jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Yongsub Kim | Hyun Joon An | Sang-Koog Kim
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-11-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Role of spin–orbit coupling in spin-to-lattice energy conversion in ferrite nanoparticles We report on the influence of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in governing spin-to-lattice energy conversion in ferrite nanoparticles (MnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, and NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>). Using infrared thermography, ferromagnetic resonance measurements, and numerical temperature-profile fitting based on an analytical thermal model, we successfully identify and clarify distinct energy conversion pathways. Specifically, we decompose the process into three sequential steps: field-to-spin energy transfer, spin precession and relaxation, and spin-to-lattice heat conversion. Our quantitative analysis reveals that spin-to-lattice conversion efficiencies are found to be approximately 21%, 18%, and 16% for the Fe, Ni, and Mn ferrites, respectively. These values closely follow the trends in the estimated Landé g-factors and SOC strengths. While SOC plays a dominant role in determining spin-to-lattice conversion efficiency, we emphasize that the total heat output also depends on intrinsic spin relaxation power, as evidenced from the high thermal response of MnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> despite its relatively weaker SOC. Our findings provide a quantitative framework for understanding SOC-mediated spin-to-lattice thermal conversion and offer material design guidelines for spin-caloritronics, nanoscale thermal management, and energy dissipation applications. Dissipation ; Energy transformation ; Nanoparticle ; Thermal energy ; Thermal ; Ferromagnetism ; Coupling (piping) ; Ferrite (magnet) ; Ferromagnetic resonance Magnetic Properties and Synthesis of Ferrites ; Multiferroics and related materials ; Magneto-Optical Properties and Applications
Authors: Pankaj Vinodrao Dixit | Dinesh Kumar Mishra
Source: Journal of Reproductive Healthcare and Medicine (article, 2025-02-07)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Nanotechnology advances in treatment of reproductive diseases: From bench to bedside Nanotechnology is the manipulation of matter at nanoscale, typically involving structures with dimensions between 1 and 100 nm. At this tiny scale, the properties of materials can differ significantly from their bulk counterparts due to quantum mechanical effects and increased surface area. Developing targeted drug delivery systems and novel drug delivery tools is mainly addressed by the field of nanomedicine. Nanomedicine has emerged as a transformative tool in the diagnosis and treatment of reproductive diseases, offering innovative solutions from early detection to advanced therapeutic strategies. Reproductive diseases, such as infertility, endometriosis, ovarian and testicular cancers, and polycystic ovary syndrome, present significant challenges in medical practice due to their complex etiology and treatment limitations. Traditional methods often involve invasive treatments with substantial side effects and limited success rates. By utilizing nanoparticles, nanosensors, and advanced imaging techniques, nanotechnology enhances early disease detection, improves diagnostic precision, and allows for targeted drug delivery, reducing systemic side effects. This review explores cutting-edge nanotechnology applications, such as polymer-based nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, dendrimers, and gene therapy delivery systems in reproductive health. It also discusses the safety concerns, ethical considerations, and evolving regulatory frameworks that must accompany the integration of nanomedicine in reproductive treatments. The findings highlight nanotechnology’s potential to revolutionize reproductive healthcare, offering personalized and more effective treatment modalities from bench to bedside. Bench to bedside ; Nanotechnology ; Medicine ; Intensive care medicine ; Medical physics ; Materials science Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties ; Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Aruna Jyothi Kora | K. Madhavi | Noorbasha N. Meeravali
Source: Analytical Science Advances (article, 2025-05-14)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Development of Suspended Droplet Microextraction Method for Spectrophotometric Determination of Serum Iron A facile, selective and sensitive method was devised for the Fe<sup>3+</sup> quantification in low volume samples, such as bovine serum based on suspended droplet microextraction (SDME). Various process parameters such as concentrations of acid (1.5% hydrochloric acid), complexing agent (0.7% ammonium thiocyanate), quaternary ammonium salt (0.2% Aliquat 336) and extracting solvent (500 µL octanol) were optimised. Ammonium thiocyanate forms water soluble, red coloured, anionic ferric thiocyanate complex [Fe(SCN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3-</sup> with Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions released from the iron-protein complex under an acidic medium. Negatively charged [Fe(SCN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3-</sup> complex forms hydrophobic ion associate Fe(SCN)<sub>6</sub> <sup>3-</sup>-Aliquat 336<sub>3</sub> <sup>3+</sup> with hydrophilic NH<sub>4</sub> <sup>+</sup> head groups of Aliquat 336 and drives out the formed micelle from aqueous solution along with the iron complex. After stirring, ion associate bonded micelles are separated into a hanging micro droplet of octanol. Red coloured ferric thiocyanate complex in a suspended droplet is solubilised in methanol and Fe<sup>3+</sup> concentration in serum samples is obtained by recording the spectrophotometric absorbance at 505 nm. The recoveries ranged from 96.2%-98.8% with relative standard deviation (RSD) (%) values from 1.4% to 5.0% at 100-400 ng/mL confirming interference free quantification at optimised conditions. The developed method was linear over the range of 20-1000 ng/mL of Fe<sup>3+</sup> with a limit of detection of 2.4 ng/mL for the serum matrix. The developed method is applied to various bovine serum samples and Fe<sup>3+</sup> concentration values ranged from 62.7 to 1582.5 ng/mL. The obtained values were in accordance with the results obtained from the electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry at 99% confidence level using <i>t</i>-test indicating the accuracy of the developed method. The proposed procedure offers various advantages such as enhanced sensitivity of the spectrophotometer towards iron determination, low-cost complexing agent, low sample volume, metal and biological interference free, simplicity and selectivity. Thus, the developed method can be an alternative to the routine spectrophotometric analysis of low volume samples such as serum and other biological fluids. Chemistry ; Thiocyanate ; Absorbance ; Aliquat 336 ; Ammonium thiocyanate ; Detection limit ; Chromatography ; Hydrochloric acid ; Ammonium ; Bovine serum albumin ; Micelle ; Iodide ; Salt (chemistry) ; Aqueous solution ; Inorganic chemistry ; Nuclear chemistry ; Extraction (chemistry) ; Organic chemistry ; Solvent extraction Analytical chemistry methods development ; Electrochemical Analysis and Applications ; Water Treatment and Disinfection
Authors: Sanchita Brahma | Lolesh Pegu | Barnali Saikia | Rajesh Chintey | Dipankar Sonowal
Source: Agricultural Reviews (review, 2025-05-26)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Heavy Metal Contamination in Vegetables and Their Amelioration: A Review Heavy metal (s) contamination of vegetables is an alarming and significant concern due to its potential health risks for consumers. Heavy metal contamination of vegetables has threatened both food security and human health. Contaminants like lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg) and others can be added to vegetable tissues when present in the soil, water, or through other sources. Anthropogenic activities such as mining, industrialization and agricultural practices like pesticide, fungicide, as well as fertilizer use release heavy metals into the soil, water and atmosphere. Vegetables are essential to the human nutrition, which provide vitamins, minerals and fibres and also have beneficial anti-oxidative properties to maintain normal physiological functions. Vegetables absorb heavy metal(s) and store them in their bodies at levels that can lead to health issues. Even at low concentrations, heavy metals can be highly detrimental to the human body due to the lack of an efficient excretion mechanism. The research on review of heavy metal contamination of vegetable crops and their amelioration have been conducted from various secondary sources of published data. Heavy metal polluted soil leads to reduction in growth due to changes in physiological and biochemical activities which affect the growth and yield of vegetable crops. To mitigate heavy metal contamination, various strategies are soil testing, remediation of contaminated sites, improving agricultural practices and monitoring of water sources, etc. Remediation techniques for reducing heavy metal contamination in vegetables include immobilization using low-cost absorbents (soil amendments), physical and chemical approaches, phytoremediation/bioremediation, chelating agents, microorganisms, transgenic plants, nanotechnology and grafting, etc. Contamination ; Heavy metals ; Toxicology ; Veterinary medicine ; Biotechnology ; Environmental science ; Mathematics ; Biology ; Environmental chemistry ; Medicine ; Chemistry ; Ecology Heavy Metals in Plants
Authors: Radmila Žižková | Baturalp Yalcinkaya | E Filová | Fatma Yalçinkaya | Matěj Buzgo
Source: Textiles (article, 2025-12-29)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Scalable Fabrication of Non-Toxic Polyamide 6 Hybrid Nanofiber Membranes Using CuO for Antimicrobial and Aerosol Filtration Protection Electrospinning has advanced from a lab technique to an industrial method, enabling modern filters that are high-performing, sustainable, recyclable, and non-toxic. This study produced recycled PA6 nanofibers using green solvents and incorporated non-toxic CuO nanoparticles via industrial free-surface electrospinning. Polymer solutions with concentrations of 12.5, 15.0 and 17.5 (w/v)% were electrospun directly onto recyclable polypropylene spunbond/meltblown nonwoven substrates to produce nanofibers with average fiber sizes of 80–250 nm. Electrospinning parameter optimization revealed that the 12.5 wt.% PA6 solution and the 2–3 mm·s−1 winding speed had the optimal performance, attaining 98.06% filtering efficiency and a 142 Pa pressure drop. The addition of 5 wt.% CuO nanoparticles increased the membrane density and reduced the pressure drop to 162 Pa, thereby improving the filtration efficiency to 98.23%. Bacterial and viral filtration studies have demonstrated pathogen retention above 99%. Moreover, antibacterial and antiviral testing has demonstrated that membranes trap and inactivate microorganisms, resulting in a 2.0 log (≈approximately 99%) reduction in viral titer. This study shows that recycled PA6 can be converted into high-performance membranes using green, industrial electrospinning, introducing innovations such as non-toxic CuO functionalization and ultra-fine fibers on recyclable substrates, yielding sustainable filters with strong antimicrobial and filtration performance, which are suitable for personal protective equipment and medical filtration. Filtration (mathematics) ; Nanofiber ; Membrane ; Polyamide ; Electrospinning ; Air filter ; Fabrication ; Surface modification Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Membrane Separation Technologies ; Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods
Authors: Lelia Lawson | Bernardo A. Souto | Dagem Zekaryas Haddis | Maria Sawiak | Md Abu Sayed | Kubra Noor | Wade Chute | David C. Bressler | Patricia I. Dolez
Source: Journal of Polymer Science (article, 2025-06-16)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Novel Lab‐Scale System for Lyocell Fiber Manufacturing ABSTRACT Lyocell man‐made cellulosic fibers (L‐MMCFs) are typically produced from wood sources, but sustainability efforts are driving interest in agricultural biomass feedstocks. This study presents a lab‐scale system for evaluating feedstock viability and processing conditions using a rotary evaporator, syringe pump, and microreactor vessel. Results show that lower processing temperatures (≤ 90°C for dissolution, 65°C for spinning) lead to better fiber formation, while higher spinning temperatures (95°C) result in irregular morphology. Lower processing temperatures also reduce the risk of exothermic reactions and n ‐methylmorpholine‐ n ‐oxide (NMMO) decomposition, improving process safety. This is further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Viscosity measurements, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) validate optimized processing conditions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis verifies NMMO recovery efficiency, showing post‐evaporation concentrations reaching 51.4 wt.%, similar to commercial stock solutions. Even if the final proposed lab‐scale method did not apply fiber drawing to the fiber, this approach provides a repeatable, cost‐effective framework for evaluating alternative cellulose sources and refining processing conditions for sustainable L‐MMCF manufacturing. While mechanical testing is not relevant to this method due to the absence of fiber drawing, this limitation is acknowledged and highlights an area for future development in lab‐scale L‐MMCF evaluation. Lyocell ; Polymer science ; Fiber ; Scale (ratio) ; Manufacturing engineering ; Process engineering ; Materials science ; Engineering ; Composite material ; Geography ; Cartography Advanced Cellulose Research Studies ; Lignin and Wood Chemistry ; Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Xiaoyi Zhou | Qiuqi Chen | Xin Tang | Ruiyu He | Zhangping Yan | Junjie Xiong | Yuhang Zhou | Linyan Li
Source: Frontiers in Chemistry (article, 2025-06-25)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Effects of temperature, pressure, and hydration on the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of calcite Geotechnical geological disasters occur frequently in China. Especially under complex environmental conditions, the failure mode of rock and the change mechanism of its mechanical properties are not clear. Although some progress has been made in recent studies on the physical and chemical properties of rocks and the microscopic mechanism of action, there is still a lack of systematic understanding of the change mechanism of calcite under different temperature, pressure and humidity conditions. In this paper, the influence of these environmental factors on the expansion behavior and elastic modulus of rock is deeply analyzed by constructing a calcite supercell model. The results show that the lattice parameters a, b and c of calcite increase by 0.45%, 0.45% and 0.44%, respectively, when the temperature increases from 300 K to 1000 K. At the same time, the bulk modulus, shear modulus and Young's modulus decreased by 6.45%, 3.63% and 3.92%, respectively. When the pressure increases from 0.1 GPa to 0.5 GPa, the volume of calcite crystal decreases by 1.10%, while the bulk modulus, shear modulus and Young's modulus increase by 2.74%, 9.36% and 8.66%, respectively. The bulk modulus, shear modulus and Young's modulus decreased by 15.6%, 18.5% and 18.1%, respectively, when anhydrous calcite was transformed into 50 water molecules. This study clarifies the degradation mechanism of calcite under the action of temperature, pressure and hydration, and provides an important theoretical basis and guidance for the prevention and control of geotechnical geological disasters. Calcite ; Materials science ; Mineralogy ; Chemical engineering ; Geology ; Engineering Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition ; Crystallization and Solubility Studies ; Clay minerals and soil interactions
Authors: D. Robinson | Ryan Hood | N. J. Peters | Robert Kolasinski | John Brockman | Konrad Thürmer | Khalid Hattar | Eric Lang | Vitalie Stavila | Donald F. Cowgill | Richard A. Karnesky
Source: Journal of Nuclear Materials (article, 2025-05-13)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

In situ observation of irradiation-induced enhancement to the desorption pressure of zirconium hydride in a nuclear reactor Zirconium ; Zirconium hydride ; In situ ; Irradiation ; Hydride ; Radiochemistry ; Desorption ; Chemistry ; Zirconium alloy ; Nuclear chemistry ; Materials science ; Nuclear engineering ; Inorganic chemistry ; Metallurgy ; Nuclear physics ; Physical chemistry ; Adsorption ; Physics ; Metal Nuclear Materials and Properties ; Nuclear reactor physics and engineering ; Fusion materials and technologies
Authors: Yuyan Zhang | Jiping Zhao | Hui Guo | Xiaoyun Lu | Dan Tan
Source: Microorganisms (article, 2025-02-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Production and Bioseparation Applications of Polyhydroxyalkanoate Nano-Granules Functionalized with Streptavidin Rapidly growing industrial biotechnology and bio-manufacturing require simple and cost-effective bioseparation tools. A novel strategy of bioseparation based on the streptavidin-decorated polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) nano-granules was developed in this study. By fusing to the N-terminus of PHA-associated phasin protein, the streptavidin was one-step immobilized on the surface of PHA nano-granules simultaneously with the accumulation of PHA in recombinant <i>Escherichia coli</i>. About 1.95 g/L of PHA nano-granules (54.51 wt% of cell dry weight) were produced after 48 h bacterial cultivation. The following qualitative and quantitative characterizations demonstrated that the streptavidin accounted for approximately 6.78% of the total weight of the purified PHA nano-granules and confirmed a considerable biotin affinity of 0.1 ng biotin/μg surface protein. As a proof of concept, the nano-granules were further functionalized with biotinylated oligo(dT) for mRNA isolation and about 1.26 μg of mRNA (occupied 2.59%) was purified from 48.45 μg of total RNA, achieving good integrity and high purity with few DNA and rRNA contaminations. Moreover, the nano-granules retained more than 80% of their initial mRNA recovery efficiency after ten cycles of repeated use. The PHA-SAP nano-granules were also functionalized with biotinylated magnetic beads, allowing magnetic recovery of the PHA nano-granules from cell lysates that still needs optimization. Our study provides a novel and expandable platform of PHA nano-granules that can be further functionalized with various biological groups for bioseparation applications. The functional PHA nano-granules have a great potential to serve as bioseparation resin for large-scale purification processes after suitable optimizations for "bench-to-factory" translation, contributing to scalable and sustainable bioprocessing. Polyhydroxyalkanoates ; Streptavidin ; Nano- ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Polyhydroxybutyrate ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry ; Biology ; Biotin ; Composite material ; Bacteria biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications ; Biotin and Related Studies
Authors: Alieh Moeinipour | Abbas Afkhami | Tayyebeh Madrakian
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-08-29)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Development of a smart polymer film based on hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks: stimuli-responsive and ammonia sensing A multifunctional polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film integrated with a Metronidazole.hydrogen-bonded organic framework (MET.HOF) encapsulating metronidazole was developed. The stability of MET.HOF is to temperature and pH-sensitive variations, leading to the controlled release of metronidazole under such conditions. Additionally, the incorporation of anthocyanin into the polymer matrix imparts the ability to detect ammonia, as anthocyanin exhibits color changes in response to pH fluctuations. Consequently, this film serves as a temperature/pH-responsive smart wound dressing. To assess the drug release behavior, the film's responsiveness was tested at different pH levels (5.5, 7.4, and 9) and temperatures (37 °C and 40 °C), conditions representative of wound environments. The results demonstrated that the polymer film effectively released metronidazole at temperatures above 37 °C and under alkaline pH, allowing for tailored drug delivery based on wound conditions. Anthocyanin functioned as a natural pH indicator, enabling the detection of ammonia produced at infected wound sites. The polymer's color change was quantitatively analyzed using RGB color detection software, with a minimum detectable concentration of 1.25 ± 0.07 mg L<sup>-1</sup>. The film exhibited a contact angle of 58.8° ± 4.2° and a swelling degree of 240% ± 50%. Antibacterial tests revealed a zone of inhibition of 10 mm ± 1 at a concentration of 50 mg mL<sup>-1</sup>, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) both at 500 μg mL<sup>-1</sup>. The polymer also demonstrated significant antioxidant activity, ranging from 85.90 to 97.00%. The study introduces a novel factor influencing crystal growth in hydrogen-bonded organic framework structures. Polymer ; Anthocyanin ; Polyvinyl alcohol ; Ammonia ; Swelling ; Chemistry ; Metronidazole ; Chemical engineering ; Smart polymer ; Nuclear chemistry ; RGB color model ; Materials science ; Organic chemistry ; Composite material ; Biochemistry ; Food science ; Computer science Antimicrobial agents and applications ; Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials
Authors: Petro Demydov | Andrii Lopatynskyi | Nazar Mazur | Оксана Ісаєва | Vitalii Lytvyn | Mariia Khutko | Volodymyr Yukhymchuk | Gennady Monastyrsky | Volodymyr Chegel
Source: Royal Society Open Science (article, 2025-09-01)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Gold nanochips with molecularly imprinted polymer coating for sensing explosives: a surface-enhanced Raman scattering approach This research is aimed at developing a sensor that is both sensitive and selective for detecting explosives, and to examine its surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) response. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), commonly used as synthetic receptors in sensors for the selective detection of molecules without prior analytic treatments, have been combined with optical sensors. This integration, especially in combination with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) technology, represents a promising strategy for identifying explosives. Specifically, we considered a sensor based on a gold nanostructure array deposited onto a glass substrate (gold nanochip), followed by the fabrication of an MIP layer using the photochemical polymerization method with 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) as a template molecule. The selectivity of the sensor was assessed by comparing the SERS and LSPR responses against 4-NP and other chemical analogues of nitro-containing explosives. Notably, this technique not only ensures sensor selectivity but is also capable of detecting analytes at concentrations as low as 100 μM. Molecularly imprinted polymer ; Surface plasmon resonance ; Raman scattering ; Selectivity ; Polymer ; Molecular imprinting ; Analyte ; Nanostructure ; Coating Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Melamine detection and toxicity ; Forensic Fingerprint Detection Methods