jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Chen-Cheng Tsai | Ching‐Hsiang Fan | Chia-Wei Lin | Ayache Bouakaz | Chih‐Kuang Yeh
Source: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy (article, 2025-07-17)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Focused ultrasound-triggered escitalopram delivery using microbubble-liposome complexes for rapid and sustained serotonin regulation in depression therapy Serotonin plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder, with a deficiency therein being a hallmark of the condition. However, the efficacies of conventional treatments for depression involving the regulation of serotonin are limited by delayed onset, high drug dosing, and requirement for daily administration due to the obstacle of the blood-brain barrier. This study investigated an innovative approach that combines focused ultrasound (FUS) with escitalopram-loaded liposomes (Esc-lip) tethered to microbubbles (Esc-MBs) for targeted drug delivery to the serotonin-transporter-rich hippocampus. This approach elevates the serotonin level rapidly and sustainably with minimal drug doses and repeated treatments. Esc-MBs were synthesized by encapsulating escitalopram within biotinylated liposomes conjugated to MBs' outer surface. The results demonstrated that exposing Esc-MBs to FUS at 1 MHz and 600 kPa for 160 cycles and 1800 s induced the transient release of free Esc and Esc-lip, resulted in the local accumulation of escitalopram in the hippocampus of a chronic unpredictable mild stress model of depression. After Esc-MBs with FUS treatment, the intracerebral levels of escitalopram and serotonin immediately elevated 32.2-fold and 1.1-fold, respectively, higher than for oral administration, and these levels remained high at 144 h after the treatment. We have also demonstrated that the proposed Esc-MBs with FUS treatment strategy can ameliorate depression-like behaviors in an animal model of depression, achieving therapeutic outcomes comparable to those for the oral administration of escitalopram. These results highlight the potential of this strategy for addressing critical unmet needs in depression therapy. Escitalopram ; Depression (economics) ; Serotonin ; Liposome ; Medicine ; Pharmacology ; Psychotherapist ; Psychology ; Psychiatry ; Chemistry ; Internal medicine ; Receptor ; Antidepressant ; Biochemistry Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications ; Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
Authors: Wen Jun Wei | Kunyu Li | Changjun Li | Siyu Wang | Lulu Li | Junyu Xie | Ting Li | Zijun Zhou | Shirong Zhang | Yulin Pu | Yongxia Jia | Xiaojing Liu | Xiaoxun Xu | Guiyin Wang
Source: Agronomy (article, 2025-05-23)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Enhancing Soil Phosphorus and Potassium Availability in Tea Plantation: The Role of Biochar, PGPR, and Phosphorus- and Potassium-Bearing Minerals The co-application of biochar, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), and phosphorus- and potassium-bearing minerals has emerged as a promising strategy for improving soil nutrient availability. However, the synergistic effects and impact factors that facilitate this optimization are yet to be fully elucidated. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a pot experiment to evaluate the effects of these amendments on tea yield and phosphorus (P)/potassium (K) availability, while employing Random Forest (RF) and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to reveal the underlying mechanisms driving these improvements. The results demonstrated that the tripartite combination significantly enhanced tea yield, leaf P/K concentrations, and soil available P (AP)/available K (AK) levels compared to individual applications or pairwise combinations. Analytical modeling identified Chloroflexi bacteria containing pqqc functional genes as key drivers of AP enhancement. The AP was further modulated by β-glucosidase activity, NaHCO3-P, and AK levels. Critical determinants of AK dynamics included phosphorus-solubilizing bacterial populations, catalase activity, and fundamental soil chemical properties. In summary, our research conclusively shows that the co-application of phosphorus- and potassium-bearing minerals, PGPR, and biochar represents an effective approach to enhancing P and K accessibility in soil, thereby offering a viable alternative to conventional P and K fertilizers in tea cultivation. Biochar ; Potassium ; Phosphorus ; Agronomy ; Chemistry ; Environmental science ; Biology ; Pyrolysis Clay minerals and soil interactions
Authors: Florence J. Müller | Shivaprakash N. Ramakrishna | Lucio Isa | Jan Vermant
Source: Langmuir (article, 2025-01-28)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Tuning Colloidal Gel Properties: The Influence of Central and Noncentral Forces Colloidal gels, ubiquitous in industrial applications, can undergo reversible solid-to-liquid transitions. Recent work demonstrates that adding surface roughness to primary particles enhances the toughness and influences the self-healing properties of colloidal gels. In the present work, we first use colloidal probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM) to assess the quantitative changes in adhesive and frictional forces between thermoresponsive particles as a function of their roughness. The presence of static friction, generated by interparticle adhesion results in noncentral forces, leading to network structures that are more readily constrained in their nodes. Systems with higher friction exhibited increased sedimentation stability, a decrease in percolation threshold and a more abrupt elastic to plastic transition, but an enhanced capacity in storing elastic energy until fluidification. Additional experiments with geometrically smooth but "chemically rough" (patchy) particles further emphasized the importance of static interparticle friction in the macroscopic yielding and recovery behavior of colloidal gels. Colloid ; Chemistry ; Materials science ; Chemical engineering ; Chemical physics ; Physics ; Nanotechnology ; Classical mechanics ; Thermodynamics ; Physical chemistry ; Engineering Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization ; Proteins in Food Systems ; Surfactants and Colloidal Systems
Authors: Hao Xu | Yuye Dou | Xinrui Wang | Guangling He | Xia Li | Xuefeng Yan | Liangmin Yu
Source: Small (article, 2025-04-25)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Design and Synthesis of N‐Doped Porous Carbon Flowers with Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Herein, a simple, innovative, and efficient method is presented for synthesizing an electromagnetic wave (EMW)-absorbing material with a distinctive flower-ball structure. Acrylonitrile (AN)-styrene binary polymer microspheres (PAS) serve as seeds for the deposition of AN, forming petal-like structures and yielding uniform polymer flower balls (PAS&A-F). Carbonization of these flower balls produces PAS&A carbon flowers (PAS&A-CF) with excellent EMW absorption properties. PAS&A-CF carbonized at 800 °C exhibits a minimum reflection loss of -54.0 dB at a thickness of 2.92 mm and an optimal effective absorption bandwidth of 4.01 GHz. This exceptional performance is attributed to the unique petal-like cross-stacked flower-ball morphology, porous structure, N and O atom doping, and an appropriate degree of graphitization. These characteristics synergistically enhance impedance matching, multiple scattering and reflection, dipole polarization, and conductive loss. This straightforward, innovative, and highly efficient preparation approach, with precise control over surface morphology and temperature, offers a novel approach for developing high-performance EMW-absorbing materials. Reflection loss ; Materials science ; Carbonization ; Doping ; Polymer ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Porosity ; Chemical engineering ; Composite material ; Optoelectronics ; Composite number ; Scanning electron microscope Electromagnetic wave absorption materials ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications
Authors: Klara Klemenčič | Andraž Krajnc | Andreas Puškarić | Matej Huš | Dana Marinič | Blaž Likozar | Nataša Zabukovec Logar | Matjaž Mazaj
Source: Angewandte Chemie (article, 2025-01-21)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Amine‐Functionalized Triazolate‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Diluted CO<sub>2</sub> Capture Performance Abstract Efficient CO 2 capture at concentrations between 400–2000 ppm is essential for maintaining air quality in a habitable environment and advancing carbon capture technologies. This study introduces NICS‐24 (National Institute of Chemistry Structures No. 24), a Zn‐oxalate 3,5‐diamino‐1,2,4‐triazolate framework with two distinct square‐shaped channels, designed to enhance CO 2 capture at indoor‐relevant concentrations. NICS‐24 exhibits a CO 2 uptake of 0.7 mmol/g at 2 mbar and 25 °C, significantly outperforming the compositionally related Zn‐oxalate 1,2,4‐triazolate – CALF‐20 (0.17 mmol/g). Improved performance is attributed to amino‐functions that enhance CO 2 binding and enable superior selectivity over N 2 and O 2 , achieving 8‐fold and 30‐fold improvements, respectively, in simulated CO 2 /N 2 and CO 2 /O 2 atmospheric ratios. In humid environments, NICS‐24 retained structural integrity but exhibited an 85 % reduction in CO 2 capacity due to competitive water adsorption. Breakthrough sorption experiments, atomistic NMR analysis, and DFT calculations revealed that water preferentially adsorbs over CO 2 due to strong hydrogen‐bonding interactions within the framework. Gained understanding of the interaction between CO 2 and H 2 O within the MOF framework could guide the modification via rational design with improved performance under real‐world conditions. Metal-organic framework ; Amine gas treating ; Chemistry ; Metal ; Chemical engineering ; Materials science ; Nanotechnology ; Organic chemistry ; Adsorption Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; Membrane Separation and Gas Transport ; Zeolite Catalysis and Synthesis
Authors: Mohsen Elabbadi | Christina Boukouvala | Emilie Ringe
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-01-08)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Controllable synthesis of Pd and Pt shells on Au nanoparticles with electrodeposition Shells of Pd and Pt were synthesized on Au nanoparticles by electrodeposition, leading to controllable size and optical properties. This approach yielded core-shell structures with good homogeneity in size after the optimization of electrochemical parameters such as deposition current and charge transfer, as well as nanoparticle surface treatment. Dark field scattering microscopy and spectroscopy were used to track changes in the optical response of individual particles during deposition. The deposition of thin shells of Pd or Pt initially leads to a damping of the Au localized surface plasmon resonance which is followed by its redshift and an increase in scattering intensity. These changes were rationalized with numerical calculations and correlated with electron microscopy analyses revealing the morphology and thickness of Pd and Pt shells. This electrochemical approach provides a new pathway for the synthesis of bimetallic structures with catalytic surfaces. Bimetallic strip ; Nanoparticle ; Materials science ; Surface plasmon resonance ; Homogeneity (statistics) ; Deposition (geology) ; Scattering ; Electrochemistry ; Plasmon ; Thin film ; Chemical engineering ; Nanotechnology ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Electrode ; Optics ; Optoelectronics ; Chemistry ; Metal ; Physical chemistry ; Metallurgy ; Physics Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion ; nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
Authors: Linta Sohail | Sofia K. Drakopoulou | Tiago Costa | George D. Spyropoulos
Source: npj Flexible Electronics (article, 2025-05-08)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Piezoelectric ion gated organic electrochemical transistors for efficient vibration sensing and on-site amplification Accurate detection of physiological vibrations is vital for monitoring health and enabling sensory feedback in bioelectronics. Current technologies often suffer from low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), bulkiness, and the need for external amplification. Here, we introduce piezoelectric internal ion-gated organic electrochemical transistors (Piezo-IGTs), which efficiently convert mechanical vibrations into amplified electrical signals. These devices integrate laminated P(VDF-TrFE) microfiber films as the gate atop the transistor channel, generating voltage upon deformation to modulate mobile ions in the conducting polymer. Fabricated via sequential deposition and lamination, Piezo-IGTs achieve high fill factors and efficient on-site amplification, improving SNR over standalone piezoelectric films. They operate near 0 V gate voltage, enabling low-power performance. We validate their functionality in mechanomyography, speech recognition, and mechanocardiography using microscale Piezo-IGTs. This self-contained, flexible architecture demonstrates promise for integration into implantable and wearable systems, offering real-time, high-fidelity acquisition of bio-mechanical signals in next-generation health monitoring and neuroprosthetic applications. Ion ; Electrochemistry ; Vibration ; Transistor ; Materials science ; Piezoelectricity ; Optoelectronics ; Electrical engineering ; Acoustics ; Electrode ; Chemistry ; Physics ; Engineering ; Voltage ; Composite material ; Physical chemistry ; Organic chemistry Conducting polymers and applications ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials ; Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
Authors: Fatemeh Ahmadzadeh | Ali Bahrami | Mansour Zaremanesh
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-07-15)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Large-scale underwater acoustic cloak based on honeycomb lattice pentamode metamaterials This research explores the development and modeling of an underwater acoustic cloak utilizing pentamode metamaterials. The primary objective is to design a structure that acoustically mimics water, enabling the guidance of waves in such a way that the target object is acoustically cloaked. Initially, an aluminum-based frame arranged in a honeycomb lattice is designed, and its phononic band structure is analyzed. Elliptical-shaped masses are then embedded into the structure to tune its mechanical properties for optimal acoustic performance. Finite element method simulations demonstrate that the designed structure exhibits good agreement with wave propagation in water. Subsequently, the acoustic cloak is designed using graded variations in structural parameters, and its performance is evaluated within the frequency range of 1 to 3 kHz. The results show that the proposed structure can effectively reduce the total scattering cross section by a factor of two and successfully cloak an object with an approximate area of 34,880 mm². Cloak ; Metamaterial ; Underwater ; Lattice (music) ; Honeycomb ; Acoustics ; Computer science ; Scale (ratio) ; Cloaking ; Materials science ; Physics ; Optics ; Geology ; Composite material Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Acoustic Wave Phenomena Research ; Antenna Design and Analysis
Authors: Olga Żurowska | Artur Michalak
Source: Journal of Molecular Modeling (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Description of changes in chemical bonding along the pathways of chemical reactions by deformation of the molecular electrostatic potential All the calculations were performed using the ADF package. The Becke-Perdew exchange-correlation functional was used with the Grimme's dispersion correction (D3 version) with Becke-Johnson damping. The Slater TZP basis sets defined within the ADF program were applied. For the analysed reactions, the stationary points were determined and verified by frequency calculations, and the IRC was determined. Further analysis was performed for the structures of reactants, TS, products, and the points corresponding to the minimum and maximum of the reaction force. For each point, two fragments, A and B, corresponding to the reactants were considered. The deformation density was calculated as the difference between the electron density of the system AB and the sum of densities of A and B, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Δ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>ρ</mml:mi> <mml:mfenced><mml:mi>r</mml:mi></mml:mfenced> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>ρ</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mi>AB</mml:mi></mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mfenced><mml:mi>r</mml:mi></mml:mfenced> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>ρ</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi></mml:msup> <mml:mfenced><mml:mi>r</mml:mi></mml:mfenced> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mi>ρ</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi></mml:msup> <mml:mfenced><mml:mi>r</mml:mi></mml:mfenced> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo></mml:mrow> </mml:math> with the same fragment definition as in the ETS-NOCV method. Correspondingly, deformation in MEP was determined as <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Δ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>V</mml:mi> <mml:mfenced><mml:mi>r</mml:mi></mml:mfenced> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>V</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mi>AB</mml:mi></mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mfenced><mml:mi>r</mml:mi></mml:mfenced> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>V</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi></mml:msup> <mml:mfenced><mml:mi>r</mml:mi></mml:mfenced> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>V</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi></mml:msup> <mml:mfenced><mml:mi>r</mml:mi></mml:mfenced> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Chemical bond ; Deformation (meteorology) ; Chemical reaction ; Chemical physics ; Computational chemistry ; Chemistry ; Materials science ; Organic chemistry ; Composite material Crystallography and molecular interactions ; Chemical Thermodynamics and Molecular Structure ; Various Chemistry Research Topics
Authors: Yuhui Xiang | Spencer Doran | Tzu‐Yi Chang | Zexiao Wang | Smitanan Sangkagoon | Y. L. Yeung | Fei Xue | Tianle Cheng | Dong Zhao | Jie Lian | Tianyi Chen | Sheng Shen | Ömer Doğan | Youhai Wen | Dong Lin
Source: International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology (article, 2025-05-12)
Field: Materials Science — Ceramics and Composites

Additive manufacturing of high‐density silicon carbide ceramics through post‐processing spark plasma sintering Abstract This research advances the field of additive manufacturing (AM) of silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics by integrating spark plasma sintering (SPS) to enhance material density, mechanical strength, and thermal properties. Traditional AM techniques struggle to achieve the high‐density SiC required for demanding applications, such as aerospace engineering, where high thermal conductivity and mechanical strength are paramount. Our study addresses these challenges by incorporating SPS as a post‐processing step, achieving near‐theoretical maximum densities and significantly reducing porosity, thereby resulting in outstanding thermal conductivity in SiC ceramics. We developed a specialized SiC ink optimized for 3D printing, ensuring structural integrity after deposition through tailored rheological properties. The application of SPS facilitates rapid, uniform sintering, essential for attaining superior density, mechanical properties, and thermal performance. Our experimental results, confirmed through scanning electron microscopy analysis, demonstrate significant microstructural properties, mechanical strength, and thermal conductivity, showcasing the effectiveness of integrating SPS in AM processes. This innovative approach not only expands the capabilities of AM in producing complex, high‐density ceramic structures but also broadens the potential applications of SiC in demanding environments. Spark plasma sintering ; Materials science ; Silicon carbide ; Ceramic ; Sintering ; Metallurgy ; Plasma ; Carbide ; Relative density Advanced ceramic materials synthesis ; Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies ; Advanced materials and composites
Authors: Daniel Holder | Paul Reichle | Georg Umlauf | Rudolf Weber | Jakob Barz | Thomas Graf
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-07-29)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Tunable, permanent and instantly available super-wettability states on metal surfaces by laser texturing and plasma coating Wettability, the ability of a liquid to spread on or repel from a surface, holds particular significance for applications requiring extreme control of liquid interaction, including self-cleaning, anti-icing, dropwise condensation, anti-fogging, and enhanced fluid transport. This work investigates the synergistic combination of laser surface texturing and plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to achieve tunable, permanent, and instantly available super-wettability states on metal surfaces. Ultrashort laser pulses were employed to produce various surface textures, ranging from fine nanoscale ripples to rougher microtextures such as microgrooves, spikes, and holes, on stainless steel AISI 304, copper, and the titanium alloy Ti64. PECVD coatings, including thin layers of glass and polymers, were subsequently applied to these textures to modulate surface chemistry and achieve the desired wettability.The results demonstrate that superhydrophilic surfaces with a water contact angle θ < 10° were achieved by combining rough textures with thin glass coatings, offering long-term stability that could be simply renewed via ultrasonic cleaning. Conversely, superhydrophobic surfaces with a water contact angle θ > 150° were instantly obtained using polymer coatings on rough textures. These functionalized surfaces also exhibited exceptional liquid repellence for complex liquids, such as milk and beer, making them particularly suitable for special applications using solutions or emulsions. The integration of laser texturing and PECVD coating provides a versatile and simple pathway for fabricating functional surfaces with tunable wettability and long-term performance across multiple metals and fluids. Wetting ; Coating ; Materials science ; Laser ; Metal ; Plasma ; Contact angle ; Chemical engineering ; Nanotechnology ; Composite material ; Metallurgy ; Optics ; Engineering Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity ; Adhesion, Friction, and Surface Interactions ; Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer