jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: SAHANA BHAT | K. Abhaya Kumar | Cristi Spulbăr | Ramona Birău | PRAKASH PINTO | Iqbal Thonse Hawaldar | Cristian Rebegea
Source: Industria Textila (article, 2022-10-26)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Investigating the impact of normal and abnormal loss factors in garmentindustry: A case study based on a jeans manufacturer in India This study aimed to analyse the normal and abnormal loss of a jeans manufacturing company in India. Personal interview and observation method are used in this study. Abnormal loss in quantity and rupee value is computed for 40 days of production based on the observed data. Mean abnormal losses are computed and one sample t-test is applied to test the hypotheses that the mean abnormal loss is not equal to zero. The study revealed that a normal loss of 3 to 5% is expected in any garment manufacturing company due to loss during the cutting and shrinkage process. The p-values of one sample t-test were less than 0.05 for all the tested hypotheses, hence, all the null hypotheses (H01 to H05 mean abnormal losses equal to zero) were rejected. Further, it was found that fabric is the big contributor in terms of abnormal loss. Hence, proper training for workers and recruiting of trained workers are advised to reduce abnormal losses Null hypothesis ; Test (biology) ; Sample (material) ; Rupee ; Operations management ; Statistics ; Mathematics ; Engineering ; Business ; Chemistry Textile materials and evaluations
Authors: Serkan Boz | Mustafa Engin | Savvas Vassiliadis | Mehmet Erdoğan
Source: Industria Textila (article, 2022-04-30)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Influence of sewing parameters on the energy consumption of the sewingmachines The clothing industry due to the rapid changes in the technological and economical fields faces continuously new challenges like efficient machine and process settings’ changes for individual production orders for smaller quantities; increased product and materials variety and increased competitiveness through higher quality and lower production costs. Energy consumption is very important because, besides the varying costs (material, labour), the costs of energy are one of the key factors affecting the manufacturing costs, which is the main factor affecting the final price of the clothing products. It is well known that energy costs constitute 10–15 % of the overall manufacturing costs in the apparel industry. In the present study, the correlation of the various sewing parameters with the energy consumption and thus the energy costs are examined. In order to obtain this goal, a data collection system has been designed in order to meet the needs and the nature of the measurements. Sewing experiments were carried out on different samples using various sewing parameters and the consumption of the electrical power was monitored. Additionally, the measurements obtained during the experiments were sent and stored in a computer for the processing of the signals and their statistical evaluation. Clothing ; Energy consumption ; Production (economics) ; Consumption (sociology) ; Energy (signal processing) ; Quality (philosophy) ; Product (mathematics) ; Manufacturing engineering ; Order (exchange) ; Process engineering ; Operations management ; Engineering ; Business ; Economics ; Statistics ; Electrical engineering Textile materials and evaluations
Authors: Xinyu Fan | Cai‐Zhuang Wang | Kai‐Ming Ho | M. S. Altman | Li Huang
Source: Physical review. B./Physical review. B (article, 2022-03-21)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Reversible motions and disordered structure of soft particles in amorphous solids In amorphous solids, soft vibrational modes derived from normal mode analysis can be utilized to identify the soft particles that are prone to irreversible rearrangements. However, the normal mode analysis approach cannot explain why the spatial distributions of clustered soft particles do not change over time. We define a softness parameter based on the vibrational density of states calculated directly from molecular dynamics simulations with both the harmonic vibrations and anharmonic relaxations being properly captured at finite temperatures. This parameter spontaneously correlates with the real space atomic motions and the dynamics heterogeneity. Using the softness parameter, we show that the softest particles are confined within rigid cages. These particles keep rearranging reversibly without long-range diffusion. The moderately soft particles rearrange irreversibly, and the hard particles mainly participate in vibrations without rearrangement. We also show that the soft particles form locally disordered structures, while the hard particles present strong ordering. These findings confirm the defective nature of soft particles, and provide insights on the nature of softness as the ability to rearrange, but not necessarily irreversibly. Anharmonicity ; Soft modes ; Normal mode ; Amorphous solid ; Vibration ; Range (aeronautics) ; Chemical physics ; Molecular dynamics ; Particle (ecology) ; Diffusion ; Molecular vibration ; Physics ; Molecular physics ; Materials science ; Classical mechanics ; Condensed matter physics ; Chemistry ; Molecule ; Thermodynamics ; Crystallography ; Quantum mechanics Material Dynamics and Properties ; Liquid Crystal Research Advancements ; Theoretical and Computational Physics
Authors: Katharina Bersching | Thomas Michna | Stefan Tenzer | Stefan Jacob
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2022-11-09)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Data-Independent Acquisition (DIA) is Superior for High Precisely Phospho-Peptide Quantification in Fungi The dynamic interplay of signaling networks in most major cellular processes is characterized by the orchestration of reversible protein phosphorylation. Consequently, analytic methods like quantitative phospho-peptidomics has been pushed forward from a highly specialized edge-technique to a powerful and versatile platform for comprehensively analyzing the phosphorylation profile of living organisms. Despite enormous progress in instrumentation and bioinformatics, a major problem remains a high number of missing values caused by the experimental procedure due to either a random phospho-peptide enrichment selectivity or borderline signal intensities, which both cause the exclusion for fragmentation using the commonly applied data dependent acquisition (DDA) mode. Consequently, an incomplete dataset reduces confidence in the subsequent statistical bioinformatic processing. Here, we successfully applied data independent acquisition (DIA) by using the filamentous fungus Magnaporthe oryzae as model organism and could prove that while maintaining data quality (such as phosphosite and peptide sequence confidence), the data completeness increases dramatically. Since the method presented here reduces the LC-MS/MS analysis from 3 h to 1 h and increases the number of phoshosites identified up to 10-fold in contrast to published studies in fungi, we pushed the phospho-proteomic technique beyond its current limits and could provide a sophisticated resource for investigation of signaling processes in filamentous fungi. Phosphorylation ; Computational biology ; Biology ; Fragmentation (computing) ; Peptide ; Computer science ; Missing data ; Bioinformatics ; Cell biology ; Biochemistry ; Machine learning Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Diatoms and Algae Research ; Identification and Quantification in Food
Authors: Anders Persson
Source: Plasma Sources Science and Technology (article, 2022-04-26)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Microplasma emission spectroscopy of stable isotope ratios in carbon dioxide Abstract This study investigates the prospects of using emissions from the discharge of a stripline split-ring resonator microplasma source to measure the 13 C/ 12 C isotope ratio in CO 2 . The plasma source was used in a measurement scheme called microplasma emission spectroscopy, in which the visible emission spectrum of the CO 2 discharge was investigated using a Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) spectrometer. The study revealed that the major isotope dependencies of the spectrum originated from the Ångström system ( B 1 Σ + → A 1 Π) of CO molecules that had been converted from CO 2 in the discharge. Although at least four of the bands of the Ångström system showed clear isotopic dependences, the (0–3) band at 561 nm was concluded to show the most prospects for spectrometric applications because of a combination of wide isotopic shift and low background. A theoretical model of this band was constructed and used in a partial least squares fitting algorithm, to quantify the abundance of 12 C and 13 C in the sample. This signal processing method was shown to be robust and linear over the whole dynamic range of 13 C/ 12 C ratios (1%–100%) but required a ten-fold improvement in precision and accuracy at naturally occurring 13 C levels (1.07%–1.12%) to be useful in most scientific applications. However, several promising ways of achieving such an improvement have been presented, and the results demonstrate the potential of creating a simple, cost-effective, and highly miniaturized system for isotope ratio measurements, which could offer great advantages to scientists in many different fields, from environmental science to planetary exploration. Microplasma ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Spectroscopy ; Isotope ; Emission spectrum ; Chemistry ; Spectrometer ; Angstrom ; Atomic emission spectroscopy ; Plasma ; Spectral line ; Inductively coupled plasma ; Optics ; Physics Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Analytical Chemistry and Sensors ; Laser Design and Applications
Authors: Van Minh
Source: Journal of Science and Technique (article, 2022-08-29)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

OPTIMIZATION OF LINER STRUCTURE TO ENHANCE THE PENETRATION PERFORMANCE OF SHAPED CHARGE WARHEAD In this study, the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) programmed on MATLAB software is applied to solve the optimal problem of determining the liner structure to enhance the penetration performance of the shaped charge warhead. The obtained results show that when using the optimal set of parameters found by the proposed approach (the internal apex angle α0 = 16°, the thickness δ = 4.9 mm), the penetration performance of the shaped charged warhead is significantly improved (the penetration depth b = 553 mm, 38% higher than the original plan). Warhead ; Penetration (warfare) ; Shaped charge ; MATLAB ; Software ; Materials science ; Penetration depth ; Computer science ; Mechanics ; Simulation ; Aerospace engineering ; Optics ; Physics ; Engineering ; Chemistry High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Cryptographic Implementations and Security ; Electromagnetic Launch and Propulsion Technology
Authors: Esra Zeynep YILDIZ | Gülşah Pamuk
Source: Industria Textila (article, 2022-10-26)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

The effect of loop length, yarn twist and dyeing process on seam strengthof knitted fabrics Seam strength is a key factor both in terms of aesthetics and the life of the apparel. There are many factors affecting seam strength, some of which are relevant to fabric construction and treatment, and the others are about sewing thread and sewing parameters. This research paper focuses on the effects of fabric construction, sewing parameters and the dyeing process on the seam strength of knitted fabrics. For this purpose, seven single jersey knitted fabrics were produced, differing in loop length and yarn twist. The samples were dyed and then sewn with different sewing parameters. The seam strength values were calculated and statistically evaluated. The results showed that fabric construction, sewing thread type and count, stitch density and dyeing process profoundly influence the seam strength of single jersey fabrics. When comparing the effects of dyeing, it was found that dyeing leads to a decrease in seam strength values Dyeing ; Yarn ; Thread (computing) ; Breaking strength ; Twist ; Engineering ; Composite material ; Materials science ; Structural engineering ; Mechanical engineering ; Mathematics ; Geometry Textile materials and evaluations ; Dyeing and Modifying Textile Fibers
Authors: Xinhao Shao | Christopher Grams | Yu Gao
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2022-01-13)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Sequence Coverage Visualizer: A web application for protein sequence coverage 3D visualization Abstract Protein structure is connected with its function and interaction and plays an extremely important role in protein characterization. As one of the most important analytical methods for protein characterization, Proteomics is widely used to determine protein composition, quantitation, interaction, and even structures. However, due to the gap between identified proteins by proteomics and available 3D structures, it was very challenging, if not impossible, to visualize proteomics results in 3D and further explore the structural aspects of proteomics experiments. Recently, two groups of researchers from DeepMind and Baker lab have independently published protein structure prediction tools that can help us obtain predicted protein structures for the whole human proteome. Although there is still debate on the validity of some of the predicted structures, it is no doubt that these represent the most accurate predictions to date. More importantly, this enabled us to visualize the majority of human proteins for the first time. To help other researchers best utilize these protein structure predictions, we present the Sequence Coverage Visualizer (SCV), http://scv.lab.gy , a web application for protein sequence coverage 3D visualization. Here we showed a few possible usages of the SCV, including the labeling of post-translational modifications and isotope labeling experiments. These results highlight the usefulness of such 3D visualization for proteomics experiments and how SCV can turn a regular result list into structural insights. Furthermore, when used together with limited proteolysis, we demonstrated that SCV can help validate and compare different protein structures, including predicted ones and existing PDB entries. By performing limited proteolysis on native proteins at various time points, SCV can visualize the progress of the digestion. This time-series data further allowed us to compare the predicted structure and existing PDB entries. Although not deterministic, these comparisons could be used to refine current predictions further and represent an important step towards a complete and correct protein structure database. Overall, SCV is a convenient and powerful tool for visualizing proteomics results. Visualization ; Proteomics ; Computer science ; Computational biology ; Proteome ; Sequence (biology) ; Protein sequencing ; Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB) ; Protein structure ; Bioinformatics ; Data mining ; Biology ; Peptide sequence ; Genetics ; Biochemistry Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Protein Structure and Dynamics ; Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
Authors: Oksana Panysheva
Source: Global Journal of Medical Research (article, 2022-07-09)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Development Of Formulation and Technology of Combined Generic Powder for Oral Solution in Sachets Based on the Quality by Design Approach Using quality by design approaches (dispersion analysis and random balance method), the formulation and technology of powder for oral solution in sachets were developed. It includes paracetamol, ascorbic acid, phenylephrine hydrochloride, and pheniramine maleate. The influence of 27 excipients from 5 functional groups on 11 quality attributes was established by the dispersion analysis. The preferred excipients were selected using the utility function. The quantities of preferable excipients (7 quantitative factors at three levels) were researched by the random balance method. Their influence on 11 pharmaco-technological parameters of the powder and the physical properties of the solution studied. The optimal composition of the powder for the oral solution established. 9 sequences of introducing components were analyzed by dispersion analysis. The optimal technology of the powder for oral solution in sachets byroll compaction is established. Dispersion (optics) ; Mathematics ; Dosage form ; Compaction ; Chromatography ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Composite material ; Physics Polymer Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Tianyu Xu | Zhuo Jin
Source: Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (article, 2022-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

[Retracted] The Sale and Use of Used Clothing by Using IoT to Improve the Quality of Ready‐Made Clothing in the Apparel Industry Consumers, manufacturers, and retailers all over the world are becoming more conscious of the importance of high‐quality products at low prices. However, many garments go to waste, raising the cost of production. As assets are exhausting, item costs are rising. To ensure profitability, effective apparel waste management is required. Lessening such waste can be a productive choice for the two makers and purchasers. Considering this, a task is being embraced in the instant piece of clothing fabricating industry to further develop item quality using a traffic signal system. To lessen creation imperfection rates, a sale and use of used dress system was executed. As per the review, the typical deformity pace of a line for day‐to‐day eight‐hour creation was diminished from 4.13 to 1.25 pieces. Executing this system diminishes imperfection rates while expanding month‐to‐month creation. It obviously shows that the month‐to‐month limit prior to carrying out the sale and use system was comparable, yet the inadequate creation was higher, though after execution, the damaged creation was immaterial. Clothing ; Profitability index ; Quality (philosophy) ; Business ; Pace ; Task (project management) ; Production (economics) ; Flexibility (engineering) ; Computer science ; Commerce ; Operations management ; Marketing ; Economics ; Finance Textile materials and evaluations ; Fashion and Cultural Textiles ; Global trade, sustainability, and social impact
Authors: Václav Šafář | Hana Staňková | Jiří Pospíšil | Maria Budayová
Source: Inżynieria Mineralna (article, 2022-08-01)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

Investigation of Unexploded Aircraft Ammunition from WW2 in Connection with Construction Proceedings In the period 1939 – 1946, the territory of the Czech Republic was mapped for the purpose of renewing topographic maps of the territory of the Third Reich, and aerial reconnaissance (AR) of the CR territory was also carried out by the Allies. The AR was conducted in two directions. The first was to search for enemy targets, and the second was to verify the results of bombing these targets. Allied data indicated that up to 20% of the bombs did not explode. This unexploded aerial ammunition is to this day a threat to construction in the outskirts of towns and cities. This paper discusses the procedures for processing archival aerial photographs of bombed areas in the Czech Republic and the identification of unexploded ammunition on these images. Ammunition ; Unexploded ordnance ; Aeronautics ; Connection (principal bundle) ; Engineering ; Fuze ; Aerospace engineering ; Forensic engineering ; Mechanical engineering ; Geography ; Archaeology Engineering and Material Science Research
Authors: Honghong Li | Jinpeng Song | Yuhang Zhang | Hao Zhang | Lijuan Han | Kai Zhang | Xuesong Suo
Source: ITM Web of Conferences (article, 2022-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

NDT model study of crown pear based on near infrared spectroscopy With the growing area and production of pear, as well as the people for the fruit quality requirements are growing. The traditional methods for pear quality inspection are expensive and less accurate, and cannot be done for every pear. In response to the current production environment and market demand, a rapid and non-destructive method of pear quality testing is explored, using near infrared spectroscopy to establish the quality prediction model of crown pear. The main quality indicators for crown pears are soluble solids (SSC) and hardness, using NIR spectroscopy to establish a hardness prediction model and NIR spectroscopy to establish a soluble solids prediction model to build a spectral measurement system. The method was to measure pear spectral images in the NIR band (400nm to 1050nm). The spectra were pre-processed with multiple scattering correction (MSC) and standard normal variables exchange (SNV) to eliminate the influence of extraneous factors, and then downscaled by continuous projection algorithm (SPA) and principal component analysis (PCA) to extract the number of principal factors respectively. Partial Least Squares (PLS) was used to build the regression model and to predict the soluble solids (SSC) and hardness. The best model developed was a hardness prediction model by SNV + principal component analysis with a correlation coefficient of 0.64116 and a soluble solids prediction model by SNV + principal component analysis with a correlation coefficient of 0.73566. PEAR ; Principal component analysis ; Partial least squares regression ; Near-infrared spectroscopy ; Spectroscopy ; Correlation coefficient ; Biological system ; Principal component regression ; Coefficient of determination ; Quality (philosophy) ; Mathematics ; Statistics ; Computer science ; Optics ; Physics ; Biology Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Authors: Lenaïg G. Hemery | Kailan Mackereth | Levy G. Tugade
Source:  (review, 2022-03-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Triton Field Trials - Changes in Habitats, a Literature Review of Monitoring Technologies Marine energy devices are installed in highly dynamic environments and have the potential to affect benthic and pelagic habitats around them.Regulatory bodies often require baseline characterization and/or post-installation monitoring to determine whether changes in these habitats are being observed.However, a great diversity of technologies is available for surveying and sampling marine habitats.Selecting the most suitable instrument to identify and measure changes in habitats at marine energy sites can become a daunting task.We conducted a thorough review of journal articles, survey reports, and grey literature to extract information about the technologies used, the data collection and processing methods, and the performance and effectiveness of these instruments.We examined documents related to marine energy development, offshore wind farms, oil and gas offshore sites, and other marine industries around the world over the last 20 years, as well as national and international guidelines for surveying habitats around offshore activities.A total of 120 different technologies were identified across six main habitat categories: seafloor, sediment, infauna, epifauna, pelagic, and biofouling.The technologies were organized into 12 broad technology classes: acoustic, corer, dredge, grab, hook and line, net and trawl, plate, remote sensing, scrape samples, trap, visual, and others.Visual was the most common and the most diverse technology class, with applications across all six habitat categories.Sampling designs varied considerably among the reviewed studies but transect was the predominant design for surveying seafloor, epifauna, and pelagic habitats.The most common data analyses were univariate and multivariate statistical analyses aimed at calculating and comparing biodiversity indices, characterizing faunal assemblages or sediment classes, or modeling the distribution of animals related to abiotic parameters.Technologies and sampling methods adaptable and designed to work efficiently in energetic environments have greater success at marine energy sites.In addition, sampling designs and statistical analyses should be carefully thought through to identify differences in faunal assemblages and spatiotemporal changes in habitats. Field (mathematics) ; Habitat ; Environmental science ; Remote sensing ; Geography ; Ecology ; Biology ; Mathematics Diatoms and Algae Research ; Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation