jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Baofu Huang | Chuchu Liu | Guangman Xu
Source: Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Prospects for Synthetic Biology and Sustainable Utilization of &lt;i&gt;Torreya grandis&lt;/i&gt; This study summarized the molecular regulation and synthetic pathways of Torreya grandis in major metabolites such as sterols, amino acids and flavonoids. Through joint analysis of gene cloning, transcriptome and metabolome, it was found that some key genes play important roles in the synthesis and stress resistance of active components, and the regulatory potential of transcription factors in metabolic pathways was explored. The nutrient cycling and utilization of Torreya grandis at different forest ages were reviewed. It was expounded that precise nutrition management is crucial for the long-term stability and sustainable development of the forest stand. Combined with the methods of synthetic biology, the prospects and challenges of Torreya grandis in high-value utilization and the development of eco-friendly industries were proposed. This research aims to provide theoretical and technical support for the molecular breeding, functional component development and sustainable utilization of Torreya grandis . Synthetic biology ; Sustainable development ; Transcriptome ; Component (thermodynamics) ; Key (lock) ; Metabolic engineering Wood and Agarwood Research ; Microbial Metabolism and Applications ; Plant Gene Expression Analysis
Authors: David Paulsen
Source: Technobius physics. (article, 2025-12-20)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Electron hydrodynamics in ultra-clean conductors: from Dirac fluids in graphene to viscous metals This work examines the emerging field of electron hydrodynamics in ultra-clean conductors, where charge carriers behave collectively as a viscous fluid rather than as independent quasiparticles. The objective is to provide a unified perspective that connects theoretical frameworks with key experimental realizations in graphene, delafossite metals and topological semimetals. To this end, we performed a structured literature search across major databases and preprint servers, applied explicit inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify genuinely hydrodynamic studies, and carried out a comparative, narrative analysis of transport, thermal and imaging experiments. The collected evidence shows that hydrodynamic transport arises when electron–electron collisions dominate over momentum-relaxing processes and when device dimensions are comparable to characteristic scattering lengths. In this regime, experiments reveal geometry-dependent resistivity, negative nonlocal signals, super-ballistic conductance, strong violations of the Wiedemann–Franz law and, in some cases, Hall viscosity. Graphene provides the clearest realization of a relativistic Dirac fluid, while PdCoO₂ and WP₂ demonstrate that viscous electron flow also occurs in anisotropic and multi-band metals. This work highlights that boundaries, disorder and Fermi-surface geometry critically shape hydrodynamic signatures and must be incorporated into any quantitative interpretation. It identifies open issues concerning the roles of phonons and Umklapp processes, the reliable extraction of viscosity, and the extension of hydrodynamics to more complex correlated and topological phases. Finally, it outlines priorities for future “benchmark” experiments that combine nonlocal transport, thermal measurements and real-space imaging within the same devices. Graphene ; Dirac (video compression format) ; Electron ; Field (mathematics) ; Anisotropy ; Work (physics) ; Flow (mathematics) ; Scattering ; Phonon Graphene research and applications ; Advanced Physical and Chemical Molecular Interactions ; Thermal properties of materials
Authors: Audya Taqillah | Chairatul Umamah | Wilda Musyarrofah
Source: KUANTUM Jurnal Pembelajaran dan Sains Fisika (article, 2025-12-31)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Telaah Model Inti Sebagai Dasar Pemahaman Energi Ikat dan Stabilitas Atom penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara komprehensif berbagai model inti atom, mulai dari pendekatan klasik seperti model tetes cair (LDM) dan model cangkang (Shell Model), hingga pendekatan modern berbasis teori fungsional kerapatan (DFT) dan konsep geometri fraktal, dalam kaitannya dengan pemahaman energi ikat (NBE) dan stabilitas atom. LDM menganalogikan inti sebagai tetesan cairan, menghitung energi ikat melalui kontribusi makroskopik, dan berhasil menangkap trend NBE untuk inti sedang hingga berat. Shell model sukses memprediksi sifat inti stabil dan anga ajaib yang menandakan penutupan subshell nuklir. Penelitian ini berfokus pada analisis kekuatan dan keterbatasan tiap model dalam menjelaskan fenomena inti, terutama pada inti berat dan inti jauh dari garis stabilitas yang masih menimbulkan ketidakpastian teoritis maupun empiris. Penelitian ini menyimpukan bahwa tidak ada model inti tunggal yang universal yang memberikan akurasi konsisten diseluruh rentang massa atom. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengusulkan kerangka kerja model inti yang tersintesis dan terfundamental melalui evaluasi komparatif multidomain yang sistematis. Tujuannya adalah untuk menjembatani kesenjangan antara prediksi teoritis dengan data eksperimen (seperti dari FRIB atau CERN), memberikan panduan teoritis yang signifikan bagi penelitian fisika inti dimasa depan, serta menunjukkan relevansi praktis pemahaman stabilitas atom dalam mendukung aplikasi nuklir kontemporer Advanced Physical and Chemical Molecular Interactions ; Cancer and biochemical research ; Crystallography and Radiation Phenomena
Authors: Joseph A. Bauer | Annette M. Sysel | Michael Dunphy
Source: Anticancer Research (article, 2025-08-28)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Comparative Antitumor Efficacy and Toxicity Profile of SCC5, An Ag(I) <i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex, Relative to Platinum-based Chemotherapeutics SCC5 maintains broad-spectrum antiproliferative activity with markedly improved <i>in vivo</i> tolerability compared to platinum drugs. These findings support continued preclinical development of SCC5 as a novel silver-based chemotherapeutic. Platinum ; Toxicity ; Carbene ; Medicine ; Chemistry ; Pharmacology ; Stereochemistry ; Cancer research ; Internal medicine ; Biochemistry N-Heterocyclic Carbenes in Organic and Inorganic Chemistry ; Quinazolinone synthesis and applications ; Metal complexes synthesis and properties
Authors: Yue Song | Jian‐an Fang | Wen Zhang | Yijing Li | Ben Sun | Zhiwei Jia | Kun Huang | Heping Zeng
Source: Advanced Photonics Nexus (article, 2025-08-07)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Wide-field mid-infrared cavity-enhanced upconversion imaging Mid-infrared (MIR) spectral imaging enables precise target identification and analysis by capturing rich chemical fingerprints, which calls for high-sensitivity broadband MIR imagers at room temperature. Here, we devise and implement a continuous-wave pumping MIR upconversion imaging system based on external-cavity enhancement, which favors a large field of view, a low cavity loss, and a high spectral resolution. The involved optical cavity is constructed in an integrated fashion by utilizing one crystal facet as a cavity mirror, which allows a 43-fold power enhancement for the single-longitudinal-mode pump at 1064 nm. In combination with the chirped-poling crystal design, high-fidelity and wide-field spectral imaging mapping is permitted to facilitate an acceptance angle of up to 28.5 deg over a spectral coverage of 2.5 to 5 μm. Moreover, a thermal locking approach is used to stabilize the cavity at high-power operation, eliminating active feedback and ensuring long-term stability. A proof-of-principle demonstration is presented to showcase real-time observation of CO2 gas injection dynamics. The implemented MIR upconversion imager features wide-field operation, high detection sensitivity, and compact footprint, which would benefit subsequent applications, including environment monitoring, gas leakage inspection, and medical diagnostics. Photon upconversion ; Infrared ; Field (mathematics) ; Materials science ; Optics ; Optoelectronics ; Physics ; Doping Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Laser Design and Applications ; Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies
Authors: Cetin Aka | Aysun Akşit
Source: Journal of Applied Polymer Science (article, 2025-06-14)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Influence of Jet Formation Dynamics on Fiber Morphology in Electrospinning: An Advanced Image Processing Approach ABSTRACT This study investigates the effects of jet formation and dynamics on fiber morphology during the electrospinning process. Experiments were conducted using virgin PET (v‐PET) and recycled PET (r‐PET) to examine the influence of molecular weight, electric field intensity, polymer concentration, and solvent ratio on jet diameter, jet length, and fiber morphology. Image processing techniques were employed to analyze jet morphology and calculate the draw ratio. The results indicate that at the beginning of the scattering region, the jet undergoes Rayleigh instability, leading to segmentation and micro‐fibrillation, followed by further elongation and thinning to form nanofibers. A higher ratio was observed to increase bead formation in lower molecular weight polymers. Moreover, the findings demonstrate that v‐PET produces more stable and finer jets, whereas r‐PET exhibits greater resistance to electrostatic forces. ANOVA analyses revealed that electric field intensity (kV/cm) significantly affects the jet diameter (=0.034) and jet length (=0.012) in v‐PET, while no statistically significant difference was observed for r‐PET (&gt; 0.05). The optimization of the solvent system and electric field parameters is a critical factor in the electrospinning process. EDX analyses confirmed the absence of solvent residues in the fibers. Electrospinning ; Morphology (biology) ; Jet (fluid) ; Materials science ; Dynamics (music) ; Fiber ; Composite material ; Image processing ; Polymer science ; Chemical engineering ; Mechanics ; Image (mathematics) ; Polymer ; Physics ; Computer science ; Engineering ; Computer vision ; Geology ; Acoustics Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials ; Electrohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Connor Summerfield | Graham Pattison
Source: ChemRxiv (article, 2025-09-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Which halogen to choose? Comparing the effects of chlorine and fluorineas bioisosteric substituents in drug design The effects of fluorine and chlorine on pharmaceutical systems are compared using a Molecular Matched Pair Analysis. Effects on binding constants, physicochemical properties such as lipophilicity and solubility, as well as on metabolic properties will show the differences and similarities between the elements in a medicinal context. Factors such as the difference in electronegativity, polarizability, hydrogen-bond acceptor ability, as well as conformational effects are discussed to put the differences between the elements into context, using real case studies taken from the literature. Halogen ; Fluorine ; Chlorine ; Drug ; Combinatorial chemistry ; Drug-drug interaction ; Chemistry ; Computer science ; Pharmacology ; Organic chemistry ; Medicine Chemical Synthesis and Reactions ; Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects ; Synthesis and Reactions of Organic Compounds
Authors: Imen Aichouri | Djamel Nettour | Rachid Chaib | Nesrine Derrardjia | Cherif Gherbi | Salim Bensehamdi | Yousra Boukhamla
Source: Technology audit and production reserves (article, 2025-10-30)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Exhaustive characterization of marble to industrial applications: case of marble from the Filfila deposit (Skikda, northeast Algeria) The object of this research is deals with the Filfila marble deposit of all types. The examined area is situated in the Filfila massif, a significant section of the Kabyle basement, in the inner region of the Alpine range in northeastern Algeria. Given that it has been mined for many years, this massif is especially notable for the importance of its marble reserves. There are three primary types of marble found in this deposit: mignonette marble, which is prized for its exquisite green tones; gray marble, which has delicate subtleties; and white marble, which is highly sought after due to its extreme purity. Multi-scale petrographic techniques that integrate microscopic examinations with macroscopic observations (color, texture, and structure) form the basis of the methodology employed in this work. Under plane-polarized light, thin sections of 30 µm in thickness were created in the University of Annaba's geology lab. According to the results, the material had a uniformly large texture and was primarily composed of microcrystalline calcite. Carefully polished samples were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis in order to advance the investigation. SEM was able to disclose fine microstructural characteristics, such as crystal shape, microcracks, porosity, and the distribution of mineral phases, because of its nanometric resolution, which shows a high purity of white marble in addition to the main impurities of gray marble. The mechanical characteristics and durability of the marbles were illuminated by these observations, which allowed for the identification of notable variations among them, especially with regard to the density of discontinuities and the size of the crystal grains. By combining optical and electron microscopy techniques, this integrated approach made it possible to thoroughly characterize Filfila marble by exposing its physical characteristics and mineralogical composition. The results offer a solid scientific basis for possible industrial uses and are useful reference information for upcoming comparative geological studies. Petrography ; Massif ; Thin section ; Classification of discontinuities ; Quartz ; Texture (cosmology) ; Scanning electron microscope Clay minerals and soil interactions ; Geological and Geophysical Studies Worldwide ; Building materials and conservation
Authors: Manisara Phiriyawirut | Prin Wangtanapat | Apiwit Chanthanchumpunon | Ratchanon Phanchaweng
Source: Journal of Applied Research on Science and Technology (JARST) (article, 2025-06-18)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Electrospun PLA/PBS/MWCNT nanocomposite fibers for high-performance air filtration: A sustainable approach For the development of high-performance air filtration materials, electrospun polylactic acid (PLA)/polybutylene succinate (PBS) blend fibers, reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), were fabricated and subjected to comprehensive characterization. A PLA/PBS blend, at a 95/5 wt% ratio, was prepared through the dissolution of the constituent polymers in a dichloromethane/dimethylformamide mixture, using a 3:1 v/v ratio at a 17 wt% concentration. MWCNTs were introduced into the polymer solution, with dispersion facilitated by a Triton X-100 surfactant and ultrasonication, at concentrations ranging from 0 to 4 wt%. Electrospinning was performed under optimized conditions, specifically an applied voltage of 16 kV and a tip-to-collector distance of 18 cm. Upon the incorporation of MWCNTs, minor alterations to fiber morphology were observed, including a slight increase in fiber diameter and an enhancement in the uniformity of surface pore distribution. Thermal properties were analyzed, revealing a trend of decreasing glass transition temperature, melting temperature, and thermal stability as the MWCNT content increased. Mechanical properties were evaluated, with improvements in tensile strength and Young's modulus documented with increasing MWCNT content. Filtration efficiency was assessed, and significant enhancements were achieved, with performance comparable to N95 masks (98-99%) recorded. Notably, a reduction in pressure drop across the filters was observed with increasing MWCNT content, indicating improved breathability. The potential of these biodegradable and environmentally sustainable nanocomposite fibers as an alternative to conventional filtration materials, addressing the growing concerns surrounding air pollution, is demonstrated by these results. This study highlights the feasibility of employing biopolymers and carbon nanomaterials for a more sustainable approach to air filtration, offering a viable solution for developing advanced, eco-friendly filtration technologies. Materials science ; Composite material ; Nanocomposite ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Thermal stability ; Carbon nanotube ; Nanofiber ; Polylactic acid ; Filtration (mathematics) ; Electrospinning ; Chemical engineering ; Polymer Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials ; Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Riski Dwimalida Putri | Atia Balkis
Source: Jurnal Kimia Riset (article, 2025-12-12)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Isolation and Screening of the Enzymatic Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria from VCO Oil Cake Virgin coconut oil (VCO) has various health benefits. In the VCO production process using fermentation, a by-product is produced as a solid called oil cake. In this study, lactic acid bacteria were isolated from oil cake VCO, characterized and tested for antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. Screening of enzymatic activity was also carried out as amylolytic, proteolytic, and lipolytic activities. From the study, four isolates were obtained, namely BL1, BL2, BL3, and BL4. The isolates have the characteristics of lactic acid bacteria in the form of circular colonies, white and milky white, gram-positive and do not have catalase activity. Based on observations, it is suspected that the bacterial isolates belong to the Lactobacillaceae and Streptococcaceae families. Four isolates have moderate antibacterial activity against S. aureus. The largest inhibition zone owned by isolate BL1 about 9.5 mm in diameters. Four isolates have antibacterial activity against E. coli with a weak category. The enzymatic potential test shows that isolate BL 1 has amylase and protease enzyme activity, while isolates BL2 and BL3 only have amylase enzyme activity. Bacteria ; Lactic acid ; Enzyme ; Amylase ; Antimicrobial ; Streptococcaceae ; Isolation (microbiology) ; Lactobacillaceae Coconut Research and Applications ; Food Chemistry and Fat Analysis ; Biochemical and biochemical processes
Authors: Hongwei Zhu
Source: Low-Dimensional Materials (article, 2025-06-24)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Charting New Frontiers in Low-Dimensional Materials The 21st century has witnessed a paradigm shift in materials science with the rise of low-dimensional materials—a class of substances whose physical properties are profoundly shaped by reduced dimensionality. Beginning with the groundbreaking isolation of monolayer graphene in 2004, low-dimensional systems have grown to encompass an extraordinary variety of 2D materials (such as transition metal dichalcogenides, hexagonal boron nitride, and MXenes), 1D nanostructures (nanowires, nanotubes), and 0D quantum dots. These systems not only defy classical bulk behaviors but also present unprecedented opportunities for innovation in areas ranging from quantum information and neuromorphic computing to energy harvesting, biosensing, and next-generation optoelectronics. Variety (cybernetics) ; Monolayer ; Graphene ; Neuromorphic engineering ; Quantum ; Quantum dot 2D Materials and Applications ; Graphene research and applications ; MXene and MAX Phase Materials
Authors: Jinpeng Gong | Yuhan Zhang | Jie Tao | Tao Huang | Yupeng Ma | Hao Chen | Jing Gan | Junbo Ge
Source: Frontiers in Nutrition (article, 2025-12-18)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Synergistic therapy for osteoporosis: a soybean osteogenic peptide-loaded fish gelatin/κ-carrageenan gel for enhanced bone regeneration Osteoporosis is a widespread skeletal disorder associated with reduced bone formation and increased fracture risk. Peptide-based therapeutics offer demonstrate anabolic potential for osteoporosis management but are limited by instability and rapid clearance. In this study, a dual-network hydrogel composed of fish gelatin (FG) and κ-carrageenan (κ-CG) was developed as a biocompatible carrier for a soybean-derived osteogenic peptide (SOP). The FG/κ-CG system exhibited provided mechanical integrity, hydration balance, and thermal stability, thereby enabling sustained peptide protection and controlled release. In a glucocorticoid-induced zebrafish osteoporosis model, oral administration of the SOP-loaded gel effectively restored bone mineralization to a level comparable with alendronate treatment. These findings suggest that the FG/κ-CG-SOP hydrogel provides a stable and bioactive platform for osteogenic peptide delivery and represents a promising nutritional or therapeutic approach for osteoporosis management. Osteoporosis ; Gelatin ; Zebrafish ; Peptide ; Anabolism ; Biocompatible material ; Mineralization (soil science) ; Osteoblast ; Teriparatide Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials ; Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds ; Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
Authors: Luyuan Gong | Chengtao Yan | Lizhong Mu
Source: New Journal of Chemistry (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Acceleration characteristics of a macroscopic contact line induced by interactions of a liquid film with micro spheres It has been reported that a rapid acceleration of a macroscopic contact line (MCL) during droplet spreading is induced by particles deposited on a hydrophilic surface. Chemistry ; Acceleration ; SPHERES ; Line (geometry) ; Mechanics ; Nanotechnology ; Classical mechanics ; Aerospace engineering ; Geometry ; Physics Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity ; Adhesion, Friction, and Surface Interactions ; Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer
Authors: Donghee Kim | Seok Joon Hwang | Jiwon Ryu | Jun-Chan Choi | Woojin Kim | Hoon Yeub Jeong | Phillip Lee | Seungjun Chung
Source: npj Flexible Electronics (article, 2025-12-17)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Strain-invariant frequency-selective metasurface for electromagnetic interference shielding in wearable electronics The rapid expansion of wireless communication and data transmission has resulted in highly saturated electromagnetic (EM) environments, where undesired electromagnetic interference (EMI) can compromise signal integrity and lead to malfunctions in electronic systems. However, conventional EMI shielding materials typically attenuate broadband frequencies without selectivity, rendering them incompatible with wireless communication technologies. Moreover, their limited mechanical robustness restricts their applicability in wearable platforms. This study introduces a wearable metasurface-based EMI shielding material that enables selective transmission at 2.4 GHz with simultaneous broadband EMI attenuation across untargeted frequencies. To ensure reliable electromagnetic performance under mechanical deformation, a strain-controlling layer was incorporated to preserve the geometry of the metasurface unit cells. The resulting metasurface maintained consistent frequency-selective transmission at 2.4 GHz and effective EMI shielding under biaxial strain. These findings demonstrate a viable strategy for developing next-generation EMI shielding materials for deformable, wearable, and textile electronic systems through the integration of functional metasurfaces. EMI ; Electromagnetic interference ; Electromagnetic shielding ; Electromagnetic compatibility ; Broadband ; Wireless ; Wearable computer ; Electronics ; Attenuation ; Robustness (evolution) Electromagnetic wave absorption materials ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Antenna Design and Analysis