jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Luming Yang | Tomas Orlando | Marina Bennati
Source: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters (article, 2025-04-28)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Halogen-Bond-Mediated <sup>13</sup>C Overhauser Dynamic Nuclear Polarization at 9.4 T Overhauser dynamic nuclear polarization (OE-DNP) is capable of enhancing solution <sup>13</sup>C NMR signals of analytes by 1-2 orders of magnitude through spin polarization transfer from paramagnetic polarizing agents, usually nitroxide radicals, at magnetic fields relevant for high-resolution NMR spectroscopy (≳9 T). While some halogen atoms have been revealed to mediate OE-DNP on adjacent <sup>13</sup>C, methods of promoting OE-DNP through halogen bond (XB) design were not well-understood. Here we investigate OE-DNP of selected halogenated compounds by tuning their XB strengths to the nitroxide radicals through molecular design. Up to 10-fold boosts in OE-DNP enhancements were achieved by increasing the analyte XB donor strength in selected iodinated and brominated derivatives. Furthermore, we observed strong correlation between OE-DNP performance and XB properties for compounds sharing similar XB binding sites. Our results suggest new possibilities for designing hyperpolarized probes and labels for biosensors and the study of biomolecular processes. Halogen ; Nuclear Overhauser effect ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Chemistry ; Crystallography ; Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; Stereochemistry ; Physical chemistry ; Organic chemistry Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications ; Inorganic Fluorides and Related Compounds ; Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
Authors: Suravi Islam | Tatsuya Dode | Soma Kawashima | Myu Fukuoka | Takaaki Tsuruoka | Koji Nagahama
Source: Gels (article, 2025-07-02)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

MOFs—Combining Fully Synthetic Injectable Hydrogel Scaffolds Exhibiting Higher Skeletal Muscle Regenerative Efficiency than Matrigel Due to its sarcoma-derived origin and the associated carcinogenic risks, as well as its lack of tissue-specific extracellular matrix biochemical cues, the use of the injectable gel scaffold Matrigel is generally restricted to research applications. Therefore, the development of new fully synthetic injectable gel scaffolds that exhibit performance comparable to Matrigel is a high priority. In this study, we developed a novel fully synthetic injectable gel scaffold by combining a biodegradable PLGA-PEG-PLGA copolymer, clay nanoparticle LAPONITE®, and L-arginine-loaded metal-organic frameworks (NU-1000) at the nano level. An aqueous solution of the developed hybrid scaffold (PLGA-PEG-PLGA/LAPONITE®/L-Arg@NU-1000) exhibited rapid sol-gel transition at body temperature following simple injection and formed a continuous bulk-sized gel, demonstrating good injectability. Long-term sustained slow release of L-arginine from the resultant gels can be achieved because NU-1000 is a suitable reservoir for L-arginine. PLGA-PEG-PLGA/LAPONITE®/L-Arg@NU-1000 hybrid gels exhibited good compatibility with and promoted the growth of human skeletal muscle satellite cells. Importantly, in vivo experiments using skeletal muscle injury model mice demonstrated that the tissue regeneration efficiency of PLGA-PEG-PLGA/LAPONITE®/L-Arg@NU-1000 gels is higher than that of Matrigel. Specifically, we judged the higher tissue regeneration efficacy of our gels by histological analysis, including MYH3 immunofluorescent staining, H&E staining, and Masson's trichrome staining. Taken together, these data suggest that novel hybrid hydrogels could serve as injectable hydrogel scaffolds for in vivo tissue engineering and ultimately replace Matrigel. Matrigel ; Regenerative medicine ; Materials science ; Tissue engineering ; Skeletal muscle ; Scaffold ; Nanotechnology ; Self-healing hydrogels ; Regeneration (biology) ; Biomedical engineering ; Chemistry ; Cell biology ; Anatomy ; Biochemistry ; Cell ; Biology ; Polymer chemistry ; Medicine Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials ; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Mazin Mohd Qasim Mogdad | Azhar Abdul Rahman | Naser Ahmed | Suvindraj Rajamanickam | M.A. Almessiere
Source: Heliyon (article, 2025-01-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Fabrication and performance analysis of ZnO/Ge/porous Si photodetectors for near-infrared detection This paper reports on the fabrication of zinc oxide (ZnO)/germanium nanoparticles (Ge NPs)/porous silicon (PSi) photodetector for near-infrared (NIR) detection. Ge NPs are synthesized via pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) followed by spray coating onto the porous Si substrate and subsequent deposition of a ZnO layer. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) confirms the presence of Ge NPs, along with the formation of Ge microwires and a mesh-like Ge pattern on the porous Si surface, attributed to Ge NP supersaturation during spray coating. Ge NPs act as a source of photogenerated electrons, transferring them to the ZnO layer. Additionally, the Ge microwire network facilitates barrier-dominated conduction, further contributing to the generation and transfer of photogenerated electrons. The device achieves its best performance at a bias voltage of 6 V under illumination with 805 nm light, a light intensity of 1.44 mW cm<sup>2</sup>, and a switching frequency of 6.5 Hz and responsivity of 0.16 A W⁻<sup>1</sup>. Photodetector ; Fabrication ; Materials science ; Infrared ; Germanium ; Optoelectronics ; Porosity ; Near-infrared spectroscopy ; Nanotechnology ; Silicon ; Optics ; Composite material ; Physics ZnO doping and properties ; Ga2O3 and related materials ; Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors
Authors: Lewis E. MacKenzie | Peter Kirton
Source: Nanoscale Horizons (review, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Superfluorescent upconversion nanoparticles as an emerging second generation quantum technology material Superfluorescence (SF) in lanthanide doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) is a room-temperature quantum phenomenon, first discovered in 2022. In a SF process, the many emissive lanthanide ions within a single UCNP are coherently coupled by an ultra-short (ns or fs) high-power excitation laser pulse. This leads to a superposition of excited emissive states which decrease the emissive lifetime of the UCNP by a factor proportional to the square of the number of lanthanide ions which are coherently coupled. This results in a dramatic decrease in UCNP emission lifetime from the μs regime to the ns regime. Thus SF offers a tantalizing prospect to achieving superior upconversion photon flux in upconversion materials, with potential applications such as imaging and sensing. This perspective article contextualizes how SF-UCNPs can be regarded as a second generation quantum technology, and notes several challenges, opportunities, and open questions for the development of SF-UCNPs. Photon upconversion ; Nanoparticle ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Quantum dot ; Quantum ; Optoelectronics ; Physics ; Doping ; Quantum mechanics Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials ; Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies ; Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics
Authors: Chiara E. Giossi | Marie A. Wünsch | Oliver Dautermann | Alexander F. Schober | Jochen Buck | Peter G. Kroth | Martin Lohr | Bernard Lepetit
Source: PLANT PHYSIOLOGY (article, 2025-08-22)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Both major xanthophyll cycles present in nature promote nonphotochemical quenching in a model diatom Xanthophyll cycling contributes to photoprotection by regulating nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ), a form of excess energy dissipation through heat. While most photosynthetic eukaryotes (including land plants) use the violaxanthin cycle, some algae like diatoms and haptophytes rely on the diadinoxanthin cycle for photoprotection. These algae also contain minor amounts of violaxanthin cycle pigments, thought to serve only as the precursors of other major xanthophylls. Both cycles are catalyzed by the enzymes violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) and zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP). Here, we characterized the role of VDE and of the ZEP paralogs ZEP2 and ZEP3 in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. We generated knockout lines for each gene and treated exponentially growing mutants and wild type with periodic high-light stress. As knockouts of VDE and ZEP3 were significantly impaired in the diadinoxanthin cycle, we concluded that VDE and ZEP3 are the main regulators of the diadinoxanthin cycle in this diatom. Strikingly, under light stress, ZEP2 knockouts mainly accumulated pigments of the violaxanthin cycle instead of the diadinoxanthin cycle, but still displayed the same NPQ capacity as the wild type. We conclude that both major xanthophyll cycles present in nature can contribute to NPQ with comparable efficiency within the same diatom species, offering perspective on the evolution of xanthophyll-mediated photoprotection. Xanthophyll ; Diatom ; Quenching (fluorescence) ; Photochemistry ; Non-photochemical quenching ; Chemistry ; Astrobiology ; Environmental science ; Biophysics ; Botany ; Physics ; Biology ; Photosynthesis ; Optics ; Biochemistry ; Fluorescence Diatoms and Algae Research ; Marine and coastal ecosystems ; Algal biology and biofuel production
Authors: Dongna Li | Shanshan Liu | Qiang Wang | Xiaojun Ma | Jianing Li
Source: Fermentation (article, 2025-09-29)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Integrated Pretreatment and Microbial Matching for PHA Production from Lignocellulosic Agro-Forestry Residues Lignocellulosic agro-forestry residues (LARs), such as rice straw, sugarcane bagasse, and wood wastes, are abundant and low-cost feedstocks for polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) bioplastics. However, their complex cellulose–hemicellulose–lignin matrix requires integrated valorization strategies. This review presents a dual-framework approach: “pretreatment–co-substrate compatibility” and “pretreatment–microbial platform matching”, to align advanced pretreatment methods (including deacetylation–microwave integration, deep eutectic solvents, and non-sterilized lignin recovery) with engineered or extremophilic microbial hosts. A “metabolic interaction” perspective on co-substrate fermentation, encompassing dynamic carbon flux allocation, synthetic consortia cooperation, and one-pot process coupling, is used to elevate PHA titers and tailor copolymer composition. In addition, we synthesize comprehensive kinetic analyses from the literature that elucidate microbial growth, substrate consumption, and dynamic carbon flux allocation under feast–famine conditions, thereby informing process optimization and scalability. Microbial platforms are reclassified as broad-substrate, process-compatible, or product-customized categories to emphasize adaptive evolution, CRISPR-guided precision design, and consortia engineering. Finally, next-generation techno-economic analyses, embracing multi-product integration, regional adaptation, and carbon-efficiency metrics, are surveyed to chart viable paths for scaling LAR-to-PHA into circular bioeconomy manufacturing. Process integration ; Lignin ; Process (computing) ; Eutectic system ; Biorefinery ; Carbon flux ; Production (economics) ; Flux (metallurgy) ; Carbon fibers biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties ; Biofuel production and bioconversion ; Extraction and Separation Processes
Authors: Xiaochen Zhang | Haozhe Sun | Yuan Li | Jianhua Hao | Qinghua Liang | Yongyue Zhang | Yang Wang | Xiaowei Li | Xinping Zhang | He Ma | Jiafang Li
Source: Nanophotonics (article, 2025-01-17)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Tunable structural colors based on grayscale lithography and conformal coating of VO <sub>2</sub> Structural colors generated by optical micro-/nanostructures offer a notable advantage over traditional chemical pigments, including higher purity, greater brightness, resistance to fading, and enhanced environmental friendliness. However, achieving dynamically switchable color displays with high performances and without resorting to complex nanofabrication methods remain a challenge. Here, we present a simple method using grayscale lithography and conformal coating to create Salisbury screen (SS) cavities with variable resonant wavelengths, enabling the formation of tunable colorful patterns. The dynamic color display is achieved through the phase change of vanadium dioxide (VO<sub>2</sub>) nanostructures under electrothermal effects. At a low actuation voltage of 1.4 V, high performances of color switching such as high sensitivity, fast speed, high repeatability, and wide-view angle are achieved. The tunable structural colors, featuring a simple preparation process and high-speed switching, represent a promising alternative for applications such as thermal sensors, security information encryption, and dynamic full-color displays. Grayscale ; Materials science ; Conformal coating ; Nanomaterials ; Lithography ; Nanoscopic scale ; Coating ; Conformal map ; Nanotechnology ; Optoelectronics ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Image (mathematics) ; Mathematics ; Geometry Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials ; Color Science and Applications ; Pigment Synthesis and Properties
Authors: Juan Shao | Yongxin Chang | Hao Wang | Haijuan Qin | Qiongya Li | Ting Yang | Mingliang Tang | Guoxiong Wang | Shuai Chen | Guangyan Qing
Source: Small (article, 2025-06-04)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Halide Ion‐Modulated Chiral Synergy in Co‐Assembled AIEgen‐CNC Composites for Circularly Polarized Luminescence Pursuing innovative modulation strategies and high asymmetry factors (g<sub>lum</sub>) remains a cornerstone in developing circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials. Conventional approaches employ either bottom-up chiral small molecule self-assembly or top-down co-assembly of achiral luminophores with supramolecular chiral templates (e.g., cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), liquid crystals). These templates act as pre-engineered "molds" to align achiral emitters within chiral matrices. However, co-assembling chiral small molecules with such templates remains underexplored, challenged by complex protocols and limited assembly control, raising fundamental questions about supramolecular chiral interplay. Herein, we elucidate the co-assembly and interplay between chiral aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecules (PN-Phe halides) and CNCs. Halide ions (F<sup>-</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup>, Br<sup>-</sup>, and PF<sub>6</sub> <sup>-</sup>) profoundly modulate PN-Phe self-assembly, dictating distinct morphologies, packing, chiroptical signals, fluorescent quantum yields (QY), and lifetimes. PN-Phe-Cl<sup>-</sup> exhibits the highest g<sub>lum</sub> (-4.1 × 10<sup>-3</sup>), versus PN-Phe-Br<sup>-</sup> (-2.8 × 10<sup>-3</sup>). Strikingly, co-assembly into CNC-PVA-PN-Phe-X- (CPP-X-) composite films reverse this trend: CPP-Cl<sup>-</sup> achieves an exceptional g<sub>lum</sub> of -0.43, contrasting sharply with CPP-Cl<sup>-</sup> (-3.1 × 10<sup>-2</sup>). The multiple color variations and potential application in anti-counterfeiting demonstrate the advantages of this co-assembly strategy. This work highlights the significant role of assembly patterns in constructing advanced CPL materials, revealing that halide ions could serve as effective modulators for CPL. Luminescence ; Template ; Halide ; Supramolecular chemistry ; Molecule ; Self-assembly ; Materials science ; Nanocrystal ; Ion ; Crystallography ; Supramolecular assembly ; Chirality (physics) ; Nanotechnology ; Stereochemistry ; Chemistry ; Optoelectronics ; Organic chemistry ; Physics Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials ; Synthesis and Properties of Aromatic Compounds ; Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection
Authors: Sogand Abedi | A. Mohajeri | Soheila Zamanlui Benisi | Mohamad Pezeshki‐Modaress | Salar Mohammadi Shabestari
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-10-23)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Three-dimensional nanofibrous PCL/gelatin scaffold fabricated using centrifugal force assisted wet electrospinning technique A three-dimensional (3D) scaffold that enables optimal cell-matrix interactions is essential for developing physiologically relevant neural tissue models. In this study, wet electrospinning was optimized to fabricate nanofibrous PCL/gelatin scaffolds with a well-controlled 3D architecture, using centrifugal force to tune scaffold morphology, porosity, and mechanical properties. The effects of centrifugal force intensity (5000 vs. 10,000 rpm) and application time (5 vs. 10 min) were systematically investigated. Scaffolds fabricated at 5000 rpm exhibited poor structural integrity and were excluded from further analysis. Among scaffolds produced at 10,000 rpm, blends of PCL/gelatin at 70:30 and 60:40 demonstrated excellent porosity (98.1 ± 1.9% and 97.3 ± 1.1%, respectively) and favorable fiber architecture. The 70:30-10 min scaffold achieved the highest tensile strength (57.03 ± 1.50 kPa) and modulus (53.00 ± 2.00 kPa), aligning with the physiological range of neural tissues. MTT assays confirmed robust biocompatibility, with C6 glial cell viability increasing by + 4.30% on the 70:30-10 min scaffold and + 5.88% on the 60:40-10 min scaffold over 14 days. Although the 70:30-5 min scaffold showed the highest proliferation (+ 12.16%), the 10-min variant was selected for detailed morphological evaluation due to its superior mechanical performance and structural uniformity. DAPI and H&E staining further validated the enhanced cell aggregation, ECM deposition, and neural-like morphology within the 70:30-10 min scaffold. These results collectively highlight the critical role of scaffold composition and processing parameters in engineering 3D neural tissue scaffolds, with the optimized 70:30-10 min scaffold emerging as a promising candidate for advanced neural tissue engineering applications. Scaffold ; Electrospinning ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Tissue engineering ; Neural tissue engineering ; Nanofiber ; Viability assay ; Porosity Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine ; Nerve injury and regeneration
Authors: Aslam Hossain | Zhengyou Li | Alexander V. Soldatov | A. K. M. Atique Ullah
Source: Energy & environment materials (article, 2025-04-10)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Exploring Novel Engineering Strategy to Tune Hydrogen Evolution by Lattice Impacted Carbon‐Supported Rock Salt‐Type <scp>NiCo<sub>2</sub></scp>(O,F)<sub>3</sub> Nanorods This study explores a novel strategy to enhance the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity of carbon‐supported rock salt‐type NiCo 2 (O,F) 3 nanorods through lattice modifications induced by fluorine and excess amorphous carbon. X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure (XANES) analysis confirmed that Co and Ni predominantly exist in the +2 oxidation state, whereas extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis revealed shortened Co–O and Co–Co bond lengths, indicating lattice distortions. Rietveld refinement and electron microscopy confirmed the formation of a homogeneous solid solution (NixCo 2‐x (O,F) 3 ) rather than a simple CoO/NiO composite. The optimized material (AH‐2) exhibited the lowest overpotential (145 mV at 10 mA cm −1 ) and the smallest Tafel slope (98 mV dec −1 ), attributed to its balanced phase composition, enhanced electronic conductivity, and synergistic effects of carbon and fluorine incorporation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed improved charge transfer efficiency, correlating with enhanced catalytic activity. These findings provide critical insights into the tunability of transition metal oxide catalysts via controlled lattice modifications, offering a promising avenue for developing cost‐effective and efficient electrocatalysts for sustainable hydrogen production. Nanorod ; Salt (chemistry) ; Hydrogen ; Lattice (music) ; Materials science ; Carbon fibers ; Nanotechnology ; Chemical engineering ; Chemistry ; Engineering ; Physics ; Composite material ; Physical chemistry Catalytic Processes in Materials Science ; Copper-based nanomaterials and applications ; ZnO doping and properties
Authors: Dong‐Hwan Kim | Sang‐Hyun Sohn | Il‐Kyu Park
Source: Journal of the American Ceramic Society (article, 2025-06-05)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Cu <sub>2</sub> O/CuO heterojunction microplates for enhancement of photocatalytic efficiency Abstract Efficient photocatalysts for removing organic pollutants have attracted significant attention due to their crucial role in addressing environmental and energy challenges. Developing advanced and nontoxic photocatalytic materials with high efficiency under visible light is critical for realizing their full potential in these applications. To address these problems, we synthesized environmentally friendly photocatalytic materials based on low‐cost and nontoxic copper (Cu) oxide microplates to decompose organic pollutants efficiently. The chemically synthesized Cu microplates were controllably oxidized to construct various copper oxide microplate structures. As the oxidation temperature increased from 220 to 330°C, the Cu microplates were transformed and evolved through the sequence Cu 2 O, Cu 2 O/CuO, and CuO phases, respectively. At the temperature range between 270 and 300°C, the microplate with Cu 2 O/CuO heterojunction was formed as a core–shell structure due to the diffusion‐controlled oxidation process. The formation mechanism of the heterostructured Cu oxide microplates is proposed based on the thermal, chemical, and structural investigations. The Cu 2 O/CuO heterojunction formed at 300°C exhibited the most efficient photocatalytic efficiency, achieving a 40% decomposition within 4 h in dissolving a representative organic dye‐based pollutant, methylene blue. This optimal pollutant degradation is attributed to the heterojunction structure of Cu 2 O/CuO, which inhibited electron–hole pair recombination and provided increased active sites for photocatalytic reactions. Therefore, the heterostructured microplates provided superior catalytic efficiency under visible light while being nontoxic and environmentally sustainable. Photocatalysis ; Heterojunction ; Oxide ; Materials science ; Copper oxide ; Chemical engineering ; Visible spectrum ; Copper ; Catalysis ; Dissolution ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Optoelectronics ; Organic chemistry Copper-based nanomaterials and applications ; Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques ; ZnO doping and properties