jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Xingye Yang | Tao Jiang | Lina Rohrer | Jonas Biechteler | Andreas Tittl
Source: npj Nanophotonics (article, 2026-04-13)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Polarization-independent dielectric gradient near-perfect absorbers for aqueous mid-infrared molecular sensing Abstract Mid-infrared molecular sensing offers molecule-specific vibrational fingerprints, yet practical implementation with nanophotonic platforms is challenged by system complexity and strong signal damping in aqueous environments. Dielectric metasurfaces overcome ohmic losses and local heating constraints of metallic resonators and can support high-quality-factor resonances with spectral selectivity, suitable for image-based spectrometer-less sensing. However, their spatially extended near-fields typically render them susceptible to environmental absorption, preventing operation in water. We demonstrate a compact dielectric perfect-absorber metasurface combining C 4 -symmetric quasi-bound states in the continuum (qBICs) with a dual-gradient architecture. The C 4 -symmetric unit cells ensure polarization-independent resonances, enabling efficient utilization of incident light under arbitrary polarization states. The gradient architecture independently controls radiative loss and resonance wavelength, allowing distinct coupling regimes within one metasurface while achieving high absorbance (&gt;0.8). We demonstrate poly(methyl methacrylate) sensing in air with ~20% absorbance envelope modulation under arbitrary polarization. Furthermore, we introduce a sensing configuration utilizing a 700 nm residual thin-water film that preserves qBIC (absorbance ~0.5) near the prominent water absorption peak. This enables the first demonstration of dielectric metasurface-based mid-infrared molecular sensing under a water background, achieving &gt;30% absorbance envelope modulation. This platform extends the utility of dielectric metasurfaces to aqueous environments and supports versatile, spectrometer-less sensing schemes. Absorbance ; Dielectric ; Aqueous solution ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Radiative transfer ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Nanophotonics Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies
Authors: Haiqi Li | Shuang Lyu | Xiaofang Li | Yuanhang Xia | Kejia Liu | Yuxin Sun | Minglong Wang | Jinxuan Cheng | Wenxuan Wang | Dongyi Shen | Huajian Wu | Chen Chen | Qian Zhang | Yue Chen
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2026-03-25)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Chemical bonding manipulation unlocks high performance ionic-bonded thermoelectrics Developing a strategy to enhance the thermoelectric performance of ionic semiconductors is challenging because of the pronounced electron localization inherent to the bonding nature. Herein, we demonstrate a bond manipulation approach in ionic-bonded compound MnTe achieved by the introduction of diverse atomic species, which effectively delocalizes electrons and modifies phase composition, leading to a comprehensive optimization in thermoelectric performance. As a result, we realize a peak zT value of ~1.6 at 773 K and an average zT value of ~0.9 from 300 K to 773 K. In addition, this chemical bonding engineering induces bond softening and forms multiscale hierarchical structures, resulting in a significant reduction in lattice thermal conductivity. Consequently, the segmented module fabricated from this p-type MnTe-based material achieves a thermoelectric conversion efficiency of 11% at a temperature difference ∆T = 473 K. Our findings establish bond engineering as an effective paradigm for enhancing the thermoelectric performance of ionic compounds. Thermoelectric materials ; Chemical bond ; Thermoelectric effect ; Fabrication Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices ; Machine Learning in Materials Science
Authors: Dong Xu | Chao Guo | W Li | Yi Ding | Kai Gao | Wei Zhang | Meina Zhao | Xing-Ru Tao | Jing-Wen Wang
Source: Journal of Nanobiotechnology (article, 2026-02-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Research advances and future perspectives of nanomaterials for depression therapy: a scientometric review Based on the results of the scientometric analysis, this study discusses the diagnosis, treatment, and current limitations of nanomaterials for depression therapy. This review will inspire novel ideas for the development of nanomaterials with applications in depression therapy. Depression (economics) ; Nanomaterials ; MEDLINE Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications ; Cancer Research and Treatment
Authors: Nirmala Shinde | Vrushali P Patole | Manoj Ramesh Kumbhare | Harsha Narkhede | Ashwini T Satalkar | Anushka V. Thube | Sachin K. Bhosale
Source: Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (article, 2026-01-30)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Exploring hydantoin frameworks: synthetic approaches and therapeutic potential Abstract Background Since its first synthesis in the nineteenth century, hydantoin has emerged as a vital scaffold in drug development, especially for anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory agents. Phenytoin, a well-known hydantoin derivative, remains a cornerstone in epilepsy treatment due to its modulation of voltage-gated sodium channels. Beyond this, hydantoin derivatives exhibit diverse biological activities, including anticancer, immunomodulatory, and antimicrobial properties. Synthetic versatility and a broad bioactive profile enhance their pharmaceutical significance. Objective The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive insights on hydantoin derivatives, highlighting their pharmacological potential, structural diversity, and synthetic approaches. It also explores how substitution patterns and stereochemistry influence their biological activity. Materials and Methods Hydantoin derivatives can be synthesized through conventional methods and advanced techniques, such as microwave-assisted synthesis. Their anticonvulsant properties are typically evaluated using both in vitro and in vivo models. Common in vivo screening includes intraperitoneal administration in maximal electroshock (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazol (scPTZ)-induced seizure models. Results Studies show that substitution at key positions on the hydantoin ring significantly affects biological activity. Microwave-assisted synthesis often yields more potent derivatives. Some compounds also exhibit anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, broadening their therapeutic potential. Conclusion Hydantoin derivatives exhibit significant pharmacological potential, driven by their structural versatility and diverse substitution patterns. Enhanced synthetic approaches, such as microwave-assisted methods, improve yield and bioactivity. Their broad spectrum of action, particularly in anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer domains, underscores their continued relevance in drug development. Graphical Abstract Hydantoin ; In vivo ; Drug ; Anticonvulsant ; Biological activity ; Broad spectrum ; Drug discovery ; Pentylenetetrazol Multicomponent Synthesis of Heterocycles ; Supramolecular Chemistry and Complexes ; Synthesis and biological activity
Authors: Naile Angın
Source: Journal of Innovative Science and Engineering (JISE) (article, 2026-04-11)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Thermal and Water Uptake Behavior of Copernicia prunifera Leaf Extract/PEG-Loaded Cellulose Acetate Polymers derived from lignocellulosic sources have gained increasing attention in recent years due to their environmental sustainability, biocompatibility, and renewability. In this study, thermal properties and water uptake behavior of cellulose acetate loaded with PEG1500 and Copernicia prunifera leaf extract were investigated. A twin-screw extruder and hot press moulding was used in the manufacturing process. An ATR-FTIR analysis was performed to identify the functional groups within the structure and to assess possible chemical changes. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses were performed to determine the material’s thermal properties. Subsequently, water uptake test was performed. The FTIR analysis results showed the characteristic peaks of the raw materials as expected, and no new functional groups were formed among the components. TGA results revealed that adding PEG1500 decreased the onset temperature of thermal degradation, whereas adding extract increased it by 20–30 °C. Similar behaviour was also observed in the DSC analysis, the glass transition temperature of composites increased by 5–10 °C with the addition of the extract. Additionally, its wax-like structure strengthened the hydrophobic character of the matrix by reducing its water uptake capacity. The water uptake rate of PEG-loaded cellulose acetate (w/w;10/90) decreased by 6% with the extract (5%) addition. The findings indicate that Copernicia prunifera leaf extract compensated for the negative properties of PEG1500 and was found to be suitable for use together in a cellulose acetate matrix. Using natural and biodegradable ingredients in composite systems can create an eco-friendly alternative to plastic, reducing the ecological footprint and supporting the circular economy. Thermogravimetric analysis ; Cellulose acetate ; Differential scanning calorimetry ; Cellulose ; Thermal analysis ; Glass transition ; Composite number ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Advanced Cellulose Research Studies ; Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging
Authors: Ningning Liu | Jiarui Hu | Jianhua Bu | Bien Tan | Chun Zhang
Source: Chemical Synthesis (article, 2026-03-13)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Three dimensional porous triptycene network with 12-connectivity of tröger’s base for iodine capture Developing new porous polymers with higher connectivity can improve their pore structure and increase functional group density, thereby enhancing their performance. Herein, we used tröger’s base (TB) groups as linkers to synthesize a novel 12-connected porous triptycene network (12-TB-PTN). The obtained 12-TB-PTN displayed high iodine capture capacity (515 wt%) and a relatively rapid adsorption rate (1.37 g·h&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) because of the high proportion of TB units in the porous polymer. This strategy has a great scientific importance for the development and preparation of rapid and efficient adsorbents for iodine vapor and other toxic pollutants. Triptycene ; Porosity ; Adsorption ; Base (topology) ; Porous medium Covalent Organic Framework Applications ; Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
Authors: Nidhi Yadav | Nimit Kumar | Mrinmoy Kumar Chini
Source: Asian Journal of Chemistry (article, 2026-03-06)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Design and Fabrication of CsSnI3 Electrodes with 2D Perovskite (BA2SnI4)-Enhanced PVDF-HFP Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Advanced Solid-State Supercapacitor Devices In this study, a novel symmetric solid-state supercapacitor was fabricated by integrating lead-free CsSnI3 perovskite electrodes with a 2D Ruddlesden-Popper (BA2SnI4)-reinforced PVDF-HFP/NaPF6 gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs). Composite GPEs were prepared via a solution-casting method with varying BA2SnI4 contents (0-20 wt.%) to enhance ionic conductivity, mechanical flexibility, and interfacial stability. Among the prepared samples, the optimized PNPS3 electrolyte containing 15 wt.% BA2SnI4 exhibited the highest ionic conductivity of 1.12 mS cm–1 and lowest bulk resistance (92 Ω), attributed to the formation of efficient ion-hopping pathways and reduced polymer crystallinity. The structural analyses confirmed the successful incorporation of layered BA2SnI4 nanosheets and the formation of highly crystalline orthorhombic black-phase CsSnI3 electrodes. With an energy density of 25.8 Wh kg–1, a power density of around 500 Wh g–1, a low IR drop (0.042 V), an equivalent series resistance of 4.8 Ω and a charge transfer resistance of 12.6 Ω, an optimized symmetric CsSnI3/PNPS3/CsSnI3 devices produced a high specific capacitance at 186 F g–1 at 1 A g–1. After 5000 cycles, the device showed outstanding cycling stability, maintaining 92% with its initial capacitance with a coulombic efficiency of &gt;97%. The composite electrolyte membrane sustained over 1000 bending cycles, confirming its mechanical robustness for flexible applications. The enhanced electrochemical performance is attributed to the synergistic coupling between conductive CsSnI3 electrodes and the layered BA2SnI4-reinforced polymer matrix, which promotes rapid Na+ transport, stable interfaces and suppressed degradation. For next-generation energy storage devices, this work offers an efficient method for developing flexible, high-energy-density and eco-friendly solid-state supercapacitors. Electrolyte ; Supercapacitor ; Capacitance ; Electrode ; Polymer ; Fabrication ; Ionic conductivity ; Composite number Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication ; Perovskite Materials and Applications ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
Authors: Dkhilallah Meslet Alsebaie | Nicola Morley
Source: Journal of King Saud University - Science (article, 2026-02-26)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Structural and magnetic evolution of FeCoNiAlMn thin films under varying Mn content and annealing temperatures This study focuses on FeCoNiAl films with varying concentrations of Mn added, deposited using the DC sputtering technique. All films were fabricated with a uniform thickness of approximately 100 nm. Four series of FeCoNiAl-Mn x films were prepared at room temperature and subsequently annealed at different temperatures: 400°C, 600°C, and 800°C. The annealing was carried out in a furnace under an argon atmosphere, with a heating rate of 2°C/min for a duration of 1 h. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals that the crystal structure changes as a function of both Mn concentration and annealing temperature. The structure transitions from face-centred cubic (FCC) in FeCoNi to body-centred cubic (BCC) upon the addition of Al and Mn, and eventually to an amorphous phase at higher AlMn concentrations. The magnetic properties also exhibit significant changes upon annealing at 400°C. For the Fe 1.2 CoNiAl 1.4 Mn 2.5 film, the saturation magnetization increases by approximately 35-fold. Similarly, the Fe 1.1 CoNiAl 1.5 Mn 5.3 film demonstrates a tenfold increase in saturation magnetization, accompanied by marked reductions in coercivity and remanence, by factors of roughly 29 and 43, respectively. Annealing (glass) ; Coercivity ; Amorphous solid ; Thin film ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Sputtering ; Argon ; Saturation (graph theory) Magnetic Properties of Alloys ; Shape Memory Alloy Transformations ; Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Alloys
Authors: Tony Siagian | Lovely Son | Muhammad Farid Hidayatullah | Nadras Othman
Source: Journal of Physics Conference Series (article, 2026-03-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Experimental Study of Determining the Dynamic Characteristics of a Composite Beam with the Addition of Elastomer Material Abstract Resonance is a critical phenomenon in structural dynamics, occurring when a structure’s natural frequency coincides with an external excitation frequency, resulting in amplified vibrations and increased deflection that may lead to structural failure. Mitigating resonance requires a thorough understanding of the structure’s dynamic properties and the application of effective damping techniques. This study experimentally investigates the dynamic behaviour of a composite beam composed of a polymer matrix (70% polyester resin and 30% vinyl ester resin) reinforced with carbon and hemp fibers. To enhance vibration damping, elastomeric materials, such as neoprene and silicone rubber, are incorporated. The results indicate that carbon fiber reinforcement yields higher stiffness and natural frequency. In contrast, hemp fiber exhibits a superior damping ratio. Neoprene rubber contributes to increased structural stiffness, while silicone rubber demonstrates enhanced damping performance due to its viscoelastic characteristics. The appropriate selection of fiber reinforcement and the addition of elastomeric material to composite materials make them more effective in shifting the natural frequency and reducing the response amplitude. The selection of fiber-elastomer combinations is guided by specific design objectives: carbon fiber with neoprene rubber is suitable for applications requiring higher stiffness conversely, hemp fiber combined with silicone rubber is recommended for improved damping. Neoprene ; Elastomer ; Viscoelasticity ; Silicone rubber ; Composite number ; Vulcanization ; Natural rubber ; Stiffness ; Natural frequency Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Vibration Control and Rheological Fluids ; Mechanical Engineering and Vibrations Research
Authors: Hendrik Holz | Lalith Kumar Bhaskar | Tobias Brink | Dipali Sonowane | Gerhard Dehm | James P. Best | Rajaprakash Ramachandramoorthy
Source: ArXiv.org (article, 2026-03-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Defect dependent dynamic nanoindentation hardness of copper up to 25 000 s-1 Metals exhibit an upturn in strength at strain rates of approximately 1000 s-1 - 3000 s-1, governed by rapid dislocation multiplication, interactions and storage. This phenomenon is strongly influenced by the initial dislocation density before testing. However, the role of immobile dislocations arranged in low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) on deformation under such extreme conditions remains unexplored, despite their ubiquity in engineering materials. Here, we employ high strain rate nanoindentation targeted at an LAGB with tilt and twist components in copper crystals with different dislocation densities. We demonstrate that Taylor hardening remains valid over a wide range of strain rates. It was found that the influence of LAGBs on mechanical properties is within the scatter of the measurements. However, slip traces of indents close to the LAGB suggest that the LAGB acts as a barrier to dislocations. Molecular dynamics simulations further confirm these findings. The measured activation volume and low strain rate re-indentation onto indents performed at different higher strain rates give insights into the deformation mechanism. This work provides new insight into the interplay between microstructure and high strain rate deformation. Nanoindentation ; Dislocation ; Strain rate ; Slip (aerodynamics) ; Microstructure ; Grain boundary ; Copper ; Strain hardening exponent Microstructure and mechanical properties ; Metal and Thin Film Mechanics ; High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior
Authors: Omar Abdul Majeed | Shams Aws Ismael | Evon Akram | Salam Mohammed
Source: Al-Salam Journal for Medical Science (article, 2026-02-03)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Recent Advances and Biomedical Applications of Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems: A Comprehensive Review Nanotechnology has improved the solubility, bioavailability, and controlled release of poorly soluble drugs and reduced off-target toxicity by precision targeting in medicine, food preservation, and industry for 40 years. This research studied polymeric, liposomal, and mesoporous nanoparticles (NPs) of structural features, fabrication methods, biological interactions, and therapeutic uses for drug transport efficiency and long-term safety. The experimental and clinical data on particle size, shape, surface chemistry, encapsulation techniques, drug transport kinetics, biodistribution, and cytotoxic responses both in vitro and in vivo for the conventional formulations. After 48 hours, poly(isohexylcyanoacrylate) nanocarriers delivered 56% of the injected dose to the liver and 1.6% to tumors, whereas liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil) increased tumor formation and lowered systemic toxicity by reduced macrophage clearance and cytotoxicity, PEG-coated NPs boosted tumor uptake and circulation. Silver or zinc oxide NPs prevented microbial degradation in strawberries, asparagus, and chicken, whereas mesoporous silica carriers stabilized hydrophobic agents and controlled payload release. The AuNPs and high-aspect-ratio particles generated oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage, affecting cytotoxicity. Thus, NPs increase therapeutic index but need surface property and release profile adjustment to address immune recognition, organ accumulation, and chronic toxicity. Nanocarriers ; Drug delivery ; Mesoporous silica ; Drug ; In vivo ; Doxorubicin ; Nanoparticle ; Nanomedicine ; Liposome Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Cancer Research and Treatment ; Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Huda Salh Mahdi | Israa F. Al-sharuee
Source: Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science (article, 2026-03-30)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Superhydrophobic and High Transmittance Coated Silica Aerogel Prepared in Ambient Pressure as Self-Cleaning Windows Background: Highly porous nanomaterials have been promising materials in recent years. Silica-based materials have attracted the attention of researchers because they are easy to prepare under normal atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, they have broad practical applications that aim to reduce time and cost. Objective: The current work highlights self-cleaning windows for high buildings that are difficult to access. Hydrophobic silica was prepared, and the surfaces of regular glass were coated with gel during the preparation process, taking into justification that the transparency of the glass would not be affected. Methods: The preparation was carried out under normal atmospheric pressure and for a period of only one week, during which samples of hydrophobic silica were prepared with ratios of the starting material tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), ethanol, and hydrochloric acid with 0.5 molar concentration, and taking into account the molar ratios in each case for each of TEOS:ethanol:HCl at ratios of 1:5:0.2. Results: The results of the UV test showed that the transparency ratios of samples changed slightly with a variation when the TEOS ratios were changed. The best result was 95% at pH7 with a volume ratio of 1 TEOS. The contact angle was within the superhydrophobic region at 152° and was best at a value of 1TEOS at pH7. This was confirmed by the FTIR test through the weak beams that return to OH, Si-OH, and H-OH groups. Also, the AFM images showed that the roughness ratios are very good, which enhances the role of the prepared models in practical applications. The differential thermal‐thermogravimetric TGA-data test also confirmed the stability of the samples at a temperature of 217 °C. This is particularly important, as glass is exposed to varying temperatures throughout the year. Conclusions: It can be confirmed that it is possible to obtain superhydrophobic silica coated on glass slides, which exhibit high transparency and thermal stability. This enables it to withstand external conditions such as high temperatures, rain, and dust. Therefore, it is easy to produce self-cleaning glass covers or windows that are resistant to heat and humidity. Ambient pressure ; Aerogel ; Contact angle ; Nanomaterials ; Surface finish ; Porosity ; Transmittance ; Surface roughness Aerogels and thermal insulation ; Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure ; Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis