jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Paolo Fortugno | Claudia-Francisca López-Cámara | Fabian P. Hagen | Hartmut Wiggers | Christof Schulz
Source: Applications in Energy and Combustion Science (article, 2023-07-18)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Relevance of C/O ratios in the gas-phase synthesis of freestanding few-layer graphene In microwave-plasma synthesis of few-layer graphene from hydrocarbon precursors, the carbon-to-oxygen and the carbon-to-hydrogen ratios are known to influence the product ratio of graphene to amorphous soot-like particles. While the role of oxygenated hydrocarbons and water as oxygen-supplying species has been studied before, in this paper, we compare the effect of carbon dioxide, molecular oxygen, and nitrous oxide mixed with ethylene to systematically change the C/O ratio while keeping the hydrogen supply constant. Ex situ powder analysis, emission spectroscopy, gas chromatography, and simple reaction kinetics simulations are employed to evaluate and describe the synthesis process. Additionally, thermophoretically sampled nanomaterials are collected close after the first particle inception and analyzed ex situ. The results show that molecular oxygen and nitrous oxide increase the graphene fraction with decreasing C/O ratios and pure graphene is reached at 2:1.5. The decrease in C/O ratio results in an overall decrease in solid carbon yield. With carbon dioxide, pure graphene cannot be generated at a C/O ration of 2:1.5, although a similar reduction of the particle yield is observed. Thermophoretic sampling showed that the specific mixture of carbon allotropes is already defined a few cm downstream to the plasma zone. Emission spectroscopy shows that carbon dioxide forms carbon species during its decomposition in the plasma, we hypothesize that these released carbon species might influence the environment for local nucleation of solid carbon. Thus, the C/O ratio and available carbon fraction for growth cannot always be used to tailor the carbon microstructure. Moreover, the source of oxygen atoms also seems to have an effect on the resultant microstructure. Graphene ; Carbon fibers ; Oxide ; Materials science ; Hydrogen ; Oxygen ; Chemical engineering ; Nucleation ; Amorphous carbon ; Carbide-derived carbon ; Carbon dioxide ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Chemistry ; Carbon nanofiber ; Nanotechnology ; Carbon nanotube ; Organic chemistry ; Amorphous solid ; Composite number ; Composite material Graphene research and applications ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications ; Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications
Authors: Zekiye Akdag | Songül Ulağ | Deepak M. Kalaskar | Liviu Duta | Oğuzhan Gündüz
Source: Biomimetics (review, 2023-12-15)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Advanced Applications of Silk-Based Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering: A Short Review Silk has been consistently popular throughout human history due to its enigmatic properties. Today, it continues to be widely utilized as a polymer, having first been introduced to the textile industry. Furthermore, the health sector has also integrated silk. The <i>Bombyx mori</i> silk fibroin (SF) holds the record for being the most sustainable, functional, biocompatible, and easily produced type among all available SF sources. SF is a biopolymer approved by the FDA due to its high biocompatibility. It is versatile and can be used in various fields, as it is non-toxic and has no allergenic effects. Additionally, it enhances cell adhesion, adaptation, and proliferation. The use of SF has increased due to the rapid advancement in tissue engineering. This review comprises an introduction to SF and an assessment of the relevant literature using various methods and techniques to enhance the tissue engineering of SF-based hydrogels. Consequently, the function of SF in skin tissue engineering, wound repair, bone tissue engineering, cartilage tissue engineering, and drug delivery systems is therefore analysed. The potential future applications of this functional biopolymer for biomedical engineering are also explored. Fibroin ; Tissue engineering ; Biopolymer ; Biocompatibility ; SILK ; Self-healing hydrogels ; Bombyx mori ; Biomedical engineering ; Nanotechnology ; Biocompatible material ; Materials science ; Drug delivery ; Chemistry ; Engineering ; Polymer ; Polymer chemistry ; Composite material Silk-based biomaterials and applications ; Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
Authors: Alexis Verger | Gilles Dollo | Nolwenn Brandhonneur | Sophie Martinais | Stéphane Cordier | Kamil Lang | Maria Amela‐Cortes | Kaplan Kirakci
Source: Materials Advances (article, 2023-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

PEGylated poly(lactic-<i>co</i>-glycolic acid) nanoparticles doped with molybdenum-iodide nanoclusters as a promising photodynamic therapy agent against ovarian cancer A photosensitizing nanosystem based on PEGylated PLGA nanoparticles doped with luminescent molybdenum-iodide nanoclusters displays advantageous features for photodynamic therapy of ovarian cancer. Nanoclusters ; PLGA ; Photodynamic therapy ; Molybdenum ; Nanoparticle ; Iodide ; Glycolic acid ; Ovarian cancer ; Materials science ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Lactic acid ; Cancer ; Inorganic chemistry ; Medicine ; Organic chemistry ; Internal medicine ; Bacteria Inorganic Chemistry and Materials ; Nanocluster Synthesis and Applications ; Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials
Authors: Su-Hong Choi | Byeong‐Ju Lee | Sang-Yeol Lee
Source: Skin Research and Technology (article, 2023-02-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

A study on skin mobility according to joint movement: Variations in mobility according to joint motion range and correlation and influence with hydrica composition Based on the results of this study, it was revealed that directional movement of the skin appeared according to joint movement, and it was affected by body water. Joint (building) ; Range of motion ; Human skin ; Movement (music) ; Biomedical engineering ; Composition (language) ; Materials science ; Medicine ; Chemistry ; Anatomy ; Physics ; Surgery ; Biology ; Acoustics ; Structural engineering ; Engineering Textile materials and evaluations ; Skin Protection and Aging ; Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Zhimin Yang⌈ | Richard A. Stein | Maren Pink | Peter Madzelan | Thacien Ngendahimana | Suchada Rajca | Mark A. Wilson | Sandra S. Eaton | Gareth R. Eaton | Hassane S. Mchaourab | Andrzej Rajca
Source: Journal of the American Chemical Society (article, 2023-11-14)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Cucurbit[7]uril Enhances Distance Measurements of Spin-Labeled Proteins We report complex formation between the chloroacetamide 2,6-diazaadamantane nitroxide radical (ClA-DZD) and cucurbit[7]uril (CB-7), for which the association constant in water, <i>K</i><sub>a</sub> = 1.9 × 10<sup>6</sup> M<sup>-1</sup>, is at least 1 order of magnitude higher than the previously studied organic radicals. The radical is highly immobilized by CB-7, as indicated by the increase in the rotational correlation time, τ<sub>rot</sub>, by a factor of 36, relative to that in the buffer solution. The X-ray structure of ClA-DZD@CB-7 shows the encapsulated DZD guest inside the undistorted CB-7 host, with the pendant group protruding outside. Upon addition of CB-7 to T4 Lysozyme (T4L) doubly spin-labeled with the iodoacetamide derivative of DZD, we observe the increase in τ<sub>rot</sub> and electron spin coherence time, <i>T</i><sub>m</sub>, along with the narrowing of interspin distance distributions. Sensitivity of the DEER measurements at 83 K increases by a factor 4-9, compared to the common spin label such as MTSL, which is not affected by CB-7. Interspin distances of 3 nm could be reliably measured in water/glycerol up to temperatures near the glass transition/melting temperature of the matrix at 200 K, thus bringing us closer to the goal of supramolecular recognition-enabled long-distance DEER measurements at near physiological temperatures. The X-ray structure of DZD-T4L 65 at 1.12 Å resolution allows for unambiguous modeling of the DZD label (0.88 occupancy), indicating an undisturbed structure and conformation of the protein. Chemistry ; Spin (aerodynamics) ; Chemical physics ; Crystallography ; Thermodynamics Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications ; Electron Spin Resonance Studies ; Magnetism in coordination complexes
Authors: Jiangming Wang | Weina Fang | Huajie Liu
Source: ChemPlusChem (review, 2023-02-13)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Gold Triangular Nanoprisms: Anisotropic Plasmonic Materials with Unique Structures and Properties As a novel type of anisotropic inorganic nanomaterials, gold triangular nanoprisms (AuTNPs) have been widely studied for their well-defined structures and excellent plasmonic properties. This review starts with synthetic methodology, combing through the early thermal solution method to the mature seed-mediated method and seedless method. The possible mechanisms proposed by predecessors and the problems needed to be solved are also arranged. Along with this, the important morphological evolution process of AuTNPs during synthesis and post-synthesis stages are revealed, which is of great significance for further understanding the structure of AuTNPs and developing new synthesis strategies. Finally, the applications of AuTNPs, especially associated with plasmonic properties, are listed and summarized where surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), catalysis, phototherapy and biosensor are included, so that researchers can quickly comprehend the current situation, and provide a basis for further development and exploration of AuTNPs. Nanotechnology ; Plasmon ; Nanomaterials ; Chemistry ; Anisotropy ; Raman scattering ; Biosensor ; Combing ; Raman spectroscopy ; Materials science ; Optoelectronics ; Optics ; Composite material Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Nanocluster Synthesis and Applications ; Nanomaterials for catalytic reactions
Authors: Shanshan Wang | Chenchen Yang | Junteng Zhao | Chenyao Li | Xinhao Fan
Source: ACS Omega (article, 2023-03-29)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Rapid and Direct Assessment of Asphalt Volatile Organic Compound Emission Based on Carbon Fiber Ionization Mass Spectrometry Due to the complicacy of asphalt fumes, the analytical methods for investigating volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are very limited. In this study, a direct and real-time analysis method based on carbon fiber ionization mass spectrometry (CFI-MS), an ambient mass spectrometric technique, was established and successfully applied in the analysis of asphalt VOCs. The asphalt VOCs can be directly detected in the open atmosphere without the collection step of asphalt fumes, and the mass spectra of one asphalt sample can be obtained in a few seconds in both positive and negative ion modes. By investigating the mass spectral changes of asphalt fumes at different heating temperatures ranging from 50 to 200 °C, the temperature factor of asphalt fume emission was demonstrated in this work. The research results demonstrate that the complexity of asphalt fumes is positively related to the applied temperature. Moreover, the VOCs of saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes fractions were also analyzed by the direct analysis method. The result shows that aromatics contribute most to the emission of VOCs. In addition, the obtained mass spectra combined with the principal component analysis method show the great potential to quickly screen VOC inhibitors of asphalt materials. Asphalt ; Mass spectrometry ; Asphaltene ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Ionization ; Fiber ; Chemistry ; Environmental chemistry ; Materials science ; Chromatography ; Ion ; Composite material ; Organic chemistry Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Authors: Zhang Qi | Timur F. Akhmetzhanov | Arina Pavlova | Evgeny Smirnov
Source: Sensors (article, 2023-07-13)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Reusable SERS Substrates Based on Gold Nanoparticles for Peptide Detection Raman spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique widely used for quantitative and qualitative analysis. However, the development of inexpensive, reproducible, and reusable enhancing substrates remains a challenge for material scientists and analytical chemists. In this study, we address this challenge by demonstrating the deposition of core-shell nanoparticles consisting of a gold core and a thin inert SiO<sub>2</sub> shell within a confined space, resulting in the formation of a highly efficient Raman-enhancing structure. Nanoparticles were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and total reflectance X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, whereas the prepared substrates were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy with a model molecule, malachite green. The relationship between Raman intensity and the loading of malachite green dye exhibited linearity, indicating the uniform spatial distribution of hotspots across the substrate. The limit of detection was determined as 2.9 μM of malachite green when 10 uL was distributed over a ca. 25 mm<sup>2</sup> surface area. Moreover, the same substrate, after thorough washing in ethanol, was successfully employed for the detection of bovine serum albumin at a concentration level of 55 μg mL<sup>-1</sup>, demonstrating its reusability and versatility. Our findings highlight the potential of these substrates for various applications in biomedical research, clinical diagnosis, and beyond. Malachite green ; Raman spectroscopy ; Nanoparticle ; Raman scattering ; Materials science ; Colloidal gold ; Substrate (aquarium) ; Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy ; Nanotechnology ; Detection limit ; Spectroscopy ; Dynamic light scattering ; Malachite ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Chemistry ; Chemical engineering ; Chromatography ; Optics ; Adsorption ; Organic chemistry Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Biosensors and Analytical Detection ; Nanocluster Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Yanchun Lin | Stefani N. Thomas
Source: Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Advances in the Clinical Lab (review, 2023-02-13)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Impact of VALID Act implementation on mass spectrometry-based clinical proteomic laboratory developed tests Mass spectrometry (MS)-based clinical proteomic Laboratory Developed Tests (LDTs) for the measurement of protein biomarkers related to endocrinology, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease are gaining traction in clinical laboratories due to their value in supporting diagnostic and treatment decisions for patients. Under the current regulatory landscape, MS-based clinical proteomic LDTs are regulated by Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) under the auspices of the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services (CMS). However, should the Verifying Accurate Leading-Edge In Vitro Clinical Test Development (VALID) Act pass, it will grant the FDA greater authority to oversee diagnostic tests, including LDTs. This could impede clinical laboratories' ability to develop new MS-based proteomic LDTs to support existing and emerging patient care needs. Therefore, this review discusses the currently available MS-based proteomic LDTs and their current regulatory landscape in the context of the potential impacts imposed by the passage of the VALID Act. Medicaid ; Context (archaeology) ; Health care ; Medicine ; Political science ; Biology Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
Authors: Mengjie Chen | Si‐Min Lu | Haowei Wang | Yi‐Tao Long
Source: Angewandte Chemie International Edition (article, 2023-01-13)
Field: Chemistry — Electrochemistry

Monitoring Photoinduced Interparticle Chemical Communication<i>In Situ</i> Monitoring interparticle chemical communication plays a critical role in the nanomaterial synthesis as this communication controls the final structure and stability of global nanoparticles (NPs). Yet most ensemble analytical techniques, which could only reveal average macroscopic information, are unable to elucidate NP-to-NP interactions. Herein, we employ stochastic collision electrochemistry to track the morphology transformation of Ag NPs in photochemical process at the single NP level. By further statistical analysis of time-resolved current transients, we quantitatively determine the dynamic chemical potential difference and interparticle communication between populations of large and small Ag NPs. The high sensitivity of stochastic collision electrochemistry enables the in situ investigation of chemical communication-dependent transformation kinetics of NPs in photochemical process, shedding light on designing nanomaterials. Nanomaterials ; Nanotechnology ; In situ ; Electrochemistry ; Materials science ; Nanoparticle ; Biological system ; Kinetics ; Chemical physics ; Chemical transformation ; Chemistry ; Electrode ; Physics ; Physical chemistry ; Organic chemistry Electrochemical Analysis and Applications ; Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques ; Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
Authors: Marcel G. Alamán-Zárate | Brooks J. Rady | Caroline A. Evans | Brooke Pian | Darren Greetham | Sabrina Marecos | Mark J. Dickman | Ian D. E. A. Lidbury | Andrew L. Lovering | Buz Barstow | Stéphane Mesnage
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry (article, 2023-11-23)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Unusual 1-3 peptidoglycan cross-links in Acetobacteraceae are made by L,D-transpeptidases with a catalytic domain distantly related to YkuD domains Peptidoglycan is an essential component of the bacterial cell envelope that contains glycan chains substituted by short peptide stems. Peptide stems are polymerized by D,D-transpeptidases, which make bonds between the amino acid in position four of a donor stem and the third residue of an acceptor stem (4-3 cross-links). Some bacterial peptidoglycans also contain 3-3 cross-links that are formed by another class of enzymes called L,D-transpeptidases which contain a YkuD catalytic domain. In this work, we investigate the formation of unusual bacterial 1-3 peptidoglycan cross-links. We describe a version of the PGFinder software that can identify 1-3 cross-links and report the high-resolution peptidoglycan structure of Gluconobacter oxydans (a model organism within the Acetobacteraceae family). We reveal that G. oxydans peptidoglycan contains peptide stems made of a single alanine as well as several dipeptide stems with unusual amino acids at their C-terminus. Using a bioinformatics approach, we identified a G. oxydans mutant from a transposon library with a drastic reduction in 1-3 cross-links. Through complementation experiments in G. oxydans and recombinant protein production in a heterologous host, we identify an L,D-transpeptidase enzyme with a domain distantly related to the YkuD domain responsible for these non-canonical reactions. This work revisits the enzymatic capabilities of L,D-transpeptidases, a versatile family of enzymes that play a key role in bacterial peptidoglycan remodelling. Peptidoglycan ; Domain (mathematical analysis) ; Chemistry ; Catalysis ; Biochemistry ; Biology ; Cell wall Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis ; Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology ; Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
Authors: Che‐Fan Huang | Pei Su | Troy D. Fisher | Josh Levitsky | Neil L. Kelleher | Eleonora Forte
Source: Frontiers in Transplantation (review, 2023-11-24)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Mass spectrometry-based proteomics for advancing solid organ transplantation research Scarcity of high-quality organs, suboptimal organ quality assessment, unsatisfactory pre-implantation procedures, and poor long-term organ and patient survival are the main challenges currently faced by the solid organ transplant (SOT) field. New biomarkers for assessing graft quality pre-implantation, detecting, and predicting graft injury, rejection, dysfunction, and survival are critical to provide clinicians with invaluable prediction tools and guidance for personalized patients' treatment. Additionally, new therapeutic targets are also needed to reduce injury and rejection and improve transplant outcomes. Proteins, which underlie phenotypes, are ideal candidate biomarkers of health and disease statuses and therapeutic targets. A protein can exist in different molecular forms, called proteoforms. As the function of a protein depends on its exact composition, proteoforms can offer a more accurate basis for connection to complex phenotypes than protein from which they derive. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics has been largely used in SOT research for identification of candidate biomarkers and therapeutic intervention targets by so-called "bottom-up" proteomics (BUP). However, such BUP approaches analyze small peptides in lieu of intact proteins and provide incomplete information on the exact molecular composition of the proteins of interest. In contrast, "Top-down" proteomics (TDP), which analyze intact proteins retaining proteoform-level information, have been only recently adopted in transplantation studies and already led to the identification of promising proteoforms as biomarkers for organ rejection and dysfunction. We anticipate that the use of top-down strategies in combination with new technological advancements in single-cell and spatial proteomics could drive future breakthroughs in biomarker and therapeutic target discovery in SOT. Proteomics ; Biomarker discovery ; Identification (biology) ; Computational biology ; Biomarker ; Transplantation ; Bioinformatics ; Computer science ; Medicine ; Biology ; Internal medicine Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
Authors: Ali Dabbous | Eloïse Colson | D. Chakravorty | Jean‐Marie Mouesca | Christian Lombard | Sylvain Caillat | Jean‐Luc Ravanat | Fabien Dubois | F. Dénès | Philippe Renaud | Vincent Maurel
Source: Chemistry - A European Journal (article, 2023-03-03)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Fine Tuning of Quantum Dots Photocatalysts for the Synthesis of Tropane Alkaloid Skeletons** Several types of Quantum Dots (QDs) (CdS, CdSe and InP, as well as core-shell QDs such as type I InP-ZnS, quasi type-II CdSe-CdS and inverted type-I CdS-CdSe) were considered for generating α-aminoalkyl free radicals. The feasibility of the oxidation of the N-aryl amines and the generation of the desired radical was evidenced experimentally by quenching of the photoluminescence of the QDs and by testing a vinylation reaction using an alkenylsulfone radical trap. The QDs were tested in a radical [3+3]-annulation reaction giving access to tropane skeletons and that requires the completion of two consecutive catalytic cycles. Several QDs such as CdS core, CdSe core and inverted type I CdS-CdSe core-shell proved to be efficient photocatalysts for this reaction. Interestingly, the addition of a second shorter chain ligand to the QDs appeared to be essential to complete the second catalytic cycle and to obtain the desired bicyclic tropane derivatives. Finally, the scope of the [3+3]-annulation reaction was explored for the best performing QDs and isolated yields that compare well with classical iridium photocatalysis were obtained. Photocatalysis ; Quantum dot ; Tropane ; Chemistry ; Photochemistry ; Ligand (biochemistry) ; Radical ; Photoluminescence ; Catalysis ; Quenching (fluorescence) ; Combinatorial chemistry ; Materials science ; Nanotechnology ; Stereochemistry ; Fluorescence ; Organic chemistry ; Optoelectronics ; Physics Radical Photochemical Reactions ; Sulfur-Based Synthesis Techniques ; Catalytic C–H Functionalization Methods