jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Jie Wang | Y. Liu | Fei Peng
Source: Biophysics Reports (article, 2025-04-30)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Technological innovations and high-throughput applications of light-sheet microscopy Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM), with its innovative design of selective plane illumination and orthogonal detection optics, significantly reduces phototoxicity and photobleaching inherent in conventional microscopy, providing a revolutionary tool for long-term dynamic imaging of living specimens. This review focuses on throughput enhancement strategies of LSFM, systematically summarizing advancements in optical architecture optimization and multimodal integration. Key technological innovations include: improved sample compatibility, large-field imaging via optimized light-sheet generation, microfluidics-coupled high-throughput automation, and hyperspectral imaging for multiplexed analysis. Through adaptive light-sheet modulation, remote focusing synchronization, and AI-driven algorithmic optimization, LSFM achieves multiscale 3D imaging spanning subcellular structures to centimeter-scale tissues at speeds exceeding hundreds of volumetric frames per second. In biomedical applications, LSFM has successfully resolved complex processes such as cellular lineage dynamics during embryogenesis, whole-brain neuronal activity mapping, and structure-function correlations in cardiovascular systems, while enabling high-throughput drug screening and pathological model analysis. These breakthroughs establish LSFM as a cornerstone technology for intravital imaging, offering an integrated solution that combines high spatiotemporal resolution, minimal photodamage, and big-data throughput. By bridging molecular, cellular, and organ-level observations, LSFM drives paradigm shifts in developmental biology, neuroscience, and translational medicine, empowering unprecedented exploration of living systems across scales. Throughput ; Microscopy ; Nanotechnology ; Biochemical engineering ; Industrial chemistry ; Chemistry ; Materials science ; Computer science ; Engineering ; Optics ; Physics Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques ; Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques ; Cell Image Analysis Techniques
Authors: Mohammed Riyadh Al-Dikheeli
Source: Journal of Research Updates in Polymer Science (article, 2025-12-22)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Properties of Sustainable Composite Construction Materials Derived from Recycled Polymers and Nanofillers This paper presents the investigation of sustainable construction composites manufactured from rPET and rHDPE with the addition of nano-silica, graphene oxide, and nanoclay. The composites were fabricated by melt blending and compression molding. Mechanical, thermal, and durability performances of the composites were tested according to ASTM specifications. Experimental test results revealed that with an optimum loading of 3 wt% nanofillers, there is an enhancement in tensile and flexural strength by up to 35%, improvement of thermal stability by 20-25 °C, and a reduction of water absorption by about 25% compared to unreinforced polymers. SEM, FTIR, and XRD analyses confirm enhancement in interfacial bonding and refinement of microstructure. Compressive strength in the range of 38 to 43 MPa was obtained, which indicates that these materials are suitable for lightweight panels and non-structural elements. The results are in agreement with previously reported literature data and emphasize the possibility of recycled polymer-nanofiller composites to provide low-density durable construction material with an environmental benefit. The engineering-oriented outcome of this study focuses on the optimization of filler dispersion and performance to enable scalable and sustainable application. Flexural strength ; Durability ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Absorption of water ; Composite number ; Compressive strength ; Thermal stability ; Filler (materials) ; Dispersion (optics) Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties ; Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Polymer crystallization and properties
Authors: Світлана Вікторівна Кирилаха
Source: Shipbuilding and marine infrastructure (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

REVIEW OF THE EFFECT OF THERMAL CYCLES AND PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING ON THE MICROSTRUCTUREAND MECHANICAL PROPERTIESOF TI-6AL-4V TITANIUM ALLOYS Aim.The purpose of this study is to conduct an in-depth analysis of the influence of thermal history parameters in additive manufacturing (AM) processes on the formation of microstructural features, phase texture, and service properties of titanium alloys, particularly Ti-6Al-4V.Special emphasis is placed on identifying the regularities of phase transformations, defect formation, and grain evolution depending on cooling rates, thermal cycling, and post-processing conditions.Methodology.A comparative analysis of recent literature was carried out focusing on the characteristics of grain structure, phase composition, porosity, and mechanical properties of components fabricated via L-PBF, L-DED, WAAM technologies, as well as their combinations with thermal and thermomechanical treatment.The influence of solidification conditions, temperature gradients, multiple reheating cycles, and post-processing on microstructural stability and internal stress development is discussed.Results.It was established that the high cooling rates in L-PBF contribute to the formation of needle-like martensitic -phase with high strength but limited ductility.In contrast, WAAM and L-DED processes yield a coarser + b structure with improved ductility.Columnar texture, grain orientation, and process-induced defects such as pores and lack of fusion were identified as critical factors reducing fatigue resistance and contributing to anisotropy.These findings are consistent with experimental data on the impact of cooling regimes on phase stability, endurance limit, and sealing integrity.Scientific novelty.Experimental results on the correlation between thermal regimes and microstructural morphology are systematised, and generalisations are made regarding phase transformation behaviour in Ti-6Al-4V under various AM conditions.Conceptual approaches to optimising microstructure through the control of cooling rates, crystallographic texture, and defect formation are proposed.Practical significance.The conclusions of this review can be applied in the development of additive manufacturing technologies for critical Ti-6Al-4V components intended for marine environments, particularly shipbuilding, where exposure to humidity, chlorides, and cyclic loading is expected.Additionally, the results are relevant to biomedical, aerospace, and energy industries, where high Phase (matter) ; Thermal ; Titanium ; Titanium alloy ; Work (physics) Titanium Alloys Microstructure and Properties ; Material Properties and Applications ; Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
Authors: Jana Horáková | Radek Jirkovec | Stanislava Vrchovecká | Andrea Sidova
Source: ACS Omega (article, 2025-08-31)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Influence of Solvent Choice on Mitomycin C Loading and Stability in Electrospun Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanofibers This study investigates the influence of solvent systems on incorporating the hydrophilic drug mitomycin C (MMC) into electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers, with a focus on the often-overlooked issue of active substance degradation during storage. MMC was dissolved in either water or acetone and added to the electrospinning solution, followed by quantification of drug loading using liquid chromatography. Dissolution of MMC in water resulted in poor drug loading efficiency. In contrast, acetone led to significantly higher incorporation, with 50.66% loading for PVDF containing 0.01% MMC and 26.63% for PVDF with 0.1% MMC. However, storage at 4 °C over 21 days resulted in a substantial decline in MMC content, indicating challenges in long-term stability. In vitro testing using mouse fibroblasts revealed no cytotoxic effects of the nanofibrous layers and demonstrated a reduction in fibroblast proliferation in MMC-loaded samples compared to pure PVDF controls. These findings highlight the importance of solvent selection for effective drug incorporation and point to the potential of PVDF-based nanofibers for antifibrotic applications. Polyvinylidene fluoride ; Electrospinning ; Mitomycin C ; Materials science ; Nanofiber ; Solvent ; Fluoride ; Chemical engineering ; Polymer chemistry ; Composite material ; Chemistry ; Polymer ; Organic chemistry ; Inorganic chemistry ; Engineering Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials ; Polymer Nanocomposite Synthesis and Irradiation
Authors: Muhammad Javaid Afzal | Muhammad Waseem Ashraf | Shahzadi Tayyaba | Farah Javaid
Source: Scientific Inquiry and Review (article, 2025-06-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Thermoelectric ANSYS Simulation for Current Generation and Current Density Analysis One way to convert heat into electricity is through thermoelectric power generation, which is a renewable energy conversion method. To forecast how well a thermoelectric producing system would work, the current study suggested a new fluid-thermal-electric multi-physics numerical model. Exhaust temperature and mass flow rate are included in the numerical simulations conducted on the ANSYS platform. From 100 oC to 300 oC is the temperature range of the hot ends. Like the hot end, the cold end may go as hot as 25 degrees Celsius and as low as 10 degrees Celsius. As the temperature at the hot end of the generator increases, the cold end temperature must decrease. This signifies that the two are inversely-related. The hot junction has a maximum heat absorption of 32.762 W and a minimum of 4.6305 W. The proposed thermoelectric generator (TEG) yields a maximum current of 45.867 A and a minimum current of 10.816 A. The output is highly dependent on where the hot side heat exchanger is placed in respect to the thermoelectric modules. To build a comprehensive thermoelectric generating system for practical usage, it is recommended to combine the advantages of multiple models Thermoelectric generator ; Thermoelectric effect ; Thermoelectric cooling ; Heat exchanger ; Current (fluid) ; Generator (circuit theory) ; Renewable energy ; Current density Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Heat Transfer and Numerical Methods ; Internet of Things and AI
Authors: G. Swamy Yadav
Source: International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (article, 2025-06-28)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Lightweight Design and Structural Analysis of Air Intake Manifold Using Composites This research presents a finite element analysis (FEA)-based investigation into the structural performance of an air intake manifold made from four different materials: Aluminum, Polyamide 6 (PA6), Polypropylene (PP), and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP). In response to the automotive industry's increasing demand for lightweight, fuel-efficient, and highperformance vehicles, the study explores alternative materials that can reduce component weight without compromising structural integrity. The air intake manifold was selected due to its significant impact on engine performance and efficiency. A 3D model of the manifold was developed using CATIA software and imported into ANSYS Workbench for simulation. Material properties were assigned, boundary conditions applied, and an internal pressure of 7 bar was used to simulate operating conditions. Fixed supports were applied at the mounting flanges. The analysis focused on key structural outputs: total deformation, equivalent (von Mises) stress, maximum principal stress, and factor of safety, allowing a comparative evaluation of each material's mechanical behavior. Results showed that Aluminium performed reliably with moderate deformation and adequate stress handling. PA6 exhibited slightly higher deformation but remained within acceptable limits, making it viable for medium-performance applications. PP, however, displayed excessive deformation and poor safety margins, suggesting its unsuitability for structural use. CFRP outperformed all other materials, demonstrating minimal deformation, low stress, and the highest safety factor, making it ideal for high-performance and weight-sensitive applications. This study confirms the utility of FEA in optimizing material selection during the early design stages of automotive components. It emphasizes the potential of composites like CFRP to meet modern performance and sustainability goals while offering insights for broader applications in lightweight vehicle design and advanced mechanical systems. Composite material ; Materials science ; Inlet manifold ; Manifold (fluid mechanics) ; Mechanical engineering ; Engineering Textile materials and evaluations ; Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Апанасевич, С. П. | Колодочка, П. С. | Королько, Д. А. | Куликовская, П. А. | Колобкова, Е. В. | Ходасевич, И. А. | Ходасевич, М. А.
Source: Digital Library of the Belarusian State University (Belarusian State University) (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Multivariate temperature calibration based on fluorescence spectra of 5%Yb3+,0.1%Ho3+:95MgCaSrBaYAl2F14-5Ва(РО3)2 / S. P. Apanasevich, P. S. Kolodochka, D. А. Korolko, P. А. Kulikovskaya, Е. V. Kolobkova, I. А. Khodasevich, М. А. Khodasevich Методы машинного обучения применены для калибровки температуры по спектрам ап-конверсионной флуоресценции Ho3+ в стекле 5%Yb3+,0.1%Ho3+:95MgCaSrBaYAl2F14-5Ва(РО3)2 в диапазонах длин волн 505–560 нм и 605–670 нм для интервала температур от 30 до 105 °С. Полученные величины абсолютной чувствительности 0,021 К-1 и неопределенности 0,11 К существенно превышают характеристики традиционно применяемого ратиометрического метода Calibration ; Fluorescence ; Spectral line ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Multivariate statistics Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials ; Inorganic Fluorides and Related Compounds ; Calibration and Measurement Techniques
Authors: Nwaugo Onuabughichi Nnamdi | Udofia Christiana Samuel | Okorinama Abarinkia Francis Wokoma
Source: Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences Journal of Scientific Innovations (article, 2025-05-30)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Effects of Allura Red Dye Additive on the Chemical Properties of Palm Oil Sold in Selected Markets of Obio/Akpor Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria In recent years, the increasing demand for palm oil in Nigeria has out - weighed supply leading to a widening gap between demand and production and this has led to inevitable increase in the level of adulteration. Hence, the need for this study to investigate the quality of palm oil being sold in the markets. This study was to investigate the effects of Allura Red dye on the chemical properties (Saponification Value, Moisture Content, Free Fatty Acid Value, Acid value, Peroxide Value) of palm oil with and without allura red dye additive in palm oil sold in the Rumuokoro market. The sampling was done using 3 x 2 Factorial experimental design. The study involved testing palm oil samples with and without allura red dye using Titration and Oven Drying method. The results show that untreated palm oil [oil mill sample (OS) and control sample (CS)] had higher saponification values, indicating better quality. OS1, OS2, OS3 and OS4 for example, had high saponification values of 232.82 mg KOH/g, 230.01mgKOH/g, 230.01mgKOH/g, 232.82 mg KOH/g respectively categorizing them as high quality palm oil. However, the saponification values of the treated samples (TS1, TS2, TS3 and TS4) were significantly lower, with TS2 having the lowest value of 196.68 mg KOH/g, categorizing it as poor quality. Untreated samples (OS1 – OS4 and CS1 –CS4) had lower moisture content values compared to the treated samples (TS1, TS2, TS3 and TS4). Moisture content increased in the dye-treated samples, suggested a higher susceptibility to microbial contamination and oxidative degradation. The untreated palm oil samples (OS1 – OS4) exhibited lowest FFA values of 0.034% and 0.07%, while the treated samples (TS1 – TS4) had significantly higher values of 0.34% and 0.45%. The acid value of the treated samples were significantly higher than that of the untreated samples. The peroxide values of the treated samples were significantly higher compared to the untreated samples, but the control samples (CS1- CS4) which were home-made had the highest peroxide value of 27.5 meq/kg and 17.5 meq/kg, indicating extremely bad quality which could be as a result of poor processing method. The addition of Allura Red dye to palm oil negatively impacts its quality, highlighting the need for stricter regulations on dye use in food products especially palm oil. The findings underscore the potential risks of artificial dye additives in palm oil, which compromise both its chemical compositions, consumers’ health and long-term stability. Further research is also needed to explore the broader health implications of consuming dyed oils. Saponification ; Palm oil ; Peroxide value ; Moisture ; Saponification value ; Palm ; Palmitic acid ; Acid value Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
Authors: Ting-Chun Huang | Yuxin Chen | Chun-Yi Lin | Chi‐Feng Pai | Chiashain Chuang | Ya‐Ping Hsieh | Mario Hofmann
Source: npj 2D Materials and Applications (article, 2025-11-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Unpinning the magnetic interface between 2D materials and NiFe for ultra-low coercivity spin valves The integration of two-dimensional (2D) materials into spintronic devices could enable unconventional computing paradigms, such as stochastic computing, that surpass CMOS in energy efficiency and device density. However, their implementation has faced unexpectedly high coercivity values, increasing the energy cost of magnetic switching. Here, we investigate the origin of this magnetic pinning at the interface between ferromagnetic NiFe and graphene. Vertical spin valves were fabricated using an Uninterrupted Contact Deposition (UCD) technique that prevents interfacial oxidation and contamination. The resulting near-pristine devices exhibit a 25-fold reduction in coercivity, approaching the intrinsic limit of NiFe, as confirmed by magneto-optical and Hanle effect measurements. The importance of suppressing antiferromagnetic exchange bias was highlighted through the introduction of a remote NiO interface that dominates the device’s magnetic anisotropy. These findings establish the intrinsic behavior of 2D spintronic interfaces and clarify the spin-transport mechanism in graphene, offering a platform for future low-power spin-based logic. Spintronics ; Coercivity ; Ferromagnetism ; Antiferromagnetism ; Interface (matter) ; Spin valve ; Non-blocking I/O ; Exchange bias Graphene research and applications ; Magnetic properties of thin films ; 2D Materials and Applications
Authors: Qingzhong KONG | Na Ma
Source: INMATEH Agricultural Engineering (article, 2025-04-10)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

WHEAT GRAIN APPEARANCE QUALITY DETECTION BASED ON IMPROVED YOLOv8n Wheat grains are a common type of cereal variety, and due to their large quantity and high demand, traditional manual quality inspection requires a significant amount of labor with potentially inadequate results. To address this issue, this study focuses on intact, damaged, moldy, and shriveled wheat grains, and establishes a YOLO-wheat automatic wheat grain appearance quality detection model. First, a large number of wheat grain sample images were collected, preprocessed, and annotated. Next, YOLOv5n, YOLOv8n, and YOLOv10n wheat grain object detection models were established, and the optimal model YOLOv8n was selected as the base model for automatic wheat grain appearance quality detection. To further improve wheat grain detection performance, the Dilation-wise Residual (DWR) module was integrated into the YOLOv8n network structure to enhance feature extraction from the expandable receptive field in the higher layers of the network. Additionally, the TripletAttention attention mechanism was introduced, and this improved network was named YOLO-wheat. Experimental results showed that YOLO-wheat achieved an mAP value of 91.3% in wheat grain appearance quality detection, representing a 4.3% improvement compared to the previous version. This study provides technical support for automatic wheat quality detection. Agronomy ; Grain quality ; Quality (philosophy) ; Wheat grain ; Agricultural engineering ; Environmental science ; Food science ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Engineering ; Biology ; Physics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Smart Agriculture and AI ; Food Supply Chain Traceability
Authors: Jingde Chen | Yuta Mukobara | Kazuki Fujio | Satoshi Chiba | Tatsuya Katabuchi | Chikako Ishizuka
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2025-04-24)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Physics-Embedded Bayesian Neural Network (PE-BNN) to predict Energy Dependence of Fission Product Yields with Fine Structures We present a physics-embedded Bayesian neural network (PE-BNN) framework that integrates fission product yields (FPYs) with prior nuclear physics knowledge to predict energy-dependent FPY data with fine structure. By incorporating an energy-independent phenomenological shell factor as a single input feature, the PE-BNN captures both fine structures and global energy trends. The combination of this physics-informed input with hyperparameter optimization via the Watanabe-Akaike Information Criterion (WAIC) significantly enhances predictive performance. Our results demonstrate that the PE-BNN framework is well-suited for target observables with systematic features that can be embedded as model inputs, achieving close agreement with known shell effects and prompt neutron multiplicities. Hyperparameter ; Artificial neural network ; Nuclear fission product ; Bayesian probability ; Product (mathematics) ; Energy (signal processing) ; Neutron ; Observable Nuclear Materials and Properties ; Nuclear reactor physics and engineering ; Nuclear Physics and Applications