jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Tehreem Shakoor | Rida Younas | Maryam Riasat | Naureen Rana | Muhammad Saail Abbas | Nawaz Haider Bashir | Dr Muhammad Naeem | Huanhuan Chen
Source: Pakistan Journal of Zoological Sciences (article, 2025-07-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Effects of Silver Nitrate (AgNO₃) Nanoparticles on the Growth Performance and Liver of Cyprinus carpio Water pollutants that contaminate water supplies and harm aquatic life all over the world and impact on their growth and physical parameters. Silver nanoparticles have wide use in industries because of their electrical, optical, and antibacterial qualities. The aquatic life has suffered as a result of its widespread use and application. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of various concentrations of silver nitrate nanoparticles on growth performance and liver profile of Cyprinus carpio. In experimental design, total 60 fishes (15 fingerling/ aquarium) were subjected to different concentrations of AgNO3 NPs 0 mg/L (Tₒ serve as control) group), 50 mg/L (T1), 100 mg/L (T2) and 150 mg/L T3). The treatments were compared by applying one way Analysis of variance and variation among mean was evaluated by applying Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) in statistical software R (Version 4.3.3). Results showed that effect of silver nitrate nanoparticles on fish growth rate are toxic and showed non-significant (P&gt;0.05) variation in average weight, specific growth rate and condition factor while, significant (P&lt;0.05) in weight gain, average length and length gain and liver profile (bilirubin, albumin, total protein, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase) of Cyprinus carpio. It can be concluded that silver nitrate nanoparticles at higher concentration (150 mg/L) in T3 have significant (P&lt;0.05) toxic effect on fish growth rate and liver profile of Cyprinus carpio. Cyprinus ; Silver nitrate ; Nitrate ; Silver nanoparticle ; Growth rate ; Alkaline phosphatase ; Pollutant Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Aquatic life and conservation ; Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
Authors: Y.S. Cha | Beom‐Su Kim | Byeong Hee Kim | Young Ho Seo
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2025-08-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Fabrication and Characterization of Transparent and Flexible CNT–PDMS Micro- column Electrode for Electrocardiogram Monitoring Fabrication ; Electrode ; Characterization (materials science) ; Materials science ; Column (typography) ; Optoelectronics ; Nanotechnology ; Composite material ; Mechanical engineering ; Engineering ; Connection (principal bundle) ; Chemistry Carbon Nanotubes in Composites ; Analytical Chemistry and Sensors ; Mechanical and Optical Resonators
Authors: Valeria Rizzo
Source: Foods (article, 2025-12-16)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Sustainable Postharvest Innovations for Fruits and Vegetables: A Comprehensive Review The global food industry is undergoing a critical shift toward sustainability, driven by high postharvest losses-reaching up to 40% for fruits and vegetables-and the need to reduce environmental impact. Sustainable postharvest innovations focus on improving quality, extending shelf life, and minimizing waste through eco-efficient technologies. Advances in non-thermal and minimal processing, including ultrasound, pulsed electric fields, and edible coatings, support nutrient preservation and food safety while reducing energy consumption. Although integrated postharvest technologies can reduce deterioration and microbial spoilage by 70-92%, significant challenges remain, including global losses of 20-40% and the high implementation costs of certain nanostructured materials. Simultaneously, eco-friendly packaging solutions based on biodegradable biopolymers and bio-composites are replacing petroleum-based plastics and enabling intelligent systems capable of monitoring freshness and detecting spoilage. Energy-efficient storage, smart sensors, and optimized cold-chain logistics further contribute to product integrity across distribution networks. In parallel, the circular bioeconomy promotes the valorization of agro-food by-products through the recovery of bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits. Together, these integrated strategies represent a promising pathway toward reducing postharvest losses, supporting food security, and building a resilient, environmentally responsible fresh produce system. Postharvest ; Food spoilage ; Active packaging ; Shelf life ; Food packaging ; Food systems ; Food industry ; Food safety ; Food waste Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management ; Microbial Inactivation Methods
Authors: Taimin Yang | David G. Waterman | Z. Chu | James Beilsten‐Edmands | Zhehao Huang | Xiaodong Zou
Source: Small Methods (article, 2025-10-20)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Serial Chemical Crystallography for Autonomous Quantitative Phase Analysis in an Electron Microscope We present serial electron diffraction with tilt (t-SerialED), a method for fast autonomous phase and structural analysis of beam-sensitive, nano-sized polycrystalline materials. Unlike traditional workflows collecting datasets crystal by crystal, t-SerialED acquires datasets using a batch-by-batch approach, which speeds up the data acquisition. t-SerialED combines robust indexing from 3D reciprocal space with still-shot integration and merging methods from serial crystallography. t-SerialED enables high-throughput analysis of beam-sensitive, multi-phase mixtures across a wide range of materials, from nanoporous frameworks to pharmaceutical compounds. By resolving key challenges in serial crystallography such as indexing and preferred orientation, this method enables precise structure determination, including the visualization of guest molecules and non-covalent interactions like hydrogen bonding and proton charge transfer. Demonstrated on a range of samples from nanoporous materials to pharmaceuticals, t-SerialED expands the capabilities of serial chemical crystallography from single-phase to complex multi-phase systems. It can become a complementary method to traditional crystallography methods, offering a robust solution for routine quantitative phase analysis and structure determination. Electron crystallography ; Phase (matter) ; Reciprocal lattice ; Search engine indexing ; Visualization ; X-ray crystallography ; Crystal structure ; Phase problem X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography ; Enzyme Structure and Function ; Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
Authors: Mohd Razali Faridah | Amelia Najwa Ahmad Hairi | Masni Mat Yusoff | Rozzamri Ashari | Wan Zunairah Wan Ibadullah | Ismail-Fitry Mohamad Rashedi
Source: SSRN Electronic Journal (preprint, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Comparison of the Physicochemical Properties of Palm-Based Shortenings of Various Melting Temperatures and Animal Fats Food science ; Chemistry ; Pulp and paper industry ; Materials science ; Engineering Textile materials and evaluations ; Food Chemistry and Fat Analysis
Authors: Dae Dong Sung
Source:  (article, 2025-08-01)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Simple and Effective Methods for Identifying in Vivo Biomedical Reaction Mechanisms Background: Utilizing the separation techniques based on mass spectrometry, molecular spectrometry and various medicinal treatment drugs in the field of biomedicine can help in understanding and applying treatments for a multitude of different disease or diverse types of cancer and even expand upon efficient and reliable diagnosis in clinical settings. However, despite the use of these technologies, interpretation of the measured results is very difficult. Chemical reaction mechanisms, especially nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism tools can be applied to accurately interpret these measurement results to determine the cause of chronic diseases and develop treatments. Aniline and its derivatives serve as important molecules in biomedicine. Understanding the nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism of basic molecule as aniline helps to accurately understand the base reactions of DNA in our body cells. How the length of telomeres at the ends of DNA in our body’s cells increases or decreases can be understood by applying the reaction mechanism of aniline and its derivatives. Using the nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism tools of basic molecule likely aniline and their derivatives in the field of biomedicine are available to understand and to apply also treatments for multitude of different diseases like Alzheimer’s disease and divers’ types of cancer, and to expand on efficient and reliable diagnosis in clinical treatments. Summary: This article deals with the interpretation of reaction mechanisms that can easily understand the pharmacological reaction and cellular response of biomedicine. Results: Molecular nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism tools of basic molecules likely aniline and their derivatives in the field of biomedicine are available to understand and to apply also treatments for multitude of different diseases like Alzheimer’s disease and divers’ types of cancer, and to expand on efficient and reliable diagnosis in clinical treatments. Conclusions: By understanding the molecular mechanisms that explain drug reactions and therapeutic effects at the molecular level, it can be used for more precise tracking the causes of cancer and chronic diseases, and the reactions that occur within cells during treatment. Simple (philosophy) ; In vivo ; Computer science ; Data science ; Biochemical engineering ; Biology ; Engineering ; Epistemology ; Philosophy ; Biotechnology thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses
Authors: Petra Záhonyi | Dániel Fekete | Erzsébet Moharos | Zsombor  Kristóf Nagy | Edina Szabó
Source: SSRN Electronic Journal (preprint, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

In-Line Raman-Based Quantification of the Anhydrous Content in a Fully Integrated Continuous Powder-to-Granule Line Anhydrous ; Granule (geology) ; Line (geometry) ; Raman spectroscopy ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Composite material ; Organic chemistry ; Mathematics ; Physics ; Optics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Food Quality and Safety Studies
Authors: Hitomi Sawai
Source: Frontiers in Chemical Biology (article, 2025-12-19)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

The importance of ferric reductases for iron uptake in humans Iron is an important metal for all living organisms because it functions as a critical redox catalyst for essential life processes. In the human body, iron is associated with various proteins that regulate vital functions, such as DNA synthesis, oxygen transport and storage, and energy production. Both iron deficiency and excess can negatively affect cellular function. Insufficient iron impairs cell activity, whereas excess iron, particularly in its ferrous (Fe 2+ ) form, can generate harmful reactive oxygen species through the Fenton reaction. Consequently, the body tightly controls the oxidation state and distribution of iron using specialized proteins. Under physiological conditions, iron mainly exists as ferric (Fe 3+ ) compounds like Fe(OH) 3 , which are poorly soluble and difficult for organisms to use. To overcome this, living systems have evolved mechanisms to efficiently acquire iron from their environment. A key strategy involves reducing Fe 3+ to the more soluble Fe 2+ , which can then be transported across cell membranes by specific metal transporters. This reduction is often mediated by heme-containing enzymes that facilitate electron transfer. This review focuses on the characteristics of ferric reductases that participate in iron acquisition in humans, highlighting recent advances in research. Ferrous ; Ferric ; Redox ; Reactive oxygen species ; Iron deficiency ; Enzyme ; Oxidative phosphorylation ; Catalysis Metal-Catalyzed Oxygenation Mechanisms ; Metalloenzymes and iron-sulfur proteins ; Iron Metabolism and Disorders
Authors: D.I. Bilonyk | Олексій Капустян | Heorgii Kanashevych | Ганна Миколаївна Лаптєва | Євгеній Яковлевич Губар | Ігор Методійович Білоник
Source: Technology audit and production reserves (article, 2025-06-09)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Influence of the properties of secondary α-titanium casts, obtained by chamberless electroslag casting, for processing by turning The object of the study is the machinability by turning of secondary α-titanium casts produced via chamberless electroslag remelting (CESR) (hereinafter referred to as secondary α-titanium), using non-consumable electrodes fabricated from 100% VT1-0 titanium scrap. One of the most challenging issues is the difficulty of machining both primary and secondary titanium. Specifically, this includes chip adhesion to the cutting tool due to the high plasticity of titanium alloys and increased contact surface temperatures, which lead to oxidation. The study employed modern metallographic methods to examine the macrostructure, chemical composition, and mechanical properties of α-titanium; experimental methods were used to determine optimal turning conditions; and the machinability coefficient was determined using graphical interpolation. Tool wear resistance was evaluated by comparative methods. Optimal machining parameters were established for the removal of the alpha-case layer and achieving a surface roughness of classes 5–8: cutting speed V = 25–30 mm/min; feed rate S = 0.5–0.9 mm/rev; cutting depth T = 1.0–1.2 mm. The selected turning regimes enable the production of complex threaded profiles in accordance with ISO 724:1993 requirements. The study demonstrated that turning secondary α-titanium casts does not require additional technological measures or high-wear-resistant specialized tools. The machinability coefficient was determined to be 0.47–0.48. The improved machinability of the secondary α-titanium casts is attributed to the high quality of the metal, ensured by droplet-based metal transfer and consistent crystallization in a water-cooled copper mold, resulting in higher density and structural homogeneity. The application of chamberless electroslag casting technology enhanced the quality of α-titanium and expanded the potential for its use in the manufacturing of parts for mechanical engineering, chemical, and aerospace industries. Producing secondary α-titanium using titanium scrap through this technology allows a reduction in production cost by approximately 25–30%. Machinability ; Titanium ; Materials science ; Metallurgy ; Machining ; Surface roughness ; Surface finish ; Titanium alloy ; Composite material ; Alloy Titanium Alloys Microstructure and Properties ; Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes ; Advanced materials and composites
Authors: Wahib Aggoune | Matthias Scheffler
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-06-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Switchable polarization in non-ferroelectric SrTiO$_3$ Perovskites with tunable and switchable polarization hold immense promise for unlocking novel functionalities. Using density-functional theory, we reveal that intrinsic defects can induce, enhance, and control polarization in non-ferroelectric perovskites, with SrTiO$_3$ as our model system. At high defect concentrations, these systems exhibit strong spontaneous polarization - comparable to that of conventional ferroelectrics. Crucially, this polarization is switchable, enabled by the inherent symmetry-equivalence of defect sites in SrTiO$_3$. Strikingly, polarization switching not only reverses the polarization direction and modulates its magnitude but also modifies the spatial distribution of localized defect states. This dynamic behavior points to unprecedented responses to external stimuli, opening new avenues for defect-engineered materials design. Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Polarization rotator ; Induced polarization ; Radial polarization Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides ; Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials ; Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
Authors: Ali Reda | Jean-Michel Mallet | L. Buchaillot | S. Arscott
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-10-14)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Development of a smart farming tool to monitor the degree of dew retting of flax stems Flax fibres are a natural, sustainable product which have applications ranging from textiles to composite materials. A process known as 'retting' is required to facilitate the mechanical extraction of flax fibres from their associated stems. The goal of retting is to break down the binding material (pectin) holding the fibre bundles to the core and epidermis of the stem, not the pectin which holds the single fibres together which form long, practical 'technical' fibres. For natural dew retting, there is therefore an optimum retting period: insufficient retting renders fibre extraction difficult and leads to low yield, whereas excessive retting can lead to poor technical fibre quality. For centuries, the timing of the retting termination has been evaluated by artisanal means. Today, modern technology enables one to envisage tools that indicate optimal retting. Here, we demonstrate the development of a smart tool combining mechanics, digital microscopy, and image analysis. The cracking of the outer tissue of the flax stems, due to mechanical torsion applied to the stems by the tool, is quantified using optical microscopy and image analysis, and is demonstrated to serve as an observable indicator of the degree of retting of the stems. Retting ; Dew ; Bast fibre ; Pectin ; Extraction (chemistry) ; Fiber Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Textile materials and evaluations ; Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Badriyah S. Alotaibi | Haya Yasin | Abida Kalsoom Khan | Muhammad Arshad Javed | Munaza Ijaz
Source: Green Processing and Synthesis (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Integration of traditional medicinal plants with polymeric nanofibers for wound healing Abstract Chronic wounds pose a significant healthcare challenge, necessitating innovative approaches for improved healing. Traditional medicinal plants have long been used for wound care, and recent advancements in nanotechnology offer new possibilities for enhancing their therapeutic effects. Electrospun nanofibers provide an efficient drug delivery system, improving the bioavailability and stability of bioactive compounds. This review explores the integration of phytochemical-loaded nanofibers for wound healing, highlighting their potential in treating various wounds, including burns, diabetic ulcers, and surgical wounds. Additionally, it discusses the medicinal value of traditional plants, their role in wound care, and the future prospects of combining nanotechnology with artificial intelligence for personalized treatment. Nanofiber ; Medicinal plants ; Drug delivery ; Wound dressing ; Wound care ; Wound healing Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Wound Healing and Treatments ; Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications
Authors: Boya Song | Jifei Zhang | Sanwei Hao | Changyou Shao | Runcang Sun
Source: The Innovation Materials (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Redefining hydrogel mechanics through reversible supramolecular chains Supramolecular chemistry ; Chain (unit) ; Polymer ; Supramolecular polymers ; Work (physics) Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials ; Supramolecular Chemistry and Complexes ; Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
Authors: Naima Akter | Ann M. Kennedy | Max Majireck | Mackenzie Cooley
Source: History of Pharmacy and Pharmaceuticals (article, 2025-05-01)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Extractions at the Intersection of Chemistry and History <h3>Abstract</h3> How do and might practicing scientists researching natural products engage with historical pharmacopeias? This article builds on our expanded definition of pharmacopeias to follow a series of interdisciplinary conversations around the study of medicaments at Hamilton College and how that experience has informed the Historical Pharmacopeias (HP) project. How might scientists use old approaches to healing in modern drug development? Written to convey research and foster accessible interchange, this article builds on a tradition of interdisciplinary overlap to combine the work of historians and the HP database with the concrete research of scientists to uncover remedies from the past and proposes methods for using historical sources as a knowledge base for modern pharmaceutical development. We chart the presence of <i>Artemisia</i> in the HP corpus, a species of plant with a long history of medical use, most notably as a treatment for malaria, and propose turning to historical sources to optimize modes of extraction of <i>Artemisia</i>’s natural products. By parallelling this search with attention to <i>Melodinus khasianus</i>, cloves, allspice, St. John’s wort, cinchona bark, eugenol, and isoeugenol, we explore how the HP data set facilitates conversations and dialogues across disciplines, revealing new connections and possible collaborations. By combining historians’ expertise in paleography and the context in which medicaments were used with chemists’ expertise in material analysis, how might new insights about animal, plant, and mineral remedies spur new scientific and pharmaceutical investigations? Intersection (aeronautics) ; Chemistry ; Engineering ; Transport engineering History and advancements in chemistry