jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Elçin Tören | Jakub Wiener
Source: Micro (article, 2025-11-23)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

A Comparative Study on the Spinnability of Collagen/Pullulan Nanofibers Dissolved in Water as a Green Solvent Using Needle vs. Needle-Free Electrospinning Techniques This study investigates electrospinning methodologies using distilled water as an environmentally friendly and non-toxic solvent for fabricating nanofibers composed of fish collagen (COL) and pullulan (PUL). The underlying hypothesis is that incorporating PUL will enhance the spinnability of the electrospun solution through the formation of hydrogen bonds with COL, thereby facilitating improved fiber development within an aqueous system. This study examined the interactions between COL and PUL molecules, focusing on hydrogen bonding and the consequential alterations in secondary structural conformation, to elucidate their effects on the spinnability and stability of COL in water-based solutions. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the advantages of needle-free electrospinning, which enables the efficient production of nanofibers and offers scalability potential for industrial applications. The architecture and properties of the resultant ultra-thin COL/PUL fibers were comprehensively characterized, underscoring their suitability for various biomedical applications. The development of PUL-based skin nanofibers represents a significant advancement in the field of biomaterials, offering a biocompatible and biodegradable alternative for dermatological applications, including skin regeneration, wound healing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and cosmetic science. The benefits of needle-free electrospinning, such as enhanced production efficiency and scalability, are particularly emphasized, demonstrating its potential for the large-scale commercial manufacturing of biocompatible nanofibers. This study aimed to address the research gap regarding the use of distilled water as an eco-friendly and safe solvent for electrospinning nanofibers made from collagen and pullulan. This study aimed to investigate the unexplored potential of distilled water for this application. Nanofiber ; Electrospinning ; Biocompatible material ; Distilled water ; Environmentally friendly ; Pullulan ; Aqueous solution ; Solvent Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Collagen: Extraction and Characterization ; Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
Authors: Loriana Ricciardi | Mauro Iori | Federica Pancotti | Federica Fioroni | Elisa Grassi | Andrea Tonti | Francesco Rizzo | Claudia Giliberti
Source:  (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Innovative Solutions for the Management and Safety of Radioactive Waste Radioactive waste is generated by all activities associated with nuclear energy production, including nuclear power plants and the fuel cycle, as well as research and development activities.In addition, smaller but significant amounts of radioactive waste come from other areas, such as medical diagnosis and treatment, production quality control and scientific research.In Italy, radioactive waste is classified according to its physical state and radioactivity levels, as defined by the Decree of 7 August 2015.Each category of waste requires specific treatment and conditioning processes to minimize its volume and make it suitable for short, medium or long-term storage, final disposal or disposal in accordance with legal standards.The management of this waste requires careful attention to protect workers, the public and the environment from radiological risks.At the national level, waste management is regulated by Legislative Decree no.45/2014 and Legislative Decree no.101/2020 and its amendments, together with the ISIN Technical Guide no.33.This work aims to explore the key technological, regulatory and safety aspects of the management of radioactive waste.It will cover current practices and innovative solutions for waste management. Radioactive waste ; Hazardous waste ; Waste treatment ; Waste disposal ; Nuclear decommissioning Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies ; Nuclear and radioactivity studies
Authors: Vinayak Sahu
Source: Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A Review on various synthesis routes of Carbon Dots) Carbon dots (CDs), discovered in 2004, have gained significant attention in the field of carbon nanomaterials. Researchers have explored various synthesis methods, focusing on simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and scalability. The photoluminescence mechanisms of CDs have been extensively studied, revealing key factors such as molecular state, surface state, and carbon core state. Due to their excellent optical properties, biocompatibility, catalytic activity, and small size, CDs have been widely applied in fields like catalysis, biomedicine, optoelectronics, and sensing. This overview highlights the development of CD synthesis strategies, discusses potential and challenges, and aims to inspire researchers to address technical hurdles and fully harness the potential of CDs. Carbon fibers ; Photoluminescence ; Core (optical fiber) ; Key (lock) ; Catalysis Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications ; Carbon Nanotubes in Composites ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
Authors: Andrey Nikolaev | Elena Markeeva | Eugene G. Maksimov | Anna Yudenko | Elena V. Tropina | К. Н. Болдырев | Yuliya Nikolaeva | Dmitry A. Cherepanov | Kirill Kovalev | Yuqi Yang | Valentin Borshchevskiy | Elizaveta Kuznetsova | Alexander Kuzmin | Oleg Semenov | Alina Remeeva | Ivan Gushchin
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2025-06-08)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Discovery of excited state proton transfer in flavin-based fluorescent protein with large Stokes shift Flavin-binding proteins (flavoproteins) are widespread in nature, revealing versatile oxidation-reduction reactions and photochemistry. Flavoproteins derived from LOV domains are used for engineering of ligh-tresponsive tools in optogenetics, as well as fluorescent markers and photogenerators of reactive oxygen species. Despite extensiev efforts, all currently used LOV-derived proteins have similar absorption spectra with maxima around 275, 35-0375, and 450-485 nm. Here, we describe the discovery of a large Stokes shift flavi-nbased fluorescent protein, LSSFbFP, which can be obtained in vivo and in vitro , with absorption maxima at 340-350 and 395-405 nm. Fluorescence emission of LSSFbFP mirrors that of classical FbFPs with the maximum at ~500 nm. We sho that the protein binds lumichrome as the chromophore and use low temperature and time-resolved spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography and modeling to prove that the apparent Stokes shift of LSSFbFP occurs due to excited state proton phenomena observed in flavoproteni s and pave the way for engineering of new flavin-based molecular instruments. Stokes shift ; Excited state ; Fluorescence ; Flavin group ; Fluorescent protein ; Proton ; Photochemistry ; Chemistry ; State (computer science) ; Green fluorescent protein ; Physics ; Atomic physics ; Biochemistry ; Computer science ; Quantum mechanics ; Enzyme Photochemistry and Electron Transfer Studies ; Photoreceptor and optogenetics research ; Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
Authors: Nimai C. Nayak | Mohammad Saquib | Shilpa Shetty | Kalpitha M. Bangera | Ramakrishna Nayak | M. Selvakumar
Source: Discover Applied Sciences (article, 2025-11-04)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

In-situ grown nickel selenide nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes for high performance flexible micro supercapacitors Abstract The advancement of flexible and efficient energy storage devices is critical for next-generation portable electronics. In this work, we report the in-situ growth of nickel selenide (NiSe) nanoparticles over multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to fabricate a high-performance flexible micro-supercapacitor (MSC) via a screen-printing technique. A novel conductive ink was formulated using NiSe/MWCNT nanocomposites and an eco-friendly binder system composed of cellulose acetate propionate and diacetone alcohol. The ink exhibited excellent thixotropic behaviour, ensuring optimal printability and film uniformity on PET substrates with silver current collectors. The fabricated symmetric MSC delivered a high areal capacitance of 321.9 $$\text{m}\text{F}{\text{c}\text{m}}^{-2}$$ at a current density of 0.5 $$\text{m}\text{A}{\text{c}\text{m}}^{-2}$$ and retained 93.3% of its initial capacitance after 5000 charge/discharge cycles. Furthermore, the asymmetric MSC (NiSe/MWCNT//AC) exhibited an outstanding areal capacitance of 478.9 $$\text{m}\text{F}{\text{c}\text{m}}^{-2}$$ and excellent cyclic stability. The synergy between the pseudocapacitive behaviour of NiSe and the high conductivity and surface area of MWCNTs significantly improved the electrochemical performance. This cost-effective and scalable screen-printing approach demonstrates strong potential for practical applications in wearable and flexible energy storage devices. Supercapacitor ; Capacitance ; Carbon nanotube ; Nanoparticle ; Selenide ; Energy storage ; Current density ; Inkwell ; Nickel Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication ; MXene and MAX Phase Materials ; Advancements in Battery Materials
Authors: Nishadi M. Bandara | Khandaker Umaiya | Michael Joyce | C. Gouveia | Douglas H. Adamson
Source: ChemRxiv (preprint, 2025-06-09)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Piezoresistive Graphene-Based Porous Hydrogels for Dual Applications in Wearable Sensing and Environmental Remediation This study presents the synthesis of porous hydrogels templated by self-assembled percolating graphene networks. These networks are formed by the spontaneous exfoliation of graphite at oil/water interfaces to form graphene-stabilized emulsions. Compression testing and electrical measurements reveal a reduction in electrical resistance under strain, providing a robust and reliable strain-sensing mechanism with a gauge factor of 13 at a 5% strain. Cyclic compression-relaxation experiments conducted at various strain amplitudes demonstrate reversibility in the mechanical and piezoresistive responses of the hydrogel. Furthermore, variations in crosslinking density significantly affect piezoresistive sensitivity, making these hydrogels particularly suited for real-time motion monitoring applications. When attached to the finger, the change in resistance smoothly varied from ~35% to ~70% as the bend angle increased from 30° to 90°, and importantly, the resistance remained constant when the angle was maintained. In addition to strain sensing, these hydrogels exhibit promising absorptive capabilities, enabling the efficient removal of organic dyes and heavy metal ions through compress-release cycles. The application of an 8V potential approximately tripled the amount of copper ion removal. Overall, the hydrogel's unique combination of elasticity, conductivity, and absorption capabilities highlights its potential in wearable sensor technologies and environmental remediation applications. Piezoresistive effect ; Graphene ; Wearable computer ; Dual (grammatical number) ; Self-healing hydrogels ; Materials science ; Environmental remediation ; Nanotechnology ; Porosity ; Wearable technology ; Dual role ; Computer science ; Optoelectronics ; Composite material ; Embedded system ; Chemistry ; Contamination ; Ecology Conducting polymers and applications ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
Authors: A S Lakshmi | G Dhanraj | S. Rajeshkumar | A Jayasree | S S Deepthi
Source: Plant Science Today (article, 2025-12-24)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Embryonic toxicology evaluation of citrus fruit (Citrus reticulata and Citrus limonum) peel mediated hydroxyapatite nanocomposite Nanotechnology is a rapidly evolving scientific field due to advantages such as improved bioavailability, enhanced bioactivity and targeted drug delivery. However, concerns exist regarding its potential toxicity, as nanoparticles can enter the biological systems and induce inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and genotoxicity. These risks necessitate comprehensive toxicological evaluations to ensure their safe biomedical use. Green synthesis, particularly using citrus fruit peels, presents an eco-friendly alternative for nanoparticle production by leveraging bioactive compounds to reduce toxicity. This study aimed to assess the embryonic toxicity of citrus fruit (Citrus reticulata and C. limonum) peel-mediated hydroxyapatite nanocomposites, providing insights into their safety and guiding future research toward sustainable nanotechnology applications. Green synthesis of C. reticulata and C. limonum-mediated hydroxy apatite nanocomposites was successfully carried out. The toxicity of developed nanocomposite was assessed using embryonic toxicology evaluation in zebrafish. Stereo microscopic analysis was done for the assessment of morphologic features, developmental stages and potential malformation of zebrafish embryos. At a 24 hr interval, hatching rate and embryonic viability rates were measured. Sublethal toxicity was observed in the zebrafish embryonic toxicology evaluation, with a dose-dependent hatching rate and embryonic viability. Overall, C. reticulata and C. limonum-mediated hydroxyapatite nanocomposites exhibited very low toxicity based on zebrafish embryonic toxicology evaluations. Embryonic stem cell ; Toxicity ; Zebrafish ; Developmental toxicity ; Environmental toxicology ; Acute toxicity ; Hatching ; Regeneration (biology) Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Bone Tissue Engineering Materials ; Advanced Cellulose Research Studies
Authors: Vehary Sakanyan
Source: BioTech (review, 2025-06-27)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Reactive Molecules in Cigarette Smoke: Rethinking Cancer Therapy Science has made significant progress in detecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tobacco smoke, which is an important step for precision cancer therapy. An important advance is also the understanding that superoxide can be produced by electrophilic molecules. The dual action of hydrogen peroxide, directly or via electrophilic molecules, in the development of oxidative stress allows for the identification of target proteins that can potentially stop unwanted signals in cancer development. However, despite advances in proteomics, reliable inhibitors to stop ROS-associated cancer progression have not yet been proposed for the treatment of tobacco cigarette smokers. This is likely due to an imperfect understanding of the diversity of molecular mechanisms of anti-ROS action. Fluorescent protein detection in living cells, called in-gel, offers a direct route to a better understanding of the rapid interaction of ROS and electrophilic compounds with targeted proteins. It seemed that the traditional paradigm of pharmaceutical innovation "one drug, one disease" did not solve the problem of tobacco smoking causing cancer. However, among the various therapeutic treatments for tobacco smokers, the best way to combat cancer today is smoking cessation, which fits into the "one-cure" paradigm. Cigarette smoke ; Cancer therapy ; Cancer ; Medicine ; Smoke ; Environmental health ; Chemistry ; Internal medicine Free Radicals and Antioxidants ; Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress ; Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Maija Vuoriluoto | Tekla Tammelin | Hannes Orelma
Source: Cellulose (article, 2025-06-24)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Understanding interactions of pharmaceutical pollutants with cellulosic materials Abstract This research examines the interaction mechanisms of pharmaceutical pollutants ibuprofen (IBP) and naproxen (NPR) (anti-inflammatory compounds), and 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) (estrogenic compound) with cellulosic materials via adsorption studies utilizing Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technique. The goal was to identify the key factors affecting the affinity between cellulose materials and pollutants in a systematic fashion with real-time adsorption monitoring to support the development of sustainable water purification technologies. The anti-inflammatory and estrogenic compounds were adsorbed on ultrathin films (thickness ~ 10-20 nm) of nanocellulose with varying surface charge (mechanically disintegrated cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TCNF)), and polymeric cellulose with varying degree of hydrophobicity (regenerated cellulose (RC), cellulose triacetate (CTA) and trimethylsilyl cellulose (TMSC)). Highly hygroscopic and negatively charged nanocellulose surfaces showed low affinity for drugs, while regenerated cellulose exhibited higher adsorption capacity probably due to its amphiphilic nature. Indeed, the hydrophobic character of cellulose derivatives was found to significantly impact pharmaceutical adsorption, especially in case of EE2. Hydrophobic TMSC and CTA films demonstrated adsorption for hormonal pollutant, with nearly ten-fold higher adsorption than anti-inflammatory compounds. Pharmaceuticals were detectable on hydrophobized cellulose surfaces at trace concentrations of 0.1–1 µg/mL. Langmuir adsorption model showed the highest adsorption coefficient for EE2 on TMSC, emphasizing its efficacy at capturing hormonal pollutants at low concentrations. Adsorption was mostly irreversible after rinsing, highlighting the need for specific modifications to cellulose to achieve desired selectivity and efficiency for pollutant removal. These findings aid in designing efficient membrane and sensor systems for capturing and purifying pharmaceutical-contaminated water streams. Cellulosic ethanol ; Pollutant ; Polymer science ; Materials science ; Cellulose ; Biochemical engineering ; Chemical engineering ; Engineering ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry Advanced Cellulose Research Studies ; biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties ; Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging
Authors: Christina Dorado | Wei Zhao | David Wood | Anne Plotto
Source: Sustainable Food Technology (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Properties of steam exploded orange peel fiber as compared to commercial citrus fiber and peel powders Steam explosion (STEX) can be used to produce food fibers from orange peel with similar properties to that of commercial citrus fiber. Orange (colour) ; Materials science ; Pulp and paper industry ; Steam explosion ; Fiber ; Composite material ; Chemistry ; Food science ; Engineering Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Advanced Cellulose Research Studies ; Textile materials and evaluations
Authors: Safwan Al-Qawabah
Source: International Journal of Advances in Soft Computing and its Applications (article, 2025-03-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Effect of Age Hardening on the Mechanical Properties, Microhardness, and Corrosion Resistance of Zn-Cu-Al Shape Memory Alloy Nowadays, shape memory alloys (SMA) are widely employed in various engineering applications, particularly in the fields of vibration control, electrical sensors, robotics, and aircraft. The primary issue stems from their mechanical properties' weakness. Thus, the goal of this research is to improve the mechanical qualities by using age hardening. Cu-Zn-Al shape memory alloy was created in this paper. Specimens of the Cu-Zn-Al shape memory alloywere subjected to general microstructure, microhardness, and corrosion tests throughout the as-cast and after-age hardening processes.It was discovered that there was a noticeable improvement in microhardness, which rose by 25.17% following age hardening and 19.8% following corrosion. Indentation hardness ; Materials science ; Metallurgy ; Alloy ; Corrosion ; Hardening (computing) ; Shape-memory alloy ; Composite material ; Microstructure Shape Memory Alloy Transformations
Authors: Wenze Li | Huanguang Deng | Wen-Long Duan | Ye-Xia Li | Feng Xu | Jian Luan
Source: Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials (article, 2025-09-22)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Carbon-Coated Polyphase Metal/Metal Oxides Derived from Co/Ni-Based Coordination Polymers for Efficient Removal of Environmental Pollutants Polyphase system ; Hydrothermal circulation ; Polymer ; Pyrolysis ; Pollutant ; Degradation (telecommunications) ; Carbon fibers ; Hydrothermal synthesis Catalytic Processes in Materials Science ; Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques ; Nanomaterials for catalytic reactions
Authors: Daniela Haidu | Roxana Nicola | D. Rusu | Cătălin Ianăşi | Maxwell W. Terban | Ana-Maria Lacrămă
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2025-11-24)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Thiol-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Carriers for Clotrimazole: Synthesis, Textural Characterization, and Ph-Dependent Release Behaviour Functionalized mesoporous silica particles were synthesized via a simplified sol–gel co-condensation method using mixed silica precursors—tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and (3-mercaptopropyl) triethoxysilane (MPTES)—in two different molar ratios, alongside a reference non-functionalized MCM-41 sample. The obtained materials were characterized by nitrogen adsorption–desorption (BET–BJH–DFT) to assess their textural properties. The results confirmed a significant decrease in surface area and pore volume upon functionalization (from 1213 to 72.35 and 16.06 m² g⁻¹), accompanied by narrower pore diameters (2.4–3.5 nm), indicating partial pore blocking and increased surface tortuosity in the M1 and M2 samples. All materials demonstrated excellent carrier capacity for the hydrophobic antifungal drug clotrimazole (CLZ), achieving loading efficiencies close to 99% in all tested solvent media. The release behaviour was evaluated in acidic and mildly acidic environments (0.1 N HCl, KCl–HCl buffer pH 2, and acetate buffer pH 4.5). The best performance was observed when the same buffer was used for both drug loading and release, with cumulative release values between 51–91% at pH 2, while release remained in the 11–20% range at pH 4.5 and around 45% in 0.1 N HCl after 6 h. These findings highlight the influence of surface chemistry and pore architecture on drug–matrix interactions, confirming the potential of thiol-functionalized silica carriers for controlled delivery of hydrophobic drugs under pH-relevant conditions. The measured release time was evaluated for 24 hours via classical evaluation and for 3 hours and 20 minutes for the experiments performed with the dissolution instrument. The water: propan diol mixture solution has been chosen in order to mimic the pH of the skin level conditions. The different acidic solution has been chosen in order to mimic the acidic pH around a cancercell or around an inflammation. The extreme pH conditions (1 or 2) were chosen in order to model the dissolution of a drug with very low water solubility in an acidic environment. Moreover, these systems are very rarely studied in the literature. Mesoporous silica ; Dissolution ; Mesoporous material ; Buffer (optical fiber) ; Triethoxysilane ; Porosity ; Drug carrier ; Surface modification ; MCM-41 Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis ; Aerogels and thermal insulation ; Diatoms and Algae Research