jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Аnatoliy Pavlenko
Source: Energies (article, 2026-02-24)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Evaluation of the Intensity of Heat and Mass Transfer Processes in Cavitation Environments This study investigates the impact of cavitation phenomena on heat and mass transfer in working fluids. To quantify the intensity of transport processes within cavitation bubble clusters, a numerical analysis of bubble dynamics was carried out with explicit consideration of fluid compressibility. The results demonstrate that physicochemical transformations induced by cavitation are governed not only by shock waves and pressure pulses generated during bubble collapse, but also by extreme thermal effects arising within collapsing cavitation clouds. Under conditions of maximum bubble compression, the vapor inside the bubbles and the surrounding liquid may undergo a transition to a supercritical state. The developed model elucidates the structure of microflows in the interbubble region and provides a quantitative evaluation of local velocity, pressure, and heat flux fields. The systematic assessment of cavitation-enhanced heat and mass transfer offers valuable insights for the advancement of conventional heat and mass transfer technologies and the design of innovative devices in mechanical and chemical engineering. Cavitation ; Bubble ; Mass transfer ; Heat transfer ; Intensity (physics) ; Supercritical fluid ; Shock (circulatory) ; Heat flux Ultrasound and Cavitation Phenomena ; Cavitation Phenomena in Pumps ; Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer
Authors: Liangwei XIONG | Gang Jung Jiang | Jia Bao Wei | Yuanfeng Xu | Wenrong Feng | Jianlin Li | Tang YongKai
Source: Frontiers in Nutrition (article, 2026-03-06)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Dietary supplementation of coconut meat modulates growth performance, nutritional composition, and internal regulation in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) Results revealed a significantly higher CF values in females fed the coconut-supplemented diet (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Lauric acid (C12:0) content in gonads was significantly increased in the experimental group of male and female crabs, and female gonads also exhibited elevated polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels (<i>P</i> < 0.05). In male crabs, muscle levels of the flavor-related amino acids glutamate, glycine, and alanine were significantly higher in the experimental group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, dietary coconut supplementation significantly enhanced overall antioxidant capacity, as indicated by improved GPx, CAT, and T-AOC values (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Transcriptome analysis highlighted 71 and 4,380 DEGs in experimental male and female crabs, respectively, relative to control group. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were primarily involved in metabolic and developmental pathways, such as carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, Cell growth and death and endocrine. A total of 39 key DEGs were identified as central to the physiological responses induced by coconut supplementation. These findings provided a scientific basis for the use of coconut meal as a functional feed ingredient for Chinese mitten crab, and contributed to foundational knowledge for constructing gene regulatory networks related to nutritional quality in this species. Lauric acid ; Transcriptome ; Polyunsaturated fatty acid ; Amino acid ; Antioxidant ; Fatty acid ; Docosahexaenoic acid ; Essential amino acid Coconut Research and Applications ; Innovations in Aquaponics and Hydroponics Systems ; Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
Authors: Yan Wang | Jiaming Zhu | Xu Zhang | Fei Tong | Qiaoping Xu
Source: Frontiers in Immunology (article, 2026-03-27)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Anti-inflammatory effects of 1,8-cineol via NF-κB/COX-2 pathway in BEAS-2B cells and alleviates bronchoconstriction and airway hyperreactivity in ovalbumin sensitized mice 1,8-cineol inhibits TGF-β1-driven EMT and airway inflammation by modulating the NF-κB/COX-2 pathway, highlighting its therapeutic potential for asthma. Ovalbumin ; Bronchoconstriction ; Airway ; Airway hyperresponsiveness ; Inflammation ; Asthma ; Bronchoalveolar lavage Wood and Agarwood Research ; Phytochemistry and biological activity of medicinal plants ; Ginger and Zingiberaceae research
Authors: Qi Zhang | Ligui Xiong | Xuan Xu
Source: Frontiers in Plant Science (article, 2026-01-06)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Editorial: Secondary metabolites in beverage plant: metabolism, function, and regulation secondary metabolites in beverage plants not only contribute distinctive sensory properties but also play crucial roles in plant development, such as acting as antioxidants for photoprotection, and endow health-promoting effects [2]. Nevertheless, the content and metabolic pathways of these secondary metabolites are highly sensitive to environmental conditions and are regulated by multiple factors, including plant variety, soil composition, growth environment, horticultural practices, harvesting time, processing techniques, and storage conditions [3]. This complexity gives rise to diverse and intricate biosynthetic pathways of secondary metabolites in beverage plants [4]. In conclusion, the study of secondary metabolites in beverage plants requires a comprehensive investigation into their metabolism, functional roles, and regulatory mechanisms.This editorial seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of studies addressing the metabolism, function, and regulation of secondary metabolites in beverage plants in this special issue, intended to expand our understanding of these compounds and their potential for enhancing flavor profiles and health benefits. The special issue comprises one review and eight original research articles investigating tea plants and their wild relatives, as well as multiple cultivars of coconut, wampee, and chrysanthemum. The Secondary metabolite ; Secondary metabolism ; Metabolic pathway ; Primary metabolite ; Health benefits ; Metabolomics ; Beverage industry Coconut Research and Applications ; Tea Polyphenols and Effects ; Coffee research and impacts
Authors: Martina Bartolucci | Olga Utyro | A. Muraglia | Alessia Repetto | Vanessa Agostini | Monica Pizzonia | S Ottaviani | Gino Tripodi | G. Filaci | Ranieri Cancedda | A Petretto | Maddalena Mastrogiacomo
Source: Frontiers in Immunology (article, 2026-01-07)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Exploring the impact of age, sex and life experiences on plasma inflammatory profiles through comparative proteomics Proteomic analysis of plasma revealed protein variations associated with aging, primarily involving inflammation-related pathways, immunosenescence features, and sex-linked differences. This study highlights the pathological characteristics underlying the aging process. Immunosenescence ; Proteomics ; Pathological ; Inflammation ; Ageing ; Blood proteins Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology ; Blood donation and transfusion practices
Authors: Sulastri Arsad | Romain Gastineau | Małgorzata Bąk | Mateusz Rybak | Ewa Górecka | Claude Lemieux | Monique Turmel | Fiddy Semba Prasetiya | Christopher S. Lobban
Source: Frontiers in Marine Science (article, 2026-03-11)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Not Caloneis egena: morphological description and complete plastid and mitochondrial genomes of Caloneis paraegena sp. nov. from the Gulf of Tomini, Indonesia Introduction Caloneis egena is a species of diatom originally described from Campeche Bay (Mexico) that is regarded as cosmopolitan, with several reports from the Pacific region. Methods A strain of diatom from the genus Caloneis was isolated from the Gulf of Tomini, Sulawesi (Indonesia). It was subjected to an integrated approach combining microscopy, genomic analyses, and phylogeny. Results Although looking similar to C. egena , the strain from Tomini was found to be a new species, hereby described as Caloneis paraegena sp. nov. The complete mitochondrial and plastid genomes were sequenced and annotated and represent the first organellar genomes made available for the genus Caloneis . The multigene phylogeny inferred from these results positions C. paraegena as sister to a clade that associates Caloneis fontinalis , C. silicula , and C. lewisii . Discussion A survey of the literature dedicated to C. egena led to questioning its distribution, suggesting that records from the Pacific region might, in fact, represent C. paraegena based on morphology. Because of the absence of a molecular reference for C. egena , the exact relationship between these two species remains to be verified. Diatom ; Plastid ; Genome ; Clade ; Genus ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Phylogenetics ; Strain (injury) Diatoms and Algae Research ; Algal biology and biofuel production ; Marine and coastal ecosystems
Authors: Shuanglong Cai | Shaohong Yu | Xiuquan Lin | Quan Zhou | Xiaoxin Zheng | H. Chen | Tao Ma | Xiaogeng Chen | Hong Sun | Yong Qiang Shi
Source: Frontiers in Immunology (article, 2026-02-04)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Adjuvant pegylated liposomal doxorubicin versus epirubicin sequential paclitaxel in triple-negative breast cancer: comparable efficacy with a distinct safety profile In adjuvant therapy for TNBC, PLD sequential paclitaxel demonstrated comparable efficacy to epirubicin sequential paclitaxel. However, PLD exhibited a distinct and generally more favorable safety profile, except for specific toxicities such as hand-foot syndrome and mucositis. The developed nomogram may aid in individualized prognosis prediction. Epirubicin ; Adjuvant ; Paclitaxel ; Safety profile ; Doxorubicin ; Adjuvant therapy Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Breast Cancer Treatment Studies ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
Authors: Jianan Dong | Boxue Du | Z. H. Wang | Zhijun Guo | Hucheng Liang
Source: High Voltage (article, 2026-01-16)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Failure Probability Evaluation of GIL Tri‐Post Insulators Under Electromechanical Stresses ABSTRACT Based on the energy theory, this paper proposes an evaluation method for the breakdown failure probability of the tri‐post insulator in a gas‐insulated metal‐enclosed transmission line (GIL). Various internal defects, vector forces and torque forces were considered, along with the application of an AC voltage. Both the simulation and experimental results show that the breakdown channel of the insulator with a GND (ground) defect is a straight line, whereas that of the insulator with a HV defect is bending. As the angle α between the vector force and the axis of the insulator leg increases, the failure probability of the insulator increases, and the effect of the vector force on breakdown transitions from suppression to promotion. When subjected to the gravity of the insulator and the conductor, the insulator in the horizontally laid GIL presents a lower failure probability compared to that in the vertically laid GIL. Moreover, the breakdown failure probability is lowest when the three legs of the insulator are arranged in the 60°, 180° and 300° directions. The torque force noticeably deflects the breakdown channel in the direction of the torque due to the asymmetric distribution of the strain energy density along the axis of the insulator leg. This study aims to provide theoretical guidance for evaluating the breakdown failure probability of insulators. Insulator (electricity) ; Torque ; Probability distribution ; Arc flash ; Electric power transmission ; Probability density function ; Voltage ; Transmission line High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Thermal Analysis in Power Transmission ; Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena
Authors: Suhaas G. Garre | Erik Knutsen | Sushant Mehta | Edwin Chen
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (article, 2026-04-08)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Riemann-Bench: A Benchmark for Moonshot Mathematics Recent AI systems have achieved gold-medal-level performance on the International Mathematical Olympiad, demonstrating remarkable proficiency at competition-style problem solving. However, competition mathematics represents only a narrow slice of mathematical reasoning: problems are drawn from limited domains, require minimal advanced machinery, and can often reward insightful tricks over deep theoretical knowledge. We introduce \bench{}, a private benchmark of 25 expert-curated problems designed to evaluate AI systems on research-level mathematics that goes far beyond the olympiad frontier. Problems are authored by Ivy League mathematics professors, graduate students, and PhD-holding IMO medalists, and routinely took their authors weeks to solve independently. Each problem undergoes double-blind verification by two independent domain experts who must solve the problem from scratch, and yields a unique, closed-form solution assessed by programmatic verifiers. We evaluate frontier models as unconstrained research agents, with full access to coding tools, search, and open-ended reasoning, using an unbiased statistical estimator computed over 100 independent runs per problem. Our results reveal that all frontier models currently score below 10\%, exposing a substantial gap between olympiad-level problem solving and genuine research-level mathematical reasoning. By keeping the benchmark fully private, we ensure that measured performance reflects authentic mathematical capability rather than memorization of training data. Benchmark (surveying) ; Estimator ; Mathematical problem ; Olympiad ; Domain (mathematical analysis) ; Frontier ; Mathematical model Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Mathematics, Computing, and Information Processing ; Advanced Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Sana ElAzzeh | Hanai Al Shammari | Shahad Hajy | Aisha Al Kandari | Dhuha Al Mutairi
Source: Journal of Building Material Science (article, 2026-01-16)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Investigating Thermal Performance of Building Materials for Improved Comfort and Energy Efficiency This research investigates the mixed proportions of cement, sand, water, superplasticizer, and waste materials, like recycled concrete, recycled rubber, recycled wood, tea-leaf residue, and recycled plastic, with their replacement levels clearly reported for reliability. Eight mixes were manufactured and tested at the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR). The samples were then cured for 28 days, and compressive strength and thermal conductivity were measured. The control mix (Mix 1) showed a thermal conductivity of 0.788 W/m·K, while the wood and plastic mix (Mix 7) showed the lowest value of 0.266 W/m·K, which is equivalent to good insulation performance. Thermal conductivity (k) and thermal resistance (R) were reported together to provide a complementary insulation assessment for 50 mm (R = 0.05/k). Relative to the control (k = 0.788 W/m·K, R = 0.063 m²·K/W), Mix 7 (wood + plastic) achieved the best insulation (k = 0.266 W/m·K, R = 0.188 m²·K/W), representing a 66.27% reduction in k and a 196.45% increase in R. Mix 2 also showed strong insulation gains (k = 0.316 W/m·K, R = 0.158 m²·K/W, −59.95% k, +149.67% R), whereas strength results indicate these highly insulating mixes are most suitable for non-load-bearing applications. Compressive strength varied significantly across mixes, ranging from 0.38 MPa in wood-plastic composites to 19.30 MPa in the control, highlighting the trade-off between strength and insulation. The outcomes of this research are the demonstration of the capacity of the recycled and organic additive options to create energy-efficient, eco-friendly building materials fit for Kuwait's hot climate. Thermal conductivity ; Compressive strength ; Thermal insulation ; Thermal ; Thermal resistance ; Efficient energy use ; Thermal efficiency Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Hygrothermal properties of building materials ; Recycled Aggregate Concrete Performance
Authors: Jim Y. Huang
Source: TSpace (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Before Structure: Admissibility, Routing, and Object Formation in Structural Fiscalistics Institutional analysis often begins too late. By the time a system interprets, compares, classifies, or judges, the materials before it have already passed through a prior layer of selection, admission, routing, and formatting. What appears at the level of visible structure is therefore not origin, but result. Structure does not arise from raw reality on its own. It depends on earlier conditions that determine what may enter, in what form, under what description, and with what degree of institutional usability. This article uses the phrase Before Structure to name that prior layer. The term does not refer merely to temporal sequence, but to logical priority: the threshold at which admissibility, routing, and object formation converge before stable structure can appear. By naming this threshold directly, the discussion clarifies a level of institutional reality that is often presupposed but rarely isolated as a distinct object of analysis. The article further argues that Before Structure condenses an already visible trajectory within Structural Fiscalistics and provides a clearer vocabulary for relating Fiscal Epistemology to Fiscal Geometry. Object (grammar) ; Set (abstract data type) ; Feature (linguistics) ; Process (computing) ; Sequence (biology) Quasicrystal Structures and Properties ; Urban Design and Spatial Analysis ; Philosophy and History of Science
Authors: Shaojin Ma | Xue Bai | Yan Bai | Jiajia Shao
Source: PLoS ONE (article, 2026-04-10)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

A computer vision approach for the grading of cotton base load ages in measuring the performance of washing machine The performance testing standards for washing machines specify clear requirements regarding the age of the base load used. To enable non-contact detection of the service life of the test fabric and thereby improve the consistency of washing machine performance test results, this study employed computer vision techniques to investigate the feasibility of using image features of the base load for age grading. Base load samples underwent 1-100 accelerated washing cycles were categorized into five degradation stages (C1-C5 were used to represent base loads with ages of 1-20 cycles, 21-40 cycles, 41-60 cycles, 61-80 cycles, and 81-100 cycles, respectively). Wrinkle information and plain weave structure information were extracted from base load images, from which color, texture and area features were obtained. In addition, k-nearest neighbors (kNN), multilayer perceptron (MLP), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and logistic regression (LR) classifiers were trained to grade the age of base load. As a result, LR classifier demonstrated robust overall performance, achieving accuracy of 0.75, 0.75, 0.62, 0.75, and 1.00 for C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5, respectively. Models utilizing exclusively plain weave structure-derived features consistently outperformed those using only wrinkle-derived features across all classifiers. These results validate computer vision as an effective tool for objective base load aging assessment, offering significant potential to streamline washing machine testing protocols and enhance sustainability. Future work can be focused on expanding sample sizes and exploring mobile-based implementation. Linear discriminant analysis ; Base (topology) ; Logistic regression ; Grading (engineering) ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Classifier (UML) ; Universal testing machine ; Machine vision Textile materials and evaluations ; Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection ; Dyeing and Modifying Textile Fibers
Authors: Fan Zhang | Qiong Zhang | Madhura Limaye | Dhanashree Shinde | Gang Li | Sai Aditya Pradeep | Srikanth Pilla
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (article, 2026-03-03)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A Decision Analysis Framework for High-fidelity and Low-fidelity Systems with Applications in Manufacturing Processes Optimizing complex manufacturing processes often involves a trade-off between data accuracy and acquisition cost. High-fidelity data are accurate but limited, while low-fidelity data are abundant but often biased. Balancing these two sources is critical for efficient manufacturing optimization. To address this challenge, we develop a decision analysis framework based on multi-fidelity Gaussian process (GP) modeling based on the Kennedy-O'Hagan (KOH) framework. We propose a systematic Bayesian calibration approach using multi-fidelity GPs that explicitly quantifies the model discrepancy, and an algorithm that combines posterior sampling of calibration parameters with predictive sampling to characterize the distribution of optimal input settings and their associated uncertainty. These components are integrated into a five-stage practical workflow for the optimization of manufacturing processes. Through an illustrative example and two real-world applications in composite cure cycle optimization and injection molding process control, we demonstrate how the framework integrates information from both high-fidelity and low-fidelity data sources to support decision-making under parameter uncertainty. Workflow ; Calibration ; Sampling (signal processing) ; Process (computing) ; Bayesian probability ; Posterior probability ; Decision support system ; Gaussian process Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms ; Gaussian Processes and Bayesian Inference
Authors: Mohammed Hussain AlWadei
Source: Tobacco Induced Diseases (article, 2026-04-01)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Correlation between the color stability and contact profilometry results of different CAD/CAM ceramic materials after staining with black shammah and DZRT smokeless tobacco Prolonged exposure to ST induced clinically significant color changes in IPS e.max CAD. Meanwhile, Ceramill Zolid PS and VITABLOCS Mark II demonstrated superior color stability over other materials. Material selection for ST users should prioritize zirconia or feldspathic ceramics to minimize aesthetic compromise. Profilometer ; Ceramic ; Smokeless tobacco ; Staining ; Stability (learning theory) ; Black tea Pigment Synthesis and Properties ; Advanced ceramic materials synthesis ; Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production
Authors: Muhammad Bello Gusau
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2026-01-07)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Evaluation of Physical Properties of Locally Available Materials Used for the Production of Radiation Shielding Concrete in Northern Nigeria. Specific gravity ; Fineness ; Cement ; Aggregate (composite) ; Moisture ; Radiation shielding ; Absorption of water ; Water content Radiation Shielding Materials Analysis ; Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies ; Engineering and Material Science Research