jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: João C. W. A. Costa | Rita de Cássia Garbo | Gabrielli Guerra | Andréia Soprani dos Santos | Cleber Augusto da Silva | Jaqueline Leme Sodatti | Daniele Cristina de Lima | Markus Ferrari
Source:  (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Correlação entre método semiquantitativo para detecção de proteína em exame de urina I e método quantitativo em amostra isolada de urina Objetivo: O exame de urina I é um exame de rotina e permite avaliar o bom funcionamento dos rins e identificar doenças como infecções, cálculos urinários e insuficiência renal. Um importante parâmetro do exame é a detecção da presença de proteínas, que pode ser indicativa de alterações renais, hipertensão arterial ou diabetes, entre outras doenças. O objetivo deste estudo foi correlacionar a detecção semiquantitativa de proteína em exame de urina I e a dosagem de proteína quantitativa em amostra isolada de urina. Método: Foram selecionados 20 pacientes que coletaram amostra de urina para realização do exame de urina I. A urina foi analisada pelo equipamento da Sysmex UC-3500 e pelo equipamento Abbott Architect c8000. A análise semiquantitativa obtida pela fita reagente do equipamento da Sysmex foi correlacionada com a dosagem quantitativa do outro analisador. Conclusão: Das 20 amostras analisadas, 6 (30%) apresentaram proteinúria na fita reagente, que variou de 30 a 300 mg/dL. Dessas, todas também apresentaram dosagem de proteína por método quantitativo acima do valor de referência, variando entre 40 e 484 mg/dL. As outras 14 amostras (70%) apresentaram resultados negativos para proteína nas 2 metodologias estudadas. Assim, no estudo realizado, a correlação entre os dois métodos foi de 100%, indicando ser a fita reagente excelente método para rastreamento de proteinúria. Entretanto, estudos com número maior de amostras devem ser realizados, para melhor estimativa da correlação. Medicine ; Gynecology ; Humanities Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Biological Research and Disease Studies
Authors: Nissa Almira Mayangky | Nita Merlina | Arfhan Prasetyo | Dea Amelia | Marcella Irsictia | Mutmainah Putri
Source: Jurnal Techno Nusa Mandiri (article, 2024-03-31)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

ANALYZING THE COMPARATIVE METHODS OF PREWITT, ROBINSON, KRISCH AND ROBERTS IN DETECTING THE EDGES OF RICE LEAVES This research explores the vital role of rice in Indonesia as a staple food and primary source of income for farmers. Efforts are being made to increase rice production to meet the growing demand. The study focuses on object edge detection in image analysis, evaluating methods like Prewitt, Robinson, Krisch, and Roberts. Digital imaging plays a crucial part in visually presenting information, and image processing improves image quality for human and machine recognition. Detecting object edges, particularly in rice leaf images, is essential for computer inspection. The experiment on fifteen rice leaf images shows that the Krisch method performs better in edge detection, with a 52% average accuracy and smoothness. Other methods, such as Prewitt (6%), Robinson (11%), and Roberts (14%), have lower accuracy rates. These findings provide a foundation for enhancing edge detection in rice leaf image analysis. The study also emphasizes the need for refining classification models. Overall, this research provides insights into the effectiveness of edge detection methods in rice leaf image analysis. Prewitt operator ; Biology ; Botany ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Edge detection ; Image processing Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
Authors: ?, ? | Gadd, Danni | Hillary, Robert F. | Kuncheva, Zhana Kuncheva | Cheng, Yipeng | Dissanayake, Manju | Admanit, Romi | Gagnon, Jake | Lin, Tinchi | Ferber, Kyle | Runz, Heiko | Foley, Christopher N | Marioni, Riccardo E | Sun, Benjamin B
Source: Edinburgh Research Explorer (article, 2024-07-10)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Blood protein assessment of leading incident diseases and mortality in UK Biobank The circulating proteome offers insights into the biological pathways that underlie disease. Here, we test relationships between 1,468 Olink protein levels and the incidence of 23 age-related diseases and mortality in the UK Biobank (N=47,600). We report 3,209 associations between 963 protein levels and 21 incident outcomes. Next, protein-based scores (ProteinScores) are developed using penalised Cox regression. When applied to test sets, six ProteinScores improve Area Under the Curve (AUC) estimates for the 10-year onset of incident outcomes beyond age, sex and a comprehensive set of 24 lifestyle factors, clinically-relevant biomarkers and physical measures. Furthermore, the ProteinScore for type 2 diabetes outperforms a polygenic risk score and HbA1c – a clinical marker used to monitor and diagnose type 2 diabetes. Performance of scores using metabolomic and proteomic features is also compared. These data characterise early proteomic contributions to major age-related disease, demonstrating the value of the plasma proteome for risk stratification Biobank ; Risk stratification ; Proteome ; Incidence (geometry) ; Diabetes mellitus ; Risk assessment ; Type 2 diabetes ; Cohort Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies ; Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
Authors: Yi Liu | Xiaofang Xu | Jie Ma | Tao Chen | Yunping Zhu
Source: Scientia Sinica Vitae (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

蛋白质组科学数据库建设及应用 <p indent="0mm">The development and application of proteomic technology make the need for proteome data sharing increasingly urgent. Supported by the concept of data sharing, proteomic databases continue to emerge. The databases effectively maintain the consistency and integrity of the data information, reduce data redundancy, and facilitate effective retrieval and access by users. This paper first introduces the status of proteomic databases, focuses on the International Proteomic Data Consortium and its members, introduces the Chinese proteomic database iProX in detail, then briefly introduces the application of proteomic database, and finally looks forward to the challenges and opportunities in this field. Psychology Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
Authors: Matthew The | Florian Bayer | Manuel Gander | Bernhard Küster
Source:  (article, 2024-05-03)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

CurveCurator: Decrypting drugs by identifying relevant concentration-response curves in large-scale screens <p class="first" dir="auto" id="d7780126e123">Understanding how (targeted) drugs act on cellular systems is crucial for drug discovery and repurposing as wellas personalized drug recommendations in precision medicine. To address this, a variety of high-throughput drugassays are regularly employed, most notably phenotypic cell viability screens, activity-, affinity- or thermal stability-based drug-target binding assays, and proteome-wide drug-response profiling of post-translational modifications(PTMs). In such screens, it is often unclear whether or not a response significantly differs from a curve withoutregulation, making large-scale interpretation cumbersome. For example, treating potency and effect size estimatesfrom random and true curves with the same level of confidence leads to incorrect hypotheses and issues in trainingmachine learning models. <p dir="auto" id="d7780126e125">Here, we present CurveCurator, an open-source software with interactive dashboard that provides reliableconcentration-response characteristics. It does this by computing p-values and false discovery rates based on arecalibrated F-statistic and a novel thresholding procedure. To demonstrate its broad utility, CurveCurator wasapplied to three concentration-response data sets (&gt;450k curves) from different assays. Drug-phenotype, drug-target binding, and drug-PTM response were linked by taking advantage of CurveCurator’s functionalities, such as,regulation classification, robust potency estimation, and interactive dashboards. This unified approach enableselucidation of the full cellular MoAs of drugs by leveraging the potency dimension of regulated curves. As anexample, for Afatinib in the cell line A431, the drug effect was traced from its inhibition of the carcinoma’s maindriver (drug-target binding) to the shut-down of key downstream survival signals (drug-PTM response) and theeventual reduction in cell growth (drug-phenotype). <p dir="auto" id="d7780126e127">CurveCurator is the first tool that provides reliable p-values for assessing the statistical likelihood of regulation inconcentration–response experiments. The objective categorization of concentration–response curves combinedwith an interactive dashboard accelerates data analysis and fills the need for a helpful tool in times of ever-increasing experimental throughput. Computer science ; Scale (ratio) ; Physics Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Identification and Quantification in Food ; Cell Image Analysis Techniques
Authors: Boštjan Mavrič | Tadej Dobravec | Božidar Šarler
Source: Journal of Physics Conference Series (article, 2024-05-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Lessons from accelerating an RBF-FD phase-field model of dendritic growth on GPUs Abstract Phase-field modeling of dendritic growth presents the state of the art in the field of solidification modeling and are usually implemented using finite difference models combined with explicit time marching and accelerated by using GPUs. They are a prime candidate for such acceleration, since they require many arithmetic operations on relatively low ammount of data. We present an attempt at porting an existing RBF-FD code optimized for CPU execution to use GPU acceleration while keeping the resulting implementation portable between architectures. We discuss the acceleration achieved, scaling and implementation issues and critically discuss current landscape of GPGPU offerings. Computer science ; Field (mathematics) ; Phase (matter) ; Computational science ; Parallel computing ; Physics ; Mathematics ; Pure mathematics Solidification and crystal growth phenomena ; Metallurgy and Material Forming ; Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties
Authors: Luluk Kristanto | Agung Prapsetyo
Source: JURNAL TEKNIK SIPIL PERTAHANAN (article, 2024-07-31)
Field: Materials Science — Ceramics and Composites

ULTRA-HIGH-PERFORMANCE CONCRETE (UHPC): MATERIAL BEHAVIOR REVIEW FOR MILITARY FIELD PROSPECTS Late years, intensity of collapse buildings, facilities and other protection constructions from civilian even military have showing increasingly frequent. As ideas for the restoration of concrete structures, one part of defence technology, developments were carried out for the lightweight materials and frameworks. Mostly the research development of UHPC behavior respectfully increase with visibility at high level characterization, as major advantages of construction difficulties, increasing safety demands, raised the workability, created green environment, protection enhancement and cost with wisely on improving the efficiency of each material, however, its exactly linear for requirement of military construction assignment at the field. Materials science ; Field (mathematics) ; Engineering ; Forensic engineering ; Mathematics Advanced ceramic materials synthesis ; Innovative concrete reinforcement materials ; Concrete and Cement Materials Research
Authors: Rabie Salhi | A. Mekhaldi | M. Teguar | Omar Kherif
Source: Periodica Polytechnica Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (article, 2024-09-16)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Simulation and Experimental Analysis of Electrical Characterization of Cap-Pin Glass Insulator under Uniform and Non-Uniform Pollution Layers This paper deals with the analysis of the electrical performance of the glass cap-pin insulator under pollution conditions. The experiments are conducted in accordance with the IEC 60815 standard using artificial pollution (a distilled water mixture with NaCl). Several levels of applied voltage are used to evaluate the impact of both uniform and non-uniform pollution. For the same conditions, simulations are carried out using the COMSOL Multiphysics environment. Of interest, Leakage current waveforms are extracted from the current density and compared to those obtained from experiments. A proposed process, which aims to predict the effectiveness of the simulation in selecting appropriate parameters, geometry, boundaries etc., is investigated, where the findings are closely match the real model. Therefore, the electric field distribution on the insulator surface is presented, and 3D representations are considered for better visualizing the influence of the pollution on the insulating system. Accordingly, arcing discharges are characterized by high levels of electric field stress for uniform pollution, and dry-band arcing is simulated to correspond perfectly with laboratory findings for non-uniform pollution. Finally, this paper provides valuable insights into the electrical stress on the insulator under the effect of pollution conditions. Insulator (electricity) ; Characterization (materials science) ; Materials science ; Pollution ; Environmental science ; Composite material ; Nanotechnology High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation
Authors: David M. Berube | B. D. Whitley | Anne Wangari Njathi | Jacob L. Jones | Maude Cuchiara | Folasewa Olatunde
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2024-04-17)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Agriculture and Nanotechnology: National Infrastructure Readiness. 1 Abstract Agriculture will face many challenges in the next 25 years, including water, population demands, supply chain disruptions, storage, safety, and distribution. Whether discussing smart farming, genetically modified seeds, or alternatives to traditional productivity enhancements, such as insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and fertilizers, it is all about increasing resiliency by broadening the options for the industry. One of the platform technologies that may offer solace could be nanotechnology especially given the temporal variables involved. We may need to act quickly, so we must prepare to do so. In addition, we must not avoid viable solutions while searching for the silver bullet. There may be none. The following gleans expert opinions from the different stakeholder communities in nanotechnology and agriculture disciplines. Our approach involved diverse sampling and analysis in producing a modicum of information to help inform debates over nanotechnology and agriculture. Put simply; these are observations and suggestions for those who participated. Agriculture ; Business ; Nanotechnology ; Geography ; Materials science Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
Authors: Cora Helton | Nicole Rodgers | Payton C. Klosa | Erik Van Newenhizen | Matt Hodges | Matt Jones | Kunal Gupta
Source: MethodsX (article, 2024-12-11)
Field: Chemistry — Electrochemistry

A novel computational method for rodent electrographic recording and analysis using off-the-shelf intracerebral depth electrodes Electrographic recording of brain activity through either surface electrodes (electroencephalography, EEG) or implanted electrodes (electrocorticography, ECOG) are valuable research tools in neuroscience across many disciplines, including epilepsy, sleep science and more. Research techniques to perform recordings in rodents are wide-ranging and often require custom parts that may not be readily available. Moreover, the information required to connect individual components is often limited and can therefore be challenging to implement. The quantity of data obtained can also be large and therefore difficult to analyze manually, and existing software detection tools are often task specific and require extensive coding experience to use. In this methods paper, we provide step-by-step instructions using off-the-shelf parts for electrographic recording in mice using intracerebral depth electrodes. We also provide a novel software-based detection tool that requires limited prior coding knowledge to use and with detection parameters that can be easily customized. The method is summarized as follows:•The electrode unit is assembled and implanted;•Recordings are obtained and analyzed using the novel software tool;•This method was validated using recordings taken during status epilepticus and chronic epilepsy in the intrahippocampal kainate mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Off the shelf ; Rodent model ; Biomedical engineering ; Computer science ; Medicine ; Internal medicine Electrochemical Analysis and Applications ; Neural dynamics and brain function ; Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
Authors: B. Winiarski | Patrick Barthelemy | Chengge Jiao | Dirk Laeveren | Dalton Cox | Scott A. Barnett
Source: BIO Web of Conferences (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Comprehensive 3D Characterization Workflow for Solid Oxide Cells Characterization (materials science) ; Workflow ; Materials science ; Computer science ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Database Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides ; Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ; Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
Authors: Sergio Sánchez-Sanjuán | Jesús Hernández | Ángeles Pérez-Villegas | C. Román-Zúñiga | L. A. Aguilar | Javier Ballesteros‐Paredes | Andrea Bonilla-Barroso
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-09-13)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Kinematic study of the Orion Complex: Analysing the young stellar clusters from big and small structures In this work, we analysed young stellar clusters with spatial and kinematic coherence in the Orion star-forming complex. For this study, we selected a sample of pre-main sequence candidates using parallaxes, proper motions and positions on the colour-magnitude diagram. After applying a hierarchical clustering algorithm in the 5D parameter space provided by Gaia DR3, we divided the recovered clusters into two regimes: Big Structures and Small Structures, defined by the number of detected stars per cluster. In the first regime, we found 13 stellar groups distributed along the declination axis in the regions where there is a high density of stars. In the second regime, we recovered 34 clusters classified into two types: 14 as small groups completely independent from the larger structures, including four candidates of new clusters, and 12 classified as sub-structures embedded within five larger clusters. Additionally, radial velocity data from APOGEE-2 and GALAH DR3 was included to study the phase space in some regions of the Orion complex. From the Big Structure regime, we found evidence of a general expansion in the Orion OB1 association over a common centre, giving a clue about the dynamical effects the region is undergoing. Likewise, in the Small Structure regime, the projected kinematics shows the ballistic expansion in the $λ$ Orionis association and the detection of likely events of clusters' close encounters in the OB1 association. Kinematics ; Orion Nebula ; Astrophysics ; Physics ; Astronomy ; Stars ; Classical mechanics Molecular Spectroscopy and Structure ; Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies ; Astro and Planetary Science
Authors: Janusz Rybakowski
Source: Pharmacotherapy in Psychiatry and Neurology (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

The mechanisms of lithium action – an update molecular-genetic studies performed by the Consortium of Lithium Genetics and other genetic and epigenetic research, as well as in vitro studies using induced pluripotent stem cells and lymphoblastoid cell lines, were discussed.The outcomes of recent experimental studies on lithium's effect on neural cells using mouse models were presented.A growing number of studies suggest a possible mechanism of action for lithium through immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects.The paper also discusses the effects of lithium on biological rhythms and telomere function.Conclusions.Clinical and experimental studies, including in vitro ones, showed multidirectional effects of lithium on various processes in the organism, particularly those associated with nervous functions.Some of these help identify mechanisms associated with the therapeutic effects of lithium, especially relapse prevention in bipolar disorder.The main two areas of these mechanisms include the effect of lithium on the excitability and proliferation of cells, especially in the nervous system, and its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, referring to the postulated involvement of these factors in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder as a condition of "low-grade inflammation". STRESZCZENIECel. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie najwaniejszych bada dotyczcych mechanizmw dziaania litu opublikowanych w latach 2019-2024 Lithium (medication) ; Action (physics) ; Computer science ; Psychology ; Physics ; Psychiatry Coordination Chemistry and Organometallics ; Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
Authors: Bailu Zhang | Shichao Feng | Manushi Parajuli | Yi Xiong | Chongle Pan | Xuan Guo
Source: Lecture notes in computer science (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

SEMQuant: Extending Sipros-Ensemble with Match-Between-Runs for Comprehensive Quantitative Metaproteomics Computer science ; Metaproteomics ; Data mining ; Artificial intelligence Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies ; Machine Learning in Bioinformatics