jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Muzzammil Abdullahi | Mutari Hajara Ali
Source: Nigerian Journal of Technology (article, 2019-12-12)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Design and simulation of cross-block structured radar absorbing metamaterial based on carbonyl iron powder composite This paper reports the design and simulation of a three layered cross-block structured radar absorbing metamaterial (RAMM). The effective electromagnetic parameters of the designed structure are highly dependent on its geometric dimensions, subsequently behaving as a metamaterial. COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software was used to analyze the frequency dependent absorption response of the designed RAMM. The input impedance of multilayered absorber and strong fluctuation theory equations are used to theoretically verify the absorption response of the RAMM. The simulated result showed that the reflectivity of the RAMM is below -10dB from 4.2 – 18.0 GHz frequency band with absorber thickness of 4.2mm. The calculated reflectivity result is in close agreement with the simulated result, thus confirming the validity of the design. The operational bandwidth to thickness ratio of this RAMM was found to be 13.029 making it better than the recently reported one with a value of 9.745 and thus contributing significantly in overcoming the contradicting demand of broadband and thin thickness.Keywords: Bandwidth, COMSOL Multiphysics, Metamaterial, Radar Absorbing Metamaterial, Reflectivity Multiphysics ; Metamaterial ; Bandwidth (computing) ; Radar ; Materials science ; Metamaterial absorber ; Broadband ; Electrical impedance ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Optics ; Carbonyl iron ; Acoustics ; Physics ; Optoelectronics ; Computer science ; Finite element method ; Tunable metamaterials ; Telecommunications ; Composite material Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Antenna Design and Analysis
Authors: Amber Wright
Source: Digital Scholarship - UNLV (University of Nevada Reno) (article, 2019-05-29)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Nitrate ion effects on uranium chemistry in the tributylphosphate-dodecane system Understanding the role of nitrate in the speciation of actinides is important in order to determine the necessary data for extraction modeling of the UREX process. The focus of this project is on the fundamental chemistry of uranium (U) in the tributyl phosphate (TBP) extraction system, with emphasis on the effect of nitrate on actinyl speciation. Speciation calculations can be performed if stability and solubility constants for the chemical species formed under the examined conditions are known. The stability constant of the uranyl-TBP complex was evaluated under a variety of conditions. The variables were nitric acid, uranyl, total nitrate concentration, and ionic strength. The thermodynamic data collected can be incorporated into extraction modeling codes used to predict distribution in reprocessing. The methods used in this research will be modified for corresponding experiments with plutonium and provide necessary data for optimizing the modeling codes. Uranium ; Chemistry ; Nitrate ; Environmental chemistry ; Environmental science ; Radiochemistry ; Materials science ; Metallurgy Radioactive element chemistry and processing ; Chemical Synthesis and Characterization ; Radioactive contamination and transfer
Authors: Tina Snoj Ekmečič | Irena Kralj Cigić
Source: Acta chimica slovenica (article, 2019-12-18)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Application of Solvatic Model for Prediction of Retention at Gradient Elution in Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography There are several different approaches for LC method development; beside traditional, different software programs for method development and optimization are available. The solvatic retention model of reversed-phase LC was applied for prediction of retention in the gradient elution mode for aripiprazole and its related substances described in European Pharmacopoeia. As some of these compounds have very similar and others quite different chemical structure, their separation is challenge. Prediction was suitable on examined stationary phases (C18, C8 and phenyl-hexyl) with 0.1% phosphoric acid as aqueous mobile phase and acetonitrile or methanol as organic modifier. Predicted retention times take into account structural formulae of compounds and properties of stationary and mobile phases result in average difference of 14-17% compared to experimental ones on phenyl-hexyl stationary phase, where the highest matching was obtained. After utilisation of the retention models with data from one experimental run, the average difference decrease to maximal 7% and after contribution of data from two experimental runs, to maximal 2%. For majority of studied compounds difference between predicted and experimental values on all examined stationary phases is lower than 3%. Chemistry ; Elution ; Chromatography ; Gradient elution ; Phosphoric acid ; Phase (matter) ; Methanol ; Stationary phase ; High-performance liquid chromatography ; Acetonitrile ; Reversed-phase chromatography ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Organic chemistry Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Authors: Toufiqua Siddiqua | Safdar Iqbal
Source: European Scientific Journal ESJ (article, 2019-06-30)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Analysis of Ring Yarn Properties Produced from Different Traveller Brands A traveller is the tiny but significant part in ring frame in a short staple spinning mill. It is a small portion among all the parts of ring machine. It performs two most significant tasks like twisting without which spun yarn production cannot be imagined, and it aids in the winding of yarn on the cop. The traveller is one of the mechanical reasons for the hairiness properties of yarn. Two yarn of 30's Ne KH (Card hosiery) was produced by using two same number of the traveller of different brands called Lakshmi Ring Travellers (LRT) and X-AXIS. All the processing parameters remained the same during the production of yarn. After that, Uster Evenness Tester 5 machine was used to determine the yarn properties such as unevenness percentage, imperfection index, hairiness, standard deviation of hairiness, standard deviation of hairiness in reference length 1 meter, and standard deviation of hairiness in reference length 3 meters. The end breakage rate was recorded through whole doff for the duration of the production of yarn in ring section. Statistical analysis used t-test to pair two samples to obtain the means for unevenness percentage, imperfection index, and hairiness. This was accomplished with Microsoft Excel 2013. Lakshmi Ring Travellers indicate better results than X-AXIS traveller. It can be decided from the t-test that there is no significant difference in unevenness and hairiness except imperfection index of two brands. Yarn ; Ring (chemistry) ; Composite material ; Materials science ; Food science ; Chemistry Textile materials and evaluations
Authors: Jonathan B. Grimm | Ariana N. Tkachuk | Heejun Choi | Boaz Mohar | Natalie Falco | Ronak Patel | Jennifer Lippincott‐Schwartz | Timothy A. Brown | Luke D. Lavis
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2019-12-20)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Optimization and functionalization of red-shifted rhodamine dyes ABSTRACT Expanding the palette of fluorescent dyes is vital for pushing the frontier of biological imaging. Although rhodamine dyes remain the premier type of small-molecule fluorophore due to their bioavailability and brightness, variants excited with far-red or near-infrared light suffer from poor performance due to their propensity to adopt a lipophilic, nonfluorescent form. We report a general chemical modification for rhodamines that optimizes long-wavelength variants and enables facile functionalization with different chemical groups. Fluorophore ; Surface modification ; Rhodamine ; Fluorescence ; Photochemistry ; Chemistry ; Molecule ; Rhodamine B ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Organic chemistry ; Optics ; Photocatalysis Click Chemistry and Applications ; Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
Authors: Hiroaki Kitagishi | Kazuki Ohara | Daiki Shimoji | Maxime Vonesch | Jean Weiss | Jennifer A. Wytko
Source: Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines (article, 2019-04-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Hydrogen bond directed molecular recognition in water in a strapped-porphyrin-cyclodextrin assembly A water soluble, phenanthroline-strapped zinc porphyrin bearing four arylsulfonate groups formed a stable host–guest complex with two per-[Formula: see text]-methylated [Formula: see text]-cyclodextrin cavities. In the host–guest assembly, the zinc porphyrin was capable of binding imidazole within the cavity between the zinc(II) ion and the phenanthroline strap in an aqueous medium. The formation of a hydrogen bond between the imidazole NH and the nitrogen atoms of the phenanthroline was an essential element of the binding event, as shown by comparative binding studies with a non-strapped tetrasulfonated zinc porphyrin and with [Formula: see text]-methylimidazole. This hydrogen bonding in an aqueous medium was possible due to the protected hydrophobic environment created by the cyclodextrins around the phenanthroline strap. This type of binding event may provide a biomimetic approach to study water soluble heme protein models. Porphyrin ; Hydrogen bond ; Imidazole ; Zinc ; Phenanthroline ; Chemistry ; Aqueous solution ; Supramolecular chemistry ; Cyclodextrin ; Crystallography ; Molecule ; Stereochemistry ; Photochemistry ; Inorganic chemistry ; Organic chemistry Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine Chemistry ; Hemoglobin structure and function ; Porphyrin Metabolism and Disorders
Authors: A.S. Boychuk | I.A. Dikov | A. S. Generalov
Source: Kontrol Diagnostika (article, 2019-03-01)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

CONVEX SURFACES OF CFRP STRUCTURES ULTRASONIC TESTING FEATURES BY PHASED ARRAYS AND WATERBOX ultrasonic testing of composite materials and, mainly, carbon plastics. Ultrasonic sensor ; Regular polygon ; Materials science ; Phased array ; Ultrasonic testing ; Structural engineering ; Phased array ultrasonics ; Composite material ; Acoustics ; Computer science ; Engineering ; Geometry ; Mathematics ; Physics ; Telecommunications Material Properties and Applications
Authors: Diana Elizabeth García-Rodríguez | Reyes Rios | Huizar Mendoza
Source: Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society (article, 2019-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Electrochemistry

Tuning the copper Cluster´s size on HOPG by electrodeposition from perchlorate aqueous solutions. An AFM study In this work, we report the electrochemical synthesis of nanometric copper clusters smaller than 3 nm of height and 14.3 nm of diameter from perchlorate solutions. From the number of copper clusters counted directly from the AFM (Atomic force microscopy) images, it was possible to derive an equation, which is able to predict the number of clusters formed in function on the applied potential. Also, qualitative AFM images were simulated employing a spreadsheet and the freeware ImageJ, the results obtained show concordance with the experimental AFM images. Perchlorate ; Copper ; Atomic force microscopy ; Cluster (spacecraft) ; Aqueous solution ; Materials science ; Electrochemistry ; Chemical physics ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Physical chemistry ; Metallurgy ; Computer science ; Ion ; Electrode Electrochemical Analysis and Applications ; Biosensors and Analytical Detection ; Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Authors: C. Goury | Ulf Brauneck | V. Naulin | Sébastien Bourquin | A. Rola | I. Toubhans | P. Pranyies | C. H. Henry | Anthony B. Hull
Source: International Conference on Space Optics — ICSO 2018 (article, 2019-07-12)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Design and realization of multispectral bandpass filters for space applications Spectral and radiometric requirements of optical filters for space applications are always more demanding. Multispectral bandpass filters require very steep edges, a high accuracy in the central wavelength position, a high average transmittance as well as a very good level of blocking outside of the bandpass region. Realization of such filters implies to design the layer stacks in a way that reduces sensitivity to the production deviations and to be able to properly control the coating conditions in the machine. In order to optimize the design, a pre-production error analysis can be performed, to assess the weight of each layer in the global filter properties and therefore modify the design until a good stability level is achieved. We discuss different insitu optical monitoring strategies and process conditions depending on the coating technology. The realization phase needs a precise control of the coating machine such as well-characterized deposited materials, stable deposition rates, a reliable layer thickness monitoring system in addition to a good coating uniformity over all the coating positions inside the machine. We present design strategies and means of pre-production error analysis for typical multispectral bandpass specifications as well as transmittance curves. Band-pass filter ; Multispectral image ; Realization (probability) ; Coating ; Optical filter ; Filter (signal processing) ; Computer science ; Transmittance ; Layer (electronics) ; Optics ; Electronic engineering ; Materials science ; Engineering ; Optoelectronics ; Physics ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer vision ; Mathematics Optical Coatings and Gratings ; Advanced optical system design ; Photonic and Optical Devices
Authors: Yigang Wang | Siwei Wang | Bangle Zhu | Xiangtao Pei | Bo Zhang | Xiaoqin Ge | Yong Wang
Source: Journal of Physics Conference Series (article, 2019-11-01)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Establishing A Laser Treatment To Suppress The Sec-Ondary Electron Emission Abstract Laser treatment has a significant influence on suppressing the secondary electron emission (SEE) in electron storage rings. A new synchrotron radiation light source, the Hefei Advanced Light Source(HALS), is under consideration and it has a strict requirement to suppress the SEE. In this paper, we used a laser with the wavelength of 355nm to process with copper sample. After the laser treatment, the secondary electron yield (SEY) reduces from 2.05 to 0.86. We also used the scanning electron microscope (SEM) to analysis the surface of the sample after the laser treatment. This paper reports the experiment set up and preliminary results. Laser ; Scanning electron microscope ; Wavelength ; Electron ; Materials science ; Synchrotron radiation ; Optics ; Synchrotron ; Sample (material) ; Electron microscope ; Optoelectronics ; Chemistry ; Physics ; Nuclear physics Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques ; Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers ; Photocathodes and Microchannel Plates
Authors: Baiquan Liu | Yemliha Altıntas | Lin Wang | Sushant Shendre | Manoj Sharma | Handong Sun | Evren Mutlugün | Hilmi Volkan Demir
Source: ChemRxiv (preprint, 2019-09-09)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Record High External Quantum Efficiency of 19.2% Achieved in Light-Emitting Diodes of Colloidal Quantum Wells Enabled by Hot-Injection Shell Growth &lt;p&gt; Colloidal quantum wells (CQWs) are regarded as a new, highly promising class of optoelectronic materials thanks to their unique excitonic characteristics of high extinction coefficient and ultranarrow emission bandwidth. Although the exploration of CQWs in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is impressive, the performance of CQW-LEDs lags far behind compared with other types of LEDs (e.g., organic LEDs, colloidal quantum-dot LEDs, and perovskite LEDs). Herein, for the first time, the authors show high-efficiency CQW-LEDs reaching close to the theoretical limit. A key factor for this high performance is the exploitation of hot-injection shell (HIS) growth of CQWs, which enables a near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), reduces nonradiative channels, ensures smooth films and enhances the stability. Remarkably, the PLQY remains 95% in solution and 87% in film despite rigorous cleaning. Through systematically understanding their shape-, composition- and device- engineering, the CQW-LEDs using CdSe/Cd&lt;sub&gt;0.25&lt;/sub&gt;Zn&lt;sub&gt;0.75&lt;/sub&gt;S core/HIS CQWs exhibit a maximum external quantum efficiency of 19.2%. Additionally, a high luminance of 23,490 cd m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;, extremely saturated red color with the Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage coordinates of (0.715, 0.283) and stable emission are obtained. The findings indicate that HIS grown CQWs enable high-performance solution-processed LEDs, which may pave the path for CQW-based display and lighting technologies.&lt;/p&gt; Light-emitting diode ; Quantum yield ; Quantum efficiency ; Photoluminescence ; Optoelectronics ; Diode ; Quantum dot ; Luminous efficacy ; Quantum well ; Materials science ; Phosphor ; Physics ; Chemistry ; Fluorescence ; Nanotechnology ; Optics Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties ; Perovskite Materials and Applications ; Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films
Authors: Adrien Sari | C. Thiam | Karim Boudergui | F. Carrel | Romain Coulon | Jonathan Dumazert | Camille Frangville | H. Hamrita | F. Lainé | M. Trocmé | B. Krausz | R. Pissarello | R. Delalez
Source: Radiation Measurements (article, 2019-12-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Investigation of fission chamber response in the frame of fuel debris localization measurements at Fukushima Daiichi Debris ; Fission ; Environmental science ; Nuclear engineering ; Fission products ; Neutron ; Nuclear fission product ; Nuclear fuel ; Nuclear physics ; Materials science ; Physics ; Meteorology ; Engineering Nuclear Materials and Properties ; Radioactive element chemistry and processing ; Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
Authors: N. Borgest | A. Galakhar | Mikhail Ovsyannikov | R. Samsonov
Source: Ontology of Designing (article, 2019-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

PRE-PROJECT ANALYSIS OF AN INTELLIGENT RESIDENTIAL BUILDING FOR ARCTIC CONDITIONS The combination of adverse natural conditions with low density of population in arctic areas complicates approaches to design and construction of housing accommodations for arctic locality and governs the requirements for interior arrangement, automated sustenance systems and reliability of residential buildings. The article addresses the problem of structural synthesis of an intelligent residential building for arctic conditions. A classification of construction constraints affecting the decisions made in design process is introduced. A task of satisfying these constraints in the process of structural design and building automation is introduced. The designated goal is to obtain an admissible solution of the synthesis problem on the basis of formalized knowledge of operating conditions, that minimizes the objective function’s value. The aspects of selecting a target function are considered. An approach towards developing new compelling projects of intelligent residential buildings for the conditions of the Russian High North, capable of providing comfort and safety using the latest achievements of engineering in the field of automation and reliability of automated systems, is proposed. Compelling and comfortable housing will help the issue of convincing people to settle in the Arctic regions, research, develop and preserve them for posterity. Function (biology) ; Reliability (semiconductor) ; Process (computing) ; Arctic ; Engineering ; Automation ; Architectural engineering ; Field (mathematics) ; Population ; Risk analysis (engineering) ; Computer science ; Systems engineering ; Construction engineering ; Business Structural mechanics and materials ; Advanced Energy Technologies and Civil Engineering Innovations ; Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
Authors: John M. Gregoire
Source: Matter (article, 2019-10-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Unexpected Transitions Yield Interesting Science and High-Performance Materials Sophistication ; Computer science ; Data science ; Variety (cybernetics) ; Scopus ; Nanotechnology ; Software deployment ; Characterization (materials science) ; Artificial intelligence ; Materials science ; Sociology ; Political science ; Software engineering ; Social science Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides ; X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
Authors: Brigitte Van Tiggelen
Source: Chemistry International (article, 2019-06-14)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Special IUPAC100 Abstract We embarked on the adventure of researching IUPAC’s history a few years ago, inspired by the looming IUPAC 100 anniversary in 2019 and the desire of the French National Committee to host that year’s Congress and General Assembly in Paris. The proposal to host the fiftieth IUPAC General Assembly and forty-seventh Congress in Paris was received and approved by IUPAC Council during its assembly in 2013. Soon after, Jean-Pierre Vairon, a member of the organizing committee of the IUPAC 2019 Congress, contacted Danielle Fauque, and together we started to think about special symposia devoted to the history of IUPAC. At the Congress in 2015 in Busan, Korea, the idea was met with enthusiasm and interest from Natalia Tarasova, then president of the Union, and the project of this special issue was formed with Fabienne Meyers, Chemistry International editor. We also met with Christopher Brett later that year to speak about this project. Chemical nomenclature ; Enthusiasm ; General assembly ; Library science ; Adventure ; Political science ; Law ; Chemistry ; Art history ; History ; Philosophy ; Computer science History and advancements in chemistry ; Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation ; Chemical Thermodynamics and Molecular Structure
Authors: Rachmad Almi Putra | Fajriani Fajriani | Wan Alamsyah | Puji Wahyuningsih | Hendri Sahputra
Source: Jurnal Neutrino Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya (article, 2019-09-17)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

THE STUDY OF OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF MgxN1-xFe2O4/SiO2 NANOCOMPOSITE(x=0; 0.25; 0.5; 0.75; 1.0) AGAINST THE METHYLENE BLUE PHOTODEGRADATION &lt;p&gt;The synthesis of Mg&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;N&lt;sub&gt;1-&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;Fe&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; composite nanoparticles, where x=0; 0.25; 0.5; 0.75; 1.0 through coprecipitation method and low temperatures had been successfully carried out. The result of X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) informed that the sample had crystalline forms and different crystallite sizes as the Mg concentration in the sample is increased. The sizes of crystallite produced were between 12.12 to 24.47 nm. In addition, theoretically and experimentally there were differences grid parameters with the energy bandgap of the nanocomposite sample ranged from 2.51 to 2.66 electron volt (eV). Therefore, the Mg&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;N&lt;sub&gt;1-&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;Fe&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;composite nanoparticles could be referred to the nano-photocatalyst or nano-adsorbent for organic pollutant due to its potential to degrade Methylene Blue waste.&lt;/p&gt; Crystallite ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Nuclear chemistry ; Band gap ; Materials science ; Coprecipitation ; Methylene blue ; Chemistry ; Crystallography ; Photocatalysis ; Inorganic chemistry ; Catalysis Pigment Synthesis and Properties ; Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications ; Advanced Materials and Semiconductor Technologies