jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Umar Musa | Abdullahi A. Mati | Abdullahi Abubakar Mas’ud | Gaddafi Sani Shehu | Sulaiman Haruna Sulaiman | Johnatan M. Rodríguez‐Serna
Source: Nigerian Journal of Technological Development (article, 2023-10-15)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Investigation of electric field enhancement and effects of discharge severity in an insulated power cable with multiple gaseous cavities Gaseous cavities in the insulation of high voltage (HV) cables affect the electric field distribution and increase the electrical stress. This accelerates material ageing and creates partial discharge (PD) regions, which can cause cable failure. In this study, a simulation approach using a Finite Element Method (FEM) has been deployed to evaluate the discharge activity and electric field variation in cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulated power cables. 2-Dimension models corresponding to sections of a practical three-core XLPE insulated cable were developed using COMSOL Multiphysics. Multiple cavities of different dimensions and configurations were considered. The results show that the electric field varies depending on the configuration and dimensions of the cavity. It was found that maximum field strength magnitude depends on the cavities, arrangement and location; an increase of up to 68.7% when compared to the case without cavities. Multiphysics ; Power cable ; Electric field ; Materials science ; Partial discharge ; Finite element method ; Composite material ; Cross-linked polyethylene ; Polyethylene ; Voltage ; Stress (linguistics) ; Mechanics ; Core (optical fiber) ; Electrical engineering ; Structural engineering ; Engineering ; Layer (electronics) ; Physics High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Thermal Analysis in Power Transmission ; Electrical Fault Detection and Protection
Authors: Bao-Wei Zhang Bao-Wei Zhang | Lin Zhang | Yong-Hua Wang Lin Xu
Source: 網際網路技術學刊 (article, 2023-07-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Prediction of Yarn Quality Based on Actual Production &lt;p&gt;In recent decades, the neural network approach to predicting yarn quality indicators has been recognized for its high accuracy. Although using neural networks to predict yarn quality indicators has a high accuracy advantage, its relationship understanding between each input parameter and yarn quality indicators may need to be corrected, i.e., increasing the raw cotton strength, the final yarn strength remains the same or decreases. Although this is normal for prediction algorithms, actual production need is more of a trend for individual parameter changes to predict a correct yarn, i.e., raw cotton strength increase should correspond to yarn strength increase. This study proposes a yarn quality prediction method based on actual production by combining nearest neighbor, particle swarm optimization, and expert experience to address the problem. We Use expert experience to determine the upper and lower limits of parameter weights, the particle swarm optimization finds the optimal weights, and then the nearest neighbor algorithm is used to calculate the predicted values of yarn indexes. Finally, the current problems and the rationality of the method proposed in this paper are verified by experiments.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; Yarn ; Particle swarm optimization ; Computer science ; Production (economics) ; Artificial neural network ; Quality (philosophy) ; k-nearest neighbors algorithm ; Algorithm ; Artificial intelligence ; Mathematical optimization ; Data mining ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Mathematics ; Materials science ; Composite material Textile materials and evaluations
Authors: Longjie Li | Jiaxin Chen | Chen Yi | Xianfeng Xu | Guimin Xu | Biao Wang
Source: Physics of Plasmas (article, 2023-12-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Mechanisms for insulation recovery during repetitive breakdowns in gas gaps The insulation recovery during repetitive breakdowns in gas gaps is a fundamental scientific issue in both traditional and emerging electrical technology fields, which has received extensive attention over the years. This paper provides a systematic review of research methods for insulation recovery in repetitive breakdowns of gas gaps, progress made in understanding the thermal–hydrodynamic processes involved in this recovery (dissipation of deposited energy and restoration of neutral gas density), as well as the memory effect resulting from repetitive discharges and breakdowns (dominant factors and their underlying mechanisms). Based on current results, it is proposed that the insulation recovery of repetitive gas gaps breakdowns results from the synergistic effect between post-breakdown thermal-hydrodynamic processes and memory effects. This review aims to clarify the boundary and interplay between hydrodynamic processes and memory effects, as well as reveal their coupling relationship and synergistic mechanism. It also seeks to overcome barriers between related research fields, ultimately facilitating a resolution to the issue. Physics ; Dissipation ; Mechanism (biology) ; Coupling (piping) ; Thermal ; Mechanics ; Mechanical engineering ; Thermodynamics ; Engineering High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation ; Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
Authors: Freddy Gabbay | Avi Mendelson
Source: Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications (article, 2023-07-11)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Electromigration-Aware Memory Hierarchy Architecture New mission-critical applications, such as autonomous vehicles and life-support systems, set a high bar for the reliability of modern microprocessors that operate in highly challenging conditions. However, while cutting-edge integrated circuit (IC) technologies have intensified microprocessors by providing remarkable reductions in the silicon area and power consumption, they also introduce new reliability challenges through the complex design rules they impose, creating a significant hurdle in the design process. In this paper, we focus on electromigration (EM), which is a crucial factor impacting IC reliability. EM refers to the degradation process of IC metal nets when used for both power supply and interconnecting signals. Typically, EM concerns have been addressed at the backend, circuit, and layout levels, where EM rules are enforced assuming extreme conditions to identify and resolve violations. This study presents new techniques that leverage architectural features to mitigate the effect of EM on the memory hierarchy of modern microprocessors. Architectural approaches can reduce the complexity of solving EM-related violations, and they can also complement and enhance common existing methods. In this study, we present a comprehensive simulation analysis that demonstrates how the proposed solution can significantly extend the lifetime of a microprocessor’s memory hierarchy with minimal overhead in terms of performance, power, and area while relaxing EM design efforts. Computer science ; Reliability (semiconductor) ; Leverage (statistics) ; Reliability engineering ; Microarchitecture ; Overhead (engineering) ; Architecture ; Memory hierarchy ; Embedded system ; Process (computing) ; Microprocessor ; Computer architecture ; Power (physics) ; Engineering ; Parallel computing Copper Interconnects and Reliability ; Semiconductor materials and devices ; VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing
Authors: Muthanna Abbu | Doaa Talib Hashim | Hasan M. Albegmprli | Mustafa Ridha Mezaal
Source: Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies (article, 2023-02-28)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Fatigue determination of the kenaf/PLA composite structure using fatigue specimen (ASTM D7791): a computational analysis In this investigation, a kenaf/PLA composite specimen was subjected to the fatigue load, and the results were analyzed numerically. Some of the most significant fatigue tool aspects that were looked into were life expectancy, damage, alternative stress, and biaxiality indication. The static structural tool was utilized in order to predict the numerical analysis, and the calculations were performed with the GoodMan theory of fatigue. The loading was completely reversed so that it was equal to 30 kN. When it was discovered that the system could continue to function even after 1e6 cycles had been completed. After applying the alternative load of 30 kN, the biaxiality indication was found to be 0.425, with a minimum value of 0.9. It has been determined how much damage has occurred. The minimum amount of cycles necessary to reach the maximum damage potential is 1000, while the maximum amount of cycles necessary to reach the maximum damage potential is 1.7662·106. It has been established that there is another stress that is comparable to this one. Based on the findings of the investigation, it was determined that the fillet regions of the specimen were subjected to a maximum alternative stress of 716.4 MPa. The alternative stress cannot drop below 31.276 MPa under any circumstances. It has been determined that 106cycles have been spent living in total by the calculation. It has been found out that there is not going to be any damage regardless of the number of cycles that pass due to the fact that that number is 1. It was found that the alternative stress could reach a maximum value of 716.4 MPa, so that was the value that was used for the alternative stress Structural engineering ; Fillet (mechanics) ; Materials science ; Stress (linguistics) ; Kenaf ; Composite number ; Composite material ; Fatigue testing ; Mathematics ; Engineering ; Fiber Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Mechanical Behavior of Composites ; Structural Response to Dynamic Loads
Authors: Jigang Zhao | Weimin Chen | Junjian Zeng
Source: Lubrication Science (article, 2023-01-14)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Study the reuse possibility of tempering lubricant for cold‐rolled strip wet‐rolling processing Abstract In the wet rolling process of industrial cold‐rolled strips, the tempering lubricant was discarded after one‐time use, which resulted in huge waste and high costs for wastewater treatment. In order to explore the reuse value and feasibility of the tempering lubricant, the influences of industrial rolling were to be studied first. In the comparison of before and after‐use‐ tempering lubricant, the surface tension decreased by 34%, and the physicochemical indicators such as electrical conductivity, pH, and total alkali value decreased by 4%–14.3%. In terms of the components and related effects, about 15% of heavy organic matter, such as fatty acids and alcohol amine was responsible for lubrication, rust prevention, and corrosion inhibition. These heavy organic solutes would reduce by 2%–6%, with impurities increasing after rolling. However, the waste tempering lubricant still had a high reuse value. Further from the influence of impurities and microorganisms, it was concluded that if the solid powders were filtered out, the bacteriostatic agent was added after 3 days, and the changes in the effective substance concentration of the tempering lubricant were mastered to replace 1/3 of it in time during recycling, then the reuse of the tempering lubricant was feasible. Tempering ; Lubricant ; Metallurgy ; Materials science ; Reuse ; Lubrication ; Pulp and paper industry ; Waste management ; Composite material ; Engineering Metal Alloys Wear and Properties ; Advanced materials and composites ; Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty
Authors: Elaheh Rahimpour | Abolghasem Jouyban
Source: Liquids (article, 2023-12-14)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Prediction of Paracetamol Solubility in Binary Solvents Using Reichardt’s Polarity Parameter Combined Model The objective of this research is to propose a general model utilizing the solvatochromic polarity of electronic transition energy (ET) of the Reichardt indicator to predict paracetamol solubility in the solvent mixtures. In order to model validation, the available ET (30) values of nine aqueous mixtures obtained from existing literature sources were utilized. The trained model yielded a relatively accurate estimation of paracetamol solubility in the investigated systems. Solubility ; Solvatochromism ; Hildebrand solubility parameter ; Polarity (international relations) ; Solvent polarity ; Binary number ; Solvent ; Chemistry ; Thermodynamics ; Chromatography ; Organic chemistry ; Mathematics ; Physics Crystallization and Solubility Studies ; Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions ; Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
Authors: Weibo Sun | Bao Quoc Tang | Liangliang Dong | Jianhong Xu | Yancun Zhao | Fengquan Liu
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology (article, 2023-08-14)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

A novel and high-efficient method for the preparation of heat-stable antifungal factor from Lysobacter enzymogenes by high-speed counter-current chromatography Heat-stable antifungal factor (HSAF) produced by the biocontrol bacterium <i>Lysobacter enzymogenes</i> shows considerable antifungal activity and has broad application potential in the agricultural and medical fields. There is a great demand for pure HSAF compounds in academic or industrial studies. However, an efficient preparation method that produces a high yield and high purity of HSAF is lacking, limiting the development of HSAF as a new drug. In the present study, high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) combined with column chromatography was successfully developed for the separation and preparation of HSAF from the crude extract of <i>L. enzymogenes</i> OH11. The crude extract was obtained by macroporous resin adsorption and desorption, and the main impurities were partly removed by ultraviolet light (254 nm) and gel filtration (Sephadex LH-20). In the HSCCC procedure, the selected suitable two-phase solvent system (<i>n</i>-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water = 3:5:4:5, v/v, the lower phase added with 0.1% TFA) with a flow rate of 2.0 mL/min and a sample loading size of 100 mg was optimized for the separation. As a result, a total of 42 mg HSAF with a purity of 97.6% and recovery of 91.7% was yielded in one separation. The structure elucidation based on HR-TOF-MS, <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C NMR, and antifungal activities revealed that the isolated compound was unambiguously identified as HSAF. These results are helpful for separating and producing HSAF at an industrial scale, and they further demonstrate that HSCCC is a useful tool for isolating bioactive constituents from beneficial microorganisms. Chromatography ; Countercurrent chromatography ; Chemistry ; Yield (engineering) ; Antifungal ; Column chromatography ; Materials science ; Microbiology ; Biology Chromatography in Natural Products ; Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds ; Fungal Biology and Applications
Authors: Umamaheswari Raju
Source: Matéria (Rio de Janeiro) (article, 2023-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Prediction of strength properties of concrete with jute fibres, kenaf fibers and silica fumes: a response surface methodology (DOE) approach The Design of Experiment (DOE) approach was employed to determine the optimum combination of progression variables, which included Jute fibres (JF), Kenaf fibres (KF), and Silica fumes (SF), aimed at improving the mechanical properties of concrete. To achieve this, the Central composite design (CCD) of Response Surface Methodology was used. The results indicated that the inclusion of KF, JF and SF contributed positively to enhancement of mechanical properties. However, it was observed that a higher level of 0.75% of Jute and kenaf fibres incorporation led to a reduction in strength. The analysis, which involved surface plots, Pareto charts, and regression models, demonstrated that the presence of silica fumes was the most influential factor affecting compressive strength at both 14 days and 28 days. On the other hand, for split tensile strength, both jute and kenaf fibres played significant roles. To assess the accuracy of the models, validation tests were conducted, and the percentage of error was found to be less than 3.5% for compressive strength and split tensile strength. This indicates the reliability of models in predicting the strength properties based on the chosen progression variables. Kenaf ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Response surface methodology ; Materials science ; Compressive strength ; Composite material ; Design of experiments ; Composite number ; Central composite design ; Fiber ; Mathematics Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Innovative concrete reinforcement materials ; Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Ning Li | Tianjiao Liu | Mengqi Tian | Junrui Duan | Yao Mu | Runjun Sun
Source: e-Polymers (article, 2023-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Comprehensive performance evaluation based on electromagnetic shielding properties of the weft-knitted fabrics made by stainless steel/cotton blended yarn Abstract Electromagnetic shielding (EMS) fabric is an effective way to prevent electromagnetic (EM) radiation. However, the research about mechanism analysis of the fabrics’ structure, EM wave (EMW) incident direction, and EMW frequency on the EMS properties of knitted fabrics is discordant at present. Meanwhile, researchers are focused on improving the EMS efficiency of the fabric but rarely discussed the thermal-wet comfort of the fabric. Therefore, in this study a series of weft-knitted fabrics within stainless steel/cotton (30/70) blended yarns were knitted, and the effects of EMW incident direction, stitches, loop lengths, and frequency on EMS effectiveness (EMSE) were analyzed. Meanwhile, the EMS property, warmth retention property, air permeability, moisture permeability, and bursting strength were selected as the evaluation index to evaluate the comprehensive properties of the fabrics by fuzzy mathematics. The results showed that all factors had different degrees of influence on EMSE, and the weft inlay stitch had both the functionality and thermal-wet comfort, which was excellent EMSE in knitted fabric. These results are expected to provide a reference to the design of EMS weft-knitted fabrics. Yarn ; Electromagnetic shielding ; Composite material ; Materials science ; Mechanical engineering ; Engineering Textile materials and evaluations ; Electromagnetic wave absorption materials ; Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Yi Zhou | Junjie Zhan | Ziyang Xu | Yifan Shao | Yubo Wang | Yongdi Dang | Sen Zhang | Yungui Ma
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2023-08-05)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Electromagnetic Spatiotemporal Differentiators Spatiotemporal optical computing devices which could perform mathematical operations in both spatial and temporal domains can provide unprecedented measures to build efficient and real-time information processing systems. It is particularly important to realize the comprehensive functions in a compact design for better integration with electronic components. In this work, we experimentally demonstrated an analogue spatiotemporal differentiator in microwaves based on an asymmetrical metasurface which has a phase singularity in the spatiotemporal domain. We showed that this structure could give rise to a spatiotemporal transfer function required by an ideal first-order differentiator in both spatial and temporal domains by tailoring the unidirectional excitation of spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs). The spatial edge detection was performed utilizing a metallic slit and the temporal differentiation capability of the device was examined by Gaussian-like temporal pulses of different width. We further confirmed the differentiator demonstrated here could detect sharp changes of spatiotemporal pulses even with intricate profiles and theoretically estimated the resolution limits of the spatial and temporal edge detection. We also show that the pulse input after passing the spatiotemporal differentiator implemented here could carry a transverse orbital angular momentum (OAM) with a fractal topology charge which further increases the information quantity. Differentiator ; Computer science ; Physics ; Topology (electrical circuits) ; Electronic engineering ; Optics ; Computer vision ; Engineering ; Electrical engineering ; Filter (signal processing) Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics ; Photonic Crystals and Applications
Authors: Melva Lianur Ritonga | Achwil Putra Munir | A Rindang | P C Ayu
Source: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering (article, 2023-08-26)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Calibration of Proximate Content of Arabica Sidikalang Green Bean Coffee Using NIRS and PLS Generally, coffee bean’s content measurement is conducted destructively, where it is known to be less effective. Measurement using the Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) method could be an alternative to a rapid determination of the chemical content non-destructively. The study aimed to obtain a partial least square (PLS) calibration model of water, lipid and carbohydrate content in Sidikalang Arabica green bean coffee. This method can predict the chemical content assisted with several data pretreatments, namely multiple scatter correction (MSC), standard normal variative (SNV), normalization, first derivative (dg1), second derivative (dg2), combination of dg 1 + MSC and combination of dg2 + MSC. Results showed that the best calibration model for water content was obtained using normalization with 6 PLS factor with r value of 0.574. moreover, the best calibration model in lipid content was obtained using MSC with 5 PLS factor with r value of 0.647, and the best calibration model for carbohydrate was using MSC with 6 PLS factors with r value of 0.563. The model obtained from this study is categorized into a moderate model and could be use in simulations with predictive values ​​with moderate accuracy. Generally, coffee bean’s content measurement is conducted destructively, where it is known to be less effective. Measurement using the Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) method could be an alternative to a rapid determination of the chemical content non-destructively. The study aimed to obtain a partial least square (PLS) calibration model of water, lipid and carbohydrate content in Sidikalang Arabica green bean coffee. This method can predict the chemical content assisted with several data pretreatments, namely multiple scatter correction (MSC), standard normal variative (SNV), normalization, first derivative (dg1), second derivative (dg2), combination of dg 1 + MSC and combination of dg2 + MSC. Results showed that the best calibration model for water content was obtained using normalization with 6 PLS factor with r value of 0.574. moreover, the best calibration model in lipid content was obtained using MSC with 5 PLS factor with r value of 0.647, and the best calibration model for carbohydrate was using MSC with 6 PLS factors with r value of 0.563. The model obtained from this study is categorized into a moderate model and could be use in simulations with predictive values ​​with moderate accuracy. Normalization (sociology) ; Calibration ; Partial least squares regression ; Green coffee ; Water content ; Chemistry ; Content (measure theory) ; Second derivative ; Mathematics ; Food science ; Statistics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Coffee research and impacts