jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Manobalan Subramanian | Sumangala Thondiyanoor Pisharam
Source: Discover Nano (article, 2026-02-03)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Advances in foam-based materials for electromagnetic interference shielding: synthesis, properties, and performance Electromagnetic pollution has intensified with the rapid expansion of wireless technologies and compact electronics. This has created a high demand for lightweight materials that can absorb microwaves (MA) and shield against electromagnetic interference (EMI). Foam-based structures are promising options because their porous designs naturally match impedance, promote internal reflections, and enable various loss mechanisms. These structures are also very light. Recent fabrication methods, such as freeze casting, space-holder replication, 3D printing, sol-gel foaming, and bio-templating, allow precise control over pore size, anisotropy, and the formation of conductive or magnetic networks. This enables customization of shielding performance. This review offers an integrated assessment of various foams, including metal, carbon, polymer, composite, and hybrid types. It examines how pore shape, interfacial properties, and filler connectivity influence conduction loss, interfacial polarization, magnetic interactions, and absorption-based attenuation. A major contribution is the systematic comparison of specific shielding effectiveness-measured as SE per density and SE per density-times-thickness-across representative systems. These comparisons show that optimized foam structures can outperform dense materials on a weight basis. This advantage is especially important for aerospace, wearable electronics, and portable devices. The review also highlights persisting challenges, including limited structure-property models, thermochemical instability, and measurement artefacts in ultralight foams. Finally, it outlines three promising research paths; biodegradable foams, magnetically tunable hybrids, and impedance-graded architectures, positioning foam-based materials as strong candidates for next-generation, sustainable EMI shielding. Electromagnetic shielding ; EMI ; Electromagnetic interference ; Electrical conductor ; Fabrication ; Interference (communication) ; Microwave ; Wearable computer Electromagnetic wave absorption materials ; Electromagnetic Fields and Biological Effects ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies
Authors: Hao Yang | Pengfei Xu | Bassem A. Al-Maythalony | Y. Hou J.X. Huang | Meng Xu | Yezhen Hua | Wenhua Zhang | X Wang | Senlin Cui | He Zhu | Biao Xu
Source: Science Advances (article, 2026-01-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Negative-thermal-expansion particles enable high-performance and ultradurable thermoelectric modules Interfacial compatibility across multiple material parts governs device stability in solid-state batteries, flexible electronics, and high-temperature fuel cells. For thermoelectric devices, researchers principally focused on chemical reactivity and mechanical properties of material components, whereas precise control of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) remains elusive. Here, we propose an innovative strategy using negative-thermal-expansion (NTE) particles to regulate CTE and resolve interfacial incompatibility. Incorporating predesigned interface reaction-free NTE particles into Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub>-based, Mg<sub>3</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub>-based, and PbTe-based materials effectively improves thermoelectric performance, alleviates thermal stress, and enhances interfacial stability across a broad temperature range (300 to 800 kelvin). Notably, the NTE-modified Mg<sub>3</sub>(Sb,Bi)<sub>2</sub>/Bi<sub>0.4</sub>Sb<sub>1.6</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> two-pair module achieves a record-high conversion efficiency (η) of 8.4% at Δ<i>T</i> = 350 K with a 71% interfacial thermal stress reduction, maintaining a stable interface and unchanged η throughout 1000-hour (42 days) thermal cycling. Our strategy establishes a universal approach for improving interfacial compatibility in high-temperature functional modules including thermal-barrier coatings and solar thermophotovoltaic devices. Compatibility (geochemistry) ; Thermoelectric effect ; Thermophotovoltaic ; Thermal ; Thermal stability ; Thermoelectric materials ; Thermal expansion ; Thermoelectric cooling ; Atmospheric temperature range Thermal Expansion and Ionic Conductivity ; Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies
Authors: Yukio Watanabe
Source: Physics Letters A (article, 2026-01-14)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Functionalities of Au2O, Au2O3, Au2O3-, and nanosheets, including spontaneous polarization, using DFT and hybrid functional Density functional theory ; Hybrid functional ; Dielectric ; Band gap ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Symmetry (geometry) Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Copper-based nanomaterials and applications ; Heusler alloys: electronic and magnetic properties
Authors: Elmira Shajari | David Gagné | Mandy Malick | Patricia Roy | Jean-François Noël | Hugo Gagnon | Maxime Delisle | F Boisvert | Marie A. Brunet | Jean‐François Beaulieu
Source: Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences (article, 2026-04-13)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Non-invasive assessment of inflammatory bowel disease activity using a DIA-derived stool peptidomic signature and machine learning Introduction Monitoring disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is essential for guiding therapy and preventing irreversible tissue damage. Colonoscopy, although the gold standard, is invasive and unsuitable for frequent monitoring, while fecal calprotectin lacks accuracy within its diagnostic gray zone (fecal calprotectin 100–250 μg/g). Stool proteomics offers a non-invasive alternative by directly capturing molecular signatures of intestinal inflammation. We conducted a proof-of-concept study to determine whether stool-derived peptides can accurately classify IBD activity (Active vs. Remission) using a fully unbiased and reproducible nested cross-validation machine-learning framework. Methods A total of 174 stool samples from IBD patients were collected and profiled using SWATH-DIA mass spectrometry. Feature selection was performed within the training loops only (Boruta, LASSO, RFE) across repeated subsampling, retaining peptides consistently identified in ≥70% of runs. Stable features were used to train four classifiers (GLMNet, SVM-Radial, SVM-Linear, Naïve Bayes) under inner 5-fold tuning. Outer test folds provided fully unseen evaluation, and model performance was additionally assessed exclusively on gray zone samples extracted from the outer test splits to quantify diagnostic resolution in this clinically challenging subgroup. Results Nested cross-validation identified a consensus panel of nine stool-derived peptides from five proteins. Across candidate classifiers, performance was broadly similar, with GLMNet consistently achieving the best trade-off between metrics. For GLMNet, outer-fold mean AUC was 0.93 and balanced accuracy 0.88, with specificity 0.94, sensitivity 0.82, and F1-score 0.85; close agreement between inner- and outer-fold metrics indicated minimal overfitting. Within the calprotectin gray zone subgroup (n = 34), GLMNet maintained good performance (balanced accuracy 0.78, F1 0.79, AUC 0.80), confirming that the peptide signature remains informative in this diagnostically challenging range. Conclusion A stool-based multi-peptide signature, evaluated with a rigorously nested, leakage-free machine-learning framework, can reliably classify IBD activity and retain discriminative power within the gray zone. This biologically interpretable five-protein panel provides a strong basis for targeted mass-spectrometry assay development and prospective validation as a non-invasive tool for personalized IBD monitoring. Calprotectin ; Inflammatory bowel disease ; Faecal calprotectin ; Gold standard (test) ; Feature selection ; Feces ; Disease ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Machine Learning in Bioinformatics ; Biochemical and Structural Characterization
Authors: Ioannis Stasinopoulos | Shazia Khan | Shaden Melhem | Martin Roumain | Diego Cobice | Natalie Z. M. Homer | C Logan Mackay | Roger Brown | Matthew A Bailey | R. Andrew
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (article, 2026-01-17)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Localisation of corticosteroids in male mouse kidney by mass spectrometry imaging Abstract Renal sodium balance is important for blood pressure homeostasis and is regulated by corticosteroids, chiefly aldosterone but also glucocorticoids. Abundance of these hormones in functional subregions of the kidney is unknown, previous work being limited to measurements in plasma and urine, and in microdialysate from kidney medulla. Here mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) was applied to map corticosteroids in kidney to understand how their distribution overlays with functional targets. Male C57BL6 mice, aged 10 weeks, were fed diets containing 0.03%, 0.3% or 3% w:w sodium for two weeks and kidneys harvested at cull. Steroids were localised as Girard T derivatives on cryosections using Matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation Fourier transform ion cyclotron MSI, with confirmation by liquid extraction surface analysis. Co-registration was performed on sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Corticosterone localised along the papilla, medulla and inner cortex, whereas 11-dehydrocorticosterone was concentrated in the medulla. Higher amounts of aldosterone were present in medulla and outer cortex. Distribution patterns were unchanged by dietary salt, but amounts of corticosterone were elevated, particularly in outer cortex with low salt diet. MSI holds great promise to dissect corticosteroid signalling in functional zones of the kidney. Aldosterone ; Corticosterone ; Kidney ; Mineralocorticoid ; Homeostasis ; Sodium ; Mass spectrometry imaging ; Medulla Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Ion Transport and Channel Regulation ; Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
Authors: Niloy Chowdhury | Arifur Rahman | Mazeyar Parvinzadeh Gashti
Source: Journal of Composites Science (article, 2026-04-07)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

A Review About Centrifugal Spun Polymer and Polymer Composites Nanofibers in Filtration Process: Mechanism, Efficiency and Applications Electrospinning is the most widely used technique for creating nanofibers. However, the low production rate and the usage of a high-voltage setup have become obstacles to its widespread application. One effective method for creating nanofibers from a variety of materials is centrifugal spinning. This review discusses centrifugal spinning (CS) as an effective and scalable nanofiber manufacturing technology, particularly in filtration systems, and presents it as a promising alternative to existing methods, such as electrospinning. The review highlights the advantages of CS, including its high production rate, cost efficiency, and the ability to process various materials to produce nano- and microfibers. Despite its high potential, the issues associated with CS technology include the unpredictability of fiber quality, the inability to control diameters, and the need for more robust mathematical models to predict fiber characteristics. To eliminate these shortcomings and further enhance the industrial utility of centrifugally spun nanofibers in filtration, future studies should focus on improving process control, exploring a broader range of polymers, optimizing melt electrospinning, and designing more advanced nozzle profiles. Nanofiber ; Spinning ; Filtration (mathematics) ; Fiber ; Nozzle ; Process (computing) Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Electrohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics ; Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation
Authors: Carina Dietz | Maren Kvilten | Simona Sebastiano | Cécile FORMOSA-DAGUE | Alexander Unger | Dieter Spiehl | Andreas Blaeser | Mikaël Lindgren | Magnus Philipp | Johannnes Kabisch
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (article, 2026-03-21)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Bacterial Spores as a Scalable, Modular Platform for the Production of Amyloids for Materials Summary We present a proof-of-concept platform in which amyloids are displayed on the surface of engineered Bacillus subtilis spores for bioengineered materials. Amyloids possess high tensile strength, elasticity, and tunable assembly, but their use is limited by inaccessible native sources and low-yield or toxic heterologous expression. Here, spores were engineered to display the native amyloid TasA and Humboldt squid suckerins 9 and 10 as fusions to the spore coat protein CotY. Amyloid production and fibril formation were confirmed by Western blot and X-34 staining, and quantitative analysis indicated mg/L-level yields. Atomic force microscopy revealed altered stiffness and surface ultrastructure, and incorporation of amyloid-displaying spores into resin-based 3D printing modified tensile strength. These findings highlight spore-based amyloid display as a scalable, modular platform for materials applications, leveraging established industrial spore production. Spore ; Bacillus subtilis ; Heterologous ; Endospore ; Modular design ; Ultimate tensile strength Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials ; Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing ; Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
Authors: Angga Setiawan | Rahmat Wijaya | Agus Subeno | Arif Budi Affandi | Toni Okviyanto | Fathan Mubina Dewadi
Source: Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur (article, 2026-01-31)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Design of Coconut Milk Pressing Machine with Two Screw Shafts to Improve Extraction Efficiency and Quality Coconut milk pressing machines play an important role in coconut processing; however, conventional single-screw designs still face limitations related to pressure distribution and extraction stability. This study aims to design and analyze a coconut milk pressing machine, employing a counter-rotating two screw shafts configuration as an alternative to commonly used single-screw systems. The research methodology includes a reverse-engineering approach, analytical calculations to determine pressing capacity, power, torque, and pressure, and finite element analysis (FEA) simulations to evaluate the structural strength of main components. The analytical results indicate that the proposed design achieves a theoretical pressing capacity of 53 kg/h, with a shaft power requirement of 1.11 kW and a pressing pressure of 1.67 × 10⁵ N/m². FEA results show that the Von Mises stress and deformation remain below the allowable limits of the selected material, indicating a conservative, structurally safe design. All results presented in this study are theoretical and numerical in nature and have not yet been validated through experimental testing. The novelty of this work lies in the application of a counter-rotating two screw shafts configuration, which theoretically provides a more uniform pressure distribution than conventional single-screw systems without a significant increase in power consumption. Future work will focus on prototype fabrication and experimental testing to validate extraction performance, energy efficiency, and hygienic aspects. Pressing ; Finite element method ; von Mises yield criterion ; Work (physics) ; Deformation (meteorology) ; Stress (linguistics) ; Extraction (chemistry) ; Power (physics) ; Quality (philosophy) Coconut Research and Applications ; Agricultural Engineering and Mechanization ; Date Palm Research Studies
Authors: Mona khalifa | Nahed Ahmed Hussien
Source: Nanotechnology Reviews (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Yttrium-doped copper oxide nanoparticles: potential therapeutic applications in metabolic, neurodegenerative, arthritic, and diabetic disorders Abstract Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) show promise in biomedicine due to their stability and beneficial attributes, including antimicrobial, antifungal, and anticancer properties. However, their toxicity raises concerns that require improvements in biocompatibility. Doping with transition metals, like yttrium (Y), effectively addresses these issues while enhancing antioxidant activity. The present study aims to synthesize Y-doped CuO NPs and characterize them using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The cytotoxic effect of Y–CuO NPs against human normal fibroblast (BJ-1) was evaluated. Furthermore, the study examines the bioactive properties of Y–CuO NPs, emphasizing their capabilities in antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer’s, anti-arthritic, and anti-diabetic potentials. A monoclinic crystalline structure of Y–CuO NPs was successfully synthesized with a mean size of 10.563 nm ± 2.204. Y–CuO NPs have low cytotoxic potential against BJ-1 cell lines, with an IC 50 of 335.93 ± 6.36 μg mL −1 . Y–CuO NPs (50, 100, 200 μg mL −1 ) show antioxidant activity, reducing total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and iron reducing power (IRP) dose-dependently. It shows the highest effect at 200 μg mL −1 , with TAC at 103.27 ± 0.87 mg gallic acid g −1 and IRP at 89.18 ± 1.08 μg mL −1 . Y–CuO NPs scavenge 50 % of DPPH radicals with an IC 50 value of 117.81 ± 0.40 μg mL −1 and 94.61 ± 0.13 μg mL −1 for ABTS. The nanoparticles’ scavenging activity shows an IC 50 of 159.35 ± 0.10 μg mL −1 for nitric oxide, 189.324 ± 0.20 μg mL −1 for OH, and 151.02 ± 0.03 μg mL −1 for H 2 O 2 , respectively. Y–CuO NPs show anti-Alzheimer’s, anti-arthritic, and anti-diabetic activities by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (IC 50 = 172.19 ± 0.14), proteinase (IC 50 = 155.96 ± 0.11), α-amylase (IC 50 = 103.39 ± 0.07), and (IC 50 = 144.41 ± 0.10) α-glucosidase enzymes, respectively. Y 3+ doping promotes the formation of oxygen vacancies that enhance redox and enzymatic activity in Y–CuO NPs. This study explores the biological potential of synthetically formed Y–CuO NPs for future biomedical uses. The findings are preliminary enzyme-inhibition screens awaiting in vivo confirmation. Antioxidant ; Transmission electron microscopy ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Yttrium ; Nanomaterials ; Nanoparticle ; Gallic acid ; DPPH Copper-based nanomaterials and applications ; Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Laser-Ablation Synthesis of Nanoparticles
Authors: Hao-Yang Li | Hyunseung Kim | Jeong Woo Shin | Jiyoon Shin | Pei-Chen Su
Source: Journal of Materials Chemistry A (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Surface modification strategies for direct methane and direct ammonia solid oxide fuel cell anodes: current approaches and future directions This review highlights how infiltration, exsolution, and atomic layer deposition modify SOFC anodes to improve direct methane/ammonia conversion, enhance electrochemical performance, and combat degradation via coking and nitridation. Surface modification ; Anode ; Methane ; Current (fluid) ; Deposition (geology) ; Solid oxide fuel cell ; Degradation (telecommunications) ; Fuel cells Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ; Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction ; Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
Authors: Huda Ahmad | Hannah M. Doherty | Sam Benedict | James Haycocks | Ge Zhou | Patrick J. Moynihan | Danesh Moradigaravand | Manuel Banzhaf
Source: Bioinformatics (article, 2026-01-03)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

ChemGenXplore: an interactive tool for exploring and analysing chemical genomic data ChemGenXplore is freely accessible as a web application at https://chemgenxplore.kaust.edu.sa/. Source code and documentation, including instructions for local installation, are provided on GitHub (https://github.com/Hudaahmadd/ChemGenXplore). A Docker image is also available on DockerHub (https://hub.docker.com/r/hudaahmad/chemgenxplore) to ensure reproducibility and simplify installation. Source code ; Code (set theory) ; Software ; Web application ; Open source ; Data source Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks ; Scientific Computing and Data Management
Authors: Liangjun Xie | Ran He | Jiehe Sui | Kornelius Nielsch | Zihang Liu
Source: Chemical Science (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Advances in MgAgSb thermoelectrics: from materials to devices Thermoelectric materials have attracted considerable attention due to their significant potential in waste heat recovery and solid-state cooling, which are critical for emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things, 5G communications, and thermal management of advanced electronics. In the field of low-temperature thermoelectric materials and devices, MgAgSb-based devices have emerged as a promising alternative to commercial Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub>-based devices, owing to their superior performance near room temperature, abundant elemental availability, and environmental compatibility. Over the past decade, substantial progress has been achieved in elucidating and optimizing the thermoelectric properties of MgAgSb and its devices. This review presents a comprehensive summary of recent developments in the intrinsic properties, synthesis process refinements, and performance optimization strategies of MgAgSb, as well as interface engineering, geometric optimization, and stability enhancement in MgAgSb-based devices, while critically addressing current challenges and prospective pathways toward the practical implementation of MgAgSb-based thermoelectrics. Thermoelectric effect ; Thermoelectric materials ; Process (computing) ; Interface (matter) ; Thermal management of electronic devices and systems ; Field (mathematics) Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Heusler alloys: electronic and magnetic properties ; Superconductivity in MgB2 and Alloys
Authors: Adele T. Chalmers | Zonggao Hu | Nicholas F. Dummer | Kieran J. Aggett | David J. Morgan | Michael Bowker | Graham J. Hutchings | Kara J. Stowers
Source: Catalysis Science & Technology (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Alumina supported Cu nanoparticles derived from MOF crystallites for CO <sub>2</sub> hydrogenation Utilization of MOF-derived catalysts can help contribute to a greener carbon economy. Catalysis ; Crystallite ; Nanoparticle ; Carbon fibers ; Copper ; Heterogeneous catalysis Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; Catalysts for Methane Reforming ; Carbon dioxide utilization in catalysis
Authors: Qingxiu Ma | Yun Deng | Wei Wu | Jiajun Liang
Source: Open Physics (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Temperature switchable terahertz metasurface for multifunctional wavefront manipulation Abstract In this paper, a metasurface by utilizing the phase transition properties of vanadium dioxide is designed, which is capable of realizing the dynamic switching of two different functions by changing the temperature. The designed metasurface unit mainly consists of vanadium dioxide based double resonant split ring (DSRR), dumbbell-shaped patch and a pair of complementary vanadium dioxide patches (DMCVP), which can realize highly efficient circularly polarized reflection at the band of 0.9–1.2 THz. By varying the conductivity of vanadium dioxide and rotating the DSRR and DMCVP separately, two independent reflection phase gradients can be realized within the operating band. Based on the proposed metasurface unit, two kinds of orbital angular momentum generators and two kinds of holographic imaging patterns are realized by switching the external temperature, respectively. The proposed metasurface realizes great flexibility in wavefront manipulation. Vanadium dioxide ; Wavefront ; Terahertz radiation ; Reflection (computer programming) ; Holography ; Angular momentum ; Phase (matter) Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies