jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Sanjana Devda | Rajendra Kotadiya
Source: Separation Science Plus (article, 2025-11-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Development of a Stability‐Indicating RP‐HPLC Method for Metformin, Linagliptin, and Dapagliflozin Using Analytical Quality by Design Principles ABSTRACT An AQbD‐driven RP‐HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of metformin, dapagliflozin, and linagliptin in fixed‐dose pharmaceutical formulations, addressing the analytical challenge posed by their distinct physicochemical profiles. The study introduces novelty by being the first to apply AQbD principles for this three‐drug combination, incorporating risk assessment, systematic optimization, and robust validation in accordance with ICH Q2R2 guidelines. The target was an accurate, precise, and stability‐indicating method suitable for routine quality control. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 column using an acetonitrile‐phosphate buffer mobile phase (pH 6.8, 0.7 mL/min, 30°C, detection at 230 nm). The method displayed excellent linearity ( R 2 &gt; 0.997), with calibration ranges of 20–140 µg/mL for metformin, 0.2–1.4 µg/mL for linagliptin, and 0.6–2.8 µg/mL for dapagliflozin; recovery ranged from 98.9% to 102.3%, and injection repeatability was demonstrated by RSD &lt; 2%. Forced degradation studies confirmed specificity, with clear separation from degradation products and high peak purity indices (&gt; 0.999). Robustness testing using a fractional factorial design showed that the method's performance was unaffected by deliberate parameter changes. In conclusion, the validated AQbD‐based HPLC method is robust, specific, and reliable for the simultaneous quantification and stability assessment of the triple drug formulation and is well‐suited for both regulatory and industrial quality control needs. Quality by Design ; Robustness (evolution) ; Repeatability ; Fractional factorial design ; Forced degradation ; Calibration ; Critical quality attributes ; Factorial experiment Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Diabetes Treatment and Management
Authors: C. García-Pérez | Fernando J. Urbanos | Gabriel Caballero | Manuel Osorio | A. Gómez | Ramón Bernardo Gavito | Daniel Granados
Source: Materials Today Quantum (article, 2025-04-26)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Innovative direct manufacturing of tungsten carbide superconducting nanowires for photon detection applications via pulsed focused ion beam induced deposition We present the development and optical characterization of tungsten carbide superconducting nanowire devices for photon detection. They are nanofabricated by direct deposition via pulsed focused ion beam induced deposition (PFIBID) using Tungsten Hexacarbonyl (W(CO)₆) as precursor. The nanowires exhibit a critical temperature of 4.71 K and demonstrate a notable response to low-intensity CW or pulsed laser illumination. For the first time, in-operando photoresponse low-temperature maps reveal hotspot distributions under low power illumination and localized superconductivity suppression upon high fluence photon absorption at higher powers. Dynamic response measurements under 1 MHz repetition rate, 640 nm pulsed laser excitation highlight the fast temporal response of the detectors and high operation stability near saturation. While currently operating in the multi-photon regime (9 photons/output-pulse), the findings emphasize their potential for single-photon detection with further optimization of material thickness (target <25 nm) and excitation schemes. This work demonstrates the significant promise to direct nanofabricate superconducting devices based on WC for advanced quantum applications. Tungsten carbide ; Materials science ; Nanowire ; Tungsten ; Focused ion beam ; Superconductivity ; Deposition (geology) ; Optoelectronics ; Carbide ; Ion beam ; Nanotechnology ; Ion ; Beam (structure) ; Metallurgy ; Optics ; Chemistry ; Physics ; Condensed matter physics Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research ; Metal and Thin Film Mechanics ; Ion-surface interactions and analysis
Authors: Віктор Вячеславович Квасницький | Анастасія Костянтинівна Зворикіна | Леонід Олегович Зворикін | Костянтин Олегович Зворикін | Валерій Анатолійович Костін | Тетяна Глібівна Таранова
Source: The Scientific Issues of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University Series pedagogy (article, 2025-12-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Визначення структурних особливостей матеріалу з’єднання нітинолових дротів, виконаних лазерним зварюванням The object of the study is the welded joint of thin wires made of nitinol alloy. The problem of ensuring the formation of a joint of wires with a diameter of 0.8 mm made of nitinol alloy was solved based on determining the influence of laser welding modes on structural changes in the material of the weld. Based on the use of scanning electron microscopy, micro-X-ray spectral (EDS) analysis, a study of the properties of the material of the welded joint of the nitinol wires was performed. The joint was obtained by welding with an ytterbium fiber laser. It was confirmed that laser welding in an argon atmosphere is able to ensure the high-quality formation of a welded joint without macrodefects while maintaining the superelasticity of the joint material (within the shape memory effect). Two laser welding modes were used with a constant applied laser radiation energy. The duration of the laser radiation action and the multiplicity of such action were varied. At the same time, structural changes in the weld material, which are caused by the multiplicity of laser heating, involve the formation of enlarged zones of the eutectic TiNi + TiNi3 from metastable nanophases of titanium nickelides. The number of such grains decreases with the depth of the weld. Detection of structural changes and establishment of a decrease in the number of point phase inclusions with an increased nickel content in the weld can be a regulating factor for optimizing the structure of the welded joint material. In the welded joints made, when it is bent at an angle of 30°, the residual deformation does not exceed 10%. The results of the study of the structure of the welded joint of nitinol wires made by laser welding are promising and can be used in the conditions of manufacturing nitinol wire connections by welding medical products Welding ; Laser beam welding ; Eutectic system ; Laser ; Alloy ; Titanium alloy ; Heat-affected zone ; Joint (building) Shape Memory Alloy Transformations ; Metallurgical and Alloy Processes ; Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
Authors: Andasuryani Andasuryani | Nadilla Alifia Safmi | Khandra Fahmy
Source: Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian (article, 2025-06-19)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Non-Destructive Prediction of Moisture Content in Cascara Using NIR Spectroscopy with PLS and PCR Coffee cherry pulp is a by-product of coffee processing that has not been optimally utilized. Coffee cherry pulp can be dried to produce a herbal tea product, known as cascara. As an herbal tea product, moisture content is one of the most important quality parameters for assessing the quality of cascara. Therefore, a method is required to measure the moisture content of cascara. One of the methods developed is NIR spectroscopy, which is non-destructive, fast, and does not require chemicals. The purpose of this research is to explore the application of NIR spectroscopy in predicting cascara moisture content using partial least squares (PLS) and principal component regression (PCR) methods and to evaluate the performance of each method in building an optimal calibration model. Pretreatment of the spectrum data was carried out with standard normal variate (SNV), gap-segment 2nd derivative (dg2), and a combination of SNV+dg2. The results showed that the best prediction of cascara moisture content used the PLS calibration technique with dg2 pretreatment and five factors 5. The values obtained were Rc2 = 0.96, RMSEC = 0.87 %, SEC = 0.87 %, Rp2 = 0.90, RMSEP = 1.22 %, SEP = 1.16 %, and RPD = 3.44. Meanwhile, the PCR method produced good predictions using SNV pretreatment, with a factor of 8. The prediction results were Rc2 = 0.89, RMSEC = 1.40 %, Rp2 = 0.90, RMSEP = 1.33 %, and RPD = 3.15. NIR spectroscopy can predict the moisture content of cascara nondestructively and rapidly. Partial least squares regression ; Moisture ; Water content ; Calibration ; Near-infrared spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; Pulp (tooth) ; Food science ; Environmental science ; Mathematics ; Pulp and paper industry ; Statistics ; Biology ; Medicine Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Meat and Animal Product Quality
Authors: Abdalrhaman Koko
Source: Proceedings of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences (article, 2025-02-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

<i>In situ</i> characterisation of slip-band behaviour in ferrite under mechanical loading This study investigates the behaviour of slip bands, terminated mid-grain in the ferrite grains of age-hardened stainless steel, under different conditions, to understand their dislocation activity and response to varying loads. The full Nye lattice curvature tensor was measured in situ using high-resolution electron backscatter diffraction (HR-EBSD) to estimate the total geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) density and individual mobile and immobile dislocation activity at the slip-band scale. We found that slip bands primarily consist of edge dislocations, marked by a ‘blooming zone’ at their tip, indicating significant shear deformation and loss of mobile dislocations. The blooming zone expands as the load increases while the slip-band thickness remains constant. Coupled with the correlation between mobile and immobile dislocations within the loaded slip bands observed in situ , we observed that the dislocation activities at the slip bands were mainly from immobile edge dislocations to maintain the geometrical distortion of the slip band. In situ ; Ferrite (magnet) ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Slip (aerodynamics) ; Engineering ; Physics ; Aerospace engineering Microstructure and mechanical properties ; Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels ; Magnetic Properties and Applications
Authors: Oskar Mikołajczyk | Aleksandra Suchołbiak | Aleksander Małachowski | Aleksandra Serafin | Katarzyna Naja | Karolina Baran | Jakub Zwardoń | Julia Sałata | Filip Bracichowicz
Source: Quality in Sport (review, 2025-07-09)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Expanding Horizons – A Broad-Spectrum Review of Emerging Medical Applications of N-Acetylcysteine N-acetyl-l-cysteine is a thiol-containing compound widely recognized for its antioxidant, mucolytic, and glutathione-replenishing properties. Historically established for use in acetaminophen toxicity and respiratory diseases, n-acetyl-l-cysteine has garnered growing interest for its broad therapeutic potential across diverse medical domains. This narrative review synthesizes evidence from meta-analyses published from January 2024 onwards, sourced from PubMed, to present emerging clinical applications of n-acetyl-l-cysteine. Findings suggest promising roles for n-acetyl-l-cysteine as an adjunctive therapy in managing rheumatoid arthritis, improving reproductive outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, and enhancing recovery following physical exertion by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. While results for substance use disorders remain mixed, n-acetyl-l-cysteine’s modulation of glutamatergic and antioxidant pathways warrants further investigation. Nonetheless, n-acetyl-l-cysteine’s favorable safety profile and multifaceted biological actions underscore its potential in various clinical contexts. This review highlights medical areas of growing evidence on n-acetyl-l-cysteine’s efficacy while identifying gaps that necessitate further well-designed trials. Its aim is to inform about new research directions. Acetylcysteine ; Broad spectrum ; Spectrum (functional analysis) ; New horizons ; Medicine ; Engineering ; Chemistry ; Physics ; Aerospace engineering Click Chemistry and Applications
Authors: Zafar Iqbal Khan | Kafeel Ahmad | Mazhar Iqbal Zafar | Asma Ashfaq | Muhammad Aamer Maqsood | Shahzad Akhtar | Muhammad Sajjad Iqbal | Ijaz Rasool Noorka | Muhammad Irfan Ashraf | Saif Ullah | İlker Uğulu | Rafi Ullah
Source: International Journal of Applied and Experimental Biology (article, 2025-10-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Appraisal of phytotoxicity of heavy metals in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) grown in Sargodha district, Pakistan: A quantitative assessment The freshwater shortage and increased domestic effluents have led the farmers to utilize untreated sewage water for irrigation, owing to population growth and urbanization in Pakistan. Though sewage water contains essential plant nutrients, it is also a foremost source of metal contamination within the food chain. This study aimed to compare heavy metals (Cd, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cr) contamination in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) grown in soils irrigated with sewage water, tube well water, and canal water in Sillanwali and Sargodha of Punjab, Pakistan. The areas were evaluated for heavy metal contamination using soil quality indices, including contamination factor (CF), enrichment factor (EF), bioconcentration factor (BCF), estimated daily intake (EDI), and hazard quotient (HQ), which were duly computed for the collected samples. The physicochemical properties of the soil and water samples were also analyzed. The results indicated that the sewage-irrigated areas are more vulnerable to risk concerning metal contamination than those located along canals. Metal concentrations in sewage-irrigated areas were significantly higher in the edible parts of the vegetables; sewage water contained and transferred more metals than canal water; hence, it poses increased health and ecological risks. Peak concentrations were observed at site SW1 (sewage water, site 1) and were the lowest at site TW2 (tube well water irrigation, site 2). Since all metal index values fell below 1, it shows that all metal concentrations were within permissible limits. Hazard quotient ; Contamination ; Sewage ; Water quality ; Effluent ; Soil water ; Ecotoxicology ; Tube well ; Bioconcentration Heavy Metals in Plants ; Agricultural Science and Fertilization
Authors: Sahil | Anis Ahmad Chaudhary | Sonia Sorout | Kushi Yadav | Mohamed A. M. Ali | Fehmi Boufahja | Vikram Kumar | S. L. Kothari | Devendra Kumar Jain | Kumar Sambhav Verma
Source: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology (article, 2025-11-17)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Auxin-mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles: comprehensive characterisation and antibacterial activity analysis IAA and IBA-mediated synthesis provide a green, sustainable method for producing AgNPs with significant antibacterial potential. These Auxin-based AgNPs represent promising candidates for combating antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. Antibacterial activity ; Biosynthesis ; Bacteria ; Antibacterial agent ; Antimicrobial Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
Authors: Victor Rebenko | Ivan Lukianenko | Vadym Volokh | Andrey Andreev | Anatolii Poliakov | Mykhail Yamshinskij | Dmytro Zhuravel | Dmytro Ivanchenko | Igor Kovalenko | Yevhen Chaplyhin
Source: Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies (article, 2025-08-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Establishing patterns of structural-phase transformations when processing technogenic waste of high-speed steels by carbon thermal reduction The object of this study is structural and phase transformations during the reduction of high-speed steel scale with carbon to obtain a resource-saving alloying additive. The task addressed is the loss of high-value elements when obtaining and using alloying material from man-made raw materials. Solving the problem is associated with determining technological indicators to enable the reduction of losses of the corresponding elements. It has been determined that the phase composition of the scale had the manifestation of FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeWO4, MoO2, FeW3C, W2C and Mo2C. In the reduction products, a solid solution of alloying elements and carbon in α-Fe, residual oxides Fe2O3, Fe3O4 and carbides FeW3C, WC, Mo2C, Cr7C3, Cr3C2, Cr23C6, VC was found. The disordered structure of the scale with particles of irregular shape after reduction was characterized by the presence of formations of polyhedral and rounded shapes with different contents of alloying elements. Residual oxygen was within 5.78–7.14% by weight. It was established that achieving a reduction degree of 79% is sufficient since the residual carbon in carbides provides an increased reducing ability during the further reduction of the oxide component in the liquid metal during alloying. The porous structure causes faster dissolution compared to standard ferroalloys, which reduces the resources consumed by reducing the melting time. No phases with an increased tendency to sublimation were found in the obtained alloying additive. That is, there is no need to create additional conditions that prevent the loss of alloying elements during evaporation with the gas phase, which ensures an increase in the degree of extraction of the corresponding elements. The properties of the obtained alloying additive allow it to be used in smelting in an electric arc furnace as a replacement for part of standard ferroalloys Reduction (mathematics) ; Carbon fibers ; Thermal ; Phase (matter) ; Materials science ; Waste management ; Metallurgy ; Environmental science ; Process engineering ; Engineering ; Composite material ; Chemistry ; Geography Metal Alloys Wear and Properties ; Engineering and Environmental Studies ; Advanced materials and composites
Authors: Bernadeta Ayu Widyaningrum | Sudarmanto | Lu’lu ’ Qurrotul ‘Ain Hariri | Hendrawati Hendrawati | Riska Surya Ningrum | Dwi Ajias Pramasari | Andrew Nosakhare Amenaghawon | Noureddine El Messaoudi | Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan | Handoko Darmokoesoemo | Heri Septya Kusuma
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2025-08-19)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Chitosan-Reinforced Carbon Aerogels from Oil Palm Fronds for Enhanced Oil Absorption and Silver Nanowires Loaded as Antimicrobial Activity Chitosan ; Frond ; Palm oil ; Antimicrobial ; Materials science ; Chemical engineering ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Composite material ; Organic chemistry ; Botany ; Food science Aerogels and thermal insulation ; Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity ; Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Hatip Enfal Başar
Source: VITALIS JOURNAL (article, 2025-12-30)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Zeytinden Şifa: Oksidatif Stres ve Metabolik Hastalıklarda Hidroksitirosolün Rolü Zeytin ve zeytinyağında bol miktarda bulunan fenolik bir bileşik olan hidroksitirosol (HT), oksidatif stres, inflamasyon ve metabolik bozukluklarla ilgili kronik hastalıklara karşı olası koruyucu etkileri nedeniyle giderek artan bir ilgi görmektedir. Bu derleme makalesi, HT'nin biyolojik etkilerini ve antioksidan, antiinflamatuar ve antidiyabetik aktivitedeki potansiyel rolünü destekleyen mevcut kanıtların eleştirel bir özetini sunacaktır. Deneysel çalışmalara göre, HT, esas olarak Nükleer Faktör Eritroid 2-İlişkili Faktör 2/Heme Oksijenaz-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) sinyal yolları aracılığıyla doğrudan ROS'u temizleyerek ve dolaylı olarak endojen koruyucu sistemleri aktive ederek antioksidan görevi görür. Bu arada, HT, nükleer faktör kappa B (NF-κB) ve NLR ailesi pirin alanı içeren 3 (NLRP3) inflamozomu dahil olmak üzere kritik yolları düzenleyerek inflamatuar yanıtları inhibe eder ve sonuç olarak sitokin salınımını ve doku tahribatını azaltır. Ek olarak, HT'nin pankreas ve periferik dokularda insülin sinyalini artırarak, glukoz alımını iyileştirerek ve diyabetik hayvan modellerinde β-hücre hasarını önleyerek glukoz homeostazını iyileştirdiği kanıtlanmıştır. Umut verici preklinik veriler bildirilmiş olsa da, klinik çalışmaların azlığı ve deneysel modellerin büyük ölçüde farklılık göstermesi nedeniyle HT'nin translasyonel etkisi hala çok sınırlıdır ve insanlarda biyoyararlanım ve etkili doz hakkında çok az şey bilinmektedir. Sonuç olarak, HT'nin klinik etkinliğini ve güvenliğini aydınlatmak için ek yüksek kaliteli insan çalışmaları gereklidir. Diabetes mellitus ; Antibody ; Type 1 diabetes ; Disease Edible Oils Quality and Analysis ; Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress ; Phytoestrogen effects and research
Authors: Céline Orvain | Laurie Bertrand | Alice Moussy | Betina M. Porcel | Marine Vallet | Quentin Carradec | Adrien Thurotte
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2025-10-12)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Molecular response of the diatom <i>Coscinodiscus granii</i> and its co-occurring dictyochophyte during <i>Lagenisma coscinodisci</i> parasite infection Abstract Parasitic interactions play a central role in shaping phytoplankton community dynamics. Diatoms are a major phytoplankton group for which many parasites have been describe including chytrids and oomycetes, yet host defense mechanisms remain poorly studied, limiting our understanding of the factors that constrain or promote infection events in natural environments. Major challenges in investigating diatom-parasite interactions include obtaining cultivable host-parasite pairs, maintain stable co-cultures with synchronized infection stages, and harvesting sufficient biomass for molecular analyses such as transcriptomics and metabolomics. To address these challenges, we focused on the bloom-forming diatom Coscinodiscus granii , a large species (≈200 µm) to allow manual isolation of single cells. This diatom is naturally infected by Lagenisma coscinodisci , an abundant oomycete occasionally observed in temperate coastal environments. We assembled high-quality transcriptomes for both C. granii and L. coscinodisci , providing an important resource for future molecular studies. Transcriptome analyses revealed a sophisticated effector repertoire in L. coscinodisci , including canonical oomycete virulence factors such as Crinklers, RxLR effectors, cystatins, transposon-associated proteins, and components of the RNA interference machinery (Argonaute, Dicer, RdRP), as well as cyclophilins. In the differential gene expression analyses, C. granii exhibited a transcriptional response involving proteases and exosome-related pathways, suggesting a deeply conserved, defense mechanism. In parallel, we analysed the differential expression of the heterotrophic flagellate Pteridomonas sp ., which consistently co-occurred in culture, and identified a distinct transcriptional profile characterized by the upregulation of motility-related genes, highlighting a striking mobility strategy. Owing to the exceptionally large host size and the availability of both transcriptomic and metabolomic data, this tripartite system provides a unique marine model for exploring oomycete-diatom interactions. Oomycete ; Transcriptome ; Diatom ; Effector ; Host (biology) ; Gene ; Phytoplankton ; Virulence Diatoms and Algae Research ; Protist diversity and phylogeny ; Marine Toxins and Detection Methods