jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Paul Harten | Henry Helgen | Wilson Melendez | Bradley Beach | William K. Boyes | Iason Sotiropoulos | Pantelis Karatzas | Haralambos Sarimveis | Holly M. Mortensen
Source: Environmental Science Nano (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Mining, refining, and QSAR analysing the nanoinformatics in EPA NaKnowBase Concerns about the safety of manufacturing and using engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have been increasing as the technology continues to expand. Efforts have been underway to investigate the potentially harmful effects of ENMs without carrying out the challenging empirical studies. To make such investigations possible, the US EPA Office of Research and Development (ORD) developed the nanomaterial database NaKnowBase (NKB) containing the detail of hundreds of assays conducted and published by ORD scientists experimentally investigating the environmental health and safety effects of ENMs (nanoEHS). This article describes specifics of the effort to mine, refine, and analyse the NKB. Here we use a quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) analysis, using a random forest of decision trees to predict the <i>in vitro</i> cell viability effects that occur upon exposure to ENMs that are similar in composition and structure and implement a set of laboratory conditions. These predictions are confirmed using the Jaqpot cloud platform developed by the National Technical University of Athens, Greece (NTUA) where nanoEHS effects are investigated with scientists working together globally. Quantitative structure–activity relationship ; Refining (metallurgy) ; Environmental chemistry ; Biochemical engineering ; Environmental science ; Computer science ; Chemistry ; Machine learning ; Engineering Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications ; Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
Authors: Ali J. Ramadhan | S. R. Krishna Priya | R. Keerti Balambiga | Ali J. Othman | Shikha Yadav | Pradeep Mishra | Mostafa Abotaleb | Hussein Alkattan | Zainalabideen Albadran
Source: BIO Web of Conferences (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Yield Forecast of Sugarcane Using Two Different Techniques in Discriminant Function Analysis The present study aims to develop yield forecast models for the Sugarcane crop of the Coimbatore district in Tamilnadu using two different techniques namely Variables and Months in Discriminant function analysis. For this, the Sugarcane yield data for 57 years along with the monthly data on seven weather variables have been taken. For applying discriminant analysis, the yield data of sugarcane has been divided into two categories namely two groups and three groups. The discriminant scores from the two and three-group discriminant functions were employed as independent variables in the development of yield forecast models. The yield forecast models for both strategies were created utilizing scores and trend values as independent variables. The first 52 years of yield data (1960-2012) were used to create the model, and the last five years of data (2012-2016) were used for validation. The comparison has been made between two and three groups for both techniques. The results indicate the technique using the variable-wise method gives better results based on goodness of fit. Among the two categories in the variable-wise method, three groups performed better. Yield (engineering) ; Discriminant function analysis ; Linear discriminant analysis ; Statistics ; Function (biology) ; Mathematics ; Biology ; Materials science ; Evolutionary biology Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Sugarcane Cultivation and Processing ; Natural Products and Biological Research
Authors: Nazlı Üren
Source: International Advanced Researches and Engineering Journal (article, 2024-04-20)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Constructing a descriptive sensory panel for tactile comfort evaluations: Effect of demographic variables and panel size Sensory tests are essential components of comfort studies, and constructing a sensory panel is a crucial step of this process. In the current study, Total Hand (TH) scores of 41 woven fabrics were determined by assessors having different demographic characteristics. Assessment accuracy and inter-rater reliability of panel members were investigated via correlation and concordance analyses. Effect of demographic variables (gender, age, and level of expertise), panel size and sampling method on sensory evaluation results were discussed based on statistical measures. Findings of the study certified that sensory evaluations carried out with female panel members represent overall TH scores more successfully than males and assessment of female participants are in a better agreement with each other. It was also observed that assessment accuracy and inter-rater agreement improved with increasing levels of expertise. Investigations revealed that small panel sizes were sufficient to accurately evaluate fabric hand. Therefore, it was concluded that increasing the number of participants may not necessarily provide further information on comfort preferences and perceptions of potential customers. Sensory system ; Reliability (semiconductor) ; Concordance ; Perception ; Psychology ; Correlation ; Statistics ; Descriptive statistics ; Audiology ; Mathematics ; Medicine ; Cognitive psychology Textile materials and evaluations ; Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders ; Tactile and Sensory Interactions
Authors: Alceu Souza | Claudio Kapp | Felipe Rafael Zarpellon | Claudimar Pereira da Veiga
Source: Humanities and Social Sciences Communications (article, 2024-11-27)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Sustainable production and consumption: assessing the economic viability of traditional and organic yerba mate cultivation In response to the growing consumer demand for organic products, this study examines the economic viability of traditional versus organic Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) cultivation in Paraná State, Brazil. The research uses a robust financial analysis framework to compare production expenses, projected profits, and associated risks over a fifteen-year horizon for a single hectare of land. The analysis employs the multi-index methodology to provide empirical evidence and analytical insights into the economic and risk profiles of both traditional and organic agricultural practices. This study further enhances the evaluation by incorporating the Monte Carlo Method and Crystal Ball software, transforming key financial indicators into stochastic variables. This approach allows for a nuanced risk assessment that captures the inherent uncertainties in agricultural investment. The findings indicate a significant economic advantage for organic farming, with an organic return on investment (ROI) of 12.03%, substantially outperforming the 3.99% ROI of conventional methods. Moreover, the research highlights the improved risk-adjusted returns of organic farming, showing an almost negligible probability of encountering a negative net present value (NPV), specifically P(NPV_organic ≤ 0) ≈ 0. The results underscore the financial viability and reduced risk of organic Yerba Mate cultivation, positioning it as a strategic alternative to traditional agricultural methods. These insights align with current market trends favoring sustainable and health-conscious consumer choices and provide critical guidance for stakeholders in the farming sector. This study contributes to the academic discourse on sustainable agriculture and offers practical implications for enhancing economic sustainability and resilience in farming practices. Production (economics) ; Consumption (sociology) ; Sustainable production ; Business ; Economics ; Social science ; Sociology Heavy Metals in Plants ; Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies ; Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
Authors: Stefan Dobrev
Source: Journal Scientific and Applied Research (article, 2024-11-13)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

GNSS TECHNOLOGY FOR RESEARCH OF DEFORMATIONS OF HYDROTECHNICAL INSTALLATIONS Hydro technical installations are subject to a list of temporary and constant factors, such as Natural, Physical, Tectonic, Anthropogenic and other, which lead to their deformation and destruction. Study, exploration and forecast of deformations, can save us big. In this article has been researched the GNSS capability of obtaining the necessary data for building a model and reading or predicting deformations. GNSS has been used for monitoring structural deformation and deflection for more than a 30 years now. Detailed procedures for field data collection, data analysis and visualisation, generation of reliable analytical model, model updating and prediction for structural operational condition are also recommended. GNSS applications ; Engineering ; Geodesy ; Construction engineering ; Global Positioning System ; Geology ; Telecommunications Material Properties and Applications ; Engineering Technology and Methodologies ; Industrial Engineering and Technologies
Authors: 李永生 Li Yongsheng | 郝贤伟 Hao Xianwei | 向澍 Xiang Shu | 时艺丹 Shi Yidan | 厉小润 Li Xiaorun
Source: Laser & Optoelectronics Progress (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

分波段Transformer特征提取在近红外光谱数据分类中的应用 针对近红外光谱维度高、受噪声扰动大，以及不同省份样本间光谱相似性高的特点，提出一种分波段Transformer特征提取网络，并将其应用于烟叶产地识别，以提高分类准确性。首先，根据近红外光谱的一维结构特点，设计了嵌入层，利用一维卷积实现特征的压缩。其次，通过滑动窗将数据按照波段维度分成3部分，并改进了Transformer结构进行光谱特征的提取，避免波段数过多导致计算效率低下。最后，为适应光谱数据的特点，设计了多层一维卷积的回归头，用于样本产地预测。为验证所提算法的有效性，以分类准确率、精确率、召回率等指标与其他算法进行性能比较，进行了多个对比实验，实验结果验证了模型中各个结构的优越性。该模型能够有效地利用光谱结构，实现特征提取和噪声压制，成功完成了烟叶产地识别任务。 Computer science Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Remote-Sensing Image Classification
Authors: Hiroyuki Tahara | Toshifumi Yasui
Source: EPJ Applied Metamaterials (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Design method for large-scale wide field-of-view monochromatic metalenses We propose a novel design method for wide field-of-view monochromatic metalenses. The proposed technique partitions the outer region of a metalens into supercells, which are generated by dividing the outer region into intervals along the radial direction, where the target phase changes by 2π, and along the angular direction with a constant angular periodicity. Therefore, the shape of each supercell can be approximated as a rectangle with its size comparable to a wavelength. The arrangement of pillars within this supercell is determined by metagrating optimization via the adjoint method. The optimization process considers both inter-pillar couplings and the range of incidence angles. This makes the design of large-scale wide field-of-view high-efficiency metalenses more tractable than the conventional unit-cell-based method, which is prone to efficiency decrease especially near the lens periphery. Furthermore, it has a potential advantage in terms of computational cost over other recently proposed optimization-based methods. Monochromatic color ; Scale (ratio) ; Field (mathematics) ; Optics ; Computer science ; Remote sensing ; Physics ; Geography ; Mathematics ; Quantum mechanics Optical Coatings and Gratings ; Photonic Crystals and Applications ; Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies
Authors: Özgür Neşe Özen | Fatih Akkoyun | Ahmet Görgüç | Fatih Mehmet Yılmaz
Source: Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi (article, 2024-06-03)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

MULTİSPEKTRAL VE HİPERSPEKTRAL GÖRÜNTÜLEME TEKNİKLERİNİN MEYVE - SEBZE İŞLEME TESİSLERİNDE KULLANIM OLANAKLARI Bu çalışmada ileri görüntüleme tekniklerinden olan multispektral görüntüleme ve hiperspektral görüntülemenin meyve ve sebze endüstrisinde kullanım olanakları derlenmiştir. Multispektral görüntüleme ve hiperspektral görüntüleme teknikleri; meyve sebzeleri sınıflandırma, olgunluğa göre sıralama, kusurlu ürün ayırma, kuraklık ölçümü yapma, hasat zamanını belirleme gibi birçok uygulamada teşhis ve müdahale amacıyla kullanılmaktadır. Deneysel çalışmalarda multispektral görüntülemenin görünür ve yakın dalga boylarında gıdaların sınıflandırılması amacıyla kullanıldığında yüksek oranda başarılı olduğu görülmüştür. Hiperspektral görüntülemede ise meyve ve sebzelerde renk, sıkılık, asitlik, şeker, antioksidan madde miktarı, toplam çözünür kuru madde miktarını belirlemek gibi spesifik durumların yanında olgunluk, fizyolojik bozukluk, mekanik hasar, duyusal kalite, biyolojik kusur gibi kalite parametrelerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla da kullanıldığı görülmüş ve yüksek oranlarda başarılar elde edilmiştir. Bu görüntüleme teknikleri diğer sınıflandırma yöntemlerine kıyasla hızlı sonuç veren, çevreye duyarlı, meyve ve sebzelerde tahribat yaratmayan yöntemlerdir. Molecular biology ; Chemistry ; Biology Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Authors: Maurício Berger | Wilson Engelmann
Source: Mundo Nano Revista Interdisciplinaria en Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (article, 2024-11-25)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Nanotecnología en agricultura: jurisdicciones epistémicas y desafíos regulatorios en Argentina y Brasil El objetivo del trabajo es relevar y analizar, a partir de la identificación de la aplicación de nanotecnologías en agricultura, aquellas tendencias o directrices de agencias reguladoras internacionales (EFSA, OCDE, EPA-FDA, ISO) para pensar futuros escenarios de actualización normativa y de la ciencia regulatoria en contextos nacionales, y teniendo en cuenta la protección de la salud humana, de los suelos y la biodiversidad frente al riesgo y/o a sus posibles efectos adversos. El trabajo presta atención a los contextos regulatorios en Argentina y Brasil, en tanto son países ocupando los lugares centrales en la producción y consumo de agrotóxicos, a nivel regional y mundial. Se observan también los desafíos regulatorios planteándose tanto a nivel ontológico como procedimental: a la par de discutir si se aplica un marco convencional para sustancias químicas ya conocidas, o un marco específico para las novedades nanotecnológicas; se debaten alternativas regulatorias y de gobernanza anticipatoria del riesgo. Ante la falta de una legislación sólida, se imponen los criterios científico-técnico-políticos de dichas agencias internacionales, los cuales serán conceptualizados en términos de jurisdicciones epistémicas, desde la literatura STS. Metodológicamente se ha procedido mediante relevamientos y análisis de fuentes documentales: legales, normas técnicas, guías o directivas para ensayo y gestión de nanomateriales, entre otros. Humanities ; Political science ; Geography ; Philosophy Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
Authors: Obeida Farhat | Mahmoud Khaled | Jalal Faraj | Farouk Hachem | Cathy Castelain
Source: Journal of Physics Conference Series (article, 2024-05-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Hybridization of heat recovery from exhaust gas of boilers using thermoelectric generators Abstract This study investigates the possibilities for energy recovery and environmental effect reduction of waste heat, a consequence of industrial activities. The main objective of the work is to integrate thermoelectric generators (TEGs) into industrial hybrid waste heat recovery system. The study consists of combining TEGs modules with a boiler waste heat recovery system with Rockwool insulation, taking into consideration variables like thermal resistance, power output, water temperature, and energy conversion efficiency. The results show that TEG placement has a major impact on system performance. One of the promising configuration is TEGs placed close to heat source, especially outside exhaust pipe outer walls, where electrical power up to 27 W can be generated and heat of 4215 W can be recovered from the exhaust gas. Thermoelectric generator ; Waste heat recovery unit ; Waste heat ; Recuperator ; Heat recovery ventilation ; Boiler (water heating) ; Exhaust gas ; Thermoelectric effect ; Environmental science ; Materials science ; Waste management ; Automotive engineering ; Energy recovery ; Thermal energy ; Process engineering ; Nuclear engineering ; Mechanical engineering ; Energy (signal processing) ; Engineering ; Thermodynamics ; Heat exchanger Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies ; Thermal properties of materials
Authors: Kuba ROSŁANIEC | Patryk Różyło
Source: Advances in Science and Technology – Research Journal (article, 2024-04-20)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

Stability of Thin-Walled Composite Structures with Closed Sections Under Compression The purpose of the research was to analyze the experimental-numerical influence of the type of cross-section on the stability of thin-walled composite columns with closed (rectangular) cross-sections. The subject of the investigation was thin-walled composite structures made of CFRP composite (carbon fiber reinforced polimer), characterized by a closed rectangular cross-section shape of the profile and a identical ply configuration. In this study, experimental and numerical investigations of axially compressed columns were performed to determine the values of buckling loads and buckling forms. Experimental investigations were performed using a universal testing machine with an optical deformation measurement system. In parallel with the experimental tests, numerical simulations were made using the FEM (Finite Element Method). The numerical studies conducted using dedicated numerical models and the experimental studies made it possible to carry out a thorough analysis of the impact of the cross-sectional shape on the buckling phenomenon of the structure. The novelty of the present paper is the use of interdisciplinary testing methods to compare the effect of cross-sectional geometry on the stability of thin-walled composite columns. Composite number ; Stability (learning theory) ; Compression (physics) ; Composite material ; Materials science ; Structural engineering ; Computer science ; Engineering Material Properties and Applications ; Advanced Theoretical and Applied Studies in Material Sciences and Geometry ; Structural mechanics and materials
Authors: Tung X. Trinh | Rebecca Freitag | Konrad Krawczyk | Veit Schwämmle
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2024-02-14)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Data mining antibody sequences for database searching in bottom-up proteomics Abstract Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics allows identifying and quantifying thousands of proteins but suffers from challenges when measuring human antibodies due to their vast variety. The mainly used bottom-up proteomics approaches rely on database searches that compare experimental values of peptides and their fragments to theoretical values derived from protein sequences in a database. While the human body can produce millions of distinct antibodies, the current databases for human antibodies such as UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot are limited to only 1095 sequences (as of 2024 Jan). This limitation may hinder the identification of new antibodies using mass spectrometry. Therefore, extending the database for mass spectrometry is an important task for discovering new antibodies. Recent genomic studies have compiled millions of human antibody sequences publicly accessible through the Observed Antibody Space (OAS) database. However, this data has yet to be exploited to confirm the presence of these antibodies. In this study, we adopted this extensive collection of antibody sequences for conducting efficient database searches in publicly available proteomics data with a focus on the SARS-CoV-2 disease. Thirty million heavy antibody sequences from 146 SARS-CoV-2 patients in the OAS database were digested in silico to obtain 18 million unique peptides. These peptides were then used to create new databases for bottom-up proteomics. We used those databases for searching new antibody peptides in publicly available SARS-CoV-2 human plasma samples in the Proteomics Identification Database (PRIDE). This approach avoids false positives in antibody peptide identification as confirmed by searching against negative controls (brain samples) and employing different database sizes. We show that the found sequences provide valuable information to distinguish diseased from healthy and expect that the newly discovered antibody peptides can be further employed to develop therapeutic antibodies. The method will be broadly applicable to find characteristic antibodies for other diseases. Computer science ; Database ; Data mining Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research ; Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
Authors: Qingchao Li | Mohammed El‐Hajjar | Chao Xu | Jiancheng An | Chau Yuen | Lajos Hanzo
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-05-16)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Stacked Intelligent Metasurfaces for Holographic MIMO Aided Cell-Free Networks Large-scale multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems are capable of achieving high date rate. However, given the high hardware cost and excessive power consumption of massive MIMO systems, as a remedy, intelligent metasurfaces have been designed for efficient holographic MIMO (HMIMO) systems. In this paper, we propose a HMIMO architecture based on stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIM) for the uplink of cell-free systems, where the SIM is employed at the access points (APs) for improving the spectral- and energy-efficiency. Specifically, we conceive distributed beamforming for SIM-assisted cell-free networks, where both the SIM coefficients and the local receiver combiner vectors of each AP are optimized based on the local channel state information (CSI) for the local detection of each user equipment (UE) information. Afterward, the central processing unit (CPU) fuses the local detections gleaned from all APs to detect the aggregate multi-user signal. Specifically, to design the SIM coefficients and the combining vectors of the APs, a low-complexity layer-by-layer iterative optimization algorithm is proposed for maximizing the equivalent gain of the channel spanning from the UEs to the APs. At the CPU, the weight vector used for combining the local detections from all APs is designed based on the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion, where the hardware impairments (HWIs) are also taken into consideration based on their statistics. The simulation results show that the SIM-based HMIMO outperforms the conventional single-layer HMIMO in terms of the achievable rate. We demonstrate that both the HWI of the radio frequency (RF) chains at the APs and the UEs limit the achievable rate in the high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) region. Holography ; MIMO ; Computer science ; Physics ; Optics ; Telecommunications ; Beamforming Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Antenna Design and Analysis ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies
Authors: Eugenie Geraldine Ngah Abena | Donatien Njomo | Daniel Roméo Kamta Legue
Source: International Journal of Heat and Technology (article, 2024-06-27)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Analyzing PVT Properties of Crude Oil in Horizontal Offshore Well: An Experimental Study This study aims to analyse the influence of cementing and thermal insulation on the pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) behaviour of crude oil during production.The idea is to identify the key parameters that have an impact on the PVT behaviour and to develop a model that accurately predicts the PVT behaviour of crude oil in offshore horizontal wells.The methods used will include numerical simulations and analysis of field data from well EKM-032 in the RIO DEL REY region of Cameroon.The results, taking into account the various intrinsic parameters, will provide a complete understanding of the PVT behaviour of crude oil in offshore horizontal wells and the development of a predictive model that can be used to optimise crude oil production. Petroleum engineering ; Submarine pipeline ; Crude oil ; Environmental science ; Geology ; Marine engineering ; Engineering ; Geotechnical engineering Petroleum Processing and Analysis