jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Julia P. Schessner | Vincent Albrecht | Alexandra K. Davies | Pavel Sinitcyn | Georg H. H. Borner
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2023-08-29)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Deep and fast label-free Dynamic Organellar Mapping The Dynamic Organellar Maps (DOMs) approach combines cell fractionation and shotgun-proteomics for global profiling analysis of protein subcellular localization. Here, we enhance the performance of DOMs through data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry. DIA-DOMs achieve twice the depth of our previous workflow in the same mass spectrometry runtime, and substantially improve profiling precision and reproducibility. We leverage this gain to establish flexible map formats scaling from high-throughput analyses to extra-deep coverage. Furthermore, we introduce DOM-ABC, a powerful and user-friendly open-source software tool for analyzing profiling data. We apply DIA-DOMs to capture subcellular localization changes in response to starvation and disruption of lysosomal pH in HeLa cells, which identifies a subset of Golgi proteins that cycle through endosomes. An imaging time-course reveals different cycling patterns and confirms the quantitative predictive power of our translocation analysis. DIA-DOMs offer a superior workflow for label-free spatial proteomics as a systematic phenotype discovery tool. Computer science ; Workflow ; Profiling (computer programming) ; Computational biology ; Proteomics ; Golgi apparatus ; Proteome ; Bioinformatics ; Chemistry ; Biology ; Cell Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Cellular transport and secretion
Authors: Bahareh Amini | Zahra Atlasbaf
Source: Optical and Quantum Electronics (article, 2023-03-25)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Design and analysis of high-sensitivity tunable graphene sensors for cancer detection Graphene ; Metamaterial ; Narrowband ; Impedance matching ; Transmission line ; Materials science ; Terahertz radiation ; Optoelectronics ; Computer science ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Equivalent circuit ; Electrical impedance ; Acoustics ; Physics ; Telecommunications ; Nanotechnology ; Electrical engineering ; Engineering Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Photonic Crystals and Applications
Authors: Wojciech Sikorski | Artur Wielewski
Source: Sensors (article, 2023-03-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Low-Cost Online Partial Discharge Monitoring System for Power Transformers The article presents in detail the construction of a low-cost, portable online PD monitoring system based on the acoustic emission (AE) technique. A highly sensitive piezoelectric transducer was used as the PD detector, whose frequency response characteristics were optimized to the frequency of AE waves generated by discharges in oil-paper insulation. The popular and inexpensive Teensy 3.2 development board featuring a 32-bit MK20DX256 microcontroller with the ARM Cortex-M4 core was used to count the AE pulses. The advantage of the system is its small dimensions and weight, easy and quick installation on the transformer tank, storage of measurement data on a memory card, battery power supply, and immediate readiness for operation without the need to configure. This system may contribute to promoting the idea of short-term (several days or weeks) PD monitoring, especially in developing countries where, with the dynamically growing demand for electricity, the need for inexpensive transformer diagnostics systems is also increasing. Another area of application is medium-power transformers (up to 100 MVA), where temporary PD monitoring using complex measurement systems requiring additional infrastructure (e.g., control cabinet, cable ducts for power supply, and data transmission) and qualified staff is economically unjustified. Microcontroller ; Transformer ; Electrical engineering ; Electricity ; Partial discharge ; Engineering ; Transducer ; Mains electricity ; Electric power system ; Automotive engineering ; Embedded system ; Computer science ; Computer hardware ; Voltage ; Power (physics) High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation ; Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography
Authors: Carlos Hernández | Flavio Prieto | Lluı́s Palou | Sergio Cubero | J. Blasco | Nuria Aleixos
Source: Journal of Food Measurement & Characterization (article, 2023-10-17)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

New model for the automatic detection of anthracnose in mango fruits based on Vis/NIR hyperspectral imaging and discriminant analysis Abstract Anthracnose is one of the most relevant diseases of mango crops in producing regions, affecting 60% of production. Currently, its detection is carried out in late stages by human visual inspection. Hyperspectral imaging systems allow the development of non-destructive solutions to inspect and detect internal damage. This work aimed to develop a system for detecting anthracnose in mango fruits using Vis–NIR hyperspectral imaging and discriminant analysis. The usefulness of three-dimensionality reduction methods to minimise redundancy in the spectral data and to obtain a compact number of wavelengths that effectively allow the detection of anthracnose symptoms in mango fruits is also explored. As a result, a classification model based on discriminant analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient was obtained, showing the potential of hyperspectral data to robustly allow the detection of anthracnose symptoms with full or reduced spectra. The findings reported in this study can serve as the basis for developing an anthracnose detection system in mango fruits with multispectral cameras. Hyperspectral imaging ; Multispectral image ; Linear discriminant analysis ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Principal component analysis ; Discriminant ; Dimensionality reduction ; Artificial intelligence ; Redundancy (engineering) ; Correlation coefficient ; Mathematics ; Computer science ; Remote sensing ; Statistics ; Geography Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Smart Agriculture and AI ; Date Palm Research Studies
Authors: Mahdi Norouzi | Saughar Jarchi | Mohsen Ghaffari‐Miab | Meisam Esfandiari | Ali Lalbakhsh | Sławomir Kozieł | Sam Reisenfeld | Gholamhosein Moloudian
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2023-01-19)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

3D metamaterial ultra-wideband absorber for curved surface This paper proposes a three-dimensional metamaterial absorber based on a resistive film patch array to develop a low-cost, lightweight absorber for curved surfaces. An excellent absorption over a large frequency band is achieved through two different yet controllable mechanisms; in the first mechanism, a considerable attenuation in the wave power is achieved via graphite resistive films. The absorption is then intensified through magnetic dipoles created by the surface currents, leading to absorption peaks. The simulation results of the absorber show that a broadband absorption greater than 85% is achieved over 35-400 GHz for both TE and TM polarization waves at normal incidence. The structure has more than 167% and 80% absorption bandwidth above 85% and 90%, respectively. It is shown that the proposed metamaterial absorber is independent of incident wave polarization. In addition, the structure is insensitive to incident angles up to 60° for TE mode and full range angle 90° for TM mode. To describe the physical mechanism of the absorber, E-field, power loss density and surface current distributions on the structure are calculated and shown. Moreover, the oblique incidence absorption efficiency is also explained. This absorber paves the way for practical applications, such as sensing, imaging and stealth technology. In addition, the proposed structure can be extended to terahertz, infrared and optical regions. Metamaterial absorber ; Resistive touchscreen ; Materials science ; Metamaterial ; Optics ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Wideband ; Terahertz radiation ; Broadband ; Optoelectronics ; Bandwidth (computing) ; Attenuation ; Dipole ; Tunable metamaterials ; Physics ; Telecommunications Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Antenna Design and Analysis
Authors: Ziqin Zhang | Kexin Wang | Sooyeon Park | Anna Li | Yuguo Li | Robert G. Weiss | Jiadi Xu
Source: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (article, 2023-04-10)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

The exchange rate of creatine <scp>CEST</scp> in mouse brain The in vivo CrCEST exchange rate is slow, and the acquisition parameters for the CrCEST should be adjusted accordingly. CrCEST is the major contribution to the opposite pH-dependence of GuanCEST signal under different conditions of B<sub>1</sub> in the brain. Phosphocreatine ; Chemistry ; Creatine ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Molecular biology ; Biochemistry ; Endocrinology ; Biology ; Energy metabolism Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes ; Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications ; Electron Spin Resonance Studies
Authors: Honorine Lardeux | Szabolcs Fekete | Matthew Lauber | Valentina D’Atri | Davy Guillarme
Source: Analytical Chemistry (article, 2023-06-29)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

High-Throughput Chromatographic Separation of Oligonucleotides: A Proof of Concept Using Ultra-Short Columns Ion-pairing reversed-phase liquid chromatography (IP-RPLC) is the reference separation technique for characterizing oligonucleotides (ONs) and their related impurities. The aim of this study was to better understand the retention mechanism of ONs, evaluate the applicability of the linear solvent strength (LSS) retention model, and explore the potential of ultra-short columns having a length of only 5 mm for the separation of model ONs. First, the validity of the LSS model was evaluated for ONs having sizes comprised between 3 and 30 kDa, and the accuracy of retention time predictions was assessed. It was found that ONs in IP-RPLC conditions follow an "on-off" elution behavior, despite a molecular weight lower than that of proteins. For most linear gradient separation conditions, a column length between 5 and 35 mm was found to be appropriate. Ultra-short columns of only 5 mm were therefore explored to speed up separations by considering the impact of the instrumentation on the efficiency. Interestingly, the impacts of injection volume and post-column connection tubing on peak capacity were found to be negligible. Finally, it was demonstrated that longer columns would not improve selectivity or separation efficiency, but baseline separation of three model ONs mixtures was enabled in as little as 30 s on the 5 mm column. This proof-of-concept work paves the way for future investigations using more complex therapeutic ONs and their related impurities. Chemistry ; Chromatography ; Impurity ; Elution ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Chromatographic separation ; Instrumentation (computer programming) ; Oligonucleotide ; Volume (thermodynamics) ; Selectivity ; High-performance liquid chromatography ; Thermodynamics Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications ; Protein purification and stability
Authors: Tong Chen | Chaotan Sima | Muqi Chen | Xiaohang Zhang | Tailin Li | Yan Ai | Ping Lu
Source: Sensors (article, 2023-05-27)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Laser Linewidth Analysis and Filtering/Fitting Algorithms for Improved TDLAS-Based Optical Gas Sensor Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) has been widely applied in in situ and real-time monitoring of trace gas concentrations. In this paper, an advanced TDLAS-based optical gas sensing system with laser linewidth analysis and filtering/fitting algorithms is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The linewidth of the laser pulse spectrum is innovatively considered and analyzed in the harmonic detection of the TDLAS model. The adaptive Variational Mode Decomposition-Savitzky Golay (VMD-SG) filtering algorithm is developed to process the raw data and could significantly eliminate the background noise variance by about 31% and signal jitters by about 12.5%. Furthermore, the Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network is also incorporated and applied to improve the fitting accuracy of the gas sensor. Compared with traditional linear fitting or least squares method (LSM), the RBF neural network brings along the enhanced fitting accuracy within a large dynamic range, achieving an absolute error of below 50 ppmv (about 0.6%) for the maximum 8000 ppmv methane. The proposed technique in this paper is universal and compatible with TDLAS-based gas sensors without hardware modification, allowing direct improvement and optimization for current optical gas sensors. Laser linewidth ; Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy ; Algorithm ; Laser ; Noise (video) ; Tunable laser ; Computer science ; Optics ; Physics ; Artificial intelligence Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies ; Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
Authors: Svitlana Rozanova | Julian Uszkoreit | Karin Schork | Bettina Serschnitzki | Martin Eisenacher | Lars Tönges | Katalin Barkovits | Katrin Marcus
Source: Biomolecules (article, 2023-03-07)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Quality Control—A Stepchild in Quantitative Proteomics: A Case Study for the Human CSF Proteome Proteomic studies using mass spectrometry (MS)-based quantification are a main approach to the discovery of new biomarkers. However, a number of analytical conditions in front and during MS data acquisition can affect the accuracy of the obtained outcome. Therefore, comprehensive quality assessment of the acquired data plays a central role in quantitative proteomics, though, due to the immense complexity of MS data, it is often neglected. Here, we address practically the quality assessment of quantitative MS data, describing key steps for the evaluation, including the levels of raw data, identification and quantification. With this, four independent datasets from cerebrospinal fluid, an important biofluid for neurodegenerative disease biomarker studies, were assessed, demonstrating that sample processing-based differences are already reflected at all three levels but with varying impacts on the quality of the quantitative data. Specifically, we provide guidance to critically interpret the quality of MS data for quantitative proteomics. Moreover, we provide the free and open source quality control tool <i>MaCProQC</i>, enabling systematic, rapid and uncomplicated data comparison of raw data, identification and feature detection levels through defined quality metrics and a step-by-step quality control workflow. Proteomics ; Quantitative proteomics ; Data quality ; Workflow ; Proteome ; Computer science ; Biomarker discovery ; Identification (biology) ; Quality (philosophy) ; Raw data ; Data mining ; Bioinformatics ; Biology ; Engineering ; Database ; Metric (unit) Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
Authors: Yo Han Kim | Hyeongwon Jeong | Bo‐Ram Won | Jae‐ha Myung
Source: Advanced Materials (article, 2023-01-24)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Exsolution Modeling and Control to Improve the Catalytic Activity of Nanostructured Electrodes In situ exsolution for nanoscale electrode design has attracted considerable attention because of its promising activity and high stability. However, fundamental research on the mechanisms underlying particle growth remains insufficient. Herein, cation-diffusion-determined exsolution is presented using an analytical model based on classical nucleation and diffusion. In the designed perovskite system, the exsolution trend for particle growth is consistent with this diffusion model, which strongly depends on the initial cation concentration and reduction conditions. Based on the experimental and theoretical results, a highly Ni-doped anode and an electrochemical switching technique are employed to promote exsolution and overcome growth limitations. The optimal cell exhibits an outstanding maximum power density of 1.7 W cm<sup>-2</sup> at 900 °C and shows no evident degradation when operating at 800 °C for 240 h under wet H<sub>2</sub> . This study provides crucial insights into the developing and tuning of heterogeneous catalysts for energy-conversion applications. Materials science ; Nucleation ; Diffusion ; Anode ; Perovskite (structure) ; Electrode ; Electrochemistry ; Nanoscopic scale ; Nanotechnology ; Particle (ecology) ; Chemical physics ; Nanoparticle ; Catalysis ; Chemical engineering ; Thermodynamics ; Physical chemistry Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ; Advanced battery technologies research ; Perovskite Materials and Applications
Authors: Menglan Zhao | Yu Wang | Hui Zhao | Zihan Zhang | Juntong Su | Xu Ma | Fanping Kong | Yuan Xie | Zequn Ma | Qian Zhang | Zilin Meng
Source: Separation and Purification Technology (article, 2023-08-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Effective adsorption of heavy metals on layered double hydroxides modify through dithiocarbamate prepared by CS2 and different molecular weight of polyethyleneimine Adsorption ; Chemistry ; Layered double hydroxides ; Leaching (pedology) ; Metal ions in aqueous solution ; Inorganic chemistry ; Metal ; Dithiocarbamate ; Langmuir adsorption model ; Zinc ; Nuclear chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Soil water Layered Double Hydroxides Synthesis and Applications ; Phosphorus and nutrient management ; Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
Authors: Pascaline Sanga | Juanjuan Wang | Xin Li | Jia Chen | Hongdeng Qiu
Source: Molecules (article, 2023-02-05)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Effective Removal of Sulfonamides Using Recyclable MXene-Decorated Bismuth Ferrite Nanocomposites Prepared via Hydrothermal Method Developing a simple and efficient method for removing organic micropollutants from aqueous systems is crucial. The present study describes the preparation and application, for the first time, of novel MXene-decorated bismuth ferrite nanocomposites (BiFeO<sub>3</sub>/MXene) for the removal of six sulfonamides including sulfadiazine (SDZ), sulfathiazole (STZ), sulfamerazine (SMZ), sulfamethazine (SMTZ), sulfamethoxazole (SMXZ) and sulfisoxazole (SXZ). The properties of BiFeO<sub>3</sub>/MXene are enhanced by the presence of BiFeO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles, which provide a large surface area to facilitate the removal of sulfonamides. More importantly, BiFeO<sub>3</sub>/MXene composites demonstrated remarkable sulfonamide adsorption capabilities compared to pristine MXene, which is due to the synergistic effect between BiFeO<sub>3</sub> and MXene. The kinetics and isotherm models of sulfonamide adsorption on BiFeO<sub>3</sub>/MXene are consistent with a pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir model. BiFeO<sub>3</sub>/MXene had appreciable reusability after five adsorption-desorption cycles. Furthermore, BiFeO<sub>3</sub>/MXene is stable and retains its original properties upon desorption. The present work provides an effective method for eliminating sulfonamides from water by exploiting the excellent texture properties of BiFeO<sub>3</sub>/MXene. Sulfamerazine ; Nanocomposite ; Adsorption ; Langmuir adsorption model ; Chemical engineering ; Desorption ; Materials science ; Aqueous solution ; Bismuth ; Nanoparticle ; Kinetics ; Chemistry ; Inorganic chemistry ; Sulfadiazine ; Nanotechnology ; Organic chemistry ; Metallurgy Nanomaterials for catalytic reactions ; MXene and MAX Phase Materials ; Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
Authors: Archana Rana | Anjali Kumari | Amit Chaudhary | Ritu Srivastava | Deeba Kamil | Parth Vashishtha | Shailesh Narain Sharma
Source: Physchem (article, 2023-02-15)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

An Investigation of Antimicrobial Activity for Plant Pathogens by Green-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Azadirachta indica and Mangifera indica Photo-microbes are well known to demolish rice and fruits, as farmers use chemical pesticides to overcome agricultural problems and economic damage. The use of pesticides in agriculture fails to protect crops in lower concentrations and increases the intake of chemicals that cause many human ailments. The sophisticated nanotechnology approach used in agriculture for antimicrobial activities offers several advantages for growth and improves nutrient absorption in plants. We report the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Azadirachta indica (A. indica) and Mangifera indica (M. indica) tree leaf extract that contains antioxidants to treat numerous diseases. AgNPs tested against three plant pathogens, fungi Alternaria alternata (A. alternata), Sclerotium rolfsii (A. rolfsii), and bacteria Xanthomonas oryzae (X. oryzae), which leads to agricultural problems. The experiment was performed with different concentrations of AgNPs in μL/mL prepared using two other plants extract against fungi and bacteria during summer. The results expose the importance of plant extract in synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and their efficacy for microbes. A comparison among different concentrations of AgNPs (4 μL/mL, 6 μL/mL, and 10 μL/mL) was performed for two fungi (tomato disease) and bacteria (rice leaf blight disease). A-AgNPs (A. indica-AgNPs) demonstrate a greater zone of inhibition than M-AgNPs (M. indica-AgNPs), further highlighting the dependence of plants. Under in vitro conditions, the results of the antifungal activity showed zones of inhibition of 21 mm against A. alternata and 17 mm against A. rolfsii, while antibacterial activity against X. oryzae bacteria showed a 15 mm zone of inhibition at 10 mg/mL for A-AgNPs, and less for M-AgNPs. For AgNPs, the antifungal activity was characterized bya more significant area of inhibition than antibacterial activity was. The current study indicates that AgNPs with lower concentrations exhibitsuperior toxicity to microbes and may be able to manage diseases in rice and tomato, and increase plant growth. Azadirachta ; Mangifera ; Alternaria alternata ; Silver nanoparticle ; Antimicrobial ; Horticulture ; Blight ; Sclerotium ; Pesticide ; Biology ; Chemistry ; Botany ; Agronomy ; Microbiology ; Nanoparticle Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity