jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Ameh Ojochide Monday | Chahul Faith Habibat | Wuana Raymond Ahulle
Source: Journal of Basics and Applied Sciences Research (article, 2025-10-20)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Anti-corrosion properties of Piliostigma Thonningi leave extract-transition metal nano particle composites on mild steel in 1.0m hydrochloric acid solution Ethanolic extract of Piliostigma thonningii was employed to synthesise silver and titanium nanoparticle composites. The particle sizes of the AgNPs and TiNPs were analysed and characterized via ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray and X-ray Diffraction. The result from the ultraviolet-spectroscopy showed a maximum absorption around (400-470 nm) for the AgNPs compared to TiNPs (270-350nm). The Fourier transformed infrared spectra showed maximum. Prominent peaks corresponded to C=C, N-H, O-H and C=O functionalities, these groups facilitated strong adsorption onto the mild steel surface through hydrogen bonding, metal-ligand coordination, and π-electron interactions, leading to the formation of a protective film with effective inhibition. The Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis showed a progressive improvement in the surface morphology from the blank, PTE, PTE-AgNPs, and PTE-TiNPs samples. The PTE-nanoparticles composites, especially PTE-AgNPs, provided superior surface protection, confirming their effectiveness as corrosion inhibitors in 1.0 M solution. The X-ray Diffraction showed that the nanoparticles were around 38.62nm to 70.59nm in size, as derived from the Debye Scherrer equation d- . The anticorrosion properties of the NPs for mild steel in 1.0 M HCl at 303-333K were studied using weight loss and electrochemical measurements. Both AgNPs and TiNPs were found to exhibit anti-corrosive properties against the dissolution of the steel coupons in the acidic electrolyte, with corrosion inhibitive effects found to be concentration and temperature dependent. The synthesized AgNPs displayed a higher inhibition efficiency (95.1%) at an optimum concentration of 0.10g/L compared with TiNPs (91.2%) and the plant extract (87.7 %). Potentiodynamic polarization results showed that the understudied nanoparticles behaved as mixed-type inhibitors, inhibiting the anodic dissolution of the mild steel and cathodic evolution of hydrogen gas. The plant-derived NPs adsorbed on the surface of mild steel via a physical adsorption mechanism as predicted by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Hydrochloric acid ; Scanning electron microscope ; Adsorption ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Nanoparticle ; Corrosion ; Metal ; Particle size ; Dissolution Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition ; Electrodeposition and Electroless Coatings ; Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals
Authors: Ratna Kartikasari | Sugiarto Kadiman | Rivan Muhfidin | Ihwanul Aziz
Source: Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies (article, 2025-10-30)
Field: Materials Science — Metals and Alloys

Optimization of Fe-Cr-Mn alloy composition as implant material for mechanical properties and corrosion resistance The object of this study is Fe-Cr-Mn stainless steel alloys containing 0.23–0.41 wt.% C and 17.59–18.36 wt.% Cr with varying Mn content. The development of nickel-free stainless steels addresses the drawbacks of conventional implant materials such as titanium alloys, Co-Cr alloys, and AISI 316L stainless steel, which often suffer from biocompatibility issues, toxicity, and mechanical incompatibility with bone. The Fe-Cr-Mn alloys were produced by high-frequency induction melting and subsequently tested for microstructure, mechanical, wear, and corrosion properties. SEM-EDS revealed a transition from ferritic structure (2.5% Mn) to duplex α+γ (5% Mn) and predominantly austenitic structure (7.5% Mn). Mechanical testing showed that hardness and tensile strength peaked at 2.5% Mn, while ductility and impact toughness improved with increasing Mn, reaching their highest values at 5% Mn. Wear resistance increased significantly at higher Mn levels due to the formation of stable tribo-oxides and the strengthening effect of the austenitic matrix. Electrochemical testing in 0.9% NaCl solution showed that Fe-18Cr-5Mn possessed the best corrosion resistance, attributed to the stability of its passive film, while excessive Mn (7.5%) caused passivation breakdown through Mn-hydroxide formation. Overall, Fe-18Cr-5Mn exhibited the best synergy between strength, toughness, wear resistance, and corrosion protection under physiological saline conditions, establishing it as a promising nickel-free stainless steel for next-generation biomedical implant materials Corrosion ; Biocompatibility ; Toughness ; Austenite ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Passivation ; Ductility (Earth science) ; Alloy Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals ; Titanium Alloys Microstructure and Properties ; Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty
Authors: Xiucui Bao | Xiao-ye Sun | Houfa Geng | Xiaohua Yuan
Source: Frontiers in Medicine (article, 2025-11-07)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Influence of different urine preservation methods and addition of preservatives on quantitative detection of 24-h urinary protein Storing 24-h urine protein specimens at room temperature without using preservatives is a safe, simple, and feasible method. This method is suitable for wide application in clinical practice. Preservative ; Urine ; Urinary system ; Protein detection ; Quantitative analysis (chemistry) Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications ; Urinary Tract Infections Management
Authors: Edgar A. Mendoza | Talía Tene | Jorge Albuja-Sánchez | Guisella Cuenca | John Ramón | David Anzules | Cristian Vacacela Gómez | Yolenny Cruz Salazar | Lorenzo S. Caputi | Salvatore Straface
Source: Frontiers in Chemistry (article, 2025-10-17)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Effect of graphene oxide dosage on the thermal and rheological behavior of asphalt for tropical road conditions This study investigates graphene oxide (GO) as a low-percent modifier for AC-30 asphalt used in tropical conditions. GO was added at 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 wt% and tested through standard binder tests and RTFO short-term aging. Unaged binders with GO showed increased viscosity and hardness-viscosity rose by up to approximately 26%, penetration decreased by about 8%-13%, and the softening point rose slightly-indicating a stiffer initial matrix. During mixing at 135 °C-165 °C, both rotational and kinematic viscosities increased, with the highest gains near 0.4 wt%, suggesting a non-linear response to dosage. Under RTFO aging, GO-modified binders exhibited a higher viscosity aging index than the unmodified AC-30, indicating that GO enhances initial stiffness and does not compromise short-term oxidative hardening. Flash and fire points did not show systematic reductions at these dosages. Overall, sub-percent GO improves high-temperature rheology relevant for hot-climate pavements, but there is a trade-off between better early rutting resistance and potential stiffening with aging. Future research will include PAV/DSR testing and analysis of dispersion better to understand long-term behavior and processing at the plant level. Rheology ; Asphalt ; Softening point ; Graphene ; Rut ; Viscosity ; Oxide ; Penetration (warfare) Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties ; Asphalt Pavement Performance Evaluation ; Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Stevan Armaković | Sanja Armaković
Source: AIDASCO Reviews (article, 2025-12-29)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Synopsys Acquires Ansys: Implications for Engineering Simulation and Atomistic Modeling The completion of Synopsys’s acquisition of Ansys in 2025 represents one of the most significant developments in the area of engineering simulation and design software. Beyond its industrial and financial dimensions, this merger signals a deeper integration of atomistic, device-level, and system-level modeling approaches. In this article, the broader implications of the Synopsys-Ansys union are discussed with a particular focus on atomistic modeling and first-principles simulations. The analysis is placed in a historical context by revisiting Synopsys’s earlier acquisition of QuantumWise and the subsequent development of QuantumATK as a bridge between quantum-mechanical materials modeling and semiconductor technology design. The article discusses how the growing integration of electronic design automation, multiphysics simulation, and atomistic modeling represents a fundamental shift in modern engineering practice. As these approaches increasingly merge, traditional disciplinary boundaries between physics, chemistry, materials science, and engineering become less distinct, and atomistic simulations emerge as a key element of industrial research, technology development, and interdisciplinary workflows. Multiphysics ; Bridge (graph theory) ; Context (archaeology) ; Modeling and simulation ; Key (lock) ; Focus (optics) Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata ; Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
Authors: Raliat Abimbola Aladodo | Abdulhakeem Olarewaju Sulyman | Mutiu A. Alabi | Rasheed Bolaji Ibrahim | Juwon Samuel Afolayan | Ibrahim Ibrahim | Fausat Jimoh | Yusuf A. Iyanda | Saheed Sabiu | Chidolue Kingsley
Source: Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (article, 2025-05-30)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Effect of chitosan-silver nanoparticle composite-treated water on selected biochemical parameters of rats Purpose: To investigate the impact of chitosan-silver nanoparticles (chitosan-AgNP) composite-treated water on some biochemical parameters in the albino rats. Methods: Water samples were pretreated with chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles (chitosan-AgNPs) prior to oral administration in a rodent model. Following a 28-day experimental period, serum biochemical markers associated with hepatic and renal functions and enzymatic activities were quantitatively assessed to evaluate potential physiological and metabolic alterations. Results: Biochemical analysis revealed significant alterations in liver and kidney function markers in rats exposed to contaminated water. Liver alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and γ-glytamyl transferase (GGT) activities were significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.05), while serum ALP, AST and GGT levels were significantly elevated (p &lt; 0.05) in the contaminated water group compared to control. Serum urea and creatinine levels were significantly higher in rats exposed to contaminated water (90 ± 0.08 mg/dL and 21.73 ± 4.03 mg/dL, respectively) compared to the control group (43 ± 0.13 mg/dL and 16.37 ± 1.97 mg/dL, respectively; p &lt; 0.05). Conversely, administration of chitosan-AgNP-treated water significantly reduced these elevations, bringing the values closer to control levels. Bacteriological analysis showed a drastic reduction in total coliform and fecal counts from 1.44 × 10⁷ CFU/mL and 7.2 × 10⁶ CFU/mL, respectively, to 0 CFU/mL after 27 days of chitosan-AgNP treatment. Conclusion: The findings suggest that chitosan-AgNP treatment significantly reduces bacterial load in water and positively affects selected biochemical parameters of albino rats, indicating its potential as a water treatment option. Alkaline phosphatase ; Urea ; Creatinine ; Kidney ; Serum urea ; Enzyme ; Hepatic function ; Renal function ; Acid phosphatase Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection
Authors: R. Kayiwa | Amanda Tumusiime | Moses Kigozi | Hillary Kasedde | Francis Mujjuni | Moureen Nakyanzi | John Baptist Kirabira
Source: Journal of Materials Science Materials in Engineering (article, 2025-12-23)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Advancing the reutilization of spent activated carbon for sculptural media: composites formulation and characterization The disposal of spent activated carbon (SAC) remains a major environmental challenge worldwide, particularly in tropical regions where coconut husks serve as the primary precursor for activated carbon production. Conventional disposal methods, such as landfilling and incineration, raise ecological and health concerns due to the leaching of adsorbed contaminants and the release of greenhouse gases. This study investigates the potential of SAC as a sustainable additive in sculpturing composites. SAC was incorporated into epoxy, acrylic gel, Portland cement, and clay matrices at varying loadings (10–40 wt%). The composites were characterized for workability, durability, mechanical strength, bulk density, chemical stability, and aesthetic properties. Epoxy-SAC composites demonstrated superior strength (compressive 68 MPa; flexural 21 MPa), durability (< 2% weight loss in wet–dry cycles), and chemical stability, making them suitable for indoor and outdoor sculptures. Cementitious–SAC composites exhibited moderate strength (35 MPa) and durability (4% weight loss), making them ideal for outdoor applications. Acrylic-SAC composites provided excellent matte-black aesthetics for indoor art, while clay-SAC composites exhibited limited durability and low strength. The study confirms SAC’s feasibility as a value-added material for sculpting applications, contributing to circular economy principles and environmental sustainability. Durability ; Activated carbon ; Flexural strength ; Leaching (pedology) ; Carbon fibers ; Greenhouse gas ; Reinforced carbon–carbon Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Concrete and Cement Materials Research ; Fiber-reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Tanita Behrendt | Elisabeth Eppinger
Source: Sustainability (article, 2025-11-11)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Circularity for Sustainable Textiles: Aligning Fiber Compositions of T-Shirts with Ecodesign and Recyclability The sustainability transition of the textile industry requires amongst other strategies circular approaches. Ecodesign guidelines and design for recycling are approaches that reduce resource consumption and textile waste. Garments are made of a large variety of different materials, from blended fibers to haberdashery items, colorants, and finishings, making it challenging to predict the composition of post-consumer textile waste. This mix of materials complicates recycling efforts, contributing to globally less than 1% of fiber-to-fiber recycling. This study investigates material compositions of one of the most popular and widespread garments: T-shirts. While about half of our sample contains cotton only, the other items contain two or more fibers, revealing huge variations in fiber blends, including varying degrees of elastane contents, which are not linked to functional requirements. These blends, especially the varying levels of elastane, increase costs and efforts for recycling, making fiber-to-fiber recycling less attractive and more expensive than new fiber production. They also contribute to avoidable microfiber pollution. Accordingly, this study underlines the requirements for providing detailed ecodesign guidelines and applying the extended producer responsibility to incorporate environmental lifecycle costs, to help shift the industry towards a circular economy. Ecodesign ; Textile ; Sustainability ; Clothing ; Circular economy ; Fiber ; Textile industry ; Resource consumption ; Microfiber Textile materials and evaluations ; Dyeing and Modifying Textile Fibers ; Sustainable Design and Development
Authors: Lukas Meier | Asif I. Bhatti | Leo Kestens | Stefaan Cottenier
Source: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy (article, 2025-12-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Crystallographic control of hydrogen ingress in bcc-iron: Insights from ab initio simulations Hydrogen uptake into body-centered cubic (bcc) iron as a root cause for subsequent hydrogen embrittlement, is initiated at the surface. In this paper, we quantify how readily H diffuses from the surface into the bulk. We consider a set of 10 different Fe surfaces and treat H-permeation as a two-step process. First, density-functional calculations determine the adsorption energy of an isolated H atom at every crystallographically distinct surface site. Second, for each adsorption site we map the minimum-energy pathway between the surface and the lattice. Across all orientations studied, a clear trend emerges: sites that bind hydrogen most weakly are the starting point of the lowest-barrier diffusion channels into the metal interior. Thus, the least-favorable adsorption pockets act as “gateways” for subsurface penetration. This insight provides a practical design rule: minimizing exposure of such high-energy adsorption motifs should make bcc-iron components less susceptible to hydrogen uptake and the associated embrittlement. • Weak surface adsorption sites correspond to easy channels for H uptake. • Linear relationship between H diffusion barrier and local adsorption energy. • Weakening of adsorption energy near (110)-vicinal step explicable by d-band theory. • (100)-like surfaces exhibit two-step diffusion pathway facilitating H uptake. Adsorption ; Hydrogen ; Ab initio ; Diffusion ; Metal ; Atom (system on chip) ; Surface diffusion ; Ab initio quantum chemistry methods Hydrogen Storage and Materials ; Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals ; Fusion materials and technologies
Authors: Iryna Kazak | Sidorov Dmitry
Source: Technology audit and production reserves (article, 2025-08-30)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

Improving the design of the extruder to improve the quality of polymer products The object of research is an extruder for the manufacture of polymer products. The article considers the problem of improving the quality of polymer products on the basis of improving the design of the extruder. The selected design of the extruder with the execution of a three-section worm in the compression zone with different heights of barrier gaps in each section. The ratio of the length of individual sections to the total length of the compression zone should be in the range of 0.1–0.5. In this case, the height of the barrier gap in the first section should exceed the height of the gaps in subsequent sections by 1.1 times between adjacent turns of the worm. In the first section with a larger gap, there is an intensive dissipation of the mechanical energy of the drive, which leads to the melting of the polymer and the release of heat. At the same time, a significant part of the unmolten material is retained before entering subsequent sections with a smaller gap. Thus, the worm does not experience a sharp increase in pressure in the compression zone and local overheating of the material along its length in the compression section. In subsequent sections, further separation of the melt and solid particles of the polymer occurs, and the clearance height decreases gradually, ensuring a controlled distribution of heat flows in the material. The proposed design of a worm in the compression zone with a closed barrier gap h = 0.001 m and open barrier gaps h at 0.0105 m and 0.0075 m is illustrated by the example of an extruder (D = 0.63 m; φ = 17.1°) in the processing of recycled high-pressure polyethylene. The use of open barrier gaps between the worm and the extruder body reduces heat dissipation on its working surfaces by almost three times than with closed barrier gaps, as demonstrated by the obtained dependence of the dissipation function on the worm rotation speed. This reduces the risk of material degradation, the thermal conditions of the polymer stay are mitigated, the homogeneity of the melt increases and will contribute to improving the quality of finished polymer products, in particular polymer pipes, films, etc. Plastics extrusion ; Quality (philosophy) ; Polymer ; Process engineering ; Biochemical engineering ; Manufacturing engineering ; Materials science ; Engineering ; Polymer science ; Composite material ; Physics Material Properties and Applications ; Engineering Technology and Methodologies ; Adsorption, diffusion, and thermodynamic properties of materials
Authors: Uğur Demirel
Source: Selcuk Journal of Agricultural and Food Sciences (article, 2025-12-27)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Innovative Technologies in Shelf Life Extension: Recent Developments in The Food Industry This research explores innovative food preservation technologies designed to extend product shelf life and tackle with challenges like microbial contamination, oxidation, and physical degradation. It examines the biological, chemical, and physical factors that drive spoilage and evaluates emerging solutions such as smart packaging, advanced biopreservation methods, and nanotechnology. By analyzing these technologies' theoretical foundations and practical applications, the study highlights their impact on food quality, safety, and sustainability. It also assesses the scalability of these innovations and their potential to transform industrial practices. Ultimately, the research provides a strategic framework for advancing sustainable food preservation methods, aligning technological advancements with the food industry's environmental and economic challenges, and contributing to global efforts in food security and waste reduction. Food industry ; Food security ; Food waste ; Biopreservation ; Food spoilage ; Product (mathematics) ; Emerging technologies ; Food engineering Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Food Waste Reduction and Sustainability ; Microbial Inactivation Methods
Authors: Indrani Nath | Pankaj Lushan Dutta | Prety Rekha Narzary
Source: Journal of Experimental Agriculture International (article, 2025-07-31)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Muga Silk: A Review on its Structural, Physical, and Biomedical Significance Muga silk, secreted by the semi-domesticated silkworm Antheraea assamensis, is a unique natural fiber indigenous to northeastern India, renowned for its golden luster, exceptional durability, and regional exclusivity. As global demand grows for sustainable and high-performance biomaterials, Muga silk is emerging as a promising alternative to the extensively studied Bombyx mori silk. This review critically examines the structural, physicochemical, and thermal characteristics of Muga silk, with emphasis on its molecular organization, fibroin crystallinity, and surface morphology. Comparative analysis with mulberry, tasar, and eri silks highlights superior thermal stability (&gt;300 °C), mechanical strength (up to 7.5 MPa), and biocompatibility of muga silk, making it suitable for biomedical applications such as scaffolds, wound dressings, and composite biomaterials. Additionally, this review discusses the influence of environmental factors—seasonality, host plant variability, and regional microclimate—on cocoon quality and silk yield. Despite its advantages, Muga silk faces significant challenge including limited geographical adaptability, processing difficulties, and lack of standardized biomaterial fabrication protocols. Future research must focus on molecular-level characterization, host plant management, climate-resilient sericulture, and scalable silk fibroin extraction methods. With interdisciplinary collaboration and targeted innovation, Muga silk can transcend its traditional textile niche and evolve into a globally relevant, sustainable biomaterial for next-generation biomedical and industrial applications. SILK ; Materials science ; Composite material Silk-based biomaterials and applications ; Silkworms and Sericulture Research
Authors: Hagit Sela | Arnon A. Rubinshtein | Yacov Iflach | Kfir Alexander | Ilan Metodi | Eyal Elish
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2025-11-11)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

On-site low-cost robust and sensitive uranium analysis in water reservoirs and waste solutions by a simple spectrophotometer Uranium ; Process (computing) ; Simple (philosophy) ; Identification (biology) ; Uranium mining ; Limit (mathematics) ; Radioactive waste Radioactive element chemistry and processing ; Analytical chemistry methods development ; Radioactive contamination and transfer