jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Arati Timilsina | Bishal Thagunna | Subash Kumar Bhattarai Bhattarai | Shireen Khatri | Shristi Poudel Sharma | Sandip Shrestha
Source: EUREKA Life Sciences (article, 2025-04-24)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Extraction and characterization of chitosan from the fish scale (Labeo Rohita) application on preserving nutritional quality, shelf life and sensory quality of apple samples (Malus Domestica) Chitosan is a unique natural alkaline polysaccharide known for its excellent biological compatibility and biodegradability. This study emphasizes the value of post-harvest treatments for strawberries using chitosan as a method of preservation. Chitosan was extracted from fish scales (Labeo rohita) through a chemical process that involved both demineralization and deproteinization, resulting in a 1.5 % solution in its natural state. Various assessments, including physiochemical (weight loss, pH, total soluble solid, acidity, vitamin C, reducing sugar,) microbial (mesophilic bacteria, yeast and mold), sensory, and data analyses, were performed on chitosan-treated apple samples over 25 days, with comparisons made against uncoated apple samples. The total yield of chitosan from fish scale was 13.33 %. The moisture, ash and pH of the extracted chitosan was found to be 2.3 %, 2.0 % and 7.0. The chitosan was then coated to apple samples, and the sample’s physical and chemical composition was retained when compared to the uncoated samples. After the 25th day of storage, the weight loss of the coated and uncoated samples was 7.98 % and 11.86 %, from 0.87 %. Microbial growth was also noticeably lower in the treated apples compared to the control samples. After the 25th day of storage, the mesophilic bacteria in coated and uncoated samples were 3 CFU/g and 149 CFU/g. Similarly, after the 25th day of storage, the yeast and mold in coated and uncoated samples was 3 CFU/g and 170 CFU/g respectively. In terms of sensory attributes, the coated apples did not deliver any distinct flavors or aromas, and they were accepted for storage up to 25 days, while uncoated apples were not accepted before 10 days. Chitosan-coated apples received a strong level of acceptance. Therefore, chitosan extracts can serve as effective natural additives for extending the shelf-life of apples Labeo ; Shelf life ; Malus ; Fish <Actinopterygii> ; Food science ; Chitosan ; Biology ; Fishery ; Horticulture ; Biochemistry Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management ; Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Tae-Hoon Koo | Kwang Lee | Shawn P. Grogan | Darryl D. DʼLima
Source: Journal of Functional Biomaterials (article, 2025-09-15)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Biocompatibility Evaluation of Porcine-Derived Collagen Sheets for Clinical Applications: In Vitro Cytotoxicity, In Vivo Sensitization, and Intracutaneous Reactivity Studies Biocompatibility evaluation of medical devices is essential for ensuring safety, with ISO 10993 series being the standard. However, these tests can be time-consuming and resource-intensive. This study assessed the early-stage biocompatibility of a collagen matrix derived from porcine dermis using three selective ISO tests: in vitro cytotoxicity, in vivo sensitization, and irritation. Collagen was hydrolyzed, purified from miniature pig skin, and then processed into porous sheets via lyophilization. Extracts were prepared using both polar and non-polar extraction vehicles for biological testing. Cytotoxicity testing with mouse fibroblast cells showed no significant cytotoxic effects, with cell morphology and viability comparable to controls. Sensitization testing in guinea pigs, involving intradermal and topical exposure, revealed no allergic responses. Irritation testing in rabbits showed no signs of irritation. The cytotoxicity test took 3 days, the sensitization test 28 days, and the irritation test 7 days, all of which proved suitable for early biocompatibility screening. These results confirmed that the collagen matrix is non-cytotoxic, non-sensitizing, and non-irritant for a month. The use of these three tests enables early identification of unsafe materials, reducing time, cost, and animal use before advancing to more complex ISO 10993 studies. Therefore, they are appropriate and necessary for early feasibility decisions in medical device development. Biocompatibility ; In vivo ; Cytotoxicity ; Dermis ; Dermal fibroblast ; Sensitization ; In vitro ; Irritation Collagen: Extraction and Characterization ; 3D Printing in Biomedical Research ; Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
Authors: Mathieu D. Rivard | Max Renner‐Rao | Nahid Hassanpour | Franziska Jehle | Changsheng Wang | Duy Anh Phạm | Daniel J. Jackson | Xavier Banquy | Matthew J. Harrington
Source: Advanced Functional Materials (article, 2025-11-20)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Proteins, Processing, and Properties of Adhesive Fluid Condensates Purified from Mussels Abstract Humans struggle to design effective underwater adhesives, yet they are essential for numerous technical and biomedical applications. In contrast, biological organisms—most notably mussels—have evolved glues that excel in aquatic environments. While researchers have drawn inspiration from mussels, the resulting materials remain limited by a poor understanding of the native mussel glue formation process. Here, the contents of glue secretory vesicles extracted from mussels are investigated, revealing fluid condensates comprised of the various protein components of the glue. Proteomic analysis confirms the presence of several previously unconfirmed glue proteins in the vesicles, as well as several enzymatic components that may play a role in regulating glue oxidation and cross‐linking. Mimicking vesicle conditions, a method is developed to maintain the vesicle proteins in a reconstituted bulk fluid condensate, enabling in vitro analysis and hypothesis testing. A combination of proteomics, vibrational spectroscopy, and nanomechanical adhesion testing reveals the crucial contributions of several physicochemical factors (e.g., pH, sulfate and vanadium ions, sulfhydryls) for the processing and performance of mussel glues as they transition from fluid condensates to microporous solid glues. These findings are crucial for understanding biological glues and the development of next generation bio‐inspired underwater adhesives. Vesicle ; Microporous material ; Mussel ; Adhesion ; Characterization (materials science) ; Adhesive ; Underwater Polymer Surface Interaction Studies ; Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization ; Marine Biology and Environmental Chemistry
Authors: Betül Aslan | Osman Bayrak
Source: Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi (article, 2025-06-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Effect of Interface Strength on Elastic and Toughness Properties of Graphene-Reinforced Si3N4 Nanocomposites Silicon nitride is used in advanced engineering applications. Its toughness can be improved when they are reinforced with nanoparticles, such as graphene. Although toughness improvement is relatively more achievable with the reinforcement, elastic properties of nanocomposites are generally inferior to those of monolithic ceramics. Experimental works give rich insight into the mechanical characteristics of graphene-Si3N4 nanocomposites. However, there is no consensus yet in literature on why Young’s modulus decreases upon addition of graphene into Si3N4 nanocomposites. In this study, we aimed to reveal the reason behind the deterioration of the Young’s modulus. We created and verified finite element models based on the microstructural and mechanical data provided in literature. Different void and interfacial interaction properties were tested on the models. Results revealed that graphene does not act like voids within the matrix. It rather induces randomly dispersed porosities within the interfaces. Toughness of nanocomposites improved with increase of interfacial strength. However, interfacial strength did not directly affect Young’s modulus of nanocomposites. Following the inducing of porosities within the interfaces in finite element models, it was observed that secant modulus decreased. This finding implies that optimizing porosity distribution via contact discontinuities can help achieve approximating elastic properties of graphene-Si3N4 nanocomposite models. Findings of this study will contribute to future research on nanocomposites, including fracture behavior modeling, and toughness mechanisms Materials science ; Composite material ; Toughness ; Nanocomposite ; Graphene ; Interface (matter) ; Nanotechnology Graphene research and applications ; Advanced ceramic materials synthesis ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
Authors: Abdul Wasy Zia | Alberto Tuñón‐Molina | Ioannis Anestopoulos | Miguel Martí | Mihalis I. Panayiotidis | Anam Ijaz | Ángel Serrano‐Aroca | Martin Birkett
Source: Advanced Healthcare Materials (article, 2025-06-04)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Concurrent Biocompatibility and Antimicrobial Functionality of Soft Diamond‐Like Carbon Coating for Healthcare Applications This unprecedented study reveals the excellent antimicrobial performance of soft, hydrogen-free, pristine diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings against life-threatening methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In addition, most previous studies have separately reported the biocompatibility and antimicrobial performance of DLC coatings, perhaps due to a nuance between antimicrobial performance and cytotoxicity. However, this work concurrently reports the biocompatibility of soft DLC with mouse fibroblast L929 cells and its antimicrobial performance against MRSA, where concurrent reporting is desirous for holistic material assessment, regulatory consideration, and enhanced safety and efficiency for biomedical applications. The soft DLC coatings are prepared with direct-current, open-field, magnetron sputtering, and characterized for structural, physical, mechanical, and electrical properties. The soft DLC coatings show excellent biocompatibility with 168 h leached extracts and antimicrobial performance after 24 h superior to copper, an established antimicrobial agent. This work proposes soft DLC as a safe material for concurrent biocompatibility and antimicrobial actions, as desired in most healthcare applications. Biocompatibility ; Materials science ; Antimicrobial ; Coating ; Diamond-like carbon ; Nanotechnology ; Sputter deposition ; Biomedical engineering ; Sputtering ; Chemistry ; Medicine ; Metallurgy ; Organic chemistry ; Thin film Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research ; Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications ; Carbon Nanotubes in Composites
Authors: Thisun Ranpatabendi | Ruth T. Ngadze | Melania Casertano | Ruud Verkerk | António Martins | Vincenzo Fogliano
Source: Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies (article, 2025-11-07)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Developing a coconut-based functional ingredient for infant nutrition via tailored bioprocessing of virgin coconut oil press cake Virgin coconut oil press cake (VCOPC) is a nutrient-rich byproduct of coconut processing, generating millions of tons of waste annually and offering promising potential for sustainable, value-added products and functional ingredients. In this study, we developed a functional ingredient specifically for infant nutrition through a bioprocessing strategy combining enzymatic treatment and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation. Results showed a 50 % solubilization of VCOPC, a 1000-fold increase in L. paracasei , and the obtainment of a coconut-based functional ingredient (CFI) containing 30 % of proteins both from coconut and by de novo bacteria protein biosynthesis. In vitro digestion results from the infant model in the intestinal phase showed a 67 % degree of hydrolysis, with lysine (51 mg/g) and leucine (78 mg/g) as the most abundant essential amino acids, and arginine (95 mg/g) as the most prevalent non-essential amino acid. Additionally, cysteine, a limiting amino acid in the coconut nutritional profile, was produced through LAB fermentation and liberated during in vitro digestion, reaching a concentration of 7.4 mg/g in the intestinal phase. Colonic batch fermentation of CFI led to the production of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, with levels exceeding those obtained with Inulin. Overall, the combined bioprocessing strategy of VCOPC produced a functional ingredient suitable for infant nutrition, featuring improved digestibility, a balanced amino acid composition, and promoting gut health. This approach supports the efficient upcycling of a valuable coconut byproduct, enhancing the coconut production chain's value and promoting sustainable food practices. • Bio processing of virgin coconut oil press cake yields infant food ingredient • Digestibility reaches 67 % with a balanced release of essential amino acid • The infant food ingredient promotes gut health and butyric acid production Ingredient ; Coconut oil ; Bioprocess ; Fermentation ; Functional food ; Lactobacillus paracasei ; Leucine ; Lactic acid Coconut Research and Applications ; Probiotics and Fermented Foods ; Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
Authors: Sumaiya Tabassum | Irfan Najib | Rehnuma Razzak Fera | Shafiqul Islam | Maruf Hasan | Md. Nahid‐Ull‐Islam
Source: Journal of Applied Research in Technology & Engineering (article, 2025-06-11)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Evaluating the thermal properties of knit fabric made of 100% conventional cotton and BCI cotton The study discusses research findings on the thermal characteristics of BCI cotton, 100% conventional cotton, and blends with polyester and elastane. The investigation emphasises single-jersey, rib jersey, and single-jersey blend arrangements. The thermal properties of the recommended knitted material configuration were assessed. The results indicate that each fabric composition with a varied structure exhibits distinct thermal characteristics. BCI cotton fabrics have good uniformity and structure due to cultivation compliance, better thermal conductivity, air permeability, and thermal transmittance. They are eventually better for sportswear and summer apparel products. However, it is essential to consider that the other side of both rib and single jersey fabrics made of conventional cotton with less uniformity includes a more significant CLO and thermal resistance value than BCI cotton fabrics, giving a warmer feeling and being more fruitful for winter clothing with better-trapped air and heat. Thermo-physiological comfort is influenced by various factors such as fiber content, yarn quality, fabric finish, structure, and heat and water vapor resistance, which increase with material thickness and air entrapment in the fabric. Materials science ; Composite material ; Polymer science Textile materials and evaluations ; Dyeing and Modifying Textile Fibers ; Color perception and design
Authors: Muhammad Moazzam
Source: Biotechnology for Sustainable Materials (article, 2025-11-27)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

From waste to wealth and regeneration: a PRISMA review of sustainable biomaterials for scalable tissue engineering The pursuit of sustainable and eco-friendly solutions in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) has led to an increasing focus on waste-derived biomaterials. This PRISMA-guided systematic review evaluates current research on the fabrication, biological performance, scalability, and translational challenges of natural biomaterials sourced from marine, agricultural, and food processing wastes. Evidence from eighteen studies published between 2015 and 2025 demonstrates that waste materials such as shrimp shells, fish scales, seaweed, rice husks, and food peels can be effectively transformed into biocompatible, biodegradable scaffolds through scalable methods including demineralization, freeze-drying, electrospinning, and bioprinting. These scaffolds exhibit tissue-specific mechanical properties, favorable degradation profiles, and high cell viability, supporting tissue regeneration across bone, cartilage, skin, and soft tissues. The review highlights the potential of waste valorization for circular economy strategies, contributing to environmental sustainability while advancing regenerative therapies. Nonetheless, challenges such as process standardization, quality control, long-term safety, and regulatory pathways remain critical hurdles to clinical translation. Addressing these issues through technological innovation and interdisciplinary collaboration will be essential to harness the full potential of waste-derived biomaterials as scalable, sustainable solutions in regenerative medicine. Sustainability ; Regenerative medicine ; Regeneration (biology) ; Process (computing) ; Tissue engineering ; Sustainable development Collagen: Extraction and Characterization ; Bone Tissue Engineering Materials ; Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Meiling Wan | Yu‐Sheng Liu | Xiao Chen | Madi Arsakay | Fei Wei | Rodney S. Ruoff | Bin Song | Boyuan Shen
Source: Nano Research (article, 2025-07-10)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Pore size engineering of carbon-modulated zeolite framework for controllable selective adsorption of small gas molecules Separation and capture technology for small molecules is of great significance, including for the goal of adsorbing and separating CO<sub>2</sub>. Accurately controlling the pore size to achieve separation of molecules with similar sizes remains a challenging task in rigid porous materials, such as inorganic zeolites. We propose precise pore size engineering of ‘larger pore’ faujasite (FAU) zeolite by depositing carbon atoms inside its framework. Low-dose electron microscopy with high spatial resolution is used to visualize the carbon deposition process and the corresponding evolution of pore size. Pore size changes as a function of carbon deposition time are also studied by gas adsorption using N<sub>2</sub>. The carbon-modulated FAU samples with optimized pore sizes exhibit excellent gas separation of CO<sub>2</sub> relative to other small molecules. For a 50/50 H<sub>2</sub>/CO<sub>2</sub> mixture, the separation factor was increased by 31 % with a breakthrough time difference over 1200 s/g as compared to the neat FAU. We thus tailor the gas adsorption of FAU through partial filling of pores with deposited carbon and note that this can be generalized for the pore size engineering of many porous materials for use in industrial gas separation applications. Zeolite ; Adsorption ; Chemical engineering ; Molecule ; Materials science ; Selective adsorption ; Activated carbon ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Catalysis ; Engineering Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis ; Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; Zeolite Catalysis and Synthesis
Authors: Sujeeta Yadav | Kamla Malik | Kashish Sharma | Preeti Dhillon | Dandu Harikarthik
Source: Frontiers in Nutrition (article, 2025-11-03)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Assessment of chitosan-based edible coatings containing bioactive compounds derived from agricultural residue for improving postharvest quality characteristics of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) This study aimed to evaluate the impact of bioactive-based edible coatings on the shelf life of tomatoes. Bioactive compounds were extracted from rice and wheat straw. Different concentrations of phenolic extracts (0.2-1.0 g/mL) were blended with 1% chitosan and applied to fresh tomatoes stored at 28 °C and 74%-84% relative humidity (RH) for 30 days. Periodic evaluations revealed that tomatoes coated with 1.0 g/mL extract of rice and wheat straw coatings were highly effective in maintaining tomato quality as compared to controls. Tomatoes coated with 1.0 g/mL extract of wheat straw exhibited the most favorable results, including delayed weight loss (1.29%), slowed ripening, reduced pH levels, and lower lycopene (2.79 mg/100 g) and beta-carotene (0.62 mg/100 g) contents as compared to those coated with coatings containing rice straw extracts. Additionally, wheat straw extract-coated tomatoes had the lowest disease incidence (2%) after 30 days, as compared to 100% incidence in control samples. Overall, using edible coatings enriched with rice and wheat straw extracts presents a promising approach to extending the shelf life of tomatoes while preserving their nutritional value, inhibiting microbial growth, and offering a more sustainable and eco-friendlier alternative to conventional packaging methods. Postharvest ; Straw ; Shelf life ; Lycopene ; Relative humidity ; Rice straw ; Blanching Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management ; Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Pushpa S. Parmar | Kamlesh C. Patel | G. B. Patil
Source: Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition (article, 2025-01-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Green Synthesis and Characterization of Fe Nanoparticles Using Neem (Azadirachta indica L.) Leaves A laboratory study for synthesis and characterization of iron nanoparticles was conducted at laboratory of Department of Nanotechnology and Centre for advanced Research in Plant Tissue Culture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand. The Fe nanoparticle synthesized by green method and subsequently characterized for size (Dynamic Light Scattering), functional group (FTIR) and absorbance spectra (UV-VIS Spectrophotometer). The hydrodynamic average diameter was 22.02 nm, Polydispersity index (Pdi) of 0.248 and Kilo count per second (Kcps) of 228.6 for Fe nanoparticles. The FTIR showed 3219.06 cm−1, 1637.15 cm-1 confirmed presence of Fe nanoparticles. The UV-Visible spectra of the green synthesized Fe nanoparticles found an absorption peak at 256 nm. The FeCl3.6H2O and the neem leaf extract reacted, the color of the reaction mixture quickly changed from yellow to a dark brown color. Dispersity ; Absorbance ; Azadirachta ; Nanoparticle ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Nuclear chemistry ; Dynamic light scattering ; Characterization (materials science) ; Materials science ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Nanotechnology ; Chemical engineering ; Chromatography ; Polymer chemistry ; Botany ; Composite material Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
Authors: Hans de Brouwer | Muhammad Asad
Source: Polymers in Medicine (article, 2025-12-10)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Comparison of the optical and mechanical properties of plastics before and after ethylene oxide sterilization It has been shown that all families of plastics typically used in disposable medical products can be sterilized with EO without significant change in properties as determined on standardized test specimen. Sterilization (economics) ; Ethylene oxide ; Materials testing ; Poly ethylene Polymer Science and PVC ; Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals ; Microplastics and Plastic Pollution