jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Yakup Emül
Source: Cumhuriyet Science Journal (article, 2025-09-30)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Optical Properties of a Two-Stage Oppositely Rotated Liquid Crystal Retarder System: A Monte Carlo and Mueller Matrix Study We present a computational study of a two-stage liquid crystal (LC) retarder system composed of oppositely rotated planar-aligned LC layers placed between three linear polarizers. The molecular orientations of the LC molecules (LCMs) are modeled using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations based on the Lebwohl–Lasher and Rapini–Papoular potentials. The resulting director configurations are used as input for Mueller matrix-based optical analysis to compute polarization-dependent transmittance across the visible spectrum. We systematically explore the effects of rotation angle, cell thickness, and wavelength on the system’s transmission characteristics. Particular attention is given to red (700 nm), green (546.1 nm), and blue (435.8 nm) (RGB) light components, demonstrating polarization-sensitive spectral filtering and angular tunability. Our findings highlight the system’s potential for use in compact optical filters, RGB channel isolation, and polarization-sensitive imaging applications. Retarder ; Monte Carlo method ; Liquid crystal ; Transmittance ; Mueller calculus ; RGB color model ; Rotation (mathematics) ; Optical rotation ; Matrix method Liquid Crystal Research Advancements ; Optical Polarization and Ellipsometry ; Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
Authors: Mianjun Xiao | Peng Song | Yulong Liu | Cedric Korte | Ziyang Xu | Jiale Gao | Jiaqi Lu | Hong-Hong Nie | Qinglin Deng | Timing Qu
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-09-07)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

A Surrogate model for High Temperature Superconducting Magnets to Predict Current Distribution with Neural Network Finite element methods (FEM) for high-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets become time-consuming at larger scales, restricting the rapid optimization of meter-scale REBCO solenoids. In this work, a surrogate model based on a fully connected residual neural network (FCRN) is developed to predict the current density distribution in REBCO solenoids. Trained on datasets generated from FEM simulations by the T-A formulation, the FCRN model is evaluated under both fast ramping and steady-state scenarios, showing a lower validation loss than the fully connected network (FCN). When extrapolating geometric parameters beyond the training set, the model achieves a relative error of below 10 % for magnetization losses in Case 1 and an average error of 1.2 % for the central magnetic field in Case 2. Furthermore, deploying the steady-state surrogate model for rapid magnet design found the optimal solution within the parameter space under constraints, with a relative central magnetic field error of 0.2 % compared to FEM results. With rapid predictions, this surrogate model offers an efficient tool for the intelligent design of large-scale HTS magnets. Extrapolation ; Residual ; Magnet ; Surrogate model ; Artificial neural network ; Finite element method ; Convergence (economics) Magnetic Properties and Applications
Authors: Franciny Aparecida Alves | Renan Marcel Bonilha Dezena | Sidnei Da Silva Beltrão | Paulo César Pires Rosa
Source: Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Químico Farmacéuticas (article, 2025-03-17)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Compatibility study of clonazepam and excipients in solid pharmaceutical formulations This study has had as main objectives to apply the analysis via fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to verify the degradation and alteration of the functional groups of clonazepam, due to their importance as a characterization tools, and to use a validated method for the quantification of clonazepam, with a new chromatographic analysis with no use of buffer in the mobile phase to be applied in the studies of stability of pharmaceutic formulations and in the analysis of degradation products. The results obtained from the thermal analysis have showed that the studied excipients did not reveal changes in the thermal behavior of the binary mixtures, clonazepam excipient, with no indication of incompatibility. The analytic method developed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been shown adequate for quantification of clonazepam and its impurities. The implementation of thermal analysis and the application of new analytic methods have been considered important strategies in the diverse areas of the pharmaceutical industry, providing information that define the technological quality parameters of the products, aiming the development of new formulations. Clonazepam ; Differential scanning calorimetry ; Compatibility (geochemistry) ; Forced degradation ; Thermal analysis ; Dosage form ; Thermal stability ; Pharmaceutical formulation Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems ; Thermal and Kinetic Analysis
Authors: Chang Zheng | Lichao Jiao | Tuo He | Yang Lu | Shoujia Liu | Tianxiao Li | Ruochen Ye | Haibin Zhou | Yafang Yin
Source: npj Heritage Science (article, 2025-10-28)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Deep learning-based in-situ identification of coniferous wood components in heritage architectures of China Identification of structural wooden components is crucial for heritage architecture conservation as it elucidates the utilization patterns of forest resources and evolution of human civilization. This paper proposes a computer vision-based in situ identification method for wooden components of Chinese heritage architectures, using a dataset comprising 4050 images from 63 components of nine buildings. The optimal algorithm, RepLKNet, trained on coniferous xylarium specimens, achieves 96.67% identification accuracy, with 98.33%, 93.33%, and 90% precision at 50%, 70%, and 90% confidence thresholds, respectively. A minimum sample size of 25 species and 1500 images per genus ensures test accuracy >90%. Impact of structural deterioration (decay and cracks) on accuracy is also evaluated. Cracks significantly affect the wood recognition accuracy of historical components. Performance degrades significantly when cracks span >30% of the image. Latewood integrity is also critical to identification. The proposed method advances structural preservation strategies and preventive maintenance practices in heritage architecture. Identification (biology) ; Cultural heritage ; Sample (material) ; China ; Architecture ; Species identification Wood and Agarwood Research ; Wood Treatment and Properties ; Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
Source: International Journal of Science and Engineering Applications (article, 2025-08-04)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Improvement of 2-Acetylfuran as Corrosion Inhibiters of Mild Steel in Near Neutral and Co2 Saturated Solution The use of corrosion inhibitors is crucial for protecting oil and gas facilities.Furan and its derivatives are under investigation and have been proven to be effective as corrosion inhibitors.In this work, furan derivative (2-Acetylfuran) was studied as a corrosion inhibitor to protect mild steel in a pH 5.5 solution saturated with CO2.The results showed that a protection percentage of 92% can be achieved by 3 ppm of 2-Acetylfuran alone on mild steel.However, by adding 3 ppm of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate to the solution, this percentage increases to 99.7%.At higher dosages of 2-Acetylfuran, the corrosion rate may increase due to the formation of acetic acid near the mild steel surface and increased hydrogen evolution.The increase in protection by the addition of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate may be related to the formation of iron sulfide on the mild steel samples. Corrosion ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Metallurgy Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition ; Material Properties and Failure Mechanisms ; Material Properties and Applications
Authors: Mumtahin Ul Kousar | Abida Jabeen | Syed Zameer Hussain | Imran Khan | Raja Aadil Hussain Bhat
Source: International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Optimization and comparative evaluation of eugenol rich extract from basil leaves using ultrasonic assisted and moderate electric field assisted extraction techniques Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a commonly grown aromatic herb, renowned for its essential oil, particularly due to its high eugenol content. Eugenol, a bioactive phenylpropanoid, is valued for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties, making it highly sought after in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and food sectors. Traditional extraction methods, such as hydrodistillation and solvent-based techniques, often prove inefficient, resulting in thermal degradation, low yield, and solvent contamination. Consequently, green extraction technologies like ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) and moderate electric field assisted extraction (MEFAE) have emerged as promising alternatives. This study assesses the effectiveness of UAE and MEFAE in extracting eugenol from basil leaves, comparing them to conventional methods. Key extraction parameters, such as temperature, time, and solvent composition, were optimized to improve yield and retain bioactivity. The results indicate that both UAE and MEFAE enhance extraction efficiency, reduce processing time, and maintain the bioactive properties of the eugenol-rich extract. However, UAE surpasses MEFAE in terms of yield, energy efficiency, and preservation of bioactive compounds. These findings underscore the potential of UAE as a superior green extraction method for sustainable and high-yield production of eugenol-rich extract, paving the way for environmentally friendly and industrially scalable applications. Ultrasonic sensor ; Eugenol ; Extraction (chemistry) ; Electric field ; Traditional medicine ; Materials science ; Chromatography ; Chemistry ; Acoustics ; Physics ; Medicine ; Organic chemistry Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities ; Seed and Plant Biochemistry
Authors: Ahmet Efe
Source: DergiPark (Istanbul University) (article, 2025-01-30)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

KALI ARAÇLARININ WEB TABANLI MIS VE ERP UYGULAMALARINI HACKLEME VE MANIPÜLE ETME AMACIYLA KULLANIMINA YÖNELIK BIR RISK DEĞERLENDIRMESI The increasing reliance on web-based Management Information Systems (MIS) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) applications has made them an attractive target for cyber attackers. This study conducts a comprehensive risk assessment of the use of Kali Linux tools in hacking and manipulating web-based MIS and ERP applications. By examining key penetration testing methodologies—including reconnaissance, scanning, enumeration, exploitation, and post-exploitation—this research highlights the vulnerabilities inherent in these systems. The study provides an in-depth analysis of prominent Kali Linux tools such as SQLMap, Burp Suite, Metasploit Framework, Nmap, and Nessus, which are commonly used for security testing but also pose significant risks when leveraged for malicious activities. Drawing on case studies and existing literature, the findings underscore the critical security gaps in web-based MIS and ERP applications, emphasizing the need for robust defense mechanisms. The study proposes proactive risk mitigation strategies, including regular security audits, implementation of least privilege access controls, security awareness training, deployment of advanced threat detection systems, and adherence to legal and compliance frameworks governing penetration testing. The research concludes that while Kali Linux serves as a valuable tool for ethical hacking and security assessments, its misuse with the support of AI algorithms and automated code generations of scanning and attacks necessitates a stringent cybersecurity framework to protect organizational assets. Future research should explore the integration of automated threat detection systems and the legal implications of penetration testing to enhance cybersecurity resilience. Hacker ; Software deployment ; Information security ; Key (lock) ; Application security ; Risk management ; Confidentiality ; Web application ; Enterprise resource planning Textile materials and evaluations ; IoT-based Smart Home Systems ; Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Hairui Ma | Masataka ABE | Takashi Sumigawa
Source: Journal of the Japan Society of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Modeling of Magnetostriction Curves of Ni Based on Jiles-Atherton Type Differential Hysteresis Model Magnetostriction is a typical magneto-mechanical phenomenon observed in magnetic materials, which is accompanied by hysteresis.In this paper, we attempt to modify the Classical Jiles-Atherton model (CJA model), which is a typical differential hysteresis model of a magnetization process, into a hysteresis model of magnetostriction curve.At first, we compared the hysteresis of the magnetization curves and the magnetostriction curves and clarified the differences.Then, we proposed a method to incorporate the "proceed" characteristics of the magnetostriction hysteresis curves into the CJA model.Finally, to verify the correctness of the modifications, the proposed model was checked to see if it could represent the experimental data of nickel measured under several uniaxial stresses.The verification results show that the magnetostriction curves of nickel can be represented with high accuracy using the proposed Jiles-Atherton type differential hysteresis model. Magnetostriction ; Hysteresis ; Magnetic hysteresis ; Type (biology) ; Differential (mechanical device) ; Nickel Magnetic Properties and Applications ; Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels ; Metallurgy and Material Forming
Authors: Minglei Wei
Source: Distributed Generation & Alternative Energy Journal (article, 2025-12-16)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Early Detection of Sulfur Hexafluoride Leakage in Substation Based on Numerical Simulation and Finite Volume Method Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is an excellent insulating gas that is widely used in substations. However, it poses a threat to worker safety in the event of a leakage. Therefore, it is crucial to construct an accurate early-warning detection system for leaks to ensure the safe operation of substations. In this study, taking a substation as an example, the key parameters affecting SF6 gas diffusion were analyzed by novel numerical simulation model. On this basis, combined with the finite volume method, different leakage scenarios are simulated. Under different leakage conditions, SF6 could accumulate significantly on the ground. Its volume concentration could exceed 1000 ppm, and the duration of the high concentration state could be longer than in the horizontal leakage scenario. The method proposed in this study can effectively reduce the impact of leakage accidents, and provide a theoretical basis for the early monitoring and detection of SF6 leakage. Sulfur hexafluoride ; Leakage (economics) ; Computer simulation ; Finite volume method ; Volume (thermodynamics) High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Water Systems and Optimization ; Electrical Fault Detection and Protection
Authors: Yanxue Chen | Yanxia Zhong | Haixia Yin | Zhenghong Wu | Wei Yu
Source: Journal of Engineering and Applied Science (article, 2025-02-10)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Examining the influence of fiber orientation and cross-sectional geometry on the absorption capability of epoxy/carbon composite absorbents Abstract This study investigates the collapse behavior and energy absorption capabilities of epoxy/carbon composite absorbers using finite element analysis (FEA) in ABAQUS software. The analysis focuses on different geometrical cross-sections (circular, square, and octagonal) and various fiber orientations (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°). The simulation results are validated against experimental data from previous studies to ensure accuracy. The findings reveal that nonzero fiber orientations induce twisting, altering stress distribution and reducing geometric stability. The highest energy absorption capacity was registered for the circular sections among the investigated geometries; the maximum collapse force for octagonal sections with a fiber orientation of 60° was increased by 35% and 49% with respect to the cylindrical and square sections, respectively. Also, in the case of an octagonal section, the maximum average absorbed energy occurs at a fiber orientation of 51.3°. The octagonal cross-section, especially for fiber orientation of 46.4°, demonstrates a better maximum peak load than the rest of the geometries. In this study, the critical effect of fiber orientation on the collapse behavior and energy absorption was underlined; for instance, a 0° fiber orientation behaves like a soft material, while 90° behaves like a brittle one, providing different modes of collapse. The results indicate how composite materials could be optimized for energy absorption applications. Epoxy ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Composite number ; Orientation (vector space) ; Fiber ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Carbon fibers ; Geometry ; Mathematics Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Fiber-reinforced polymer composites ; Mechanical Behavior of Composites
Authors: S. Alharthi | H. Uguru | G.I. Okolotu | N.K. Alqahtanid | O. Nyoreree | R. Sami | M. Helal | A. Al-Farga | W.A. Alsaneii | H.M. Abo-dief | S.A. Abushal | A.M. Almehmadi
Source: Grasas y Aceites (article, 2025-11-21)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Characterization and stability of carrot root oil (D. carota subsp. Sativus) with predictive modelling This research was conducted to determine the influence of storage duration on the stability of carrot root oil (CRO). Chemical analyses of the CRO produced through the solvent extraction technique and stored in the dark at 30±5 oC for 150 days, were carried out in line with standard procedures. The results revealed that CRO contains an appreciable amount of unsaturated fatty acids, phytochemicals and physiochemical properties. Moreover, the phytochemical analysis indicated that ephedrine, epicatechin, and lunamarin were the most prevalent compounds in the CRO. The oil quality (unsaturated fatty acids and phytochemicals) declined nonlinearly during storage. The acid value content increased from 0.49 to 1.04 mgKOH/g; while the carotenoids, iodine, tocopherol and polyunsaturated fatty acids levels decreased by 15, 27, 21 and 28 %, respectively, after 150 days. These findings clearly demonstrate that CRO contains appropriate concentrations of essential compounds, making it a sustainable fixed oil for medical and nutritional applications. Phytochemical ; Polyunsaturated fatty acid ; Daucus carota ; Extraction (chemistry) ; Fatty acid ; Tocopherol ; Mineral oil ; Unsaturated fatty acid Edible Oils Quality and Analysis ; Sesame and Sesamin Research ; Medicinal Plant Research
Authors: Elias Sfeir | Carolin Schrader | Florentin Fabre | Jules Courtin | Céline Vergnaud | A. Marty | Matthieu Jamet | Frédéric Bonell | Isabelle Robert-Philip | V. Jacques | Aurore Finco
Source: Physical Review Materials (article, 2025-11-21)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Room temperature magnetic vortices in the van der Waals magnet <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Fe</mml:mi> <mml:mn>5</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>GeTe</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> Confinement is an efficient approach to manipulate magnetic materials in order to stabilize complex states. In this work, the authors demonstrate its effect on a room-temperature van der Waals ferromagnet, Fe${}_{5}$GeTe${}_{2}$ using scanning NV center microscopy. They locally measure the magnetization in microstructures and reveal the presence of vortices as their ground state. The stray field images also highlight the effect of the size of the patterned structures on the stabilization of the vortices, in agreement with micromagnetic simulations, thus proposing a way to control noncollinear textures in van der Waals magnets. van der Waals force ; Vortex ; Magnet ; Magnetization ; Magnetic field ; Center (category theory) ; Micromagnetics ; Demagnetizing field 2D Materials and Applications ; Topological Materials and Phenomena ; Magnetic properties of thin films
Authors: Gennady G Matishov | А.Б. Лаптев | Rustem Akhiyarov | Hurshejon K. Djumabaev | Damir M. Kireev | М. А. Горбовец
Source: Corrosion Reviews (article, 2025-07-08)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Method of accounting for the accelerated destruction of coupon edges when determining the effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors Abstract Gravimetric tests are widely used to evaluate the effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors in pipelines and equipment. However, there is always some measurement error due to the more intense corrosion damage to the edges of the samples, and the smaller the sample size, the greater this error will be. The developed method involves testing coupons of different sizes under the same conditions, and then mathematically calculating excess weight loss along the edges of the coupon. In the experiment conducted by the authors, when testing samples in an aggressive environment without an inhibitor, the measured corrosion rate turned out to be 9 % higher than the real one. Similarly, in an environment with an imidazoline inhibitor, the corrosion rate turned out to be 15 % higher than the real one, taking into account the edge effect. The application of the method of accounting for the excessive corrosion rate of the coupon edge will increase the accuracy of gravimetric measurements and increase the accuracy of predicting the timing of structural damage. It will also reduce the costs associated with additional inhibitory treatment. Corrosion ; Gravimetric analysis ; Materials science ; Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution ; Coupon ; Composite material ; Computer science ; Chemistry Material Properties and Failure Mechanisms ; Engineering Diagnostics and Reliability ; Concrete Corrosion and Durability
Authors: Isac G. Rosset
Source: Research Society and Development (article, 2025-04-19)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Aplicações recentes do método DP4+ na elucidação estereoquímica de alcaloides naturais complexos A determinação estereoquímica de compostos naturais é essencial para a compreensão de suas propriedades biológicas e farmacológicas. O objetivo do presente estudo é apresentar uma revisão narrativa na qual são apresentados e discutidos estudos recentes (2021 a 2024) que utilizaram o método DP4+ para atribuir configurações estereoquímicas de alcaloides naturais. O método DP4+ se mostrou altamente eficaz na distinção entre isômeros com múltiplos centros quirais, mesmo em estruturas complexas. Além disso, os compostos revisados demonstraram uma ampla gama de atividades biológicas, reforçando a importância do rigor estereoquímico em estudos de produtos naturais. O DP4+ consolida-se como uma ferramenta indispensável na química de produtos naturais, especialmente quando se busca integrar rigor estrutural com potencial farmacológico. Espera-se que sua aplicação continue a crescer nos próximos anos, especialmente com os avanços em métodos de simulação e análise estatística. Mica ; Chemistry ; Humanities ; Materials science ; Philosophy ; Composite material Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography