jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Benjamin D. Harding | Ashley Hiett | Marco Tonelli | Songlin Wang | Chad M. Rienstra | Katherine A. Henzler‐Wildman
Source: Biomolecular NMR Assignments (article, 2025-05-26)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Backbone and sidechain 1H, 15N and 13C resonance assignments of a multidrug efflux membrane protein using solution and solid-state NMR EmrE is a bacterial membrane-embedded multidrug transporter that functions as an asymmetric homodimer. EmrE is implicated in antibiotic resistance but is now known to confer either resistance or susceptibility depending on the identity of the small molecule substrate. Here, we report both solution- and solid-state NMR assignments of S64V-EmrE at pH 5.8, below the pKa of critical residues E14 and H110. This includes <sup>1</sup>H, <sup>15</sup>N, and <sup>13</sup>C resonance assignments of the backbone, methyl groups (isoleucine, leucine, valine, threonine and alanine) from solution NMR experiments in bicelles, and backbone and side-chain assignments from solid-state NMR <sup>13</sup>C-detected experiments in liposomes. Chemistry ; Efflux ; Valine ; Alanine ; Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance ; Model lipid bilayer ; Threonine ; Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; Crystallography ; Stereochemistry ; Multiple drug resistance ; Resonance (particle physics) ; Carbon-13 NMR ; Membrane ; Amino acid ; Biochemistry ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Lipid bilayer ; Antibiotics ; Serine ; Enzyme Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications ; Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography ; Muon and positron interactions and applications
Authors: Jian Cao | Sarra Salhi | Jonathan Peltier | Jean‐René Coudevylle | Samson Edmond | Cédric Villebasse | Étienne Herth | Laurent Vivien | Carlos Alonso-Ramos | Daniele Melati
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-12-08)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Single-layer silicon metalens for broadband achromatic focusing and wide field of view Achieving simultaneous broadband achromatic focusing and a wide field of view remains a significant challenge for metalenses. In this work, we begin with a quadratic phase profile, enabling full field-of-view designs, and apply dispersion engineering to minimize variations of the focal length across wavelengths, thereby substantially reducing both longitudinal and transverse chromatic aberrations. This is accomplished using only the propagation phase in a single layer of waveguide-like rectangular meta-atoms, without relying on geometric phase contributions. The fabricated metalens experimentally demonstrates a field of view of [Formula: see text], along with a tenfold reduction in focal length variations with wavelength compared to a conventional quadratic metalens, achieving a measured relative shift as low as 1.3% across the 1.5 µm - 1.6 µm range (limited by our experimental setup). This improvement also results in a constant focusing efficiency in the considered wavelength range, where a reference quadratic metalens exhibits a nearly twofold reduction. These experimental results validate the effectiveness of our design strategy in simultaneously enhancing the operational bandwidth and field of view of metalenses. The demonstrated performance can directly benefit beam steering applications in the near-infrared wavelength range and provides a path toward achromatic, wide field-of-view metalenses in the visible range for imaging systems. Achromatic lens ; Broadband ; Wavelength ; Bandwidth (computing) ; Phase (matter) ; Dispersion (optics) ; Beam steering ; Range (aeronautics) ; Field (mathematics) Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research
Authors: Su Yean Teh | Danat Nanle Tanko | Choon Fu Goh | Yee Shan Sim
Source: ASM Science Journal (article, 2025-05-19)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Mathematical Model for Estimating Skin Permeation Parameters Mathematical modelling of drug transport to the skin is useful to gain fundamental understanding on the drug permeation mechanism for formulation design. For this purpose, the diffusion equation from Fick’s law of diffusion is commonly used to model the transport of drug through the skin. In this paper, this diffusion equation was solved using Laplace transform with appropriate initial and boundary conditions representing infinite dosing. The solution was then inverted numerically using the Weeks method and used to fit drug experimental data for the estimation of the apparent partition coefficient, P1 and apparent diffusion coefficient, P2. To test this model, particularly on the best curve fitting algorithm to use, the estimated P1 and P2 values were compared to those reported in literature. Three curve fitting methods, namely simple loop, particle swarm optimization (PSO) and non-linear least squares (NLS), were evaluated. The result suggests that PSO and NLS can provide P1 and P2 estimates that are comparable to those reported in the literature. Permeation ; Biological system ; Computer science ; Biochemical engineering ; Chemistry ; Engineering ; Biology ; Membrane Textile materials and evaluations
Authors: N V Morgacheva | Elena Sotnikova | Anna Yakushina | A. I. Petrenko | Yurii Vorobev | Elena Tretyak
Source: International Journal of Ecosystems and Ecology Science (IJEES) (article, 2025-09-20)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

USE OF MEDIA AND GEOINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS FOR THE PRESERVATION OF NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS AND BIODIVERSITY Major changes are currently taking place across various fields of human activity and in the development of fundamental and applied sciences.A significant share of these changes is driven by modern media and geoinformation technologies, which rely on the large-scale development and implementation of geographic information systems (GIS).These systems offer substantial advantages for progress in the economy, politics, ecology, environmental management, media, communications, education, and culture.The study aims to demonstrate the possibilities and specific features of utilizing media and geoinformation technologies, as well as artificial intelligence (AI) systems, in the implementation of the educational process in environmental education at the university level.Based on the results of an expert survey, the authors have identified the primary educational skills acquired through the use of multimedia and GIS technologies in environmental education.The study presents the opportunities offered by multimedia learning for students, enabling the use of multimedia tools, web-GIS, and mobile GIS in environmental education.Their use allows one to study the geographic environment, understand the interdependence of its components, and develop spatial thinking skills, as well as acquire basic skills related to the integration of these technologies with AI systems. Biodiversity ; Process (computing) ; Natural (archaeology) ; Geographic information system ; Ecosystem ; Information system Diatoms and Algae Research
Authors: Lorraine Latchoumane | Martin Ecarnot | Ryad Bendoula | Jean‐Michel Roger | Silvia Mas-Garcia | Héloïse Villesseche | Flora Tavernier | Maxime Ryckewaert | Nathalie Gorretta | Pierre Roumet | Elsa Ballini
Source: Data in Brief (article, 2025-02-18)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Early detection of Zymoseptoria tritici infection on wheat leaves using hyperspectral imaging data This article presents a hyperspectral imaging (HSI) database of healthy leaves and leaves infected with <i>Zymoseptoria tritici</i> fungal pathogen responsible for leaf blotch (Lb) disease. Leaves of two durum wheat genotypes were studied under controlled conditions to track the evolution of Lb disease and capture significant spectral and spatial differences until the onset of symptoms. Hyperspectral image acquisitions were purchased with two cameras in visible-near infrared (VNIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectral ranges on eighteen dates between one day before inoculation and twenty days after inoculation. For each wavelength range studied, a total of 1175 images provided information on 3326 leaves measured throughout the experiment. These data are valuable since they can be used as a basis to monitor disease's development over time, to build leaf classification models according to their infection status per genotype per day, to develop prediction models related to symptoms' appearance, or to test imaging and spectral analysis methods. Hyperspectral imaging ; Biology ; Microbiology ; Remote sensing ; Geography Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Remote Sensing in Agriculture ; Smart Agriculture and AI
Authors: Kevin Daly
Source: Peer Community In Archaeology (article, 2025-06-06)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Recommendation of: Open science, communication, and collaboration for the future of palaeoproteomics. Round#2 A recommendation of: Joannes A. A. Dekker, Carli Peters, Rachel M. Winter, Matthew J. Collins, Marc R. Dickinson, Virginia L. Harvey, Eden Hill, Bharath Nair, Takumi Tsutaya, Laura C. Viñas- Caron, Christina Warinner, Frido Welker, Zandra Fagernäs Open science, communication, and collaboration for the future of palaeoproteomics https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15546095 Open science ; Computer science ; World Wide Web ; Mathematics ; Statistics Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Research Data Management Practices ; Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research
Authors: Gust Bilcke | Lucia Campese | Rossella Annunziata | Luz Amadei Martínez | Camilla Borgonuovo | Nadine Rijsdijk | Peter Chaerle | Koen Van den Berge | Sofie D’hondt | Daniele Iudicone | Marina Montresor | Maria Immacolata Ferrante | Klaas Vandepoele | Wim Vyverman
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2025-11-14)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Conserved genetic markers reveal widespread diatom sexual reproduction in the global ocean Sexual reproduction is a nearly universal characteristic of the eukaryotic life cycle, yet it is rarely observed in natural populations of micro-eukaryotes. Sex is particularly relevant for diatoms, a key group of marine and freshwater phytoplankton, where sexual reproduction counters a progressive cell size reduction due to cellular division. Here, we leveraged controlled sex transcriptome experiments of four diatom species to develop a robust method for in situ monitoring of sexual reproduction events. The resulting panel of conserved marker genes was validated for specificity and sensitivity using metatranscriptomic profiling of a natural estuarine community undergoing massive sexual reproduction of multiple species in response to increased salinity. Analysis of metatranscriptomic data linked with Metagenome-Assembled Genomes from the Tara Oceans expedition revealed widespread and coordinated expression of these markers across nine diatom genera, complemented by observations of sexual stages in automated imaging resources. Our results reveal that diatom sexual reproduction is more widespread in the global ocean than previously thought, encompassing both dominant bloom-forming species and rare taxa. Our panel of markers to detect sexual reproduction in natural environments paves the road to better understand the interplay between endogenous and environmental controls of this pivotal process, essential for the diatoms' evolutionary success. Sexual reproduction ; Diatom ; Reproduction ; Transcriptome ; Asexual reproduction ; Genome ; Gene Diatoms and Algae Research ; Protist diversity and phylogeny ; Algal biology and biofuel production
Authors: Nicola M. Pugno
Source: Advanced Functional Materials (article, 2025-01-07)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Super‐Tough Silk: The Potential of Knots in Evolved Spiders Abstract Spider silk is renowned for its exceptional mechanical properties, combining low density with high tensile strength and high extensibility and thus very high toughness modulus ( t ., i.e., dissipated energy per unit mass). However, the potential toughness of spider silk can be significantly enhanced if spiders evolved the ‐currently absent/undiscovered‐ ability to tie knots in their silk. This advancement will allow for a new level of gigantic toughness ( T ) revealing today “hidden toughness”, mimicking human engineering techniques and in particular a related proposal by the author used for realizing the world's toughest fibers. Indeed, knotting can provide additional energy dissipation via friction, enabling spiders to construct webs and traps with unprecedented efficiency. To quantify this scenario, the author calculates the gigantic toughness of 393 real spiders virtually assumed with evolving knot‐making behaviors, showing toughness gain ( G = T / t ) of about one or two orders of magnitude. The resulting “super‐tough silk” can benefit spiders in their natural habitats and suggests a new perspective on how knotting can serve as a key innovation in spider evolution and in Biology in general. Materials science ; SILK ; Polymer science ; Nanotechnology ; Composite material Silk-based biomaterials and applications ; Adhesion, Friction, and Surface Interactions
Authors: Przemysław Łopato | Michał Herbko | Grzegorz Psuj | András Kovács | Ulrich Mescheder
Source: Open Engineering (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Tunable terahertz metasurface based on a modified Jerusalem cross for thin dielectric film evaluation Abstract This article introduces a new terahertz metasurface based on a modified Jerusalem cross. The geometry of the basic structural element is modified, depending on its position in the matrix. The dimension change varies linearly in both orthogonal x and y directions, allowing for smooth resonant frequency tuning as a function of matrix position. The proposed layout enables the tuning of the resonant frequency within the range of 0.44–1.24 THz. The proposed structure consists of three layers: silicon, thin film silicon dioxide, and thin film aluminum. A numerical analysis is performed for the designed metasurface, followed by microtechnology-based fabrication and experimental validation of optimized terahertz metasurfaces. Good agreement of simulated and measured results is obtained. The proposed tunable structure may apply to the evaluation of thin dielectric films. Terahertz radiation ; Dielectric ; Materials science ; Thin film ; Materials processing ; Optoelectronics ; Optics ; Engineering physics ; Nanotechnology ; Physics ; Engineering ; Process engineering Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Antenna Design and Analysis
Authors: Ikechukwu Iloh Udema
Source: International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies (article, 2025-06-23)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Methodological fallacy in proton mass radius determination: Alternative classical approach based on Einstein’s mass-energy equivalence principle No equations led to in which both sides of the equation are dimensionally at odds. It is appropriate to dare challenge the flaw in the procedure that produced 0.55 fm as the mass radius with many models and solutions because the charge radius and, more recently, the proton's mass radius are inconsistent. Results were generated through theoretical and computational methods. The mass radii of protons were between 1.019699 and 1.10254513 fm; the sum of mass radii of up and down quarks was 0.8349190666 fm; the mass of the hypothetical particle was 8.911586959 exp. (−32) kg; mass radii of up and down quarks were 0.5881268197 and 0.246803591 fm, respectively; the mass radius of an electron was 0.06278280228 fm; and nucleon size–based radii of the electron are 0.08993727541 and 0.09001990394 fm, corresponding to the proton and nucleon, respectively. The idea that the charge radii may represent the mass radii of quarks is supported by the total (0.8349190759 fm) of the radii of up and down quarks in this research. The new model equation for calculating the mass radii of the electron and proton is supported by the mass radius of the electron, which is provided by , where proton mass radius, = 1.10254513 fm. Since , 0.55 fm was a fabrication. It is almost half of 1.10254513 fm and was used to support the false claim that the proton charge radius equals its limit of spatial expansion thereby invalidating Bohr’ radius. PACS Number: 20.00.00; 21.10.Ft; 14.20.Dh. Fallacy ; Einstein ; Equivalence (formal languages) ; Equivalence principle (geometric) ; Physics ; Theoretical physics ; RADIUS ; Mathematical physics ; Mathematics ; Philosophy ; Classical mechanics ; Epistemology ; Pure mathematics ; Computer science Molecular spectroscopy and chirality
Authors: Seung Young Lee | Jae-Hyuk Han | Hyeok-Jin Bak | Su-Kyung Ha | Hyun‐Sook Lee | Gileung Lee | Jae‐Ryoung Park | Kyeongmin Kang | Jung Pil Suh | Mina Jin | Ji‐Ung Jeung | Youngjun Mo
Source: Plant Breeding and Biotechnology (article, 2025-05-21)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Machine Learning-Based Heading Date QTL Detection in Rice Seung Young Lee, Jae-Hyuk Han, Hyeok-Jin Bak, Su-Kyung Ha, Hyun-Sook Lee, Gileung Lee, Jae-Ryoung Park, Kyeongmin Kang, Jung-Pil Suh, Mina Jin, Ji-Ung Jeung, and Youngjun Mo. Plant Breed. Biotech. 2025;13:108-18. https://doi.org/10.9787/PBB.2025.13.108 Heading (navigation) ; Biology ; Quantitative trait locus ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer science ; Genetics ; Gene ; Engineering Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; GABA and Rice Research ; Smart Agriculture and AI
Authors: Yulduzkhon Tukhtaboeva | Elena Krivina | Vera V. Redkina | Aleksey Portnov | Maria A. Sinetova | А. Д. Темралеева
Source: PhytoKeys (article, 2025-11-07)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Species delimitation in the genus Klebsormidium (Klebsormidiophyceae, Charophyta), including description of Klebsormidium mirabile sp. nov. with high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids The genus <i>Klebsormidium</i> is a cosmopolitan filamentous alga that belongs to the phylum Charophyta and inhabits a wide range of environments, primarily freshwater, soil, and aerial habitats. Its basal position on the Streptophyta phylogenetic tree, widespread distribution and significant functional role make the genus <i>Klebsormidium</i> an important object for phycological research. To advance the molecular phylogeny of <i>Klebsormidium</i>, we conducted the first comparative evaluation of six species delimitation methods - ASAP (Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning), LocMin (Local Minima), KoT (K over Theta), GMYC (Generalized mixed Yule-coalescent), mlPTP (Poisson Tree Process with Maximum Likelihood), and bPTP (Poisson Tree Process with Bayesian inference) - using <i>rbc</i>L and concatenated ITS2-<i>rbc</i>L fragments. The accuracy of these methods was further validated against molecular, morphological, and ecological data. According to an integrative approach, <i>Klebsormidium mirabile</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> was proposed as a new charophyte species from soil of the Fergana Valley, Uzbekistan. In addition, a study on the fatty acid composition showed that the authentic strain VKM Al-436 of this new species of <i>Klebsormidium</i> is a potential source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including linoleic, α-linolenic, and hexadecatrienoic acids. Phylogenetic tree ; Genus ; Polyunsaturated fatty acid ; Phylogenetics ; Taxonomy (biology) ; Phylum Diatoms and Algae Research ; Algal biology and biofuel production ; Protist diversity and phylogeny
Authors: Zhiwei Wang | Yongzhong Zhu | Jun Chen | Wenxuan Xie
Source: Photonics (article, 2025-08-15)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Generation of Four-Channel Multi-Polarization Bessel Vortex Beams with Equal Divergence Angle Based on Co-Aperture Metasurface This paper proposes a co-aperture reflective metasurface that successfully generates four-channel Bessel vortex beams with equal divergence angle in both Ka and Ku bands. Initially, a frequency-selective surface (FSS) is employed to suppress inter-unit crosstalk. Subsequently, modified cross-dipole metasurface units are implemented using spin-decoupling theory to achieve independent multi-polarization control. Through theoretical calculation-based divergence angle engineering, the dual-concentric-disk structure integrated with multi-polarization control demonstrates enhanced aperture utilization efficiency compared to conventional partitioning strategies, yielding high-purity equal-divergence-angle Bessel vortex beams across multiple modes. Finally, experiments on the metasurface fabricated via printed circuit board (PCB) technology verify that the design simultaneously generates x-polarization +1 mode and y-polarization +2 mode equal divergence angle Bessel vortex beams in the Ku band and ±3 mode beams in the Ka band. Vortex beam divergence angles remain stable at 9° ± 0.5° under diverse polarization states and modes, with modal purity reaching 65–80% at the main radiation direction. This work provides a straightforward implementation method for generating equal-divergence-angle vortex beams applicable to Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) multimode multiplexing and vortex wave detection. Optics ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Vortex ; Optical vortex ; Bessel function ; Physics ; Divergence (linguistics) ; Aperture (computer memory) ; Materials science ; Beam (structure) Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies
Authors: P. Christian Simo | Annika Mildner | D. P. Kern | Monika Fleischer
Source: Small Science (article, 2025-01-16)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Dipole Determination by Polarimetric Spectroscopy Yielding the Orientation of Gold Nanorods Plasmonic nanorods and other colloidal nanoparticles are widely used probes for enhanced spectromicroscopies. Precise knowledge of the angular orientation of individual nanostructures, respectively of their resonant modes, is required for purposes such as chiroptical spectroscopy or metasurfaces. However, noninvasive measurements of structures below the diffraction limit prove to be challenging. In this article, dark-field spectroscopy requiring only four spectra in a simple microscope setup with a polarizer and an analyzer is employed in combination with an analytical dipole model to extract the orientation of the longitudinal dipolar mode of exemplary gold nanorods. This mode coincides with the azimuthal orientation of the colloid, and for irregularly shaped particles it can help to determine their dominant axis. The technique is demonstrated on multiple nanorods with varying aspect ratios. The spectroscopically determined orientations are compared to orientations extracted from electron microscopy images, resulting in standard deviations as low as ±2.4°. The method can be generalized to nanostructures with 3D orientations or multiple resonances. Nanorod ; Spectroscopy ; Materials science ; Plasmon ; Polarizer ; Dipole ; Colloidal gold ; Diffraction ; Discrete dipole approximation ; Optics ; Orientation (vector space) ; Spectrum analyzer ; Polarimetry ; Nanoparticle ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Optoelectronics ; Physics ; Scattering ; Geometry Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Optical Polarization and Ellipsometry