jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Orestis Kontogiannis | Dimitriοs Selianitis | Konstantinos Palikaras | Νatassa Pippa | Stergios Pispas | Efstathios Efstathopoulos | Maria Gazouli
Source: International Journal of Molecular Sciences (article, 2024-10-26)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Chemotherapeutic Drug Delivery Nanoplatform Development: From Physicochemical to Preclinical Evaluation Through this study, the synergistic behavior of small-molecular-weight, amphiphilic surfactant molecules and the triblock copolymer Pluronic 188 was extensively evaluated based on their ability to formulate nanocarriers with novel properties for the delivery of class II and IV (biopharmaceutical classification system) chemotherapeutic compounds. The combination of four different surfactants at multiple weight ratios and twelve initially formulated nanosystems resulted in four hybrid delivery platforms, which were further studied in terms of multiple physicochemical characteristics, as well as their stability in protein-rich media (fetal bovine serum/phosphate-buffer saline). Finally, we obtained a single final nanoformulation that exhibited a high loading capacity (%EE ≥ 75%) and a sustained drug release profile under physiological conditions (model drug methotrexate), without altering the original physicochemical characteristics of the carrier. With a mean hydrodynamic radius (Rh) of less than 70 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.219, and no protein complexation, the system is a suitable candidate for in vivo, intravenous, and/or intramuscular administration. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of both loaded and unloaded carriers were evaluated through the examination of the upregulation or downregulation of apoptosis-related pathways. Multiple conventional 2D and 3D spheroidal conformations were used for these assessments, including HEK293, HCT-116, and MCF-7 cell lines, the results of which stressed the safety and biocompatibility of the empty nanocarrier. Additionally, experiments on <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> were conducted to evaluate the system's in vivo toxicity, focusing on developmental stages, egg-laying behavior, and locomotion. Nanosystems studied in terms of chemotherapeutic encapsulation have mostly focused on the physiochemical aspect of the development of such novel delivery platforms, with only few exceptions proceeding step-by-step from cellular 2D to 3D to in vivo experimentation. The present study offers a holistic view of the behavior of such a novel system, advancing our understanding of the capabilities of polymeric/surfactant-based nanodelivery platforms. Nanocarriers ; In vivo ; Biocompatibility ; Chemistry ; Drug delivery ; Pharmacology ; Cytotoxicity ; Biophysics ; Biochemistry ; In vitro ; Organic chemistry ; Biology Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Advanced Drug Delivery Systems ; Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
Authors: Yuan Gao | Jun Zhang | Pihang Yu | Zhong Liu | Guodong Zhang | Nan Cheng | Rong Wang | Yun‐Ze Long
Source: ChemistrySelect (article, 2024-02-29)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Nanomaterials: A Promising Material for Cardiac Hemostasis Abstract As a pump to supply blood to the body, the heart is one of the essential organs. Cardiac hemostasis is a great challenge due to extremely high blood pressure and the need to stop the bleeding in a minimal time. In recent decades, more convenient, faster, and fewer toxic hemostatic materials have been developed for wound treatment and hemostasis in clinical and emergency situations. Besides, functional nanomaterials with large specific surface areas and high porosity have received extensive attention as hemostatic agents. In this review, we summarize the current status of cardiac hemostasis and the application of hemostatic materials in cardiac hemostasis, then introduce the application of nanomaterials in biomedicine and cardiac surgery. Finally, we discuss the prospects and challenges in the field of cardiac hemostasis. Hemostasis ; Medicine ; Nanomaterials ; Intensive care medicine ; Nanotechnology ; Surgery ; Materials science Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Hemostasis and retained surgical items ; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Wentao Zhang | Tianhao Wang | Ying Zhu | Yanan Gao | Lin Liu | Mengling Li | Liping Zhang
Source: BioResources (article, 2024-01-22)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Fabrication of surface embedded silver cellulose-based flexible transparent electrodes by self-assembly Developing eco-friendly, degradable, and flexible electronic devices using renewable cellulose, such as waste agricultural straw, is increasingly vital. This approach tackles the growing issue of nondegradable electronic waste. In this study, flexible transparent electrodes (FTEs) were created using cellulose from waste corn straw, embedding silver nanowires (AgNWs) networks within the surface layer. This method is suitable for reel-to-reel processing. These sustainable FTEs had high transparency and conductivity, with a film resistance of 45.4 Ω/sq and light transmittance of 86.2% at 550 nm. The “dissolution–regeneration” self-assembly process harnesses cellulose’s hydrogen bond network to stabilize the AgNWs network, providing the FTEs with excellent electromechanical stability. Resistance changes were less than 3% during bending, folding, and 1,000-time cyclic bending tests. Furthermore, these electrodes showed remarkable environmental stability, with only a 2.5% resistance increase after 16 days at room temperature. This research demonstrates a new application for agricultural straw cellulose in flexible electronics, offering a sustainable alternative in electronic materials. Fabrication ; Materials science ; Electrode ; Cellulose ; Nanotechnology ; Composite material ; Surface (topology) ; Optoelectronics ; Chemical engineering ; Engineering Advanced Cellulose Research Studies ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials ; Nanomaterials and Printing Technologies
Authors: Kazumasa Oshima | Masataka Sakamoto | Keigo Tashiro | Masahiro Kishida | Shigeo Satokawa
Source: Journal of the Japan Petroleum Institute (article, 2024-10-31)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Catalytic Aromatization of Rapid Pyrolysis Gas of Low-density Polyethylene Using a Tandem Reactor プラスチックのリサイクルを推進するために，LDPE（low-density polyethylene）熱分解ガスから有価物への触媒プロセスについて研究を行った。LDPE熱分解と触媒反応を分けて評価できるタンデム反応器の利点を生かして，芳香族化合物への選択的な触媒転換について検討した。タンデム型反応器を用いてLDPE片を熱分解場に落下させることで急速な熱分解が進行し，比較的再現性の高いパルス状の熱分解生成物を後段の反応器に導入できた。そして，LDPE 熱分解の後段にゼオライト触媒を充填することで，LDPE熱分解で発生した重質炭化水素が分解され，さらに芳香族炭化水素（ベンゼン · トルエン · キシレン）が生成した。特に，Beta型ゼオライトとMFI型ゼオライトが相対的に高い芳香族収率を示した。一方で，Na交換ゼオライトは分解活性を示さなかったことから，芳香族炭化水素の生成には強い酸点が必要であることが分かった。さらに，分解温度よりも十分に高い600 ℃でLDPEを高速で熱分解することが有効であり，また触媒反応にも600 ℃の反応温度が有効であることが分かった。タンデム型反応器での30回のLDPE導入実験でも安定した芳香族炭化水素の生成を確認した。スケールアップなどの技術的課題は残っているものの，プラスチックリサイクルにおける基礎的な知見を得ることができた。 Aromatization ; Catalysis ; Tandem ; Pyrolysis ; Chemistry ; Chemical engineering ; Polyethylene ; Organic chemistry ; Materials science ; Composite material Polymer crystallization and properties ; Fiber-reinforced polymer composites ; Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies
Authors: Bill Fan | Jacob Roulier | Gina Olson
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-10-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A Fast and Model Based Approach for Evaluating Task-Competence of Antagonistic Continuum Arms Soft robot arms have made significant progress towards completing human-scale tasks, but designing arms for tasks with specific load and workspace requirements remains difficult. A key challenge is the lack of model-based design tools, forcing advancement to occur through empirical iteration and observation. Existing models are focused on control and rely on parameter fits, which means they cannot provide general conclusions about the mapping between design and performance or the influence of factors outside the fitting data.As a first step toward model-based design tools, we introduce a novel method of analyzing whether a proposed arm design can complete desired tasks. Our method is informative, interpretable, and fast; it provides novel metrics for quantifying a proposed arm design's ability to perform a task, it yields a graphical interpretation of performance through segment forces, and computing it is over 80x faster than optimization based methods.Our formulation focuses on antagonistic, pneumatically-driven soft arms. We demonstrate our approach through example analysis, and also through consideration of antagonistic vs non-antagonistic designs. Our method enables fast, direct and task-specific comparison of these two architectures, and provides a new visualization of the comparative mechanics. While only a first step, the proposed approach will support advancement of model-based design tools, leading to highly capable soft arms. Competence (human resources) ; Computer science ; Psychology ; Social psychology High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Electromagnetic Launch and Propulsion Technology ; Mechanics and Biomechanics Studies
Authors: Tadimarri Shaik Ghouse Basha | J.Bhavani | J.Sai Sri | G. Nikhitha
Source: Fuzzy Systems and Soft Computing (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

THERMOELECTRIC WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM FOR ELECTRICAL ENERGY GENERATION The conversion of electrical device waste into usable electrical energy is a growing area of interest in sustainable technology and energy recovery. This process aims to mitigate energy loss, reduce environmental impact, and promote the efficient use of resources by reclaiming or recycling energy from discarded electrical devices. Various methods, such as regenerative braking systems, energy harvesting from waste heat, piezoelectric devices, and microbial fuel cells, offer innovative solutions for recovering energy from waste materials. Additionally, e-waste recycling and biogas power plants contribute by repurposing electronic waste and organic materials into usable energy. These technologies provide viable alternatives for harvesting energy from waste, enhancing the sustainability of electrical devices, and contributing to a circular economy. This paper explores the potential of these energy conversion techniques, their applications, and their role in transforming discarded materials into valuable energy sources. Human labor has decreased as a result of technological advancements, yet energy consumption has gone up. In this paper, a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) module is used to create electrical energy from waste heat energy. Electricity is produced based on the temperature differential applied to the module. The generated electric potential is practically raised with the aid of a conversion circuit to charge real-time applications. Waste heat recovery unit ; Waste heat ; Thermoelectric effect ; Thermoelectric generator ; Waste management ; Energy recovery ; Electric potential energy ; Heat energy ; Environmental science ; Heat recovery ventilation ; Materials science ; Process engineering ; Nuclear engineering ; Energy (signal processing) ; Mechanical engineering ; Engineering ; Thermodynamics ; Heat exchanger ; Physics Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices
Authors: M Pierre | Karen David | Nyimi Bushabu Fidèle | Panoumvita Kapamona | Nsudila Mpoyi Monique | Tubanza Mulongo Simplot | Sekele Issouradi-Bourley Jean-Paul | Mantshumba Milolo Augustin | Kalala Kazadi Em | Mabela Rosti | M. Sylvain | Dan Wang
Source: Open Journal of Statistics (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Practical Use of the Subjective Mathematical Model of Bayes and Its External Validation in Dental Medicine &amp; Dentistry Objective: Our study aims to validate the subjective Bayes mathematical model using the mathematical model of logistic regression. Expert systems are being utilized increasingly in medical fields for the purposes of assisting diagnosis and treatment planning in Dentistry. Existing systems used few symptoms for dental diagnosis. In Dentistry, few symptoms are not enough for diagnosis. In this research, a conditional probability model (Bayes rule) was developed with increased number of symptoms associated with a disease for diagnosis. A test set of recurrent cases was then used to test the diagnostic capacity of the system. The generated diagnosis matched that of the human experts. The system was also tested for its capacity to handle uncommon dental diseases and the system portrayed useful potential. Method: The study used the Subjective Mathematical Bayes Model (SBM) approach and employed Logistic Regression Mathematical Model (LMR) techniques. The external validation of the subjective mathematical Bayes model (MSB) concerns the real cases of 625 patients who developed alveolar osteitis (OA). We propose strategies for reproducibility and reporting standards, outlining an updated WAMBS (when to Worry and how to Avoid the Misuse of Bayesian Statistics) checklist. Finally, we outline the impact of Bayesian analysis Logistic Regression Mathematical Model (LMR) techniques and on artificial intelligence, a major goal in the next decade. Results: The internal validation had identified seven (7) etiological factors of OA, which will be compared to the cases of MRL, for the external validation which retained six (6) etiological factors of OA. The experts in the internal validation of the MSB had generated 40 cases of OA and a COP of (0.5), which will be compared to the MRL that collected 625 real cases of OA to produce a Cop of (0.6) in the external validation, which discriminates between healthy patients (Se) and sick patients (Sp). Compared to real cases and the logistic regression model, the Bayesian model is efficient and its validity is established. Bayes' theorem ; Dentistry ; Computer science ; Medicine ; Orthodontics ; Mathematics ; Statistics ; Bayesian probability ; Artificial intelligence Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Advanced Statistical Process Monitoring
Authors: Saida Mamatkulova | Rano Berdyeva | Irodakhon Obidova | Maftuna Khoshimova | Malohat Rakhmonova | Bekzod Mominov
Source: E3S Web of Conferences (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

RETRACTED: The significance of creating embroidery patterns from art decoration techniques in the field of sewing - knitting See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538 , 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001 Field (mathematics) ; Engineering drawing ; Engineering ; Visual arts ; Art ; Mathematics Textile materials and evaluations ; Fashion and Cultural Textiles ; Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
Authors: Antonio Formisano | Massimo Durante
Source: Preprints.org (review, 2024-10-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

A Comprehensive Review on the Incremental Forming of Polycarbonate Sheets The incremental sheet forming is born as an excellent alternative to other material forming pro-cedures to deform incrementally flat metal sheets into the preferred complex three-dimensional profile. The main characteristics of this process are its versatility and cost-effectiveness; in addition, it allows for reaching greater formability, compared to conventional sheet forming processes. Re-cently, its use has been extended to polymers and composites. The following review aims to present the current state of the art of the incremental sheet forming of polycarbonate, an outstanding en-gineering plastic, starting from the first studies on the feasibility of this process applied to polymers. Attention is given to the advantages, drawbacks and main applications of the incrementally formed polycarbonate sheets, as well as the influence of the process parameters and the toolpath strategies on features like formability, forming forces, deformation and failure mechanisms, geometric accu-racy, surface quality, etc. Moreover, new hybrid forming methods for process optimization are presented. Finally, a discussion is provided on the technical challenges and research directions for incremental sheet forming of polycarbonate, and more generally thermoplastics, in the future. Therefore, this review aims to offer an extensive overview of the incremental forming of polycar-bonate sheets, useful to academic and industrial researchers who work on this topic. Polycarbonate ; Materials science ; Composite material Textile materials and evaluations ; Material Properties and Processing
Authors: Saida Mamatkulova | Shakhlo Tursumatova | Makhmudjon Turdiyev | Manzura Abdurakhimova | Makhmudjon Abdullayev | Rano Berdiyeva
Source: E3S Web of Conferences (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

RETRACTED: Research of materials for clothing in the production of various sewing products See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538 , 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001 Clothing ; Production (economics) ; Sewing machine ; Manufacturing engineering ; Business ; Engineering ; Mechanical engineering ; History ; Economics Textile materials and evaluations ; Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies ; Advanced Theoretical and Applied Studies in Material Sciences and Geometry
Authors: Gourab Basu Choudhury | Saumen Datta
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2024-01-05)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Implication of structural constrains facilitating the functional evolution of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> KPR2 into a versatile α-keto acid reductase Abstract Protein structure and function dynamics in molecular evolution are intertwined. Theoretical concepts linking structure, function, and evolution of a protein, while often intuitive, necessitate validation through investigations in real-world systems. Our study empirically explores the implications of multiple panE2 gene copies in an organism, shedding light on the functional roles and evolutionary trajectories of Pseudomonas aeruginosa’s second copy of Ketopantoate reductase (PaKPR2) and its inactivity against the natural substrate Ketopantoate. Evolutionary changes in functional traits were examined around the active site through crystal structures and biochemical analysis. Primarily, apoKPR2 structures reveal a transformed active site cleft, forming a two-sided pocket, while substrate entry is regulated by a molecular gate. Despite cleft closure, molecular interaction properties and activity analysis of PaKPR2 suggest that it can be a versatile keto-acid reductase. However, detailed structural insights from the ligand-bound binary complex of PaKPR2-NADPH and PaKPR2-Ketoisoleucine reveal that the ligand-binding interactions at the active site are conserved and restricted to the molecules of appropriate shape and size that can be accommodated in the available space. Finally, a ternary complex structure, PaKPR2-NADP+-KIC, was solved to understand its functional evolution in terms of the residue microenvironment at the catalytic site. Collectively, the results give detailed visual experiences of different structural perspectives of the protein’s functional evolution. Active site ; Function (biology) ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Ligand (biochemistry) ; Biology ; Computational biology ; Evolutionary biology ; Enzyme ; Biochemistry ; Genetics ; Bacteria ; Receptor Enzyme Structure and Function ; Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology ; Protein Structure and Dynamics
Authors: Jingjing Guo | Ying Zhang | Jun Wang | Jianjian Zheng | Shi Zhang | Ruilong Li | Han Xiao | Geng Wu | Xiao‐Cheng Liu | Yang Mu | Xun Hong
Source: Nano Research (article, 2024-06-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Phase-engineered coordinatively unsaturated metal sites in spinel oxides for robust Fenton-like catalysis Coordinatively unsaturated metal sites (CUS) located at tetrahedral (T<sub>d</sub>) in spinel structure are highly effective for activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) in Fenton-like catalysis. However, the conventional T<sub>d</sub>-octahedral (O<sub>h</sub>) connectivity in spinel structures restricts internal electron transfer, limiting the regeneration of low-valent metals and creating a trade-off between catalytic activity and long-term stability. Herein, we address this challenge by engineering a novel T<sub>d</sub>-T<sub>d</sub> connectivity in amorphous CoFeO<sub>x</sub> nanosheets (a-CoFeO<sub>x</sub> NSs). Soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (sXAS) measurements reveals that in a-CoFeO<sub>x</sub> nanosheets, the ligand field symmetry around Co atoms is dominated by a T<sub>d</sub> coordination, in contrast to the octahedral (O<sub>h</sub>) coordination in the crystalline state, which introduces T<sub>d</sub>-T<sub>d</sub> connection. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm that the T<sub>d</sub>-T<sub>d</sub> connection in a-CoFeO<sub>x</sub> structure significantly strengthen electron transfer to activate PMS, which exhibited a first-order kinetic constant (k<sub>obs</sub>) of 0.27 min<sup>-1</sup> for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal with high stability. This study reveals that the phase-engineered CUS can further enhance catalytic activity and provides a simple and scalable strategy for optimizing spinel-type catalysts. Spinel ; Catalysis ; Phase (matter) ; Metal ; Materials science ; Chemical engineering ; Chemistry ; Metallurgy ; Organic chemistry Catalytic Processes in Materials Science ; Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion ; Nanomaterials for catalytic reactions
Authors: Tae-Gun Noh | Jun Hyun Kim | Mijeong Kang | Tae‐Ho Lee | Myung Yung Jeong
Source: Advanced Functional Materials (article, 2024-06-27)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Efficient Fabrication of Plasmonic Nanostructures Using Chloroform‐Mediated Heterogeneous Bonding Abstract Plasmonic nanostructures (PNs) have transformed nanophotonics by offering control over electromagnetic waves. Although innovative structural designs have demonstrated PNs' potential, significant fabrication challenges, including the precise alignment of heterogeneous materials, remain. Using chloroform and pre‐UV exposure (PUVE) to enhance adhesion at the metal‐dielectric interface (MDI) addresses these challenges. PUVE preserves plasmon resonance in the MDI, ensuring high performance without compromising structural integrity. Through an annealing process, PUVE strengthens van der Waals bonds, ensuring chloroform molecules remain on the Ag surface during chloroform residue removal, allowing: i) stable preservation of the Ag thin film on the PNs during stripping; and ii) the formation of chloroform‐mediated heterogeneous bonding (CMHB) using energy supplied by UV‐nanoimprint lithography (UV‐NIL). This approach enables PNs' scalable fabrication with enhanced adhesion properties, while CMHB increases adhesion between the UV‐curable resin and Ag, offering scalability to large‐area applications with UV‐NIL. The structural morphology and chemical properties of the fabricated PNs are analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, energy‐dispersive spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. These PNs demonstrate potential in CCD filters, enhancing optical signal amplification for real‐time imaging at the 785 nm band. This robust fabrication method advances PNs' performance and scalability, advancing nanophotonics and related applications. Materials science ; Fabrication ; Nanostructure ; Plasmon ; Nanotechnology ; Chloroform ; Optoelectronics ; Organic chemistry Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Photonic Crystals and Applications