jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Kai Zhang | Yitian Jiang | Hao Wang | Xin Cheng | Yeyun Zhao | Xin Zhao | Tao Wang | Bin Tong | Peng Sun | Zhengxu Cai | Yu Dong
Source: ChemRxiv (article, 2026-04-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Host–Guest Engineered Pure Organic Phosphorescent Proteins for Long-Persistent Bioimaging and Photocatalytic Controlled Radical Polymerization Room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in proteins is exceptionally rare due to efficient quenching of triplet excitons in aqueous and biological environments. Here, we report a general supramolecular strategy to engineer phosphorescent proteins by embedding organic phosphors within protein scaffolds via host–guest interactions, where the confined microenvironment suppresses nonradiative decay and stabilizes triplet states, enabling bright and long-lived phosphorescence in both the solid state and aqueous media. The stabilized triplet excitons further endow these phosphorescent proteins with photocatalytic activity, allowing them to serve as efficient photosensitizers for photoinduced electron transfer-mediated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization in water, exhibiting excellent temporal control, predictable molecular weights, and narrow dispersities, with mechanistic studies supporting an electron-transfer pathway. Moreover, these systems enable polymerization-induced self-assembly to generate vesicular structures that encapsulate the photoactive proteins while retaining persistent afterglow emission, thereby integrating cellular-like compartmentalization with intrinsic optical traceability. This work establishes a versatile supramolecular route to RTP proteins and expands protein–phosphor assemblies toward artificial phosphorescent cells and light-driven biochemical systems. Phosphorescence ; Supramolecular chemistry ; Aqueous solution ; Polymerization ; Photocatalysis ; Fluorescence ; Quenching (fluorescence) ; Triplet state Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials ; Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials ; Polydiacetylene-based materials and applications
Authors: Komal Pandey | Baljeet Singh Saharan | Y. Premkumar Singh | Pardeep Kumar Sadh | Joginder Singh Duhan | Dilfuza Jabborova
Source: Journal of Xenobiotics (article, 2026-01-06)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Biodegradable Innovations: Harnessing Agriculture for Eco-Friendly Plastics Agricultural biomass has potential as a renewable and versatile carbon feedstock for developing eco-friendly and biodegradable polymers capable of replacing conventional petrochemical plastics. To address the growing environmental concerns associated with plastic waste and carbon emissions, lignocellulosic residues, edible crop by-products, and algal biomass were utilized as sustainable raw materials. These biomasses provided carbohydrate-, lipid-, and lignin-rich fractions that were deconstructed through optimised physical, chemical, and enzymatic pretreatments to yield fermentable intermediates, such as reducing sugars, organic acids, and fatty acids. The intermediates were subsequently converted through tailored microbial fermentation processes into biopolymer precursors, primarily polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and lactate-based monomers. The resulting monomers underwent polymerization via polycondensation and ring-opening reactions to produce high-performance biodegradable plastics with tunable structural and mechanical properties. Additionally, the direct extraction and modification of naturally occurring polymers, such as starch, cellulose, and lignin, were explored to develop blended and functionalized bioplastic formulations. Comparative evaluation revealed that these biomass-derived polymers possess favourable physical strength, thermal stability, and biodegradability under composting conditions. Life-cycle evaluation further indicated a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and improved carbon recycling compared to fossil-derived counterparts. The study demonstrates that integrating agricultural residues into bioplastic production not only enhances waste valorization and rural bioeconomy but also supports sustainable material innovation for packaging, farming, and consumer goods industries. These findings position agriculture-based biodegradable polymers as a critical component of circular bioeconomy strategies, contributing to reduced plastic pollution and improved environmental sustainability. Bioplastic ; Biomass (ecology) ; Petrochemical ; Raw material ; Biodegradation ; Biopolymer ; Environmentally friendly ; Environmental pollution ; Renewable resource biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties ; Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Yanan Guo | Zihui Ye | Yuchen Cui | Xiaoqi Liu | Yinjie Chen | Yuqi Tang | Ruochen Lan | Quan Li
Source: Small (article, 2026-01-12)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Dual Mode Circularly Polarized Luminescence Enabled by Spray Deposition Quantum Dots on a Porous Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Template Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials show great potential for applications in sensing, detection, information storage, 3D displays, and beyond. For practical use, mechanical robustness and long-term stability are essential. In this study, a porous cholesteric liquid crystal polymer network (porous CLCN) is fabricated as a chiral template. The porous structure allows for the infusion of fluorescent quantum dots (QDs). By selectively spraying a QD dispersion onto the template surface, arbitrary fluorescent patterns can be encoded into the CLCN film. The combination of the chiral polymer network template and fluorescent QDs enables the fabrication of a CPL film with on-demand information encryption capability. Since the QDs are deposited on only one side of the CLCN film, the resulting composite exhibits distinct CPL signals when observed from the front and rear, functioning as a "Janus" CPL film with dual-mode information encryption. As a result, the dissymmetry factor (g<sub>lum</sub>) values for the front and rear sides of a single film are opposite, measuring -0.484 and 0.350, respectively. More importantly, the CPL film composed of a densely cross-linked polymer network and inorganic QDs demonstrates superior stability and mechanical strength, highlighting its advantages for real-world applications. Quantum dot ; Luminescence ; Fluorescence ; Polymer ; Fabrication ; Cholesteric liquid crystal ; Porosity ; Composite number ; Nanoparticle Synthesis and Properties of Aromatic Compounds ; Liquid Crystal Research Advancements ; Magnetism in coordination complexes
Authors: Hatice Sıçramaz
Source: Polymers (article, 2026-03-15)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Structure–Mechanical Relationships in Alginate–Chitosan Polymer Composites Alginate-chitosan composites are widely used bio-based materials due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and relatively simple processing methods. By combining the complementary properties of alginate and chitosan, these systems offer adjustable mechanical characteristics suitable for applications such as tissue engineering, wound healing, drug delivery, and sustainable packaging. However, although many studies report improved mechanical properties, the link between structural design and mechanical behavior is often discussed within specific applications rather than examined in a broader context. This review focuses on how polymer ratio, charge balance, crosslinking strategy, reinforcement approach, and processing conditions influence the mechanical properties of alginate-chitosan composites. Instead of considering these factors separately, the available studies are discussed in terms of how the internal structure of the composite affects stiffness, strength, deformability, and stability. This review brings together findings from various fields to highlight shared structure-mechanical relationships and to provide guidance for designing alginate-chitosan composites with specific mechanical properties. Composite number ; Polymer ; Reinforcement ; Mechanical strength ; Advanced composite materials Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Advanced Cellulose Research Studies ; Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
Authors: Piyapan Manklinniam | Weerawat Pornroongruengchok | Saranya Phunpruch | Adisorn Phaepilin | Grissana Pook-In | Atchariya Yosboonruang | S Wonglee | Piyanud Thongjerm | Worakrit Worananthakij
Source: Nanomaterials (article, 2026-03-06)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Microwave-Assisted Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Chlorella sp. for Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Effects of Breast Cancer Cell Line Microwave-assisted biosynthesis using marine <i>Chlorella</i> sp. extracts provides a green and efficient route for the production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Compared with the conventional method (24 h), microwave-assisted synthesis reduces the reaction time to less than 7 min while producing smaller and more uniformly distributed nanoparticles. AgNPs were synthesized using extracts obtained with different solvents and directly compared with those produced via the conventional method to substantiate the efficiency of the microwave-assisted approach. UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed rapid nanoparticle formation, exhibiting surface plasmon resonance peaks in the range of 405 to 427 nm. TEM analysis revealed predominantly spherical AgNPs with particle sizes of approximately 10 to 20 nm. The XRD and FTIR analyses confirmed their crystalline structure and stabilization by algal-derived functional groups. The biological activities of the AgNPs were dependent on the extraction solvent. AgNPs synthesized using hexane extracts exhibited pronounced antibacterial activity, achieving minimum inhibitory concentrations as low as 0.31 µg/mL. In addition, the AgNP induced concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects in human breast cancer cell lines. IC<sub>50</sub> values, determined via dose-response analysis, ranged from 0.18 to 0.67 μg/mL in MDA-MB-231 cells and 1.70 to 8.42 μg/mL in MCF-7 cells. These results indicate a potent cytotoxic profile, with MDA-MB-231 cells exhibiting significantly higher sensitivity to the microwave-assisted formulations. Collectively, these findings highlight microwave-assisted algal-mediated biosynthesis as a sustainable and effective platform for generating bioactive AgNPs with promising antibacterial and anticancer potential. Silver nanoparticle ; Cytotoxicity ; Biosynthesis ; Surface plasmon resonance ; Antibacterial activity ; Nanoparticle ; Chlorella vulgaris ; Human breast ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Algal biology and biofuel production ; Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Andreas Ratzenböck
Source: University of Regensburg Publication Server (University of Regensburg) (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Photocatalytic and Lewis Acid-Mediated Transformations of Cyclopropanes: Towards Bicyclic Endoperoxides and Lactams This dissertation presents innovative strategies for the transformation of cyclopropanes into complex bicyclic structures containing oxygen and nitrogen, using visible-light photocatalysis and Lewis acid catalysis. The first part of the work explores the synthesis of endoperoxides from cyclopropanated indenes using visible-light activation and acridinium-based organic photocatalysts. By introducing a novel phosphoric acid counteranion, the photocatalytic ring-expansion could be significantly optimized, leading to yields of up to 80% while maintaining stereoselectivity. The resulting endoperoxides are of interest due to their structural similarity to antimalarial agents like Artemisinin, highlighting their potential as leads in drug development. In another part, donor–acceptor-substituted cyclopropanes were subjected to a Lewis acid-mediated ring-opening followed by a cyclization cascade with thioureas. This process led to the formation of fused bicyclic lactam structures such as furo-, pyrano-, and pyrrololactams, which are motifs commonly found in biologically active natural products. Mild reaction conditions, good substrate scope, and mechanistic insights demonstrate the synthetic utility of the method. The work underlines the versatility of cyclopropanes as building blocks in organic synthesis and contributes to the advancement of environmentally friendly approaches for the construction of complex molecules with pharmacological relevance. Bicyclic molecule ; Lewis acids and bases ; Photocatalysis ; Organic synthesis ; Substrate (aquarium) ; Phosphoric acid ; Reactivity (psychology) ; Decomposition Cyclopropane Reaction Mechanisms ; Radical Photochemical Reactions ; Catalytic C–H Functionalization Methods
Authors: Yan-Hua Zhao | Le-Cheng Wang | Xiao-Feng Wu
Source: Chemical Science (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Controllable copper-catalysed photo-induced carbonylative cyclization to access dihydroquinolinones and oxindoles Oxindoles and dihydroquinolinones are pivotal heterocyclic scaffolds in medicinal and synthetic chemistry. Herein, we describe a controllable visible-light-induced, copper-catalyzed carbonylative cyclization of arylthianthrenium salts with alkenes, enabling the efficient synthesis of structurally diverse oxindoles and dihydroquinolinones. Notably, this transformation proceeds under mild conditions without the need for expensive photocatalysts, and regioselective acyl radical addition is achieved simply by tuning the substitution pattern of the alkene, which enables the switchable synthesis of carbonylated five- and six-membered heterocycles. Mechanistic studies indicate that blue-light irradiation promotes the copper-mediated reduction of arylthianthrenium salts, generating aryl radicals that subsequently capture CO to afford acyl radicals and initiate a tandem cyclization sequence. This method exhibits broad functional-group tolerance and offers a versatile platform for the late-stage functionalization of bioactive molecules. Radical ; Tandem ; Regioselectivity ; Aryl ; Cascade reaction ; Carbonylation ; Surface modification Catalytic C–H Functionalization Methods ; Radical Photochemical Reactions ; Catalytic Cross-Coupling Reactions
Authors: Weiwen Zhuang | Farshad Shiri | Faan-Fung Hung | Zhen Wang | Dongdong Zhang | Lian Duan | Chi-Ming Che | Zhenyang Lin | Junzhi Liu
Source: Journal of the American Chemical Society (article, 2026-03-17)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Facile Synthesis of Nonalternant π-Conjugated Azaborines via Boron-Deleting Annulation Skeletal editing of aza-heteroarenes has become a powerful strategy for late-stage molecular diversification in medicinal and material chemistry. π-Conjugated azaborines have attracted increasing attention due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties and practical applications in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, ring manipulation of boron-containing rings remains a long-standing challenge, and cascade skeletal editing beyond monocyclic frameworks is largely underdeveloped. Here, we report a boron-deleting annulation (BDA) reaction that enables the transformation of unstrained bicyclic 1,4-azaborines into a diaza-pentagon-heptagon pair in a one-pot reaction, affording a wide array of nonalternant π-conjugated azaborines (>35 examples) with unique optoelectronic properties. This late-stage modification approach thus balances synthetic simplicity with structural diversity and expands the accessible chemical space of functional π-systems for optoelectronic applications. Additionally, the BDA product can trigger consecutive cyclodehydrogenation to zipping-up sophisticated nanographenes via further periphery-to-core extension. Mechanistic studies reveal a series of unprecedented ring contraction-expansion processes. Remarkably, yellow OLEDs based on BDA product achieved a record 23.0% external quantum efficiency without delayed fluorescence, demonstrating the potential for high-performance electroluminescence. Annulation ; Chemical space ; Ring (chemistry) ; OLED ; Bicyclic molecule ; Cascade ; Diode ; Quantum chemical Organoboron and organosilicon chemistry ; Radical Photochemical Reactions ; Synthesis and Properties of Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Shohag Rana | Humaira Rahman Tanjila
Source: Scientia. Technology, science and society. (article, 2026-02-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Structural and Microstructural Characterization of Functional Oxide Materials by XRD and TEM Functional oxide materials represent one of the most versatile classes of compounds in modern materials science, finding wide-ranging applications in electronics, energy storage, catalysis, and sensing technologies. Their performance is intimately linked to their crystal structure, microstructure, and defect distribution, which govern key electronic, optical, and mechanical behaviors. Consequently, accurate characterization of structural and microstructural features is essential to understand structure–property correlations and to guide materials design. Among the various analytical techniques available, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and trans-mission electron microscopy (TEM) have remained the two most indispensable tools for unveiling atomic-scale and crystallo-graphic information in oxides. XRD provides insights into long-range order, phase identification, crystallite size, strain, and tex-ture, while TEM offers direct real-space visualization of grains, interfaces, and lattice defects with atomic resolution. This review critically discusses the principles, recent advances, and practical applications of XRD and TEM in the study of functional oxides such as ZnO, TiO₂, SnO₂, and SrTiO₃. Emphasis is placed on the complementary nature of these techniques and how their combined use enables a comprehensive understanding of structural evolution, defect dynamics, and nano structural organization. Furthermore, emerging trends such as in situ/operando measurements, 4D-STEM, and synchrotron-based diffraction are discussed as transforma-tive approaches for real-time and high-resolution material analysis. The review concludes with perspectives on current challenges and future directions toward integrated, multimodal characterization frameworks for advanced oxide materials. Characterization (materials science) ; Crystallite ; Oxide ; Transmission electron microscopy ; Microstructure ; Crystal structure ; Diffraction Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides ; Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications ; Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
Authors: Hamidu Ahmed | Norsharina Ismail | Ibrahim Malami | Muhammed Mikail | Attahiru Ahmad Rufa'i | Md Zuki Abu Bakar
Source: Results in Chemistry (article, 2026-02-05)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Recent developments aragonite-based calcium carbonate nanoparticles: Advances in synthesis, therapeutic mechanisms, and oncology Calcium carbonate (CaCO3), particularly in its aragonite polymorph is a promising biomaterial for drug delivery systems owing to its low toxicity, pH-responsive behaviour, cost-effectiveness, and intrinsic biocompatibility. This review examines recent advances in the synthesis of CaCO₃ nanoparticles (CaCO₃-NPs), focusing on their role in modulating tumour microenvironments for cancer therapy. We explore various synthesis strategies, including chemical precipitation, gas diffusion, and microemulsion methods, highlighting their effects on nanoparticle size, shape and stability. The therapeutic mechanism of (CaCO₃-NPs), such as calcium ion-induced cytotoxicity, pH responsive drug release, and CO2 production, are discussed in the context of their potential for targeted therapy, immune modulation, and multimodal diagnostics in oncology. Recent developments in CaCO3-based combinatorial nanomedicine are highlighted, including application in chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and multimodal imaging, primarily within preclinical models. In addition, key challenges associated with scalability, reproducibility, regulatory challenges and clinical translation are discussed. This review highlights the translational potential of aragonite-based CaCO3 nanocarriers and outline their potential and limitation as multifunctional platforms for precision oncology. Calcium ; Cancer ; Calcium carbonate Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition ; Enzyme function and inhibition ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
Authors: Mainak Banerjee | B. Shravya | Aboy Chatterji | Shamima Hussain | Amrita Chatterjee
Source: RSC Mechanochemistry (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

High-throughput C–H activation in a bead-beater homogenizer: fast and regioselective access to 2-arylindoles This work demonstrates the utility of a bead-beater homogenizer for high-throughput mechanosynthesis (HTMS), exemplified by Pd( ii )-catalyzed C2-H arylation of indoles in simple polypropylene vials with SS balls, affording products in just 9 min. Mechanosynthesis ; Homogenizer ; Regioselectivity ; Work (physics) ; Bromine Crystallography and molecular interactions ; Supramolecular Chemistry and Complexes ; Axial and Atropisomeric Chirality Synthesis
Authors: Rabih Ajib | Krishnamoorthy Shanmugaraj | Ram Manohar Yadav | Tania P. Brito | Dinesh Pratap Singh
Source: Nanoscale Advances (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Metallic nanoparticles: from biosynthesis to biomedical applications, current scenarios and prospects Metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) have attracted significant interest among researchers since the previous century owing to their vast potential applications in emerging fields such as nanotechnology, nano-optics, nanoengineering, nanoenergy, and biomedicine. The rapidly increasing demand for various MNPs has driven researchers to develop facile, inexpensive, scalable, and sustainable synthesis methods to explore their properties and potential for future applications across different scientific and industrial sectors. Due to their intrinsic physicochemical properties, such as surface plasmon resonance, biocompatibility, and luminescence behavior, MNPs have found numerous biomedical applications. Currently, these materials are synthesized and functionalized with different chemical groups, allowing them to conjugate with ligands, antibodies, and drugs of interest. This enables a wide range of applications in biotechnology, targeted drug delivery, magnetic separation, gene and drug delivery vehicles, and importantly, the diagnosis, imaging, and treatment of cancers. Key factors such as size-dependent melting temperature, surface plasmon resonance-based luminescence, and biocompatibility make MNPs highly valuable in bio-industrial applications. Various imaging modalities such as CT, MRI, SERS, ultrasound (US), and other optical imaging techniques have been developed to aid in disease detection and monitoring at various stages. The development of new biomedical techniques and applications requires a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between MNPs and target cells. This review focuses on different types of metallic nanoparticles, their advanced synthesis strategies such as biogenic approaches in addition to conventional methods, and their up-to-date biomedical applications including early detection, diagnosis, imaging, efficient drug delivery, and cancer therapy. Moreover, their antimicrobial activities against harmful bacteria, viruses, and fungi are discussed in detail. In addition, these nanoparticles are highlighted as optical contrast agents for bioimaging techniques such as SERS, MRI, and computed tomography, as well as for use in biosensors to detect biological molecules. Furthermore, by taking advantages of intriguing properties of various metals, biogenically synthesized bimetallic, mixed metal oxides, bifunctional composites, and graphene-based metal composites, can enhance the performance and need to be explored in future for advanced bio medicinal applications. Current (fluid) ; Field (mathematics) ; Nanobiotechnology ; Nanoparticle Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Laser-Ablation Synthesis of Nanoparticles