jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Sapna Gautam | Deepika Sharma | Alpa Thakur
Source: International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research (article, 2025-11-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Agro-textiles for sustainable agriculture: Materials, manufacturing, applications, and future prospects Agro-textiles are specialized technical fabrics created to improve farming efficiency and boost agricultural production. They play a significant role in crop protection, resource conservation, soil stabilization, and post-harvest management. Utilizing both natural fibers such as jute, coir, hemp, and Grewia optiva (Bhimal), and synthetic polymers like polypropylene and polyester, agro-textiles offer functional benefits including UV protection, moisture retention, and pest control. These textiles are widely employed in horticulture, forestry, aquaculture, and crop production systems, offering solutions to environmental stresses and reducing the need for chemical inputs. Technological advancements in materials engineering, smart textiles, and biodegradable fibers have further improved their performance and sustainability. This review provides an overview of agro-textile materials, manufacturing methods, diverse applications, and emerging trends, while highlighting their environmental implications and future prospects. Sustainable production ; Agriculture ; Production (economics) ; Resource (disambiguation) ; Sustainable agriculture ; Natural resource ; Emerging technologies ; Crop production Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Polymer-Based Agricultural Enhancements ; Lignin and Wood Chemistry
Authors: C. Jeynes | Michael Parker
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2025-10-06)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Unitary Entities Are the True “Atoms” Quantitative Geometrical Thermodynamics (QGT) exploits the entropic Lagrangian-Hamiltonian canonical equations of state as applied to entities obeying the holographic principle and exhibiting Shannon information, the creation of which measures the (validly defined) “entropic purpose” of the system. QGT provides a physical description for what we might consider the true ‘atoms’ of physical science, and has also recently enabled a number of significant advances: including accounting ab initio for the chirality of DNA and the stability of Buckminsterfullerene; the size of the alpha particle (and other nuclear entities) and the lifetime of the free neutron; and the shape, structure and stability of the Milky Way galaxy. All these entities, ranging in size over more than 38 orders of magnitude, can each be considered to be an ‘atom’; in particular, the size of the alpha is calculated from QGT by assuming that the alpha is a “unitary entity” (that is, than which exists no simpler). The surprising conclusion is that clearly compound entities may also be physically treated as unitary (“uncuttable”) according to a principle of scale relativity, where a characteristic size for such an entity must be specified. Since QGT is entropic, and is therefore described using a logarithmic metric (involving hyperbolic space), it is not surprising that the length scale must be specified in order to account for unitary properties and for an entity to be appropriately considered an ‘atom’. The contribution to physics made by QGT is reviewed in the context of the related work of others. Unitary state ; Context (archaeology) ; Stability (learning theory) ; Metric (unit) ; Logarithm ; Work (physics) ; Scale (ratio) History and advancements in chemistry
Authors: Giorgia De Piano | Raffaele Longo | Liberata Guadagno | Roberto Pantani
Source:  (article, 2025-03-07)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Rheological Properties of Functionalized Smart Resins for Transport Applications Hydrogen is a promising alternative to fossil fuels, but its efficient storage presents significant challenges. Polymer composite vessels, especially those made from carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP), are gaining attention, due to their high strength-to-weight ratio for storing compressed or cryogenic hydrogen. The latest Type V tanks, which lack internal liners, rely solely on fiber composites for both structural integrity and gas containment, enhancing the storage volume-to-weight ratio and supporting recycling. However, this linerless design faces the challenge of preventing gas permeation. Epoxy resins, widely used in aerospace carbon fiber-reinforced composites (CFRCs), offer excellent processability and load-bearing capabilities. The addition of high-aspect-ratio nanofillers can enhance the gas barrier properties, which are essential for preventing hydrogen leakage, while also improving the mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of the nanocomposites. This study focuses on epoxy-based composites with expanded graphite, aiming to optimize their physical properties and processing for Type V tanks, using a rheological framework to evaluate their processability and multifunctionality in transport applications. Rheology ; Materials science ; Chemical engineering ; Computer science ; Polymer science ; Composite material ; Engineering Polymer composites and self-healing ; Polymer Foaming and Composites ; Polymer crystallization and properties
Authors: Mariam Bakir | Isabel Abad-Álvaro | Francisco Laborda | Vera I. Slaveykova
Source: NanoImpact (article, 2025-12-16)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Impact of titanium dioxide and cerium dioxide nanoparticle mixtures on the green alga Raphidocelis subcapitata Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) occur as mixtures in the environment, making the study of their combined toxicity more realistic than the assessment of individual NPs. Interactions between NPs can alter toxicity profiles, producing synergistic, antagonistic, or additive effects, yet current environmental assessments often overlook these cocktail effects. This study investigated the effects of titanium dioxide NPs (TiO<sub>2</sub>-NPs) and cerium dioxide NPs (CeO<sub>2</sub>-NPs) mixtures on the green alga Raphidocelis subcapitata compared individual NP exposures. Four mixtures with varying NP ratios were designed based on the toxicity units (TUs) concept and EC₅₀ growth-inhibition values for TiO<sub>2</sub>-NPs of 28.3 ± 1.16 mg L<sup>-1</sup>, and EC<sub>50</sub> for CeO<sub>2</sub>-NPs of 13.6 ± 0.57 mg L<sup>-1</sup>. Growth inhibition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and membrane damage were assessed using flow cytometry (FCM), while uptake was analyzed by single-cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SC-ICP-MS). Single-particle (SP) -ICP-MS distinguished NP size distribution and dissolution in mixtures. Results revealed antagonistic interactions in mixtures, with growth inhibition lower than expected based on individual treatments. The difference between predicted and measured TUs in the mixture treatments, used as a measure for the extent of antagonistic interaction ranged from 0.66 to 1.76. Cells with elevated ROS generation showed a two- to four-fold reduction in the mixtures versus single NP treatments. SC-ICP-MS indicated reduced bioavailability of NPs in mixtures: intracellular TiO₂-NP content decreased from 15.7 to 24.3 fg cell<sup>-1</sup> (single) to 12.9-15.9 fg cell<sup>-1</sup> (mixture), and CeO₂-NP content dropped from 3.6 to 8.6 fg cell<sup>-1</sup> to 2.7-3.8 fg cell<sup>-1</sup>. This study demonstrates the importance of assessing NP mixture toxicity using advanced single-event techniques, such as FCM, SP- and SC-ICP-MS, to discriminate the fate and bioavailability of NPs present in mixtures and to better understand their environmental impacts. Toxicity ; Titanium dioxide ; Dissolution ; Bioavailability ; Nanotoxicology ; Nanoparticle ; Cerium Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis ; Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
Authors: Linus Bjarne Dittmer | Nikolay V. Tkachenko | Martin Head‐Gordon
Source: ChemRxiv (preprint, 2025-06-24)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

The approximate second order coupled-cluster method based on a size-consistent Brillouin-Wigner partitioning We present a variant of the approximate second order coupled-cluster method (CC2) with a two parameter size- consistent Brillouin-Wigner (BW-s) partitioning instead of a Møller-Plesset (MP) partitioning for the unperturbed Hamiltonian, which we refer to as BWs-CC2. The computational complexity of this model scales identically to CC2 with molecular size. Conventional CC2 and its regularized BWs-CC2 variants, as well as conventional MP2 and two of its regularized BW-s2 variants were assessed on a 535 element database spanning thermochemistry, non-covalent interactions, barrier heights and isomerization energies. The assessment was performed using internally stable spin- polarized Hartree-Fock (HF) orbitals in the finite aug-cc-pVQZ basis without counterpoise corrections. Contrary to conventional wisdom, we find that CC2 substantially outperforms MP2 on molecules, showing the value of its single substitutions. While no single choice of regularization parameters can be optimal for all datasets, we find that BWs- CC2 generally outperforms both CC2, and BW-s2 with a single judicious parameter choice. Additional tests on dipole moments and bond-lengths of diatomics provide further support for the utility of this choice. The main outliers and poorest performing cases are associated with large amounts of spin-contamination in the HF reference, which is indicative of systems with either strong correlation or extensive artificial symmetry breaking. Overall, these findings argue that the perception of the quality of the CC2 ground state should be reevaluated and that it can be further improved upon by the soundly based BWs-CC2 variant with the recommended parameter choice. Order (exchange) ; Cluster (spacecraft) ; Brillouin zone ; Statistical physics ; Cluster size ; Mathematics ; Physics ; Computer science ; Quantum mechanics ; Molecular dynamics ; Economics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Authors: Aleksandra Bibow | Sławomir Dresler | Marta Oleszek
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2025-06-10)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

An Innovative Approach for Maximum Recovery of Isoflavones from &lt;em&gt;Glycine Max &lt;/em&gt;by a Mixture Design of the Experimental Method Isoflavones are the main phenolic compounds of soybean that affect its biological activity. The amount of these compounds isolated from plant material can vary depending on the extraction method, including the type of extractants used. This study aimed to develop optimum proportions of three-component extraction mixtures to maximise the extraction of individual isoflavones from soybeans. The method of Design of Experiments (DOE, Design of Experiments) for three-component mixtures was employed to optimise the experiment. The results of the predominant isoflavones obtained from soybean seeds were daidzin, genistin, malonylgenistin, malonyldaidzin and malonylglycitin. The tested extracts were obtained by accelerated solvent extraction and analyzed for isoflavones content (ESI-TOF-MS profiling of extracts). In the conducted experiment, the use of three extractants: ethanol, propanediol (glycol) and water in a 1:1:1 ratio allowed the isolation of the highest amounts of isoflavones among all used mixtures. However, the development of approximated value and utility profiles indicated the model with which the extraction efficiency was the highest. This model involves the use of a mixture with the following composition: ethanol 32.8%, water 39.2% and glycol 27.8%. It allows us to obtain the optimal amount of isoflavones from soybean seeds. The method of plans for mixtures and triangular response surfaces in the described case proved effective in developing an optimal three-component extraction mixture. Isoflavones ; Glycine ; Chemistry ; Chromatography ; Computer science ; Mathematics ; Biochemistry ; Amino acid Chromatography in Natural Products
Authors: C. Khamlerd | Sutee Wongmaneeprateep | Wassana Prisingkorn | Hien Van Doan | Sompong Doolgindachbaporn
Source: Indian Journal of Agricultural Research (article, 2025-04-18)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Cadmium and Chromium Removal Capacity of Pandan Leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. Ex Lindl.) and Texas Mud Baby [Echinodosus cordifolius (L.) Griseb.] Background: This study aimed to determine removal capacity and bioaccumulation levels of the cadmium and chromium contaminate from water samples using Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. ex Lindl. and Echinodosus cordifolius (L.) Griseb, compared with the control groups. Methods: Technically, the concentrations of Cd and Cr in water and plants were measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Result: In our study, the concentrations of Cd and Cr in water after removal duration 7 days, different between the control and the experimental groups was statistically significant at p less than 0.05. Interestingly, removal capacity experiment, P. amaryllifolius demonstrated the highest removal capacity for Cd and Cr, achieving 92.87% and 51.07% removal, respectively. Combined use of P. amaryllifolius and E. cordifolius showed slightly lower capacity, while E. cordifolius alone achieved the lowest removal capacity. The bioaccumulations of Cd and Cr in the E. cordifolius and P. amaryllifolius were tested. After 7 days of absorption, in the experiment accumulated the highest amount of Cd and Cr in the root more than the stem and leaf, respectively. The outcome of this study provides low cost, providing good efficiency in getting rid of HMs and being environmentally friendly. Cadmium ; Chromium ; Traditional medicine ; Medicine ; Chemistry Heavy Metals in Plants ; Food composition and properties ; Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
Authors: Chutamas Thepmalee | Nittiya Suwannasom | Krissana Khoothiam | Chonthida Thephinlap | Amnart Onsa-Ard | Aussara Panya
Source: Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

α-Mangostin enhances cisplatin activity in drug-resistant breast cancer cells by targeting multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 Cisplatin resistance presents a significant challenge in breast cancer treatment, often resulting in therapy failure and relapse. The overexpression of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) in breast cancer cells contributes to chemotherapy resistance. Combining cisplatin with other anti-cancer agents has improved its efficacy in overcoming resistance in cancer cells. This study developed cisplatin-resistant breast cancer cell lines, CIS/MCF-7 and CIS/ MDA-MB-231, derived from the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 parental lines. These resistant cell lines exhibited altered morphology and significant resistance to cisplatin, with resistance indices of 1.99 and 6.03, respectively. Combining the natural compound α-mangostin (AMG) with 30 μM cisplatin significantly enhanced the cisplatin effect on cell viability in cisplatin-resistant cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. The overexpression of the MRP2 gene in CIS/MDA-MB-231 cells suggests their potential roles in cisplatin resistance. Molecular docking revealed a favorable interaction between AMG and MRP2, suggesting a possible mechanism by which AMG enhances cisplatin activity. Our findings indicate that AMG can improve cisplatin efficacy in chemotherapy-resistant breast cancers, possibly by targeting MRP2 induction. Cisplatin ; Multiple drug resistance ; Abcg2 ; Drug resistance ; Pharmacology ; Drug ; Cancer research ; Breast cancer ; Multi drug resistant ; Medicine ; Chemistry ; Cancer ; Biology ; Internal medicine ; Microbiology ; Chemotherapy ; ATP-binding cassette transporter ; Transporter ; Biochemistry ; Gene Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis ; Bioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents ; DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
Authors: Somayeh Vandghanooni | Parniya Kehtari | Niloufar Ahdeno
Source: Bioimpacts (article, 2025-12-10)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Immune-modulatory biomimetic nanoparticles: Advances in design, mechanisms, and nanomedicine applications The development of biomimetic nanoparticles (NPs) represents an innovative approach to address the lacks of conventional drug delivery systems. This advancement demonstrates promising potential in immunotherapy. Biomimetic NPs imitate biological structures to improve the effectiveness of drug delivery and enhance interactions with cancer cells. Their beneficial features include biocompatibility, long circulation time, tissue specificity, enhanced drug absorption, and low toxicity. Recent advancements confirm the efficacy of biomimetic NPs especially cell-membrane coated biomimetic NPs in immune modulation in cancer and inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, their integration with innovative gene engineering techniques, such as mRNA therapeutics and CRISPR-Cas9, for immune system targeting represents a novel therapeutic approach. This editorial explains the potential of biomimetic NPs in tumor immunotherapy and precision medicine, as well as the challenges they face in clinical translation, including biodistribution, long-term biosafety, the risk of unexpected activation of the immune system and scalability. Future recommendations emphasize the use of advanced biosensing tracking systems and the standardization of production for medicinal translation. BioImpacts invites researchers and scholars involved in this interdisciplinary field to collaborate to advance innovation at the intersection of nanotechnology and immunology. Nanomedicine ; Drug delivery ; Biomimetic materials ; Cancer immunotherapy ; Targeted drug delivery ; Mechanism (biology) ; Immune system ; Cancer therapy Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics ; Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Authors: Barbara Stencel | Monika Zielenkiewicz | Łukasz Grabowski
Source: Acta Biochimica Polonica (article, 2025-11-17)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Effects of low concentrations of fatty acids on Escherichia coli depend on the kind of culture medium and incubation temperature Fatty acids play important, yet different roles in bacterial physiology, specifically their growth, either stimulating or inhibiting this parameter which are of biotechnological importance. Here, we present results showing to what degree short- and medium-chain fatty acids (butyric acid (butanoic acid, C4:0); caproic acid (hexanoic acid, C6:0); caprylic acid (octanoic acid, C8:0)), used at relatively low concentrations (in a range of μg/mL, contrary to previously reported mg/mL which revealed inhibitory effects on bacterial growth) affect growth of <i>Escherichia coli</i> K-12 (MG1655 laboratory strain) depending on various conditions. In rich medium (LB) positive effects of all tested fatty acids on <i>E. coli</i> growth were observed, while temperature of incubation (growth at 25 °C and 37 °C was assessed) modulated these effects. In contrast, a slight but significant growth inhibition by fatty acids was observed in a minimal medium (M9) supplemented with glucose. Nonetheless, in minimal medium containing acetate, the effects of these compounds varied, being either positive or negative depending on their concentrations. No measurable bacterial growth was observed in the case of the presence of any tested fatty acids when primary carbon source (glucose or acetate) was removed from a minimal medium before addition of butyric acid, caproic acid or caprylic acid. Our results indicated that effects of low concentrations of fatty acids on <i>E. coli</i> cells depend on growth conditions of bacterial cultures. This may be of biotechnological importance, especially for modulating <i>E. coli</i> growth by using different compositions of media and incubation temperatures. Caprylic acid ; Caproic Acid ; Incubation ; Fatty acid ; Bacterial growth ; Growth medium ; Butyric acid ; Incubation period Antimicrobial agents and applications ; Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction ; Biopolymer Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Ö. İrem | B. B. Oner
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2025-06-05)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Ultra-compact and High Performance Three-Way Optical Power Splitter This work presents an ultra-compact and feasible three-way power splitter design tailored for photonic integrated circuits, achieved through topological optimization employing a custom-developed genetic algorithm. Miniaturization of waveguide turns, which are critical part of all optical systems, directly contributes to compactness of the system. The considered method maintains good transmission uniformity and minimal mode mismatch while allowing global shape reconfiguration within a confined footprint of 1.56 λ² ( λ=1550 nm) unlike conventional curve-based methods. The optimized structure demonstrates a 93% output similarity validated through time-domain simulations. These remarkable performance outcomes can be implemented on both communication wavelength and microwave applications. Splitter ; Power (physics) ; Optoelectronics ; Telecommunications ; Computer science ; Electrical engineering ; Optics ; Physics ; Engineering Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties ; Optical Network Technologies ; Photonic and Optical Devices
Authors: Lukas R. H. Gerken | Laurin G.S. Schaller | Rüveyda Dok | Selina Camenisch | Alexander Gogos | Sebastian Habermann | Sandra Nuyts | Inge K. Herrmann
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2025-08-17)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Nanoparticle Metal Mass Uptake Governs Radiosensitizing Efficacy Across 2D, 3D, and In Vivo Models Abstract Despite extensive efforts to develop nanoparticle-based radioenhancers, clinical translation remains limited, partly due to the lack of physiologically relevant in vitro models. To address this gap, we developed a 3D spheroid model of head and neck cancer using FaDu cells and compared it directly to a corresponding in vivo model in a radiotherapy setting. The spheroids exhibited key tumor-like features, including the formation of a hypoxic core and growth kinetics comparable to in vivo tumors. Importantly, the model allowed for long-term monitoring of tumor growth and radiation response. Upon X-ray irradiation, dose–response behavior in spheroids mirrored that observed in vivo . Furthermore, TiO₂, HfO₂, and Au nanoparticles demonstrated consistent radiosensitization effects in both systems when matched for uptake mass. In contrast, conventional 2D clonogenic assays failed to predict in vivo performance, likely due to their lower radioresistance and unrealistic nanoparticle exposure conditions. This study introduces a robust, scalable, and clinically compatible 3D in vitro platform for preclinical screening of nanoparticle radioenhancers. The system may offer streamlining of development pipelines and support the 3R principles of reduction, replacement, and refinement in radiation oncology research. In vivo ; Nanoparticle ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Materials science ; Biology ; Biotechnology Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry ; Nuclear Physics and Applications