jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Rahel Jedamski | Gerrit Kuhlmann | Maximilian Rößler | Bernhard Karpuschewski | Martin Dix | Jérémy Épp
Source: Production Engineering (article, 2024-01-02)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Towards developing a control of grinding processes using a combination of grinding power evaluation and Barkhausen noise analysis Abstract After grinding of hardened workpieces, especially in case of safety-relevant components, usually non-destructive testing is carried out to detect thermo-mechanical damages in the surface layer. In-process detection methods allow a fast reaction to negative changes before producing a large amount of rejects and open the possibility to save additional time for post-process inspection. However, these are not industrially used yet, since boundary conditions and application limits are not defined so far. This study shows the potential of a grinding process control based on a soft sensor combining a thermal limit in a $${P}_{c}^{{\prime}{\prime}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>′</mml:mo> <mml:mo>′</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> − Δt-diagram and magnetic Barkhausen noise analysis applied in-situ during grinding (BN). The specific grinding power $${P}_{c}^{{\prime}{\prime}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>′</mml:mo> <mml:mo>′</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> in dependence of the contact time Δt allows to identify/avoid grinding burn starting from light tempering zones. Furthermore, the BN is well suited for the detection of detrimental residual stress changes (tensile) occurring even before tempering zones are generated. The developed process control based on this combination optimizes the process parameters to prevent negative thermo-mechanical surface changes while keeping the productivity of the process as high as possible. The applicability is demonstrated for external cylindrical and non-circular grinding processes. Due to the radius varying over the workpiece circumference, the latter ones require special demands on signal evaluation, resolution and control speed. Tempering ; Algorithm ; Materials science ; Barkhausen effect ; Grinding ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer science ; Machine learning ; Metallurgy ; Physics ; Magnetization Magnetic Properties and Applications ; Advanced machining processes and optimization ; Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
Authors: Mertol Tüfekci | Tuğba Baytak | Osman Bulut | İnci Pir | Seren Acarer Arat | Burak Özkal | Haibao Liu | John P. Dear | Loïc Salles
Source: Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines (article, 2024-01-05)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Nonlinear behaviour of epoxy and epoxy-based nanocomposites: an integrated experimental and computational analysis The focus of this study is on the nonlinear mechanical properties of epoxy and epoxy-based nanocomposites, exploring frequency and strain amplitude dependency. Nanocomposite samples of epoxy are reinforced with fumed silica (FS), halloysite nanotubes (HNT) and Albipox 1000 rubber (Evonik) nanoparticles. Considering these particles have different geometries and stiffnesses, they are expected to have significantly different influences on the mechanics of the resulting composite. To enhance the reliability of the results and to reveal the impact of nanofillers on the mechanics of the material more distinctly, the manufacturing process is designed to be the same for all the specimens within the same material groups to eliminate the effects of the manufacturing process. The comprehensive characterization process consists of Fourier-Transform InfraRed Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA). The DMA tests are designed so that the material properties are measured depending on the vibration frequency and strain amplitude. Finally, the characterized nonlinear dynamic properties of these nanocomposites are used as the input material properties into a numerical model. In this simulation, a cantilever beam with representative nonlinear material properties, for these nanocomposites, is created, as example and its forced response is plotted under the same levels of excitation in the frequency domain. Key effects of the different nanofillers are identified using the resonance behavior, primarily focusing on the stiffness and damping of the epoxy-based nanocomposites. These experimental and numerical procedures followed show the significant impact of the nanoparticle reinforcements on the nonlinear nature of these epoxy-based composites. Materials science ; Epoxy ; Nanocomposite ; Composite material ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Halloysite ; Scanning electron microscope ; Nonlinear system ; Dynamic mechanical analysis ; Characterization (materials science) ; Polymer ; Nanotechnology ; Optics Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties ; Tribology and Wear Analysis ; Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete
Authors: John D. Shimanek | Zi‐Kui Liu | Allison M. Beese
Source: Computational Materials Science (article, 2024-02-26)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Effects of misorientation on single crystal plasticity by finite element methods Misorientation ; Materials science ; Slip (aerodynamics) ; Crystal plasticity ; Finite element method ; Hardening (computing) ; Plasticity ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Single crystal ; Slip line field ; Lattice (music) ; Composite material ; Geometry ; Crystallography ; Thermodynamics ; Mathematics ; Dislocation ; Microstructure ; Chemistry ; Physics Microstructure and mechanical properties ; Metal Forming Simulation Techniques ; Metallurgy and Material Forming
Authors: Guang-Lei Liu | Lin Zhu | Xinyu Li | Hussain Sajjad | Xiangyu Song | Guang-Rong Li | Guan‐Jun Yang
Source: Journal of Advanced Ceramics (article, 2024-11-17)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

Achieving durable double-layered thermal barrier coatings by tailoring multi-scale structures Double-layered thermal barrier coatings (DL-TBCs) have been developed to meet multiple service requirements, such as low thermal conductivity, high thermal stability, and high fracture toughness. Conventional DL-TBCs are often designed on the basis of equal total thickness to have long lifespans, which may weaken the thermal insulation. The reason is that the single-scale designed structure often has opposite effects on the thermal and mechanical properties. To enhance both the thermal insulation and lifespan, this work designed durable DL-TBCs at multiple scales under equivalent thermal insulation. The macroscopic thickness ratio of the top layer to the bottom layer was tailored to optimize the total and single thicknesses, and the microscopic pore size in the top layer was tailored to resist sintering. Six groups of samples with different thickness ratios were prepared. The thermal cycling test revealed that the lifespan of DL-TBCs first increases but then decreases with increasing thickness ratio. The optimized thickness ratio is 2:3 for DL-TBCs, which have the largest lifespan among the six groups. The cross-sectional morphologies revealed that the failure mode changed from the spallation of the top layer to the delamination of the total double layers. The long lifespan of the optimized DL-TBCs stems from the cotailored thickness ratio and porous structure in the top layer to lower the total cracking driving force. Thermal barrier coating ; Materials science ; Structural material ; Thermal ; Scale (ratio) ; Nanotechnology ; Composite material ; Coating Material Properties and Applications
Authors: Yifei Cai | Fares S. El-Faouri | Naoki Saikawa | Akira Chibá | S. Yoshizaki
Source: IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications (article, 2024-04-02)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Magnetostriction Vibration and Acoustic Noise in Motor Stator Cores This study focuses on the impact of magnetostriction on vibration and acoustic noise emitted from motor stator cores. Typically, motor vibration and acoustic noise are attributed to radial electromagnetic forces, torque ripple, and pulse-width modulation switching. However, it is important to consider the influence of magnetostriction in iron core materials with high magnetostriction. In this study, an analytical model was developed to derive the equivalent magnetostrictive force in a global cylindrical coordinate system to understand the effect of magnetostriction on motor iron cores. Three core materials with different magnetostriction characteristics were used to fabricate three individual stator cores for comparative experiments. To isolate the effect of magnetostriction, an additional toroidal winding was added to excite the stator yoke, avoiding the generation of electromagnetic forces and inducing vibration solely by magnetostriction. The magnetostrictive strain, vibration, and sound pressure level of the three stator cores were measured and compared. The results clearly indicate that magnetostriction has a significant impact on vibration and acoustic noise in motor cores, particularly in high-magnetostriction core materials. Magnetostriction ; Stator ; Acoustics ; Vibration ; Noise (video) ; Materials science ; Physics ; Electrical engineering ; Computer science ; Engineering ; Magnetic field Magnetic Properties and Applications ; Electric Motor Design and Analysis ; Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics
Authors: Daniel S. Doretto | Paula C. R. Corsato | C. Silva | João Costa Pessoa | Luis C. S. Vieira | William R. de Araújo | Flávio M. Shimizu | Maria H. O. Piazzetta | Ângelo L. Gobbi | Iris Renata Sousa Ribeiro | Renato S. Lima
Source: ACS Sensors (article, 2024-11-29)
Field: Chemistry — Electrochemistry

Ultradense Electrochemical Chip and Machine Learning for High-Throughput, Accurate Anticancer Drug Screening Despite the potentialities of electrochemical sensors, these devices still encounter challenges in devising high-throughput and accurate drug susceptibility testing. The lack of platforms for providing these analyses over the preclinical trials of drug candidates remains a significant barrier to developing medicines. In this way, ultradense electrochemical chips are combined with machine learning (ML) to enable high-throughput, user-friendly, and accurate determination of the viability of 2D tumor cells (breast and colorectal) aiming at drug susceptibility assays. The effect of doxorubicin (anticancer drug model) was assessed through cell detachment electrochemical assays by interrogating Ru(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub><sup>3+</sup> with square wave voltammetry (SWV). This positive probe is presumed to imply sensitive monitoring of the on-sensor cellular death because of its electrostatic preconcentration in the so-called nanogap zone between the electrode surface and adherent cells. High-throughput assays were obtained by merging fast individual SWV measurements (9 s) with the ability of chips to yield analyses of Ru(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub><sup>3+</sup> in series. The approach's applicability was demonstrated across two analysis formats, drop-casting and microfluidic assays. One should also mention that fitting a multivariate descriptor from selected input data via ML proved to be essential to providing accurate determinations (98 to 104%) of cell viability and half-maximal lethal concentration of the drug. The achieved results underscore the potential of the method in steering electrochemical sensors toward enabling high-throughput drug screening in practical applications. Throughput ; High-throughput screening ; Electrochemical cell ; Nanotechnology ; Drug ; Computer science ; Electrochemistry ; Materials science ; Biomedical engineering ; Chemistry ; Electrode ; Pharmacology ; Medicine ; Wireless Electrochemical Analysis and Applications ; Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques ; Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
Authors: Saul Utrera‐Barrios | Itziar Mas-Giner | R. Verdugo Manzanares | Raquel Verdejo | Miguel A. López‐Manchado | Marianella Hernández Santana
Source: Polymer (article, 2024-08-05)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Recyclability and self-healing capability in reinforced ionic elastomers Materials science ; Elastomer ; Natural rubber ; Composite material ; Nitrile rubber ; Self-healing ; Carbon black ; Cellulose ; Chemical engineering ; Engineering Polymer composites and self-healing ; biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties ; Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties
Authors: Magdalena Wilk-Kozubek | Bartłomiej Potaniec | Patrycja Gazińska | Joanna Cybińska
Source: Polymers (review, 2024-10-10)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Exploring the Origins of Low-Temperature Thermochromism in Polydiacetylenes This review article delves into the intriguing phenomenon of low-temperature thermochromism, whereby materials change color in response to temperature variations, with a particular focus on its applications in temperature-sensitive fields like medical storage. By closely examining thermochromic materials, this article highlights their potential to offer innovative solutions for monitoring and preserving thermolabile products that require strict temperature control. This leads to a special emphasis on polydiacetylenes (PDAs), a class of conjugated polymers with unique low-temperature thermochromic properties, positioning them as promising candidates for reliable temperature indicators. This article then explores the underlying mechanisms for fine-tuning the thermochromic behavior of PDAs, particularly discussing recent advancements in PDA design, such as structural alterations of monomers to achieve low-temperature thermochromism. These modifications, influenced by factors like side-chain length, hydrogen-bonding interactions, and the use of copolymers, are intended to result in irreversible color transitions at specific low temperatures, which is crucial to maintaining the integrity of thermally sensitive products. Finally, this article discusses the potential applications of PDAs as thermochromic sensors in tissue biobanking, where their ability to provide visual indications of temperature fluctuations could significantly enhance the monitoring and management of biological samples. Thermochromism ; Polydiacetylenes ; Materials science ; Nanotechnology ; Diacetylene ; Melting temperature ; Polymer ; Monomer ; Chemistry ; Composite material ; Organic chemistry Polydiacetylene-based materials and applications ; Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities ; Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials
Authors: Jokin Ezenarro | Jordi Riu | Hawbeer Jamal Ahmed | Olga Busto | Barbara Giussani | Ricard Boqué
Source: Talanta (article, 2024-05-16)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Measurement errors and implications for preprocessing in miniaturised near-infrared spectrometers: Classification of sweet and bitter almonds as a case of study Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a well-established analytical technique that has been used in many applications over the years. Due to the advancements in the semiconductor industry, NIR instruments have evolved from benchtop instruments to miniaturised portable devices. The miniaturised NIR instruments have gained more interest in recent years because of the fast and robust measurements they provide with almost no sample pretreatments. However, due to the very different configurations and characteristics of these instruments, they need a dedicated optimization of the measurement conditions, which is crucial for obtaining reliable results. To comprehensively grasp the capabilities and potentials offered by these sensors, it is imperative to examine errors that can affect the raw data, which is a facet frequently overlooked. In this study, measurement error covariance and correlation matrices were calculated and then visually inspected to gain insight into the error structures associated with the devices, and to find the optimal preprocessing technique that may result in the improvement of the models built. This strategy was applied to the classification of sweet and bitter almonds, which were measured with the three portable low-cost NIR devices (SCiO, FlameNIR+ and NeoSpectra Micro Development Kit) after removing the shelled, since their classification is of utmost importance for the almond industry. The results showed that bitter almonds can be classified from sweet almonds using any of the instruments after selecting the optimal preprocessing, obtained through inspection of covariance and correlation matrices. Measurements obtained with FlameNIR + device provided the best classification models with an accuracy of 98 %. The chosen strategy provides new insight into the performance characterization of the fast-growing miniaturised NIR instruments. Preprocessor ; GRASP ; Near-infrared spectroscopy ; Covariance ; Spectrometer ; Chemistry ; Artificial intelligence ; Process engineering ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Computer science ; Statistics ; Optics ; Mathematics ; Engineering Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research ; Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Authors: Anatoly N. Verenchikov | Vasily V. Makarov | A. Vorobyev | S. N. Kirillov
Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews (review, 2024-11-12)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

A Perspective of Multi‐Reflecting TOF MS Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF MS) excels in rapid and high-sensitivity analysis, making it a cornerstone of analytical chemistry. But as sample complexity explodes in omics studies, so does the need for higher resolving power to ensure accurate results. Traditional TOF instruments face a challenge: achieving high resolution often requires a very large instrument. To overcome this limitation, scientists developed alternative designs for TOF analyzers called multi-pass TOF analyzers (MPT). These MPT analyzers come in two main configurations: multi-turn (MTT) and multi-reflecting (MRT). Drawing on the authors' extensive experience, this review describes two decades of MPT advancements. It highlights the critical development of optimized analyzer designs, tracing the evolution towards mirror-based MRT instruments, generally providing superior resolution and spatial acceptance compared to MTT. While the manuscript attempts to overview MTT advances, it primarily focuses on MRT technology. Additionally, the review explores the role of orthogonal accelerators and trap pulse converters, comparing their efficiency and the dynamic range limits imposed by space charge effects. By comparing various MRT configurations and commercially available instruments, the review sets out to inform and empower researchers so they can make informed decisions about MRT mass spectrometers. Dynamic range ; Perspective (graphical) ; Spectrum analyzer ; Computer science ; Chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Systems engineering ; Artificial intelligence ; Engineering ; Telecommunications Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Authors: Katarzyna Ludwiczak | Aleksandra K. Dąbrowska | Julia Kucharek | Jakub Rogoża | Mateusz Tokarczyk | R. Bożek | Marta Gryglas-Borysiewicz | Takashi Taniguchi | Kenji Watanabe | Johannes Binder | W. Pacuski | A. Wysmołek
Source: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (article, 2024-09-06)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Large-Area Growth of High-Optical-Quality MoSe<sub>2</sub>/hBN Heterostructures with Tunable Charge Carrier Concentration Van der Waals heterostructures open up vast possibilities for applications in optoelectronics, especially since it was recognized that the optical properties of transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) can be enhanced by adjacent hBN layers. However, although many micrometer-sized structures have been fabricated, the bottleneck for applications remains the lack of large-area structures with electrically tunable photoluminescence emission. In this study, we demonstrate the electrical charge carrier tuning for large-area epitaxial MoSe<sub>2</sub> grown directly on epitaxial hBN. The structure is produced in a multistep procedure involving Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (MOVPE) growth of large-area hBN, a wet transfer of hBN onto a SiO<sub>2</sub>/Si substrate, and the subsequent Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) growth of monolayer MoSe<sub>2</sub>. The electrically induced change of the carrier concentration is deduced from the evolution of well-resolved charged and neutral exciton intensities. Our findings show that it is feasible to grow large-area, electrically addressable, high-optical-quality van der Waals heterostructures. Materials science ; Heterojunction ; Photoluminescence ; Epitaxy ; Optoelectronics ; Charge carrier ; Micrometer ; Nanotechnology ; Exciton ; van der Waals force ; Charge (physics) ; Optics ; Condensed matter physics 2D Materials and Applications ; Graphene research and applications ; MXene and MAX Phase Materials
Authors: Frederike Schäfer | Archana Tomar | Shogo Sato | Raffaele Teperino | Axel Imhof | Shibojyoti Lahiri
Source: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics (article, 2024-07-11)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Enhanced In Situ Spatial Proteomics by Effective Combination of MALDI Imaging and LC-MS/MS Highly specialized cells are fundamental for the proper functioning of complex organs. Variations in cell-type-specific gene expression and protein composition have been linked to a variety of diseases. Investigation of the distinctive molecular makeup of these cells within tissues is therefore critical in biomedical research. Although several technologies have emerged as valuable tools to address this cellular heterogeneity, most workflows lack sufficient in situ resolution and are associated with high costs and extremely long analysis times. Here, we present a combination of experimental and computational approaches that allows a more comprehensive investigation of molecular heterogeneity within tissues than by either shotgun LC-MS/MS or MALDI imaging alone. We applied our pipeline to the mouse brain, which contains a wide variety of cell types that not only perform unique functions but also exhibit varying sensitivities to insults. We explored the distinct neuronal populations within the hippocampus, a brain region crucial for learning and memory that is involved in various neurological disorders. As an example, we identified the groups of proteins distinguishing the neuronal populations of the dentate gyrus (DG) and the cornu ammonis (CA) in the same brain section. Most of the annotated proteins matched the regional enrichment of their transcripts, thereby validating the method. As the method is highly reproducible, the identification of individual masses through the combination of MALDI-IMS and LC-MS/MS methods can be used for the much faster and more precise interpretation of MALDI-IMS measurements only. This greatly speeds up spatial proteomic analyses and allows the detection of local protein variations within the same population of cells. The method's general applicability has the potential to be used to investigate different biological conditions and tissues and a much higher throughput than other techniques making it a promising approach for clinical routine applications. Computational biology ; Proteomics ; MALDI imaging ; Dentate gyrus ; Mass spectrometry imaging ; Biology ; In situ ; Cell type ; Proteome ; Neuroscience ; Hippocampus ; Computer science ; Cell ; Mass spectrometry ; Chemistry ; Bioinformatics ; Gene ; Biochemistry ; Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics ; Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications