jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Jaromír Dlouhý | Petr Motyčka | Bohuslav Mašek | Zbyšek Nový
Source: Metal ... (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

Low alloyed steels for high strength parts with tailored mechanical properties The QP process enables to achieve excellent combination of strength and ductility in low alloyed steels.However, the process itself is rather difficult to implement into a serial production of high strength parts as it is demanding precisely controlled temperature cycle for each part.Hot metal gas forming (HMGF) is a technology with potential to provide QP thermal treatment within tight constraints.Moreover, the tool for HMGF can be segmented from materials with different thermal conductivity.This results in different cooling rates, different microstructures and ultimately in different mechanical properties in different areas of the part which can be favourable for the for lightweight design.Three steels have been casted as 500 kg test batches and dilatometer analysis were performed to map the austenite decomposition.Steels 42SiCr, 38SiCr and 32MnB5 were subjected to the simulation of HMGF regime with two different cooling rates simulating the HMGF tool composed of two different materials.SICr steels proved to be able to preserve significant amount of austenite in the microstructure, up to 16 vol.%. Deformation (meteorology) ; Welding ; Weldability ; Work (physics) ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Carbide Material Properties and Applications ; Material Properties and Failure Mechanisms ; Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels
Authors: Lorenzo Santini | L. Coelho | Claudio Floridia
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2025-09-23)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Multiple Amplitude Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy for Concomitant Measurement of Pressure and Concentration of Methane Amplitude ; Attenuation ; Amplitude modulation ; Wavelength ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Modulation (music) ; Spectroscopy ; Laser ; Frequency modulation Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
Authors: Jungwi Mun | Min-Geun Kang | Jinseul Kyung | Youbin Choi | Sangdon Ryu | Jong‐Nam Kim | Younghoon Kim
Source: Journal of Animal Science and Technology (article, 2025-11-17)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Characterization of sustainable bacterial cellulose of Komagataeibacter rhaeticus SLAM-JS1B isolated from Kombucha for biocontrol of Salmonella Typhimurium in animal production system Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a high-purity, nanofibrillar biomaterial with considerable potential in the animal industry as both a functional dietary fiber and a carrier for bioactive compounds. In this study, three BC-producing &lt;italic&gt;Komagataeibacter&lt;/italic&gt; strains were isolated from kombucha pellicles (&lt;italic&gt;K. intermedius&lt;/italic&gt; SLAM-NK6B, &lt;italic&gt;K. rhaeticus&lt;/italic&gt; SLAM-JS1B, and &lt;italic&gt;K. rhaeticus&lt;/italic&gt; SLAM-JS2B), and their cellulose production under static conditions at 25°C was compared. The &lt;italic&gt;K. rhaeticus&lt;/italic&gt; strains formed substantially thicker pellicles than &lt;italic&gt;K. intermedius&lt;/italic&gt; with dry weight yields of 120.8 ± 28.3 mg/L (SLAM-JS1B), 113.3 ± 15.0 mg/L (SLAM-JS2B), and 36.3 ± 5.3 mg/L (SLAM-NK6B), respectively. Leveraging the highest-yielding strain SLAM-JS1B, a sequential optimization strategy including one-variable-at-a-time (OVAT) screening, Plackett–Burman design (PBD), and Box–Behnken design (BBD) combined with response surface methodology, was employed to enhance BC production. Yeast extract, MgSO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, and ethanol were identified as key drivers. The optimized medium (10 g/L yeast extract, 2 g/L MgSO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, 10 mL/L ethanol, with glucose and KH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; maintained within the design-space ranges) yielded a cellulose titer of 2.795 g/L, representing a 37% increase relative to the baseline Saleh medium. Characterization by FT-IR and FE-SEM confirmed the structural, chemical, and morphological characteristics of BC, revealing a dense, highly porous nanofibrillar network. Furthermore, &lt;italic&gt;Salmonella&lt;/italic&gt; Typhimurium–targeting phages were successfully immobilized on the BC matrix and retained lytic activity in antimicrobial assays. Collectively, our findings propose an optimized production platform for BC using &lt;italic&gt;K. rhaeticus&lt;/italic&gt; SLAM-JS1B isolated from kombucha and highlight the functional utility of BC as a carrier for bioactives, underscoring its promise for pathogen biocontrol in animal production systems. Bacterial cellulose ; Yeast ; Cellulose ; Salmonella ; Bacteria ; Fermentation ; Polysaccharide ; Antimicrobial Advanced Cellulose Research Studies ; Microbial Metabolism and Applications ; Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging
Authors: Marie‐Julie Tilly | Enrico Falcone | Bruno Kieffer | Yannis‐Nicolas François | Peter Faller | Marine Desage‐El Murr | Laurent Raibaut
Source: Chemistry - A European Journal (article, 2025-08-19)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

A <sup>19</sup>F‐ATCUN Peptide NMR Probe for Selective Cu<sup>2+</sup> or Ni<sup>2</sup><sup>+</sup> Sensing in Complex Biological Media We report the design and synthesis of ratiometric <sup>19</sup>F-ATCUN (Xxx-Zzz-His) peptide probes for the selective and reversible detection of Ni<sup>2</sup>⁺ and Cu<sup>2</sup>⁺ by <sup>19</sup>F NMR spectroscopy. In contrast to fluorescence-based approaches, <sup>19</sup>F NMR enables background-free detection in biological media, due to the absence of fluorine in native biomolecules. The probes remain stable and functional in complex cell media (DMEM), enabling the detection of Cu<sup>2</sup>⁺ and Ni<sup>2</sup>⁺ by <sup>19</sup>F NMR with a limit of detection (LOD) of 4 µM and quantification (LOQ) of 10 µM, relevant for studying copper-related pathologies. Physics ; Nuclear physics ; Chemistry Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection ; Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
Authors: Zhixiang Huang | Kornel Laskowski | Sai Rahul Sitaram | Eric Herrmann | S M Jahadun Nobi | Ke Ma | Xi Wang
Source: Journal of Materials Science Materials in Electronics (article, 2025-10-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

High-quality polycrystalline vanadium dioxide thin films deposited via pulsed laser deposition with high uniformity and consistency The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10854-025-15921-6. Pulsed laser deposition ; Thin film ; Crystallite ; Vanadium dioxide ; Consistency (knowledge bases) ; Deposition (geology) Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials ; ZnO doping and properties ; Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors
Authors: Natalie Rozman | Omar Khatib | Willie J. Padilla
Source: Laser & Photonics Review (article, 2025-10-27)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

A Coherent Metamaterial Detector ABSTRACT Metamaterials can be designed to achieve frequency‐selective, near‐unity absorption. One can exploit the absorptance functionality of the metamaterial in order to detect incident radiation. However, a coherent detector, that is both sensitive to phase and amplitude, has yet to be established at high frequencies. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate a frequency, phase, and power‐sensitive metamaterial coherent detector (MCD) operating in the millimeter wave (mmW) range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Our design uses the pyroelectric properties of to enable the detection of mmW radiation. The metamaterial absorbs incident radiation and converts it to heat, thereby generating a pyroelectric signal. Notably, the level of absorption – and thus the detected signal – is coherently controlled by the relative phase and power of the incident fields. This coherent detector approach is scalable to any wavelength range where metamaterial perfect absorbers can be fashioned. Metamaterial ; Detector ; Metamaterial absorber ; Phase (matter) ; SIGNAL (programming language) ; Electromagnetic radiation ; Millimeter ; Wavelength ; Extremely high frequency Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Antenna Design and Analysis
Authors: Anant Ghongade | Shruti Barot
Source: Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research (article, 2025-06-30)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Development and validation of stability indicating RP-HPLC method for nebivolol by using the DOE approach Background: Nebivolol (NBV), classified as a third-generation β1-adrenergic receptor antagonist, is commonly prescribed for managing hypertension. Accurate and prompt quantification of NBV in bulk materials and pharmaceutical formulations is crucial for quality assurance. This research focuses on developing and validating a stability-indicating RP-HPLC method for the quantification of NBV, with an emphasis on sensitivity, precision, accuracy, and robustness. Methodology: A stability-indicating reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was established using an Agilent 1260 Infinity II HPLC system equipped with a Diode Array Detector (DAD). The chromatographic analysis was conducted on an Agilent Zorbax Bonus RP column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm). The mobile phase comprised acetonitrile and 0.1% perchloric acid in a 55:45 (v/v) ratio, delivered at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Detection was performed at a wavelength of 282 nm. The method underwent validation according to the guidelines provided by the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH), including assessments of linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness, and forced degradation studies. Results and Discussion: This method demonstrated improved sensitivity, shorter run time (retention time of 4.22 min), and high precision. Forced degradation studies confirmed Nebivolol’s instability under alkaline (15.94%) and oxidative (8.57%) conditions, highlighting the method’s stability-indicating capability. The method also gives robust linearity across the concentration range of 80–120 µg/mL, with a correlation coefficient (r²) of 1.00. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were determined to be 0.55 µg/mL and 1.61 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: The proposed RP-HPLC method proved to be reliable, precise, and stability-indicating, making it a valuable tool for the quality control and stability assessment of Nebivolol formulations in pharmaceutical settings. Nebivolol ; Chromatography ; High-performance liquid chromatography ; Stability (learning theory) ; Design of experiments ; Chemistry ; Biochemical engineering ; Computer science ; Mathematics ; Engineering ; Statistics ; Machine learning ; Internal medicine ; Medicine Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Food Quality and Safety Studies
Authors: Yingli Liu | Kun Wu | Lingxia Jiao | Rui Shen | Junjian Ran | Youzhi Wu
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (article, 2025-06-07)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Phosphoproteomics analysis of acid stress response of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris in response to acid stress Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris causes pasteurized acidic juices spoilage, resulting in a significant decline in juice quality and causing economic losses. Exploration of A. acidoterrestris in response to acid stress could help control contamination caused by the bacteria. In this study, the mechanism of A. acidoterrestris in response to acid stress was studied by quantitative phosphoproteomics technique. Results showed that the phosphorylation of 40 proteins in A. acidoterrestris was closely related to the regulation of acid stress. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the quorum sensing pathway, which might be involved in the perception of A. acidoterrestris, was mainly enriched. We found that the upregulation of Spo0A and YidC phosphorylationmay resist acid stress by forming spores. The phosphorylation level of pyruvate kinase increased, which may improve bacterial acid stress resistance through the formation of energy supply. The phosphorylation level of ABC transporter permease was significantly upregulated, which may be part of the cell adaptation adjustment and contribute to the survival of A. acidoterrestris under acid stress. In summary, the molecular mechanism of acid stress regulation of A. acidoterrestris was proposed via quantitative phosphoproteomics, which provided a theoretical and experimental basis for further investigation of the acid resistance mechanism of A. acidoterrestris. KEY POINTS: • Spo0 A, Yidc proteins may be the key regulatory proteins for acid stress response. • ABC transporters are beneficial to the survival of the bacteria under acidic stress. • A. acidoterrestris may sense and transmit pH signal through quorum sensing pathway. Fight-or-flight response ; Phosphoproteomics ; Stress (linguistics) ; Chemistry ; Biology ; Biochemistry ; Enzyme thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses ; Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects ; Heat shock proteins research
Authors: Srikumar Chakravarthi | Barani Karikalan | Dr.B.Ranjith Karthekeyan | Mohammad Nazmul Hasan Maziz | Rajan Rajabalaya
Source: Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Integrated Medical Sciences (article, 2025-07-25)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Design of Liposomal Drug Delivery Systems for Enhanced Cancer Therapy Liposomal drug delivery methods are becoming popular nanocarriers for anticancer drugs because they make the drugs more available, target them more accurately, and lower their toxicity in the body. The goal of this project was to improve cancer treatment results by designing, formulating, and testing liposomal systems that include a model chemotherapeutic drug. We used the thin-film hydration approach to make three liposomal formulations (F1, F2, and F3) and then measured their particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, and entrapment efficiency. Studies of drug release in vitro showed that the drugs were released over time, with F3 exhibiting the largest cumulative release (89% at 24 hours). The MTT assay showed that F3 dramatically reduced the viability of MCF-7 cells (to 12% at 50 µg/mL), making it better than both other formulations and the free medication. One-way ANOVA statistical analysis showed that there were substantial differences (p &lt; 0.05) between the formulations in terms of how well they trapped drugs, how well they released drugs, and how hazardous they were to cells. These results show that improved clearest liposomal formulations could be useful, regulated, and to deliver cancer medication. Drug delivery ; Liposome ; Cancer therapy ; Drug ; Medicine ; Cancer ; Targeted drug delivery ; Pharmacology ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Internal medicine Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Advanced Drug Delivery Systems ; Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
Authors: 吕淑媛 Lü Shuyuan | 胡飞 Hu Fei | 罗文峰 Luo Wenfeng | 张婷婷 Zhang Tingting | 段多多 Duan Duoduo
Source: Acta Optica Sinica (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

基于连续域束缚态的高性能手性传感器设计 具有高品质因子（Q）和强圆二色性（CD）的手性超表面在光与物质相互作用中展现出显著的增强效应，这对于手性光学器件的性能提升具有重要意义。在本研究中，提出了一种基于连续域束缚态（BIC）的平面手性硅超表面设计，该设计在实现超高Q因子的同时，还获得了接近单位CD（CD为0.99）的手性响应。在不破坏结构面外对称性的前提下，通过打破结构的面内C2旋转对称性或改变光的入射角度，对基于BIC手性响应实现精确控制。此外，进一步探索了手性超表面在光学传感领域的应用，将所设计的手性超表面引入传感系统，实现了非凡的手性特性与传感性能（品质因数FOM=233 nm/RIU）的结合。这种做法不仅拓展了手性超表面的应用领域，也为光学手性传感提供了新的可能性和研究方向。 Computer science Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Photonic Crystals and Applications
Authors: Yuwei Li | Xiukun Hu | Qiong Wu | Yi Zhao | Hangfu Yang | Minxiang Pan | Hongliang Ge
Source: Materials (article, 2025-06-18)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Magnetocaloric Effect of Gd1-xDyxScO3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 1) Polycrystalline Compounds This study systematically investigates the magnetic ordering and magnetocaloric properties of a series of polycrystalline compounds, Gd<sub>1-x</sub>Dy<sub>x</sub>ScO<sub>3</sub> (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 1). X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms that all samples exhibit an orthorhombic perovskite structure with a space group of Pbnm. The zero-field cooling and field cooling magnetization curves demonstrate a transition from antiferromagnetic to paramagnetic phases, with Néel temperatures of about 3 K for GdScO<sub>3</sub> and 4 K for DyScO<sub>3</sub>. The doping of Dy<sup>3+</sup> weakened long-range antiferromagnetic order and enhanced short-range magnetic disorder in GdScO<sub>3</sub>, leading to vanished antiferromagnetic transition between 2 and 100 K for the sample of x = 0.2. Using the Arrott-Noakes equation, we constructed Arrott plots to analyze the system's critical behavior. Both the compounds with x = 0.1 and x = 0.2 conform to the 3D-Heisenberg model. These results indicate the weakened long-range antiferromagnetic order induced by Dy<sup>3+</sup> doping. Significant maximal magnetic entropy change (-ΔSMMax) of 36.03 J/kg K at 3 K for the sample Gd<sub>0.9</sub>Dy<sub>0.1</sub>ScO<sub>3</sub> is achieved as the magnetic field changes from 0 to 50 kOe, which is higher than that of GdScO<sub>3</sub> (-ΔSMMax = 34.32 J/kg K) and DyScO<sub>3</sub> (-ΔSMMax = 15.63 J/kg K). The considerable magnetocaloric effects (MCEs) suggest that these compounds can be used in the development of low-temperature magnetic refrigeration materials. Magnetic refrigeration ; Crystallite ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Physics ; Metallurgy ; Quantum mechanics ; Magnetic field ; Magnetization Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials ; Advanced Condensed Matter Physics ; Shape Memory Alloy Transformations
Authors: Sandeep Lohan | Anastasia G. Konshina | Eman H. M. Mohammed | Naiera M. Helmy | Sunil Kumar Jha | Rakesh Kumar Tiwari | Innokentiy Maslennikov | Roman G. Efremov | Keykavous Parang
Source: ChemRxiv (preprint, 2025-01-20)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Impact of Stereochemical Replacement on the Activity and Selectivity of Membrane-Active Cationic Cyclic Peptides with Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity Herein, we report a library of 7-mer macrocyclic peptides designed by systematically replacing one, multiple, or all L-amino acids with their D-isomers in our previously identified hit compounds. Lead peptides, 15c and 16c, showed broad-spectrum activity against bacteria (Gram-positive minimum inhibitory activity (MIC 1.5-6.2 µg/mL and Gram-negative MIC 6.2-25 µg/mL), and fungi (MIC = 3.1-25 µg/mL). Additionally, peptides 15c and 16c showed rapid kill kinetics and biofilm degradation potential against both bacteria and fungi, while resistance development was not observed. The antimicrobial effect of these macrocyclic peptides was attributed to their membranolytic action, which was confirmed by calcein dye leakage assay and scanning electron microscopy analysis. Both peptides, 15c (HC50 = 335 µg/mL) and 16c (HC50 = 310 µg/mL), exhibited significantly lower hemolytic activity compared to their parent peptide p3 (HC50 = 230 µg/mL). At 100 µg/mL, both peptides showed > 90% cell viability after 24 h incubation across four normal mammalian cell lines. Both peptides showed plasma stability (t1/2 ≥ 6h), further supporting their therapeutic potential. Finally, the molecular mechanisms determining the pharmacological properties of a number of typical representatives of each series of synthesized peptides were investigated by NMR spectroscopy and computer simulations. The study revealed specific combinations of structural, dynamic, and hydrophobic parameters of these amphiphilic peptides that allow a reasonable prediction of their hemolytic activity. This Structure-Activity Relationship provides a basis for the rational design of peptides or peptidomimetics with predefined pharmacological profiles. Antifungal ; Selectivity ; Cationic polymerization ; Broad spectrum ; Antibacterial activity ; Chemistry ; Cyclic peptide ; Stereochemistry ; Combinatorial chemistry ; Biochemistry ; Biology ; Peptide ; Organic chemistry ; Microbiology ; Bacteria ; Genetics Synthesis and Characterization of Heterocyclic Compounds ; Biopolymer Synthesis and Applications ; Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
Authors: Roni Majlin Skiff | Sivan Refaely‐Abramson | Raquel Queiroz | Roni Ilan
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-05-06)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Defect-Bound Excitons in Topological Materials Excitons, bound states of electrons and holes, are affected by the properties of the underlying band structure of a material. Defects in lattice systems may trap electronic defect states, to which an electron can be excited to form defect-bound excitons. Here, we examine the effect of band topology on excitons in systems with a single-site defect. We show that in the topological phase, when robust, in-gap, ring-shaped electronic states appear around defects, excitons inherit the properties of these ring states: The excitons' binding energies are lowered as a result of the wide spatial profile of the defect state, and their wave functions have complex shapes and order due to the mixed orbital character of the topological bands. Our study advances the understanding of the role of topology in modifying and controlling defect-bound excitons in quantum materials. Exciton ; Topology (electrical circuits) ; Excited state ; Electron ; Lattice (music) ; Electronic structure Silicon Nanostructures and Photoluminescence ; Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials
Authors: Saif S. Irhayyim | Farouk M. Mahdi | Saad R. Ahmed | Sanjeev K. Khanna
Source: Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences (review, 2025-08-27)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Morphological, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Fly Ash Reinforced Low- and High-Density Polyethylene Composites: A Comprehensive Review Due to their improved physical, rheological, and morphological properties, polyethylene/fly ash composites have been receiving considerable attention in recent years. This review comprehensively examines the properties of low- and high-density polyethylene/fly ash composites. Its structure is expounded in terms of how the polymer matrix interacts with FA particles. The review evaluates physical properties, including density, water absorption, and thermal stability, and examines the changes in these properties caused by FA reinforcement. The rheological properties of the produced composites, such as viscosity and elasticity, have also been reviewed to show how FA particles modify the processability and melt flow behavior of polyethylene matrices. This work also includes an in-depth examination of various techniques used in creating these composites, with an emphasis on the importance of selecting appropriate processing parameters to achieve optimal results. It also covers some important factors that may affect the performance of composites, including particle size, loading amount, and surface modification of FA particles. This review outlines the challenges and, hence, future research topics related to these issues. In this regard, it highlights the need for thorough research to optimize processing parameters, interface modification techniques, and advanced characterization methods. Generally, this review serves as a resourceful platform for researchers and engineers focused on enhancing the properties of advanced polymeric composites, targeting a broad spectrum of applications. Materials science ; Composite material ; Rheology ; Polyethylene ; Thermal stability ; Fly ash ; Thermal Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties ; Tribology and Wear Analysis