jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Laihu Peng | liangmei Hou | Yubao Qi | Jianqiang Li | Ziyong Zhai
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2023-12-29)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Optimization Method for Denoising Yarn Tension Signals Based on Empirical Wavelet Transform and Adaptive Wavelet Threshold Denoising <title>Abstract</title> In the weaving process, yarn tension signals are adversely affected by a considerable amount of uncertain noise sequences, compromising the closed-loop control accuracy of yarn tension. Particularly challenging is the effective preservation of these features when confronted with sudden changes in yarn tension characteristics. To address this issue, we propose an Adaptive Wavelet Threshold Denoising (WTD) optimization method for yarn tension signals based on Empirical Wavelet Transform (EWT). The application of EWT decomposes yarn tension signals into components of different frequencies and scales, with wavelet thresholding used for threshold processing of the decomposed signals. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through simulation experiments and on-site data analysis. Results indicate that, compared to the PSO-VMD method and the FastICA method, the SNR after processing with the proposed method is improved by 8.55% and 26.29%, respectively. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) shows that the denoising result curve of this method fits the simulated data curve more closely, and the sudden changes in the signal characteristics are better preserved. Experimental data verification demonstrates the superior performance of the proposed method in denoising tension signals with three different characteristics, with the SNR being maximally improved by 5.32dB while fully preserving the sudden changes in the signal. The proposed method exhibits excellent denoising effects in experiments on yarn tension signals collected at different speeds on a circular winding machine, with a maximum SNR improvement of 5.29dB. It adapts well to the changes in signals that occur under different operating conditions. This method provides a feasible solution for improving the stability and production efficiency of yarn tension in knitting systems. Noise reduction ; Thresholding ; Wavelet ; SIGNAL (programming language) ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Computer science ; Noise (video) ; Tension (geology) ; Artificial intelligence ; Wavelet transform ; Mathematics ; Algorithm ; Materials science Textile materials and evaluations ; Material Properties and Processing ; Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection
Authors: Elizabeth F. Bayne | Kevin M. Buck | Anna G. Towler | Yanlong Zhu | Melissa R. Pergande | Tianhua Zhou | Scott Price | Kalina J. Rossler | Vanessa Morales-Tirado | Sarah E. Lloyd | Fei Wang | Yupeng He | Yu Tian | Ying Ge
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2023-08-21)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

High-throughput Extracellular Matrix Proteomics of Human Lungs Enabled by Photocleavable Surfactant and diaPASEF Abstract The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex assembly of proteins that provide interstitial scaffolding and elastic recoil to human lungs. The pulmonary extracellular matrix (ECM) is increasingly recognized as an independent bioactive entity by creating biochemical and mechanical signals that influence disease pathogenesis, making it an attractive therapeutic target. However, the pulmonary ECM proteome (“matrisome”) remains challenging to analyze by mass spectrometry due to its inherent biophysical properties and relatively low abundance. Here, we introduce a strategy designed for rapid and efficient characterization of the human pulmonary ECM using the photocleavable surfactant Azo. We coupled this approach with trapped ion mobility MS with diaPASEF to maximize depth of matrisome coverage. Using this strategy, we identify nearly 400 unique matrisome proteins with excellent reproducibility that are known to be important in lung biology, including key insoluble ECM proteins. Extracellular matrix ; Proteome ; Proteomics ; Extracellular ; Pulmonary surfactant ; Matrix (chemical analysis) ; Human lung ; Chemistry ; Computational biology ; Biology ; Cell biology ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Biochemistry ; Cell culture ; Gene ; Genetics Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Medical Imaging and Pathology Studies
Authors: Huijun Yuan | Heng Gui | L.Z. Li
Source: Immuno-Oncology Technology (article, 2023-12-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

198P Polarization of tumor-associated macrophages enhanced by 2-HP-β-cyclodextrin modified PLGA nanoparticles Immunotherapy for cancer is closely related to the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIME). Resiquimod (a mixed TLR7/8 agonist also known as R848) has been shown to mediate promising immunostimulatory activity in a variety of preclinical models. Poly(D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is one of the most commonly used biodegradable polymer. The nanoparticles loaded with R848 (CD@R848@NP) were prepared by improved emulsion-solvent evaporation method, and the drug loading rate and entrapment efficiency were calculated. Its physical and chemical properties and drug release stability were measured, and its polarization effect on macrophages was evaluated in vitro. After labeling with IR780 fluorescent dye, the localization of the nanoparticles in vivo and in vitro was analyzed. CD@R848@NP was used to treat MC38 colon cancer mice by tail vein injection combined with intraperitoneal injection of TNFR2 antibody. (1) The prepared CD@R848@NP nanoparticles have strong stability, no obvious cytotoxicity, sustained release effect and increased release under acidic conditions. The load content (LC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) of R848 were (3.11 ±0.61)% and (65.36 ±3)%. (2) In vitro experiments showed that HP-β-CD modified nanoparticles could be better absorbed by macrophages, and in vivo localization experiments confirmed that they could be better located in tumor tissues. (3) CD@R848@NP combined with Anti-TNFR2 could eliminate MC38 tumor in mice, and there was no significant change in body weight. Hue results showed that the nanoparticles had no obvious toxicity to all organs. After 24 hours of administration, the secretion of IL-12 factor in blood of mice was significantly higher than that of other groups. The results of tumor histochemistry showed that the secretion of TNF α and IL-6 factors in CD@R848@NP was significantly higher than that in other groups. PLGA nanoparticles encapsulated with R848 can effectively deliver drugs to tumor tissue and induce tumor-associated macrophages to polarize into M1 macrophages. On the other hand, TNFR2 antibodies can inhibit the activation of Treg cells, reduce immunosuppression in tumor microenvironment and eliminate tumor. PLGA ; In vivo ; Chemistry ; Nanoparticle ; In vitro ; Cytotoxicity ; Biophysics ; Biodegradable polymer ; Nuclear chemistry ; Polymer ; Materials science ; Biochemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Organic chemistry ; Biology Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics ; Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Authors: 张傲林 Zhang Aolin | 王继芬 Wang Jifen | 刘松 Liu Song | 石学军 Shi Xuejun | 徐晓杰 Xu Xiaojie | 周娣 Zhou Di | 张震 Zhang Zhen
Source: Laser & Optoelectronics Progress (article, 2023-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

快递寄递渠道的减肥药物光谱模式识别方法比较 通过寄递渠道传播的含有非法添加成分的减肥药物是公安机关侦办食药环犯罪的重点打击对象。为快速鉴别此类药物，本研究采用分子光谱分析技术，对含艾司唑仑、西地那非、西布曲明、氟硝西泮、唑吡坦等5种精神管制类药物成分的“减肥药”进行检验，获取了145组光谱数据。采用主成分分析提取主成分因子对数据降维。基于所提取的20维数据，建立FDA模型、KNN模型、SVM模型并进行对比。在模型1中构建3个Fisher判别函数对5类样品进行判别，准确度达到100%；在模型2中K值的变化会影响分类器精度，通过对K值的调整能够快速对5类样品进行分类，准确率达到100%；在模型3中选用RBF核函数，分别对比唑吡坦与其他4类减肥药物分类效果，准确率均达到100%。通过实验中的数据集对唑吡坦不同品牌的样本进行识别和对实际案件进行分析，对公安机关侦办此类案件具有一定参考。 Medicine Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Authors: Scott C. Schmidler | Roy Gene Hughes | Terrence G. Oas | Shiwen Zhao
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2023-09-17)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Efficient Enumeration and Visualization of Helix-coil Ensembles Helix-coil models are routinely used to interpret CD data of helical peptides or predict the helicity of naturally-occurring and designed polypeptides. However, a helix-coil model contains significantly more information than mean helicity alone, as it defines the entire ensemble - the equilibrium population of every possible helix-coil configuration - for a given sequence. Many desirable quantities of this ensemble are either not obtained as ensemble averages, or are not available using standard helicity-averaging calculations. Enumeration of the entire ensemble can allow calculation of a wider set of ensemble properties, but the exponential size of the configuration space typically renders this intractable. We present an algorithm that efficiently approximates the helix-coil ensemble to arbitrary accuracy, by sequentially generating a list of the M highest populated configurations in descending order of population. Truncating this list of (configuration, population) pairs at a desired accuracy provides an approximating sub-ensemble. We demonstrate several uses of this approach for providing insight into helix-coil ensembles and folding mechanisms, including landscape visualization. Helix (gastropod) ; Helicity ; Population ; Electromagnetic coil ; Enumeration ; Visualization ; Sequence (biology) ; Computer science ; Algorithm ; Exponential function ; Theoretical computer science ; Physics ; Statistical physics ; Data mining ; Mathematics ; Combinatorics ; Chemistry ; Particle physics ; Biology ; Quantum mechanics ; Mathematical analysis Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
Authors: Miguel Calixto López Gordillo | Antonio Madueño Luna | José Miguel Madueño Luna | Emilio Ramírez Juidías
Source: Foods (article, 2023-07-24)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Use of Artificial Vision during the Lye Treatment of Sevillian-Style Green Olives to Determine the Optimal Time for Terminating the Cooking Process This study focuses on characterizing the temporal evolution of the surface affected by industrial treatment with NaOH within the processing tanks during the lye treatment stage of Manzanilla table olives. The lye treatment process is affected by multiple variables, such as ambient temperature, the initial temperature of the olives before lye treatment, the temperature of the NaOH solution, the concentration of the solution, the variety of olives, and their size, which are determinants of the speed of the lye treatment process. Traditionally, an expert, relaying on their subjective judgement, manages the cooking process empirically, leading to variability in the termination timing of the cook. In this study, we introduce a system that, by using an artificial vision system, allows us to know in a deterministic way the percentage of lye treatment achieved at each moment along the cooking process; furthermore, with an interpolator that accumulates values during the lye treatment, it is possible to anticipate the completion of the cooking by indicating the moment when two-thirds, three-fourths, or some other value of the interior surface will be reached with an error of less than 10% relative to the optimal moment. Knowing this moment is crucial for proper processing, as it will affect subsequent stages of the manufacturing process and the quality of the final product. Moment (physics) ; Process (computing) ; Product (mathematics) ; Process engineering ; Quality (philosophy) ; Computer science ; Table (database) ; Judgement ; Environmental science ; Mathematics ; Pulp and paper industry ; Operations management ; Engineering ; Data mining Edible Oils Quality and Analysis ; Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Rajesh Kumar Mahto
Source: International Journal of Advanced Academic Studies (article, 2023-03-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Enhanced thermal conductivity and phonon transport mechanisms in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are renowned for their exceptional thermal conductivity, making them promising candidates for next-generation thermal management in nanoscale devices. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of thermal conductivity and phonon transport mechanisms in both single-walled and multi-walled CNTs. The study investigates the influence of key structural parameters such as chirality, diameter, length, and temperature on thermal performance. By comparing theoretical results from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and Boltzmann Transport Equations (BTE) with experimental data, we identify the dominant phonon modes responsible for heat transfer and explore the conditions under which ballistic transport is maintained. Significant variations in reported thermal conductivities are attributed to scattering mechanisms, measurement techniques, and environmental factors. This research bridges the gap between idealized simulations and real-world observations, emphasizing the importance of a unified modelling framework for accurate prediction. The findings highlight the potential of CNTs in thermal interface materials, electronics cooling, and thermoelectric systems, while also outlining the challenges that must be addressed to optimize their practical applications. Overall, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of nanoscale heat transport and provides direction for future experimental and computational research in the field. Carbon nanotube ; Thermal conductivity ; Phonon ; Materials science ; Thermal ; Ballistic conduction in single-walled carbon nanotubes ; Nanotechnology ; Condensed matter physics ; Conductivity ; Chemical physics ; Optical properties of carbon nanotubes ; Nanotube ; Composite material ; Thermodynamics ; Chemistry ; Physics ; Physical chemistry Thermal properties of materials ; Carbon Nanotubes in Composites
Authors: S Sampath | Kumar Reddy | P Vikram | K Murugan | S Venkatesh | R Thirumalai | S Nandhakumar | I Oladele | T Omotosho | A Adediran | E Rossol | B Praveena | A Buradi | N Santhosh | V Vasu | J Hatgundi | A Adeniyi | J Ighalo | D Onifade | K Keya | N Kona | F Koly | K Maraz | M Islam | H Singh | B Dewangan | P Jain | K Sumesh | V Kavimani | G Rajeshkumar | S Indran | G Saikrishnan | M Karim | N Nachippan | Alphonse Raja | V Shasidhar | S Teja | G | D George | P Mallery | T Sathish | P Sunagar | V Singh | S Boopathi | Al-Enizi Am | S Maheswari | V Balaji | P Nirupama | H Panchal | M Rajesh | J Kandasamy | Mallikarjuna Reddy | D Mugeshkannan | V Kar | V | Mugesh Raja | Sathees Kumar | S
Source: NanoWorld Journal (article, 2023-11-03)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Surface Roughness Testing of a New Epoxy-Banana-Fiber Laminate with and Without Stainless-steel Wire Mesh Reinforcement S. Sampath Kumar Reddy and P. Vikram The primary objective of this study is to measure the surface roughness of a laminate made of Banana fibre epoxy reinforced with a stainless steel wire mesh. Composite without Stainless Steel reinforcement is made using 5 plies of bidirectional Banana fiber fabric (B-B-B-B-B) and composite laminate with reinforcement is made using bidirectional sustainable banana fiber fabric and Stainless Steel mesh stacked in sequence (B-SS-B-SS-B). Epoxy ; Materials science ; Reinforcement ; Composite material ; Wire mesh ; Surface roughness ; Fiber ; Structural engineering ; Engineering Textile materials and evaluations ; Material Properties and Processing ; Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: John D. Brewer | Sachin Kulkarni | Aaswath P. Raman
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2023-06-08)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Resonant Anti-Reflection Metasurface for Infrared Transmission Optics A fundamental capability for any transmissive optical component is anti-reflection, yet this capability is challenging to achieve in a cost-efficient manner over longer infrared wavelengths. We demonstrate that Mie resonant nanophotonic structures enhance transmission in Silicon, allowing it to function as an effective optical material over long-wave infrared wavelengths. This approach enables a window optic with up to 40\% greater transmission than equal thickness unpatterned Si. Imaging comparisons with unpatterned silicon and off-the-shelf Germanium optics are shown, as well as basic broadband slant edge MTF measurements. Overall, we demonstrate how Mie-resonant structures can be used to improve optical transmission through window optics of arbitrary lithographically patternable optical media, and highlight their possible use in imaging applications. Optics ; Transmission (telecommunications) ; Nanophotonics ; Infrared ; Broadband ; Optoelectronics ; Reflection (computer programming) ; Wavelength ; Materials science ; Silicon ; Window (computing) ; Physics ; Computer science ; Telecommunications Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Photonic and Optical Devices
Authors: Xiaohan Wang | Jingwen Li | Lingong Dai
Source: Highlights in Science Engineering and Technology (article, 2023-03-29)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

A study of ancient glass based on a modeling perspective As a valuable physical evidence of the cultural exchange between China and the West in ancient times, ancient glass is of great research significance. However, ancient glass is highly susceptible to weathering by the burial environment, and previous studies have only applied statistical methods for simple classification and generalization. In order to further study the composition analysis and prediction of ancient glass, glass subclass classification and identification, this paper constructs a data prediction model based on the theory of chi-square test, decision tree classification, and BP neural network prediction, so that the research on ancient glass can broaden the current research progress from a new perspective. Perspective (graphical) ; Generalization ; Weathering ; Identification (biology) ; Decision tree ; Archaeology ; Artificial intelligence ; Geology ; History ; Computer science ; Epistemology ; Geochemistry ; Philosophy ; Botany Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Remote-Sensing Image Classification ; Advanced Image Fusion Techniques
Authors: Fatih Sağlam | Emre Dünder | Mehmet Ali Cengiz
Source: Journal of Science and Arts (article, 2023-05-30)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

AN ENHANCED CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM BASED ON KERNEL PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS AND DATA COMPLEXITY MEASURES Principal component analysis is commonly used as a pre-step before employing a classifier to avoid the negative effect of the dimensionality and multicollinearity. The performance of a classifier is severely affected by the deviations from the linearity of the data structure and noisy samples. In this paper, we propose a new classification system that overcomes the drawback of these crucial problems, simultaneously. Our proposal is relying on the kernel principal component analysis with a proper parameter selection approach with data complexity measures. According to the empirical results, F1, T2 and T3 in AUC, T3 in GMEAN and T2 and T3 in MCC performed better than classical and other complexity measures. Comparison of classifiers showed that Radial SVM performs better in AUC, and KNN performs better in GMEAN and MCC using KPCA with complexity measures. As a result, our proposed system produces better results in various classification algorithms with respect to classical approach. Principal component analysis ; Multicollinearity ; Kernel principal component analysis ; Artificial intelligence ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Computer science ; Classifier (UML) ; Support vector machine ; Curse of dimensionality ; Kernel (algebra) ; Machine learning ; Data mining ; Mathematics ; Kernel method ; Regression analysis Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Fault Detection and Control Systems ; Advanced Statistical Methods and Models
Authors: Saikat Mukherjee | Moumita Kar | Mansi Bhati | Xing Gao | Mario Barbatti
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2023-04-03)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

On the short and long phosphorescence lifetimes of aromatic carbonyls Abstract This work applies theoretical and computational methods to investigate the relationship between phosphorescence lifetime and the electronic character of the lowest triplet state of aromatic carbonyls. A formal analysis of the spin-perturbed wave functions shows that phosphorescence is due to a direct spin-orbit coupling mechanism modulated by permanent dipoles when the T 1 minimum is 3 n π*. If the minimum is a totally symmetric 3 ππ*, phosphorescence is due to an indirect spin-orbit coupling mechanism involving transition dipole moments with other excited states. The magnitude difference between permanent and transition dipoles leads to a much faster 3 n π* phosphoresce than 3 ππ* if vibronic coupling effects are not considered. These predictions were verified with phosphorescence lifetime simulations of benzaldehyde and its three derivatives in the gas phase employing a vertical approximation as well as the nuclear ensemble approach. Both simulation methods deliver good results for molecules with a 3 n π* T 1 minimum. Nevertheless, vertical simulations fail for those molecules with a 3 ππ* T 1 minimum due to the overwhelming importance of vibronic couplings. Phosphorescence ; Dipole ; Excited state ; Coupling (piping) ; Chemistry ; Vibronic coupling ; Spin–orbit interaction ; Molecule ; Benzaldehyde ; Work (physics) ; Photochemistry ; Transition dipole moment ; Atomic physics ; Molecular physics ; Physics ; Materials science ; Fluorescence ; Quantum mechanics ; Catalysis Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials ; Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Research ; Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures
Authors: Amrinder Singh
Source: Pharmaspire (article, 2023-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Role of regulatory affairs in nanoparticles formulation Nanoparticles are small particles that have a wide range of potential applications, including drug delivery, imaging, and diagnostics. However, the safety and efficacy of nanoparticles are still not fully understood, and there are concerns about their potential to cause toxicity. Regulatory affairs professionals play a key role in ensuring the safety and efficacy of nanoparticles by interpreting and applying regulatory guidelines, conducting safety assessments, and preparing regulatory submissions. They also communicate with regulatory agencies throughout the development and commercialization of nanoparticle products. By carefully performing these tasks, regulatory affairs professionals can help to bring these innovative products to market while protecting the public health. The role of regulatory affairs in nanoparticles formulation is complex and challenging, but it is essential to ensure the safety and efficacy of these innovative products. By carefully performing their duties, regulatory affairs professionals can help to bring these products to market and improve the lives of millions of people. Regulatory affairs ; Political science ; Public administration Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications