jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Mohammedalameen Ahmed Aldaw Alhussein | Ahmad Zaki | Diana Prameswari | Seplika Yadi | Restu Faizah | Adiza Jamadin | Adryan Fitrayudha
Source: BIO Web of Conferences (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Combining High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Plastic Waste with Sand for Sustainable Construction in Plastic Brick Manufacturing Plastic waste poses a significant environmental challenge due to its long decomposition time. A promising solution involves converting plastic waste into construction bricks, including applications for floating structures. This study explores the feasibility of utilizing high-density polyethylene mixed with sand to produce sustainable building bricks. A total of 9 test specimens and 3 control specimens, all made entirely from HDPE, were prepared. Three investigations were conducted. The first method combined HDPE with sand in ratios of 70%–100% HDPE and 0–30% sand. The highest compressive strength, 51.43 MPa, and shear strength (0.700 MPa) were achieved with more sand content. All rations met the lightweight criteria and showed minimal weight. The water absorption in HDPE blended with sand at varying ratios affects the moisture resistance. With 70% HDPE and 30% sand additive, HDPE-sand absorbed 1.3342% water. Next were 80% HDPE-20% sand 0.5775% and 90% HDPE-10% sand (0.4876%). absorbed the least water at 100% HDPE, 0.3982%. Ratios enhance water resistance, making them suitable for moisture-sensitive applications. The 100% HDPE control group has a density of 0.08814 in all combinations, ranging from 0.0932 with 10% sand, whereas the 80% HDPE-20% sand density increases to 0.0982. The maximum density is 70% HDPE-30% sand. Overall, HDPE mixed with sand improved strength and ensured material stability, making these blends viable for eco-friendly construction. High-density polyethylene ; Plastic waste ; Absorption of water ; Polyethylene ; Compressive strength ; Construction industry ; Brick ; Shear strength (soil) Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Innovative concrete reinforcement materials ; Hygrothermal properties of building materials
Authors: Li Chen | Yanpeng Feng | Keqin Ding
Source: Journal of Physics Conference Series (article, 2025-08-01)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Magnetic measurement during tensile testing of ferromagnetic materials and force-magnetic dual-variable characterization of damage Abstract With the growing demand for safety assessment of engineering structures in modern industry, the importance of non-destructive testing technology for damage evaluation in ferromagnetic materials has become increasingly prominent. This study focuses on Q235 steel as the research subject. An integrated experimental platform was established, combining tensile testing with Magnetic Barkhausen Noise (MBN) measurement technology to systematically investigate the evolution of magnetic hysteresis loop parameters during different deformation stages and their correlation with material damage. The experiment employed a stepwise loading strategy to synchronously acquire mechanical and magnetic signal data, with key parameters such as coercivity (Hc) extracted using the integral curve method. Results demonstrate that Hc exhibits linear growth during the elastic stage, while showing a nonlinear increasing trend in the plastic stage due to dislocation pinning effects. Based on the stress-strain relationship and magnetic property variations, a force-magnetic dual-variable damage model was developed, achieving a quantitative assessment of material damage through coercivity measurements. This research provides novel theoretical foundations and technical approaches for non-destructive testing of ferromagnetic materials, demonstrating significant engineering application value. Characterization (materials science) ; Materials science ; Ferromagnetism ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Tensile testing ; Composite material ; Condensed matter physics ; Nanotechnology ; Physics Magnetic Properties and Applications ; Non-Destructive Testing Techniques ; Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels
Authors: Chen Gao | Zhou Han | Gaofei Wang | Wentao Huang
Source: Photonics (article, 2025-11-15)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Structure-Optimized Photonic Phase-Change Memory Achieving High Storage Density and Endurance Towards Reconfigurable Telecommunication Systems Next-generation photonic memory, leveraging broad spectral operability and electromagnetic immunity, enables ultrafast data storage with high density, overcoming the physical limitations of silicon-based electronic memory in the post-Moore era. Phase-change materials (PCMs) are particularly promising for photonic memory due to their exceptional optical contrast between amorphous and crystalline states. Furthermore, photonic phase-change memory can be deployed as tunable components (such as optical attenuators and delay lines) within reconfigurable integrated photonic systems for telecommunications and computing. Here, we optimize the thickness of PCM cells to maximize crystalline-state light absorption and enhance transmission contrast. The resulting photonic memory achieves outstanding performance: ultralow-energy programming (0.96 pJ/operation), 9 fJ detection sensitivity, &gt;105 s retention, 6000-cycle endurance, and multi-level storage capacity (209 distinct states). Furthermore, by structuring the PCM into a micro-cylinder array atop a PCM film, we achieve stable transmission contrast through 2 × 106 cycles—far exceeding the durability of single-cell structures—and an 8.69 dB improvement in contrast over film-free micro-cylinder arrays. These advances highlight the critical role of microstructural optimization in enabling high-performance, on-chip photonic memory for future integrated photonic telecommunication and computing systems. Photonics ; Transmission (telecommunications) ; Data transmission ; Ultrashort pulse ; Photonic crystal ; Optical switch ; Photonic integrated circuit ; Computer data storage Phase-change materials and chalcogenides ; Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics ; Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing
Authors: Ahmad Alhawarat | Ramadan Sabra | Mehiddin Al‐Baali | Hamid El Hor | Shahrina Ismail | Ali Jaradat
Source: Journal of Computer Science (article, 2025-07-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

A Developed Version of Conjugate Gradient Method With a New Parameter for Dai-Liao Conjugacy Condition With an Application to Solar Panel Conjugate Gradient (CG) methods are broadly employed in solving bigger-scale unconstrained optimization problems. Two famous methods are the&nbsp;Hestenes&ndash;Stiefel (HS) as well as Polak&ndash;Ribi&egrave;re&ndash;Polyak (PRP)&nbsp;CG methods, which usually work well in practice. However, they cannot satisfy the Global Convergence (GC) property. To retain and enhance the previous practical behavior as well as rectify the latter difficulty, this paper constructs a new CG method based on the Dai-Liao conjugacy condition, the Restart Property (RP), and the Lipschitz constant. It is refined that the suggested method meets the sufficient Descent Condition (DC), and the GC properties with the new RP depend on the Lipschitz Constant (LC).&nbsp; To study the behavior of the method, we compared its performance with that of the useful CG-Descent 6.8 as well as non-negative Dai-Liao methods by applying them to 143 optimization problems that are selected from the CUTEst library. The numerical findings indicate that the newly proposed method surpasses the latter two methods as well as other recently published CG methods in terms of the number of iterations, the number of functions, gradient evaluations as well as the CPU time required to solve the problems. In addition, we present an application of the considered CG methods to the solar panel for dust effect and prevent dust accumulation and optimize module performance. Computer science ; Conjugate gradient method ; Conjugacy class ; Conjugate ; Applied mathematics ; Algorithm ; Mathematics ; Mathematical analysis ; Discrete mathematics Textile materials and evaluations
Authors: Suresh S Suresh S | L. Josephine Mary Dr. L. Josephine Mary
Source: International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (article, 2025-08-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Amelioration of Eco Shield Insulation with Exhaustive Paradigm Building materials made from horticultural and modern waste are gaining traction in structural design due to their sustainability and ease of use. This study explores biodegradable composites made from rice husk, wheat husk, wood fibers, and fabric waste strands, combined with a PBAT/PLA binder processed by hot pressing. The PBAT/PLA binder bonds better with wood and fabric fibers than with wheat and rice husks. The composites show thermal stability up to 250°C, compressive strength of 11–40 MPa, and flexural strength of 0.8–2.25 MPa, suitable for construction. Rice husk composites have a low density (378 kg/m³), good insulation (thermal conductivity 0.08 W/mK), low water absorption (42%), and remain durable after 24 hours in water, making them excellent insulation materials. The Eco Shield Rice Husk Insulation builds on this by producing high-performance insulation from rice husks, reducing waste and offering a sustainable alternative to energy-intensive materials like fiberglass and polystyrene. Its manufacturing process lowers environmental impact through reduced energy use and emissions while supporting a circular economy by converting waste into valuable resources. Computational methods optimize the design, enhancing the system’s overall efficiency and cost-effectiveness Shield ; Forensic engineering ; Environmental science ; Engineering ; Geology ; Petrology Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials ; Hygrothermal properties of building materials
Authors: Edwin Gilberto Choca Alcoser | Jorge Alcocer | Lessly Yessenya Choca Higuera
Source: Esprint Investigación (article, 2025-07-03)
Field: Chemistry — Electrochemistry

Electrofisiología del corazón humano: de la bioelectricidad celular a las aplicaciones clínicas La electrofisiología cardíaca humana ha experimentado una evolución, pasando del estudio de los mecanismos bioeléctricos celulares, como la generación y propagación de potenciales de acción y la función de los canales iónicos, a su aplicación clínica en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades cardíacas. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar un análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica relacionada con este campo, con el fin de identificar su evolución temporal, los actores más influyentes y las principales áreas temáticas abordadas. Para ello, se recuperaron estudios desde la base de datos Scopus mediante una estrategia de búsqueda enfocada en términos clave vinculados a la electrofisiología, la bioelectricidad celular y sus aplicaciones clínicas. Se analizaron un total de 409 publicaciones utilizando el software Bibliometrix, a través de su interfaz Biblioshiny. Los resultados evidenciaron un crecimiento sostenido en la producción científica, con un notable incremento en las últimas dos décadas. Revistas de alto impacto, como Cardiovascular Research y Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, junto con autores como Dobrev D. y Nattel S., destacaron por su influencia en el campo. Asimismo, Estados Unidos, Alemania y Reino Unido fueron los países con mayor frecuencia de contribuciones, mientras que los términos más recurrentes reflejan el interés sostenido por los mecanismos celulares y su aplicación clínica. Las redes de colaboración revelaron una fuerte interconexión entre instituciones europeas y norteamericanas. En conclusión, este estudio proporciona una visión integral de la evolución, actores clave y tendencias temáticas en electrofisiología cardíaca, ofreciendo un marco útil para orientar futuras investigaciones en el área. Humanities ; Art Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
Authors: Jan Graffelman
Source: Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics (article, 2025-02-24)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Biplots for the Correlation Matrix The visualization of the correlation matrix by means of biplots is considered. The classical centering operations, either by the overall mean, the column means, or row and column means are shown to be problematic for the visualisation of the correlation matrix, and sub-optimal in terms of goodness-of-fit. More flexible adjustments are possible by using a single scalar adjustment, a set of column scalars or both row-and-column scalars using a weighted alternating least squares algorithm. Recently, correlation biplots with a single scalar adjustment have been advocated and outperform the usual correlation biplots made by principal component analysis. This article presents an iterative algorithm for a column adjustment of the correlation matrix with the goal of improving the goodness-of-fit over the the use of a single scalar adjustment and studies its usefulness in practical data analysis. The resulting biplots are harder to read but can be made more interpretable by using correlation tally sticks. Correlation tally sticks are advocated for improving the visualization of correlation structure. The weighted root mean squared error is used to compare low-dimensional approximations to the correlation matrix across methods. Biplot ; Correlation ; Mathematics ; Matrix (chemical analysis) ; Covariance matrix ; Statistics ; Computer science ; Statistical physics ; Biology ; Physics ; Materials science ; Geometry ; Genetics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Genetics and Plant Breeding ; Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
Authors: Christiaan Terpstra | Sander Breevaart | Puneet Mishra
Source: NIR news (article, 2025-06-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Using computer vision deep learning models to benefit NIR hyperspectral image processing This study demonstrates the application of open-source deep learning models from the computer vision domain to streamline tasks in near-infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging (HSI) data processing. Specifically, it demonstrates a challenging case of dry matter prediction in mango fruits under conditions typical for fruit importers and exporters, who often need to assess the quality parameters of fruit packed in boxes. NIR HSI offers a non-destructive alternative to traditional hot air oven drying for dry matter determination. However, processing HSI images of fruit boxes presents challenges due to objects touching, overlapping, or being partially hidden, which complicates traditional HSI analysis. Modern artificial intelligence (AI) approaches can simplify such HSI data analysis, and integrating AI with chemometric modeling represents a promising future direction for NIR HSI data processing. Hyperspectral imaging ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer science ; Deep learning ; Image processing ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Computer vision ; Image (mathematics) Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
Authors: Shasha Lv | Yingtao Ma | Chong Tian | Jie Gao | Yumeng Zhao | Z C Li
Source: Journal of Nuclear Engineering (article, 2025-12-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Finite Element Simulation on Irradiation Effect of Nuclear Graphite with Real Three-Dimensional Pore Structure The structural integrity of nuclear graphite is paramount for the lifespan of High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors. The nuclear graphite components operate under extreme conditions involving high temperature, pressure, and intense neutron irradiation, leading to complex service behavior that is difficult to characterize only by experimental methods. This study employs the finite element method (FEM) to assess component stress and failure risk. The ManUMAT simulation method was first validated against irradiation data for Gilsocarbon graphite from an Advanced Gas-Cooled Reactor and was subsequently applied to stress–strain analysis of the nuclear graphite bricks in the HTR-PM side reflector layer. The 3D micropore structure of nuclear graphite was obtained via X-μCT and reconstructed in Avizo to establish an FEM model based on the actual pore geometry. Simulations of nuclear graphite over a 30 full-power-year service period predicted a significant contraction on the core-side and minimal thermal expansion on the out-side driven by the neutron doses. This research establishes a finite element framework that extends the ManUMAT approach by integrating a realistic pore structure model, thereby providing a foundation for quantifying the microstructural effects on macroscopic performance. Nuclear graphite ; Graphite ; Finite element method ; Nuclear reactor ; Neutron ; Irradiation ; Stress (linguistics) Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies ; Nuclear reactor physics and engineering ; Radiation Shielding Materials Analysis
Authors: Semra Gürbüz | Aslı ÇELİKEL
Source: Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi (article, 2025-12-23)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Mineral and Heavy Metal Contents of Traditional Cheeses Produced in Southeastern Anatolia, Türkiye This study aimed to determine the mineral and heavy metal contents of traditional cheeses from the Southeastern Anatolia region of Türkiye, and to assess inter-provincial differences as well as potential public health risks. A total of 30 cheese samples were analyzed for 15 minerals using the Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), including Mardin Melted Cheese (Mardin), Şırnak Herbed Cheese (Şırnak), Batman Koçer Cheese (Batman), Diyarbakır Braided Cheese (Diyarbakır), and Urfa/Şanlıurfa Cheese (Şanlıurfa). Intergroup differences were evaluated using ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis tests, relationships between minerals were assessed with correlation analysis, and geographical origins were examined using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Mean mineral concentrations, from highest to lowest, were Na &gt; Ca &gt; K &gt; Mg &gt; Zn &gt; Fe &gt; Al &gt; Pb &gt; Cu &gt; Cd &gt; Mn &gt; Cr &gt; Ni &gt; Se &gt; As. Correlation analysis indicated strong positive associations between certain minerals, such as Pb and Cd, and notable negative associations, such as Zn and Ni, suggesting some elements co-occur while others vary inversely due to shared environmental or production-related factors. Principal Component Analysis identified six components explaining 80.80% of variance, showing province-specific patterns: higher Pb and Cd in Şırnak, elevated Ni, Mg, and Mn in Şanlıurfa, increased Ca and Zn in Diyarbakır and Batman, and an intermediate composition in Mardin. These findings underscore the importance of regularly monitoring heavy metals, including Pb, Cd, and As, in traditional cheeses to ensure food safety and protect public health. Mineral ; Heavy metals ; Principal component analysis ; Metal ; Positive correlation ; Negative correlation Heavy Metals in Plants ; Probiotics and Fermented Foods ; Heavy metals in environment
Authors: Mario Matijević | Andrea Kaselj | Krešimir Trontl
Source: Journal of Energy - Energija (article, 2025-12-17)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Point-Kernel Shielding Applications of Sievert Integral The application of a point-kernel technique in gamma radiation shielding calculations has a long and successful history. Using this approach radiation sources of various shapes such as point, linear, planar, or volumetric can be subdivided using the linear superposition principle to calculate total radiation received at a detector. Mathematically, any form of a distributed source may be treated as a summation i.e. integration of the radiation received from an equivalent number of point sources, for which exponential point-kernel function is analytically known. Fundamental assumption is that there is no interaction of individual, point sources which together represent total distributed radiation source. The effects of geometrical boundaries and gamma scattering are not included in this treatment, so user should be aware of these inherent limitations when comparing with reference results, such as Monte Carlo (MC) solution. This paper presents specific case of gamma flux attenuation from a distributed line source of photons in front of a slab shield, but is actually part of a larger effort, whose final goal is a general-purpose point-kernel code development. The solution of a line source with slab shield is known as the secant or Sievert integral, which cannot be evaluated analytically, so auxiliary tabulated function is introduced to facilitate bilinear interpolation on angle and shield thickness. Such code written in C-language will provide graphical user interface to assist user with necessary input data preparation and selection of predefined shielding materials for which Taylor buildup factors are provided. This paper gives programming and numerical aspects of such point-kernel code for which results of the test cases are compared with a MC solution of SCALE6.1.3 code package. Electromagnetic shielding ; Superposition principle ; Point (geometry) ; Interpolation (computer graphics) ; Source code ; Photon ; Line (geometry) ; Monte Carlo method ; Attenuation ; Function (biology) Radiation Shielding Materials Analysis ; Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies ; Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
Authors: 李新羽 Li Xinyu | 黄字文 Huang Ziwen | 李正羲 Li Zhengxi | 曹芸彬 Cao Yunbin | 李占锋 Li Zhanfeng | 尚丽平 Shang Liping | 邓琥 Deng Hu | 武志翔 Wu Zhixiang
Source: Chinese Journal of Lasers (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

远场超分辨双焦点聚焦器件设计及实现 双焦点器件在高分辨率显微镜成像、激光切割等领域中有着广泛的应用。现有双焦点器件存在结构复杂、加工难度大等问题。提出了一种基于空间光调制器的远场超分辨双焦点聚焦光场构建方法。基于光学超振荡原理，结合二进制粒子群优化算法和角谱衍射理论，设计了两个具有不同焦距的单焦点聚焦二值相位超振荡掩模。通过布尔逻辑“与”运算，得到双焦点聚焦二值相位超振荡掩模。采用该方法，针对波长λ=632.8 nm的圆偏振光，设计了焦距分别为280000λ（177184 μm）和300000λ（189840 μm）的双焦点聚焦超振荡掩模。实验中，将超振荡掩模载入空间光调制器，成功实现了远场超分辨双焦点聚焦。实验结果与理论计算结果高度一致：两个聚焦焦斑的横向峰值半峰全宽分别为20.333 μm和20.353 μm，均低于对应的衍射极限，同时保持了较低的旁瓣。该方法具有易于实现、设计焦距可控等优点，在光通信、生物医学成像等领域中具有广阔的应用前景。 Computer science Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications
Authors: Yueqi Liu | Ke Han | Yu Lei | Wenrui Tu
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-02-03)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Navigating pollution: A multimodal approach to traffic and exposure management Few studies quantify how traffic management dynamically reshapes modal split and emission-exposure outcomes over pollution severities. This paper proposes a novel day-to-day assignment model integrating exposure cost, which includes exposure perception and emissions-dispersion-exposure algorithm. Numerical experiments reveal that and various levels of traffic-related measures have an air pollution scenario-dependent effect on the MT system. In light pollution scenarios, vehicle restrictions and reduced fares for buses or ridesharing help lower car usage and reduce emissions and exposure. However, under heavy pollution, higher-level restrictions and ridesharing fares paradoxically increase travelers' exposure by 18% and 6.3%, respectively, due to modal shift. Furthermore, timely pollution information updates could plausibly encourage healthier travel. This paper also proposes practical strategies for both routine and emergency traffic management, considering the trade-offs among travel cost, emission, and exposure, and emphasizes the need for measures tailored to different air pollution contexts to offer deeper insights for urban traffic policies. Pollution ; Environmental planning ; Environmental science ; Computer science History and advancements in chemistry ; Risk and Safety Analysis ; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting