jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Hyunwoo Son | Honggu Choi | Sun‐Je Kim | Y. Jeong
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2026-03-15)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Engineering bright directional emission from 2D semiconductor in double resonance metal-dielectric metasurface cavity Controlling directionality and efficiency of light emission from quantum emitters is crucial for a wide range of applications including display, laser, and single photon source. Recently, two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides have emerged as key materials to realize quantum light sources, while resonant metasurfaces have attracted considerable attention due to their unprecedented ability to modify optical properties such as polarization, phase, directivity, Purcell factor, and spectrum. In this study, we propose a novel design method of light emitting metasurface to engineer double resonances for enhancement of directional photoluminescence from a monolayer WS2. By integrating a monolayer WS2 film on sapphire with a hybrid metal-dielectric metasurface resonator, the structure supports double resonances at the pump and emission wavelengths, at the same time. The hybrid metasurface resonator consists of silicon nanograting overlaid with a low index spacer and a silver mirror on top. In the proposed hybrid structure, the metallic mirror is incorporated to support Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavity resonances while the silicon nanograting serves as the main resonator to concentrate electromagnetic energy and transfer it to the WS2 layer below the nanograting. This design enables coupling between the five modes: two FP resonances, Mie-resonance, Rayleigh-Wood anomaly, and the exciton resonance of a monolayer WS2. The high directivity of emitted PL primarily attributes to the Rayleigh-Wood anomaly, while the total emission enhancement arises from the double resonance induced by hybridization of the five resonances. Therefore, we numerically demonstrate the emission enhancement exceeding 56-fold, assuming a collection numerical aperture of 0.1. Resonator ; Resonance (particle physics) ; Monolayer ; Purcell effect ; Silicon ; Directivity ; Coupling (piping) ; Photoluminescence ; Exciton ; Sapphire Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies
Authors: Jing Wei | Abdul Qayum | Qingmin Chen | Qiangqiang Xiao | Zhenghong Hao | Chengzhi Xiang | Jianxin Fu
Source: Molecules (article, 2026-02-28)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Chitosan Electrospun Membranes Possess Natural pH-Responsive Indicators for Smart Real-Time Spoilage Detection of Shrimp Ensuring the simple, rapid, and real-time monitoring of the freshness of fresh food items is essential for maintaining food safety. By reacting with characteristic substances generated during spoilage, pH-responsive indicators can effectively reveal the degree of food freshness. In this study, a mixture of hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and blueberry anthocyanins (BAs) was adopted and, via an electrospinning strategy, changed into a membrane coupled with a pH-responsive ability to assess the freshness of shrimp. The results showed that HACC/PVA-BA membranes with a HACC: PVA ratio of 1:4 exhibited enhanced hydrophobicity, better WVP properties (4.32 × 10<sup>-9</sup> g m<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> Pa<sup>-1</sup>), a rapid pH-response ability within 5 s and super radical scavenging capacity (56.34% for DPPH and 54.74% for ABTS radicals). HACC's immutable positive charge creates a strong electrostatic field that pre-concentrates spoilage-generated ammonia and intensifies the protonation state of BAs, which dramatically enhances colorimetric sensitivity and rapid response to volatile amines. Moreover, a satisfactory antibacterial ability for <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i> were also evidenced: HACC/PVA-BA (1:4) membranes achieved a maximum inhibition rate of 64.9% for <i>E. coli</i> and 62.2% for <i>S. aureus</i>. Once applied to monitor the freshness of shrimp stored at 4 °C, the HACC/PVA-BA (1:4) membranes were able to indicate shrimp freshness through visually recognizable color changes within 3 h, which correlated strongly with the spoilage indicators of total volatile basic nitrogen, total viable count, and pH value. It is suggested that the intelligent pH-responsive membranes show great potential for practical application in monitoring food freshness. Food spoilage ; Membrane ; Shrimp ; Trimethylamine ; Chitosan ; Active packaging ; ABTS ; Electrospinning Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety ; Meat and Animal Product Quality
Authors: Edwin R. Caballero-Agosto | Louang D. Cruz-Dorta | Samuel P. Hernandez-Rivera | Leonardo C. Pacheco-Londoño | Ricardo Infante-Castillo
Source: Sensors (article, 2026-02-18)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Detection and Quantification of Corn Starch and Wheat Flour as Adulterants in Milk Powder by Raman Spectroscopy Coupled with Chemometric Routines Adulteration of milk powder (MP) is performed, especially in underdeveloped countries, by adding corn starch (CS) or wheat flour (WF) without mentioning it. Multiple techniques have been established to reduce these deceptive methods. Most of these techniques require samples to be sent to the laboratory for results through a time-consuming, expert-requiring, and destructive procedure. Raman spectroscopy (RS) has seen application due to the availability of portable modalities and its non-destructive, water-insensitive nature. Using principal component analysis (PCA), the differences and similarities between MP and the adulterants (CS and WF) have been evaluated. To quantify the percentages of CS and WF binary mixtures independently with MP, partial least squares regression (PLSR) has been employed. A total of 70 MP samples independently adulterated with CS and WF were prepared. Thirteen chemometric modes were developed by combining the first and second derivatives with Standard Normal Variate (SNV) and Multiplicative Scatter Correction (MSC) to quantify adulteration. The results obtained for CS and WF mixtures show errors of 0.76 and 0.77 %<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>, respectively, with the optimized math pretreatment. These results demonstrate that the portable RS modality can be used as an effective technique for detecting adulterants in milk powder. Partial least squares regression ; Wheat flour ; Corn starch ; Starch ; Principal component analysis ; Raman spectroscopy ; Chemometrics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Food composition and properties ; Identification and Quantification in Food
Authors: Khaled Badawy | Lianxi Zheng | Nirpendra Singh
Source: npj Computational Materials (article, 2026-03-19)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Discovery of a novel half metallic 2D Cr2Se3 monolayer with high Curie temperature from correlated antiferromagnetic 2D CrSe2 Robust two-dimensional magnets are essential for next-generation spintronics. Using first-principles calculations, we demonstrate that only the antiferromagnetic 1H- and 1T-CrSe2 exhibit stable magnon dispersions. The preferred stability of 1T phase originates from spin-ordering polarization of correlated Cr-d states among three low-lying crystal-field levels. These levels are localized with distinct orbital character in the 1T phase, but delocalized in the 1H phase. The full occupation of low-lying levels leads to antiferromagnetic exchange, yielding Néel temperatures of 310 K (1T) and 274 K (1H). By introducing 25% Se line defects in CrSe2 monolayer, we predict a novel monolayer Cr2Se3 in H and T phases (analogous to their parent 1H/1T-CrSe2). Both Cr2Se3 phases are stable and are half-metallic, with spin (↓) band gaps of 1.39 eV (H) and 2.28 eV (T). Cr2Se3/h-BN heterostructures preserve the electronic properties, indicating feasible growth on h-BN substrates. In both phases, the partial occupation of the low-lying crystal-field levels enhances ferromagnetic exchange through hopping between occupied and unoccupied orbitals. Remarkably, Curie temperatures based on the Heisenberg Hamiltonian reach 547 K (H) and 606 K (T). The H phase satisfies the Stoner criterion, while the Heisenberg-like T phase shifts toward the Stoner regime under 2–4% biaxial tensile strain. These results position Cr2Se3 as a promising half-metallic 2D magnet. Antiferromagnetism ; Ferromagnetism ; Curie temperature ; Delocalized electron ; Monolayer ; Spintronics ; Magnon ; Curie ; Hamiltonian (control theory) 2D Materials and Applications ; Heusler alloys: electronic and magnetic properties ; Iron-based superconductors research
Authors: Yuanyuan Fan | Xun Zheng | Ruonan Sun | Han Luo | Tao Wei
Source: Collagen and Leather (article, 2026-02-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Applications of nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disorders Thyroid ; Regeneration (biology) ; Biocompatibility ; Drug delivery ; Thyroid nodules ; Clinical Practice ; Thyroid cancer ; Targeted drug delivery Collagen: Extraction and Characterization ; Bone Tissue Engineering Materials ; Silk-based biomaterials and applications
Authors: Yusei Okuda | Ryo Konno | Tomomi Taguchi | Makoto Itakura | Takashi Matsui | Takeshi Miyatsuka | Osamu Ohara | Yusuke Kawashima | Yasuhiro Kodera
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (article, 2026-02-05)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

DIA-MS based plasma peptidomic workflow for profiling organ-derived peptides Abstract Plasma contains diverse bioactive peptides that play crucial roles in maintaining homeostasis and regulating disease responses. However, the presence of peptides derived from high-abundance proteins such as albumin makes comprehensive analysis of native peptides secreted by organs challenging. This study aimed to establish a highly sensitive plasma peptidomic approach by combining data-independent acquisition (DIA) with spectral libraries of plasma and organs. First, peptides were extracted from plasma and eleven organ types using a high-yield peptide extraction method, the differential solubilization method. These peptides were then measured via data-dependent acquisition (DDA) analysis using a timsTOF HT for constructing empirical spectral library. Subsequently, DIA-MS data from plasma samples were measured and analyzed using this spectral library. This strategy achieved identification of, on average, over 5,500 peptides per run, with over 2,000 organ-derived peptides including 19 known bioactive peptides. The novel strategy proposed here enables highly sensitive quantitative analysis of organ-derived peptides in plasma, linking them to their secreting organs. It is expected to substantially contribute not only to the discovery of biomarkers and novel bioactive peptides but also to elucidating the pathophysiology of systemic diseases. Peptide ; Human plasma ; Profiling (computer programming) ; Albumin ; Proteomics ; Workflow ; Identification (biology) ; Spectral analysis ; Proteome Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
Authors: Moran Chen | Yanhong Hao | Xiao Huang | Pengfei Wu | Jian Sun | Bing Zhang | Suming Chen
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2026-02-10)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

XL-MSDigger: a deep learning-based, versatile solution for cross-linking mass spectrometry Cross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) technology plays an important role in protein structure and protein-protein interaction (PPI) studies. However, there are serious shortcomings in the data processing and analysis methods of XL-MS that limit its ability to perform in-depth analysis. Here, we built a deep learning-based XL-MS versatile platform, XL-MSDigger, to address the bottlenecks of XL-MS technology. The foundation of this platform is a deep learning-based multidimensional information prediction tool, Deep4D-XL, for cross-linked peptides. This tool is capable of accurately predicting retention time, collisional cross-section, and fragment ion intensity information of cross-linked peptides. Through the multidimensional information prediction, we develop rescoring algorithms and workflows for DDA and DIA analysis data, which improve the coverage of DDA-based XL-MS identification, and realize the evaluation of false discovery rate and high-reliability identification of DIA-based XL-MS analysis. In addition, XL-MSDigger enables DIA-based XL-MS analysis using predicted spectral libraries, allowing improved detection of protein-protein interactions in targeted or moderate-scale interaction analyses. We believe that the XL-MSDigger platform can be widely used as a general solution to enhance the performance of XL-MS analysis. Workflow ; Limit (mathematics) ; Mass spectrometry ; Identification (biology) ; Tandem mass spectrometry ; Deep learning Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Machine Learning in Bioinformatics
Authors: Zihong Wu | Yuexing Wu
Source: Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review (article, 2026-02-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Fruit-YOLO11: A Lightweight Framework for Fine-Grained Detection in Assessing Fruit Freshness In intelligent sorting scenarios within agricultural supply chains, the early mild spoilage of fruits often manifests solely as high-frequency micro-textural changes, including mycelia, microcracks, and slight browning.These changes are easily masked by extensive areas of healthy peel.Simultaneously, detection models deployed in resource-constrained environments generally experience a coupled contradiction: the coexistence of spatial computational redundancy with the loss of fine-grained features.To achieve efficient and accurate detection for the fine-grained assessment of fruit freshness on edge devices, a lightweight framework for detection, called Fruit-YOLO11, was proposed in this study.By integrating adaptive downsampling and partial convolution, the backbone and neck networks of YOLO11 were structurally reconstructed.This reconstruction established a mechanism for spatial redundancy suppression and efficient feature transmission that specifically target healthy peel regions.Furthermore, an attention-driven intrinsic feature integration head was designed to dynamically recalibrate and enhance microscopic pathological features, including early mycelia, physiological microcracks, and slight browning, which are prone to attenuation during feature compression.The effectiveness of each module was verified through comparative and ablation experiments on a multi-class dataset for fruits.Results demonstrate that, when the number of parameters and computational complexity are reduced by 21.6% and 25.4%, respectively, compared with the baseline model, Fruit-YOLO11 maintains a real-time inference speed of 70.9 frames per second, and detection accuracy increases to 78.6%.The proposed framework exhibits higher recognition sensitivity to the fine-grained features of early mild spoilage and a lower risk of missed detections.This study provides a technical solution that balances real-time performance and accuracy for the large-scale assessment of fruit freshness.This solution can be employed in low-cost edge computing devices within automated sorting lines for smart agriculture. Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies ; Smart Agriculture and AI
Authors: Alexander J Healey | Kaijian Xing | Weiyao Zhao | Islay O. Robertson | Tan, Hark Hoe | Mehran Kianinia | Igor Aharonovich | Jean-Philippe Tetienne | Julie Karel | David A. Broadway
Source: ArXiv.org (article, 2026-02-24)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Omnidirectional magnetic imaging of magnetic anisotropy and phase transitions Micron scale imaging of magnetic fields is an important tool for understanding the evolution of magnetism through phase transitions and as a result of interactions inside of heterostructures. However, most imaging platforms, like the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centre in diamond, are restricted to applying magnetic fields along the quantisation axis of the quantum sensor. This greatly restricts the utility of these systems for exploring materials that emit strong fields or exhibit variable response with respect to the applied field direction. Here we explore an alternative approach using weakly coupled spin-pairs in hBN that exhibit a spin-1/2-like behaviour and an isotropic response to magnetic field. We demonstrate that the spin-pair system can operate in the presence of strong fields from a thin film magnet which were incompatible with NV diamond imaging even with applied fields along the quantisation axis. Further, we demonstrate that using this platform allows for imaging with an arbitrary applied magnetic field direction, allowing us to probe the anisotropy and spin-reorientation transition in the ferrimagnet TbMn$_6$Sn$_6$. Finally, we propose an improved geometry for imaging small anisotropy contributions such as crystalline anisotropy. These results demonstrate how this or similar spin-1/2 systems might be used for imaging magnetic materials that are incompatible with other techniques despite the reduction in sensitivity compared with NV in diamond imaging. Magnetic field ; Ferrimagnetism ; Anisotropy ; Magnetism ; Diamond ; Phase transition ; Magnetic anisotropy ; Magnet ; Isotropy Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research ; Chemical and Physical Properties of Materials ; Magnetic properties of thin films
Authors: Yu‐Liang Tsai | Karla K. Rivera | Nayeong Jeon | Bernd Knöll | Christopher V. Synatschke
Source: Macromolecular Bioscience (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Identification of Novel Growth Factor Conjugated Nanofibers for Stimulation of Neuronal Growth Growth factors (GF) fulfil essential functions during organ development and regeneration. In tissue regeneration, evidence suggests that the combined application of several GFs is more efficient compared to their individual application. Single or multiple GFs are often applied to animal models of organ regeneration through release by hydrogels. Such hydrogels are often formed by self-assembling peptides (SAPs) spontaneously polymerizing into peptide nanofiber (PNF) networks. In this study, we established PNFs by conjugating an SAP backbone (KIKIQIN) with bioactive peptide sequences derived from two GFs, FGF2 and IGF1. This resulted in the GF-mimicking fusion peptides FGF2-SAP and IGF1-SAP, respectively. In these PNFs, both GFs were stably incorporated rather than released as in the case of PNF-derived hydrogels. When individually added to culture medium, FGF1-SAP and IGF1-SAP stimulated the growth of mouse primary hippocampal neurons. Notably, their growth-stimulating potential exceeded neuronal growth achieved with the SAP backbone or the GF peptides alone. Finally, combinations of FGF2-SAP, IGF1-SAP, and the SAP backbone were tested, which formed FGF2 and IGF1 presenting PNFs. Indeed, specific GF-SAP combinations resulted in elevated numbers of surviving neurons compared to individual application. In summary, in this study, we identified novel GF-SAP hybrid nanofibers capable of stimulating cellular growth. Such nanofibers, enabling stable and simultaneous presentation of multiple GFs, might be well suited for tissue regeneration in vivo. Nanofiber ; Peptide ; Growth factor ; Regeneration (biology) ; Self-healing hydrogels ; Stimulation ; Hippocampal formation ; Cell growth Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials ; Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
Authors: Evan Wallace Doe | Theodore Maranets | Yan Wang
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (article, 2026-03-13)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Analyzing coherent phonon mode-conversion in gradient superlattices with atomistic wave-packet simulations In this study, we have used atomistic phonon wave-packet simulations to investigate the manifestation of coherent phonons and phonon transmission in gradient superlattices (SL) based on ordered arrangements of varied SL period sizes. We specifically explore how coherent mode-conversion in these quasi-periodic structures changes as function of three key structural parameters: (1) the number of distinct period sizes, (2) the number of periods present for each distinct period size, and (3) the arrangement of period sizes in either an ascending or descending arrangement. Comparisons to periodic SLs and aperiodic SLs are highlighted, revealing that coherent phonons in gradient SLs generally exhibit behaviors characteristic of intermediate states between the fully ordered and disordered structures. Interestingly, changes to the short-range order of GMLs does not significantly influence transmission, indicating that long-range disorder is far more important to coherent mode-conversion. Our results indicate that manipulating the long-range disorder of interfaces could be an effective strategy to tailor phonon thermal conductivity of SL architectures. Phonon ; Superlattice ; Aperiodic graph ; Thermal conductivity ; Period (music) ; Function (biology) Thermal properties of materials ; Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies
Source: Malaysian Journal of Chemistry (article, 2026-02-10)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Optimization of Saponin Extraction from Coconut Husk using Design of Experiments (DOE) for Enhanced Water-Based Mud (WBM) Performance This study explores coconut husk an abundant agricultural waste in Malaysia as a sustainable source of saponins for enhancing water-based mud (WBM) performance.Saponins were extracted using Soxhlet extraction and optimized through Design of Experiments (DOE) considering extraction time, sample mass and ethanol concentration.Gading coconut husk produced the highest saponin yield as confirmed by foam tests.ANOVA results showed that sample mass and ethanol concentration significantly affected extraction efficiency (p < 0.05) while extraction time had minimal impact.Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) confirmed the presence of saponin functional groups and 5-dihydroxy-6 methyl 4 H-Pyran-4-One (DDMP) glycosides.When incorporated into WBM, both extracted and commercial saponins improved rheological and lubricity properties.Although commercial saponins yielded higher viscosity and gel strength, the coconut husk-derived saponins provided better fluid loss control and formed thinner mud cakes indicating strong compatibility with WBM systems.These findings highlight coconut husk as a promising eco-friendly surfactant source, offering an effective alternative to synthetic additives.This work supports the valorization of agricultural waste and promotes greener drilling fluid technologies.Future studies should refine purification methods and investigate synergistic combinations with nanoparticles or polymers to further enhance WBM performance. Husk ; Extraction (chemistry) ; Saponin ; Response surface methodology ; Design of experiments Coconut Research and Applications ; Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds ; Polysaccharides Composition and Applications