jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Marco A. Janssen | Israel Barrantes | Mirko Dreßler | Karin Glaser | Ulf Karsten
Source: Oceanologia (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Benthic diatom communities in deeper areas of the German Baltic Sea The Baltic Sea is a shallow, semi-enclosed brackish ecosystem in northern Europe, which is strongly affected by climate change and other anthropogenic disturbances such as mobile bottom trawling. The resulting drag forces exerted by such fishing practice physically disturb the sea bed and impact all benthic organisms such as microphytobenthic communities, which represent key primary producers in marine soft-bottom ecosystems. Despite their ecological importance, little is known about the composition and productivity of these benthic communities in deeper areas of the German Baltic Sea. Therefore, this study investigates the occurrence and diversity of benthic diatoms in such unstudied areas, focusing on the Baltic Sea regions Fehmarnbelt, Rönnebank, and Oderbank. Sediment cores were collected from depths down to 36 meters, processed ex-situ and the biodiversity of benthic diatoms evaluated using morphological traits via light microscopy and high-throughput sequencing. The data provide novel insights on the occurrence of benthic diatom communities in deeper areas of the Baltic Sea and these microalgae seem to be suitable bioindicators to document any sediment disturbance by natural or anthropogenic forces. Benthic zone ; Brackish water ; Baltic sea ; Diatom ; Ecosystem ; Productivity ; Benthos ; Sediment Diatoms and Algae Research ; Marine and coastal ecosystems ; Algal biology and biofuel production
Authors: Yupeng Shi
Source: Highlights in Science Engineering and Technology (article, 2025-02-25)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A Method for Identifying Small-Size Defects of Insulators in Transmission Lines Based on the COK-YOLO Algorithm Insulators are an important guarantee for maintaining the stable operation of the power system. The faults caused by insulator defects will endanger the operation safety of the power system and may even lead to the breakdown of the system. Currently, there are various methods for detecting insulator damage. However, it is difficult for all the existing algorithms to detect the problem of small insulator defects. Aiming at the problem that small insulator defects are difficult to detect, this paper proposes a method for detecting small insulator defects based on the improved YOLOv8. This paper draws on the principle of Cross Stage Partial Network to put forward the COK-YOLO algorithm, and uses the Omni kernel to achieve multi-scale feature extraction, which improves the detection ability of small insulator defects and finally enhances the detection results of various types of defects including breakage and pollution flashover. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm strengthens the detection ability of small insulator defects and provides a guarantee for the safe operation of the power system. Transmission (telecommunications) ; Algorithm ; Computer science ; Telecommunications High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Elevator Systems and Control ; Vehicle License Plate Recognition
Authors: Xiang-Dong Qing | Wei He | Yan Meng | Qingling Chen | Xiaohua Zhang
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2025-07-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

A novel strategy applied to hyperspectral imaging for intelligent classification and identification of trace adulterants in food matrix Hyperspectral imaging ; TRACE (psycholinguistics) ; Identification (biology) ; Artificial intelligence ; Matrix (chemical analysis) ; Computer science ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Computer vision ; Chemistry ; Chromatography ; Biology ; Philosophy Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Identification and Quantification in Food ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
Authors: Chen, Jingyi | Reyes, José Munoz | Schiemer, Robin | Wang, Gang | Studts, Joey | Franzreb, Matthias
Source: Repository KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Digital Butterworth filter as preprocessing method for implementing Raman spectroscopy as an analytical method in downstream processing of biopharmaceuticals Butterworth filter ; Band-pass filter ; Raman spectroscopy ; Filter (signal processing) ; Preprocessor ; Cutoff ; Cutoff frequency ; High-pass filter Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Protein purification and stability ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Authors: Ayat Taheri | Fabricio Almeida‐Silva | Yaojie Zhang | Xueqing Fu | Ling Li | Yuliang Wang | Kexuan Tang
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2025-05-27)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Artemisia Database: A Comprehensive Resource for Gene Expression and Functional Insights in <i>Artemisia annua</i> Abstract Artemisia annua is renowned for producing artemisinin, a compound that revolutionized malaria treatment and holds therapeutic promise for other diseases, including cancer and diabetes. However, low natural yields of artemisinin remain a major bottleneck, necessitating a deeper understanding of the genetic and regulatory networks involved in its biosynthesis. Although several transcriptomic studies on A. annua exist, they are often limited in scope, and a comprehensive, tissue-resolved gene expression resource has been lacking. Here, we present the Artemisia Database (Artemisia-DB)—a high-resolution expression atlas constructed from an extensive integration of publicly available RNA-seq datasets. The database provides transcript- and gene-level abundance estimates across major tissues and includes functional annotations such as Gene Ontology (GO) terms, KEGG pathways, and InterPro domains. As a case study, we investigated the coexpression profile of HMGR (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl- CoA reductase), a key enzyme in the mevalonate pathway and an early step in artemisinin biosynthesis. Coexpression analysis in leaf tissue revealed a subset of Auxin Response Factor (ARF) transcription factors strongly correlated to HMGR. This finding suggests a potential regulatory link between auxin signaling and artemisinin biosynthesis, providing new hypotheses for functional validation. Artemisia-DB is freely accessible at https://artemisia-db.com and offers an interactive interface for exploring expression data, functional annotations, transcription factors, CRISPR targets, and more. By combining high-quality transcriptome data with regulatory and functional insights, Artemisia-DB serves as a valuable resource for the plant research community and facilitates deeper investigation into the transcriptional dynamics and specialized metabolism of A. annua . Artemisia annua ; Artemisia ; Biology ; Resource (disambiguation) ; Computational biology ; Botany ; Computer science ; Artemisinin ; Immunology ; Computer network thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses ; Medicinal Plant Pharmacodynamics Research ; Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
Authors: Irina Aleksandrova | Hristian Mitev
Source: Coatings (article, 2025-11-24)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Investigation and Modelling of the Wear Resistance of Diamond Roller Dressers Made of Synthetic Diamonds with Mixed Grit Size The wear resistance of diamond dressing rolls depends on the manufacturing technology used and the characteristics of the working diamond layer, such as the type and grain size of the diamond grains, the type of bond, and the concentration and distribution of the diamonds. To optimise the lifetime of diamond rolls made of synthetic diamonds using the electroplating method, this paper proposes an innovative approach to compacting the intergranular spaces by treating them with diamond grains finer than the main fraction. To implement this approach, analytical dependencies were derived for the distance between the diamond grains. Intensive wear of the diamond roller bond was observed when the distance was exceeded as a result of contact with the abrasive grains of the grinding wheel. A ratio between the grain sizes of the main and additional diamond fractions is also recommended. Diamond roller dressers made of synthetic diamonds with a medium or high strength and a mixed grit size were created and their wear resistance was studied during the uni-directional and counter-directional dressing of electrocorundum grinding wheels using the plunge-grinding method. Theoretical and experimental models were constructed to predict the lifetime and the wear of diamond rolls in relation to the radial feed rate, the dressing speed ratio, the dress-out time, and the grit size ratio. Multi-objective optimisation based on a genetic algorithm was used to determine the optimal dressing conditions, ensuring the best combination of the maximum lifetime and minimum wear of the diamond rolls. The results obtained confirm the validity and correctness of the proposed approach for increasing the wear resistance of diamond roller dressers. Diamond ; Abrasive ; Diamond grinding ; Grain size ; Diamond tool ; Grinding ; Grit Adsorption, diffusion, and thermodynamic properties of materials ; Tunneling and Rock Mechanics ; Advanced machining processes and optimization
Authors: Zhonghui Huang | Matthew Fidler | Ming‐Ying Lan | Lei Cheng | Frank Kloprogge | Joseph F. Standing
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2025-01-22)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

An automated pipeline to generate initial estimates for population pharmacokinetic models Pipeline (software) ; Population pharmacokinetics ; Computer science ; Pharmacokinetics ; Population ; Econometrics ; Medicine ; Mathematics ; Internal medicine ; Programming language Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation ; Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
Authors: Louis Mahon
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2025-01-07)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Local Compositional Complexity: How to Detect a Human-readable Messsage Data complexity is an important concept in the natural sciences and related areas, but lacks a rigorous and computable definition. In this paper, we focus on a particular sense of complexity that is high if the data is structured in a way that could serve to communicate a message. In this sense, human speech, written language, drawings, diagrams and photographs are high complexity, whereas data that is close to uniform throughout or populated by random values is low complexity. We describe a general framework for measuring data complexity based on dividing the shortest description of the data into a structured and an unstructured portion, and taking the size of the former as the complexity score. We outline an application of this framework in statistical mechanics that may allow a more objective characterisation of the macrostate and entropy of a physical system. Then, we derive a more precise and computable definition geared towards human communication, by proposing local compositionality as an appropriate specific structure. We demonstrate experimentally that this method can distinguish meaningful signals from noise or repetitive signals in auditory, visual and text domains, and could potentially help determine whether an extra-terrestrial signal contained a message. Computer science ; Psychology History and advancements in chemistry ; Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
Authors: Dakota Murray | Chaoqun Ni | Weiye Gu | Tim Hubbard
Source: Scientometrics (article, 2025-11-08)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Using language models to label clusters of scientific documents Workflow ; Task (project management) ; Generative grammar ; Key (lock) ; Language model ; Descriptive statistics ; Empirical research Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education ; Topic Modeling
Authors: Abduladim Hmmier | Paul Dowling
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2025-07-03)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Tissue Microarray Analysis Reveals Heterogeneous Expression of Talin-1 and Lactate Dehydrogenase A in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Implications for Biomarker Reliability Biomarker ; Lactate dehydrogenase ; Tissue microarray ; Lung cancer ; Cancer research ; Cell ; Biomarker discovery ; Cancer ; Microarray analysis techniques ; Pathology ; Computational biology ; Medicine ; Biology ; Gene expression ; Internal medicine ; Proteomics ; Gene ; Enzyme ; Biochemistry Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism ; Caveolin-1 and cellular processes
Authors: Bo Yu | Zhongbin Chan | Petro Pavlenko | Xinwei Zhang
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2025-05-22)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

YOLO-Blueberry: A Lightweight and Accurate Multi-Scale Detection Model for Blueberry Maturity Recognition Blueberry ripeness detection faces several persistent challenges, including large model parameter sizes, high visual similarity between fruits and background, and occlusion of target objects. To address these issues, this paper proposes a lightweight detection framework named YOLO-Blueberry. Firstly, we replace the Spatial Pyramid Pooling-Fast (SPPF) layer in YOLOv8n with a novel Grouped Large Kernel Reparameterization (GLKRep) module. This replacement significantly reduces computational complexity while enhancing contextual semantic perception, thereby improving the model’s ability to detect targets in visually complex orchard environments. Secondly, to accommodate substantial variations in fruit size and inconsistent image acquisition distances, we design a Unify module in the model’s neck network. This module aggregates multi-scale feature maps from the backbone and employs a dynamic receptive field selection mechanism to adaptively optimize multi-scale feature fusion, enhancing robustness to scale variation. Thirdly, during the training phase, we introduce VariFocal Loss in place of the original classification loss used in YOLOv8. By incorporating an IoU-aware classification score mechanism, this loss function improves the model’s discrimination between positive and negative samples, thereby reducing both false positives and false negatives. Experimental results demonstrate that YOLO-Blueberry achieves a mean Average Precision (mAP@0.5–0.95) of 97.5%, a precision of 97.8%, and a recall of 95.5%, with only 2.6 million parameters and 7.2 GFLOPs in computational cost. These results outperform several mainstream lightweight object detection models and validate the model’s suitability for deployment in real-world orchard scenarios. This study not only provides a key technical foundation for intelligent blueberry harvesting systems but also offers a viable reference approach for the automated detection of other small berry fruits in natural environments. Maturity (psychological) ; Scale (ratio) ; Capability Maturity Model ; Computer science ; Geography ; Psychology ; Cartography ; Operating system Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases ; Horticultural and Viticultural Research
Authors: Syarif Hidayatullah Az Zuhry | Royyan Royyan | Achmad Faqih
Source: Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science (article, 2025-08-14)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Effect of Fermented Tofu Industrial Wastewater and Coconut Water Enriched with Em4 on the Growth of Water Spinach (Ipomoea Reptans Poir) Tofu wastewater, a by-product of tofu production, can reach volumes up to ten times that of the processed soybeans. This waste contains organic compounds like proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, as well as essential minerals such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which benefit plant growth but pose environmental risks if untreated. Fermenting this wastewater with the EM4 bioactivator and coconut water—rich in growth hormones and minerals—produces a nutrient-rich, eco-friendly liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). This fertilizer serves as an alternative to chemical fertilizers often misused by farmers. This study evaluates the use of fermented tofu wastewater and coconut water as LOF for growing land spinach (Ipomoea reptans), chosen for its high consumption and easy cultivation. Results show that applying this fermented mixture significantly affects growth parameters, including stem diameter, fresh weight, number of nodes, leaf area, plant height (at 21 and 28 days), and number of leaves (at 14, 21, and 28 days). The best growth was observed in treatment F6 (40% tofu wastewater fermentation), though it did not exceed the positive control. These findings suggest that fermented tofu wastewater and coconut water enriched with EM4 have potential as sustainable liquid organic fertilizers that promote plant growth while reducing tofu industry waste. Wastewater ; Spinach ; Fertilizer ; Fermentation ; Organic fertilizer ; Food waste Coconut Research and Applications ; Coastal Management and Development ; Natural Products and Applications
Authors: Adeel Ahmad | Hafiz Muhammad Zubair | Jalil ur Rehman Kazim | Muhammad Ali Imran | Qammer H. Abbasi
Source:  (article, 2025-05-04)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Multiband Terahertz Spiral Metasurface for Detection of Malaria with Enhanced Sensitivity We present the design and numerical analysis of a multiband metasurface based on a left-hand Archimedean spiral etched out of gold for malaria detection in the terahertz (THz) range. The sensor exhibits three absorption peaks, with the highest absorption efficiency of 99.98 % observed at 5.69 THz, where the highest quality factor of 100.2 is also achieved. The metasurface achieves three resonances within the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$1-10 \text{THz}$</tex> range, enabling precise detection of refractive index changes in red blood cells (RBCs) during malaria progression. A peak sensitivity of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$632 \text{GHz} / \text{RIU}$</tex> was observed for malaria-infected samples, underscoring the sensor's high performance. The spiral design enhances sensitivity and quality factor, distinguishing healthy RBCs from those infected at different malaria stages. By leveraging the unique electromagnetic properties of the Archimedean spiral, the metasurface exhibits strong field localization, facilitating high-accuracy detection of subtle refractive index shifts as the malaria parasite advances from the trophozoite to schizont phase. The proposed approach demonstrates multiband operation, high sensitivity, and compatibility with THz frequencies, known for their safety in biological sensing. This work highlights the potential of compact, on-chip THz biosensors for rapid, non-invasive malaria screening, offering a valuable tool for early detection and monitoring in malaria-endemic regions. Terahertz radiation ; Refractive index ; Spiral (railway) ; Sensitivity (control systems) ; Malaria ; Electromagnetic field Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Terahertz technology and applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research
Authors: Zbynek Bozdech | Samuel Pažický | Seth Tjia | Guilherme B. Farias | Tim‐Wolf Gilberger | Nisha Philip | Andrew P. Waters | Radoslaw M. Sobota
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2025-04-08)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Thermal profiling maps the dynamic interactome in malaria parasites Interactome ; Profiling (computer programming) ; Malaria ; Computational biology ; Biology ; Computer science ; Genetics ; Immunology thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses ; Malaria Research and Control
Authors: N. P. Kulkarni
Source: International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (article, 2025-03-26)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Performance Evaluation of RSA Encryption on Simulated 5D Crystal Data Abstract: All these new demands for secure and efficient encryption schemes in high-dimensional data storage systems have, in turn, generated interest in newly designed cryptographic approaches. In this paper, the extension of using RSA encryption on simulated 5D crystal data—a representation of physical attributes like height, length, width, orientation, and spatial position—is addressed. In the study, optimization procedures in encryption and decryption processes for high-dimensional datasets are focused in terms of computing efficiency, scalability, and data integrity through the use of RSA. The process creates integrity by ensuring the RSA key pairs have a size of 2048 bits, and encryption and decryption is performed on the 5D data points with detailed comparison of original and decrypted data. It explores a range of dataset sizes in the range of 10 to 1000 data points to explore performance measures including encryption and decryption times. In addition, multi-threaded parallel processing is applied to enhance computing performance even further. Encryption ; Computer science ; Computer security X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
Authors: Eleni Tselepi | Olympia Axelou | Alberto García-Ortiz | George Floros
Source:  (preprint, 2025-05-09)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Early-Stage Prediction of Electromigration Stress Using Extreme Gradient Boosting Algorithm As technology scales to smaller nanometer nodes, Electromigration (EM) has become one of the most significant challenges in the EDA industry. Due to the reduction of the interconnect dimensions, a preliminary assessment in early design cycles is essen Electromigration ; Stage (stratigraphy) ; Boosting (machine learning) ; Algorithm ; Stress (linguistics) ; Gradient boosting ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Materials science ; Geology Copper Interconnects and Reliability
Authors: Jiaxin He | Yini Ma | Qingqing Liu | Rui Zhang | Guohong Huang | Dasheng Zhang | Fengluan Liu | Cai‐Xia Yang
Source: Frontiers in Plant Science (article, 2025-07-08)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Comparative transcriptomics of two petal variants reveals key functional genes underlying petal shape development in lotus (Nelumbo) The main framework for petal shape was established during stages D1 and D5. The key genes identified in this study will facilitate the development of artificial techniques for petal shape regulation and serve as a theoretical foundation for molecular-assisted breeding in lotus. Petal ; Lotus ; Biology ; Key (lock) ; Transcriptome ; Gene ; Computational biology ; Botany ; Evolutionary biology ; Genetics ; Gene expression ; Ecology Chromatography in Natural Products ; Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis ; Genetic diversity and population structure
Authors: Praneet Jain | Saptarshi Ghosh | Simon L. Cotton | Okan Yurduseven
Source:  (article, 2025-12-14)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Reconfigurable Leaky-Wave Metasurface Antenna for FR1 Frequencies In this work, a dynamic metasurface antenna (DMA) composed of an array of hexagonal-shaped complementary electric inductive capacitive (cELC) resonators is presented. The cELC meta-atoms are embedded in the top layer of a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) and are arranged in an alternating pattern. P-i-n diodes are incorporated to dynamically control the reactance of the meta-atoms in response to the wave propagating through the waveguide. The DMA operates at 5.2 GHz and achieves a total beam coverage of 148°. It delivers an average gain of 3.7 dBi and can steer beams in four different directions: <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$10^{\circ}, 20^{\circ}, 30^{\circ}$</tex>, and 60°. The performance of the proposed antenna has been verified through full-wave electromagnetic simulations. With its broad beam coverage and planar design the DMA is well-suited for sensing applications. Antenna (radio) ; Reflection (computer programming) ; Noise (video) ; Band-pass filter Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Antenna Design and Analysis