jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Jiawen Li | Feifei Huang | Youjie Hua | Bingpeng Li | Shiqing Xu | Ruoshan Lei
Source: Journal of the American Ceramic Society (article, 2024-01-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Tunable emission of Ce <sup>3+</sup> in (K, Rb) <sub>3</sub> GdSi <sub>2</sub> O <sub>7</sub> phosphors toward broadband cyan luminescence Abstract In an effort to obtain a novel cyan‐emitting phosphor, the [K 1‐x Rb x ] 3 GdSi 2 O 7 : yCe 3+ materials (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, y = 0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04) are synthesized via a solid‐state reaction pathway, and their crystal structure and luminescence behaviors are studied systematically. The chemical substitution of Rb + in the K + sites can enlarge the K 3 GdSi 2 O 7 host lattice and help to the blue‐shifting of emission band of Ce 3+ ions due to the decreased crystal field splitting effect. It is also confirmed that the Ce 3+ ions tend to enter [Gd1O 6 ] and [Gd 2 O 6 ] polyhedrons simultaneously. Consequently, the [K 0.7 Rb 0.3 ] 3 GdSi 2 O 7 : Ce 3+ phosphor yields a broadband cyan emission centered at 492 nm with the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of ∼115 nm upon 365 nm excitation. The optimal concentration of Ce 3+ dopant is determined to be 0.01, and the concentration quenching effect can be attributed to the dipole−dipole interactions. The white light emitting diode (WLED) device fabricated by employing the discovered [K 0.7 Rb 0.3 ] 3 GdSi 2 O 7 : 0.01Ce 3+ phosphor displays a high color rendering index (R a = 91.7) and a low correlated color temperature (CCT = 3749 K). This work may promote the development of cyan phosphors for near ultraviolet‐converted WLEDs with high performance. Phosphor ; Luminescence ; Cyan ; Materials science ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Chemistry ; Optoelectronics ; Physics ; Optics Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials ; Perovskite Materials and Applications ; Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials
Authors: Pacifique Turabimana | Jung Woo Sohn | Seung‐Bok Choi
Source: Applied Sciences (article, 2024-05-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Design and Control of a Shape Memory Alloy-Based Idle Air Control Actuator for a Mid-Size Passenger Vehicle Application The idle air control actuator is an important device in automotive engine management systems to reduce fuel consumption by controlling the engine’s idling operation. This research proposes an innovative idle air control (IAC) actuator for vehicle applications utilizing shape memory alloy (SMA) technology. The proposed actuator leverages the unique properties of SMAs, such as the ability to undergo large deformations upon thermal activation, to achieve precise and rapid controls in the air intake of automotive engines during idle conditions. The actuator structure mechanism consists of an SMA spring and an antagonistic spring made from steel. The design process utilizes both numerical and analytical approaches. The SMA spring is electrically supplied to activate the opening process of the actuator, and its closing state does not need electricity. However, the PID controller is used to control the applied current, which reduces the time taken by the actuator to achieve the actuation strokes. It shows good operability within multiple numbers of operation cycles. Additionally, the performance of the designed actuator is evaluated through mathematical algorithms by integrating it into the engine’s air intake system during idle operating conditions. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the SMA-based actuator in achieving rapid control of the air intake through bypass, thereby improving engine idle conditions. Actuator ; Automotive engineering ; Idle ; SMA* ; Automotive industry ; Rotary actuator ; Engineering ; Fuel efficiency ; Computer science ; Control theory (sociology) ; Control (management) ; Electrical engineering Shape Memory Alloy Transformations ; Aeroelasticity and Vibration Control
Authors: Pham Thi Hong Nga | Phan Hieu Hua | Quoc Bao Ngo | Trong Kien Ha | Vinh Tien Nguyen | Nguyễn Chí Thành | Pham Quan Anh
Source: Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies (article, 2024-02-28)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

The effect of carbon black percentage on mechanical properties and microstructure of polybutylene terephthalate/polyamide 6/carbon black blends This study focuses on analyzing the influence of carbon black (CB) on Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)/Polyamide 6 (PA6) blends. This study aims to solve the source of waste from toothbrush filament during production. This PBT/PA6 mixture does not meet the mechanical properties due to the incompatibility of these two plastics, which means this waste must be discarded and cannot be reused. When combined with CB, it creates a new type of plastic with more stable mechanical properties that can be applied in many areas of life and, at the same time, helps manufacturing businesses save on waste treatment costs. To create these PBT/PA6/CB blends, the research team used injection molding with a PBT/PA6 ratio of 75/25 combined with 0, 4, 8, and 12 % carbon black. The tensile and impact strength were tested according to the ASTM D638 and ASTM D256 standards. The results found that when adding 4 % CB to the PBT/PA6 plastic mixture, the tensile strength decreased from 34.9 to 34.8 MPa. Meanwhile, the tensile strength is improved when adding 8 % CB (35.3 MPa). At 12 % CB, a difference in tensile strength results, decreasing to 29.7 MPa. This result shows that the ratio 75/25 can give the best tensile strength value of the PBT/PA6 mixture with 8 wt. % CB. The impact strength was 3.5, 2.9, and 2.7 kJ/m2 according to 4, 8, and 12 % CB samples. Mechanical quality tests have shown that the tensile strength is improved when combining CB into the PBT/PA6 mixture, but the impact strength is reduced. SEM results show that most CB interacts with PBT/PA6 mainly because the PA6 particles are spherical and tend to separate easily from the mixture. The research found that increasing CB density worsens the bonding ability between PBT and PA6. These results help us provide experience for the most appropriate application for each purpose Carbon black ; Polybutylene terephthalate ; Polyamide ; Microstructure ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Carbon fibers ; Polyester ; Composite number Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties ; Polymer crystallization and properties
Authors: Tilen Kopač | Aleš Ručigaj
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules (article, 2024-10-17)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Impact of fiber diameter and surface substituents on the mechanical and flow properties of sonicated cellulose dispersions This study investigates how sonication amplitude and time affect 2 wt% cationic nanofibrils (CCNF) and microfibrils (CCMF) dispersions, focusing on mechanical properties and flow behavior. Sonication reduces fiber diameter and increases the concentration of substituent groups available for hydrogen bonding. This effect becomes significant when diameters fall below 100 nm, leading to enhanced storage and loss moduli. CCNF achieves a maximum shear modulus of 600 Pa, whereas CCMF fibers do not undergo similar size reductions. CCNF's viscosity and critical stress follow a square root relationship with sonication amplitude, due to minimal fiber size reduction at high sonication levels (smaller than 20 nm), unlike CCMF (diameter reduction up to 50 nm), which exhibits a linear increase due to more pronounced fiber fragmentation. At high sonication levels, CCNF shows an exponential rise in critical stress (up to 800 Pa), suggesting tiny fibers infiltrate the hydrogel network, thereby improving its integrity and resistance to shear stresses. By integrating theoretical models with experimental findings, this work presents a unified view of sonication's essential role in fine-tuning the mechanical and flow properties of cellulose-based materials. This research enhances understanding of cellulose dispersion behavior under sonication and provides a foundation for designing optimized cellulose-based materials. Sonication ; Cellulose ; Fiber ; Cellulose fiber ; Surface (topology) ; Flow (mathematics) ; Chemical engineering ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Composite material ; Polymer science ; Polymer chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Chromatography ; Mechanics ; Geometry Advanced Cellulose Research Studies ; Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies ; Material Properties and Processing
Authors: Shinji Toyota
Source: Proceedings of the Japan Academy Series B (article, 2024-02-08)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Discovery of internal rotation and conformers of 1,2-dichloroethane: the dawn of the concept of conformation In 1932, Mizushima and Higasi reported the dependence of the dipole moments of 1,2-dichloroethane on both temperature and solvent in the Proceedings of the Imperial Academy, Japan. This report was followed by their first proposal of the existence of conformers that exchanged by internal rotation about a C-C single bond based on experimental data. Their monumental work marked the beginning of the essential concept of conformation in modern stereochemistry. Their proposal was later confirmed by the direct observation of the anti and gauche conformers of 1,2-dichloroethane by Raman spectroscopy, and further supported by other experimental and theoretical methods. The relative stabilities of the anti and gauche conformers of 1,2-dichloroethane and other 1,2-disubstituted ethanes were discussed in terms of steric, electrostatic, and stereoelectronic effects based on analysis of calculated data. Those studies influenced the development of subsequent research in organic chemistry, such as the conformational analysis of cyclohexane derivatives and the isolation of chiral gauche conformers. Conformational isomerism ; Dichloroethane ; 1,2-Dichloroethane ; Chemistry ; Cyclohexane ; Steric effects ; Dipole ; Computational chemistry ; Raman spectroscopy ; Solvent effects ; Stereochemistry ; Crystallography ; Solvent ; Organic chemistry ; Molecule ; Physics ; Quantum mechanics Molecular spectroscopy and chirality ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Various Chemistry Research Topics
Authors: Faissal Chegdani | Mohamed El Mansori
Source: Journal of Applied Physics (article, 2024-02-26)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Perspectives on the robustness of the mechanical properties assessment of biocomposites Biocomposite materials made of natural plant fibers are becoming a viable alternative to the use of synthetic ones such as glass fibers, thanks to many economic, ecological, and technical benefits. However, their massive use in the industry requires optimal control of their mechanical performances, which constitutes a real scientific issue to be overcome. Indeed, biocomposites suffer from an important variability in their mechanical properties because of their multiscale structure, natural growth conditions, and various processing parameters, in addition to eventual chemical treatments. Biocomposites are also highly sensitive to the surrounding environment in terms of humidity and temperature because of the hydrophilic properties of natural plant fibers. In this context, this Perspective aims to provide a critical look at the influence of the main factors that affect the mechanical properties of biocomposites in order to suggest some possible research outlooks that could contribute to optimizing the control of these mechanical properties and expanding the use of biocomposites in industry. Biocomposite ; Biochemical engineering ; Materials science ; Robustness (evolution) ; Context (archaeology) ; Natural fiber ; Nanotechnology ; Materials processing ; Synthetic fiber ; Composite material ; Process engineering ; Mechanical engineering ; Fiber ; Engineering ; Chemistry ; Composite number Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Bamboo properties and applications ; Advanced Cellulose Research Studies
Authors: A. Vidal-Crespo | R. Caballero-Flores | J.J. Ipus | J.S. Blázquez | Francisco Javier Romero | C.F. Conde
Source: Journal of Alloys and Compounds (article, 2024-02-05)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Study of stability and thermo-magnetic response of MnCoFeGeSi mechanically alloyed systems Amorphous precursors with the composition MnCo0.8Fe0.2Ge1-xSix, where x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.6, were obtained through mechanical alloying. These precursors were subsequently subjected to different thermal treatments, resulting in the formation of the austenite Ni2In-type structure for x ≤ 0.4. For the highest Si content (x = 0.6), this phase coexists with the martensite TiNiSi-type structure without apparent partitioning of the elements at the nanoscale. These structures remain stable up to their melting points, but subsequent melting processes exhibit differences compared to the initial solidification at a cooling rate of -20 K/min. The magnetocaloric effect was investigated through thermomagnetic and heat capacity measurements and simulated using the Arrott-Noakes equation of state, revealing the presence of a distribution of Curie temperatures. Despite the absence of a martensitic transformation, these alloys exhibit a significant magnetocaloric response, which increases as the precursor system's amorphization (i.e., homogenization) is enhanced. Materials science ; Thermomagnetic convection ; Magnetic refrigeration ; Austenite ; Diffusionless transformation ; Curie temperature ; Thermodynamics ; Homogenization (climate) ; Martensite ; Thermal stability ; Microstructure ; Metallurgy ; Ferromagnetism ; Condensed matter physics ; Magnetization ; Chemical engineering ; Magnetic field Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials ; Shape Memory Alloy Transformations ; Magnetic Properties of Alloys
Authors: Zhuoyu Wang | Andrej Svyantek | Zachariah Miller | Aude A. Watrelot | Venkateswara Rao Kadium
Source: Applied Sciences (article, 2024-12-23)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Postharvest Evaluations of Blackcurrant Fruits with Chitosan and Ultraviolet A Treatments The blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) is a small fruit known for its health benefits, but treatment effects on postharvest storage for fresh markets remain understudied compared with other berries, such as blueberries (Vaccinium spp.). This work aimed to identify the effects of postharvest storage conditions including chitosan coating, ultraviolet a (UVA) light, and combined UVA–chitosan treatments on the physicochemical and microbial properties of blackcurrant. Blackcurrants were harvested, stored under the three conditions, and analyzed at every three days of storage throughout this experiment for a total of 15 days. The results indicated that chitosan treatments had positive effects on reducing berry weight loss, maintaining berry firmness, and reducing mold populations. UVA influenced certain bioactive compounds, such as cyanidin-3-galactoside and rutin. The interaction effects from these two treatments were minimal. This study provides important information for blackcurrant postharvest storage and further small fruit storage work, considering both UVA and chitosan had differential beneficial effects on blackcurrant berries’ physical and chemical attributes. Postharvest ; Chitosan ; Berry ; Food science ; Chemistry ; Horticulture ; Biology Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management ; Growth and nutrition in plants
Authors: Rui Xu | Yemao Lu | Yuting Dai | Andrea Brognara | Horst Hahn | Yulia Ivanisenko
Source: Journal of Materials Science (article, 2024-05-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Processing of high-strength thermal-resistant Al-2.2% cerium-1.3% lanthanum alloy rods with high electric conductivity by High Pressure Torsion Extrusion Abstract A novel severe plastic deformation (SPD) process of High Pressure Torsion Extrusion (HPTE) was applied to the rods of the Al-2.2 wt.% Ce-1.3 wt.% La (Al–3.5RE) alloy. The microstructure, microhardness, the mechanical strength, thermal stability, and electrical conductivity of the alloy after HPTE and subsequent annealing have been investigated. It was demonstrated that HPTE processing can simultaneously increase yield strength from 127 to 225 MPa and electrical conductivity from 54.7% IACS to 55.7% IACS in this alloy. Such a remarkable combination of properties was achieved thanks to significant refinement of microstructure constituents: grain size of Al matrix was reduced down to 0.9 µm and initially continuous network of Al 11 RE 3 phase was broken to micrometer- and nanometer-sized particles. Furthermore, the yield strength of the HPTE-processed Al–3.5 RE alloy remains stable at 230 °C for 1 h due to micrometer- and nanometer-sized particles that pin the grain boundaries. Therefore, HPTE processing of Al–RE alloys has a high application potential in the electric power industry. Graphical abstract Materials science ; Lanthanum ; Cerium ; Extrusion ; Rod ; Alloy ; Solid mechanics ; Thermal conductivity ; Composite material ; High pressure ; Torsion (gastropod) ; Metallurgy ; Thermodynamics ; Inorganic chemistry Microstructure and mechanical properties ; Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties ; Advanced materials and composites
Authors: Mostafa Karami | Zeyuan Zhu | Ka Hung Chan | Peng Hua | Nobumichi Tamura | Xian Chen
Source: Physical Review Letters (article, 2024-02-07)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Nondissipative Martensitic Phase Transformation after Multimillion Superelastic Cycles Superelastic alloys used for stents, biomedical implants, and solid-state cooling devices rely on their reversible stress-induced martensitic transformations. These applications require the alloy to sustain high deformability over millions of cycles without failure. Here, we report an alloy capable of enduring 10×10^{7} tensile stress-induced phase transformations while still exhibiting over 2% recoverable elastic strains. After millions of cycles, the alloy is highly reversible with zero stress hysteresis. We show that the major martensite variant is reversible even after multimillions of cycles under tensile loadings with a highly coherent (11[over ¯]0)_{A} interface. This discovery provides new insights into martensitic transformation, and may guide the development of superelastic alloys for multimillion cycling applications. Materials science ; Martensite ; Alloy ; Hysteresis ; Shape-memory alloy ; Diffusionless transformation ; Pseudoelasticity ; Stress (linguistics) ; Phase (matter) ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Metallurgy ; Composite material ; Microstructure ; Condensed matter physics Shape Memory Alloy Transformations ; Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials ; Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials
Authors: Deepak S. Khobragade | Pramod Parshuramkar | Surendra Agrawal | Rahul Ingale | Mrunali S. Potbhare
Source: Heliyon (article, 2024-09-14)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Deciphering the role of plasticizers and solvent systems in hydrophobic polymer coating on hydrophilic core The type of plasticizer and the choice of solvent or co-solvents used for coating of a hydrophilic core can greatly impact the permeability, porosity, and mechanical strength of the polymer film. Although, Ethylcellulose (EC) is an old polymer, it is a polymer of choice for modifying the drug release due to its inherent properties. The ability of polymers like EC alone to form a diffusion-controlling membrane with good mechanical properties is limited. To modulate the drug release as per the desired profile and modify the film properties, ethylcellulose is often used with hydrophilic hypromellose (HPMC) along with plasticizers. The main focus of the current study was the identification of an appropriate solvent system and plasticizer for the ethylcellulose-hypromellose polymer combination. The study evaluated the coating solution properties, the feasibility and efficiency of the process, the physical attributes of the tablet, the surface properties of the polymer film, the in-vitro drug release and behavior, and the impact of curing time on surface properties and drug release, among other factors. The isopropyl alcohol-water mixture (9:1) produced a homogeneous film in comparison to films produced by other solvents. Although both hydrophilic and hydrophobic plasticizers produce homogeneous films, hydrophilic plasticizers have a higher rate of drug diffusion than hydrophobic plasticizers. During the tablet curing and stability study, the drug release from the polymeric film coating with triethyl citrate decreased moderately and with polyethylene glycol decreased significantly. The presence of hydrophobic plasticizers, viz., dibutyl sebacate and acetyl tributyl citrate, in the polymeric film coating does not impact drug release. For the combination of ethylcellulose and hypromellose, it was found that a mixture of isopropyl alcohol and water (9:1) worked better as a solvent for coating solutions, and hydrophobic plasticizers lower the risk associated with coating ethylcellulose and hypromellose together. Plasticizer ; Core (optical fiber) ; Coating ; Solvent ; Polymer science ; Polymer ; Chemical engineering ; Materials science ; Polymer chemistry ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Composite material ; Engineering Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization ; Surfactants and Colloidal Systems ; Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity
Authors: Murat KODALOĞLU
Source: Uluslararası sürdürülebilir mühendislik ve teknoloji dergisi. (article, 2024-06-23)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

EFFLUENT DECOLORIZATION FOR SUSTAINABLE TEXTILE: WASTEWATER TREATMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL RISK AND HUMAN HEALTH Merely 0.4% of the world's water is accessible for human and animal consumption, a stark reminder of our planet's limited freshwater resources. With the escalating demands driven by population growth and industrial pollution, wastewater generation rates have surged. Of particular concern is the textile industry's heavy reliance on water in production processes, coupled with the challenge of treating wastewater laden with significant concentrations of dyestuffs, underscoring the urgent need for ecologically sound solutions. In this study, we explore the efficacy of various parameters, including mechanical agitation and ozone dosage, in the decolorization using Fuzzy Logic estimation techniques. Our findings reveal that higher mechanical agitation enhances ozonation rates, albeit at the expense of decreased efficiency in degrading dyeing auxiliary chemicals. Effluent ; Wastewater ; Textile industry ; Sewage treatment ; Textile ; Environmental science ; Waste management ; Population ; Consumption (sociology) ; Human health ; Dyeing ; Environmental engineering ; Business ; Engineering ; Environmental health ; Geography ; Chemistry ; Medicine Dye analysis and toxicity ; Enzyme-mediated dye degradation ; Dyeing and Modifying Textile Fibers