jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Ozi Adi Saputra | Wahyu Nur S | Annisa Istiqomah | Meiyanti Ratna Kumalasari | Muhammad Irmawan | Fajar Rakhman Wibowo
Source: IJCA (Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis) (article, 2024-09-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Advances in Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biomedical Uses Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have drawn significant attention due to their exceptional properties and diverse range of applications, particularly in nanomedicine. The distinctive properties of MSNs, such as their high surface area, tunable pore size, and versatile surface chemistry, make them ideal candidates for various biomedical applications. This review aims to present a detailed understanding of MSNs, from synthesis and characterization to their versatile applications in biomedicine, highlighting their significant potential in advancing healthcare technologies. The synthesis methods for MSNs were comprehensively discussed, emphasizing the influence of parameters like solvent, base, alkoxysilane concentrations, and template surfactants on the size and shape of the nanostructures. Different types of MSNs, including MCM-41, SBA-15, KIT-6, and hollow MSNs, are discussed, along with their synthesis protocols and unique characteristics. The review also covers various spectroscopic techniques, such as XRD, XPS, FTIR, NMR, and fluorescence spectroscopy, which are crucial for characterizing MSNs. Furthermore, the biomedical applications of MSNs are highlighted, demonstrating their potential in drug delivery systems, imaging, and diagnostics. The review concludes with a discussion of the future perspectives and challenges in the field, providing insights into potential developments and the prospects for clinical translation. Characterization (materials science) ; Mesoporous silica ; Nanoparticle ; Nanotechnology ; Mesoporous material ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Catalysis Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis ; Dendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers ; Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis
Authors: Wenxin Fang | Zijie Li | Chengdong Wang | Xiaowei Zhao | Junyu Li | Gang Ye | Fengwei Huo | Li Qiu | Yanxi Zhang | Wei Huang
Source: Nano Research (article, 2024-12-16)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Enhancing performance of fullerene-based organic electrochemical transistors via side-chain engineering The performance of organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) relies on the interaction between organic semiconductors and ions. Consequently, hydrophilic ethylene glycol (EG) side chains are incorporated into organic semiconductors to improve the channel’s capacity to absorb ions. However, the EG substituted organic semiconductors tend to swell when immersed in aqueous electrolytes and exhibit microstructural changes induced by dopant ions. In our research, we introduce an alkyl spacer to create distance between the fullerene and EG chain. This approach is designed to reduce the negative effects of swelling and balance the ion and electron conduction. We conducted an analysis of OECTs using four fullerene derivatives: no alkyl spacer, butyl, hexyl, and octyl spacers. The OECTs based on fullerene derivatives with butyl and hexyl spacers exhibit enhanced transconductance (<i>g</i><sub>m</sub> = 11.8 and 19.4 mS) compared to the ones without alkyl spacers. It has also been observed that the butyl and hexyl spacers lead to a more than tenfold increase in volumetric capacitance. Further increasing the alkyl spacer (octyl group) leads to no transistor behavior. Our study uncovers the relationship between alkyl spacers and the performance of OECTs based on fullerene derivatives. This will serve as a guideline for designing n-type small molecules for OECTs. Finally, we showcased the potential of utilizing OECTs based on these fullerene derivatives in cation sensing, which is promising for developing sweat sensors. Electrochemistry ; Fullerene ; Side chain ; Transistor ; Materials science ; Nanotechnology ; Organic semiconductor ; Chain (unit) ; Chemical engineering ; Optoelectronics ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Electrode ; Electrical engineering ; Composite material ; Engineering ; Polymer ; Physics ; Voltage Conducting polymers and applications ; Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics ; Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
Authors: Rebeka Mészáros | Vivien Szabó | Bence Kutus | Kornélia Baán | Zoltán Kónya | Ákos Kukovecz | Pál Sipos | Márton Szabados
Source: Applied Catalysis A General (article, 2024-04-16)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Continuous-flow hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde over catalysts derived from modified CoAl4 layered double hydroxides incorporating Mn, Ni, Cu and Zn ions Layered double hydroxides ; Catalysis ; Cinnamaldehyde ; Selectivity ; Chemistry ; Inorganic chemistry ; Calcination ; Desorption ; Base (topology) ; Lewis acids and bases ; Organic chemistry ; Adsorption Layered Double Hydroxides Synthesis and Applications ; Catalysis for Biomass Conversion ; Nanomaterials for catalytic reactions
Authors: Mohamed Slamani | Hamza Chafai | Jean-François Châtelain
Source: Journal of Composite Materials (article, 2024-08-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Impact of fiber orientation on cutting forces and surface quality in flax/epoxy composite machining Flax/epoxy composites are recognized as an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fibers in engineering. Understanding how fiber orientation affects cutting forces and surface characteristics is essential for machining these materials. This study investigates the relationship between fiber orientation and cutting forces (feed, normal, passive) as well as surface roughness in flax/epoxy composites. Results show that fiber orientation significantly impacts cutting forces. Cutting parallel to fibers (0° and 90° orientations) generally requires less force, with 0° needing higher normal force. At 0° orientation, feed force is 46.47 N, normal force is 58.86 N, and passive force is 54.44 N. At 90° orientation, feed force is 56.66 N, normal force is 44.68 N, and passive force is 50.95 N. Oblique orientations (45° and −45°) require higher forces, especially 45°, with the highest normal force of 77.95 N. Surface roughness analysis shows 90° orientation results in the lowest average roughness (Ra) of 10.97 µm but the highest surface roughness (Sa) of 34.25 µm. Conversely, 45° orientation has the highest Ra of 14.2 µm but lower Sa of 22.6 µm. Ra and Sa values for 0° orientation are 13.72 µm and 24.6 µm, and for −45° orientation, they are 12.3 µm and 21.8 µm. Correlation analysis reveals significant relationships between cutting parameters and surface quality, with higher feed rates correlating with smoother surfaces (lower Sa and Ra values). Fiber orientation also significantly influences fluffing defects, with 0° orientation minimizing these defects, while 45° and −45° orientations result in varied patterns. Materials science ; Composite material ; Surface roughness ; Machining ; Orientation (vector space) ; Fiber ; Epoxy ; Surface finish ; Composite number ; Geometry ; Mathematics Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Mechanical Engineering and Vibrations Research ; Tribology and Wear Analysis
Authors: Agathi Vlachou | Despina A. Gkika | Pavlos Efthymiopoulos | George Z. Kyzas | Αλέξανδρος Τσούπρας
Source: Applied Sciences (article, 2024-12-04)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Copper- and Iron-Based Nanoflowers in Cancer Theranostics In recent years, nanoscience and nanotechnology have gained prominence within materials science, offering new opportunities for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Advances in nanotechnology have allowed for the manipulation and size control of nanomaterials, leading to the development of a wide range of materials. The use of nanomaterials as chemical biology tools in cancer theranostics has been widely investigated, owing to their enhanced stability, biocompatibility, and improved cell permeability. These properties enable precise targeting while addressing the limitations of conventional cancer treatments. Nanoflowers, a specific class of nanomaterials, have recently attracted significant interest due to their promising properties for several biomedical applications. However, despite the growing attention toward nanoflowers, detailed reviews on the subject have been limited. This work focuses on two primary types of hybrid nanoflowers: iron- and copper-based ones. Within this article an overview of recent applications in cancer theranostics are thoroughly reviewed, while the synthesis processes for controlling morphology and size, underlying functions, and their characteristics and uses are also extensively explored, aiming to provide a guide for future developments in the field. Nanotechnology ; Cancer therapy ; Nanomaterials ; Materials science ; Cancer ; Medicine Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
Authors: Marwa A. Ahmed | Dóra Hessz | Benjámin Gyarmati | Mirkó Páncsics | Norbert Kovács | Róbert E. Gyurcsányi | Miklós Kubinyi | Viola Horváth
Source: Nanoscale (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

A generic approach based on long-lifetime fluorophores for the assessment of protein binding to polymer nanoparticles by fluorescence anisotropy Quantitation of protein-nanoparticle interactions is essential for the investigation of the protein corona around NPs <i>in vivo</i> and when using synthetic polymer nanoparticles as affinity reagents for selective protein recognition <i>in vitro</i>. Here, a method based on steady-state fluorescence anisotropy measurement is presented as a novel, separation-free tool for the assessment of protein-nanoparticle interactions. For this purpose, a long-lifetime luminescent Ru-complex is used for protein labelling, which exhibits low anisotropy when conjugated to the protein but displays high anisotropy when the proteins are bound to the much larger polymer nanoparticles. As a proof of concept, the interaction of lysozyme with poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide-<i>co-N-tert</i>-butylacrylamide-<i>co</i>-acrylic acid) nanoparticles is studied, and fluorescence anisotropy measurements are used to establish the binding kinetics, binding isotherm and a competitive binding assay. Fluorescence anisotropy ; Fluorescence ; Nanoparticle ; Polymer ; Anisotropy ; Biophysics ; Conjugated system ; Materials science ; Kinetics ; Chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Organic chemistry ; Biology Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Protein Interaction Studies and Fluorescence Analysis ; Polymer Surface Interaction Studies
Authors: Liang Wang | Junjie Jiang | Wentao Zhai
Source: Materials (article, 2024-10-25)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

The Quantitative Evaluation of the Cell Structure Uniformity of Microcellular TPU with Low Porosity via a Digital Image Processing Method The cell structure uniformity of microcellular polymers significantly impacts material performance, especially for low-porosity microcellular TPU used in chip polishing. The distribution of the cell structure of polishing pads directly affects the removal rate and process repeatability. Despite its importance, no quantitative method for evaluating cell structure uniformity has been reported in the literature. In this study, a digital image processing method that involves morphological operations of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, binarization, and cell localization, and the statistical evaluation of cell structure parameters was established to evaluate cell structure uniformity. A quantitative metric, the cell structure uniformity index (CUI), was calculated based on cell structure indices, incorporating the cell size index (<i>U</i><sub>d</sub>), the cell number index (<i>U</i><sub>n</sub>), and the cell local spacing index (<i>U</i><sub>r</sub>). By establishing an ideal model and analyzing representative SEM images, the effectiveness and efficiency of the method for evaluating cell structure uniformity of microcellular TPU were successfully validated. The results demonstrated that low-porosity TPU foams exhibited relatively low cell structure uniformity compared to the ideal model. The heterogeneous nucleation process in TPU caused non-uniform cell structures due to the temporal and spatial non-homogeneities during the early cell nucleation process. As the cells grew, they merged and reduced the distance between them, resulting in improved cell structure uniformity. Porosity ; Digital image analysis ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Image processing ; Digital image processing ; Digital image ; Image (mathematics) ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer science ; Computer vision Polymer Foaming and Composites ; Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization ; Polymer composites and self-healing
Authors: Robert M. Davidson | Daniel Broudy | Shimon Yanowitz | Daniel Santiago | John W. Oller
Source: International Journal of Vaccine Theory Practice and Research (article, 2024-12-31)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

True or False? At Least 55 Undeclared Chemical Elements Have Been Detected by ICP-MS in COVID-19 “Vaccines” Claims of “major flaws” in Diblasi et al. 2024, the article appearing in this journal immediately before this commentary, were published in The Defender after Mike Adams, in his own words, “leveled harsh criticism against Children’s Health Defense”. Those complaints were more directly against this journal and its editors because we reviewed and published that work. Adams said that some values reported were tinier than any detectable by the Agilent 7500cx instrument. From a typo, “µ” for “m” he inferred incompetence and fraudulent intent by the Diblasi team, and said the IJVTPR editors were “duped”. Consequently, we have re-examined the work from raw data to its individual tabled values, every one of them. That flagrant keystroke error was purged with others, but the conclusion stands: the COVID-19 injectables contain at least 55 undeclared chemical elements including so-called “rare earth” metals and 12 of the 15 lanthanides. The likelihood that such elements are not involved in self-assembling entities in the fluids and in the unnatural clots in many recipients is zero. Ongoing gain-of-function bioweapons research together with published agendas for population reduction and control suggest that military-grade nanotechnologies are at play in the world-wide COVID-19 experiment. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ; Virology ; Chemistry ; Chromatography ; Medicine ; Mass spectrometry ; Internal medicine ; Infectious disease (medical specialty) Analytical chemistry methods development ; Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
Authors: Inés R. Salcedo | Montse Bazaga-García | Rosario M. P. Colodrero | Álvaro Vílchez-Cózar | Fernando Cañamero-Cebrián | Pascual Olivera‐Pastor | Jan K. Zaręba | Aurelio Cabeza
Source: Crystal Growth & Design (article, 2024-09-12)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Structural Landscape and Proton Conduction of Lanthanide 5-(Dihydroxyphosphoryl)isophthalates Metal phosphonate-carboxylate compounds represent a promising class of materials for proton conduction applications. This study investigates the structural, thermal, and proton conduction properties of three groups of lanthanide-based compounds derived from 5-(dihydroxyphosphoryl)isophthalic acid (PiPhtA). The crystal structures, solved <i>ab initio</i> from X-ray powder diffraction data, reveal that groups <b>Ln-I</b>, Ln[O<sub>3</sub>P-C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>(COO)(COOH)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>] (Ln = La, Pr), and <b>Ln-II</b>, Ln<sub>2</sub>{[O<sub>3</sub>P-C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>(COO)(COOH)]<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>4</sub>}·2H<sub>2</sub>O (Ln = La, Pr, Eu), exhibit three-dimensional frameworks, while group <b>Ln-III</b>, Ln[O<sub>3</sub>P-C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>(COO)(COOH)(H<sub>2</sub>O)] (Ln = Yb), adopts a layered structure with unbonded carboxylic groups oriented toward the interlayer region. All compounds feature carboxylic groups and coordinating water molecules. Impedance measurements demonstrate that these materials exhibit water-mediated proton conductivity, initially following a vehicle-type proton-transfer mechanism. Upon exposure to ammonia vapors from a 14 or 28% aqueous solution, compounds from groups <b>II</b> and <b>III</b> adsorb ammonia and water, leading to an enhancement in proton conductivity consistent with a Grotthuss-type proton-transfer mechanism. Notably, group <b>II</b> of the studied compounds undergoes the formation of a new expanded phase through the internal reaction of carboxylic groups with ammonia, coexisting with the as-synthesized phase. This postsynthetic modification results in a significant increase in proton conductivity, from approximately ∼5 × 10<sup>-6</sup> to ∼10<sup>-4</sup> S·cm<sup>-1</sup> at 80 °C and 95% relative humidity (RH), attributed to a mixed intrinsic/extrinsic contribution. Remarkably, the NH<sub>3</sub>(28%)-exposed <b>Yb-III</b> compound achieves an enhancement in proton conductivity, reaching ∼ 5 × 10<sup>-3</sup> S·cm<sup>-1</sup> at 80 °C and 95% RH, primarily through an extrinsic contribution. Lanthanide ; Proton ; Thermal conduction ; Chemistry ; Crystallography ; Materials science ; Physics ; Nuclear physics ; Organic chemistry ; Ion ; Composite material Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes ; Magnetism in coordination complexes ; Radioactive element chemistry and processing
Authors: Yang Cai
Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews (review, 2024-09-04)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Conjugation of primary amine groups in targeted proteomics Primary amines, in the form of unmodified N-terminus of peptide/protein and unmodified lysine residue, are perhaps the most important functional groups that can serve as the starting points in proteomic analysis, especially via mass spectrometry-based approaches. A variety of multifunctional probes that conjugate primary amine groups through covalent bonds have been developed and employed to facilitate protein/protein complex characterization, including identification, quantification, structure and localization elucidation, protein-protein interaction investigation, and so forth. As an integral part of more accurate peptide quantification in targeted proteomics, isobaric stable isotope-coded primary amine labeling approaches eventually facilitated protein/peptide characterization at the single-cell level, paving the way for single-cell proteomics. The development and advances in the field can be reviewed in terms of key components of a multifunctional probe: functional groups and chemistry for primary amine conjugation; hetero-bifunctional moiety for separation/enrichment of conjugated protein/protein complex; and functionalized linker/spacer. Perspectives are primarily focused on optimizing primary amine conjugation under physiological conditions to improve characterization of native proteins, especially those associated with the surface of living cells/microorganisms. Chemistry ; Primary (astronomy) ; Amine gas treating ; Proteomics ; Combinatorial chemistry ; Chromatography ; Computational biology ; Organic chemistry ; Biochemistry Click Chemistry and Applications ; Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
Authors: Shahnaz Mukta | Ebenezer H. Bondzie | Sara E. Bell | Chase Deberry | Christopher C. Mulligan
Source: Instruments (article, 2024-06-01)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Criticality of Spray Solvent Choice on the Performance of Next Generation, Spray-Based Ambient Mass Spectrometric Ionization Sources: A Case Study Based on Synthetic Cannabinoid Forensic Evidence Mass spectrometry (MS) is a highly selective and sensitive analytical tool with a myriad of applications, but such techniques are typically used in laboratory settings due to the handling and preparations that are necessary. The merging of two streams of robust research, portable MS systems and next-generation ambient ionization methods, now provides the ability to perform high-performance chemical screening in an on-site and on-demand manner, with natural applications in disciplines such as forensic science, where samples of interest are typically found in field environments (i.e., traffic stops, crime scenes, etc.). Correspondingly, investigations regarding the suitability and robustness of these methodologies when they are utilized for authentic forensic evidence processing are prudent. This work reports critical insights into the role that choice of spray solvent system plays regarding analytical performance of two spray-based ambient ionization sources, paper spray ionization (PSI) and filter cone spray ionization (FCSI), when employed for evidence types containing emerging synthetic cannabinoids. The systematic characterization studies reported herein show that the applied spray solvent can dramatically affect both spectral intensity and signal duration, and in some circumstances, yield deleterious false negative responses. Overall, acetonitrile-based systems are shown to strike a balance between analyte solubility concerns and spray ionization dynamics of the novel ion sources employed on portable MS systems. Criticality ; Ionization ; Materials science ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Chromatography ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Physics ; Nuclear physics Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis
Authors: Yajuan Zou | Yutaka Shikano | Yuta Nishina | Naoki Komatsu | Eriko Kage‐Nakadai | Masazumi Fujiwara
Source: Chemosphere (article, 2024-04-21)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Size, polyglycerol grafting, and net surface charge of iron oxide nanoparticles determine their interaction and toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans Surface modification ; Ecotoxicity ; Caenorhabditis elegans ; Chemistry ; Ion ; Surface charge ; Nanoparticle ; Nanomaterials ; Toxicity ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Organic chemistry ; Biochemistry Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Microplastics and Plastic Pollution ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
Authors: Chitrakala Ramasamy | Jeck Chuang Tan | Hong Yee Low
Source: Small (article, 2024-10-24)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Nanoimprinting of Crosslinked Polyurethane / Polycaprolactone Blends: Scratch Recovery of Surface Topographies Scratch recovery of micro-nano-patterned polymer surfaces extends the service life of products that require tunable surface properties and contributes to more sustainable development. Scratch recovery has been widely studied in bulk and 4D-printed polymers via intrinsic self-healing mechanisms. Existing studies on self-healing of micro/nano-scale polymeric surfaces are limited to the recovery of controlled tensile or compressive strain. Scratch recovery requires material transport to close the gap created by a scratch. Here, for the first time, scratch recovery of thermally nanoimprinted polymer surfaces in a heterogeneous polymer is reported. A blend of Polyurethane (TPU) and poly(caprolactone) (PCL) with selectively crosslinked TPU imparts shape-memory properties, and the uncrosslinked PCL retains chain mobility for molecular diffusion during scratch recovery. Scratch recovery of nanoimprinted micro-pillars has been achieved spontaneously and completely by heat and without any pressure input. The healing temperature is determined to be the melting point of PCL at 60 °C. Rapid recovery is also achieved at 60 s with complete closure of scratch width of 5 µm and topography recovery of the nanoimprinted micro-pillars. Scratch ; Materials science ; Polycaprolactone ; Polymer ; Polyurethane ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Composite material ; Shape-memory polymer Polymer composites and self-healing ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials ; Advanced Materials and Mechanics