jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Jittakan Pachimsawat | Takeharu Tsuge | Suchada Chanprateep Napathorn
Source: Biofuel Research Journal (article, 2025-09-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Rewiring Escherichia coli central carbon metabolism for the sustainable bioconversion of waste glycerol into biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate The biomaterial polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a promising, renewable, and green alternative polymer. In this study, a method to incorporate gluconate 6-phosphate dehydratase (edd) deletion in Escherichia coli expressing PHB biosynthesis genes from Cupriavidus necator strain A-04 was proposed. The growth of the edd-deficient strain, which is defective in the glycolytic Entner–Doudoroff pathway, decreased significantly in Luria-Bertani (LB) medium supplemented with glucose. Surprisingly, compared with the wild-type strain, the recombinant edd-deficient strain expressing PHB biosynthesis genes exhibited expeditious PHB accumulation with a high PHB content. The edd-deficient strain reached the highest PHB concentration of 7.6 g/L and a 93 wt% PHB content within 30 h of flask-scale cultivation when commercial glucose was used as the sole carbon source. In addition, the resulting strain was able to utilize crude glycerol waste from the biodiesel industry for PHB accretion with a 74.8 wt% content in 24 h. The PHB yields obtained from glucose and crude glycerol waste were 0.37 and 0.20 g PHB/g substrate, respectively. These findings not only broaden the understanding of the effect of glucose metabolism on PHB production but also provide promising candidates for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates in the future. Polyhydroxybutyrate ; Bioconversion ; Glycerol ; Escherichia coli ; Chemistry ; Polyhydroxyalkanoates ; Waste management ; Carbon source ; Pulp and paper industry ; Bacteria ; Food science ; Fermentation ; Biochemistry ; Biology ; Engineering biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties ; Carbon dioxide utilization in catalysis ; Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
Authors: K. P. Jayachandran | Deepa Rajendran Lekshmi | J. M. Guedes | Kuzhichalil Peethambharan Surendran | Helder Epifane Rodrigues
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-10-22)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Magnetic and electric polar regions in the magnetoelectric composite microstructure Magnetoelectric (ME) composites containing lead-free oxides with high dielectric constant and switchable electric polarization are required for use in devices in integrated microelectronics and memory storage. Introduction of random local heterogeneity originally meant to enhance ferroelectric polarization is employed in ME composite to generate ME response through simulation and experiment. Using a combination of continuum simulations, atomic force microscopy, and screen printing of ME composite we demonstrate robust magnetoelectric coupling in environmentally benign lead-free rare earth substituted SrTiO[Formula: see text]-CoFe[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text] system. Distinct from other reports, the locations of polar magnetic regions (PMRs) and electric regions -that are critical for information storage- in the microstructure are identified in this system. Antiparallel local magnetic field vectors dots the microstructure of the composite. Detection of local stress/strain formations in accordance with magnetostriction is a prime validation of the robustness of computational model. Besides, the computed averages of polarization and magnetization along the applied field direction are found to be in good agreement with the measurements. Histograms of local strains were mapped in order to go incisively into the composite microstructure. Substantial build-up of electrical potential (a measure of the abundance of piezoelectric charges) induced by the external magnetic field is one of the key features observed. Magnetostriction ; Dielectric ; Piezoelectricity ; Microstructure ; Ferroelectricity ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Magnetization ; Polar ; Magnetic field Multiferroics and related materials ; Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials ; Advanced Condensed Matter Physics
Authors: Wanzhong Li | Jinlong Fan | P. Huo | Yongqiang Zhang
Source: Materials (article, 2025-06-20)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Analysis of Collapse Strength and Life Prediction of Casings in Formation Water Service Environments In oil and gas field development, the highly mineralized formation water environment often leads to casing corrosion, significantly reducing its collapse strength and service life. To investigate the corrosion characteristics and mechanical degradation of casings in formation water, this study combines high-temperature high-pressure (HTHP) corrosion experiments with finite element analysis to examine the influence of corrosion pit geometry and volume loss on casing collapse strength. Based on experimental data and simulation results, the safe service life of casing under various conditions is also predicted. The results show that greater material loss due to corrosion leads to lower collapse strength. Under the same volume loss, cylindrical pits cause the most severe reduction in collapse strength, while semi-ellipsoidal pits result in the least degradation. Elevated temperature and pressure significantly accelerate corrosion and further reduce mechanical performance. Under service conditions of 20 MPa-80 °C, 11 MPa-50 °C, and 2 MPa-20 °C, the predicted safe service life of the casing is 4.84, 7.57, and 11.61 years, respectively. The approach proposed in this study provides a reference for the evaluation of collapse resistance and service life prediction of casings exposed to formation water environments. Service life ; Forensic engineering ; Materials science ; Geotechnical engineering ; Composite material ; Engineering Material Properties and Failure Mechanisms ; Structural Integrity and Reliability Analysis ; Engineering Diagnostics and Reliability
Authors: Sarita Roy | Tanmay Sarkar | Runu Chakraborty
Source: Discover Biotechnology (article, 2025-07-24)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Enhancing shelf-life and sensory quality of Kachagolla (sweet cottage cheese truffles) through jamun seed and coconut sugar substitution Kachagolla is a traditional Indian sweetmeat. It has a concise shelf life at room temperature (1–2 days after preparation). Jamun seeds (Syzygium cumini) are widely recognised for their antibiotic, antihyperglycemic, and antioxidant activity. Likewise, coconut sugar, with a low glycemic index, is healthier than most off-the-shelf sugars. This study was conducted to determine the effect of jamun seed powder (JSP) and coconut sugar (CS) fortification on the sensory attributes and shelf life of normal Kachagolla (NK). Since food colour is an essential component to draw customers’ attention, Box–Behnken design (BBD) was considered to obtain ideal optimal parameters for maximising total colour difference (ΔE) of the developed jamun seed-fortified Kachagolla (JSK). RSM optimisation revealed that a fixed microwave power level of 600 W, a 30% CS, and a 2% JSP were the optimum parameters. The polyphenolic content, antioxidant activity, physicochemical, functional, colour, textural, and organoleptic quality of Kachagolla were also estimated. The findings demonstrated that the total polyphenol content (TPC) and ABTS activity of JSK were significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared to NK. A 2.71% increase in hardness was observed in Kachagolla after fortification. HPLC analysis revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in phenolic acids in JSK samples. Throughout the 7-day storage period, it was found that the JSK samples exhibited significantly lower (p < 0.05) lipid oxidation activities compared to those of NK. Based on microbiological and sensory studies, it can be inferred that JSK can be stored for 5–6 days longer at room temperature than NK. Sugar ; Shelf life ; Substitution (logic) ; Food science ; Horticulture ; Biology ; Computer science Coconut Research and Applications ; Food Science and Nutritional Studies ; Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Kusumala Suman | Devika Srivastava | Rajesh Kumar
Source: ENTOMON (article, 2025-09-30)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Characterization and antibacterial properties of oak tasar and mulberry silkworm pupae oils Current study provides a valuable insight into physical, thermal, and antibacterial studies of oak tasar pupae oil (OTPO) and mulberry silkworm pupae oil (MSPO). It was observed that both OTPO and MSPO showed comparable melting ranges which were -105°C to -70°C for OTPO and -96°C to -70°C for MSPO. However, this also shows that OTPO solidifies at lower temperatures than MSPO. The viscosity of OTPO was observed as 26.16 cP, whereas, for MSPO it was 25.60 cP. The colour of the OTPO appeared as brown and yellow for MSPO which corresponds to the values 18Y + 2.1 R and 14Y + 1.0 R displayed through the tintometer, respectively. The specific gravity values OTPO and MSPO were 0.863 ± 0.0016 and 0.910± 0.001 respectively. The antibacterial activity of the oil samples was evaluated against Streptococcus pyogenes (MTCC733) and Salmonella typhi (MTCC442). Both OTPO and MSPO emphasized significant bactericidal abilities against the selected bacterial strains. OTPO exhibited higher antibacterial activity on gram-negative S. typhi of 15.33 ±1.15mm at 70µL. Whereas, MSPO exhibited a maximum zone of inhibition of 13 ± 1mm at 70µL on gram-positive S. pyogenes. Further, at 20µL, MSPO showed an inhibition of 9 ± 0mm against S. pyogenes, while OTPO showed no activity against any of the strains. Furthermore, at 50µL, the zone of inhibition of 9.67 ± 0.58mm was observed for both OTPO and MSPO against S. pyogenes. Although, at the same concentration12.67 ± 1.15mm zone of inhibition was measured for OTPO and no activity for MSPO was obtained for S. typhi. The results showed significant antibacterial activity, for OTPO, which exhibited a maximum inhibition zone of 15.33 ± 1.15mm against S. typhi. Antibacterial activity ; Salmonella typhi ; Pupa ; Salmonella ; Husk ; Bacteria Silk-based biomaterials and applications ; Biodiesel Production and Applications ; Polymer composites and self-healing
Authors: Cheol-Jin Jeong | Eunju Kim | Sueongkuk Han
Source: Processes (article, 2025-05-19)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Evaluation of Ultrasonic Cleaning Characteristics of Filter Cloth in Filter Press Cleaning System In this study, ultrasonic excitation was employed for filter cloth cleaning, with the aim of predicting optimal cleaning conditions and monitoring the efficiency and performance of the cloth under various cleaning parameters. A clogged filter cloth of uniform size (Φ0.11 m) was secured in a prepared cleaning apparatus, and cleaning experiments were conducted by varying the following operational conditions: time (2, 5, 10 min), frequency (34, 76, 120 kHz), and power output (100, 200, 300 W). Through these experiments, this study sought to investigate the cleaning capacity and efficiency of each condition and to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasonic cleaning. The morphology of the filter cloths before and after cleaning was examined through SEM imaging, and the weight content of the filter cloths was measured before and after the cleaning experiments to incorporate these values into the cleaning efficiency assessment. Additionally, air permeability measurements were taken to predict the impact of permeability on cleaning performance, which was statistically analyzed based on a predictive model’s equation. The experimental results showed that the maximum recovery rate of air permeability for clogged filter cloths was approximately 28.6%. Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), the air permeability recovery rate and weight reduction rate were 19.8% and 5.8%, respectively, under conditions of 5.2 min, 34 kHz, and 300 W. It is anticipated that the utilization of the filter press cleaning device will enable data acquisition through repeated experiments and that this device can be used in filter cloth management and operational techniques. Ultrasonic sensor ; Filter (signal processing) ; Filter press ; Environmental science ; Materials science ; Acoustics ; Pulp and paper industry ; Engineering ; Electrical engineering ; Physics Ultrasound and Cavitation Phenomena ; Erosion and Abrasive Machining ; Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation
Authors: Lu Yang | Lei Yu | Liqiang Zhou | Liu Li | Shimin Tang | Y. Li | Na Li
Source: Discover Oncology (article, 2025-09-30)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Mapping research hotspots and trends in hepatocellular carcinoma nanomedicine: a bibliometric analysis Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent cancer globally with a poor prognosis. Nanomedicine applications are expected to enhance early detection, improve cytotoxic drug utilization, and improve HCC prognosis. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of research on nanomedicines in HCC, focusing on current hotspots and exploring future development directions. By searching Web of Science, we collected 4,372 English-language articles from January 1, 2012 to October 31, 2022. China emerged as the leading contributor with 2,473 publications (55.6%), followed by the US (299, 6.8%) and India (284, 6.5%). Sun Yat-sen University had the highest number of publications. The most cited journal was the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE, and BIOMATERIALS was the most influential based on H/g/m indices. Key research areas included NANOPARTICLES (11% of keyword occurrences), HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA (8% ), and DRUG-DELIVERY (6%). in-vitro drug-delivery research remains a potential area. This study reveals that nanomedicines have significant potential in improving HCC early detection, drug-use efficiency, and prognosis. Encapsulating cytotoxic drugs in nanoparticles is a predominant research hotspot, while nanoparticle toxicity's impact on human systems may be a promising future direction. These findings provide valuable insights for guiding future research and clinical translation in HCC nanomedicine. Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Bibliometrics ; China ; Nanomedicine ; Web of science ; Translational research ; Liver cancer Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
Authors: Chenzhen Xia | Yue Zhang
Source: AgriEngineering (article, 2025-10-10)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Estimating Field-Scale Soil Organic Matter in Agricultural Soils Using UAV Hyperspectral Imagery Fast and precise monitoring of soil organic matter (SOM) during maize growth periods is crucial for real-time assessment of soil quality. However, the big challenge we usually face is that many agricultural soils are covered by crops or snow, and the bare soil period is short, which makes reliable SOM prediction complex and difficult. In this study, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was utilized to acquire multi-temporal hyperspectral images of maize across the key growth stages at the field scale. The auxiliary predictors, such as spectral indices (I), field management (F), plant characteristics (V), and soil properties (S), were also introduced. We used stepwise multiple linear regression, partial least squares regression (PLSR), random forest (RF) regression, and XGBoost regression models for SOM prediction, and the results show the following: (1) Multi-temporal remote sensing information combined with multi-source predictors and their combinations can accurately estimate SOM content across the key growth periods. The best-fitting model depended on the types of models and predictors selected. With the I + F + V + S predictor combination, the best SOM prediction was achieved by using the XGBoost model (R2 = 0.72, RMSE = 0.27%, nRMSE = 0.16%) in the R3 stage. (2) The relative importance of soil properties, spectral indices, plant characteristics, and field management was 55.36%, 26.09%, 9.69%, and 8.86%, respectively, for the multiple periods combination. Here, this approach can overcome the impact of the crop cover condition by using multi-temporal UAV hyperspectral images combined with valuable auxiliary variables. This study can also improve the field-scale farmland soil properties assessment and mapping accuracy, which will aid in soil carbon sequestration and soil management. Hyperspectral imaging ; Partial least squares regression ; Precision agriculture ; Soil water ; Soil organic matter ; Soil management ; Field (mathematics) ; Agriculture ; Linear regression ; Soil map Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Soil Geostatistics and Mapping ; Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
Authors: Grant Batzel | Yiqun Wang | Antonia K. Bock | E. Chen | Stephanie Neal | Rebecca N. Lopez‐Anido | Yoon Lee | Evan Tjeerdema | Emily Ignatoff | Tejasvi Patil | Gabriela Ramírez | Maryna P. Lesoway | Amro Hamdoun | Deirdre C. Lyons
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B Molecular and Developmental Evolution (article, 2025-05-04)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

CRISPR/Cas9 Knockout of Shell Matrix Protein 1 in the Slipper‐Snail <i>Crepidula atrasolea</i> Over the course of hundreds of millions of years, biomineralization has evolved independently many times across all kingdoms of life. Among animals, the phylum Mollusca displays a remarkable diversity in biomineral structures, particularly the molluscan shell, which varies greatly in shape, size, pigmentation, and patterning. Shell matrix proteins (SMPs) are key components of these shells, and are thought to drive the precipitation of calcium carbonate minerals and influence shell morphology. However, this structure-function relationship has rarely been studied directly because tools for knocking out genes did not exist in molluscs until recently. In this study, we report the first successful use of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to target an SMP in gastropod molluscs. Using the emerging model gastropod Crepidula atrasolea, we generated knockouts of the SMP1 gene. Successful gene editing was confirmed by Sanger and MiSeq sequencing, and loss of SMP1 expression was validated through high-content imaging of crispant embryos. This study establishes C. atrasolea as a valuable model for investigating the genetic basis of shell formation and provides a framework for applying CRISPR/Cas9 technology in other molluscan species. Our approach will enable future studies to thoroughly test the role of SMPs in shaping the diverse array of molluscan shell structures. CRISPR ; Biology ; Cas9 ; Biomineralization ; Snail ; Shell (structure) ; Sanger sequencing ; Gene knockout ; Gene ; Evolutionary biology ; Computational biology ; Genetics ; Paleontology ; Mutation ; Engineering Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition ; Marine Biology and Environmental Chemistry ; Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
Authors: Miriam Distefano | Giovanni Avola | Claudio Cantini | Beniamino Gioli | Alice Cavaliere | Ezio Riggi
Source: Remote Sensing (article, 2025-09-24)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

A Biologically Informed Wavelength Extraction (BIWE) Method for Hyperspectral Classification of Olive Cultivars and Ripening Stages Reliable tools for cultivar discrimination and ripening stage evaluation are critical to optimize harvest timing and support milling process focused on olive oil quality. This research examines the spectral properties of olive drupes throughout different maturation stages, ranging from green to full purple-black pigmentation, across 29 distinct cultivars. High-resolution spectrometric analysis was conducted within the 380–1080 nm wavelength range. Multiple analytical approaches were employed to optimize wavelength selection from hyperspectral reflectance data to obtain discriminating tools for olive classification. A Biologically Informed Wavelength Extraction method (BIWE) was developed, focusing on cultivar and ripening stages identification, and pivoted on biologically informed single wavelengths and Vegetation Indices (VIs) selection. The methodology integrated multi-scale spectral analysis with biochemically weighted scoring and a multi-criteria evaluation framework, employing a two-iteration refinement process to identify optimal spectral features with high discriminatory power and biological relevance. Analysis revealed spectral variations associated with maturation. A characteristic reflectance peak at approximately 550 nm observed during early ripening stages underwent a notable shift, developing into distinct spectral behavior within the 700–780 nm range in intermediate and advanced ripening stages and reaching a plateau for all the samples between 800 and 950 nm. The BIWE method achieved exceptional efficiency in olive classification, utilizing only 25 single wavelengths compared to 114 required by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and 131 by Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE), representing 4.6-fold and 5.2-fold reductions, respectively. Despite this reduction, BIWE’s overall accuracy (0.5634) remained competitive compared to RFE (−10%) and PCA (−8%) alternative approaches requiring larger wavelengths dataset acquisition. The integration of biochemically relevant VIs enhanced accuracy across all methodologies, with BIWE demonstrating notable improvement (+19.2%). BIWE demonstrated effective olive identification capacity with a reduction in required wavelengths and VIs dataset, affecting the technological needs (spectrometer offset and real-time classification applications) for a tool oriented to olive cultivars and ripening stage discrimination. Hyperspectral imaging ; Ripening ; Wavelength ; Cultivar ; Principal component analysis ; Selection (genetic algorithm) ; Reflectivity ; Extraction (chemistry) ; Process (computing) Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Remote Sensing in Agriculture ; Remote-Sensing Image Classification
Authors: Samira Mavaddati | Mohammad Razavi
Source: International Journal of Engineering (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

An Optimized YOLO-ViT Hybrid Model for Enhanced Precision in Rice Classification and Quality Assessment Rice holds strategic importance in economic and nutritional value, making accurate classification and quality assessment essential for agricultural production and market supply chains. This study introduces an innovative approach that combines the strengths of the You Only Look Once (YOLOv8) and Vision Transformer (ViT) models to enhance the classification of five key rice varieties like Tarom, Shiroodi, Fajr, Neda, and Basmati. That provides a comprehensive quality assessment. YOLOv8 enables rapid and precise detection of rice grains in images, while ViT captures complex spatial relationships and dependencies among image features, improving the model's ability to handle intricate patterns and contextual information. Three scenarios are explored: Scenario I employs a standalone YOLOv8 model; Scenario II implements a YOLO-ViT hybrid model for extracting spatial and relational features, and Scenario III integrates YOLO-ViT for combined detection and quality evaluation. The results demonstrate that the hybrid YOLO-ViT model significantly enhances classification accuracy and quality assessment, highlighting its effectiveness for agricultural quality control and food supply chain management. This approach innovatively leverages YOLO’s fast object classification capabilities and ViT’s ability to model complex relationships, providing a high-precision and efficient solution for rice quality evaluation., The proposed model has the potential to improve food safety and facilitate effective market management.The model is widely applicable in automated agricultural systems. Quality (philosophy) ; Computer science ; Quality assessment ; Agricultural engineering ; Environmental science ; Artificial intelligence ; Reliability engineering ; Engineering ; Evaluation methods Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Remote Sensing and Land Use