jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Swati Meel | Baljeet Singh Saharan
Source: Discover Agriculture (article, 2024-11-29)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Enhancing crop resilience towards drought: by integrating nanotechnology, microbiomes, and growth-promoting rhizobacteria The complexity of plant traits and involvement of a number of genes, decreasing progress in the genetic engineering and the molecular breeding mainly hinders the quest to enhance the drought resistance in crops. A viable short-term solution could be the Chemical priming but its high cost and potential environmental risks, like altering the fertility of soil and affecting the ecosystems, limits the widespread adoption of it in natural farming. To sustainably and efficiently enhancing the crop resilience to drought, there is a potential need of innovative techniques. Due to the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, the nanotechnology presents a promising avenue. These nano-materials can potentially improve the efficiency of water use, uptake of nutrients and tolerance of stress in plants. For instance, the nanoparticles can be efficiently used in delivering the nutrients and water more effectively to roots of plant, can reduce loss of water by forming protective coatings on leaf surfaces and by enhancing photosynthesis efficiency under stressful conditions. Moreover, nanomaterials can be engineered in a specific way to release beneficial compounds in a controlled manner, which minimizes the environmental impacts and maximizes the plant uptake. In parallel, harnessing the capabilities of plant microbiomes offers an environmentally friendly approach. Microbiomes, present abundant in natural ecosystems, exhibit high metabolic flexibility and physiological tolerance, contributing significantly to the availability of nutrients and stress mitigation in the plants. They achieve this through processes such as nitrogen fixation, solubilization of various minerals and production of beneficial compounds like exopolysaccharides and hormones. Leveraging microbiomes in agriculture could enhance crop resilience to drought while promoting the sustainable farming practices. Looking forward, integrating nanotechnology with microbiome-based approaches holds promise for synergistically enhancing crop drought resistance. By combining precise nutrient delivery and stress tolerance support from microbiomes, this integrated strategy could offer a robust solution to the challenges posed by drought in agriculture. Embracing these advancements represents a forward-looking approach towards sustainable food production in a changing climate landscape. Rhizobacteria ; Resilience (materials science) ; Crop ; Microbiome ; Drought stress ; Nanotechnology ; Environmental science ; Agronomy ; Materials science ; Biology ; Rhizosphere ; Bacteria Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
Authors: Youdi Gu | Zhenyi Zheng | Lanxin Jia | Shu Shi | Tieyang Zhao | Tao Zeng | Qihan Zhang | Yao Zhu | Han Wang | Jingsheng Chen
Source: Advanced Functional Materials (article, 2024-06-19)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Ferroelectric Control of Spin‐Orbitronics Abstract Spin‐orbit coupling refers to the relativistic interaction between the spin and orbital motions of electrons. This interaction leads to numerous intriguing phenomena, including spin‐orbit torques, spin–momentum locking, topological spin textures, etc., that have recently gained prominence in the field of spin‐orbitronics. In particular, the emerging ferroelectric control is recognized and validated as an effective means to enhance energy efficiency across a broad spectrum of spin‐orbitronic devices. Here, cutting‐edge research on ferroelectric control of spin‐orbitronics (FECSO) by means of spontaneous polarization, reversible ferroelectric switching, and multiferroic coupling, are comprehensively reviewed. Two fascinating topics are mainly discussed: topological spin texture and spin‐charge interconversion. The classification of control mechanisms for different interactions in FECSO is summarized first. Then, from the perspective of material classification, the ferroelectric‐controlled spin‐orbit coupling with tunable topological spin texture in oxide systems, magnetic metal multilayers, and 2D van der Waals materials is reviewed. Subsequently, the ferroelectric‐tunable spin‐charge interconversion on heavy metal layers, oxide interfaces, and ferroelectric Rashba semiconductors is highlighted. In the end, the challenges and forthcoming prospects of FECSO are discussed. This work may provide pertinent and forward‐thinking guidance to accelerate the ongoing advancement of this field. Materials science ; Ferroelectricity ; Spin (aerodynamics) ; Condensed matter physics ; Nanotechnology ; Optoelectronics ; Dielectric ; Thermodynamics ; Physics Multiferroics and related materials ; Magneto-Optical Properties and Applications ; Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials
Authors: Jan Kathleen Maya Punzalan | Kurt A. Rosentrater
Source: Animals (review, 2024-06-05)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Copra Meal: A Review of Its Production, Properties, and Prospects Copra meal, the byproduct of coconut oil production, has been widely available at low cost but has been underutilized, with huge portions still becoming waste. Extensive research on different species have been performed to improve its use as an alternative feed ingredient, aiming to reduce the impact of fluctuating feed prices in some parts of the world where coconut is a major commodity. As for any biological product, the physical and chemical properties of copra meal play a crucial role in its use and limitations. In the case of copra meal, studies have found that additional treatments are needed to improve its nutritional composition and make it readily and efficiently available for ruminant and monogastric animals, poultry, and aquaculture applications. This paper presents a summary of up-to-date information on the physical and chemical characteristics of the product, as well as discussions on the various methods employed to improve and optimize its biological value as animal feed. There have been limited studies that have explored other effective and economical means of utilizing copra meal outside the livestock and feed industry. Hence, this paper also aims to provide a lens on future prospects and diverse applications involving copra meal, as well as to present the gaps and challenges that have to be addressed to maximize its product value and biological potential. Copra ; Coconut oil ; Biotechnology ; Production (economics) ; Ingredient ; Livestock ; Product (mathematics) ; Meal ; Business ; Biochemical engineering ; Food science ; Engineering ; Biology ; Mathematics ; Economics Coconut Research and Applications ; Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides ; GABA and Rice Research
Authors: Chunxian Piao | Jaeho Lee | G. E. Kim | Young Ho Choe | H. LEE | Young‐Min Hyun
Source: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (article, 2024-07-26)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Targeted Delivery of Nanoparticle-Conveyed Neutrophils to the Glioblastoma Site for Efficient Therapy Glioblastoma is a common brain tumor that poses considerable challenges in drug delivery. In this study, we investigated the potential of cell-based nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery to the glioblastoma sites. The anticancer drug of temozolomide (TMZ)-loaded T7-cholesterol nanoparticle micelles efficiently delivered nanoparticles to neutrophils and, subsequently, to the tumors. T7 is a cell-penetrating peptide that enhances the delivery of T7/TMZ to the target cells. T7 also serves as a transferrin target peptide, enabling targeted delivery to tumors. T7-conjugated cholesterol can self-assemble into micelles in aqueous solution and attach to the membrane of neutrophils. We confirmed that T7/TMZ nanoparticle micelles were efficiently located inside the neutrophils. Thereafter, T7/TMZ-conveyed neutrophils were administered to a glioblastoma mouse model, enabling neutrophils to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and deliver drugs directly to the tumor site. We evaluated the drug delivery efficiency and therapeutic effects of intravenous injection of T7/TMZ-conveyed neutrophils to a glioblastoma mouse model. These results demonstrate the promising role of neutrophil-based nanoparticle delivery systems in the targeted therapy of glioblastoma. Glioblastoma ; Materials science ; Nanoparticle ; Nanotechnology ; Cancer therapy ; Cancer research ; Cancer ; Medicine ; Internal medicine Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics ; Cancer Research and Treatments
Authors: J. Cane | Alan Barth | Jaime Farrington | E. Flynn | Simon Kirk | J. Lilburne | Z. Vízváry
Source: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences (article, 2024-08-26)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Managing the heat: In-Vessel Components The Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP) programme aims to deliver a first-of-a-kind fusion prototype powerplant (SPP). The SPP plasma places extreme heat, particle and structural loads onto the plasma-facing components (PFCs) of the divertor, limiters and inboard and outboard sections of the first wall. The PFCs must manage the heat and particle loads and wider powerplant requirements relating to safety, net power generation, tritium breeding and plant availability. To enable STEP PFC concepts to be identified that satisfy these wide-ranging requirements, an iterative design ('Decide & Iterate') methodology has been used to synchronize a prioritized set of decisions, within the fast-paced, iterative, whole plant concept design schedule. This paper details the 'Decide and Iterate' methodology and explains how it has enabled the identification of the SPP PFC concepts. These include innovative PFC solutions such as a helium-cooled discrete and panel limiter design to increase tritium breeding while providing sufficient coverage and enabling individual limiter replacement; the integration of the outboard first wall with the breeding zone to enhance fuel self-sufficiency and power generation; and the use of heavy water (D<sub>2</sub>O) within the inboard first wall and divertor PFCs to increase tritium breeding within the outboard breeding zone. This article is part of the theme issue 'Delivering Fusion Energy - The Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP)'. Business Nuclear Materials and Properties ; Fusion materials and technologies ; Magnetic confinement fusion research
Authors: Milana Bazayeva | Claudia Andreini | Antonio Rosato
Source: Acta Crystallographica Section D Structural Biology (article, 2024-04-29)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A database overview of metal-coordination distances in metalloproteins Metalloproteins are ubiquitous in all living organisms and take part in a very wide range of biological processes. For this reason, their experimental characterization is crucial to obtain improved knowledge of their structure and biological functions. The three-dimensional structure represents highly relevant information since it provides insight into the interaction between the metal ion(s) and the protein fold. Such interactions determine the chemical reactivity of the bound metal. The available PDB structures can contain errors due to experimental factors such as poor resolution and radiation damage. A lack of use of distance restraints during the refinement and validation process also impacts the structure quality. Here, the aim was to obtain a thorough overview of the distribution of the distances between metal ions and their donor atoms through the statistical analysis of a data set based on more than 115 000 metal-binding sites in proteins. This analysis not only produced reference data that can be used by experimentalists to support the structure-determination process, for example as refinement restraints, but also resulted in an improved insight into how protein coordination occurs for different metals and the nature of their binding interactions. In particular, the features of carboxylate coordination were inspected, which is the only type of interaction that is commonly present for nearly all metals. Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB) ; Metalloprotein ; Protein Data Bank ; Biological system ; Computer science ; Metal ; Chemistry ; Process (computing) ; Carboxylate ; Protein structure ; Computational chemistry ; Biology ; Stereochemistry Enzyme Structure and Function ; RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms ; Protein Structure and Dynamics
Authors: Chiara Pasini | Zhander Vohr Soreño | Dennis Schönfeld | Thorsten Pretsch | Gissela Constante | Ilia Sadilov | Leonid Ionov
Source: Macromolecular Rapid Communications (article, 2024-03-09)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

4D Fabrication of Two‐Way Shape Memory Polymeric Composites by Electrospinning and Melt Electrowriting This work presents a new method for 4D fabrication of two-way shape memory materials that are capable of reversible shapeshifting right after manufacturing, upon application of proper heating and cooling cycles. The innovative solution presented here consists in the combination of highly stretched electrospun shape memory polymer (SMP) nanofibers with a melt electrowritten elastomer. More specifically, the stretched nanofibers are made of a biocompatible thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) with crystallizable soft segments, undergoing melt-induced contraction and crystallization-induced elongation upon heating and cooling, respectively. Reversible actuation during crystallization becomes possible due to the elastic recovery of the elastomer component, obtained by melt electrowriting of a commercial TPU filament. Thanks to the design freedom offered by additive manufacturing, the elastomer structure also has the role of guiding the shape transformation. Electrospinning and melt electrowriting process parameters are set up so to obtain smart 4D objects capable of two-way shape memory effect (SME), and the possibility of reversible and repeatable actuation is demonstrated. The two components are then combined in different proportions with the aim of tailoring the two-way SME, taking into account the effect of design parameters such as the SMP content, the elastomer pattern, and the composite thickness. Fabrication ; Composite material ; Electrospinning ; Materials science ; Shape-memory polymer ; Shape-memory alloy ; Polymer Polymer composites and self-healing ; Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
Authors: Qi Guo | Jieyin Ma | Tianjun Yin | Haichuan Jin | Jiaxiang Zheng | Hui Gao
Source: Molecules (article, 2024-05-01)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Superhydrophobic Non-Metallic Surfaces with Multiscale Nano/Micro-Structure: Fabrication and Application Multiscale nano/micro-structured surfaces with superhydrophobicity are abundantly observed in nature such as lotus leaves, rose petals and butterfly wings, where microstructures typically reinforce mechanical stability, while nanostructures predominantly govern wettability. To emulate such hierarchical structures in nature, various methods have been widely applied in the past few decades to the manufacture of multiscale structures which can be applied to functionalities ranging from anti-icing and water-oil separation to self-cleaning. In this review, we highlight recent advances in nano/micro-structured superhydrophobic surfaces, with particular focus on non-metallic materials as they are widely used in daily life due to their lightweight, abrasion resistance and ease of processing properties. This review is organized into three sections. First, fabrication methods of multiscale hierarchical structures are introduced with their strengths and weaknesses. Second, four main application areas of anti-icing, water-oil separation, anti-fog and self-cleaning are overviewed by assessing how and why multiscale structures need to be incorporated to carry out their performances. Finally, future directions and challenges for nano/micro-structured surfaces are presented. Nanotechnology ; Lotus effect ; Nano- ; Materials science ; Fabrication ; Abrasion (mechanical) ; Wetting ; Composite material Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity ; Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer ; Icing and De-icing Technologies
Authors: Weiquan Liao | Zhichao Lu | Chenxing Wang | Xingjia Zhu | Yang Yang | You Zhou | Peipei Gong
Source: Journal of Nanobiotechnology (article, 2024-05-23)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Application and advances of biomimetic membrane materials in central nervous system disorders Central nervous system (CNS) diseases encompass spinal cord injuries, brain tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, and ischemic strokes. Recently, there has been a growing global recognition of CNS disorders as a leading cause of disability and death in humans and the second most common cause of death worldwide. The global burdens and treatment challenges posed by CNS disorders are particularly significant in the context of a rapidly expanding global population and aging demographics. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) presents a challenge for effective drug delivery in CNS disorders, as conventional drugs often have limited penetration into the brain. Advances in biomimetic membrane nanomaterials technology have shown promise in enhancing drug delivery for various CNS disorders, leveraging properties such as natural biological surfaces, high biocompatibility and biosafety. This review discusses recent developments in biomimetic membrane materials, summarizes the types and preparation methods of these materials, analyzes their applications in treating CNS injuries, and provides insights into the future prospects and limitations of biomimetic membrane materials. Neuroscience ; Context (archaeology) ; Drug delivery ; Central nervous system ; Medicine ; Nanotechnology ; Biology ; Materials science Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Extracellular vesicles in disease ; RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
Authors: Guodong Shao | Yan Du | Jiuxuan Zhang | Zhenchen Tang | Hong Jiang | Rizhi Chen
Source: Separation and Purification Technology (article, 2024-02-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Multi-channel ceramic catalytic membrane for highly efficient and continuous hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol Nitrophenol ; Ceramic membrane ; Ceramic ; Channel (broadcasting) ; Catalysis ; Membrane ; Chemical engineering ; 4-Nitrophenol ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Computer science ; Engineering ; Telecommunications ; Biochemistry Nanomaterials for catalytic reactions ; Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction ; Copper-based nanomaterials and applications
Authors: Viraj P. Nirwan | Altangerel Amarjargal | Rebecca Hengsbach | Amir Fahmi
Source: Macromolecular Rapid Communications (review, 2024-10-14)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Electrospun Smart Hybrid Nanofibers for Multifaceted Applications Smart electrospun hybrid nanofibers represent a cutting-edge class of functional nanostructured materials with unique collective properties. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the applications of smart electrospun hybrid nanofibers in the fields of energy, catalysis, and biomedicine. Electrospinning is a powerful tool to fabricate different types of nanofibers' morphologies with precise control over structure and compositions. Through the incorporation of various functional components, such as nanoparticles, nanomoieties, and biomolecules, into the (co)polymer matrix, nanofibers can be tailored into smart hybrid materials exhibiting responsiveness to external stimuli such as temperature, pH, or light among others. Herein recent advancements in fabrication strategies for electrospun smart hybrid nanofibers are discussed, focusing on different electrospinning tools aimed at tailoring and developing smart hybrid nanofibers. These strategies include surface functionalization, doping, and templating, which enable fine-tuning of mechanical strength, conductivity, and biocompatibility. The review explores the challenges and recent progress in the development of smart hybrid nanofibers. Issues such as scalability, reproducibility, biocompatibility, and environmental sustainability are identified as key for improvement. Furthermore, the applications of smart nanofibers in biomedicine, environment, energy storage, and smart textiles underscore their potential to address the challenges in development of nanostructured materials for emerging technologies. Nanofiber ; Electrospinning ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Smart material ; Surface modification ; Biocompatibility ; Polymer ; Composite material ; Mechanical engineering ; Engineering Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials ; Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication
Authors: Bilash Chandra Roy | Sourav Ghosh | Tufan Singha Mahapatra | Amitava Das
Source: Coordination Chemistry Reviews (article, 2024-07-08)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Ultrathin lanthanide-based 2D-coordination nanosheets: A versatile class of 2D materials Chemistry ; Lanthanide ; Coordination complex ; Class (philosophy) ; Nanotechnology ; Combinatorial chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Metal ; Ion Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; 2D Materials and Applications ; Graphene research and applications
Authors: Dezheng Gao | Sining Wang | Yi Wen | Fei Fang | Yichen Li | Shibo Liu | Yaokun Wang | Hongyao Xie | Yuting Qiu | Li‐Dong Zhao
Source: Materials Today Physics (article, 2024-02-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Enhancing thermoelectric properties of ductile Ag2S0.7Te0.3 with trace Ag vacancy Materials science ; Vacancy defect ; TRACE (psycholinguistics) ; Thermoelectric effect ; Metallurgy ; Engineering physics ; Condensed matter physics ; Crystallography ; Thermodynamics Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films ; Heusler alloys: electronic and magnetic properties
Authors: Fan Xue | Qiang Li | Mingxin Lv | Shaoxia Weng | Tianyi Li | Yang Ren | Yanan Liu | Dianqing Li | Yufei He | Qiheng Li | Xin Chen | Qinghua Zhang | Lin Gu | Jinxia Deng | Jie Chen | Lunhua He | Xiaojun Kuang | Jun Miao | Yili Cao | Kun Lin | Xianran Xing
Source: Nano Letters (article, 2024-05-14)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Decoding Active Sites for Highly Efficient Semihydrogenation of Acetylene in Palladium–Copper Nanoalloys Accurately decoding the three-dimensional atomic structure of surface active sites is essential yet challenging for a rational catalyst design. Here, we used comprehensive techniques combining the pair distribution function and reverse Monte Carlo simulation to reveal the surficial distribution of Pd active sites and adjacent coordination environment in palladium-copper nanoalloys. After the fine-tuning of the atomic arrangement, excellent catalytic performance with 98% ethylene selectivity at complete acetylene conversion was obtained in the Pd<sub>34</sub>Cu<sub>66</sub> nanocatalysts, outperforming most of the reported advanced catalysts. The quantitative deciphering shows a large number of active sites with a Pd-Pd coordination number of 3 distributed on the surface of Pd<sub>34</sub>Cu<sub>66</sub> nanoalloys, which play a decisive role in highly efficient semihydrogenation. This finding not only opens the way for guiding the precise design of bimetal nanocatalysts from atomic-level insight but also provides a method to resolve the spatial structure of active sites. Nanomaterial-based catalyst ; Bimetal ; Palladium ; Catalysis ; Acetylene ; Active site ; Coordination number ; Copper ; Selectivity ; Rational design ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Materials science ; Physical chemistry ; Ion ; Organic chemistry Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Catalytic Processes in Materials Science ; Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion