jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Agnė Jučienė | Inga Gurauskienė | Jolita Kruopienė
Source: Sustainability (article, 2025-05-13)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Calculating the Environmental Impact Reduction Due to Extended Lifespan of Clothing Through Clothing Swaps This paper presents an algorithm for evaluating the environmental impact of clothing swaps, promoting extended use and responsible consumption. Implemented in an online swapping platform, the algorithm quantifies reductions in environmental impact due to extended clothing lifespan and avoided purchase of new garments, promoting swapping activities. Developed through scientific literature analysis, life cycle assessment (LCA), and swapping practice studies, the algorithm uses the following key environmental indicators: carbon footprint, water use, energy consumption, and land use. It integrates consumer behavior insights and uses both default and user-entered clothing data to calculate environmental savings. Results show that clothing impact varies by fabric. Viscose and polyester clothing have the lowest environmental impact, while swapping cotton and wool items yields the highest savings, as these materials are more resource intensive. The platform-integrated algorithm recorded 251 swaps over two months, preventing 4203 kg CO2 emissions, 6813 m3 of water use, 3118 m2a crop eq of land use, and 88.79 GJ of energy consumption. These findings highlight the significant environmental benefits of prolonging clothing use through swapping. Clothing ; Reduction (mathematics) ; Business ; Clothing industry ; Environmental science ; Architectural engineering ; Engineering ; Mathematics ; Geography Textile materials and evaluations ; Fashion and Cultural Textiles
Authors: Tatiana E. Gorelik | G. Miehe | Robert Bücker | Kaname Yoshida
Source: Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances (article, 2025-01-31)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Unit-cell parameters determination from a set of independent electron diffraction zonal patterns Due to the short de Broglie wavelength of electrons compared with X-rays, the curvature of their Ewald sphere is low, and individual electron diffraction patterns are nearly flat in reciprocal space. As a result, a reliable unit-cell determination from a set of randomly oriented electron diffraction patterns, an essential step in serial electron diffraction, becomes a non-trivial task. Here we describe an algorithm for unit-cell determination from a set of independent electron diffraction patterns, as implemented in the program PIEP (Program for Interpreting Electron diffraction Patterns), written in the early 1990s. We evaluate the performance of the algorithm by unit-cell determination of two known structures - copper perchlorophthalocyanine (CuPcCl<sub>16</sub>) and lysozyme, challenging the algorithm by high-index zone patterns and long crystallographic axes. Finally, we apply the procedure to a new, structurally uncharacterized five amino acid peptide. Electron diffraction ; Diffraction ; Reciprocal lattice ; Electron ; Reflection high-energy electron diffraction ; Electron backscatter diffraction ; Unit (ring theory) ; Gas electron diffraction ; Set (abstract data type) ; Crystallography ; Reciprocal ; Curvature ; Selected area diffraction ; Physics ; Chemistry ; Computer science ; Algorithm ; Computational physics ; Mathematics ; Optics ; Quantum mechanics ; Geometry Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques ; Enzyme Structure and Function ; Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition
Authors: Sushma Thapa | Ananta Adhikari | Rammani Adhikari
Source: Himalayan Journal of Applied Science and Engineering (article, 2025-01-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Optimization of Corona Ring for 230 kV Polymeric Insulator Using Numerical Method Combined with Statistical Approach and Different Optimization Techniques The key factor governing the long-term reliability of high-voltage composite insulators is electric field distribution. However, when exceeding thresholds and applied for long periods, electric field stresses under severe pollution conditions could lead to deterioration and degradation of the housing materials and consequently lead to failures of the composite insulators. High electric field stress near the energized end fitting results in a corona discharge, mainly leading to the composite insulator's aging. At the critical zone, the electric field strength can be lowered to an acceptable value by different approaches and among them installing a corona ring is considered an effective way. This research is intended to study the electric field distribution across clean and polluted insulator and to design optimized corona ring that improves the electric field stress near the triple junction point (i.e. junction between polymeric shed, surrounded air, and energized end fitting). Finite Element Method is combined with MATLAB in-order to obtain different critical electric field stress at triple junction point for different corona ring configuration. Based on the result from different configurations, optimization function is generated using statistical approach i.e. using MINITAB, which is then further optimized using different optimization techniques (Particle Swarm Optimization, fmincon and Runge Kutta Method). The optimized design parameters are validated with the implementation of the Finite Element Method for the clean and polluted (uniform and non-uniform) insulator resulting 58.852.% and 54.48% reduction of electric field stress for normal and non-uniform pollution condition compared to recommended corona ring. Electric field ; Insulator (electricity) ; Finite element method ; Corona discharge ; Particle swarm optimization ; Corona ring ; Voltage ; Materials science ; Electrical engineering ; Structural engineering ; Composite material ; Engineering ; Mechanics ; Computer science ; Physics ; Algorithm High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation ; Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation
Authors: Hurník Konečná T | Radek Jančík | Daniela Slamková | Bronislav Přibyl | Cveta Tomova | Lolita Rotkina | Tessa M. Burch‐Smith | Sanja Sviben | James A. J. Fitzpatrick | Kirk J. Czymmek
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2025-05-15)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Contextual High-throughput 3D Volume Electron Microscopy Data Acquisition Using Artificial Intelligence Abstract One of the greatest challenges when generating large and/or high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) volume electron microscopy (vEM) datasets is long acquisition times. We developed a method that leverages Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms to increase acquisition throughput for 3D datasets by creating an AI-derived mask for the targeted region of interest, referred to as Adaptive Scanning. This allowed for specific structures to be imaged at high resolution, with the surrounding area captured at lower resolution, without artificially generating or enhancing any raw data. We demonstrate that this dynamic-resolution scanning approach significantly reduced volume acquisition time across a diverse array of organisms and tissues, including brains, parasites, cultured cells, and plants. This multi-resolution strategy has the potential to enhance Focused Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscopy and other forms of vEM, by increasing time savings by up to 2-fold or more, enabling routine generation of multiple and/or larger vEM datasets, more efficiently and cost-effectively, allowing more data collection for increase statistical power for comparative studies. Throughput ; Volume (thermodynamics) ; Computer science ; Microscopy ; Artificial intelligence ; Materials science ; Nanotechnology ; Optics ; Physics Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
Authors: Ramón Ortiz | José Ramos‐Méndez | Jian‐Hua Mao | R. Schulte | Bruce Faddegon
Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology (article, 2025-09-16)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Evaluation of nanodosimetric quantities for ion radiotherapy treatment planning based on the degree of association of survival with cluster dose <i>Objective.</i>To demonstrate potential for a close association between cell survival and cluster dose for ionization parameters (<i>I</i><sub>p</sub>), and to investigate the means to quantify the degree of this association when calculating cluster dose using these nanodosimetric quantities.<i>Approach.</i>The definitions of<i>I</i><sub>p</sub>considered were the number of clusters of<i>k</i>or more ionizations per unit track length {<i>C<sub>k</sub>, k</i>= 1,…10}. For this<i>I</i><sub>p</sub>definition, cluster dose is the number of clusters of<i>k</i>or more ionizations per unit mass. Three sets of published cell survival data, covering a range of clinically relevant particle types and energies, normal and tumor human cells, and aerobic and hypoxic conditions, were used to assess these<i>I</i><sub>p</sub>. Values of<i>C<sub>k</sub></i>were previously calculated for this survival data and evaluated for their application in treatment planning. New to this study, the dependence of cell survival on cluster dose, calculated as local fluence times the mean mass<i>I</i><sub>p</sub>, was used. The degree of association of cell survival with cluster dose was quantified using three statistical methods: the moving window method, the residuals of linear quadratic fit, and the Bayesian information criteria.<i>Results.</i>all three methods identified<i>C</i><sub>5</sub>as the most closely associated with cell survival under aerobic conditions, and<i>C</i><sub>7</sub>under hypoxic conditions, consistent with visual observations. Remarkably,<i>C<sub>k</sub></i>preferred for their close association with cell survival for different particle types having the same fluence, compared to alternative definitions, resulted in a statistically significant closer association of cell survival with cluster dose, regardless of particle fluence.<i>Significance.</i>fluence is a critical property Cluster dose has the potential of supplementing or even replacing RBE-weighted dose in optimization of ion therapy treatment plans. The proposed methodology lays the groundwork for rigorous identification of<i>I</i><sub>p</sub>that exhibit the highest degree of association of cell survival with cluster dose, a trait that greatly enhances the potential clinical impact of cluster dose. Cluster (spacecraft) ; Radiation therapy ; Association (psychology) ; Range (aeronautics) ; Survival analysis ; Cell survival ; Ionization chamber ; Therapeutic index Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging ; Advanced Semiconductor Detectors and Materials
Authors: Jhennyfer Nayara Nogueira Gomes | Dayane Targino de Medeiros | Lívia Maria Mello Viana | Paulo Ricardo Gherardi Hein
Source: Holzforschung (article, 2025-03-24)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Influence of moisture on the identification of tropical wood species by NIR spectroscopy Abstract Solutions for species discrimination are important for monitoring native timber harvesting. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has shown promise for identifying wood species in real time. The influence of moisture content on the model’s performance for classifying wood is not well known. The objective was to evaluate the effect of wood moisture on the predictive capacity of the models for species discrimination based on NIR spectra using a benchtop and a portable spectrometer. First, NIR signatures were collected on the radial face of wood specimens at equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of 11 native species from Amazonia using both equipments. After saturation, new spectra were collected at the maximum moisture condition and subsequently at every 10 % of the water mass loss during drying. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was developed to discriminate the timber species according to their spectral signatures. Principal component analysis of the spectral data obtained in EMC was able to discriminate the species depending on the density gradient of the specimens. Moisture had no significant impact on the spectral signal. The PLS-DA models successfully classified unknown wood samples by species with over 91 % accuracy, regardless of moisture content. Both NIR devices show strong potential for use in forest inspections. Moisture ; Identification (biology) ; Spectroscopy ; Industrial chemistry ; Hardwood ; Botany ; Environmental science ; Biology ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Biochemical engineering ; Engineering Wood and Agarwood Research ; Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Dicho Stratiev | Ivelina Shishkova | Georgi Georgiev | Rosen Dinkov | Angel Nedelchev | Radoslava Nikolova | Anife Veli | Veselina Bureva | Krassimir Atanassov | Frans van den Berg | Dobromir Yordanov | Vesislava Toteva
Source: Processes (article, 2025-02-19)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

The Incompatibility Pitfall in Refining Opportunity Crude Oils Refining light and heavy oils in different proportions seems attractive, especially in cases of geopolitical, economic, environmental, and logistical constraints. The economical attractiveness could be undermined in cases where incompatibility occurs. The current study explores a highly complex refinery performance during processing a blend consisting of 17 crude oils of which one was extra light, five were light, nine were medium, and two were heavy. A n-heptane dilution test, using centrifugation, was employed to assess the colloidal stability of crude oils. In addition, a previously established correlation to relate crude oil vacuum residue fraction Conradson carbon content to asphaltene peptizability Sa according to ASTM D 7157 was also availed for the purpose of evaluating colloidal stability. It was found that the crude desalter amperage increases with the SBNIBN ratio and Sa reduction, reaching its maximum allowable value of 180 A at the SBNIBN ratio of 1.35, and Sa of 0.64. The SBNIBN ratio was found more reliable in predicting oil compatibility than the other SBNINmax ratio used to assess colloidal stability in various research. Along with the increase in crude desalter amperage, fouling of the heat exchangers of a crude oil distillation plant was also recorded. An intercriteria analysis of process data together with crude composition data, and compatibility indices revealed that the amperage enhancement is statistically meaningfully related to an increase in the heaviest crude oil content in the process blend and the compatibility indices SBNIBN ratio and Sa, while the fouling was related only to the content of one of the light crude oils in the processed blend. Refining (metallurgy) ; Crude oil ; Pulp and paper industry ; Chemistry ; Environmental science ; Petroleum engineering ; Engineering Petroleum Processing and Analysis ; Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis ; Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques
Authors: Lukas Bodenbender | Sascha Rohn | Philipp Weller
Source: Chemosensors (article, 2025-04-04)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Pushing Peak Shapes to Perfection by High-Temperature Focus GC-IMS Gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) is a powerful technique in the field of food and flavor analysis specifically, as well as for the determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in general. It offers high sensitivity and selectivity, combined with a robust design. Sample preparation is typically not required, and operating principles under ambient conditions facilitate routine analysis and usage at points of care. As of now, a plethora of applications of GC-IMS exist in the fields of food analysis, primarily for determining flavors and evaluating the authenticity of food. However, the general issue of peak tailing has, so far, not been addressed in IMS. Typical drift tube applications (DTIMS) are designed with emphasis to high detection sensitivities and feature large void volumes. This study aimed to develop an optimized IMS instrument design (“focus IMS”) which allows for signal mapping of eluting compounds. Due to an optimized flow architecture of sample and drift gases, in combination with an increased drift tube temperature, peak tailing is decreased significantly. In this study, the influence of drift gas flow and IMS cell temperature on the peak shape of several relevant allergenic terpenes was investigated. The peak quality optimization of DTIMS approaches for especially high-boiling substances facilitates the analysis of complex matrices, such as cosmetics, Citrus peel, and essence oils, as well as terpenes and terpenoids in general. Focus (optics) ; Perfection ; Materials science ; Physics ; Optics ; Philosophy ; Theology Crystallization and Solubility Studies ; Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Authors: Seong‐Won Moon | Hyeonsu Heo | Dong Kyo Oh | Eunji Lee | Junsuk Rho
Source: Advanced Photonics Research (article, 2025-08-15)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Design of a Bilayer Metalens for Red, Green, and Blue‐Achromatic Imaging with Wide Field of View Metasurfaces offer precise manipulation of light through engineered subwavelength nanostructures. However, metalenses are challenging to design such that they simultaneously achieve wide field of view (WFOV), achromatic focusing at red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and high numerical aperture (NA). Here, an RGB‐achromatic bilayer metalens capable of wide‐angle imaging with a field of view of 80° and a NA of 0.65 is proposed. Utilizing silicon nitride bilayer meta‐atoms, the metalens maintains consistent focal lengths across RGB even at oblique incident angles up to 40°. Simulation results verify superior achromatic focusing and reduced coma aberration compared to conventional hyperbolic metalenses. This approach significantly enhances practical applicability of metalenses in digital imaging and display systems. Achromatic lens ; Optics ; Chromatic aberration ; Coma (optics) ; RGB color model ; Materials science ; Focal length ; Optoelectronics ; Physics ; Chromatic scale ; Computer science ; Lens (geology) ; Computer vision Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Optical Wireless Communication Technologies
Authors: Parisa Feizi | Yahya Maghsoudlou | Hoda ShahiriTabarestani | Seid Mahdi Jafari | A H Bahri
Source: npj Science of Food (article, 2025-07-22)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Green astaxanthin extraction using microwave and ultrasound pretreatments In this study, ultrasonic- and microwave-assisted extraction was performed to recover astaxanthin (ASX) from samples of F. merguiensis shrimp and P. maeoticus Gammarus using three solvents: organic solvent, vegetable oil and ionic micro emulsion. The microemulsions were evaluated in terms of density, conductivity and particle size. The microemulsion had a density of 0.9715 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, a conductivity of 312 µSiemens and an average particle size of 15.8 nm. The results showed that for both samples, the ionic microemulsion solvent performed better in ASX extraction and the F. merguiensis shrimp produced more total carotenoids compared to the other sample. In both methods, the recovery efficiency of ASX increased with increasing amount of solvent. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction better preserved the structure and antioxidant properties of ASX, but the microwave method showed higher extraction efficiency. Astaxanthin ; Microwave ; Extraction (chemistry) ; Ultrasound ; Chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Chromatography ; Materials science ; Food science ; Computer science ; Medicine ; Carotenoid ; Telecommunications ; Radiology Dye analysis and toxicity ; Algal biology and biofuel production ; Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Abel Brokkelkamp | Sabrya E. van Heijst | Sonia Conesa‐Boj
Source: Small Science (article, 2025-02-13)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Edge‐Localized Plasmonic Resonances in WS<sub>2</sub> Nanostructures from Electron Energy‐Loss Spectroscopy Localized plasmon resonances in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) offer a powerful means to enhance light-matter interactions at the nanoscale, making them ideal candidates for advanced optoelectronic applications. However, disentangling the complex plasmonic interactions in these materials, especially in the low-energy regime, presents significant challenges. Herein, localized plasmon resonances in chemical vapor deposition-grown tungsten disulfide (WS<sub>2</sub>) nanotriangles, using a combination of advanced spectral analysis and simulation techniques, is investigated. By combining non-negative matrix factorization with electron energy loss spectroscopy, distinct plasmonic modes to provide a comprehensive analysis of the plasmonic landscape of individual and stacked WS<sub>2</sub> nanotriangles are identified and characterized. Furthermore, the dispersion relation of these localized plasmon resonances is quantified and their evolution across different WS<sub>2</sub> triangular geometries is evaluated. Experimental characterization of plasmonic resonances in WS<sub>2</sub> through dedicated numerical simulations based on the pygdm package is validated. The findings highlight the critical role of localized plasmon resonances in modulating the electronic and optical properties of WS<sub>2</sub>, offering new insights into the design and optimization of TMD-based devices for optoelectronic and nanophotonic applications. Plasmon ; Nanophotonics ; Electron energy loss spectroscopy ; Materials science ; Spectroscopy ; Optoelectronics ; Chemical vapor deposition ; Nanotechnology ; Physics ; Transmission electron microscopy 2D Materials and Applications ; Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research