jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Yan Li | Bing Wang | Wentao Yang | Fahan Ma | Jianling Zou | Kai Li | Subei Tan | Jinwen Feng | Yunzhi Wang | Zhaoyu Qin | Zhiyu Chen | Chen Ding
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2024-02-01)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Longitudinal plasma proteome profiling reveals the diversity of biomarkers for diagnosis and cetuximab therapy response of colorectal cancer Cetuximab therapy is the major treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC), but drug resistance limits its effectiveness. Here, we perform longitudinal and deep proteomic profiling of 641 plasma samples originated from 147 CRC patients (CRCs) undergoing cetuximab therapy with multi-course treatment, and 90 healthy controls (HCs). COL12A1, THBS2, S100A8, and S100A9 are screened as potential proteins to distinguish CRCs from HCs both in plasma and tissue validation cohorts. We identify the potential biomarkers (RRAS2, MMP8, FBLN1, RPTOR, and IMPDH2) for the initial response prediction. In a longitudinal setting, we identify two clusters with distinct fluctuations and construct the model with high accuracy to predict the longitudinal response, further validated in the independent cohort. This study reveals the heterogeneity of different biomarkers for tumor diagnosis, the initial and longitudinal response prediction respectively in the first course and multi-course cetuximab treatment, may ultimately be useful in monitoring and intervention strategies for CRC. Cetuximab ; Colorectal cancer ; Oncology ; Medicine ; Internal medicine ; Cohort ; Bioinformatics ; Cancer ; Biology Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches ; Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
Authors: Julia Carrasco-Zanini | Maik Pietzner | Mine Koprulu | Eleanor Wheeler | Nicola D. Kerrison | Nicholas J. Wareham | Claudia Langenberg
Source: The Lancet Digital Health (article, 2024-06-19)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Proteomic prediction of diverse incident diseases: a machine learning-guided biomarker discovery study using data from a prospective cohort study Medical Research Council, Health Data Research UK, UK Research and Innovation-National Institute for Health and Care Research, Cancer Research UK, and Wellcome Trust. Biomarker discovery ; Biomarker ; Prospective cohort study ; Medicine ; Machine learning ; Cohort ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer science ; Oncology ; Proteomics ; Internal medicine ; Biology Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies ; Machine Learning in Bioinformatics
Authors: Hongchen Chu | Xiang Xiong | Nicholas X. Fang | Feng Wu | Runqi Jia | Ru‐Wen Peng | Mu Wang | Yun Lai
Source: Science Advances (article, 2024-03-15)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Matte surfaces with broadband transparency enabled by highly asymmetric diffusion of white light The long-standing paradox between matte appearance and transparency has deprived traditional matte materials of optical transparency. Here, we present a solution to this centuries-old optical conundrum by harnessing the potential of disordered optical metasurfaces. Through the construction of a random array of meta-atoms tailored in asymmetric backgrounds, we have created transparent matte surfaces that maintain clear transparency regardless of the strength of disordered light scattering or their matte appearances. This remarkable property originates in the achievement of highly asymmetric light diffusion, exhibiting substantial diffusion in reflection and negligible diffusion in transmission across the entire visible spectrum. By fabricating macroscopic samples of such metasurfaces through industrial lithography, we have experimentally demonstrated transparent windows camouflaged as traditional matte materials, as well as transparent displays with high clarity, full color, and one-way visibility. Our work introduces an unprecedented frontier of transparent matte materials in optics, offering unprecedented opportunities and applications. Transparency (behavior) ; Broadband ; Materials science ; Optics ; Light scattering ; Optoelectronics ; Diffusion ; Photon diffusion ; Scattering ; Nanotechnology ; Computer science ; Physics ; Light source Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Photonic Crystals and Applications ; Random lasers and scattering media
Authors: Jiarui Cui | Kenken Li | Yu Lv | Sijia Liu | Zheng-Yun Cai | Ruiming Luo | Zhongxiong Zhang | Songlei Wang
Source: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture (article, 2024-03-23)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Development of a new hyperspectral imaging technology with autoencoder-assisted generative adversarial network for predicting the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in red meat Autoencoder ; Generative grammar ; Hyperspectral imaging ; Artificial intelligence ; Polyunsaturated fatty acid ; Generative adversarial network ; Computer science ; Adversarial system ; Test set ; Generalizability theory ; Generative model ; Deep learning ; Machine learning ; Mathematics ; Biology ; Statistics ; Fatty acid ; Biochemistry Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Meat and Animal Product Quality ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
Authors: Callum A. S. Hill | Michael Altgen | Paavo A. Penttilä | Lauri Rautkari
Source: Journal of Materials Science (article, 2024-04-25)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Review: interaction of water vapour with wood and other hygro-responsive materials Abstract The purpose of this review is to report on the state-of-the-art on the interaction of moisture with natural materials and fabricated biomimetic functional materials, with an emphasis upon the hygro-responsive behaviour of wood. The primary objective is to examine how water sorption affects dimensional behaviour and how knowledge of this property in natural plant-based (mainly, but not exclusively wood) materials can be used to inform biomimetic design of moisture-responsive materials and devices. The study examines the literature on natural and bio-inspired materials, concentrating upon sorption kinetics, water migration and location of the sorbed water in the materials and their microstructure and mechanical response of the microstructure and how this affects molecular mobility of the sorbate translating to macrostructural changes. Also included within this review, it is an overview of the main experimental techniques which have been used to investigate the interaction of water with these materials at molecular length scales and how modern techniques can resolve the response of these materials at the cell wall level. Sorption ; Materials science ; Natural materials ; Microstructure ; Moisture ; Nanotechnology ; Biomimetic materials ; Biomimetics ; Composite material ; Biochemical engineering ; Polymer science ; Organic chemistry ; Adsorption ; Chemistry Advanced Cellulose Research Studies ; Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity ; Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Mohamed A. El‐Atawy | Demiana H. Hanna | Ali H. Bashal | Hoda A. Ahmed | Eida M. Alshammari | Ezzat A. Hamed | Abdullah R. Aljohani | Alaa Z. Omar
Source: Biomolecules (article, 2024-02-12)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Synthesis, Characterization, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activity against Colon Cancer Cells of Some Cinnamaldehyde-Based Chalcone Derivatives The purpose of the current investigation was to produce cinammaldehyde-based chalcone derivatives (<b>3a</b>-<b>k</b>) to evaluate their potential effectiveness as antioxidant and inhibitory agents versus human Caco-2 cancer cells. The findings obtained using the DPPH assay showed that compound <b>3e</b> had the highest effective antioxidant activity with the best IC<sub>50</sub> value compared with the other compounds. Moreover, the cytotoxic findings revealed that compound <b>3e</b> was the best compound for inhibiting Caco-2 development in contrast to all other produced derivatives, with the lowest IC<sub>50</sub> concentration (32.19 ± 3.92 µM), and it also had no detrimental effects on healthy human lung cells (wi38 cells). Exposure of Caco-2 cells with this IC<sub>50</sub> value of compound <b>3e</b> resulted in a substantial rise in the number of early and late cells that are apoptotic with a significant comet nucleus when compared with control cells employing the annexin V/PI and comet evaluations, respectively. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and ELISA examinations indicated that compound <b>3e</b> significantly altered the expression of genes and their relative proteins related to apoptosis in the treated Caco-2 cells, thus significantly inhibiting Caco-2 growth through activating Caspase-3 via an intrinsic apoptotic pathway. As a result, compound <b>3e</b> could serve as an effective therapy for human colon cancer. Chalcone ; Caco-2 ; Apoptosis ; Comet assay ; Annexin ; IC50 ; Chemistry ; Cytotoxic T cell ; DPPH ; Cancer cell ; Antioxidant ; Colorectal cancer ; Cytotoxicity ; In vitro ; DNA damage ; Biochemistry ; Molecular biology ; Cancer ; Biology ; Stereochemistry ; DNA ; Genetics Synthesis and biological activity ; Bioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents ; Computational Drug Discovery Methods
Authors: Pooja Kadyan | Manish Kumar | Aisha Tufail | Andrea Ragusa | Sudhir Kumar Kataria | Amit Dubey
Source: Materials Advances (article, 2024-12-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Microwave-assisted green synthesis of fluorescent graphene quantum dots (GQDs) using <i>Azadirachta indica</i> leaves: enhanced synergistic action of antioxidant and antimicrobial effects and unveiling computational insights Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) synthesized from Azadirachta indica leaves exhibit exceptional antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, with molecular insights highlighting their potential to address antibiotic resistance. Graphene ; Antimicrobial ; Azadirachta ; Quantum dot ; Antioxidant ; Nanotechnology ; Action (physics) ; Chemistry ; Traditional medicine ; Materials science ; Physics ; Biochemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Medicine ; Quantum mechanics Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications
Authors: Krzysztof Sztandera | J L Rodríguez-García | Valentı́n Ceña
Source: Pharmaceutics (article, 2024-03-22)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

In Vivo Applications of Dendrimers: A Step toward the Future of Nanoparticle-Mediated Therapeutics Over the last few years, the development of nanotechnology has allowed for the synthesis of many different nanostructures with controlled sizes, shapes, and chemical properties, with dendrimers being the best-characterized of them. In this review, we present a succinct view of the structure and the synthetic procedures used for dendrimer synthesis, as well as the cellular uptake mechanisms used by these nanoparticles to gain access to the cell. In addition, the manuscript reviews the reported in vivo applications of dendrimers as drug carriers for drugs used in the treatment of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, infections, and ocular diseases. The dendrimer-based formulations that have reached different phases of clinical trials, including safety and pharmacokinetic studies, or as delivery agents for therapeutic compounds are also presented. The continuous development of nanotechnology which makes it possible to produce increasingly sophisticated and complex dendrimers indicates that this fascinating family of nanoparticles has a wide potential in the pharmaceutical industry, especially for applications in drug delivery systems, and that the number of dendrimer-based compounds entering clinical trials will markedly increase during the coming years. Dendrimer ; Nanotechnology ; Drug delivery ; In vivo ; Nanoparticle ; Drug carrier ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Biology ; Biotechnology ; Organic chemistry Dendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers ; RNA Interference and Gene Delivery ; Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Authors: Patricia Izquierdo‐García | Jesús M. Fernández‐García | Nazario Martı́n
Source: Journal of the American Chemical Society (review, 2024-11-13)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Twenty Years of Graphene: From Pristine to Chemically Engineered Nano-Sized Flakes It is a celebratory moment for graphene! This year marks the 20th anniversary of the discovery of this amazing material by Geim and Novoselov. Curiously, it coincides with the century mark of graphite's layered structure discovery. Since the discovery of graphene with the promise that its outstanding properties would change the world, society often wonders where is graphene? In this context, their discoverers said in 2005, "despite the reigning optimism about graphene-based electronics, "graphenium" microprocessors are unlikely to appear for the next 20 years". Today, possibilities for graphene are endless! It can be used in electronics, photonics, fuel cells, energy storage, artificial intelligence, biomedicine, and even cultural heritage or sports. Additionally, the electronic properties of this material have been modified in fascinating ways. Bilayer graphene sheets have been found to be superconductive when twisted at a "magic angle", leading to a new and exciting field of research known as "moiré quantum materials" or "twistronics". Additionally, small graphene fragments with nanometer sizes undergo a quantum confinement effect of electrons, affording semiconductive materials with applications in optoelectronics. Organic synthesis allows the preparation of molecules with a graphene-like pattern with total control of the shape and size, exhibiting a big catalog of chiroptical and optoelectronic properties. This Perspective shows some of the fascinating milestones raised in the field of graphene-like materials from a chemical point of view, including functionalization strategies employed to chemically modify the topology and the properties of pristine graphene as well as the rising molecular graphenes. Graphene ; Chemistry ; Nano- ; Nanotechnology ; Chemical engineering Graphene research and applications ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications ; Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications
Authors: Md. Yasir Bhat | Waheed A. Adeosun | Kaitlyn Prenger | Yarjan Abdul Samad | Kin Liao | Michael Naguib | Samuel S. Mao | Ahsanulhaq Qurashi
Source: Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials (article, 2024-12-17)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Frontiers of MXenes-based hybrid materials for energy storage and conversion applications Since their breakthrough in 2011, MXenes, transition metal carbides, and/or nitrides have been studied extensively. This large family of two-dimensional materials has shown enormous potential as electrode materials for different applications including catalysis, energy storage, and conversion. MXenes are suitable for the aforementioned applications due to their high electrical conductivity, tunable surface chemistry, large surface area, layered structure, flexural property, and hydrophilicity amongst others. This article aims to cover the development of MXene/hybrid structures their computational insight, synthesis techniques, structural morphology, properties, and potential applications in energy conversion and storage devices. Several approaches have been adopted to develop MXene hybrids, such as modifying traditional MXenes by decorating surfaces, intercalating, and in-situ fabrication, to target high electrochemical performance. In addition, this review has concisely and uniquely presented recent advances in the application of MXene hybrid structures in battery design, clean hydrogen fuel generation, carbon dioxide reduction, and other relevant reactions. Finally, the latest trends and prospects of hybrid MXene materials are also summarized. MXenes ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Energy transformation ; Battery (electricity) ; Energy storage ; Fabrication ; Nitride ; Layer (electronics) ; Power (physics) MXene and MAX Phase Materials ; Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques ; Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
Authors: Neha Bisht | Jeet Vishwakarma | Shubham Jaiswal | Pradip Kumar Roy | Avanish Kumar Srivastava | Chetna Dhand | Neeraj Dwivedi
Source: Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials (article, 2024-11-28)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Synergizing chemistry: unveiling the potential of hybrid fillers for enhanced performance in shape memory polymers Shape-memory polymer ; Polymer ; Polymer science ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Filler (materials) ; Composite material ; Chemistry Polymer composites and self-healing ; Conducting polymers and applications ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
Authors: Konatham Teja Kumar Reddy | Alapati Sahithi Reddy
Source: Cellular Molecular and Biomedical Reports (article, 2024-10-07)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Recent breakthroughs in drug delivery systems for targeted cancer therapy: an overview Targeted drug delivery systems have emerged as promising approaches for improving the efficacy and safety of cancer therapy. This review highlights recent advancements in drug delivery technologies aimed at achieving targeted and personalized treatment strategies for cancer patients. The integration of nanotechnology, biomaterials, and molecular targeting strategies has enabled the development of sophisticated drug delivery systems capable of selectively delivering therapeutic agents to tumour tissues while minimizing off-target effects on healthy tissues. Various targeting mechanisms, including passive and active targeting strategies, exploit the unique physiological characteristics of tumours, such as abnormal vasculature, overexpressed receptors, and altered microenvironments, to achieve selective accumulation and retention of drugs within tumour tissues. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems, such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and inorganic nanoparticles, offer advantages in terms of drug loading capacity, sustained release, and tumour targeting, making them attractive platforms for targeted cancer therapy. Moreover, the integration of smart drug delivery systems that respond to specific stimuli within the tumor microenvironment, such as pH, temperature, or enzyme activity, holds promise for enhancing tumor specificity and reducing systemic toxicity. Combination therapy approaches, which combine targeted drug delivery with other therapeutic modalities, such as immunotherapy or photodynamic therapy, offer synergistic effects and opportunities for overcoming treatment resistance. Despite these advancements, several challenges remain, including the translation of preclinical research findings into clinically viable therapies, regulatory approval, manufacturing scalability, and biomarker discovery. Addressing these challenges and embracing innovative approaches will be essential for realizing the full potential of targeted drug delivery systems in improving patient outcomes and advancing cancer therapy. Drug delivery ; Cancer ; Medicine ; Drug ; Cancer therapy ; Cancer drugs ; Intensive care medicine ; Pharmacology ; Nanotechnology ; Internal medicine ; Materials science Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; RNA Interference and Gene Delivery ; Computational Drug Discovery Methods
Authors: Miloš Vittori
Source: Interface Focus (article, 2024-04-11)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Structural diversity of crustacean exoskeletons and its implications for biomimetics The crustacean cuticle is a biological composite material consisting of chitin-protein fibres in a mineralized matrix. Recent research has revealed a surprising range of fibre architectures and mineral compositions of crustacean skeletal structures adapted to various mechanical demands. It is becoming increasingly clear that the organic fibres in the cuticle may be organized in patterns differing from the standard twisted plywood model. Observed fibre architectures in protruding skeletal structures include longitudinal and circular parallel fibre arrays. Skeletal minerals often include calcium phosphates in addition to calcium carbonates. Furthermore, skeletal properties are affected by protein cross-linking, which replaces mineralization as a stiffening mechanism in some structures. Several common structural motifs, such as the stiffening of the outer skeletal layers, the incorporation of non-mineralized cuticle in exposed structures, and interchanging layers of parallel fibres and the twisted plywood structure, can be identified in skeletal elements with similar functions. These evolutionary solutions have the potential for biomimetic applications, particularly as manufacturing technologies advance. To make use of this potential, we need to understand the processes behind the formation of the crustacean exoskeleton and determine which features are truly adaptive and worth mimicking. Biomimetics ; Exoskeleton ; Functional diversity ; Diversity (politics) ; Computer science ; Biomimetic materials ; Data science ; Ecology ; Biology ; Nanotechnology ; Artificial intelligence ; Simulation ; Materials science ; Sociology Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition ; Cephalopods and Marine Biology
Authors: Christian Montes | Jingyuan Zhang | Trevor M. Nolan | Justin W. Walley
Source: New Phytologist (article, 2024-06-24)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Single‐cell proteomics differentiates Arabidopsis root cell types Single-cell proteomics (SCP) is an emerging approach to resolve cellular heterogeneity within complex tissues of multi-cellular organisms. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of SCP on plant samples using the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Specifically, we focused on examining isolated single cells from the cortex and endodermis, which are two adjacent root cell types derived from a common stem cell lineage. From 756 root cells, we identified 3763 proteins and 1118 proteins/cell. Ultimately, we focus on 3217 proteins quantified following stringent filtering. Of these, we identified 596 proteins whose expression is enriched in either the cortex or endodermis and are able to differentiate these closely related plant cell types. Collectivity, this study demonstrates that SCP can resolve neighboring cell types with distinct functions, thereby facilitating the identification of biomarkers and candidate proteins to enable functional genomics. Endodermis ; Arabidopsis ; Biology ; Proteomics ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Cell type ; Cell biology ; Cell ; Computational biology ; Botany ; Gene ; Genetics ; Mutant Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics ; Protist diversity and phylogeny