jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Soon Mo Choi | Do Hyun Lee | Sun Mi Zo | Ankur Sood | Sung Soo Han
Source: Gels (review, 2025-05-27)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Gel-Based Approaches to Vegan Leather: Opportunities and Challenges in Mimicking Leather Properties Recently, increased global awareness of environmental sustainability and ethical consumerism has amplified the demand for sustainable alternatives to animal-derived leather. Traditional leather manufacturing faces significant ethical and ecological challenges, including greenhouse gas emissions, excessive water consumption, deforestation, and toxic chemical usage. Vegan leather has emerged as a promising solution, predominantly fabricated from petroleum-based synthetic materials such as polyurethane (PU) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). However, these materials have sustainability limitations due to their non-biodegradability and associated environmental burdens. To overcome these issues, this review critically explores the feasibility of developing vegan leather using gel-based materials derived from natural and synthetic polymers. These materials offer precise structural controllability, excellent biodegradability, and the potential for significantly improved mechanical performance through hybridization and nanocomposite strategies. Despite their promising attributes, gel-based materials face significant limitations, including insufficient tensile strength, poor abrasion resistance, susceptibility to swelling, limited long-term stability, and challenges in scaling up for industrial production. This paper outlines the structural and physical properties required for viable leather substitutes, reviews opportunities provided by gel-based materials, addresses associated technical challenges, and proposes comprehensive strategies for enhancing mechanical properties and developing sustainable, eco-friendly production processes. Future research directions emphasize hybrid composite development, nanoparticle integration, circular manufacturing processes, and multi-disciplinary collaboration to establish gel-based vegan leather as a viable, sustainable, and market-competitive alternative to conventional animal leather. Sustainability ; Materials science ; Biochemical engineering ; Waste management ; Business ; Engineering Collagen: Extraction and Characterization ; Microplastics and Plastic Pollution ; Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity
Authors: Anjana Tripathi | Vivianne K. Ocampo‐Restrepo | Jens K. Nørskov | Georg Kastlunger
Source: RSC Sustainability (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Electrochemistry

Field effects explain the unintuitive potential response of electrochemical oxygen evolution in acid We show that the electrostatic destabilization due to the interaction of surface oxygen with the interfacial field on IrO 2 reduces Tafel slopes in acidic OER. This creates the erroneous impression of a non-electrochemical rate limiting step. Field (mathematics) ; Electrochemistry ; Oxygen ; Computer science ; Chemistry ; Mathematics ; Physical chemistry ; Pure mathematics ; Electrode Electrochemical Analysis and Applications ; Fuel Cells and Related Materials ; Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
Authors: Chih-Yang Huang | Xin-Ying Tsai | Fu‐Gow Tarntair | Anoop Kumar Singh | Shao‐Hui Hsu | Dong-Sing Wuu | Kenneth Järrendahl | Ching‐Lien Hsiao | Ray‐Hua Horng
Source: Materials Today Advances (article, 2025-02-27)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Fabrication of vertical gallium oxide PN diodes using homoepitaxial growth by MOCVD and ion implantation technology The exceptional properties of wide-bandgap semiconductor β -Ga 2 O 3 position it as a leading candidate for next-generation high-power and high-frequency electronic devices. In this work, we successfully fabricated high-performance vertical p-n junction diodes using homoepitaxial β -Ga 2 O 3 grown on Sn-doped β -Ga 2 O 3 substrates with a (010) orientation. A 600 nm thick undoped β -Ga 2 O 3 epitaxial layer was grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition at 875 °C. Phosphorus ions were implanted at energies of 40–200 keV and doses ranging from 1 × 10 13 to 1.6 × 10 14 ions/cm 2 to achieve p-type doping. The rapid thermal annealing at 1100 °C for 10 s activated the dopants, enabling p-type conductivity. Ni/Au and Ti/Al/Ni/Au ohmic contacts were deposited on the p-type β -Ga 2 O 3 epitaxial layer and n-type substrate, respectively, to form vertical p-n junctions. The fabricated diodes demonstrated a forward voltage of 1 V (@ 10 A/cm 2 ), a specific on-resistance of 1.271 mΩ cm 2 , and an impressive on/off current ratio of 1.52 × 10 7 , with an ideality factor of 1.477. The diodes showed excellent stability and robustness in temperature-dependent and pulse current density-voltage measurements This work represents a significant advance in p-type β -Ga 2 O 3 technology, demonstrating its viability for future power electronics and semiconductor devices. Metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy ; Fabrication ; Gallium oxide ; Gallium ; Materials science ; Optoelectronics ; Diode ; Ion implantation ; Oxide ; Epitaxy ; Ion ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Layer (electronics) ; Metallurgy ; Medicine Ga2O3 and related materials ; ZnO doping and properties ; Perovskite Materials and Applications
Authors: Vera Sousa | Bruno Ladeira | Élisabeth Garanger | Sébastien Lecommandoux | E. W. Meijer | Patricia Y. W. Dankers | João F. Mano | João Borges
Source: ACS Nano (review, 2025-08-15)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Merging Natural Biopolymers with Supramolecular Chemistry: Emulating the Native Extracellular Matrix’s Complexity The extracellular matrix (ECM) is one of the most striking natural self-assembled landscapes, essential for tissue integrity and cellular functions, where it orchestrates cell fate through a dynamic interplay of noncovalent interactions. Despite decades of research, there is still no scaffold that can replicate its nanostructural elegance and functional dynamic behavior. In this Perspective, we summarize cutting-edge approaches to reconstruct the ECM, putting an emphasis on either dynamic supramolecular designs or naturally sourced biopolymers. We then propose merging the natural with the synthetic world to enable hybrid cell-instructive materials that combine the dynamic mechanical profile, biomolecular composition and structural features of the ECM at all scales, from the nano- to the mesoscale, aiming to create a fully functional artificial ECM. Supramolecular chemistry ; Chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Natural (archaeology) ; Extracellular matrix ; Polymer science ; Materials science ; Molecule ; Biology ; Biochemistry ; Organic chemistry Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials ; Cellular Mechanics and Interactions ; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Abdelhak Lekbir | Saad Mekhilef | Kok Soon Tey | Abdullah Albaker
Source: Energy Materials (article, 2025-05-14)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Performance and environmental impact analysis of thermoelectric generators through material selection and geometry optimization This study evaluates the performance and environmental impact of thermoelectric generators (TEGs) by analyzing various thermoelectric materials and system geometries. A comprehensive life cycle assessment is conducted to quantify the embodied energy and carbon emissions associated with different materials. The study employs particle swarm optimization to optimize TEG geometry, aiming to enhance power output while minimizing environmental impact. The results demonstrate that material selection significantly influences both energy conversion efficiency and sustainability. Specifically, PbTe-based TEGs achieve the highest power output, whereas SiGe-based modules exhibit the highest environmental footprint. Through optimization, an 80% increase in power output is achieved for certain configurations, alongside a reduction in CO2 emissions. Key findings highlight PbTe-based TEGs as the most efficient energy converters, while Bi2Te3-based modules strike a balance between performance and sustainability. In contrast, SiGe-based TEGs have the highest environmental footprint due to their high embodied energy. Additionally, the study reveals that optimizing the number of thermocouples and leg dimensions significantly improves energy conversion efficiency and reduces carbon emissions. These findings provide valuable insights for designing next-generation TEG systems that effectively balance performance and environmental responsibility. Selection (genetic algorithm) ; Geometry ; Material selection ; Thermoelectric effect ; Materials science ; Computer science ; Environmental science ; Mathematics ; Physics ; Composite material ; Artificial intelligence ; Thermodynamics Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies ; Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
Authors: Xiaolong Yu | Xilei Bian | Chang Liu | Q Wang | Daniel Şopu | Daniel Kiener | Yifeng Li | Ge Wu | Yuan Wu | Yong Yang | Jürgen Eckert | Gang Wang
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2025-11-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Oxygen nanoclustering evades inverse Hall-Petch softening Grain refinement can drastically increase the strength of metals. However, this approach tends to become less effective or even inverses once grain sizes are reduced to very small scales, generally below 10 ~ 20 nanometers. This softening effect emerges from grain boundary instability and the limited ability of dislocations to form and move within such nanosized grains. However, grain boundary stability can be tuned by solute decoration or grain boundary relaxation. In this context, we present a strategy to achieve superior strength and plasticity in nanograined metals simultaneously. The formation of oxygen (O)-rich clusters at grain boundaries can significantly improve grain boundary stability, even at the 3 nm grain size model (CoCrNi)<sub>87</sub>O<sub>13</sub> (at.%) alloy investigated in this study. Furthermore, the presence of O-rich clusters in grain interiors promotes the accumulation and multiplication of dislocations, which facilitates strain hardening during deformation. Consequently, despite being situated in the inverse Hall-Petch regime, this (CoCrNi)<sub>87</sub>O<sub>13</sub> alloy exhibits a remarkable yield strength of ~3.6 GPa and retains a uniform plastic strain of over 50% under micropillar compression. These findings therefore provide a universal design strategy for nanograined metals aimed at utilizing O clusters to achieve the highly desired combination of high strength and large deformability. Grain boundary ; Softening ; Grain boundary strengthening ; Grain size ; Alloy ; Plasticity ; Inverse ; Hardening (computing) ; Strain hardening exponent Microstructure and mechanical properties ; Nonlocal and gradient elasticity in micro/nano structures ; Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels
Authors: Rong Cai | Yuanyuan Jiang | Haiyan Sun | F. Du | Like Zhu | Jian Tao | Long Xiao | Zhirong Wang | Hai‐Wei Shi
Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine (review, 2025-06-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Advances in Functionalized Nanoparticles for Osteoporosis Treatment Osteoporosis (OP) represents a significant global health burden, characterized by reduced bone density and an increased risk of fractures due to imbalances in bone remodeling processes. Traditional therapeutic strategies, while mitigating symptoms, often lack the precision to address the multifactorial nature of OP effectively. In recent years, functionalized nanoparticles have emerged as a versatile platform, offering enhanced drug delivery, targeted therapy, and the potential for theranostic applications in OP treatment. This review examines the various types and architectures of functionalized nanoparticles, emphasizing their unique capabilities in targeting bone tissue and modulating bone metabolism. By focusing on their roles in inflammation modulation, oxidative stress reduction, and promoting bone regeneration, we discuss the mechanisms by which these nanoparticles offer multifunctional, synergistic effects. Additionally, we address the challenges in achieving controlled drug release, biocompatibility, and effective bone tissue penetration, proposing future directions that integrate emerging nanotechnologies, biomechanics, and regenerative medicine approaches to optimize therapeutic outcomes. This comprehensive review provides a foundation for the future development of functionalized nanoparticle therapies, positioning them as promising tools for advanced, personalized OP treatment. Nanoparticle ; Osteoporosis ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Medicine ; Internal medicine Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
Authors: Lamrot Kebede Kassa | Moera Gutu Jiru | Devendra Kumar Sinha | Satyam Shivam Gautam | Anil Kumar | Akhilesh Kumar Chauhan
Source: Advances in Materials Science and Engineering (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Effect of NaOH Concentration, Fiber Length, Fiber Loading, and Filler Loading on the Mechanical Properties of Banana Fiber‐Reinforced Polyester Composites The growing demand for eco‐friendly, lightweight, and high‐performance materials has driven the development of natural fiber‐reinforced polymer composites for use in construction, manufacturing, and automotive applications. However, identifying the optimal fabrication parameters for these composites remains a significant challenge. In this study, polyester‐based composites were fabricated using a simple hand lay‐up method, reinforced with banana fibers and nano alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) powder. Banana fibers of random orientation were used in three lengths (10 mm, 15 mm, and 20 mm) and treated with NaOH solutions at concentrations of 0%, 2.5%, and 5%. A total of nine composite samples were produced by varying the weight percentages of banana fiber (10%, 15%, and 20%) and nano alumina (2 wt%, 4 wt%, and 6 wt%). Gray relational analysis (GRA) was employed to optimize the influence of fiber length, NaOH treatment, fiber content, and filler content on mechanical properties. The optimized composite achieved a tensile strength of 61.7 MPa, a flexural strength of 108.47 MPa, and an impact strength of 19 J at 15 wt% fiber content, 2 wt% nano alumina, 15 mm fiber length, and 5% alkali treatment. The maximum hardness value of 164 HV was recorded for a composite with 20 mm untreated fiber, 15 wt% fiber loading, and 4 wt% nano alumina. The lowest water absorption rate (2.97%) was observed with 10 wt% fiber loading, 6 wt% nano alumina, 20 mm fiber length, and 5% NaOH treatment. These findings contribute to the development of sustainable composite materials, with potential applications in the automotive and aerospace industries. Materials science ; Composite material ; Fiber ; Polyester ; Filler (materials) ; Natural fiber Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Advanced Cellulose Research Studies ; Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging
Authors: Meng Chen
Source: Polymers (review, 2025-10-20)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Electrospinning PLLA/PCL Blend Fibre-Based Materials and Their Biomedical Application: A Mini Review Fibres play a crucial role in diverse biomedical applications, ranging from tissue engineering to drug delivery. Electrospinning has emerged as a simple and versatile technique for producing ultrafine fibres at micro- to nanoscale dimensions. Synthetic biopolymers are effective cues to replace damaged tissue in the biomedical field, both in vitro and in vivo applications. Among them, poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) is a renewable, environmentally friendly biopolymer material. Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a synthetic polymer with good biocompatibility and biodegradation characteristics. However, both electrospun PLLA and PCL fibres have their limitations. To overcome these shortcomings, electrospinning PLLA/PCL blend fibres has been the subject of many studies. This review discusses the different parameters for the electrospinning of PLLA/PCL-based fibres for biomedical applications. Furthermore, we also discuss how electrospun PLLA/PCL-based scaffolds can be modified or combined with other biomaterials, such as natural polymers and bioceramics, and examine their in vitro and in vivo applications in various tissue repair strategies. Electrospinning ; Biocompatibility ; Polycaprolactone ; Biopolymer ; Tissue engineering ; Polymer ; Nanofiber ; Biodegradation Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Gage T. Mason | Chloé Lisowski | Piumi Kulatunga | Tiago Carneiro Gomes | Angela Awada | Y. F. Hsu | Yu‐Cheng Chiu | Simon Rondeau‐Gagné
Source: Materials Advances (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Side-chain engineering of semiconducting polymers with poly(benzyl ether) dendrons: impact on electronic and mechanical properties We developed DPP-based polymers with dendronized side chains that significantly impact crystallinity, Young's modulus, glass transition, and charge transport, offering new opportunities for organic electronics. Polymer ; Chain (unit) ; Materials science ; Polymer chemistry ; Side chain ; Polymer science ; Composite material ; Physics Conducting polymers and applications ; Dendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers ; Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics
Authors: Mariana Almeida | Helena Vieira
Source: Marine Drugs (review, 2025-08-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Marine-Derived Collagen and Chitosan: Perspectives on Applications Using the Lens of UN SDGs and Blue Bioeconomy Strategies Marine biomass, particularly from waste streams, by-products, underutilized, invasive, or potential cultivable marine species, offers a sustainable source of high-value biopolymers such as collagen and chitin. These macromolecules have gained significant attention due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, functional versatility, and broad applicability across health, food, wellness, and environmental fields. This review highlights recent advances in the uses of marine-derived collagen and chitin/chitosan. In alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), we analyze how these applications contribute to sustainability, particularly in SDGs related to responsible consumption and production, good health and well-being, and life below water. Furthermore, we contextualize the advancement of product development using marine collagen and chitin/chitosan within the European Union's Blue bioeconomy strategies, highlighting trends in scientific research and technological innovation through bibliometric and patent data. Finally, the review addresses challenges facing the development of robust value chains for these marine biopolymers, including collaboration, regulatory hurdles, supply-chain constraints, policy and financial support, education and training, and the need for integrated marine resource management. The paper concludes with recommendations for fostering innovation and sustainability in the valorization of these marine resources. Sustainability ; Marine conservation ; European union ; Sustainable development ; Business ; Chitin ; Chitosan ; Biotechnology ; Nanotechnology ; Environmental resource management ; Engineering ; Environmental science ; Biology ; Ecology Collagen: Extraction and Characterization ; Microplastics and Plastic Pollution ; Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
Authors: Sapam Riches Singh | Santosh Mallikarjun Bhavi | Bothe Thokchom | Megha B. Abbigeri | Akshata Choudhari Padti | Akshata Yadawad | B. P. Harini | Chandramohan Govindasamy | Khalid M. Almutairi | Ramesh Babu Yarajarla
Source: Discover Applied Sciences (article, 2025-05-20)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

An evaluation of carbon dots derived from Amaranthus tricolor (L.) leaves for their physicochemical, photoluminescent, and biomedical properties Abstract This study explores the synthesis, characterization, and bio-functional potential of carbon dots (CDs) derived from Amaranthus tricolor (AT-CDs). Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds while quantitative assays revealed a TPC of 157.2 ± 8 mg TAE/g extract and TFC of 457.4 ± 38 mg quercetin/g extract. AT-CDs exhibited a characteristic UV–Vis absorption peak at 317 nm, with fluorescence spectra showing excitation-dependent emission. FTIR analysis identified presence of key functional groups like –OH, –C = O, and –CN, corroborating the bioactive surface chemistry. DLS indicated a Z-average particle size of 214.4 nm, while zeta potential measurements (67.7 mV) confirmed high colloidal stability. TEM analysis revealed a uniform size distribution with a mean particle size of 3.2 ± 0.02 nm. Antioxidant assays demonstrated IC 50 values of 67.36 µg mL −1 for DPPH and 360.65 µg mL −1 for H 2 O 2 scavenging, reflecting concentration-dependent radical neutralization. Coagulation assays showed a significant prolongation of prothrombin time (55 s) and activated partial thromboplastin time (58 s) at 200 µg mL −1 , highlighting anticoagulant potential. These findings suggest that AT-CDs, with their multifunctional properties and bioactivity, are promising candidates for biomedical applications, particularly in oxidative stress management, drug delivery, and haemostasis modulation. Graphical abstract Carbon fibers ; Materials science ; Photoluminescence ; Nanotechnology ; Optoelectronics ; Composite material Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications ; Selenium in Biological Systems ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
Authors: Kimia Moghaddari | Lars Schumacher | Rainer Pöttgen | Guido Kickelbick
Source: Nanoscale Advances (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Optimizing superparamagnetic ferrite nanoparticles: microwave-assisted <i>vs.</i> thermal decomposition synthesis methods Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are of crucial importance for various applications in medicine and biology as well as in materials science, where properties such as magnetism and inductive heating are advantageous. In this study, we systematically compare the synthesis methods for ferrite nanoparticles with those of pure iron oxide, focusing on their final properties. We synthesized superparamagnetic substituted ferrite nanoparticles with an average diameter of 5 to 8 nm with the general formula of M <sub><i>x</i></sub> Fe<sub>3-<i>x</i></sub> O<sub>4</sub> (M = Fe<sup>2+</sup>, Mn<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup>) using both conventional thermal decomposition (TD) method and microwave-assisted (MW) methods. Although the manganese-substituted particles obtained through both methods exhibited a narrow size distribution and high surface coverage with oleic acid, they demonstrated lower heating efficiency in an induction field compared to the cobalt-substituted particles. In particular, the replacement of Fe<sup>2+</sup> ions with Co<sup>2+</sup> ions significantly improved the self-heating ability and increased the specific absorption rate (SAR) from 22.7 for Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> to 106.3 W g<sub>NP</sub> <sup>-1</sup> for Co<sub>0.88</sub>Fe<sub>2.12</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles. In addition, the concentration of 1,2-dodecanediol in the reaction mixture significantly influenced the shape and size distribution of the particles. Microwave-assisted synthesis resulted in higher incorporation of M<sup>2+</sup> ions, as confirmed by ICP-MS and EDX spectroscopy, and more uniform particle sizes due to homogeneous nucleation. By optimizing the microwave method, we were able to produce small size superparamagnetic particles with high saturation magnetization (89.2 emu g<sup>-1</sup> at 300 K), capable of generating more heat in the magnetic field, making these particles suitable candidates for induction heating in materials. Superparamagnetism ; Ferrite (magnet) ; Thermal decomposition ; Materials science ; Microwave ; Nanoparticle ; Nanotechnology ; Computer science ; Composite material ; Chemistry ; Magnetization ; Telecommunications ; Physics ; Magnetic field ; Organic chemistry Magnetic Properties and Synthesis of Ferrites ; Iron oxide chemistry and applications ; Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery