jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: SWATI RAVINDRA BORSE | SUNITA S. DEORE
Source: International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics (article, 2026-01-07)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

SYNTHESIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF SOLANUM TORVUM EXTRACT-LOADED MESOPOROUS SILICA NANOPARTICLES Objective: To develop and optimize Solanum torvum extract-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) targeting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli with enhanced physicochemical properties and stability for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) applications. Methods: Mesoporous silica nanoparticles were synthesized using a modified Stöber method. The formulation was optimized using Box-Behnken design with three critical factors: CTAB amount (0.25-1.00 g), TEOS volume (5.00-10.00 ml), and stirring speed (400-600 rpm), targeting minimal particle size and most negative zeta potential. The optimized formulation was characterized for particle size, zeta potential, loading efficiency, morphology (SEM), drug-excipient compatibility (FTIR, DSC), in vitro release profile, and accelerated stability. Results: The 2FI model demonstrated excellent predictive capability for both responses (adjusted R²=0.8640 and 0.9508 for particle size and zeta potential, respectively). Formulation SF6 (CTAB: 1g, TEOS: 7.5 ml, stirring speed: 400rpm) was identified as optimum, exhibiting spherical morphology with particle size of 110.8±2.5 nm, PDI of 0.182±0.011, zeta potential of-32.3±0.7 mV, and loading efficiency of 89.1±0.45%. The formulation showed biphasic sustained release (92.1% over 12 h) and demonstrated moderate stability under accelerated conditions with gradual parameter changes (40 °C/75%RH) for 6 mo with minimal changes in critical parameters (5% increase in particle size, 4.2% decrease in drug content) and exhibited potent antimicrobial activity with MIC values of 8 μg/ml (MRSA) and 16 μg/ml (MDR E. coli). Conclusion: The optimized Solanum torvum extract-loaded MSNs offer a promising nanodelivery system with enhanced stability and sustained release characteristics that could potentially improve bioavailability, reduce dosing frequency, and enhance patient compliance in clinical settings. The formulation's moderate stability profile, while improved compared to free extract, requires further optimization to address storage-related degradation in phytopharmaceutical development, positioning it for future translational studies toward clinical applications. Zeta potential ; Particle size ; Mesoporous silica ; Nanoparticle ; Mesoporous material ; Particle (ecology) Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis ; Advanced Drug Delivery Systems ; Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
Authors: Qiuyi Zhang | Dacheng Xia | Chenxu Sheng | Chunxiao Cong | Zhi‐Jun Qiu | Hu Laigui | Ran Liu
Source: Advanced Optical Materials (article, 2026-01-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Programmable Multicolor AIE Micro‐Patterns via Laser‐Induced Phase Transition ABSTRACT Multifunctional microarrays are essential in color displays, optical anti‐counterfeiting, and integrated optoelectronics. However, fabricating organic multifunctional microarrays typically involves complex processes. Conventional techniques such as photolithography, inkjet printing, microdroplet transfer printing, and microfluidics face challenges such as material damage, low throughput, and cross‐contamination, especially for processing organic materials. In this work, we propose a selective photothermal annealing strategy to fabricate multicolor microarrays using aggregation‐induced emission phase‐change materials (AIE‐PCMs). Multicolor micropatterns can be directly written by using a laser beam via photothermal‐induced phase transition. Utilizing this technique, well‐defined red and green fluorescent patterns without cross‐contamination are developed. Furthermore, this approach is applied to fabricate dual‐color anti‐counterfeiting patterns embedded with encrypted information, demonstrating its promising application in anti‐counterfeiting tags, encryption patterns, multi‐color displays, and optical data storage. Microfluidics ; Photothermal therapy ; Laser ; Laser beams ; Fluorescence ; Encryption ; Biosensor ; Materials processing Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials ; Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization ; Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry
Authors: Marco Polo Munguia Martín | D. Sánchez-Campos | Jesús Arenas-Alatorre | I.G. Meza-Pardo | D. Mendoza-Anaya | Angélica Jiménez-González | Ventura Rodríguez-Lugo
Source: Arabian Journal of Chemistry (article, 2026-02-24)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Modulation of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> antibacterial activity based on silver concentration in ZnO/Ag system The use and development of green synthesis methods have emerged as a sustainable strategy for producing nanomaterials. These involve using plant extracts as natural reducing and stabilizing agents. In this study, an antibacterial investigation was conducted on zinc oxide (ZnO) and zinc oxide/silver (ZnO/Ag) nanostructures at various silver (Ag) concentrations (0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 8 wt%), synthesized using an infusion of Origanum vulgare combined with the solid-state method at 500°C. The synthesized products were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), identifying the hexagonal wurtzite phase (ZnO) with a preferential orientation on the [101] direction and a crystallite size of 30.63 nm, and the corresponding Ag phase with a preferential orientation in [111] direction, which exhibited an increase in crystallite size from 29.66 to 72.26 nm depending on the Ag concentration. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of functional groups from the extract in the initial samples and their elimination after thermal treatment. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that the synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) are mostly spherical and semi-spherical, with uniform sizes ranging from 19 to 26 nm, depending on the Ag concentration. High-resolution TEM (HRTEM) and fast fourier transform (FFT) allowed for the identification of interplanar distances and crystal planes, confirming the crystalline nature and growth direction of the samples. Finally, the nanomaterials were subjected to antibacterial tests against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . The results showed that the samples containing 2% and 3 wt% Ag exhibited the optimal antibacterial activity against S. aureus. In contrast, the inhibition observed against E. coli was lower and more variable, suggesting that the antibacterial performance is bacterium-dependent, likely due to structural differences in their cell walls. Crystallite ; Antibacterial activity ; Wurtzite crystal structure ; Transmission electron microscopy ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Zinc ; Nanomaterials ; Nanoparticle ; Silver nanoparticle Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications ; ZnO doping and properties
Authors: Ana Catarina Silva | Mariana P. Barreiros | Tiago Azevedo | Duarte Rodrigues Brás | Marta A. Teixeira | Raúl Fangueiro | Diana P. Ferreira
Source: Textiles (article, 2026-03-05)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Fibre-to-Fibre Recycling in Textiles: Strategies, Limitations and Industrial Perspectives Textile-to-textile recycling is increasingly recognised as essential to reduce the environmental footprint of the textile sector, yet fibre-to-fibre routes remain constrained by complex composition of fibre blends, chemical finishes and the degradation of fibre quality during repeated processing. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recycling strategies for major textile fibres, cotton, polyester, viscose, polyamide, and wool, from a fibre-level perspective, highlighting the relationships between fibre chemistry, structure, and recyclability. Mechanical, chemical, and biological recycling routes are analysed with a particular focus on fibre integrity, yarn and fabric performance, and their suitability for industrial textile applications rather than solely on waste management aspects. The review also examines industrial initiatives and emerging technologies driving the transition towards circular textile systems, critically identifying key barriers such as feedstock heterogeneity, fibre blending, and downcycling. Building on existing review articles on textile recycling, this work synthesises current knowledge on fibre-to-fibre routes, compares different process options in terms of recycled-fibre quality and scalability, and highlights remaining technological and implementation gaps. To advance textile circularity, integrated recycling frameworks are proposed that align material design, process optimisation, and policy instruments. This work contributes a cross-disciplinary understanding of how fibre-level innovation can enable resource-efficient, closed-loop textile production, offering a roadmap for future sustainable materials engineering in industrial textile systems. Textile ; Process (computing) ; Work (physics) ; Raw material ; Quality (philosophy) ; Ecological footprint ; Textile industry ; Sustainability Textile materials and evaluations ; Dyeing and Modifying Textile Fibers ; Fiber-reinforced polymer composites
Authors: E. F. Sheka
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2026-02-06)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

The Virtual World of Free-Radical Polymerization The review presents the first attempt to build the virtual world of free-radical polymerization of vinyl monomers itself and in the presence of small additives of stable radicals in due course of extended virtual experiment. Chain-reaction essence of the chemical process; quantum-chemical concept of elementary reactions; spin theory of radicals; and digital-twin of their presentation lay the foundation of the world formed, which opens a new vision of the role of IT technologies for the virtualization of various chemical processes Polymerization ; Virtual world ; Virtualization ; Monomer ; Presentation (obstetrics) ; Foundation (evidence) Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization ; Polymer Science and PVC ; Photopolymerization techniques and applications
Authors: Adna Hrapović | Nadia Islam | Asmaa Al Bourghli | Abas Sezer | Boris Kovalenko | Haris Lokvančić | Muhamed Adilović | Jasmin Šutković | Altijana Hromić-Jahjefendić | Vladimir N. Uversky
Source: PeerJ (article, 2026-03-19)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Biomaterials in personalized drug delivery: innovations, challenges, and future directions The growing global demand for effective and safe therapeutics has accelerated advances in biomaterials for drug delivery applications. Biomaterials, including polymers, metals, ceramics, and composites, play a central role in modern medical devices and therapeutic systems by enabling controlled interactions with biological environments. Initially defined as inert materials interfacing with biological systems, biomaterials are now rationally engineered to treat, replace, or evaluate tissue and organ functions. Recent progress in regenerative medicine, nanotechnology, and precision healthcare has expanded their use in drug delivery, where tunable physicochemical properties-such as degradation kinetics, surface chemistry, and mechanical stability-allow controlled release, protection of labile therapeutics, and enhanced accumulation at target sites. Polymer-based biomaterials enable sustained drug release through diffusion-controlled, degradation-mediated, or stimulus-responsive mechanisms, thereby extending therapeutic exposure and reducing systemic dosing frequency compared with conventional formulations. Nanostructured carriers, including liposomes, micelles, and dendrimers, further enhance drug delivery by improving solubility, cellular uptake, and site-specific targeting <i>via</i> size control, surface functionalization, and ligand-mediated interactions. Despite these advances, clinical translation remains limited by challenges related to immune-biomaterial interactions, batch-to-batch variability, long-term biodegradation behavior, and the scalability of manufacturing under regulatory constraints. Future biomaterial development must therefore emphasize precision fabrication, good manufacturing practice-compatible production, and biologically informed design strategies that account for patient-specific variability. This review provides a focused overview of biomaterial-based drug delivery systems, summarizes recent technological advances, and critically discusses mechanistic and translational challenges, including immune compatibility, degradation control, and regulatory compliance, with particular emphasis on their implications for personalized drug delivery. Drug delivery ; Drug ; Biocompatible material ; Targeted drug delivery ; Drug development ; Interfacing ; Personalized medicine ; Precision medicine Dendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications ; Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
Authors: Sonja Mavri | Alen Albreht | Mitja Križman
Source: Talanta (article, 2026-03-18)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Conical columns for liquid chromatography: A narrative review of design principles, performance benefits and renewed opportunities enabled by contemporary technologies The geometry of a chromatographic column plays a central role in determining separation efficiency, speed, and practical usability. Although cylindrical columns dominate modern chromatography, alternative geometries have been proposed to address specific limitations of uniform-diameter designs. Among these, conical columns, characterised by a continuously changing internal diameter, offer a fundamentally different flow environment that directly influences solute transport and band dispersion. This article reviews the development of conical chromatographic columns and discusses the theoretical considerations required to describe separations in systems where mobile-phase velocity varies along the column axis. Experimental evidence indicates that conical columns are generally disadvantaged under simple isocratic conditions, but can provide tangible benefits in gradient elution and preparative-scale applications. Representative case examples demonstrate improved solute focusing, reduced peak tailing, higher sample loadability, and reduced consumption of stationary phase and solvents. The limited adoption of conical columns is discussed in the context of theoretical complexity and historical manufacturing constraints. Recent advances in additive manufacturing and digital design are identified as key factors that enable a revisit to non-cylindrical and hybrid column geometries, opening new possibilities for cost-efficient, high-load chromatographic separations. Narrative review ; Conical surface ; Narrative ; Emerging technologies Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Chromatography in Natural Products ; Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications
Authors: Yuwen Xu | Danni Hong | Liangjun Liu | Wenfei Wang | Minghua Jiang | Haibing Yang | Tingxin Chen | Kun Jia
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2026-03-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Optimization of Processing Parameters and Application Performance Evaluation of a High Thermal Conductivity, Low Thermal Resistance Gel Thermal interface materials (TIMs) are essential for addressing heat dissipation challenges in high-performance electronic devices. Among various TIMs, thermal conductive gels exhibit significant potential in high heat flux applications due to their excellent flexibility and superior gap-filling capability. Current research primarily concentrates on the fabrication and performance characterization of novel thermal conductive gels, while comparatively little attention has been devoted to the optimization of processing parameters. Furthermore, existing characterization methods often fail to accurately replicate real-world operating conditions, resulting in discrepancies between laboratory measurements and actual performance. An orthogonal experimental design was adopted to systematically elucidate the influence of filler ratio, wetting time, and silicone oil viscosity on the bonding strength of thermal conductive gels. The filler ratio exerts the most significant influence, followed by silicone oil viscosity and wetting time. Subsequently, the thermal conductivity and thermal resistance of both commercial thermal conductive gels and the as-prepared gels were characterized using the steady-state heat flow method and the double-interface method, respectively. The prepared thermal conductive gel exhibits a thermal conductivity of 3.75 W·m−1·K−1 and a service thermal resistance of 0.611 ℃·W−1, outperforming commercial counterparts and demonstrating promising application potential. This study provides a practical reference for the development and engineering application of high thermal conductivity, low thermal resistance thermal conductive gels. Thermal conductivity ; Thermal resistance ; Thermal grease ; Electrical conductor ; Thermal ; Wetting ; Viscosity ; Silicone Thermal properties of materials ; Aerogels and thermal insulation ; Heat Transfer and Boiling Studies
Authors: Keiji Numata
Source: Proceedings of the Japan Academy Series B (article, 2026-01-08)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Spider silk-based structural proteins as tough, biodegradable, and sustainable polymers Spider silk has garnered significant attention across diverse research fields because of its remarkable physical and biological properties, which have driven extensive efforts to develop materials and fabrication processes that replicate its unique characteristics. This review focuses on the structure of silk fibers and the mechanisms that underlie their formation, with an emphasis on the hierarchical organization that contributes to their outstanding performance. Additionally, the biodegradability of silk proteins and their degradation products are discussed, and their potential for sustainable material design are highlighted. Spider silk ; SILK ; Spider ; Biomimetic materials ; Biodegradation Silk-based biomaterials and applications ; Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Dyeing and Modifying Textile Fibers
Authors: Emmanuel O. Atofarati | Luke O. Ajuka | Christopher C. Enweremadu
Source: Journal of Nanoparticle Research (article, 2026-03-24)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Life cycle assessment of nanomaterials and laboratory consumables: toward safer and sustainable nanotechnology Abstract The increasing integration of nanoparticles into laboratory studies and consumables, such as filters, pipette tips, test kits, and coatings, has raised critical concerns about their environmental sustainability, occupational safety, and end-of-life disposal. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the life cycle impacts of nanoparticle-based laboratory products, covering stages from synthesis and in-lab use to waste generation and disposal. Drawing upon ISO 14040/44 life cycle assessment (LCA) frameworks, we highlight methodological challenges in evaluating nano-enabled systems, including data gaps, toxicity uncertainties, boundary selection, and the influence of intrinsic nanoparticle properties (e.g., size, shape, and surface coating) on fate and impact modeling. We assess the environmental burden of nanoparticle synthesis methods, energy inputs, and hazardous byproducts, and explore their property-dependent transformation in laboratory waste streams. Comparative LCA analyses of nano-enabled versus conventional lab consumables reveal performance trade-offs with substantial implications for environmental policy and green lab practices. Furthermore, this review situates LCA within the emerging Safe and Sustainable by Design (SSbD) framework, emphasizing its role in guiding early-stage material innovation, risk prevention, and circularity strategies for nanotechnology. The review also evaluates regulatory responses and proposes safety and circular economy recommendations tailored for laboratories, manufacturers, and policymakers. By connecting LCA with nanowaste management, physicochemical risk factors, and SSbD-guided sustainability principles, this work establishes a foundational platform for safer, more sustainable adoption of nanomaterials in research environments. These findings are particularly relevant as nano-enabled products proliferate across biomedical, energy, environmental, and analytical laboratory domains. Graphical Abstract Life-cycle assessment ; Hazardous waste ; Sustainability ; SAFER ; Environmental impact assessment ; Impact of nanotechnology ; Consumables ; Work (physics) ; Sustainable energy Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ; Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
Authors: Xince Wang | Sheldon Q. Shi
Source: Frontiers in Chemistry (article, 2026-02-18)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Boron-based fire retardancy for natural polymeric materials The shift from fossil resources to natural polymers as the building blocks of a global bioeconomy is hampered by the intrinsic flammability of these bio-derived materials. In this paper, the recent advances in boron-based fire retardancy of natural materials are reviewed, highlighting the transition from macro-scale salt impregnation to molecular-level engineering of boron chemistry. Boron compounds act as a dual Lewis acid catalyst for dehydration and subsequent char formation, and as a glassy physical barrier to slow down the release of fuel and the diffusion of oxygen. The boron chemistry in the context of the physical constraints dictated by the natural material is analyzed. In solid wood and bamboo, the challenge is to use <i>in situ</i> mineralization and covalent grafting to overcome water solubility and leaching. In engineered wood composites and bio-based adhesives, boron moves from a passive additive to a structural element in the form of borate ester crosslinks. In flexible textiles, boron forms sol-gel architectures and synergistic combinations with phosphorus and nitrogen to achieve wash durability. Boron plays a crucial role in stabilizing high porosity nanocellulose aerogels and foams. The key challenges are identified to fulfil the potential of boron chemistry as a safe and sustainable approach for high performance natural materials. Boron ; Flammability ; Polymer ; Boron nitride ; Porosity ; Context (archaeology) ; Char Flame retardant materials and properties ; Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects ; Advanced Cellulose Research Studies