jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: G. Velmurugan | Jasgurpreet Singh Chohan | Ramya Maranan | Prabhu Paramasivam | N. Manikandan | P. Thejasree | S. Lakshmi Narayana | Bamidele Charles Olaiya | Mukesh Kumar
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2026-02-04)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Experimental investigation and optimization of mechanical and tribological performances of bio-based sustainable hybrid composites incorporating Nano-SiO₂ fillers The focus of this study is on the development and performance evaluation of sustainable Curauá/Areca hybrid fibre composites reinforced with epoxy and treated with alkali (NaOH) and nano-SiO₂. This work aims to enhance the mechanical and tribological efficiency of natural fibre composites through surface modification and nanoparticle incorporation, addressing the need for eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic composites. Optimization of the Curauá:Areca fibre ratio, NaOH treatment duration, nano-SiO₂ content, and applied load (for wear) was carried out using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for the mechanical and tribological processing parameters. Tensile and flexural strengths improved with higher Curauá fraction, while Areca-rich laminates displayed greater impact toughness. NaOH treatment increased fibre-matrix adhesion and was responsible for higher strength, less fibre pull-out, and reduced matrix porosity. Performance improved notably with nano-SiO₂ at intermediate loadings (~ 3-4 wt%), but decreased at higher loadings due to agglomeration. Tribological properties were best at 67% Curauá, 24 h NaOH treatment, ~ 3.75 wt% SiO₂, and 10 N load, with reduced wear rate and coefficient of friction attributed to the improved Curauá content, NaOH treatment, and optimum nano-SiO₂ dispersion. SEM analysis confirmed the results, illustrating enhanced fibre-matrix bonding, reduced fibre pull-out, and smoother wear surfaces in the treated, Curauá-rich composites. Under optimized conditions, RSM predictions were consistent with the experimental findings: tensile strength of 61.2 MPa, flexural strength of 76.3 MPa, impact strength of 20.2 kJ/m², minimum wear rate of 0.0011 mm<sup>3</sup>/Nm, and a coefficient of friction of 0.27. The novelty of this study lies in integrating alkali treatment and nano-SiO₂ reinforcement in Curauá/Areca hybrid composites to achieve superior strength and wear resistance, demonstrating a sustainable route for high-performing bio-composites. Tribology ; Flexural strength ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Response surface methodology ; Surface modification ; Epoxy ; Izod impact strength test ; Composite number Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties ; Tribology and Wear Analysis
Authors: Z. Li | Heng Zhang | He Gao | J. G. LIU | Yoshimichi Ohki | George Chen | Shengtao Li
Source: High Voltage (article, 2026-01-28)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Surface Flashover in 50 Years: III. Extreme Environments and Industrial Challenges ABSTRACT Modern high‐voltage electrical equipment operates in complex environments where surface conditions are subjected to multifaceted influences from electric fields, thermal gradients, contaminants, irradiation and other extreme environmental factors. Under high‐voltage conditions, surface flashovers frequently initiate at the gas–solid interface of insulators, jeopardising the operational reliability of industrial systems. To address flashover challenges in practical electrical equipment, this review systematically analyses the impact of environmental variables—including gaseous media, voltage waveforms, contaminants and high‐energy irradiation—on surface flashover characteristics. Subsequently, we comprehensively synthesise the mechanisms, contributing factors, suppression techniques and enhancement strategies for surface flashover in four critical equipment categories prone to this phenomenon: high pulsed power systems, spacecraft operating in vacuum environments, gas‐insulated switchgear/transmission lines (GIS/GIL) and outdoor insulators. The environmental dependencies of flashover behaviour in these systems are rigorously examined. Furthermore, to advance flashover prevention in next‐generation industrial applications, this study identifies 25 fundamental scientific questions and 25 technical questions to guide future research directions. By establishing an integrated theoretical framework and methodological foundation for engineering‐oriented flashover studies, this work provides actionable insights and mitigation approaches to enhance the surface insulation of modern industrial infrastructure. Arc flash ; Reliability (semiconductor) ; Work (physics) ; Spacecraft ; Electric power system ; Electric power High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation ; Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena
Authors: Duc Tung Vu | Georg Wallmann | Marvin Thielert | Enes Ugur | Marc Oeller | Maximilian Zwiebel | Constantin Ammar | Matthias Mann
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (article, 2026-01-08)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Deep Learning-Driven Fragment Ion Selection for Improved Quantification in MS based Proteomics Abstract Quantitative proteomics relies on accurate selection of fragment ions for quantification, yet most current algorithms apply simple strategies such as median intensity or single quality filters. Modern data-independent acquisition (DIA) searches generate rich features such as fragment ion correlations, retention time and many others that could be leveraged to assess fragment quality. We introduce QuantSelect, a novel strategy to select optimal fragments by systematically integrating these features via self-supervised deep learning. QuantSelect uses a regularized, weighted-variance loss on intensity traces normalized via our directLFQ algorithm. This allows learning a fragment quality score without ground truth labels, enabling on-the-fly training on label-free DIA datasets. Integrated within our alphaDIA pipeline, QuantSelect significantly improves quantitative accuracy and in some cases substantially corrects protein intensity estimation. Sensitivity in differential expression improved by 68% in a mixed-species benchmarking dataset and by 18% in single-cell data. QuantSelect provides a practical framework for data-driven fragment selection that improves accuracy, precision and downstream inference in DIA proteomics. Fragment (logic) ; Selection (genetic algorithm) ; Proteomics ; Label-free quantification ; Inference ; Quantitative proteomics ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Benchmarking Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
Authors: Farshad Afshari | Daniel García-Pozuelo
Source: Sustainability (article, 2026-01-24)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Sustainable Manufacturing of a Modular Tire with Removable Tread: Prototype Realization of the ECOTIRE System This study presents the development and first manufacturing realization of the ECOTIRE concept, a modular and sustainable tire system featuring a removable tread mechanically interlocked with a reusable casing. The concept aims to reduce rubber waste and improve recyclability by eliminating adhesive bonding and enabling tread replacement. Building on previous experimental and numerical studies that validated the interlocking performance, this work focuses on producing a scaled prototype using a low-cost molding process, which can serve as the basis for accessible and sustainable manufacturing. VMQ silicone rubber was selected as an eco-friendly material due to its durability, thermal stability, and processing versatility. A custom two-part aluminum mold was designed to replicate the optimized interlocking geometry, enabling accurate casting, curing, and assembly. The resulting prototype achieved precise fit, dimensional uniformity, and easy disassembly, confirming the manufacturing feasibility of the ECOTIRE concept and demonstrating its potential to support circular economy strategies through reduced material waste and extended tire component lifetimes. Interlocking ; Tread ; Modular design ; Realization (probability) ; Molding (decorative) ; Silicone rubber ; Component (thermodynamics) ; Natural rubber ; Work (physics) Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties ; Engineering and Materials Science Studies ; Polymer Science and PVC
Authors: Eli Jorge da Cruz | Francisco M. F. A. Varasquim | Fábio Oliveira Carvalho | Luiz F. F. Santiago | Bruno Fernando Gianelli | Vicente Afonso Ventrella | Mirko Pigato | I. Calliari
Source: Applied Sciences (article, 2026-02-03)
Field: Materials Science — Metals and Alloys

Hot-Wire Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Cladding of Super Austenitic Stainless Steel on Low Carbon Steel Arc welding techniques for applying austenitic stainless steel cladding to low-carbon steels are common. Cladding enhances surface properties, increases corrosion resistance, improves product performance, extends service life, and reduces maintenance costs associated with surface corrosion. The hot-wire gas tungsten arc welding (HW-GTAW) method offers several benefits, making it appealing for cladding applications. This research investigates the use of HW-GTAW to clad low-carbon steels with super-austenitic stainless steel, examining macro and microstructures, mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and wear performance. Two conditions were tested: one without a hot-wire, called CW-GTAW (cold-wire), and one with a hot-wire, called HW-GTAW. The HW-GTAW process reduced the dilution rate, thereby benefiting cladding. Microstructural analysis showed that both conditions exhibited elongated columnar dendrites in the heat-affected zone and a shallow region of equiaxed dendrites near the surface. The HW-CL condition displayed slight improvements in corrosion and wear resistance, but both samples outperformed the uncoated base material. These findings support the expanded application of super austenitic stainless steels and HW-GTAW in cladding processes. Cladding (metalworking) ; Austenitic stainless steel ; Gas tungsten arc welding ; Equiaxed crystals ; Welding ; Shielding gas ; Tungsten ; Austenite Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals ; Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses ; High Entropy Alloys Studies
Authors: Xin-jian Dai | Xin Wang | Ji-hang Hu | Pan Jiang | Xiao-qing Wang
Source: Nano-Micro Letters (article, 2026-01-05)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Highly Elastic and Conductive Lamellar Wood Sponge via Cell Wall Reconfiguration Toward Smart Multifunctional Applications Three-dimensional porous foams and aerogels with high compressibility and elasticity hold great promise for applications in pressure sensing, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and thermal insulation. However, their widespread application is often hindered by compromised structural stability and inadequate fatigue resistance under repeated compression. Herein, a sustainable "top-down" cell wall reconfiguration strategy is proposed to fabricate highly elastic, fatigue-resistant, and electrically conductive lamellar wood sponge from natural balsa wood. This strategy involves the conversion of the intrinsic cellular structure of wood into an arch-shaped lamellar architecture reinforced by chemical cross-linking, followed by coating the lamellar scaffold with conductive polypyrrole (PPy) via in situ polymerization. The resulting PPy-coated cross-linked wood sponge (CWS@PPy) demonstrates reversible compressibility, excellent fatigue resistance (∼3.5% plastic deformation after 10,000 cycles at 40% strain). The strain-induced conductivity changes in CWS@PPy enable tunable EMI shielding effectiveness under cyclic compression and also facilities high-sensitivity pressure sensing (0.72 kPa<sup>-1</sup>). Additionally, CWS@PPy exhibits a low through-plane thermal conductivity of 0.037 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>, which can be dynamically tuned for adaptive thermal management. The proposed mechanically robust and conductive wood sponge provides a versatile and sustainable platform for next-generation smart devices. Lamellar structure ; Electrical conductor ; Coating ; Porosity ; Nanocomposite ; Sponge ; Electromagnetic shielding ; Thermal conductivity ; Electrical resistance and conductance Aerogels and thermal insulation ; Electromagnetic wave absorption materials ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
Authors: Eunjeong Park | Ki Han Kwon
Source: Scifood. (article, 2026-01-12)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Smart and sustainable food packaging: recent advances in active/intelligent technologies and future directions This narrative review synthesizes current knowledge and technological advances in smart and sustainable food packaging and focuses on active, intelligent, and bio-based systems. No experimental units, treatments, or controlled interventions were applied because this study is based solely on structural assessments of published scientific literature, regulatory documents, and technical reports. The goal is to clarify how new packaging technologies contribute to food quality, food safety assurance, and environmental performance. Active packaging technology incorporating antimicrobial agents, antioxidant emitters, gas removers, and natural bioactive compounds has demonstrated strong potential to extend shelf life and reduce microbial and oxidative degradation across various food categories. Intelligent packaging systems, including time-temperature indicators, freshness sensors, and biosensing materials, monitor product status in real time, improving transparency across the supply chain. At the same time, bio-based and biodegradable materials such as plant-derived polymers, starch composites, and cellulose films provide environmentally responsible alternatives to existing plastics and support circular economic strategies. Sustainability assessments, environmental burdens, and regulatory reviews indicate ongoing challenges related to safety assessments, movement controls, and global harmonization. Consumer Acceptance Studies further emphasize that perceived safety, environmental benefits, and usability strongly influence the willingness to adopt new packaging systems. This comment suggests that integrating active, intelligent, and bio-based components is essential to developing safe and sustainable next-generation packaging solutions. To accelerate the commercial adoption of innovative and sustainable packaging technologies in the future, the focus should be on regulatory alignment, scalable industrial manufacturing, and digital integration. Active packaging ; Food packaging ; Sustainability ; Transparency (behavior) ; Food safety ; Usability ; Life-cycle assessment ; Ecodesign ; Product (mathematics) Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Consumer Packaging Perceptions and Trends ; Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Chloé Van Leene | Emin Araftpoor | An Staes | Andrea Argentini | Marcel Bühler | Lieven Clement | Kris Gevaert
Source: Analytical Chemistry (article, 2026-02-14)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Advancing DIA-Based Limited Proteolysis Workflows: Introducing DIA-LiPA Limited proteolysis coupled to mass spectrometry (LiP-MS) probes protein conformational dynamics, but interpretation of LiP-MS data is complicated by heterogeneous proteolytic cleavage patterns and missing data. Recent advances in data-independent acquisition (DIA) and machine learning-based search engines promise improved sensitivity and reproducibility, yet their performance in LiP-MS workflows remains underexplored. We systematically evaluated selected library-free DIA workflows using a rapamycin-treated human cell lysate and a yeast heat shock data set, benchmarking DIA-NN and Spectronaut for identification depth, reproducibility, and false discovery rate control. Our results show that library-free approaches achieve high sensitivity, eliminating the experimental overhead and sample requirements associated with empirical libraries. Building on these advances, we introduce a DIA-based Limited Proteolysis data Analysis pipeline (DIA-LiPA), a data analysis workflow tailored for LiP-MS data that integrates semitryptic- and tryptic-level precursor data and accounts for missingness to enable structural interpretation. Validation across multiple data sets confirmed that DIA-LiPA reproduces known structural signatures and uncovers additional regulatory patterns, providing a robust framework for mechanistic insights into protein dynamics. Workflow ; Proteolysis ; Pipeline (software) ; Missing data ; Identification (biology) ; False discovery rate Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Biotin and Related Studies
Authors: Long Liang | Ting Wu | Lingyu Ma | Zhe Wang | Yongjun Deng | Hongwei Zhu | Guigan Fang
Source: Holzforschung (article, 2026-01-19)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Development of a universal NIR model for predicting cellulose and lignin contents in multiple <i>Pinus elliottii</i> clones via efficient feature wavelength selection Abstract This study developed universal near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy models for the high-throughput prediction of wood chemical composition across multiple Pinus elliottii clones. To overcome the limited generalizability of conventional full-spectrum models caused by clone-specific spectral variations and redundancy, three feature selection algorithms were evaluated for extracting robust, clone-independent spectral features correlated with cellulose and lignin content. The Monte Carlo successive projections algorithm (MC-SPA) proved most effective, constructing high-performance models using only a minimal subset of the full-spectrum wavelengths. The resulting universal models based on MC-SPA-selected features demonstrated improved predictive accuracy and generalizability across clones. This work highlights the importance of feature wavelength selection in building highly generalizable NIR calibrations and provides a practical strategy for high-throughput screening in multi-clone breeding programs. Generalizability theory ; Feature selection ; Selection (genetic algorithm) ; Lignin ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Feature (linguistics) ; Cellulose ; Chemometrics ; Monte Carlo method Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Wood Treatment and Properties ; Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
Authors: Suzan Abdullah Al-Audah | Azzah I. Alghamdi | Sumayah I. Alsanie | Nadiyah M. Alabdalla | Amnah Alawdah | Norah Arrak Alenezi | Aisha AlShammari | Ibrahiem Taha | Ahmed Albarrag | Sumayah Aldakeel | M. ALDAYEL
Source: International Journal of Molecular Sciences (article, 2026-01-25)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles with Antibacterial, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Activity Using Convolvulus arvensis Due to the indiscriminate use of antimicrobial drugs in the treatment of infectious diseases, human pathogenic bacteria have developed resistance to many commercially available antibiotics. Medicinal plants such as <i>Convolvulus arvensis</i> represent a renewable resource for the development of alternative therapeutic agents. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesized from <i>C. arvensis</i> against two clinical antibiotic-resistant bacterial isolates. The pathogenic isolates were identified as <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> MRSA and <i>Escherichia coli</i> ESBL using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized via a green synthesis approach, and their physicochemical properties were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, zeta potential, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The synthesized <i>C. arvensis</i>-AgNPs exhibited a surface plasmon resonance peak at 475 nm and predominantly spherical morphology with particle sizes ranging from 102.34 to 210.82 nm. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of O-H, C-O, C-N, C-H, and amide functional groups. The nanoparticles showed a zeta potential of -18.9 mV and an average hydrodynamic diameter of 63 nm. The antibacterial activity of the biosynthesized AgNPs was evaluated against methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA and <i>ATCC 29213</i>) and <i>E. coli</i> (ESBL and <i>ATCC 25922</i>) using agar diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. Inhibition zones ranged from 10 to 13 mm, with MIC and MBC values of 12.5-25 µg/mL and 25-50 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, the nanoparticles exhibited antioxidant activity (DPPH assay, IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.71 mg/mL) and anti-inflammatory effects as determined by protein denaturation inhibition. No cytotoxic effects were observed in the MCF-7 cell line at the MIC level. These findings suggest that <i>C. arvensis</i>-AgNPs have potential as natural antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agents. Silver nanoparticle ; Zeta potential ; Antibacterial activity ; Surface plasmon resonance ; Antimicrobial ; Minimum bactericidal concentration ; Minimum inhibitory concentration ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
Authors: Cameron Miller | Elizabeth J. Opila
Source: Journal of the American Ceramic Society (article, 2026-02-01)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Multicomponent Rare‐Earth Monosilicate Reactions With Calcium‐Magnesium Aluminosilicate ABSTRACT High‐temperature reactions of multicomponent rare‐earth monosilicates (REMS) with calcium‐magnesium aluminosilicate (CMAS) were investigated at 1300°C for 24 h. Three compositional series were tested, each ranging from 1‐cation to 4‐cation REMS, with cations selected to interrogate compositional effects on CMAS reactivity. The final members of these series were (LaNdGdDy)MS, (YDyYbLu)MS, and (YErYbLu)MS. Two additional 5‐cation compositions were also tested, (YNdDyYbLu)MS and (YNdErYbLu)MS. Although commonly dubbed “high entropy” rare‐earth monosilicates (HEREMS), no evidence was found to support the notion that entropy stabilization plays a role in CMAS reactions. Of all samples tested in this work, pure LuMS reacted least with CMAS. Multicomponent REMS reacted with CMAS to form multicomponent apatite reaction products, which contained the same relative rare‐earth composition as the starting REMS. It is proposed that the enthalpic stability of these multicomponent rare‐earth apatites, determined by the rare‐earth elements present, dictates the CMAS reactivity of multicomponent REMS. Aluminosilicate ; Apatite ; Chemical stability ; Reactivity (psychology) ; Series (stratigraphy) ; Entropy (arrow of time) Zeolite Catalysis and Synthesis ; High-pressure geophysics and materials ; Nuclear materials and radiation effects