jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Jehan Sh. Hussien | Bushra B. Qassim
Source: Ibn AL- Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Science (article, 2025-10-20)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

&lt;b&gt;A New Green CFIA/MZT System for Spectrophotometric Determination of Anthranilic Acid&lt;/b&gt; Anthranilic acid (AA) was determined in pure material via a new system of the CFIA method that involves less chemical consumption (μL), is rapid, semiautomated, simple, and accurate. Two reactions of the AA were conducted; the first, with 4-amino antipyrine and potassium periodate as the oxidizing agent, yielded a pinkish-violet colored product, which was measured at λmax 550 nm. The second reaction, using 2,2`-bipyridine with FeCl3, produced a Pinkish-red product, which was measured at λmax 521 nm. Other chemical and physical factors that affect the stability of the complex products in the suggested process include flow rate, reagent concentration, sample volume, dispersion, and reaction coil. The linearity ranges were (10-400) and (5-150) µg.mL-1, the average recovery percentages were 100.995 and 100.974, while the error percentages were 0.995 and 0.974, respectively. The detection limit values were 1.63 and 0.69 μg.mL-1, respectively. A relative standard deviation of 0.28% and 0.65% was observed, and the sample throughput was 80 and 90 samples/hour, respectively. The devised approach was tested against the conventional method and was shown to be more sensitive. Moreover, a t-test was used to contrast "true value" with "practical value". At the 95% confidence level, it was found that the values were not significantly different. Detection limit ; Reagent ; Oxidizing agent ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Potassium ferricyanide ; Relative standard deviation ; Periodate ; Selectivity ; Anthranilic acid Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Analytical chemistry methods development ; Electrochemical sensors and biosensors
Authors: Behnam Kamare | Manochehr Shahabi | Marina Resmini | Tiago A. Fernandes | Fabian Meder
Source: Advanced Science (article, 2025-11-10)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Bio‐Based Wax Interfaces for Droplet Energy Harvesting at Fluoropolymer‐Like Output Levels Droplet impact and rebound on solid surfaces has emerged as a promising method for energy harvesting, typically demonstrated using fluorinated polymers that generate high voltages via liquid-solid contact electrification. However, these materials are non-degradable and environmentally unsustainable. To address this limitation, bio-based waxes - selected by their potential role in environmental electrification processes - are explored as sustainable alternatives. Voltage, current, and charge generation are systematically analyzed from water droplets impacting wax-coated surfaces. Remarkably, natural waxes such as beeswax, operculum wax, and epicuticular plant waxes produced peak voltages up to 500 V and comparable current levels (≈20-40 µA, 10-20 mW peak power) to fluorinated materials under identical conditions. Building on these findings, a flexible, modular, and biodegradable droplet energy harvester is designed using zinc electrodes and wax-coated electrification sites. By guiding droplets through predefined sliding paths and gates, multiple energy harvesting events per droplet are achieved. These results demonstrate that high-performance droplet energy harvesting is possible using sustainable materials and tunable harvester design. Additionally, they reveal the need for further investigation of the liquid-solid electrification mechanism on non-fluorinated surfaces, both in engineered systems and in nature. Wax ; Energy harvesting ; Electrification ; Contact electrification ; Voltage ; Polymer ; Electrode ; Electric potential energy Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials ; Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies
Authors: Hafiz Muhammad Hussain Khan | Ultan McCarthy | Yuanyuan Pu | Kexin Zhang | Imelda Casey | Norah O'Shea
Source: International Journal of Dairy Technology (article, 2025-10-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Near‐infrared spectroscopy for compositional analysis of raw milk: Challenges and opportunities Background Raw milk is the starting ingredient of all dairy products. Understanding the quality and composition of raw milk is essential for ensuring efficient dairy processing and manufacturing final products of consistent quality. Near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been used in the dairy industry for the compositional analysis of several dairy products due to its low cost, minimal sample preparation, straightforward instrumentation and potential for inline measurement. However, measuring the composition of raw milk using NIR spectroscopy continues to remain a significant challenge. Aims The review examines the measurement principles, advantages and limitations of NIR spectroscopy for the compositional analysis of raw milk. It also highlights the challenges and potential limitations of the technique under various measurement settings, including offline, online, inline and in‐field. Methods A systematic review of the literature on compositional analysis of raw milk components using NIR spectroscopy in various measurement settings was conducted. The review also evaluates the performance of miniaturised NIR sensors and emerging analytical approaches for compositional analysis of raw milk. Major Findings NIR spectroscopy demonstrates high accuracy for quantifying macrocomponents of raw milk, such as fat, protein and lactose, particularly in laboratory settings. The miniaturised NIR sensors show promising results for fat and protein; however, their applicability for in‐field measurement requires further validation. Challenges remain in measuring microcomponents and particle size distribution due to strong water absorption bands that obscure certain spectral features. Further improvement in NIR instrument design is required for their applicability in in‐line measurement. Industrial Implications The inline compositional analysis of raw milk using NIR spectroscopy can transform the dairy industry by enabling real‐time raw milk quality assessment, which helps improve process understanding and optimisation. Further research in miniaturised spectrometers, robust calibration techniques and microcomponent measurement is essential to facilitate the uptake and adoption of NIR spectroscopy in dairy processing. Raw milk ; Raw material ; Ingredient ; Spectroscopy ; Instrumentation (computer programming) ; Dairy industry ; Process analytical technology Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Authors: Tetsuya Yamada | Bishnu Choudhary | Gia Ginelle Carandang | Satoshi Yamagishi | Chie Kawamura | Yasuko Yanagida | S Tada
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2025-06-18)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A High-Thermal-Insulation and Portable Microreactor for Integrating Widely Used Planar-Type SOFC and Enabling Handheld Power Generation Materials science ; Microreactor ; Thermal insulation ; Nuclear engineering ; Thermal ; Solid oxide fuel cell ; Mechanical engineering ; Composite material ; Engineering ; Anode ; Layer (electronics) Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ; Fuel Cells and Related Materials
Authors: Abiola E. Adeolu-Idowu | Enesi Y. Salawu | Samson O. Ongbali | O. O. Ajayi | Attabo A. Ameh
Source: NIPES Journal of Science and Technology Research (article, 2025-10-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Assessment of Aluminum Alloy Sustainability- A Review of Its Application Aluminum is the most abundant metallic substance in the Earth's crust. It is also the most produced nonferrous metal. Aluminum has been abundantly used due to its lightweight properties, excellent heat and electricity conductivity, corrosion resistance, etc. Most importantly, its strength-to-weight ratio has allowed it to be applied in many sectors. Aluminum can be quickly reinforced and improved using cost-effective and widely available techniques to create Al alloys. In this study, a general production was carried out to understand the different applications of aluminum alloys to advance manufacturing, the automobile, and the aerospace sectors. Aluminum's proficiency is associated with and traceable to its mechanical properties, making it suitable for broad applications. Aluminium ; Fusible alloy ; Aerospace ; Alloy ; Alonizing ; Corrosion Material Selection and Properties ; Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties ; Scientific and Engineering Research Topics
Authors: Nilamoni Nath | Juan Carlos Fuentes Monteverde | Swaraj Pathak | Christian Griesinger
Source: Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry (review, 2025-12-10)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Residual Chemical Shift Anisotropies in the Structure Determination of Small Molecules The determination of the relative and absolute configuration of natural compounds is a very challenging task. Among other anisotropic NMR parameters, residual chemical shift anisotropy (RCSA) induced by anisotropic media is an invaluable tool to determine relative configurations of natural and synthetic organic molecules in solution. This review introduces various RCSA-based methodologies for the structural elucidation of natural products. The current availability of alignment media in organic solvents for RCSA measurements is also discussed as are applications of RCSAs for structural analysis of various natural products. Anisotropy ; Residual ; Molecule ; Small molecule ; Natural (archaeology) ; Organic molecules ; Chemical structure ; Chemical shift Molecular spectroscopy and chirality ; Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications ; Axial and Atropisomeric Chirality Synthesis
Authors: Raju Yalla | Ashot Gevorgyan
Source: Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis (article, 2025-08-13)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Biobased Ligands Enable Catalysis with Base Metals First‐row transition metal catalysis has already reshaped organic synthesis, offering more abundant and cost‐effective alternatives to precious metals. However, the design of sustainable alternatives for the ligands that dictate metal reactivity remains an unresolved issue. In this work, we demonstrate that phosphines and phosphinites assembled from renewable building blocks can enable catalytic transformations mediated by base metals such as Cu, Ni, and Fe. Hydroboration of olefins, borylation of alkyl halides, hydrogenation of ketones, and dimerization of terminal alkynes are now achievable using homogeneous catalysts based on 3d metals and biobased ligands. The mild reaction conditions established in this study facilitate, among other applications, the late‐stage functionalization of pharmaceuticals, such as bexarotene, estrone, and nabumetone. Chemistry ; Catalysis ; Base (topology) ; Combinatorial chemistry ; Base metal ; Homogeneous catalysis ; Nanotechnology ; Organic chemistry ; Metallurgy Asymmetric Hydrogenation and Catalysis ; Catalytic Cross-Coupling Reactions ; Chemical Synthesis and Reactions
Authors: Lino Ferreira | Vítor Francisco | Andréa Grano Marques | David Sanfeliu-Redondo | Inês Tomé | Susana Rosa | João Pitrez | Peio Aristu-Zabalza | Jordi Gracia‐Sancho
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2025-09-22)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Enhancing Safety and Efficacy of Senolytic Therapies with Advanced Controlled Release Strategies Drug ; Endocytosis ; Cell ; Controlled release ; Clinical trial ; In vitro ; Senescence ; Cytoplasm Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
Authors: Pakhawat Insuwan | Montri Luengchavanon | Natthaporn Kaewchoothoong
Source: Trends in Sciences (article, 2025-11-01)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Green Synthesis of Few-Layer Graphene for Supercapacitor Applications via Mechanical Exfoliation using A High-Speed Kitchen Blender Supercapacitors (SCs) have the potential to be reliable energy storage devices. They offer high-power, a long life cycle, and excellent reliability, making them ideal for consumer electronics. Numerous studies have focused on developing carbon-based materials with a high specific surface area and electronic and ionic conductivity that leads to the provision of high specific capacitance. Few-layer graphene (FLG) has garnered significant attention due to its exceptional electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. This study introduces a simple, scalable, and eco-friendly approach to synthesizing FLG through mechanical exfoliation using a high-speed kitchen blender. The process employs graphite and Pluronic F-127 surfactant in an aqueous solution, ensuring reduced environmental impact. Structural analysis via Raman and FTIR spectroscopies and XRD confirmed successful exfoliation with minimal defects, and retention of the graphitic framework. TEM images demonstrate approximately 400 nm diameter, uniformly shaped, well-ordered nanosheets. Electrochemical characterization highlights the suitability of FLG electrodes for supercapacitors, while cyclic voltammetry (CV) displays excellent reversibility, and EIS demonstrates a low charge transfer resistance (~0.15 Ω). The fabricated FLG-based supercapacitor achieved specific capacitances up to 71.34 F g−1 under a low current density, confirming high energy storage efficiency. The combination of simplicity, scalability, and cost-effectiveness makes this method promising for large-scale production, fostering advances in sustainable energy storage technologies. HIGHLIGHTS The yield of FLG obtained through mechanical exfoliation, which results in flakes with a lateral dimension lower than 1.6 μm, was 85 wt% at its maximum. The EIS results showed low Rs (0.45 Ω) and Rct (0.07 Ω), confirming efficient ion transport and dominantly capacitive behavior of the FLG electrode. The FLG electrode demonstrated good capacitive behavior and rate capability with a specific capacitance of 34 F g−1 at 0.1 A g−1. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT Supercapacitor ; Exfoliation joint ; Graphene ; Raman spectroscopy ; Energy storage ; Graphite ; Capacitance ; Cyclic voltammetry Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication ; Graphene research and applications ; Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications
Authors: Farman Ali Khan | M Mahesh | K. N. Lokesh | Khalid Khan | Shahid Ud Din Wani
Source: Discover Environment (article, 2025-10-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles from halophilic soil extracts exhibiting antioxidant and antibacterial activities Finding sustainable ways to synthesize nanomaterials has become more important as worries about human health, environmental pollution, and climate change have grown. Because of its numerous biomedical uses, especially as antibacterial and antioxidant agents, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) have drawn interest among these. ZnO-NPs were biosynthesized in this study solely using halophilic soil extracts as environmentally benign stabilizing and reducing agents. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze the formulated nanoparticles, and the results verified their high purity and mean crystallite size of 47.45 nm. While Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed functional groups such alcohols, polysaccharides, cellulose, and hemicellulose that probably aided in the creation of nanoparticles, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed primarily spherical morphologies. The elemental composition was validated by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), with zinc and oxygen being the main elements. Biological tests were used to confirm the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs' functional performance. According to the ABTS and FRAP experiments, antioxidant potential showed robust free radical scavenging activity on par with gallic acid. Significant zones of inhibition were observed in the antibacterial activity when tested against pathogenic strains, demonstrating the broad-spectrum effectiveness of the nanoparticles. Additionally, an emollient formulation that included ZnO-NPs showed enhanced therapeutic capacity and biocompatibility, indicating potential for use in wound-healing applications. Halophilic soil extracts can be used as a new and sustainable biogenic source for ZnO-NP synthesis, as this study shows. According to our hypothesis, their distinct metabolites facilitate the effective production of nanoparticles with improved antibacterial and antioxidant properties, providing translational potential in pharmaceutical and biomedical formulations. Antibacterial activity ; Antioxidant ; ABTS ; Zinc ; Gallic acid ; Nanoparticle Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications ; Wound Healing and Treatments
Authors: Sreehari Kambrath | Sneha P.S
Source: International Journal on Science and Technology (article, 2025-06-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Theoretical Testing of Varying Material Mass Impact on Ballistic Performance of UAV-Deployed Spherical Payloads This study presents a theoretical analysis into the influence of material mass on the ballistic performance of spherical payload samples of three main aerospace-grade materials, including AL 8090, Ti-6Al-4V, Zircaloy-4 deployed from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) across an operational altitude range of 30 to 1000 meters. The diameter of the spherical payload bomb for selected materials are taken as 260 mm for better idealization and area uniformity. The analysis employs classical free-fall dynamics and numerical integration techniques to evaluate key impact parameters such as time of descent, velocity, and momentum. The impact time computation is executed through a simple python-based program for avoiding the complexities in calculation. Based on the computed magnitudes, different aerospace materials are assessed and comparatively classified according to their suitability for various applications, including military, safety, and hybrid payload delivery systems. The study outcomes indicate that material selection significantly affects descent time, terminal velocity, and drag efficiency, with denser materials exhibiting lower drag to weight ratios and enhanced momentum characteristics. The findings support optimized material choice for applications in military delivery systems, hybrid fire suppression payloads, and safety modules deployed via UAV platforms. Aerospace engineering ; Aeronautics ; Engineering High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Planetary Science and Exploration ; Electromagnetic Launch and Propulsion Technology
Authors: Zhao Zhang | Tian Zhang | Henghan Dai | Zengyu Hui | Lumin Wang | Jianing An | Xin Liu | Shan Hong | Haoran Zheng | Gengzhi Sun
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-11-26)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Manganese oxide (MnOx) as peroxidase-mimicking nanozymes with valence-dependent activity for single-use colorimetric bioassays Manganese oxide (MnO<sub>x</sub>)-based nanozymes have attracted growing interest due to their low cost, high catalytic robustness, and adjustable oxidation states that influence enzyme-mimicking performance. In this study, we report a systematic approach to synthesize MnO<sub>x</sub> nanocomposites with tunable Mn valence states via a two-step pyrolysis of Mn-BTC precursors, enabling us to explore their valence-dependent peroxidase-like activities. Among the synthesized forms, Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> exhibited the highest catalytic efficiency by facilitating the decomposition of H₂O₂ to generate hydroxyl radicals (•OH), which oxidize tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to produce a blue-colored product. The catalytic mechanism was supported by UV-vis spectroscopy and fluorescence assays. Kinetic studies revealed low Km values, indicating high substrate affinity. Leveraging these properties, we further developed a disposable paper-based colorimetric bioassay using Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, which demonstrated excellent selectivity, sensitivity, and a low detection limit (0.25 μM in solution and 6.77 μM on paper). This work not only elucidates the correlation between Mn valence state and catalytic behavior but also provides a promising strategy for designing efficient nanozymes for low-cost, portable biosensing platforms. Catalysis ; Valence (chemistry) ; Manganese ; Detection limit ; Oxide ; Radical ; Manganese oxide ; Bioassay ; Substrate (aquarium) ; Fluorescence Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics ; Nanocluster Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Jens Dreschmann | Wolfgang Schräder
Source: Molecules (article, 2025-06-09)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Studying the Formation of Fullerenes During Catagenesis The formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during catagenesis does not exclusively lead to planar structures. The inclusion of five-ring elements increases the curvature of PAHs and yields bent molecules. These bowl-like configurations may end in the formation of spherical carbon allotropes as fullerenes or nanotubes, as recently shown. The presence of fullerenes in crude oil raises the question of why the reaction is feasible under catagenic conditions although the laboratory synthesis of fullerenes commonly requires high-energy environments. This study focuses on the feasibility of the simulation of catagenesis under laboratory conditions and the question of which building blocks may lead to spherical structures. Possible educts, reaction mechanisms, and conditions such as temperature are discussed and related to experimental outcomes. For the simulation under laboratory conditions, a light gas condensate was fractionated by distillation in order to reduce the number of compounds per fraction and make them distinguishable. The characterization of the resulting fractions was performed through GC-MS and GC-FID measurements before heat application in a closed reactor. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) measurements of the products indicated PAH growth and, more importantly, the formation of fullerenes. Interestingly, the characterized fullerenes mostly comprised the range of non-IPR (isolated pentagon rule) fullerenes. Fullerene ; Chemistry ; Carbon fibers ; Fraction (chemistry) ; Chemical physics ; Computational chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science Fullerene Chemistry and Applications ; Carbon Nanotubes in Composites ; Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics