jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Hebat‐Allah S. Tohamy
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-09-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Amylopectin xerogel with onion based sulfur nitrogen doped carbon quantum dots as a chemosensor for chromium and biosensor for microbial spoilage in tomatoes This study presents the development of a multifunctional, biodegradable xerogel film based on amylopectin and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (poly(NIPAm)) incorporating sulfur and nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (S, N-CQDs) derived from red onion peels (ROP). The formation mechanism and stability of the composite film were investigated using DFT calculations, revealing enhanced interactions and stability in the S, N-CQDs-containing film (amylopectin-S, N-CQDs15). FTIR and SEM analyses confirmed the successful incorporation of S, N-CQDs and revealed a tighter pore structure in the composite film, leading to increased surface area. The amylopectin-S, N-CQDs15 film exhibited significantly improved antibacterial activity, with inhibition rates of 95.25% against Escherichia coli, 99.12% against Staphylococcus aureus, and 99.23% against Candida albicans. These findings were supported by molecular docking studies indicating strong binding affinities. Furthermore, the film demonstrated its potential as a smart sensor through distinct fluorescence responses to these microorganisms: it showed mixed green and red fluorescence with E. coli, blue dots with S. aureus, and a change from large red regions to numerous green dots with C. albicans. The film also exhibited a fluorescence shift from red to blue upon exposure to Cr(VI). Notably, the film displayed pH-responsive color transitions relevant to monitoring tomato spoilage. These findings highlight the potential of this bio-based composite film, prepared from a waste resource, as a sustainable and effective solution for active food packaging, offering antimicrobial properties and detection of spoilage and contamination. Quantum dot ; Fluorescence ; Biosensor ; Food spoilage ; Amylopectin ; Sulfur ; Composite number ; Ethylenediamine Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications ; Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis ; Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
Authors: Teresa Pinto | Fernanda Cosme | Elisete Correia | Alice Vilela
Source: Applied Sciences (article, 2025-04-17)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Spectroscopic Techniques Application for Wine and Wine Byproduct Authentication The growing concern regarding the authenticity of wine and wine byproducts, particularly in terms of their origin and grape varieties, is of great importance to both consumers and the wine industry. Verifying the accuracy of information presented on labels is crucial for this sector, as regulatory frameworks strictly govern the veracity of claims made to consumers. This concern has driven the development and application of innovative analytical methods, such as spectroscopic techniques, which utilize different wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum, including the visible (Vis), ultraviolet (UV), and infrared (IR) regions. This review aims to highlight the importance of understanding a wine’s unique fingerprint. To achieve this, it will explore various analytical methods used to verify the authenticity of consumer information, assess the composition of grapes and wine, and discuss the statistical techniques employed to extract valuable insights from the resulting datasets. Wine ; Computer science ; Food science ; Chemistry Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Authors: Nguyen Hoa Hong | Nguyen Sy Pham | Satoshi Murakami | Mojmír Meduňa | Ondřej Caha | Ivana Miháliková | Martin Friák
Source: RSC Advances (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

ZnO thin films made by sputtering: room temperature ferromagnetism due to Zn defects/vacancies? Unlike TiO<sub>2</sub> and SnO<sub>2</sub>, room temperature ferromagnetism in pristine ZnO films does not appear to originate from oxygen vacancies. In this study, we investigated thin films of ZnO deposited on <i>R</i>-cut Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> by sputtering. The ZnO films were ferromagnetic, with a very high <i>T</i> <sub>C</sub> of about 800 K and were quite magnetically homogenous. Our experiments were complemented by quantum-mechanical calculations of both bulk wurtzite-structure ZnO and its (0001) surfaces, with and without Zn vacancies. While the bulk ground state and the bulk-terminated, vacancy-free (0001) surfaces were non-magnetic, a higher concentration of Zn vacancies deep beneath the surface was shown to contribute magnetic moments to the ferromagnetic state of ZnO. Ferromagnetism ; Sputtering ; Materials science ; Condensed matter physics ; Thin film ; Oxygen ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Physics ZnO doping and properties ; Copper-based nanomaterials and applications ; Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides
Authors: Brittney M. Hauke | Aaron M. Bossen | John C. Mauro
Source: Journal of the American Ceramic Society (review, 2025-02-24)
Field: Materials Science — Ceramics and Composites

Experimental and computational methods for studying relaxation of aluminosilicate glasses: A review Abstract Relaxation plays a critical role in all glasses, especially those that undergo heat treatments for industrial applications. However, the fundamental mechanisms of relaxation are still poorly understood, especially in industrially relevant glasses such as aluminosilicate systems. Additionally, there exists a gap between glass chemistry and theories of relaxation in glass physics, where the underlying descriptions of relaxation are not always tied to specific features of glass structure. Here, we present a comprehensive review of experimental and computational models used to study the relaxation behavior of high‐temperature oxide glasses, with an emphasis on aluminosilicate glass compositions relevant to the high‐tech glass industry. At the end of this review, we provide a perspective on bridging the gap between glass physics and chemistry through joint experimental and modeling approaches, as well as potential future experiments for measuring relaxation behavior below the glass transition temperature. Aluminosilicate ; Materials science ; Relaxation (psychology) ; Mineralogy ; Thermodynamics ; Geology ; Chemistry ; Physics ; Psychology ; Organic chemistry Glass properties and applications ; Material Dynamics and Properties ; Clay minerals and soil interactions
Authors: Abdulaal Farhan | Farah Faiqah Fazial | Ahmad Azfaralariff | Maria J. Costa | Miguel A. Cerqueira
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules (review, 2025-03-10)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Production of polysaccharide and protein edible films: Challenges and strategies to scale-up Polysaccharide ; Scale (ratio) ; Production (economics) ; Food science ; Chemistry ; Biochemical engineering ; Biotechnology ; Biochemistry ; Biology ; Engineering ; Physics ; Economics Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Collagen: Extraction and Characterization ; Proteins in Food Systems
Authors: Tapas De | Vuong Trieu | Scott M. Myers | Sanjive Qazi | Saran Saund | Cynthia Wei‐Sheng Lee
Source: International Journal of Molecular Sciences (review, 2025-11-08)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Sub-15 nm Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery: Emerging Frontiers and Therapeutic Potential Nanoparticles (NPs) have significantly changed the field of drug delivery, offering control over pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and targeted therapy. Among these, ultrasmall nanoparticles (USNPs) with sizes of approximately 5-15 nm have garnered significant interest due to their unique physicochemical properties, including enhanced cellular uptake, deeper tissue penetration, and prolonged systemic circulation. This review explores the fundamental principles governing sub-15 nm nanoparticles, their classification, and their distinctive advantages in pharmaceutical applications. Various types of nanoparticles, including polymeric, lipid-based, metallic, and carbon-based nanosystems, are examined in the context of drug delivery in cancer therapy. We detail how sub-15 nm polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) are emerging as transformative drug delivery platforms for cancer therapy. The impact of nanoparticle size, surface modifications, and biocompatibility on therapeutic performance is critically analyzed. Furthermore, we discuss emerging applications of these ultrasmall nanoparticles in cancer therapy, neurological disorders, vaccine delivery, and imaging. Despite their promise, key challenges such as stability, aggregation, toxicity, and regulatory concerns remain significant hurdles for clinical translation. This review provides insights into the potential of 5-15 nm nanoparticles to reshape modern drug delivery and highlights future directions for research and development in this rapidly evolving field. Drug delivery ; Context (archaeology) ; Nanoparticle ; Biocompatibility ; Drug ; Targeted drug delivery ; Nanomedicine Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; RNA Interference and Gene Delivery ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
Authors: Liangchun Li | Renlin Zheng | Rongqin Sun
Source: Macromolecular Bioscience (review, 2025-01-31)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of Short Peptides: Nanostructure Formation, Function Tailoring, and Applications This article explores the hierarchical self-assembly of short peptides, which refers to the structured spatial arrangements of these molecules over long distances. This phenomenon is commonly found in nature and has important implications for biological structure and function. Short peptides are preferred for self-assembly because they have the ability to spontaneously create various nanostructures. This process, known as bottom-up assembly, allows for the addition of functional groups at the carboxyl or amine ends of the peptides. These functional groups enable specific functions that are extremely valuable in the fields of biotechnology and biomedicine. This text discusses the basic processes involved in the self-assembly of short peptides, such as the characteristics of amino acid side chains, the categorization of short peptides according to their chemical structure, the influence of intermolecular forces, and the dynamic nature of the self-assembly process. In addition, the paper discusses the various uses of short peptides in the disciplines of biomedicine and optoelectronics, including stimulus-responsive hydrogels, tissue engineering, and drug delivery. The article also suggests rational design principles for controlling the hierarchical self-assembly of short peptides, creating new commercial applications, particularly with functional hydrogels, and offers insights into the future of the discipline. Nanostructure ; Self-assembly ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Materials science Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials ; Polydiacetylene-based materials and applications ; Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
Authors: Wuxu Zhang | Ziyin Xiang | Tengfei Ma | Baoru Bian | Jinyun Liu | Yuanzhao Wu | Yiwei Liu | Jie Shang | Run-Wei Li
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-05-20)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Self-supported β-Ga2O3 nanowires and for stretchable solar-blind UV photodetectors Fire rescue robots equipped with solar-blind UV photodetectors can significantly improve operational safety and efficiency in hazardous environments involving high temperatures, explosions, toxic gases, and smoke. However, conventional rigid photodetectors cannot meet the flexibility requirements for seamless integration with robotic systems. This study presents a breakthrough in developing stretchable solar-blind UV photodetectors through an innovative combination of electrospinning and high-temperature phase transformation. Our approach enables high-yield production of self-supporting β-Ga₂O₃ nanowires with excellent solar-blind UV absorption. The fabricated metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetector demonstrates outstanding performance, including a remarkable photo-to-dark current ratio of 147.2 and responsivity of 22.5 mA/W. More importantly, the device exhibits unprecedented mechanical stability, with merely 3.4% photocurrent variation under 50% tensile strain and only 3.9% degradation after 500 strain cycles. We further demonstrate the practical applicability of this technology by fabricating a functional photodetector array capable of solar-blind UV imaging, paving the way for next-generation intelligent firefighting systems. Photodetector ; Materials science ; Photocurrent ; Responsivity ; Optoelectronics ; Dark current ; Firefighting ; Nanowire Ga2O3 and related materials ; ZnO doping and properties ; Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors
Authors: Gabriel Cotting | Oscar Urquidi | Céline Besnard | Johanna Brazard | Takuji Adachi
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (article, 2025-03-04)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

The effect of salt additives on the glycine crystallization pathway revealed by studying one crystal nucleation at a time Molecular-level understanding of the early stage of crystallization remains a significant challenge. For a wide range of fundamental research and applications, it is of great importance to understand the mechanism of crystal polymorph selections in different solvents or in the presence of additives. We studied glycine crystallization in aqueous solution with or without the addition of sodium chloride (NaCl), one crystal nucleation at a time, using the recently developed single-crystal nucleation spectroscopy (SCNS). It has been reported that glycine forms γ-glycine when salt is added to aqueous solution, and the mechanism has been considered as a classical nucleation where γ-glycine forms directly as a crystal nucleus. Our study shows that metastable polymorph β-glycine forms first in aqueous solution both with or without NaCl through a nonclassical nucleation pathway. NaCl can stabilize the metastable β-glycine over several hours and also prevent it from converting to α-glycine. Eventually γ-glycine nucleates on the surface of β-glycine and then grows while dissolving the mother β-glycine. The crystal habit of β-glycine suggests that the stabilization by NaCl occurs at its polar face. SCNS provides crucial information to accelerate the investigation of the early stage of crystallization toward the rational control of polymorphisms. Crystallization ; Nucleation ; Crystal (programming language) ; Aqueous solution ; Glycine ; Metastability ; Dissolution ; Salt (chemistry) ; Crystal growth ; Chemistry ; Crystallography ; Solubility ; Crystal habit ; Materials science ; Amino acid ; Physical chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Biochemistry Crystallization and Solubility Studies ; Enzyme Structure and Function ; Crystallography and molecular interactions
Authors: James D. Batteas | Tomislav Friščić
Source: RSC Mechanochemistry (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Shaken not stirred: procedures in mechanochemical syntheses and how to define them James Batteas and Tomislav Friščić outline the need for well-defined reporting methodologies in mechanochemistry. Chemistry ; Process engineering ; Polymer science ; Engineering Various Chemistry Research Topics ; Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ; Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Authors: M. Mostafa | Samia Yeasmin | Md. Mahmodul Hassan Pranto | Shahed Reza | Taslim Ur Rashid | Harinarayan Das | Mahmudur Rahman | Ahsan Habib
Source: Nanoscale Advances (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Annealing-induced optimization of green-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles for improved nanopriming in sustainable agriculture Being a very simple and cost-effective way to improve crop growth, nanopriming has been widely adopted as an efficient and advanced technology in agriculture. In recent years, there has been a drive to use green synthesized metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) for nanopriming, which promotes an eco-friendly approach to material synthesis. Among various factors that influence the properties of NPs, annealing plays a critical role in altering their structural and functional characteristics. However, the role of annealing in optimizing green-synthesized NPs for effective nanopriming remains largely unexplored. Here, we present the first report on the effect of annealing on green-synthesized ZnO NPs for effective nanopriming. We analyze surface morphology, crystallinity, elemental composition, and colloidal stability by varying the annealing temperature of as-synthesized ZnO NPs. We show that colloidally stable smaller NPs (annealed at 400 °C) exhibit optimal performance in nanopriming. This finding is supported by practical data showing a significant improvement in germination percentage (up to 61.7%) and shoot length (up to 85.3%) of <i>Momordica charantia</i> seeds treated with 120 mg L<sup>-1</sup> of ZnO NP annealed at 400 °C. This study not only provides information on the specialized synthesis of ZnO NPs but also paves the way for sustainable agricultural practices to increase food production. Annealing (glass) ; Nanoparticle ; Materials science ; Chemical engineering ; Nanotechnology ; Metallurgy ; Engineering Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Polymer-Based Agricultural Enhancements ; Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
Authors: Anja Ulrich | Kamal Brahim | Andries Boelen | Michiel Debaets | Ahmed E. Khalil | Conglin Sun | Yishu Huang | Sandeep Seema Saseendran | Marina Baryshnikova | Paola Favia | Thomas Nuytten | Stefanie Sergeant | Kasper Van Gasse | Bart Kuyken | Kristiaan De Greve | Clément Merckling | Christian Haffner
Source: Science (article, 2025-10-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Engineering high Pockels coefficients in thin-film strontium titanate for cryogenic quantum electro-optic applications Pockels materials are notable for their strong electro-optic interaction and rapid response times and are therefore used extensively in optical communications. However, at cryogenic temperatures, Pockels coefficients are reduced in many materials optimized for room-temperature operation, which is a major hurdle for emerging quantum technologies. Here, we show that strontium titanate (SrTiO<sub>3</sub>) can be engineered to exhibit a Pockels coefficient of 345 picometers per volt at 20 hertz at cryogenic temperatures, a value twice as high as any other thin-film electro-optic material. By adjusting the stoichiometry, we were able to increase the Curie temperature and realize a ferroelectric phase yielding a high Pockels coefficient, so far with limited optical losses of decibels per centimeter. Our findings position SrTiO<sub>3</sub> as a promising material for cryogenic quantum photonics applications. Pockels effect ; Strontium titanate ; Ferroelectricity ; Quantum ; Photonics ; Curie temperature ; Electrostriction ; Strontium Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials ; Photonic and Optical Devices ; Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics
Authors: Ehsan Fartash Naeimi | K. Selvi | N. Ungureanu
Source: Polymers (review, 2025-06-18)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Exploring the Role of Advanced Composites and Biocomposites in Agricultural Machinery and Equipment: Insights into Design, Performance, and Sustainability The agricultural sector faces growing pressure to enhance productivity and sustainability, prompting innovation in machinery design. Traditional materials such as steel still dominate but are a cause of increased weight, soil compaction, increased fuel consumption, and corrosion. Composite materials-and, more specifically, fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs)-offer appealing alternatives due to their high specific strength and stiffness, corrosion resistance, and design flexibility. Meanwhile, increasing environmental awareness has triggered interest in biocomposites, which contain natural fibers (e.g., flax, hemp, straw) and/or bio-based resins (e.g., PLA, biopolyesters), aligned with circular economy principles. This review offers a comprehensive overview of synthetic composites and biocomposites for agricultural machinery and equipment (AME). It briefly presents their fundamental constituents-fibers, matrices, and fillers-and recapitulates relevant mechanical and environmental properties. Key manufacturing processes such as hand lay-up, compression molding, resin transfer molding (RTM), pultrusion, and injection molding are discussed in terms of their applicability, benefits, and limits for the manufacture of AME. Current applications in tractors, sprayers, harvesters, and planters are covered in the article, with advantages such as lightweighting, corrosion resistance, flexibility and sustainability. Challenges are also reviewed, including the cost, repairability of damage, and end-of-life (EoL) issues for composites and the moisture sensitivity, performance variation, and standardization for biocomposites. Finally, principal research needs are outlined, including material development, long-term performance testing, sustainable and scalable production, recycling, and the development of industry-specific standards. This synthesis is a practical guide for researchers, engineers, and manufacturers who want to introduce innovative material solutions for more efficient, longer lasting, and more sustainable agricultural machinery. Sustainability ; Composite material ; Materials science ; Agriculture ; Engineering ; Geography Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Mechanical Engineering and Vibrations Research ; Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
Authors: Lucas B. Ayres | Justin T. Furgala | Carlos D. García
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-01-03)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Deciphering antioxidant interactions via data mining and RDKit Minimizing the oxidation of lipids remains one of the most important challenges to extend the shelf-life of food products and reduce food waste. While most consumer products contain antioxidants, the most efficient strategy is to incorporate combinations of two or more compounds, boosting the total antioxidant capacity. Unfortunately, the reasons for observing synergistic / antagonistic / additive effects in food samples are still unclear, and it is common to observe very different responses even for similar mixtures. Aiming to identify chemical features that can be correlated with specific responses, this report presents an analysis of 1243 mixtures of antioxidants reported in the literature. The analysis focuses on the most commonly reported compounds and mixtures and considers how various chemical descriptors (number of atoms, number of heavy atoms, number of heteroatoms, number of carbon atoms, number of oxygen atoms, number of nitrogen atoms, number of chloride atoms, polar surface area, molecular weight, number of aromatic rings, logP, and hydrogen bond counts) affect the response. Out of those, our analysis showed that hydrogen bonding plays an important role in determining how antioxidants interact, potentially affecting the overall behavior of mixtures. Far from drawing a universal conclusion about one particular mechanism; this article provides an overview of what has worked so far, delving into the possible chemical variables behind those interactions. Heteroatom ; Antioxidant ; Chemistry ; Hydrogen bond ; Hydrogen ; Biochemical engineering ; Computational chemistry ; Food science ; Computer science ; Molecule ; Organic chemistry ; Ring (chemistry) Free Radicals and Antioxidants ; Computational Drug Discovery Methods ; Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities