jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia | A. Bose | Tuan Noor Hasanah Tuan Ismail | Noor Khazanah A Rahman | Chan Chee Ming | Hamizah Mokhtar | Nur Faezah Yahya | Suraya Hani Adnan
Source: Journal of Advanced Industrial Technology and Application (article, 2024-06-20)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Compressive Strength of Paver Block Using Rubber Tyre Waste and Bamboo Fibre Under Extreme Conditions The utilisation of by-products in paver block production has gained significant attention due to its potential in environmental condition. This research investigates the effect of incorporating rubber tyre waste and bamboo fibre into the fabrication of paver block on compressive strength, water absorption, density and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests. This research comprises two batches of paver blocks fabrications following a 1:2:3 ratio(cement: fine aggregate: coarse aggregate). Batch 1 involves the fabrication of paver blocks by incorporating varying percentages of rubber tyre waste (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%), which replace a portion of the sand (referred to as rubber paver block). In Batch 2, various dosages of bamboo fibre, used as a reinforcement material were added to the paver block containing 40% rubber tyre waste, which are referred to as rubber-bamboo fibre paver blocks. Nevertheless, the compressive strength of the rubber-bamboo fibre paver blocks was further examined under two simulated environmental conditions: (1) air and dry cycle, and (2) wet and dry conditions. These conditions aim to assess the block’s resistance to temperature fluctuations, moisture effects, and theiroverall durability. The strength of the paver blocks decreases with the additional inclusion of rubber tyre waste. While the utilisation of 0.3% bamboo fibre has shown improvement in its strength performance compared to 0.2% and 0.4%. It suitable to used for non-loading structural applications that require strength below 25 kPa. This study was able to promote sustainable and green construction materials for paving applications through the efficient recycling of waste materials. It aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) and 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities). Bamboo ; Compressive strength ; Natural rubber ; Materials science ; Block (permutation group theory) ; Composite material ; Waste material ; Environmental science ; Waste management ; Engineering ; Mathematics Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Mechanical Engineering and Vibrations Research
Authors: Jahanzeb Sheikh | Tan Tian Swee | Syafiqah Saidin | Azli Yahya | Sameen Ahmed Malik | Lee Suan Chua | José Javier Serrano Olmedo | Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain | Matthias Tiong Foh Thye | Leong Kah Meng | Jawad Shafique
Source: Jurnal Kejuruteraan (article, 2024-09-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Comparative Efficacy Assessment of Solitary SMD Beaded Ultraviolet-C Light Emitting Diodes for Enhanced Disinfection of High-Touch Surfaces (Optimization of Surface Disinfection utilizing SMD beaded UV-C LEDs) Ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diodes (LED) have gained attention for substituting conventional disinfection methods due to efficiency, environmental benefits, and safety since the early 2000s. Earlier research has investigated highpower UV-disinfection systems employing UV tubes for effectively disinfecting surfaces. However, such systems come with several limitations, including the delicacy of UV tubes, the mercury component, and the larger size of the equipment, requiring trained professionals for handling. Additionally, owing to their larger size, these systems are unable to adequately treat shaded spaces, resulting in insufficient disinfection. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate and compare the efficacy of surface mount device (SMD)-beaded UV-C LEDs against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacterium to elucidate the self-reliant disinfection capacity, focusing on achieving peak disinfection efficiency up to 15 cm for treating high-touch regions. Under maximum exposure settings (15 cm, 60 s), a considerable reduction of 1.7-log10 inactivation was achieved with KW6565 upon exposure to 0.054 mJ-cm-², corresponding to an efficiency of 98%. This swift decline led to a reduction in bacterial concentration from the initial level to 1.00x108 CFU/mL. However, the RZX variant necessitated the dose of 0.018 mJ-cm-² to achieve a 1.6-log10 inactivation or 97.6% percent reduction under similar exposure settings. The efficacy of both the 4W variants were notably impacted by the UV dose (p&lt;0.05) at different distances, compared to the control group, revealing a positive correlation with the bactericidal rate. To conclude, this research substantiated the potential of a 4W UV-LED to establish an enhanced disinfection strategy, particularly for treating shady spaces. Light-emitting diode ; Ultraviolet ; Optoelectronics ; Materials science ; Diode ; Nanotechnology Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials
Authors: Kuo–Chuan Ho | Salvatore Perna | Steffen Wittrock | Sumito Tsunegi | Hitoshi Kubota | Shinji Yuasa | Paolo Bortolotti | M. d’Aquino | C. Serpico | Vincent Cros | Romain Lebrun
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-12-22)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Controlling encirclement of an exceptional point using coupled spintronic nano-oscillators Exceptional points (EPs), branch singularities parameter space of non-Hermitian eigenvalue manifolds, display unique topological phenomena linked to eigenvalue and eigenvector switching: the parameter space states are highly sensitive to the system's parameter changes. Therefore, we suggest investigating the parameter space in the presence of an EP by experimentally accessing and exploiting the topological nature of the coupled system around an EP. We demonstrate control over exceptional points in coupled vortex spin-transfer torque oscillators by adjusting the system's damping through the spin-transfer torque effect and their relative phase. This approach allows for precise manipulation of the coupling behavior in the vicinity of an exceptional point. We report the presence of both level attraction/repulsion by adjusting the system's parameters. Moreover, we evidence the topological nature of the EP by dynamically encircling it in the phase-current parameter space, leading to a switch of the eigenstates. Our study introduces a new method for exploring non-Hermitian physics in spintronic systems at room temperature. Spintronics ; Point (geometry) ; Nano- ; Computer science ; Nanotechnology ; Physics ; Materials science ; Mathematics ; Ferromagnetism ; Condensed matter physics ; Quantum mechanics Liquid Crystal Research Advancements
Authors: Chun-Hsien Kuo | Yuan-Chih Hsiao | Chen-Yu Jhang | Yidong Chen | Shih-Kuang Tung
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2024-02-20)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Preparing pure 43Ca+ samples in an ion trap with photoionization and parametric excitations Photoionization ; Ion ; Parametric statistics ; Trap (plumbing) ; Ion trap ; Atomic physics ; Physics ; Materials science ; Ionization ; Quantum mechanics ; Statistics ; Mathematics Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Radioactive Decay and Measurement Techniques ; Atomic and Molecular Physics
Authors: Meng Zeng | Fu Xu | Da-Chuan Lu | Yi‐Zhuang You
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-05-08)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Optical Conductivity in Symmetric Mass Generation Insulators Symmetric mass generation (SMG) insulators are interaction-driven, featureless Mott insulating states in quantum many-body fermionic systems. Recent advancements suggest that zeros in the fermion Green's function could lead to non-vanishing negative optical conductivity in SMG insulators, even below the charge excitation gap. This study explores the origin of this unusual behavior through the lens of pole-zero duality, highlighting a critical issue where the current operator becomes unbounded, rendering the response function unphysical. By employing a lattice model, we derive a well-behaved lattice regularization of the current operator, enabling a detailed study of optical conductivity in SMG insulators. Utilizing both analytical and numerical methods, including strong-coupling expansions, we confirm that SMG insulators exhibit no optical conductivity at low energies below the charge gap, effectively resolving the paradox. This work not only deepens our understanding of quantum many-body phenomena but also lays a robust theoretical groundwork for future experimental explorations of SMG materials. Conductivity ; Physics ; Materials science ; Condensed matter physics ; Quantum mechanics High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
Authors: F. Kiefer | M. Bonnefoy | Benjamin Charnay | A. Boccaletti | A.-M. Lagrange | G. Chauvin | Bruno Bézard | Mathilde Mâlin
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-02-13)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

A new treatment of telluric and stellar features for medium resolution spectroscopy and molecular mapping. Application to the abundance determination on Beta Pic b Molecular mapping is a supervised method exploiting the spectral diversity of integral field spectrographs to detect and characterize resolved exoplanets blurred into the stellar halo. We present an evolution of the method to remove the stellar halo and the nuisance of telluric features in the datacubes and access a continuum-subtracted spectra of the planets at R$\sim$4000. We derive planet atmosphere properties from a direct analysis of the planet telluric-corrected absorption spectrum. We applied our methods to the SINFONI observation of the planet $β$ Pictoris b. We recover the CO and H$_2$O detections in the atmosphere of $β$ Pic b using molecular mapping. We further determine some basic properties of its atmosphere, with $T_\text{eq}=1748^{+3}_{-4}$ K, a sub-solar [Fe/H]=$-0.235^{+0.015}_{-0.013}$ dex, and a solar C/O=$0.551 \pm 0.002$ in contrast with values measured for the same exoplanet with other infrared instruments. We confirm a low projected equatorial velocity of 25$^{+5}_{-6}$ km s$^{-1}$. We are also able to measure, for the first time with a medium-resolution spectrograph, the radial velocity of $β$ Pic b relative to the central star at MJD=56910.38 with a km/s precision of $-11.3 \pm 1.1$ km s$^{-1}$, compatible with ephemerides based on the current knowledge of the $β$ Pic system. Abundance (ecology) ; Resolution (logic) ; BETA (programming language) ; Spectroscopy ; High resolution ; Low resolution ; Astrophysics ; Physics ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Geology ; Remote sensing ; Computer science ; Astronomy ; Chromatography ; Biology ; Artificial intelligence ; Ecology Molecular spectroscopy and chirality ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Authors: Jenard D. Tambong
Source: International Journal of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (article, 2024-09-05)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Growth performance of Kawayang Kiling (Bambusa vulgaris Schrader ex Wendland) as influenced by different levels of Alpha Napthalene Acetic Acid This study investigated the influence of different alpha-naphthalene acetic acid (ANAA) levels on the growth performance of Kawayang kiling during bamboo propagation. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four treatments and three replications was employed. The treatments comprised varying ANAA concentrations: T0-0 ppm, T1-2 ppm, T2-4 ppm, and T3-6 ppm. The study found no significant effect of ANAA application on the growth performance of Kawayang kiling cuttings, measured by the number of shoots developed, shoot height, number of leaves, number of roots, and root length. However, for branch cuttings, supplementing with 2 ppm ANAA resulted in improved growth and survival. This indicates that ANAA is effective in encouraging root formation and overall plant health, making it a valuable tool in horticulture and plant propagation. By using ANAA, growers may see better results in the propagation process, leading to stronger, more resilient plants. Further research could explore optimizing ANAA concentrations and application methods to maximize its benefits, potentially enhancing bamboo propagation techniques and supporting sustainable agricultural practices. Acetic acid ; Bambusa ; Alpha (finance) ; Chemistry ; Biology ; Bamboo ; Botany ; Organic chemistry ; Political science ; Law Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Bamboo properties and applications
Authors: Alexander W. Powell | Thomas E. Whittaker | William G. Whittow | J. R. Sambles | Alastair P. Hibbins
Source: ACS Photonics (article, 2024-03-11)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Demonstration and Control of “Spoof-Plasmon” Scattering from 3D Spherical Metaparticles Geometries that replicate the behavior of metal nanostructures at much lower frequencies via texturing surfaces so they will support a surface wave have been a central pillar of metamaterials research. However, previous work has focused largely on geometries that can be reduced to symmetries in one or two dimensions, such as strips, flat planes, and cylinders. Shapes with isotropic responses in three dimensions are important for applications, such as radar scattering and the replication of certain nanoscale behaviors. This work presents a detailed exploration of the scattering behavior of 3D spherical "spoof plasmonic" metaparticles, based on the platonic solids. Their behavior is compared to an effective medium model through simulation and experiment, and the vast range of behaviors that can be produced from a metal sphere of a given radius via tuning its internal structure is explored in detail. Scattering ; Plasmon ; Metamaterial ; Optics ; STRIPS ; Isotropy ; RADIUS ; Materials science ; Nanostructure ; Physics ; Nanotechnology ; Computer science Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies
Authors: Malepati S N V S Sripriya Bhargavi | N. Seenivasan | P. Prashanth | Sankaran Mirunalini | D. Laxminarayana | P Praneeth Kumar
Source: Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology (article, 2024-03-30)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Enhancing the Aesthetic and Economic Value of Potted Zinnia through Pinching and Paclobutrazol Spray Potted plants constitute a significant portion of the global floriculture trade, highlighting the importance of pot presentation for commercial competitiveness. Despite being a commonly grown annual crop in flower beds during its season, zinnia's potential as a potted plant has been limited by its natural growth form that looks disproportionate in a pot. This study examines the impact of pinching and paclobutrazol application on enhancing the suitability of zinnia for pot presentation. It was conducted during the rabi season at the College of Horticulture, Hyderabad.The results indicate that both pinching and paclobutrazol treatment significantly reduce plant height while improving plant spread. Among the treatments, the combination of 100 ppm paclobutrazol application and double pinching demonstrated the highest pot presentation score at 87.41, followed by the treatment involving 50 ppm paclobutrazol and double pinching with a score of 85.31. Conversely, the control treatment without pinching or spray exhibited the lowest score of 60.33 points. Furthermore, when assessing the benefit-cost ratio, double pinching with 100 ppm of paclobutrazol proved to have significant commercial advantages with a B:C ratio of 1.4. Paclobutrazol ; Value (mathematics) ; Horticulture ; Biology ; Economics ; Mathematics ; Statistics Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging
Authors: T. H. B. Demont | S. K. F. Stoter | Christian Diddens | E. H. van Brummelen
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-07-08)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

On the Consistency of Dynamic Wetting Boundary Conditions for the Navier-Stokes-Cahn-Hilliard Equations We investigate the limiting behavior of the Navier-Stokes-Cahn-Hilliard model for binary-fluid flows as the diffuse-interface thickness passes to zero, in the presence of fluid-fluid-solid contact lines. Allowing for motion of such contact lines relative to the solid substrate is required to adequately model multi-phase and multi-species fluid transport past and through solid media. Even though diffuse-interface models provide an inherent slip mechanism through the mobility-induced diffusion, this slip vanishes as the interface thickness and mobility parameter tend to zero in the so-called sharp-interface limit. The objective of this work is to present dynamic wetting and generalized Navier boundary conditions for diffuse-interface models that are consistent in the sharp-interface limit. We concentrate our analysis on the prototypical binary-fluid Couette-flow problems. To verify the consistency of the diffuse-interface model in the limit of vanishing interface thickness, we provide reference limit solutions of a corresponding sharp-interface model. For parameter values both at and away from the critical viscosity ratio, we present and compare the results of both the diffuse- and sharp-interface models. The close match between both model results indicates that the considered test case lends itself well as a benchmark for further research. Cahn–Hilliard equation ; Wetting ; Consistency (knowledge bases) ; Navier–Stokes equations ; Boundary value problem ; Wetting transition ; Mathematics ; Physics ; Mechanics ; Applied mathematics ; Mathematical analysis ; Thermodynamics ; Geometry ; Compressibility ; Partial differential equation Solidification and crystal growth phenomena ; Fluid Dynamics and Thin Films ; nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
Authors: Ye Wang | Yongyi Chen | Qin Li | Lijun Wang
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2024-09-04)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Optimal Design and Analysis of Wide-band Near-infrared Hybrid Dielectric Gratings with High Transmission Efficiency Since surface relief transmission gratings have very strict requirements on operators and use environment, according to the semiconductor laser external cavity spectral beam combining system, this paper proposes a design scheme of semiconductor laser array spectral beam combining system based on grating-external cavity. The finite element approach was used to create a wideband, high-efficiency fill-in multilayer dielectric transmission grating structure for a high-power spectrum beam combining system. The incidence angle, ridge height, duty cycle, and sidewall inclination angle of the transmission grating were tuned and evaluated, and a link between the transmission grating&amp;#039;s diffraction efficiency and grating characteristics was discovered. The calculated design of the high-power fused silica transmission grating has a negative first-order peak diffraction efficiency of 99.5% in the 800nm range. In the spectral region of 765-872 nm, the transmission grating&amp;#039;s diffraction effectiveness exceeds 92%. The filled ultra-high diffraction efficiency multilayer dielectric transmission grating design addresses the issue of resistance to high-power lasers under complicated operating settings, it’s intended to maintain a high diffraction efficiency even after several cleaning cycles, and it’s an ideal component for high-power spectrum beam combining systems. Infrared ; Transmission (telecommunications) ; Dielectric ; Materials science ; Optoelectronics ; Optics ; Electronic engineering ; Computer science ; Telecommunications ; Physics ; Engineering Optical Coatings and Gratings ; Photonic and Optical Devices ; Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
Authors: Oleksiy Kashuba | R. Mummadavarapu | Roman-Pascal Riwar
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-10-28)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Of gyrators and non-identical anyons Compact scalar field theories on lattices are capable of describing a large class of many-body systems, such as interacting bosons, superconducting circuit networks, spin systems and more. We show that a generic quantum geometric many-body coupling provides Chern connections between lattice nodes, which can be understood in the electric circuit language as a type of quantum gyrator. Quantum geometry thus unlocks a direct mapping from scalar fields to anyons with fractional exchange phases, relevant for quantum error correction codes and quantum chemistry computation applications. While usual Chern-Simons-type theories have relatively local connections and a homogeneous Chern-Simons level, the gyrators can connect nonlocally and have different Chern numbers for different connections. This feature introduces the notion of non-identical anyons, i.e., excitations that do not mutually satisfy the same exchange statistics. Such non-identical exchange statistics open up a microscopic pathway to a virtually unexplored class of non-local field theories breaking the Wigner superselection rule, allowing to explore non-local communication (all-to-all qubit gates) with local control. Topological quantum computer ; Gyrator ; Physics ; Computer science ; Quantum mechanics ; Engineering ; Electronic engineering ; Quantum History and advancements in chemistry ; Quantum Mechanics and Applications
Authors: Maxime Hubert Delisle | Xiaozhen Li | Barış Can Yalçın | Miguel Olivares-Mendez | Carol Martínez
Source:  (article, 2024-08-28)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Impact Behaviour Analysis of a Passive Compliant Unit for Active Space Debris Removal The exponential growth of space debris in Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) has led Active Debris Removal (ADR) systems to be declared by space agencies as a viable solution for ensuring safe space activities. The main capturing systems are designed for large specific cooperative satellites, which leads to expensive one-to-one solutions. However, several uncooperative small debris remain in LEO. These can still be a great threat for future space missions. By integrating active and passive compliance parts, the studied concept set a closer step towards a one-to-many solution. This Hybrid-Compliant system can help dissipate the impact energy, increasing the space system’s autonomy, and consequently help capture a broader range of space debris. This paper focuses on building a program simulating the mechanical behaviour of the system’s Passive Compliant Unit (PCU) during an impact with a flat-surface debris and comparing it with experimental data. A presentation of the PCU concept, and its testing prototype, is first introduced. Then, the simulation model is presented through the equations and workflows involved. After that, an experimental testing procedure is proposed, as the generated data will finally help compare with the model. A discussion about future improvements of the model and further works concludes this paper. Space debris ; Computer science ; Debris ; Unit (ring theory) ; Space (punctuation) ; Environmental science ; Physics ; Meteorology ; Mathematics ; Operating system High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Space Satellite Systems and Control ; Structural Response to Dynamic Loads