jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Ilham Ghori | Khursheed Karim | Dima Alkawadri
Source: Proceedings of the AAAI Symposium Series (article, 2025-08-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

GenAI-Driven Image Generation Pipeline for Sustainable Garment Design and Waste Reduction in Fashion Production The fashion industry’s linear production model generates significant pre-consumer textile waste, especially during pattern cutting. In response to the environmental impact of fashion consumption, strategies such as reuse, recycling, and refashioning aim to divert textiles from landfills and promote sustainable practices. However, challenges in the textile sector—such as raw material variability and complex manufacturing—require more targeted solutions. Recent studies have identified Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a promising tool to enhance sustainability, streamline production, and enable personalised design. One such advancement is Generative AI (GenAI), which supports applications like virtual try-ons, fabric-to-garment transformations, and multimodal garment design via tools such as FashionGAN, StyleGAN, and Latent Diffusion Models. Despite these developments, current image generation methods struggle with preserving fabric detail and structural accuracy. This research proposes an image generation pipeline that accurately reflects specific fabric textures and visual attributes, offering designers greater creative control while reducing the need for physical samples—thereby minimising process waste. The system is implemented using ComfyUI and LoRA-enhanced Stable Diffusion 1.5 models to overcome limitations found in existing methods. To evaluate performance, quantitative metrics such as FID, KID, SSIM, LPIPS, and CLIP-S were used to assess visual quality, structural similarity, and semantic alignment. A qualitative comparison was also conducted to evaluate fabric texture preservation and prompt consistency across models. Among the tested models, Realistic Vision v5.1 delivered the best results across most metrics and is recommended for photorealistic applications in sustainable fashion. DreamShaper v8 excelled in preserving fabric texture, while MajicMix v5 produced stylised outputs more suitable for conceptual design stages. This study aims to empower fashion designers with a flexible and sustainable design model, to reduce waste, accelerate prototyping, and explore AI-driven innovation in digital fashion. Pipeline (software) ; Production (economics) ; Reduction (mathematics) ; Environmental science ; Waste management ; Engineering ; Economics ; Mathematics ; Mechanical engineering Textile materials and evaluations ; Color Science and Applications ; Fashion and Cultural Textiles
Authors: Somen Mondal
Source: Nanoscale Advances (article, 2025-12-08)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Carbon dots as photosensitizers: unraveling their ultrafast charge transfer, challenges, and future prospects Carbon dots (C-dots) have emerged as highly promising light-harvesting materials, particularly as photosensitizers, due to their eco-friendliness, biocompatibility, and cost-efficiency. Their adaptability as photosensitizers has garnered widespread attention, marking them as pivotal materials for future technological innovations. One of the key attributes of C-dots is their dual functionality in charge transfer, enabling them to serve as both electron donors and acceptors. This charge transfer process between C-dots and small organic molecules as quenchers plays a critical role in diverse applications such as photocatalysis, sensing, and optoelectronics. In this perspective, we have discussed the capability of C-dots in confined environments, doped C-dots, C-dots/molecular hybrids, and perovskite/C-dots composites as photosensitizers. This perspective includes the origin of fluorescence and carrier dynamics in full colour light-emitting C-dots, followed by a novel way to control the photosensitizer capability of C-dots <i>via</i> the transfer of electrons and holes in hybrids, composites, and doped C-dots, and the effects of the core and surface in the electron transfer process. The photosensitizer capability of C-dots was investigated <i>via</i> exploring the charge transfer dynamics using various advanced optical techniques like steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence and ultrafast transient absorption (TA). This perspective also focuses on understanding the ultrafast dynamics of C-dots, such as charge transfer, charge transport, and charge recombination, in various environments, composites, and hybrid systems, with an emphasis on their development as effective photosensitizers. The extensive range of reported electron donor-acceptor systems underscores the versatility of C-dots as photosensitizers, with their tuneable electronic properties tailored to address the demands of emerging technological challenges. Ultrashort pulse ; Ultrafast laser spectroscopy ; Charge (physics) ; Charge carrier ; Photoluminescence ; Electron transfer ; Electron Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications ; Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties ; Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials
Authors: Dejun Yan | Chunbei Wei | Peng Tang | Shuqi Huang | Song-sheng Lin | Qian Shi | Xiaodong Hong
Source: Molecules (article, 2025-09-10)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Effect of Pack Chromizing on Microstructure and Tribological Properties of GCr15 Bearing Steel Chromizing layers are widely employed in industrial applications due to their superior wear resistance and corrosion resistance. In this study, GCr15 bearing steel was chromized by a solid powder pack chromizing method, and the influence of chromizing time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the chromized layers was systematically investigated. The results reveal the presence of fine pores dispersed both on the surface and at the chromized layers/substrate interface. The concentration of the Cr and Fe elements displays a gradient distribution throughout the layers. The chromized layers are primarily composed of (Cr,Fe)<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> and (Cr,Fe)<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub> phases. With an increase in the chromizing time, the thickness and hardness of the chromized layers are gradually increased. A large number of radial and circumferential cracks are observed both within and around the indentation regions, accompanied by spalling at the edge. The brittleness of the chromized layer is increased, and the spalling phenomenon becomes more pronounced with prolonged chromizing time. The chromizing treatment significantly improves the tribological performance of GCr15 steel, reducing its wear rate to approximately one fifth of that of the untreated substrate. Spall ; Microstructure ; Tribology ; Bearing (navigation) ; Indentation ; Brittleness ; Layer (electronics) ; Indentation hardness Metal Alloys Wear and Properties ; Metal and Thin Film Mechanics ; Advanced materials and composites
Authors: Tianrui Zhang | Ang Li
Source:  (article, 2025-01-20)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

A Smart Caffeine Level Predicting and Analysis Solution with Sequential Machine Learning Model using Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision Caffeine is the most widely consumed stimulant globally, yet its overconsumption poses significant health risks. Traditional methods for measuring caffeine content, such as weighing coffee, can be impractical in everyday settings. This paper proposes an innovative solution that leverages artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, specifically utilizing a Sequential Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), to predict caffeine levels based on image analysis of coffee. The system processes images to determine brightness, correlating this data with caffeine concentration on a defined scale. Challenges such as dataset selection, prediction accuracy variability, and training epoch limitations were addressed through data cleaning and iterative model training. Experiments revealed that the model achieves a high accuracy rate, indicating its potential as a practical tool for consumers aiming to monitor their caffeine intake. This application not only enhances user convenience but also promotes healthier consumption practices by providing a reliable method for estimating caffeine levels visually. Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Machine learning Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Currency Recognition and Detection
Authors: Nur Ain Hannani Hamid | Tomoyuki Yoshino | Y. Yamamoto
Source: Discover Food (article, 2025-11-07)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Oxidative stability of fenugreek oil under different refining conditions The oxidation behavior of fenugreek oil (FO) extracted from fenugreek seeds under different refining conditions were evaluated and compared with perilla oil (PO). Chemical characteristics and three oxidation tests were conducted: unrefined oils (Oxidation Test I; 35 °C), oils refined with activated carbon (Oxidation Test II; 20 °C), and oils refined with both activated carbon and silica gel (Oxidation Test III; 20 °C). Peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were analyzed in all tests, while tocopherol (Toc) content was assessed in Test I. FO contained a high level of α-tocopherol (α-Toc; 1784.9 ± 27.7 ppm) and exhibited strong radical scavenging activity (80.3 ± 0.4%). Despite its moderate α-linolenic acid (ALA; 26.6 ± 0.1%) and higher total Toc (1807.0 ± 27.6 ppm) compared to PO, FO showed lower oxidative stability in Oxidation Test I and II, likely due to the prooxidant effects of excessive α-Toc and residual prooxidants. Minor component analyses revealed that PO initially contained higher free fatty acid levels, whereas FO exhibited greater amounts of pigments and phospholipids. Only after double refining did FO exhibit greater oxidative stability than PO (Oxidation Test III), suggesting that additional factors may contribute to its oxidation. These findings suggest that the oxidative stability of FO is influenced not only by its fatty acid composition but also by interactions with other prooxidants. Although the specific effects of α-Toc concentration and oxidation kinetics parameters were not fully explored, this study highlights the importance of refining strategies in stabilizing FO as a potential ALA-rich edible oil. Further sensory evaluations are recommended to support its broader application. Peroxide value ; Refining (metallurgy) ; TBARS ; Thiobarbituric acid ; Antioxidant ; Fatty acid ; Oxidative phosphorylation ; Tocopherol Edible Oils Quality and Analysis ; Nuts composition and effects ; Food Chemistry and Fat Analysis
Authors: Hui Wang | Lihong Su | E. Bagherpour | Qiang Xing
Source: Crystals (article, 2025-07-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Characterization and Modelling of the Deformation and Failure of Engineering Metallic Materials Metallic materials are at the heart of modern industry and infrastructure, valued for their outstanding strength, ductility, and other excellent mechanical properties [...] Characterization (materials science) ; Deformation (meteorology) ; Materials science ; Forensic engineering ; Geology ; Engineering ; Composite material ; Nanotechnology Microstructure and mechanical properties ; High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Metallurgy and Material Forming
Authors: Aiden Stanciu | Teodor Rusu | Alin Cristian Teușdea | O. Mintaş | M. Cărbunar | Cristian Oneț
Source: TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY (article, 2025-04-21)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Digital image processing in determining the degree of turnip yellows virus infection in oilseed rape In agricultural crops, leaves play crucial roles in plant physiology, providing information on both the quantity and quality of future production. They also serve as indicators for diagnosing foliar diseases. Detecting plant diseases through image reading and computer vision in a specific format allows for both quantitative and qualitative studies, which is a key step in diagnosing diseases using images of leaves exhibiting symptoms specific to a pathogen. In this study, we present an approach that integrates digital image processing to assess the extent of turnip yellows virus (genus Polerovirus, family Solemoviridae) infection in oilseed rape. This study focuses on the early detection and classification of the pathogen, as well as the identification of leaf surfaces affected by the turnip yellows virus. This allows for the evaluation of the severity of the infection and its impact on plant productivity together with the development of a pathogen control strategy that will benefit agricultural farmers. Thus, this experiment serves as a benchmark for future research in this field. The results show that the proposed method, based on color parameters in the L*a*b* color space and Lp-norms, accurately classifies the severity of viral attacks, enabling the precise evaluation of crop health. This method can be applied in real-time crop health monitoring, scientific research to assess the effectiveness of phytosanitary treatments, the testing of disease resistance, and targeted intervention strategies. It will help reduce crop losses and support sustainable agricultural practices. Degree (music) ; Biology ; Virus ; Virology ; Botany ; Physics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
Source: International Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Allied Sciences (article, 2025-04-30)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

LIPOSOMES AS SMART NANOCARRIERS FOR DELIVERY OF POTENT DRUGS Liposomes have wide range of applications in pharmaceutical and biotechnology.To eliminate the adverse effects associated with conventional treatments, smart nanostructured materials can deliver medications to the intended site with reduced dosage frequency and in a (spatial/temporal) controlled manner.Topical therapy in dermatology has improved due to liposomal carriers' ability to deliver active agents to the skin.The motivation behind interest in these carriers is their capacity to transport different biological materials to different cell types and to enclose them.These benefits include reduced risk of toxicity and side effects (because of the high topical concentrations of drugs); longer retention of high drug loads at the site of action and controlled drug release, guaranteeing prolonged therapeutic effect; and enhanced protection of drugs from potentially harsh environments at the site of action.They specifically enable overcoming the most important problems with conventional pharmaceutical therapies, including nonspecific distribution, fast clearance, unpredictable drug release, and inadequate bioavailability.Liposomes are nanoparticle drug-delivery systems that can release the drug in response to particular physiological signals, at the right time, and at the right target place.Smart nanoparticles are those that combine all two delivery methods: targeting that is passive targeting and active targeting.In this review paper applications of liposomes are specified and also their role as smart nanoparticles is clearly defined. Nanocarriers ; Liposome ; Drug delivery ; Nanotechnology ; Pharmacology ; Chemistry ; Medicine ; Materials science Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Gergely Csézi | Tamás Tábi
Source: Advances in Polymer Technology (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Uniaxially Oriented and Heat‐Treated Poly(Lactic Acid)/Poly(Butylene Adipate‐Co‐Terephthalate) Blends This paper investigates the effect of poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) on the mechanical and morphological properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) when the PLA is blended with 10%, 20%, and 30% PBAT and subjected to different draw ratios (DRs), followed by annealing at a fixed length. Results indicate that PBAT functions more as a strengthening agent than a toughening agent when the blend is drawn. Furthermore, both undrawn and most drawn samples exhibit higher crystallinity and lower cold crystallization temperatures ( T cc ) (in proportion to PBAT ratio) compared to the unblended material, with crystallinity equilibrating at the highest measured draw ratio (DR) of 4, as determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The crystallinity of the annealed samples equilibrates at 45%–47%, demonstrating the effectiveness of heat treatment at the cold crystallization temperatures of the samples, as measured by DSC, which decreases with increasing DR. However, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) results show that heat treatment at the original T cc , specific to the undrawn PLA, results in higher crystal orientation. Adipate ; Materials science ; Lactic acid ; Composite material ; Morphology (biology) ; Chemical engineering ; Polymer chemistry ; Bacteria biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties ; Microplastics and Plastic Pollution ; Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
Authors: Surendra Hangsarumba | Kishori Sharan Yadav | Suresh Prasad Gupta | Samaresh Das | Saddam Husain Dhobi
Source: Patan Pragya (article, 2025-06-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Laser-Scatter Analysis of Micro Particles in Carbon Quantum Dot Suspensions Using Droplet Ball-Lenses Laser assisted optical microscopy of the carbon quantum dot (CQD) droplets is a new type tool to image micro- and nano-size structures in high resolution. The ball-lens method from which we sensed the size of objects that were encapsulated inside a hemispherical CQD droplet was also used for characterizing optical functionality of the CQD droplets as micro-lenses and their performance to detect particles at microscopic scale in suspended nano particles. Green light at 532 nm was focused by hemispherical CQD droplets (diameter 0.003 m) and magnified images were generated on a screened positioned 0.74 m away. The results of FTIR and XRD analyses corroborated the heterogeneous nature of CQDs that contain oxygenated, nitrogenated and aromatic domains resulting strong photo stability and optical responsiveness. The average image size of the 17 measurements is 0.01756 m in diameter, which corresponds to an estimated object size of about 75.310-6 m; optical features such as these most probably correspond to clusters of CQDs or residual impurities rather than individual nano particles and suggest that our approach may be sensitive to micro-scale entities. The limitation is that it cannot distinguish individual quantum dots, and nonspecific droplet-induced distortions can lead to aberrations. The innovation for our method is the facile and low-cost implementation of CQD droplets as micro impurity magnifying glasses, which provides valuable perspectives in material characterization and quality control. Quantum dot ; Nanometre ; Impurity ; Optical microscope ; Particle size ; Characterization (materials science) ; Carbon fibers ; Nanoparticle Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications ; Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation ; Electrohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Felix Krämer | Pascal Weisenburger | Israel Fernández | Frank Breher
Source: European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry (article, 2025-04-07)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Stabilities and Limitations in the Reactivity of Phosphorus Ylide‐Based Aluminum– and Gallium–Carbon Ambiphiles: A Combined Experimental and Computational Approach The unexpected reactivity and stability limits of phosphorus ylide‐based aluminum– and gallium–carbon ambiphiles are described. While the previously published t ‐butyl‐substituted compound (2‐{Al t Bu 2 }‐C 6 H 4 )Ph 2 PCMe 2 ( 1 tBu ) reacts reversibly with NH 3 at room temperature (RT) with cleavage of a NH bond, the reaction with MeNH 2 is much less favorable and proceeds irreversibly only at 90 °C. All other title compounds 1 R with R = Me, Et, Mes, and C 6 F 5 decompose in the presence of NH 3 . The decomposition of 1 Et in the presence of ammonia can be well followed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. All title compounds remain stable in the presence of t ‐BuNH 2 and Et 2 NH. In addition, an unexpected reactivity is found in the reaction of 1 R and the gallium analogues 2 R with isocyanates. Instead of yielding the expected ring‐expansion products, the title compounds catalyze the trimerization of isocyanates. Also the reactivity toward MeOH and H 2 O is presented. Quantum chemical calculations show that activation of the OH bonds should be feasible at RT. Experimental findings, however, only show the decomposition of 1 tBu in the corresponding reactions. Nevertheless, the cleavage of the OH bond is feasible and affords the activation products 7 and 8 starting from the ammonia activation product 3 . Chemistry ; Gallium ; Reactivity (psychology) ; Ylide ; Phosphorus ; Aluminium ; Carbon fibers ; Inorganic chemistry ; Environmental chemistry ; Organic chemistry Phosphorus compounds and reactions ; Organophosphorus compounds synthesis ; Synthesis and Reactivity of Heterocycles
Authors: Anita Dwi Puspitasari | Maria Ulfah | Indah Hartati | Rissa Laila Vifta | Faris Hermawan | Munifilia Ekasari | Lala Adetia Marlina
Source: Indonesian Journal of Chemistry (article, 2025-10-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Chlorochalcones: An Integrated Computational and Experimental Study Chlorochalcone derivatives (chalcones 1–3) were synthesized using ultrasound-assisted Claisen-Schmidt condensation, yielding &gt; 80%. Antioxidant activity was evaluated through DPPH and ABTS assays, demonstrating strong activity with IC50 values ranging from 61.52 ± 0.97 to 98.27 ± 1.42 ppm. Chalcones 1 and 2 show SPF potential at 40 ppm and chalcone 3 at 20 ppm (SPF 19.47 ± 0.46). ADMET analysis using the pkCSM tool confirmed favorable pharmacokinetic profiles and low toxicity, supporting their safety for potential applications. Additionally, density functional theory calculations provided more profound insights into molecular stability and reactivity, including electronic properties such as HOMO-LUMO gaps, further corroborating their pharmacological efficacy. These results collectively indicate that chalcones 1–3 exhibit potent antioxidant activity, adequate UV protection, and promising pharmacokinetic properties. Integrating in vitro, in silico, and DFT analyses underscores their potential as multifunctional compounds for antioxidant and sunscreen applications. DPPH ; Antioxidant ; ABTS ; Density functional theory ; Chalcone ; Scavenging ; Pharmacokinetics Free Radicals and Antioxidants
Authors: Nahal Hadi | Faheem Ahmed Qaid Mohammed | Jawad H. Shoqeir
Source: International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive (article, 2025-09-26)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Nano Polymers: Emerging Materials for Advanced Biomedical, Environmental and Industrial Applications Nano polymers represent a rapidly evolving class of nano materials that combine the versatility of polymers with the unique features of nano scale systems Due to their small size, high surface-to-volume ratio, and tunable chemical functionality, nano polymers have attracted increasing attention in biomedical, environmental, and industrial applications Recent advances in synthesis and characterization techniques have enabled the fabrication of diverse nano polymeric structures, including nanoparticles, dendrimers, nanogels, and micelles These materials have demonstrated great potential in drug delivery, tissue engineering, water purification, and smart coatings. However, issues related to large-scale production, long-term stability, and biocompatibility remain challenges to overcome. This review highlights the classification, synthesis routes, physicochemical properties, major applications, current limitations, and future perspectives of nano polymers, emphasizing their role as promising candidates in next-generation materials science Nano- ; Characterization (materials science) ; Biocompatibility ; Polymer ; Nanoscopic scale Dendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers