jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Antomi Saregar | Sunyono Sunyono | I Wayan Distrik | Nurhanurawati Nurhanurawati | Сергій Шаров
Source: Journal of Studies in Science and Engineering (article, 2024-06-30)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Teaching and Learning Optics: A Bibliometric Analysis with a Detailed Future Insight Overview Optics research has recently proven important for scientific, educational, and industrial applications. This study examines the increase and distribution of literature on learning and teaching optics. This analytical strategy uses quantitative and statistical methods to identify trends, evaluate quality, and monitor progress. From the 530 documents obtained using the Scopus database between 1944 and 2023, 464 were chosen. With a total of 49 documents, 2014 had the greatest substantial increase in the number of documents since 1944 till this data was collected. Writers from the United States contributed to 115 documents with 36% citations. They ranked first, followed by authors from Germany (37 documents and 12% citations) and China (36 documents), with citation rankings just below the top 10. Most publications appeared in Physics Education (15 documents; Q2 SJR 0.41). The International Journal of Science Education received the most citations for publications on teaching and learning optics (159 citations; Q1 SJR 1.15) and was ranked 1 in its category. The current core literature on teaching and learning optics shows that this area is quickly evolving but with insufficient international research collaboration. Research collaboration in this field must be strengthened to improve the worldwide response to teaching and learning optics. There is a need to broaden the scope of study regarding assessment instruments, technological engineering, learning approaches, learning methods, learning strategies, and learning media within the context of teaching and learning optics from elementary school to the university level. Computer science ; Data science Various Chemistry Research Topics ; Science Education and Pedagogy ; Experimental and Theoretical Physics Studies
Authors: Nawel Moussa | Sarra Bourahla | Halima Delali | Fadela Nemchi | Mostefa Belhakem
Source: STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND EXACT SCIENCES (article, 2024-12-02)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Relationship between the octane number and the chemical composition of gasoline: study by FTIR spectroscopy The oil refining process undergoes various heat treatments, during which several cuts are obtained, including cuts of gasoline of different chemical composition. Determination of physicochemical properties is essential for our fuel classification. In the present study and by exploiting a rarely used spectroscopic method in the field of production and characterization of fuels, FTIR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (a method characterized by its reliability and speed), we identified a correlation between the molecular composition of the fuel (translated by chemical number) and its octane number NO (a quite important parameter for species classification). The results of AR1 aromaticity index show a strong linear relationship between the latter and its NO octane number. In addition, NO also occurs in many modes depending on two indicators DOC (degree of condensation) and AR1. Indeed, the ACL aliphatic chain length index varies depending on the quality of the fuel and precisely on the subsequent fuel production process. Furthermore, this method illustrates the molecular composition of the fuel, the correlation determined between the chemical indices and the octane number offering the possibility of predicting this physico-chemical parameter. Gasoline ; Octane rating ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Chemical composition ; Chemistry ; Octane ; Condensation ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Composition (language) ; Spectroscopy ; Organic chemistry ; Chemical engineering ; Thermodynamics ; Physics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Chemical Thermodynamics and Molecular Structure
Authors: Jielun Chen | Garnet Kin‐Lic Chan
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-11-01)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Quantum linear algebra for disordered electrons We describe how to use quantum linear algebra to simulate a physically realistic model of disordered non-interacting electrons. The physics of disordered electrons outside of one dimension challenges classical computation due to the critical nature of the Anderson localization transition or the presence of large localization lengths, while the atypical distribution of the local density of states limits the power of disorder averaged approaches. Starting from the block-encoding of a disordered non-interacting Hamiltonian, we describe how to simulate key physical quantities, including the reduced density matrix, Green's function, and local density of states, as well as bulk-averaged observables such as the linear conductivity, using the quantum singular value transformation, quantum amplitude estimation, and trace estimation. We further discuss a quantum advantage that scales polynomially with system size and exponentially with lattice dimension. Electron ; Quantum ; Physics ; Algebra over a field ; Quantum mechanics ; Theoretical physics ; Mathematics ; Pure mathematics Advanced Physical and Chemical Molecular Interactions ; Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture ; Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
Authors: Matthew Nutter | James R. Kermode | Albert P. Bartók
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-06-12)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Kink-Helium Interactions in Tungsten: Opposing Effects of Assisted Nucleation and Hindered Migration Point defects such as interstitial atoms are known to be attracted to screw dislocations. Understanding these interaction mechanisms is key to predicting the plasticity of real materials. Using a potential derived from ab initio calculations of helium in tungsten, we find that the binding of a helium atom to dislocation kinks is significantly more favorable than to a straight dislocation. This preference directly translates to a reduction in the kink pair nucleation energy, provided that the mechanism proceeds through a helium-stabilised kink. It is lowered from 1.64 eV (in the pure metal) to 0.51 eV when helium binds to the right kink. However, binding also has a competing effect whereby the kinks are unable to migrate. This hindering aspect becomes more relevant as the helium concentration increases. Nucleation ; Tungsten ; Helium ; Materials science ; Chemical physics ; Chemistry ; Atomic physics ; Thermodynamics ; Physics ; Metallurgy Fusion materials and technologies ; Advanced materials and composites ; Rare-earth and actinide compounds
Authors: Saleh Alfawaz | Ibrahim N. Alquaydheb | Amirreza Ghadimi Avval | Sara Ghayouraneh | Samir El‐Ghazaly | Jianhong Zhou | Yuchun Du
Source: IEEE Access (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Enhancing Microwave Disinfection: Impact of Sodium Chloride on Microbial Inactivation This study explores the role of sodium chloride (NaCl) in enhancing the efficiency of microbial inactivation using microwave energy with two distinct methods: temperature-controlled treatment and predefined cycle. The primary objective is to maintain a stable temperature within the biological samples during treatment. Detailed descriptions of the treatment system's design and the function of each element are provided. Simulations are conducted to illustrate the heating behavior of liquids with and without NaCl, revealing significant differences in temperature profiles between the two media. The experimental design and the objective behind each iteration are discussed. The experimental design includes three different power levels to assess their impact on disinfection rates, with durations determined based on extensive preliminary experiments to identify the most effective combinations for microorganism elimination. The experiments aim to compare the efficiency of the temperature-controlled method and the predefined cycle in maintaining desired temperature ranges and enhancing microbial inactivation. A key aspect of the study is the significance of exposure time in temperature-controlled runs. It is observed that exposure time critically influences the inactivation performance, necessitating the design of predefined cycles to achieve more consistent and efficient microbial inactivation. Additionally, in this investigation, the system effectively disinfects three types of microorganisms: bacteria, viruses, and yeasts. The study also examines treatments across three different media to understand the influence of NaCl presence on microbial inactivation efficiency. These insights emphasize the critical importance of optimizing exposure time and incorporating NaCl in microwave-based disinfection processes to achieve more effective microbial inactivation. Sodium ; Microwave ; Chemistry ; Computer science ; Telecommunications Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Applications
Authors: GuangYuan Bai | Cunlei Bian | L Wang
Source: Industry science and engineering. (article, 2024-11-01)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

Application of Biomass Adhesives in Interior Home Furnishing Engineering In recent years, as environmental concerns have surged, biomass adhesives have increasingly captured the spotlight as a promising substitute for traditional petrochemical-based adhesives. These adhesives, sourced from naturally renewable materials, not only emit minimal levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) but also possess the remarkable quality of being biodegradable.This paper focuses on exploring the typical applications of biomass adhesives in areas such as flooring installation, wall decoration, furniture manufacturing, and soft furnishing materials. It summarizes existing challenges, including performance deficiencies, relatively high costs, and limited market recognition, while proposing strategies to address these issues through technological advancements, policy support, and market promotion. By leveraging molecular design, optimizing production processes, and developing multifunctional features, the performance of biomass adhesives can be significantly enhanced. Furthermore, policy incentives and consumer education can buttress broaden their market adoption, positioning biomass adhesives as a pivotal component in green home decoration and sustainable development. Adhesive ; Biomass (ecology) ; Architectural engineering ; Engineering ; Construction engineering ; Civil engineering ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Ecology ; Biology Material Properties and Applications
Authors: Yalong Yu | Bo Xiong | Siqi Wu | Yekai Ren | Nuo Chen | Qingjiao Mi | Kangping Lou | Rui Wang | Tao Chu
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-07-07)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Stable room-temperature multiferroic skyrmions in lithium niobate with enhanced Pockels effect Lithium Niobate (LN) is a ferroelectric material with exceptional electrical characteristics, including high piezoelectricity, high Pockels effect, etc. These properties make it a promising platform for numerous fields such as high-speed communication, optical computation, and quantum information processing. Besides these, the introduction of magnetic structures to LN holds significant potential to achieve magnetoelectric coupling, which can be applied in magnetic memory and data-processing devices with high efficiency. Here, for the first time, we observe a special topological magnetic structure called magnetic skyrmion in LN (SK-LN) by the combination of magnetic field annealing and rapid annealing processes . Compared to the magnetic skyrmions reported in magnetic systems, SK-LN exhibit exceptionally high stability. Additionally, the center of the magnetic vortex exhibits spontaneous ferroelectric polarization, indicating its multiferroic characteristic. With the excitation of these multiferroic skyrmions, the modulation efficiency of the electro-optical (EO) modulator fabricated on thin film lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) wafer was found to be enhanced from 1.98 V*cm to 0.63 V*cm. It is considered that the multiferroic skyrmions significantly enhance the Pockels coefficient of LN to 101 pm/V, nearly three times the result (32pm/V) reported previously. Multiferroics ; Lithium niobate ; Materials science ; Lithium (medication) ; Skyrmion ; Condensed matter physics ; Optoelectronics ; Ferroelectricity ; Physics ; Medicine Multiferroics and related materials ; Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials
Authors: Kyle R. Dorman | Nathan Bianco | Rishabh Kothari | Matias Kalaswad | Catherine Sobczak | Saaketh Desai | Joyce Custer | Sadhvikas Addamane | Manish Jain | Alejandro Hinojos | Frank W. DelRio‬ | Brad Boyce | Rémi Dingreville | David P. Adams
Source:  (article, 2024-05-01)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Combinatorial synthesis and high-throughput characterization of Cu-Ag and Ni-Pt thin films fabricated by confocal magnetron sputter deposition Resistivity (nm)Hardness (GPa) Sputter deposition ; Characterization (materials science) ; Throughput ; Materials science ; Deposition (geology) ; Thin film ; Combinatorial synthesis ; Cavity magnetron ; Confocal ; Optoelectronics ; Sputtering ; Nanotechnology ; Computer science ; Chemistry ; Optics ; Physics ; Combinatorial chemistry ; Telecommunications ; Wireless ; Biology Copper Interconnects and Reliability ; Surface and Thin Film Phenomena ; nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
Authors: Nayana Freire de Almeida Fontes | Mário Fernandes | Noelia González-Ballesteros | M.C. Rodríguez-Argüelles | Andreia C. Gomes | Antoniella Souza Gomes Duarte
Source: Antioxidants (article, 2024-07-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Green-Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles and Ericaria selaginoides Extract for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Addressing disease remission and treatment adherence in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), such as Crohn's disease, poses significant challenges due to underlying oxidative and inflammatory processes. Nanotechnology emerges as a promising avenue for enhancing therapeutic outcomes in IBD by optimizing drug bioactivity, reducing toxicity, and extending circulation time. Gold nanoparticles, known for their resistance to gastrointestinal pH and possessing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, offer particular promise. They can be produced by green synthesis with seaweed <i>Ericaria selaginoides</i> (ES), itself associated with gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. In a murine model of Crohn's disease induced with 8% acetic acid, pretreatment with dexamethasone (0.2 mL/30 g) or Au@ES (25 and 50 mg/kg) effectively mitigated inflammatory features. Notably, ES (50 mg/kg) and Au@ES (50 mg/kg) administration resulted in significant reductions in both macroscopic and microscopic inflammation scores compared to the disease control group. Furthermore, these treatments normalized inflammatory cytokine expression while safeguarding myenteric plexus glial cells. They also impeded neutrophil activation, leading to reduced myeloperoxidase activity and lipid peroxidation, coupled with increased glutathione levels. In conclusion, ES and Au@ES exhibit potent efficacy in counteracting inflammation and oxidation processes in an experimental Crohn's disease model, suggesting their potential as alternative therapeutic strategies for IBD. Inflammatory bowel disease ; Disease ; Medicine ; Colloidal gold ; Crohn's disease ; Drug ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Ulcerative colitis ; Pharmacology ; Nanotechnology ; Nanoparticle ; Internal medicine ; Materials science Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Moringa oleifera research and applications ; Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis
Authors: Araki Wakiuchi | Swarit Jasial | Shigehito Asano | Ryo Hashizume | Miho Hatanaka | Yu‐ya Ohnishi | Takamitsu Matsubara | Hiroharu Ajiro | Tetsunori Sugawara | Mikiya Fujii | Tomoyuki Miyao
Source: MRS Communications (article, 2024-05-20)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Multiple comonomer concentrations prediction from FTIR spectra with quantum chemistry-based interpretation Comonomer ; Methyl methacrylate ; Styrene ; Materials science ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Methacrylate ; Spectral line ; Monomer ; Interpretation (philosophy) ; Fourier transform ; Copolymer ; Quantum chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Computer science ; Molecule ; Optics ; Chemistry ; Physics ; Organic chemistry ; Quantum mechanics ; Polymer Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research ; Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Authors: Soo‐Yeon Hwang | Kyung‐Hwa Jeon | Hwa-Jong Lee | Inhye Moon | Sehyun Jung | Seul-Ah Kim | Hyunji Jo | Seojeong Park | Misun Ahn | Soo-Yeon Kwak | Younghwa Na | Youngjoo Kwon
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2024-03-05)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Synthesis and Biological Assessment of Chalcone and Pyrazoline Derivatives as Novel Inhibitor for ELF3-MED23 Interaction Abstract HER2 overexpression significantly contributes to the aggressive nature and recurrent patterns observed in various solid tumors, notably gastric cancers. Trastuzumab, HER2-targeting monoclonal antibody drug, has shown considerable clinical success, however, readily emerging drug resistance emphasizes the pressing need for improved interventions in HER2-overexpressing cancers. To address this, we proposed targeting the protein-protein interaction (PPI) between ELF3 and MED23 as an alternative therapeutic approach to trastuzumab. In this study, we synthesized a total of 26 compounds consisting of 10 chalcones, 7 pyrazoline acetyl, and 9 pyrazoline propionyl derivatives, and evaluated their biological activity as potential ELF3-MED23 PPI inhibitors. Upon systematic analysis, candidate compound 10 was selected due to its potency in downregulating reporter gene activity of ERBB2 promoter confirmed by SEAP activity and its effect on HER2 protein and mRNA levels. Compound 10 effectively disrupted the binding interface between the ELF3 TAD domain and the 391-582 amino acid region of MED23, resulting in successful inhibition of the ELF3-MED23 PPI. This intervention led to a substantial reduction in HER2 levels and its downstream signals in the HER2-positive gastric cancer cell line. Subsequently, compound 10 induced significant apoptosis and anti-proliferative effects, demonstrating superior in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity overall. We found that the anticancer activity of compound 10 was not only restricted to trastuzumab-sensitive cases, but was also valid for trastuzumab-refractory clones. This suggests its potential as a viable therapeutic option for trastuzumab-resistant gastric cancers. In summary, compound 10 could be a novel alternative therapeutic strategy for HER2-overexpressing cancers, overcoming the limitations of trastuzumab. Chalcone ; Pyrazoline ; Chemistry ; Combinatorial chemistry ; Stereochemistry ; Organic chemistry Click Chemistry and Applications ; Synthesis and Biological Evaluation ; Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
Authors: Daan B Boltje | Radim Skoupý | Clémence Taisne | Wiel H. Evers | Arjen J. Jakobi | Jacob P. Hoogenboom
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2024-07-08)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Thickness and quality controlled fabrication of fluorescence-targeted frozen-hydrated lamellae Abstract Cryogenic focused ion beam (FIB) milling is essential for fabricating thin lamella-shaped samples out of frozen-hydrated cells for high-resolution structure determination. Structural information can only be resolved at high resolution if the lamella thickness is between 100 and 200 nm. While the lamella fabrication workflow has undergone significant improvements since its conception, quantitative, live feedback on lamella thickness and quality is still lacking. Taking advantage of a coincident light microscopy integrated into the FIB-SEM, we present three different strategies that together allow accurate, live control during lamella fabrication. First, we combine 4D-STEM with fluorescence microscope (FM) targeting to determine the lamella thickness. Second, with reflected light microscopy (RLM) we screen target sites for ice contamination and monitor lamella thickness and integrity of the protective Pt coating during FIB milling. Third, we exploit thin-film interference to obtain fine-grained feedback on thickness uniformity below 500 nm. We finally present a full workflow for fluorescence-targeted and quality controlled fabrication of frozen-hydrated lamellae, benchmarked with excellent agreement to energy filtered transmision electron microscopy (EFTEM) measurements and reconstructed tomograms obtained with electron cryo-tomography. Fabrication ; Fluorescence ; Quality (philosophy) ; Materials science ; Nanotechnology ; Optics ; Physics ; Medicine Aerogels and thermal insulation
Authors: Janina Bahnemann | Kayan Awawdeh | Marc Buttkewitz | Ester Segal
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2024-04-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Enhancing porous silicon biosensors performance: the interplay of nanostructure design and microfluidic integration Abstract In this article, we investigate mass transfer acceleration approaches aimed at enhancing the performance of porous silicon (PSi)-based biosensors. PSi biosensors tend to suffer from relatively poor sensitivity due to mass transfer limitations, which can be attributed to several factors including the bulk diffusion of the target in the solution toward the biosensor surface, the hindered diffusion within the porous layer, and simultaneous reaction with the immobilized capture probe molecules. This study considers the impact of different PSi structural characteristics (such as the pore diameter, porous layer thickness, and the capture probe density) on the overall performance of such sensors. Additionally, we look at the effect of incorporating convection on the performance of PSi biosensors, via their integration into sophisticated 3D-printed microfluidic platforms. The proposed 3D-printed microfluidic designs include micromixer components that can be deployed for both passive and active mixing to achieve superior sensitivity. We show that tuning the PSi biosensor characteristics improve performance significantly – achieving a calculated limit of detection (LOD) of 50 nM, which is &gt; 1 order of magnitude lower than the achieved in similar previously developed biosensors. Furthermore, the integration of PSi with the different microfluidic systems can indeed improve the sensitivity of the aptasensor, and the LOD can be reduced by &gt; 1 order of magnitude. Nanotechnology ; Nanostructure ; Microfluidics ; Porous silicon ; Materials science ; Biosensor ; Silicon ; Porosity ; Optoelectronics Silicon Nanostructures and Photoluminescence ; Nanowire Synthesis and Applications ; Analytical Chemistry and Sensors