jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Samuel Ranti Oke | Gabriel Seun Ogunwande | Moshood Onifade | Emmanuel Omosegunfunmi Aikulola | Esther Dolapo Adewale | Olumide Emmanuel Olawale | Babapelumi Ebun Ayodele | Fredrick Madaraka Mwema | Japheth Obiko | Michael Oluwatosin Bodunrin
Source: Manufacturing Review (article, 2020-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

An overview of conventional and non-conventional techniques for machining of titanium alloys Machining is one of the major contributors to the high cost of titanium-based components. This is as a result of severe tool wear and high volume of waste generated from the workpiece. Research efforts seeking to reduce the cost of titanium alloys have explored the possibility of either eliminating machining as a processing step or optimising parameters for machining titanium alloys. Since the former is still at the infant stage, this article provides a review on the common machining techniques that were used for processing titanium-based components. These techniques are classified into two major categories based on the type of contact between the titanium workpiece and the tool. The two categories were dubbed conventional and non-conventional machining techniques. Most of the parameters that are associated with these techniques and their corresponding machinability indicators were presented. The common machinability indicators that are covered in this review include surface roughness, cutting forces, tool wear rate, chip formation and material removal rate. However, surface roughness, tool wear rate and metal removal rate were emphasised. The critical or optimum combination of parameters for achieving improved machinability was also highlighted. Some recommendations on future research directions are made. Machinability ; Machining ; Titanium ; Titanium alloy ; Materials science ; Surface roughness ; Tool wear ; Metallurgy ; Surface finish ; Mechanical engineering ; Composite material ; Engineering Titanium Alloys Microstructure and Properties ; Advanced Machining and Optimization Techniques ; Advanced machining processes and optimization
Authors: Yuan Zhong | Mao Xia | Zhi Chen | Peixin Gao | H.T. Hintzen | Wai‐Yeung Wong | Jing Wang | Zhi Zhou
Source: iScience (article, 2020-02-08)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Pyrophosphate Phosphor Solid Solution with High Quantum Efficiency and Thermal Stability for Efficient LED Lighting Phosphors with high quantum efficiency and thermal stability are greatly desired for lighting industries. Based on the design strategy of solid solution, a series of deep-blue-emitting phosphors (Sr<sub>0.99-x</sub>Ba<sub>x</sub>)<sub>2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>:0.02Eu<sup>2+</sup> (SB<sub>x</sub>PE x = 0-0.5) are developed. Upon excitation at 350 nm, the optimized SB<sub>0.3</sub>PE phosphor shows a relatively narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM = 32.7 nm) peaking at 420 nm, which matches well with the plant absorption in blue region. Moreover, this phosphor exhibits obvious enhancement of internal quantum efficiency (IQE) (from 74% to 100%) and thermal stability (from 88% to 108% of peak intensity and from 99% to 124% of integrated area intensity at 150°C) compared with the pristine one. The white LED devices using SB<sub>0.3</sub>PE as deep-blue-emitting component show good electronic properties, indicating that SB<sub>0.3</sub>PE is promising to be used in plant growth lighting, white LEDs, and other photoelectric applications. Phosphor ; Quantum efficiency ; Thermal stability ; Materials science ; Full width at half maximum ; Light-emitting diode ; Optoelectronics ; Photoelectric effect ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Excitation ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Optics ; Chemistry ; Composite material ; Physics Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials ; Perovskite Materials and Applications ; Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction
Authors: Tao Hu | Yan Gao | Xiaohong Ji | Zhiguo Xia | Qinyuan Zhang
Source: Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers (article, 2020-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Thermal quenching properties of narrow-band blue-emitting MBe<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup>(M = Ca, Sr) phosphors towards backlight display applications Narrow-band blue-emitting MBe<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup>(M = Ca, Sr) phosphors were developed<italic>via</italic>selection of an ordered host with confined doping sites. Phosphor ; Doping ; Quenching (fluorescence) ; Materials science ; Backlight ; Photoluminescence ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Mineralogy ; Crystallography ; Chemistry ; Optoelectronics ; Physics ; Optics ; Fluorescence Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials ; Microwave Dielectric Ceramics Synthesis ; Inorganic Chemistry and Materials
Authors: Martin Franckié | Jérôme Faist
Source: Physical Review Applied (article, 2020-03-10)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Bayesian Optimization of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers We use Bayesian optimization algorithms in combination with a nonequilibrium Green's function transport model to increase the maximum operating temperature of terahertz quantum cascade lasers. This procedure lead to the recent temperature record of 210 K in terahertz quantum cascade lasers, and here we provide even-further-improved structures. The Bayesian optimization algorithm, which takes into account all the available history of the optimization, converges much faster and more securely than the commonly used genetic algorithm. Designs based on two and three wells per period are considered, and using the large amount of data generated, we systematically evaluate the studied schemes in terms of optimal extraction energy and relevance of electron-electron correlations. This analysis shows that the two-well scheme is superior for reaching high operating temperatures, while the three-well scheme is more robust to variations in layer thicknesses. Furthermore, we study the sensitivity to flux-rate fluctuations during growth and simulation-model inaccuracies, showing the period thickness needs to be controlled to within a few percent, which is challenging but achievable with present-day molecular-beam epitaxy. These limits to the growth accuracy can be a guiding principle for experimentalists, along with the suggestion to fabricate devices across the wafer radius so as to find the optimal period thickness. Terahertz radiation ; Cascade ; Bayesian optimization ; Molecular beam epitaxy ; Wafer ; Quantum cascade laser ; Sensitivity (control systems) ; Optoelectronics ; Quantum ; Computer science ; Materials science ; Physics ; Statistical physics ; Optics ; Computational physics ; Nanotechnology ; Electronic engineering ; Layer (electronics) ; Quantum mechanics ; Chemistry Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Atmospheric Ozone and Climate ; Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
Authors: Lin Zhu | Xiaolong Tian | Yiren Pan | Tianhao Chang | Kongshuo Wang | Guangzhi Niu | Luqi Zhang | Chuansheng Wang | Wenwen Han
Source: Polymers (article, 2020-02-11)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Optimization of Serial Modular Continuous Mixing Process Parameters for Natural Rubber Composites Reinforced by Silica/Carbon Black In the tire industry, the combination of carbon black and silica is commonly utilized to improve the comprehensive performance of natural rubber so as to realize the best performance and cost-effectiveness. The corresponding mixing is divided into three processes (initial mixing, delivery, reactive mixing) by the serial modular continuous mixing method, thus achieving more accurate control of the mixing process, higher production efficiency and better performance. Moreover, the optimization of serial modular continuous mixing process parameters can not only improve the performance of composite materials, but help people understand the physical and chemical changes and the reinforcing mechanism of fillers in the mixing process. In this paper, the relationship among the parameters of eight processes and filler network structure, tensile strength, chemical reinforcing effect and tear resistance was explored through experiments. The deep causes of performance changes caused by parameters were analyzed. Consequently, the best process condition and the ranking of the influencing factors for a certain performance was obtained. Furthermore, the best preparation process of natural rubber (NR)/carbon black/silica composite was achieved through comprehensive analysis. Mixing (physics) ; Natural rubber ; Materials science ; Carbon black ; Composite material ; Composite number ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Filler (materials) ; Tear resistance ; Modular design ; Process (computing) ; Process engineering ; Computer science ; Engineering Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties ; Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
Authors: Christopher T. Nelson | Rama K. Vasudevan | Xiaohang Zhang | Maxim Ziatdinov | Eugene А. Eliseev | Ichiro Takeuchi | Anna N. Morozovska | Sergei V. Kalinin
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2020-12-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Exploring physics of ferroelectric domain walls via Bayesian analysis of atomically resolved STEM data The physics of ferroelectric domain walls is explored using the Bayesian inference analysis of atomically resolved STEM data. We demonstrate that domain wall profile shapes are ultimately sensitive to the nature of the order parameter in the material, including the functional form of Ginzburg-Landau-Devonshire expansion, and numerical value of the corresponding parameters. The preexisting materials knowledge naturally folds in the Bayesian framework in the form of prior distributions, with the different order parameters forming competing (or hierarchical) models. Here, we explore the physics of the ferroelectric domain walls in BiFeO<sub>3</sub> using this method, and derive the posterior estimates of relevant parameters. More generally, this inference approach both allows learning materials physics from experimental data with associated uncertainty quantification, and establishing guidelines for instrumental development answering questions on what resolution and information limits are necessary for reliable observation of specific physical mechanisms of interest. Inference ; Bayesian inference ; Bayesian probability ; Domain (mathematical analysis) ; Statistical physics ; Ferroelectricity ; Physics ; Bayesian statistics ; Bayesian hierarchical modeling ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Mathematics ; Quantum mechanics ; Mathematical analysis Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials ; Multiferroics and related materials ; Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides
Authors: Nor Asiah Muhamad | Ibrahim Visa Musa | Zulkurnain Abdul‐Malek | Ammar Salah Mahdi
Source: IEEE Access (article, 2020-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Classification of Partial Discharge Fault Sources on SF₆ Insulated Switchgear Based on Twelve By-Product Gases Random Forest Pattern Recognition Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) gas insulated switchgear (GIS) is widely used in electrical power supply system and therefore needs regular preventive maintenance. Prediction and diagnosis analysis of faults in GIS using SF6 gas by-products was introduced previously by using 4 to 8 types of by product gases. As latest development on gas analyser, more by-product gases can be detected and used for condition monitoring of the GIS. The type, number, concentration and chemical stability of by-product gases of SF6 GIS are found to be closely correlated to the type of defect. However, the number of by-product gases used increases, the pattern for faults classification become more complex. Thus, further analysis on increasing number of by product gases using intelligent techniques such as pattern recognition is required. In this article, 12 significant by-products captured due to various sources of partial discharge fault in GIS were used. Random Forest (RF) was selected in this work as a multi-class classification technique. The analyses using RF pattern recognition with eight algorithms based on the presence and concentration of the gas by-products were carried out. The RF algorithm successfully recognises a given defect with an accuracy of 87.5% for all defects fault classification. The performance of the RF algorithm is 1.5 times better than the decision table algorithm which is the next best algorithm. This research illustrates the feasibility and applicability of an effective GIS diagnostic using gas by-products analyses, and in particular, using the RF pattern recognition. Switchgear ; Fault (geology) ; Partial discharge ; Sulfur hexafluoride ; Random forest ; Computer science ; Algorithm ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Data mining ; Reliability engineering ; Environmental science ; Artificial intelligence ; Engineering ; Electrical engineering ; Voltage ; Chemistry ; Geology High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation ; Water Systems and Optimization
Authors: Fan Wang | Chunjiang Zhao | Guijun Yang
Source: Foods (article, 2020-11-30)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Development of a Non-Destructive Method for Detection of the Juiciness of Pear via VIS/NIR Spectroscopy Combined with Chemometric Methods Juiciness is a primary index of pear quality and freshness, which is also considered as important as sweetness for the consumers. Development of a non-destructive detection method for pear juiciness is meaningful for producers and sellers. In this study, visible-near-infrared (VIS/NIR) spectroscopy combined with different spectral preprocessing methods, including normalization (NOR), first derivative (FD), detrend (DET), standard normal variate (SNV), multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), probabilistic quotient normalization (PQN), modified optical path length estimation and correction (OPLECm), linear regression correction combined with spectral ratio (LRC-SR) and orthogonal spatial projection combined with spectral ratio (OPS-SR), was used for comparison in detection of pear juiciness. Partial least squares (PLS) regression was used to establish the calibration models between the preprocessing spectra (650-1100 nm) and juiciness measured by the texture analyzer. In addition, competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) was used to identify the characteristic wavelengths and simplify the PLS models. All obtained models were evaluated via Monte Carlo cross-validation (MCCV) and external validation. The PLS model established by 19 characteristic variables after LRC-SR preprocessing displayed the best prediction performance with external verification determination coefficient (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup><sub>v</sub>) of 0.93 and root mean square error (<i>RMSE</i><sub>v</sub>) of 0.97%. The results demonstrate that VIS/NIR coupled with LRC-SR method can be a suitable strategy for the quick assessment of juiciness for pears. Mathematics ; Normalization (sociology) ; Partial least squares regression ; PEAR ; Statistics ; Near-infrared spectroscopy ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Biological system ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer science ; Optics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies ; Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Kathryn E. Anderssen | Svein Kristian Stormo | Torstein Skåra | Martin Hansen Skjelvareid | Karsten Heia
Source: LWT (article, 2020-08-19)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Predicting liquid loss of frozen and thawed cod from hyperspectral imaging Hyperspectral imaging ; Proxy (statistics) ; Environmental science ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Machine learning Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Meat and Animal Product Quality ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
Authors: Carlo Augusto Mallio | Carlo Cosimo Quattrocchi | Àlex Rovira | Paul M. Parizel
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology (article, 2020-05-07)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Gadolinium Deposition Safety: Seeking the Patient’s Perspective Gadolinium is a rare-earth metal of the lanthanide series; it is represented by the symbol Gd, and its atomic number is 64.[1][1],[2][2] At room temperature, Gd is paramagnetic, meaning that it enhances nuclear relaxation rates, making it useful as a contrast agent for MR imaging. In clinical Gadolinium ; Lanthanide ; Medicine ; Paramagnetism ; Relaxation (psychology) ; Perspective (graphical) ; Meaning (existential) ; Rare earth ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Nuclear medicine ; Contrast (vision) ; Materials science ; Optics ; Condensed matter physics ; Physics ; Internal medicine ; Chemistry ; Psychotherapist ; Psychology ; Mineralogy ; Artificial intelligence Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes ; Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications ; MRI in cancer diagnosis
Authors: Yucong Ma | Tingting Zhou | Wenqin Zhu | Baomin Fan | Hao Liu | Guifeng Fan | Hua Hao | Hui Sun | Biao Yang
Source: Journal of Molecular Modeling (article, 2020-03-16)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Understanding the anticorrosive mechanism of a cross-linked supramolecular polymer for mild steel in the condensate water: comprehensive experimental, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics investigations Molecular dynamics ; Supramolecular chemistry ; Polymer ; Mechanism (biology) ; Computational chemistry ; Docking (animal) ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Molecule ; Organic chemistry ; Physics Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition ; Concrete Corrosion and Durability ; Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals
Authors: Wenbo Liu | Chuanbin Fan | Ziao Zong | Nana Li | Kaixuan Ma | Bin Zhu | Xia Zhang | Yuhua Fan
Source: Colloids and Surfaces A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects (article, 2020-07-03)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Two Co(Ⅱ)-based metal organic frameworks for highly efficient removal of azo dyes from aqueous environment: Synthesis, selective adsorption and adsorption mechanism Adsorption ; Aqueous solution ; Chemistry ; Stacking ; Congo red ; Langmuir adsorption model ; Hydrogen bond ; Kinetics ; Orange G ; Chemical engineering ; Inorganic chemistry ; Molecule ; Organic chemistry Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal ; Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis
Authors: Peter Craig | Hamed Lamei Ramandi | Honghao Chen | Damon Vandermaat | A. Crosky | Paul Hagan | Bruce Hebblewhite | Serkan Saydam
Source: Construction and Building Materials (article, 2020-10-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Stress corrosion cracking of rockbolts: An in-situ testing approach Corrosion ; Borehole ; Groundwater ; Mining engineering ; Geotechnical engineering ; Cracking ; Coal mining ; Metallurgy ; Environmental science ; Geology ; Materials science ; Engineering ; Waste management ; Coal ; Composite material Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition ; Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals ; Concrete Corrosion and Durability
Authors: Renhai Shi | Jiashi Miao | Thomas Avey | Alan A. Luo
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2020-06-22)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

A new magnesium sheet alloy with high tensile properties and room-temperature formability Lightweight sheet alloys with superior mechanical performance such as high strength, ductility and formability at room temperature (RT) are desirable for high volume automotive applications. However, ductility or formability of metallic alloys at RT are generally inversely related to strength, thereby making it difficult to optimize all three simultaneously. Here we design a new magnesium sheet alloy-ZAXME11100 (Mg-1.0Zn-1.0Al-0.5Ca-0.4Mn-0.2Ce, wt. pct.) via CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) modeling and experimental validation. This new sheet alloy offers an excellent RT formability with a high Index Erichsen (I.E.) value of 7.8 mm in a solution-treated condition (T4), due to its weak and split basal texture and fine grain structure. The new ZAXME 11100 alloy also shows a rapid age-hardening response during post-forming artificial aging treatment at 210 °C for 1 hour (T6), resulting in a significant increase of yield strength from 159 MPa (T4) to 270 MPa (T6). The excellent combination of T4 ductility (31%), T4 formability (7.8 mm) and T6 yield strength (270 MPa) in this new magnesium alloy is comparable to that of common 6xxx series aluminum sheet alloys. Thus, this new magnesium sheet alloy is highly attractive for sheet applications in automotive and other industries. Formability ; Materials science ; Alloy ; Ductility (Earth science) ; Metallurgy ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Magnesium alloy ; Sheet metal ; Magnesium ; Composite material ; Creep Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications ; Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties ; Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties
Authors: Felix Anke | Susanne Boye | Anke Spannenberg | Albena Lederer | Detlef Heller | Torsten Beweries
Source: Chemistry - A European Journal (article, 2020-03-02)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Dehydropolymerisation of Methylamine Borane and an <i>N</i>‐Substituted Primary Amine Borane Using a PNP Fe Catalyst Abstract Dehydropolymerisation of methylamine borane (H 3 B⋅NMeH 2 ) using the well‐known iron amido complex [(PNP)Fe(H)(CO)] (PNP=N(CH 2 CH 2 P i Pr 2 ) 2 ) ( 1 ) gives poly(aminoborane)s by a chain‐growth mechanism. In toluene, rapid dehydrogenation of H 3 B⋅NMeH 2 following first‐order behaviour as a limiting case of a more general underlying Michaelis–Menten kinetics is observed, forming aminoborane H 2 B=NMeH, which selectively couples to give high‐molecular‐weight poly(aminoborane)s (H 2 BNMeH) n and only traces of borazine (HBNMe) 3 by depolymerisation after full conversion. Based on a series of comparative experiments using structurally related Fe catalysts and dimethylamine borane (H 3 B⋅NMe 2 H) polymer formation is proposed to occur by nucleophilic chain growth as reported earlier computationally and experimentally. A silyl functionalised primary borane H 3 B⋅N(CH 2 SiMe 3 )H 2 was studied in homo‐ and co‐dehydropolymerisation reactions to give the first examples for Si containing poly(aminoborane)s. Borane ; Dimethylamine ; Methylamine ; Chemistry ; Borazine ; Dehydrogenation ; Catalysis ; Ammonia borane ; Nucleophile ; Amine gas treating ; Medicinal chemistry ; Stereochemistry ; Polymer chemistry ; Organic chemistry Organoboron and organosilicon chemistry ; Hydrogen Storage and Materials ; Synthesis and characterization of novel inorganic/organometallic compounds