jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: S Kiruthika | Athanessious J Joshan | Karthika Rajendran | Nuvvuru Divya
Source: Plant Science Today (article, 2025-11-24)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

A contour-based pixel distribution for segmenting unpolished and broken rice grain Rice quality grading is a critical step in ensuring the market value and consumer acceptance of rice. It involves assessing various physical attributes such as grain integrity, polish level and shape to determine its suitability for consumption, processing, or export. Traditional methods of identifying unpolished and broken rice grains rely on manual inspection, which is time-consuming and prone to human error. This article suggests an automatic segmentation of unpolished and broken rice grains using contour-based pixel distribution approach. The method leverages image processing techniques such as greyscale conversion, adaptive thresholding and morphological operations to extract individual grains from a sample. Contours are detected using the Canny edge detection algorithm, followed by connected component analysis to segment grains based on their shape and size. To differentiate the unpolished grains, pixel intensity distributions are analysed, as unpolished rice exhibits higher roughness and uneven textures. Similarly, broken grains are identified based on contour perimeter, aspect ratio and area thresholds. The proposed system was tested on rice samples collected from the VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning (VAIAL), Vellore and NK Rice Mill, Redhills, Chennai, achieving high accuracy in distinguishing whole, broken and unpolished grains. This approach provides a cost-effective, non-destructive and efficient solution for automated rice quality grading, reducing dependency on manual inspection. Thresholding ; Grayscale ; Pixel ; Segmentation ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Image segmentation ; Canny edge detector ; Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution ; Connected component Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Smart Agriculture and AI ; Food composition and properties
Authors: Yongtao Liu | Arpan Biswas | Rama K. Vasudevan
Source: Microscopy and Microanalysis (article, 2025-07-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Integrating Expert Knowledge in Autonomous Microscopy to Accelerate Discovery Microscopy ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Computer science ; Data science ; Physics ; Optics Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Scientific Computing and Data Management ; Cell Image Analysis Techniques
Authors: Bohdan Tykhtylo
Source: Transactions of Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE INTERACTION OF PRODUCT PARTICLES WITH THE COOLANT IN THE SPRAY DRYING PLUME ZONE , . , , . , , , , . . , . , , , . Plume ; Spray drying ; Coolant ; Product (mathematics) ; Environmental science ; Materials science ; Meteorology ; Chemistry ; Chromatography ; Engineering ; Mechanical engineering ; Mathematics ; Physics ; Geometry Material Properties and Applications ; Engineering Technology and Methodologies ; Material Science and Thermodynamics
Authors: Nushrat Jahan Niva | Nushrat Jahan Niva¹ | Lorena Nunes Lacerda¹ | Alicia Peduzzi² | George Vellidis³ | Sara Maktabi³ | Matheus Ardigueri¹
Source:  (article, 2025-12-26)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Fusing Structural and Spectral Data for Yield Assessment in Peanuts: A LiDAR and Hyperspectral Imaging Approach Hyperspectral imaging ; Lidar ; Full spectral imaging ; Yield (engineering) ; Data acquisition Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Peanut Plant Research Studies ; Remote Sensing in Agriculture
Authors: Marianna Halász | Zsolt Borka | Gabriella Oroszlány
Source: Discover Applied Sciences (article, 2025-06-16)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Draping test with polygonal sample-holding table for measuring the shape-changing ability of sheet-like, bendable by gravity materials Abstract Draping is a 3-dimensional, complex shape change caused by gravity. It characterizes the ability of the given sheet-like material, often textiles, with low bending stiffness to adapt to the shape of an object in a complex way, and therefore, knowing it is important, especially from the point of view of simulating the behaviour of this material. In a draping test, a circular sample is placed on a circular sample-holding table, its edges are allowed to bend down, and then the draping coefficient and the number of waves are calculated based on its planar projection. However, both factors have a large standard deviation, and strangely, the number of waves is not unambiguous. In our research, we replaced the circular table with regular, polygonal sample-holding tables of 3–15 corners, which had the same area, and investigated how the number of table corners is related to the draping coefficient and the number of waves. We compared the results obtained on the polygonal sample-holding tables with the results measured on the circular table. In our article, we present the course of the research, the testing equipment and how we changed it, the tested 7 types of fabrics, and the results obtained. Our results prove that with the use of a polygonal sample-holding table, the number of waves can be clear, the size and arrangement of the waves can be uniform, and so the uncertainty of the measurement results can be reduced, and the repeatability of the test can be improved. Based on the data, the regular six-sided sample-holding table can be recommended for the drape test; only very rigid samples cannot follow its corners with their waves, and the draping coefficient is almost the same as that measured on a round table. The optional use of the hexagonal sample-holding table can be recommended, especially for comparative testing of fabrics for the same purpose, for example, when it is necessary to select in terms of draping the most suitable fabric from among the possible ones for a specific garment or even for a curtain. Table (database) ; Sample (material) ; Test (biology) ; Engineering drawing ; Computer graphics (images) ; Materials science ; Mechanical engineering ; Engineering ; Computer science ; Geology ; Physics ; Database Textile materials and evaluations ; Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies ; Optical measurement and interference techniques
Authors: Irfan Isdhianto | Helmy Mukti Himawan | Dona Setiawan
Source: ELPOSYS Jurnal Sistem Kelistrikan (article, 2025-12-25)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Implementasi Thermoelectric Generator Lilin Sebagai Solusi Energi Tepat Guna Daerah Terpencil Kalimantan The demand for electricity in remote areas of Kalimantan remains a significant challenge due to the limited reach of the national power grid. This research aims to develop a low cost, eco friendly, and practical power generation solution using a thermoelectric generator (TEG) integrated with a candle based heat source. A prototype candle tube was designed and constructed using copper heat exchangers, TEG modules, and passive cooling systems (heatsinks). The system was tested under two conditions using one and two candles as heat sources while powering LED lights. Temperature data on the hot and cold sides of the TEG were recorded using an Arduino data logger, and the electrical output (voltage and current) was monitored using a USB multimeter. Results showed that increasing the number of candles significantly raised the temperature difference across the TEG, from 24°C with one candle to 39°C with two, leading to a voltage increase from 2.68 V to 2.80 V, current from 0.06 A to 0.16 A, and power output from 0.15 W to 0.44 W. These findings demonstrate that the system's performance correlates directly with the thermal gradient. With its simple design, accessible materials, and passive operation, this candle based TEG system offers a promising alternative energy source for rural communities lacking access to conventional electricity, especially in Kalimantan’s interior regions. Candle ; Thermoelectric generator ; Electricity ; Power (physics) ; Generator (circuit theory) ; USB ; Thermoelectric effect ; Thermoelectric cooling Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Geothermal Energy Systems and Applications ; Islamic Social Reporting
Authors: А. В. Корнилова | В. С. Ермаков | А. В. Баулин
Source: Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education] (article, 2025-09-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Опрос жителей многоквартирных жилых домов о качестве капитального ремонта Introduction. Currently, more than 3.5 million Muscovites live in apartment buildings (AB) with major repairs. In 2015, the Moscow capital repair program was launched. The program is designed until 2044. It includes: 29 thousand houses. The quality of major repairs is under the close attention of citizens and the media. However, despite the transparency of the process of organizing capital repairs the number of complaints from residents on the website of the mayor of Moscow does not decrease. This fact caused the need for a survey. Materials and methods. The authors conducted a survey using the Delphi method. 160 residents of Moscow and the nearest Moscow region participated in the survey. Results. Both stages of the survey showed that the residents are ready to suffer inconveniences during the renovation process. And the priority is the use of high-quality, non-toxic materials and the quality of the finish. Conclusions. The survey made it possible to calculate the weighting factors of the factors, which led to the creation of a methodology for rapid assessment of capital repairs in the AB based on a statistical approach. The study of public opinion at the next level will allow to identify topical issues during major repairs (justification and preparation of work plans, selection of effective and acceptable technological solutions, etc.), as well as to supplement existing regulatory documents. Delphi method ; Capital (architecture) ; Transparency (behavior) ; Work (physics) ; Quality (philosophy) ; Delphi ; Apartment Structural mechanics and materials ; Facilities and Workplace Management ; Advanced Energy Technologies and Civil Engineering Innovations
Authors: I. J. M. van Elk | C. W. Sweers | D. F. J. Nijhof | Roger Berg | Thomas G. Lucas | X. F. D. Stragier | Pieter Tack | Matthieu Boone | O.J. Luiten | P.H.A. Mutsaers
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-04-16)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

First x-rays from a compact and tunable LINAC-based Compton scattering source In this paper, we present the first measurements of x-rays produced with a compact, narrowband, and tunable inverse Compton scattering-based x-ray source, developed at Eindhoven University of Technology. A flux of $1.2 \cdot 10^3$ photons per shot was measured, in agreement with simulations. Using a high-resolution spectral camera, we show that the photon energy can be tuned continuously from 5.8~keV to 10.7~keV with a bandwidth of 4\%. The measured x-ray pulse length was in the picosecond range. Additionally, we show that the source allows full control over the x-ray polarization control. By optimizing experimental parameters, implementing improvements to the setup and further conditioning of the accelerator structure, a brilliance of $10^{12}$ photons/(s $\times$ mrad$^2$ $\times$ mm${^{2}}$ $\times$ 0.1\% BW) can be achieved, with photon energies up to 40 keV. Because the complete electron beamline fits on a single optical table, it is suitable as an in-house x-ray source for university laboratories, industrial production lines, museums, and hospitals. Photon ; Compton scattering ; Picosecond ; Beamline ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Scattering ; Particle accelerator ; Inverse Radiation Shielding Materials Analysis ; Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics ; Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
Authors: Qingchen Zhang | Bowen Zhao | Xinlin Qing
Source:  (article, 2025-04-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

An impact localization method for curved composite structures based on stress waves Timely and accurate monitoring of impacts from flying birds, hail, and other objects is of great significance for aircraft. The impact monitoring based on acoustic emission has the characteristics of wide range and high accuracy, and the stress waves generated by the impact represent important information. However, many composite curved structures of aircraft have the characteristic of curvature changes and the anisotropy of their materials, which affect the accuracy of impact positioning. The study develops an impact localization method for composite curved structures based on stress waves. First, a sensor array adapted to the curved surface is designed. Next, several signal features are extracted and selected, focusing on those minimally affected by material anisotropy and the curved structure. Finally, an improved weighted centroid localization method was implemented by utilizing the fused values of these features, enabling a two-step localization approach in which the region is determined first and the impact location is subsequently pinpointed. Experiments were conducted on composite fan blades of aircraft engines, and the results demonstrated that the proposed method holds practical engineering value for impact monitoring in composite curved structures. Composite number ; Stress (linguistics) ; Stress wave ; Materials science ; Structural engineering ; Acoustics ; Composite material ; Physics ; Engineering High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Fluid Dynamics Simulations and Interactions ; Mechanical Behavior of Composites
Authors: Henock M. Deberneh | Daniel J. Wilkinson | Hannah Crossland | Natan Basisty | Kenneth Smith | Philip J. Atherton | Rovshan G. Sadygov
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2025-11-28)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Proteostasis Modelling using Deuterated Water Metabolic Labeling and Data-Independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry We present the first application of a deuterated water metabolic labeling workflow coupled with data-independent acquisition (DIA) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for quantifying label enrichment in MS/MS to study protein turnover. The approach automates the turnover rate determination from combined precursor and fragment ions. The truncation of the observed isotope distributions of fragments is overcome by implementing an approach to determining the label enrichment from two mass isotopomers. The high redundancy of fragment ions provides a confident assessment for deuterium enrichment. The DIA approach provides increased proteome coverage and depth for quantifying protein turnover rates compared to the traditional data-dependent (DDA) approach. This novel approach is validated in a murine myotube model of muscle hypertrophy and atrophy through the treatment with insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and dexamethasone (Dex), respectively. Proteostasis ; Deuterium ; Proteome ; Mass spectrometry ; Tandem mass spectrometry ; Protein turnover ; Tandem mass tag ; Proteomics ; Isotope Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Chemical Reactions and Isotopes
Authors: Marco Parillo | Federica Vaccarino | Andrea Falzone | Elena Salvador Álvarez | Fabio Martino Doniselli | Carlo Cosimo Quattrocchi | Àlex Rovira
Source: European Radiology (review, 2025-12-13)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Use of gadolinium-based contrast agents in head and neck cancer diagnosis, staging, and monitoring: current applications and future perspectives Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) have been fundamental to head and neck cancer (HNC) imaging, enabling effective detection, characterization, treatment response assessment, and disease progression monitoring of lesions. Additionally, perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) utilizing dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) has been evaluated for its ability to provide insights into microvascular parameters concerning blood flow within tumor tissue. Nevertheless, increasing worries regarding gadolinium accumulation within the central nervous system and its effects on the environment have led to a reconsideration of its application. This narrative review explores the current role of GBCAs in HNC imaging, the primary sequences used after GBCA administration, their interpretation, and potential alternative imaging approaches. Currently, GBCA administration is a cornerstone of multiparametric MRI for the diagnosis, staging, and monitoring of HNCs, commonly involving a 3D T1-weighted sequence with fat saturation during the equilibrium phase. While PWI shows potential for clinical application in HNCs, its broader clinical adoption requires further standardization. Notably, DCE can visually aid in detecting subtle tumors, and its application in the differential diagnosis of solid parotid lesions is yielding promising results. Arterial spin labeling is emerging as a compelling alternative for PWI, eliminating the need for GBCA administration. Other promising strategies for reducing or even avoiding GBCA use include hybrid PET/MRI examinations, the development of novel contrast agents (including high-relaxivity GBCAs and gadolinium-free contrast agents), and the implementation of artificial intelligence tools. KEY POINTS: Question When should GBCAs be administered to patients undergoing MRI for HNCs? Findings GBCA injection is a cornerstone of multiparametric MRI for the diagnosis, staging, and monitoring of HNCs. Clinical relevance GBCAs are recommended for HNC MRIs, with a possible exception for patients with no clinical or radiological evidence of recurrence after 27 months of follow-up. DCE is useful for identifying small carcinomas and characterizing parotid lesions. Neuroradiology ; Head and neck cancer ; Interventional radiology ; Ultrasound ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Head and neck ; Coronary artery disease Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes ; MRI in cancer diagnosis ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
Authors: R Bharanidharan
Source: Communications on Applied Nonlinear Analysis (article, 2025-01-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Nonlinear Analysis in Gaseous Dielectric Using Finite Element Method (FEM) Nonlinear analysis of gaseous dielectrics using Finite Element Method (FEM) is for optimizing high-voltage systems, addressing complex electric field behaviours in materials in eco-friendly alternatives. This paper discusses the mathematical background, application of GIS and circuit breakers, issues in computational modelling, and future trends such as using different dielectrics. Finite element method ; Nonlinear system ; Dielectric ; Materials science ; Extended finite element method ; Structural engineering ; Physics ; Engineering ; Optoelectronics High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies ; Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies
Authors: Luca Castelli | Irène Gannaz | Clément Marteau
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Statistics (article, 2025-10-24)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

A non‐asymptotic analysis of the single component PLS regression ABSTRACT This paper investigates some theoretical properties of the Partial Least Squares method. We focus our attention on the single‐component case, which provides a useful framework to understand the underlying mechanism. We provide a non‐asymptotic upper bound on the quadratic loss in prediction with high probability in a high‐dimensional regression context. The bound is attained thanks to a preliminary regularization on the first PLS component. In a second time, we extend these results to the sparse Partial Least Squares approach. In particular, we exhibit upper bounds similar to those obtained with the lasso algorithm, up to an additional restricted eigenvalue constraint on the design matrix. Partial least squares regression ; Lasso (programming language) ; Upper and lower bounds ; Regularization (linguistics) ; Constraint (computer-aided design) ; Regression ; Focus (optics) ; Quadratic equation ; Least-squares function approximation Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Electrochemical Analysis and Applications ; Fault Detection and Control Systems
Authors: Hawar M. Dlshad | Jamal M. Rashid
Source: East European Journal of Physics (article, 2025-12-08)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Monte Carlo Code for Calculating the Elastic and Inelastic Scattering Cross Section Along with Mean Free Path of Positron Scattering in Kidney, Lung and Thyroid Organs This research calculated the total cross sections for positron scattering in kidney, lung, and thyroid tissues along an energy range of 100 eV to 1 MeV. Monte Carlo methods were employed to determine both elastic and inelastic integral cross sections, utilizing the Rutherford formula for elastic scattering and the Gryzinski excitation function for inelastic processes. A comparison was made between elastic and Penelope elastic cross sections. The study also examined elastic, inelastic, and total mean free paths as functions of positron energy for all three tissue types. The computational approach is designed to be broadly applicable across different materials. We observed significant differences in cross-section profiles and in the energy dependencies of the mean free path between tissues, attributing these variations to distinct inelastic-scattering characteristics inherent to each material. While the systematic uncertainties in the computational algorithm are challenging to quantify precisely, we believe they are largely systematic. Elastic scattering ; Inelastic scattering ; Monte Carlo method ; Mean free path ; Inelastic mean free path ; Cross section (physics) ; Scattering ; Positron ; Nuclear cross section Radiation Shielding Materials Analysis ; Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry ; Muon and positron interactions and applications
Authors: Jia Chen | Zixin Chen | C. Zhang
Source: Highlights in Science Engineering and Technology (article, 2025-05-23)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Partial functional linear regression based on the Stacking and RKHS Functional regression models represent a crucial research area within functional data analysis. To enhance the flexibility of the model, this paper proposes a partial functional linear regression model based on ensemble learning and kernel techniques. On one hand, this method effectively models the relationship between non-linear predictor variables and scalar response variables by employing the Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space. On the other hand, it utilizes Functional Principal Component Analysis to approximate and estimate functional predictor variables, and addresses the selection of truncation numbers through the stacking framework. In the stacking framework, the meta model takes a model-free form, further increasing the flexibility of the model and effectively balancing the variance and bias of the prediction model. The results of simulation experiments and real-world data analysis demonstrate that the proposed method is more competitive compared to traditional benchmark methods. Stacking ; Mathematics ; Partial least squares regression ; Linear regression ; Regression ; Statistics ; Chemistry Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Face and Expression Recognition ; Advanced Algorithms and Applications