jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Yan Tian | Hao Liu | Jing Li | Liu Fei | Baodan Liu
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2025-02-12)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Recent Developments of Advanced Broadband Photodetectors Based on 2D Materials With the rapid development of high-speed imaging, aerospace, and telecommunications, high-performance photodetectors across a broadband spectrum are urgently demanded. Due to abundant surface configurations and exceptional electronic properties, two-dimensional (2D) materials are considered as ideal candidates for broadband photodetection applications. However, broadband photodetectors with both high responsivity and fast response time remain a challenging issue for all the researchers. This review paper is organized as follows. Section I introduces the fundamental properties and broadband photodetection performances of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), perovskites, topological insulators, graphene, and black phosphorus (BP). This section provides an in-depth analysis of their unique optoelectronic properties and probes the intrinsic physical mechanism of broadband detection. In Section II, some innovative strategies are given to expand the detection wavelength range of 2D material-based photodetectors and enhance their overall performances. Among them, chemical doping, defect engineering, heterostructure construction, and strain engineering way are found to be mor effective for improving their photodetection performances. The last section addresses the challenges and future prospects of 2D material-based broadband photodetectors. Furthermore, to meet the practical requirements for very large-scale integration (VLSI) applications, their work reliability, production cost and compatibility with planar technology should be paid much attention. Photodetection ; Photodetector ; Broadband ; Materials science ; Graphene ; Optoelectronics ; Responsivity ; Photovoltaics ; Computer science ; Nanotechnology ; Electronic engineering ; Telecommunications ; Photovoltaic system ; Electrical engineering ; Engineering 2D Materials and Applications ; Ga2O3 and related materials ; Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors
Authors: Zhouling Wu | Xing Li | Zhikun Liu | Bao Li | Yuqiao Chai | Jin‐Peng Xue
Source: Advanced Functional Materials (article, 2025-01-19)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Thermo‐Guest Programmable Structural Adaptability with Bistable Empty States and Photothermal Conversion in a Coordination Framework Abstract Stimuli‐responsive programmable materials exhibit remarkable potential for smart applications due to their ability to attain multi‐stable states through structural adaptability upon guest molecule removal or exchange. However, achieving designability remains challenging, particularly in maintaining the crystallinity for single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal (SCSC) transformations and ensuring tunable activation. In this study, it is demonstrated that programmable SCSC transformations between an empty monoclinic framework and an empty triclinic framework can be manipulated through the stimuli combining various activations and guest molecules. Reversible empty framework switching is facilitated by MeOH adsorption and heating‐induced SCSC transformations, whereas H 2 O adsorption alone cannot directly induce structural transformation. Instead, the empty monoclinic framework must first adsorb N,N ‐Dimethylformamide (DMF) molecules to form a new DMF‐adsorbed framework and subsequently undergoes H 2 O adsorption and mild activation to yield the empty triclinic framework. These interconvertible frameworks differ in their photothermal conversion performance and selectively cause discoloration of CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O due to dehydration. Photothermal temperatures ultimately induce the transformation to the empty monoclinic framework, attaining temperatures up to 640 K within 15 s under 808 nm laser irradiation (1.7 W cm −2 ). Potential energy calculations and single‐crystal data reveal that the programmable structural adaptability is driven by the varying affinities of pore environments for different guest molecules. Bistability ; Photothermal therapy ; Materials science ; Adaptability ; Nanotechnology ; Optoelectronics Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Polyoxometalates: Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Johannes Bibinger | Sebastian Eibl | Hans‐Joachim Gudladt | Bernhard Schartel | Philipp Höfer
Source: Nanomaterials (article, 2025-04-03)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Pushing the Limits of Thermal Resistance in Nanocomposites: A Comparative Study of Carbon Black and Nanotube Modifications Enhancing the thermal resistance of carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) with flame retardants or coatings often leads to increased weight and reduced mechanical integrity. To address these challenges, this study introduces an innovative approach for developing nanocomposites using carbon-based nanoparticles, while preserving the structural lightweight properties. For this, carbon black particles (CBPs) up to 10% and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) up to 1.5% were incorporated into the RTM6/G939 composite material. The obtained samples were then analyzed for their properties and heat resistance under one-sided thermal loading at a heat flux of 50 kW/m<sup>2</sup>. Results demonstrate that integrating these particles improves heat conduction without compromising the material's inherent advantages. As a result, thermo-induced damage and the resulting loss of mechanical strength are delayed by 17% with CBPs and 7% with CNTs compared to the unmodified material. Thereby, the thermal behavior can be accurately modeled by a straightforward approach, using calibrated, effective measurements of the nanoparticles in the polymer matrix rather than relying on theoretical assumptions. This approach thus provides a promising methode to characterize and improve thermal resistance without significant trade-offs. Carbon nanotube ; Materials science ; Nanocomposite ; Composite material ; Carbon black ; Thermal resistance ; Polymer nanocomposite ; Composite number ; Thermal ; Nanoparticle ; Thermal conduction ; Carbon fibers ; Polymer ; Heat flux ; Nanotechnology ; Heat transfer ; Natural rubber Flame retardant materials and properties ; Carbon Nanotubes in Composites ; Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties
Authors: Maria Jauregui Rozo | S. Shyam Sunder | Weronika Tabaka | Benjamin Klaffke | Holger Ruckdäschel | Bernhard Schartel
Source: Polymer Composites (article, 2025-04-07)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Unveiling aluminum diethyl phosphinate dual identity: Transfer from epoxy resins to glass fiber‐reinforced composites Abstract This study examines the transfer of the flame‐retardant aluminum diethyl phosphinate (AlPi) from epoxy resins to composites and the impact of AlPi on fire behavior and fire stability. Further, the effects of different particle sizes and the addition of zinc hydroxy stannate (ZHS) and inorganic silicate (InSi) are investigated. The research provides a detailed analysis of the fire behavior, fire stability, pyrolysis, flame‐retardant modes of action, and flame retardancy index. Interestingly, the particle sizes did not significantly affect the flammability, fire behavior, or fire stability in the systems investigated. AlPi acts primarily in the gas phase, releasing phosphorus that yields flame inhibition. Adding glass fibers (GFs) to the epoxy resin boosts the flame retardancy in the condensed phase, reducing the heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), and peak heat release rate (PHRR) by about 60%. This improvement is largely due to replacing fuel and forming a protective layer during burning. Despite the differences between thermoset and composite, the study demonstrates an effective transfer of flame‐retardant properties from epoxy resins to fiber‐reinforced composites, significantly enhancing the flame retardancy performance in both material systems. Highlights AlPi transfer from resin to composites enhances flame retardancy. Adding glass fibers reduces the heat release rate (HRR) by approximately 60%. Particle size has minimal impact on fire behavior and stability. AlPi acts in the gas phase; with added GFs, the condensed phase is activated. Synergists ZHS and InSi have minimal impact on the composite flame retardancy. Phosphinate ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Epoxy ; Glass fiber ; Aluminium ; Fiber ; Fire retardant Flame retardant materials and properties ; Synthesis and properties of polymers ; Synthesis and characterization of novel inorganic/organometallic compounds
Authors: Jacopo Remondina | Eloïse Rahier | Minh Anh Luong | Nicolas Ratel‐Ramond | Sijia Ran | David Grosso | Cristian Mocuta | A. Portavoce | Y. Le Friec | Daniel Benoit | Elisa Petroni | A. Claverie | Magali Putero
Source: physica status solidi (RRL) - Rapid Research Letters (article, 2025-05-07)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Tuning Crystallization Pathways in Ge‐Rich GST Alloys: The Influence of Nitrogen and Hydrogen This study investigates the effects of nitrogen and hydrogen doping on the crystallization mechanisms of Ge‐rich GST (GGST) alloys, widely used in phase‐change memory applications. Using in situ synchrotron X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermal desorption spectroscopy, this article examines undoped, nitrogen‐doped, and co‐doped (N + H) GGST samples to understand their structural and kinetics transformations during thermal treatments. Nitrogen doping significantly increases the crystallization temperature and enhances thermal stability, while reducing grain sizes and modifying kinetics. Hydrogen shows a contrasting effect. Alone, it minimally impacts crystallization temperatures but decreases activation energy and promotes heterogeneous nucleation, mediated by transient GeTe Pnma phase. However, combined with nitrogen, hydrogen disrupts the formation of GeN bonds, favoring NH interactions instead. This suppresses nitrogen effects while introducing interface‐driven crystallization mechanism. The findings provide new insight into dopant interactions within GGST alloys, demonstrating the potential of co‐doping strategies to fine‐tune phase change behavior. The study underscores the need for further exploration of dopant combinations to achieve enhanced stability and performance, particularly for memory devices operating in harsh environments. Crystallization ; Nitrogen ; Hydrogen ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Crystallography ; Organic chemistry Phase-change materials and chalcogenides ; Semiconductor materials and interfaces ; Intermetallics and Advanced Alloy Properties
Authors: Susmitha Aggarapu | Rajitha Galla | Nafisa Shaik | Sameera Dasari
Source: Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (article, 2025-05-26)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Application of Plackett–Burman and Box–Behnken designs to develop a sensitive and robust HPLC method for quantifying hypolipidemic drugs, rosuvastatin and bempedoic acid in tablets Abstract Background Analytical quality by design approach is a systematic and scientific method for developing robust analytical procedures. Applying QbD principles in developing stability-indicating HPLC method for quantifying rosuvastatin and bempedoic acid in tablets enhances method understanding by identifying critical method parameters and analytical attributes, ensuring consistent quality. Method A two-level seven-factor Plackett–Burman design was employed to screen method parameters. Based on Pareto ranking analysis, the % aqueous (%v/v), buffer pH, and flow rate (ml/min) were identified as critical method parameters, while the retention times of rosuvastatin and bempedoic acid and resolution were selected as critical analytical attributes. Optimization was conducted using a two-level three-factor Box–Behnken design. The final optimized method utilized a Spursil C18 column (5 µm, 150 × 4.6 mm) with a mobile phase consisting of 15 mM ammonium acetate buffer (pH 6.0) and acetonitrile (40:60%v/v), a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and UV detection at 244 nm with an 8-min run time. Results Under the above conditions, rosuvastatin and bempedoic acid had retention times of 2.474 min and 3.396 min, respectively. Validation of the optimized method followed ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines and included system suitability, specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, detection limit, quantitation limit, and robustness assessments. Linearity was observed in the range of 0.8–4.0 µg/mL for rosuvastatin and 3.6–18 µg/mL for bempedoic acid. Additionally, the greenness of the method was evaluated using AGREE software, which provided a score of 0.72, indicating compliance with Green Analytical Chemistry principles. Conclusion The developed RP-HPLC method is both sensitive and robust for the quantification of rosuvastatin and bempedoic acid in tablet formulations. The use of Plackett–Burman and Box–Behnken designs facilitated efficient optimization, and the method meets ICH guidelines and greenness criteria, confirming its suitability for routine analysis in quality control laboratories. Graphical Abstract Box–Behnken design ; Plackett–Burman design ; Rosuvastatin ; Chemistry ; Chromatography ; Response surface methodology ; Pharmacology ; Medicine Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
Authors: Fei Han | Kacper Pilarczyk | Zaoyang Lin | Conglin Sun | Guy A. E. Vandenbosch | Joris Van de Vondel | Pol Van Dorpe | Xuezhi Zheng | Niels Verellen | Ewald Janssens
Source: Laser & Photonics Review (article, 2025-03-29)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Mid‐Infrared Reflectance Modulator Based on a Graphene CMOS‐Compatible Metasurface Abstract Optical modulators based on tunable graphene‐metal hybrid metasurfaces have emerged as promising optoelectronic devices due to their high speed and efficient modulation that is controllable through electrostatic gating. In particular, optical modulation in the mid‐infrared region has attracted considerable interest for applications in biosensing, imaging, communication, and computing. However, the scalability of metasurfaces poses a challenge as typical fabrication pathways are not compatible with complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) technology. In this work, a tunable graphene‐metasurface absorber is presented that integrates a metal‐dielectric‐metal optical cavity with a graphene layer. Stable performance in ambient conditions is achieved by the incorporation of an ultrathin Al₂O₃ capping layer. This barrier layer prevents direct contact between the metallic antennas and the graphene layer, which results in a large on/off ratio. For a gold metasurface, the creation of an optical cavity strongly enhances the modulation depth of the reflectance between 7 µm to 8 µm from 11% to 47%. By replacing gold with aluminum, a cost‐effective material employed in foundry processes, a comparable maximum modulation depth of 49% is obtained. These results open a new pathway for the integration of tunable graphene–metal hybrid metasurfaces with CMOS‐compatible technologies, facilitating a scalable production of mid‐infrared modulators. Graphene ; Infrared ; CMOS ; Optoelectronics ; Materials science ; Reflectivity ; Modulation (music) ; Optics ; Electro-optic modulator ; Optical modulator ; Physics ; Nanotechnology ; Phase modulation Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Optical Wireless Communication Technologies
Authors: Dihia Idrici | Samuel Goroshin | Jason Loiseau | David L. Frost
Source: Journal of Applied Physics (article, 2025-01-10)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Imaging pyrometry of metal fragments initially generated during the supersonic impact of reactive metal projectiles The early stage of the impact-initiated reaction of supersonic cylindrical reactive metal projectiles (magnesium, aluminum, titanium, and zirconium) with an inert aluminum oxide target is investigated experimentally with impact velocities from 1.1 to 1.3 km/s. A three-color imaging pyrometer is used to obtain temperature maps of the condensed fragments generated during the first few microseconds following contact between the projectile and the target. Experiments conducted in inert and oxidizing atmospheres confirm that chemical reactions initiate readily upon contact between the projectile and the target. In oxidizing atmospheres, the fragment temperatures measured for each metal are, on average, below but near the respective adiabatic temperature in air, except for Zr which produced temperatures significantly below expectations. Only the particles shed at the interface between the projectile and the target visibly react with the oxygen in the ambient atmosphere. At the impact velocities under study, only a small fraction, on the order of a few percent, of the mass of the projectile is finely fragmented during the initial impact event. Pyrometer ; Metal ; Supersonic speed ; Projectile ; Materials science ; Metallurgy ; Physics ; Aerospace engineering ; Temperature measurement ; Engineering High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Energetic Materials and Combustion ; High-pressure geophysics and materials
Authors: J. Dzian | Peter Kubaščík | Stana Tazlaru | M. Białek | M. Šindler | F. Le Mardelé | Christelle Kadlec | F. Kadlec | Marta Gryglas-Borysiewicz | K. P. Kluczyk | A. Mycielski | P. Skupiński | J. Hejtmánek | R. Tesař | Jakub Železný | A.-L. Barra | C. Faugeras | Jiří Volný | Klára Uhlířová | Lukáš Nádvorník | Martin Veis | Karel Výborný | M. Orlita
Source: Physical review. B./Physical review. B (article, 2025-07-07)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Antiferromagnetic resonance in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>α</mml:mi><mml:mtext>−</mml:mtext><mml:mi>MnTe</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> Antiferromagnetic resonance in a bulk $α$-MnTe crystal is investigated using both frequency-domain and time-domain THz spectroscopy techniques. At low temperatures, an excitation at the photon energy of $(3.5\pm 0.1)$~meV is observed and identified as a magnon mode through its distinctive dependence on temperature and magnetic field. This behavior is reproduced using a simplified model for antiferromagnetic resonance in an easy-plane antiferromagnet. The results of our experiments, when compared to exchange constants established in the literature, allow us to extract the out-of-plane component of the single-ion magnetic anisotropy reaching $(40\pm10)$~$μ$eV. Artificial intelligence ; Computer science Heusler alloys: electronic and magnetic properties ; Rare-earth and actinide compounds ; Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials
Authors: Shuai Li | Shile Chen | G.E.B. Tan | Wei Sun | Lixia Li | Yao Han | Yanhao Dong | Chang‐An Wang
Source: Journal of the American Ceramic Society (article, 2025-04-03)
Field: Materials Science — Ceramics and Composites

High‐strength high‐thermal‐conductivity Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> ceramics via colloidal processing and low‐temperature pressureless sintering Abstract There are growing interests to produce fine ceramics at lower temperatures and less energy consumption while maintaining competitive properties for existing and new applications. Strong alumina ceramics (e.g., with flexural strength &gt;800 MPa) with high thermal conductivity are useful in industrial applications, yet difficult to prepare with by cost‐effective and shape‐flexible pressureless sintering. For brittle ceramics such as pure alumina, one effective way for strengthening is to refine flaw size via advanced forming technique. Here, we report progresses in colloidal processing and direct casting of high‐solid‐loading (up to 56 vol%) alumina (average particle size of 120 nm) slurry and pressurelessly sintered alumina ceramics with low sintering temperature (1350°C), low sintering shrinkages (16.3%), high sintered density (3.98 g/cm 3 ), high flexural strength (914 ± 154 MPa), and high thermal conductivity (35.2 ± 0.5 W/(m K)). Experimental evidence has demonstrated different sensitivity of flexural strength and thermal conductivity on flaw/residue porosity of the sintered samples. Our results offer valuable guidance on the design and processing of multifunctional ceramics for optimal in‐service performance. Ceramic ; Materials science ; Sintering ; Thermal conductivity ; Pressureless sintering ; Mineralogy ; Composite material ; Chemistry Advanced ceramic materials synthesis ; Thermal properties of materials ; Advanced materials and composites
Authors: Sayed Zafar Abbas | Jaehwi Lee | Syed Muhammad Zain Mehdi | Jaewon Cho | Ahmed Raza | Sungkyu Kim | Jeung Choon Goak | Naesung Lee
Source: Small (article, 2025-06-13)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Superior Carbon Nanotube Field Emission for X‐Ray Source via Metal Silicide‐Induced Adhesion Carbon nanotube field emitters (CNT FEs) have obtained increasing attention for vacuum electronics devices such as cold cathode X-ray tubes. However, the low adhesion of CNTs on the substrate thwarts their ability to achieve high field emission current density. To this end, the effects of Ni, Si, and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> fillers on their adhesion both in the paste and onto the Kovar (nickel-cobalt ferrous alloy) substrate are investigated. Chemical reactions between Ni, Si, and the Kovar constituents lead to the formation of micrometer-sized protruding particles. Si fillers are key in promoting their formation in the paste and on the substrate. During high-temperature vacuum annealing, the Si fillers reacted with the Ni fillers and the Kovar constituents, forming Ni<sub>2</sub>Si in the paste and Fe<sub>2</sub>NiSi on the substrate, both of which strengthened adhesion. The adhesion of CNT FEs with both Ni and Si fillers is better compared to those containing Ni or Si fillers alone. With the resulting retention of more CNTs on the substrate after tape activation, a current density of 30.9 A cm<sup>-2</sup> and stable field emission for 14 h at 500 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> are achieved, indicating the commercial potential of CNT FEs in vacuum electronics. Materials science ; Silicide ; Field electron emission ; Carbon nanotube ; Metal ; Adhesion ; Nanotechnology ; Nanotube ; X-ray ; Composite material ; Metallurgy ; Optics ; Layer (electronics) ; Electron Carbon Nanotubes in Composites ; Semiconductor materials and interfaces ; Graphene research and applications