jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Pramod Kumar | Abhilash Gogineni | Bheem Pratap | Mrutyunjay Rout | Anil Kumar Sahu | Regasa Yadeta Sembeta
Source: Discover Sustainability (article, 2025-10-06)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Investigating the mechanical behaviour of bamboo fiber-reinforced concrete with GGBFS for sustainable construction The global construction industry’s heavy reliance on Ordinary Portland Cement has led to significant carbon emissions and environmental degradation. To address this challenge, this study investigates the mechanical behaviour of sustainable concrete incorporating Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as a partial cement replacement and bamboo fiber as natural reinforcement. The primary objective is to enhance concrete’s mechanical performance while reducing its environmental impact. A total of six concrete mixes were prepared by replacing OPC with GGBFS at 0–50%. Additionally, bamboo fiber (BF), a renewable natural fiber, was incorporated into the concrete matrix at volumetric dosages of 0–2% to enhance mechanical properties. The mechanical performance of the resulting concrete mixes was evaluated through compressive, flexural, and split tensile strength tests after 7 and 28 days of curing. Results show that 40% GGBFS is the optimal replacement level, achieving peak mechanical performance with CS, FS, and STS increases of 11.91%, 44.81%, and 42.63%, respectively, at 28 days. Adding 1.5% BF to this mix further enhances FS and STS by 13.74% and 23.69%, with minimal impact on CS. SEM analysis confirms improved fiber-matrix bonding, and ANOVA results statistically validate the effects of GGBFS and BF on performance metrics. This study concludes that a combination of 40% GGBFS and 1.5% BF provides an optimal balance of strength, sustainability, and ductility. Future studies should explore long-term durability, environmental exposure effects, and life-cycle assessments of such composite mixes to establish their viability in real-world applications. Ground granulated blast-furnace slag ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Portland cement ; Bamboo ; Cement ; Composite number Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Bamboo properties and applications ; Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials
Authors: Mark C. Elliott | Colan E. Hughes | Peter J. Knowles | Benjamin D. Ward
Source: RSC Advances (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Is there a trend in inductive effect for different alkyl groups? We find there to be no significant difference between the inductive effects of four representative alkyl groups as determined by Hirshfeld charge analysis. The use of alkyl group electronegativity values shows no meaningful correlation with the electron-withdrawing/donating ability of the alkyl groups. The <sup>13</sup>C NMR chemical shift diverges significantly from the calculated Hirshfeld charges, and we consider the latter to be a more reliable indicator of charge distribution. Alkyl ; Inductive effect ; Chemistry ; Significant difference ; Group (periodic table) ; Medicinal chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Mathematics ; Statistics Molecular spectroscopy and chirality ; Advanced Chemical Physics Studies ; Crystallography and molecular interactions
Authors: A. Arvizu-Montes | Oswaldo Guerrero-Bustamante | Rodrigo Polo-Mendoza | M. J. Martinez-Echevarria
Source: Buildings (article, 2025-07-04)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Mechanical Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Cement Mortars: A Comparative Study on the Effect of Synthetic and Natural Fibers The incorporation of fibers in cement-based materials has gained attention in the construction sector in recent decades, aiming to improve the mechanical performance of composites. This present work evaluates the influence of synthetic and natural fibers as reinforcements in cement mortars, analyzing their effects on both physical and mechanical properties through destructive and non-destructive testing. Polypropylene fibers (PPFs) were considered synthetic reinforcement, whereas alfa fibers (AFs) were selected as a sustainable alternative. Compressive strength, flexural strength and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) were conducted to assess mechanical behavior and material integrity as well as density, water absorption and voids content. Additionally, a statistical approach was performed to compare the properties of both types of fibers and determine their significance in improving mortar properties. The results indicate that both PPFs and AFs significantly improve the flexural strength and promote a ductile failure mode without compromising workability. Moreover, UPV measurements suggest that fiber incorporation does not adversely impair the internal homogeneity of the material. The results obtained confirm the effectiveness of fiber reinforcement, offering valuable insights regarding the potential of AF as a strong candidate for sustainable building purposes and practical applications. Materials science ; Cement ; Composite material ; Synthetic fiber ; Mortar ; Fiber ; Natural fiber ; Structural engineering ; Engineering Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials ; Innovative concrete reinforcement materials
Authors: Semere Araya A. Asefa | Myeongsu Seong | Dasol Lee
Source: Sensors (article, 2025-02-03)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Design of Bilayer Crescent Chiral Metasurfaces for Enhanced Chiroptical Response Chiral metasurfaces exploit structural asymmetry to control circular polarized light, presenting new possibilities for the design of optical devices, specifically in the dynamic control of light and enhanced optical sensing fields. This study employed theoretical and computational methods to examine the chiroptical properties of a bilayer crescent chiral metasurface, demonstrating the effect of the angle of rotation on the chiroptical response. We particularly investigated the changes in transmittance, electric field distribution, and circular dichroism (CD) across various rotation angles. The crescent chiral metasurface demonstrated the maximum CD and showed significant control over the CD and electric field distribution across different rotation angles in the near-infrared region. The highest CD value was observed at a 23° rotation angle, where the chiroptical response reached its maximum. In addition, the left circular polarized light showed a stronger intensity of the electric field along the crescent metasurface edge relative to the right circular polarized light, underscoring the significant difference in the intensity and field localization. It was also shown that the configuration with a 2 by 2-unit cell, compared with a single-unit cell, exhibited significantly enhanced CD, thus underlining the importance of the unit cell arrangement in optimizing the chiroptical properties of metasurfaces for advanced photonic applications. These results prove that the 2 by 2 bilayer crescent chiral metasurface can be tailored to a fine degree for specific applications such as improved biosensing, enhanced optical communications, and precise polarization control by optimizing the configuration. The insight presented by this theoretical and computational study will contribute to the broad understanding of chiroptical phenomena as well as pave the way for potential applications in developing advanced optical devices with tuned chiroptical interactions. Circular dichroism ; Electric field ; Circular polarization ; Optical rotation ; Bilayer ; Optics ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Rotation (mathematics) ; Asymmetry ; Ray ; Photonics ; Optoelectronics ; Materials science ; Physics ; Chemistry ; Crystallography Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics
Authors: Jusung Park | Seungkyun Park | Kyuho Kim | Jeonghun Kwak | Sunkyu Yu | Namkyoo Park
Source: Nanophotonics (article, 2025-01-06)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Deep‐subwavelength engineering of stealthy hyperuniformity Light behaviours in disordered materials have been of research interest primarily at length scales beyond or comparable to the wavelength of light, because order and disorder are often believed to be almost indistinguishable in the subwavelength regime according to effective medium theory (EMT). However, it was demonstrated that the breakdown of EMT occurs even at deep-subwavelength scales when interface phenomena, such as the Goos-Hänchen effect, dominate light flows. Here we develop the engineering of disordered multilayers at deep-subwavelength scales to achieve angle-selective manipulation of wave localization. To examine the disorder-dependent EMT breakdown, we classify the intermediate regime of microstructural phases between deep-subwavelength crystals and uncorrelated disorder through the concept of stealthy hyperuniformity (SHU). We devise material phase transitions from SHU to uncorrelated disorder for distinct angular responses of wave localization by tailoring the short-range and long-range order in SHU multilayers. The result paves the way to the realization of deep-subwavelength disordered metamaterials, bridging the fields of disordered photonics and metamaterials. Metamaterial ; Uncorrelated ; Photonics ; Realization (probability) ; Photonic metamaterial ; Wavelength ; Materials science ; Physics ; Condensed matter physics ; Nanotechnology ; Optoelectronics Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Photonic Crystals and Applications ; Random lasers and scattering media
Authors: Alexander Y. Liebeskind | Jan Rüdiger Schüre | Moritz Fabian | Simon Weinmüller | Patrick Schünke | Vladimir Golkov | Daniel Cremers | Moritz Zaiß
Source: Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics Biology and Medicine (article, 2025-03-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

The Pulseq-CEST Library: definition of preparations and simulations, example data, and example evaluations The Pulseq-CEST Library provides a flexible mechanism for standardizing and prototyping CEST sequences, facilitating collaborative development. With the capability for expansion, including open-source incorporation of new sequences and environments, the library accelerates the invention and spread of novel CEST and other saturation transfer approaches, such as relayed NOEs (rNOEs) and semisolid magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) methods. Magnetization transfer ; Computer science ; Standardization ; Imaging phantom ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Data mining ; Artificial intelligence ; Physics ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Medicine Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes ; Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications ; MRI in cancer diagnosis
Authors: Xinyu Yang | Yu Lei | Qiuyao Yu | Qian Wang | Houpeng Chen | Zhitang Song
Source: Moore and More (article, 2025-01-15)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Phase change memory programming circuit with improved speed Abstract Phase change memory (PCM) is considered one of the most promising next-generation non-volatile memory types for storage-class memory due to its many advantages, including ultrafast programming, long data retention, high storage density, low power consumption, and compatibility with standard CMOS processes. However, in conventional PCM programming circuits, the first programming operation after power-on suffers from a slow rise time in the programming pulse due to the lack of bias voltage pre-charging in the current source circuit, which leads to reduced consistency in the programming of phase change cells. In this study, we developed two solutions to address the issue associated with conventional PCM programming circuits. We also analyzed conventional programming circuit schemes and designed a PCM programming circuit with improved speed using the SMIC 40 nm CMOS process. The results demonstrated that compared with conventional programming circuits, the PCM programming circuit with improved speed reduced the rise time of SET pulses from 29.6 ns to 7.3 ns and the rise time of RESET pulses from 13.6 ns to 3.1 ns. In addition, it improved the consistency of the programming phase change cells and reduced the power consumption from 11.93 mW to 10.35 mW. Phase-change memory ; Computer science ; Electronic circuit ; Data retention ; Reset (finance) ; CMOS ; Electronic engineering ; Electrical engineering ; Engineering ; Phase change Phase-change materials and chalcogenides ; Advanced Memory and Neural Computing ; Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials
Authors: Isabel Uribe | Liulin Deng | Leonard C. Rorrer | Lauren Royer | Miriam Fico | Daniel DeBord
Source: PROTEOMICS (article, 2025-12-05)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

High‐Resolution Ion Mobility as an Alternative to Quadrupole‐Based Precursor Isolation for Reducing Chimeric Fragmentation Spectra in Bottom‐Up Proteomics To assess the potential for high resolution ion mobility (HRIM) as an alternative means of precursor isolation for mass spectrometry fragmentation analysis we performed a meta-analysis of predicted tryptic peptide features from the human proteome to measure the rate of chimeric spectrum generation relative to traditional quadrupole-based isolation. Results indicate that for proteomic mixtures, HRIM separation with a peak capacity of 100 produces chimeric spectra at a rate commensurate with a ∼5 Th quadrupole isolation window, while providing the additional benefit of generating non-chimeric spectra for many isobaric and isomeric peptides unresolvable with a quadrupole filter. This behavior was verified experimentally using a HRIM-QTOF mass spectrometry system. The ability to combine HRIM and MS isolation resulted in >10× increase in precursor isolation specificity as compared to either of the techniques independently. Mass spectrometry ; Fragmentation (computing) ; Isobaric labeling ; Proteomics ; Tandem mass spectrometry ; Proteome ; Peptide ; Ion-mobility spectrometry Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
Authors: Zhi Cao | Han Chen | Jiahao Min | Chenjie Xu
Source: Genome Medicine (article, 2025-10-17)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Proteomic landscape of multidimensional aging phenotypes Our findings facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the proteomic landscape of the multidimensional aging phenotypes, thereby providing an opportunity for personalized monitoring of aging and effective therapeutic strategies in aging-related diseases. Human genetics ; Phenotype ; Systems biology ; Proteomics ; Healthy aging ; Cellular Aging ; Translational bioinformatics ; Clinical phenotype Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks ; Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
Authors: Saeedeh Vanaei | Shiva Mohajerani | Pete Angelo Rocco | Mahyar Sojoodi | Mohammad Pourshams | Mohammad Elahinia
Source: Shape Memory and Superelasticity (article, 2025-06-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Toward Advancing Elastocaloric Performance in Shape Memory Alloys Through Additive Manufacturing: Novel Conceptual Designs and Preliminary Insights Abstract Over the past few decades, the elastocaloric effect (eCE) has emerged as the most promising alternative to vapor compression-based cooling and refrigeration devices. An overview of different forms of eC devices, based on the design of the material and the system, is captured with reported data on the cooling/heating power and efficiency. Besides experimental studies, numerical research and developed models for eCE are presented. The elastocaloric performance of NiTi Shape memory alloy has been considerably improved as a result of the unprecedented control over their microstructural, compositional, and geometrical characteristics that have been made possible by recent advancements in additive manufacturing (AM). This paper provides a thorough summary of the role of AM in the customization of NiTi-based SMAs for elastocaloric applications, with a particular emphasis on critical mechanisms such as microstructural refinement, phase stabilization, and architected design. Despite these advances, minimizing defects, managing compositional shifts, and assuring long-term cyclic stability need to be further investigated. This review emphasizes the transformative potential of AM in the development of next-generation elastocaloric materials and delineates future research directions for high-performance, scalable SMA-based cooling systems. To this end, an innovative concept of functionally graded eC material realized through additive manufacturing is introduced. These functionally graded structures pave the way to harnessing higher eC efficiency. The resulting eC materials can be 3D printed with optimal functionality and shapes. The optimized shapes, with a gradient of transformation temperatures, are expected, as described, to significantly improve the performance of the resulting systems. Shape-memory alloy ; Materials science ; Computer science ; Process engineering ; Engineering ; Metallurgy Shape Memory Alloy Transformations ; Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials ; Architecture and Cultural Influences
Authors: Mirjam van Bentum | Bertram Klinger | Anja Sieber | Sheyda Naghiloo | Henrik Zauber | Nadine Lehmann | Mohamed Haji | Sylvia Niquet | Philipp Mertins | Nils Blüthgen | Matthias Selbach
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2025-05-26)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Spike-in enhanced phosphoproteomics uncovers synergistic signaling responses to MEK inhibition in colon cancer cells Targeted kinase inhibitors are a cornerstone of cancer therapy, but their success is often hindered by the complexity of cellular signaling networks that can lead to resistance. Overcoming this challenge necessitates a deep understanding of cellular signaling responses. While standard global phosphoproteomics offers extensive insights, lengthy processing times, the complexity of data interpretation, and frequent omission of crucial phosphorylation sites limit its utility. Here, we combine data-independent acquisition (DIA) with spike-in of synthetic heavy stable isotope-labeled phosphopeptides to facilitate the targeted detection of particularly informative phosphorylation sites. Our spike-in enhanced detection in DIA (SPIED-DIA) approach integrates the improved sensitivity of spike-in-based targeted detection with the discovery potential of global phosphoproteomics into a simple workflow. We employed this method to investigate synergistic signaling responses in colorectal cancer cell lines following MEK inhibition. Our findings highlight that combining MEK inhibition with growth factor stimulation synergistically activates JNK signaling in HCT116 cells. This synergy emphasizes the therapeutic potential of concurrently targeting MEK and JNK pathways, as evidenced by the significantly impaired growth of HCT116 cells when treated with both inhibitors. Our results demonstrate that SPIED-DIA effectively identifies synergistic signaling responses in colorectal cancer cells, presenting a valuable tool for uncovering new therapeutic targets and strategies in cancer treatment. Phosphoproteomics ; Signal transduction ; Phosphorylation ; Colorectal cancer ; Kinase ; Cancer research ; Cancer ; Cancer cell ; Computational biology ; Biology ; Neuroscience ; Chemistry ; Cell biology ; Protein kinase A ; Protein phosphorylation ; Genetics Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
Authors: Bowen Ren | Chu Qi | Peixing Li | Xiaoluo He | Alex M. H. Wong
Source: Advanced Science (article, 2025-06-11)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

A Self‐Adaptive Reconfigurable Metasurface for Electromagnetic Wave Sensing and Dynamic Reflection Control In the past decade, reconfigurable metasurfaces have attracted significant attention. While existing reconfigurable metasurfaces require human intervention to switch functionalities, feature non-electromagnetic detection modalities or involve time-consuming and resource-intensive deep learning processes, in this work a simple real-time self-adaptive metasurface is reported that senses the direction of arrival of an incident wave, and adjusts its reflection accordingly. This proposed metasurface integrates sensing and reconfigurable reflection meta-atoms using a simple phase comparator and a lookup table. This eliminates auxiliary detection modalities and external controller units, achieving dramatic savings in response time, energy consumption and fabrication cost. As examples, we design and investigated metasurfaces which self-adaptively redirect or focus an incoming wave from any direction to a desired direction or location. It is experimentally demonstrated that the self-adaptive metasurface can reflect the incoming wave from any direction within ±50° to the normal reflection direction with great efficacy. Further, the metasurface self-adapts quickly, properly redirecting waves whose incidence angle changes by up to 12 deg/s with power consumption as low as 415 mW. Such metasurfaces provide an autonomous, computationally simple, cost-effective, energy efficient and real-time solution for a self-adaptive reflection control, and open exciting possibilities for wireless communication, radar sensing and related applications. Reflection (computer programming) ; Electromagnetic radiation ; Materials science ; Optoelectronics ; Computer science ; Optics ; Physics Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Antenna Design and Analysis
Authors: Georgi Todorov | Konstantin Kamberov | Todor Todorov
Source: Energies (article, 2025-08-19)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization of a Regenerative Heat Exchange System for Solid Oxide Electrolyzer-Based Hydrogen Production The article discusses a regenerative heat exchange system for a solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC) used in the production of green hydrogen. The heating system comprises four heat exchangers, one condenser heat exchanger, and a mixer evaporator. A pump and two throttle valves have been added to separate the hydrogen at an elevated steam condensation temperature. Assuming steady flow, a thermodynamic analysis was performed to validate the design and to predict the main parameters of the heating system. Numerical optimization was then used to determine the optimal temperature distribution, ensuring the lowest possible additional external energy requirement for the regenerative system. The proportions of energy gained through heat exchange were determined, and their distribution analyzed. The calculated thermal efficiency of the regenerative system is 75%, while its exergy efficiency is 73%. These results can be applied to optimize the design of heat exchangers for hydrogen production systems using SOECs. Hydrogen production ; Electrolysis ; High-temperature electrolysis ; Heat exchanger ; Production (economics) ; Oxide ; Process engineering ; Hydrogen ; Materials science ; Chemical engineering ; Chemistry ; Thermodynamics ; Metallurgy ; Engineering ; Physics ; Physical chemistry Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ; Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes ; Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems