jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Serhii Nosan | Alena Dyadenchuk
Source: E3S Web of Conferences (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Study of the influence of doping and layer thickness on the efficiency of ZnO/porous-Si/Si photoconverters The article investigates the effect of doping and layer thickness on the efficiency of solar cells based on the ZnO/porous-Si/Si heterojunction using PC1D simulation. The results show that optimizing the ZnO and porous-Si layers' thickness significantly affects the solar cell's performance. The maximum current value was achieved at a ZnO thickness of 10 μm and porous-Si of 1 μm. In comparison, with an increase in the thickness to 15 μm, the material approaches the bulk, which reduces the efficiency due to increased carrier recombination. A significant effect of the doping concentration of the ZnO film was found. When the doping concentration increased to 1019 cm⁻³, the highest efficiency was achieved – 22.6%. However, excessive doping causes increased carrier recombination, which leads to a decrease in cell performance. Materials science ; Doping ; Layer (electronics) ; Porosity ; Composite material ; Engineering physics ; Chemical engineering ; Optoelectronics ; Engineering Silicon Nanostructures and Photoluminescence ; ZnO doping and properties ; Thin-Film Transistor Technologies
Authors: V. V. Enaldiev
Source: Physical review. B./Physical review. B (article, 2025-06-24)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Quasibound layer-breathing phonons inside perfect dislocations of lattice-relaxed twisted transition metal dichalcogenide bilayers Using multiscale modelling we investigate layer-breathing phonons in MX$_2$ bilayers (M=Mo,W; X=S,Se) containing dislocations specific for lattice-relaxed moiré superlattices. The dislocations, forming in the bilayers with parallel and antiparallel alignment of layers, bring about spatial modulation of the interlayer distance, generating effective potentials that promote the emergence of one-dimensional quasi-bound bands of layer-breathing modes inside perfect dislocations. For parallel MX$_2$ bilayers, perfect dislocations host multiple quasi-bound bands, with frequencies above the layer-breathing mode in rhombohedral-stacked domains. In contrast, antiparallel bilayers exhibit only a single quasi-bound band arising for orientations close to the edge-dislocation type, having frequencies above the layer-breathing mode in 2H-stacked domains. Condensed matter physics ; Phonon ; Lattice (music) ; Materials science ; Transition metal ; Physics ; Chemistry 2D Materials and Applications ; Graphene research and applications ; Perovskite Materials and Applications
Authors: Zizhuo Liu | Hongxiao Li | Jiahao Chen | Anlan Chen | Shan Niu | Changlei Wu | Yongqiang Sun | Xingli Zhong | Hui Su | Hao Xu | Jinchuan Zhang | Jiang Wu | Fengqi Liu
Source: Sensors (article, 2025-07-24)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Tapered Quantum Cascade Laser Achieving Low Divergence Angle and High Output Power In this work, we present a high-performance tapered quantum cascade laser (QCL) designed to achieve both high output power and low divergence angle. By integrating a tapered waveguide with a Fabry-Perot structure, significant improvements of tapered QCL devices in both output power and beam quality are demonstrated. The optimized 50 µm wide tapered QCL achieved a maximum output power of 2.76 W in pulsed operation with a slope efficiency of 3.52 W/A and a wall-plug efficiency (WPE) of 16.2%, while reducing the divergence angle to 13.01°. The device maintained a maximum power of 1.34 W with a WPE exceeding 8.2%, measured under room temperature and continuous wave (CW) operation. Compared to non-tapered Fabry-Perot QCLs, the tapered devices exhibited a nearly 10-fold increase in output power and over 200% improvement in WPE. This work provides a promising pathway for advancing mid-infrared laser technology, particularly for applications requiring high power, low divergence, and temperature stability. Cascade ; Materials science ; Beam divergence ; Optics ; Quantum cascade laser ; Laser ; Optoelectronics ; Power (physics) ; Laser beam quality ; Slope efficiency ; Optical power ; Physics ; Wavelength ; Fiber laser ; Laser beams ; Engineering Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Atmospheric Ozone and Climate ; Laser Design and Applications
Authors: Qinxue Nie | Zhen Wang | Wei Ren
Source: Chinese Optics Letters (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy with continuous and fast wavelength tuning We report the development of cavity-enhanced laser absorption spectroscopy with continuous wavelength tuning using a dual-feedback locking scheme.A compact optical cavity of 8 cm is used for achieving an effective optical path of 80 m in a volume of only 10 mL.Compared to the traditional cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometers, our approach sweeps an absorption feature with a full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 420 MHz in 5 s, achieving a spectral resolution at the MHz level.We also introduce, to our knowledge, a novel method to easily and precisely calibrate the frequency tuning range.Our study proves the feasibility of conducting high-sensitivity, high-resolution, and rapidly tunable absorption spectroscopy in an optical cavity. Wavelength ; Spectroscopy ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Absorption spectroscopy ; Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies ; Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
Authors: Jian Sun | Xiaolu Xu | Su‐Huai Wei | Yanbao Yu
Source: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics (article, 2025-12-06)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

In-Cell Proteomics Enables High-Resolution Spatial and Temporal Mapping of Early Xenopus tropicalis Embryos Early embryonic development requires tightly regulated molecular programs to coordinate cell division, fate specification, and spatial patterning. While transcriptomic profiling has been widely performed, proteomic analyses of early vertebrate embryos remain limited owing to technical challenges in embryonic sample preparation. Here, we present an "in-cell proteomics" strategy, which bypasses cell lysis and yolk depletion, processes individual embryos directly in functionalized filter devices, and generates mass spectrometry (MS)-friendly samples in an extremely robust and streamlined manner. This single-vessel approach minimizes sample loss and technical variation, offering a highly sensitive and accurate alternative to low-input and low-cell quantitative proteomics. Coupled with field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry and single-shot data-independent acquisition MS workflow, this approach enabled us to consistently quantify ∼6200 proteins from a single Xenopus tropicalis embryo, representing the deepest proteomic coverage of early X. tropicalis developmental stages reported to date. Investigation of the temporal proteomes across five cleavage stages (from 1- to 16-cell stages) revealed a drastic proteomic shift between 2- and 4-cell stages, followed by more gradual transitions thereafter. Spatial analysis of dissected 8-cell blastomeres uncovered pronounced molecular asymmetry along the animal-vegetal axis, whereas dorsal-ventral differences were minimal. This study establishes a novel in-cell proteomics technology in conjunction with field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry and data-independent acquisition MS as a robust platform for high-resolution, low-input developmental proteomics analysis and provides a comprehensive spatiotemporal protein atlas for early X. tropicalis embryos. Proteomics ; Proteome ; Blastomere ; Xenopus ; Quantitative proteomics ; Transcriptome ; Embryo ; Mass spectrometry Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
Authors: Disha Dhoke | Om Ghadi | Atharva Lad | Gauresh Narvekar | Aarti Rawool | Marcel Naik | Ashok Kumar Yadav
Source: International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews (article, 2025-04-01)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Motor Operated Coconut Husk Remover Machine The Coconut Husk Remover Machine is a mechanical device designed to efficiently remove the husk from coconuts, leaving the inner shell intact.The machine simplifies the process of husking coconuts, reducing labour and increasing productivity.The Compact Coconut Husk Remover Machine is a cost-effective, efficient solution for small-scale coconut processing.Powered by a 0.5 HP motor, CHRM automatically removes coconut husks, reducing labour costs and increasing productivity.Its compact design and adjustable settings accommodate various coconut sizes, ensuring optimal husking.The Coconut Husk Remover Machine (CHRM) is an innovative solution designed to efficiently remove coconut husks, streamlining coconut processing operations.This machine aims to reduce labour costs, increase productivity, and enhance product quality.CHRM features an automatic husking mechanism, adjustable settings for varying coconut sizes, and safety features ensuring operator protection.The coconut industry continues to face challenges in terms of manual husk removal due to labour shortages, physical strain, and inconsistent quality.This project presents the development and fabrication of a motor and gearbox-operated coconut husk remover.The system is powered by a 0.5 HP motor with an A162 gearbox, featuring an input shaft of 15 mm and output shaft of 19 mm.The frame structure is designed with high-grade stainless steel to resist corrosion and ensure long-term use.Safety, efficiency, and simplicity are the core principles of the design.This report outlines the research, design methodologies, fabrication process, peer feedback, improvements implemented, and concluding remarks, along with appendices and references. Husk ; Pulp and paper industry ; Environmental science ; Waste management ; Engineering ; Biology ; Botany Coconut Research and Applications
Authors: Jiwon Ma | Eunyeong Yang | Changwook Lee | Jisoo Seok | Jiwon Chang
Source: Small (article, 2025-09-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Large‐Scale Implementation of Vertical Sidewall and Vertical Multi‐Channel WS <sub>2</sub> Nanosheet Field‐Effect Transistors for Area‐Efficient Integrated Circuit 2D materials have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation field-effect transistors (FETs) owing to the atomically thin geometry and excellent electrostatic gate control. Here, double-gate vertical sidewall FETs based on chemical vapor deposition-grown monolayer WS<sub>2</sub> are demonstrated and, for the first time, report vertical multi-channel nanosheet FETs (NSFETs). By implementing a dual-step sidewall profile, steep SiO<sub>2</sub> surfaces are obtained, which enabled seamless WS<sub>2</sub> adhesion and contributed to enhanced device yield. The fabricated vertical sidewall WS<sub>2</sub> FETs exhibited good subthreshold swing (SS) and effectively suppressed short-channel effects at channel length as short as 150 nm. Logic gates including inverters, NAND, NOR, AND, OR, and SRAM are integrated using vertical sidewall and planar WS<sub>2</sub> FETs, validating the feasibility of area-efficient integrated circuit. Furthermore, improved drive current is achieved in vertical multi-channel NSFETs realized by stacking WS<sub>2</sub> channels and employing a gate-all-around-like structure. These results highlight the potential of vertical sidewall FETs for enabling area-efficient, ultra-dense integrated circuits. Materials science ; Optoelectronics ; Nanosheet ; Transistor ; Field-effect transistor ; Nanotechnology ; Channel (broadcasting) ; Integrated circuit ; Electronic circuit ; NAND gate ; Logic gate ; Chemical vapor deposition ; Planar ; Electrical engineering ; Computer science ; Voltage ; Engineering 2D Materials and Applications ; MXene and MAX Phase Materials ; Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices
Authors: Jun Kang | Xiaohui Li | Jensen Li | Shiwei Zhou | Fujie Wang | Guolu Ma | Qingmin Di | Yang Jin | Jiale Li | Ke Wang | Jianjun Yang
Source: Journal of Physics Conference Series (article, 2025-06-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Comparison of Breakdown Characteristics of SF6 in Extremely Non-Uniform Fields under Oscillation and Aperiodic Lightning Impulses Abstract SF6 gas has good insulation properties and is widely used in power equipment. The impulse withstand voltage test is an important measure to ensure the safe and reliable operation of power equipment. Among them, oscillating lightning impulse (OLI) and aperiodic lightning impulse (ALI) are both suitable for the field, but the understanding of the clarity of the similarities and differences between the two types of waveforms is still not evident. Therefore, it is essential to initially examine the discharge characteristics of insulation defects under OLI and ALI. The article develops a high-voltage conductor protrusion defect, typical of insulation defects in power equipment, and analyses its breakdown characteristics under OLI and ALI First, a generator for impulse voltage has been developed to create two types of OLI and two types of ALI; then a high-voltage conductor protrusion defect is constructed in a 363kV GIS, with a protrusion length of 12mm and an end curvature radius of 0.4mm, and then its 50% breakdown voltage and voltage-time characteristics are studied through experiments. The study demonstrates that the 50% breakdown voltage difference under OLI and ALI is quite insignificant. and from the perspective of detecting protrusion defects, they are equivalent; with the increase of wavefront time, the breakdown points under OLI are concentrated near each wave crest, and the voltage-time characteristics are dispersed, while under ALI they are continuously distributed near the wave crest. The study’s outcomes increase our grasp of the extreme non-uniform field discharge phenomenon in SF6 under oscillating lightning impulses, and also offer guidance for the scientific selection of waveform parameters for on-site impulse voltage withstand tests of power equipment.… Aperiodic graph ; Oscillation (cell signaling) ; Lightning (connector) ; Physics ; Mathematics ; Chemistry ; Power (physics) ; Quantum mechanics High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Plasma Diagnostics and Applications ; Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation
Authors: Vitalina Karfik | Marvin Mohlfeld | Hans Bethge | A. Meier-Dinkel | Aki Michael Höltken | Traud Winkelmann
Source: Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) (article, 2025-12-22)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Developing an improved protocol for micropropagation of sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) Abstract Sycamore maple ( Acer pseudoplatanus L.) is an ecologically and economically important hardwood in Central Europe. For high-value genotypes, like wavy grain maple, in vitro propagation offers a promising tool for targeted multiplication and conservation. This study contributed to an optimised micropropagation protocol by testing disinfection protocols, silver nitrate supplementation, cytokinin type, and light conditions. Winter buds from 36 donor trees were disinfected with either sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC). NaDCC markedly reduced contamination (5.2% vs. 42.2% for NaOCl in crown buds) and simplified handling, recommending it for routine application. Across genotypes, 11.8 µM silver nitrate significantly enhanced multiplication (up to 3.4-fold), elongation and shoot quality, particularly in difficult-to-propagate genotypes. Trans-zeatin riboside showed minor, genotype-specific advantages over trans-zeatin, whereas sterilisation method (filter-sterilisation vs. autoclaving) had no effect. Light intensity was the main driver of multiplication and biomass accumulation, with optimal results at 50–60 µmol m⁻² s⁻¹. Red-enriched spectra (RB ratios of 3:1 or 1:1) further promoted multiplication and elongation, but higher irradiance reduced SPAD values and induced anthocyanin pigmentation, suggesting potential light-induced stress. The combination of NaDCC disinfection, silver nitrate supplementation, trans-zeatin riboside, and tailored light regimes provided a reproducible framework for efficient sycamore maple micropropagation. These findings support genotype-specific protocol adjustments to balance morphological gains with physiological quality, enabling effective clonal production of elite timber genotypes. Sodium hypochlorite ; Micropropagation ; Maple ; Shoot ; Cytokinin ; Sugar ; Silver nitrate Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds ; Plant tissue culture and regeneration ; Plant Surface Properties and Treatments
Authors: Dr.I.SRI PHANI SUSHMA
Source: INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT (article, 2025-04-18)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Fabrication and Analysis of Motorized Sand Sieving Machine In today's world, construction becomes most common in anywhere. Which requires lot of materials like sand,cement,chips,bricks and water..etc which place an important role in building,bridges,roads constructions..etc whatever it may be the type of construction the construction of this all materials with superior quality gives strength to the specific construction one such task is preparation of material which is well known for its challenges the main team of this operation is to filter the sand like separation of fine grain sand from the unwanted particles of stones. To address this issue, we have Semi automatic motorised shaving machine. This machine is well suited for sieving the sand asrequired green size .Moreover it is cost- effective and efficient. KEYWORDS : Mild Steel table structure, wooden frame, sieve/mesh, Pitman rod, bearings and motor. Fabrication ; Process engineering ; Computer science ; Engineering Metal Alloys Wear and Properties ; Mechanical stress and fatigue analysis ; Metallurgy and Material Forming
Authors: Yongkang Shi | Renyi Qin | Yiming Li
Source: Biomedicines (article, 2025-12-09)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Post-Translational Modifications: Key “Regulators” of Pancreatic Cancer Malignant Phenotype—Advances in Mechanisms and Targeted Therapies Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy characterised by its invasive nature and poor therapeutic outcomes. These characteristics are closely associated with its complex biological characteristics and significant heterogeneity. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) have been identified as critical regulatory mechanisms through which cells respond to environmental changes and play a pivotal role in signal transduction. The various types of PTMs and their intricate regulatory mechanisms have a profound influence on multiple stages of pancreatic cancer progression. Research has demonstrated that PTMs modulate protein stability, activity, subcellular localization, and protein-protein interactions. The present review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of PTMs in pancreatic cancer, with a particular emphasis on phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, acetylation, lactylation, and O-GlcNAcylation. This study illuminates the molecular mechanisms and functional regulatory networks of PTMs within the distinctive tumour microenvironment of pancreatic cancer. Moreover, we summarise targeted therapeutic strategies directed at PTMs in pancreatic cancer to provide insights for future research and treatment development. Pancreatic cancer ; Malignancy ; Cancer ; Mechanism (biology) ; Tumor microenvironment ; Signal transduction Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways ; 14-3-3 protein interactions
Authors: Riku O Korkiamäki | Chandan Thapa | Hannah J Green | Jari Ylänne
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2025-10-24)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Drak is a potential binding partner of Drosophila Filamin Mechanosensing involves proteins detecting mechanical changes in the cytoskeleton or at cell adhesion sites. These interactions initiate signaling cascades that produce biochemical effects such as post-translational modifications or cytoskeletal rearrangements. Filamin is a ubiquitous mechanosensing protein that binds actin filaments and senses pulling forces within the cytoskeleton. Drosophila Filamin (Cheerio) is structurally similar to mammalian Filamin, with roles in egg chamber development, embryo cellularization, and integrity of muscle attachment sites and Z discs in Drosophila indirect flight muscles (IFMs). Here we report a potential novel binding partner of Drosophila Filamins: the death-associated protein kinase Drak that functions as a myosin light chain kinase. We found that Drak biochemically bound to an open mutant of Filamin that resembles the mechanically activated form partially bound to wild type Filamin and did not bind to closed mutant of Filamin. The interaction site was mapped to the intrinsically unfolded C-terminal region of Drak. To study the functional role of Drak-Filamin interaction, we studied two developmental events where Drak has been earlier shown to be expressed and where Filamin also functions: early embryonic cellularization and indirect flight muscle development at pupal stages. We found partial colocalization between Drak-GFP and Filamin-mCherry during the initiation of cellularization furrow, and at the time of myotube attachment site maturation in tendon cells. However, functionally we could not show direct correlation between Filamin and Drak. Our studies reveal interesting new expression patterns of Drak during Drosophila development and provide detailed information about Filamin localization during IFM development. Filamin ; FLNA ; Myosin ; Myogenesis ; Mechanotransduction ; Cytoskeleton ; Actin Liquid Crystal Research Advancements ; Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior ; Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology