jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Manuel Zahn | Aaron Merlin Müller | Kyle P. Kelley | Sabine M. Neumayer | Sergei V. Kalinin | I. Kézsmárki | M. Fiebig | Thomas Lottermoser | Neus Domingo | Dennis Meier | Jan Schultheiß
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2025-02-19)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Reversible long-range domain wall motion in an improper ferroelectric Reversible ferroelectric domain wall movements beyond the 10 nm range associated with Rayleigh behavior are usually restricted to specific defect-engineered systems. Here, we demonstrate that such long-range movements naturally occur in the improper ferroelectric ErMnO<sub>3</sub> during electric-field-cycling. We study the electric-field-driven motion of domain walls, showing that they readily return to their initial position after having traveled distances exceeding 250 nm. By applying switching spectroscopy band-excitation piezoresponse force microscopy, we track the domain wall movement with nanometric spatial precision and analyze the local switching behavior. Phase field simulations show that the reversible long-range motion is intrinsic to the hexagonal manganites, linking it to their improper ferroelectricity and topologically protected structural vortex lines, which serve as anchor point for the ferroelectric domain walls. Our results give new insight into the local dynamics of domain walls in improper ferroelectrics and demonstrate the possibility to reversibly displace domain walls over much larger distances than commonly expected for ferroelectric systems in their pristine state, ensuring predictable device behavior for applications such as tunable capacitors or sensors. Ferroelectricity ; Electric field ; Piezoresponse force microscopy ; Domain wall (magnetism) ; Materials science ; Domain (mathematical analysis) ; Condensed matter physics ; Field (mathematics) ; Ferroelectric polymers ; Physics ; Optoelectronics ; Magnetic field ; Magnetization Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials ; Multiferroics and related materials ; Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies
Authors: Baptiste Chartier | Nadège Hamon | Dina Akl | Annika Sickinger | Léo Corne | Guillaume Micouin | Ákos Bányász | Olivier Maury | Sule Erbek | Véronique Martel‐Frachet | Alexeï Grichine | Maryline Beyler | Olivier Sénèque | Raphaël Tripier
Source: Chemistry - A European Journal (article, 2025-07-24)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Clickable Pyclen‐Based Luminescent Lanthanide Complexes: Application to Two‐Photon Microscopy Lanthanide luminescent bioprobes incorporating a reactive group for the functionalization of biomolecules via click chemistry are of high interest for the straightforward preparation of smart luminescent tools for biological imaging and sensing applications. This article describes the synthesis and the photophysical properties of two lanthanide complexes based on the pyclen macrocycle bearing a terminal alkyne group on its pyridine moiety and a 4-(4-alkylthiophenyl)picolinate charge transfer chromophore to sensitize the lanthanide luminescence. The Eu<sup>3+</sup> and Sm<sup>3+</sup> complexes show excellent two-photon absorption and emission properties. These complexes were conjugated to a cell penetrating peptide bearing an azide via copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. The resulting conjugates exhibit luminescence properties comparable to those of the parent alkyne-complex. Two-photon microscopy imaging of live HeLa cells was performed with both the Eu<sup>3+</sup> and the Sm<sup>3+</sup> conjugates. These bioprobes are efficiently delivered to the cytosol of the living cells. The Eu<sup>3+</sup> luminescence was detected in cells even at very low incubation concentration (50 nM) and the Sm<sup>3+</sup> complex gave excellent quality images despite a low emission quantum yield (< 1 %). Lanthanide ; Luminescence ; Chromophore ; Photochemistry ; Alkyne ; Moiety ; Cycloaddition ; Chemistry ; Azide ; Conjugated system ; Materials science ; Combinatorial chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Catalysis ; Optoelectronics ; Polymer ; Ion Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes ; Click Chemistry and Applications ; Nanocluster Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Andrea Tognazzi | Paolo Franceschini | Jonas Biechteler | Enrico Baù | Alfonso Carmelo Cino | Andreas Tittl | Costantino De Angelis | Luca Sortino
Source: Light Science & Applications (article, 2025-09-29)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Interface second harmonic generation enhancement in bulk WS2/MoS2 hetero-bilayer van der Waals nanoantennas Layered van der Waals (vdW) materials have emerged as a promising platform for nanophotonics due to large refractive indexes and giant optical anisotropy. Unlike conventional dielectrics and semiconductors, the absence of covalent bonds between layers allows for novel degrees of freedom in designing optically resonant nanophotonic structures down to the atomic scale: from the precise stacking of vertical heterostructures to controlling the twist angle between crystallographic axes. Specifically, although monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit giant second-order nonlinear responses, their bulk counterparts with 2H stacking possess zero second-order nonlinearity. In this work, we investigate second harmonic generation (SHG) arising from the interface of WS<sub>2</sub>/MoS<sub>2</sub> hetero-bilayer thin films with an additional SHG enhancement in nanostructured optical antennas, mediated by both the excitonic resonances and the anapole-driven field enhancement. When both conditions are met, we observe up to 10<sup>2</sup> SHG signal enhancement, compared to unstructured bilayers, with SHG conversion efficiency reaching ≈ 10<sup>-7</sup>. Our results highlights vdW materials as a platform for designing unique multilayer optical nanostructures and metamaterial, paving the way for advanced applications in nanophotonics and nonlinear optics. Nanophotonics ; Second-harmonic generation ; Stacking ; van der Waals force ; Nonlinear optics ; Heterojunction ; Dielectric 2D Materials and Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Nanowire Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Yanting Jiang | Samuel Peña‐Díaz | Z H Zhang | Anders Ogechi Hostrup Daugberg | Marcos López Hernández | Janni Nielsen | Q. Huang | Shenghan Qin | Morten Simonsen Dueholm | Mingdong Dong | Jan Skov Pedersen | Qin Cao | Daniel E. Otzen | Huabing Wang
Source: Advanced Materials (article, 2025-06-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Natural Design of a Stabilized Cross‐β Fold: Structure of the FuA <i>FapC</i> from <i>Pseudomonas</i> Sp. UK4 Reveals a Critical Role for Stacking of Imperfect Repeats An essential structural component of bacterial biofilms is functional amyloid (FuA), which also has great potential as an engineerable nano-biomaterial. However, experimentally based high resolution structures of FuA that resolve individual residues are lacking. A fully experimentally based 3.2 Å resolution cryo-electron microscopy density map of the FuA protein FapC from Pseudomonas sp. UK4 is presented, which reveals a Greek key-shaped protofilament. The structure supports bioinformatic identification of conserved motifs and is broadly consistent with the AlphaFold prediction but with important modifications. Each FapC monomer consists of three imperfect repeats (IRs), with each repeat forming one cross-β layer. An array of highly conserved Asn and Gln residues with an extensive H-bonding network underpins this conserved Greek key-shape and reveals the role of heterogeneous cross-β stacking in amyloid cross-seeding. The covariation of residues in the hydrophobic core among different IRs suggests a cooperative monomer folding process during fibril elongation, while heterogeneous stacking of IRs reduces charge repulsion between layers to stabilize the monomer fold. The FapC fibrils show intrinsic catalytic activity and strain-dependent nanomechanical properties. Combined with mutagenesis data, the structure provides mechanistic insights into formation of FapC FuA from disordered monomers and a structural foundation for the design of novel biomaterials. Stacking ; Materials science ; Fold (higher-order function) ; Crystallography ; Polymer science ; Physics ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Engineering ; Mechanical engineering ; Chemistry Enzyme Structure and Function ; Mitochondrial Function and Pathology ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
Authors: Ji Wang | Guolong Wang | Zhenkai Zhu | Wenwu Zhang
Source: Nanomaterials (article, 2025-02-13)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Study on the Superhydrophobic Properties of Micro/Nano Hole Structure on the Surface of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics Based on Femtosecond Laser Etching A method of femtosecond laser multi-pulse grid-like point etching (MP-GPE) was used to prepare glass fiber reinforced plastics with superhydrophobic properties. This article investigates the influence trend of single-pulse energy (5-35 μJ) and etching pulse number (20-100) on the morphology of surface concave holes, including depth and width. Different combinations of process parameters have a modulating effect on the size of the concave hole structure and the ablation of the reinforced plastics. At a single-pulse energy of 25 μJ and 60 pulse numbers, the depth of the concave holes increases to the maximum of approximately 63 μm, and the width of the upper surface of the concave holes is approximately 33 μm. Under these conditions, the maximum water contact angle of 160.6° is obtained, which is consistent with the theoretical calculation results of 161.6°. This is very promising for the power industry to use this material in low-temperature, drag-reducing environments. Materials science ; Femtosecond ; Nano- ; Etching (microfabrication) ; Composite material ; Laser ; Nanotechnology ; Optoelectronics ; Optics Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity ; Electrohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics ; Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer
Authors: Weixiong Zhao | Nana Yang | Renzhi Hu | Bo Fang | Jiacheng Zhou | Chuan‐Yao Lin | Feihu Cheng | Pinhua Xie | Weijun Zhang
Source: Advances in Atmospheric Sciences (article, 2025-01-24)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Development and Application of Cavity-based Absorption Spectroscopy in Atmospheric Chemistry: Recent Progress Abstract Atmospheric chemistry research and atmospheric measurement techniques have mutually promoted each other and developed rapidly in China in recent years. Cavity-based absorption spectroscopy, which uses a high-finesse cavity to achieve very long absorption path-length, thereby achieving ultra-high detection sensitivity, plays an extremely important role in atmospheric chemistry research. Based on the Beer–Lambert law, this technology has the unique advantages of being non-destructive, chemical-free, and highly selective. It does not require any sample preparation and can quantitatively analyze atmospheric trace gases in real time and in situ. In this paper, we review the following: (1) key technological advances in different cavity-based absorption spectroscopy techniques, including cavity ring-down spectroscopy, cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy, cavity attenuated phase shift spectroscopy, and their extensions; and (2) applications of these techniques in the detection of atmospheric reactive species, such as total peroxy radical, formaldehyde, and reactive nitrogen (e.g., NO x , HONO, peroxy nitrates, and alkyl nitrates). The review systematically introduces cavity-based absorption spectroscopy techniques and their applications in atmospheric chemistry, which will help promote further communication and cooperation in the fields of laser spectroscopy and atmospheric chemistry. Cavity ring-down spectroscopy ; Spectroscopy ; Atmospheric chemistry ; Absorption spectroscopy ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Differential optical absorption spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Materials science ; Environmental chemistry ; Optics ; Organic chemistry ; Physics ; Ozone Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Atmospheric Ozone and Climate ; Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
Authors: Nicolò Galvani | Olivier Pitois | Sylvie Cohen‐Addad
Source: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science (article, 2025-05-09)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Coarsening of bubble assemblies: From dry foams to dilute bubbly liquids For the first time, by combining our results with recent data obtained aboard the International Space Station using the same surfactant, we achieve coverage of the full range of liquid fractions characterizing liquid foam coarsening, from 2% to 38%, significantly expanding the range studied to date. This leads us to propose a model that describes coarsening over this entire range, accounting for both osmotic pressure effects and contact adhesion effects at higher liquid fractions. Similarly, for the first time, we have data covering the full range of liquid fractions characterizing the coarsening of bubbly liquids, from 45% to 96%, allowing us to compare existing models and identify the most robust ones. Finally, we can map the evolution of coarsening rates over a broad range, from 2% to 96%, thereby highlighting the overall impact of dispersed phase fraction on coarsening. This provides a valuable new tool to tackle coarsening effects in diphasic systems. Bubble ; Chemical engineering ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Mechanics ; Physics ; Engineering Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization ; CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions ; Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques
Authors: Laura Kreidberg | Kevin B. Stevenson
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (article, 2025-09-22)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

A first look at rocky exoplanets with JWST Rocky exoplanet characterization has been a top priority for early James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) science operations. Several milestones have been achieved, including the most precise rocky planet transmission spectra measured to date, and the first detection of thermal emission for rocky worlds below 800 K. Despite these advances, no atmospheres have been definitively detected. Several transmission spectra show tentative evidence for molecular absorption features, but these hints are marginally significant and the spectra may be affected by stellar contamination. Features from many plausible atmospheres, including those dominated by oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide, are below the current noise level. Meanwhile, the emerging picture from thermal emission spectra is that the planets have hot daysides, consistent with either a bare rock composition or low surface pressure atmospheres ([Formula: see text]10 bar). Higher surface pressures and high carbon dioxide abundances are generally ruled out, assuming cloud-free atmosphere models. The absence of strong CO<sub>2</sub> features hints at a limited initial volatile inventory or rapid atmospheric escape during the planets' early lifetimes. Taken together, these results motivate a push toward higher precision data, as well as observations of cooler planets that may be more likely to retain atmospheres. As a goal for future transmission spectroscopy, we suggest a "five scale height challenge," to achieve the precision necessary to detect CO<sub>2</sub> features in nitrogen-rich atmospheres. Detecting rocky planet atmospheres remains challenging, but with JWST's excellent performance and a continuing investment of telescope time, we are optimistic these uncharted atmospheres will be detected in coming years. Exoplanet ; Planet ; James Webb Space Telescope ; Atmosphere (unit) ; Spectral line ; Atmospheric escape ; Terrestrial planet ; Thermal emission ; Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Atmospheric Ozone and Climate ; Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
Authors: Fathy Abdel-Wahab | Manal Abdel-Baki | S. Ibrahim | Mahmoud Abdelnabi | Heba Abdelmaksoud
Source: Applied Physics A (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Ceramics and Composites

Investigation of oxygen defects in chromium-doped borosilicate glass co-doped with alkali metal (Na2O) and transition metal (ZnO) for photonic applications Abstract A series of chromium borosilicate glasses double doped with Na 2 O and ZnO are prepared by melt quenching technique. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) showed a uniform distribution of ZnO within the glass matrix. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy identified borate-oxygen defects while optical absorbance revealed that chromium Cr 2 O 3 is composed of Cr 6+ and Cr 3+ oxidation states. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) validated the presence of borate and chromium-related defects via O1s, B1s, and Cr peaks. The substitution of Na 2 O with ZnO as polarizable component, proved presence of Zn 2+ and Zn 4+ cations which enables ZnO to act as both roles of glass modifier and a former. The evaluated optical linear refractive index and extinction coefficient in the spectral range 400–2500 nm showed an increase in the refractive index which is attributed to zinc’s high polarizability and limited tendency for tetrahedral coordination. The optical energy gap is positively correlated with increasing ZnO content in mol.%. The impact of ZnO concentration on wavelength at zero material dispersion (λ WZMD ) was also calculated and compared to silicate and germinate glasses proved suitability of the studied glass for photonic applications particularly data transmission in the wavelength range 1.6024–1.8855 μm. Thermal parameters were calculated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to evaluate glass forming ability dependence on the introduced ZnO. Borosilicate glass ; Materials science ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ; Chromium ; Refractive index ; Borate glass ; Zinc borate ; Differential scanning calorimetry ; Band gap ; Dopant ; Glass transition ; Doping ; Chemistry ; Chemical engineering ; Optoelectronics ; Metallurgy ; Polymer Glass properties and applications ; Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials ; Pigment Synthesis and Properties
Authors: Huiying Li | Sheng Cao | L. Bao | Yuwei Liu | Junyao Chen | S. N. Qin | Lin Huang | Lingyu Wan
Source: Laser & Photonics Review (article, 2025-01-10)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Dynamic Multicolor Display with Wide Color Gamut Enabled by Vanadium Oxide‐Based Fabry–Pérot Electrochromic Nanocavities Abstract Inorganic electrochromic (EC) devices with vibrant multicolor variations are at the forefront of EC technology and play a crucial role in display applications. Expanding the dynamic color gamut of a single EC device has long been a subject of investigation. Herein, a design is presented that employs vanadium oxide (VO x ) as the EC layer and tungsten (W) as the reflective layer to construct an asymmetric Fabry–Pérot (F–P) nanocavity, enabling wide color gamut EC displays. By leveraging the different thicknesses of VO x , this design allows for a range of color changes from yellow and orange to magenta, purple, blue, cyan, and green through dynamic EC modulation. Notably, a typical single W‐VO x (150 nm) F–P nanocavity demonstrates an impressive modulation range of 110 nm, exceeding the capabilities of existing F–P nanocavities. In‐depth structural analysis reveals that the insertion and extraction of Li + ions significantly influence the microstructure and optical properties of VO x film, allowing for greater refractive index adjustment than WO 3 . This facilitates precise control and expansion of the nanocavity's color range through interference effects. This study provides a new perspective for developing dynamically adjustable wide color gamut EC displays and highlights their potential applications in flexible display technologies. Gamut ; Electrochromism ; Materials science ; Fabry–Pérot interferometer ; Structural coloration ; Optoelectronics ; Computer science ; Computer graphics (images) ; Computer vision ; Chemistry Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials ; Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies ; Photonic Crystals and Applications
Authors: Yishuai Wang | Siyuan Hong | Wenze Pan | Yi Zhou | Yanwu Xie
Source: Physical Review X (article, 2025-01-14)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Superconducting Quantum Oscillations and Anomalous Negative Magnetoresistance in a Honeycomb Nanopatterned Oxide Interface Superconductor The extremely low superfluid density and unprecedented tunability of oxide interface superconductors provide an ideal platform for studying fluctuations in two-dimensional superconductors. In this work, we fabricate an <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><a:mrow><a:msub><a:mrow><a:mi>LaAlO</a:mi></a:mrow><a:mn>3</a:mn></a:msub><a:mo stretchy="false">/</a:mo><a:msub><a:mrow><a:mi>KTaO</a:mi></a:mrow><a:mn>3</a:mn></a:msub></a:mrow></a:math> interface superconductor patterned with a nanohoneycomb array of insulating islands. Little-Parks-like magnetoresistance oscillations are observed, which are dictated by the superconducting flux quantum <d:math xmlns:d="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><d:mrow><d:mi>h</d:mi><d:mo stretchy="false">/</d:mo><d:mn>2</d:mn><d:mi>e</d:mi></d:mrow></d:math>. Moreover, an anomalous negative magnetoresistance (ANMR) appears under a weak magnetic field, suggesting magnetic-field-enhanced superconductivity. By examining their dependences on temperature, measurement current, and electrical gating, we conclude that both phenomena are associated with superconducting order parameter: The <g:math xmlns:g="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><g:mrow><g:mi>h</g:mi><g:mo stretchy="false">/</g:mo><g:mn>2</g:mn><g:mi>e</g:mi></g:mrow></g:math> oscillations provide direct evidence of Cooper-pair transport, and the ANMR is interpreted as a consequence of multiple connected narrow superconducting paths with strong fluctuations. Magnetoresistance ; Superconductivity ; Condensed matter physics ; Superfluidity ; Physics ; Magnetic field ; Cooper pair ; Quantum mechanics Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides ; Advanced Condensed Matter Physics ; Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials
Authors: Yi Shi | Beibei Wang | Kui Du | Yanan Liu | Ruiqi Kang | Shaokai Wang | Jiayu Zhang | Yizhuo Gu | Min Li
Source: Polymers (article, 2025-02-09)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Process Monitoring for Vacuum-Assisted Resin Infusion by Using Carbon Nanotube-Based Sensors This paper developed a carbon nanotube (CNT)-coated aramid fiber sensor, which was successfully used to monitor the resin flow front and sense the fluid pressure difference during the (VARI) process. The electrical resistance change of the CNT-coated fiber sensor was compared with that of buckypaper materials. The results show that the electrical resistances of CNT sensors show rapid growth successively along the infusion direction once the flow front reaches the sensor position during resin infusion in the VARI process. The electrical resistance of CNT-coated fiber sensors may increase by as much as 12 times after full impregnation. For the thicker preform, the resistance change Δ<i>R</i>/<i>R</i><sub>0</sub> of sensors on the top surface is closely related to fluid pressure, and bigger fluid pressure close to the inlet may result in a larger Δ<i>R</i>/<i>R</i><sub>0</sub>. Two competitive factors affecting the electrical resistance of a CNT-coated sensor are revealed: aramid fiber tow swelling due to resin impregnation, and the compaction effect arising from resin pressure on the CNT network. In addition, the sensors on the top surface show a bigger Δ<i>R</i>/<i>R</i><sub>0</sub> than the bottom ones, and as the preform thickness decreases, these sensors tend to show smaller Δ<i>R</i>/<i>R</i><sub>0</sub>. Materials science ; Buckypaper ; Composite material ; Carbon nanotube ; Aramid ; Electrical resistance and conductance ; Pressure sensor ; Electrical resistivity and conductivity ; Sheet resistance ; Fiber ; Compaction ; Layer (electronics) ; Mechanical engineering ; Electrical engineering Carbon Nanotubes in Composites ; Smart Materials for Construction ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials