jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Minghui Mao | Jun Chang | Jiachen Sun | Shan C. Lin | Zihan Wang
Source: Photonics (article, 2023-06-11)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Research on VMD-Based Adaptive TDLAS Signal Denoising Method We propose an adaptive algorithm that is a Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) optimized by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, named PSO-VMD. The method selects the envelope entropy of the last intrinsic mode function (IMF) in the VMD as the fitness function of the PSO and 1/10 of the maximum value of the correlation coefficient between the IMFs and the standard signal as the threshold of the correlation coefficient. In the processing of simulated and experimental second harmonic signals, a series of standards, including the same correlation coefficient threshold and standard signal, are used to adaptively achieve noise reduction processing. After processing a simulated signal using PSO-VMD, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was improved by 4.03877 dB and the correlation coefficient (R2) between the gas concentration and the second harmonic maximum was improved from 0.97743 to 0.99782. In the processing of an experimental signal, the correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.99733. The mean value and standard deviation of the second harmonic signal of multiple cycles processed by PSO-VMD were improved compared to the unprocessed experimental signal. This demonstrated that the method has the advantage of being reliable and stable. Correlation coefficient ; Particle swarm optimization ; SIGNAL (programming language) ; Standard deviation ; Signal processing ; Harmonic ; Noise reduction ; Algorithm ; Mathematics ; Physics ; Computer science ; Statistics ; Acoustics ; Digital signal processing Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques
Authors: Joanna Wolska | Malwina Muńko | Hussein El Siblani | Igor Telegeiev | Marcin Frankowski | Anna Szwajca | Justyna Walkowiak-Kulikowska | Mohamad El-Roz | Łukasz Wolski
Source: Journal of environmental chemical engineering (article, 2023-06-26)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

The influence of cross-linking density on the efficiency of post-synthetic sulfonation of hyper-cross-linked polymers and their adsorption capacity for antibiotic pollutants Adsorption ; Polymer ; Chemistry ; Chemisorption ; Pollutant ; Chemical engineering ; Organic chemistry Covalent Organic Framework Applications ; Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
Authors: Rafaela R. da Rosa | Susete N. Fernandes | Michel Mitov | M. H. Godinho
Source: Advanced Functional Materials (article, 2023-08-04)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Cellulose and Chitin Twisted Structures: From Nature to Applications Abstract Twisted structures are ubiquitous in plants and animals. Cellulose and chitin are natural polymers that form the structural skeleton of various twisted systems observed across different length scales, ranging from the molecular to the nano, micro, and macro scale. In addition, cellulose and chitin helicoidal structures are found to be responsible for structural coloration, enhanced mechanical properties, and motion. This review first addresses cellulose and chitin‐based chiral molecular systems and nanoscale helicoidal arrangements. Attention is given to cellulose nanocrystals, water interactions, out‐of‐equilibrium structural colorful structures formed by cellulose derivatives, and chitin's optical and mechanical properties. The discussion progresses to the micro and millimeter scales, where specific examples are presented to showcase specialized helical cellulose‐based organizations. The chosen examples illustrate the formation of different helicities, adaptative shapes, and movements at varying length scales, such as in vascular leaf petioles at the micro‐scale and millimeter‐scale in tendrils and awns of Erodium fruits. So far, the results indicate that significant work should be done on out‐of‐equilibrium systems. In addition, much must be learned from nature to produce novel twisted functional materials. This work aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the state‐of‐the‐art study of twisted cellulose and chitin‐based structures and their potential applications. Chitin ; Cellulose ; Nanoscopic scale ; Materials science ; Nanotechnology ; Polymer ; Polymer science ; Chemical engineering ; Chemical physics ; Composite material ; Chemistry ; Chitosan Advanced Cellulose Research Studies ; Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls ; Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging
Authors: Fedor Hrubišák | K. Hušeková | Xiang Zheng | A. Rosová | Edmund Dobročka | M. Ťapajna | Matej Mičušík | Peter Nádaždy | Fridrich Egyenes | Javad Keshtkar | Eva Kováčová | James W. Pomeroy | Martin Kuball | Filip Gucmann
Source: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films (article, 2023-06-08)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Heteroepitaxial growth of Ga2O3 on 4H-SiC by liquid-injection MOCVD for improved thermal management of Ga2O3 power devices We report on the growth of monoclinic β- and orthorhombic κ-phase Ga2O3 thin films using liquid-injection metal-organic chemical vapor deposition on highly thermally conductive 4H-SiC substrates using gallium (III) acetylacetonate or tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato) gallium (III). Both gallium precursors produced the β phase, while only the use of the latter led to growth of κ-Ga2O3. Regardless of the used precursor, best results for β-Ga2O3 were achieved at a growth temperature of 700 °C and O2 flows in the range of 600–800 SCCM. A relatively narrow growth window was found for κ-Ga2O3, and best results were achieved for growth temperatures of 600 °C and the O2 flow of 800 SCCM. While phase-pure β-Ga2O3 was prepared, κ-Ga2O3 showed various degrees of parasitic β phase inclusions. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy confirmed a highly textured structure of β- and κ-Ga2O3 layers resulting from the presence of multiple in-plane domain orientations. Thermal conductivities of 53 nm-thick β-Ga2O3 (2.13 + 0.29/−0.51 W/m K) and 45 nm-thick κ-Ga2O3 (1.23 + 0.22/−0.26 W/m K) were determined by transient thermoreflectance and implications for device applications were assessed. Presented results suggest great potential of heterointegration of Ga2O3 and SiC for improved thermal management and reliability of future Ga2O3-based high power devices. Materials science ; Metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy ; Epitaxy ; Orthorhombic crystal system ; Gallium ; Monoclinic crystal system ; Chemical vapor deposition ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Transmission electron microscopy ; Phase (matter) ; Thin film ; Optoelectronics ; Crystallography ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Crystal structure ; Metallurgy ; Layer (electronics) ; Organic chemistry Ga2O3 and related materials ; ZnO doping and properties ; Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
Authors: Ishraq Abd Ulrazzaq Kadhim | Hayder Abbas Sallal | Zainab Al-Khafaji
Source: ES Materials & Manufacturing (review, 2023-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

A Review in Investigation of Marine Biopolymer (Chitosan) for Bioapplications Recent studies have used more marine-origin polysaccharides since they are widely available, economical, biocompatible, and biodegradable.These characteristics promote their technological use in water treatment, tissue engineering, cancer therapy, wound dressing, drug delivery systems, and biosensors.Due to its versatility and capacity to be produced from waste marine crustaceans, chitosan is becoming more and more important in a range of fields.It is first utilized in biomedical applications due to its versatile properties, which include biocompatibility, antibacterial activity, and biodegradability.A summary of marine polysaccharides (chitosan), including its supply, chemical, biological characteristics, and uses in tissue engineering, is given in this review. Chitosan ; Biopolymer ; Biocompatibility ; Biocompatible material ; Nanotechnology ; Biodegradation ; Drug delivery ; Tissue engineering ; Biochemical engineering ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Biomedical engineering ; Engineering ; Polymer ; Organic chemistry ; Composite material Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
Authors: Asir Intisar Khan | Heshan Yu | H. R. Zhang | John R. Goggin | Heungdong Kwon | Xiangjin Wu | Christopher Perez | Kathryn M. Neilson | Mehdi Asheghi | Kenneth E. Goodson | Patrick M. Vora | Albert V. Davydov | Ichiro Takeuchi | Eric Pop
Source: Advanced Materials (article, 2023-01-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Energy Efficient Neuro‐Inspired Phase–Change Memory Based on Ge<sub>4</sub>Sb<sub>6</sub>Te<sub>7</sub> as a Novel Epitaxial Nanocomposite Phase-change memory (PCM) is a promising candidate for neuro-inspired, data-intensive artificial intelligence applications, which relies on the physical attributes of PCM materials including gradual change of resistance states and multilevel operation with low resistance drift. However, achieving these attributes simultaneously remains a fundamental challenge for PCM materials such as Ge<sub>2</sub> Sb<sub>2</sub> Te<sub>5</sub> , the most commonly used material. Here bi-directional gradual resistance changes with ≈10× resistance window using low energy pulses are demonstrated in nanoscale PCM devices based on Ge<sub>4</sub> Sb<sub>6</sub> Te<sub>7</sub> , a new phase-change nanocomposite material . These devices show 13 resistance levels with low resistance drift for the first 8 levels, a resistance on/off ratio of ≈1000, and low variability. These attributes are enabled by the unique microstructural and electro-thermal properties of Ge<sub>4</sub> Sb<sub>6</sub> Te<sub>7</sub> , a nanocomposite consisting of epitaxial SbTe nanoclusters within the Ge-Sb-Te matrix, and a higher crystallization but lower melting temperature than Ge<sub>2</sub> Sb<sub>2</sub> Te<sub>5</sub> . These results advance the pathway toward energy-efficient analog computing using PCM. Materials science ; Nanocomposite ; Phase-change memory ; Nanoclusters ; Phase change ; Optoelectronics ; Crystallization ; Phase-change material ; Epitaxy ; Phase (matter) ; Nanoscopic scale ; Nanotechnology ; Composite material ; Engineering physics ; Chemical engineering ; Layer (electronics) Phase-change materials and chalcogenides ; Advanced Memory and Neural Computing ; Perovskite Materials and Applications
Authors: Xiaoqing Liu | Yi-Ming Zhao | Xiuying Zhang | Lin Wang | Jiadong Shen | Miao Zhou | Lei Shen
Source: ACS Catalysis (article, 2023-07-14)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Data-Driven Discovery of Transition Metal Dichalcogenide-Based <i>Z</i>-Scheme Photocatalytic Heterostructures The Z-scheme heterostructure is a highly promising photocatalyst for its unique electronic structure. However, a thorough examination of the heterostructure design space through experimental or computational means is prohibitively expensive. Here, we propose a highly efficient data-driven approach for fast discovering van der Waals (vdW) Z-scheme heterostructures, bypassing the need for costly calculations and experimentation. By conducting high-throughput calculations with the Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof hybrid density functional (HSE06), we first generate a variety of data of electronic structures for 18 experimentally synthesized 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and 20 of 153 heterostructures (constructed with the 18 TMDs). Using these data, we develop an innovative and robust descriptor: Allen “material” electronegativity. Leveraging this descriptor, we identify 27 2D vdW Z-scheme heterostructures from the pool of 153 heterostructures without expensive HSE calculations. We finally refine our findings by selecting six Z-scheme heterostructures with minimal lattice mismatch, further validating them using high-fidelity ab initio calculations and studying their optical absorption. Our research not only paves the way for discovering high-performance Z-scheme photocatalysts using data-driven methods but also contributes a universal charge transfer mechanism for vdW device applications. Heterojunction ; Materials science ; Density functional theory ; Ab initio ; van der Waals force ; Electronegativity ; Electronic structure ; Computer science ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Computational chemistry ; Optoelectronics ; Physics ; Molecule ; Quantum mechanics 2D Materials and Applications ; Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques ; Machine Learning in Materials Science
Authors: Wei Sang | Ruiping Zhang | Xiangyang Shi | Yunlu Dai
Source: Advanced Science (review, 2023-08-02)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Advanced Metallized Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications Nanofibers are long, wire-like materials with nanoscale diameters and specific length diameter ratios. Nanofibers have porous reticular networks with remarkably high specific surface areas and significant interconnectivity between pores, allowing for the chemical modification and loading of drugs. Metallized nanofibers are novel materials that enhance the performance of attributes of conventional nanofibers by combining metals with nanofibers through electrostatic spinning doping, chemical modification, and loading approaches. Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, metallized nanofibers are diverse, rapidly developed materials in the fields of physical chemistry, materials science, and battery preparation. To date, with improvement in advanced preparation techniques and biocompatibility levels for materials, metallized nanofiber applications are gradually expanding into the biomedical field due to their excellent thermal and electrical conductivities and unique metal properties. In this review, the applications of metallized nanofibers in biomedicine are summarized. It is suggested to prepare metallized multifunctional nanofibers for tissue engineering, drug delivery, tumor treatment, wound healing, and biosensing applications by taking safety and stability as the main material selection guidelines. Finally, the development of nanofibers for biomedical applications is summarized and discussed. Nanofiber ; Materials science ; Nanotechnology ; Biocompatibility ; Nanoscopic scale ; Electrospinning ; Spinning ; Polymer ; Composite material Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials ; Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication
Authors: Valeriya Kudryavtseva | Gleb B. Sukhorukov
Source: Advanced Materials (article, 2023-12-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Features of Anisotropic Drug Delivery Systems Natural materials are anisotropic. Delivery systems occurring in nature, such as viruses, blood cells, pollen, and many others, do have anisotropy, while delivery systems made artificially are mostly isotropic. There is apparent complexity in engineering anisotropic particles or capsules with micron and submicron sizes. Nevertheless, some promising examples of how to fabricate particles with anisotropic shapes or having anisotropic chemical and/or physical properties are developed. Anisotropy of particles, once they face biological systems, influences their behavior. Internalization by the cells, flow in the bloodstream, biodistribution over organs and tissues, directed release, and toxicity of particles regardless of the same chemistry are all reported to be factors of anisotropy of delivery systems. Here, the current methods are reviewed to introduce anisotropy to particles or capsules, including loading with various therapeutic cargo, variable physical properties primarily by anisotropic magnetic properties, controlling directional motion, and making Janus particles. The advantages of combining different anisotropy in one entity for delivery and common problems and limitations for fabrication are under discussion. Anisotropy ; Isotropy ; Materials science ; Drug delivery ; Nanotechnology ; Janus particles ; Fabrication ; Nanomedicine ; Biodistribution ; Nanoparticle ; Janus ; Optics ; Chemistry ; Physics Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization ; Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Proteins in Food Systems
Authors: Jiaren Hou | Jing Sun | Qiang Fang
Source: Polymer Chemistry (article, 2023-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Oxygen-free polymers: new materials with low dielectric constant and ultra-low dielectric loss at high frequency Two oxygen-free monomers, 4F-BVS and 6F-BVS, have been synthesized and converted into cross-linked polymers. They exhibit excellent thermal stability and dielectric properties, especially an ultra-low dielectric loss at a high frequency of 10 GHz. Dielectric ; Polymer ; Thermal stability ; Dielectric loss ; Materials science ; Monomer ; Oxygen ; Low frequency ; High-κ dielectric ; Polymer chemistry ; Chemistry ; Optoelectronics ; Composite material ; Organic chemistry ; Computer science ; Telecommunications Synthesis and properties of polymers ; Silicone and Siloxane Chemistry ; Dielectric materials and actuators
Authors: Max Boleininger | Daniel R. Mason | Andrea E. Sand | S. L. Dudarev
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2023-01-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Microstructure of a heavily irradiated metal exposed to a spectrum of atomic recoils At temperatures below the onset of vacancy migration, metals exposed to energetic ions develop dynamically fluctuating steady-state microstructures. Statistical properties of these microstructures in the asymptotic high exposure limit are not universal and vary depending on the energy and mass of the incident ions. We develop a model for the microstructure of an ion-irradiated metal under athermal conditions, where internal stress fluctuations dominate the kinetics of structural evolution. The balance between defect production and recombination depends sensitively not only on the total exposure to irradiation, defined by the fluence, but also on the energy of the incident particles. The model predicts the defect content in the high dose limit as an integral of the spectrum of primary knock-on atom energies, with the finding that low energy ions produce a significantly higher amount of damage than high energy ions at comparable levels of exposure to radiation. Irradiation ; Microstructure ; Metal ; Materials science ; Nanotechnology ; Metallurgy ; Physics ; Nuclear physics Fusion materials and technologies ; Ion-surface interactions and analysis ; Nuclear Materials and Properties
Authors: Mohamed A. Hassan | Ghada M. Abd Elmageed | Ibtehal G. El-Qazaz | Doaa S. El‐Sayed | Lamia M. El‐Samad | Heba M. Abdou
Source: Pharmaceutics (article, 2023-09-12)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

The Synergistic Influence of Polyflavonoids from Citrus aurantifolia on Diabetes Treatment and Their Modulation of the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 Signaling Pathways: Molecular Docking Analyses and In Vivo Investigations This study was aimed at probing the modulatory influence of polyflavonoids extracted from <i>Citrus aurantifolia</i>, lemon peel extract (LPE-polyflavonoids), on attenuating diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. HPLC investigations of the LPE exhibited the incidence of five flavonoids, including diosmin, biochanin A, hesperidin, quercetin, and hesperetin. The in silico impact on ligand-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) interaction was investigated in terms of polyflavonoid class to explore the non-covalent intakes and binding affinity to the known protein active site. The drug likeness properties and pharmacokinetic parameters of the LPE-polyflavonoids were investigated to assess their bioavailability in relation to Myricetin as a control. Remarkably, the molecular docking studies demonstrated a prominent affinity score of all these agents together with PI3K, implying the potency of the extract to orchestrate PI3K, which is the predominant signal for lessening the level of blood glucose. To verify these findings, in vivo studies were conducted, utilizing diabetic male albino rats treated with LPE-polyflavonoids and other groups treated with hesperidin and diosmin as single flavonoids. Our findings demonstrated that the LPE-polyflavonoids significantly ameliorated the levels of glucose, insulin, glycogen, liver function, carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes, G6Pd, and AGEs compared to the diabetic rats and those exposed to hesperidin and diosmin. Furthermore, the LPE-polyflavonoids regulated the TBARS, GSH, CAT, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and AFP levels in the pancreatic and hepatic tissues, suggesting their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, the pancreatic and hepatic GLUT4 and GLUT2 were noticeably increased in addition to the pancreatic p-AKT in the rats administered with the LPE-polyflavonoids compared to the other diabetic rats. Remarkably, the administration of LPE-polyflavonoids upregulated the expression of the pancreatic and hepatic PI3K, AMPK, and FOXO1 genes, emphasizing the efficiency of the LPE in orchestrating all the signaling pathways necessitated to reduce the diabetes mellitus. Notably, the histopathological examinations of the pancreatic and hepatic tissues corroborated the biochemical results. Altogether, our findings accentuated the potential therapeutic role of LPE-polyflavonoids in controlling diabetes mellitus. Hesperidin ; Pharmacology ; In vivo ; Hesperetin ; Diosmin ; Protein kinase B ; Taxifolin ; Chemistry ; PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ; Quercetin ; Myricetin ; Biochemistry ; Biology ; Flavonoid ; Antioxidant ; Medicine ; Signal transduction ; Kaempferol Chromatography in Natural Products ; Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities ; Bioactive natural compounds
Authors: Christos Dimitriou | Pavlos Psathas | Maria Solakidou | Yiannis Deligiannakis
Source: Nanomaterials (review, 2023-11-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Advanced Flame Spray Pyrolysis (FSP) Technologies for Engineering Multifunctional Nanostructures and Nanodevices Flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) is an industrially scalable technology that enables the engineering of a wide range of metal-based nanomaterials with tailored properties nanoparticles. In the present review, we discuss the recent state-of-the-art advances in FSP technology with regard to nanostructure engineering as well as the FSP reactor setup designs. The challenges of in situ incorporation of nanoparticles into complex functional arrays are reviewed, underscoring FSP's transformative potential in next-generation nanodevice fabrication. Key areas of focus include the integration of FSP into the technology readiness level (TRL) for nanomaterials production, the FSP process design, and recent advancements in nanodevice development. With a comprehensive overview of engineering methodologies such as the oxygen-deficient process, double-nozzle configuration, and in situ coatings deposition, this review charts the trajectory of FSP from its foundational roots to its contemporary applications in intricate nanostructure and nanodevice synthesis. Nanodevice ; Materials science ; Nanotechnology ; Nanomaterials ; Nanostructure ; Nanoparticle Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Laser-Ablation Synthesis of Nanoparticles ; Coagulation and Flocculation Studies
Authors: M. Shahid Mansuri | Kenneth R. Williams | Angus C. Nairn
Source: Communications Biology (review, 2023-04-08)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Uncovering biology by single-cell proteomics Recent technological advances have opened the door to single-cell proteomics that can answer key biological questions regarding how protein expression, post-translational modifications, and protein interactions dictate cell state in health and disease. Proteomics ; Computational biology ; Protein expression ; Key (lock) ; Systems biology ; Biology ; Data science ; Computer science ; Genetics ; Ecology Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics ; Advanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications