jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Wenqing Wang | Zengchan Li | Ruyue Su | Yixing Huang | Ying Li | Rujie He
Source: npj Advanced Manufacturing (article, 2025-01-22)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Advanced 3D printing accelerates electromagnetic wave absorption from ceramic materials to structures As 3D printing technology and ceramic material advance, significant progress has been achieved in the field of 3D-printed ceramic materials for electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA), transitioning from simple material fabrication to complex structure creation. This review summarizes the key advancements in ceramic materials and structures fabricated by 3D printing for EMWA. Despite significant progress, the limitations that remain in 3D-printed ceramic materials and structures for EMWA are highlighted, and future development tendencies are also identified. This review aims to motivate further development and application of 3D-printed ceramic materials and structures for EMWA. Ceramic ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Materials science ; Electromagnetic radiation ; 3D printing ; Optics ; Composite material ; Physics Electromagnetic wave absorption materials
Authors: Rafael Charca-Benavente | Rupesh Kumar | Ruth E. Rubio-Noriega | Mark Clemente-Arenas
Source: Materials (article, 2025-06-17)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Thermally Tunable Bi-Functional Metasurface Based on InSb for Terahertz Applications In this work, we propose and analyze a thermally tunable metasurface based on indium antimonide (InSb), designed to operate in the terahertz (THz) frequency range. The metasurface exhibits dual functionalities: single-band perfect absorption and efficient polarization conversion, enabled by the temperature-dependent permittivity of InSb. At approximately 280 K, InSb transitions into a metallic state, enabling the metasurface to achieve near-unity absorptance (100%) at 0.408 THz under normal incidence, independent of polarization. Conversely, when InSb behaves as a dielectric at 200 K, the metasurface operates as an efficient polarization converter. By exploiting structural anisotropy, it achieves a polarization conversion ratio exceeding 85% over the frequency range from 0.56 to 0.93 THz, while maintaining stable performance for incident angles up to 45°. Parametric analyses show that the resonance frequency and absorption intensity can be effectively tuned by varying the InSb square size and the silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) layer thickness, achieving maximum absorptance at a SiO<sub>2</sub> thickness of 16 μm. The proposed tunable metasurface offers significant potential for applications in THz sensing, imaging, filtering, and wavefront engineering. Terahertz radiation ; Materials science ; Absorptance ; Optoelectronics ; Indium antimonide ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Optics ; Permittivity ; Anisotropy ; Dielectric ; Thermophotovoltaic ; Physics Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Antenna Design and Analysis
Authors: Young-Hwa Hwang | Abdul Samad | Ayesha Muazzam | AMM Nurul Alam | Seon-Tea Joo
Source: Food Science of Animal Resources (review, 2025-05-27)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

A Comprehensive Review of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Driven Approaches to Meat Quality and Safety Assessment of meat quality is a fundamental aspect as it is the backbone of the meat industry. The quality of meat influences consumer satisfaction and safety, and is also necessary for competitiveness in the market. Nowadays, consumers know much more about food quality and safety. Moreover, quality and safety are major concerns for consumers. The meat industry is looking for alternatives to evaluate meat quality rather than traditional methods, as conventional methods are less efficient and time-consuming for evaluating the quality. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies provides promising solutions to transform current techniques in quality evaluation. Currently, several sophisticated AI technologies are being developed for quality analysis, improving the precision and efficiency of meat quality examination. The AI systems are being used to examine color attributes as well as textures and microbial load to generate precise information that will assist producers in achieving ideal freshness and safety standards. AI-based technologies support predictive models that help stakeholders recognize supply chain issues in meat science while they remain easier to manage. This review conducts a comprehensive examination of AI systems used for meat quality evaluation. Furthermore, this review investigates the essential contribution of AI toward food safety improvements while explaining multiple techniques that can be utilized to determine expiration time. Multiple real-world scenarios demonstrate field implementations, and the advantages and disadvantages of AI-driven approaches in the meat science sector are discussed in this paper. Furthermore, this review also incorporates future predictions. Quality (philosophy) ; Risk analysis (engineering) ; Computer science ; Business ; Philosophy ; Epistemology Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Meat and Animal Product Quality ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
Authors: Qingzhen Zhu | Quancheng Liu | Dandan Ma | Yanqiu Zhu | Liyuan Zhang | Aichen Wang | Shuxiang Fan
Source: Agronomy (article, 2025-06-29)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Maize Seed Variety Classification Based on Hyperspectral Imaging and a CNN-LSTM Learning Framework Maize seed variety classification has become essential in agriculture, driven by advancements in non-destructive sensing and machine learning techniques. This study introduced an efficient method for maize variety identification by combining hyperspectral imaging with a framework that integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks. Spectral data were acquired by hyperspectral imaging technology from five maize varieties and processed using Savitzky–Golay (SG) smoothing, along with standard normal variate (SNV) preprocessing. To enhance feature selection, the competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) algorithm was applied to reduce redundant information, identifying 100 key wavelengths from an initial set of 774. This method successfully minimized data dimensionality, reduced variable collinearity, and boosted the model’s stability and computational efficiency. A CNN-LSTM model, built on the selected wavelengths, achieved an accuracy of 95.27% in maize variety classification, outperforming traditional chemometric models like partial least squares discriminant analysis, support vector machines, and extreme learning machines. These results showed that the CNN-LSTM model excelled in extracting complex spectral features and offering strong generalization and classification capabilities. Therefore, the model proposed in this study served as an effective tool for maize variety identification. Hyperspectral imaging ; Variety (cybernetics) ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer science ; Pattern recognition (psychology) Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Smart Agriculture and AI ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Authors: Jinghui Xu | Xizhen Wang | Zepeng Wang | Kaiqiang Yang | Xueshun Li | Yongjun Zhao
Source: Aerospace (article, 2025-01-16)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Comprehensive Thermodynamic Performance Evaluation of a Novel Dual-Shaft Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Hybrid Propulsion System With the rapid growth of air travel, reducing carbon emissions in aviation is imperative. Electric aircraft play a key role in achieving sustainable aviation, especially for large civil aircraft, where reducing emissions, improving the fuel efficiency, and enabling flexible power regulation are essential. This study proposes a dual-shaft, separated-exhaust fuel cell hybrid aircraft propulsion system (HAPS), using a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) to replace the conventional turbine-driven compressor. The independent speed control of the high- and low-pressure spools is realized via a power distribution system. A thermodynamic model is developed, and performance evaluations, including parametric, exergy, and sensitivity analyses, are conducted. At the design point, the system delivers 36.304 kN thrust, 16.775 g/(kN·s) specific fuel consumption, 15.931 MW SOFC power, and 54.759% SOFC efficiency. The exergy analysis highlights the optimization of components like the heat exchanger and fan to reduce energy losses. The sensitivity analysis reveals that the spool speeds and fuel utilization significantly impact the performance. The findings provide valuable insights into optimizing control strategies and offer a novel, efficient, and low-carbon power solution for aviation, supporting the industry’s transition towards sustainability. Propulsion ; Dual (grammatical number) ; Oxide ; Solid oxide fuel cell ; Fuel cells ; Materials science ; Nuclear engineering ; Automotive engineering ; Aerospace engineering ; Mechanical engineering ; Engineering ; Chemistry ; Chemical engineering ; Metallurgy ; Physical chemistry Catalytic Processes in Materials Science ; Rocket and propulsion systems research ; Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Andrei Dernov | Małgorzata Kowalik | Adri C. T. van Duin | Traian Dumitrică
Source: Journal of Applied Physics (article, 2025-02-12)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Mapping the structural–mechanical landscape of amorphous carbon with ReaxFF molecular dynamics We use ReaxFF molecular dynamics (MD) to investigate the relationship between structural and mechanical properties in bulk and nanostructured amorphous carbon (a-C). The liquid-quench MD method is used to generate isotropic bulk samples with mass densities ranging from 0.96 to 3.29 g/cm3. Structural analysis identifies two types of structures with distinct short- and medium-range order: lower-density sp2-dominated a-C, which is characterized by a bimodal ring-size distribution, and higher-density sp3-dominated tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C), exhibiting a unimodal ring-size distribution. Stress–strain MD simulations and analysis reveal how an atomistic structure impacts elastic properties and post-yield atomic rearrangements. All stretched structures demonstrate elastic isotropy and plasticity driven by a ring-size expansion mechanism reflected in changes in ring statistics. The plastic region is substantially larger in ta-C than in a-C due to the post-yield shift from sp3 to sp2 C dominant bonding. In both a-C and ta-C, ultimate failure occurs when a reactive crack, traversed by long sp chains, forms and propagates predominantly perpendicular to the direction of the applied strain. Oxygen infiltration into the fractured region significantly reduces stress resistance, primarily through the early rupture of long sp chains. MD simulations and analysis are extended to a-C slabs, a-C nanotubes, and partially a-C nanotubes. The latter nanostructure highlights the differences between the elastically isotropic a-C walls, which develop circumferential cracking, and the crystalline walls, which tear along crystallographic directions. These results provide a strong foundation for further computational characterization of a-C materials. ReaxFF ; Molecular dynamics ; Amorphous solid ; Materials science ; Chemical physics ; Carbon fibers ; Amorphous carbon ; Chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Computational chemistry ; Composite material ; Crystallography Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research ; Carbon Nanotubes in Composites ; High-pressure geophysics and materials
Authors: Yimeng Li | Linghan Xia | Nan Li | Shuli Tang | Yunsong Ge | Jianyu Wang | Bing Xiao | Yonghong Cheng | L. K. Ang | Guodong Meng
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2025-07-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Uncovering a widely applicable empirical formula for field emission characteristics of metallic nanotips in nanogaps Field electron emission is a key mechanism in nanoelectronics with nanogaps, offering advantages such as high electron velocity and fast switching speeds. However, nanoscale field emission, affected by geometric asymmetry including quantum tunneling near to the emitter, and quantum space charge effects, remains largely unexplored in experimental studies. Here, we in situ investigated field emission characteristics of pure tungsten nanotips across vacuum nanogaps. We revealed a widely applicable scaling behavior between field emission characteristics and the ratio of apex radius to gap length (R/d), and demonstrated that the effects of quantum tunnelling due to emitter shape are the predominant influence. We further proposed a modified field emission equation, incorporating an empirical formula for the apex shape factor, k<sub>MG</sub> (k<sub>MG</sub> = f(R/d) = 1.680 × (R/d + 0.468)<sup>-1.066</sup>), valid for R/d = 0.04 to 48. These findings provide fundamental insights into the optimization of nanoelectronic device design and the advancement of future technologies. Field (mathematics) ; Nanotechnology ; Computer science ; Materials science ; Mathematics Carbon Nanotubes in Composites ; Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research ; Advanced Materials Characterization Techniques
Authors: Dongdong Zhu | Chunfeng Wang | Xiaohuai Wang | Shun Han | Yuxiang Zeng | Ming Fang | Wenjun Liu | Deliang Zhu | Peijiang Cao | Youming Lu
Source: Molecules (article, 2025-02-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Enhanced Luminescence and Thermal Stability in High Gd3+/Eu3+ Co-Doped Ba3Y4O9 Phosphors via Co-Precipitation Method The co-precipitation method was successfully used to synthesize Ba<sub>3</sub>(Y<sub>0.6-x</sub>Gd<sub>0.4</sub>Eu<sub>x</sub>)<sub>4</sub>O<sub>9</sub> (0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.09) phosphors with heavy Gd<sup>3+</sup> doping, resulting in significantly enhanced thermal stability and luminescence performance. Structural analyses confirm that Gd<sup>3+</sup> and Eu<sup>3+</sup> ions substitute Y<sup>3+</sup> in the lattice, causing lattice expansion and improving crystal asymmetry, which enhances Eu<sup>3+</sup> emission. The incorporation of Gd<sup>3+</sup> creates efficient energy transfer pathways to Eu<sup>3+</sup> while suppressing non-radiative relaxation, leading to stable fluorescence lifetimes even at elevated temperatures. With a thermal activation energy of ~0.3051 eV, the Ba<sub>3</sub>(Y<sub>0.55</sub>Gd<sub>0.4</sub>Eu<sub>0.05</sub>)<sub>4</sub>O<sub>9</sub> phosphor exhibits superior resistance to thermal quenching compared to Ba<sub>3</sub>(Y<sub>0.95</sub>Eu<sub>0.05</sub>)<sub>4</sub>O<sub>9</sub> and many conventional red phosphors. Furthermore, the reduced color temperature and stable emission spectra across a wide temperature range highlight its potential for advanced lighting and display technologies in high-temperature environments. Phosphor ; Luminescence ; Thermal stability ; Doping ; Precipitation ; Coprecipitation ; Materials science ; Chemical engineering ; Optoelectronics ; Chemistry ; Inorganic chemistry ; Meteorology ; Physics Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials ; Microwave Dielectric Ceramics Synthesis ; Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
Authors: Md. Zafaryab | Komal Vig
Source: Molecules (review, 2025-05-13)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Biomedical Application of Nanogels: From Cancer to Wound Healing Nanogels are polymer-based, crosslinked hydrogel particles on the nanometer scale. Nanogels developed from synthetic and natural polymers have gathered a great deal of attention in industry and scientific society due to having an increased surface area, softness, flexibility, absorption, and drug loading ability, as well as their mimicking the environment of a tissue. Nanogels having biocompatibility, nontoxic and biodegradable properties with exceptional design, fabrication, and coating facilities may be used for a variety of different biomedical applications, such as drug delivery and therapy, tissue engineering, and bioimaging. Nanogels fabricated by chemical crosslinking and physical self-assembly displayed the ability to encapsulate therapeutics, including hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and small molecules, proteins, peptides, RNA and DNA sequences, and even ultrasmall nanoparticles within their three-dimensional polymer networks. One of the many drug delivery methods being investigated as a practical option for targeted delivery of drugs for cancer treatment is nanogels. The delivery of DNA and anticancer drugs like doxorubicin, epirubicin, and paclitaxel has been eased by polymeric nanogels. Stimuli-responsive PEGylated nanogels have been reported as smart nanomedicines for cancer diagnostics and therapy. Another promising biomedical application of nanogels is wound healing. Wounds are injuries to living tissue caused by a cut, blow, or other impact. There are numerous nanogels having different polymer compositions that have been reported to enhance the wound healing process, such as hyaluronan, poly-L-lysine, and berberine. When antimicrobial resistance is present, wound healing becomes a complicated process. Researchers are looking for novel alternative approaches, as foreign microorganisms in wounds are becoming resistant to antibiotics. Silver nanogels have been reported as a popular antimicrobial choice, as silver has been used as an antimicrobial throughout a prolonged period. Lignin-incorporated nanogels and lidocaine nanogels have also been reported as an antioxidant wound-dressing material that can aid in wound healing. In this review, we will summarize recent progress in biomedical applications for various nanogels, with a prime focus on cancer and wound healing. Nanogel ; Nanotechnology ; Drug delivery ; Biocompatibility ; Materials science ; Self-healing hydrogels ; Wound healing ; Paclitaxel ; Polymer ; Biomedical engineering ; Cancer ; Medicine ; Surgery ; Polymer chemistry Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
Authors: Jinming Liu | Ling Weng | Xiaorui Zhang | Xiaoming Wang | Zijian Wu
Source: Nano Research (article, 2025-02-14)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Intrinsic fiber reinforced polyimide aerogel flexible strain sensor applied in high-temperature environment Flexible strain sensors have garnered significant attention for their potential applications in advanced flexible electronics and wearable technologies. However, achieving stable signal transmission at high temperatures remains a major challenge. In this study, we developed a novel polyimide (PI) aerogel composite, reinforced with intrinsically short-cut polyimide nanofibers (PINF) that are surface-coated with silver nanoparticles to enhance both conductivity and mechanical strength. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are used as the main filler in synergistic effect with Ag@PINF particles to further improve the conductivity and sensing performance of the composite material. This synergistic design results in a flexible PI aerogel composite material with rapid response time (116 ms), high sensitivity (GF = 3.12), and long-term cycling stability (&gt; 1000 cycles). Additionally, the sensing materials were tested at high temperatures and after high-temperature aging, demonstrating good flexible sensing performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the composite sensor maintains stable strain-sensing performance across a range of environmental temperatures, showing consistent strain response under the same deformation conditions. This work provides a promising approach for fabricating high-performance, temperature-resistant flexible strain sensors, with broad applications in flexible electronics and wearable technologies. Aerogel ; Polyimide ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Strain (injury) ; Fiber ; Layer (electronics) Aerogels and thermal insulation ; Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
Authors: Hanxu Ma | Chuanning Li | Ying He | Shunda Qiao | Chu Zhang | Yufei Ma
Source: Laser & Photonics Review (article, 2025-12-18)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Dual‐Mode Quartz‐Enhanced Spectroscopy Enabled by Mixed Heterodyne Demodulation for Frequency‐Mismatch‐Free Gas Sensing ABSTRACT In this paper, a mixed‐frequency heterodyne demodulation (MHD) method is reported for the first time to improve the performance of quartz‐enhanced laser spectroscopy sensors. The MHD method employs frequency conversion modulation technology to achieve spectrum shifting. Signals at specific frequencies realize the improvement of signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) through a high‐Q QTF filter, and quadrature demodulation is performed on the filtered heterodyne signals, thereby enhancing the performance of the sensor. First, light‐induced thermoelastic spectroscopy (LITES) is used to verify the effectiveness of the MHD method, and then it is applied in the synergistic sensor of quartz‐enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) and LITES. Compared to the standalone QEPAS sensor and LITES sensor, the QEPAS‐LITES sensor demonstrates a signal‐to‐noise ratio improvement of 10.04 times and 7.29 times, respectively. Furthermore, this method solves the problem of frequency mismatch and provides the capability of synergistic operation within a wide frequency range of ∼24 kHz. Demodulation ; Heterodyne (poetry) ; Frequency modulation ; Spectroscopy ; Photoacoustic spectroscopy ; Heterodyne detection ; Modulation (music) ; Laser ; Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging) Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging ; Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques
Authors: Jiaqi Li | Yibing Zhang | Zhen Liu | Lingling Wei | Haonan Peng | Minghao Liu | Shiguang Yan | Kunyu Zhao | Huarong Zeng | Zupei Yang | Genshui Wang
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2025-09-29)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Enhanced energy-storage in lead-free multilayer capacitors via entropy-assisted polymorphic domain engineering Lead-free multilayer ceramic capacitors with high energy storage performance are essential components in environmentally sustainable and miniaturized pulsed power systems. However, their practical application is limited by inherently low energy density and suboptimal energy efficiency. In this study, a stepwise dual-site entropy increase strategy is introduced to simultaneously modulate relaxor behavior and enhance the breakdown strength of Bi<sub>0.5</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub>-based capacitors. Atomic-scale structural analyses reveal that the coexistence of rhombohedral, tetragonal, and cubic polymorphic domains effectively prevents premature polarization saturation while maintaining high maximum polarization. Additionally, the high configurational entropy induces non-periodic lattice distortions, promoting grain refinement and improving electrical resistance, which collectively enhance breakdown endurance. Consequently, an enhanced energy density of 17.8 J cm<sup>-3</sup> with a high efficiency of 97.6% is achieved in the high-entropy capacitors. Furthermore, the high-entropy capacitors exhibit excellent thermal and fatigue stability, along with superior charge-discharge performance. This study provides a viable structural design approach for developing high-performance relaxor ferroelectric materials and devices with optimized energy storage characteristics. Capacitor ; Energy storage ; Power density ; Ceramic ; Energy density ; Saturation (graph theory) ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Ferroelectricity Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials ; Advanced Memory and Neural Computing ; Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices