jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Ângela Martins | Nélson Nunes | Ana P. Carvalho | Luísa M. D. R. S. Martins
Source: Catalysts (article, 2022-01-26)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Zeolites and Related Materials as Catalyst Supports for Hydrocarbon Oxidation Reactions Catalytic oxidation is a key technology for the conversion of petroleum-based feedstocks into useful chemicals (e.g., adipic acid, caprolactam, glycols, acrylates, and vinyl acetate) since this chemical transformation is always involved in synthesis processes. Millions of tons of these compounds are annually produced worldwide and find applications in all areas of chemical industries, ranging from pharmaceutical to large-scale commodities. The traditional industrial methods to produce large amounts of those compounds involve over-stoichiometric quantities of toxic inorganic reactants and homogeneous catalysts that operate at high temperature, originating large amounts of effluents, often leading to expensive downstream processes, along with nonrecovery of valuable catalysts that are loss within the reactant effluent. Due to the increasingly stringent environmental legislation nowadays, there is considerable pressure to replace these antiquate technologies, focusing on heterogeneous catalysts that can operate under mild reactions conditions, easily recovered, and reused. Parallelly, recent advances in the synthesis and characterization of metal complexes and metal clusters on support surfaces have brought new insights to catalysis and highlight ways to systematic catalysts design. This review aims to provide a comprehensive bibliographic examination over the last 10 years on the development of heterogeneous catalysts, i.e., organometallic complexes or metal clusters immobilized in distinct inorganic supports such as zeolites, hierarchical zeolites, silicas, and clays. The methodologies used to prepare and/or modify the supports are critically reviewed, as well as the methods used for the immobilization of the active species. The applications of the heterogenized catalysts are presented, and some case-studies are discussed in detail. Catalysis ; Heterogeneous catalysis ; Chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Homogeneous catalysis ; Materials science ; Organic chemistry ; Chemical engineering ; Engineering Catalytic Processes in Materials Science ; Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis ; Catalysis and Oxidation Reactions
Authors: Xiang Li | Jia-Jia Geng-Ji | Yun‐Yun Quan | Luming Qi | Qiang Sun | Qun Huang | Hai‐Mei Jiang | Zijian Sun | Hongmei Liu | Xin Xie
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology (review, 2022-11-21)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Role of potential bioactive metabolites from traditional Chinese medicine for type 2 diabetes mellitus: An overview Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease with persistent hyperglycemia primarily caused by insulin resistance (IR). The number of diabetic patients globally has been rising over the past decades. Although significant progress has been made in treating diabetes mellitus (DM), existing clinical drugs for diabetes can no longer fully meet patients when they face complex and huge clinical treatment needs. As a traditional and effective medical system, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a unique understanding of diabetes treatment and has developed many classic and practical prescriptions targeting DM. With modern medicine and pharmacy advancements, researchers have discovered that various bioactive metabolites isolated from TCM show therapeutic on DM. Compared with existing clinical drugs, these bioactive metabolites demonstrate promising prospects for treating DM due to their excellent biocompatibility and fewer adverse reactions. Accordingly, these valuable metabolites have attracted the interest of researchers worldwide. Despite the abundance of research works and specialized-topic reviews published over the past years, there is a lack of updated and systematic reviews concerning this fast-growing field. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the bioactive metabolites derived from TCM with the potential treatment of T2DM by searching several authoritative databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, and Springer Link. For the convenience of readers, the content is divided into four parts according to the structural characteristics of these valuable compounds (flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and others). Meanwhile, the detailed mechanism and future directions of these promising compounds curing DM are also summarized in the related sections. We hope this review inspires increasingly valuable and significant research focusing on potential bioactive metabolites from TCM to treat DM in the future. Medicine ; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ; Web of science ; Diabetes mellitus ; Insulin resistance ; Traditional Chinese medicine ; Traditional medicine ; Pharmacy ; Medical prescription ; Pharmacology ; Alternative medicine ; Bioinformatics ; Internal medicine ; Biology ; Meta-analysis ; Family medicine ; Endocrinology Chromatography in Natural Products ; Bioactive natural compounds ; Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysis
Authors: Olanrewaju A. Aladesuyi | Thabang Calvin Lebepe | Rodney Maluleke | Oluwatobi S. Oluwafemi
Source: Nanotechnology Reviews (review, 2022-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Biological applications of ternary quantum dots: A review Abstract Semiconductor nanomaterials, also known as quantum dots (QDs), have gained significant interest due to their outstanding optical properties with potential biological and biomedical applications. However, the presence of heavy toxic metals such as Cd, Pb, and Hg in conventional QDs have been a major challenge in their applications. Therefore, it is imperative to seek a viable alternative that will be non-toxic and have similar optical properties as the conventional QDs. Ternary I–III–VI QDs have been found to be suitable alternatives. Their optical properties are tunable and have emissions in the near-infrared region. These properties make them useful in a wide range of biological applications. Hence, this review focuses on the recent progress in the use of ternary QDs in Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET), nanomedical applications such as drug and gene delivery. It also discusses the biophotonic application of ternary I–III–VI QDs in optical imaging, biosensing, and multimodal imaging. Furthermore, we looked at the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of these QDs, and their toxicity concerns. Finally, we looked at the current status, challenges, and future directions in the application of these ternary QDs. Ternary operation ; Quantum dot ; Förster resonance energy transfer ; Nanotechnology ; Nanomaterials ; Materials science ; Biodistribution ; Biosensor ; Energy transfer ; Fluorescence ; Chemistry ; Computer science ; Physics ; Engineering physics Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties ; Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques ; Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films
Authors: Min Ma | Shihan Huo | Ming Zhang | Shuo Qian | Xiaoyu Zhu | Jie Pu | Sailee Rasam | Chao Xue | Shichen Shen | Bo An | Jianmin Wang | Jun Qu
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2022-12-14)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

In-depth mapping of protein localizations in whole tissue by micro-scaffold assisted spatial proteomics (MASP) Accurate, in-depth mapping of proteins on whole-tissue levels provides comprehensive insights into the spatially-organized regulatory processes/networks in tissues, but is challenging. Here we describe a micro-scaffold assisted spatial proteomics (MASP) strategy, based on spatially-resolved micro-compartmentalization of tissue using a 3D-printed micro-scaffold, capable of mapping thousands of proteins across a whole-tissue slice with excellent quantitative accuracy/precision. The pipeline includes robust tissue micro-compartmentalization with precisely-preserved spatial information, reproducible procurement and preparation of the micro-specimens, followed by sensitive LC-MS analysis and map generation by a MAsP app. The mapping accuracy was validated by comparing the MASP-generated maps of spiked-in peptides and brain-region-specific markers with known patterns, and by correlating the maps of the two protein components of the same heterodimer. The MASP was applied in mapping >5000 cerebral proteins in the mouse brain, encompassing numerous important brain markers, regulators, and transporters, where many of these proteins had not previously been mapped on the whole-tissue level. Pipeline (software) ; Compartmentalization (fire protection) ; Proteomics ; Computational biology ; Scaffold ; Computer science ; Brain tissue ; Proteome ; Biology ; Bioinformatics ; Neuroscience ; Biochemistry ; Gene Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics ; Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
Authors: Antonio L. R. Manesco | I. M. Flór | Chun-Xiao Liu | Anton Akhmerov
Source: SciPost Physics Core (article, 2022-09-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Mechanisms of Andreev reflection in quantum Hall graphene We simulate a hybrid superconductor-graphene device in the quantum Hall regime to identify the origin of downstream resistance oscillations in a recent experiment [Zhao et al., Nature Physics 16, (2020)]. In addition to the previously studied Mach-Zehnder interference between the valley-polarized edge states, we consider disorder-induced scattering, and the appearance of the counter-propagating states generated by the interface density mismatch. Comparing our results with the experiment, we conclude that the observed oscillations are induced by the interfacial disorder, and that lattice-matched superconductors are necessary to observe the alternative ballistic effects. Andreev reflection ; Condensed matter physics ; Graphene ; Superconductivity ; Physics ; Quantum Hall effect ; Scattering ; Quantum ; Lattice (music) ; Quantum mechanics ; Magnetic field Graphene research and applications ; Quantum and electron transport phenomena ; Topological Materials and Phenomena
Authors: Rosalizan Md Saleh | Boris Kulig | Arman Arefi | Oliver Hensel | Barbara Sturm
Source: Journal of Food Processing and Preservation (article, 2022-02-04)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Prediction of total carotenoids, color, and moisture content of carrot slices during hot air drying using non‐invasive hyperspectral imaging technique The objective of this paper was to evaluate the performance of Partial Least Square Regression (PLSR) model and to assess the statistical agreement between two different measurement techniques, that is, Vis-NIR hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and standard laboratory methods for quality evaluation of dried carrots throughout the hot-air drying process. Carrots at commercial maturity of 3.5 months after planting were harvested in two seasons (2017 and 2018) and dried in a convective hot air dryer at 50C, 60C, and 70C. Quality measurements were examined at intervals of 30 minutes. Carotenoid ; Hyperspectral imaging ; Partial least squares regression ; Water content ; Coefficient of determination ; Moisture ; Mathematics ; Food science ; Animal science ; Chemistry ; Statistics ; Remote sensing ; Biology ; Geography Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Food Drying and Modeling ; Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Mário Jorge Araújo | Maria Lígia Sousa | Elza Fonseca | Aldo Barreiro | José Martins | María Vázquez | Natalia Mallo | Laura Rodríguez‐Lorenzo | Monica Quarato | Ivone Pinheiro | Maria V. Turkina | Juan José López-Mayán | Elena Peña‐Vázquez | María Carmen Barciela‐Alonso | Miguel Spuch‐Calvar | Miguel Oliveira | Pilar Bermejo–Barrera | Santiago Cabaleiro | Begoña Espiña | Vı́tor Vasconcelos | Alexandre Campos
Source: Chemosphere (article, 2022-08-22)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Proteomics reveals multiple effects of titanium dioxide and silver nanoparticles in the metabolism of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus Titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) and silver (Ag) NPs are among the most used engineered inorganic nanoparticles (NPs); however, their potential effects to marine demersal fish species, are not fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the proteomic alterations induced by sub-lethal concentrations citrate-coated 25 nm ("P25") TiO<sub>2</sub> or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated 15 nm Ag NPs to turbot, Scophthalmus maximus. Juvenile fish were exposed to the NPs through daily feeding for 14 days. The tested concentrations were 0, 0.75 or 1.5 mg of each NPs per kg of fish per day. The determination of NPs, Titanium and Ag levels (sp-ICP-MS/ICP-MS) and histological alterations (Transmission Electron Microscopy) supported proteomic analysis performed in the liver and kidney. Proteomic sample preparation procedure (SP3) was followed by LC-MS/MS. Label-free MS quantification methods were employed to assess differences in protein expression. Functional analysis was performed using STRING web-tool. KEGG Gene Ontology suggested terms were discussed and potential biomarkers of exposure were proposed. Overall, data shows that liver accumulated more elements than kidney, presented more histological alterations (lipid droplets counts and size) and proteomic alterations. The Differentially Expressed Proteins (DEPs) were higher in Ag NPs trial. The functional analysis revealed that both NPs caused enrichment of proteins related to generic processes (metabolic pathways). Ag NPs also affected protein synthesis and nucleic acid transcription, among other processes. Proteins related to thyroid hormone transport (Serpina7) and calcium ion binding (FAT2) were suggested as biomarkers of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs in liver. For Ag NPs, in kidney (and at a lower degree in liver) proteins related with metabolic activity, metabolism of exogenous substances and oxidative stress (e.g.: NADH dehydrogenase and Cytochrome P450) were suggested as potential biomarkers. Data suggests adverse effects in turbot after medium/long-term exposures and the need for additional studies to validate specific biological applications of these NPs. Turbot ; Scophthalmus ; Proteomics ; Chemistry ; Silver nanoparticle ; Transcriptome ; Biochemistry ; Biology ; Nanoparticle ; Gene expression ; Nanotechnology ; Fish <Actinopterygii> ; Gene ; Materials science Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis ; Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
Authors: Anna‐Maria Märta Ruth Persson | Erik Andreassen
Source: Polymers (article, 2022-03-24)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Cyclic Compression Testing of Three Elastomer Types—A Thermoplastic Vulcanizate Elastomer, a Liquid Silicone Rubber and Two Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Rubbers Thermoplastic elastomer vulcanizate (TPV) and liquid silicone rubber (LSR) are replacement candidates for ethylene-propylene-diene rubbers (EPDM), as they offer the possibility for two-component injection moulding. In this study, these material types were compared side by side in cyclic compression tests. The materials were also characterized to provide details on the formulations. Compared to the rubbers, the TPV had higher compression set (after a given cycle) and hysteresis loss, and a stronger Mullins effect. This is due to the thermoplastic matrix in the TPV. The LSR had lower compression set (after a given cycle) than the EPDM, but stronger Mullins effect and higher relative hysteresis loss. These differences between the LSR and the EPDM are likely due to differences in polymer network structure and type of filler. Methods for quantifying the Mullins effect are proposed, and correlations between a Mullins index and parameters such as compression set are discussed. The EPDMs showed a distinct trend in compression set, relative hysteresis loss and relaxed stress fraction vs. strain amplitude; these entities were almost independent of strain amplitude in the range 15-35%, while they increased in this range for the TPV and the LSR. The difference between the compression set values of the LSR and the EPDM decreased with increasing strain amplitude and increasing strain recovery time. Compression set ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Elastomer ; Silicone rubber ; Compression (physics) ; Thermoplastic elastomer ; Silicone ; EPDM rubber ; Thermoplastic ; Natural rubber ; Ethylene propylene rubber ; Hysteresis ; Polymer ; Copolymer Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties ; Structural Analysis of Composite Materials ; Elasticity and Material Modeling
Authors: Aiyun Luo | Zhida Song | Gang Xu
Source: npj Computational Materials (article, 2022-02-02)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Fragile topological band in the checkerboard antiferromagnetic monolayer FeSe Abstract By means of the first-principles calculations and magnetic topological quantum chemistry, we demonstrate that the low-energy physics in the checkerboard antiferromagnetic (AFM) monolayer FeSe, very close to an AFM topological insulator that hosts robust edge states, can be well captured by a double-degenerate nearly flat band with fragile topology just below the Fermi level. The Wilson loop calculations identify that such fragile topology is protected by the S 4 z symmetry, which gives rise to a 2D second-order topological insulator that supports the bound state with fractional charge e /2 at the sample corner. This work provides a platform to study the intriguing properties of magnetic fragile topological electronic states. Previous observations of the edge states and bound states in checkerboard AFM monolayer FeSe can also be well understood in our work. Checkerboard ; Monolayer ; Antiferromagnetism ; Condensed matter physics ; Materials science ; Physics ; Geometry ; Mathematics ; Nanotechnology Iron-based superconductors research ; Topological Materials and Phenomena ; 2D Materials and Applications
Authors: Hrishikesh Kalita | Mayank Bhushan | L. Robindro Singh
Source: Materials Science and Engineering B (review, 2022-12-12)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A comprehensive review on theoretical concepts, types and applications of magnetic semiconductors Magnetic semiconductor ; Magnetism ; Semiconductor ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Engineering physics ; Mechanism (biology) ; Fabrication ; Physics ; Condensed matter physics ; Optoelectronics ; Quantum mechanics ZnO doping and properties ; Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials ; Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides
Authors: M. Saravanan | S. Sudalai | A.B. Dharaneesh | V. Prahaaladhan | G. Srinivasan | A. Arumugam
Source: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology (article, 2022-11-19)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

An extensive review on mesoporous silica from inexpensive resources: properties, synthesis, and application toward modern technologies Mesoporous material ; Mesoporous silica ; Mesoporous organosilica ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Nanomaterials ; Process engineering ; Catalysis ; Chemistry ; Engineering ; Organic chemistry Zeolite Catalysis and Synthesis ; Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis ; Layered Double Hydroxides Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Joydip Mondal | Akella Sivaramakrishna
Source: Topics in Current Chemistry (review, 2022-06-23)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Functionalized Triazines and Tetrazines: Synthesis and Applications Tetrazine ; Chemistry ; Combinatorial chemistry ; Cycloaddition ; Bioorthogonal chemistry ; Nucleophile ; Triazine ; Electrophile ; Molecule ; Intramolecular force ; Antifungal ; Nanotechnology ; Organic chemistry ; Click chemistry Synthesis and Characterization of Heterocyclic Compounds ; Click Chemistry and Applications ; Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Authors: Qikai Li | Qing Zhou | Wangping Xu | Long Wen | Jun Li | Biao Deng | Jiajia Zhang | Hu Xu | Weishu Liu
Source: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (article, 2022-06-07)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Anion Size Effect of Ionic Liquids in Tuning the Thermoelectric and Mechanical Properties of PEDOT:PSS Films through a Counterion Exchange Strategy Poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) thermoelectric thin films have attracted significant interest due to their solution-processable manufacturing. However, molecular-level tuning or doping is still a challenge to synergistically boost their thermoelectric performance and mechanically stretchable capabilities. In this work, we report a counterion exchange between ionic liquid bis(<i>x</i>-fluorosulfonyl) amide lithium (Li:<i>n</i>FSI, <i>n</i> = 1, 3, 5) with different sizes of anions and a PEDOT:PSS-induced bipolaron network, which significantly boosted the thermoelectric power factor from 0.8 to 157 μW m K<sup>-2</sup> at 235 °C and the maximum tensile strain from 3% to over 30%. The π-π* stacking of the PEDOT polymer chains was fine-tuned by the hydrophobic anions of <i>n</i>FSI<sup>-</sup>, providing a technical route for constructing a bipolaron network and inducing the transition from hopping transport to band-like transport. Furthermore, we found that the stretchable capabilities, that is, ε<sub>max</sub>, were connected to the gelation time of the PEDOT:PSS-Li:<i>n</i>FSI aqueous solution. Thus, more fluorine-containing groups resulted in longer gelation times and higher ε<sub>max</sub> values, which significantly improved the processability of the solution-derived films. PEDOT:PSS ; Materials science ; Counterion ; Bipolaron ; Thermoelectric effect ; Chemical engineering ; Ionic bonding ; Polymer ; Polymer chemistry ; Ion ; Composite material ; Organic chemistry ; Thermodynamics ; Chemistry Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials ; Conducting polymers and applications
Authors: Qiqi Meng | Ling Zheng | Fang Chen | Huafeng Zhang | Wen‐Xing Yang
Source: Physica Scripta (article, 2022-12-08)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

High-efficiency broadband perfect absorber based on a multilayered pyramid structure Abstract In this paper, an ultra-broadband perfect absorber based on a four-layer pyramid metamaterial and a metal insulator metal (MIM) structure has been demonstrated and investigated. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) results indicate that the absorption originates from localized surface plasmons and waveguide mode resonance effect. An average absorption of 96.18 % with bandwidth ranging from 308 nm to 2387 nm was achieved, and the average absorption in the entire wave band (200–2800 nm) was approximately 94.64%. The results of the impedance matching theory are consistent with the FDTD simulation. Polarization insensitivity was investigated by studying the absorption characteristic of TE and TM polarizations. The effect of top and bottom materials was investigated and compared in detail. Moreover, by adjusting the geometrical size, the absorption performance can be fine- tuned. In addition, the proposed broadband absorber exhibited excellent absorption stability and environmental refractive index tolerance. Without noble metal materials, the proposed structure can reduce the fabrication costs. We believe that the proposed broadband absorber has potential applications in solar cells, infrared imaging, and thermal emitters. Materials science ; Finite-difference time-domain method ; Metamaterial ; Broadband ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Optoelectronics ; Optics ; Microwave ; Wideband ; Impedance matching ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Plasmon ; Electrical impedance ; Telecommunications ; Physics ; Computer science ; Composite material Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Electromagnetic Scattering and Analysis