jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Ishak Ahmad | Rashid Ahmad | Sohaib Tahir Chauhdary | Shakil Ahmad
Source: The Nucleus (article, 2022-09-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Species Concentration Gradient Method for Solution of Reacting Flow In this article, a new error balance approach utilizing local error per unit step (LEPUS) control strategy has been developed. The error control strategy has been upgraded to incorporate the temporal and spatial discretization error by an adjusting parameter, which has been linked with species gradient present in the chemical mechanism. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed improved LEPUS (ILEPUS) have been checked by solving the one-dimensional compressible gaseous flow in the absence of a reaction mechanism and compared with the old local error per step (LEPS) and traditional LEPUS strategies. With respect to the concentrations of nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide for the winter season, the simulation predictions have been found to have a positive correlation with the recent experimental data collected in Changchun city, China. For further insights into the scheme, both one- and two-dimensional reacting flows with complex chemical reactions have also been solved using ILEPUS and LEPS, where the ILEPUS scheme has proven better performance as compared with LEPS and LEPUS. Flow (mathematics) ; Balanced flow ; Environmental science ; Chromatography ; Chemistry ; Mechanics ; Mathematics ; Mathematical analysis ; Physics Catalytic Processes in Materials Science ; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting ; Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Authors: Zikui Shen | Yanpeng Hao | Zhenyu Xin | Xilin Wang | Zhidong Jia
Source: Frontiers in Materials (article, 2022-04-19)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Meta-Structure Surface Based on Dielectric Tensor Rotation Induced by AC Electric Field for Insulation Improvement Electric field distribution along gas–solid interfaces determines the reliability of insulating components. However, the dielectric gradient insulating component prepared by the conventional method is considered to only control the internal electric field, but is not beneficial to the surface insulation, especially when the electrode is at an acute angle from the dielectric surface. The aim of this study is to clarify that the meta-structure surface based on dielectric tensor rotation constructed by the electric field-induced assembly (EIA) method could improve surface insulation. The self-assembly and orientation axis rotation of filler particles near the interface were observed by in-situ optical observation, and the relationship between the dielectric tensor rotation and electric field refraction was revealed. Simulation of meta-structure surface induced by the EIA method on the basin insulator was conducted. The meta-structure surface exhibits negative and high reduced permittivity, confining electric field path and transferring the electrical stress from gas to insulator, which offers theoretical support to optimize the surface electric field. Flashover tests on the basin insulator proved the insulation improvement by meta-structure surface. Electric field ; Insulator (electricity) ; Materials science ; Dielectric ; Permittivity ; Composite material ; Relative permittivity ; Optoelectronics ; Physics Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity ; Dielectric materials and actuators ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies
Authors: Narges AL-Busalim
Source: Muthanna Journal for Agricultural Sciences (article, 2022-12-15)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Effect of Packaging Poultry Carcass Pieces with Fortified Collagen Proteins on the Chemical Properties of Meat Frozen Stored for Different Storage Periods This study was conducted in the Department of Animal Production / College of Agriculture / University of Basra for the period from 19/12/2021 to 10/5/2022, which aims to prepare collagen proteins fortified with lysozyme protein and cinnamon oil in the laboratory in the packaging of broiler carcasses (chest) by immersion method and study of chemical composition when freezing, collagen extraction according to Mohd et el.,(2012) . I took 60 pieces of chicken breast which were obtained from local markets in Basra and are fresh. As these segments were divided into four coefficients, each treatment has three replicates and each repeater consists of 5 segments of the chest, these segments were immersed in the prepared collagen proteins and according to the following treatments: T0- Treatment of control coated polyethylene bags only T1- Chest cutters coated with collagen only T2 - Chest cutters coated with collagen fortified with cinnamon oil T3- Chest cutters coated with collagen fortified with lysozyme enzyme The treatments were stored by freezing at a temperature of -18 ° C at (0, 15, 30, 45) days and the composition of the meat (moisture, fat, protein , ash) was studied and the results showed a decrease in the percentage of moisture lost and the percentage of fat and high percentage of protein in the third and fourth treatment compared to the control treatment with the progress of storage periods. Keywords :- Collagen, Cut-to-The-Chest, Cinnamon Oil Food science ; Lysozyme ; Broiler ; Chemistry ; Moisture ; Animal science ; Biology ; Biochemistry Collagen: Extraction and Characterization ; Food and Agricultural Sciences ; Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
Authors: Pavel Shcherban | Yakov Masyutin | Anna Vatagina | Margarita Belova | Alexander Stolyarenko
Source: Chimica Techno Acta (article, 2022-09-13)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Investigation of physical and chemical parameters of the raw hydrocarbon material base of Kaliningrad region for the concept development of an oil refinery The article analyzes the factors that determine the necessity of oil refinery construction in the Kaliningrad region of the Russian Federation. The assessment of the existing and prospective raw material base is performed. The data for the development of the feasibility study for an oil refinery construction are formed and analyzed. Taking into account the outdated data on the parameters of hydrocarbon raw materials produced in the region, as well as significant changes in the raw material base due to the tendency to develop offshore, rather than continental, fields the physical and chemical parameters of the oil fields of the Kaliningrad region are investigated for the possibility of their further use in oil refining in order to obtain high-quality gasoline and diesel fuel. The laboratory studies of oil samples on viscosity, density, fractional composition, content of sulfur, chloride salts, mechanical impurities, water, and flash point determination are carried out on the basis of the Russian state standards. The different variants of the refinery layouts are analyzed, considering the available raw material base. Taking into account the initial data obtained, a preliminary pre-design study of the technological scheme and the refinery mass balance is carried out and presented in the article. Refinery ; Raw material ; Oil refinery ; Diesel fuel ; Environmental science ; Refining (metallurgy) ; Gasoline ; Fuel oil ; Petroleum engineering ; Base oil ; Petroleum ; Waste management ; Engineering ; Environmental engineering ; Chemistry ; Materials science ; Metallurgy Petroleum Processing and Analysis ; Engineering Diagnostics and Reliability ; Coal and Coke Industries Research
Authors: Montes de Oca Zapiain, David | Dane Morgan | Bryce Thurston | Tommy Ao | Brendan Donohue | Carianne Martinez | Mark A. Rodriguez | Marcus D. Knudson | J. Matthew D. Lane
Source:  (article, 2022-07-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Simulated X-ray Diffraction and Machine Learning for Interpretation of Dynamic Compression Experiments. Abstract not provided. Diffraction ; Dynamic range compression ; Interpretation (philosophy) ; Computer science ; Compression (physics) ; Artificial intelligence ; Materials science ; Optics ; Composite material ; Physics ; Programming language Machine Learning in Materials Science
Authors: Imke Weishaupt | Peter Neubauer | Jan Schneider
Source: Food Science & Nutrition (article, 2022-01-05)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Near‐infrared spectroscopy for the inline classification and characterization of fruit juices for a product‐customized flash pasteurization The feasibility of inline classification and characterization of seven fruit juice varieties was investigated by the application of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with chemometrics. The findings are intended to be used to optimize the flash pasteurization of liquid foods. More precise information of the kind of product in real time had to be achieved to enable a more product-specific process. Using the method of partial least squares discriminant analysis, the fruit juice varieties were classified, showing a classification rate of 100% regarding an internal and 69% regarding an external test sets. A characterization by the extract content, pH value, turbidity, and viscosity was made by fitting a partial least squares regression model. The percentage prediction error of the pH value was <3% for internal and external test sets, and for the Brix value prediction errors were about 4% (internal) and 20% (external). The parameters viscosity and turbidity were found to be unsuitable. Despite this, the strategy applied to gain more product-specific information in real time showed to be feasible. By linking the results to a database containing potentially harmful microorganisms for various types of fruit juices, a more product-specific calculation of the necessary heat input can be performed. To demonstrate the practical relevance, a comparison between conventional and product-adapted process control was performed using two fruit varieties as examples in case of <i>Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris</i>. Thus, with more accurate product information, achieved through the use of NIRS with chemometrics, a more precise calculation of the heat input can be achieved. Pasteurization ; Flash (photography) ; Food science ; Characterization (materials science) ; Chemistry ; Product (mathematics) ; Materials science ; Nanotechnology ; Mathematics ; Physics ; Optics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Identification and Quantification in Food
Authors: Tejashri Harshal Gawad
Source: Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (article, 2022-02-11)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

The Comparative Study of Traditional and Modern Construction Materials &amp; Techniques The paper here outlines favourable conditions, inequalities, and ways to overcome barriers to a wide selection of different current development programs that can help the development industry and its relevance to traditional processes. With all these advances in building strategies and the need for end users of creatibe buildings we in terms of builders and design engineers must innovate new and creative to meet their needs. Intelligent architecture and material technology is a tool for spreading information on how different structural materials effectively increased productivity and profitability through newly developed communication, collaboration and management technologies. We have seenrapid development of modern patterns, building materials, and advances in the International Construction Industry exhibition. From now on, photography has a huge impact on how development is done later. This paper includes different types of resources that provide new insights into new approaches and opens new doors for development and improvement in the construction industry Computer science Material Properties and Applications
Authors: Sergei Kurennov | Kostiantyn Barakhov | Oleksii Vambol | Oksana Pichugina
Source: Aerospace technic and technology (article, 2022-06-22)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

Розподіл напружень у клейовому шарі залежно від форми краю з'єднання Adhesive lap joints are widely used in many ways of modern technology, particularly in aircraft and aerospace, because to the fact that adhesive joints don't break the integrity of the composite structure. Moreover, adhesive joints ensure the transfer of the loads from the surface of the structure and have low weight, excellent tightness, etc. Mathematical models of the stress-strain state in the adhesive joints are based on the certain hypotheses of the distribution of stresses and displacements in the adhesive layer and in the bearing layers. As a rule, hypotheses about the uniform distribution of shear and normal stresses in the adhesive layer are currently used in articles. The stress state of the joint in the regular area, that is, the area distant from the edge of the adhesive layer, is well described by mathematical models based on these hypotheses. However, in a neighborhood of the edge of the joint, the adhesive layer is in a complex stress state and various factors affect the stress state, including the boundary conditions at the outer edge of the adhesive layer. The research on stresses in a neighborhood of the joint area is carried out in the article. The influence of the stress in the adhesive layer of such designed solutions, such as chamfers on the edges of the bearing layers and glue callus, is shown. The designing solutions, such as the creation of a chamfer on the edge of the bearing layer and the callus of excess glue, can reduce stress at the edge of the joint is also shown in the article. The chamfer in the bearing layer on the side facing the adhesive layer on the one hand allows to reduce the rigidity of the bearing layer, on the other hand to increase the compliance of the adhesive layer. However, the entire space between the outer layers must be filled with adhesive. Thus, the presence of a chamfer and callus of glue significantly reduces the maximum stresses in the adhesive layer, and thereby increases the strength of the structure. Adhesive ; Joint (building) ; Materials science ; Stress (linguistics) ; Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution ; Structural engineering ; Layer (electronics) ; Composite material ; Computer science ; Engineering Material Properties and Applications ; Environmental and Industrial Safety ; Polymer Science and Applications
Authors: Ding Pei | Binbin Wang | Zishu Zhou | Zhihai He | Liheng An | Shanmei He | Cheng Chen | Yiwei Li | Liyang Wei | Aiji Liang | J. Ávila | Pavel Dudin | Viktor Kandyba | Alessio Giampietri | Mattia Cattelan | Alexei Barinov | Zhongkai Liu | Jianpeng Liu | Hongming Weng | Ning Wang | Jiamin Xue | Yulin Chen
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2022-05-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Observation of {\Gamma}-valley moir\'e bands and emergent hexagonal lattice in twisted transition metal dichalcogenides Twisted van der Waals heterostructures have recently been proposed as a condensed-matter platform for realizing controllable quantum models due to the low-energy moir\'e bands with specific charge distributions in moir\'e superlattices. Here, combining angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with sub-micron spatial resolution ({\mu}-ARPES) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we performed a systematic investigation on the electronic structure of 5.1{\deg} twisted bilayer WSe2 that hosts correlated insulating and zero-resistance states. Interestingly, contrary to one's expectation, moir\'e bands were observed only at {\Gamma}-valley but not K-valley in {\mu}-ARPES measurements; and correspondingly, our STM measurements clearly identified the real-space honeycomb- and Kagome-shaped charge distributions at the moir\'e length scale associated with the {\Gamma}-valley moir\'e bands. These results not only reveal the unsual valley dependent moir\'e-modified electronic structure in twisted transition metal dichalcogenides, but also highlight the {\Gamma}-valley moir\'e bands as a promising platform for exploring strongly correlated physics in emergent honeycomb and Kagome lattices at different energy scales. Superlattice ; Condensed matter physics ; Heterojunction ; Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy ; van der Waals force ; Materials science ; Scanning tunneling microscope ; Electronic structure ; Transition metal ; Honeycomb ; Physics ; Chemistry ; Molecule 2D Materials and Applications ; Topological Materials and Phenomena ; Advanced Condensed Matter Physics
Authors: Bipasa Das | Joydeep Mukherjee | Satadal Das
Source: ACTA SCIENTIFIC MICROBIOLOGY (article, 2022-11-28)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Seasonal Variation of Diatom Community in Some Freshwater Ponds of Kolkata The water quality of different natural water bodies is now monitored in many countries by the diatom population. Thus a study on the diatom population in water bodies of a city is important and a study on the seasonal variation of such species in small water bodies like ponds may help us to find out which diatom species are related to polluted water. In this study, we selected six ponds located in the city of Kolkata, three ponds located in the slum area, and three ponds located in the non-slum area. Monthly five observations of diatom species in each pond were done from January 2018 to December 2019. After obtaining the raw data Shannon diversity index was calculated and compared. Most diatom species were found in the rainy and autumn season; however, in other months particularly when rainfall is very low only one or two species were found indicating their activities in polluted water. The isolates were Navicula radiosa, Synendra ulna, Cyclotella meneghiniana, Nitzschia stagnorum, Navicula gracilis, Navicula viridula, Others (occasionally found) [Navicula protracta, Cymbella tumida, Gomphonema vibrio, Grammatophora undulata, Aulacoseira granulata; Navicula reinhardtii, Achnanthes subsessilis, Cocconeis pediculus]. Synendra ulna, Diatom ; Variation (astronomy) ; Seasonality ; Ecology ; Environmental science ; Biology ; Fishery ; Oceanography ; Geology ; Physics Diatoms and Algae Research ; Water Quality and Pollution Assessment
Authors: Z. Hafsi | Djemoui Lalmi | Omar T. Mansour | Ab ed daim Kadoun
Source: Advances in intelligent systems research/Advances in Intelligent Systems Research (article, 2022-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Optimization of Backscattered Electron (BSE) Detector for Variable Pressure SEM with Monte Carlo method This work deals with The study of the energy and angular distributions of backscattered electrons (BSE) detected under vacuum and with pressure, which contribute to determining the appropriate place to put the BSE detector, we examine vacuum and air gas, the diameters of detector, we discuss its influence on the energy and angular distribution of BSE in the sample by Monte Carlo simulation to find the optimum experimental parameters needed for BSE imaging in VPSEM. For this aim, we have chosen: SiO2 as dielectric material and carbon for his lower atomic number in our results under vacuum shows that the limited geometry of the detector (detector radius) causes a great reduction of the BSE signal, The analyses demonstrate the location of a BSE detector relative to a sample surface will have a strong influence on its collection efficiency. Monte Carlo method ; Detector ; Electron ; Variable (mathematics) ; Computational physics ; Direct simulation Monte Carlo ; Computer science ; Materials science ; Statistical physics ; Physics ; Dynamic Monte Carlo method ; Optics ; Nuclear physics ; Mathematics ; Statistics Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques ; Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition
Authors: Yuming Jiang | Caleb Cranney | Jesse G. Meyer
Source: ChemRxiv (preprint, 2022-05-26)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Rapid Profiling of 2000 Human Protein Groups with Direct Infusion Shotgun Proteome Analysis (DISPA) + CsoDIAq Software Large-scale proteome analysis requires rapid and high-throughput analytical methods. We recently reported a new paradigm in proteome analysis where direct infusion and ion mobility are used instead of liquid chromatography (LC) to achieve rapid and high-throughput proteome analysis. Here we introduce several improvements to direct infusion shotgun proteome analysis (DISPA) to achieve identification of over 2,000 human protein groups, which is nearly four-fold more than the original publication. With DISPA using an Orbitrap Exploris 240 DISPA + CsoDIAq data analysis software, we demonstrate a rapid identification of over 2000 proteins from the HeLa proteome and accurate label free quantification (LFQ) of 1045 proteins from no more than one microgram of sample within minutes. From each single spectrum multiple peptides are often identified, up to 36 in one case. The identified proteins are involved in numerous valuable pathways including central carbon metabolism, nucleic acid replication and transport, protein synthesis, and endocytosis. We conclude that the DISPA + CsoDIAq strategy presents a valuable tool for high-throughput proteome analysis, enabling fast identification and quantification of proteins in complex mixtures. Proteome ; Shotgun ; Computational biology ; Human proteome project ; Orbitrap ; Shotgun proteomics ; Biology ; Proteomics ; Chemistry ; Bioinformatics ; Biochemistry ; Mass spectrometry ; Chromatography ; Gene Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Machine Learning in Bioinformatics
Authors: Jeemin Seo | Changmok Lim | Kye Young Lee | Young-Cho Koh | Won‐Jin Moon
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2022-02-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Optimal MRI time determination for intracerebral metastases and primary brain tumors after injecting a standard gadobutrol dose: Evidence from a dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging study Gadobutrol ; Contrast (vision) ; Medicine ; Dynamic contrast ; Gadolinium ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Nuclear medicine ; Radiology ; Chemistry ; Computer science Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes ; Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications ; MRI in cancer diagnosis
Authors: An Yuan | Nian Cai | Zhouyixiao Wu | Zhiliang Wu | Shaoqiu Xu | Weicheng Ou | Han Wan
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2022-10-13)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Visual inspection via a global-to-local optimization method for agarwood sticks Abstract Chemical composition analysis, chromatography and spectroscopy are dominate quality evaluation methods for agarwood, which are cumbersome and time-consuming. To facilitate its quality evaluation, a global-to-local optimization method is proposed to automatically inspect the appearance of the burned agarwood stick. First, a dissimilarity coefficient is defined by the attributes of the connected domains to coarsely localize the carbon line region. Then, the threshold for the coarsely localized carbon line region is adaptively determined based on grayscale characteristics of image patches partitioned from the coarsely localized carbon line region. Next, the threshold is used to extract the contour of the carbon line region and to establish the fine localization model for locally and precisely localizing the carbon line region. Finally, an ash shrinkage compensation coefficient is defined to calculate the ash shrinkage rate (ASR). The ASR combined with carbon line height is utilized to characterize the appearance of burned agarwood. Experimental results indicate that the proposed inspection method can well detect the carbon line regions and ashes of burned agarwood sticks, with a mean ASR error of 0.74%, which is superior to some existing inspection methods. Agarwood ; Line (geometry) ; Carbon fibers ; Shrinkage ; Grayscale ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Biological system ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Feature (linguistics) ; Mathematics ; Computer vision ; Materials science ; Image (mathematics) ; Algorithm ; Statistics ; Geometry Wood and Agarwood Research ; Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection ; Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis