jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Ratimanasee Sahu | Abhishek Kumar Gupta | Peter Schall | Sarika Maitra Bhattacharyya | Vijayakumar Chikkadi
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-08-21)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Shear induced topological changes of local structure in dense colloidal suspensions Understanding the structural origins of glass formation and mechanical response remains a central challenge in condensed matter physics. Recent studies have identified the local caging potential experienced by a particle due to its nearest neighbors as a robust structural metric that links microscopic structure to dynamics under thermal fluctuations and applied shear. However, its connection to locally favored structural motifs has remained unclear. Here, we analyze structural motifs in colloidal crystals and glasses and correlate them with the local caging potential. We find that icosahedral motifs in glasses are associated with deeper caging potentials than crystalline motifs such as face-centered cubic (FCC) and hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structures. Both crystalline and amorphous systems also contain large number of particles belonging to stable defective motifs, which are distortions of the regular motifs. Under shear, large clusters of defective motifs fragment into smaller ones, driving plastic deformation and the transition from a solid-like to a liquid-like state in amorphous suspensions. Particles that leave clusters of stable motifs are associated with shallower caging potentials and are more prone to plastic rearrangements, ultimately leading to motif disintegration during shear. Our results thus reveal that the loss of mechanical stability in amorphous suspensions is governed by the topological evolution of polytetrahedral motifs, uncovering a structural mechanism underlying plastic deformation and fluidization. Icosahedral symmetry ; Amorphous solid ; Topological defect ; Molecular dynamics ; Colloid ; Shear (geology) ; Colloidal crystal ; Shear matrix ; Structural stability ; Glass transition Material Dynamics and Properties ; Liquid Crystal Research Advancements ; Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization
Authors: Jay Narayan | Anjali Dixit | Ram Babu Sharma | Sakshi Tomer
Source: Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics (article, 2025-09-15)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Advancements in Diabetes Mellitus: Pathogenesis, Current Therapies, and Emerging Treatment Strategies The incidence of diabetes mellitus is sharply increasing globally, making it a serious public health concern. More than 463 million people were impacted in 2019, and estimates indicate that by 2045, that figure may rise to 700 million. Diabetes causes serious consequences, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular illnesses. It is characterised by persistent hyperglycemia brought on by either inadequate insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), both with unique aetiologies and treatment needs, are part of the complicated pathophysiology of diabetes. In contrast, T2DM is primarily associated with insulin resistance and is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, T1DM, which is often autoimmune in nature, results in total insulin insufficiency. Insulin therapy, oral hypoglycemic medications, and lifestyle changes are examples of traditional management techniques; however, they frequently fall short of providing the best possible glycaemic control. Recent developments in diabetes treatment have led to novel therapeutic approaches, including immunological therapies, novel pharmacological agents, and nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems. The goals of these new therapies are to reduce the risk of complications, enhance patient compliance, and improve glycemic management. This overview provides an overview of the development of diabetes treatments, the pathophysiology of the condition, available treatment options, and the promise of new drugs and methods for managing the condition. We can gain a better understanding of the future of diabetes care and the significance of creating individualised treatment plans to improve patient outcomes and quality of life by investigating these developments. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus; Hyperglycemia; Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM); Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM); Novel Therapeutic Strategies Diabetes mellitus ; Glycemic ; Insulin ; Insulin resistance ; Quality of life (healthcare) ; Type 2 diabetes ; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ; Review article Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Pancreatic function and diabetes ; Advanced Glycation End Products research
Authors: Anil K. Raina | HK Awasthi | Charanjeet | Vinay Bhardwaj | Vipin Kumar
Source: Cuestiones de Fisioterapia (article, 2025-02-03)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

The Hidden Dangers of Vegetable Oil Consumption: Analyzing Chemical Contaminants and their Health Implications Vegetable oils, commonly used in cooking and processed foods, are often considered healthyalternatives to animal fats. However, their consumption raises concerns due to the presence ofchemical contaminants such as trans fats, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), andaldehydes formed during processing and high-heat cooking. These contaminants are linked tovarious health risks, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and metabolic disorders. Thisreview analyzes the sources, formation, and health implications of these chemical byproducts,emphasizing the need for improved processing techniques and consumer awareness. The paperalso discusses potential safer alternatives to conventional vegetable oils and strategies formitigating associated health risks. Contamination ; Consumption (sociology) ; Oil consumption ; Environmental science ; Environmental health ; Business ; Environmental chemistry ; Chemistry ; Engineering ; Medicine ; Biology ; Sociology ; Social science ; Ecology Dye analysis and toxicity ; Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
Authors: Y. K. Su | Yinfeng Lv | Xiangwen Feng | Zhichun Bi | Anshan Shan
Source: Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version) (article, 2025-05-14)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Classification and application progress of stimuli-responsive peptide nanomaterials 近年来, 刺激响应性肽纳米材料(SRPNs)因其出色的功能性和环境响应特性, 成为纳米生物材料领域的重要研究方向. SRPNs能够感知病理微环境中的特定刺激, 通过精准调控自组装或解组装, 为生物医学应用提供创新解决方案. 通过分子设计, SRPNs不仅具有特异性响应能力, 还兼具优异的生物相容性, 显著提升了治疗效率并降低副作用. 本综述对SRPNs的设计策略及其在生物医学领域的应用进行了全面梳理, 着重阐述了SRPNs对pH、氧化还原、酶和温度等刺激的响应机制和SRPNs在药物递送、生物成像、抗菌及伤口愈合等方面的应用. 最后, 讨论了SRPNs在实际应用中面临的生物相容性、稳定性及体内精确刺激响应等挑战, 并对其未来发展进行展望. 期望此综述能为相关领域的深入研究提供方向, 助力SRPNs的创新发展. Nanomaterials ; Computer science ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials ; Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques ; Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
Authors: Sizhong Yang | Xuan Tian | Xianyu Li | Lixue Yin | Xianchun Zeng | Qinglian Zhang | Gang Liu | Rui Zhang | X Zhang | Mengqing Xiang | Jifeng Ning | Xiao‐Qin Wei | Peijun Li | Xueli Li
Source: Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods (article, 2025-07-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction vs. conventional ether distillation of Zanthoxylum bungeanum pericarps: comparison of compounds, flavor and biological activities Zanthoxylum bungeanum (Z. bungeanum) pericarp is a well-known Chinese spice. Essential oils extracted from the pericarps are major constituents and offer the convenience of further investigation and applications. The traditional ether distillation and emerging SC-CO2 extraction were compared, highlighting advantages of both modes of extraction. Ether extraction yielded higher essential oil (19.36 ± 0.74%) than SC-CO2 oils (16.10 ± 0.59%). In addition, 62 kinds of compounds were extracted by distillation, which was more than SC-CO2 extracts with 49 components analyzed using GC-MS. Linalool, terpineol, limonene, and their derivatives were the predominant compounds in both essential oils, exhibiting higher solubility in ether. These short-chain hydrocarbons, detectable by GC-MS or the S6 sensor in an electronic nose system, may serve as key flavor markers for Z. bungeanum. However, flavor evaluated by E-nose was negatively influenced by the ether solvent. SC-CO2 extracts were clean, nontoxic, and had a pleasant aroma. Furthermore, CO2 oils exhibited superior antioxidative and anticancer abilities as well as antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogens. Traditional ether distillation, demonstrating strong extraction efficiency, is suitable for further scientific studies on aroma compositions in Z. bungee-num. SC-CO2 demonstrates significant potential for Zanthoxylum processing. Comparing these methods could enhance the application of Zanthoxylum species and other condiments. Supercritical carbon dioxide ; Zanthoxylum ; Chemistry ; Flavor ; Supercritical fluid extraction ; Extraction (chemistry) ; Carbon dioxide ; Distillation ; Supercritical fluid ; Organic chemistry ; Chromatography ; Food science ; Botany ; Biology Chromatography in Natural Products ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Plant chemical constituents analysis
Authors: Thomas Waas | Christophe Berthod | Jan Berges | Nicola Marzari | J. Hugo Dil | Samuel Poncé
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-08-19)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Extraction of the self energy and Eliashberg function from angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy using the \textsc{xARPES} code Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy is a powerful experimental technique for studying anisotropic many-body interactions through the electron spectral function. Existing attempts to decompose the spectral function into non-interacting dispersions and electron-phonon, electron-electron, and electron-impurity self-energies rely on linearization of the bands and manual assignment of self-energy magnitudes. Here, we show how self-energies can be extracted consistently for curved dispersions. We extend the maximum-entropy method to Eliashberg-function extraction with Bayesian inference, optimizing the parameters describing the dispersions and the magnitudes of electron-electron and electron-impurity interactions. We compare these novel methodologies with state-of-the-art approaches on model data, then demonstrate their applicability with two high-quality experimental data sets. With the first set, we identify the phonon modes of a two-dimensional electron liquid on TiO2-terminated SrTiO3. With the second set, we obtain unprecedented agreement between two Eliashberg functions of Li-doped graphene extracted from separate dispersions. We release these functionalities in the novel Python code xARPES. This submission contains all the files and scripts needed to generate the figures and tables of the \textsc{xARPES} paper. Spectral function ; Python (programming language) ; Code (set theory) ; Function (biology) ; Anisotropy ; Photoemission spectroscopy ; Spectroscopy ; Linearization Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques ; Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Surface and Thin Film Phenomena
Authors: Jingjing Wang
Source: Information Resources Management Journal (article, 2025-05-02)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Simulation Design for Wear Comfort of Garment Fabric Texture Under Industry 4.0 This study explores the simulation design of garment fabric texture to enhance wearing comfort within the framework of Industry 4.0. As personalized fashion becomes increasingly viable through digitalization and intelligent manufacturing, optimising fabric texture for comfort is crucial. The study adopts a comprehensive approach, integrating orthogonal design experiments, subjective wear trials, and objective measurements using thermal imaging, microclimate sensors, and pressure mapping. The research develops a predictive model for wearing comfort based on heat and moisture regulation, contact sensation, and pressure distribution. The findings highlight the significant influence of fabric material and gram weight interactions on overall comfort. These insights contribute to the advancement of smart textile design, enabling the production of garments that better meet human ergonomic and thermal needs and fostering innovation in fashion technology within the Industry 4.0 paradigm. Texture (cosmology) ; Engineering ; Manufacturing engineering ; Engineering drawing ; Computer science ; Automotive engineering ; Artificial intelligence Textile materials and evaluations ; Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection
Authors: Muhammad Asrori
Source:  (preprint, 2025-07-21)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Atomic Psychological Chemistry: New Approaches for General Chemistry (This is an analysis in unreal state). Based on the current state of philosophy of science, research that goes to the level of wisdom requires an approach that can prevent bias and error research. Chemistry which is the center of science requires an approach that is capable of multidisciplinary. In Chemistry, research developments are very rapid and the knowledge is increasingly specific and in-depth, such as new synthesis methods, new analytical methods, new concepts, etc. However, scientists have not been satisfied with his/her findings because of philosophy. To help the path of the philosophy to be wiser and more focused, I propose an approach is atomic psychological chemistry. I have explored this approach based on inspiration, observation, evaluation, reflection, and insight. This approach can provide a new paradigm and philosophy for conducting scientific research, especially chemistry. This study will describe the approach in the periodic table of elements. The discussion focused on the approach. (Note: many journals have not accepted this manuscript) Chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science History and advancements in chemistry ; Various Chemistry Research Topics
Authors: Hussein Shundi Alhajj Al-Gharbawi | Marwan Saleh Mahdi | Mustafa Naeem Nuhair Al-sarray | Sajjad Jawad Kadhi Al-sarray
Source: Experimental and Theoretical NANOTECHNOLOGY (article, 2025-02-15)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Antibacterial activity and wound healing properties of chitosan ana nanoparticle chitosan in rat This study investigates the antibacterial and wound healing properties of chitosan and chitosan nanoparticles in a rat model. Twenty adult male rats are divided into two groups: one group received chitosan treatment, and the other received chitosan nanoparticle treatment. Each rat had two skin slits, which are dried over seven days. Wound healing is estimated through histopathological and microbiological duties. The findings tell that chitosan nanoparticles significantly develop wound healing and exhibit bigger antibacterial activity compared to traditional chitosan, representing their potential for innovative wound care applications. Chitosan ; Antibacterial activity ; Wound healing ; Nanoparticle ; Materials science ; Traditional medicine ; Chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Medicine ; Biology ; Bacteria ; Surgery ; Organic chemistry Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Medicinal Plant Research ; Silk-based biomaterials and applications
Authors: Hong Zhang | Jiean Liao | Yawen Xiao
Source: Frontiers in Plant Science (article, 2025-10-31)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Colour detection method of Korla fragrant pear based on dielectric spectroscopy technology The results can provide a new method for the accurate detection of the quality of Korla fragrant pear. PEAR ; Quality (philosophy) ; Dielectric ; Spectroscopy Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies ; Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
Authors: Xiaoyang Liu
Source: SHS Web of Conferences (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Navigating the AI Energy Challenge: A Sociotechnical Framework and Strategic Solutions for Sustainable Artificial Intelligence Artificial intelligence is at the intersection of innovation and escalating energy demands. This paper addresses the AI energy paradox through an integrated sociotechnical framework that combines technological architectures, organizational practices, and adaptive governance. Comprehensive case analyses reveal critical leverage points where targeted interventions boost performance while significantly reducing energy consumption. Our findings challenge conventional views of inherent efficiency–performance trade-offs, showing that these limitations largely stem from outdated design choices. We propose a balanced strategy: deploy mid-scale models for routine, high-efficiency tasks (e.g., dataset processing and rapid document summarization) and reserve high-capacity models with advanced reasoning for complex challenges. By aligning optimized hardware architectures with strategic policy measures, our approach offers considerable economic, operational, and environmental benefits. Furthermore, our analysis highlights an urgent need for innovative, energy-conscious AI development strategies. This roadmap empowers researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to harness AI’s transformative potential while ensuring ethical and sustainable development for current and future generations. Sociotechnical system ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer science ; Sustainable energy ; Management science ; Engineering ; Renewable energy Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Green IT and Sustainability
Authors: Alan M Laibelman
Source: Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences (article, 2025-08-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Nature and Nurture in Archaeal Synthetases and their Effects on trna Aminoacylation Genes affect lifestyle preferences affect genes affect lifestyle preferences; the cycle never stops. For no lifeform is this more dramatically demonstrated than Archaea, the majority of whom are extreme in their preference for heat or cold, acidity or alkalinity, degree of salinity, presence or absence of oxygen. This comparative genomic study investigated encoded aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase primary sequences for 150 species. In conjunction with a previous inquiry about tRNA sequences, implications arise for mechanisms of aminoacylation for each tRNA type by its cognate amino acid with synthetase as catalyst. One strong conclusion emerges: there is a severe shortage of kinetic data available for these organisms. Regardless of theoretical developments for bacterial systems, on which much effort has been expended over time, they cannot be reliably extrapolated into Archaea to produce a comprehensive understanding of the process of translation in unicellular creatures. Aminoacylation ; Transfer RNA ; Translation (biology) ; Archaea ; Amino acid ; Affect (linguistics) ; Gene Enzyme Structure and Function ; Chemical Synthesis and Analysis ; Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
Authors: Tin Hang Hung | Kalyani Lenton | Phourin Chhang | Voradol Chamchumroon | Bansa Thammavong | Riina Jalonen | Ida Theilade | John Mackay
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (article, 2025-12-16)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Environmental and transcriptomic determinants of drought response in critically endangered Siamese rosewood Abstract Rosewoods account for up to 40% of the global illegal wildlife trade, with Dalbergia cochinchinensis (Siamese rosewood) being the most heavily exploited species in Southeast Asia. Its survival is further threatened by intensifying drought linked to climate change and hydrological alteration. Here we combine greenhouse drought experiments across six provenances with full-length cDNA-seq to uncover how water-relations and carbon-use strategies vary within this species. Multivariate trait analysis resolves a two-dimensional isohydry space, in which a water-flux stringency axis ( g s – E ) is largely orthogonal to a carbon-economics axis ( A–WUE i ). Provenances differed strikingly, where two (KKH and DN) showed a rare E ↓ A ↑ response, achieving high WUE i and maintaining growth under drought. Contrary to expectation, precipitation of the wettest month, not the driest, predicted isohydry, indicating that wet-season conditions set a developmental and hydrological floor for later drought responses. We identified 76 drought-responsive genes and two genes associated with isohydry axes, SEOR1 and a poorly characterised Notch-like protein AT4G14746. We also detected provenance-specific isoform switches, where drought favoured a loss-of-function PRX52 isoform lacking its signal peptide in the anisohydric provenance THB, and gain-of-function isoforms of ANN3 and LTPG5 in NP. These results reveal previously hidden diversity in drought strategies, identify mechanism-related markers for screening, and provide a simple climatic lever for climate-adjusted provenancing. We reveal post-transcriptional regulation as a novel candidate substrate for local adaptation in a threatened tropical tree, directly linking ecophysiology, climate, and genomics for conservation and restoration. Threatened species ; Endangered species ; Critically endangered ; Adaptation (eye) ; Climate change ; Local adaptation ; Trait Wood and Agarwood Research ; Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis ; Ginger and Zingiberaceae research
Source: International Journal of Corrosion and Scale Inhibition (article, 2025-12-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Assessment of zinc oxide-polyurethane internal coating for protection of ASTM A106 steel in seawater piping This study evaluates the effectiveness of zinc oxide-polyurethane internal coatings on ASTM A106 carbon steel pipes exposed to a 3.5% NaCl solution.The testing was carried out using immersion testing, potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and pull-off adhesion testing to assess corrosion resistance, corrosion rate, and coating adhesion strength.Corrosion rate results obtained from PDP testing were compared with those from immersion testing, indicating that short-term electrochemical testing does not fully reflect the long-term degradation effects observed in immersion tests.Coated specimens generally exhibited lower corrosion rates, with optimal performance achieved at specific zinc oxide concentrations.However, Specimen E (92.5% polyurethane -7.5% zinc oxide) showed macrocracking after prolonged exposure, indicating that excessive zinc oxide content may lead to coating failure and exposure of the metal surface to corrosion.Pull-off adhesion testing and SEM analysis revealed that the addition of zinc oxide improved the mechanical strength of the coating, as demonstrated by Specimen C (97.5% polyurethane -2.5% zinc oxide), which exhibited the highest tensile strength.In contrast, agglomeration due to high zinc oxide content in Specimens D (95% polyurethane -5% zinc oxide) and E resulted in decreased adhesion strength and reduced corrosion protection.The uncoated specimen (Specimen A) exhibited a corrosion rate of 0.17139 mm/year, while Specimen D achieved a rate of 0.03352 mm/year, corresponding to the highest inhibition efficiency of 99.98% based on PDP results.These findings underscore the importance of optimizing zinc oxide concentration to achieve a balance between corrosion resistance, mechanical integrity, and coating durability in marine environments. Zinc ; Seawater ; Piping ; Coating ; Corrosion ; Galvanization Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition ; Material Properties and Failure Mechanisms ; Engineering Diagnostics and Reliability