jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Xun Tang | Chathuranganie A. M. Senevirathne | Toshinori Matsushima | Atula S. D. Sandanayaka | Chihaya Adachi
Source: Advanced Materials (article, 2023-05-10)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Progress and Perspective toward Continuous‐Wave Organic Solid‐State Lasers A continuous-wave (CW) organic solid-state laser is highly desirable for spectroscopy, sensing, and communications, but is a significant challenge in optoelectronics. The accumulation of long-lived triplet excitons and relevant excited-state absorptions, as well as singlet-triplet annihilation, are the main obstacles to CW lasing. Here, progress in singlet- and triplet-state utilizations in organic gain media is reviewed to reveal the issues in working with triplets. Then, exciton behaviors that inhibit light oscillations during long excitation pulses are discussed. Further, recent advances in increasing organic lasing pulse widths from microseconds toward the indication of CW operation are summarized with respect to molecular designs, advanced resonator architectures, triplet scavenging, and potential triplet contribution strategies. Finally, future directions and perspectives are proposed for achieving stable CW organic lasers with significant triplet contribution. Lasing threshold ; Materials science ; Laser ; Triplet state ; Continuous wave ; Optoelectronics ; Singlet state ; Excited state ; Exciton ; Atomic physics ; Optics ; Physics ; Condensed matter physics Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials ; Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Research ; Perovskite Materials and Applications
Authors: Flóra Vitális | Jelena Munćan | Sukritta Anantawittayanon | Zoltán Kovács | Roumiana Tsenkova
Source: Foods (article, 2023-01-06)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Aquaphotomics Monitoring of Lettuce Freshness during Cold Storage Fresh-cut leafy vegetables are one of the most perishable products because they readily deteriorate in quality even during cold storage and have a relatively short shelf life. Since these products are in high demand, methods for rigorous quality control and estimation of freshness that are rapid and non-destructive would be highly desirable. The objective of the present research was to develop a rapid, non-destructive near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-based method for the evaluation of changes during cold storage of lettuce using an aquaphotomics approach to monitor the water molecular structure in lettuce leaves. The reference measurements showed that after 6 days of dark, cold storage, the weight and water activity of lettuce leaves decreased and β-carotene decreased, while chlorophylls slightly increased. Aquaphotomics characterization showed large differences in the lettuce leaves' spectra depending on their growth zone. Difference spectra, principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) confirmed the differences in the inner and outer leaves and revealed that spectra change as a function of storage time. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) allowed the prediction of the time spent in storage with a coefficient of determination of R<sup>2</sup> = 0.80 and standard error of RMSE = 0.77 days for inner, and R<sup>2</sup> = 0.86 and RMSE = 0.66 days for outer leaves, respectively. The following water absorbance bands were found to provide the most information in the spectra: 1348, 1360, 1373, 1385, 1391, 1410, 1416, 1422, 1441, 1447, 1453, 1466, 1472, 1490, 1503, 1515, 1521, 1534 and 1571 nm. They were further used as water matrix coordinates (WAMACs) to define the water spectral patterns (WASPs) of lettuce leaves. The WASPs of leaves served to succinctly describe the state of lettuces during storage. The changes in WASPs during storage reveled moisture loss, damage to cell walls and expulsion of intracellular water, as well as loss of free and weakly hydrogen-bonded water, all leading to a loss of juiciness. The WASPs also showed that damage stimulated the defense mechanisms and production of vitamin C. The leaves at the end of the storage period were characterized by water strongly bound to collapsed structural elements of leaf tissues, mainly cellulose, leading to a loss of firmness that was more pronounced in the outer leaves. All of this information was reflected in the changes of absorbance in the identified WAMACs, showing that the water molecular structure of lettuce leaves accurately reflects the state of the lettuce during storage and that WASPs can be used as a multidimensional biomarker to monitor changes during storage. Cold storage ; Food science ; Environmental science ; Biology ; Horticulture Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Meat and Animal Product Quality ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
Authors: Radu A. Paun | Sarah Jurchuk | Maryam Tabrizian
Source: Bioengineering & Translational Medicine (review, 2023-11-09)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

A landscape of recent advances in lipid nanoparticles and their translational potential for the treatment of solid tumors Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are biocompatible drug delivery systems that have found numerous applications in medicine. Their versatile nature enables the encapsulation and targeting of various types of medically relevant molecular cargo, including oligonucleotides, proteins, and small molecules for the treatment of diseases, such as cancer. Cancers that form solid tumors are particularly relevant for LNP-based therapeutics due to the enhanced permeation and retention effect that allows nanoparticles to accumulate within the tumor tissue. Additionally, LNPs can be formulated for both locoregional and systemic delivery depending on the tumor type and stage. To date, LNPs have been used extensively in the clinic to reduce systemic toxicity and improve outcomes in cancer patients by encapsulating chemotherapeutic drugs. Next-generation lipid nanoparticles are currently being developed to expand their use in gene therapy and immunotherapy, as well as to enable the co-encapsulation of multiple drugs in a single system. Other developments include the design of targeted LNPs to specific cells and tissues, and triggerable release systems to control cargo delivery at the tumor site. This review paper highlights recent developments in LNP drug delivery formulations and focuses on the treatment of solid tumors, while also discussing some of their current translational limitations and potential opportunities in the field. Drug delivery ; Solid lipid nanoparticle ; Medicine ; Biocompatible material ; Nanotechnology ; Cancer therapy ; Drug carrier ; Immunotherapy ; Drug ; Cancer ; Cancer research ; Pharmacology ; Materials science ; Biomedical engineering ; Internal medicine Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; RNA Interference and Gene Delivery ; Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
Authors: Lilian R. Heil | Eugen Damoc | Tabiwang N. Arrey | Anna Pashkova | Eduard Denisov | J. Petzoldt | Amelia C. Peterson | Chris Hsu | Brian C. Searle | Nicholas Shulman | Michael Riffle | B. Connolly | Brendan MacLean | Philip M. Remes | Michael W. Senko | Hamish Stewart | Christian Hock | Alexander Makarov | Daniel Hermanson | Vlad Zabrouskov | Christine C. Wu | Michael J. MacCoss
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2023-06-03)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Evaluating the Performance of the Astral Mass Analyzer for Quantitative Proteomics Using Data Independent Acquisition We evaluate the quantitative performance of the newly released Asymmetric Track Lossless (Astral) analyzer. Using data independent acquisition, the Thermo Scientific™ Orbitrap™ Astral™ mass spectrometer quantifies 5 times more peptides per unit time than state-of-the-art Thermo Scientific™ Orbitrap™ mass spectrometers, which have long been the gold standard for high resolution quantitative proteomics. Our results demonstrate that the Orbitrap Astral mass spectrometer can produce high quality quantitative measurements across a wide dynamic range. We also use a newly developed extra-cellular vesicle enrichment protocol to reach new depths of coverage in the plasma proteome, quantifying over 5,000 plasma proteins in a 60-minute gradient with the Orbitrap Astral mass spectrometer. Proteomics ; Spectrum analyzer ; Computer science ; Chemistry ; Telecommunications ; Biochemistry Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
Authors: Alejandra Arroyo-Cerezo | Xueping Yang | Ana M. Jiménez–Carvelo | Marina Pellegrino | Angela Felicita Savino | Paolo Berzaghi
Source: Food Chemistry (article, 2023-07-28)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Assessment of extra virgin olive oil quality by miniaturized near infrared instruments in a rapid and non-destructive procedure Food fraud in olive oil is a major concern for consumers and authorities due to the health risks and economic impacts. Common frauds include blending with other cheaper non-olive oils, or misleading labelling. The main issue is that legislation and methods presently used in routine laboratories are not always up to date with current fraudulent practices, making detection difficult, so new analytical methods development is required. This study focuses on developing an affordable and non-destructive analysis method based on NIR spectroscopy and chemometrics for EVOO quality assessment, specifically by monitoring 7 parameters of interest in EVOO measured by official methods and used to develop calibrations through NIR data. For this, two NIR low-cost portable instruments were employed, studied in-depth and compared with a NIR benchtop instrument. Calibration results enabled detection of atypical olive oils and excellent accuracy, especially for palmitic and oleic acid predictions, demonstrating the potential of the instruments. Chemometrics ; Olive oil ; Quality (philosophy) ; Environmental science ; Process engineering ; Biochemical engineering ; Calibration ; Pulp and paper industry ; Computer science ; Risk analysis (engineering) ; Business ; Food science ; Chemistry ; Engineering ; Mathematics ; Statistics ; Machine learning Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Edible Oils Quality and Analysis ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
Authors: Nayab Batool Rizvi | Anam Fatima | Rosa Busquets | Mohammad Rizwan Khan | Sadia Ashraf | Muhammad Shuaib Khan | Fatih Öz
Source: Food Analytical Methods (article, 2023-09-12)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Effect of the Media in the Folin-Ciocalteu Assay for the Analysis of the Total Phenolic Content of Olive Products Abstract The nutritional and economic value of oils is affected by its antioxidant properties linked to their total phenolic content (TPC). The analysis of antioxidants such as phenols may be affected by the lipophilic character of the media. Therefore, the accurate determination of TPC in oils deserves particular attention. This research has tested the effect of the alkaline medium in the quantification of TPC in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and olive pomace oil (OPO) using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Seven different EVOO and OPO oils were used to gain representativity and study matrix effects in the analysis. Among the alkaline conditions assayed, the Folin-Ciocalteu method led to maximum TPC in EVOOs samples using 7.5% Na 2 CO 3 , whereas 35% Na 2 CO 3 showed better characterization of TPC in OPOs than milder basic conditions. Therefore, when analyzing olive oil products, adjusting the alkaline media in the Folin Ciocalteu assay is important for optimal TPC determination. TPC analyses via Folin-Ciocalteu with different media was supported with antioxidant activities determined with reference assays: 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid cation radical and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical. Chemistry ; Pomace ; Phenols ; Olive oil ; Antioxidant ; Food science ; Chromatography ; Polyphenol ; Organic chemistry Edible Oils Quality and Analysis ; Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities ; Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
Authors: Gustav Mörée | Mats Leijon
Source: Materials (review, 2023-03-17)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Review of Play and Preisach Models for Hysteresis in Magnetic Materials This paper studies the properties of the Preisach model and the play model, and compare their similarities. Both are history-dependent hysteresis models that are used to model magnetic hysteresis. They are described as discrete sums of simple hysteresis operators but can easily be reformulated as integral equations of continuous distribution functions using either a Preisach weight distribution function or a play distribution function. The models are mostly seen as phenomenological or mathematical tools but can also be related to friction-like pinning of domain-wall motions, where Rayleigh's law of magnetic hysteresis can be seen as the simplest case on either the play model or the Preisach model. They are poor at modeling other domain behavior, such as nucleation-driven hysteresis. Yet another hysteresis model is the stop model, which can be seen as the inverted version of the play model. This type of model has advantages for expressions linked to energy and can be related to Steinmetz equation of hysteresis losses. The models share several mathematical properties, such as the congruency property and wiping-out property, and both models have a history of dependence that can be described by the series of past reversal points. More generally, it is shown that the many models can be expressed as Preisach models, showing that they can be treated as subcategories of the Preisach type models. These include the play model, the stop model and also the alternative KP-hysteron model. Hysteresis ; Magnetic hysteresis ; Preisach model of hysteresis ; Materials science ; Condensed matter physics ; Physics ; Magnetization ; Magnetic field ; Quantum mechanics Magnetic Properties and Applications ; Electric Motor Design and Analysis ; Piezoelectric Actuators and Control
Authors: Nobuaki Miura | Shujiro Okuda
Source: Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal (review, 2023-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Current progress and critical challenges to overcome in the bioinformatics of mass spectrometry-based metaproteomics Metaproteomics is a relatively young field that has only been studied for approximately 15 years. Nevertheless, it has the potential to play a key role in disease research by elucidating the mechanisms of communication between the human host and the microbiome. Although it has been useful in developing an understanding of various diseases, its analytical strategies remain limited to the extended application of proteomics. The sequence databases in metaproteomics must be large because of the presence of thousands of species in a typical sample, which causes problems unique to large databases. In this review, we demonstrate the usefulness of metaproteomics in disease research through examples from several studies. Additionally, we discuss the challenges of applying metaproteomics to conventional proteomics analysis methods and introduce studies that may provide clues to the solutions. We also discuss the need for a standard false discovery rate control method for metaproteomics to replace common target-decoy search approaches in proteomics and a method to ensure the reliability of peptide spectrum match. Metaproteomics ; Proteomics ; Computer science ; Computational biology ; Bioinformatics ; Data mining ; Data science ; Biology Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
Authors: Xiaochun Zheng | Li Chen | Xin Li | Dequan Zhang
Source: Foods (article, 2023-01-08)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Non-Destructive Detection of Meat Quality Based on Multiple Spectral Dimension Reduction Methods by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy The potential of four dimension reduction methods for near-infrared spectroscopy was investigated, in terms of predicting the protein, fat, and moisture contents in lamb meat. With visible/near-infrared spectroscopy at 400-1050 nm and 900-1700 nm, respectively, calibration models using partial least squares regression (PLSR) or multiple linear regression (MLR) between spectra and quality parameters were established and compared. The MLR prediction models for all three quality parameters based on the wavelengths selected by stepwise regression achieved the best results in the spectral region of 400-1050 nm. As for the spectral region of 900-1700 nm, the PLSR prediction model based on the raw spectra or high-correlation spectra achieved better results. The results of this study indicate that sampling interval shortening and of peak-to-trough jump features are worthy of further study, due to their great potential in explaining the quality parameters. Dimension (graph theory) ; Spectroscopy ; Infrared ; Reduction (mathematics) ; Infrared spectroscopy ; Near-infrared spectroscopy ; Quality (philosophy) ; Dimensionality reduction ; Spectral analysis ; Biological system ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Materials science ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Chemistry ; Artificial intelligence ; Mathematics ; Computer science ; Optics ; Physics ; Biology ; Environmental chemistry ; Combinatorics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
Authors: Rehab M. I. Elsamra | Mamdouh S. Masoud | Alyaa A. Zidan | Gehan M. El Zokm | Mohamed A. Okbah
Source: Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery (article, 2023-01-09)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Green synthesis of nanostructured zinc oxide by Ocimum tenuiflorum extract: characterization, adsorption modeling, cytotoxic screening, and metal ions adsorption applications Abstract Nano-ZnO was synthesized by the reduction of Zn (CH 3 COO) 2 .2H 2 O salt using the extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum leaves. The generated ZnO NPs were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and EDX techniques. FT-IR results approved the characteristic peaks, the formation of ZnO bonds, and the morphology changes after the adsorption of Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ from solutions. The outlined data of the XRD pointed to the formation of a hexagonal wurtzite structure. SEM images showed the spherical nature of the synthesized particles with an average diameter of 19 nm. Moreover, the best conditions for the adsorption of Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ by ZnO NPs were evaluated and fitted to isotherm and kinetic models. Short contact time of ~ 20 min and a small sorbent dosage of 40 mg were sufficient conditions for attaining maximum Pb 2+ adsorption capacity. Based on the modeling parameters, the adsorption follows pseudo-second-order kinetics where ZnO and metal ions are involved in the rate-determining step. Two important applications were thoroughly studied. The nanoparticles significantly removed Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ contaminants from real environmental water samples collected from different locations in Egypt. Additionally, the cytotoxic activity results provided perfect evidence for the higher efficacy of the synthesized ZnO NPs as an anticancer agent against Panc-1, PC-3, and CACO-2 cell lines with IC 50 of 1.70, 3.67, and 5.70 μgml −1 , respectively, compared to cisplatin (IC 50 = 3.57, 5.09, and 7.75 μgml −1 ). Furthermore, a low cytotoxic effect was observed on the normal human lung cell line (MRC-5, IC 50 = 22.40 μgml −1 ). The data can be used as a preliminary study for anticancer drug design after further clinical investigations. Graphical Abstract Adsorption ; Wurtzite crystal structure ; Ocimum ; Nuclear chemistry ; Zinc ; Metal ions in aqueous solution ; Nanoparticle ; Metal ; Chemistry ; Materials science ; Inorganic chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Organic chemistry Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications
Authors: Pietro Galizia | Diletta Sciti | Jon Binner | Vinothini Venkatachalam | Miguel Lagos | Francesca Servadei | Antonio Vinci | Luca Zoli | Thomas Reimer
Source: Journal of the European Ceramic Society (article, 2023-03-29)
Field: Materials Science — Ceramics and Composites

Elevated temperature tensile and bending strength of ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composites obtained by different processes This paper presents a comparison of microstructures and mechanical properties of different ZrB 2 -based CMCs, which were manufactured in the frame of the Horizon 2020 European C 3 HARME research project through different processes: slurry infiltration and sintering (SIS), polymer infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) and radio frequency chemical vapour infiltration (RF-CVI). Tensile testing with a novel optimized shape of the specimens was performed and compared with the results of flexural tests to assess the structural properties. For the first time, tensile tests up to 1600 °C were carried out on UHTCMCs. Despite the different microstructural features, all the ZrB 2 -based CMCs demonstrated excellent structural properties even at elevated temperature. The characterization shows how the different amount of porosity and fibre properties, such as its stiffness, strength and elongation, affected the mechanical behaviour of the C 3 HARME’s composites. Finally, the role of the high level of residual thermal stresses is discussed. Materials science ; Composite material ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Ceramic matrix composite ; Ceramic ; Bending ; Flexural strength ; Matrix (chemical analysis) Advanced ceramic materials synthesis ; Advanced materials and composites ; Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties
Authors: Hong-kai Zha | Wen-qing Yu | Jingwei Li | Jian Shi | Juncheng Li | Wenming Tang | Yinhe Lin | Kuisong Zhu | Jigui Cheng | Guicheng Liu
Source: Silicon (article, 2023-06-05)
Field: Materials Science — Ceramics and Composites

Progress in Preparation and Properties of Porous Silicon Nitride Ceramics Materials science ; Silicon nitride ; Ceramic ; Porous silicon ; Porosity ; Nitride ; Silicon ; Porous medium ; Composite material ; Metallurgy ; Layer (electronics) Advanced ceramic materials synthesis ; MXene and MAX Phase Materials ; Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications
Authors: Dongdong Liu | Xingliang Dai | Zhenchao Tao | Hu Zhou | Wenqing Hong | Haisheng Qian | Hongwei Cheng | Xianwen Wang
Source: Cancer Nanotechnology (article, 2023-05-29)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Advances in blood–brain barrier-crossing nanomedicine for anti-glioma Abstract Glioma is the most prevalent type of primary brain tumor, and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the highest and most deadly type of primary central nervous system (CNS) tumor, affecting a significant number of patients each year, with a median overall survival of approximately 14.6 months after diagnosis. Despite intensive treatment, nearly all GBM patients experience recurrence, with a 5-year survival rate of about 5%. The protective BBB and high tumor heterogeneity prevent the effective delivery of drugs, resulting in the treatment failure of various drugs. The emergence of nanometer-scale diagnosis and treatment methods has provided new promising approaches to overcome these difficulties. Thus, our review focuses on the development of BBB-crossing nanomedicine-enhanced chemotherapy and combined therapy applications for glioma. Meanwhile, we also reviewed the strategies to overcome the blood–brain barrier. Additionally, we discuss recent achievements in the area of brain tumor treatment with nanomedicine and the rational design approach, which will offer recommendations for anti-GBM nanomedicine development. Nanomedicine ; Medicine ; Glioma ; Glioblastoma ; Brain tumor ; Drug delivery ; Blood–brain barrier ; Oncology ; Internal medicine ; Cancer research ; Nanotechnology ; Pathology ; Central nervous system ; Materials science Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics