jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: K. G. Saravanan | Raja Manickam | Karthik Shanmugam | Palanisamy Arulselvan | Shanmugamprema Deepankumar
Source: Asian Journal of Chemistry (article, 2026-04-08)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Eco-Friendly Fabrication and Chemical Profiling of Termite Wing-Derived Novel Chitosan-Silver Nanoparticles with Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Potentials This study reports a sustainable route for preparing chitosan-capped silver nanoparticles (CSAg NPs) using chitosan obtained from termite wings (Odontotermes obesus) through a straightforward one-pot synthesis. The method enabled the reduction of Ag+ ions to metallic silver under mild conditions, producing stable nanoparticles without using harsh reagents. UV-visible spectroscopy verified that nanoparticles were formed as a result of the reaction of chitosan with silver nitrate, which exhibited a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at 425 nm. The X-ray diffraction data suggested that the resulting material was crystalline in nature; however, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra demonstrated that the hydroxyl and amino functionalities on the chitosan molecules were present and thus may have played a role in the stabilisation of the nanoparticles produced. Further analysis of morphology and element composition was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy to further verify the particle structure and presence of silver in the samples. The synthesised CSAg NPs exhibited excellent antibacterial activity at a concentration of 200 µg/mL, with inhibition zones of 15.3 ± 1.52 mm against Streptococcus mutans and 16.6 ± 1.52 mm against Streptococcus sobrinus. In addition, the nanoparticles demonstrated strong antibiofilm action against both oral infections. The prepared CSAg NPs showed pronounced antibiofilm activity against oral pathogens, indicating their potential application in controlling dental infections. The use of termite-wing-derived chitosan as a precursor for nanoparticle fabrication is reported here for the first time, offering a novel, environmentally friendly strategy for developing antimicrobial materials targeting biofilm-associated oral diseases. Nanoparticle ; Chitosan ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Silver nanoparticle ; Fabrication ; Surface plasmon resonance ; Scanning electron microscope ; Streptococcus mutans Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Silk-based biomaterials and applications ; Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging
Authors: Do-Yoon Lee | Gye-Tai Park
Source: Technobius physics. (article, 2026-03-29)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Standardized extraction of optical band gap and urbach energy in zno and al-doped zno thin films from uv–vis spectra: an in-silico workflow This study develops and validates a reproducible computational workflow for extracting the optical band gap and Urbach tail parameters of ZnO and Al-doped ZnO thin films from UV–Vis spectra. Synthetic transmission datasets were generated for ZnO and ZnO:Al (0–3 at.% Al) using a physically consistent thin-film optics model with realistic spectral broadening and noise, followed by standardized post-processing to reconstruct absorption behavior and perform band-edge analysis. The optical band gap values derived from the band-edge region remained tightly clustered across all compositions, with group means near 3.31–3.33 eV and small between-replicate dispersion (standard deviation ≤ 0.005 eV), indicating robust gap extraction under a fixed regression protocol. In contrast, the Urbach energy exhibited substantially higher variability, with group means spanning approximately 37–112 meV and larger scatter, highlighting the greater sensitivity of sub-gap analysis to low-signal regions and fitting-window selection. Overall, the results demonstrate that band-gap estimation is comparatively stable when procedures are standardized, whereas Urbach-tail quantification requires stricter control of noise floor and objective windowing. The proposed workflow provides a transparent baseline for consistent reporting and can be directly transferred to experimental ZnO/AZO datasets; the main limitation is that the present results are derived from synthetic spectra, motivating future validation on measured thin-film optical data. Workflow ; Band gap ; Thin film ; Dispersion (optics) ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Energy (signal processing) ; Transmission (telecommunications) ; Sensitivity (control systems) ZnO doping and properties ; Thin-Film Transistor Technologies ; Ga2O3 and related materials
Authors: Ayat F. Hashim | Hamdy A. Zahran | Sherine Afifi | Ahmed A. Abd-Rabou | Said Fatouh Hamed
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2026-03-21)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Colorimetric detection of edible oil oxidation using PAN–Congo red nanofiber mats Lipid oxidation significantly compromises the safety, nutritional quality, and shelf life of edible oils, while conventional analytical methods are costly, time-consuming, and unsuitable for real-time monitoring. This study presents a novel nanofiber-based colorimetric sensor for rapid visual detection of lipid oxidation in soybean oil (SBO) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) under accelerated storage conditions (70 °C for 35 days). Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber mats containing Congo red dye (CR, 0.0025%, 0.005%, and 0.01%, w/w) were fabricated via solution-blowing spinning and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Oxidative deterioration was evaluated through conjugated diene (CD) and triene (CT) values, para-anisidine value (p-AnV), total polar compounds (TPC), volatile oxidation compounds, Rancimat induction period (IP), FTIR analysis, and cytotoxicity assays. Among the developed sensors, Mat_III (0.01% CR) exhibited the highest sensitivity, showing distinct color responses with ΔE values of 12.83 ± 0.20 in SBO and 9.83 ± 0.15 in EVOO, and rapid response times of 2.94 s and 4.71 s, respectively. After 35 days, CD, CT, and TPC increased to 3.83%, 0.96%, and 12.17% in SBO and 2.49%, 0.62%, and 7.83% in EVOO, while IP values decreased markedly, particularly in SBO, from 7.89 h to 2.04 h. Overall, these sensors offer a low-cost, rapid, and user-friendly approach for real-time oil oxidation monitoring. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Lipid oxidation ; Nanofiber ; Polyacrylonitrile ; Peroxide value ; Edible oil ; Shelf life ; Scanning electron microscope Edible Oils Quality and Analysis ; Polydiacetylene-based materials and applications ; Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Huda Aljumayi
Source: Italian Journal of Food Science (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Development and application of &lt;i&gt;Mentha piperita&lt;/i&gt; extract-based nanocomposite films in gelatin and sodium alginate–xanthan gum matrix for fish meat quality and preservation This study reports the development of nanocomposite films incorporating Mentha piperita (peppermint) extract (MPE) into a gelatin and sodium alginate–xanthan gum biopolymer matrix to improve the refrigerated preservation of fish meat (4 ± 1°C). The films were characterized for structural properties, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and evaluated for their effectiveness in maintaining fish quality during storage. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) confirmed compact, smooth, and uniformly dispersed extract particles that enhanced film integrity. The films exhibited strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, as evidenced by microbiological and physicochemical analyses. Sensory evaluation demonstrated significantly higher odor (8.5 ± 0.3), texture (8.2 ± 0.4), and the overall acceptability scores (8.6 ± 0.2) in treated fish compared to controls (6.1 ± 0.5, 6.3 ± 0.4, and 6.0 ± 0.6, respectively) after 12 days of storage. Microbiological analysis showed reduction in total viable counts (from 7.9 ± 0.2 to 4.3 ± 0.1 log CFU/g) and psychrotrophic bacteria (from 7.2 ± 0.3 to 4.0 ± 0.2 log CFU/g). Lipid oxidation, measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), was also lower in treated samples (0.94 ± 0.05 mg malondialdehyde [MDA]/kg), compared to controls (2.35 ± 0.08 mg MDA/kg). These findings demonstrate that MPE-based nanocomposite films are effective biodegradable packaging materials that can enhance sensory quality, inhibit microbial growth, and extend the shelf life of fish meat. Gelatin ; Thiobarbituric acid ; Psychrotrophic bacteria ; Antioxidant ; Nanocomposite ; Shelf life ; Lipid oxidation ; Biopolymer ; Antimicrobial ; Chitosan Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Collagen: Extraction and Characterization ; Meat and Animal Product Quality
Authors: Afrah E. Mohammed | Reham M. Aldahasi | Hessa O. Aldraiwiesh | Ishrat Rahman | Munirah M. Alhammadi | Najah Albadari | Mohamed Khaled Bin Break | Sahar S. Alghamdi | Kawther Aabed
Source: Frontiers in Chemistry (article, 2026-04-07)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Gazania rigens (L.) gaertn leaf extract-inspired innovative synthesis of silver nanoparticles and promising applications as antibacterial and cytotoxic agents Introduction Silver nanoparticles are potent nanomaterials with significant applications in combating microbial infections and cancer. In this study, the extract of Gazania rigens var. uniflora was evaluated as a biogenic agent for the synthesis (G-AgNPs), and their biological activity was systematically assessed. Additionally, association of the antibiotic ampicillin and biogenic silver nanoparticles was developed to explore potential additive antibacterial effects, which has not been previously reported for this species. Methods Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using a combination of the plant leaf extract and silver nitrate solution. Several characterization techniques, including dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron Microscope (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, were employed to analyze the synthesized nanoparticles. Results DLS results indicated the presence of spherical, monodispersed nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 135.4 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.223, while TEM revealed sizes ranging from 14 to 44 nm. FTIR and EDX analyses confirmed the presence of phytochemical capping agents and elemental silver, supporting successful green synthesis. Both biogenic silver nanoparticles and ampicillin-associated G-AgNPs demonstrated antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Escherichia coli, with the ampicillin-associated G-AgNPs exhibiting a partial additive effect. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that G-AgNPs exerted significantly higher toxicity toward the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 compared to non-cancerous breast epithelial cells. Discussion Overall, this work distinguishes itself by integrating detailed physicochemical characterization with both antibacterial and anticancer evaluations, as well as by examining antibiotic-associated G-AgNPs synthesized using G. rigens. These findings support the potential biomedical relevance of G. rigens-derived AgNPs and justify further mechanistic and in vivo investigations. Silver nanoparticle ; Silver nitrate ; Dispersity ; Antibacterial activity ; Phytochemical ; Cytotoxicity ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Nanoparticle Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Natural Compound Pharmacology Studies ; Phytochemistry Medicinal Plant Applications
Authors: І. Б. Івануса | Alina-Mariia Horoshko | Anna Staranchuk | M. M. Mykhalkiv
Source: ScienceRise Pharmaceutical Science (article, 2026-02-28)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Development of two spectrophotometric methods for the determination of bilastine in tablets The aim of the work was to develop two simple, rapid, economically available spectrophotometric methods for the determination of bilastine in tablets based on the reaction with sulfonephthalein dyes (bromphenol blue (BPB) and thymol blue (TB)). Materials and methods. Analytical instrumentation: Shimadzu UV-1800 double beam UV-VIS spectrophotometer (Japan) with attached UV-Probe ver. 2.62 software, RAD WAG AS 200/C precise analytical balance (Poland). Bilastine (purity ≥99% (LC)) was purchased from Ukrainian Scientific Pharmacopoeial Center for Quality of Medicines. Nixar tablets 20 mg were purchased from a local pharmacy. Results and discussion. Two spectrophotometric methods for the determination of bilastine in tablets have been developed. Different sulfophthalein dyes (bromphenol blue, thymol blue, bromocresol green, bromthymol blue, bromocresol purple) have been tested in order to choose the optimal reagent for the method development. The experimental research results led to the selection of BPB and TB as the reagents. Methanol was used as the solvent in reaction of bilastine with BPB, while 20% methanol-ethyl acetate solution was used for TB. The optimal conditions for the quantitative determination of bilastine in tablets by using BPB were established: concentration – 1.08×10-3 mol/L, volume of BPB solution – 1.00 mL, wavelength – 596 nm, reaction time – 5 min, solution temperature – 25°C. The optimal conditions for the quantitative determination of bilastine in tablets by using TB were established: concentration – 4.34×10-4 mol/L, volume of TB solution – 1.00 mL, wavelength – 416 nm, reaction time – 5 min, solution temperature – 25°C. The spectrophotometric method of the quantitative determination of bilastine in tablets by using BPB was linear in the concentration range of 0.5-7.5 μg/mL, LOD – 0.25 μg/mL, LOQ – 0.76 μg/mL; by using TB was linear in the concentration range of 2.00–18.00 μg/mL, LOD – 0.63 μg/mL, LOQ – 1.92 μg/mL. Both methods demonstrated acceptable robustness, accuracy, and precision, meeting all validation criteria. The «greenness» assessment results confirmed that both methods are excellent from a green analytical chemistry perspective. Conclusions. The developed methods can be used as an alternative method for the routine analysis of bilastine in tablets Bromocresol purple ; Reagent ; Solvent ; Spectrophotometry ; Colorimetry ; Bromocresol green ; Thymol Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Sulfur Compounds in Biology ; Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
Authors: Alvaro J. Lizarbe | Samira Jafari | Kristopher S. Wright | GJ Lewis | Jacob Crossman | Michael P. Jones | Jeff Terry | Matthew R. Linford
Source: Surface and Interface Analysis (article, 2026-01-08)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

The x‐ and y‐Symmetrization of XPS Spectra, and the Creation of Models From x‐Symmetrized Spectra for the Visually Impaired ABSTRACT We describe the x‐symmetrization of X ‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra as a possible alternative approach for viewing them. In x‐symmetrization, the counts at each binding energy in a spectrum are symmetrized or centered about the x ‐axis, altering the appearance of the spectrum. X‐symmetrized XPS spectra may accentuate background variations and other spectral features that may be less naturally emphasized in conventionally plotted spectra. They may also help identify when backgrounds have been appropriately placed across XPS narrow scans. An x‐symmetrized spectrum can be rotated about the x ‐axis to create a three‐dimensional depiction of it. 3D printed versions of such spectra may increase the accessibility of XPS spectra for the visually impaired. In y‐symmetrization, an XPS spectrum is symmetrized about the y ‐axis or at another binding energy. A comparison of a background‐subtracted peak to its y‐symmetrized rendition may help identify asymmetry in XPS peaks. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ; Spectral line ; Binding energy ; Asymmetry ; Spectrum (functional analysis) ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques ; Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications ; Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies
Authors: Georgy Ermolaev | Adilet N. Toksumakov | Valeria Maslova | Aleksandr S. Slavich | Anton Minnekhanov | Gleb Tselikov | Nikita Pak | Andrey Vyshnevyy | Aljoscha Söll | Zdeněk Sofer | Aleksey Arsenin | Kostya S. Novoselov | Valentyn Volkov
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (article, 2026-04-06)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Deep-Subwavelength and Broadband Quarter-Wave Retardation in Ultrathin Hyperbolic MoOCl2 The miniaturization of polarization-controlling optical components is one of the central pursuits in nanophotonics. While traditional anisotropic materials require large propagation lengths to achieve the desired phase shifts, metasurfaces mitigate this size constraint but often introduce narrow operational bandwidths and high fabrication complexities. To bridge this gap, we introduce MoOCl2 as a promising material for ultracompact and broadband phase retardation. Building on its giant optical anisotropy, we experimentally demonstrate MoOCl2 quarter-wave plates with thicknesses of 77 nm and 98 nm. These flakes exhibit achromatic quarter-wave retardation across broad visible (445 - 525 nm) and near-infrared (730 - 945 nm) spectral windows, surpassing the fundamental thickness and bandwidth limitations of both conventional optical materials and artificial nanostructures. Moreover, MoOCl2 waveplates demonstrate up to lambda/4500 retardance tolerance at central wavelengths. As a result, this study establishes MoOCl2 as a building block for ultracompact polarization optics. Achromatic lens ; Broadband ; Fabrication ; Bandwidth (computing) ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Miniaturization ; Anisotropy ; Waveplate Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Optical Coatings and Gratings
Authors: Mahak Malviya | S. K. Singh Pandey | Lalit P. Chandravanshi
Source: Asian Journal of Chemistry (article, 2026-03-06)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Development of Eco-friendly Microextraction-TLC Approach for Diphenhydramine Detection in Different Samples Diphenhydramine (DPH) is an antihistamine drug commonly incorporated into pharmaceutical formulations such as cough syrups, antipyretics and anti-allergy medications. It has been a widely abused drug in over-the-counter medicines for day-to-day use without any prescription. Therefore, a new, greener, rapid and cost-effective methodology was developed by integrating vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (VA-DLLME) with TLC coupled to image colorimetry for the detection of diphenhydramine in biological and pharmaceutical samples. Optimisation of DPH was performed by evaluating extraction solvent and its volume (trichloroethylene, 100 µL), disperser solvent and its volume (methanol, 1000 µL), pH (11) and vortex speed and time (2000 rpm, 1 min). The sediment phase obtained from the VA-DLLME method was subjected to TLC-image colorimetry, where ethyl acetate: ammonia solution: methanol (42.5:2.5:5 v/v/v) was used as the mobile phase. The developed TLC plate was photographed under 254 nm UV light and the image was analysed using ImageJ software. Further, validation was performed according to ICH guidelines assessing parameters including the limit of detection (2.08, 1.56, 1.56 µg/spot), the limit of quantification (6.25, 3.12, 5.61 µg/spot), linearity, accuracy, precision (inter-day and intra-day), recovery (119.70%, 141.99%, 172.53%) and enrichment factor (94.74%, 90.64%, 80.47%) for blood, urine and pharmaceutical formulation, respectively. Detection limit ; Solvent ; Antihistamine ; Methanol ; Silica gel ; Diphenhydramine ; Dosage form Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Analytical chemistry methods development ; Biosensors and Analytical Detection
Authors: G. Anbuchezhiyan | A. Vivek Anand | S. Senthil Babu | S. Madhubalan | Vigneshwaran Shanmugam | Rhoda Afriyie Mensah
Source: Frontiers in Chemical Engineering (article, 2026-02-16)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

The influence of nano-biochar on the mechanical and flame resistance of recycled PLA composites The growing accumulation of plastic and agricultural waste highlights the urgent need for sustainable material alternatives. This study investigates the incorporation of nano-biochar derived from cashew nut shell biomass to enhance the mechanical and thermal performance of recycled polylactic acid (rPLA). Nano-biochar produced via controlled pyrolysis and high-energy ball milling was incorporated into rPLA at 0–2 wt% loadings through melt compounding and injection moulding. The resulting composites were evaluated for tensile, flexural, impact, and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), alongside UL-94 flammability testing. A one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD post-hoc analysis confirmed statistically significant improvements (p &amp;lt; 0.05) across all mechanical properties. The tensile strength of virgin PLA (32.23 MPa) decreased to 25.92 MPa in recycled PLA due to polymer chain scission; however, the addition of 1.5 wt% nano-biochar increased tensile strength to 49.54 MPa and ILSS from 21.37 MPa to 36.31 MPa. Flexural and impact strengths also rose by 34.19% and 45.85%, respectively, compared to unfilled rPLA. In UL-94 testing, the rPLA1.5 composite achieved a V-0 rating with no dripping, indicating excellent flame retardancy. Overall, nano-biochar reinforcement not only restored but substantially enhanced the mechanical integrity and fire resistance of rPLA, with ANOVA validating the statistical robustness of these improvements. This work demonstrates a viable circular-economy pathway for converting biomass waste into functional nano-reinforcements for sustainable polymer composites. These composites are particularly suitable for automotive interiors, building materials, and consumer goods where improved flame resistance and mechanical durability are required. Ultimate tensile strength ; Polylactic acid ; Flexural strength ; Compounding ; Composite number ; Izod impact strength test ; Flammability ; Wood-plastic composite Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Flame retardant materials and properties ; Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
Authors: Simona Almášiová | Robert Toman | Martina Pšenková | Vladimir Tancin | Ivona Jančo
Source: Journal of Microbiology Biotechnology and Food Sciences (article, 2026-03-09)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

CONTENT OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN "BRYNDZA" (SLOVAK TRADITIONAL SHEEP CHEESE) FROM SUPERMARKET AND HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF ITS CONSUMPTION This study evaluated the content of 21 chemical elements in traditional Slovak bryndza cheese obtained from two producers and assessed potential health risks related to its consumption. The concentrations of essential and toxic elements were determined by ICP-OES. Significant differences (P &lt; 0.05) were observed between bryndza samples from the two producers. Bryndza obtained from one producer showed significantly higher concentrations of calcium, magnesium, and zinc, while bryndza from the other producer contained significantly higher levels of potassium. From a nutritional perspective, bryndza represents a valuable dietary source of calcium, magnesium, zinc, and selenium due to their relatively high concentrations in the product and its substantial contribution to recommended dietary intakes, particularly at higher consumption levels. The concentrations of cadmium and molybdenum were below detection limits, while aluminium, barium, chromium, lithium, antimony, strontium, and nickel showed minimal toxicological relevance. However, one sample exceeded the EU limit for lead (0.02 mg/kg), and arsenic levels in several samples indicated potential health risks for children consuming 100 g of bryndza. Overall, bryndza is a nutritionally beneficial traditional food, yet regular monitoring of heavy metals remains essential to ensure its safety. Cadmium ; Health risk assessment ; Consumption (sociology) ; Arsenic ; Health risk ; Risk assessment ; Heavy metals ; Tolerable daily intake Heavy Metals in Plants ; Probiotics and Fermented Foods ; Heavy metals in environment