jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Magnus Sethson
Source: Linköping electronic conference proceedings (article, 2021-06-24)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Extremal Optimisation Approach to Component Placement in Blood Analysis Equipment This reports present an initial study on generative mechatronic design of equipment for blood analysis where the samples and chemicals are forwarded in thin single millimeter vessels. The system of vessels in the equipment transfers the fluids to different stations where chemical reactions and studies are performed. One of the stations is an optical inspection that requires controllable lighting conditions using an array of LEDs of different types. The focus is on the generative design of the placement and configuration of the LEDs. The placement of the LEDs has been taken as a studying case for the method of Extremal Optimisation (EO) approach to mechatronic design. This method forms an opposing strategy to methods like genetic algorithms and simulated annealing. This is because it discriminate the individual parts or components of the configuration that underperform in a particular aspect instead of the more classical strategy of favouring good configurations from global measures. The presented study also relates to the class of many-objective optimisation methods (MaOP) and originates from the concept of self-organised criticality (SOC). The characteristics of avalanche barrier crossings in the parameter search space is inherited from such systems. The test case used for the evaluation places occupying circles onto a quarter ring domain representing LEDs and circuit board. The fluid vessels are represented by lit up small domains that are also approximated by a circular disc. Some conclusion upon the methods capability to form a valid solution are made. A framework for describing a set of local flaw-improvement rules, called D2FI is introduced. Mechatronics ; Simulated annealing ; Component (thermodynamics) ; Computer science ; Light-emitting diode ; Criticality ; Set (abstract data type) ; Artificial intelligence ; Engineering ; Algorithm ; Electrical engineering ; Programming language thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses ; Advanced Control Systems Optimization ; Mechatronics Education and Applications
Authors: И.Г. Берёза | Е.И. Шацкова
Source: МОРСКИЕ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ (article, 2021-06-20)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

Determination of the kinetic characteristics of the process adsorption of oil substances from bilge water solution Исследована возможность использования природных минералов в качестве сорбентов для глубокой очистки судовых нефтесодержащих вод. В процессе работы были исследованы следующие природные материалы: шунгит и монтмориллонит. В процессе экспериментальных исследований определены адсорбционные характеристики вышеупомянутых минералов. Установлено, что природные материалы обладают позитивной адсорбционной активностью по отношению к нефтепродуктам, причем степень извлечения нефтепродуктов из раствора льяльных вод увеличивается в ряду - шунгит &lt; монтмориллонит. Также исследован характер массопереноса частицы загрязнения к адсорбенту в конкретных условиях технологического процесса. Полученные кинетические характеристики системы «нефтеводяной раствор – адсорбент» позволили установить внешнедиффузионный механизм массопереноса процесса сорбции. Полученные результаты экспериментальных исследований были использованы при проектированииадсорбционных установок в судовых сепараторах льяльных вод. The possibility of using natural minerals as sorbents for deep purification of oil-containing waters from ships has been investigated. During the work, the following natural materials were investigated: shungite and montmorillonite. In the course of experimental studies, the adsorption characteristics of the aforementioned minerals were determined. It was found that natural materials have a positive adsorption activity in relation to oil products, and the degree of extraction of oil products from the bilge water solution increases in the order - shungite &lt;montmorillonite. The nature of the mass transfer of the pollution particle to the adsorbent was also investigated under specific conditions of the technological process. The obtained kinetic characteristics of the "oil-water solution - adsorbent" system made it possible to establish the external diffusion mechanism of mass transfer of the sorption process. The obtained results of experimental studies were used in the design of adsorption plants in ship's bilge water separators. Adsorption ; Montmorillonite ; Mass transfer ; Sorption ; Chemical engineering ; Extraction (chemistry) ; Diffusion ; Chemistry ; Materials science ; Chromatography ; Organic chemistry ; Thermodynamics Material Properties and Applications
Authors: Vasilii Oskolkov | Igor Varfolomeev | Е. В. Ершов
Source: Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij Priborostroenie (article, 2021-02-11)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

Module for a comprehensive assessment of the drying process of the galvanized strip polymer coating , : , , . , , - , ; ; , " ". , . Galvanization ; Coating ; Process (computing) ; Materials science ; Polymer ; Process engineering ; Forensic engineering ; Environmental science ; Engineering ; Composite material ; Computer science ; Layer (electronics) Material Properties and Applications ; Polymer Science and Applications ; Engineering Technology and Methodologies
Authors: Ángelo Joseph Soto Vergel | Byron Medina Delgado | W Palacios-Alvarado
Source: Journal of Physics Conference Series (article, 2021-05-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Autoregressive modelling of chromatographic signals from urine samples for prostate cancer diagnosis Abstract This article evaluates autoregressive modeling as a feature extraction method in a database of chromatographic signals from urine samples for non-invasive diagnostic support of prostate cancer in response to the research question: Can chromatographic signals from urine be characterized and used as a non-invasive method for cancer diagnosis? For this purpose, a database of 18 patients, 9 diagnosed with prostate cancer and 9 control patients, is consolidated, statistical methods are implemented to generate autoregressive coefficients from the data signals, and finally, the principal component analysis technique is applied for cross-class classification. As a result, a correct classification was obtained in the total number of samples validating the autoregressive modelling as a feature extraction method in contrast to the conventional methodology usually followed in chromatographic signal processing. Autoregressive model ; Principal component analysis ; Prostate cancer ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Feature extraction ; Computer science ; Urine ; Artificial intelligence ; Feature (linguistics) ; Cancer ; Chromatography ; Statistics ; Mathematics ; Chemistry ; Medicine ; Internal medicine Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Fault Detection and Control Systems ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Authors: A Ruksana Banu
Source: International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (article, 2021-06-30)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Colour Detection of Agriculture Products for State Analysis The present market demands recognition of state analysis of an agricultural product automatically rather than conventionally checking the maturity stage and ripeness of an agricultural product which is mundane . In this project we are going to determine the state of an agricultural product using machine learning algorithm with the aid of colour detection. Image processing has been a great help in all kinds of fields which also extended its applicability in agriculture as well . Determining the maturity of an agricultural product at the right time will be very much helpful for the farmers . So by implementing this algorithm the colour as well as the state of the fruit will be determined automatically when we click on the image. Libraries we have used are open CV and Pandas which will help to work with images and the statistical data we are using to convert them into RGB colour models through different functions in the jupyter notebook platform. The two important parts in a project are the prepossessing and the state analysis stages. Firstly, the pre-processing stage determines the colour by calculating the distance to tell how close we are to the actual colour and we will choose the one which has the minimum distance. The second stage is mainly to classify the ripeness and state of an agricultural product. This technique also finds its application in detecting synthetic colours in the edible products . Colour detection is the initial set in any image processing technique. In the future it helps the cashier to determine the quality of the agricultural product effectively and quickly by reducing the effort they put in the traditional method . Ripeness ; Computer science ; Product (mathematics) ; RGB color model ; State (computer science) ; Image processing ; Agriculture ; Artificial intelligence ; Quality (philosophy) ; Maturity (psychological) ; Machine learning ; Image (mathematics) ; Mathematics ; Algorithm ; Geography Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
Authors: Rohit Singhal
Source: International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) (article, 2021-04-05)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Process Validation in the Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry Process validation is a crucial component of the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry, ensuring that a process consistently produces a product meeting its predetermined specifications and quality attributes. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of process validation, exploring its significance, stages, and elements. Additionally, it delves into the current statistical and regulatory perspectives, post-process qualification, and strategies for continued process verification and stability. The paper also outlines qualification strategies, including the assessment of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) and equipment matrices, and emphasizes the importance of a robust risk assessment strategy in process validation. Pharmaceutical industry ; Process validation ; Manufacturing engineering ; Process (computing) ; Pharmaceutical manufacturing ; Manufacturing process ; Business ; Process management ; Computer science ; Process engineering ; Engineering ; Medicine ; Materials science ; New product development ; Marketing ; Pharmacology Crystallization and Solubility Studies ; Safe Handling of Antineoplastic Drugs ; Medical Device Sterilization and Disinfection
Authors: Wei Yu | Olivier Deschaume | Stijn Jooken | Fanglei Guo | Pengfei Zhang | Jolan Wellens | Christ Glorieux | Carmen Bartic
Source:  (article, 2021-01-20)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Real-Time Temperature Detection Via Quantum Dots for Photothermal Cellular Actuation Plasmonic heating finds multiple applications in cell manipulation and stimulation, where heat generated by metal nanoparticles can be used to modify cell adhesion, control membrane currents, and suppress neuronal action potentials among others. Metal nanoparticles can also be easily integrated in artificial extracellular matrices to provide tunable, thermal cueing functionalities with nanometer spatial resolution. In this contribution, we present a platform enabling the combination of plasmonic heating with localized temperature sensing using quantum dots (QDs). Specifically, a functional nanocomposite material was designed with gold nanorods (AuNRs) and QDs incorporated in a cell-permissive hydrogel (e.g., collagen) as well as an optical set-up combining optical heating and temperature imaging, respectively. Specific area stimulation/readout can be realized through structured illumination using digital micromirror device (DMD) projection. Photothermal therapy ; Materials science ; Quantum dot ; Plasmon ; Nanorod ; Optoelectronics ; Nanotechnology ; Nanoparticle ; Digital micromirror device ; Nanocomposite Silk-based biomaterials and applications ; Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties ; Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Arindam Basu
Source: International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies (article, 2021-10-20)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IN TEXTILES AND APPAREL INDUSTRY Product development is key to survival of any industry with change of time. This article discusses about the process of new product development in textile and apparel industry. Major points considered during this process are demand of customers, availability of new raw materials, sustainability, economic validity and responsibiiity towards nature. Engineering of products is a complicated issue here due to natural variability of textile materials, limitations of fibre available and use of old conventional machineries in many cases. Clothing ; Textile ; Textile industry ; New product development ; Product (mathematics) ; Sustainability ; Business ; Process (computing) ; Raw material ; Key (lock) ; Manufacturing engineering ; Commerce ; Engineering ; Computer science ; Marketing Textile materials and evaluations
Authors: Yu Yuan | Sabrina Clusiau | Raynald Gauvin | Christopher K. E. Bleck | Adrian Phoulady | Pouya Tavousi | Sina Shahbazmohamadi | Nicolas Piché | Mike Marsh
Source: Microscopy and Microanalysis (article, 2021-07-30)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Forward modeling of volume electron microscopy (vEM) of stained resin-embedded biological samples An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button. Volume (thermodynamics) ; Materials science ; Electron microscope ; Optics ; Physics ; Thermodynamics Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques ; Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications ; Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
Authors: Anatoly Sorokin | Evgeny Zhvansky | Denis S. Zavorotnyuk | Vsevolod Shurkhay | Denis S. Bormotov | Potapov Aa
Source: F1000Research (preprint, 2021-01-19)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Analysis of ion currents in mass spectrometric profiles using glioblastoma tissue <ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Background:</ns3:bold> The development of direct ambient ionization methods makes way for fast mass-spectrometry profiling of biological samples, which has great potential in medicine. Those methods, unlike traditional mass spectrometric analysis with chromatographic separation, are not able to take into account inter-ion interaction, ion suppression, and matrix effect due to the absence of chromatographic separation of the mixture components. So dynamics of ion current during direct ambient ionization mass-spectra is governed by the component micro-extraction and electrospray ionization influenced by the geometry of the sample, its position, and internal heterogeneity. Despite the progress in mass-spectrometry of biological samples, not much is known about the influence of sample type and structure on its molecular profile peculiarities. </ns3:p> <ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Methods:</ns3:bold> In this work, we propose to use analysis of the correlation between individual ion currents for a better understanding of ion current variability sources and grouping ions of high biological importance. Several fragments of glioblastoma tissue from a single patient are used for these purposes. </ns3:p> <ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Results:</ns3:bold> Ion currents have different dynamics considering different ions in different fragments. The correlation of two selected ion currents could be positive or negative for single fragment measurement. Correlations have persistent or alternating signs in different fragments for two selected ions. The spread of correlations of each pair of ion currents is calculated for evaluation of the signs’ stability. </ns3:p> <ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Conclusions:</ns3:bold> We were able to group ions according to the primary reason for their variabilities such as micro-extraction, mass-spectrometry measurement, or specimens' properties. Such grouping would allow the development of more reliable and reproducible methods of mass-spectrometry data analysis and improve the accuracy of results of its application in medicine. </ns3:p> Mass spectrometry ; Ion ; Electrospray ionization ; Chemistry ; Ionization ; Mass spectrum ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Authors: Sonia Chaudhary
Source: International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (article, 2021-07-15)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

An Approach for Detecting Fruit Quality with RBF-SVM Classification Model For the regular development of rural area especially for the agriculture domain, automation is very important. Currently fruit's quality plays an important factor in their sales and production. Detecting the quality of fruits by using manual methods are not recommended because of the reasons that it cause delay and the results are also not upto the mark. Therefore, machine learning and computer vision is gaining much interest from current researchers to develop fruit quality detection systems. This paper contributes to provide an effective and advanced Orange fruit quality detection system. the proposed scheme is focused on giving an Fuzzy C-Mean based region of interest extracting scheme along with RBF-SVM classification model to improve the classification rate in comparison to existing approaches. The proposed scheme is simulated in MATLAB software and results are evaluated in terms of various performance factors such as Accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, Precision, Recall and F-Score. Finally a comparison of the proposed scheme is given that show an improvement of approximately 18% with respect to various state of art techniques. this strengthen the recommendation of proposed scheme for future fruit quality analysis system. Computer science ; Support vector machine ; Scheme (mathematics) ; Artificial intelligence ; Machine learning ; MATLAB ; Fuzzy logic ; Orange (colour) ; Data mining ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Mathematics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Smart Agriculture and AI
Authors: Yağmur Pirinçci Tok | Sevgi Güngör | Yıldız Erginer
Source: Sağlık Bilimlerinde İleri Araştırmalar Dergisi / Journal of Advanced Research in Health Sciences (article, 2021-10-20)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

NANOKRISTAL TEKNOLOJISI: ÇÖZÜNÜRLÜĞÜ DÜŞÜK İLAÇLARIN ORAL BIYOYARARLANIMIN ARTIRILMASI Nanokristal teknolojisi partikül boyutu 1000 nanometre (nm)’nin altında, herhangi bir taşıyıcı sisteme ihtiyaç duymadan katı ilaç partikülerinin üretilmesini sağlar. Sudaki çözünürlüğü düşük ilaçların partiküllerinin boyutunun küçültülmesi ile, yüzey alanlarının artması ve difüzyon tabakasının kalınlığının azaltılması k çözünürlük hızının da artışına yol açar. Buna bağlı olarak, absorpsiyon bölgesinde artan konsantrasyon gradienti bağırsak lümeni ve kan arasındaki pasif difüzyon yoluyla permeasyonu ve emilimi teşvik etmektedir. Dolayısıyla Biyofarmasötik Sınıflandırma Sistemi (BCS) Sınıf II ve IV’e ait ilaç molekülleri için nanokristal teknolojisi yaklaşımını kullanarak biyoyararlanımlarını geliştirmek ve/veya arttırmak oldukça önemlidir. Nanometre boyutunda ilaç partikülü elde edebilmek için yukarıdan aşağıya (top-down) ve aşağıdan yukarıya (bottom-up) yöntemlerinden yararlanılmaktadır. İlaç endüstrisinde uygulama kolaylığı, tekrar edilebilirliği ve ölçeklendirilebilmesi nedeniyle bilyeli değirmende yaş öğütme (BWM) ve yüksek basınçlı homojenizasyon (HPH) olarak alt bölümlere ayrılan yukarıdan aşağıya yöntemleri tercih edilmektedir. Nanokristal teknolojisi ile ilaç endüstrisinde hâlihazırda tedavide onaylanmış olan ilaç moleküllerinin daha az yan etki, daha düşük dozlar ve daha hızlı etki başlangıcı sağlayarak yeni dozaj formlarının geliştirilmesi ve yeni ilaç moleküllerinin daha iyi bir biyoyararlanımla formüle edilebilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Physics ; Gynecology ; Medicine Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants
Authors: Іван Костюков | Євген Москвітін
Source: The Scientific Issues of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University Series pedagogy (article, 2021-05-28)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Зменшення впливу паразитної індуктивности досліджуваного об’єкта контролю на точність вимірювання його електричної ємності This paper gives a description of measurement technique which can be used in practice of carrying out estimation of electrical capacitance of tested object with substantial stray inductance. Electrical capacitance is determined as a ratio of mean value of discharge current to the mean value of time derivative, taken from voltage on unknown capacitance. The decreasing of deleterious impact of stray inductance on accuracy of measurements is achieved by proper selection of the duration of analyzed signals. In proposed technique the duration is limited by instants of time that correspond to the maximum value of discharge current and to the termination of transient. The accuracy of described method for electrical capacitance estimation is affected by noisy components of obtained oscillograms. This deleterious impact can be alleviated by smoothing of time dependence by applying of least square method. Another reason for lost of accuracy is associated with possible influence of skin-effect in conductive elements of discharge circuit, which can cause time dependence of resistance and inner inductance of&nbsp; conductive parts of tested object and discharge circuit. Described technique, however, is based on taking into consideration independent on time parameters of equivalent lamped discharge circuit. Nevertheless, the example of practical implementation has shown that described approach allows to partially mitigate the influence of stray inductance on carried out measurements of electrical capacitance, as the value of relative error turned out to be equal to 2.04% Inductance ; Capacitance ; Electrical conductor ; Smoothing ; Voltage ; Electrical network ; Control theory (sociology) ; Current (fluid) High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Advanced Battery Technologies Research ; Power Quality and Harmonics