jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Nezahat Turfan
Source: DergiPark (Istanbul University) (article, 2022-10-06)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Measurement of Macronutrients and Heavy Metal Concentrations in Certain Tree Species Exposed to Pollution in Karabük Anthropogenic pollution may have different forms and it can also affect air, water, soil, and plants. However, trees having significant bioaccumulative properties can decrease the air pollution. Measuring their capacity to accumulate macro elements and micro elements, the present study examined the tolerance of Acer, Aesculus, Cupressus, Fraxinus, Pinus, Platanus, Populus, and Robinia to air pollution in the Karabük province. Given the results observed in the present study, depending on the concentrations of tree leaves collected from polluted and control areas, the order of macro elements was determined as Ca, K, S, Mg, and P, while the order of heavy metals was measured as Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ba, Pb, Br, Ni, Cu, and Co. Also, Mg, K, and S levels were generally higher in polluted trees, whereas Ca and P concentrations were higher in the control trees. The levels of trace elements and heavy metals were generally found to be higher in polluted trees. Considering all these data, it was found that Cupressus, Platanus, and Robinia yielded the highest levels in terms of the parameters examined here, while Fraxinus and Pinus species had the lowest ones. It can be stated that these tree species are useful in industrial areas having high pollution levels. Pollution ; Environmental chemistry ; Environmental science ; Heavy metals ; Metal ; Tree (set theory) ; Chemistry ; Mathematics ; Biology ; Ecology ; Combinatorics Heavy Metals in Plants ; Nuts composition and effects
Authors: Manoel Pereira de Andrade Filho | Yago Fraga Ferreira Brandão | Bruno Maciel do Nascimento | Rita de Cássia F. Soares da Silva | Gleice Paula de Araújo | Leonardo Bandeira dos Santos | Leonildo Pereira Pedrosa | Leonie Asfora Sarubbo | Mohand Benachour | Valdemir Alexandre dos Santos
Source: Research Society and Development (review, 2022-09-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Predictive models in the ultrasonic disinfection of hospital-effluents: a review and suggestion for future research At the end of this review on applications of ultrasonic waves in the inactivation of microorganisms in hospital laundry effluents, the fourth type of predictive model is proposed, based on the application characteristics of the experimental plans. The number of works for the disinfection of wastewater by ultrasound waves (US) associated with other techniques or individuals has been increasing. The use of ultrasound to produce lethal effects on microorganisms is attractive because it is considered a "green" technology in that it involves sound energy and does not require additional chemicals, or a very small amount. Also, the US as a tool for water reuse processes - operates at low pressure and temperature and does not produce toxic or greenhouse gases. Hospital laundry effluents are characterized by different microorganisms, a fact that can hinder the application of conventional physical-chemical technologies. To contribute to future developments in the application of ultrasound (US), this work uses some typical US applications in the disinfection of aqueous effluents. To propose strategies for carrying out new works, comments are made regarding an approach oriented towards new advances based on the need to interrelate the variables involved in the studies, at the same time that these variables are correlated with the rate of inactivation. For this, it is discussed the predictive models and their contributions, according to the number of factors that should be involved for a better understanding of the rate of microbial inactivation. Laundry ; Effluent ; Reuse ; Environmental science ; Ultrasonic sensor ; Process engineering ; Wastewater ; Sewage treatment ; Wastewater reuse ; Computer science ; Biochemical engineering ; Waste management ; Environmental engineering ; Engineering ; Acoustics ; Physics Ultrasound and Cavitation Phenomena
Authors: Guillem Martinez | Maya Aghaei | Martin Dijkstra | Bhalaji Nagarajan | Femke Jaarsma | Jaap van de Loosdrecht | Petia Radeva | Klaas Dijkstra
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2022-03-23)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Hyper-Spectral Imaging for Overlapping Plastic Flakes Segmentation Given the hyper-spectral imaging unique potentials in grasping the polymer characteristics of different materials, it is commonly used in sorting procedures. In a practical plastic sorting scenario, multiple plastic flakes may overlap which depending on their characteristics, the overlap can be reflected in their spectral signature. In this work, we use hyper-spectral imaging for the segmentation of three types of plastic flakes and their possible overlapping combinations. We propose an intuitive and simple multi-label encoding approach, bitfield encoding, to account for the overlapping regions. With our experiments, we show that the bitfield encoding improves over the baseline single-label approach and we further demonstrate its potential in predicting multiple labels for overlapping classes even when the model is only trained with non-overlapping classes. Sorting ; Segmentation ; Encoding (memory) ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Spectral imaging ; Simple (philosophy) ; Computer vision ; Algorithm ; Physics ; Optics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
Authors: Savaş Evran | Yasin Yılmaz
Source: DergiPark (Istanbul University) (article, 2022-05-16)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Tabakalı kompozit plakaların modal analizi üzerinde tabakaların fiber tipi ve sayısının etkisi Bu çalışmanın amacı, sonlu elemanlar ve Taguchi yöntemleri kullanılarak tabakalı kompozit plakalarınmodal analizinde fiber tipi ve katman sayısının etkilerini incelemektir. Modal analiz, fiber türleri ve katmansayısı gibi iki kontrol faktörüne sahip L9 ortogonal diziye uygun olarak sonlu elemanlar yazılımı ANSYS ilegerçekleştirilmiştir. Sinyal-Gürültü oranı analizi kullanılarak optimum lif türleri ve katman sayısı belirlenirkenkontrol faktörlerin önem seviyeleri ve yüzde etkileri %95 güven düzeyinde varyans analizi kullanılarakgerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre, maksimum serbest titreşim değeri üçkatmanlı bor lifi takviyeli tabakalı kompozit plakalar kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu çalışmadan elde edilensayısal ve istatistiksel sonuçlar, tabakalı kompozit plakalar için uygun fiber tiplerini ve katman sayısınıseçmek için faydalı olabilir. Physics Textile materials and evaluations
Authors: Reinaldo Corrêa Leite
Source:  (preprint, 2022-05-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Assessment of Leakage Current on Polymeric Insulator Using Finite Element Analysis &lt;p&gt;This paper develops a Finite Element Model (FEM) for a 138 kV High Temperature Vulcanized (HTV) Silicone Rubber (SiR) transmission insulator in which, in a first step, leakage current is calculated for different non-uniform continuous and discontinuous pollution deposits and then features based on the phase shift between the leakage current and the applied voltage are extracted for each kind of pollution layer to identify the existence of dry bands on the insulator surface. A phase shift of 84.75° lag between the leakage current and applied voltage was found for a pollution layer with dry bands inserted. This results evidence that the phase angle can be used to detect the dry band formation by measuring the leakage current and its phase angle.&lt;/p&gt; Silicone rubber ; Insulator (electricity) ; Materials science ; Finite element method ; Voltage ; Leakage (economics) ; Composite material ; Electrical engineering ; Structural engineering ; Engineering High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation ; Electrical Fault Detection and Protection
Authors: Dalibor NOVÁK | Lenka Řeháčková | Vlastimil Novák | Silvie ROSYPALOVÁ | Dalibor MATÝSEK | Monika KAWULOKOVÁ | Simona Zlá | Aneta SMÝKALOVÁ | Bedřich Smetana | Ľubomíra DROZDOVÁ
Source: Metal ... (article, 2022-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF VISCOSITY AND SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY OF IRON OXIDE fluids FOR HEAT TRANSFER APPLICATIONS Modifying liquids with nanoparticles is widely recognized as a practical approach for improving their heat transfer characteristics without significantly increasing viscosity. This work examines the effect of adding hematite and acid-leached blast furnace sludge particles on the rheological and thermal properties of deionized water. The investigated fluids were prepared by dispersing a certain amount of hematite and leached blast furnace sludge particles in distilled water using a sonicator. The modifier content in the liquid varied up to 5 wt%. Pristine iron oxides with particle sizes of approximately 5 micrometers and 50 nanometers were used as model systems. Leached sludge particles were deagglomerated for an extended period prior to measurement. The rheological behavior of the fluids was studied using an FRS 1600 furnace rheometer system designed for viscosity measurement from 1 mPas, and the specific heat capacity of hematite and leached blast furnace sludge was obtained by SENSYS EVO TG-DSC calorimeter equipped with 3D-sensor technology. Furthermore, the characterization of the prepared liquids was also supported by the results of SEM analysis. The results of this study provide the foundation for the use of leached blast furnace sludge as a potential heat transfer fluid. Hematite ; Rheology ; Materials science ; Viscosity ; Heat transfer ; Chemical engineering ; Distilled water ; Iron oxide ; Blast furnace ; Rheometer ; Nanoparticle ; Particle (ecology) ; Metallurgy ; Composite material ; Chemistry ; Chromatography ; Nanotechnology ; Thermodynamics Thermal and Kinetic Analysis ; Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer ; Environmental and Industrial Safety
Authors: Xiaoming Yang
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2022-05-20)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Development and Application of Information Resources for Education and Teaching of Yarn History Based on 5G Network Technology Abstract Yarn education is a crucial step in producing high-quality textile end products. Online yarn testing can reduce latency in necessary process control by providing rapid insights into yarn quality, leading to the production of superior quality yarns. This paper proposes the development and application of information resources for the education and teaching of yarn history based on fifth-generation (5G) network technologies. Initially, the yarn database is preprocessed using Grayscale transformation and image filtering methods. Secondly, yarn segmentation is implemented using a Multi-resolution Markov Random Field (MRMRF) model. The statistical and relative features are extracted using Fourier transform and two-scale attention model respectively. We propose Improved Support Vector Machine (ISVM) classification for classifying the yarn images. The 5G network is initialized and Transmission Control Protocol is used for data transfer. To enhance the performance we propose an Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) algorithm. The performance of the suggested methodology is analyzed and compared with existing methodologies using the MATLAB simulation tool. The classification performance of the proposed algorithm indicates that the 5G framework might provide an accurate, fast, reliable, and cost-effective solution to industrial automation. Yarn ; Computer science ; MATLAB ; Scalability ; Artificial intelligence ; Data mining ; Engineering ; Database Textile materials and evaluations ; Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection
Authors: Arzu Özgen | Nihan Ünlü
Source: DergiPark (Istanbul University) (article, 2022-08-16)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Moleküler Kenetleme (Docking) Yöntemi ile Bakteriyel Bir Sinyal Kompleksi ve Peonidin Molekülü Etkileşiminin İncelenmesi Gram-negatif bakterilerinden olan Pseudomonas aeruginosa, özellikle bağışıklık sistemi baskılanmış hastalarda önemli bir enfeksiyon sebebidir. Biyofilm oluşturma özelliği olan P. aeruginosa bu özelliği sebebi ile çoklu antibiyotik direncine sahiptir ve eredikasyonu güçtür. Üçlü bir sinyal dizisi olan YFiBRN, periplazmada alınan sinyallere cevap olarak yüzey adaptasyonu, biyofilm oluşumu gibi hücresel süreçlerde etkili olan c-di-GMP seviyelerini modüle eder. Antosiyaninler grubunda bulunan peonidin ise antibakteriyel özelliğe sahiptir. Bu çalışmada moleküler kenetleme (docking) metodu kullanılarak YFiR-YFiB (59-168) ile peonidin arasındaki etkileşim araştırılmıştır. Physics Various Chemistry Research Topics
Authors: Minjie Chen
Source:  (preprint, 2022-10-21)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Why MagNet: Quantifying the Complexity of Modeling Power Magnetic Material Characteristics &lt;p&gt;This paper motivates the development of sophisti- cated data-driven models for power magnetic material charac- teristics. Core losses and hysteresis loops are critical information in the design process of power magnetics, yet the physics behind them is not fully understood. Both losses and hysteresis loops change for each magnetic material, are highly nonlinear, and depend heavily on the electrical operating conditions (e.g., wave- form, frequency, amplitude, dc bias), the mechanical properties (e.g. pressure, vibration), as well as temperature and geometry of the magnetic components. Understanding the complexity of these factors is important for the development of accurate models and their applicability and limitations. Existing studies on power magnetics are usually developed based on a small amount of data and do not reveal the full magnetic behavior across a wide range of operating conditions. In this paper, based on a recently developed large-scale open-source database – &lt;em&gt;MagNet &lt;/em&gt;– the core losses and hysteresis loops of Mn-Zn ferrites are analyzed over a wide range of amplitudes, frequencies, waveform shapes, dc bias levels, and temperatures, to quantify the complexity of modeling magnetic core losses, amplitude permeability, and hysteresis loops and provide guidelines for modeling power magnetics with data- driven methods. &lt;/p&gt; Magnet ; Amplitude ; Hysteresis ; Magnetic hysteresis ; Magnetic core ; Vibration ; Waveform ; Power (physics) ; Materials science ; Core (optical fiber) ; Nonlinear system ; Magnetic field ; Acoustics ; Mechanics ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Mechanical engineering ; Condensed matter physics ; Electrical engineering ; Physics ; Voltage ; Magnetization ; Engineering ; Thermodynamics ; Optics ; Electromagnetic coil Magnetic Properties and Applications ; Electric Motor Design and Analysis ; Magnetic properties of thin films
Authors: Tatiana Ďurčeková | Jan Mocák | J. Lehotay | J Čiẑmárik
Source: Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica (article, 2022-01-13)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Study of anaesthetical activity of alkoxyphenylcarbamic acid esters using statistical methods Anaesthetical activity of 113 morpholinoethyl-, piperidinoethyl-, piperidinopropyl- and azepanoethyl- ester derivatives of alkoxyphenylcarbamic acid was characterized by several chemometrical techniques. The surface anaesthetical activity, A, and the infiltration anaesthetical activity, B, were correlated to lipophilicity, (expressed by the logarithm of the HPLC retention factor, log k), the length of the side alkoxy chain (represented by the number n of carbon atoms), molar mass M as well as the ester type. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used for predicting both types of the anaesthetic activity of the alkoxyphenylcarbamic acid esters. Chemistry ; Lipophilicity ; Alkoxy group ; Molar mass ; Chromatography ; Principal component analysis ; Partition coefficient ; Organic chemistry ; Alkyl ; Polymer Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Computational Drug Discovery Methods
Authors: Asaad Shemshadi | Pourya Khorampour
Source: IJEEC - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTING (article, 2022-10-10)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

The Hazard of Electric Field Increment in the Damaged Silicon-Rubber and Porcelain Insulators In power transmission lines, it is necessary to isolate the inherent voltage parts from each other and from zero potential. An insulator is defined as having a high degree of electrical insulation between the conductors and the brackets. Insulators also allow for mechanical conductivity of the conductor and ground. The presence of a broken insulator can alter the stress distribution. In this paper, the effect of mechanical insulation cracking (chattering) on electric field in two common types of insulators (porcelain and silicone rubber) and electric potential distribution models are analyzed. First, the electric field and electric potential patterns in the solid insulator are examined. In the following, the insulator is assumed to be broken, and the electric field and electric potential patterns for a broken insulator relative to the basic insulator shape are illustrated and compared. The results show that the presence of insulation cracking under dry and environmentally benign conditions affects the stress distribution pattern within and around the insulator. Finally, a comparison between the effect of fracture on the electric field and the potential distribution patterns in different parts of the insulator is discussed in detail. Insulator (electricity) ; Electric field ; Silicone rubber ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Cracking ; Electric power transmission ; Electrical conductor ; Voltage ; Conductor ; Dielectric ; High voltage ; Electrical engineering ; Optoelectronics ; Physics ; Engineering High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena ; Electrical Fault Detection and Protection
Authors: Dharmendra Khatri | Valencia Fernandes | Shashi Singh | Erin Calipari | Warda Ainuddin | Maha Shahid | Uzair Nisar | Farzana Shaheen | Muhammad Choudhary | Atta -Ur-Rahman | Iqra Mukhtar | Shabana Simjee | Lidia Babiec | Anna Wilkaniec | Agata Adamczyk | Tena ade | Antonio Zandona | Maja Katalini | Zrinka Kovarilk | Charoula Peta | Stefanos Gonatas | Dimitra Mangoura | Dalavaikodihalli Nandakumar | Gejo Nanjaiah | Gangadharan | Rachel Hendrix | Woodrow Gardiner | Carla Yuede | John Cirrito
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry (article, 2022-08-01)
Field: Chemistry — Electrochemistry

Poster Sessions Monday/Tuesday Chronic phase of type 2 diabetic conditions have been associated with certain cerebral complications, which we term "diabetic encephalopathy," which includes neurobehavioral dysfunctional patterns and morphological alterations of neurons, especially within the hippocampus. Epigenetic alterations in the brain are well known to affect age-associated disorders, however, its association with the evolving diabetes-induced damage in the brain is still not fully understood. DNA hypermethylation within the neurons tends to silence the gene expression of several regulatory proteins. Molecular chaperones and synaptic proteins are important functional regulators for maintaining the synaptic transmission in the hippocampus. The findings in the study have shown an increase in global DNA methylation within the HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mice brain. Inhibiting DNA methylation, restored the levels of hsf1, the master regulator for molecular chaperones as well as an integral protein for maintaining synaptic fidelity, and also the chaperones hsp40, 60, and 70 in the hippocampus of the diabetic mice. Rescue in synaptic proteins PSD95 and synaptophysin, important for synaptic transmission, further confirmed positive reinforcements. Astrocyte activation (GFAP) was further significantly decreased in the 5-azadeoxycytidine group (DNMT inhibitor), suggesting an attempt in restoring neuroinflammation, further evidenced by the decrease in proinflammatory cytokines TNF, IL-6, and mediators iNOS and phospho-NFk. Our results suggest that changes in DNA methylation advocate epigenetic dysregulation and its involvement in disrupting the synaptic exactitude in the hippocampus of diabetic mice model, providing an insight into the pathophysiology of diabetic encephalopathy. MTU01-02 | Histone acetyltransferase KAT2A is a critical epigenetic regulator of cocaine responses in the nucleus accumbens Psychology Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
Authors: D.A. ISMAILOVA | Aibek Abdukarimov | D.N. DELIKESHEVA | B.I. MOMBEKOV | A.A. ISMAILOV
Source: Neft i gaz (article, 2022-08-15)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

EVALUATION OF MELTING PROPERTIES FOR PARAFFIN PREDICTION IN THE MULTI SOLID SOLUTION (MSS) MODEL This article presents the calculation and modification of melting properties for a certain Kazakh oil for the subsequent calculation of the Multisolid model. The bulk of crude oil in Kazakhstan contains heavy hydrocarbons that precipitate as a solid paraffin phase at low temperatures. The deposition of deposited paraffin on the pipe walls is one of the complex flow assurance problems that causes a decrease and complete blockage of oil rates due to a decrease in the flow cross-sectional area in pipelines. In addition, above ground facilities require higher power consumption and equipment failure due to paraffin plugs. Wax precipitation also increases the viscosity of the oil mixture, resulting in an increase in the energy requirement for transporting the crude oil. The main purpose of this study is to investigate melting properties and their influence on predictive wax deposition. The solution of the set goal is achieved by solving the problems of modifying and adapting existing thermodynamic models for Kazakhstani oils. At the moment, one of the main limitations of existing models is their applicability to a wide range of crude oil types. While this modified paraffin forecasting model will focus on Kazakh crude oil. As a result, modified equations have been developed to determine melting properties, namely melting point, pour point and enthalpy. The obtained results of the absolute average deviation showed the effectiveness of using the proposed correlation for measuring the pour point and melting point for Kazakhstani oils. Flow assurance ; Paraffin wax ; Wax ; Melting point ; Pour point ; Materials science ; Pipeline transport ; Precipitation ; Deposition (geology) ; Thermodynamics ; Viscosity ; Petroleum engineering ; Enthalpy ; Process engineering ; Environmental science ; Chemistry ; Composite material ; Geology ; Organic chemistry ; Environmental engineering Petroleum Processing and Analysis ; Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics ; Process Optimization and Integration