jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Kaili Sun | Haoye Qin | Mengqi Liu | Feng Chen | Yangjian Cai | Pinghui Wu | Cheng-Wei Qiu | Zhanghua Han
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2026-03-18)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Helicity-selective and spectrally tunable chiral thermal emissions Integrating nonlocal metasurfaces with thermal photonics has endowed thermal emissions with temporal and spatial coherence, as well as chirality. However, the static response of current thermal emitters hinders their broader applications, especially in high-precision sensing. Here, we present an anisotropic thermal metasurface that harnesses exclusively elevated temperatures inherent in thermal photonics to achieve helicity-switchable and wavelength-tunable circularly polarized coherent thermal emissions in the mid-infrared. Through a meticulous design to achieve a pair of high-Q quasi-guided mode resonances with opposite chirality and significant emission circular dichroism, we experimentally demonstrate helicity-switchable circularly polarized thermal emissions with high temporal coherence (Q > 150) and strong emission circular dichroism (>0.8) over a ~ 100 nm wavelength range through a temperature change of 250 K. We further reveal that simple geometric design enables full polarization tailoring. Our platform offers a compact and scalable pathway toward on-chip applications including circular dichroism spectroscopy for enantiomer identification. Circular dichroism ; Thermal ; Photonics ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Circular polarization ; Anisotropy ; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy) ; Chirality (physics) ; Spectroscopy Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research
Authors: Meijiao Men | Zunyi Deng | Zijing Zhao | Lingchen Liu | Yuanyuan Cui | Shuaizhao Jin | Yiyang Xie | Xingan Jiang | Wuyang Ren | Jiawang Hong | Jiang Wu | Sang-Wook Cheong | Pengying Chang | Lili Wang | Xueyun Wang | Xiaolei Wang
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2026-01-28)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Polarization-modulated programmable photovoltaic performance of a designed ferroelectric heterojunction Conventional photovoltaic devices based on PN or Schottky junctions are inherently constrained by the material band gap, resulting in limited photoelectric conversion efficiency. The van der Waals ferroelectric material CuInP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub> offers strong potential for efficient photocurrent generation via bulk photovoltaic effect, while heterostructure engineering provides additional degrees of freedom for performance modulation. Yet, the specificity in asymmetric CuInP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub> heterojunctions remains poorly understood. Here, we design and fabricate an asymmetric photovoltaic device, consisting of Pt/CuInP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub>/Graphene heterostructure. The ferroelectric photovoltaic effect couples with the Cu<sup>+</sup> migration dynamics, which could be manipulated by asymmetric interface barriers. Remarkably, the photovoltaic current is increased by 10 times and exhibits a positive-negative switching through polarization modulation. The heterojunction device achieves on-demand photovoltaic programming for in-sensor computing tasks, including edge detection with recognition rate F-score ~ 1 and binary pattern classification with 100% accuracy, which provides new insights for next-generation visual technology. Heterojunction ; Photovoltaic system ; Photocurrent ; Ferroelectricity ; Anomalous photovoltaic effect ; Schottky barrier 2D Materials and Applications ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials ; Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices
Authors: N. A. IBRAHIM
Source: INHEALTH INDONESIAN HEALTH JOURNAL (article, 2026-02-10)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Coconut and Its Derivatives: Sustainable Solutions for Health, Industry, and the Environment Coconut oil is an extract derived from coconut phytochemicals and is widely used for energy production and various industrial applications. It contains a high level of nutrients and bioactive compounds that contribute to its value in health and medical care, particularly due to its cleansing and therapeutic properties. When processed from the coconut husk, the biocompound can be utilized as a fuel source, generating heat through controlled combustion. The physical structure of the husk, typically spherical or oblong, allows for efficient use in water-based and shell-supported applications. In addition to its functional uses, coconut products provide significant economic value, as they are appreciated for both their commercial potential and their role in reducing exposure to carcinogens and other harmful substances. Consequently, coconut oil and its derivatives are considered beneficial resources for industrial, medical, and environmental applications. Coconut oil ; Production (economics) ; Sustainable production ; Raw material ; Edible oil ; Nutrient ; Energy source Coconut Research and Applications ; Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds ; Date Palm Research Studies
Authors: M OKADA | W. Zhu | Yoshifumi Amamoto | Jun Kikuchi
Source: ChemRxiv (article, 2026-01-14)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Framework of Copolymer gel Dynamics and Ligand Interaction Factors, Objective-free exploration, and CVT-MAPElites Discovery-oriented research is a fundamental pursuit in chemical and materials science, especially when objective-free or purpose-ambiguous exploration can yield unexpected novel compounds or materials. Recently, data-driven objective-free exploration methods have emerged to support such discovery in materials science. However, these methods have mostly been limited to relatively simple systems (e.g., chemical composition), and extending them to real-world multiscale, multi-component materials like soft matter remains a critical challenge. In this study, we present a novel framework for objective-free exploration of a complex gel–ligand interaction system that integrates multiscale data. We embed monomer physicochemical information using four different large-language models (LLMs), and combine these embeddings with polymer dynamics descriptors obtained via time-domain NMR measurements. Using this combined representation, we perform novelty-driven search with BLOX (BoundLess Objective-free eXploration) and utilize CVT-MAP-Elites to map candidates in an interpretable behavioral characteristic space. Unlike conventional molecular descriptors, the LLM-based embedding supports a much broader and richer exploration of gel-ligand interaction space evaluated by 13C NMR signal intensities. The results demonstrate that our framework uncovers a wider diversity of candidate materials than descriptor-based approaches, thereby establishing a new pathway for discovery-oriented design of functional materials that integrates multiscale and multi-feature information. Embedding ; Molecular dynamics ; Monomer ; Polymer ; Copolymer ; Yield (engineering) ; Space (punctuation) ; Chemical space Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Block Copolymer Self-Assembly ; Molecular spectroscopy and chirality
Authors: MEHMET ŞAHBAZ | Sinan Nalkıran
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2026-02-28)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Microstructural refinement and mechanical property enhancement of AZ91 magnesium alloy via room-temperature multi-directional forging This study investigates the microstructural transformation and mechanical behavior of an AZ91 magnesium alloy processed via multi-directional forging (MDF) at room temperature. The alloy was subjected to nine forging passes (three cycles) under low-stress conditions, with each pass inducing an 8% deformation. The microstructural transformations were characterized using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Experimental results demonstrate that while the annealing increased the crystallite size from 44.2 nm to 59.4 nm due to coalescence, the subsequent MDF process effectively refined the crystallite size down to 34.8 nm. This refinement, coupled with increased dislocation density and the formation of new grain boundaries, led to a substantial enhancement in mechanical performance. Mechanical testing revealed a 22.48% increase in Vickers hardness (from 72.73 HV to 89.08 HV) and a 47.87% improvement in compressive strength (from 188.37 MPa to 279.18 MPa). The grain refinement and hardening behavior are shown to be consistent with the Hall-Petch relationship. Furthermore, EDS analysis confirmed a homogeneous elemental distribution and the presence of secondary phase precipitates (Al, Si, and Mn). These findings suggest that room-temperature MDF is a cost-effective and practical severe plastic deformation (SPD) route for producing high-performance AZ91 alloys with superior strength and toughness, suitable for aerospace, automotive, and defense applications. Forging ; Crystallite ; Magnesium alloy ; Microstructure ; Optical microscope ; Alloy ; Grain size ; Scanning electron microscope ; Annealing (glass) ; Vickers hardness test Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications ; Microstructure and mechanical properties ; Metallurgy and Material Forming
Authors: Nhi Van Phan | Jeremy Lee Thomas | Aiden Pasinsky | Zoe Meadows | Ting Ting Li | Augustus Adams | Yike Zhu | Anna Edgcomb | Yi Shi | Sihan Lyu | Timothy Dunn | Tatiana Segura
Source: Journal of Materials Chemistry B (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Co-delivery of synaptogenic and angiogenic nanoparticles in MAP scaffolds enhances post-stroke synapse formation Ischemic stroke remains one of the leading causes of long-term disability worldwide, depriving patients of their quality of life and physical independence. The root cause of this loss of motor movement stems from the disruption of neuronal connections in the infarct site. Limited spontaneous neural re-wiring post-stroke does provide limited functional recovery, but more than two thirds of ischemic stroke patients suffer from long-term disability for the remainder of their lives. Here, we explore the co-delivery of synaptogenic proteins with an angiogenic biomaterial to promote synapse formation in a mouse model of ischemic stroke. The angiogenic biomaterial is based on microporous annealed particle (MAP) scaffolds containing previously reported pro-angiogenic clustered vascular endothelial growth factor (CLUVENA) heparin nanoparticles. To this material, pro-synaptogenic protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) was added either in soluble or clustered nanoparticle form. Co-delivery of TSP-1 with CLUVENA within MAP scaffolds led to enhanced synapse formation in and around the infarct, despite a reduction in axonal sprouting when compared to CLUVENA delivery alone. TSP-1 treatment also resulted in increased glial scar thickness and astrocytic coverage in the peri-infarct region, potentially contributing to limited axonal integration. Overall, these findings highlight the capacity of TSP-1 to modulate the synaptic and glial landscape post-stroke. Synapse ; Synapse formation ; Regeneration (biology) ; Biomaterial ; Sprouting ; Microporous material ; Stroke (engine) ; Extracellular matrix Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms ; Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Authors: Davide Benedetto Tiz | Marco D’Alì | Nunzio Iraci | Claudio Santi | Luca Sancineto
Source: Biomolecules (article, 2026-03-03)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Halogen-Containing Drugs in 2025: A Record Year for the Therapeutic Use and Synthesis of FDA-Approved Small Molecules Halogens, particularly fluorine, chlorine, and bromine, play a pivotal role in modern drug discovery and development. Their incorporation into drug molecules significantly influences physicochemical properties, including lipophilicity, metabolic stability, and target binding affinity. Fluorine, the most commonly used halogen, enhances bioavailability and receptor interactions, as seen in several blockbuster drugs. Chlorine and bromine contribute to hydrophobic interactions and modulate pharmacokinetics, while iodine is less frequently utilized due to its larger atomic size and reactivity. The strategic placement of halogens in drug scaffolds has led to the success of numerous FDA-approved pharmaceuticals across therapeutic areas, including oncology, infectious diseases, and central nervous system disorders. This review explores the structure-activity relationships (SAR) of halogen-containing drugs, highlighting recent approvals (2025), their synthesis (with yields, when available), therapeutic use, and, when experimentally available, the interaction with their biological target macromolecules. Small molecule ; Drug ; Drug discovery ; Bioavailability ; Drug development ; Bromine Crystallography and molecular interactions ; Fluorine in Organic Chemistry ; Vanadium and Halogenation Chemistry
Authors: Yao Tong | Yong Cai | Yanting Wu | Wenkun Zhuo | Jinfeng Liao
Source: Polymers (article, 2026-02-28)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

From Design to Application: Advanced Cellulose Scaffolds for Engineered Tissue Regeneration The regeneration of complex tissues demands advanced scaffolds that offer biomimetic support and tissue-specific bioactive guidance. However, the materials in clinic face big challenges with immune rejection, limited donors, and unsatisfactory inductive activity. Fortunately, cellulose-based scaffolds have risen as a leading sustainable platform, considering their natural abundance, inherent biocompatibility, and highly tunable properties. This review comprehensively presented their evolution from rational design to potential clinical application. The primary cellulose sources and key detailed engineering strategies, including chemical modification, composite formulation, and bioactive functionalization, were arranged logically. The modification of cellulose can tune the physical, chemical, and biological behavior of scaffolds, along with advanced three-dimensional printing fabrication techniques. These material advances have enabled targeted functional outcomes in preclinical models, demonstrating promise for specific applications such as wound healing and bone repair. However, their broad clinical translation is contingent upon resolving persistent challenges, including controlled biodegradation and immune compatibility, which we critically assess alongside emerging frontiers such as smart responsive systems. By bridging material innovation with clinical needs, this review may provide an integrated perspective to guide future cellulose-based scaffold design for tissue regeneration. Scaffold ; Regeneration (biology) ; Bacterial cellulose ; Tissue engineering ; Biocompatible material ; Regenerative medicine ; Biomimetic materials Advanced Cellulose Research Studies ; Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Wound Healing and Treatments
Authors: Bowen Sun | Jianjun Li | Ting Zhou | Jinglin Zhu | Meiling Liu | Zhihan Lin | Chang Wang | Chang Li | Yingxue Chen | Xiaokun Huo | Chongwen Zou
Source: Advanced Science (article, 2026-02-16)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Multi‐Physical Field Modulated P‐Bit Device Based on VO <sub>2</sub> Thin Film Probabilistic computation using probability bits (P-bits) is highly effective for combinatorial optimization problems such as integer factorization because of its fast search ability. However, implementing P-bits with traditional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology usually needs external noise for randomness, which complicates fabrication and system integration. To overcome these challenges, we have proposed a VO<sub>2</sub>-based P-bit device where synergistic multi-physical field modulation (electric, thermal, optical) enables real-time tunability of randomness-an obvious advance beyond previous P-bits, which rely primarily on single-field control. This P-bit provides excellent durability and inherent randomness, with output probability that can be adjusted via multi-physical field modulation. Besides introducing a new phase-change material-based device approach for high-performance P-bits, this study also demonstrates a synergistic multi-physical field modulation strategy that opens new opportunities for neuromorphic device applications. Neuromorphic engineering ; Modulation (music) ; Probabilistic logic ; Field (mathematics) ; Computation ; Integer (computer science) ; Noise (video) Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials ; Advanced Memory and Neural Computing ; Phase-change materials and chalcogenides
Authors: Camille Marie Mitchell | Sara Tavana | Joanne Peng | Hao Wang | Jiuhan Shi | Chi Zhang | Lilia Evgeniou | Masy Domecillo | Shiwei Wang | Daniel M Estandian | Alexi Georges Choueiri | E. Wong | Sarah Dohadwala | Nicholas F. Polizzi | Laura L. Kiessling | Edward S. Boyden
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (article, 2026-01-30)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Principles of <i>in situ</i> protein sequencing: expansion microscopy-adapted Edman degradation and amino acid recognition The ability to map protein identity, with resolution sufficient to infer interactions, would support analysis of how proteins work together, or malfunction, in biological processes and diseases. Although several emerging technologies aim towards single-molecule protein sequencing, they require proteins to be removed from the nanoscale spatial context of cells and tissues. Expansion microscopy (ExM) has facilitated a diversity of chemical analyses by isotropically separating molecules throughout a specimen after permeation via a charged hydrogel, followed by gel swelling. Here, we adapt key protein sequencing steps - Edman degradation and amino acid recognition - to the ExM gel context. Using testbed peptides in ExM gels, we show that N-terminal amino acids can be recognized over multiple cycles of in-gel Edman degradation. These results establish principles of <i>in situ</i> protein sequencing and provide a framework for future <i>in situ</i> protein sequencing developments, including the development of higher specificity and affinity amino acid binders. Edman degradation ; Amino acid ; Context (archaeology) ; Protein sequencing ; Peptide sequence ; Amino acid residue ; Protein methods ; Sequence (biology) Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications ; Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
Authors: Chitra Periyasamy
Source: Building Materials and Engineering Structures (article, 2026-03-12)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Enhancing Mechanical Properties of High-Performance Fibre-Reinforced Composites Through Strategic Hybridization and COPRAS-based Optimization Advanced Fibre-reinforced composites, renowned for their remarkable mechanical properties including high strength, stiffness, and fatigue resistance, have garnered considerable attention. To elevate these materials’ performance and meet the escalating demands of modern applications, researchers have delved into hybridization strategies. Hybridization entails amalgamating diverse Fibres, encompassing carbon, glass, aramid, and natural Fibres, within a single composite matrix to engender synergistic effects and attain superior mechanical performance. This study employs the COPRAS (Complex Proportional Assessment) multi-criteria decision-making method to comprehensively assess the mechanical properties and manufacturing intricacies of various carbon Fibre hybrid composites. Parameters such as tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, compressive strength, density, cost, and manufacturing complexity are meticulously scrutinized. Findings reveal that integrating alternative Fibres, particularly natural variants like kenaf and bamboo, markedly enhances the mechanical attributes of carbon Fibre-based composites. Nonetheless, this enhancement is accompanied by escalated manufacturing intricacies and costs. The COPRAS method furnishes a systematic framework for prioritizing hybrid composites based on their significance, utility, and the delicate balance between benefits and costs. Insights gleaned from this study can aid decision-makers in aligning material selection with specific application requisites and financial constraints, ultimately fostering the development of advanced, cost-effective, and sustainable composite solutions. Integrating the COPRAS approach with emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and automated manufacturing holds promise for further augmenting the optimization and adoption of high-performance Fibre-reinforced composites. Ultimate tensile strength ; Composite number ; Carbon fibers ; Flexural strength ; Material selection ; Natural (archaeology) Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Mechanical Engineering and Vibrations Research ; Mechanical Behavior of Composites
Authors: Ishmam Ibnul Arabi | Foysal Ahmed | Ashraful Alam Rabbi | Anwesa Bhowmik | Hossain Mohammad Baezid | Prasenjit Bhowmik
Source:  (article, 2026-01-12)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Marine-Derived Aminopyrimidone and Aminoimidazole Alkaloids as Promising Inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: An Integrated In Silico Approach The pharmacological potential of marine alkaloids is enormous due to their diverse bioactivities. In this work, we performed a comprehensive computational analysis of marine alkaloids, including Calcardine C, Ernstine A, Naamine H, Naamine I, Naamidin In silico ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Mechanism of action ; Quantitative structure–activity relationship Synthesis and Characterization of Pyrroles ; Marine Sponges and Natural Products ; Chemical synthesis and alkaloids
Authors: Haoxiang Su | Kai Wang | Zhihao Song | Mu Zhang | Yudong Li | Xudong Sun | JianLin He | X Y Wang
Source: Discover Nano (article, 2026-03-16)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Tuning magneto dielectric synergy of CoNi composites via confined pyrolysis for microwave absorption To address the critical challenges of magnetic particle agglomeration and impedance mismatch in metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived microwave absorbers, this study proposes a synergistic strategy integrating bimetallic doping, hollow structural engineering, and confined pyrolysis. A topological transformation from solid ZIF-67 to hollow ZIF-67/CoNi-LDH was achieved via a Ni<sup>2+</sup>-induced "etching-coprecipitation" mechanism, followed by the encapsulation of a phenolic resin shell to function as a "confined nanoreactor". The experimental results demonstrate that the robust carbon shell derived from the resin effectively suppresses the Ostwald ripening of metal components, resulting in the uniform dispersion of high-density CoNi alloy nanoparticles within a nitrogen-doped carbon matrix and the formation of a hierarchical "pompon-like" core-shell architecture. Benefiting from optimized impedance matching provided by the hollow interior and a multi-scale synergistic loss mechanism comprising atomic lattice defects, microscopic Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars interfacial polarization, and mesoscopic multiple scattering the composite exhibits superior electromagnetic wave absorption capabilities. With a low filler loading of 15 wt%, the optimal sample obtained at 850 °C achieves a remarkable minimum reflection loss of -55.35 dB at an ultrathin thickness of 1.7 mm. This work validates the efficacy of the confined pyrolysis strategy in regulating magneto-dielectric synergy, offering a scalable pathway for next-generation lightweight microwave absorbers. Microwave ; Reflection loss ; Nanoparticle ; Composite number ; Dielectric loss ; Pyrolysis ; Dielectric ; Alloy ; Carbon nanotube Electromagnetic wave absorption materials ; Magnetic Properties and Synthesis of Ferrites ; Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications