jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Bilal Hawashin | Julian Kleeschulte | David B. Kurz | Aiman Al-Eryani | Michael M. Scherer
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2025-09-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Relativistic Mott transition and high-order van Hove singularity in twisted double bilayer WSe${}_2$: mean-field and functional renormalization group study Experiments on twisted double bilayer tungsten diselenide have demonstrated that moir'e semiconductors can realize a relativistic Mott transition, i.e., a quantum phase transition from a Dirac semimetal to a correlated insulating state, by twist-angle tuning. In addition, signatures of van Hove singularities were observed in the material's moir'e valence bands, suggesting further potential for the emergence of strongly-correlated states. Based on a continuum model, we provide a detailed analysis of the twist-angle dependence of the system's band structure, focusing on the evolution of the Dirac excitations and the Fermi-surface structure with its Lifshitz transitions across the van Hove fillings. We exhibit that the twist angle can be used to band engineer a high-order van Hove singularity, which can be accessed by gate tuning. We then study the magnetic phase diagram of an effective Hubbard model for twisted double bilayer tungsten diselenide on the effective honeycomb superlattice with tight-binding parameters fitted to the two topmost bands of the continuum model. To that end, we employ a self-consistent Hartree-Fock mean-field approach in real space. Fixing the angle-dependent Hubbard interaction based on the experimental findings, we explore a broad parameter range of twist angle, filling, and temperature. We find a rich variety of magnetic states that we expect to be accessible in future experiments, including, e.g., a non-coplanar spin-density wave with non-zero spin chirality and a half-metallic uniaxial spin-density wave. Finally, we employ a functional renormalization group approach to also study the competition between density-wave and superconducting instabilities. For twist angles of $θ=2.0^\circ, 2.5^\circ$, as well as $θ\approx 3.5^\circ$ -- where the high-order van Hove-singularity is found -- we find clear indications for unconventional superconductivity. Van Hove singularity ; Mott insulator ; Renormalization group ; Hubbard model ; Bilayer graphene ; Mott transition ; Twist ; Spin (aerodynamics) ; Electronic structure ; Phase diagram 2D Materials and Applications ; Topological Materials and Phenomena ; Heusler alloys: electronic and magnetic properties
Authors: Ahmad Syafik Suraidi Sulaiman | Aimrun Wayayok | Samsuzana Abd Aziz | Mui‐Yun Wong | Leifeng Guo
Source: Advances in Agricultural and Food Research Journal (article, 2025-05-22)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Growth Performance of Coconut (Cocos nucifera) in a Tropical Rooftop Nursery: Analysis of Growth Response to Environmental Factors This study investigates the intricate relationships between environmental factors and the growth performance of coconut plant (Cocos nucifera) in a rooftop nursery setting in the tropics. Coconut cultivation is of great economic and ecological importance, making it crucial to understand the environmental variables that influence growth. The coconut plant growth data and environmental parameters, including temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), light intensity (LI), height (H), leaf count (L), frond count (F), and stem diameter (D), were examined weekly over an extended period. Correlation analysis revealed interesting insights into the relationships between these variables. exhibited a positive correlation with temperature (r = 0.59 and light intensity (r = 0.35), suggesting that coconut growth is influenced by seasonal changes in temperature and sunlight exposure. Relative humidity showed a strong negative correlation with temperature (r = -0.75, indicating the interplay between these two critical factors. Notably, stem diameter (D) displayed a positive correlation with height (H) (r = 0.72, emphasizing the importance of vertical growth for overall coconut development. The findings underscore the significance of understanding how these environmental factors interact to influence coconut growth. The positive correlations between temperature, light intensity, and growth parameters highlight the need for optimal climate conditions in rooftop nurseries. Effective environmental management practices, such as shading to mitigate excessive light exposure and maintaining appropriate temperature and humidity levels, are essential for fostering healthy coconut growth. Cocos nucifera ; Biology ; Horticulture ; Agroforestry ; Botany Coconut Research and Applications ; Date Palm Research Studies
Authors: Ayalew Gebremariam | Magdalena Tokarska | Nawar Kadi
Source: Materials (article, 2025-05-23)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Analysis of the Impact of Fabric Surface Profiles on the Electrical Conductivity of Woven Fabrics The surface profile and structural alignment of fibers and yarns in fabrics are critical factors affecting the electrical properties of conductive textile surfaces. This study aimed to investigate the impact of fabric surface roughness and the geometrical parameters of woven fabrics on their electrical resistance properties. Surface roughness was assessed using the MicroSpy<sup>®</sup> Profile profilometer FRT (Fries Research & Technology) Metrology™, while electrical resistance was evaluated using the Van der Pauw method. The findings indicate that rougher fabric surfaces exhibit higher electrical resistance due to surface irregularities and lower yarn compactness. In contrast, smoother fabrics improve conductivity by enhancing surface uniformity and yarn contact. Fabric density, particularly weft density, governs the structural alignment of yarns. A 35% increase in weft density (W19-W27) resulted in a 13-15% reduction in resistance, confirming that denser fabrics facilitate current flow. Higher weft density also increases directional resistance differences, enhancing anisotropic behavior. Angular distribution analysis showed lower resistance and greater anisotropy at perpendicular orientations (0° and 180°, the weft direction; 90° and 270°, the warp direction), while diagonal directions (45°, 135°, 225°, and 315°) exhibited higher resistance. Surface roughness further hindered current flow, whereas increased weft density and surface mass reduced resistance and improved the directional dependencies of the electrical resistances. This analysis was conducted based on research using woven fabrics produced from silver-plated polyamide yarns (Shieldex<sup>®</sup> 117/17 HCB). These insights support the optimization of these conductive fabrics for smart textiles, wearable sensors, and e-textiles. Fabric variants W19 and W21, with lower resistance variability and better isotropic behavior under the <i>S</i> electrode arrangement, could be proposed as suitable materials for integration into compact sensing systems like heart rate or bio-signal monitors. Composite material ; Materials science ; Woven fabric ; Electrical resistivity and conductivity ; Conductivity ; Surface (topology) ; Geometry ; Mathematics ; Engineering ; Electrical engineering ; Physics Textile materials and evaluations ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials ; Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
Authors: Chengyuan Guo | Guolai Yang | Liqun Wang | Jianli Ge | Qingle Wu | Hao Guo
Source: International journal of mechanical system dynamics (article, 2025-07-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Launch Uncertainty Analysis Under Barrel Erosion Using Experiments and Random Matrix Theory ABSTRACT The effects of barrel erosion on artillery firing performance have long been a subject of concern, but its effect on launch uncertainty has yet to be investigated. This article explores the influence of barrel erosion on the interior ballistic mechanical properties and launch disturbances. The interior ballistic mechanical properties under various barrel erosion conditions are tested, revealing a significant impact on the projectile lateral overload. Utilizing random matrix theory, a projectile‐barrel coupled calculation model is developed, accounting for parameter‐model uncertainties. Subsequently, a Bayesian posterior model uncertainty quantification method based on lateral overload root mean square (RMS) is proposed, and quantification and inversion are conducted based on the test results. The computational results confirm the accuracy of the quantification technique and highlight the effectiveness of the model uncertainty approach in addressing complex uncertainty issues, such as barrel erosion. Erosion ; Matrix (chemical analysis) ; Random matrix ; Barrel (horology) ; Statistical physics ; Mathematics ; Environmental science ; Geology ; Physics ; Geography ; Materials science ; Geomorphology ; Archaeology ; Eigenvalues and eigenvectors High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Electromagnetic Launch and Propulsion Technology ; Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods
Authors: Mohammadjavad Jafari | Mehdi Mohammadimehr
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2025-08-06)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Active control and forced vibrations of a smart sandwich viscoelastic micro beam resting on Vlasov’s foundation based on MCST Viscoelasticity ; Beam (structure) ; Foundation (evidence) ; Vibration ; Structural engineering ; Control (management) ; Physics ; Engineering ; Materials science ; Mechanics ; Acoustics ; Computer science ; Political science ; Composite material Nonlocal and gradient elasticity in micro/nano structures ; Composite Structure Analysis and Optimization ; Aeroelasticity and Vibration Control
Authors: Francesco Cugini | Luigi Gallo | G. Garulli | D Olivieri | Giovanna Trevisi | S. Fabbrici | F. Albertini | M. Solzi
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-01-31)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

In-operando test of tunable Heusler alloys for thermomagnetic harvesting of low-grade waste heat Thermomagnetic generation stands out as a promising technology for harvesting and converting low-grade waste heat below 100 °C. Despite the exponential growth in research on thermomagnetic materials and prototypes over the last decade, there remains, to unlock the full potential of this technology, a critical gap between fundamental research on materials and the design of advanced devices. In this study, we present the in-operando assessment of thermomagnetic performance of three representative Ni,Mn-based Heusler alloys optimized for harvesting low-grade waste heat below 373 K. These materials were tested under operational conditions using a specially designed laboratory-scale prototype of a thermomagnetic motor. The mechanical power output of the motor, operated with NiMnIn, NiMnSn and NiMnCuGa alloys, was correlated with the magnetic properties of the materials, highlighting the critical role of the magnetic transition temperature and saturation magnetization in determining the efficiency of thermomagnetic energy conversion. Austenitic Heusler alloys were confirmed to be promising thermomagnetic materials due to their highly tunable Curie temperature and significant magnetization changes in the 300-360 K temperature range. Among the tested materials, the Ni48Mn36In16 alloy demonstrated the highest thermomagnetic performance, surpassing the benchmark material Gd in the 320-340 K range. From an experimental perspective, the developed prototype of thermomagnetic motor serves as a flexible test-bench for evaluating and comparing the thermomagnetic performance of small amounts (less than 0.3 g) of new materials under variable conditions. Additionally, its modular design facilitates testing and optimization of its various components, thereby contributing to the advancement of thermomagnetic motor technology. Thermomagnetic convection ; Materials science ; Test (biology) ; Metallurgy ; Physics ; Geology ; Magnetic field Heusler alloys: electronic and magnetic properties ; Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Wireless Power Transfer Systems
Authors: Louis Chambard | Alrik Durand | Julien Voisin | M. Perdriat | Vincent Jacques | G. Hétet
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-10-09)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

High-Sensitivity Optical Detection of Electron-Nuclear Spin Clusters in Diamond We perform sensitive nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with spin ensembles which are polarized by nitrogen vacancy centers (NV centers) in diamond at room-temperature. With a near shot-noise-limited photoluminescence detection and a highly uniform magnetic field, we resolve sharp NMR features arising from multiple spin clusters. In particular, we investigate the coupling between nuclear spins and NV centers in the neutral and negatively charged states. Further, we perform high precision NMR and coherent control of families of carbon 13 nuclear spin ensembles in the $m_s$=0 level of the NV ground state. Applying an off-axis magnetic field reveals the various sites associated with the otherwise degenerate couplings of the carbon 13 sites around the NV electronic spin providing access to all the hyperfine tensor components. Last, we observe spectroscopic signatures of pairs of nuclear spins coupled to the same NV center. These results are relevant for ensemble measurements of dynamical polarization that currently rely on expensive nuclear magnetic resonance systems as well as for recently proposed nuclear spin gyroscopes. Spins ; Diamond ; Hyperfine structure ; Spin (aerodynamics) ; Degenerate energy levels ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Spin polarization ; Magnetic field ; Coupling (piping) Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research ; Nanotechnology research and applications ; Chemical and Physical Properties of Materials
Authors: Ulrich Eismann
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-01-29)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Fabry-Pérot etalon walk-off loss in ring cavities Fabry-Pérot etalons are widely used for laser frequency control. Inserting them in laser cavities imparts unavoidable walk-off loss and reduces the output power. Here, we treat the technology-relevant case of the walk-off loss of an etalon in a unidirectional ring cavity, which is a standard design of single-frequency lasers. We provide the theory background by discussing the analytic limits. The loss can be efficiently minimized by realignment, or by proper matching of the etalon's surface reflectivity with its refractive index. We numerically calculate the loss in the region uncovered by the analytic limits. We discuss practical laser design considerations, and we perform a tilt-tuning experiment in a single-frequency, solid-state laser setup. Fabry–Pérot interferometer ; Ring (chemistry) ; Physics ; Materials science ; Optics ; Chemistry ; Laser Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes ; Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems ; Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
Authors: Mohd Tahseen | Vivekanand Dabade
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-06-05)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Revisiting the cofactor conditions: Elimination of transition layers in compound domains This paper investigates the conditions necessary for the elimination of transition layers at interfaces involving compound domains, extending the classical framework of cofactor conditions. Although cofactor conditions enable stress-free phase boundaries between Type I/II domains and austenite, their applicability to compound domains has remained limited. Here, we present a comprehensive theoretical framework to characterize all compatible interfaces, highlighting the fundamental importance of the commutation property among martensitic variants. By establishing necessary and sufficient algebraic conditions, referred to as extreme compatibility conditions, we demonstrate the simultaneous elimination of transition layers at phase interfaces for both Type I/II and compound laminates, across all volume fractions of the martensitic variants. We also investigate the possibility of achieving supercompatibility in non-conventional twins, recently observed in the NiMnGa system. The focus of our work is on cubic-to-orthorhombic and cubic-to-monoclinic~II phase transformations, for which the extreme compatibility conditions are explicitly derived and systematically analyzed. The theory predicts novel zero-elastic-energy microstructures, including an increased number of triple clusters, spearhead-shaped martensitic nuclei, stress-free inclusions of austenite within martensite, and distinctive four-fold martensitic clusters. This significantly expands the possible modes of forming stress-free interfaces between phases and reveals new energy-minimizing microstructures that can facilitate the nucleation of martensite within austenite and vice versa. These configurations highlight significant enhancements in transformation reversibility and material durability, guiding the rational design of next-generation shape memory alloys with optimized functional properties. Martensite ; Austenite ; Diffusionless transformation ; Compatibility (geochemistry) ; Phase transition ; Shape-memory alloy ; Work (physics) Shape Memory Alloy Transformations ; Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials ; Metallurgical and Alloy Processes
Authors: Hossein Allahverdizadeh | Karim Achouri
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-04-29)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Multipolar Angular Scattering of Substrated Metasurfaces Properly modeling and predicting the scattering response of a metasurface is a particularly challenging task. This has been shown to be especially difficult if the metasurface supports both local and nonlocal interactions, in the form of lattice coupling effects, multipolar contributions or bianisotropic responses. So far, existing methods to approach this problem have been restricted to normal incidence in a homogeneous background medium. We overcome these limitations by providing a rigorous and comprehensive formalism that accommodates both oblique incidence and the presence of different superstrate and substrate. This is achieved by extending our existing metasurface modeling framework to account for nonlocal and multipolar contributions up to the octupolar order and properly accounting for the scattering effects due to an inhomogeneous background medium. Additionally, our method is based on exact spherical multipole decomposition, which intrinsically accounts for toroidal contributions. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by modeling the response of several dielectric and plasmonic metasurfaces that exhibit sharp spectral features including bound states in the continuum. Overall, our formalism yields excellent agreement with full-wave simulations. Multipole expansion ; Scattering ; Formalism (music) ; Homogeneous ; Discrete dipole approximation ; Dielectric ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Plasmon Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies
Authors: J.G. Rogers | A. Egly | Y. Roh | R. Terry | F. J. Wessel
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2025-03-26)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A Quasi-Spherical Fusion Reactor Burning Boron-11 Fuel Particle in Cell (PIC) simulation has been used to validate a conceptual design for a quasi-spherical, net power, hydrogen plus boron-11 fueled, fusion reactor incorporating high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets. By burning a fully thermalized plasma, our proposed MET6 reactor uses the principles of Magneto-Electrostatic Trap design of Yushmanov (1980) to improve the classic Polywell design, resulting in a predicted power-balance Q ≈ 1.3. Because the input power consumed by the reactor will barely balance the waste bremsstrahlung radiation, future research must focus on reducing the bremsstrahlung losses to reach practical net power levels. A first step to reducing bremsstrahlung, explored in this paper, is to tune the reactor parameters to reduce the trapped electrons energies. Boron ; Fusion ; Fusion power ; Nuclear engineering ; Materials science ; Physics ; Nuclear physics ; Engineering ; Plasma Nuclear Materials and Properties ; Nuclear reactor physics and engineering ; Cold Fusion and Nuclear Reactions
Authors: حيدر صلاح كاطع | I Nyoman Budiantara | Vita Ratnasari
Source: MANDALIKA Mathematics and Educations Journal (article, 2025-06-18)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

The Curve Estimation Nonparametric Regression Multiresponse Mixed with Truncated Spline, Fourier Series, and Kernel This study formulates a nonparametric regression model for multiresponse data by combining three estimators: truncated spline, Fourier series, and kernel function. Each estimator captures specific characteristics. Truncated spline capture local traits with knot points, while fourier series capture periodic patterns and kernel estimators provide flexible smoothing for unknown functional forms. The model proposed is under an additive assumption where each predictor contributes independently to each response. Estimation is done with Weighted Least Squares (WLS) method which is efficient in managing the correlations between the multiresponse variables. The final multiresponse nonparametric regression curve estimator combining truncated spline, Fourier series, and kernel is given by \\hat{\mu} = \hat{f} + \hat{g} + \hat{h}\] obtained by solving the WLS optimization problem: [\min_{\boldsymbol{\beta}, \boldsymbol{\alpha}} \{ \boldsymbol{\varepsilon}' W \boldsymbol{\varepsilon} \} =\min_{\boldsymbol{\beta}, \boldsymbol{\alpha}} \left\{ (\mathbf{y}^* - U \boldsymbol{\beta} - Z \boldsymbol{\alpha})' W (\mathbf{y}^* - U \boldsymbol{\beta} - Z \boldsymbol{\alpha}) \right\}.\]. The solution to this problem results in the mixed estimator, which can be expressed as: \[\hat{\boldsymbol{\mu}} = E \mathbf{y} \quad \text{with} \quad E = UB + ZA + T.\] Estimator ; Spline (mechanical) ; Mathematics ; Fourier series ; Combinatorics ; Nonparametric regression ; Kernel smoother ; Nonparametric statistics ; Series (stratigraphy) ; Fourier transform ; Kernel (algebra) ; Smoothing spline ; Smoothing ; Kernel regression ; Mathematical analysis ; Statistics ; Kernel method ; Spline interpolation ; Physics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
Authors: Elisa Franco | Juan J. L. Velázquez
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-02-07)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

The detailed balance property and chemical systems out of equilibrium The detailed balance property is a fundamental property that must be satisfied in all the macroscopic systems with a well defined temperature at each point. On the other hand, many biochemical networks work in non-equilibrium conditions and they can be effectively modelled using sets of equations in which the detailed balance condition fails. In this paper we study a class of "out of equilibrium" chemical networks that can be obtained freezing the concentration of some substances in chemical networks for which the detailed balance property holds. In particular, we prove that any chemical system with bidirectional chemical reactions can be extended to a system having additional substances and for which the detailed balance property holds. Property (philosophy) ; Balance (ability) ; Mathematical economics ; Economics ; Philosophy ; Epistemology ; Psychology History and advancements in chemistry