jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Bert Foquet | Lauren E. Eccles | Amanda Markee | Deborah A. Triant | Paul B. Frandsen | Whitney L. Stoppel | Akito Y. Kawahara
Source: Genome Biology and Evolution (article, 2026-02-25)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Evolution of Highly Repetitive Silk Genes in the Luna Moth, <i>Actias luna</i> Gene duplications are a major driver of molecular diversification and phenotypic evolution. Arthropod silk genes provide an excellent model for studying these processes due to their extensive internal repeats and rapid evolutionary rates. In Lepidoptera, the Fibroin heavy chain (fibH) gene encodes the primary structural protein for silk fibers, contributing largely to their mechanical strength. This inner fibroin core is surrounded by an outer coating composed primarily of sericins. Sericins are a group of highly repetitive, serine-rich proteins that modulate silk fiber properties. Although sericins in the domestic silkworm (Bombyx mori) have been associated with life stage-specific variation in silk characteristics, their evolution and function remain poorly understood. Here, we provide a detailed molecular characterization of sericin genes in the Luna moth (Actias luna) known for forming dense, robust, silk-woven cocoons. We identified eight sericin genes that (i) include two clusters of closely related paralogs, (ii) exhibit considerable variation in repeat number and amino acid composition, and (iii) display distinct gene expression patterns across life stages. A comparison of sericin genes between A. luna and three other moths of the superfamily Bombycoidea reveals evidence for convergent subfunctionalization. These findings suggest that sericin gene duplications enable dynamic shifts in silk composition both within and between species, potentially reflecting adaptive responses to ecological and functional demands. Sericin ; Gene ; Fibroin ; SILK ; Gene duplication ; Molecular evolution ; Phenotype ; Gene family Silk-based biomaterials and applications ; Silkworms and Sericulture Research ; Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
Authors: Mohammad Reza Farajpour | Mohammad Danesh | Mohammad Hossein Shokrani | Ali Farajpour
Source: Micromachines (article, 2026-02-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Shear Instability Control of Hybrid Small-Scale Plates Embedded in a Polymer Matrix via Shape Memory Alloy Nanofibers A refined mathematical framework is developed to investigate the ability of shape memory alloy (SMA) nanofibers to control the shear instability of a hybrid small-scale plate made of three layers containing nanofibers. The middle layer is reinforced by SMA nanofibers, while typical nanofibers are utilized to reinforce other layers. Using the Brinson theory, the nonlocal theory and the principle of virtual work, the scale-dependent coupled equations of the reinforced ultrasmall plate are presented. A differential quadrature technique is then applied as a solution procedure for different edge conditions. The influences of various factors, including the coefficients of the polymer matrix, the recovery stress, orientation and volume fraction of SMA nanofibers on the control ability are studied. It is concluded that the shear instability capacity of small-scale plates can be reasonably controlled by using SMA nanofibers. Particularly, higher recovery stresses result in higher critical shear loads. As the SMA volume fraction increases, the shear instability load remarkably increases. Shape-memory alloy ; Volume fraction ; Instability ; SMA* ; Nanofiber ; Shear (geology) ; Polymer Shape Memory Alloy Transformations ; Nonlocal and gradient elasticity in micro/nano structures ; Composite Structure Analysis and Optimization
Authors: Shuai Zu | Quan Sun | Chunxiang Xu | H MISAWA
Source: ACS Nano (article, 2026-02-28)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Construction and Regulation of a Nanometer–Femtosecond-Scale Spatiotemporally Localized Chiroptical Source in a Single Plasmonic Nanoantenna Achieving precise control over chiral light-matter interactions at the nanometer-femtosecond scale, where both spatial and temporal limits are approached, remains a central challenge in nano- and quantum optics. This control is essential for next-generation ultracompact, ultrafast chiral photonic devices, but no method has realized both the construction and the active regulation of a localized chiroptical source within a single plasmonic nanoantenna. In this study, we report a strategy for creating and dynamically controlling a spatiotemporally localized chiroptical source via plasmonic eigenmode engineering in an achiral rectangular nanoantenna. With time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy, we directly image and analyze eigenmode dynamics and interference-induced near-field chirality across the space, time, and wavelength domains, revealing polarization-dependent hotspots in the nanoantenna. An interferometric pump-probe method further enables the on/off switching and near-field chirality reversal of the chiroptical photon source between nanoantenna corners with a sub-1.37 fs time delay between pump and probe pulses. This approach also yields a tunable superchiral photon source, providing a versatile platform for integrated ultrafast chiral nanophotonic applications. Plasmon ; Nanophotonics ; Chirality (physics) ; Ultrashort pulse ; Photonics ; Interferometry ; Photon ; Quantum ; Coherent control Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics
Authors: Shiyu Fan | Feng Jin | Taehun Kim | Umesh Kumar | Zixun Zhang | V. K. Bhartiya | Jiemin Li | Brandon Yalin | Yanhong Gu | Mingqiang Gu | Wen Hu | Claudio Mazzoli | G. Lawrence Carr | O. S. Barišić | Andrey S. Mishchenko | Valentina Bisogni | Sobhit Singh | Wenbin Wu | Jonathan Pelliciari
Source: ArXiv.org (article, 2026-04-01)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Excitations across the equilibrium and photoinduced `hidden' states of magnetoresistive manganites "Hidden" phases, generated using ultrafast laser pulses (few hundred femtoseconds), with properties distinct from thermodynamic equilibrium, are appealing for technologies because they can be long-lived, with lifetimes of hours or weeks, and reversible with temperature sweeping or extra pulses. In this regard, La$_{2/3}$Ca$_{1/3}$MnO$_3$ (LCMO) stands out due to its tunability through epitaxial strain, which can drive the bulk ferromagnetic metal (FMM) into an antiferromagnetic insulator (AFI), and its susceptibility to photo-induced transitions. Indeed, AFI LCMO displays a long-lived photo-induced transition into a putative 'hidden' phase whose exact nature and excitations are still largely unknown. Here, we combine ultrafast photo-excitation in the near infrared with in situ transport, x-ray absorption (XAS), and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) to investigate the excitations (polarons, phonons, and orbital) of the photo-excited phase of LCMO and contrast them with the thermodynamic phases achieved through strain and temperature. In the thermodynamic regime, we establish the correlation between polarons and transport, placing them in the 'strong coupling' regime of the Holstein model. Upon photo-excitation of LCMO-AFI, we uncover a long-lived phase characterized by the softening of the polaron excitations, the partial suppression of the Jahn-Teller distortion, and nearly unchanged phonons, showing the emergence of a photo-excited state absent in the equilibrium phase diagram. Finally, by varying temperature, epitaxial strain, and photo-excitation fluence, we construct a polaron phase diagram and identify the key spectroscopic signatures of each phase. Our laser-RIXS approach establishes a versatile platform for exploring photo-induced 'hidden' phases in quantum materials in non-stroboscopic conditions. Polaron ; Antiferromagnetism ; Ultrashort pulse ; Phase diagram ; Ferromagnetism ; Phase (matter) ; Phase transition ; Magnetoresistance Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials ; Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides ; Chemical and Physical Properties of Materials
Authors: Zhenhua Xiong | Pengyang Zhao
Source: Communications Physics (article, 2026-04-14)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Attaining physics-driven convolutional operators by architecture design Operator learning is key to leveraging artificial intelligence for scientific discovery by enabling the solution of partial differential equations that express core principles of physical modeling. However, conventional data-driven methods rely heavily on costly, high-fidelity simulations for training. Here, we introduce a physics-driven convolutional operator, leveraging a recurrent convolutional neural network framework to bypass this data reliance for multiscale predictive modeling. Trained entirely through physics-based constraints, this operator accurately learns equations characterizing complex systems, acquiring robust physical inference capabilities to serve as a surrogate applicable to a family of partial differential equations across various microstructures and initial conditions. It exhibits great accuracy and efficiency by solving the micromechanics problem, elastic wave propagation, and microstructure evolution, outperforming previous operator learners in rigorous quantitative comparisons. This labeled-data-free, fully knowledge-based operator learning provides a systematic approach for developing surrogate models, significantly benefiting physical prediction via forward modeling and engineering design via inverse modeling. Operator learning is essential for advancing AI-driven scientific discovery by solving partial differential equations that underpin physical modeling. Here, the authors introduce a label-free physics-driven convolutional operator (PDCO) that leverages a recurrent convolutional neural network to efficiently approximate neural operators, with its performance demonstrated on the Eshelby inclusion problem, elastic wave propagation, and the Allen–Cahn equations for predicting microstructure evolution. Convolutional neural network ; Operator (biology) ; Inference ; Partial differential equation ; Inverse problem ; Key (lock) ; Deep learning Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Model Reduction and Neural Networks ; Quantum many-body systems
Authors: Tushar Menon | Richard Dawid | Siska De Baerdemaeker
Source: Synthese (article, 2026-03-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Establishing the philosophy of supersymmetry introduction to the topical collection Philosophy of science ; Philosophy of language ; Supersymmetry ; Metaphysics ; Superpartner Quasicrystal Structures and Properties ; Evolution and Science Education ; Earth Systems and Cosmic Evolution
Authors: M. Soltani | M. H. Momenian | Ömer Cívalek
Source: Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering (article, 2026-01-14)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

An exact closed-form solution for buckling of an elastically connected nano-size multi-bonded system subjected to axial load Abstract This work’s primary objective is to create and demonstrate a low-cost computational technique and an easy-to-implement formulation for estimating buckling capacity of multiple parallel nano-scale elements elastically connected by a Kerr-type foundation subjected to axial load. To accomplish this goal, the system of governing equilibrium equations of the considered multi-bonded structure, which includes n coupled linear differential equations of order 8th, is extracted using the calculus of variations approach and after eliminating the deformation of the inner shear spring layers. A set of explicit and parametric formulas for predicting the stability strength of the system under-investigation, focusing on the double-bond system, is ultimately obtained after the resulting system of equations is solved using trigonometric functions for simply-supported boundary conditions. The attained closed-form formulations require a minimal computational cost, which greatly decrease the central processing unit time, and the extracted expressions, along with their correctness and precision, can be used to achieve the critical loads associated with both in-phase and out-of-phase buckling mode deflections. An exhaustive parametric study is conducted to precisely examine the sensitivity of endurable buckling loads of double-bonded nano-scale elements after the accuracy of the extracted closed-form solution formulations is evaluated. This study considers the effects of various parameters, including the non-locality parameter, the shear layer stiffness constant, the stiffness of Winkler-type elastic medium, including the top and bottom layers, mode number, and axial load ratio, taking into account the effects of applying compressive and/or tensile axial force. Buckling ; Parametric statistics ; Stiffness ; Boundary value problem ; Correctness ; Critical load ; Differential equation ; Deformation (meteorology) ; Shear (geology) Nonlocal and gradient elasticity in micro/nano structures ; Composite Structure Analysis and Optimization ; Numerical methods in engineering
Authors: Ning Wang | Zirui Zhang | Jiahao Li | Jianxiang Cheng | hongzhi Jia | Bo Dai | Dawei Zhang
Source: Energies (article, 2026-02-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Convergent Annular Thermoelectric Generator with Fish-Fin-like Heat Exchange To address the critical challenge of low thermoelectric conversion efficiency in high-temperature, highly turbulent waste heat recovery, a novel fish-fin convergent annular thermoelectric generator (FF-CATEG) device is proposed. An annular contraction-type thermal conduction ceramic component is designed along the axial gradient direction, with fish-fin-like fins and thermocouple annular arrays introduced on the inner and outer walls of the ceramic, respectively. Therefore, the directional transport through the cross-coupling of fluid kinetic energy and thermal energy is achieved, significantly improving the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the proposed structure. Experimental validation demonstrates that the optimized FF-CATEG attains a maximum net output power of 6.17 W at a pipe contraction angle of 3.5° and a fin coverage of 13.44%. With a temperature difference of 320 K and a waste heat fluid velocity of 14.5 m/s, the thermoelectric conversion efficiency is enhanced to 3.97%, representing a substantial 39.3% improvement compared to the finless configuration. This study presents a new approach for recovering waste heat from turbulent flows. Thermoelectric generator ; Thermoelectric effect ; Energy conversion efficiency ; Thermocouple ; Heat exchanger ; Thermal conduction ; Thermal ; Temperature gradient ; Waste heat recovery unit ; Thermal efficiency Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies ; Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
Authors: Mitsugu Tadano | Kazuki Yamamoto | Akiji Yamamoto | Shoji Kashida
Source: Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials (article, 2026-04-11)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Two-dimensional modulated structure in quenched Ga <sub>2</sub> Te <sub>3</sub> with the defect zincblende lattice Abstract Ga 2 Se 3 and Ga 2 Te 3 crystallize to the cubic zincblende structure, where 1/3 of the cation sites are vacant. Semiconductors with large concentrations of vacancies are actively studied due to their potential for application. In this article, the modulated structure in quenched Ga 2 Te 3 has been studied using single crystal X-ray diffraction data. Analysis of satellite reflections observed at q = (0.06, 0.06, 0.00) c revealed that the real structure is tetragonal and belongs to the superspace group I <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <m:mrow> <m:mover accent="true"> <m:mn>4</m:mn> <m:mo>̅</m:mo> </m:mover> </m:mrow> </m:math> $&amp;#x305;{4}$ m 2( α , 0, 0)0(0, α , 0)0. The structure is characterized by an occupational modulation caused by Ga vacancies, and accompanying displacement modulations of both Ga and Te atoms. The origin of the displacement modulations was discussed and attributed to the expanding motions around the Ga vacant sites. These motions are concave downward (toward − z ) along [110] c , while they are upward (toward + z ) along [−110]. Tetragonal crystal system ; Crystal structure ; Lattice (music) ; Diffraction ; Superspace ; Semiconductor ; Displacement (psychology) Crystal Structures and Properties ; Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Iron-based superconductors research
Authors: S. Brinckmann | G. Winkens | Ruth Schwaiger
Source: RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen) (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

PASTA-ELN: Simplifying Research Data Management for Experimental Materials Science Experimental data ; Data management ; Field (mathematics) ; Data collection ; Data analysis Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications ; Advanced Materials Characterization Techniques
Authors: Aniket Samanta | Animesh Hazra | Punyabrata Pradhan
Source: ArXiv.org (article, 2026-04-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Power laws, anisotropy and center-of-mass conservation in mass transport processes We present exact results for steady-state density correlation functions in conserved-mass transport processes with {\it anisotropic}, reflection-symmetric hopping on a $d-$dimensional hypercubic lattice. In addition to mass conservation, we consider center-of-mass (CoM) conservation, imposed either along a specific axis or along all axes. CoM-conserving dynamics is implemented through coordinated {\it multidirectional} hopping of two equal chunks of masses in {\it opposite} directions. While anisotropy and mass conservation are known to generate power-law density correlations $C({\bf x}) \sim 1/|{\bf x}|^d$ at large distance $|{\bf x}| \gg 1$ {\it [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 42}, 1954 (1990)]}, an additional CoM conservation can qualitatively alter the nature of the power law. Indeed, when CoM is conserved in {\it all} directions, the correlations decay faster $-$ typically as $C({\bf x}) \sim 1/|{\bf x}|^{(d+2)}$, regardless of the presence (or absence) of anisotropy. Consequently, the systems exhibit an extreme {\it hyperuniformity} (``class I''), where the long-wavelength density fluctuations, despite the slow power-law decay, are anomalously suppressed. When CoM is conserved along particular ({\it not} all) directions, the slower $1/|{\bf x}|^{d}$ power-law decay is recovered. The above behavior can be understood from an analogy between the correlation function and an electrostatic potential: While a (rank-$2$) quadrupolar charge distribution gives rise to the $1/|{\bf x}|^{d}$ power law, the $1/|{\bf x}|^{(d+2)}$ power law originates from a higher-order (rank-$4$) multipolar charge distribution. These findings reveal a rich interplay between anisotropy and CoM conservation in nonequilibrium steady states. Anisotropy ; Charge conservation ; Power law ; Non-equilibrium thermodynamics ; Conservation law ; Charge (physics) ; Conservation of mass ; Probability density function Material Dynamics and Properties ; Quantum many-body systems ; Theoretical and Computational Physics
Authors: Kiran KC | Jagadeesha SK | Vinayak Hegde | Maheshwarappa HP | Swetha . | Govardahan Rao
Source: International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research (article, 2026-04-01)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Management of Stem bleeding disease caused by Thielviopsis paradoxa (de seyness) von Hohnel in coconut under In-vitro and field condition Coconuts Stem bleeding disease caused by Thielaviopsis paradoxa is an important disease of coconut in India, especially in states of southern India (Kerala, Karnataka, Andra pradesh and Tamil Nadu) where major production of coconut was recorded. The disease is unable to manage efficiently due to either non-availability of promising fungicide or due to restriction use of such promising molecule. Hence it is challenging to identify the newer fungicides against this disease. Hence, fourteen new fungicides were screened under in-vitro against the causal agent T. paradoxa. Among them, T7 (Azoxystrobin 11% + Tebuconazole18.3% SC W/W), T9 (Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% WP) and T14 (Hexaconazol 5% + Validamycin 2.5% SC) were found to inhibit cent per cent of the pathogen growth at 500ppm concentration. However, (Hexaconazol 5% + Validamycin 2.5% SC) recorded highest inhibition even at its lower concentration i.e. 250ppm. Wherein, T12 Carbendazim 50% WP (98.15) and T11 Mancozeb 75% WP (97.41%) were found next superior which recorded inhibition of 98.15% and 97.41% respectively in 500 ppm concentration. The fungicides performed better under in-vitro were selected to evaluate under field condition with varied method of application over two years. At the end of 24 months, revealed that root feeding of (Hexaconazole + Validamycin) @ 4ml in 100 ml water) and soil drenching (Hexaconazole + Validamycin) (@30 ml in 15 liter water/ palm) recorded maximum disease reduction of 50.84 per cent over initial and found significantly superior to other treatments followed by the positive control i.e. Root feeding of only Hexaconazole (4 ml in 100 ml of water/Palm) with 30.39 per cent reduction over initial. The next best treatment was Root feeding (@4 ml in 100 ml water) and soil drenching (@30 ml in 15 liter water/ palm) of (Azoxystrobin 11% + Tebuconazole-18.3% SC W/W ) with 30.71 per cent reduction over initial. However, in untreated control the disease has been progressed to 32.96 PDI with 20.24% increase. Fungicide ; Mancozeb ; Carbendazim ; Hexaconazole ; Bordeaux mixture ; Disease control Coconut Research and Applications ; Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases ; Cocoa and Sweet Potato Agronomy
Authors: Zechuan Zhang | Qixing Dong | Tao Wang | Hailu You | Xunlian Wang
Source:  (article, 2026-01-19)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Redescription of the osteology and systematic of Panguraptor lufengensis (Neotheropoda: Coelophysoidea) Panguraptor lufengensis You et al., 2014 is the first Coelophysoidea species that has been named in Asia. In previous studies, the description of holotype lacked anatomical details, leaving inadequate amounts of information. In this research, the anatomy is further described and the autapomorphic characters of P. lufengensis are re-evaluated, expanding into a combination of six characters. Phylogenetic analysis shows P. lufengensis is an early-branching member of the superfamily Coelophysoidea, indicating a yet to be uncovered ghost lineage of Coelophysoidea in East Asia. Osteology ; Autapomorphy ; Holotype ; Phylogenetic tree ; Lineage (genetic) Diatoms and Algae Research ; Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils ; Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
Authors: Sobin Alosious | Jiaxin Xu | Meng Jiang | Tengfei Luo
Source: Polymer Chemistry (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A transfer learning framework integrating molecular dynamics and group contribution methods for predicting polymer specific heat capacity A multi-fidelity transfer learning framework integrates group contribution, molecular dynamics, and experimental data to enable accurate and scalable prediction of polymer specific heat capacities. Group (periodic table) ; Scalability ; Transfer of learning ; Heat capacity ; Molecular dynamics ; Heat transfer Thermal properties of materials ; Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Advanced Physical and Chemical Molecular Interactions
Authors: Yunfan Liu | Zhifeng Gao | Lirong Wu | Jingbo Zhou | Tongyue Xu | Cheng Tan | Yufei Huang | Changxi Chi | Chang Yu | Stan Z. Li
Source: Pattern Recognition (article, 2026-02-19)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

VitaMol: Lightweight molecular modality expansion in discrete space for multi-task transfer learning Codebook ; Pharmacophore ; Chemical space ; Property (philosophy) ; Modality (human–computer interaction) ; Transfer of learning ; Computation ; Modalities Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Computational Drug Discovery Methods ; Advanced Graph Neural Networks