jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: عثمان بن إبراهيم السلوم | Harel Ginat | Fernando Lorén | L. Martı́n-Moreno | Shmuel Sternklar | Yuri Gorodetski
Source: ACS Photonics (article, 2025-06-20)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Direct Interferometric Measurement of Nonreciprocity Induced by a Plasmonic Metasurface with False Chirality Nonreciprocity is an important scientific concept related to the broken symmetry of through a system in the forward and reverse directions. This effect lies in the origin of various applications including signal processing, noise reduction, unidirectional propagation, and sensing. Here, we show that propagation of Surface Plasmons (SP) within a structure having a false chirality exhibits a nonreciprocity. The SP waves propagating in opposite directions within the structure acquire opposite Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phases. To detect this phase difference, we introduce a novel interferometric technique based on a customized Sagnac setup. The main advantages of our proposed system are high sensitivity to nonreciprocal phase changes, high precision incidence angle alignment, and the inspection of the k-space enabled by sufficiently wide range of incidence angles. We believe that a pivotal role of the nonreciprocity and its detection in numerous physical and chemical processes suggests a wide range of practical applications as well as deeper scientific insights. Plasmon ; Interferometry ; Chirality (physics) ; Physics ; Optoelectronics ; Optics ; Materials science ; Chiral symmetry ; Quantum mechanics Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies
Authors: Germano Maioli Penello | Pedro Henrique Pereira | Guilherme Monteiro Torelly | Rudy M. S. Kawabata | Lucas Andrade Teixeira de Souza | Sérgio L. Morelhão | A. A. Quivy
Source: Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems (article, 2025-05-22)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Structural analysis of a quantum Bragg mirror detector (QBMD) by means of HRXRD This study explores the growth quality of a far-infrared asymmetric GaAs/Al0.15Ga0.85As quantum Bragg mirror detector (QBMD) targeting an optical absorption of 111 meV. The sample was grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and characterized through high-resolution x-ray diffraction (HRXRD) to evaluate the influence of structural disorder on the HRXRD spectrum. Experimental HRXRD results were compared with simulated diffraction spectra, revealing that, despite thickness fluctuations of up to two monolayers in the quantum wells and barriers of the active region, the growth quality of the QBMD was excellent. By considering the “worst-case scenario”—in which all the layers are increased or decreased by exactly two monolayers—the impact on the optical transition is less than 5%. Detector ; Physics ; Optics ; Quantum ; Bragg's law ; Optoelectronics ; Materials science ; Diffraction ; Quantum mechanics Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Advanced Sensor Technologies Research ; Optical Systems and Laser Technology
Authors: Amirmasood Bagheri | Zahra Rahimian Omam | Pei Xiao | Seyed Ehsan Hosseininejad | Mohsen Khalily
Source: iScience (article, 2025-04-28)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Compact waveguide-integrated metasurface twist with filtering and phase shifting capabilities for millimeter-wave guided-wave applications Recent advancements in metasurfaces have enabled precise control of wave properties such as amplitude, phase, and polarization, which are critical for multifunctional devices in modern communications. While most metasurfaces are designed for free-space use, this work integrates metasurfaces within waveguides to enable guided-wave control. We introduce a compact waveguide-integrated metasurface twist that achieves polarization rotation, bandpass filtering, and phase shifting. The metasurface comprises a <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:math> array of dog bone-shaped resonators and orthogonal gratings. Positioned between two rectangular waveguides with a <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>90</mml:mn> <mml:mo>°</mml:mo></mml:mrow> </mml:math> twist, it allows precise tuning of wave properties. A fabricated prototype operating in the 26.6-29 GHz band shows an average insertion loss of 0.6 dB and a minimum of 0.34 dB at 28 GHz. This work demonstrates a compact, high-performance solution for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) guided-wave systems with a device thickness of only <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0.16</mml:mn> <mml:msub><mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Extremely high frequency ; Twist ; Waveguide ; Millimeter ; Phase (matter) ; Optics ; Physics ; Optoelectronics ; Materials science Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Microwave Engineering and Waveguides
Authors: Daniel Nieder | Isli Çela | Željko Janićijević | Xinne Zhao | Larysa Baraban
Source: Small Methods (article, 2025-12-18)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Dual‐function, Reusable, and Flexible Thermal Interface for Kinetic Monitoring of In Vitro Bioassays Kinetic monitoring in life sciences is predominantly performed using contactless optical techniques. Miniaturized electronic sensing alternatives typically require direct contact with the sample. We introduce a dual-function thermal actuator/sensor that uniquely combines microwell-independent temperature control of a modified microplate and simultaneous measurement of real-time changes in thermal effusivity, offering both electronic readout and contactless sensing. The performance is demonstrated by monitoring Escherichia coli (E. coli) growth and assessing the effect of cefotaxime (CTX) as a use-case application, benchmarking it against state-of-the-art optical techniques. By qualitative comparison of characteristic data features, we report that the thermal sensing modality showed an increased response signal compared to optical density (OD) measurements in interface-dominated processes, which can be observed under experimental conditions where metabolic or morphological adaptation happens in response to CTX. Additionally, we developed an autonomous full curve data analysis approach for modified Transient Plane Source (mTPS) data, offering high robustness and lower susceptibility to systematic errors and bias. Our technique emphasizes interface-dominant processes, thereby complementing the assessment of bulk properties obtained by traditional optical techniques. The developed thermal interface is reusable, highly integrable, low-cost, easy to use, non-contact, and label-free, offering a versatile platform for bioassay development and dynamic biological studies. Thermal ; Robustness (evolution) ; Interface (matter) ; Transient (computer programming) ; Kinetic energy ; Temperature measurement ; Bioassay ; In situ thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses ; Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications ; Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
Authors: Nabil Iqbal | Navonil Neogi
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-04-22)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Wilson lines with endpoints in 3d CFT In Abelian gauge theories with dynamical matter, Wilson lines can end on the insertions of charged fields. We study the endpoints of Wilson lines in large $N$ bosonic QED$_3$. at its critical point. We first study the stability of an infinite Wilson line in the $\mathbb{CP}^{N-1}$ model by computing the appropriate functional determinant at large $N$. We also compute the conformal dimension of the lowest-dimension endpoint of the line to first order in $N^{-1}$. Along the way we calculate the field-strength tensor $F_{μν}$ in the presence of the line with endpoint and discuss a state-operator correspondence for the endpoints, as well as the existence of an OPE that allows two open-ended Wilson lines to be glued together into a single line. Line (geometry) ; Conformal map ; Abelian group ; Tensor (intrinsic definition) ; Point (geometry) ; Dimension (graph theory) ; Gauge (firearms) Copper Interconnects and Reliability ; Material Properties and Processing ; Vibration and Dynamic Analysis
Authors: Aniruddha Deshpande | Jan Pusskeiler | Christian Prange | Uwe Rogge | Martin Dressel | Marc Scheffler
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2025-01-07)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Influence of growth parameters on the superconducting transition temperature in granular aluminum films This study investigates the influence of various growth parameters on normal-state resistivity and superconducting transition temperature Tc of granular aluminum films. Specifically, we focus on the effects of oxygen flow and aluminum evaporation rate during the growth process conducted at different substrate temperatures, from 300 K down to 25 K. We report systematic correlations between the growth conditions, the normal-state resistivity, and Tc. Furthermore our findings provide insights into optimizing the superconducting characteristics of granular aluminum. Superconductivity ; Condensed matter physics ; Aluminium ; Materials science ; Superconducting transition temperature ; Transition temperature ; Metallurgy ; Physics Solidification and crystal growth phenomena ; Theoretical and Computational Physics ; Superconducting Materials and Applications
Authors: Longchi Li | Fengxiang Qin | Zewen Su | Yan Li | Lihui Huang | Gongxun Bai | Liang Chen
Source: Nano Research (article, 2025-10-15)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Dual-interface energy transfer engineering in multilayer luminescent nanoparticles for multifunctional X-ray-induced photonic applications Dual-interface energy transfer multilayer nanoparticles hold great promise for X-ray photonic applications such as tumor therapy, information encryption, and high-resolution imaging due to their tunable multi-modal luminescence. However, current systems remain limited in interfacial structure construction, energy transfer efficiency, and energy regulation under multi-wavelength excitation. Here, we employ dual-interface energy transfer (IET) engineering to precisely construct a core-shell-shell architecture via ion layering and doping control, achieving dual-mode response to X-rays and 254 nm ultraviolet (UV) light. This strategy significantly enhances luminescence performance and demonstrates strong potential in multi-modal display, information encryption, and imaging, providing a new material platform for advanced photonic devices. Photonics ; Energy transfer ; Luminescence ; Nanoparticle ; Doping ; Ultraviolet ; Transfer printing Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties ; Photonic Crystals and Applications ; Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials
Authors: Witske Meyer | Tamba Jamiru | Lodewyk Willem Beneke | T. A. Adegbola
Source: Advances in Science and Technology – Research Journal (article, 2025-03-22)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

The effects of two-phase partial annealing on the impact energy absorption of AR400 steel This study aimed to evaluate whether the impact resistance of AR400 abrasion-resistant steel, known for its superior tribological properties and wear capabilities, could be enhanced through a two-phased partial annealing heat treatment process while maintaining material hardness and wear resistance.The hypothesis posited that successful heat treatment would improve the wear plate's combined impact and wear resistance, potentially enabling the use of thinner steel materials with comparable wear properties in traditional earth-moving machine wear packages.The study began by establishing the mechanical properties of control specimens through metallurgical analyses for baseline comparison.The Phase 1 heat treatment process involved heating specimens of three different material thicknesses to 1000 C for 20 minutes, followed by oil quenching, which reduced the martensitic content and fostered a predominantly bainitic phase dispersion.Phase 2 involved heating the specimens to 750 C for 20 minutes and rapidly quenching them in cool water.SEM analysis confirmed the bainitic dispersion and revealed that Phase 2 partial annealing only marginally influenced the phase dispersions established in Phase 1.The heat treatment significantly enhanced the materials' impact resistance and toughness but reduced hardness and brittleness.Material elongation nearly doubled across all thicknesses, indicating improved ductility, while Impact testing at -40 C demonstrated substantial increases in impact energy absorption.These findings suggest that while the two-phased partial annealing process holds promise, further refinement is needed to optimise the balance between impact resistance, ductility, tensile strength, and hardness. Materials science ; Annealing (glass) ; Metallurgy High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Fatigue and fracture mechanics ; Metal Forming Simulation Techniques
Authors: Manish Kumar | M. Kishore Babu | K. N. Krishna | Patan Salma | P. Manasa | M. C. Keerthi | P. Monica
Source: International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

A comprehensive review on RP-HPLC methodologies for combined quantification of selected drugs The co-administration of Sitagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, and Simvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, is widely used in the management of diabetic dyslipidaemia. Accurate and reproducible quantification of both drugs in combined tablet formulations is essential to ensure product quality and therapeutic efficacy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method development and validation strategies for the simultaneous estimation of Sitagliptin and Simvastatin in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Optimized chromatographic conditions were achieved using a C18 column with an acetonitrile–phosphate buffer mobile phase under isocratic elution. Detection was performed at a wavelength of 254–260 nm, with retention times around 3.2 minutes for Sitagliptin and 5.5–6.0 minutes for Simvastatin. The method was validated according to ICH Q2(R1) guidelines and exhibited excellent linearity (5–100 µg/mL, r² > 0.999), accuracy (98–102%), and precision (%RSD < 2%). Specificity tests confirmed the absence of interference from excipients, and the method demonstrated robustness and suitable sensitivity with low LOD and LOQ values. Forced degradation studies further confirmed the method’s stability-indicating capability, especially noting Simvastatin’s susceptibility to acidic and oxidative stress. This validated RP-HPLC method offers a reliable, efficient, and reproducible approach for the simultaneous determination of Sitagliptin and Simvastatin in routine quality control and regulatory analysis, supporting pharmaceutical development and compliance. Chromatography ; Computer science ; Chemistry Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Computational Drug Discovery Methods
Authors: Gabriel Guilloux | Maiko Kitaoka | Karel Mocaer | Claire Heichette | Laurence Duchesne | Rebecca Heald | Thierry Pécot | Romain Gibeaux
Source: BIO-PROTOCOL (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Fixation and Expansion Microscopy of &lt;em&gt;Xenopus&lt;/em&gt; Egg Extract Spindles In vitro systems based on <i>Xenopus</i> egg extracts have elucidated many aspects of spindle assembly. Still, numerous unknowns remain, particularly concerning the variation in spindle morphologies. The <i>X. laevis</i> and <i>X. tropicalis</i> egg extract systems, which recapitulate diverse spindle sizes and architectures, serve as ideal tools to investigate the regulation of spindle morphometrics. However, fully understanding spindle architectural differences is hindered by the spindle's size and high microtubule density. Indeed, classical fluorescence microscopy lacks the resolution to detail the organization of spindle microtubules, and although electron tomography can distinguish individual microtubules, segmenting thousands of microtubules and tracking them across dozens of sections remains an unachieved challenge. Therefore, we set out to apply expansion microscopy to the study of <i>Xenopus</i> egg extract spindles. During this process, we realized that optimizing spindle fixation as well was crucial to preserve microtubule integrity. Here, we present an optimized fixation and expansion microscopy protocol that enables the study of spindle architecture in egg extracts of both <i>X. laevis</i> and <i>X. tropicalis</i>. Our method retains the fluorescence of rhodamine tubulins added to the extracts and allows for both pre- and post-expansion immunofluorescence analysis. Key features • Expansion of optimally fixed spindle assembled from egg extracts of <i>X. leavis, X. tropicalis</i>, and possibly others. • Retains the fluorescence of the rhodamine-tubulin that copolymerizes with endogenous <i>Xenopus</i> tubulin within spindle microtubules, allowing their imaging without immunolabeling. • Compatible with both pre- and post-expansion immunolabeling to increase labeling possibilities. • Optimized spindle fixation that best preserves microtubule integrity for expansion and can also be used without expansion for regular immunofluorescence experiments. Xenopus ; Fixation (population genetics) ; Cell biology ; Microscopy ; Chemistry ; Biology ; Pathology ; Medicine ; Biochemistry Silk-based biomaterials and applications
Authors: Gnanaprakash Arumugam - | Rohit Jain -
Source: International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research (article, 2025-03-08)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Integrating Vapor Recovery System in Fuel Circuit Layout Study report describes unique way of integrating Vapor Recovery System in Internal Combustion Engine and Hybrid vehicles by eliminating conventional Vapor purge circuit from Canister to Engine. Introducing Vapor Recovery system in layout which converts Vapor to Liquid gasoline through forced convection method, which simplifies the complexity in Powertrain tuning. Computer science ; Environmental science ; Materials science Nuclear Materials and Properties ; Fuel Cells and Related Materials
Authors: Haifeng Xu | Jierong Cheng | Shanshan Zhao | Shengnan Guan | Fan Li | Xianghui Wang | Fan Fei | Shengjiang Chang
Source: Laser & Photonics Review (article, 2025-11-14)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Terahertz 4D Bessel Beam Steering and Near‐Field Communications by Cascaded Metasurfaces ABSTRACT Bessel beams, renowned for their non‐diffracting and self‐healing capabilities, are emerging as a compelling candidate for next‐generation wireless signal transmission, especially in near‐field terahertz systems. Bilayer dielectric metasurfaces with relative in‐plane rotation have been extensively explored for dynamic beam steering, offering advantages such as light weight, low power consumption, and large apertures. However, they still face challenges in controlling additional degrees of freedom beyond beam direction. Here, we propose a novel approach using three cascaded metasurfaces, each integrating multiple phase functions, to achieve 4D Bessel beam steering. By relative rotation among the three layers, we demonstrate independent control over non‐diffracting propagation distance, dynamic switching between 0th‐ and 1st‐order Bessel beams, 360° azimuthal scanning, and ±40° elevational scanning. Experimental results confirm the meta‐device's effectiveness in variable‐distance point‐to‐point near‐field wireless communications and the self‐healing properties. This advancement in multi‐dimensional modulation of Bessel beams is crucial for near‐field mobile communications with increased information capacity. Bessel beam ; Terahertz radiation ; Bessel function ; Beam (structure) ; Wireless ; Beam steering ; Modulation (music) ; Rotation (mathematics) ; Azimuth Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research
Authors: R. Cimrman
Source: Engineering Mechanics ... (article, 2025-05-14)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

Implementation of Block Preconditioners for Piezoelasticity in SfePy Motivated by the need to model 3D printed electroactive metamaterials, an approach is presented to improve the computational efficiency of the SfePy package for the simulation of structurally complex piezoelectric lattice-like structures.Enhancements to the iterative solver interface allow the use of state-of-the-art iterative solvers and Schur complement-based preconditioners.Their performance is illustrated by a numerical study where the convergence of the iterative solvers is observed for several levels of uniform mesh refinement. Block (permutation group theory) ; Computer science ; Mathematics ; Combinatorics Material Properties and Applications ; Silicone and Siloxane Chemistry ; Tribology and Wear Analysis
Authors: Taina Santos Damasio | Wagner Garcia Trindade | Gualtier Andersen Marques | Ederson Pereira Gomes Pinto | Marcio Costa Silva | Renan Andre Amorese | Gustavo Oliveira de Andrade | Raphael Oliveira Padovezzi | Paulo Henrique Tedardi do Nascimento
Source: Revista de Gestão e Secretariado (Management and Administrative Professional Review) (review, 2025-07-15)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Effects of Friction Stir Welding on the Properties and Microstructure of Binary Brasses: a Review This literature review aims to critically and thoroughly analyze the effects of friction stir welding (FSW) on the microstructural and mechanical properties of binary brasses. Through a comprehensive analysis of specialized literature, the main metallurgical mechanisms involved were discussed, including dynamic recrystallization, intermetallic compounds formation, and the evolution of microstructural gradients across the affected zones (Stir Zone, TMAZ, and HAZ). The influence of process parameters notably tool rotational speed, feed rate, axial force, and tool geometry, was directly correlated to the microstructural evolution and joint quality. Fracture modes and failure mechanisms were analyzed, highlighting that crack nucleation preferentially occurs in regions with severe hardness gradients and/or intermetallic presence. The comparison between similar and dissimilar joints revealed that the latter present significantly greater challenges, particularly related to the formation of continuous intermetallic layers and thermal asymmetry during processing. Finally, consolidated advances, persistent challenges, and prospects for developing technological solutions that ensure the structural integrity and mechanical performance of friction-stirred binary brass joints are discussed. Intermetallic ; Friction stir welding ; Dynamic recrystallization ; Materials science ; Brass ; Microstructure ; Nucleation ; Welding ; Recrystallization (geology) ; Metallurgy ; Coalescence (physics) ; Composite material ; Hot working ; Geology ; Thermodynamics ; Copper Metallurgy and Material Science ; Advanced Welding Techniques Analysis ; Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties