jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Linhan Yang | Lei Yang | Haoran Sun | Z.-C. Zhang | Haibin He | Fang Wan | Chaoyang Song | Jia Pan
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-06-20)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

One Fling to Goal: Environment-aware Dynamics for Goal-conditioned Fabric Flinging Fabric manipulation dynamically is commonly seen in manufacturing and domestic settings. While dynamically manipulating a fabric piece to reach a target state is highly efficient, this task presents considerable challenges due to the varying properties of different fabrics, complex dynamics when interacting with environments, and meeting required goal conditions. To address these challenges, we present \textit{One Fling to Goal}, an algorithm capable of handling fabric pieces with diverse shapes and physical properties across various scenarios. Our method learns a graph-based dynamics model equipped with environmental awareness. With this dynamics model, we devise a real-time controller to enable high-speed fabric manipulation in one attempt, requiring less than 3 seconds to finish the goal-conditioned task. We experimentally validate our method on a goal-conditioned manipulation task in five diverse scenarios. Our method significantly improves this goal-conditioned task, achieving an average error of 13.2mm in complex scenarios. Our method can be seamlessly transferred to real-world robotic systems and generalized to unseen scenarios in a zero-shot manner. Dynamics (music) ; Goal orientation ; Computer science ; Psychology ; Social psychology Textile materials and evaluations
Authors: Haonan Duan | Zhibin Ning | Ailing Zhang | Daniel Figeys
Source: PROTEOMICS (article, 2024-05-25)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Spectral entropy as a measure of the metaproteome complexity The diversity and complexity of the microbiome's genomic landscape are not always mirrored in its proteomic profile. Despite the anticipated proteomic diversity, observed complexities of microbiome samples are often lower than expected. Two main factors contribute to this discrepancy: limitations in mass spectrometry's detection sensitivity and bioinformatics challenges in metaproteomics identification. This study introduces a novel approach to evaluating sample complexity directly at the full mass spectrum (MS1) level rather than relying on peptide identifications. When analyzing under identical mass spectrometry conditions, microbiome samples displayed significantly higher complexity, as evidenced by the spectral entropy and peptide candidate entropy, compared to single-species samples. The research provides solid evidence for the complexity of microbiome in proteomics indicating the optimization potential of the bioinformatics workflow. Computational biology ; Microbiome ; Metaproteomics ; Proteomics ; Workflow ; Proteogenomics ; Biology ; Mass spectrometry ; Entropy (arrow of time) ; Computer science ; Bioinformatics ; Chemistry ; Genomics ; Genetics ; Chromatography ; Genome ; Physics ; Gene Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
Authors: Sercan Yıldırım
Source: Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi (article, 2024-08-13)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

DEVELOPMENT OF A GREEN HPLC METHOD USING ETHANOL IN THE MOBILE PHASE COMPOSITION FOR THE DETERMINATION OF SODIUM BENZOATE AND POTASSIUM SORBATE IN BEVERAGES Objective: This work aims to develop a novel and green high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for determining sodium benzoate (Na-BZT) and potassium sorbate (K-SBT) in beverages using ethanol as an environmentally friendly solvent in the mobile phase. Material and Method: The chromatographic parameters were optimized using the Box-Behnken design. Validation studies were carried out in accordance with international guidelines. Result and Discussion: The developed method displayed high accuracy (98.54-106.3%), precision (RSD≤5%), and specificity, with a total run time of 7 minutes. The limit of detection values for Na-BZT and K-SBT were 0.06 and 0.14 µg/ml, respectively. The use of ethanol, a less toxic solvent, minimized environmental impact compared to traditional solvents. The method's applicability was confirmed by analyzing ten different beverage samples. The results demonstrate the potential for broader application of ethanol-based HPLC methods in the beverage industry. High-performance liquid chromatography ; Ethanol ; Solvent ; Chemistry ; Chromatography ; Potassium sorbate ; Sodium benzoate ; Potassium ; Ethanol content ; Sodium ; Environmentally friendly ; Food science ; Organic chemistry Dye analysis and toxicity ; Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
Authors: Zhiqiang Wei | Yafei Huang | Lijun He | Fei Qian
Source: Discover Applied Sciences (article, 2024-11-01)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

High quality factor refractive index sensor based on double-sided all-dielectric two-dimensional grating This paper presents a symmetric all-dielectric two-dimensional grating with high transmittance and high figure of merit based on cylindrical nanoarrays as a liquid sensing structure with small volume and high sensitivity. The device is optimized using the finite element method to calculate the transmissivity under TE/TM polarization. When the incident angle is 4 degrees, the transmissivity of the grating is nearly 1 with a full width at half maximum of 0.016 nm and a sensitivity of 256.2 nm/RIU. The high figure of merit is 16214.936, and the corresponding quality factor can reach 56572.438. The sensor characteristics of the incident angle on the device are analyzed, and the normalized electric field distribution indicates that the change of the incident angle has a significant modulation ability for the resonance energy distribution. The proposed sensor is independent of polarization state, easy to control and integrate, and has broad application prospects in fields such as liquid solution detection, ocean surveys, and position sensing. Refractive index ; Materials science ; Quality (philosophy) ; Grating ; Dielectric ; Index (typography) ; Optoelectronics ; Optics ; Physics ; Computer science Optical Coatings and Gratings ; Photonic and Optical Devices ; Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
Authors: Fernanda Cardoso de Faria | Aloı́sio Leoni Schmid | Isabela Pagani Heringer de Miranda
Source: Architecture Civil Engineering Environment (article, 2024-03-01)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Abrasion Resistance of Paints Made with Curcumin Pigment and PVA Resin Abstract Polyvinyl acetate (PVA) polymer resins are commonly used in the manufacture of artisanal paints with natural inputs, giving them the classification of economic latex paint according to NBR 11702. Aiming to minimize the final cost, since PVA is the most expensive component, this study contributes to the area of building paints through the innovative idea of formulating paints with PVA resin, curcumin pigment extracted from the root of Curcuma Longa L ., color preservative additives and bacterides, in order to find the appropriate proportions capable of reaching the minimum limit of resistance to abrasion, so that the paint is considered to have good performance according to technical standards. Furthermore, the present study analyzed the variation in the characteristics of the paints based on the variation in the amount of PVA in the mixtures. The results indicate that the addition of PVA at extreme levels reduces the abrasion resistance and viscosity of the mixtures. Statistical analysis obtained satisfactory results when PVA made up 33% of the emulsion. With the positive results, the present intention is to begin research in the area of building paints made with curcumin pigment and PVA as a binder. Abrasion (mechanical) ; Pigment ; Curcumin ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry Pigment Synthesis and Properties ; Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
Authors: Mirna Rahmah Lubis | Fachrul Razi | Tasha Salsabilla | Kausar Kausar | Fezi Rizky Husein
Source: ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia (article, 2024-03-30)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Effect of Adhesive-Particle Ratio and Avocado Seed Filler on the Characteristics of Particleboard Made from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches &lt;p&gt;Conservation efforts in Indonesian forests have become a development priority crucial for maintaining ecosystem balance, coupled with the endeavor to preserve the judicious use of wood. The demand for wood increases with its development, but its diminishing availability poses challenges for the industry. Efforts to reduce this impact involve finding environmentally friendly solutions, namely by utilizing waste to create new products. Therefore, this study focuses on reprocessing oil palm fruit bunches into particleboard using polyvinyl acetate and dibutyl phthalate as adhesives. The variables studied include the adhesive/particle ratio and the percentage of avocado seed filler. The resulting composite was tested for modulus of rupture, moisture content, modulus of elasticity, thickness swelling, density, and tensile strength. These results show that particleboard with an adhesive/particle ratio of 1.6 and 2% avocado seeds can enhance modulus of rupture, thickness swelling, moisture content, and density under the SNI 03- 2105-2006 standard.&lt;/p&gt; Adhesive ; Palm oil ; Bunches ; Filler (materials) ; Palm ; Horticulture ; Particle (ecology) ; Composite material ; Materials science ; Botany ; Food science ; Chemistry ; Biology ; Engineering ; Physics ; Structural engineering ; Ecology Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Wood Treatment and Properties ; Agricultural and Environmental Management
Authors: Ankit Gupta | W.A. Curtin
Source: Mechanics of Materials (article, 2024-04-13)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Efficient atomistic/continuum coupling using lattice Green’s functions Coupled Atomistic/Continuum (A/C) simulation methods significantly reduce the number of degrees of freedom in the solution of a boundary value problem by using continuum elasticity in domains where defects interact elastically. A/C coupling involves two boundaries: (a) an inner boundary that connects the atomistic and continuum domain and (b) an outer boundary where displacement or force boundary conditions are applied. Here, the lattice Green’s function (LGF)–based flexible boundary condition method is combined with the LGF-based discrete boundary element method to satisfy coupling and boundary conditions at the inner and outer boundaries, respectively, of 3D domains. The coupling algorithms for Dirichlet boundary conditions are presented, with other cases being similar. The LGF is further replaced by a more efficient coarsened LGF method that coarsens the atomistic degrees of freedom at the outer boundary. The scaling of memory and computation versus 3D size and degree of coarsening are discussed. The method and its accuracy are demonstrated using a large 2D problem involving applied forces inside the atomistic domain. • Green’s function-based method for large 3D atomistic/continuum boundary value problems. • Validation of coupled method using simple reference problems. • Computational and memory scaling for application in 3D problems. Boundary value problem ; Boundary element method ; Lattice (music) ; Scaling ; Computation ; Materials science ; Physics ; Mathematical analysis ; Statistical physics ; Finite element method ; Classical mechanics ; Mathematics ; Geometry ; Thermodynamics ; Algorithm Microstructure and mechanical properties ; Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications ; Composite Material Mechanics
Authors: Matthias Rosenkranz | Eric J. Brunner | Gabriel Marin-Sanchez | Nathan Fitzpatrick | Silas Dilkes | Yao Tang | Yuta Kikuchi | Marcello Benedetti
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-05-31)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Quantum state preparation for multivariate functions A fundamental step of any quantum algorithm is the preparation of qubit registers in a suitable initial state. Often qubit registers represent a discretization of continuous variables and the initial state is defined by a multivariate function. We develop protocols for preparing quantum states whose amplitudes encode multivariate functions by linearly combining block-encodings of Fourier and Chebyshev basis functions. Without relying on arithmetic circuits, quantum Fourier transforms, or multivariate quantum signal processing, our algorithms are simpler and more effective than previous proposals. We analyze requirements both asymptotically and pragmatically in terms of near/medium-term resources. Numerically, we prepare bivariate Student's t-distributions, 2D Ricker wavelets and electron wavefunctions in a 3D Coulomb potential, which are initial states with potential applications in finance, physics and chemistry simulations. Finally, we prepare bivariate Gaussian distributions on the Quantinuum H2-1 trapped-ion quantum processor using 24 qubits and up to 237 two-qubit gates. Multivariate statistics ; State (computer science) ; Multivariate analysis ; Mathematics ; Statistical physics ; Physics ; Statistics ; Algorithm History and advancements in chemistry
Authors: Nur Hasna | Endang Widiastuti | I. Agusetyaningsih | E. C. Wulandari | Retno Murwani | Turrini Yudiarti | Tri Agus Sartono | Sugiharto Sugiharto | H. I. Wahyuni
Source: Tropical Animal Science Journal (article, 2024-06-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Dietary Supplementation of Spirulina platensis as a Substitute for Antibiotics in Arab Chicken (Gallus turcicus) This study was conducted to determine the effect of adding Spirulina platensis to replace zinc bacitracin on performance, egg quality, blood profile, total gut bacteria, and liver histopathology of local indigenous Arab chicken (Gallus turcicus). One hundred and eight 28-week-old laying hens were distributed randomly to three treatments: T0 (control diet), T1 (T0 + 1% S. platensis), and T2 (T0 + 0.04% zinc bacitracin). The treatment was applied for 49 days. S. platensis and zinc bacitracin decreased feed intake (p&lt;0.05), but the egg mass had no significant effect; this provides a good improvement in feed conversion ratio (p&lt;0.05). S. platensis helped maintain persistent egg production (p&lt;0.05). S. platensis and zinc bacitracin provided the best results on haugh unit (p&lt;0.05). S. platensis increased the yolk score (p&lt;0.05). Zinc bacitracin decreased erythrocytes (p&lt;0.05) but was not significantly different from S. platensis. S. platensis and zinc bacitracin increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (p&lt;0.05). Blood chemical profile and total gut bacteria were not affected by the treatments. S. platensis was the best at maintaining liver’s health (p&lt;0.05). This research concludes that S. platensis can efficiently optimize feed consumption, enhance performance, maintain egg quality, and protect the liver damage of Arab chicken. Therefore, S. platensis could be considered to replace the use of antibiotics. Spirulina (dietary supplement) ; Bacitracin ; Yolk ; Food science ; Antibiotics ; Animal science ; Biology ; Zinc ; Completely randomized design ; Feed conversion ratio ; Body weight ; Microbiology ; Chemistry ; Endocrinology Chromatography in Natural Products ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Omar Nibouche | Fayas Asharindavida | Hui Wang | Jordan Vincent | Jun Liu | Saskia M. van Ruth | Paul Maguire | Enayetur Rahman
Source: Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems (article, 2024-05-04)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

A new sub-class linear discriminant for miniature spectrometer based food analysis The well-known and extensively studied Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) can have its performance lowered in scenarios where data is not homoscedastic or not Gaussian. That is, the classical assumptions when LDA models are built are not applicable, and consequently LDA projections would not be able to extract the needed features to explain the intrinsic structure of data and for classes to be separated. As with many real word data sets, data obtained using miniature spectrometers can suffer from such drawbacks which would limit the deployment of such technology needed for food analysis. The solution presented in the paper is to divide classes into subclasses and to use means of sub classes, classes, and data in the suggested between classes scatter metric. Further, samples belonging to the same subclass are used to build a measure of within subclass scatterness. Such a solution solves the shortcoming of the classical LDA. The obtained results when using the proposed solution on food data and on general machine learning datasets show that the work in this paper compares well to and is very competitive with similar sub-class LDA algorithms in the literature. An extension to a Hilbert space is also presented; and the kernel version of the presented solution can be fused with its linear counter parts to yield improved classification rates. Linear discriminant analysis ; Homoscedasticity ; Discriminative model ; Measure (data warehouse) ; Metric (unit) ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Limit (mathematics) ; Mathematics ; Class (philosophy) ; Support vector machine ; Machine learning ; Data mining ; Heteroscedasticity Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies ; Identification and Quantification in Food
Authors: Zohre Mostafaei | Mohammad Aboonajmi
Source: e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing (article, 2024-11-20)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Data Fusion Approaches for Authenticating and Evaluating Quality of Food and Beverages The increasing interest of customers in the safety, authenticity and quality of food products has led to greater attention being paid to the nondestructive methods used to check them. In recent years, fast and reliable sensing and spectroscopic, together with multivariate and multipath chemometrics, have improved the entire control process by reducing analysis time and providing more informative results. As more and better data become available, combining the outputs of different instrumental methods has emerged as a way to increase the reliability of nondestructive food classification or prediction compared to using a single analytical method. While promising results have been obtained in the authentication and quality assessment of food and beverages, the integration of data from multiple techniques poses a significant challenge for chemometrics. This paper provides a general overview of data integration techniques that have been used in the field of food and beverage authentication and quality assessment. Chemometrics ; Quality (philosophy) ; Computer science ; Authentication (law) ; Reliability (semiconductor) ; Food quality ; Food safety ; Unexploded ordnance ; Food products ; Data mining ; Risk analysis (engineering) ; Machine learning ; Remote sensing ; Computer security ; Food science ; Geography ; Business Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies ; Identification and Quantification in Food
Authors: Diego Gómez | Pablo Salvador | Juan Fernando Rodrigo | Jorge Gil
Source: Plants (article, 2024-12-07)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Detecting Sensitive Spectral Bands and Vegetation Indices for Potato Yield Using Handheld Spectroradiometer Data Remote sensing is a valuable tool in precision agriculture due to its spatial and temporal coverage, non-destructive method of data collection, and cost-effectiveness. In this study, we measured the canopy reflectance of potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.) crops on a plant-by-plant basis with a handheld spectrometer instrument. Our study pursues two primary objectives: (1) determining the optimal temporal aggregation for measuring canopy signals related to potato yield and (2) identifying the best spectral bands in the 350-2500 nm domain and vegetation indices. The study was conducted over two consecutive years (2020 and 2021) with 60 plants per plot, encompassing six potato varieties and three replicates annually throughout the growth season. Employing correlation analysis and dimensionality reduction, we identified 23 independent features significantly correlated with tuber yield. We used multiple linear regression analysis to model the relationship between the selected features and yield and to compare their influence in the fitted model. We used the Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation (LOOCV) method to assess the validity of the model (RMSE = 702 g and %RMSE = 29.2%). The most significant features included the Gitelson2 and Vogelmann indices. The optimal time period for measurements was determined to be from 56 to 100 days after planting. These findings may contribute to the advancement of precision farming by proposing tailored sensor applications, paving the way for improved agricultural practices and enhanced food security. Spectroradiometer ; Yield (engineering) ; Remote sensing ; Environmental science ; Vegetation Index ; Vegetation (pathology) ; Mobile device ; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ; Agronomy ; Materials science ; Computer science ; Geography ; Leaf area index ; Optics ; Reflectivity ; Medicine ; Biology ; Physics ; World Wide Web Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis ; Remote Sensing in Agriculture
Authors: Raoul‐Amadeus Lorbeer | M. Bittner | Oliver Kliebisch | Peter Mahnke
Source: IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Pressure Detection With Mach–Zehnder Linearized Tunable Diode-Laser Absorption Spectroscopy Tunable diode-laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) sensors have shown to be applicable to, e.g., temperature and pressure measurements in gases. These parameters are indispensable in modern avionics. Even though these systems performed well in laboratory or closed environments, the harsh conditions of avionic flight introduce sources of error. To cope with these challenges, altered variants of the classical direct TDLAS may be taken into consideration. Here, we investigate the differences between an all fiber direct TDLAS and a Mach-Zehnder-based amplitude modulated TDLAS variant. We are able to demonstrate the increased noise immunity of the amplitude modulated system as well as the use of the oxygen A-band for the use as an optical pressure detector. Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy ; Mach–Zehnder interferometer ; Materials science ; Spectroscopy ; Diode ; Absorption spectroscopy ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Optics ; Laser ; Optoelectronics ; Ultrafast laser spectroscopy ; Physics ; Interferometry Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Laser Design and Applications ; Analytical Chemistry and Sensors