jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Gerardo Urrutia | Agnieszka Janiuk | Héctor Olivares
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-07-14)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Numerical simulations of jet launching and breakout from collapsars Long Gamma-Ray Bursts (LGRBs) are often associated with the collapse of stripped-envelope massive stars. Powerful relativistic jets drill through the stellar envelope before the gamma emission. Previous hydrodynamical studies imposed jets artificially, neglecting accretion dynamics, while the central engine simulations have reproduced jet launching via the Blandford-Znajek mechanism focusing on the inner core regions. However, both the central engine and the progenitor structure are crucial to determining the jet's evolution. In this study, we present axisymmetric (2.5-D) GRMHD simulations that self-consistently follow jet formation from the black-hole horizon to breakout at the stellar surface ($R_\star \sim 10^{10}$~cm). The setup assumes a Kerr black hole with spin $a \sim 0.9$ in the centre of three progenitor models, varying the magnetic-field strength and geometry. Relativistic jets are successfully launched by a strong dipolar magnetic field ($B_0 \gtrsim 10^{12}$-$10^{14}$~G) from magnetically arrested disks. These jets, initially magnetically dominated, convert energy into thermal and kinetic during their propagation. We found breakout times within $1.8 \lesssim t_{\rm bo} \lesssim 3.5$~s and luminosities $L_j \sim 5\times10^{49}-7\times10^{52}$~erg\,s$^{-1}$. Our results highlight the role of the initial magnetic field strength and its geometry, emphasizing the progenitor's density distribution as a key factor impacting the final structure and dynamics of LGRB jets. Breakout ; Jet (fluid) ; Accretion (finance) ; Astrophysical jet ; Magnetic field ; RADIUS ; Magnetohydrodynamics ; Thermal ; Rotational symmetry High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Structural Response to Dynamic Loads
Authors: Andrew T. Rajczewski | Subina Mehta | Reid Wagner | Wassim Gabriel | James E. Johnson | Katherine Do | Simina Vintila | Mathias Wilhelm | Manuel Kleiner | Brian C. Searle | Timothy J. Griffin | Pratik Jagtap
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2025-05-20)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Comparative Performance of Scribe and Database Search Engines in Metaproteomic Profiling of a Ground-Truth Microbiome Dataset Mass spectrometry-based metaproteomics, the identification and quantification of thousands of proteins expressed by complex microbial communities, has become pivotal for unraveling functional interactions within microbiomes. However, metaproteomics data analysis encounters many challenges, including the search of tandem mass spectra against a protein sequence database using proteomics database search algorithms. We used a ground-truth dataset to assess a spectral library searching method against established database searching approaches. Mass spectrometry data collected by data-dependent acquisition (DDA-MS) was analyzed using database searching approaches (MaxQuant and FragPipe), as well as using Scribe with Prosit predicted spectral libraries. We used FASTA databases that included protein sequences from microbial species present in the ground-truth dataset along with background protein sequences, to estimate error rates and assess the effects on detection, peptide-spectral match quality, and quantification. Using the Scribe search engine resulted in more proteins detected at a 1% false discovery rate (FDR) compared to MaxQuant or FragPipe, while FragPipe detected more peptides verified by PepQuery. Scribe was able to detect more low-abundance proteins in the microbiome dataset and was more accurate in quantifying the microbial community composition. This research provides insights and guidance for metaproteomics researchers aiming to optimize results in their analysis of DDA-MS data. Benchmarking ; Metaproteomics ; Ground truth ; Microbiome ; Computer science ; Data mining ; Metagenomics ; Artificial intelligence ; Chemistry ; Biology ; Bioinformatics ; Business Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
Authors: Loso Judijanto
Source: Mimbar Sekolah Dasar (article, 2025-08-16)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Raising Public Awareness of the Benefits of Palm Oil: Tackling Negative Campaigns Starting with Elementary School Students Elementary school students' lack of understanding of the benefits of the palm oil industry and numerous negative campaigns. The urgency of researching how to increase students' awareness and knowledge of the economic, social, and environmental benefits of palm oil. The aim is to identify effective strategies in increasing understanding and positive perceptions of the palm oil industry. The research approach is quantitative, survey type. The sample amounted to 240 sixth grade students who were randomly selected. The data collection technique was a questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed, validated by measuring students' knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions with a Likert scale. The data analysis technique used descriptive statistics with the help of SPSS Version 29.0. The results found a significant increase in students' knowledge and positive values after implementing educational strategies with field trips, explanations of benefits and group discussions. Explaining the benefits of the palm oil industry to students with the help of media can reduce negative impressions. In conclusion, the integration of palm oil material into the school curriculum significantly helps students understand the benefits of the palm oil industry. The implications of this research have an impact on the younger generation in the future. Palm oil ; Data collection ; Curriculum ; Descriptive statistics ; Sample (material) ; Likert scale ; Perception ; Consumer awareness Coconut Research and Applications ; Oil Palm Production and Sustainability
Authors: Yidan Hu | Jiawen Yu | Zhaoyu Zhang | Xuanrui Zhang | Junhao Li | Roberto Ottoboni
Source: High Voltage (article, 2025-11-26)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Development of an Electromagnetic‐Thermal Circuit Model for Single‐Phase Three‐Limb Transformers ABSTRACT Analysing the heat states of transformers under DC bias requires careful consideration of their own structural and material characteristics. Although the 3D finite element method (FEM) is a reliable way of simulating all the details of transformers, it may be time‐consuming or have encountered convergence difficulties due to the complex internal structure of the transformer. To address the issues, this paper proposes a fast calculation model for estimating the top‐oil temperature rise and the winding hotspot temperature rise of single‐phase three‐limb transformers under DC bias. This model is based on the coupling principle of electric circuits, magnetic circuits and thermal circuits, and it considers the winding loss and core loss of the transformer under DC bias as key factors linking electromagnetic and thermal effects. All the model parameters can be obtained from nameplate data and regular test data to ensure the method's engineering practicality. The results were compared with 3D FEM, demonstrating favourable performance in terms of computational speed and availability. Transformer ; Finite element method ; Electromagnetic coil ; Magnetic core ; DC bias ; Distribution transformer ; Electronic circuit ; Magnetic circuit Magnetic Properties and Applications ; Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation ; Advanced Electrical Measurement Techniques
Authors: Universiti Malaysia Sabah | Zengdong Tan | Hsein‐Loong Au | Kit Guan Lim | Kenneth Tze Kin Teo | Rayner Alfred | Mohammad Tamrin Mohamad Lal | Rossita Shapawi | Leong‐Seng Lim
Source: Journal of Sustainability Science and Management (article, 2025-02-28)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

APPLICATION OF FEEDING MACHINES IN EPINEPHELINAE GROUPERS GROW-OUT CULTURE: A BRIEF OVERVIEW Epinephelinae groupers are an important aquaculture species in many countries, especially in Asia. However, high feed cost has been commonly known to be a major constraint in groupers production. Appropriate feeding management is an important strategy to reduce the feed cost in grouper farming by minimising feed waste. Nevertheless, requirements by groupers juveniles such as daily feeding, frequent feeding, appropriate food ration estimation, and feeding beyond the routine working hours of the human to suit the fish feeding rhythm are hard to achieve through conventional manual hand-feeding by labour. Therefore, machine feeding is necessary for groupers grow-out farming. This study provided an overview of the applications of machine feeders in groupers grow-out culture. The applicability of this practice and future research for the way forward to improve the currently available machine feeding systems in groupers cultures were also discussed. Fishery ; Biology Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Meng Xiangguang | Bin Cao | Xiaobo Meng | Liming Wang
Source: Journal of Physics D Applied Physics (article, 2025-12-10)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Breakdown mechanism of internal cracks in porcelain materials Abstract Alumina-based porcelain insulators are widely used in power systems and have become one of the most essential insulating materials in the grid. However, the issue of zero-value insulators—those that have lost their insulating function—remains a major challenge, posing serious risks to the safe and stable operation of power systems. The formation of zero-value insulators is closely linked to the presence of internal cracks within the ceramic body. In this study, the influence of internal cracks on the power frequency breakdown voltage of alumina ceramics is investigated. Simulated crack configurations of varying lengths and bending geometries were analyzed to examine their effect on breakdown behavior. The results show that the breakdown voltage decreases progressively with increasing air-gap length within the crack. In contrast, the degree of crack bending has minimal impact on breakdown voltage. Overall, the breakdown voltage is determined primarily by the total air path length, rather than the shape of the crack. These findings provide important insights for understanding failure mechanisms in porcelain insulators and guiding the identification and prevention of zero-value degradation. Bending ; Breakdown voltage ; Ceramic ; Dielectric strength ; Failure mechanism ; Electric breakdown ; Fracture (geology) High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation ; Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies
Authors: K. Lugue | Cristián J. Monaco | Laura Benestan | E. Vigouroux | Manaarii Sham Koua | Jérémie Vidal‐Dupiol | guillaume Mitta | Jérémy Le Luyer
Source:  (preprint, 2025-07-26)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Embryonic hormetic priming modulates later-life thermal tolerance Understanding the mechanisms explaining thermal tolerance variation is crucial for predicting the impact of climate change on ectotherms, especially those living near their upper thermal limits. Among the various forms of plasticity, developmental pla Hormesis ; Embryonic stem cell ; Priming (agriculture) ; Cell biology ; Biology ; Neuroscience ; Genetics ; Endocrinology ; Gene ; Botany Thermal properties of materials ; Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
Authors: Akash Bahai | He Wang | Pritesh Jain | Lucas D. Ward | Alexander Boychenko | Zhihao Ding | James W. Frederiksen | Joanne Ngeow | Jimmy Lee | Elio Ríboli | Jianjun Liu | Sebastian Maurer‐Stroh | Enrico Petretto | Ching‐Yu Cheng | Bernett Lee | Saumya Shekhar Jamuar | Nicolas Bertin | Claire Bellis | Max Lam | Weiling Zheng | Xueling Sim | Patrick Tan | John C. Chambers | Nilanjana Sadhu
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2025-10-24)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

High-throughput plasma proteomic platforms: Insights from a multi-ethnic Asian cohort Abstract We compared three leading affinity-based and mass-spectrometry-based proteomic platforms (SomaScan11K, Olink Explore HT, Orbitrap Astral with Seer Proteograph [MS-Seer]) in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort, to inform biomarker discovery and functional genomic studies of global populations. We found limited overlap (1,740 proteins) across the three platforms, with modest correlations (0.34-0.10). SomaScan had lower missingness (&lt;1%) and CV (&lt;10%), compared to Olink (51%, 23%) and MS-Seer (12%, 19%). The new assays in Olink Explore HT (absent in Explore3072) primarily drove its higher missingness and CV. The number of phenotypic associations varied by trait, while the number of genetic associations ( cis- pQTLs at P&lt;5e-08) were similar for Olink and SomaScan. Protein levels differed between ethnicities, with SomaScan identifying more ethnicity-differentiated proteins than Olink (FDR&lt;0.05). Finally, SomaScan ANML normalization attenuated biologically relevant associations in our study. These findings underscore the importance of platform evaluation and data normalization strategies for application in large-scale, diverse population cohorts. Normalization (sociology) ; Missing data ; Biomarker ; Population ; Biobank ; Cohort ; Biomarker discovery ; Genetic data ; Multiple comparisons problem ; Phenotype Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Advanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications
Authors: Dip Das | Salin Asfi | Rezwan us Saleheen | Mohammad Bellal Hoque | Md. Mostafizur Rahman | Badhon Baria
Source: Journal of Engineering Advancements (article, 2025-03-27)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Analysis of Production Loss to Enhance the Productivity of a Knitting Floor This research investigates numerous approaches for improving the productivity of a particular knitting floor. There are numerous reasons to pursue an immediate reduction in inefficiencies on knitting floors. Several perceptions were implemented to unveil the disputes for initiating an optimum solution for the floor during knitting. Therefore, ten selected machines have been employed with an Adiabatic Cooling System for scrutinizing a comprehensive production efficiency analysis. Hence an equilibrium of both temperature and humidity was achieved on the floor, restraining minimal dust by spraying micro droplets of water. Neither of the mechanisms subsidized the production efficiency between 12% and 17%, which was lower than the esteemed level taken at the maximum time. Consequently, the plant began to receive 2% to 5% more production than usual once the mentioned methods were implemented gradually. Thus, it reduced the yarn breakage preserving humidity and temperature in a synchronized state. Meanwhile, a foremost response has been achieved by reducing the flying dust. Furthermore, the environment of the knitting floor, routine machine maintenance, and the strain on the machine operator all have vital contributions. Production (economics) ; Productivity ; Business ; Computer science ; Operations management ; Engineering ; Economics ; Microeconomics ; Economic growth Textile materials and evaluations
Authors: Lily Yang
Source: Precision Nanomedicine (article, 2025-11-19)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Advances and Challenges in Tumor- and Stroma-Targeted Theranostic Nanoparticles for Treating Therapy-Resistant Cancer Emerging nanomedicine strategies, particularly theranostic nanoparticles integrating imaging and therapeutic capabilities, have been developed to overcome stromal barriers, improve drug penetration, and enable real-time monitoring of treatment response. Here, we summarize several approaches developed in our group on the production and evaluation of tumor and stroma co-targeted theranostic nanoparticles. We will discuss rationales for target/ligand selection and highlight examples of preclinical studies and the potential applications for precision oncology to improve the outcome of treatment of therapy-resistant human cancers. Nanomedicine ; Cancer ; Cancer treatment ; Drug delivery ; Cancer imaging ; Stromal cell ; Cancer therapy Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
Authors: Hongjie Dong | Xiaoming Wang
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-04-24)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Sharp Material Interface Limit of the Darcy-Boussinesq System We investigate the sharp material interface limit of the Darcy-Boussinesq model for convection in layered porous media with diffused material interfaces, which allow a gradual transition of material parameters between different layers. We demonstrate that as the thickness of these transition layers approaches zero, the conventional sharp interface model with interfacial boundary conditions, commonly adopted by the fluids community, is recovered under the assumption of constant porosity. Our results validate the widely used sharp interface model by bridging it with the more physically realistic case of diffused material interfaces. This limiting process is singular and involves a boundary layer in the velocity field. Our analysis requires del Limit (mathematics) ; Interface model ; Porous medium ; Limiting ; Boundary value problem ; Convection ; Interface (matter) ; Constant (computer programming) Solidification and crystal growth phenomena ; Navier-Stokes equation solutions ; Fluid Dynamics and Thin Films
Authors: Anjali Pathak
Source: International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (article, 2025-07-10)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Advanced Ternary Addition Circuits Leveraging Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors This work introduces new ternary addition circuits realized in terms of "carbon nanotube field-effect transistors" (CNFETs). These designs take advantage of the characteristic features of CNFETs to gain significant improvements in device numbers, power dissipation, and computation time over traditional CMOS-based ternary adders. Three different CNFET-based ternary adder architectures are introduced: a basic design, an optimized design leveraging the multiple threshold voltages and the ability to realize complex ternary functions using fewer transistors in CNFETs, and a high-performance design employing a novel ternary logic family called CNFET Ternary Logic(CTL).The proposed designs are extensively simulated and analyzed using a 32nm CNFET SPICE model. The results demonstrate up to a 58% reduction in transistor count, 68% lower power consumption, and 1.8X faster computation than state-of-the-art CMOS ternary adders. The pros and cons of CNFET based multi valued logic (MVL) design are discussed and could prove helpful in future research in this domain. It provides a ray of hope that CNFET technology has the potential to create performance and energy-efficient MVL circuits, which in turn facilitates the creation of advanced ternary arithmetic units and computing systems. Ternary operation ; Carbon nanotube field-effect transistor ; Carbon nanotube ; Materials science ; Field-effect transistor ; Electronic circuit ; Transistor ; Nanotechnology ; Optoelectronics ; Computer science ; Electrical engineering ; Engineering ; Voltage Carbon Nanotubes in Composites ; Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata
Authors: Mauricio Castellanos | Yesid Javier Rueda Ordóñez | Ariel René Carreño Olejua
Source: Encuentro Internacional de Educación en Ingeniería (article, 2025-09-08)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Equipo experimental para el estudio y modelado de procesos agroindustriales orientados a la deshidratación de alimentos La implementación de procesos alternativos de poscosecha agroindustrial concebidos para el mejoramiento de la calidad, la extensión de la vida útil, o la reducción del consumo de energía va de la mano del estudio, caracterización y evaluación de los efectos en múltiples propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas del producto de interés. Los enfoques netamente experimentales para cumplir con este último propósito pueden resultar extremadamente demandantes en términos de tiempo y recursos materiales, de modo que las herramientas matemáticas y computacionales para la simulación y control de procesos agroindustriales revisten particular importancia, especialmente cuando se articulan convenientemente con resultados experimentales obtenidos a partir de dispositivos de laboratorio diseñados para su validación. Este trabajo presenta los resultados obtenidos en el desarrollo de una unidad de secado diseñada como herramienta para el estudio científico y el modelado matemático-computacional de procesos de deshidratación de productos de las cadenas agrícolas como el cacao y la guayaba, priorizados en la región de Santander (Colombia). Inicialmente, se discuten las generalidades de la metodología de diseño adoptado, fundamentado en el estado del arte de los fenómenos de deshidratación de materiales biológicos y en las características de los medios experimentales necesarios para la obtención de datos relevantes y confiables de las variables de interés. A partir del modelo conceptual de la herramienta desarrollada, se evalúan sus sistemas y componentes, y la forma en la cual se integran con las distintas configuraciones de trabajo. Lo anterior, dado que el dispositivo permite controlar múltiples factores asociados al secado de alimentos, tales como velocidad, temperatura y humedad de aire, así como la temperatura superficial de fuentes radiantes. De igual modo, teniendo en cuenta las estrategias de modelado y de caracterización de alimentos, se describen los sistemas de control, supervisión y adquisición de datos implementados que permiten hacer un seguimiento de temperaturas de muestras, temperaturas de superficies de interés, humedad relativa del aire y peso de muestras. Por otra parte, se describen las herramientas informáticas especializadas para la configuración de las bases de datos que se acceden en las etapas de posprocesamiento de información. Finalmente, se presentan los resultados experimentales obtenidos con algunos productos agrícolas. Context (archaeology) ; Work (physics) ; Population ; Field (mathematics) Dye analysis and toxicity ; Food Drying and Modeling ; Process Optimization and Integration