jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Ravi Kiran Dokala | S. Das | S. Thota
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2026-04-06)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Giant-magnetocaloric effect and phonon dynamics in (GdCe)CrO3 We investigate the effect of Ce3+ substitution on the magnetic ordering and phonon dynamics of the GdCrO3 orthorhombic perovskite. The Ce doped compound exhibits long-range canted antiferromagnetism with Néel transitions, TN at ~ 173 K, accompanied by spin-flip, TSF at ~ 10 K. Ce3+ incorporation drives a modification of the spin-flip transition from the $${\varGamma}_{4}\left({G}_{x},{A}_{y},{F}_{z}\right)$$configuration to $${\varGamma}_{4}^{{\prime}}$$ inducing a reorientation of the spin axis between the $$\left(00\stackrel{-}{1}\right)$$and (001) crystallographic planes. This spin reorientation is governed by Zeeman energy and produces pronounced field-induced irreversibility between FCC and FCW magnetization processes. The substituted compound Gd0.9Ce0.1CrO3 (GCCO) exhibits a remarkably large magnetic entropy change, $$-\varDelta{S}_{M}$$ ~ 45 –40 J/kg-K for ∆H = 90 − 70 kOe at 3 K among the highest reported for rare-earth orthochromites. The interplay of spin-only magnetocrystalline anisotropy from Cr3+ and spin–orbit–driven magnetic moments of Gd3+ and Ce3+ results in pronounced spin–phonon coupling, manifested through the A1g(6) vibrational mode. The observed temperature-dependent spectral evolution is consistent with behaviour reported in isostructural magnetic perovskites. Isostructural ; Magnetocrystalline anisotropy ; Antiferromagnetism ; Orthorhombic crystal system ; Zeeman effect ; Magnetic anisotropy ; Magnetization ; Magnetic moment ; Anisotropy Multiferroics and related materials ; Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials ; Advanced Condensed Matter Physics
Authors: D.K. Kalathil | Y.W. Sun | C. X. Liu | M. Stamp | D. Collins | P. Goldberg Oppenheimer
Source: Talanta (article, 2026-02-16)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Microscale-patterned SERS substrates with exceptional uniformity: Addressing reproducibility challenges Achieving reproducible, quantitative signals remains a critical barrier for the broad adoption of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) in analytical applications. Here, we introduce an innovative, mask-free laser-lithography fabrication approach to produce uniform arrays of gold-coated nanowells that significantly improve uniformity and reproducibility across large substrate areas compared to conventional methods. The substrates feature precisely controlled periodic arrays of sub-micron wells (500-2000 nm diameter) uniformly coated with a thin gold layer, generating localized and multiplexed plasmonic hot spots. By coupling the substrates to an advanced analytical workflow, we achieve spatial variations below 5% in SERS intensity across large mapping areas on most surfaces, addressing the uniformity challenges inherent in conventional SERS substrates. Using benzenethiol (BT) and Rhodamine 6G (R6G) as model analytes, we demonstrate quantitative detection with analytical enhancement factors of (1.00±0.01)×10<sup>5</sup> (BT) and (3.98±0.10)×10<sup>5</sup> (R6G) respectively. Importantly, the reported analytical enhancement factors account for spatial variations and multiple Raman peaks, ensuring reproducible and reliable values unlike conventional EFs based on isolated hot spots and single Raman modes. The developed approach addresses critical challenges in reproducibility and quantitative calibration, establishing a robust and well-characterized SERS substrate platform upon which future application-specific sensing protocols can be developed. Reproducibility ; Rhodamine 6G ; Raman scattering ; Substrate (aquarium) ; Raman spectroscopy ; Plasmon ; Analyte Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research ; Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
Authors: Anamika Gogoi | Somnath Sengupta | Abhishek Rathore | V.M. Kabilan | Shanmukha Rao Abothu | M. Bootharajan | C.V.S. Brahmananda Rao | Sesha Vempati | B. Sreenivasulu | Raghavender Medishetty
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2026-03-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Borophene Nanosheets grafted Covalent Organic Framework: A 2D Hybrid Porous Material for Hydrogen Adsorption Studies Adsorption ; Gravimetric analysis ; Borophene ; Porous medium ; Hydrogen storage ; Hydrogen ; Porosity Covalent Organic Framework Applications ; Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; Hydrogen Storage and Materials
Authors: Johanna Garavito | Sofía Castellanos-González | Clara P. Peña-Venegas | Diego A. Castellanos
Source: Polymers (article, 2026-03-11)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Development and Characterization of Reinforced Flexible Packaging Based on Amazonian Cassava Starch Through Flat Sheet Extrusion Thermoplastic starch (TPS) can be a sustainable alternative to petrochemical plastics for flexible packaging, especially in rainforests and tropical regions where native starch sources such as cassava are abundant. However, one problem preventing TPS packaging from widespread use is its susceptibility to moisture. This study evaluated TPS formulations based on Amazonian cassava starch reinforced with plantain leaf fibers, beeswax, and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) particles. The plastic compounds were extruded to obtain pellets and then films at 120-130 °C. The resulting films were then cut and heat-sealed to obtain flexible packaging. Different properties of the TPS packages were evaluated, such as mechanical strength, water vapor transmission (WVTR), color, infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and moisture adsorption. The results showed that the formulation with beeswax (2% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>), plantain leaves powder (1% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>), and LDPE powder (2% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) had a higher tensile strength (5.99 MPa) and moisture barrier (WVTR = 366.6 g m<sup>-2</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>) compared to the control formulation only with plasticizers (glycerol and water) but without reinforcements (0.48 MPa and 1486.6 g m<sup>-2</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>, respectively). Films with only beeswax (4% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) and plantain leaves powder (2.5% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) had tensile strength = 5.53 MPa and WVTR = 716.8 g m<sup>-2</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>, with higher moisture adsorption compared to the samples with LDPE. In both cases, homogeneous and heat-sealable bags were obtained. The reinforced TPS films can be used to reduce the environmental impact generated by single-use packaging applications such as food commercialization. Starch ; Extrusion ; Plasticizer ; Moisture ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Low-density polyethylene ; Water content ; Thermoplastic ; Food packaging ; Polyethylene Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Advanced Cellulose Research Studies ; Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Souiade Lilia | Domingo Diez Javier | Alcaide León César | Ramos Gómez Milagros | Serrano  Olmedo José Javier
Source:  (article, 2026-03-09)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Improving the efficacy of magnetic nanoparticle-mediated hyperthermia using trapezoidal pulsed electromagnetic fields as an in vitro anticancer treatment in uveal melanoma and glioblastoma multiforme cell lines Magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) is a novel cancer treatment that utilizes magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to generate localized heat under low frequency alternating magnetic field (AMF). Recently, trapezoidal pulsed alternating magnetic fields (TPAMF) have proven their capability in enhancing the efficiency of heating in MHT as compared to the sinusoidal one.. Our study aims to compare TPAMF waveform’s killing effect against the sinusoidal waveform in B16F10 and CT2A cell cultures to determine more efficient waveforms in causing cell death. For that purpose, we used SPIONs (superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles) at 1 and 4 mg/ml with four different AMF waveforms: three non-sinusoidal, namely trapezoidal (TP), almost-square (TS) and triangular (TR), and the sinusoidal signal (SN). Among the explored cases, the non- harmonic signals demonstrated better efficacy than the SN one as MHT treatment. After MHT treatments, B16F10 cells incubated with SPIONs at 1 mg/ml, reached cell death rates of 31±2% and 17±5%, when TP and TS signals were applied. Whereas cell death rates reached by SN was only 0% by both TP and TS signals. In CT2A cells preincubated with SPIONs at 4 mg/ml, MHT treatments using TP and TS signals induced a cell death rate of 46±15% and 35±16%, respectively, and the MHT treatments using SN produced 14±2% and 4±2% compared to TP and TS. Based on these results, we can conclude that the application of non-harmonic signals enhances MHT treatment efficiency against tumor cells. Hyperthermia ; Cell culture ; Melanoma ; Programmed cell death ; Magnetic hyperthermia ; Waveform ; Cell ; Apoptosis ; In vitro Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications ; Electromagnetic Fields and Biological Effects
Authors: Monica Fiorenza Boselli | Sara Ferrario | Niccolò Intini | Kirsten Zeitler | Alessandra Puglisi
Source: Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Visible-light-induced regioselective <i>N</i> -oxazolidinone radical addition to indoles and arenes <i>via</i> EDA complex formation We report the generation of <i>N</i>-oxazolidinone radicals <i>via</i> electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex formation. Visible light irradiation of pyridinium-based radical precursors, either in the presence or in the absence of NaHCO<sub>3</sub>, enables a mild, regioselective and operationally simple <i>N</i>-arylation, providing direct access to <i>N</i>-aryloxazolidin-2-ones. The transformation can be easily converted into a continuous flow process, providing improved productivity over the corresponding batch reaction. Regioselectivity ; Radical ; Visible spectrum ; Irradiation ; Radical substitution ; Yield (engineering) Radical Photochemical Reactions ; Catalytic C–H Functionalization Methods ; Oxidative Organic Chemistry Reactions
Authors: Suguru Yoshida | Olivier Hernandez | Jinsuke Miyake | Kei Nakayama | Ryo Ishikawa | Hajime Hojo | Yuichi Ikuhara | Venkatraman Gopalan | Katsuhisa Tanaka | Koji Fujita
Source: Journal of the American Chemical Society (article, 2026-01-23)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Switchable Polarization in an A-Site Deficient Perovskite through Vacancy and Cation Engineering While defects are unavoidable in crystals and often detrimental to material performance, they can be a key ingredient for inducing functionalities when tailored. Here, we show that an A-site-deficient perovskite Y<sub>1/3</sub>TaO<sub>3</sub> exhibits switching-like polarization response at room temperature in the <i>Pb</i>2<sub>1</sub><i>m</i> phase, enabled by ordered vacancies coupled with TaO<sub>6</sub> octahedral rotations. Defect-ordered perovskites are frequently trapped in centrosymmetric incommensurate states due to competing structural instabilities; we circumvent this by favoring rotational over off-centering instability through compositional selection. Unlike canonical improper ferroelectrics that are <i>ferrielectric</i>, the vanishing dipoles on vacancy layers in Y<sub>1/3</sub>TaO<sub>3</sub> allow for a net ferroelectric alignment of local dipoles, resulting in enhanced polarization. Upon heating, Y<sub>1/3</sub>TaO<sub>3</sub> transforms to a paraelectric incommensurate phase at ≃750 K, whose atomic arrangement mirrors the domain topology observed in hybrid improper ferroelectrics. Superspace analysis of the modulated phase reveals a route to improve room-temperature polarization, achieved through epitaxial strain, as confirmed by our lattice-dynamics calculations. This defect-ordering strategy should be generalizable to other improper ferroelectrics, including magnetoelectric multiferroics, providing a pathway to amplify otherwise limited macroscopic polarization. Ferroelectricity ; Vacancy defect ; Octahedron ; Perovskite (structure) ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Dipole ; Dielectric ; Multiferroics Multiferroics and related materials ; Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials ; Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices
Authors: Maksim Menshikh | Filip Dusek | Erik Bartuli | Jaroslav Láčík | Jan Boháček
Source: EPJ Web of Conferences (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Microwave welding of polymers The growing demand for fast, efficient and environmentally friendly polymer joining techniques has intensified research on microwave welding methods. However, there remains a knowledge gap regarding the influence of susceptor composition, welded material properties, field strength and welding duration on joint strength, which limits the optimization of this technology for industrial applications. In this study, we investigate the effects of several susceptor types – polypropylene (PP) supplemented with 75% graphite admixtures, polylactic acid (PLA) with 20% of carbon, polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PET-G) with tungsten, PLA with 45% of iron and PET-G with magnetite, and such thermoplastics as PET-G, PLA and PP on the mechanical strength of welded joints. The microwave welding process is conducted using dielectric heating at the frequency of 2.45 GHz. The results demonstrate that the interaction effects between susceptor type and welded material are found to be significant, highlighting the necessity of multivariate optimization rather than single-factor tuning. This work provides practical insights into the development of reliable, energy-efficient, and scalable polymer joining processes. The presented findings contribute to advancing microwave welding techniques and can serve as a foundation for further industrial applications. Welding ; Susceptor ; Polyethylene terephthalate ; Plastic welding ; Microwave ; Polylactic acid ; Polypropylene Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Applications ; Epoxy Resin Curing Processes ; Electromagnetic wave absorption materials
Authors: Tahani Y. A. Alanazi | Abdullah H. Alluhayb | Bandar R. Alsehli | Ammena Y. Binsaleh | Sayed M. Saleh | Mahmoud A. Mohamed
Source: Reviews in Analytical Chemistry (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

A comprehensive RP-HPLC technique for analyzing disodium edetate and its degradation products in eye drops using AQbD and Six Sigma perspective Abstract The study presents the development of a novel, sustainable, and analytical quality by design (AQbD) driven RP-HPLC method to simultaneously identify disodium edetate in eye drops and its degradation products. The goal of this method is to meet the growing demand for robust, eco-friendly methods of quality control for pharmaceutical products. AQbD ensured method robustness, while minimizing solvent consumption and waste generation to ensure sustainability. Several sustainable tools were investigated to assess their ecological impact in the study. Using Box–Behnken design, three chromatographic parameters were optimized: column oven temperature, flow rate, and buffer pH. An ethanol and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution mobile phase at pH 7.0 in gradient mode was found to be optimal. An Avantor Hichrom C18 (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 5 µm) column was used with UV detection at 258 nm and pumped at 1.1 mL/min. The linearity of disodium edetate occurred in the 2–40 μg/mL range with an R 2 of 0.9999. Disodium edetate was subjected to acidic, basic, oxidative, photolytic, and thermal stress conditions in accordance with ICH guidelines. Degradation caused by bases, acids, and oxidation provided the highest degradation rates. Incorporating quality by design principles with sustainability considerations makes this method robust, eco-friendly, and cost-effective for quality control in pharmaceutical products. Having been successfully applied to eye drop formulations, its utility in the pharmaceutical industry is unquestionable. Degradation (telecommunications) ; Drop (telecommunication) ; Six Sigma ; Solvent ; Quality (philosophy) ; Dosage form Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Maksim Menshikh | Filip Dusek | Erik Bartuli | Jaroslav Láčík | Jan Bohacek
Source: Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) (article, 2026-03-12)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Microwave welding of polymers The growing demand for fast, efficient and environmentally friendly polymer joining techniques has intensified research on microwave welding methods. However, there remains a knowledge gap regarding the influence of susceptor composition, welded material properties, field strength and welding duration on joint strength, which limits the optimization of this technology for industrial applications. In this study, we investigate the effects of several susceptor types – polypropylene (PP) supplemented with 75% graphite admixtures, polylactic acid (PLA) with 20% of carbon, polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PET-G) with tungsten, PLA with 45% of iron and PET-G with magnetite, and such thermoplastics as PET-G, PLA and PP on the mechanical strength of welded joints. The microwave welding process is conducted using dielectric heating at the frequency of 2.45 GHz. The results demonstrate that the interaction effects between susceptor type and welded material are found to be significant, highlighting the necessity of multivariate optimization rather than single-factor tuning. This work provides practical insights into the development of reliable, energy-efficient, and scalable polymer joining processes. The presented findings contribute to advancing microwave welding techniques and can serve as a foundation for further industrial applications. Welding ; Susceptor ; Plastic welding ; Polyethylene terephthalate ; Microwave ; Polylactic acid ; Polypropylene Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Applications ; Electromagnetic wave absorption materials ; Epoxy Resin Curing Processes
Authors: Chiara Giordani | Angelica Giuliani | Silvia Di Valerio | Tatiana Spadoni | Laura Graciotti | Sonia Bonacci | Antonio Domenico Procopio | Maria Rita Rippo
Source: Pharmaceuticals (article, 2026-02-25)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Differential Impact of Olive Leaf Extract and Its Secoiridoid Components, Oleuropein Aglycone and Oleacin, on Adipogenic Differentiation and Proliferation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells <b>Background/Objectives</b>: Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) serves multiple physiological roles but accumulates with age, compromising skeletal health. This expansion is largely driven by an adipogenic drift of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs), shifting attention toward stromal cell fate regulation as a target to preserve bone marrow homeostasis. Preventing adipogenic commitment may be as relevant as directly inducing osteogenesis for maintaining a bone-permissive marrow microenvironment. Here, we investigated whether olive leaf extract (OLE) and its purified secoiridoid components, oleacin (OC) and oleuropein aglycone (OA), modulate the adipogenic differentiation and proliferative capacity of human BMSCs. <b>Methods</b>: Human BMSCs were induced to undergo adipogenic differentiation and treated with OLE, OC, or OA. Intracellular lipid accumulation and the expression of key adipogenic regulators were assessed. Proliferative capacity was evaluated under both maintenance and adipogenic conditions. <b>Results</b>: Under adipogenic conditions, OLE markedly reduced intracellular lipid accumulation and induced a coordinated downregulation of PPARγ, PLIN1, FABP4, ADIPOQ, LEP and the adipogenesis-associated miR-422a. In contrast, OC and OA exerted more selective and specific effects on biomarkers, indicating the partial and complementary modulation of adipogenic programs. Notably, OLE also increased BMSC proliferation under both maintenance and adipogenic conditions, suggesting the preservation of a less committed stromal cell pool. Although the relative contribution of enhanced proliferation versus the direct inhibition of adipogenic pathways cannot be fully disentangled, the combined molecular and functional data support a dual action of OLE on stromal cell fate. <b>Conclusions</b>: OLE limits adipogenic commitment while maintaining stromal cell proliferative competence, processes that are critically involved in BMAT expansion and bone marrow dysfunction. OC and OA contribute to OLE bioactivity deserving further investigation, particularly in combination, as potential modulators of BMAT expansion. Adipogenesis ; Oleuropein ; Stromal cell ; Mesenchymal stem cell ; Bone marrow ; Adipose tissue ; Cell growth ; Cellular differentiation Edible Oils Quality and Analysis ; Plant chemical constituents analysis ; Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes
Authors: Fatema Alali
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2026-02-10)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Optimized thermal response of Au nanoframes in NIR-II window: a numerical study Au nanoframes are promising tools for photothermal drug delivery and cancer treatment because their red-shifted localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) can be effectively excited in the near-infrared (NIR) region. Photothermal therapy using Au nanoframes is favorable due to its affordability, nontoxicity, and minimal effect on healthy cells. However, the nanoparticles currently used in this field are affected by various problems, such as thermal deformation and the risk of the LSPR deviating from the NIR range. Here, we present the double-torus (DT) nanoframe design, where two tori are oriented perpendicularly to each other, for enhanced optical and thermal responses. We compare the photothermal properties of DT and several standard nanoparticles in the second NIR (NIR-II) window (1000–1400 nm), simulate their optical and thermal behavior and optimize their size to achieve the desired therapeutic temperature range of 40–49 °C within the NIR-II window, demonstrate how their shape and symmetry influence their thermal efficiency, and investigate their thermal responses across different sizes. Our findings indicate that controlling heat generation within the therapeutic range highly depends on nanoparticle shape, symmetry, and metallic volume. Regarding the sensitivity of nanoparticle heat generation to nanoparticle volume, the DT structure is the most effective for heat regulation. Moreover, the curved design of the toroidal nanoframe minimizes the risk of the LSPR shifting beyond the NIR-II range. Having robust optical and thermal properties, the DT structure is an excellent candidate for use as a colloidal nanoparticle in biomedicine. Photothermal therapy ; Nanoparticle ; Thermal ; Surface plasmon resonance ; Heat generation ; Range (aeronautics) ; Plasmon ; Surface plasmon Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics ; Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies