jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Wei-Shiuan Tseng | Yu-Chi Pan | Tzin-Hsin Liao | Shih-Hsiang Hsiao | Ming‐Che Chan
Source: Applied Physics Letters (article, 2024-04-08)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Observation of dynamic nanoscale thermal expansion in mirrors and graphene-aided heat dissipation by an advanced chromatic confocal microscopy In this Letter, dynamic nano-thermal expansion images of reflective mirrors from high-intensity incident laser beams were observed in situ. The inspections are based on rapid 3D surface morphology changes on the reflective surfaces, captured by a Chromatic Confocal Microscope with Nanoscale Sensitivity (CCMNS). Nano-expansions of two types of coatings were studied: the E02 dielectric coating (coating 1) and the graphene-on-E02 complex film (coating 2), both applied to the same fused silica substrate. The superior thermal dissipation properties of coating 2, including enhanced heat dissipation, suppressed wavefront distortion, and its unique negative expansion coefficient, were observed. In addition to studying the effects of graphene coating, the CCMNS demonstrates an accurate and efficient approach for evaluating reflective mirrors. Moreover, the proposed methodology possesses enormous potential across various fields, ranging from estimating photonic elements dealing with high-intensity beams to physical thermal conductivity measurements. Materials science ; Coating ; Optics ; Graphene ; Thermal conductivity ; Microscope ; Dissipation ; Nanoscopic scale ; Thermal expansion ; Microscopy ; Photonics ; Thermoelastic damping ; Optoelectronics ; Thermal ; Nanotechnology ; Composite material ; Physics Optical Coatings and Gratings ; Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging ; Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
Authors: Aneira Vundecode
Source: American journal of student research. (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Clean Air, Clear Minds: A Real-Time Carbon Dioxide and Volatile Organic Compounds Monitoring System for Classrooms Indoor air quality (IAQ) in educational environments significantly impacts student health and productivity. This research presents an electronic system for monitoring IAQ, focusing on detecting carbon dioxide (CO$_2$) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using a microcontroller-based prototype. Inspired by previous research linking poor IAQ with student performance, this system was developed to measure and analyze these parameters for use in educational facilities. The proposed system utilizes commercially available Arduino-based sensors and components, enabling real-time data collection and analysis. Preliminary results indicate that the system detects changes in CO$_2$ and VOCs levels in real-time. The system was designed to wirelessly send real-time sensor readings to an online dashboard, which allows for sharing the data to the cloud. The data can be internally shared with the members of an institution to allow for intervention if necessary. This research emphasizes sensor calibration and validation, ensuring the system's readiness for real-world classroom settings, and offering a practical solution to improve IAQ in educational environments. Carbon dioxide ; Environmental science ; Environmental chemistry ; Volatile organic compound ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry Various Chemistry Research Topics ; Experimental Learning in Engineering
Authors: Paul Schütze | Aenne Abel | Florian Burkart | Luís Silva | Hannes Dinter | Kevin Dojan | A. Herkert | S. Jaster-Merz | Max Kellermeier | Willi Kuropka | Frank Mayet | Sara Ruiz Daza | Simon Spannagel | Thomas Vinatier | Håkan Wennlöf
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

electronCT - an imaging technique using very-high energy electrons The electronCT technique is an imaging method based on the multiple Coulomb scattering of relativistic electrons and has potential applications in medical and industrial imaging. It utilizes a pencil beam of electrons in the very high energy electron (VHEE, 50-250 MeV) range and a single detection layer for the determination of the beam profile. The technique constitutes a projectional, two-dimensional imaging method and thus also qualifies for the tomographic reconstruction of samples. Given the simplicity of the technical setup and its location behind the sample, the electronCT technique has potential synergies with VHEE radiotherapy, making use of the same electron source for both treatment and diagnostics and thus being a candidate for in-situ imaging and patient localization. At the same time, several technical challenges arise from the measurement technique when applied for the imaging of living beings. Measurements performed at the ARES linear particle accelerator at an electron energy of 155 MeV using a mouse phantom and a Timepix3 silicon pixel detector assembly demonstrate the feasibility of this technique. Both projectional and tomographic reconstructions are presented and the potential and limits of the technology are discussed. Electron ; Energy (signal processing) ; Computer science ; Physics ; Engineering physics ; Nuclear physics ; Quantum mechanics Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques ; Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications ; Nuclear Physics and Applications
Authors: Abdulla Tursunovich Dadakhodzhaev | M. E. AKHMEDOV | Vitaliy Guro
Source:  (article, 2024-12-19)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

TO THE QUESTION OF PRODUCING CONDITIONING AMMONIUM NITRATE ADDITIVES Due to the devastating impact of human activities on the environment, the demand for environmental goods and services, among others in the hotel business, is increasing.The article discusses examples of the use of "green" marketing in the hotel business in order to increase the competitiveness of its services and attract customers, offers promising directions for its development and integration into the business processes of hotel companies. Conditioning ; Nitrate ; Ammonium nitrate ; Ammonium ; Chemistry ; Environmental science ; Process engineering ; Waste management ; Computer science ; Pulp and paper industry ; Engineering ; Mathematics ; Organic chemistry ; Statistics Material Properties and Applications
Authors: Payam Tavakoli | Ali Palizban | Constantin Pitis
Source: Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering Technology (article, 2024-12-29)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Estimating Power Losses due to Harmonics in Power Distribution System Components This paper addresses the urgent need for accurate estimation of power losses caused by harmonics in various components of power distribution systems (PDS). Current methodologies for evaluating such losses in electrical distribution grids (EDG) are underdeveloped, highlighting the necessity for more refined analytical approaches. To address this gap, a mathematical model was developed to quantify harmonic-induced losses across key PDS components, with a focus on dry-type distribution transformers (DDTs). Expected accuracy range for estimating methodology was Class 2 accuracy range according to AACE1. Mathematical model was validated by using pre-existent tests performed on a 250 kVA DDT. Power losses of DDTs are especially significant because these components play a critical role in power system efficiency and revenue generation. In the commercial and industrial sectors, approximately 50% of electricity passes2 through DDTs, of which 40% of DDT efficiency is affected by harmonic losses [2]3. As electrification and electric vehicle adoption grow, these losses are expected to increase. By identifying components most affected by harmonics, the model enables targeted mitigation strategies, potentially saving 600 GWh annually and reducing power losses by 70 MW4 [3]. The paper concludes with a guide to the use of the proposed mathematical model for the estimation of Harmonic Power Losses and Applicable PDS Components (Appendix C). Proposed mathematical model offers consultants, engineers and end-users a practical tool to improve transformer sizing, implement energy-saving measures, and enhance the efficiency and reliability of PDS. The outcomes support stakeholders, including utilities and customers, by reducing operational costs, extending equipment lifespans, and improving energy efficiency. The findings are a useful tool for government organizations and utilities in refining their energy efficiency programs and standards. Harmonics ; Power (physics) ; Distribution (mathematics) ; Environmental science ; Electrical engineering ; Mathematics ; Engineering ; Physics ; Voltage ; Mathematical analysis Magnetic Properties and Applications ; Power Quality and Harmonics ; Induction Heating and Inverter Technology
Authors: Pradeep K. Kushwaha | Kirti Tomer Kajal Mudgal | Shalika Rathore | Rupali Bhawsar | Gary Carpenter | Sarika Sharma | Kiran Verma | Manisha Wanjare
Source: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (article, 2024-12-13)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Synergistic Effect of Buylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Ascorbyl Palmitate to Prevent Oxidative Degradation of Drug: A Dual Antioxidant Strategy Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the synergistic effect of Buylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Ascorbyl palmitate (AP) in preventing the oxidative degradation of a model drug. Oxidative degradation is a significant challenge in pharmaceutical formulations, leading to reduced efficacy and shelf life of drugs. BHA, a synthetic antioxidant, and AP, a lipid-soluble derivative of vitamin C, are examined for their combined effect in stabilizing drug formulations by neutralizing free radicals and delaying oxidation.Materials and Methods: A model drug sensitive to oxidative degradation was used for the study. The drug formulation was prepared with BHA, AP, and their combination at various concentrations. Control samples without antioxidants were also prepared. The samples were subjected to accelerated oxidation conditions, including exposure to light, heat, and oxygen. Drug degradation was monitored using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to quantify the remaining active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) over time. The synergistic effect of BHA and AP was assessed by comparing the degradation rates of formulations with single antioxidants and those with the combined strategy.Results and Discussion: The combination of BHA and AP exhibited a more pronounced protective effect against oxidative degradation compared to each antioxidant used individually. The HPLC analysis showed that formulations containing both BHA and AP had a significantly slower rate of drug degradation under accelerated conditions. The synergistic mechanism likely involves BHA acting as a primary antioxidant, scavenging free radicals, while AP regenerates BHA, enhancing its antioxidant capacity. This dual antioxidant strategy proved more effective in stabilizing the drug than either compound alone, suggesting an enhanced formulation stability.Conclusion: The study demonstrates that the combination of BHA and AP provides a synergistic antioxidant effect, effectively preventing oxidative degradation of the drug. This dual antioxidant strategy holds promise for enhancing drug stability, prolonging shelf life, and improving formulation performance. Butylated hydroxyanisole ; Ascorbyl palmitate ; Antioxidant ; Chemistry ; Drug ; Oxidative phosphorylation ; Pharmacology ; Biochemistry ; Medicine Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Synthesis of Tetrazole Derivatives ; Computational Drug Discovery Methods
Authors: Menda Akkulu Naidu
Source: International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine (article, 2024-12-15)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Synergistic Effect of BuylatedHydroxyanisole (BHA) and AscorbylPalmitate to Prevent Oxidative Degradation of Drug: A Dual Antioxidant Strategy Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the synergistic effect of butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA) and ascorbylpalmitate (AP) in preventing the oxidative degradation of a model drug. Oxidative degradation is a significant challenge in pharmaceutical formulations, leading to reduced efficacy and shelf life of drugs. BHA, a synthetic antioxidant, and AP, a lipid-soluble derivative of vitamin C, are examined for their combined effect in stabilizing drug formulations by neutralizing free radicals and delaying oxidation. Materials and Methods: A model drug sensitive to oxidative degradation was used for the study. The drug formulation was prepared with BHA, AP, and their combination at various concentrations. Control samples without antioxidants were also prepared. The samples were subjected to accelerated oxidation conditions, including exposure to light, heat, and oxygen. Drug degradation was monitored using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to quantify the remaining active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) over time. The synergistic effect of BHA and AP was assessed by comparing the degradation rates of formulations with single antioxidants and those with the combined strategy. Results and Discussion: The combination of BHA and AP exhibited a more pronounced protective effect against oxidative degradation compared to each antioxidant used individually. The HPLC analysis showed that formulations containing both BHA and AP had a significantly slower rate of drug degradation under accelerated conditions. The synergistic mechanism likely involves BHA acting as a primary antioxidant, scavenging free radicals, while AP regenerates BHA, enhancing its antioxidant capacity. This dual antioxidant strategy proved more effective in stabilizing the drug than either compound alone, suggesting an enhanced formulation stability. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that the combination of BHA and AP provides a synergistic antioxidant effect, effectively preventing oxidative degradation of the drug. This dual antioxidant strategy holds promise for enhancing drug stability, prolonging shelf life, and improving formulation performance. Antioxidant ; Drug ; Chemistry ; Pharmacology ; Oxidative phosphorylation ; Degradation (telecommunications) ; Dual (grammatical number) ; Medicine ; Biochemistry ; Computer science Free Radicals and Antioxidants
Authors: D. A. Polyakov | M. A. Kholmov | К. И. Никитин
Source: Omsk Scientific Bulletin (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Study of the magnetic field effect on partial discharges characteristics The paper is devoted to the study of the dependences of the characteristics of partial discharges on magnetic induction. The design of the experimental setup has been developed. It allows applying both high voltage and current comparable to the operating one. The setup includes a high voltage source (dielectric tester), a current flow circuit, a high voltage current transformer and a sample of XLPE insulated cable. The operation of the electrical circuit of the experimental setup is simulated using software. The modeling has shown that if the operational electrical strength of the current transformer insulation is present, the high-voltage potential cannot contact the current flow circuit. After this, modeling of the magnetic field inside the insulating layer is carried out. Based on the developed design, an experimental setup is created. To record partial discharges, an artificial defect is created in a cable sample. The results of magnetic field modeling made it possible to estimate the magnetic induction in the field of an artificial cable defect. Next, experimental studies are carried out to assess the influence of the magnetic field of the cable core current on the characteristics of partial discharges. The measurement results have showed a decrease in the average apparent charge of partial discharges and partial discharge power with increasing current. In addition, waveforms are compared, but no significant differences are found. The magnetic field of the current may influence the PD performance in the long term due to its possible influence on the direction of growth of the electrical tree structure. Magnetic field ; Materials science ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Physics High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Plasma Diagnostics and Applications ; Vacuum and Plasma Arcs
Authors: Tejveer Singh | Samarth Godara | Suneha Goswami | Ranjeet Ranjan Kumar | T. Vinutha | Harish Dhal
Source: International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research (article, 2024-10-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Quantification and artificial intelligence-based clustering of phenolic compounds in pearl millet genotypes Pearl millet, also known as Pennisetum glaucum, is a staple food crop in many parts of Africa and Asia. It is a hardy, drought-resistant crop that can grow in poor soil conditions and is well-suited to regions with low rainfall. The analysis of phenolic compounds in pearl millet can provide valuable information on the nutritional and health benefits of this crop. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) is a common method used to quantify the phenolic compounds in pearl millet. In this study six different phenolics compounds namely quercetin, epicatechin, cinnamic acid, syringic acid, gallic acid and sinapic acid were quantified in thirteen diverse pearl millet genotypes. In addition to traditional analytical methods, Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques were used to analyse the data from UPLC and identify any correlations or patterns. This can provide insights into the variability of phenolic compounds in pearl millet depending on the environmental and agronomic conditions. The AI-based analysis presented in the study gave vital information on the phenolic properties of the target genotypes. The result of this analysis is useful in breeding and cultivation practices for pearl millet to improve its nutritional profile and health benefits for human consumption. Pearl ; Cluster analysis ; Genotype ; Artificial intelligence ; Biotechnology ; Computer science ; Biology ; Geography ; Genetics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
Authors: Syed Mazar Ali
Source: International Journal of Bioresource Science (article, 2024-12-25)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Application of Multiple Linear Regression for Predicting the Quality of Jasmine Flower Under Varying Packaging and Storage Conditions The present study investigates the effects of different packaging materials and storage durations on the quality of jasmine flowers stored at 5C, focusing on key parameters such as browning index, moisture content, and freshness index.Four packaging materials P 0 (bamboo basket with newspaper lining), P 1 (corrugated fiberboard with PP lining), P 2 (corrugated fiberboard with PE lining), and P 3 (nylon bag) were evaluated over 16 days.Among these, P 2 demonstrated superior performance, recording the lowest browning index (47.89)and highest moisture content (47.6%) on the 16 th day, effectively maintaining flower quality.Conversely, P 0 exhibited the highest browning index (54.04)and rapid moisture loss, leading to spoilage by the 12 th day.Correlation analysis indicated a strong positive relationship between storage time and browning index (0.891), confirming that browning increases over time, while moisture content showed a negative correlation (-0.776) with storage duration.The multiple linear regression (MLR) model confirmed the significant influence of these components with higher determination of coefficient of R 2 = 0.98 which made them tool to predict quality determination in jasmine flower. HIgHLIgHTSm Determination of optimal packaging for Jasmine flowers.m Predictive multiple regression model for quality determination. Quality (philosophy) ; Linear regression ; Statistics ; Mathematics ; Philosophy Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
Authors: Georgia Mitsa | Livia Florianova | Josiane Lafleur | Adriana Aguilar‐Mahecha | René P. Zahedi | Sonia V. del Rincón | Mark Basik | Christoph H. Borchers | Gerald Batist
Source: Cancer Research Communications (article, 2024-12-26)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Clinical Proteomics Reveals Vulnerabilities in Noninvasive Breast Ductal Carcinoma and Drives Personalized Treatment Strategies This study provides real-world evidence for DCIS, a disease for which currently no molecular tools or biomarkers exist, and gives an unbiased, comprehensive, and deep proteomic profile, identifying >380 actionable targets. Druggability ; Proteomics ; Breast cancer ; Ductal carcinoma ; PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ; Biology ; Quantitative proteomics ; Cancer ; Bioinformatics ; Cancer research ; Medicine ; Computational biology ; Oncology ; Pathology ; Internal medicine ; Gene ; Signal transduction ; Genetics Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism ; Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis
Authors: Piotr Gazda | Paweł Rękas | Piotr Frydrych | Paweł Nowak | Michał Nowicki | Roman Szewczyk
Source: Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka (article, 2024-12-11)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Investigation of the Metrological Properties of Magnetic Field Sensors Used in Popular Smartphones for the Shoe Size Determination System This article presents a study on the metrological properties of smartphone magnetometers and their application in determining the correct shoe size. The research focuses on using magnetometers in smartphones to measure the magnetic field generated by magnetic markers placed inside shoes. To measure foot dimensions, smartphone embedded position sensors and image analysis were employed to determine key foot parameters accurately. Measurements were conducted under controlled conditions using triaxial Helmholtz coils, which generated a precise magnetic field. Linearity, sensitivity, offset, and measurement uncertainty were evaluated in several popular smartphones. The results indicate that the accuracy of magnetometer measurements depends on the quality of the smartphone. Electromagnetic interference, especially in cheaper devices, can introduce noise that affects data quality. Extended averaging periods help reduce noise and improve measurement accuracy. Smartphone magnetometers can be effectively utilized for precise magnetic field measurements, provided the device is calibrated correctly and the measurement method is appropriately adjusted. Certain limitations, such as noise from electromagnetic interference and its impact on data quality, remain challenging. Nonetheless, the study’s findings are promising, especially in applications such as shoe sizing systems, where accurate measurements of the inside of the shoe are essential for a proper fit of the shoe to the foot. Metrology ; Field (mathematics) ; Computer science ; Automotive engineering ; Acoustics ; Engineering ; Physics ; Optics ; Mathematics Textile materials and evaluations ; Engineering Applied Research ; Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements