jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Lakkana Pitak | Sirirak Ditcharoen | Kanvisit Maraphum | Buathip Khamwan | Nithithada Warorost | Yuwatida Sripontan | Chun-I Chiu | Panmanas Sirisomboon | Jetsada Posom
Source: Engineering and Applied Science Research (article, 2026-01-12)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Identification and quantification of quality of intact durian fruits using NIR spectroscopy Quality classification of durian fruits is based on the dry matter (DM) content of the pulp. According to Thai agricultural standards, durian fruit (Monthong variety) must contain at least 32% DM. This study aimed to develop a classification model for assessing durian quality based on DM content, categorizing fruits as either “rejected” (DM &lt; 32%) or “accepted” (DM ≥ 32%). Near-infrared (NIR) spectra were collected as the durian fruits moved along a conveyor belt. The models were developed using two spectral ranges: short-wavelength near-infrared (SWNIR; 4501000 nm) and long-wavelength near-infrared (LWNIR; 8601750 nm). Owing to the imbalance in the dataset between the two classes, the data were adjusted using the synthetic minority oversampling technique to create a balanced dataset. Prediction models were built using different spectral preprocessing methods and algorithms. For the LWNIR range, the models constructed using LDA, SVM, KNN, and SDA achieved accuracies of 95%, 90%, 93%, and 93%, respectively, for the test set. The SWNIR models, developed using the same algorithms, achieved accuracies of 90%, 88%, 90%, and 90%, respectively, for the test set. PLS-regression was used to predict the DM content from both LWNIR and SWNIR data. With the 2nd derivative preprocessing method, the models achieved R² values of 0.89 and 0.79, SEP values of 5% and 6.89%, and RPD values of 2.29 and 1.66, respectively. The wavelength range significantly influenced the model performance, whereas spectral pretreatment had a minor effect on the model's predictive ability. Overall, NIR spectroscopy demonstrated the potential for nondestructive quality grading of whole durian fruits. This work is the first to establish real-time, in-line models for durian grading based on DM content, advancing beyond the previous destructive method. The findings demonstrate the feasibility of automated, nondestructive, and objective quality assessment, supporting industrial automation, precision agriculture, and export quality assurance. Preprocessor ; Near-infrared spectroscopy ; Second derivative ; Deconvolution ; Spectroscopy ; Chemometrics ; Data pre-processing ; Oversampling Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Smart Agriculture and AI ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Authors: Donghyun Park | Yu Song | Haejun Chung | Sejeong Kim
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (article, 2026-03-25)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Inverse-Designed Metasurfaces for Compact Optical Skyrmion Generation with High Topological Fidelity Optical skyrmions are structured vector fields with nontrivial polarization topology and subwavelength-scale features. One common approach to generating optical skyrmions is the superposition of a zeroth-order Bessel beam and a higher-order Bessel beam carrying orbital angular momentum, with each beam possessing an orthogonal circular polarization state. However, creating such complex beams typically requires bulky free-space optical setups; therefore, recent efforts have focused on compact optical skyrmion generators based on metasurfaces. Nevertheless, achieving the degrees of freedom required for simultaneous phase and polarization control remains challenging because of the limited design flexibility of conventional meta-atoms. Here, we address this challenge by employing an inverse-design approach and demonstrate a single-layer metasurface that generates high-fidelity optical skyrmions. We employ an adjoint-based topology-optimization method to design a silicon metasurface that converts an incident beam into an optical skyrmion without the need for additional optical components. The optimized metasurface generates an optical skyrmion with skyrmion number $(N_\mathrm{sk}) = 0.970$. This work demonstrates that inverse design can be a promising route to compact skyrmion generators, and our approach provides a basis for near-field particle manipulation and the generation of independent topological bits in dense photonic integration. Skyrmion ; Superposition principle ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Bessel beam ; Topology (electrical circuits) ; Topological quantum number ; Beam (structure) ; Bessel function ; Inverse Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research
Authors: Junhong Pan | Wei Wu | Ronghui Lu | Wensen Yu | Tzong-Jer Chen | Rengui Chen
Source: Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) (article, 2026-03-24)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Applications of Derivative Spectroscopy on determination of nitrogen status of tea plant (Camellia sinensis) Nitrogen (N) fertilizer plays an important role in tea plantation with significant impacts on the formation of vital compounds, pigments and flavor-related substances. Excess and deficiency of N can reduce crop yield and quality yet impact environmental concerns. Therefore, it is crucial to tailor fertilization levels based on the N status of tea plants to avoid both inadequate and excessive N application. This study has evaluated if it is possible to improve the effectiveness of spectral indices to estimate the nitrogen concentration using derivative spectroscopy and dimension reduction techniques to process the spectral signatures. The results demonstrated that this study involved spectrum smoothing, derivative implementation, and measurements of Normalized Difference Spectral Index (NDSI) and Ratio Spectral Index (RSI) indices. Analysis identified the top 25 Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) for both indices and employed Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to determine ten principal component scores. A ten-component linear regression model was developed, and its effectiveness was assessed. This model was then used to predict N levels in tea gardens. Derivative spectroscopy techniques can improve the effectiveness of indices to estimate the nitrogen concentration as compared to non-derivative indices. The statistics values are always higher for derivative indices. This model was then used to predict N levels in tea gardens. To increase Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), a scheme added three spectra and corresponding N values together then find an average. This procession made very good results on statistics for multiple linear regression. The results are promising, suggesting that further research in this field is needed. Principal component analysis ; Derivative (finance) ; Linear regression ; Nitrogen ; Second derivative ; Principal component regression ; Coefficient of determination ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Correlation coefficient ; Spectroscopy Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis ; Soil Geostatistics and Mapping
Authors: Admir Masic | Dahyun Kyung | Ruiqi Zhang | Alice Zehner | Ali Alatawi | Noora Abdulaziz Jamsheer | James C. Weaver | Kristin Bergmann | Vladimir Bulovic | A. B. Jost
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2026-02-26)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Decoding Nacre: Uncovering Unique Identifiers of Pearl Provenance Pearl ; Provenance ; Pinctada fucata ; Carbonate ; Stable isotope ratio ; Workflow ; Identifier Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition ; Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils ; Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
Authors: Anindita Ganguly | Nick Nastasi | Olivia Farinas | Jenny Panescu | Matthew Perzanowski | Karen C. Dannemiller | Perena Gouma
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (article, 2026-02-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Novel Mold Detection in Homes based on Wheat Flour-Derived Amyloid Fibrils as a Bioinspired Platform Amyloid (mycology) ; Amyloid fibril ; Mold ; Fibril ; Amyloid β Polydiacetylene-based materials and applications ; Biosensors and Analytical Detection ; Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging
Authors: SUTTAYOT YIMPOOLSAP
Source: Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity (article, 2026-03-17)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Development and validation of a tropical diatom-based index for bioassessment of the Yang River, Northern Thailand Abstract. Yimpoolsap S. 2026. Development and validation of a tropical diatom-based index for bioassessment of the Yang River, Northern Thailand. Biodiversitas 27 (2): d270206. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270206. Freshwater ecosystems in tropical Asia are increasingly threatened by nutrient enrichment, organic pollution, and land-use intensification. Diatoms are widely recognised as sensitive biological indicators, yet most available diatom indices were developed for temperate regions and may not adequately reflect ecological conditions in tropical rivers. This study aimed to develop a regionally calibrated, river-specific Diatom Index using the Yang River, Northern Thailand, as a model tropical system for water quality assessment. Water sampling and benthic diatom collection were conducted across seven stations from November 2016 to April 2017. Physico-chemical parameters were analysed according to American Public Health Association (APHA 2017), and diatom assemblages were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level. Indicator Values (IV) and Weighted Averages (WA) were computed for 29 dominant taxa, and the final Diatom Index (DI) was validated against the conventional Water Quality Index (WQI). The study addresses a key methodological limitation in tropical bioassessment by developing an index based on observed ecological responses of tropical diatom assemblages, rather than relying on tolerance values derived from temperate regions. Reproducibility was evaluated using three independent chemistry replicate datasets (R1-R3), which showed high consistency in WA/IV estimation and DI computation (ρ = 0.860-0.907, p &lt; 0.001), indicating that the index-building process was robust and repeatable. The DI showed a significant positive relationship with WQI (ρ = 0.549, r² = 0.3102, p &lt; 0.001), indicating that diatom assemblages effectively captured nutrient and organic pollution gradients. Spatial variation in diatom communities aligned with upstream-midstream-downstream differences in pH, DO, BOD, and nutrient levels. While developed from a single river system, the index provides a regionally appropriate and ecologically meaningful framework for diatom-based water quality assessment in tropical rivers, subject to further validation across additional catchments. The index offers a cost-effective and regionally calibrated approach for routine monitoring and supports improved management of tropical freshwater ecosystems. Diatom ; Temperate climate ; Water quality ; Threatened species ; Benthic zone ; Replicate ; Ecosystem ; Freshwater ecosystem Diatoms and Algae Research ; Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology ; Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
Authors: Yong-Jae Kim | Su-Ok Hwang | Byeong-Hun Han | Baik-Ho Kim
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2026-03-19)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Partial Weir Opening Is Associated with Changes in Diatom Diversity and Ecological Recovery Trajectories in a Monsoonal River Partial opening of three weirs (Sejong, Gongju, and Baekje) in the Geum River, South Korea, was implemented in 2020 to partially restore longitudinal flow connectivity. Using seasonal surveys conducted at eight stations from 2020 to 2024, we examined spatiotemporal variation in water quality and benthic diatom assemblages associated with this hydrological intervention. Annual basin-wide averages showed gradual interannual changes in water quality, with declines in total phosphorus, total nitrogen, chlorophyll-a, turbidity, and biochemical oxygen demand after 2021, accompanied by increased dissolved oxygen. Diatom community indices based on relative-abundance data exhibited corresponding temporal variation, with decreased dominance and increased Shannon diversity, evenness, and taxon richness, with significant shifts emerging approximately two years after weir opening. The Bray–Curtis-based Community Dissimilarity Index increased from 0.61 to 0.77 (p &amp;lt; 0.01), and β-diversity partitioning indicated that species turnover accounted for 72% of total dissimilarity, suggesting progressive compositional differentiation among sites. Ordination analyses indicated gradual differentiation between assemblages sampled before and after partial weir opening, while random forest models showed limited explanatory power and were treated as exploratory. Indicator species analysis identified period-specific characteristic taxa rather than deterministic species turnover. Overall, partial weir opening was associated with measurable changes in benthic diatom community structure and diversity in a monsoonal river, supporting the use of benthic diatoms as sensitive descriptors for tracking ecological change under flow-regulated conditions. Weir ; Diatom ; Dominance (genetics) ; Benthic zone ; Ordination ; Transect ; Water quality ; Hydrology (agriculture) ; Taxon ; Tributary Diatoms and Algae Research ; Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology ; Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
Authors: Junhong Pan | Wei Wu | Ronghui Lu | Wensen Yu | Tzong-Jer Chen | Rengui Chen
Source: BIO Web of Conferences (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Applications of Derivative Spectroscopy on determination of nitrogen status of tea plant (Camellia sinensis) Nitrogen (N) fertilizer plays an important role in tea plantation with significant impacts on the formation of vital compounds, pigments and flavor-related substances. Excess and deficiency of N can reduce crop yield and quality yet impact environmental concerns. Therefore, it is crucial to tailor fertilization levels based on the N status of tea plants to avoid both inadequate and excessive N application. This study has evaluated if it is possible to improve the effectiveness of spectral indices to estimate the nitrogen concentration using derivative spectroscopy and dimension reduction techniques to process the spectral signatures. The results demonstrated that this study involved spectrum smoothing, derivative implementation, and measurements of Normalized Difference Spectral Index (NDSI) and Ratio Spectral Index (RSI) indices. Analysis identified the top 25 Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) for both indices and employed Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to determine ten principal component scores. A ten-component linear regression model was developed, and its effectiveness was assessed. This model was then used to predict N levels in tea gardens. Derivative spectroscopy techniques can improve the effectiveness of indices to estimate the nitrogen concentration as compared to non-derivative indices. The statistics values are always higher for derivative indices. This model was then used to predict N levels in tea gardens. To increase Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), a scheme added three spectra and corresponding N values together then find an average. This procession made very good results on statistics for multiple linear regression. The results are promising, suggesting that further research in this field is needed. Principal component analysis ; Derivative (finance) ; Linear regression ; Second derivative ; Principal component regression ; Nitrogen ; Coefficient of determination ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Correlation coefficient ; Chemometrics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis ; Remote Sensing in Agriculture
Authors: Mercedes Santiago-Calvo | J. C. Merino
Source: Polymers (article, 2026-03-28)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Development in Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites: 1st Edition This Special Issue entitled, “Development in Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites: 1st Edition”, highlights the latest advancements in fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites [...] Polymer ; Natural polymers ; Synthetic polymer ; Smart polymer Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Mechanical Behavior of Composites ; Dielectric materials and actuators
Authors: Хуссам Аккад | Владимир Григорьевич Цуприк
Source: ВЕСТНИК ИНЖЕНЕРНОЙ ШКОЛЫ ДВФУ (article, 2026-03-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Аналитический обзор подходов к совершенствованию норм проектирования высотных зданий для имитационного моделирования их сейсмического отклика В статье рассмотрены современные публикации и нормы по динамическому и нелинейному анализу поведения высотных сооружений при землетрясениях. Анализ основных аспектов нормативного регулирования в ряде исследований выявил некоторые несоответствия фактической сейсмостойкости зданий расчётным требованиям нормативных документов. Отмечается значимость комплексного подхода к оценке сейсмического отклика и долговечности высотных зданий на основе передовых инженерных решений. Особое внимание уделено развитию методов имитационного моделирования, а также учёту неопределённостей в характеристиках проектов. Данные анализа большого числа исследований по теме указывают на необходимость и целесообразность разработки нормативных численных методов с применением нормативных моделей сейсмостойкого поведения зданий с учётом изменений параметров воздействия и отклика конструкции во времени в процессе расчёта модели. The article discusses modern publications and standards on dynamic nonlinear analysis of the behavior of high-rise structures during earthquakes. The analysis of the main aspects of regulatory regulation in a number of studies revealed some inconsistencies between the actual earthquake resistance of buildings and the calculated requirements of regulatory documents. The importance of an integrated approach to assessing the seismic response and durability of high-rise buildings based on advanced engineering solutions is noted. Special attention is paid to the development of simulation modeling methods, as well as to the consideration of uncertainties in the characteristics of projects. Durability ; Seismic analysis ; Earthquake resistance ; Earthquake engineering Structural mechanics and materials ; Engineering and Agricultural Innovations ; Construction Management and Sustainability
Authors: Huong Thi Trinh | Hang Thu Thi Nguyen | Truc Thanh Phan To | Nam V. Hoang | Loan Q. Le | Dung Hoang Nguyen | Trang Huyen Thi Nguyen | Dang Thi Kim Thuy | Giap Dang | Tuan Trong Tran
Source: Plant Biotechnology (article, 2026-01-15)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

&lt;i&gt;Ehretia&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; asperula&lt;/i&gt; from Vietnam: Evaluation of Genetic Diversity, Bioactive compound, and Micropropagation Ehretia asperula Zoll. et Mor. ("Xạ đen") is a valuable medicinal plant widely used in traditional Vietnamese medicine due to its rich content of bioactive compounds. This study investigated the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, and genetic diversity of samples collected from three regions in Vietnam. ITS marker and methods for quantifying secondary metabolites were used to assess the genetic diversity and chemical composition of E. asperula across different collection sites. Although ITS1 sequence analysis showed no significant genetic variation among accessions, there were notable differences in secondary metabolite content. Plants from Hoa Binh province contained the highest levels of total phenolic, flavonoids, and rosmarinic acid, followed by those from Dong Nai and Vinh Phuc provinces. Among the tested solvents, an ethanol-water (30:70, v/v) proved most effective for extracting the targeted compounds. In addition, a micropropagation protocol was successfully established using nodal explants from the plants collected from Hoa Binh province. Optimal surface sterilization was achieved with 0.1% HgCl2 for 16 minutes. Shoots were most efficiently regenerated from nodal explants on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg l-1 KIN. Shoot proliferation was most effective on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg l-1 2-isopentenyladenine, while root induction reached 100% efficiency on MS medium containing 1.0 mg l-1 indole-3-butyric acid. These findings highlight the potential of E. asperula as a sustainable natural antioxidant source and support its continued use in traditional medicine. Micropropagation ; Explant culture ; Secondary metabolite ; Phytochemical ; Genetic diversity ; Shoot ; Rosmarinic acid ; Murashige and Skoog medium Chromatography in Natural Products ; Ginger and Zingiberaceae research ; Biological Stains and Phytochemicals
Authors: Yafang Cui | Lynda S. Perkins | Jingjing Liu | Alastair B. Ross | Jing Sun | Wenyang Jia | Ezequiel Jorge-Smeding | Alix Neveu | Isabelle Legrand | Marie-Pierre Ellies-Oury | Nigel D. Scollan | Jean-Francois Hocquette
Source: Meat Science (article, 2026-02-27)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Beef quality grading using rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) The Rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) technique enables real-time metabolite analysis of intact beef tissues, potentially predicting carcass traits and quality. Two 10-day aged muscles from 66 Limousine cows of a specific production system, rump (m. gluteus medius, RMP, n = 63) and striploin (m. longissimus thoracis, STR, n = 57) were measured using REIMS. The REIMS outputs were used to develop classification and prediction models via orthogonal partial to latent structures-discriminant (OPLS-DA). Variables studied included carcass traits (transport distance, muscle type, EUROP conformation, carcass weight, Meat Standards Australia (MSA) marbling score), laboratory measurements (intramuscular fat (IMF) content, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), compression force), and sensory traits (untrained consumer scores and the calculated meat-eating quality score (MQ4)). Variables were divided into two binary groups based on median values. The REIMS accurately distinguished RMP from STR muscles (test accuracy = 100%), and showed strong associations with transport distance, carcass traits, and laboratory measurements (R<sup>2</sup>Y = 0.86-0.94; Q<sup>2</sup> = 0.55-0.78; test accuracy = 41.7%-66.7%). For sensory quality traits, RMP-based models achieved test accuracies of 63.3%-73.3%, while STR-based models failed to reliably predict any traits (test accuracies <60%). Tentative identification of REIMS features reflected the distinct intrinsic metabolic characteristics between the two muscles. Sensory quality traits in RMP were predominantly influenced by molecules involved in proteolysis and energy metabolism, whereas STR traits were primarily associated with lipid metabolism. These results highlight that REIMS is a rapid, muscle-specific evaluation tool, offering a promising alternative to traditional carcass grading and beef sensory quality assessment, especially in binary classification. Marbled meat ; Medius ; Rump ; Sensory analysis ; Tenderness ; Longissimus Thoracis ; Intramuscular fat ; Sensory system Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Identification and Quantification in Food ; Isotope Analysis in Ecology