jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Tomas Kulik | Jalil Boudjadar
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-10-15)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Cilium and VDM -- Towards Formal Analysis of Cilium Policies Industrial control systems are becoming more distributed and interconnected to allow for interaction with modern computing infrastructures. Furthermore, the amount of data generated by these systems is increasing due to integration of more sensors and the need to increase the reliability of the system based on predictive data models. One challenge in accommodating this data and interconnectivity increase is the change of the architecture of these systems from monolithic to component based, distributed systems. Questions such as how to deploy and operate such distributed system with many sub-components arise. One approach is the use of kubernetes to orchestrate the different components as containers. The critical nature of the industrial control systems however often requires strict component isolation and network segmentation to satisfy security requirements. Cilium is a popular network overlay for kubernetes that enables definition of network policies between different components running as kubernetes pods. The network policies are crucial for maintaining the secure operation of the system, however analysis of deployed policies is often lacking. In this paper, we explore the use of a formal analysis of Cilium network policies using VDM-SL. We provide examples of Cilium policies, an approach how they could be formalised using VDM-SL and analyse several scenarios to validate the policies against a model of simple real-life system. Cilium ; Computer science ; Biology ; Cell biology Catalytic Processes in Materials Science ; Muon and positron interactions and applications
Authors: Ulrike Reinhardt | Lilia Sabantina | Malin Schiller | Soraya Flohr | Anne-Marie Miene | Patrizia Zimmermann
Source:  (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Comparison of the real and virtual falling behaviour of textile fabrics The mechanical deformation behaviour of textiles can be divided into textile drape and drapability. Both determine the overall appearance, aesthetics and fit of garments. In garment simulation, this behaviour must be simulated as realistically as possible in order to enable a meaningful evaluation of design and construction. It is important to understand the relationships between physical textile properties and textile fall. In this study, the real and simulated textile drop are examined and compared. The drop coefficient serves as a numerical measure. The real textile drape according to Cusick and the simulated textile drape are determined for three cotton fabrics with different weave constructions. A subjective image comparison evaluates the simulation quality. As a result of this study, a considerable deviation between simulated and real fabric behaviour can be observed, especially with regard to the anisotropy of textile material. Therefore, further research should focus on the development of simulation algorithms that take into account the anisotropic nature of textiles and ensure that the simulations accurately reflect the behaviour of the fabric in different directions. In addition to the need to ensure access to the simulation algorithms, the introduction of standardized data collection methods is essential for the further spread of simulation in the apparel industry. A coordinated effort to define these standards and best practices will facilitate collaboration and enable more accurate and reliable simulations across different organizations and platforms. Falling (accident) ; Textile ; Computer science ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Psychology Textile materials and evaluations ; 3D Shape Modeling and Analysis ; Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques
Authors: C Ilg
Source: Materials research proceedings (article, 2024-04-19)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

The experimental full-field method (EFFM) for parameter calibration applied on an anisotropic constitutive model Abstract. Accurate characterization of material models is essential to ensure a higher prediction quality in Finite Element Analysis (FEA) under general loading conditions in sheet metal forming. Achieving accurate material model data frequently involves intricate inverse analysis techniques and numerous experimental tests. To overcome the complexities associated with calibration processes, the adoption of optical measuring systems like Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is widespread in material model calibration. The rich information obtained from DIC measurements is often used by material model calibration strategies to calibrate the values of material or model parameters, such as extrapolation of stress-strain curves or Lankford parameters that are not necessarily constant over the entire range of plastic deformation. This study presents the Experimental Full-Field Method (EFFM) as an innovative iterative approach for the calibration of material properties. As a special implementation of Finite Element Model Update (FEMU) [1], the EFFM uses the whole deformation field gained from DIC as boundary conditions [2]. This is then used in an inverse optimization procedure to determine parameters of complex material models. In this research, the EFFM is applied to an anisotropic constitutive model [3] to optimize three flow curves in 0°, 45° and 90° directions w.r.t. the rolling direction and the yield surface exponent, which reflects the polycrystal structure of the sheet material, to define the shape of the evolving yield locus in stress space. This is achieved by a modified tensile test specimen with L-shaped cut-outs which allows a distribution of higher strain values over a wider range of triaxiality values. With the direct use of the experimental deformation field in the FE simulation, displacements and strains are not any more objects of the optimization but only stresses. This also eliminates the step of mapping between experiments and simulations. Moreover, by using implicit time integration the inversion of the stiffness matrix becomes redundant, as positions of all nodes are already predetermined at each time step. These aspects make EFFM faster and more accurate than conventional FEMU. Calibration ; Constitutive equation ; Anisotropy ; Field (mathematics) ; Computer science ; Optics ; Mathematics ; Physics ; Structural engineering ; Engineering ; Finite element method ; Statistics High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Elasticity and Material Modeling
Authors: André Luís Pereira de Albuquerque | Diego M. E. Gonçalves | Marcelo Vilela da Silva | Giovanni L. de Stefani | Roberto Schirru
Source:  (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

APPLICATION OF PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION FOR SBU CONFIGURATION WITH PLATE-TYPE FUEL AND ROD-TYPE BLANKET WITH MIXED THORIUM-URANIUM FUEL Semana Nacional de Engenharia Nuclear e da Energia e Ciências das Radiações (978-65-272-0986-7) - Application Of Particle Swarm Optimization For Sbu Configuration With Plate-Type Fuel And Rod-Type Blanket With Mixed Thorium-Uranium Fuel Blanket ; Thorium fuel cycle ; Thorium ; Uranium ; Nuclear engineering ; Materials science ; Particle swarm optimization ; Particle (ecology) ; MOX fuel ; Composite material ; Computer science ; Engineering ; Metallurgy ; Geology Nuclear Materials and Properties
Authors: Zary Luz Cuadrado-Jiménez | Eyleen Carolina Restrepo-Martinez | Kevin Antonio Berrio-Bracamonte | Rosa Acevedo‐Barrios | Edisson Chavarro‐Mesa | Carolina Rubiano‐Labrador | Danilo Lusbin Ariza Rúa | Alberto Patiño-Vanegas
Source:  (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Color segmentation to measure the percentage of the affected area in leaves with signs of chlorosis Observing the signs of deterioration caused by environmental pollutants and some phytopathogens in plants, a computational algorithm programmed in Python language was developed using image processing tools to determine the percentage of damage in leaves with signs of chlorosis. In the present study, the following stages were implemented, i) image collection, using bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants exposed to perchlorate, and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) plants affected by the phytopathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA. ii) Image processing, by implementing the OpenCV-Python package that allowed segmentation and binarization of the images. Finally, the result of the binarization was compared with an approximation of a healthy leaf, and the percentage of affected leaf area compared with the healthy leaf obtained. Meanwhile, the timely detection of diseases in plants and crops is a determining factor for the efficiency of agricultural production, as well as the assessment and presence of chemical substances that affect the environment and human health. Measure (data warehouse) ; Segmentation ; Chlorosis ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer science ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Computer vision ; Horticulture ; Data mining ; Biology Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
Authors: I.M.F. Pinto | Marc Botifoll | Yuki Wang | Chen Wang | Jordi Arbiol
Source: BIO Web of Conferences (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

FFT denoising methodology through CNN for the study of WS2 vacancies Fast Fourier transform ; Noise reduction ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Environmental science ; Algorithm 2D Materials and Applications ; MXene and MAX Phase Materials ; Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
Authors: Nurhidayati Harun | Susan Sintia Ramdhani | Ahfira Puteri Hariandja
Source: Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (article, 2024-09-19)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Antibacterial Activity Test of Olive Leaf (Olea europaea L.) Extract Eyes Ointment on The Growth of Staphylococcus aureus The use of herbal medicines is rapidly increasing among people around the world. Olive (Olea europaea L.) is a plant that has many known benefits, one of which is as an antibacterial. However, there is still minimal research using olive leaf as an antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of olive leaf extract eye ointment on Staphylococcus aureus. Three formulations of eye ointment with the active ingredient of olive leaf extract (Olea europaea L.), with concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%. All eye ointment preparations are tested for physical properties, including organoleptic tests, homogeneity tests, pH tests, spreadability tests, adhesion tests and sterility tests. The antibacterial activity was tested using the well method technique by calculating the inhibition zone. The physical quality test results show that all formulas comply with good formula standards. Zone of inhibition (mm) antibacterial activity test showed that the concentrations of olive leaf extract eye ointment at 25% (15.67), 50% (16.67), and 75% (17.67 ). It can be concluded that the higher the concentration of the extract, the greater the inhibitory power given. Olive extract eye ointment is able to provide antibacterial effects, especially at a concentration of 75% which can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus Olea ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Traditional medicine ; Antibacterial activity ; Biology ; Botany ; Medicine ; Bacteria Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Edible Oils Quality and Analysis ; Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Eduarda da Costa Oliveira | Rian Ferreira da Silva | Matheus Pereira da Silva | Antonio Thiago Pereira Brito | Bernardo Rurik Aparecido Gomes
Source: Revista Foco (article, 2024-08-06)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

ANÁLISE DA FADIGA EM MATERIAIS METÁLICOS COM ÊNFASE NA MECÂNICA DOS SÓLIDOS Este trabalho propõe uma revisão abrangente sobre o estudo da fadiga em materiais metálicos, com foco na mecânica dos sólidos. O objeto de estudo aborda os mecanismos de fadiga, os métodos de análise, as propriedades mecânicas e as inovações tecnológicas relacionadas a esse fenômeno. O objetivo é investigar e sintetizar os avanços recentes na compreensão da fadiga em materiais metálicos e destacar as principais contribuições da mecânica dos sólidos nesse campo. A metodologia adotada inclui uma revisão sistemática da literatura, com base em fontes como livros, artigos científicos e eventos acadêmicos, utilizando critérios de seleção para identificar estudos relevantes. Os resultados e conclusões destacam a complexidade dos mecanismos de fadiga, influenciados pela microestrutura dos materiais e por fatores operacionais. A análise dos métodos de ensaio de fadiga e das propriedades mecânicas dos materiais revela a importância da caracterização detalhada para prever o comportamento em fadiga. Além disso, são discutidas as implicações práticas das inovações tecnológicas, como novos tratamentos térmicos e o desenvolvimento de ligas metálicas avançadas. As lacunas identificadas na literatura apontam para oportunidades de pesquisa futura, incluindo a integração de técnicas avançadas de modelagem computacional e a investigação de materiais mais resistentes à fadiga. Em suma, esta revisão contribui para o avanço do conhecimento na área da fadiga em materiais metálicos, oferecendo uma base sólida para futuras pesquisas e aplicações práticas. Animal science ; Biology Material Selection and Properties ; Chemistry Education and Research
Authors: Felipe Hiroshi Kano Inazumi | Letícia Rittner
Source:  (article, 2024-09-30)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Identificação de próteses em imagens odontológicas: evitando imagens ionizantes com o uso de informações hiperespectrais As imagens hiperespectrais, imagens em múltiplos comprimentos de onda do espectro eletromagnético da luz que vão além do espectro visível, vêm sendo bastante utilizadas para o diagnóstico médico e voltadas principalmente para a classificação de tecidos saudáveis ou malignos, devido a sua capacidade de detectar alterações em alguns marcadores biológicos, como a saturação do oxigênio. Contudo, a segmentação utilizando imagens hiperespectrais, que consiste em agrupar regiões de interesse na imagem, como por exemplo órgãos, tecidos e lesões, ainda é pouco estudada na literatura, apesar do seu grande potencial. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar se imagens hiperespectrais de reflectância oral e dentária auxiliam na diferenciação entre prótese e enamel (esmalte dentário). Experimentos de segmentação usando um dataset público de imagens orais e dentárias (ODSI-DB) mostraram um melhor desempenho da U-Net treinada com imagens hiperespectrais, quando comparada com uma treinada com imagens RGB. A avaliação qualitativa mostrou também que há um grande número de máscaras de segmentação manual da classe prótese inconsistentes (41%), indicando que possivelmente o desempenho da U-Net é muito melhor do que o Dice medido. Physics ; Humanities ; Art Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies ; Remote-Sensing Image Classification
Authors: Campbell, Paul
Source: Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (article, 2024-06-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

High speed observation of microbubble cavitation with single and multi-trap holographic spatial control:Progress and Prospects Unger and Marston presented their seminal approach for studying cavitation processes at the single bubble level in 1988: demonstrating that laser-based optical trapping could be used to oppose the buoyancy force of bubbles in solution, and so afford a level of stable spatial control [1]. Since then, the exploitation of that valuable conceptual methodology has been subdued, with sparing use in observing bespoke cavitation arrangements occurring much later (circa 2003-2008) in the context of sonoporation. Here, the development of microbubbles containing a thin outer shell offering longevity as ultrasound contrast agents, together with the recognition that their presence during insonation could be used to enhance the uptake of exogenous species [i.e. drugs and genetic material] into cells and tissues led to a comparatively brief flurry of activity aimed at assessing the microscopic, and microsecond, mechanism whereby sonopores could be formed. Since then, a few insights have emerged using the methodology of optically trapped microbubbles, however it is probably fair to say that progress has been much slower than expected. This paper will examine and review the interim progress as well as assessing which new experiments might be worth trying as laser technology and dynamic holography evolve. Cavitation ; Holography ; Context (archaeology) ; Bespoke ; Bubble ; Microbubbles Ultrasound and Cavitation Phenomena ; Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications ; Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging
Authors: S. A. Becher | S. P. Shlyakhtenkov | E. V. Boyarkin | K.V. Kanifadin | K. V. Vlasov
Source: Vestnik IzhGTU imeni M T Kalashnikova (article, 2024-03-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Influence of Ultrasonic Testing Sensitivity Adjusting Method on Its Distribution over the Welded Joints Thickness of Building Structures Welding is one of the most commonly used methods of manufacturing critical steel structures: beams and supports of buildings and bridges, frames and bodies of rolling stock. At the same time, the manufacturing quality of welded joints directly affects the strength and durability of structures. Currently used weld manufacturing technologies include ultrasonic testing in order to increase the reliability and failure-free operation of welded structures. The methods of ultrasound control are regulated by several standards: GOST R ISO 17640, STO-GC Transstroy-005-2007 and GOST R 55724, each of which defines different ways to adjust sensitivity. In these conditions, the issue of analyzing the ultrasound control results performed in accordance with various regulatory documents is relevant. A comparative analysis of the ultrasonic inspection sensitivity distribution over the weld thickness was carried out using two cylindrical control reflectors and tuning samples with reflectors of the lateral cylindrical hole and notch types. A sample with cylindrical reflectors with diameters of 2 mm and 3 mm was developed and manufactured to adjust the sensitivity of welded joint ultrasonic inspection by the DAC method according to ISO 17640 and two-zone control by direct and single-reflected beams according to STO-GC “Transstroy”-005-2007. The regularities of amplitude changes and detection coefficient of reflector signals located at different depths with different methods of sensitivity adjustment at a frequency of 5 MHz have been experimentally established. It has been experimentally shown that the use of cylindrical reflectors and notches for leveling sensitivity in the depth of the welded joint with a product thickness of up to 15 mm is equivalent with an unevenness of no more than 1.5 dB. To ensure uniform sensitivity with an uncertainty of no more than 2 dB, a two-parameter RF can be used, adjusted by three reflectors located at the boundaries of the control zone and at the midpoint. Sensitivity (control systems) ; Ultrasonic testing ; Ultrasonic sensor ; Welding ; Materials science ; Structural engineering ; Composite material ; Acoustics ; Engineering ; Physics ; Electronic engineering Material Properties and Failure Mechanisms ; Industrial Engineering and Technologies ; Engineering Diagnostics and Reliability
Authors: Shan Guan | Gaoming Jiang | Bingxian Li
Source: Autex Research Journal (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

3D simulation of double-needle bar warp-knitted clustered pile fabrics on DFS Abstract The shortcomings of traditional pile fabric design and simulation in simulating clustered structures are addressed in this study by proposing a new three-dimensional (3D) simulation method. To accurately capture the details of clustered pile fabrics, a fine geometric model of a single pile loop is first established, and a novel geometric transformation algorithm, combined with rotational transformations and trigonometric calculations, is employed to achieve the natural aggregation of pile fibers, resulting in a highly realistic clustered structure. Additionally, to enhance design flexibility and accuracy, a pile design pattern is introduced, and for the first time, a Depth-First Search (DFS) algorithm is utilized for precise pattern recognition and determination of the directions of pile fibers, effectively solving the challenges of clustered area identification. To enhance the visual realism of the simulation, the Phong illumination model is adopted to simulate the lighting effects on the fabric surface, and blurring processes are applied to eliminate sharp edges and noise, resulting in a softer and more natural simulation output. Based on the recognition results from the DFS algorithm, the directions of the pile fibers are finely adjusted to achieve a realistic simulation of clustered pile fabrics. Experimental validation demonstrates that the proposed method produces 3D simulation results that closely resemble actual pile fabrics, demonstrating significant practical value and innovation. Bar (unit) ; Pile ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Structural engineering ; Engineering drawing ; Engineering ; Mechanical engineering ; Physics Textile materials and evaluations ; 3D Shape Modeling and Analysis ; Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques
Authors: Jacob Feltman | Shane Coffing | John Tipton | Todd Urbatsch | Wyatt Madden | Kelsey Adler | Chris L. Fryer
Source:  (article, 2024-10-17)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Deep-Spec: Can we predict the temperature and density state of the COAX target from absorption spectra information with a deep learning network on simulated data? Network structure for a generative surrogate model Dataset for generative surrogate model Various resultsCan we predict the temperature and density state of the COAX target from absorption spectra information with a deep learning network on simulated data?10/16/24 Spec# ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Spectral line ; State (computer science) ; Computer science ; Deep learning ; Artificial intelligence ; Materials science ; Physics ; Optics ; Algorithm Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Nuclear Physics and Applications ; Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
Authors: Tongliang Liu | Shida Sun
Source: International Journal of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering (article, 2024-04-15)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Research and Characteristic Analysis of A New Type of Dual Winding Electromagnetic Brake Taking the electromagnetic brake as the research object, a new structure of double-winding electromagnetic brake is proposed in view of the serious temperature rise phenomenon of traditional single-winding electromagnetic brake, the high requirement of insulation level and the obvious decrease of electromagnetic force. The equivalent magnetic circuit method is used to analyze and calculate the magnetic field, and the simulation model of the new brake is constructed, and the influence of different parameters on the braking characteristics of the double-winding electromagnetic brake is analyzed by the single-variable method, and the influence curves of each parameter on the electromagnetic force and response time are obtained. At the same time, the magnetic-thermal coupling analysis of the double-winding electromagnetic brake is carried out, and the results show that the total ampere-turns and power of the double-winding electromagnetic brake decreases by 15.3% in the same proportion, the rated electromagnetic force decreases by 22.9%, the release time grows by 23.7%, and the closure time is shortened by 14.6%. Dual (grammatical number) ; Brake ; Type (biology) ; Electrical engineering ; Physics ; Mathematics ; Automotive engineering ; Engineering ; Geology ; Art Metallurgy and Material Science ; Industrial Technology and Control Systems