jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Sansela Neonbeni | Grandianus Seda Mada | Fried Markus Allung Blegur
Source: Jurnal Saintek Lahan Kering (article, 2023-01-07)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Analisis Perbandingan Metode Defuzzifikasi Fuzzy Inference System Mamdani Dalam Penentuan Produksi Tua Kolo (Sopi Timor) 45% Pada Pabrik Sane Up-Ana Kefamenanu Tua Kolo (Sopi Timor) merupakan salah satu produk alkohol lokal yang sangat erat hubungannya dengan budaya masyrakat Timor. Minuman ini sering digunakan dalam berbagai acara adat istiadat seperi pernikahan, pemakaman, dll. Tua Kolo berbahan dasar nira lontar dan diproses melalui fermentasi dan destilasi secara tradisional. Pabrik Sane Up-ana merupakan salah satu pabrik di tanah Timor yang memproduksi Tua Kolo. Tingkat produksi pabrik tidak selalu tetap dalam setiap periode, dimana permintaan konsumen berubah-ubah setiap bulan bahkan setiap hari sehingga pabrik terkadang tidak mampu memenuhi permintaan pasar akibat permintaan yang meningkat dan kurangnya persediaan. Ketidakpastian dalam menentukan jumlah produksi menyebabkan kerugian pada pabrik sehingga diperlukan suatu metode yang dapat mengoptimalkan jumlah produksi agar keuntungan pabrik dapat meningkat. Metode yang dapat digunakan untuk menentukan keputusan berdasarkan ketidakpasian data adalah fuzzy inference system (FIS). Metode ini didasarkan pada konsep logika fuzzy. Salah satu metode FIS yang paling sering digunakan dalam menentukan jumlah produksi adalah metode FIS Mamdani. Proses penentuan keputusan akhir dengan metode ini memiliki beberapa tahap yaitu aplikasi fungsi implikasi, komposisi aturan dan defuzzifikasi. Untuk tahap defuzzifikasi, terdapat lima metode yang dapat digunakan yaitu metode Centroid, metode Bisektor, metode Mean Of Maximum (MOM), metode Smallest Of Maximum (SOM) dan metode Largest Of Maximum (LOM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jumlah produksi Tua Kolo 45% dengan mempertimbangkan permintaan, persediaan produk dan persediaan bahan baku. Untuk memperoleh hasil yang optimal pertama-tama akan diselidiki metode defuzzifikasi terbaik yang akan digunakan dalam sistem. Dalam penentuan metode defuzzifikasi terbaik digunakan ukuran MAPE. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa centroid merupakan metode defuzzifikasi terbaik dengan tingkat kesalahan prediksi sebesar 18,95% atau tingkat ketelitian sebesar 81,05% sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode centroid sangat cocok dalam memproduksi tua kolo (sopi Timor) pada Pabrik Sane Up-ana Kefamenanu. Physics ; Mathematics ; Humanities ; Art Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Information Retrieval and Data Mining ; Data Mining and Machine Learning Applications
Authors: Daniel Zuluaga-Astudillo | Carlos J. Slebi-Acevedo | Juan Carlos Ruge | Javier Fernando Camacho Tauta | Bernardo Caicedo
Source: Buildings (article, 2023-12-23)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Diatomaceous Soils and Advances in Geotechnical Engineering—Part II In the geotechnical area, advances in diatomaceous soil research are laconic and mainly oriented towards understanding the primary soil response (typical characterization methods) considering observation and experience (failures in construction processes or unexpected laboratory results) more than following a scientific method. Coincident results have been evidenced in the correspondence between the content of frustules, the effective friction angle and the water retention capacity. However, the variables and processes that control some mechanical behaviors have yet to be documented in the literature, such as the level of fracturing of the frustules and its relation with interlocked behavior, compressibility and shear strength. In addition to the bibliographic background, SEM microscopy records are presented. These facilitate the understanding of the described phenomena. The images highlight the level of deterioration, the environment, the morphology and the pores present in diatoms of different origins. The morphology (as a function of the species) of intact or fractured frustules (depending on the stress record) affects the mechanical responses and volumetric variations of the diatomaceous deposits. Furthermore, this review presents some emerging research lines in diatomaceous soils, such as the subjection of structures to geotechnical centrifuge conditions, some constitutive models and the criteria for developing water retention curves. Geotechnical engineering ; Centrifuge ; Soil water ; Compressibility ; Geology ; Shear (geology) ; Shear strength (soil) ; Characterization (materials science) ; Materials science ; Engineering ; Soil science ; Nanotechnology ; Physics Diatoms and Algae Research ; Grouting, Rheology, and Soil Mechanics ; Microbial Applications in Construction Materials
Authors: Rafael Stroggilos | Aggeliki Tserga | Jérôme Zoidakis | Antonia Vlahou | Manousos Makridakis
Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews (review, 2023-08-03)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Tissue proteomics repositories for data reanalysis We are approaching the third decade since the establishment of the very first proteomics repositories back in the mid-'00s. New experimental approaches and technologies continuously enrich the field while producing vast amounts of mass spectrometry data. Together with initiatives to establish standard terminology and file formats, proteomics is rapidly transforming into a mature component of systems biology. Here we describe the ProteomeXchange consortium repositories. We specifically search, collect and evaluate public human tissue datasets (categorized as "complete" by the repository) submitted in 2015-2022, to both map the existing information and assess the data set reusability. Human tissue data are variably represented in the repositories reviewed, ranging between 10% and 25% of the total data submitted, with cancers being the most represented, followed by neuronal and cardiovascular diseases. About half of the retrieved data sets were found to lack annotations or metadata necessary to directly replicate the analysis. This poses a rough challenge to data reusability and highlights the need to increase awareness of the mage-tab file format for metadata in the community. Overall, proteomics repositories have evolved greatly over the past 7 years, as they have grown in size and become equipped with various powerful applications and tools that enable data searching and analytical tasks. However, to make the most of this potential, priority must be given to finding ways to secure detailed metadata for each submission, which is likely the next major milestone for proteomics repositories. Metadata ; Terminology ; Computer science ; Proteomics ; Controlled vocabulary ; Data management ; Information repository ; Data science ; Information retrieval ; World Wide Web ; Database ; Chemistry ; Computer data storage Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Scientific Computing and Data Management ; Research Data Management Practices
Authors: Margaret A Felix | James T Isaacs | Philip J Almeter | Bradley S Henderson | Aaron N Hunter | Thomas L Platt | Robert A. Lodder
Source: PubMed (article, 2023-06-25)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Variability in Content of Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate SOLU-CORTEF<sup>Ⓡ</sup> Sterile Powder is a type of anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid that contains hydrocortisone sodium succinate as its active ingredient. It can be administered intravenously or intramuscularly, and comes in several packages including 100 mg plain vials without diluent. The diluent, which is part of the ACT-O-VIAL system, contains only Water for Injection and no preservatives. The pH of each formula is adjusted with sodium hydroxide to ensure it falls within the specified range of 7 to 8 after reconstitution. Intralot variability was detected in lot GA6092. Measuring in the PC subspace using just PCs 4, 5 and 6, vial 12 plots 4.2 BEST SDs from the center of the cluster, and vial 7 is 3.7 SDs from the center. Vial 18 appears 3.1 SDS from the center of the cluster (3/18, 17%). Interlot variability was also found in the spectral library (lots GA6092, GK7048, GM6839, GR8925, FL8062, FN6860, FR1914, and FR5098) containing the spectra of 126 hydrocortisone sodium succinate vials. Vial ; Diluent ; Chemistry ; Sodium hydroxide ; Sodium ; Preservative ; Hydrocortisone ; Chromatography ; Nuclear chemistry ; Biochemistry ; Organic chemistry Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Authors: Ruqaiya Al‐Abri | Nawal Al‐Amairi | Stephen Church | Conor Byrne | Sudhakar Sivakumar | Alex S. Walton | Martin H. Magnusson | Patrick Parkinson
Source: Small (article, 2023-04-24)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Sub‐Picosecond Carrier Dynamics Explored using Automated High‐Throughput Studies of Doping Inhomogeneity within a Bayesian Framework Bottom-up production of semiconductor nanomaterials is often accompanied by inhomogeneity resulting in a spread in electronic properties which may be influenced by the nanoparticle geometry, crystal quality, stoichiometry, or doping. Using photoluminescence spectroscopy of a population of more than 11 000 individual zinc-doped gallium arsenide nanowires, inhomogeneity is revealed in, and correlation between doping and nanowire diameter by use of a Bayesian statistical approach. Recombination of hot-carriers is shown to be responsible for the photoluminescence lineshape; by exploiting lifetime variation across the population, hot-carrier dynamics is revealed at the sub-picosecond timescale showing interband electronic dynamics. High-throughput spectroscopy together with a Bayesian approach are shown to provide unique insight in an inhomogeneous nanomaterial population, and can reveal electronic dynamics otherwise requiring complex pump-probe experiments in highly non-equilibrium conditions. Picosecond ; Photoluminescence ; Materials science ; Doping ; Population ; Nanomaterials ; Spectroscopy ; Gallium arsenide ; Chemical physics ; Optoelectronics ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Physics ; Optics Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties ; Nanowire Synthesis and Applications ; Machine Learning in Materials Science
Authors: Zhiren Zhu | Remillard, Sawyer | Bachir A. Abeid | Frolkin, Danila | Bryngelson, Spencer H. | Yang, Jin | Rodriguez,, Mauro | Jonathan B. Estrada
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2023-02-08)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Parsimonious inertial cavitation rheometry via bubble collapse time The rapid and accurate characterization of soft, viscoelastic materials at high strain rates is of interest in biological and engineering applications. Examples include assessing the extent of tissue ablation during histotripsy procedures and developing injury criteria for the mitigation of blast injuries. The inertial microcavitation rheometry technique (IMR, Estrada et al., 2018) allows for the characterization of local viscoelastic properties at strain rates up to 1E8 per second. However, IMR now typically relies on bright-field videography of a sufficiently translucent sample at &gt;1 million frames per second and a simulation-dependent fit optimization process that can require hours of post-processing. Here, we present an improved IMR-style technique, called parsimonious inertial microcavitation rheometry (pIMR), that parsimoniously characterizes surrounding viscoelastic materials. The pIMR approach uses experimental advancements to estimate the time to first collapse of the laser-induced cavity within approximately 20 ns and a theoretical energy balance analysis that yields an approximate collapse time based on the material viscoelasticity parameters. The pIMR method closely matches the accuracy of the original IMR procedure while decreasing the computational cost from hours to seconds while potentially reducing reliance on ultra-high-speed videography. This technique can enable nearly real-time characterization of soft, viscoelastic hydrogels and biological materials with a numerical criterion assessing the correct choice of model. We illustrate the efficacy of the technique on batches of tens of experiments for both soft hydrogels and fluids. Rheometry ; Cavitation ; Viscoelasticity ; Inertial frame of reference ; Characterization (materials science) ; Mechanics ; Materials science ; Fluid–structure interaction ; Inertial measurement unit ; Constitutive equation ; Classical mechanics ; Computer science ; Physics ; Nanotechnology ; Thermodynamics ; Composite material ; Finite element method ; Artificial intelligence Ultrasound and Cavitation Phenomena ; Fluid Dynamics Simulations and Interactions ; Rheology and Fluid Dynamics Studies
Authors: Christian Mier Escurra | Armando Rodrigo Mor | Peter Vaessen
Source: Measurement (article, 2023-12-07)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A directional coupler for partial discharge measurements in gas-insulated substations This paper introduces a directional coupler for partial discharge (PD) measurements in gas-insulated substations (GIS). The sensor comprises a combination of magnetic and electric couplers, effectively segregating forward and backward pulses to enhance PD charge estimation and defect location. The sensor's design was supported with finite element method simulations and measurements conducted in a transverse electromagnetic test bench. Comparative analyses were performed against independent magnetic and electric couplers. The charge estimation and the directional coupler's directivity were evaluated in both the test bench and a full-scale GIS with different PD defects. Initially, the combined magnetic and the electric couplers exhibited undesired interactions, prompting corrective measures. Subsequent adjustments included changes to the electric coupler material and modifications to the magnetic coupler construction. The resulting high-voltage directional coupler performed better than the separated couplers in a GIS with discontinuities. This partial discharge sensor emerges as a candidate for future SF6-free alternative GIS. © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Directivity ; Partial discharge ; Hybrid coupler ; Classification of discontinuities ; Power dividers and directional couplers ; Voltage ; Acoustics ; Electrical engineering ; Test bench ; Engineering ; High voltage ; Electronic engineering ; Materials science ; Physics High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation ; Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena
Authors: Mustafa Mohammed Salman | Mahmoud Mustafa Mahdi | Majida Khalil Ahmed
Source: Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (article, 2023-12-13)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Optimization of solar powered air conditioning system using alternating Peltier power supply Solar-powered thermoelectric air conditioning systems offer distinct advantages over traditional cooling methods, including thermal comfort, absence of moving parts, and eco-friendliness as they operate on solar energy. Despite these benefits, they exhibit a lower coefficient of performance (COP) compared to conventional systems. In this study, a solar-powered thermoelectric air conditioning system based on the Peltier effect was experimentally investigated in Baghdad during September (39 °C to 32 °C). The system was designed to cool a small 1 m³ test room. The six Peltier modules were divided into groups, each powered by a different electrical source with varying ON/OFF intervals. The highest COP achieved was 0.649, with an optimal outlet air temperature of 22-23 °C and a 20 minute switching cycle. Notably, the inlet air velocity directly influenced COP and outgoing air temperature. The study also indicated improved performance at reduced air flow, making Peltier air coolers ideal for hot regions. Thermoelectric effect ; Coefficient of performance ; Air conditioning ; Thermoelectric cooling ; Solar energy ; Airflow ; Environmental science ; Automotive engineering ; Thermoelectric generator ; Electrical engineering ; Materials science ; Meteorology ; Mechanical engineering ; Engineering ; Heat pump ; Thermodynamics ; Physics ; Heat exchanger Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Heat Transfer and Optimization ; Building Energy and Comfort Optimization
Authors: Nisrina Imtinan | Heru Kuswanto
Source: JIPF (Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Fisika) (review, 2023-05-10)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

The Use of Phyphox Application in Physics Experiments: A Literature Review Nowadays, the most popular gadget owned by students is a smartphone. The sophistication of smartphones is not only used by students as a communication tool, but also internet browsing, reading e-books, and various other features that can facilitate student activities. In particular, smartphones create conditions for accessing educational programs, scientific materials, and mobile applications for field experiments. Many sensors are integrated in smartphones, thereby adding to the functionality of the smartphone itself. For example, basically every smartphone has an acceleration sensor that is used to determine orientation relative to the acceleration of gravity, a magnetometer to help GPS sensors for navigation, as well as a light sensor and a gyroscope to measure rotational speed. Pressure sensors are also available on some smartphones which can be used as indoor navigation. All of these sensors can be read with the appropriate application and can be used for smartphone-based school experiments, especially in Physics learning. Phyphox is one such sensor reading application that offers many features on it. This study provides reference for the Physics experiments innovation using Phyphox that can also help Physics educational practitioners and researchers to improve the scope and quality of Physics learning programs. Psychology Various Chemistry Research Topics
Authors: Omar A. El Seoud | Nicolas Keppeler | Daiana M. Furlan Sandrini | Giovanni Rodrigues Morselli
Source: Journal of Chemical Education (article, 2023-07-03)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Active Learning in the Undergraduate Chemistry Laboratory: Synthesis of Biodiesel from an Amazon Region Oil (Babassu): Keep It Simple! An active-learning approach was employed in a project for our chemistry major students on the synthesis of biodiesel (BD) from an Amazon region oil. The project, involving activities in class and in the laboratory, was given during 8 weeks of the spring semester of 2022. The students were asked about their previous contact with the synthesis and analysis of BD, ionic liquids as solvents and catalysts, and the use of chemometrics for yield optimization. The students were asked to do a literature survey, suggesting renewable starting materials (oil and alcohol) and a homogeneous catalyst for BD synthesis. The students selected babassu oil, bioethanol, and a Brønsted acid as a task-specific ionic liquid catalyst. As independent experimental variables, the students suggested studying the effects of reaction mixture composition (oil, alcohol, catalyst) and reaction time and temperature. Based on a second questionnaire, the students chose viscosity for the determination of the BD yield. By using design of experiment and varying the molar ratios of bioethanol/babassu oil (6–12) and catalyst/babassu oil (0.1–0.2) and reaction time (1–2 h), the students calculated the effect of these variables on BD yield. The resulting mathematical correlations were validated by using additional experiments. Measuring product viscosity, after its appropriate purification, is a simple and attractive alternative to gas chromatography, being less time- and energy-consuming. The students positively evaluated the project because of the socioeconomic importance of BD, the use of renewable starting materials, application of chemometrics for yield optimization, and they were involved in decision making. Yield (engineering) ; Biodiesel ; Chemistry ; Ionic liquid ; Chemometrics ; Biofuel ; Green chemistry ; Catalysis ; Chemical engineering ; Organic chemistry ; Process engineering ; Pulp and paper industry ; Chromatography ; Waste management ; Materials science ; Engineering ; Composite material Various Chemistry Research Topics ; Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ; Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
Authors: Yigitcan Comlek | Liwei Wang | Wei Chen
Source: Journal of Mechanical Design (article, 2023-11-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Mixed-Variable Global Sensitivity Analysis for Knowledge Discovery and Efficient Combinatorial Materials Design Abstract Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) is the study of the influence of any given input on the outputs of a model. In the context of engineering design, GSA has been widely used to understand both individual and collective contributions of design variables on the design objectives. So far, global sensitivity studies have often been limited to design spaces with only quantitative (numerical) design variables. However, many engineering systems also contain, if not only, qualitative (categorical) design variables in addition to quantitative design variables. In this paper, we integrate Latent Variable Gaussian Process (LVGP) with Sobol’ analysis to develop the first metamodel-based mixed-variable GSA method. Through numerical case studies, we validate and demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method for mixed-variable problems. Furthermore, while the proposed GSA method is general enough to benefit various engineering design applications, we integrate it with multi-objective Bayesian optimization (BO) to create a sensitivity-aware design framework in accelerating the Pareto front design exploration for metal-organic framework (MOF) materials with many-level combinatorial design spaces. Although MOFs are constructed only from qualitative variables that are notoriously difficult to design, our method can utilize sensitivity analysis to navigate the optimization in the many-level large combinatorial design space, greatly expediting the exploration of novel MOF candidates. Expediting ; Sobol sequence ; Computer science ; Engineering design process ; Sensitivity (control systems) ; Categorical variable ; Variable (mathematics) ; Context (archaeology) ; Probabilistic design ; Design of experiments ; Mathematical optimization ; Surrogate model ; Machine learning ; Systems engineering ; Mathematics ; Engineering Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Computational Drug Discovery Methods ; Thermal and Kinetic Analysis
Authors: Yang Liu | Guo Yu | Jian Cheng | Chao Jiang | Xinzhe Wang | Lianbo Ma
Source:  (article, 2023-09-22)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Transferable Preference Learning Assist Multi-Objective Decision Analysis for Hydrocracking Hydrocracking is a complex and time-consuming chemical process converting heavy oil fractions into various valuable products with low billing points, which plays a pivotal role in improving the quality of products in the oil refining process. Therefore, designing efficient surrogate models to simulate the hydrocracking process and finding appropriate solutions for multi-objective oil refining process become a research topic. To this end, we propose a novel transferable preference learning driven evolutionary algorithm for the multi-objective decision analysis in the oil refining process. Specifically, we firstly take account of the user preference to partition the objective space into a region of interest (ROI) and other subspaces, and then adopt Kriging models to approximate the sub-problems in the ROI. After that, we transfer the mutual information between the sub-problems in the ROI to enhance the robustness and generalization ability of the Kriging models during the evolutionary process. The results of the experiments on the the oil refining process have showcased the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed approach in the multi-objective optimization and decision analysis. Preference ; Computer science ; Preference learning ; Artificial intelligence ; Mathematics ; Statistics Petroleum Processing and Analysis ; Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies ; Coal Combustion and Slurry Processing