jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Jieci Yang | Shinya Nagasaki | Satoru Tsushima | Tianxiao Tammy Yang
Source: Radiochimica Acta (article, 2025-05-05)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

DFT study of Se(-II) sorption on biotite in reducing conditions Abstract Crystalline rock is considered a potential host rock for a deep geological repository (DGR) for storing nuclear waste. Biotite is a common accessory mineral found in crystalline rocks such as granite and tonalite that plays an important role in the absorption of selenium (Se). In particular, the radioisotope Se-79 is widely present in spent nuclear fuel, and it is crucial for evaluating the suitability of a DGR for storing nuclear waste. In the anticipated reducing conditions of a DGR, the prevalent oxidation state would be Se (-II). However, the low solubility of Se under reducing conditions means that traditional spectrometry methods are not effective at studying the sorption mechanisms of Se (-II). Therefore, this study investigated the sorption mechanisms of Se (-II) on biotite under reducing conditions by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the inner-sphere complex and outer-sphere complex reactions. Both complexes were found to contribute to sorption of Se (-II) on biotite with the outer-sphere complexes being the primary sorption mechanism under the naturally neutral groundwater conditions. The results of the DFT calculations were consistent with the sorption experimental data and the results of the surface complexation modeling, which further confirmed the significance of the inner-sphere and outer-sphere complexes to the sorption of Se (-II) on biotite under a wider range of pH conditions. Chemistry ; Sorption ; Biotite ; Physical chemistry ; Adsorption ; Geology Radioactive element chemistry and processing ; Mineralogy and Gemology Studies ; Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Authors: Dibie N. Edward | Dibie C. Esther | Enyinnaya Blessing Oluchi
Source: Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Processing and Storage Studies with Total Phenol Contents and Percentage Antioxidant Activities of Raw, Processed and Stored Pergularia daemia Leaves Pergularia daemia leaves are used for diet and ethnomedicinal remedies preparations in Nigeria. The concern of this study was to investigate raw, processed and stored Pergularia daemia leaves for total phenols and antioxidant activities. Sample used were obtained from Benin City, then subsequently processed and stored at varying conditions. Storage duration was two months. Samples were noted to contain total phenols and further exhibited antioxidant activities. In raw Pergularia daemia leaves, total phenols content was 2.18±0.51mg/g and percent antioxidant activities value was 94.37±3.66%. Findings also indicate that processing and storage influenced the values of the examined parameters. Statistical analysis P≤0.05 indicate significant differences between the values of the studied parameters in raw samples and their corresponding values in the processed and stored samples. Hopefully, policy formulations personnel will find the results of this work useful. Phenols ; Antioxidant ; Raw material ; Chemistry ; Phenol ; Food science ; Antioxidant capacity ; Traditional medicine ; Medicine ; Biochemistry ; Organic chemistry Phytochemistry and Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Reza Sarwo Widagdo | Dimas Anton Asfani | I Made Yulistya Negara | Daniar Fahmi
Source: Engineering Technology & Applied Science Research (article, 2025-10-06)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Dielectric Strength Enhancement of Soybean Oil (FR3) with Nanoparticle Insulation: A Statistical Analysis This study investigates the influence of various magnetic nanoparticles on the dielectric Breakdown Voltage (BDV) of dielectric oils, specifically soybean-based oil (FR3). This study focuses on how different concentrations of iron oxide (Fe₃O₄), titanium dioxide (TiO₂), and aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) nanoparticles affect the dielectric strength of the insulating fluid. The nanofluids were prepared using a two-step method with nanoparticle concentrations of 0.0003%, 0.008%, 0.016%, and 0.033% by volume in FR3 oil. The BDV tests were conducted using a mushroom-mushroom electrode configuration in accordance with IEC 60156 standard. Each nanofluid sample underwent 12 test iterations with a 10-min recovery period between measurements to ensure consistency and reliability. The experimental results revealed a notable enhancement in the dielectric breakdown strength of the nanofluids, indicating that the addition of nanoparticles can significantly improve the insulating properties of transformer oils. Statistical analysis was employed to validate the data and enhance the precision of the BDV readings. Among the tested samples, the Al₂O₃-based nanofluid demonstrated the highest BDV improvement, achieving a 41.62% increase. TiO₂ followed closely with a 40.16% enhancement, whereas Fe₃O₄ showed a 26.8% improvement. The concentration of TiO₂ nanoparticles has a significant effect on the BDV, supported by a strong and reliable regression model capable of predicting changes in the BDV based on the TiO₂ concentration. This model demonstrated a very strong correlation (R = 0.903), with 81.5% of the variation in the BDV explained by the changes in the TiO₂ concentration. Nanofluid ; Dielectric ; Transformer oil ; Nanoparticle ; Dielectric strength ; Statistical analysis ; Electrode High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation ; Electrohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Sowmya Sanan | R. S. Rimal Isaac
Source: International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Segmentation of Nano-Particles from SEM Images Using Transfer Learning and Modified U-Net Nanomaterials, owing to their distinctive features, are crucial across numerous scientific domains, especially in materials science and nanotechnology. Precise segmentation of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images is essential for evaluating attributes such as nanoparticle dimensions, morphology, and distribution. Conventional image segmentation techniques frequently prove insufficient for managing the intricate textures of SEM images, resulting in a laborious and imprecise process. In this research, a modified U-Net architecture is presented to tackle this challenge, utilizing a ResNet50 backbone pre-trained on ImageNet. This model utilizes the robust feature extraction abilities of ResNet50 alongside the effective segmentation performance of U-Net, hence improving both accuracy and computational efficiency in TiO2 nanoparticle segmentation. The suggested model was assessed using performance metrics including accuracy, precision, recall, IoU, and Dice Coefficient. The results indicated a high segmentation accuracy, demonstrated by a Dice score of 0.946 and an IoU of 0.897, with little variability reflected in standard deviations of 0.002071 and 0.003696, respectively, over 200 epochs. The comparison with existing methods demonstrates that the proposed model surpasses previous approaches by attaining enhanced segmentation accuracy. The modified U-Net design serves as an excellent technique for accurate nanoparticle segmentation in SEM images, providing substantial enhancements compared to traditional approaches. This progress indicates the model's potential for wider applications in nanomaterial research and characterization, where precise and efficient segmentation is essential for analysis. Computer science ; Transfer of learning ; Net (polyhedron) ; Segmentation ; Nano- ; Artificial intelligence ; Chemical engineering Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques ; Image Processing Techniques and Applications ; Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases
Authors: Mr. Nilesh D. Sonawane | Santosh B. Dighe | Sagar D. Kore | Mahesh Jadhav
Source: International Journal of Environmental Sciences (article, 2025-06-22)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Development Of A Caspofungin-Loaded Emulgel: Physicochemical Characterization And Antifungal Efficacy Assessment Using Ftir Background: Caspofungin, an echinocandin antifungal, has limited topical application due to poor solubility and skin permeability. To overcome these limitations, a Caspofungin-loaded emulgel was developed, aiming to enhance local drug delivery and improve antifungal efficacy against skin infections. Method:A stable emulgel formulation was developed using Carbopol 940 as the gelling agent and liquid paraffin as the oil phase. Nine batches (F1–F9) were prepared by varying concentrations of Carbopol and paraffin, optimized through a Central Composite Design (CCD). Compatibility between drug and excipients was confirmed using FTIR. Evaluation included pH, viscosity, spreadability, drug content, and in-vitro drug release via Franz diffusion cell. Research:All formulations were physicochemically stable. Batch F7 exhibited the most promising results with 96% drug content and 97.3% drug release. Viscosity and spreadability were within acceptable limits, ensuring ease of application. Statistical analysis showed Carbopol 940 significantly influenced drug content, while liquid paraffin had a major effect on drug release. Response surface and contour plots validated these interactions. Conclusion:The optimized emulgel formulation demonstrated excellent stability, uniform drug distribution, and enhanced in-vitro drug release. Caspofungin emulgel represents a promising topical delivery system for antifungal treatment, combining improved skin permeability and patient compliance. Caspofungin ; Antifungal ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Characterization (materials science) ; Chemistry ; Nuclear chemistry ; Microbiology ; Materials science ; Chemical engineering ; Nanotechnology ; Amphotericin B ; Biology ; Engineering Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
Authors: Kamlesh Kumar Pandey | K. Saravanan
Source: Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International (article, 2025-07-30)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

A Stability-indicating RP-HPLC Method for the Development and Validation of Edoxaban Anticoagulants represent a category of dosage forms utilized in the treatment of thrombotic disorders, which extend the clotting time. This study focuses on quantifying Edoxaban in solid oral dosage forms. A precise RP-HPLC method was established to ascertain the Edoxaban content using a specific stability-indicating approach. Edoxaban is effectively resolved using a C18 column with isocratic elution employing acetonitrile and Triethylamine buffer (pH 5.5) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, with the peak appearing at a retention time of approximately 4 minutes and quantified at its λmax (290 nm). The method demonstrated accuracy and linearity across the concentration range of 14.91 µg/ml to 89.46 µg/ml of the test concentration. A forced degradation study was conducted to validate the specificity of the method, confirming degradation and establishing it as a stability-indicating method. The developed method has been validated in accordance with ICH guidelines and has been found to be satisfactory, precise, linear, and accurate. Consequently, the proposed RP-HPLC method is employed in routine quality control analysis for content determination. Edoxaban has significant role in preventing the sroke and systemic embolism in patients and availability of stability indicating method facilitate the Edoxaban medication to the patient rapidly and purest form. Edoxaban ; Stability (learning theory) ; Chromatography ; Computer science ; Chemistry ; Medicine ; Internal medicine ; Machine learning Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Analytical Chemistry and Sensors ; Plant-based Medicinal Research
Authors: M. Ezzine | Omar Choukri | Souadi Taibi
Source: Tribology and Materials (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Impact of thermal pretreatment process on recycled copper purity Recent research has focused on improving the copper refining process to meet the stringent purity standards required by industries such as aerospace. This research builds on our previous study, which identified 1120 °C as the minimum melting temperature required to achieve optimum copper purity from recycled copper scrap. In this phase, we are investigating the effects of thermal pretreatment of copper scrap samples at specific temperatures prior to melting and casting at 1120 °C. The initial thermal pretreatment process involved continuous heating with isothermal holds at six target temperatures (200, 300, 500, 700, 850 and 950 °C). For each test, the duration of the isothermal hold at each temperature was fixed at 5, 10, 15 or 20 minutes, depending on the selected refining sequence. This method significantly improved the purity of the cast copper, increasing it from 99.9230 to 99.9714 wt. %. However, significant mass losses were noticed when holding times exceeded 10 minutes, mainly due to the thermal degradation and fragmentation of thin copper wires. To overcome this, alternative thermal pretreatment techniques were investigated using different holding times. One of the most effective refinements, consisting of a holding time sequence of 5 – 5 – 10 – 10 – 15 – 5 minutes at selected isothermal stages, increased the purity to 99.9716 wt. % and achieved a thermal conductivity of approximately 362 W/mK, while reducing the total refining time to 94 minutes. These findings help to optimise the copper refining process by reducing both costs and mass losses while improving overall efficiency. Refining (metallurgy) ; Copper ; Isothermal process ; Scrap ; Thermal ; Thermal conductivity ; Process (computing) Metallurgy and Material Science ; Materials Engineering and Processing
Authors: Nurul Ainaa Najihah Busra | Rodziah Nazlan | Qhairulzaman Zainal | Farah Nabilah Shafie | Idza Riati Ibrahim | Ros Azlinawati Ramli | Mohamad Ashry Jusoh
Source: Journal of Materials Science Materials in Electronics (article, 2025-11-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Recycled toner-based Ni–Zn ferrites for microstrip patch antenna applications: structural, magnetic, and electromagnetic properties analysis Hematite ; Sintering ; Coercivity ; Magnetite ; Grain size ; Ferrimagnetism ; Spinel ; Ball mill Magnetic Properties and Synthesis of Ferrites ; Electromagnetic wave absorption materials ; Microwave Dielectric Ceramics Synthesis
Authors: Yuan Liang | Wei Chen | Shude Gu | Xu Ding | Yuping Duan
Source: Nanomaterials (article, 2025-12-29)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Magnetoresponsive Fiber-Reinforced Periodic Impedance-Gradient Absorber: Design and Microwave Absorption Performance In recent years, achieving ultra-wideband electromagnetic absorption has emerged as a critical challenge in confronting advanced broadband electromagnetic detection technologies. This capability is essential for effectively countering sophisticated radar systems. In this study, we present a novel multilayer metamaterial absorber that integrates an FR4 transmission layer, a periodic gradient dielectric structure designed for resonant impedance matching, and a magnetic skin layer for enhanced energy dissipation. By employing asymptotic gradients in both structure and composition, this design achieves dual-gradient electromagnetic parameter modulation, enabling efficient absorption across the X, Ku, and K bands (8.6-26.4 GHz) with a total thickness of 3.5 mm (effective thickness: 2 mm) and a density that is one-third that of conventional magnetic metamaterials. The proposed absorber demonstrates polarization insensitivity, stability across wide incident angles (up to 60°), and an absorption efficiency of 94%, as confirmed by full-wave simulations and experimental validation. Moreover, the fiber-reinforced hierarchical structure addresses the traditional trade-off between broadband absorption performance and mechanical load-bearing capacity. Metamaterial ; Microwave ; Electromagnetic radiation ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Broadband ; Radar ; Dielectric ; Impedance matching ; Polarization (electrochemistry) Electromagnetic wave absorption materials ; Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies
Authors: N. Tosheva
Source:  (article, 2025-03-18)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF RADIATION PROTECTION, INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS AND MODERN METHODS OF MONITORING AND CONTROL Radiation safety is a fundamental part of scientific research and industrial development in the modern world. As a major factor affecting human health and the environment, radiation is used in various fields – from medicine and energy to science and technology. Despite the great importance of radiation technologies, their use is associated with risks that can have serious consequences for human life and health. These risks are associated with exposure to ionizing radiation, which can lead to serious health problems and even death. In the modern world, with the increasing application of nuclear technologies, there is also a significant increase in the need for effective radiation safety strategies and measures. Protection approaches are based on various principles and techniques that are applied in nuclear installations, in medicine and even in everyday life. The purpose of this report is to examine how radiation safety is ensured in the modern world and what challenges and solutions are proposed to reduce the risks associated with radiation. Radiation protection ; Risk analysis (engineering) ; Computer science ; Control (management) ; Systems engineering ; Engineering ; Business ; Physics ; Artificial intelligence Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies ; Nuclear and radioactivity studies
Authors: G.M. Allaberganova | U.A. Suyunov | Rashid Kulmatov | A.M. Muzafarov | Azizjon Boboev | M.N. Musaev
Source:  (article, 2025-03-18)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

STUDY OF NUCLEAR-PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RADIATION INDICATORS OF POOR URANIUM-BEARING ORES This article presents the results of the study of nuclear-physical characteristics and radiation indicators of lean uranium-containing ores. Nuclear-physical characteristics of lean uranium-containing ores, such as concentrations of - 238U by X-ray fluorescence analysis, radionuclide composition of - 234U, 235U, 238U of the uranium decay chain by the alpha spectrometric method, specific activity of - 230Th, 226Ra and 40K by the gamma spectrometric analysis method are determined. The results of determining radiation indicators - values of the exposure dose rate - DER, equivalent equilibrium volumetric activities - EEVA, volumetric activities of long-lived alpha nuclides - DAN, radon molasses density - RPD, specific activity of each radionuclide, specific effective activity - Aeff and total specific alpha activity are presented. The obtained data were compared with the passport data of standard samples and standardized data established in International (ICRP, IAEA, UN, WHO, etc.) and Republican (SanPiN, O`zDst, GOSTs, etc.) document Uranium ; Bearing (navigation) ; Nuclear radiation ; Environmental science ; Nuclear engineering ; Materials science ; Metallurgy ; Computer science ; Engineering ; Artificial intelligence Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies ; Nuclear and radioactivity studies ; Radioactive element chemistry and processing
Authors: Prakash Shetty
Source: Corrosion Reviews (article, 2025-04-28)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

An assessment of expired drugs’ potential as effective inhibitors to combat carbon steel and mild steel corrosion Abstract Metal corrosion is a destructive process that must be managed carefully to prevent unintentional material losses. Most organic and inorganic compounds reported as corrosion inhibitors are highly toxic, causing severe environmental pollution. Recently, expired drugs have been tried as green inhibitors for many metals. The effectiveness of expired drugs as corrosion inhibitors was investigated by techniques such as weight loss, linear polarization, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods. The surface morphology of specimen metals was tested before and after the addition of drug inhibitors using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, etc., to confirm the inhibition behavior of the drugs. Additional parameters by quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics study were computed, and the outcomes agreed with the experimental results. These investigations demonstrated the effectiveness of drugs as corrosion inhibitors and opened up possibilities for managing the disposal of expired drugs. The present paper gives an overview of the usage of expired drugs as efficient inhibitors to control the corrosion of carbon steel and mild steel. The comparison of inhibition performances of different expired drugs and the mechanism of corrosion inhibition have been discussed. The existing challenges faced in using expired drugs as inhibitors were highlighted. Carbon steel ; Materials science ; Corrosion ; Metallurgy ; Forensic engineering ; Engineering Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition ; Concrete Corrosion and Durability ; Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals
Authors: R. Dimitrova
Source:  (article, 2025-03-18)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

RADIATION PROTECTION METHODS In the modern world, where we use radiation for a multitude of applications, from medicine and industry to electricity, radiation protection occupies a central place in the field of public health and safety. Radiation protection methods represent a wide range of strategies and technologies aimed at reducing the impact of ionizing radiation on human health and the environment. The report examines the key aspects of radiation protection, including the isolation of radiation sources, the use of protective materials and clothing, the analysis and monitoring of the radiation environment, as well as the development of innovative methods and technologies for optimal protection against the harmful effects of ionizing radiation. Computer science ; Environmental science Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies ; Nuclear and radioactivity studies
Authors: G.M. Allaberganova | Isokul Urunov | Kh.S. Mingboev | A.M. Muzafarov
Source:  (article, 2025-03-18)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

STUDY OF THE RADIONUCLIDE COMPOSITION OF URANIUM CORE SAMPLES AND THE RADIATION SITUATION AT THEIR STORAGE SITES This article presents the results of the study of the radionuclide composition of uranium cores and the radiation situation at the sites of their storage. In the samples of uranium cores, the radionuclide composition of the uranium decay chain was determined, especially the concentration of - 238U by X-ray fluorescence analysis and the specific activity of - 226Ra by gamma spectrometric analysis. Based on the data obtained, the coefficients of radioactive equilibrium - Kr between - 226Ra / 238U in the samples of uranium cores were determined. In addition, the radiation situation at the sites of their storage was studied, which has interrelations with the values of the coefficient of radioactive equilibrium - Krr between - 226Ra / 238U. The obtained results are compared with the standardized data established in International (ICRP, IAEA, UN, WHO, etc.) and Republican (SanPiN, O`zDst, GOSTs, etc.) documents Radionuclide ; Uranium ; Radiochemistry ; Radiation ; Composition (language) ; Environmental science ; Nuclear engineering ; Chemistry ; Materials science ; Nuclear physics ; Physics ; Metallurgy ; Engineering Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies ; Nuclear and radioactivity studies ; Nuclear Materials and Properties