jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Mohammad Istiaque Hossain | Brahim Aïssa | Amith Khandakar | Kevin V. Thomas | Ahasanur Rahman | Said Mansour
Source: Cogent Engineering (article, 2024-04-10)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Exploring the optical and morphological properties of metal oxide thin films produced via reactive electron beam evaporation We report on the development of metal oxide films with potential applications in energy conversion devices.Using an electron beam evaporator in an oxygen atmosphere, titanium, tin, nickel, molybdenum and aluminum oxides in room temperature were reactively deposited.The deposited films were characterized optically and structurally using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrometry, ellipsometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle and scanning electron microscopy.A systematic comparison between these filters confirmed that stacking layers with titanium dioxide (TiO2) and nickel oxide (NiO) are the best candidate for PV modules as they demonstrate higher transmission in the visible range.The morphological analysis confirms the formation of compact, uniform, and defect-free metal films, as validated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM).Additionally, contact angle measurements were conducted to assess the wettability of the metal surfaces.All oxide films exhibited semi-hydrophilic characteristics, indicating their ability to repel water from the surface and suggesting improved stability.The stoichiometry was impacted by the varying oxygen pressures at which each oxide was deposited.The transmittance of the TiO2 and NiO are more than 80% in the visible range.The results investigate potential applications as antireflection coatings, high reflectance mirrors and selective filters. Electron beam physical vapor deposition ; Evaporation ; Materials science ; Thin film ; Cathode ray ; Metal ; Oxide ; Electron ; Chemical engineering ; Nanotechnology ; Metallurgy ; Composite material ; Physics ; Engineering ZnO doping and properties ; Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films ; Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides
Authors: Hong‐Xiang Nie | Mei‐Hui Yu | Hongliang Huang | Shanshan Liu | Jizhen Jia | Landong Li | Ze Chang | Michael J. Zaworotko | Xian‐He Bu
Source: Advanced Functional Materials (article, 2024-11-27)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Xenon Regeneration by CO<sub>2</sub> Removal from Exhaled Anesthetic Gas Mixture by a Hybrid Ultramicroporous Material with Customized Nanotrap Abstract Xenon, Xe, is a noble gas that is present in the atmosphere in trace amounts. Nevertheless, despite its low abundance and relatively high cost, Xe has utility, including as an anesthetic and a neuroprotectant in the medical industry. Xe recycling after usage will represent an approach that shall enable more widespread adoption in medicine. In this work, it is reported that the microporous metal‐organic framework (MOF) material NKU‐1017(Si) can enable Xe recycling by capturing CO 2 impurities from exhaled anesthetic Xe gas mixtures at ambient temperature for facile and efficient recycling of Xe. The performance of NKU‐1017(Si) is driven by its ultramicroporous structure that offers a high density of aromatic rings on the pore surface along with other functionality to form a bespoke nanotrap for CO 2 with multiple C─H … π interaction sites that result in CO 2 /Xe selectivity of 15.5 at ambient conditions. Whereas NKU‐1017(Si) adsorbs both H 2 O (300 cm 3 g −1 ) and CO 2 (70 cm 3 g −1 ), humidity does not affect dynamic breakthrough performance. Theoretical studies provide insight into the CO 2 ‐framework binding interactions that drive this performance. The superior separation selectivity of NKU‐1017(Si) under ambient conditions enables a new approach for the Xe recovery through the regeneration of anesthetic gas for more widespread application in medicine. Materials science ; Xenon ; Regeneration (biology) ; Chemical engineering ; Organic chemistry ; Chemistry Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; Covalent Organic Framework Applications ; Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors
Authors: Ezer Castillo | Abdullah Faisal Pasha | Zachary I. Larson | Nikolay Dimitrov
Source: Materials Advances (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

New generation copper-based interconnection from nanoporous CuSn alloy film sintered at low temperatures Two-step routine for the synthesis of nanoporous CuSn alloy material enabling joint formation in electronic packaging by sintering at 180 °C. Nanoporous ; Alloy ; Sintering ; Materials science ; Interconnection ; Copper ; Metallurgy ; Nanotechnology ; Computer science ; Telecommunications Nanoporous metals and alloys ; Anodic Oxide Films and Nanostructures ; Electrodeposition and Electroless Coatings
Authors: Zhipeng Xie | Xiong Chen | Wenbin Wang | Xiating Ke | Xirui Zhang | Sibo Wang | Xiaofeng Wu | Jimmy C. Yu | Xinchen Wang
Source: Angewandte Chemie (article, 2024-07-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Variation of Chemical Microenvironment of Pores in Hydrazone‐Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photosynthesis of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Abstract Photocatalytic synthesis of H 2 O 2 is an advantageous and ecologically sustainable alternative to the conventional anthraquinone process. However, achieving high conversion efficiency without sacrificial agents remains a challenge. In this study, two covalent organic frameworks (COF−O and COF−C) were prepared with identical skeletal structures but with their pore walls anchored to different alkyl chains. They were used to investigate the effect of the chemical microenvironment of pores on photocatalytic H 2 O 2 production. Experimental results reveal a change of hydrophilicity in COF−O, leading to suppressed charge recombination, diminished charge transfer resistance, and accelerated interfacial electron transfer. An apparent quantum yield as high as 10.3 % (λ=420 nm) can be achieved with H 2 O and O 2 through oxygen reduction reaction. This is among the highest ever reported for polymer photocatalysts. This study may provide a novel avenue for optimizing photocatalytic activity and selectivity in H 2 O 2 generation. Covalent bond ; Hydrazone ; Photosynthesis ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Biochemistry Covalent Organic Framework Applications ; Catalytic Processes in Materials Science ; Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Aidan Campbell | Valerio Vitale | Mauro Brotons‐Gisbert | Hyeonjun Baek | Antoine Borel | Tatiana Ivanova | Takashi Taniguchi | Kenji Watanabe | Johannes Lischner | Brian D. Gerardot
Source: Nature Physics (article, 2024-01-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

The interplay of field-tunable strongly correlated states in a multi-orbital moiré system Abstract The interplay of charge, spin, lattice and orbital degrees of freedom leads to a variety of emergent phenomena in strongly correlated systems. In transition-metal-dichalcogenide-based moiré heterostructures, recent observations of correlated phases can be described by triangular-lattice single-orbital Hubbard models based on moiré bands derived from the Brillouin-zone corners—the so-called K valleys. Richer phase diagrams described by multi-orbital Hubbard models are possible with hexagonal lattices that host moiré bands at the zone centre—called Γ valleys—or an additional layer degree of freedom. Here we report the tunable interaction between strongly correlated hole states hosted by Γ- and K-derived bands in a heterostructure of monolayer MoSe 2 and bilayer 2H WSe 2 . We characterize the behaviour of exciton–polarons to distinguish the layer and valley degrees of freedom. The Γ band gives rise to a charge-transfer insulator described by a two-orbital Hubbard model. An out-of-plane electric field re-orders the Γ- and K-derived bands and drives the redistribution of carriers to the layer-polarized K orbital, generating Wigner crystals and Mott insulating states. Finally, we obtain degeneracy of the Γ and K orbitals at the Fermi level and observe interacting correlated states with phase transitions dependent on the doping density. Our results establish a platform to investigate multi-orbital Hubbard model Hamiltonians. Physics ; Moiré pattern ; Field (mathematics) ; Condensed matter physics ; Optics 2D Materials and Applications ; Perovskite Materials and Applications ; Organic and Molecular Conductors Research
Authors: Elisa Atosuo | Miia Mäntymäki | Mikko Ritala
Source: Advanced Materials Interfaces (article, 2024-10-15)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

ALD of Metal Fluorides–Potential Applications and Current State Abstract Metal fluoride thin films are important materials in a multitude of applications. Currently, they are mostly used in optics, but their potential in energy harvesting and storage is recognized as well. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is an advanced thin film deposition method that has an ever‐increasing role in microelectronics. The assets of ALD are its capability to produce uniform, stoichiometric, and pure films with precise thickness control even on top of complicated structures, such as high aspect ratio trenches. These characteristics can be beneficial in applications of metal fluoride thin films but so far ALD of metal fluorides has remained much less studied and used than ALD of metal oxides, nitrides, sulfides, and pure metals. This review aims to motivate research on ALD of metal fluorides by surveying potential applications for ALD metal fluoride thin films and coatings. The basics of luminescent applications, antireflection coatings, and lithium‐ion batteries will be discussed. Next, the fundamentals of ALD will be presented followed by a comprehensive summary of the metal fluoride ALD processes published so far. Materials science ; Current (fluid) ; Metal ; Nanotechnology ; Inorganic chemistry ; Engineering physics ; Metallurgy ; Electrical engineering ; Chemistry ; Engineering Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials ; Inorganic Chemistry and Materials ; Inorganic Fluorides and Related Compounds
Authors: Pegah Bagheri | Olga E. Eremina | Augusta Fernando | Mohamed Kamal | Ingus Stegis | Celine Vazquez | Stephanie N. Shishido | Peter Kühn | Cristina Zavaleta
Source: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (article, 2024-03-20)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

A Systematic Approach toward Enabling Maximal Targeting Efficiency of Cell Surface Proteins with Actively Targeted SERS Nanoparticles With their intricate design, nanoparticles (NPs) have become indispensable tools in the quest for precise cellular targeting. Among various NPs, gold NPs stand out with unique features such as chemical stability, biocompatibility, adjustable shape, and size-dependent optical properties, making them particularly promising for molecular detection by leveraging the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect. Their multiplexing abilities for the simultaneous identification of multiple biomarkers are important in the rapidly evolving landscape of diverse cellular phenotypes and biomolecular profiling. However, the challenge is ensuring that SERS NPs can effectively target specific cells and biomarkers among intricate cell types and biomolecules with high specificity. In this study, we improve the functionalization of SERS NPs, optimizing their targeting efficiency in cellular applications for ca. 160 nm NP-based probes. Spherical SERS NPs, conjugated with antibodies targeting epidermal growth factor receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, were incubated with cells overexpressing these proteins, and their specific binding potential was quantified at each stage by using flow cytometry to achieve optimal targeting efficiency. We determined that maintaining an average of 3.5 × 10<sup>5</sup> thiols per NP, 300 antibodies per NP, 18,000 NPs per cell, conducting a 15 min staining incubation at 4 °C in a shaker, and using SM(PEG)<sub>12</sub> as a cross-linker for the NP conjugation were crucial to achieve the highest targeting efficiency. Fluorescence and Raman imaging were used with these parameters to observe the maximum ability of these NPs to efficiently target suspended cells. These highly sensitive contrast agents demonstrate their pivotal role in effective active targeting, making them invaluable for multiplexing applications across diverse biological environments. Nanotechnology ; Biomolecule ; Materials science ; Nanoparticle ; Biophysics ; Biocompatibility ; Surface modification ; Flow cytometry ; Colloidal gold ; Bioconjugation ; Epidermal growth factor receptor ; Epidermal growth factor ; Fluorescence ; Receptor ; Chemistry ; Molecular biology ; Biology ; Biochemistry Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques ; Biosensors and Analytical Detection
Authors: Monaam Benali | Jalal Azadmanjiri | Martin Loula | Zhongquan Liao | Rui Gusmão | Amutha Subramani | Kalyan Jyoti Sarkar | Rabah Boukherroub | Zdeněk Sofer
Source: ACS Applied Nano Materials (article, 2024-06-18)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

2D Rhenium- and Niobium-Doped WSe<sub>2</sub> Photoactive Cathodes in Photo-Enhanced Hybrid Zn-Ion Capacitors Designing a multifunctional device that combines solar energy conversion and energy storage is an appealing and promising approach for the next generation of green power and sustainable society. In this work, we fabricated a single-piece device incorporating undoped WSe<sub>2</sub>, Re- or Nb-doped WSe<sub>2</sub> photocathode, and zinc foil anode system enabling a light-assisted rechargeable aqueous zinc metal cell. Comparison of structural, optical, and photoelectric characteristics of undoped and doped WSe<sub>2</sub> has further confirmed that ionic insertion of donor metal (rhenium and niobium) plays an important role in enhancing photoelectrochemical energy storage properties. The electrochemical energy storage cell consisting of Re-doped WSe<sub>2</sub> (as the photoactive cathode and zinc metal as anode) showed the best photodriven enhancement in the specific capacitance of around 45% due to efficient harvesting of visible light irradiation. The assembled device exhibited a loss of 20% of its initial specific capacitance after 1500 galvanostatic charge-discharge cycles at 50 mA g<sup>-1</sup>. The cell also provided a specific energy density of 574.21 mWh kg<sup>1-</sup> and a power density of 5906 mW kg<sup>1-</sup> at 15 mA g<sup>-1</sup>. Under otherwise similar conditions, the pristine WSe<sub>2</sub> and Nb-doped WSe<sub>2</sub> showed photoenhanced induced capacitance of 43% and 27% at 15 mA g<sup>-1</sup> and supplied an energy density of 436.4 mWh kg<sup>1-</sup> and 202 mWh kg<sup>1-</sup>, respectively. As a result, a reasonable capacitance improvement obtained by the Re-WSe<sub>2</sub> photoenhanced zinc-ion capacitor could provide a facile and constructive way to achieve a highly efficient and low-cost solar-electrochemical capacitor system. Materials science ; Anode ; Capacitance ; Photocathode ; Doping ; Rhenium ; Cathode ; Optoelectronics ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Electrode ; Metallurgy ; Electron ; Physical chemistry Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication ; Advanced battery technologies research ; Conducting polymers and applications
Authors: Hamish C. Craig | Ali D. Malay | Fumiaki Hayashi | Masaru Mori | Kazuharu Arakawa | Keiji Numata
Source: MRS Bulletin (article, 2024-09-12)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Posttranslational modifications in spider silk influence conformation and dimerization dynamics Abstract Spider silk is an archetypal biopolymer material with extreme tensile properties arising from its complex hierarchical assembly. While recent advances in sequencing have yielded abundant insights, relatively little is known concerning post-translational modifications (PTMs) in spider silk. Here, we probe the PTM landscape of dragline silk from the Jorō spider ( Trichonephila clavata ) using a combination of mass spectroscopy and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The results reveal a wide array of potential modifications, including hydroxyproline, phosphorylation, and dityrosine cross-links, encompassing the different spidroin constituents. Notably, the MaSp3 repetitive region displayed numerous PTMs, whereas MaSp1 and MaSp2 variants showed distinct phosphorylation patterns in its terminal domains. The N-terminal domain (NTD) phosphorylation sites were found predominantly at the dimer interface, suggesting a modulatory function with respect to its pH-driven dimerization function, a hypothesis supported by studies using phosphomimetic NTD mutants. Possible roles of phosphoserine in limiting β-sheet formation, and hydroxyproline in disrupting β-turns are also discussed. Impact statement Spider silk is an archetypal biomaterial that can outperform our most sophisticated artificial fibers. The secret to its mechanical properties lies in its complex hierarchical structure—encompassing the nano- to macroscales—that forms through a process of molecular self-assembly of the constituent spidroin proteins. While recent advances in "biomateriomics” have given us tremendous insights into the sequence–function relationships that determine spider silk behavior, the picture is still far from complete. One area that has received little attention is posttranslational modifications (PTMs). PTMs are ubiquitous biological phenomena that are crucial for providing dynamic control of the proteome, and effectively expand the structural and functional design space of proteins beyond that provided by the canonical amino acids. Here, we undertook a comprehensive analysis of PTMs from spider dragline silk fiber, which revealed numerous potential sites for a wide array of modifications. The results provide a fascinating window into additional layers of complexity underlying the mechanical behavior of spider silk, and suggest further avenues for creating novel, dynamically tunable, bioinspired materials. Graphical abstract Spider silk ; SILK ; Spider ; Polymer science ; Dynamics (music) ; Biophysics ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Biology ; Zoology ; Physics ; Composite material Silk-based biomaterials and applications ; Biochemical and Structural Characterization ; Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
Authors: Manuela Proença | Tomáš Lednický | Diana I. Meira | Marco S. Rodrigues | F. Vaz | Joel Borges | Attila Bonyár
Source: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (article, 2024-10-14)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

New Parameter for Benchmarking Plasmonic Gas Sensors Demonstrated with Densely Packed Au Nanoparticle Layers Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) gas sensitivity is introduced as a new parameter to evaluate the performance of plasmonic gas sensors. A model is proposed to consider the plasmonic sensors' surface sensitivity and plasmon decay length and correlate the LSPR response, measured upon gas exchange, with an equivalent refractive index change consistent with adsorbed gas layers. To demonstrate the applicability of this new parameter, ellipsoidal gold nanoparticles (NPs) arranged in densely packed hexagonal lattices were fabricated. The main advantages of these sensors are the small and tunable interparticle gaps (18-29 nm) between nanoparticles (diameters: 72-88 nm), with their robust and scalable fabrication technology that allows the well-ordered arrangement to be maintained on a large (cm<sup>2</sup> range) area. The LSPR response of the sensors was tested using an LSPR sensing system by switching the gas atmosphere between inorganic gases, namely He/Ar and Ar/CO<sub>2</sub>, at constant pressure and room temperature. It was shown that this newly proposed parameter can be generally used for benchmarking plasmonic gas sensors and is independent of the type and pressure of the tested gases for a sensor structure. Furthermore, it resolves the apparent disagreement when comparing the response of plasmonic sensors tested in liquids and gases. Materials science ; Nanoparticle ; Benchmarking ; Plasmon ; Nanotechnology ; Plasmonic nanoparticles ; Optoelectronics Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors
Authors: Matteo Cei | Alessandra Operamolla | Francesco Zinna
Source: Advanced Optical Materials (article, 2024-09-17)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Interplay of Circularly Polarized Light with Molecular and Structural Chirality: Chiral Lanthanide Complexes and Cellulose Nanocrystals Abstract The interaction of circularly polarized (CP) light with chiral matter at different scales opens several possibilities of light manipulation in photonic and electronic devices. Here it is shown that in a multilayer architecture, it is possible to take advantage of the polarization‐selective reflection of the nematic arrangement of cellulose nanocrystals and the strong intrinsic CP luminescence (CPL) of the various bands of chiral Eu complexes. In this way, both the intrinsic CPL and total emission of the complex are modified depending on the enantiomer applied and on the detection geometry. This concept may apply for polarization control in electronic and photonic devices and polarized optical cavities. Chirality (physics) ; Materials science ; Lanthanide ; Circular polarization ; Nanocrystal ; Cellulose ; Nanotechnology ; Optics ; Chemical engineering ; Organic chemistry ; Chiral symmetry ; Ion ; Physics Synthesis and Properties of Aromatic Compounds ; Liquid Crystal Research Advancements ; Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry
Authors: Rongtan Li | Rentao Mu | Kun Li | Yamei Fan | Conghui Liu | Yanxiao Ning | Mingrun Li | Qiang Fu | Xinhe Bao
Source: Angewandte Chemie (article, 2024-10-18)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Dynamically Confined Active Silver Nanoclusters with Ultrawide Operating Temperature Window in CO oxidation Abstract Supported metal nanoclusters are often highly active in many catalytic reactions but less stable particularly under harsh reaction conditions. Here, we demonstrate that this activity‐stability trade‐off can be efficiently broken through rational design of surrounding microenvironment of the supported nanocatalyst including gas adsorbate overlayer and underneath support surface chemistry. Our studies reveal that chemisorbed oxygen species on Ag surface and surface hydroxyl groups on oxide support, which are dynamically consumed during reaction but sustained by reaction environment (O 2 and H 2 O vapor), drive spontaneous redispersion of Ag particles and stabilization of highly active Ag nanoclusters. Such a dynamic confinement effect from gas‐catalyst‐support interaction enables the Ag nanoclusters to exhibit complete catalytic oxidation of CO over a wide temperature window of 25‐500 °C under dry conditions and 200‐800 °C under wet conditions as well as remarkable stability at 300 °C over 1000 h. Nanoclusters ; Window (computing) ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Chemical engineering ; Photochemistry ; Computer science Nanocluster Synthesis and Applications ; Catalytic Processes in Materials Science ; nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions