jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Abdullah Elen | Levent Elen
Source: Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi (article, 2022-10-25)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Auto-detection of Intermetallic and Eutectic Phases in Microstructure of the AZ91 Mg-alloys by Image Processing Techniques AZ91, which is used in the production of parts in the aerospace, defense and automotive industries, can be enhanced by the addition of an alloying element or the cooling rate, due to the weak strength and formability properties of advanced technology Mg-alloys. The microstructure change in Mg alloys significantly affects the mechanical properties. By analyzing the microstructure of these alloys, a close estimate of the mechanical properties can be made. In this study, an image processing-based model is proposed that automatically recognizes the intermetallic and eutectic phases required for the analysis of microstructural properties in AZ91 Mg-alloys. The proposed method consists of two stages; In the first step, the eutectic phase template is obtained as a binary image. In the second step, the binary image containing the intermetallic and eutectic phases is obtained and the result image with only the intermetallic phases is obtained by taking the difference of these two patterns. Experimental studies have shown that the proposed method gives a result close to the real value in the detection of eutectic phases. Intermetallic ; Eutectic system ; Formability ; Materials science ; Microstructure ; Metallurgy ; Alloy Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications ; Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties ; Advanced Welding Techniques Analysis
Authors: Nor Monica Ahmad | Nur Nadia Dzulkifli | Nur Izzah Jamil | Ahmad Husaini Mohamed | Jamil Mohamed Sapari | Sheikh Ahmad Izaddin Sheikh Mohd Ghazali | Nurul Nadthira Che Awang
Source: ASM Science Journal (article, 2022-03-10)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Analytical Separation Method: A Student’s Perception on Analogy-based Teaching for Terminology Analytical Separation Method is a chemistry course offered at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia. This course covers the application of chromatographic techniques, whereby students must be able to describe the principles and terminologies used and relate them with suitable analogies. A strong understanding of this course plays a major role in the development of solid knowledge amongst graduates to survive in the job market. An auspicious method to understand the analytical separation method has not been identified so far, therefore, limits their opportunities for career development in the future. According to the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) method, teachers must first understand the knowledge before presenting the information to students during the teaching process. If we can recognise this concept clearly, efforts towards the teaching of science will lead to a new achievement. Analogy-based teaching was found to be capable of increasing students' understanding with regards to the subject matter. The present research successfully identified the level of understanding towards terminology and analogy along with the readiness of students to use an alternative teaching method across campuses, and the readiness concerning the usage of different interactive teaching tools. Quantitative measurement was conducted via SPSS using a sample of 128 students from four different campuses. Based on the analysis, most of the students faced difficulties in accurately translating and relating to the terminologies (57.8%) and analogies (55.5%) concerning the theories without proper guidance. According to the overall mean score (4.18), the range of positive agreement signified the student’s readiness towards the usage of interactive tools during teaching and learning sessions. There was no significant difference in students’ level of understanding on analogy across campuses, however, a significant difference was found in students’ level of understanding on terminologies used across campuses. In pairwise comparisons, there was a statistically significant difference (p-value = 0.009 &lt; 0.05) between Kuala Pilah (K) and Arau (A) campuses. Analogy ; Terminology ; Mathematics education ; Process (computing) ; Perception ; Sample (material) ; Teaching method ; Subject matter ; Computer science ; Psychology ; Pedagogy ; Chemistry ; Epistemology ; Curriculum ; Chromatography Various Chemistry Research Topics ; Science Education and Pedagogy
Authors: Debdas Dhabal | Subramanian K. R. S. Sankaranarayanan | Valeria Molinero
Source: ChemRxiv (preprint, 2022-09-05)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Stability and Metastability of Liquid water in a Machine-learned Coarse-grained Model with Short-range Interactions Coarse-grained water models are ~100 times more efficient than all-atom models, enabling simulations of supercooled water and crystallization. The machine-learned monatomic model ML-BOP reproduces the experimental equation of state (EOS) and ice-liquid thermodynamics at 0.1 MPa on par with all-atom TIP4P/2005 and TIP4/Ice. These all-atom models were parameterized using high-pressure experimental data, and are either accurate for water’s EOS (TIP4P/2005) or ice-liquid equilibrium (TIP4P/Ice). ML-BOP was parameter-ized from temperature-dependent ice and liquid experimental densities and melting data at 0.1 MPa; its only pressure training is from com-pression of TIP4P/2005 ice at 0 K. Here we investigate whether ML-BOP replicates the experimental EOS and ice-water thermodynamics along all pressures of ice I. We find that ML-BOP reproduce the temperature, enthalpy, entropy and volume of melting of hexagonal ice up to 400 MPa and the EOS of water along the melting line with accuracy that rivals both TIP4P/2005 and TIP4P/Ice. We interpret that the accu-racy of ML-BOP originates from its ability to capture the shift between compact and open local structures to changes in pressure and temper-ature. ML-BOP reproduces the sharpening of the tetrahedral peak of the pair distribution function of water upon supercooling, and its pres-sure dependence. We characterize the region of metastability of liquid ML-BOP with respect to crystallization and cavitation. The accessibil-ity of ice crystallization to simulations of ML-BOP, together with its accurate representation of the thermodynamics of water, makes it prom-ising for investigating the interplay between anomalies, glass transition, and crystallization under conditions challenging to access through experiments. Supercooling ; Thermodynamics ; Metastability ; Water model ; Chemistry ; Crystallization ; Materials science ; Molecular dynamics ; Physics Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Theoretical and Computational Physics ; Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
Authors: Bowen Wang
Source: E3S Web of Conferences (article, 2022-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Study on a method of prolonging the life of catalytic combustion sensor The catalytic combustion combustible gas sensor is restricted by the principle, process, environment and other factors. When it is used in the actual working environment, the output value will drift and the measurement error will increase with the passage of time. The longer the service time is, the more serious the problem of sensitivity degradation will be, until it completely fails. In general, the effective service life of the sensor is only 1-2 years. Based on the conventional detection technology, this paper proposes the constant temperature bridge method based on the programmable constant current source. By reducing the use frequency of the catalytic sensitive element, it can avoid the problem that the sensitivity of the element drops too fast under frequent use, and can effectively extend the service life of the sensor to about one time. Service life ; Sensitivity (control systems) ; Catalytic combustion ; Combustion ; Bridge (graph theory) ; Service (business) ; Process (computing) ; Computer science ; Response time ; Process engineering ; Automotive engineering ; Engineering ; Electronic engineering ; Reliability engineering ; Chemistry Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
Authors: А.О. Блинков | М. Алкубеси | А.Ю. Крупина | Elena Kozar | М.Г. Дивашук
Source:  (article, 2022-12-09)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

MORPHOGENETIC POTENTIAL OF GRAIN MICROSPORES USING A FLOATING CULTURE В селекционном процессе культурных злаков особый интерес представляет технология получения удвоенных гаплоидов, поскольку с её помощью становится возможным быстрое получение рекомбинантных инбредных линий для последующего изучения на пригодность использования их как сорта. Однако, ряд факторов, таких как генотипзависимость, слабая отзывчивость микроспор к делению, альбинизм и трудности в полиплоидизации полученных растений являются ограничивающими в рутинном использовании данной технологии. Флотирующая культура пыльников является одним из методов получения андрогенных гаплоидных растений. In the breeding process of cultivated cereals, the technology of obtaining doubled haploids is of particular interest, since with its help it becomes possible to quickly obtain recombinant inbred lines for subsequent study for the suitability of their use as a variety. However, a number of factors, such as genotype dependence, poor responsiveness of microspores to division, albinism, and difficulties in polyploidization of the resulting plants, limit the routine use of this technology. Floating anther culture is one of the methods for obtaining androgenic haploid plants. Microspore ; Computer science ; Botany ; Biology ; Stamen Silk-based biomaterials and applications ; Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects ; Plant tissue culture and regeneration
Authors: K. M. Abdul Malik | Faiz Ahmad | Nurul Azhani Yunus | Ebru Günister
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2022-09-02)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Kenaf/Carbon Hybrid Composites Abstract This research article studied the manufacturing of bi-directional kenaf fabric reinforced epoxy composites hybridized with carbon fabrics in various stacking sequences and the effect of hybridization on these composites' physical and mechanical properties. Pure and hybrid composites were fabricated utilizing the vacuum-assisted resin infusion method. The hybridization of 16 vol. % carbon fabrics increased the density of pure kenaf/epoxy composites by around 5%. The mechanical performance of kenaf/epoxy composites improved by changing the fiber volume fraction and stacking sequence of carbon fabrics in the hybrid composites. Approximately 16 vol. % carbon fiber volume fractions in hybrid composites improved the tensile, flexural, and interlaminar shear performance of kenaf/epoxy composites up to 400%, 268.8%, and 281%, respectively. The stacking sequence affected the tensile, flexural, interlaminar shear, water absorption, and fracture toughness performance. The highest tensile strength and modulus were shown by hybrid KC2 among all tested hybrid composites. Hybrid KC4 had higher flexural strength, flexural modulus, interlaminar shear strength and lower water absorption and thickness swelling. The highest fracture toughness can be achieved using the KC1 (Ft) hybrid. As a result, carbon fabrics can be used as a skin layer in various stacking sequences with kenaf fabrics in epoxy composites, depending on the targeted structural application. Composite material ; Materials science ; Flexural strength ; Epoxy ; Kenaf ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Absorption of water ; Flexural modulus ; Fracture toughness ; Stacking ; Volume fraction ; Fiber Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Tribology and Wear Analysis ; Mechanical Behavior of Composites
Authors: Г.М.Х. Франко | О.В. Разумова | О.С. Александров
Source:  (article, 2022-12-09)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

MOLECULAR GENETIC STUDY OF THE GENUS ILEX B настоящее время изучение филогенетических отношений внутри родов растений может привести к пониманию эволюции и взаимосвязи между видами, которые распространены по всей земле. Род Ilex, относящийся к семейству Aquifoliaceae, является крупнейшим древесным двудомным родом покрытосеменных растений, насчитывающим более 400 видов. Падубы (Ilex) распространены в тропических, субтропических и умеренных регионах обоих полушарий. Они достигли наибольшего видового разнообразия в странах Южной и Северной Америки, Юго-Восточной и Восточной Азии, Европы и Полинезии. Падуб уже много столетий служит объектом разведения и селекции в целях озеленения и декоративного садоводства. Currently, the study of phylogenetic relationships within plant genera can lead to an understanding of the evolution and relationships between species that are distributed throughout the earth. The genus Ilex, belonging to the family Aquifoliaceae, is the largest arboreal dioecious genus of angiosperms with over 400 species. Hollies (Ilex) are common in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of both hemispheres. They have reached the highest species diversity in the countries of South and North America, Southeast and East Asia, Europe and Polynesia. The holly has been an object of breeding and selection for landscaping and ornamental gardening for many centuries. Genus ; Computer science ; Evolutionary biology ; Biology ; Computational biology ; Zoology Heavy Metals in Plants
Authors: D. S. Voronin | A. E. Mayer
Source: Physical Mesomechanics of Materials. Physical Principles of Multi-Layer Structure Forming and Mechanisms of Non-Linear Behavior: Conference Proceedings (article, 2022-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

DEVELOPMENT OF A CONTINUAL MODEL OF DYNAMIC FRACTURE OF REFRACTORY METALS Refractory (planetary science) ; Fracture (geology) ; Refractory metals ; Computer science ; Materials science ; Metallurgy ; Composite material High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Microstructure and mechanical properties ; Geotechnical and Geomechanical Engineering
Authors: Mark Stanojević | Marija Sollner Dolenc | Marjan Vračko
Source: SSRN Electronic Journal (article, 2022-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Development of in Silico Classification Models for Binding Affinity to the Glucocorticoid Receptor In silico ; Glucocorticoid receptor ; Glucocorticoid ; Computational biology ; Chemistry ; Pharmacology ; Biology ; Biochemistry ; Endocrinology ; Gene Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Estrogen and related hormone effects ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Authors: Chao Li | Lixin Zhang | Saipeng Wang | Xun Chen | Weipeng Jing
Source: Frontiers in Plant Science (article, 2022-12-22)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Sparse attention double-channel FCN network for numerical analysis tracheid features in larch Understanding the macro-mechanical behavior of wood at the micro-scale is of great significance for the design of cell-wall-like composite materials and pulp papermaking. In order to predict tracheid mechanical properties and analyze its relationship with tracheid features, based on the FCN network model, a double-channel FCN network with sparse attention (D-SA-FCN) was designed by introducing the double-channel mechanism and the sparse attention mechanism. The features of tracheid of larch were extracted numerically and the data set was established by using the compression strength data, the gray level co-occurrence matrix, cell segmentation and geometric analysis. A feature analysis algorithm based on PCA and random forest was established to optimize the feature values. The training set accuracy of the D-SA-FCN network model reached 85.75% with the five-level mechanical property level according to the classification standard. The accuracy of the training model is 71.48% and 79.52% when the morphological and texture features are input respectively. The results show that texture features had a more significant impact on mechanics to a certain extent and the D-SA-FCN could reduce the computational complexity and improve the prediction accuracy. Tracheid ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Segmentation ; Larch ; Artificial neural network ; Random forest ; Feature (linguistics) ; Biological system ; Mathematics ; Algorithm Wood and Agarwood Research ; Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis ; Wood Treatment and Properties
Authors: G. Sai Kumar Reddy | K. Ashok Kumar | Ambatipudi Janaki Prasad | G. Vamsi Krishna | M. D. Syam Kumar
Source: International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Management (article, 2022-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Experimental Research on foam Concrete with Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates by Blast Furnace Slag, Fly Ash, and Glass Powder Although foam concrete was initially intended to be avoid filler and insulating material, interest in its structural qualities has grown again due to its reduced weight, material savings, and potential for extensive use of waste materials like fly ash. This paper's main objective is to review the present state of knowledge on foam concrete, where sand is partially replaced by glass powder, fly ash, and blast furnace slag in various weights and proportions. The review highlights the necessity for creating new pathways by doing in-depth research on materials, mixture design, and methods to maximise the potential of this material for structural applications. Fly ash ; Ground granulated blast-furnace slag ; Filler (materials) ; Slag (welding) ; Materials science ; Foam concrete ; Waste management ; Metallurgy ; Composite material ; Cement ; Engineering Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications ; Concrete and Cement Materials Research ; Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials
Authors: Juma Dash Harry | Cyprian Kemboi Kipchumba | Daniel Siringi
Source: Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (article, 2022-04-25)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

ADOPTION OF CRUSHED OLD TYRES IN CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION TO ATTAIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT <strong>Abstract:</strong> Recent years have been shadowed by an increase in the adoption of recycled transportation and building materials, focusing on the adoption of damped waste materials. Numerous waste materials, including glass, plastic, and tire rubber, have been adopted in conjunction with standard resources as recycled aggregates or a binder improvement, depending on the application. Rubber from powdered tires may be added as a flexible aggregate in a concrete block, reducing the likelihood of brittle failure and increasing the concrete's capacity to absorb more significant amounts of energy before failure. Due to the high elastic modulus of rubber particles, the substitute of coarse aggregate for crumb rubber may significantly impact the strength characteristics of concrete, resulting in concentrated stress, strain, and bonds between the rubber particles and the cement. Rubber granules are an acceptable substitute for coarse aggregate in developing responsive concrete. On the contrary, the use of finely graded rubber may result in a tensile behavior with substantial deformations before the complete disintegration of the concrete. It may have a more negligible impact on the loss of strength of the concrete. According to the experiment, despite the experimental concern on safety, it aims to assess rubberized concrete's performance and thus potential use in the concrete making to aid in environmental conservation. <strong>Keywords:</strong> recycled aggregates, rubber particles, concrete, stress, strain and compression, tension, and flexural strength. <strong>Title:</strong> ADOPTION OF CRUSHED OLD TYRES IN CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION TO ATTAIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT <strong>Author:</strong> Juma Dash Harry, Cyprian Kemboi Kipchumba, Dr. Daniel Siringi <strong>International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research </strong> <strong>ISSN 2348-7607 (Online)</strong> <strong>Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022</strong> <strong>Page No: 51-61</strong> <strong>Research Publish Journals</strong> <strong>Website: www.researchpublish.com</strong> <strong>Published date: 25-April-2022</strong> <strong>DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6482521</strong> Crushed stone ; Sustainable development ; Civil engineering ; Construction engineering ; Engineering ; Forensic engineering ; Geotechnical engineering ; Political science Structural mechanics and materials
Authors: Guillaume Delaplace | Pierre Campistron | Marwan Abdallah | A. Boutignon | T. Danel | Simon Khelissa | Thierry Six | Laurent Wauquier | Thomas Dubois | Nour‐Eddine Chihib | Pascal Debreyne | Cyril Nicard | Ingrid Proriol Serre | David Balloy | B. Chen | Maxime Farin | Olivier Bréhault | Dorothée Debavelaere-Callens | Lynda Chehami | Farouk Benmeddour | Emmanuel Moulin
Source: SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository (preprint, 2022-06-05)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Ultrasonic coda wave interferometry (CWI) for detecting a change at interface of a solid surface - Applications for monitoring fouling, biofilm growth, cleaning and corrosion Fouling of heat exchanger and corrosion occurs in many industrial sectors which causes considerable economic losses and increases public health risks. Therefore, it is important to develop devices to monitor the formation/removal of fouling and the corrosion occurrence. Such devices permit to revisit the fouling/cleaning process and the corrosion sequences in order to minimize associated impacts and losses. In this work, a coda wave interferometry (CWI) based-sensor is used to monitor the fouling and corrosion status of surfaces. This paper aimed to give an overview of the experimental results obtained in order to assess the potential of this technique for various types of applications (wax cleaning, biofilm formation detection, fouling/cleaning monitoring for dairy derivatives-unpreceded results and corrosion formation). Overall, our work provided evidence that CWI method is applicable for monitoring fouling factor and corrosion of solid surfaces and could be easily implemented in a non-invasive way and on line. Fouling ; Interferometry ; Materials science ; Ultrasonic sensor ; Coda ; Corrosion ; Biofilm ; Biofouling ; Optics ; Acoustics ; Metallurgy ; Geology ; Chemistry ; Physics Electrostatics and Colloid Interactions ; Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies ; Underwater Acoustics Research
Authors: Sayyed Reza Mirnaziry | Mohammad Ali Shameli | Leila Yousefi
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2022-04-14)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Multi-layer silicon nanoparticle solar cells: Conceptual design and performance analysis Abstract We investigate the concept of nanoparticle-based solar cells composed of a silicon nanoparticle stack acting as efficient light trapping absorbers to achieve novel inorganic configurations for ultrathin photovoltaics. We study the potential of using these inherently nanotextured structures in enhancing the light absorption. For this, a detailed optical analysis is performed to demonstrate the dependency of the typical structure to physical parameters including the number of particle layers, lattice structure and angle of incidence; these behavior are then compared with conventional silicon solar cells. We propose various configurations to apply these sub-micron particles as a p-n junction solar cell. We also compute the electrical performance of selected configurations. In doing so, key issues including the effect of contact points between nanoparticles and impact of loss are addressed. In the end, we show how SiO2 nanoparticles on top of the cell structure can enhance the photocurrent. The appropriate range of SiO2 particle size is also obtained for the typical cell structures. Photovoltaics ; Materials science ; Nanoparticle ; Silicon ; Solar cell ; Photocurrent ; Plasmonic solar cell ; Optoelectronics ; Stack (abstract data type) ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Nanotechnology ; Photovoltaic system ; Monocrystalline silicon ; Computer science ; Composite material ; Engineering Silicon Nanostructures and Photoluminescence ; Nanowire Synthesis and Applications ; Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties