jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Tamer Guclu | Pinar Mert Cuce | Erdem Cuce | Emre Alvur | Harun Sen
Source: Energy Research Journal (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

TEC-Driven Mini Refrigerators: Recent Applications With Performance Characteristics Thermoelectric Cooling (TEC) technology has become a remarkable alternative in mini refrigerator applications in recent years, thanks to its lack of moving parts, silent operation, compact structure and environmentally friendly features. This study aims to examine the current usage areas, performance characteristics, and engineering challenges of TEC systems in mini refrigerator applications with a holistic approach. Experimental and theoretical studies in the literature were evaluated, and the solutions provided by TEC technology in different application scenarios were comparatively evaluated. Within the scope of the study, examples for different areas such as food transportation, individual use, medical cooling, and solar energy-supported systems were examined. Performance parameters such as COP (Coefficient of Performance), temperature difference, energy consumption, and system stability were comparatively addressed. In addition, the contributions of phase change materials (PCM), nanofluid-supported coolers, and smart systems integrated with microcontrollers to TEC performance were also evaluated. The results show that TEC-based mini refrigerators offer significant advantages in terms of sustainability, portability, and low energy consumption (typically 30&ndash;90 W, about 40&ndash;60% of that of comparable compressor-based systems); however, some aspects need to be improved in terms of thermal efficiency and sensitivity to environmental conditions. This review reveals that TEC-based mini-refrigerators offer significant advantages in terms of sustainability, portability, and low energy consumption, but still have room for improvement in thermal efficiency and sensitivity to environmental conditions. In this context, the study guides both academic research and industrial applications. TEC ; Thermoelectric cooling ; Refrigerator car ; Energy consumption ; Scope (computer science) ; Environmentally friendly ; Efficient energy use Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technologies ; Phase Change Materials Research
Authors: A. K. M. Nazrul Islam | Asib Ridwan | Asif Karim Neon | Md. Fozle Rab | Md. Nizam Uddin
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2025-08-07)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Engineered Nanoparticles (ENPs) in Aquatic Environments and Soil-Plant Ecosystems: Transformation, Toxicity, and Environmental Challenge The ever-increasing use of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in industries, medicine, and consumer products has resulted in their uncontrolled release into aquatic environments and soil-plant systems. ENPs may transform and release toxic by-products upon release, raising concerns about their environmental behavior and potential risks. However, accurately measuring the concentrations of ENP in these ecosystems remains challenging. Recent studies have highlighted the toxic effects of ENPs on various organisms, but assessing the risk in aquatic and soil-plant systems consists a critical issue in nanoecotoxicology. ENPs interact with various environmental materials like organic matter, soil, sludge, and other pollutants. These interactions of ENPs can form complex assemblies, which may alter the toxicity and environmental fate. This study examines the interactions of ENPs in aquatic and soil-plant environments, focusing on their transformation, toxicity, and ecological impact. The goal is to identify knowledge gaps and outline directions for future consideration for a better understanding of the environmental risks of ENPs. Additionally, the research addresses the challenges of evaluating nanotoxicity and highlights the need for improved environmental regulations and assessment techniques for engineered nanomaterials. Microplastics ; Environmental science ; Nanotoxicology ; Environmental risk assessment ; Aquatic ecosystem ; Pollutant ; Ecosystem ; Environmental chemistry ; Ecology ; Biochemical engineering ; Environmental protection ; Risk assessment ; Biology ; Chemistry ; Engineering ; Toxicity ; Computer science Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
Authors: Kruthika MS | Rakshitha MP | Shwetha GV | V Shravanilakshmi | Manjunath Basavaraj Helavar
Source: International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Biomimetic silk production: Advances in synthetic silk gland models and in vitro spinning systems Silk has long been revered as a natural fiber with exceptional mechanical strength, elasticity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, making it highly desirable for diverse applications ranging from textiles to biomedical engineering. However, traditional silk production through sericulture is labor-intensive, season-dependent and environmentally demanding. In response to these limitations, scientific efforts have increasingly focused on replicating the silk production process in vitro through synthetic silk gland models that emulate the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of native silk glands in Bombyx mori and spiders. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biomimetic strategies employed to develop artificial silk-spinning systems, including microfluidic devices that replicate the gland’s tapering structure and fluid shear environment and modular bioreactors that integrate protein expression with spinning. It also discusses innovations in wet-spinning, electrospinning and advanced spinneret technologies such as multi-lumen nozzles and 3D-printed extrusion systems that have enabled the fabrication of silk fibers with properties approaching those of natural silk. The role of recombinant protein expression in microbial hosts like E. coli, Pichia pastoris, and Bacillus subtilis is explored, highlighting advances in the scalable production of spidroins and fibroins tailored for biomimetic processing. Challenges such as achieving native-like hierarchical structures, improving fiber uniformity and mechanical properties and replicating the controlled chemical gradients of the natural gland are critically analyzed. Overall, synthetic silk gland technologies hold immense promise for revolutionizing silk production by offering eco-friendly, controllable and scalable alternatives to sericulture. These systems not only pave the way for high-performance artificial silk fibers but also establish a platform for producing customizable biomaterials for future use in tissue engineering, drug delivery, bioelectronics, and smart textiles. SILK ; Polymer science ; Spinning ; Fibroin ; In vitro ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Polymer chemistry ; Composite material ; Biochemistry Silk-based biomaterials and applications ; Silkworms and Sericulture Research
Authors: Didion, Yannick Patrice | Tjalsma, Tjalling | Malankowska, Magdalena | Su, Ziran | Matos, Mariana | Pinelo, Manuel | Crespo, Joao | Brazinha, Carla
Source: Universidade Nova de Lisboa's Repository (Universidade Nova de Lisboa) (article, 2025-05-01)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Unlocking the roles of molecular interactions, polarity, and viscosity Funding Information: This work was funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation within the framework of the Fermentation-based Biomanufacturing Initiative (FBM), grant number: NNF17SA0031362. Furthermore, the authors gratefully acknowledge the PhD students Jorge Viana, Suchintan Mondal and technician Nuno Costa (Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT)), for their help in sample preparation, handling of equipment and data analysis. Publisher Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s) Technician ; Biomanufacturing ; Work (physics) ; Foundation (evidence) ; Sample (material) thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses ; Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction ; Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
Authors: Ercan Ercan | Ibrahim Nazem Qader | Fethi Dağdelen | Mediha Kök
Source: Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi (article, 2025-06-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Exploring the Impact of Gadolinium on Microstructure, Thermodynamics, Mechanical Behavior, and Specific Heat Capacity in CuAlTa Shape Memory Alloy The surface morphology, microstructure, phase transition and specific heat capacity C_P (T) of the alloys produced by enriching CuAlTa shape memory alloys with Gadolinium (Gd) were examined depending on temperature changes. This study shows that alloy composition and phase behavior are closely related to high martensitic phase transformation temperature (PTT). The addition of Gd to the alloys reduces the crystal size and significantly reduces the 18R phase. This relationship enables the design of new materials with customized properties. EDS analysis confirms the precipitation of tantalum in the β phase, as a result of its limited solubility in the matrix, effectively preventing the martensitic phase transformation. Therefore, the PTT increased by increasing Gd additive in the alloy. On the other hand, increasing Gd in the alloy causes the surface under martensitic transformation to decrease, and as a result, it reduces the stability of the shape recovery effect, causing the C_P (T) to increase. Gadolinium ; Shape-memory alloy ; Microstructure ; Alloy ; Heat capacity ; Materials science ; Thermodynamics ; Specific heat ; Metallurgy ; Physics Shape Memory Alloy Transformations ; Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials ; Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials
Authors: Wa Ode Nurfinti | Chrismawan Ardianto | Toetik Aryani | Mareta Rindang Andarsari | Anisa Cendekia Muslimah | Ita Pramudia Ananta | Yusuf Alif Pratama | Noer El Huda Abd Rahim | Sakinato Mazidda | Esti Hendradi | Junaidi Khotib | Fani Deapsari | Aniek Setiya Budiatin
Source: Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Fabrication and characterization of chitosan–gelatin–chondroitin sulfate-diclofenac scaffold with cross-linked glutaraldehyde for potential application in osteoarthritis The inadequate regenerative capacity of cartilage renders osteoarthritis (OA) and cartilage injuries difficult to manage. In tissue engineering, a scaffold facilitates establishing an environment favorable to cell proliferation, migration, and adhesion. Moreover, diclofenac sodium can be administered locally due to the scaffold’s porous architecture, which possesses anti-inflammatory characteristics. This study investigated the development and characterization of an innovative scaffold formulation intended for potential application in cartilage repair associated with OA and cartilage injuries. The scaffold was cross-linked with varying concentrations of GA (0.00%–2.50%) and comprised chitosan, gelatin, chondroitin sulfate, and PEG 400. The scaffold also contained the anti-inflammatory agent, diclofenac sodium, which was dissolved in PEG 400 for targeted drug delivery. The pore diameter, porosity, compressive strength, and degradation of the scaffolds were assessed following their dried form. The results indicated that GA significantly influenced these attributes, with porosity, mechanical stability, and degradation control improved at an optimal concentration of 0.50 percent. GA cross-linking between polymer chains enhanced the scaffold’s integrity and augmented its mechanical properties through the establishment of more rigid structures. The cross-linking of the amino group in chitosan with the sulfonate group in chondroitin sulfate enhanced the scaffold’s stability. The study’s findings indicated that GA-optimized chitosan–gelatin–chondroitin sulfate-PEG 400-diclofenac scaffolds exhibited suitable physicochemical and mechanical properties, supporting their potential use in localized drug delivery systems for OA management. Glutaraldehyde ; Chondroitin sulfate ; Gelatin ; Chitosan ; Diclofenac ; Osteoarthritis ; Chemistry ; Scaffold ; Biopolymer ; Biomedical engineering ; Chromatography ; Polymer ; Organic chemistry ; Biochemistry ; Medicine ; Glycosaminoglycan ; Pathology Collagen: Extraction and Characterization ; Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms ; Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
Authors: Alyse R. Gonthier | Elliot L. Botvinick | Ali Mohraz
Source: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology (article, 2025-12-16)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Pore morphology of bijel-templated materials promotes migration and downregulates αSMA expression in human fibroblasts The efficacy of an implanted biomaterial is dependent on its ability to mitigate the foreign body response (FBR). Consequently, advancements in biomaterials design often focus on their immunomodulatory capability. Porous scaffolds have proven especially useful due to their capacity for cell infiltration and biomimicry of native tissues. Specifically, substrates with distinct microstructures have been shown to reduce fibrotic production and increase vascularization <i>in vivo</i>. Investigation of the direct relationship between FBR-implicated cell behavior and these materials, known as bicontinuous interfacially jammed emulsion gels (bijel)-templated materials (BTMs), has not yet been performed experimentally. In this study, we examine the influence of BTMs on the characteristics of human fibroblasts and assess the validity of existing computational results. The BTM, with its uniform pore size and negative Gaussian surface curvatures, is compared to the particle-templated material (PTM), which has constricting pore networks and variable surface curvature. Fibroblasts seeded into BTMs had less circular shapes, larger areas, increased motility, and reduced inflammation compared to cells seeded into PTMs. The specific behavior of cells within the PTM suggests that the reduction in migratory capability results from high local surface curvature. This corroborates previous computational work which predicted similar differences in cell shape and migration, as well as the influence of local curvature. These new experimental results provide key insights into the interaction between fibroblasts and biomaterial microstructure, prompting further investigation into the mechanisms behind these relationships. Biomaterial ; Cell ; Inflammation ; Cell type ; Porosity ; Cell migration ; Tissue engineering ; Fibroblast Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization ; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine ; Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
Authors: Tomoyuki Tsuyama | Tatsuki Oyama | Y. Azuma | Hirotada Ohashi | Masahiro Irie | Ayumi Yamakawa | Shoko Uetake | Takayuki Konno | Takahiro Ukai | Kazuhiko Ochiai | Nobuyuki Iwaoka | Atsushi Hashimoto | Yoshishige Okuno
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-02-13)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Eliminating nanometer-scale asperities on metallic thin films through plasma modification processes studied by molecular dynamics and AFM We report the effects of reducing surface asperity size at the nanometer scale on metallic surfaces by plasma-assisted surface modification processes using simulations and experiments. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted by irradiating various inert gas ions (Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe) onto a cobalt slab with nanoscale asperities on the surface. The MD simulations showed that as the atomic number of the inert gas increased the surface asperity size was reduced more efficiently, while the etching rate decreased. The dependencies of the scattering behaviors on the inert gas ions originated from the mass exchange between the working gas ions and the slab atoms. Atomic force microscopy and x-ray fluorescence measurements were performed on hard disk media subjected to the surface modification processes. These measurements experimentally demonstrated that the density of nanoscale asperities was reduced with a lower etching rate as the atomic number of the inert gas increased, consistent with the simulation results. Through this study, we clarified that heavier working gases were more effective in reducing surface asperity size without significantly reducing the thickness of the material, which can contribute to better control of surface morphologies at the nanometer scale. Nanometre ; Materials science ; Plasma ; Atomic force microscopy ; Nanotechnology ; Surface modification ; Nanoscopic scale ; Thin film ; Metal ; Scale (ratio) ; Dynamics (music) ; Molecular dynamics ; Chemical physics ; Composite material ; Chemical engineering ; Metallurgy ; Chemistry ; Physics ; Computational chemistry ; Engineering Copper Interconnects and Reliability ; Metal and Thin Film Mechanics ; Semiconductor materials and devices
Authors: Jianna Loor | M. Cordero | Miriam Lazo | Estephany Adrián | Antonio Manuel Sánchez López | Joan Vera-Villalobos | Andrés Rigail Cedeño
Source: Frontiers in Sustainability (article, 2025-09-03)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Sustainable thermoplastic elastomers: valorization of waste tires, recycled HDPE, and recycled EVA The present study focused on the comprehensive investigation of the properties of thermoplastic elastomeric composites (TPE) containing 70% by weight of ground tire rubber (GTR) and a range of 15 to 30% by weight of recycled polyethylene (rHDPE). To improve the properties of these composites, different percentages of recycled nylon fibers (rPA) and recycled ethylene vinyl acetate (rEVA) were incorporated as reinforcing and compatibilizing agent, respectively. It was found that composites containing 5% and 10% by weight of rEVA exhibited higher plastic deformation capacity (7.3%), lower stiffness, and higher impact strength (247.92 J/m). These results were attributed to lower interfacial tension between GTR and rHDPE, which allowed the rHDPE to be encapsulated in the GTR matrix, thus favoring these mechanical properties. A detailed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that the considerable particle size of the GTR used had a negative impact by causing premature tearing of the TPEs and limited deformability. Furthermore, it was confirmed that incorporating rPA into the composites adversely affected the mechanical, physical, and processability properties. This was due to difficulties in the homogeneous dispersion of rPA fibers within the GTR matrix. Also, when analyzing the processability of the composites, a slight increase in processing torque was observed in the composites with rEVA, which was attributed to a slight crosslinking of these composites. In contrast, thermogravimetric tests did not evidence a significant variation in degradation temperatures; however, they showed that the processing temperature should be kept below 380°C. These results highlight the considerable potential of the composites developed, as they have been manufactured exclusively from 100% recycled raw materials, without any physical or chemical pre-treatment. High-density polyethylene ; Thermoplastic elastomer ; Waste management ; Thermoplastic ; Materials science ; Plastic waste ; Elastomer ; Composite material ; Environmental science ; Pulp and paper industry ; Polyethylene ; Polymer ; Engineering ; Copolymer Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties ; Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Polymer crystallization and properties
Authors: Shazia Kousar | Muhammad Alyas | Muhammad Ahmad Mudassir | Ayesha Monawar | Syed Adnan Alı Shah | Madiha Irfan
Source: FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL SCIENCES (article, 2025-05-21)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Synthesis of 2?,7?-Dichlorofluorescein Hydrazide Derivatives as Potential Fluorescent Sensors Optical sensors have proven to be worthwhile alternatives to traditional sensors suitable for various sensing applications. In this context, small-molecule fluorescent probes have recently gained popularity in identifying multiple analytes in the environment and biosystems due to their user-friendliness, low cost, and rapid detection. Nonetheless, most such fluorescent probes can only detect a single analyte, thus necessitating new fluorescent compound development. To this end, we synthesized novel 2?,7?-dichlorofluorescein-based hydrazides using different substituted aryl hydrazines. The synthesis of these hydrazides was monitored by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Furthermore, the successful formation and structural elucidation of resulting hydrazides were executed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and 1H /13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. These newly synthesised hydrazides have the potential to serve as promising candidates for a wide range of sensing applications Dichlorofluorescein ; Fluorescence ; Hydrazide ; Chemistry ; Combinatorial chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Antioxidant Synthesis and biological activity ; Synthesis and Biological Evaluation ; Synthesis of Organic Compounds
Authors: Raluca Pele | Gabriel Marc | Brînduşa Tiperciuc | Ioana Ionuț | Anca Stana | Cristina Moldovan | Corina Tatomir | Oana Maria Dragostin | Adrian Pı̂rnău | Laurian Vlase | Daniel Ungureanu | Ovidiu Oniga
Source: Molecules (article, 2025-12-09)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

New Quinazolin-4(3H)-one Derivatives as Potential Antitumoral Compounds: Synthesis, In Vitro Cytotoxicity Against the HepG2 Cell Line, and In Silico VEGFR-2 Targeting-Based Studies Three new 2,3-disubstituted quinazolin-4(3<i>H</i>)-one derivatives (<b>5a</b>-<b>c</b>) were synthesized by the nucleophilic <i>S</i>-alkylation of 2-mercaptoquinazolin-4(3<i>H</i>)-one derivatives (<b>3a</b>-<b>c</b>) with 5-(2-bromoacetyl)-2-hydroxybenzamide (<b>4</b>) in alkaline conditions. The final compounds were characterized by recording the IR, MS, <sup>1</sup>H-NMR, and <sup>13</sup>C-NMR spectra. The new synthesized compounds <b>5a</b>-<b>c</b> were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxic activity using one normal cell line, human foreskin fibroblasts (BJ), and one cancerous cell line, derived from human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2). Sorafenib was used as a reference. The obtained results from the in vitro examination suggested that compound <b>5a</b> had lower cytotoxic effects on the BJ cells than the positive standard, and compound <b>5b</b> exhibited the strongest cytotoxic potential against the HepG2 cell line, being less effective compared to sorafenib. In order to evaluate their pharmacological profiles, the compounds were assessed in vitro and in silico by lipophilicity studies, targeted VEGFR-2 molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and MM-PBSA studies. Additionally, the electronic properties were evaluated by an in silico study of the HOMO and LUMO parameters. Compound <b>5b</b> exhibited the most interesting pharmacological profile in comparison with the other compounds due to its bulkier substituent from position 3 of the quinazolinone core. In silico ; In vitro ; Cytotoxic T cell ; Cytotoxicity ; Lipophilicity ; Quinazolinone ; Sorafenib ; MCF-7 Quinazolinone synthesis and applications ; Synthesis and biological activity ; Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis