jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Muhammad Hanif Baharuddin | Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir | Muhammad Hanif Ramlee
Source: Proceedings of International Exchange and Innovation Conference on Engineering & Sciences (IEICES) (article, 2025-10-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Three-dimensional Modelling and Mesh Convergence Analysis of Transtibial Prosthetic Socket using Finite Element Method Previous several researchers utilized finite element analysis (FEA) to evaluate the socket.However, there is restricted information regarding convergence study to identify the optimum mesh size.Thus, the study aimed to provide the method conducting the convergence study of prosthetic socket.The modelling of socket required the 3D model of residual leg.Hence, the residual leg of volunteer was 3D scanned to construct socket in 3-Matic (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) software and underwent mesh refinement in between 2 and 8 mm.For loading and boundary conditions, a point load with 1545.1 N magnitude was applied at distal part of socket whereas proximal part of socket was fixed in Marc.Mentat (MSC.Software, Santa Ana, CA) software.From the results, it is found that 5 mm is the optimum mesh size which the percentage difference below 5 % compared to 4 mm model with higher computational time.In conclusion, the method used for convergence study is reliable and low time consuming, where the outcomes are still promising. Finite element method ; Convergence (economics) ; Kinematics ; Set (abstract data type) Shape Memory Alloy Transformations ; Mechanical stress and fatigue analysis ; Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics
Authors: S. Muhammad | Sabo Abdulrazak | Y. S. Haruna | Sabo Abdulhafiz | D. M. Nazif
Source: Asian Journal of Science Technology Engineering and Art (article, 2025-05-18)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Performance and Economic Evaluation of Power Transformer This study presents a comprehensive performance and economic evaluation of a three-phase 132/33 kV delta/star power transformer using an enhanced Finite Element Method (FEM) integrated with ANSYS Maxwell software. The transformer model, developed based on operational data from the Gudum substation in Bauchi, Nigeria, was designed to assess electromagnetic and thermal characteristics under no-load, full-load, and short-circuit conditions. The FEM simulation incorporated detailed geometric configuration, material properties (M125-027S laminated steel core and copper windings), optimized meshing, and coupling with external electrical circuits. Key performance indicators—including magnetic flux density, core and copper losses, voltage and current outputs, and efficiency—were evaluated under varying load scenarios. The model exhibited peak efficiency of 80.84% at 97.10% loading, and simulated load currents demonstrated loss reductions between 8.46% and 11.05% relative to empirical measurements, validating the model’s reliability. Furthermore, a life cycle cost (LCC) analysis was conducted using present-value cash flow techniques over a projected 22-year operational period. The total LCC was estimated at ₦2,777,811,381, with no-load and load losses accounting for ₦534.2 million and ₦1.88 billion, respectively. These findings underscore the substantial economic implications of design and material decisions in transformer manufacturing and operation. The study emphasizes the value of advanced FEM-based tools in optimizing transformer performance and cost-efficiency, offering strategic guidance for procurement, maintenance planning, and long-term infrastructure investment in power systems. Transformer ; Reliability engineering ; Computer science ; Electrical engineering ; Engineering ; Voltage Magnetic Properties and Applications ; Power Quality and Harmonics ; Induction Heating and Inverter Technology
Authors: Jungchul Lee
Source: Micro and Nano Systems Letters (article, 2025-12-22)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Extracting liquid thermophysical properties inside stainless-steel microtubes using the 3ω method This paper examines the feasibility of using an AC Joule-heated stainless-steel (SS304) suspended microtube as a combined heater/thermometer to identify the thermal conductivity $$\:{k}_{l}$$ and volumetric heat capacity $$\:{\left(\rho\:{c}_{p}\right)}_{l}$$ of nanoliter-scale liquids, including electrically conducting liquid metals. The analysis builds on the 3ω technique, wherein a sinusoidal drive at frequency f produces temperature oscillations at 2ω and a third-harmonic voltage V3ω carrying the sample’s thermal signature. A first-order axial heat-flow model is formulated for a circular microtube and extended to treat two electrical boundary conditions inside the tube: (A) a conformal inner insulator (no electrical shunting through the liquid) and (B) direct electrical contact to a conductive liquid, which creates a parallel electrical path and modifies both Joule power and effective temperature coefficient of resistance. This study outlines an identification workflow for { $$\:{k}_{l}$$ , $$\:{\left(\rho\:{c}_{p}\right)}_{l}$$ } from the complex V3ω(f), discuss implementation constraints, and present representative spectra computed for real liquids and for a high-k liquid metal (NaK). The results indicate that, after calibration, the insulated case can recover { $$\:{k}_{l}$$ , $$\:{\left(\rho\:{c}_{p}\right)}_{l}$$ } from frequency response alone, and that even when the liquid is electrically conducting, the degradation in signal can be modeled and corrected if the parallel conduction is characterized. Joule heating ; Electrical conductor ; Thermal conductivity ; Thermal conduction ; Liquid metal ; Thermal ; Electrical contacts ; Voltage ; Electrical resistivity and conductivity Thermal properties of materials ; Mechanical and Optical Resonators ; Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices
Authors: Elisa Torre Ramos | Erick S. Vasquez
Source: Chemical Engineering Education (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

A Project-based Learning Approach Improves the Calculation Skills of the Thermodynamic Properties of a Pure Substance Students often struggle in calculating the Real Thermodynamic Properties (RTP) of pure substances, including enthalpy (H), entropy (S), specific volume (V), and internal energy (U). Project-Based Learning (PBL) offers an alternative instructional approach that integrates computational tools with inductive teaching methods. This study evaluates the effectiveness of PBL in a thermodynamics course, demonstrating that over 90% of students perceived an improved understanding of RTP calculations, with 70% achieving higher grades post-PBL implementation. Mathematics education ; Project-based learning ; Science education ; Computer science ; Psychology Various Chemistry Research Topics ; Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Process Optimization and Integration
Authors: Corentin C. L. Laudicina | Liesbeth M. C. Janssen | Grzegorz Szamel
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-12-15)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Microscopic Theory of a Fluctuation-Induced Dynamical Crossover in Supercooled Liquids Mean-field theories of the glass transition predict a phase transition to a dynamically arrested state, yet no such transition is observed in experiments or simulations of finite-dimensional systems. We resolve this long-standing discrepancy by incorporating critical dynamical fluctuations into a microscopic mode-coupling framework. We show that these fluctuations round off the mean-field singularity and restore ergodicity at all finite densities (or temperatures) without invoking activated dynamics or facilitation. The resulting effective theory describes the order parameter as a stochastic process with self-induced, annealed disorder, determined self-consistently at the mean-field level. In the $β$-relaxation regime it reduces to stochastic beta-relaxation theory, thereby unifying mode-coupling and replica-based approaches beyond mean-field. All parameters of the stochastic $β$-relaxation theory are fixed by the static structure, enabling parameter-free predictions that extend mean-field theory into finite dimensions. Supercooling ; Ergodicity ; Microscopic theory ; Crossover ; Phase transition ; Singularity ; Stochastic process ; Dynamics (music) ; Markov process Material Dynamics and Properties ; Theoretical and Computational Physics ; Advanced Physical and Chemical Molecular Interactions
Authors: Nor Hafida Hashim | Muhamad Faizal Pakir Mohamed Latiff | Mohd Zaini Endut | Hazwani Hashim | Nik Farhanim Imran | Daliah Hasan
Source: International Journal of Modern Education (article, 2025-03-16)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE 'PROGRAM CANTAS GAGAL' ON REDUCING FAILURE RATES IN SOLID MECHANICS Improving student performance in challenging subjects like Solid Mechanics requires innovative intervention strategies. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the "Program Cantas Gagal," a targeted remedial program implemented at UiTM Pulau Pinang to reduce the failure rate in Solid Mechanics for Diploma Civil Engineering students. The program involves conducting multiple extra classes where past year exam questions are extensively discussed with students. The problem addressed is the high failure rate observed in previous semesters, particularly a 20% failure rate in semester 20232. In response, the "Program Cantas Gagal" was introduced in semester 20234, aimed at providing students with additional support and focused revision sessions. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of this program on reducing the failure rate and improving overall student performance. Methodologically, this research involves a comparative analysis of failure rates and student grades from semester 20232 and semester 20234. Results show a significant reduction in the failure rate, from 20% in semester 20232 to 6% in semester 20234, indicating the program's effectiveness. The discussion highlights how the additional classes and focused discussions on past exam questions have contributed to a better understanding and application of the course material by the students. In conclusion, the "Program Cantas Gagal" has proven to be an effective strategy in improving student performance in Solid Mechanics. This study contributes valuable insights into educational intervention programs, demonstrating that targeted remedial actions can substantially enhance student outcomes in engineering education. Reliability engineering ; Computer science ; Engineering High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Engineering and Material Science Research ; Construction Engineering and Safety
Authors: İbrahim Ethem Arslan
Source: Ulusal travma dergisi (article, 2025-06-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Experimental wounding models of different bullet types and diameters on extremities This study found that M80 bullets caused the most severe bone and soft tissue damage compared to M822 and SS109 bullets, primarily due to their higher kinetic energy density and structural characteristics. Unlike prior research using synthetic tissue models, this study demonstrates the real-tissue effects of different ammunition types. Radiologists, forensic medicine experts, and other healthcare professionals should be aware that firearm injuries vary depending on the bullet's characteristics. Applying this understanding can lead to appropriate diagnoses and improved treatment strategies, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes. Anatomy ; Geology ; Medicine High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior
Authors: M. P. Nowak | M. Zegrodnik | D. Grzelec | B. Szafran | R. Citro | P. Wójcik
Source: Physical review. B./Physical review. B (article, 2025-09-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Scanning gate microscopy probing of anisotropic electron flow in a two-dimensional electron gas at the (110) <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>LaAlO</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>SrTiO</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> interface: A theoretical investigation We theoretically investigate the anisotropic dispersion features of a two-dimensional electron gas at the (110) oriented ${\mathrm{LaAlO}}_{3}/{\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ interfaces, as revealed by scanning gate microscopy of electronic flow from a quantum point contact. The dispersion relation of the (110) ${\mathrm{LaAlO}}_{3}/{\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ interface is characterized by a highly noncircular Fermi surface. Here, we develop an efficient tight-binding model for the electron gas at the interface. We show that the anisotropy of the Fermi surface causes both the direction of the electron flux from the quantum point contact and the periodicity of the self-interference conductance fringes to depend strongly on the orientation of the constriction relative to the crystal lattice. We show that the radially nonuniform distribution of the Fermi velocity on the Fermi surface results in skewing of electron trajectories when the quantum point contact gates are not aligned with the in-plane primitive vectors. We show that this effect results in the separation of electrons belonging to different orbitals for wide (110) ${\mathrm{LaAlO}}_{3}/{\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ quantum wells. Anisotropy ; Electron ; Scanning electron microscope ; Electron microscope ; Flow (mathematics) ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Physics ; Mathematics ; Chemistry ; Geometry ; Optics ; Quantum mechanics ; Chromatography Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides ; Semiconductor materials and devices ; Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
Authors: Vincent Lamirand
Source: EPJ Web of Conferences (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

From real life to scale model (and back again): The life of CROCUS in the student’s mind The CROCUS nuclear reactor is primarily motivated by education, from public visits to advanced teaching at the Bachelor’s, Master’s, and doctoral levels, as well as professional training. It is a uranium-fueled, light-water moderated, zero power reactor with a maximum power of 100 W. As simple as an operational reactor can be, CROCUS effectively supports conceptual understanding through its tangible materiality, offering virtually no distance from the system, no significant risk, and negligible dose rates in its vicinity. Once the basic concepts and systems are grasped, however, a deeper effort is required to fully comprehend the machine and the underlying physics. Various tools are employed to accompany this learning process, including Monte Carlo modeling, operator licensing for PhD students, and tangible scale models – the focus of this contribution. Following the limited use of an earlier 3D-printed model, a sturdier and more manipulation-friendly version was built using LEGO ® bricks. This model reproduces all key features with minimal approximations, helping to visualize otherwise hidden elements, such as the startup source and the expansion vases. We present the educational objectives, the learning methods applied, and the benefits of using CROCUS and its models. The impact of the LEGO ® model was evaluated in two teaching contexts: a large group of 2 nd -year Physics Bachelor students during a single 4-hour experiment, and a smaller group of 1 st -year Nuclear Engineering Master students over a semester-long practical course. Statistical analysis indicates improvement in the Master students’ understanding of CROCUS and reactor functioning. Crocus ; Bachelor ; Scale (ratio) ; Conceptual model ; Power (physics) ; Focus (optics) Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies ; Nuclear reactor physics and engineering ; Experimental Learning in Engineering
Authors: Eduardo De Paiva
Source: LUMEN ET VIRTUS (article, 2025-08-12)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A SIMPLE MONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF RADIOACTIVE DECAY This work presents a simple Monte Carlo simulation of radioactive decay implemented in Fortran programming language. The simulation uses random number generation to model the probability of decay of unstable nuclei. Probabilities of 10%, 50%, and 90% were tested, and the results exhibit the expected exponential behavior, demonstrated by straight lines in semi-logarithmic plots. In addition to hypothetical cases, the decay of the radioactive isotope Carbon-14 was also modeled and analyzed, highlighting the method´s applicability to real-world scenarios. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach for examining statistical properties of decay processes and offer insight into the relationship between simulation parameters and physical observables. Monte Carlo method ; Simple (philosophy) ; Statistical physics ; Computer science ; Physics ; Mathematics ; Statistics Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies ; Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies ; Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
Authors: Valiyev Ulugbek Kadirovich
Source: European International Journal of Pedagogics (article, 2025-10-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Development Of A Didactic Model Based On Information Technologies In Teaching Semiconductor Physics This article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations for developing a didactic model for teaching semiconductor physics using modern information technologies. The aim of the study is to improve the learning effectiveness of complex physics concepts and processes through the integration of digital learning tools, virtual laboratories, and simulation models. The proposed model is based on the principles of system-activity, constructivist, and cognitive approaches and fosters students' spatial-imaginative and exploratory thinking. An experiment confirmed that the use of digital platforms and interactive visualization tools facilitates a deep understanding of charge transfer phenomena, band structure, and recombination processes in semiconductor materials. The practical significance of the study lies in the potential application of the proposed model in the development of e-courses, training modules, and virtual laboratories in the disciplines of Solid State Physics and Semiconductor Physics. Visualization ; Development (topology) ; Semiconductor ; Charge (physics) ; Virtual Laboratory ; Information technology ; State (computer science) Advanced Materials and Semiconductor Technologies ; Innovations in Education and Learning Technologies ; Innovative Educational Technologies
Authors: Robert Krobot | Martin Dadić
Source: Sensors (article, 2025-06-18)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

An Iterative Error Correction Procedure for Single Sheet Testers Using FEM 3D Model Determination of single-valued BH curve and power loss curve of electric steels is an important parameter in the design of electrical machines and transformers. This paper proposes a correction procedure for the measurement of anhysteretic BH curve and power losses, based on the finite element model (FEM) and SST apparatus. A 3D finite element model (FEM) of the SST (Single Sheet Tester) was developed with respect to the IEC 60404-3 standard. The measurement results obtained with a standardized SST apparatus are fed to its FEM and used to iteratively correct initial BH and power loss curves, obtained using magnetic equivalent circuits theory. The proposed iterative correction procedure is based on the steepest descent algorithm, while the stopping criteria were based on the difference between simulated and measured global variables (power loss, induced voltage, and primary current). After correction, root mean squared errors were decreased from 1.85 A/m to 42.88 × 10<sup>-3</sup> A/m for the BH curve, and from 44.5 × 10<sup>-4</sup> W/kg to 7.28 × 10<sup>-4</sup> W/kg for the power loss curve. Finite element method ; Computer science ; Algorithm ; Engineering drawing ; Engineering ; Structural engineering Magnetic Properties and Applications ; Non-Destructive Testing Techniques ; Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques
Authors: Tomas Berggren | Matthew Nicoletti
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-02-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Gaussian Free Field and Discrete Gaussians in Periodic Dimer Models We analyze height fluctuations in Aztec diamond dimer models with nearly arbitrary periodic edge weights. We show that the centered height function approximates the sum of two independent components: a Gaussian free field on the multiply connected liquid region and a harmonic function with random liquid-gas boundary values. The boundary values are jointly distributed as a discrete Gaussian random vector. This discrete Gaussian distribution maintains a quasi-periodic dependence on $N$, a phenomenon also observed in multi-cut random matrix models. Gaussian ; Statistical physics ; Dimer ; Mixture model ; Field (mathematics) ; Computer science ; Mathematics ; Physics ; Artificial intelligence ; Pure mathematics ; Quantum mechanics ; Nuclear magnetic resonance Material Dynamics and Properties ; Electrostatics and Colloid Interactions ; Scientific Research and Discoveries
Authors: Zheng-Yuan Chen | Tianyi Li | Yang Yang | Hua‐Dong Huang | Hao Lin | Han Liu | Gan‐Ji Zhong | Zhong‐Ming Li
Source: Polymer (article, 2025-08-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Intelligent information extraction pipeline driven by large language model for building polymer processing database Pipeline (software) ; Computer science ; Database ; Extraction (chemistry) ; Information extraction ; Information retrieval ; Programming language ; Chemistry Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Web Data Mining and Analysis ; Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services
Authors: Junhyeong Lee | Jong Min Yuk | Chan‐Woo Lee
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-05-09)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Symbol-based entity marker highlighting for enhanced text mining in materials science with generative AI The construction of experimental datasets is essential for expanding the scope of data-driven scientific discovery. Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) have facilitated automatic extraction of structured data from unstructured scientific literature. While existing approaches-multi-step and direct methods-offer valuable capabilities, they also come with limitations when applied independently. Here, we propose a novel hybrid text-mining framework that integrates the advantages of both methods to convert unstructured scientific text into structured data. Our approach first transforms raw text into entity-recognized text, and subsequently into structured form. Furthermore, beyond the overall data structuring framework, we also enhance entity recognition performance by introducing an entity marker-a simple yet effective technique that uses symbolic annotations to highlight target entities. Specifically, our entity marker-based hybrid approach not only consistently outperforms previous entity recognition approaches across three benchmark datasets (MatScholar, SOFC, and SOFC slot NER) but also improve the quality of final structured data-yielding up to a 58% improvement in entity-level F1 score and up to 83% improvement in relation-level F1 score compared to direct approach. Benchmark (surveying) ; Structuring ; Unstructured data ; Named-entity recognition ; Scope (computer science) ; Generative grammar ; Structured prediction ; Information extraction ; Entity linking Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Advanced Graph Neural Networks ; Topic Modeling