jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Yorick Delaup | A. Pascali | P. Costa Pinto | Marcel Himmerlich | C. Kouzios | Valentine Petit
Source: Surface and Coatings Technology (article, 2025-10-21)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Mitigating the detrimental effect of hydrogen impurities on secondary electron yield of amorphous carbon thin films: A study on power density, and discharge modes Amorphous carbon thin films with low Secondary Electron Yield (SEY) are critical for applications where electron multipacting limits achievable performance. Such films are effective to mitigate electron cloud formation within the vacuum beam lines of particle accelerators such as the Large Hadron Collider and the Super Proton Synchrotron at CERN. They are now also being implemented in the new Electron Ion Collider under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Research over the last decade has highlighted the significant role of hydrogen presence in the plasma discharge during deposition. Hydrogen incorporation in the films has been shown to increase the SEY, posing a key challenge in coating the extensive beam pipes for particle accelerators. In this study, the effects of power density and discharge mode, i.e. Direct Current (DC) and High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS), on the SEY of amorphous carbon films are examined. These films were produced by sputtering in an argon atmosphere with 1.3 % D₂ to simulate hydrogen-like impurities typically arising from outgassing in the beam pipes and the deposition system. The D₂ consumption during the coating process was monitored by mass spectrometry and is correlated with the SEY. The findings indicate that higher deposition powers result in films with lower SEY, suggesting a reduced deuterium incorporation. Additionally, for the same average power density, films deposited in HiPIMS mode exhibit a lower SEY compared to those deposited in DC mode. The results are discussed in the context of hydrogen incorporation mechanisms in carbon films, with a view towards optimizing coating system design and process parameters. • Graphitic carbon thin films can reduce Secondary Electron Yield (SEY) of surfaces. • Discharge power impacts the mitigation of D 2 impurities in the Ar process gas. • Sp 2 fraction in carbon films correlates with deuterium consumption and SEY. • Higher discharge powers favour sp 2 in films sputtered in Ar-D 2 and reduce SEY. • Use of High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering can minimize deuterium consumption. Amorphous carbon ; Sputtering ; Hydrogen ; Sputter deposition ; Carbon film ; Coating ; Outgassing ; Thin film ; High-power impulse magnetron sputtering Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research ; Semiconductor materials and devices ; Thin-Film Transistor Technologies
Authors: Modesto Herrera-González | J. Martínez-Castillo | Pedro J. García-Ramírez | Enrique Delgado‐Alvarado | P. Mabil-Espinosa | J. C. Nolasco-Montaño | Agustín L. Herrera‐May
Source: Technologies (article, 2025-08-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Quantum Transport in GFETs Combining Landauer–Büttiker Formalism with Self-Consistent Schrödinger–Poisson Solutions The unique properties of graphene have allowed for the development of graphene-based field-effect transistors (GFETs) for applications in biosensors and chemical devices. However, the modeling and optimization of GFET performance exhibit great challenges. Herein, we propose a quantum transport simulation model for graphene-based field-effect transistors (GFETs) implemented in the open-source Octave programming language. The proposed simulation model (named SimQ) combines the Landauer–Büttiker formalism with self-consistent Schrödinger–Poisson solutions, enabling reliable simulations of transport phenomena. Our approach agrees well with established models, achieving Landauer–Büttiker transmission and tunneling transmission of 0.28 and 0.92, respectively, which are validated against experimental data. The model can predict key GFET characteristics, including carrier mobilities (500–4000 cm2/V·s), quantum capacitance effects, and high-frequency operation (80–100 GHz). SimQ offers detailed insights into charge distribution and wave function evolution, achieving an enhanced computational efficiency through optimized algorithms. Our work contributes to the modeling of graphene-based field-effect transistors, providing a flexible and accessible simulation platform for designing and optimizing GFETs with potential applications in the next generation of electronic devices. Formalism (music) ; Schrödinger's cat ; Physics ; Mathematical physics ; Poisson distribution ; Quantum ; Quantum mechanics ; Statistical physics ; Mathematics ; Statistics Graphene research and applications ; Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design ; Quantum and electron transport phenomena
Authors: Abramov, I. I. | Labunov, V. | Kalameitsava, N.
Source: Репозиторий БГУИР (BSUIR Repository) (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Моделирование полевых транзисторов на основе двухслойного графена и резонансно-туннельных гетероструктур на основе 2D-материалов с вертикальным транспортом Тhe article is dedicated to simulation of field-effect transistors based on bilayer graphene and resonant-tunneling heterostructures based on 2D-materials with vertical transport Bilayer ; Transistor ; Bilayer graphene ; Process (computing) Graphene research and applications ; Advanced Materials and Semiconductor Technologies ; 2D Materials and Applications
Authors: Gustavo Macioski | Emanoel Cunha Araújo | Marcelo Henrique Farias de Medeiros
Source:  (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

ANÁLISE NUMÉRICA DA IMPERMEABILIZAÇÃO DE SUPERFÍCIE NA DIFUSÃO DE CLORETOS EM CONCRETO ARMADO: APLICAÇÃO DO MÉTODO DAS DIFERENÇAS FINITAS Este estudo investiga, por meio de modelagem numérica, a influência do momento de aplicação de barreiras de impermeabilização superficial sobre o processo de difusão de íons cloreto em concreto armado, um dos principais mecanismos de deterioração em estruturas expostas a ambientes agressivos. A penetração de cloretos promove a despassivação das armaduras, desencadeando processos corrosivos que comprometem a durabilidade e a vida útil das estruturas. A avaliação foi realizada por meio de simulações unidimensionais, baseadas no método das diferenças finitas, considerando coeficiente de difusão efetivo constante e condições de contorno representativas da exposição ambiental. As simulações foram implementadas em MATLAB, com a aplicação da impermeabilização prevista em diferentes idades da estrutura (1 a 25 anos). Os resultados demonstram que intervenções precoces promovem reduções expressivas da concentração de cloretos nos cobrimentos críticos. A impermeabilização aplicada no primeiro ano limita a concentração de cloretos a níveis inferiores a 0,30% em profundidades usuais de cobrimento, enquanto aplicações tardias (após cinco anos) apresentam eficácia significativamente reduzida, mesmo com maiores espessuras de recobrimento. Os achados reforçam a relevância do planejamento preventivo de medidas de proteção superficial e evidenciam a aplicabilidade de modelos numéricos simplificados como ferramenta de suporte à decisão na gestão da durabilidade de estruturas de concreto armado expostas à ação de cloretos. Work (physics) ; Reinforced concrete ; Poison control ; Metropolitan area Engineering and Material Science Research
Authors: Chaolong Yang | Reihaneh Amirbeigiarab | Sönke Buttenschön | E. Pehlke | Olaf M. Magnussen
Source: Angewandte Chemie (article, 2025-01-27)
Field: Chemistry — Electrochemistry

Non‐Monotonic Variation of Potential‐Dependent Surface Diffusion at Electrochemical Interfaces in the Presence of Coadsorbates Abstract The influence of coadsorbed ions on adsorbate diffusion, an inherent effect at solid–liquid interfaces, was studied for adsorbed sulfur on Ag(100) electrodes in the presence of bromide or iodide. Quantitative in situ high‐speed scanning tunnelling microscopy (video‐STM) measurements were performed both in the potential regime of the c(2×2) halide adlayer at its saturation coverage and in the regime of a disordered adlayer where the halide coverage increases with potential. These studies reveal a surprising non‐monotonic potential dependence of S a d diffusion with an initial increase with halide coverage, followed by a decrease upon halide adlayer ordering into the c(2×2) structure. Density functional theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations only qualitatively reproduce the rise in S a d mobility with halide coverage, suggesting that many‐adsorbate interactions and the presence of the electrolyte need to be considered. Electrochemistry ; Diffusion ; Variation (astronomy) ; Monotonic function ; Chemical physics ; Surface (topology) ; Surface diffusion ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Thermodynamics ; Physical chemistry ; Physics ; Mathematics ; Geometry ; Electrode ; Adsorption ; Mathematical analysis Electrochemical Analysis and Applications ; Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition ; Surface and Thin Film Phenomena
Authors: Florian Castioni | Yves Auad | Jean‐Denis Blazit | Xingwen Li | Steffi Y. Woo | K. Watanabe | Takashi Taniguchi | Ching‐Hwa Ho | Odile Stéphan | Mathieu Kociak | Luiz H. G. Tizei
Source: Microscopy and Microanalysis (article, 2025-07-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Nanosecond Nanothermometry with Time-Resolved EELS in a STEM Nanosecond ; Materials science ; Optics ; Physics ; Laser Thermal properties of materials ; Mechanical and Optical Resonators ; Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies
Authors: Taras Holubets | Volodymyr Yuzevych | Bohdan Koman
Source: Journal of Theoretical Physics & Mathematics Research (article, 2025-07-09)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

Mathematical Modeling of Mechanical Thermodiffusion Processes Under Influence of Microwave Irradiation In this work the methods of applying the spatial averaging method to the description of the diffusion, electrodynamics and mechanical properties of a porous multiphase (composite) wetted medium are considered. The set of physical phenomena and processes in porous wetted materials is described in detail, as well as mathematical or theoretical models are proposed to describe the interaction of moisture, electromagnetic and mechanical fields. For a porous humidified medium, a closed system of equations was obtained, which connects the processes of heat and mass transfer with internal heat sources induced by external microwave electromagnetic radiation and mechanical stresses within the framework of the model of a continuous medium. Porous medium ; Work (physics) ; Microwave ; Heat transfer ; Electromagnetic radiation ; Mathematical model ; Internal heating ; Electromagnetic field Material Properties and Applications ; Iron and Steelmaking Processes ; Field-Flow Fractionation Techniques
Authors: Weiye Gan | Tangjun Wang | Qiang Du | Zuoqiang Shi
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-04-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A Nonlocal Biharmonic Model with $Γ$-Convergence to Local Model and an Efficient Numerical Method Nonlocal models and their associated theories have been extensively investigated in recent years. Among these, nonlocal versions of the classical Laplace operator have attracted the most attention, while higher-order nonlocal operators have been studied far less. In this work, we focus on the nonlocal counterpart of the classical biharmonic operator together with the clamped boundary condition ($u$ and $\frac{\partial u}{\partial n}$ are given on the boundary). We develop the variational formulation of a nonlocal biharmonic model, establish the existence and uniqueness of its solution, and analyze its convergence as the nonlocal horizon approaches zero. In addition, we propose an efficient finite element method to solve the nonlocal model and the numerical results verify the analytical properties of the nonlocal model and its solution. Biharmonic equation ; Uniqueness ; Convergence (economics) ; Finite element method ; Focus (optics) ; Operator (biology) ; Boundary value problem Nonlocal and gradient elasticity in micro/nano structures ; Fractional Differential Equations Solutions ; Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Eduarda De Castro Guterres | Rafael B. Schivittz | Paulo F. Butzen
Source: Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems (article, 2025-05-22)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Evaluating Aging Effects Impact on Radiation Robustness of Combinational Gates in ASAP7 FinFet Technology This study investigates the impact of aging degradation on the performance of standard logic cells through simulations. The results show that aging affects the high-to-low (HL) and low-to-high (LH) transition times of logic gates, with simpler gates experiencing more aging than their counterparts with more inputs. Furthermore, more complex gates exhibit greater variability in degradation, particularly in HL transitions. The analysis also reveals that considering both Bias Temperature Instability (BTI) and Single Event Transient (SET) effects is crucial for designing reliable digital circuits. The comparison of BTI with SET effects relative to the fresh state highlights the significant impact of cell degradation on the robustness of logic gates. Robustness (evolution) ; Reliability engineering ; Combinational logic ; Electronic engineering ; Computer science ; Logic gate ; Algorithm ; Engineering ; Chemistry Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies ; Fatigue and fracture mechanics ; Nuclear and radioactivity studies
Authors: Hussein Fakih | Sami Hammoud | Salwa Manosur | Ragheb Mghames | Wafa Saoud
Source: WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICS (article, 2025-12-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

On the Nonlocal Cahn-hilliard Inpainting Model with Singular Nonlinearity In this paper, we consider the nonlocal Cahn-Hilliard equation with a fidelity term and singular nonlinearities, which has numerous applications in biology and image inpainting. First, we prove the existence of a unique solution. We approximate the singular nonlinearities by regular nonlinearities, from which we derive important priori-estimates for the solution of the approximating problem. We then establish the existence of a solution to the approximating problem using the Faedo-Galerkin method. Additionally, we demonstrate that the solution of the Cahn-Hilliard equation in question is of higher regular by applying Sobolev embedding theorems. Finally, we discuss the important separation property of the solution that allows us to obtain a global (in time) unique solution of the problem. Embedding ; Sobolev space ; Term (time) ; Nonlinear system ; Singular solution ; Property (philosophy) ; Inpainting Solidification and crystal growth phenomena ; Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations ; Numerical methods in inverse problems
Authors: Nikola Borovnik | Saša Mudrinić | Nenad Ferdelji
Source: Processes (article, 2025-08-22)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Dual-Scale Modelling of the Vacuum Drying Process for Transformer Cellulose-Based Insulation The vacuum drying of cellulose-based insulation is an essential step in the transformer manufacturing process, typically consisting of both heat and vacuum application. The moisture inside cellulose insulation during this process is transferred by various transport mechanisms, some of which are affected by the insulation’s temperature. Moreover, the conditions within the vacuum chamber are generally transient and highly dynamic, depending on the employed process control strategy, and may include various phenomena, such as gas expansion during pump-down and radiative heat transfer. From a modelling perspective, these factors can significantly impact the drying rate by altering the boundary conditions of heat and mass transport equations. To account for such effects, a model that considers the process at both the scale of cellulose insulation and the scale of the vacuum chamber is presented. A simplified drying system with two-point process control is introduced to simulate multiple cases. The results highlight the sensitivity of drying behaviour to both the model parameters and the selected control strategy. A comparison with existing Fickian diffusion models indicates that the proposed model, when properly calibrated, can reliably reproduce drying dynamics and thus provide a powerful tool for optimizing vacuum drying procedures. Transformer ; Materials science ; Cellulose ; Process engineering ; Composite material ; Chemical engineering ; Engineering ; Electrical engineering High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena
Authors: Wenhua Ma | Chengzhi Xing | W. Wang | Qijin Zhang | Zaiwei Wang | Yue Yang | Cheng Liu
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2025-12-01)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Ozone pollution monitoring using a full-time hyperspectral tomography system for multiple air pollutants All-day monitoring of ozone and its precursors is crucial for understanding the chemical processes driving ozone pollution and improving urban air quality. Previously, the absence of cost-effective instruments with high temporal resolution, wide coverage, and fine spatial detail made comprehensive simultaneous observations of ozone and its precursors impossible, limiting our ability to study complex atmospheric chemical changes at night. Our study addresses this challenge by combining computed tomography and Differential optical absorption spectroscopy algorithms to achieve high-spatial-resolution, multi-constituent detection throughout the day. We tested multiple Light emitting diodes with varying wavelengths to enhance cost-effectiveness and incorporated high-precision tracking technology to enable accurate signal return from a drone-carried reflector array. Here, we show an affordable instrument that provides rapid response, precise spatial details, and extensive coverage for all-day detection of ozone and key precursors like formaldehyde and nitrogen dioxide, offering valuable insights into ozone pollution dynamics and aiding pollution source identification. Ozone ; Hyperspectral imaging ; Air pollution ; Differential optical absorption spectroscopy ; Pollutant ; Pollution ; Tomography ; Tracking (education) Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques ; Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Authors: Salem Mosbah | Rodrigo Gómez Vázquez | Constantin Zenz | D. Tourret | Andreas Otto
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-04-17)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A particle-based approach for the prediction of grain microstructures in solidification processes Grain microstructures are crucial to the mechanical properties, performance, and often lifetime of metallic components. Hence, the prediction of grain microstructures emerging from solidification processes at relevant macroscopic scale is essential to the design or optimization of new alloys and processing conditions. Yet, despite the broad range of multi-scale models proposed so far, all of them suffer from computational limitations, such that advances from computational and algorithm perspectives remain needed. Here, we present a novel approach for tracking crystallographic solidification grain envelopes capable of predicting competitive growth scenarios and columnar-to-equiaxed transitions for stationary grains. The model relies on classical assumptions and equations in use in several broadly used and thoroughly validated approaches (e.g. cellular automata). Yet, our approach defines the grain envelope using Lagrangian particles and tracks their evolution using an algorithm and an implementation relying on scalable libraries and using modern CPU/GPU architectures. The model is used to simulate several benchmarks of increasing complexity, and the results are compared to analytical, experimental, and numerical results from literature for the purpose of model validation. To highlight the applicability to real-world processes and the possibility of coupling the model with existing physics-based simulation tools, the model is also (one-way) coupled with a multiphysics laser-material-interaction model to simulate competitive grain growth during laser beam welding of steel. Multiphysics ; Grain growth ; Welding ; Envelope (radar) ; Microstructure ; Coupling (piping) ; Range (aeronautics) ; Scale (ratio) ; Grain size Solidification and crystal growth phenomena ; Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties
Authors: Albert-Sebastian Cîrdei | Virgil-Adrian Moroșan-Larionescu | Florin-Valentin Leuciuc
Source: Balneo and PRM Research Journal (article, 2025-09-30)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Device for testing and improving students' reaction speed The article presents the description and use of an apparatus designed to test and improve the reaction speed of students in order to accurately quantify the cognitive performance and motor reactions of high school students. This experimental study includes different traditional and modern methods of analysis and control such as: test method, video method, observation method, experiment method, assistive devices method, etc. The present research includes a series of tests that allow the evaluation of reaction speed, adapting to the level of each subject. The tests applied were for the dexter hand, the non-dexter hand and simultaneously for both upper segments. We observed an improvement in reaction speed in the experimental group. The apparatus used in the tests can also be used as a specific means for the development of reaction speed in secondary school students. The overall conclusion is that the introduction of interactive and accessible technologies in the educational environment can have a positive impact on pupils' performance, especially in terms of reaction speed and coordination. The study provides a solid basis for extending the research to larger groups and a variety of educational contexts. Variety (cybernetics) ; Test (biology) ; Control (management) ; Series (stratigraphy) ; Electronic speed control ; Experimental data Various Chemistry Research Topics ; Innovative Teaching Methods