jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Ritesh Verma | Ankush Sharma | Vishal Dutta | Ankush Chauhan | Dinesh Pathak | Suresh Ghotekar
Source: Emergent Materials (article, 2023-11-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Recent trends in synthesis of 2D MXene-based materials for sustainable environmental applications Abstract The unique properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials have piqued the interest of the technical community. Titanium carbide (MXene) is a member of a rapidly expanding family of 2D materials with exceptional physiochemical characteristics and a wide range of uses in the environmental field. 2D MXene has long been a topic of interest in environmental applications, including wastewater treatment, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, photocatalysis, and hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) due to its high conductivity, varied band gap, hydrophilic nature, and exceptional structural stability. This study covers important developments in 2D MXene and discusses how design, synthetic methods, and stability have changed over time. In this review paper, we have discussed the strategy synthesizing of conventional, affordable heterojunctions and Schottky junctions, as well as the development, mechanisms, and trends in the deterioration of environmental organic contaminants, HER, and EMI Shielding. We also explore the obstacles and restrictions that prevent the scientific community from producing practical MXene with regulated characteristics and structures for environmental applications and analyzing its present usage. The hazardous-environmental aspects of MXene-based materials and the problems and future possibilities of these applications are also examined and emphasized. This review paper focused on environmental applications such as heavy metal detection and removal, EMI shielding, and hydrogen generation using MXenes. The issues related to wastewater, electromagnetic interference, and clean energy production are very persistent in the environment, and a better material is required to address these challenges. Thus, MXene is a kind of material that could be a better alternative to address these persistent issues, and hence, this review becomes very important, which can pave the way for the development of MXene-based materials to address these issues. Graphical abstract MXenes ; EMI ; Hazardous waste ; Electromagnetic shielding ; Schottky barrier ; Nanotechnology ; Electromagnetic interference ; Materials science ; Computer science ; Biochemical engineering ; Environmental science ; Engineering ; Telecommunications ; Waste management MXene and MAX Phase Materials ; Graphene research and applications ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
Authors: Jaya Verma | Caaisha Warsame | Rajkumar Kottayasamy Seenivasagam | Nirmal Kumar Katiyar | Eiman Aleem | Saurav Goel
Source: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews (review, 2023-02-24)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Nanoparticle-mediated cancer cell therapy: basic science to clinical applications Every sixth person in the world dies due to cancer, making it the second leading severe cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. According to WHO, cancer claimed nearly 10 million deaths in 2020. The most common types of cancers reported have been breast (lung, colon and rectum, prostate cases), skin (non-melanoma) and stomach. In addition to surgery, the most widely used traditional types of anti-cancer treatment are radio- and chemotherapy. However, these do not distinguish between normal and malignant cells. Additional treatment methods have evolved over time for early detection and targeted therapy of cancer. However, each method has its limitations and the associated treatment costs are quite high with adverse effects on the quality of life of patients. Use of individual atoms or a cluster of atoms (nanoparticles) can cause a paradigm shift by virtue of providing point of sight sensing and diagnosis of cancer. Nanoparticles (1-100 nm in size) are 1000 times smaller in size than the human cell and endowed with safer relocation capability to attack mechanically and chemically at a precise location which is one avenue that can be used to destroy cancer cells precisely. This review summarises the extant understanding and the work done in this area to pave the way for physicians to accelerate the use of hybrid mode of treatments by leveraging the use of various nanoparticles. Cancer ; Medicine ; Prostate cancer ; Colorectal cancer ; Adverse effect ; Internal medicine Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics ; Cancer Cells and Metastasis
Authors: Zouhair Ait‐Touchente | Maya Khellaf | Guy Raffin | Noureddine Lebaz | Abdelhamid Elaı̈ssari
Source: Polymers for Advanced Technologies (article, 2023-11-02)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Recent advances in polyvinyl chloride (<scp>PVC</scp>) recycling Abstract Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) recycling is crucial for mitigating the environmental impact of PVC wastes, which take decades to decompose in landfills. This review examines the current state of PVC recycling processes, focusing on challenges and future research opportunities. It explores the types and sources of PVC wastes, including post‐consumer, industrial, and construction wastes. Conventional recycling methods such as mechanical, thermal, and chemical recycling are discussed, highlighting their advantages, limitations, and successful applications. Furthermore, recent advances in PVC recycling, including biological, plasma‐assisted, and solvent‐based recycling, are explored, considering their potential benefits and challenges. The review emphasizes the European context of PVC recycling, as the region has implemented regulatory initiatives and collaborations. It points out the Circular Economy Action Plan and directives targeting PVC waste management, which have promoted recycling and established a supportive framework. Challenges of current PVC recycling methods and technologies, such as low yield and high energy consumption, are identified. The review calls for the development of efficient and cost‐effective recycling technologies, along with improvements in recycling infrastructure and consumer awareness. Assessing the environmental and economic impacts, PVC recycling significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions and conserves resources compared to virgin PVC production. The economic benefits include job creation and reduced raw material costs. Context (archaeology) ; Polyvinyl chloride ; Waste management ; Greenhouse gas ; Raw material ; Waste recycling ; Environmental science ; Materials science ; Business ; Engineering Polymer Science and PVC ; Recycling and Waste Management Techniques ; Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
Authors: Dingren Ma | Qiyu Lian | Yexing Zhang | Yajing Huang | Xinyi Guan | Qiwen Liang | Chun He | Dehua Xia | Shengwei Liu | Jiaguo Yu
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2023-11-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Catalytic ozonation mechanism over M1-N3C1 active sites The structure-activity relationship in catalytic ozonation remains unclear, hindering the understanding of activity origins. Here, we report activity trends in catalytic ozonation using a series of single-atom catalysts with well-defined M<sub>1</sub>-N<sub>3</sub>C<sub>1</sub> (M: manganese, ferrum, cobalt, and nickel) active sites. The M<sub>1</sub>-N<sub>3</sub>C<sub>1</sub> units induce locally polarized M - C bonds to capture ozone molecules onto M atoms and serve as electron shuttles for catalytic ozonation, exhibiting excellent catalytic activities (at least 527 times higher than commercial manganese dioxide). The combined in situ characterization and theoretical calculations reveal single metal atom-dependent catalytic activity, with surface atomic oxygen reactivity identified as a descriptor for the structure-activity relationship in catalytic ozonation. Additionally, the dissociation barrier of surface peroxide species is proposed as a descriptor for the structure-activity relationship in ozone decomposition. These findings provide guidelines for designing high-performance catalytic ozonation catalysts and enhance the atomic-level mechanistic understanding of the integral control of ozone and methyl mercaptan. Catalysis ; Manganese ; Chemistry ; Ozone ; Dissociation (chemistry) ; Peroxide ; Nickel ; Molecule ; Oxygen ; Cobalt ; Reactivity (psychology) ; Photochemistry ; Metal ; Inorganic chemistry ; Physical chemistry ; Organic chemistry Catalytic Processes in Materials Science ; Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques ; Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides
Authors: Jiabing Feng | Lei Liu | Yan Zhang | Qingsheng Wang | Hong Liang | Hao Wang | Pingan Song
Source: Exploration (article, 2023-07-06)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Rethinking the pathway to sustainable fire retardants Flame retardants are currently used in a wide range of industry sectors for saving lives and property by mitigating fire hazards. The growing fire safety requirements for materials boost an escalating demand for consumption of fire retardants. This has significantly driven both the industry and scientific community to pursue sustainable fire retardants, but what makes a sustainable flame retardant? Here an overview of recent advances in sustainable flame retardants is offered, and their renewable raw materials, green synthesis and life cycle assessments are highlighted. A discussion on key challenges that hinder the innovation of fire retardants and design principles for creating truly sustainable yet cost-effective fire retardants are also presented. This short work is expected to help drive the development of sustainable, cost-effective fire retardants, and expedite the creation of a more sustainable and safer society. Fire retardant ; Business ; Work (physics) ; Fire protection ; Sustainable development ; Sustainability ; SAFER ; Fire safety ; Life-cycle assessment ; Environmental planning ; Environmental economics ; Environmental science ; Risk analysis (engineering) ; Engineering ; Production (economics) ; Computer science ; Civil engineering ; Materials science Flame retardant materials and properties ; Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact ; biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
Authors: Noura El‐Ahmady El‐Naggar | Shimaa R. Dalal | Amal M. Zweil | Marwa Eltarahony
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2023-03-16)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Artificial intelligence-based optimization for chitosan nanoparticles biosynthesis, characterization and in‑vitro assessment of its anti-biofilm potentiality Chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) are promising biopolymeric nanoparticles with excellent physicochemical, antimicrobial, and biological properties. CNPs have a wide range of applications due to their unique characteristics, including plant growth promotion and protection, drug delivery, antimicrobials, and encapsulation. The current study describes an alternative, biologically-based strategy for CNPs biosynthesis using Olea europaea leaves extract. Face centered central composite design (FCCCD), with 50 experiments was used for optimization of CNPs biosynthesis. The artificial neural network (ANN) was employed for analyzing, validating, and predicting CNPs biosynthesis using Olea europaea leaves extract. Using the desirability function, the optimum conditions for maximum CNPs biosynthesis were determined theoretically and verified experimentally. The highest experimental yield of CNPs (21.15 mg CNPs/mL) was obtained using chitosan solution of 1%, leaves extract solution of 100%, initial pH 4.47, and incubation time of 60 min at 53.83°C. The SEM and TEM images revealed that CNPs had a spherical form and varied in size between 6.91 and 11.14 nm. X-ray diffraction demonstrates the crystalline nature of CNPs. The surface of the CNPs is positively charged, having a Zeta potential of 33.1 mV. FTIR analysis revealed various functional groups including C-H, C-O, CONH<sub>2</sub>, NH<sub>2</sub>, C-OH and C-O-C. The thermogravimetric investigation indicated that CNPs are thermally stable. The CNPs were able to suppress biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and C. albicans at concentrations ranging from 10 to 1500 µg/mL in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition of biofilm formation was associated with suppression of metabolic activity, protein/exopolysaccharide moieties, and hydrophobicity of biofilm encased cells (r ˃ 0.9, P = 0.00). Due to their small size, in the range of 6.91 to 11.14 nm, CNPs produced using Olea europaea leaves extract are promising for applications in the medical and pharmaceutical industries, in addition to their potential application in controlling multidrug-resistant microorganisms, especially those associated with post COVID-19 pneumonia in immunosuppressed patients. Chitosan ; Biosynthesis ; Biofilm ; Olea ; Nuclear chemistry ; Nanoparticle ; Chemistry ; Materials science ; Biochemistry ; Bacteria ; Nanotechnology ; Biology ; Botany Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls ; Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Miao Tang | Zhuoran Zhong | Chenfeng Ke
Source: Chemical Society Reviews (review, 2023-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Advanced supramolecular design for direct ink writing of soft materials The exciting advancements in 3D-printing of soft materials are changing the landscape of materials development and fabrication. Among various 3D-printers that are designed for soft materials fabrication, the direct ink writing (DIW) system is particularly attractive for chemists and materials scientists due to the mild fabrication conditions, compatibility with a wide range of organic and inorganic materials, and the ease of multi-materials 3D-printing. Inks for DIW need to possess suitable viscoelastic properties to allow for smooth extrusion and be self-supportive after printing, but molecularly facilitating 3D printability to functional materials remains nontrivial. While supramolecular binding motifs have been increasingly used for 3D-printing, these inks are largely optimized empirically for DIW. Hence, this review aims to establish a clear connection between the molecular understanding of the supramolecularly bound motifs and their viscoelastic properties at bulk. Herein, extrudable (but not self-supportive) and 3D-printable (self-supportive) polymeric materials that utilize noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen bonding, host-guest inclusion, metal-ligand coordination, micro-crystallization, and van der Waals interaction, have been discussed in detail. In particular, the rheological distinctions between extrudable and 3D-printable inks have been discussed from a supramolecular design perspective. Examples shown in this review also highlight the exciting macroscale functions amplified from the molecular design. Challenges associated with the hierarchical control and characterization of supramolecularly designed DIW inks are also outlined. The perspective of utilizing supramolecular binding motifs in soft materials DIW printing has been discussed. This review serves to connect researchers across disciplines to develop innovative solutions that connect top-down 3D-printing and bottom-up supramolecular design to accelerate the development of 3D-print soft materials for a sustainable future. Supramolecular chemistry ; Inkwell ; Nanotechnology ; Soft materials ; Supramolecular assembly ; Materials science ; 3D printing ; Computer science ; Chemistry ; Composite material ; Molecule ; Organic chemistry Polymer composites and self-healing ; Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry ; Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Mercedes Linares‐Moreau | Lea A. Brandner | Miriam De J. Velásquez-Hernández | Javier Fonseca | Youven Benseghir | Jia Min Chin | Daniel Maspoch | Christian J. Doonan | Paolo Falcaro
Source: Advanced Materials (article, 2023-11-28)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Fabrication of Oriented Polycrystalline MOF Superstructures The field of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has progressed beyond the design and exploration of powdery and single-crystalline materials. A current challenge is the fabrication of organized superstructures that can harness the directional properties of the individual constituent MOF crystals. To date, the progress in the fabrication methods of polycrystalline MOF superstructures has led to close-packed structures with defined crystalline orientation. By controlling the crystalline orientation, the MOF pore channels of the constituent crystals can be aligned along specific directions: these systems possess anisotropic properties including enhanced diffusion along specific directions, preferential orientation of guest species, and protection of functional guests. In this perspective, we discuss the current status of MOF research in the fabrication of oriented polycrystalline superstructures focusing on the specific crystalline directions of orientation. Three methods are examined in detail: the assembly from colloidal MOF solutions, the use of external fields for the alignment of MOF particles, and the heteroepitaxial ceramic-to-MOF growth. This perspective aims at promoting the progress of this field of research and inspiring the development of new protocols for the preparation of MOF systems with oriented pore channels, to enable advanced MOF-based devices with anisotropic properties. Materials science ; Fabrication ; Crystallite ; Nanotechnology ; Metallurgy Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; ZnO doping and properties ; Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors
Authors: Youwei Ma | Xuesong Jiang | Zixing Shi | José Augusto Berrocal | Christoph Weder
Source: Angewandte Chemie International Edition (article, 2023-07-13)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Closed‐Loop Recycling of Vinylogous Urethane Vitrimers Devising energy-efficient strategies for the depolymerization of plastics and the recovery of their structural components in high yield and purity is key to a circular plastics economy. Here, we report a case study in which we demonstrate that vinylogous urethane (VU) vitrimers synthesized from bis-polyethylene glycol acetoacetates (aPEG) and tris(2-aminoethyl)amine can be degraded by water at moderate temperature with almost quantitative recovery (≈98 %) of aPEG. The rate of depolymerization can be controlled by the temperature, amount of water, molecular weight of aPEG, and composition of the starting material. These last two parameters also allow one to tailor the mechanical properties of the final materials, and this was used to access soft, tough, and brittle vitrimers, respectively. The straightforward preparation and depolymerization of the aPEG-based VU vitrimers are interesting elements for the design of polymer materials with enhanced closed-loop recycling characteristics. Depolymerization ; Polymer ; Polyethylene glycol ; Materials science ; Brittleness ; Polymer science ; Polymer chemistry ; Chemical engineering ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Composite material ; Engineering Polymer composites and self-healing ; Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization ; biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
Authors: Filipa M. Oliveira | Jalal Azadmanjiri | Xuehang Wang | Minghao Yu | Zdeněk Sofer
Source: Small Methods (review, 2023-05-02)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Structure Design and Processing Strategies of MXene‐Based Materials for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding The development of new materials for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding is an important area of research, as it allows for the creation of more effective and high-efficient shielding solutions. In this sense, MXenes, a class of 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides have exhibited promising performances as EMI shielding materials. Electric conductivity, low density, and flexibility are some of the properties given by MXene materials, which make them very attractive in the field. Different processing techniques have been employed to produce MXene-based materials with EMI shielding properties. This review summarizes processes and the role of key parameters like the content of fillers and thickness in the desired EMI shielding performance. It also discusses the determination of power coefficients in defining the EMI shielding mechanism and the concept of green shielding materials, as well as their influence on the real application of a produced material. The review concludes with a summary of current challenges and prospects in the production of MXene materials as EMI shields. EMI ; Electromagnetic shielding ; MXenes ; Electromagnetic interference ; Materials science ; Shields ; Flexibility (engineering) ; Interference (communication) ; Engineering physics ; Mechanical engineering ; Electronic engineering ; Electrical engineering ; Nanotechnology ; Composite material ; Engineering Electromagnetic wave absorption materials ; MXene and MAX Phase Materials ; Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties
Authors: Xinyu Zhao | Chenxi Li | Hongchao Qi | Jiayu Huang | Yufu Xu | Zhengzhi Wang | Xiao Han | Min Guo | Ke Chen
Source: Photoacoustics (article, 2023-09-20)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Integrated near-infrared fiber-optic photoacoustic sensing demodulator for ultra-high sensitivity gas detection An integrated near-infrared fiber-optic photoacoustic sensing demodulator was established for ultra-high sensitivity gas detection. The demodulator has capacities of interference spectrum acquisition and calculation, laser modulation control as well as digital lock-in amplification. FPGA was utilized to realize all the control and signal processing functions, which immensely improved the integration and stability of the system. The photoacoustic signal detection based on fiber-optic Fabry-Perot (F-P) acoustic sensor was realized by applying ultra-high resolution spectral demodulation technique. The detectable frequency of photoacoustic signal achieved 10 kHz. The system integrated lock-in amplification technology, which made the noise sound pressure and dynamic response range of sound pressure detection reached 3.7 μPa/√Hz @1 kHz and 142 dB, respectively. The trace C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> gas was tested with a multi-pass resonant photoacoustic cell. Ultra-high sensitivity gas detection was accomplished, which was based on high acoustic detection sensitivity and the matching digital lock-in amplification. The system detection limit and normalized noise equivalent absorption (NNEA) coefficient were reached 3.5 ppb and 6.7 × 10<sup>-10</sup> cm<sup>-1</sup>WHz<sup>-1/2</sup>, respectively. The devised demodulator can be applied for long-distance gas measurement, which depends on the fact that both the near-infrared photoacoustic excitation light and the probe light employ optical fiber as transmission medium. Demodulation ; Materials science ; Optics ; Sensitivity (control systems) ; SIGNAL (programming language) ; Optical fiber ; Photoacoustic effect ; Noise (video) ; Laser ; Optoelectronics ; Acoustics ; Physics ; Electronic engineering ; Telecommunications ; Computer science Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Advanced Sensor and Control Systems ; Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors