jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Shuting Xu | Shuo Yang | Mengyuan Tao | Yixin Gao | Zhenghao Cui | Yingchao Wang
Source: Academic Journal of Science and Technology (article, 2026-03-26)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Research on Grading Method of Korla Fragrant Pears Based on Gradient Boosting Decision Tree To address the problems of traditional Korla fragrant pear grading relying on manual experience, strong subjectivity, low efficiency and insufficient grading accuracy, an intelligent grading method for Korla fragrant pears based on Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) was proposed. Taking Korla fragrant pears as the research object, the grading indicators were determined in accordance with Xinjiang local standards and group standards, and four core features including single fruit weight, peeled fruit firmness, soluble solid content and fruit surface defect degree were selected as the model input to construct a GBDT model for pear grading. A total of 360 pear sample data were collected on site, and after data preprocessing and feature optimization, the model was trained, verified and parameter-tuned. Comparative experiments were conducted with traditional machine learning algorithms such as Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The results showed that the grading accuracy of the constructed GBDT grading model on the test set reached 95.83%, which was higher than that of the RF model (91.67%) and the SVM model (88.33%). Moreover, it performed better in terms of recall rate and precision rate for the grading of super grade, first grade and second grade fragrant pears, and could effectively distinguish Korla fragrant pears of different grades. This method realizes the objective, accurate and efficient grading of Korla fragrant pears, and provides technical support and theoretical reference for the intelligent sorting of the fragrant pear industry. PEAR ; Grading (engineering) ; Support vector machine ; Decision tree ; Preprocessor ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Random forest Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Smart Agriculture and AI ; Remote Sensing and Land Use
Authors: Lorenzo Rocchetti | Lison Zunino | Othmane Lamoumni | Gautier Sarah | Gaëtan Droc | Olivier François | Thibaut Capblancq | Bouchaib Khadari | Philippe Cubry | Bénédicte Rhoné
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2026-01-08)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Landscape Genomics of Wild Olive Informs Cultivar (Mal)adaptation via Cultivar Genomic Offset Cultivar ; Germplasm ; Genomics ; Adaptability ; Genetic variation ; genomic DNA ; Genomic selection Edible Oils Quality and Analysis ; Genetic diversity and population structure ; Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
Authors: Seyedahmad Taghizadeh | Liangliang Cheng | Mahmoud Askari | Lorenzo Maccioni | Franco Concli
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2026-04-02)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Additively manufactured bioinspired multilayer sandwich structures with varied core configurations under out-of-plane compression In this research, novel bio-inspired multilayer sandwich panels were fabricated by Multi Jet fusion and evaluated under quasi-static out-of-plane compression to examine the influence of core topology, cell size, intercell spacing, and layer orientation. The rhombic and hexagonal cores exhibited superior performance, with absorbed energies of 440.46 J and 363.96 J, respectively, and specific absorbed energies (SAE) of 4.50 J/g and 4.18 J/g. In contrast, the square and circular cores absorbed less energy, 264 J and 270 J, with SAE of 3.83 J/g and 3.60 J/g, respectively. Reducing the inscribed diameter from 2.0 to 1.5 mm increased peak load by between 10 and 15%, while energy absorption rose by 13% in circular cores and 6% in hexagonal cores, with SAE gains of 10 and 5%, respectively. Increasing intercell spacing from 2.0 to 2.5 mm improved energy absorption by 12% in circular cores and 14% in hexagonal cores, with SAE increases of 5 and 7%. Alternating corrugation orientation further enhanced performance, raising energy absorption by 20% in circular cores and 22% in hexagonal cores. In general, energy absorption was governed by progressive failure mechanisms including yielding, buckling, delamination, and cracking. These insights bridge additive manufacturing and bio-inspired design with structural engineering by linking core topology and geometry to measurable gains in peak load, absorbed energy, and specific absorbed energy. Core (optical fiber) ; Compression (physics) ; Composite number ; Materials testing Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition ; Cellular and Composite Structures ; Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
Authors: Guillermo Jiménez-Hernández | Fidel Ortega-Gavilán | M. Gracia Bagur-González | Jaime García‐Mena | Sandra Montoro-Alonso | Antonio González-Casado
Source: Foods (article, 2026-02-02)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Evaluation of the Influence of Bottle Type on the Acquisition of SORS Spectra of Extra Virgin and Virgin Olive Oils The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the material (plastic or glass) and color (green or colorless) of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and virgin olive oil (VOO) bottles on the acquisition of SORS spectra using portable equipment. Sixteen bottles of EVOO and three bottles of VOO were analyzed, including different volumes. A range of similarity indices was calculated between vial-reference (offline measurements) and bottles (online measurements), including R<sup>2</sup>, COS θ, NEAR, and a new index called WSI (Weighted Similarity Index). WSI is calculated from the pondered linear combination of the previous three, and a threshold of >0.95 is established as high similarity. The results showed that plastic bottles, regardless of color and volume, and colorless glass bottles had WSI values > 0.95. In contrast, green glass bottles demonstrated a lower degree of similarity (WSI < 0.95), which impacted the reliability of their spectral fingerprints. A hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was performed by locating EVOO bottles according to their material in two clusters. A study of storage under optimal, non-optimal, and commercial conditions showed that both EVOO and VOO maintain highly similar spectral profiles for 10-18 days (WSI > 0.965), even in bottles purchased in supermarkets. These results demonstrate that the SORS technique is suitable for the direct analysis of olive oils in plastic and colorless glass containers, without the need to open the bottles. The SORS technique is a fast, reliable, non-invasive, and non-destructive tool for quality control of olive oil. Bottle ; Olive oil ; Similarity (geometry) ; Spectral analysis ; Linear relationship Edible Oils Quality and Analysis ; Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Biosensors and Analytical Detection
Authors: Shenglin Hu | Yang Yang | Lepu Wang | Li Xu
Source: Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports (article, 2026-03-12)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Crystal structure of the histone heterodimer containing histone variant H2A.W Histone variant H2A.W plays a critical role in heterochromatin organization and genome stability, the loss of H2A.W can lead to heterochromatin decondensation, resulting in growth defects in flowering plants. Yet the mechanism underlying how H2A.W integrates into chromatin remains elusive. Here, we present the first high-resolution crystal structure of the <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> H2A.W (AtH2A.W) - <i>Homo sapiens</i> H2B (HsH2B) in the DNA-free heterodimeric state. In the structure, the global domain of DNA-free AtH2A.W-HsH2B share almost the same structure with its DNA bound form in the nucleosome, except the αC helix and the following C-terminal tail region (docking domain). What's more, we find that the AtH2A.W docking domain binds to the α2-α3 region of HsH2B, which is different from its role of interact with H3-H4 and DNA in nucleosome. These structure analyses suggest that the αC and docking domain of AtH2A.W is highly dynamic and may be remodeled during nucleosome assembly. In summary, our findings highlight the dynamic nature of AtH2A.W docking domain, providing mechanistic insight into how AtH2A.W integrates into chromatin and supports specialized chromatin functions. Histone H2A ; Histone ; Histone octamer ; Histone H1 ; SAP30 ; Histone H4 ; Histone methyltransferase ; Histone code Quasicrystal Structures and Properties ; Enzyme Structure and Function ; Chemistry and Stereochemistry Studies
Authors: Francesco Floris | Margherita Angelini | Konstantins Jefimovs | Dimitrios Kazazis | F. Marabelli
Source: Materials (article, 2026-01-19)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Circular Dichroism via Extrinsic Chirality in Achiral Plasmonic Nanohole Arrays The detection of chiral properties is crucial for pharmacology and biochemistry, yet standard circular dichroism spectroscopy suffers from low sensitivity when probing minute sample volumes. While complex asymmetric chiral nanostructures can enhance these Circular Dichroic (CD) signals, their fabrication is intricate and costly. In this work, we analyzed an alternative based on extrinsic chirality in achiral square arrays of plasmonic circular NHAs realized via Displacement Talbot Lithography (DTL), thus exploring the chiroptical response arising from symmetry breaking induced by oblique illumination. Unlike isolated nanoparticles, nanohole arrays (NHAs) support propagating Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPPs), allowing for unique light confinement capabilities essential for high-throughput sensing. A careful characterization in terms of Stokes parameters has been performed over a selected range of different optical angles of incidence and sample orientation to disentangle extrinsic chiral contribution from spurious effects related to sample imperfections. By optimizing such extrinsic chiral contributions, enhanced chiroptical response could be engineered by significantly amplifying the interaction between light and chiral biomolecules trapped within the holes. This methodology establishes DTL-fabricated achiral NHAs as an ultrasensitive, cost-effective platform for the detection and discrimination of enantiomers in biosensing applications. Circular dichroism ; Chirality (physics) ; Plasmon ; Dichroic glass ; Biosensor ; Surface plasmon polariton ; Circular polarization ; Dichroism ; Nanosphere lithography Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Photonic Crystals and Applications
Authors: Lin Chen | Keyang Ning
Source: Buildings (article, 2026-01-29)
Field: Materials Science — Metals and Alloys

Constitutive Model of Duplex Stainless Steel: Experimental Investigation and Genetic Algorithm-Based Parameter Calibration Duplex stainless steel (S22053) is increasingly favoured in construction and marine engineering due to its superior corrosion resistance, toughness, and high strength-to-weight ratio. This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the mechanical behaviour of duplex stainless steel under both monotonic and cyclic loading. First, monotonic behaviour is characterized, and the applicability of existing constitutive models is verified. Addressing the complexity of parameter identification for the cyclic constitutive model, a genetic algorithm (GA)-based calibration framework for the Chaboche model is proposed. This approach overcomes the subjectivity and inefficiency of traditional manual fitting. The proposed method is validated against experimental hysteresis curves, demonstrating high accuracy and providing a reliable basis for the seismic design of duplex stainless steel structures. Duplex (building) ; Calibration ; Monotonic function ; Constitutive equation ; Hysteresis ; Basis (linear algebra) ; Corrosion Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals ; Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete ; Structural Load-Bearing Analysis
Authors: Kok Jeng Lim | Phebe Ding | Nazmi Mat Nawi | Mashitah Jusoh | Najidah Abdullah | Siti Saripa Rabiah Mat Lazim
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2026-01-08)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Predicting the Soluble Solids Concentration and Acid Ascorbic of Intact Jackfruit var. Tekam Yellow Using Visible Near Infrared Spectroscopy: Effect of Rind and Flesh Ascorbic acid ; Flesh ; Partial least squares regression ; Titratable acid ; Anthesis ; Near-infrared spectroscopy ; Quantitative analysis (chemistry) Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
Authors: Yiwei Li | Tieyuan Zhang | Ting Wang | L. L. Wang | Keyi Li | Shuting Wang | Chuang Li | Chenbo Zou | Yuanhua Sang | Dongliang Li | Hong Liu | Hengxing Zhou | J. F. Qiu
Source: Advanced Functional Materials (article, 2026-01-08)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Facile Fabrication of Uniform Collagen Micro‐Fibrils for Engineering Stem Cell Spheroids and Spinal Cord Injury Repair ABSTRACT Stem cell spheroids represent a promising strategy for neural tissue construction and spinal cord injury repair (SCI). However, the stem cell‐assembled spheroids lack the extracellular matrix (ECM) as well as the ECM‐cell interactions naturally present in tissues, making it difficult to actively tune the stem cell fate and tissue development. Here, we develop a simple and efficient method for the fabrication of collagen micro‐fibrils with intact periodic banding and triple‐helical structure to serve as the ECM of stem cell spheroids. These uniform‐sized and well‐dispersed collagen micro‐fibrils can be self‐assembled with neural stem cells (NSCs) to form engineered spheroids. Similar to the native tissue, the collagen micro‐fibrils form a fibrillar network and are distributed uniformly in the engineered spheroids, which led to the alleviation of hypoxia, enhancement of ECM‐cell interactions, and improvement in the viability of NSCs. More importantly, these fibrils can serve as reservoirs for differentiation‐modulators to precisely guide the neuronal differentiation of NSCs, yielding functional neural microtissues. The collagen micro‐fibril‐engineered spheroids exhibit superior survival and neuronal differentiation after implantation, accelerating motor and tissue recovery of SCI mice. These collagen micro‐fibrils with intact micro‐nano structure and collagen micro‐fibrils‐engineered spheroids hold great potential for the construction of microtissues and SCI repair. Spheroid ; Extracellular matrix ; Spinal cord injury ; Tissue engineering ; Stem cell ; Neural stem cell ; Matrix (chemical analysis) ; Cell Collagen: Extraction and Characterization ; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine ; Nerve injury and regeneration
Authors: Ru Jia | Xinyu Zhang | YuFei Sheng | Jiaxuan Xu | Yonglin Xia | Hua Bao
Source: Journal of Applied Physics (article, 2026-01-05)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Thermal transport near hotspots in cryogenic devices via the phonon Boltzmann transport equation The hotspots exist widely in cryogenic devices and play a critical role in influencing their electrical performance. Understanding phonon-mediated thermal transport near hotspots in cryogenic devices is essential for device performance in cryogenic technology. Previous studies employed Fourier's law with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity to analyze thermal transport, which cannot fully capture the complex phonon transport at cryogenic temperatures. Here, we develop a method combining first principles with the nonlinear temperature-adaptive phonon Boltzmann transport equation to investigate the underlying mechanism of thermal transport near hotspots at cryogenic temperatures. We demonstrate that ballistic phonons, temperature-dependent variations in phonon properties near the hotspot, and hotspot size are the key factors governing thermal transport at silicon-based cryogenic devices. We reveal that ballistic phonons dominate thermal transport in active regions at cryogenic temperature, and the drastic phonon property variance near the hotspot region contributes to the nonlinearity of temperature rise. We also show that hotspot size has a more significant impact on thermal resistance at cryogenic temperature than at room temperature, consistent with experimental observations. Additionally, our quantitative analysis of phonon-boundary scattering indicates that the impact of silicon film thickness on thermal transport diminishes at cryogenic temperatures in the SOI MOSFET. This work provides a comprehensive analysis of phonon transport near hotspots in cryogenic devices and offers valuable insights for improving electrical performance in cryogenic technology. Boltzmann equation ; Phonon ; Hotspot (geology) ; Thermal conductivity ; Ballistic conduction ; Cryogenics ; Thermal ; Scattering Thermal properties of materials ; Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design
Authors: Divesha Essa | Mandeep Kaur | Pradeep Kumar | Choonara YE
Source: Frontiers in Nanotechnology (article, 2026-02-11)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Docetaxel-loaded anti-PSMA-functionalised PLGA-PEG nanoparticles suppress cell migration in LNCap prostate cancer cells and promote cell death in 3D spheroids Introduction Polymeric nanoparticles have been used in drug delivery to treat cancer by selective targeting of tumour cells and inducing programmed cell death. Previously optimized nano-systems loaded with docetaxel and functionalized with anti-PSMA antibody were used to investigate targeting of prostate cancer cells using prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) as a target for receptor-mediated endocytosis and enhanced cellular uptake. Methods Cell migration, apoptosis, cell cycle, and generation of reactive oxygen species were evaluated using in vitro assays on PSMA-positive LNCap and PSMA-negative PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Thereafter, the growth inhibition and viability of 3D spheroids cultured from LNCap cells were measured, and the efficacy of the targeted nano-system and its interaction with the spheroids were investigated using fluorescence microscopy. Results In LNCap cells, the targeted system outperformed the non-targeted counterpart, resulting in migration inhibition of 89% ± 8.4% versus 48.1% ± 2.7% and G2/M phase arrest of 30.3% ± 3.0% versus 15.8% ± 2.8%. Conversely, treatment of PSMA-negative PC-3 cells resulted in no statistically significant changes to migration or cell cycle progression (p &amp;gt; 0.05), indicating that the therapeutic potency of the targeted system is mediated by PSMA-receptor-mediated endocytosis, a pathway unavailable in PC-3 cells. There was also higher inhibition of 3D LNCap spheroids by both nano-systems than by free docetaxel, with 67.8% ± 5.5% and 17.6% ± 4.6% inhibition for the targeted and non-targeted systems, respectively. Fluorescence microscopy showed that the targeted system was able to penetrate the 3D spheroid structure and cause cell death. Discussion The enhanced cellular activity and spheroid penetration of the targeted nano-system in LNCap cells, together with the lack of effect in PSMA-negative PC-3 cells, support PSMA-receptor-mediated endocytosis as the key uptake mechanism and suggest the potential of this anti-PSMA-functionalised PLGA-PEG nano-system as a targeted nanocarrier for docetaxel in prostate cancer. LNCaP ; Spheroid ; Prostate cancer ; Endocytosis ; Cancer cell ; Programmed cell death ; Cell ; Cell migration Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
Authors: Deni Kurnia | Alif Firizky | Nanang Roni Wibowo | Raka Pratindy
Source: TEKNOSAINS Jurnal Sains Teknologi dan Informatika (article, 2026-01-31)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Structural evaluation of textile machine monitoring system support frame using finite element method The development of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based textile machine monitoring system requires a reliable and mechanically safe support structure. A key issue in current practice is the design of control and monitoring frameworks that rely only on previous models without adequate testing and validation. This study aims to evaluate the structural strength of the textile machine monitoring system support frame using a Finite Element Method (FEA) approach. The 3D frame model was designed using CAD software and analyzed numerically through static simulation with a loading scenario of 100–150 N on the upper part of the structure. The material used is mild steel with mechanical characteristics commonly used in industrial applications. The analysis includes evaluation of Von Mises stress, displacement, and safety factor. The simulation results show a maximum stress of 0.5582 MPa, a maximum displacement of 0.001842 mm, and a safety factor exceeding 12. These values ​​indicate that the designed structure has excellent resistance to static loads and can be categorized as safe for use in industrial environments. This study provides a strong foundation for the development of a reliable and sustainable textile machine monitoring system support structure. Finite element method ; Frame (networking) ; Software ; von Mises yield criterion ; Displacement (psychology) ; Static analysis ; Textile ; Key (lock) Textile materials and evaluations ; Structural Analysis and Optimization ; Structural Health Monitoring Techniques
Authors: Huaqi Liu | Yonghong Ding | Wenbin You | Yaning Li
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2026-02-16)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

SFD-YOLO for small-object fragment impact detection in warhead target-plate testing To address missed detections and limited efficiency in small fragment-impact recognition on target plates during warhead testing, this paper proposes small fragment detection YOLO (SFD-YOLO), a task-oriented detection framework built upon YOLOv11. An improved Spatial–Channel Reconstruction C3k2 (SCC3k2) module is integrated into the backbone to suppress redundant responses in both spatial and channel dimensions, enhancing the representation of weak micro-scale impact cues. To improve sensitivity to extremely small targets, we introduce an additional micro-object detection head and adopt an Asymptotic Feature Pyramid Network (AFPN) for progressive multi-level feature alignment and fusion, which strengthens feature consistency across pyramid levels. In addition, a Lightweight Adaptive Extraction (LAE) module is employed to replace standard convolutions, reducing model complexity while maintaining effective feature extraction. To comprehensively evaluate performance in realistic testing scenarios, we construct a multi-scene target-plate dataset from a series of static explosion experiments, covering both penetrative fragment holes and non-penetrative impact marks. Experimental results demonstrate that SFD-YOLO achieves 98.1% mAP@0.5 and 69.7% mAP@0.5:0.95, outperforming the YOLOv11 baseline by 2.7% in mAP@0.5 and 6.8% in mAP@0.5:0.95, at 135 FPS with only 2.15M parameters. Moreover, robustness evaluations under image degradations indicate that SFD-YOLO maintains more stable detection performance than the baseline. The proposed method provides a high-precision real-time solution for fragment lethality evaluation and shows potential for broader applications such as metal surface defect inspection. Warhead ; Robustness (evolution) ; Pyramid (geometry) ; Fragment (logic) ; Feature extraction ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Feature (linguistics) ; Object detection High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Advanced Neural Network Applications ; COVID-19 diagnosis using AI