jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Hamed Pourkheirollah | Remuel Isaac M. Vitto | Dāvis Kalniņš | Aleksandrs Voļperts | Steffen Thrane Vindt | Līga Grīnberga | Anatolijs Šarakovskis | Gints Kučinskis | Jari Keskinen | Matti Mäntysalo
Source: Small Science (article, 2026-02-01)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

High‐Performance Printed Supercapacitors Based on NaOH‐Activated Wood‐Derived Carbon: Optimized Porosity and Long‐Term Stability in Aqueous Electrolytes The transition to sustainable energy technologies calls for supercapacitors that are not only efficient but also environmentally responsible. In this work, a step towards solving this challenge is taken by applying a low-temperature NaOH activation strategy to alder-wood-derived carbon. Such process generates an amorphous carbon matrix with thinly-layered sheets of graphene-like domains, facilitating efficient ion-electron transport, as revealed through comprehensive material characterizations. Various carbon structures were obtained by adjusting the alkali-to-carbon ratio and activation temperature wherein the most effective is 3:1 ratio at 600 °C (AWC 3-600). Its combined 2393 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>-1</sup> surface area and 85.4% microporosity provides a pore architecture that works exceptionally well with aqueous electrolytes. When integrated into printed supercapacitors, it achieves ≈307 F g<sup>-1</sup> in NaCl and ≈291 F g<sup>-1</sup> in K <sub><i>x</i></sub> H <sub><i>y</i></sub> PO<sub>4</sub>. Even after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles, the devices retain 95% of their original capacitance, demonstrating long-term stability. The results of this study highlights the strong interactions between the electrolyte and pore structure, where NaCl benefits from the microporous AWC 3-600while K <sub><i>x</i></sub> H <sub><i>y</i></sub> PO<sub>4</sub> performs better on the mesoporous structure obtained with an activation process of 4:1 ratio at 700 °C (AWC 4-700). This study shows that low-temperature NaOH activation offers an effective way to engineer biomass-derived carbons with tunable electrochemical behavior. Microporous material ; Supercapacitor ; Porosity ; Electrolyte ; Mesoporous material ; Carbon fibers ; Aqueous solution ; Amorphous solid Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication ; Advancements in Battery Materials ; Advanced battery technologies research
Authors: Oleg Kit | S. N. Golovin | E. Yu. Kirichenko | Alina Sereda | Yulia Gordeeva | Evgeniy Sadyrin | A. L. Nikolaev | Pavel E. Antipov | Aleksandr Logvinov | Maria Kaplya | Magomed Abdulkadyrov | Stanislav Rodkin
Source: Marine Drugs (article, 2026-03-13)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Isolation, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Collagen from Rhizostoma pulmo Jellyfish from the Sea of Azov for Biomedical Applications Collagen is a major extracellular-matrix protein widely used in regenerative medicine, yet conventional terrestrial sources raise biosafety and acceptability concerns, motivating the search for marine alternatives. This study evaluates the jellyfish <i>Rhizostoma pulmo</i> (<i>R. pulmo</i>) from the Azov Sea as a sustainable collagen source and assesses its suitability for biomedical materials. Acid-soluble collagen was extracted using 0.5 M acetic acid and purified by salt precipitation and dialysis, followed by physicochemical/structural characterization (sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) endotoxin testing, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and immunofluorescence with type I collagen antibodies) and biological evaluation <i>in vitro</i> (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity on MRC5 fibroblasts; adhesion and proliferation assays on HeLa cells). The extracted collagen showed a high yield (~26.2%), a type I-like electrophoretic profile with α-, β-, and γ-components, fibrillar ultrastructure by TEM, and positive type I collagen immunoreactivity; endotoxin levels were low (0.461 EU/µL), and no cytotoxicity was detected under the tested conditions. Porous collagen sponges/scaffolds were fabricated by lyophilization, displaying interconnected pores with an average size of ~80 µm and pH-dependent swelling, and they supported 3D cell growth and tumor-cell dissemination in an <i>in vitro</i> breast carcinoma scaffold model. Overall, Azov Sea <i>R. pulmo</i> collagen demonstrates promising structural quality, low endotoxin burden, and cytocompatibility, supporting its potential as a marine biomaterial for sponge/scaffold-based tissue engineering and wound-related applications. Cytotoxicity ; In vitro ; Jellyfish ; Type I collagen ; HeLa ; Lysis ; Ultrastructure Collagen: Extraction and Characterization ; Wound Healing and Treatments ; Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Kaliyaperumal Ashokkumar | P. Sasikala | M. Murugan | Saradhadevi Muthukrishnan | M. K. Dhanya
Source: Discover Plants. (article, 2026-02-28)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Insights into green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles for abiotic stress tolerance, crop growth and development Agriculture is increasingly challenged by declining crop yields, reduced plant growth, and escalating environmental pressures, thereby intensifying the threat to global food security. While several technologies aim to address these challenges, sustainable and innovative solutions remain urgently needed. Nanotechnology, particularly zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), has emerged as a promising tool to enhance nutrient delivery, minimize fertilizer overuse, and reduce environmental impacts. Unlike previous reviews that broadly summarize nanoparticle applications, this study provides a targeted synthesis of green-synthesized ZnO NPs, highlighting their distinctive physicochemical properties, slow-release nutrient dynamics, and plant–nanoparticle interaction mechanisms. Characterization studies using SEM, TEM, XRD, and FT-IR confirm particle sizes in the nanoscale range (5–100 nm) and highlight structural features that underpin their bioactivity. A key insight of this review is the comparative evaluation of green synthesis approaches using plant-derived materials, which not only reduce hazardous chemicals but also improve cost-effectiveness and sustainability. This study further highlights how ZnO NPs influence seed germination, root development, chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthetic efficiency, and stress tolerance, while emphasizing the dose-dependent trade-offs where excessive concentrations may trigger phytotoxicity. Importantly, this review identifies critical knowledge gaps, including the scarcity of field-based studies, species-specific responses, and long-term ecological assessments. By integrating these limitations with practical strategies for safe application, this study proposes translational pathways to bridge laboratory insights with scalable, field-ready solutions. In summary, this review advances the current understanding of ZnO NPs by uniting perspectives on green synthesis, mechanistic plant responses, and risk–benefit considerations, thereby offering a comprehensive framework for developing eco-friendly nanofertilizers that can sustainably enhance crop productivity and strengthen global food security. Sustainability ; Crop productivity ; Agriculture ; Agricultural productivity ; Crop production ; Sustainable agriculture ; Scarcity ; Global population Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications ; ZnO doping and properties
Authors: Avishek Roy
Source: Discover Electronics (article, 2026-01-18)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A comparative study of CuO-based heterojunction solar cells optimizing material properties for high efficiency using numerical simulations Cupric oxide (CuO) is a key p-type semiconductor in advancing third-generation solar cells. This study analyzes four heterojunction solar cells: CuO/Si, CuO/ZnO, CuO/SnO2, and CuO/CdS, using SCAPS simulations. Platinum (Pt) serves as the metal contact and indium tin oxide (ITO) is the substrate layer, offering higher efficiency than traditional Si substrates. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the Pt/CuO/CdS/ITO cell reaches an impressive 26.59%, surpassing the PCE of Pt/CuO/ZnO/ITO at 21.87%, Pt/CuO/SnO2/ITO at 21.20%, and Pt/CuO/n-Si at a modest 12.1%. The thickness of the CuO layer is optimally tuned within these heterojunction structures to maximize efficiency. The bandgap, electron affinity, and carrier density of CuO were varied to assess their impact on solar cell performance. This study compared three defect states (neutral, donor, and acceptor) to determine their effects on efficiency. Importantly, donor defects were found to significantly reduce the open circuit voltage (Voc) compared to neutral and acceptor defects, highlighting the critical role of defect management in optimizing CuO-based solar cells. Heterojunction ; Solar cell ; Photovoltaic system ; Indium tin oxide ; Energy conversion efficiency ; Polymer solar cell ; Indium ; Semiconductor ; Substrate (aquarium) ; Hybrid solar cell Copper-based nanomaterials and applications ; Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies ; Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films
Authors: Muhammad Tahir Hafeez | Rafael S. Mattos | Lea M. Ibele | Mario Barbatti
Source: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Ultrafast dynamics and excited-state trapping in [3.3]paracyclophane Paracyclophanes are rigid, three-dimensional frameworks in which two benzene rings are held in a parallel, stacked arrangement by short aliphatic linkers. Their derivatives display pronounced through-space π-π interactions that strongly influence their excited-state behavior. Here, we investigate the ultrafast excited-state dynamics of [3.3]paracyclophane ([3.3]PCP) using time-dependent density functional theory combined with nonadiabatic molecular dynamics <i>via</i> surface hopping. The 2 ps simulations provide a detailed picture of how electronic and nuclear motions evolve in concert after photoexcitation. Following excitation to the weak S<sub>3</sub> band shoulder, [3.3]PCP rapidly relaxes into S<sub>1</sub>, where it becomes kinetically trapped. Analysis of the fragment-based transition density matrix reveals a concurrent transformation of the electronic structure-from an excitonic-resonance state with minor charge-transfer (CT) character (≈0.2) to a mixed excitonic/charge-resonance regime with CT ≈ 0.5. This evolution is accompanied by a structural contraction of the π-stack, as the two benzene rings approach each other, activating an inter-ring breathing motion that governs the subsequent dynamics. Because [3.3]PCP combines rapid nonadiabatic relaxation with long-lived excited-state trapping, it serves as a particularly demanding benchmark for trajectory-based dynamics methods, offering both a mechanistic picture of excimer formation and a stringent test of their current capabilities. Excitation ; Density functional theory ; Relaxation (psychology) ; Surface hopping ; Molecular dynamics ; Ultrashort pulse ; Benzene ; Trapping Synthesis and Properties of Aromatic Compounds ; Supramolecular Chemistry and Complexes ; Magnetism in coordination complexes
Authors: Aktham Mestareehi
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2026-01-05)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

A stability-indicating RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous quantification of brimonidine tartrate and timolol maleate in bulk drug substances and pharmaceutical dosage forms A robust, rapid, and reproducible reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of Brimonidine Tartrate and Timolol Maleate (Combigan) in ophthalmic dosage forms. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Supelco Discovery C18 column (25 cm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) maintained at ambient temperature, employing isocratic elution with two mobile phases: phase A (buffer at pH 7.0 containing 30 mM triethylamine) and phase B (acetonitrile) in a ratio of 80:20. The flow rate was set at 1.0 mL/min, and detection was performed at 245 nm and 295 nm using a diode array detector (DAD). Method validation, conducted in accordance with ICH Q2(R1), USP, and FDA guidelines, confirmed excellent linearity over the ranges of 0.24-500 ppm for Brimonidine Tartrate and 0.60-1250 ppm for Timolol Maleate. Accuracy results ranged from 99.42% to 99.82% for Brimonidine Tartrate and from 98.71% to 101.10% for Timolol Maleate. Relative standard deviations (RSDs) for precision, specificity, and robustness were all below 2%, demonstrating the method's consistency and reliability. Additionally, the limits of detection (LOD) were determined to be 0.08 ppm for Brimonidine Tartrate and 0.20 ppm for Timolol Maleate, while the limits of quantification (LOQ) were 0.24 ppm and 0.60 ppm, respectively. Forced degradation studies under various stress conditions, including acid and base hydrolysis and hydrogen peroxide oxidation, demonstrated that the method successfully separated Brimonidine Tartrate and Timolol Maleate from their degradation products, confirming its stability-indicating capability. Notably, both drugs remained stable under thermal and photolytic stress; however, Timolol Maleate was significantly more prone to degradation under strong hydrolytic and oxidative conditions, underscoring the need for stringent control during formulation and storage. Additionally, the three complementary green analytical chemistry (GAC) metrics were evaluated. The method achieved an Eco-Scale score of approximately 75. The GAPI pictogram for this method showed a mixture of green and yellow zones. The AGREE evaluation yielded a score of 0.57 (out of 1.0), indicating moderate greenness. Overall, this method effectively quantified both active pharmaceutical ingredients without interference from excipients or degradation products, supporting its suitability for routine quality control and stability testing of combined ophthalmic formulations. Timolol ; Brimonidine ; Dorzolamide ; Tartrate ; Triethylamine ; Acetonitrile Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis ; Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting
Authors: Hannah Osterholz | Shree Senthil Jeyalekshmy | Benjamin Schmuck | Tomás Bohn Pessatti | Justin L. P. Benesch | Anna Rising | Axel Leppert | Michael Landreh
Source: Communications Materials (article, 2026-01-02)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Single-molecule mass measurements reveal distinct effects of sodium and potassium on mini-spidroin assembly Abstract Spider silk formation involves tightly regulated protein assembly influenced by pH and the presence of ions. Kosmotropic salts induce phase separation of spidroins; however, their exact role in assembly is not clear. Here, we investigate how sodium and potassium phosphate affect spidroin interactions via the single-molecule method of mass photometry. We observed that spidroin oligomerization occurs at low nanomolar protein concentrations. Potassium ions were found to stabilize a compact conformation of individual spidroins and slow down pH-induced β-sheet aggregation, consistent with its more kosmotropic nature. Microfluidic MP showed that pre-assembly of the protein through salt-induced phase separation reduced the number and size of oligomeric intermediates that form upon acidification. Together, the findings suggest that spidroins have an inherent ability to self-assemble, blurring the line between one- and two-phase status. Subtle differences in ion composition are sufficient to change spidroin stability and assembly, potentially contributing to silk spinning in vivo by balancing storage stability with rapid fiber formation. Sodium ; Potassium ; Phase (matter) ; SILK ; Ion ; Fiber Silk-based biomaterials and applications ; Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials ; Polydiacetylene-based materials and applications
Authors: Chumki Nayak | Suvadip Masanta | Shubhadip Moulick | Manotosh Pramanik | Atanu Kabiraj | S. Rath | Sukanya Ghosh | Atindra Nath Pal | Bipul Pal | Achintya Singha
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (article, 2026-03-03)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Intrinsic Electric Field Driven High Sensitive Photodetection in Alloy TMDC MoSSe Alloying offers an effective way to improve the functionality of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) in both fundamental research and optoelectronic applications, as it allows for engineering their electronic and optical properties. This study investigates the optoelectronic properties of CVD-synthesized alloy MoSSe, which exhibits an inherent out-of-plane dipole moment, arising from asymmetry in S and Se atoms on either side of the Mo layer, as confirmed by piezoelectric force microscopy, polarization-resolved second harmonic generation studies and theoretical first-principles calculations. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements reveal an extended exciton radiative recombination lifetime in MoSSe, attributed to electron-hole wavefunction separation by the dipole moment, which improves photodetection by facilitating enhanced electron-hole separation before recombination. The device demonstrates significant responsivity over broad spectral range. By employing the photogating effect, the device response can be switched from slow to fast modes. These findings are further supported by illumination intensity-dependent photoluminescence and Raman measurements, underscoring the potential of polar TMDCs in future optoelectronic devices. Photodetection ; Responsivity ; Exciton ; Photoluminescence ; Dipole ; Electric field ; Terahertz radiation ; Photonics ; Stark effect 2D Materials and Applications ; Graphene research and applications ; Iron-based superconductors research
Authors: Shaimaa N. Mizil
Source: Al-Salam Journal for Medical Science (article, 2026-02-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Review Article: Role of Nanoparticles in Callus Induction and Enhancing Secondary Products in Vitro Plant tissue culture (PTC) is a fundamental, critical, and instrumental element of plant biology. PTC enables studies of morphogenesis, embryogenesis, clonal propagation, advances in agriculture, and production of secondary metabolites; thus, making it an essential platform. Many uses of nanoparticles (NPs) have shown promise, including microbial disinfection, somatic alterations, callus differentiation, cryopreservation, biotransformation, organogenesis, and enhanced production of bioactive compounds. There are countless uses of NPs across sectors such as biotechnology, electronics, energy, medicine, skincare, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture. This review compiles what is presently known about the use of NPs in plant tissue culture on the premise of favorable results. This review synthesizes current knowledge regarding the use of nanoparticles (NPs) in plant tissue culture by discussing the ways in which they work, the areas in which they are used, and the problems that exist when using them. A systematic search through peer-reviewed journal articles in databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed was completed. This review only includes research published between 2010 and 2025, specifically studying the use of nanoparticles in vitro on plant systems. Callus ; In vitro ; Nanoparticle ; Tissue culture ; Plant tissue culture ; Premise Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Plant tissue culture and regeneration ; Transgenic Plants and Applications
Authors: Feng Liu | Jiayong Xiao | Shengwei Jiang | Kin Fai Mak | Jie Shan
Source: ArXiv.org (article, 2026-01-28)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Mechanical sensing of metamagnetic tricriticality in two-dimensional CrI3 Layered Ising metamagnets are antiferromagnetic (AF) materials consisting of monolayer Ising ferromagnets coupled to each other via interlayer AF interactions. They exhibit rich magnetic phase diagrams, featuring tricritical and critical end points, due to the competing magnetic interactions and the Ising anisotropy. While conventional thermodynamic probes can identify these critical points in bulk Ising metamagnets, achieving this in the two-dimensional (2D) limit, where enhanced fluctuation effects can substantially modify critical phenomena, remains to be realized. Here, we combine specific heat capacity (C_V) and magnetic circular dichroism measurements to identify these critical points, extract a tricritical exponent, and map out the complete magnetic phase diagram of 2D Ising metamagnetic CrI3. This is achieved in a nanomechanical device of 6-layer CrI3, in which a direct measurement of the temperature derivative of its mechanical resonance frequency gives C_V. The tricritical point is identified by the onset of an abrupt spin-flip transition on one side and, on the other side, by a vanishing specific heat λ-anomaly for a continuous AF phase transition. In contrast, only the spin-flip transition remains near the critical end point. Our results establish nanomechanical calorimetry as a general route to classify metamagnetic phase transitions and to study multicritical phenomena in 2D magnets. Ising model ; Tricritical point ; Phase diagram ; Antiferromagnetism ; Ferromagnetism ; Critical point (mathematics) ; Metamagnetism ; Phase transition 2D Materials and Applications ; Topological Materials and Phenomena ; Advanced Condensed Matter Physics
Authors: Ruqiao Xia | Matthew Tan | Harvey E. Beere | Jonathan P Griffiths | David A. Ritchie | Wladislaw Michailow
Source: Apollo (University of Cambridge) (article, 2026-03-17)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Quantum metasurface-based photoelectric tunable-step terahertz detector High-responsivity terahertz (THz) detectors are essential for all THz applications. The combination of metamaterials with photonic detectors, such as quantum well and quantum dot detectors, led to quantum metamaterials enabling efficient sensing from the near to the far infrared ranges. Meanwhile, responsivity enhancement strategies in THz detectors based on 2D electron systems focused on approaches external to the detection unit, such as lens-coupling or combination of detectors in arrays. Here, we leverage the recently discovered in-plane photoelectric (IPPE) effect as a sensitive quantum mechanism of terahertz detection to realise a quantum metasurface-based photoelectric tunable-step detector. This approach combines a substantial photoresponse enhancement with design scalability, high radiation collection efficiency, easy device mounting, and a transistor-compatible fabrication process. The resulting detector reaches an external current responsivity of 2.7 A/W to 1.9 THz radiation at 10 K and at zero source-drain bias, corresponding to an external quantum efficiency as high as 2.1%. Our “top-down” design approach that starts with the metasurface design can be applied to any detectors employing 2D electron gases. Our work represents the first demonstration of a quantum metasurface employing the IPPE effect as a detection mechanism and widens the area of quantum metamaterials to detectors based on 2D electron systems. Terahertz radiation ; Responsivity ; Detector ; Metamaterial ; Photoelectric effect ; Quantum efficiency ; Photonics ; Quantum dot ; Quantum Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Terahertz technology and applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research