jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Aixin Zhang | Dhruve A. Ringuala | Matthew A. Mircovich | Manuel A. Roldán | John Kouvetakis | J. Menéndez
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-08-22)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Synthesis of Group-IV ternary and binary semiconductors using epitaxy of $\rm GeH_3Cl$ and $\rm SnH_4$ $\rm{Ge}_{1-x-y}Si_{x}Sn_{y}$ alloys were grown on Ge buffer layers at ultra-low temperature using reactions of $\rm SnH_{4}$ and $\rm GeH_{3}Cl$ for the first time. The latter is a newly introduced CVD source designed for epitaxial development of group IV semiconductors under low thermal budgets and CMOS compatible conditions. The $\rm{Ge}_{1-x-y}Si_{x}Sn_{y}$ films were produced between 160-200oC with 3-5% Si and ~ 5-11 % Sn, which traverses the indirect to direct gap transition in Ge-Sn materials. The films were fully strained to Ge and exhibited defect-free microstructures, flat surfaces, homogeneous compositions, uniform thicknesses and sharp interfaces as required for device manufacturing. A comparative study was then conducted to investigate the applicability of $\rm GeH_{3}Cl$ for the synthesis of $\rm Ge_{1-y}Sn_{y}$ binaries under similar experimental conditions. The$\rm Ge_{1-y}Sn_{y}$ films were grown fully strained to Ge, but with reduced Sn compositions ranging from ~ 2 - 7 % and lower thicknesses relative to $\rm{Ge}_{1-x-y}Si_{x}Sn_{y}$. This prompted efforts to further investigate the growth behavior of $\rm Ge_{1-y}Sn_{y}$ using the $\rm GeH_{3}Cl$ method, bypassing the Ge buffer to produce samples directly on Si, with the aim of exploring how to manage interface strain. In this case the $\rm Ge_{1-y}Sn_{y}$ on Si films exhibited compositions and thicknesses comparable to $\rm Ge_{1-y}Sn_{y}$-on-Ge films; however, their strain states were mostly relaxed, presumably due to the large misfit between $\rm Ge_{1-y}Sn_{y}$ and Si. Efforts to increase the concentration and thickness of these samples resulted in non-homogeneous multi-phase materials containing large amounts of interstitial Sn impurities. Ternary operation ; Group (periodic table) ; Binary number ; Semiconductor ; Epitaxy ; Mathematics ; Combinatorics ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Arithmetic ; Computer science ; Nanotechnology ; Optoelectronics ; Organic chemistry Crystal Structures and Properties ; Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography
Authors: Jordan L. Appleton | Nolwenn Le Breton | Sylvie Choua | Romain Ruppert | A.K. Boudalis
Source: Chemistry - A European Journal (article, 2024-11-19)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Nutation Spectroscopy of a Weakly Interacting Heterobimetallic Spin System The use of V<sup>IV</sup> and Cu<sup>II</sup> spins to design weakly coupled and dissymmetric spin systems has been examined. Such systems were synthesized using porphyrin-based complexes, with external coordination sites allowing for the formation of dimers via a Pd<sup>II</sup> linker ion. Continuous-wave (CW) Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy allowed the unequivocal magnetic characterization of the mononuclear precursors VO and Cu. The porphyrin dimer (VO)PdCu presented a broad and overlapped spectrum that was more pronounced than for the previously reported (VO)Pd(VO), hinting at the effect of weak interspin interactions between dissimilar spins. Pulsed EPR experiments on VO, (VO)Pd(VO) and (VO)PdCu samples diluted in a diamagnetic matrix confirmed that this complication is also present in the Field-Swept Echo-Detected (FSED) spectra of the heterometallic (VO)PdCu system. Despite the strongly overlapped field-swept spectra, spin nutation experiments revealed two distinct oscillations in the case of (VO)PdCu, which are assigned to transitions with different spin characters. Remarkably, coherence is retained above liquid nitrogen temperatures for all complexes, in particular up to 295 K for VO and (VO)Pd(VO) and 150 K for (VO)PdCu. Electron paramagnetic resonance ; Nutation ; Spins ; Diamagnetism ; Pulsed EPR ; Spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; Spectral line ; Porphyrin ; Paramagnetism ; Spin (aerodynamics) ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Crystallography ; Molecular physics ; Condensed matter physics ; Magnetic field ; Physics ; Spin echo ; Photochemistry Magnetism in coordination complexes ; Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine Chemistry ; Metal-Catalyzed Oxygenation Mechanisms
Authors: Haoyun Deng | Mengzhen Zhou | Shun‐Li Li | Zhixiong Yang | Jiao Wei | Encai Ou | Weijian Xu
Source: Journal of Applied Polymer Science (article, 2024-07-15)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Reversible switching of supramolecular self‐assembly between nanofibers and nanorings based on perylene‐terminated star elastomers Abstract Perylene‐terminated star elastomers (PSE) containing the diblock copolymers of polystyrene (PS) and polyisoprene (PI) segments were designed and synthesized by anionic polymerization. The PSE exhibits good fluorescence performances in solution, self‐assembled aggregates, and solid state. Different supramolecular self‐assemblies in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution based on the π−π stacking of perylene and interactions in PS can be observed from nanofibers to twisted multi‐nanoropes. Moreover, the twisted nanoropes under ultrasonic can transform spontaneously into nanorings in the stationary state, and reversibly switch between twisted nanoropes and nanorings via the manipulation of ultrasonic force. The terminating methods will offer considerable scope for the design and synthesis of new star elastomers. Meanwhile, a new insight into π−π stacking and interactions is provided for understanding multistep and cooperative self‐assembly in supramolecular self‐assembly. Perylene ; Stacking ; Supramolecular chemistry ; Materials science ; Nanofiber ; Self-assembly ; Tetrahydrofuran ; Elastomer ; Amphiphile ; Polymerization ; Porphyrin ; Polystyrene ; Polymer chemistry ; Copolymer ; Nanotechnology ; Photochemistry ; Polymer ; Chemistry ; Composite material ; Molecule ; Organic chemistry Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials ; Polydiacetylene-based materials and applications ; Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials
Authors: WU Ying-xia | Shiru Huang | Wei Tian | Shengyu Yang | Wenshu Shen | Jinyan Dong
Source: Plants (article, 2024-08-24)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Endophytic Colletotrichum fructicola KL19 and Its Derived SeNPs Mitigate Cd-Stress-Associated Damages in Spinacia oleracea L. The application of nanotechnology in agriculture has received much attention in order to improve crop yield, quality and food safety. In the present study, a Cd-tolerant endophytic fungus <i>Colletotrichum fructicola</i> KL19 was first ever reported to produce SeNPs, and the production conditions were optimized using the Box-Behnken design in the Response Surface Methodology (RSM-BBD), achieving a peak yield of 1.06 mM under optimal conditions of 2.62 g/20 mL biomass, 4.56 mM Na<sub>2</sub>SeO<sub>3</sub>, and pH 6.25. Following this, the properties of the biogenic SeNPs were elucidated by using TEM, DLS, and FTIR, in which the 144.8 nm spherical-shaped SeNPs were stabilized by different functional groups with a negative zeta potential of -18.3 mV. Furthermore, strain KL19 and SeNPs (0, 5, 10, 20 and 50 mg/L) were inoculated in the root zone of small-leaf spinach (<i>Spinacia oleracea</i> L.) seedlings grown in the soil with 33.74 mg/kg Cd under controlled conditions for seven weeks. Impressively, compared with Cd stress alone, the strain KL19 and 5 mg/L SeNPs treatments significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) exhibited a reduction in Cd contents (0.62 and 0.50 folds) within the aboveground parts of spinach plants and promoted plants' growth by improving the leaf count (0.92 and 1.36 folds), fresh weight (2.94 and 3.46 folds), root dry weight (4.00 and 5.60 folds) and root length (0.14 and 0.51 folds), boosting total chlorophyll synthesis (0.38 and 0.45 folds), enhancing antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD) activities, and reducing the contents of reactive oxygen species (MDA, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) in small-leaf spinach under Cd stress. Overall, this study revealed that utilizing endophytic fungus <i>C. fructicola</i> or its derived SeNPs could mitigate reactive oxygen species generation by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity as well as diminish the absorption and accumulation of Cd in small-leaf spinach, promoting plant growth under Cd stress. Spinacia ; Spinach ; Horticulture ; Zeta potential ; Inoculation ; Response surface methodology ; Chlorophyll ; Chemistry ; Botany ; Biology ; Materials science ; Chromatography ; Biochemistry ; Nanoparticle Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis ; Selenium in Biological Systems
Authors: Amin Mirzai | Aylin Ahadi
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2024-05-09)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Stress-Induced Refractive Index Change of Eu:Y2SiO5: A Theoretical Approach The laser host materials undergo relatively small changes in their intrinsic properties due to various sources during an experiment. These sources are often related to temperature change or applied stress, which may cause change in optical properties of the material under study. Consequently, the crystal experiences an optical anisotropy, which may affect the final outcome of the experiments. One way to reduce probable noises is to predict the change in optical properties with respect to load. To predict the changing pattern of the refractive index in a crystal, one needs to know both the elastic and photoelastic constants of the material. In this study, we utilized density functional perturbation theory (DFPT) to extract the photoelastic tensor of Y$_2$SiO$_5$ and Eu-doped Y$_2$SiO$_5$ crystals. Using the photoelastic and elastic constants calculated, a Finite Element (FE) model was developed, which allowed us to apply load and then post-process the results. This methodology enabled us to observe the variation in refractive index ($n$), and consequently, the shift in the resonance frequency of the cavity. The results obtained were in agreement with experimental measurements, falling within a 3\% discrepancy across a temperature range spanning from cryogenic to room temperature. This correlation suggests the feasibility of using the current workflow as a predictive tool for evaluating variations in refractive indices over a specific interval. Index (typography) ; Refractive index ; Stress (linguistics) ; Materials science ; Computer science ; Optoelectronics ; Philosophy ; Programming language Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials ; Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics ; Optical and Acousto-Optic Technologies
Authors: Thomas Hanauer | Wilhelm Seichter | Monika Mazik
Source: Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications (article, 2024-03-19)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 4,4′-dimethoxybiphenyl-3,3′,5,5′-tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate In the crystal of the title compound, C<sub>18</sub>H<sub>14</sub>O<sub>10</sub>·2H<sub>2</sub>O, the arene rings of the biphenyl moiety are tilted at an angle of 24.3 (1)°, while the planes passing through the carboxyl groups are rotated at angles of 8.6 (1) and 7.7 (1)° out of the plane of the benzene ring to which they are attached. The crystal structure is essentially stabilized by O-H⋯O bonds. Here, the carboxyl groups of neighbouring host mol-ecules are connected by cyclic <i>R</i> <sub>2</sub> <sup>2</sup>(8) synthons, leading to the formation of a three-dimensional network. The water mol-ecules in turn form helical supra-molecular strands running in the direction of the crystallographic <i>c</i>-axis (chain-like water clusters). The second H atom of each water mol-ecule provides a link to a meth-oxy O atom of the host mol-ecule. A Hirshfeld surface analysis was performed to qu-antify the contributions of the different inter-molecular inter-actions, indicating that the most important contributions to the crystal packing are from H⋯O/O⋯H (37.0%), H⋯H (26.3%), H⋯C/C⋯H (18.5%) and C⋯O/O⋯C (9.5%) inter-actions. Crystallography ; Molecule ; Synthon ; Moiety ; Crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Supramolecular chemistry ; Intermolecular force ; Ring (chemistry) ; Crystal (programming language) ; Benzene ; Atom (system on chip) ; Hydrogen bond ; Stereochemistry Crystal structures of chemical compounds ; Crystallography and molecular interactions ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Authors: Abhay Thakur
Source: African Journal of Biomedical Research (review, 2024-09-29)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Formulation and Evaluation of Econazole-Based Nanoparticles: Potential Antimycobacterial Agents Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A Review Pediatric TB is particularly challenging considered the long duration of treatment, compliance to therapy this involves and emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR)-TB as well as morbidity related to MDR-TB in pediatric age group. They betray the acute necessity of new therapeutic strategies. The present review discusses the formulation of econazole-loaded nanoparticles paying special important on type of method for the selection, ingredients and excipients used in design formulations, optimization parameters challenges including bioavailability. Moreover, it also discusses the characterization of these nanoparticles (physicochemical properties), drug loading and encapsulation efficiency as well as in vitro studies describing them with potential use against TB. The mechanistic basis of econazole and the potential synergies with nanoparticle formulation provide unique perspectives herein. The review concludes by highlighting future strategies and practical applications of econazole-based nanoparticles potentially in redefining the TB treatment landscape, specifically for its role as a workaround to preventable execution hurdles during therapy reset besides addressing niche patient groups like MDR-TB cases or pediatric age. The use of Econazole-Based Nanoparticles (EBNPs) revealed would be an innovative route to design a molecule against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, which could represent significant progress for treating TB. Background: This review explores EBNPs in detail, including their implications regarding the formulation and evaluation of these particles as well as how they work to synergize with existing TB treatments. EBNPs thus represent an exemplar of druggable targets for tuberculosis in a landscape where the persistence and drug resistance pathways are still challenging human chemotherapeutic approaches to TB, whether optimized treatment regimens or new tools that shorten therapy. &nbsp; &nbsp; Econazole ; Antimycobacterial ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Microbiology ; Tuberculosis ; Medicine ; Chemistry ; Biology ; Antifungal ; Pathology Multicomponent Synthesis of Heterocycles ; Diverse Scientific Research Studies ; Synthesis and biological activity
Authors: Neelakandan M. Santhosh | Uroš Cvelbar
Source: Frontiers in Nanotechnology (article, 2024-10-28)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Carbon nanostructures for high-frequency line-filtering supercapacitors Supercapacitors (SCs) are considered one of the front-runner energy storage devices for future electronic and automobile device applications. Even though their high-power densities, fast charge/discharge, and long cycling stabilities make them promising for future applications, their charge-discharge takes place below 1 Hz, a major issue for using them as capacitors for line filtering applications. Therefore, developing ultrafast electrochemical supercapacitors with alternating current (AC) line filtering functions has gained research attention to replace conventional aluminum electrolytic capacitors (AEC). Most available SCs possess resistive features rather than capacitive at 120 Hz because of the electrode geometry and configurations, which is a bottleneck in the research of line-filtering SCs. Addressing this challenge could be possible by developing novel electrode materials using hybrid nanostructures to meet the critical requirements for line filtering functions. This mini-review focuses on the advancement and challenges of carbon nanostructure-based electrode materials for AC line filtering applications and the future directions of this growing research area. Supercapacitor ; Materials science ; Line (geometry) ; Nanostructure ; Nanotechnology ; Capacitance ; Physics ; Electrode ; Mathematics Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication ; Graphene research and applications ; Carbon Nanotubes in Composites
Authors: Kiyo Fujimoto
Source: OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (article, 2024-06-17)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Multicomponent Nanoparticle Synthesis for Advanced Manufactured Melt Wire Development Additive manufacturing (AM) based direct-write technologies have emerged as a predominant enabler for the fabrication of advanced passive sensors in-pile applications. This work continues previous efforts with the modification and optimization of synthesis methods for multi-component nanoparticle systems used to support the development, fabrication and testing of AM sensors for peak temperature detection. For this report, bismuth, bismuth/platinum, tin, tin/silver, tin/zinc, indium, and indium/silver bi-metallic nanoparticles were synthesized using the wet chemical methods. The nanoparticles were then characterized with x-ray fluorescence to evaluate the elemental composition and differential scanning to determine the melting point and mass loss of the samples. Results continue to show that bi-metallic nanoparticles are a viable pathway for the fabrication of high-resolution AM melt wires. Nanoparticle ; Materials science ; Development (topology) ; Nanotechnology ; Mathematics Catalytic Processes in Materials Science ; nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
Authors: Huanchang Luo | Jianwei Zhou | Guanfeng Lin | Xiaojing Huang | Yuhang Yang | Yingsong Wu
Source: Bioanalysis (article, 2024-09-24)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure 20 antidepressants in human serum <b>Aim:</b> This study used high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to quantify the blood concentrations of 20 antidepressants, such as bupropion and fluoxetine, in human serum samples.<b>Methods:</b> After direct precipitation with a 1:9 protein precipitant of methanol and acetonitrile, serum samples were examined using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). The material was separated using a Poroshell 120 EC-C18 column (3.0 mm × 50 mm, 2.7 μm) and gradient elution. The mobile phases were phase A 0.01% formic acid aqueous solution (containing 2 mmol/ml ammonium acetate) and phase B methanol solution. A 0.45 ml/min flow rate was used to divide the sample and inject 5 μl. Electrospray ionization source positive ion mode and multiple reaction monitoring modes were used for analysis. Measurement was quantified using an internal standard technique.<b>Results:</b> Accuracy ranged from 90.3 to 114.3%, intra-day precision from 100.1 to 112.3%, inter-day precision from 100.4 to 112.6%, extraction recoveries from 85.5 to 114.5% and matrix effect from 85.6 to 98.7%.<b>Conclusion:</b> This approach is fast, accurate, sensitive and repeatable. It can identify 20 antidepressants in blood simultaneously. This can be used to monitor blood drug levels and medication metabolism. Chromatography ; Tandem mass spectrometry ; Chemistry ; Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry ; Mass spectrometry ; High-performance liquid chromatography ; Fluoxetine ; Serotonin ; Biochemistry Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Treatment of Major Depression ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
Authors: Yanyu Jia | Tiancheng Song | Zhaoyi Joy Zheng | Guangming Cheng | Ayelet J. Uzan | Yu Guo | Yue Tang | Connor J. Pollak | Fang Yuan | Michael Onyszczak | Kenji Watanabe | Takashi Taniguchi | Shiming Lei | Nan Yao | Leslie M. Schoop | N. P. Ong | Sanfeng Wu
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-09-06)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Anomalous Superconductivity in Twisted MoTe2 Nanojunctions Introducing superconductivity in topological materials can lead to innovative electronic phases and device functionalities. Here, we present a new strategy for quantum engineering of superconducting junctions in moire materials through direct, on-chip, and fully encapsulated 2D crystal growth. We achieve robust and designable superconductivity in Pd-metalized twisted bilayer molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) and observe anomalous superconducting effects in high-quality junctions across ~ 20 moire cells. Surprisingly, the junction develops enhanced, instead of weakened, superconducting behaviors, exhibiting fluctuations to a higher critical magnetic field compared to its adjacent Pd7MoTe2 superconductor. Additionally, the critical current further exhibits a striking V-shaped minimum at zero magnetic field. These features are unexpected in conventional Josephson junctions and indeed absent in junctions of natural bilayer MoTe2 created using the same approach. We discuss implications of these observations, including the possible formation of mixed even- and odd-parity superconductivity at the moire junctions. Our results also demonstrate a pathway to engineer and investigate superconductivity in fractional Chern insulators. Superconductivity ; Condensed matter physics ; Physics ; Materials science 2D Materials and Applications ; Iron-based superconductors research ; Machine Learning in Materials Science
Authors: Shang Hai
Source: Proceedings of the World Congress on Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer (article, 2024-04-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Flexible Thermoelectric Electrodes of the New Nitrogen-modifiedMXene/SWCNT Layered Structure Used for Low-grade Thermal Energycollection Confronting the global challenge of energy efficiency in the backdrop of environmental concerns,the innovation of flexible thermoelectric electrodes marks a significant stride forward, especially in the realm of low-temperature heat recovery.This investigation unveils a pioneering electrode material, a nitrogen-doped SWCNT/MXene bilayer thin film, meticulously engineered for thermoelectric systems.Surpassing the conventional Pt electrodes, which are often hindered by their inherent inflexibility and prohibitive costs, our proposed electrodes have excellent ductility and good thermoelectric properties.At a modest temperature difference of 40C, the thermopower output reaches 14.11W cm -2 and the Seebeck coefficient rises to 1.61mV K -1 , significantly improving the thermoelectric performance significantly.This innovation not only positions itself as a formidable contender to Pt electrodes but also signals a new dawn for efficient thermoelectric energy harvesting, underscored by the material's scalability and ready availability. Thermoelectric effect ; Materials science ; Electrode ; Thermal ; Nitrogen ; Optoelectronics ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry MXene and MAX Phase Materials ; Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Graphene research and applications