jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Rodrigo Palucci Pantoni | Olívia Meira Dias
Source: Revista Engenharia na Agricultura - REVENG (article, 2025-05-06)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Detection of Diatraea Saccharalis in images using convolutional neural networks Agricultural pests are organisms capable of significantly impacting the yield and quality of cultivated crops. Traditionally, population control of insect pests has relied on methods such as trapping and subsequent analysis of captured individuals to implement specific control actions, such as the use of insecticides. However, advancements in Computer Vision and Deep Learning techniques offer promising ways for more efficient pest detection and management. This study aims to apply Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to detect the insect pest Diatraea saccharalis, a major pest of sugarcane crops. A dataset comprising 945 training images and 470 test images of deceased insects collected from traps was compiled in order to train and test the model. The Yolov8 Computer Vision framework was employed for software implementation. Results indicate promising outcomes, with the trained CNN achieving 96.2% precision and 95.8% recall. The application of Computer Vision in pest management could lead to more timely and accurate detection of pests, reducing the need for widespread insecticide use, enabling specific interventions, and minimizing labor-intensive monitoring tasks. This research highlights the potential of Deep Learning methodologies to enhance agricultural pest management strategies by improving early pest detection, reducing crop damage, and optimizing the use of pest control resources. Diatraea saccharalis ; Convolutional neural network ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Speech recognition ; Biology ; Botany ; PEST analysis Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Remote Sensing and Land Use ; GABA and Rice Research
Authors: Tao Yuan | Yixiao Ma | Zibo Guo | Yijian Wang | Liqin Kong | Y. X. Feng | Haopeng Liu | Liang Meng
Source: Foods (article, 2025-04-23)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Method of Detecting Microorganisms on the Surface of Mandarin Fish Based on Hyperspectral and Information Fusion Microorganisms play a key role in fish spoilage and quality deterioration, making the development of a rapid, accurate, and efficient technique for detecting surface microbes essential for enhancing freshness and ensuring the safety of mandarin fish consumption. This study focused on the total viable count (TVC) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> levels in the dorsal and ventral parts of fish, and we constructed a detection model using hyperspectral imaging and data fusion. The results showed that comprehensive and simplified models were successfully developed for quantitative detection across all wavelengths. The models performed best at predicting microbial growth on the dorsal side, with the RAW-CARS-PLSR model proving the most effective at predicting TVC and <i>E. coli</i> counts in that region. The RAW-PLSR model was identified as the optimal predictor of the <i>E. coli</i> concentration on the ventral side. A fusion model in the decision layer constructed using the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence outperformed models relying solely on spectral or textural information, making it an optimal approach for detecting surface microbes in mandarin fish. The best prediction accuracy for dorsal TVC concentration achieved an Rp value of 0.9337, whereas that for ventral TVC concentration reached 0.8443. For the <i>E. coli</i> concentration, the optimal <i>R<sub>p</sub></i> values were 0.8180 for the dorsal section and 0.8512 for separate analysis. Hyperspectral imaging ; Food spoilage ; Fish <Actinopterygii> ; Total Viable Count ; Dorsum ; Microorganism ; Artificial intelligence ; Food science ; Biological system ; Environmental science ; Biology ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Computer science ; Bacteria ; Fishery ; Anatomy Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Remote-Sensing Image Classification ; Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Authors: Emin Taner Elmas
Source: Journal of Material Sciences and Engineering Technology (article, 2025-12-05)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

A Novel and Unique Neuroengineering Method-Introduction to “Applied Medi Brain Energy Tronic Treatment Method” for SMA Spinal Muscular Atrophy Disease, Paralyzed Patients, ALS Patients, MPS, SSPE, DMD Patients This article is a scientific study introducing “A Novel Unique Neuro-Physical Medical Treatment Method for SMA – Spinal Muscular Atrophy Disease, Paralyzed Patients, ALS patients, MPS, SSPE, DMD Patients and for Similar Neurological Muscle Diseases” It will be called as “Applied Medi-Brain Energy-Tronic Treatment Method”. This is a non-surgical neuro - treatment method in medicine and neurology, called as “Applied Medi-Brain Energy-Tronic Treatment Method”, named by Emin Taner ELMAS who is the author of the fundamental study of this current article “Emin Taner ELMAS; System Design and Development of a Novel Unique Neuro-Physical Medical Treatment Method for SMA - Spinal Muscular Atrophy Disease and for Similar Neurological Muscle Diseases. Collect J Neurol. 2024; 1: ART0037. https://doi.org/10.70107/ collectjneurol-art0037. This “Applied Medi-Brain Energy-Tronic Treatment Method” is completely original and unique to the author of this article, Emin Taner ELMAS. This “Applied Medi-Brain Energy-Tronic Treatment Method” is not a treatment that has been applied so far, it was invented, first thought and designed by the author of this article, Emin Taner ELMAS, and can be put into practice with step-by-step development stages. Energy transfer process with a thermodynamical interaction stated by “ELMAS’s Theory of Thermodynamics” may partially or totally contribute this unique treatment method. ELMAS’s Theory of Thermodynamics” introduces a scientific approach for 5th Law of Thermodynamics which is a theoretical application example for medical thermodynamics and is revealed by Emin Taner ELMAS who is the author of this article [1-60]. SMA* ; Spinal muscular atrophy ; Energy (signal processing) ; Muscle atrophy ; Medical treatment ; Process (computing) thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses ; Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics ; Cancer Research and Treatment
Authors: A. Williams | Kendalyn N. Firenza | Amy Carfagno | Jake Kline | Luca Fornelli
Source: ChemRxiv (preprint, 2025-05-21)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Comparative Analysis of Proteoform Clean-Up Methods for Improved Top-Down Proteomics Proteoforms, the endogenous forms of polypeptides that take into account all sources of variation (genetic and chemical), may be more relevant for understanding complex biological mechanisms, including disease phenotypes, than generically defined “protein families”. Mass spectrometry-based top-down proteomics often utilizes electrophoretic techniques that rely on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to fractionate proteoforms prior to liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Methanol-chloroform-water (MCW) precipitation is commonly utilized for SDS removal due to its efficacy and low cost, yet it may lead to poor recovery of smaller proteoforms. Here, four commercial SDS clean-up alternatives were benchmarked against MCW. Results suggest that MCW yields fewer proteoform identifications, particularly among small and acidic proteoforms. The analysis of post-translationally modified proteoforms identified using the different clean-up methods indicates increased prevalence of methylation modifications post-MCW clean-up. Among the commercial kits, DetergentOUT and HiPPR achieved SDS removal comparable to MCW but at a higher cost. For studies sensitive to loss of low molecular weight or acidic proteoforms, these kits may offer an advantage. Alternatively, at a lower cost, MinuteSDS still provides sufficient SDS removal and broader proteome coverage. Proteomics ; Clean-up ; Computer science ; Computational biology ; Chemistry ; Chromatography ; Biology ; Biochemistry Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Advanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications
Authors: Gabriela Krupincová | Jiřı́ Militký
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-01-23)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Changes in hairiness of woven fabrics at the production and finishing stages Advances in the textile industry have led to a shift from using empirical experience to design fabrics to using computer-aided systems. Objective fabric properties related to appearance, feel, and comfort are predicted based on the physical models. The look and feel of fabrics are greatly influenced by their complex surface topology, which can be defined by two main properties: roughness and hairiness. In this study, a roughness contactless measurement system originally designed for evaluating only the surface roughness was extended to evaluating the hairiness, which is quantified by spatial parameters obtained by the quadrat method. The modified system of Roughness Contactless Measurement system was applied to assessing work shirts across five production stages, and the experimental results demonstrated variations between gray and treated woven fabrics that could be attributed to shrinkage during water-based processes, subsequent drying under tension, and singeing. The gray and pretreated fabrics exhibited the highest hairiness, which was greatly reduced by singeing and stabilized during the finishing stage by an easy-care treatment. Shrinkage ; Surface roughness ; Surface finish ; Textile ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Computer science ; Quadrat ; Mechanical engineering ; Engineering drawing ; Engineering ; Geology Textile materials and evaluations ; Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection ; Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements
Authors: Bahrem Serhat Danis | Esra Özkan Zayim
Source: The Journal of Open Source Software (article, 2025-10-27)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

TMMax: High-performance modeling of multilayer thin-film structures using transfer matrix method with JAX Danis et al., (2025). TMMax: High-performance modeling of multilayer thin-film structures using transfer matrix method with JAX. Journal of Open Source Software, 10(114), 9088, https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.09088 Matrix (chemical analysis) ; Transfer matrix ; Transfer-matrix method (optics) ; Matrix method ; Transfer function Optical Coatings and Gratings ; Solidification and crystal growth phenomena ; Magnetic properties of thin films
Authors: Zhen Liu | Wenbo Dong | Lei Gu | Ruihan Ge | Xinlei Zeng | Jingwen Deng | Haoran Zhang | Zilu Ye
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2025-11-05)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

End-to-end high-throughput single-cell proteomics via SPRINT and dual-spray LC-MS Abstract Single-cell proteomics (SCP) enables direct measurement of protein heterogeneity but remains constrained by throughput and limited applicability to primary tissues. Here, we present an integrated workflow developed to address both challenges. We engineered SPRINT, an AI-powered bioprinting platform that prepares more than 10,000 single cells per day, over tenfold faster than existing systems, while maintaining stability and enabling identification of over 6,000 proteins from individual HeLa cells. To expand analytical capacity, we further designed a dual-spray tandem direct injection (TDI) LC system that parallelizes non-analytical steps with peptide separation, doubling MS utilization efficiency and enabling 168 label-free SCP runs per day without sensitivity loss. Together with optimized tissue-dissociation protocols, this integrated workflow enabled creation of the first mouse tissue-derived SCP atlas, profiling &gt;1,000 single cells across six organs. These advances establish SCP as a scalable platform ready for broad biological and biomedical applications. Proteomics ; Workflow ; Scalability ; Proteome ; Quantitative proteomics ; Profiling (computer programming) ; Protein expression ; In silico Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Advanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications ; Biotin and Related Studies
Authors: Huan Li | Francesca Vallese | Oliver B. Clarke
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2025-06-10)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

The vault particle is enclosed by a C13-symmetric cap with a positively charged exterior Summary Vaults are some of the largest ribonucleoprotein complexes known, and are highly conserved across eukaryotes, but both their function and key details of their architecture remain unclear. While high-resolution structures of the vault shell are available, the architecture and symmetry of the cap at either end of the vault has remained unresolved. Here we present a 2.25 Å cryo-EM structure of the vault cap, revealing an unexpected 13-fold symmetric arrangement that contrasts with the 39-fold symmetry of the vault body, with each repeating module of the cap formed by an asymmetric homotrimer of adjacent subunits, in which two C-termini remain in the vault interior, and one projects into the cytosol. The center of the cap features an unusual architecture reminiscent of the Stomatin, Flotillin and HflK/C (SPFH) superfamily, consisting of two concentric beta barrels surrounded by an interwoven two-layer stack of alpha-helices, with the innermost barrel forming a 15 Å aperture connecting the interior of the vault with the cytosol. The vault cap features a positively charged exterior and a negatively charged interior surface, with implications for binding partner recruitment and putative binding of the vault particle to microtubules and lipid rafts. These findings uncover a new facet of vault particle architecture, and have implications for engineering and design of modified vault particles for therapeutic delivery, as well as providing new opportunities for interrogating the functional roles of the vault particle in biological systems. Vault (architecture) ; Particle (ecology) ; Physics ; Geology ; Geometry ; Structural engineering ; Mathematics ; Engineering Enzyme Structure and Function ; Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology ; Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
Authors: Xuyang Ji | Yufei Liu | Shuang Sun | Zehao He | Yuyao Yang | Yan Zhang
Source: Advanced Photonics Research (article, 2025-10-12)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Terahertz Chiral Recognition Based on Metasurfaces Chiral detection plays a crucial role in biomedicine and materials science, but traditional methods face challenges such as low sensitivity and complex operation. Utilizing a terahertz time‐domain spectroscopy (THz‐TDS) system for chiral sample detection leverages the advantages of terahertz radiation, including rich biological information and nonionizing properties. However, conventional THz‐TDS systems can only generate and detect linearly polarized terahertz radiation, requiring multiple measurements for chiral characterization. Here, we propose a novel terahertz chiral sensing method based on a multi‐layer metallic metasurface. Within the range of 0.65–0.75 THz, the metasurface can separate and focus the left‐handed and right‐handed circularly polarized components in the linearly polarized illuminating light into two focal points and convert them back into linear polarization for convenient measurement, thereby overcoming the technical bottleneck of traditional systems. Experimental results demonstrate that the double‐layer metasurface structure extends the operational bandwidth to 100 GHz through Fabry–Perot‐like resonance effects. The (R)‐(−)‐ibuprofen and (S)‐(+)‐ibuprofen enantiomers are measured to demonstrate the validity of proposed method. Compared to traditional THz‐TDS systems for chiral measurements, the efficiency of this method is significantly improved. This method provides a new approach for terahertz chiral recognition and demonstrates practical value in the field of pharmaceutical chiral analysis. Terahertz radiation ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Bottleneck ; Bandwidth (computing) ; Circular polarization ; Terahertz spectroscopy and technology ; Characterization (materials science) Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Terahertz technology and applications ; Superconducting and THz Device Technology
Authors: Ryan Hylton | Micaela Boiero Sanders | Adriana Georgiana Prajica | Gavin Rice | Stefan Raunser
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2025-09-02)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Streamlined Montage Cryo-Electron Tomography for Exploring the Ultrastructure of Cells and Tissues Abstract Cryo-electron tomography reveals the architecture of biological specimens at molecular resolution, albeit with a limited field of view. Montage tomography overcomes this limitation, but existing strategies depend on complex dose distribution imaging schemes or hardware modifications which prevent widespread adoption of the method. To lower the barrier to entry, we developed a straightforward workflow that deviates minimally from conventional image acquisition and leverages our software MontageMaker to merge overlapping tilt series. The resulting montage tomograms are produced with high throughput, retain nanoscale detail despite the uneven accumulation of dose, and are easily acquired on a wide variety of biological samples. Most importantly, this approach can be implemented immediately by any lab with access to automated cryo-ET data collection. Ultrastructure ; Electron tomography ; Cryo-electron tomography ; Tomography ; Electron microscope ; Chemistry ; Cell biology ; Pathology ; Physics ; Biology ; Medicine ; Optics Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
Authors: Jian‐Biao Liu | Yangyang Zhang | Jun-Bo Lu | Jun Li
Source: Scientia Sinica Chimica (article, 2025-02-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Recent progress in the theoretical simulations of molten salts of lanthanide and actinide elements <p indent="0mm">High-temperature molten salts, due to their unique physicochemical properties, have been widely applied in fields such as molten salt reactors, nuclear waste reprocessing, and the separation and extraction of strategic lanthanide and actinide elements. Experimental studies of the physicochemical behavior of lanthanide and actinide elements in molten salts face significant challenges such as high temperatures, corrosiveness, strong radioactivity, and chemical toxicity. Computational modeling and simulations using relativistic quantum chemistry methods and molecular dynamics represent an important complementary approach that can overcome many limitations encountered in experimental research. In recent years, advancements in theoretical chemistry methods and parallel computing technologies have led to the widespread application of theoretical and computational chemistry approaches in the study of molten salts of lanthanide and actinide elements. These methods have profoundly revealed the intrinsic relationships between microscopic structures and macroscopic properties. Nevertheless, there are numerous challenges in computational simulations of f-block-elements molten salts, including the changes in the bonding characteristics of 4f/5d and 5f/6d orbitals under extreme conditions, the development of simulation methods that balance computational efficiency with model accuracy, and the accurate description of molten salt structures, particularly the intermediate-range order, as well as their effects on thermophysical properties. In this review, we summarize recent advances in computational simulations of molten salts of lanthanide and actinide elements. Lanthanide ; Actinide ; Molten salt ; Chemistry ; Radiochemistry ; Materials science ; Inorganic chemistry ; Ion ; Organic chemistry Nuclear Materials and Properties ; Molten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes ; Intermetallics and Advanced Alloy Properties
Authors: Shervin Alirahimi | Hatef Mohammadi Alashti | Azadeh Jafari
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-08-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Acoustic standing wave driven bubble dynamics in Oldroyd-B fluids using a semi analytical approach Bubble oscillation plays a pivotal role in a multitude of medical and industrial applications. In this study, we employ a semi-analytical method to investigate the oscillation of a bubble in a viscoelastic fluid. The bubble is assumed to oscillate isothermally, and the well-known Rayleigh-Plesset equation for bubble dynamics is employed alongside the Oldroyd-B constitutive equation for the viscoelastic fluid. By applying the Leibniz integral rule, the governing integro-differential equation is converted into a system of four ordinary differential equations, which are then solved numerically. The results demonstrate that modifying each dimensionless parameter exerts a distinct influence on bubble oscillation, depending on the elasticity number and other parameters such as the amplitude of acoustic pressure. In the range of non-dimensional values under consideration, an increase in the Reynolds number, acoustic pressure, and acoustic frequency has been observed to exert a significant influence on the amplitude of bubble oscillation, relative to the influence of other parameters. As the Reynolds number approaches approximately 1.1, the bubble oscillations become chaotic. In contrast, at lower Reynolds numbers, the oscillations remain periodic. Moreover, our findings indicate that a Deborah number of 2.4 represents the most elastic fluid in which bubble oscillations were observed. When the elasticity number is approximately 10 or higher and the Reynolds number remains constant, further increases in elastic effects do not significantly impact the oscillations. Bubble ; Dynamics (music) ; Mechanics ; Standing wave ; Computer science ; Acoustics ; Statistical physics ; Physics Ultrasound and Cavitation Phenomena ; Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications ; Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging
Authors: Vijay Kumar Mahakur | Santosh Kumar | G Raja | A.C. Umamaheshwer | M.L. Brabin Nivas | Mohd Anis Ansari | P. Venkateshwar Reddy
Source: JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (article, 2025-02-07)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

EXPLORING THE SYNERGY OF NATURAL FIBER REINFORCEMENT IN COMPOSITE MATERIALS: A STUDY ON JUTE-BASED COMPOSITES USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS In recent times, composite components based on natural fibers/fillers are becoming more prevalent owing to their lightweight nature, simplicity of acquisition, environmental sustainability, and enhanced stiffness and strength.Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is implemented in this work to assess the tensile characteristics of jutebased composites at different filler content compositions (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, and 12.5 wt.%).The study validates the efficacy of FEA in forecasting material changes under various situations by correlating computational results with experimental information using ANSYS R121 software.The findings show that, up to a certain point, the tensile strength of jute particle composites (JPC) increases as the filler content rises; beyond that, a decrease in strength is seen because of a decreased stress transfer efficiency.In applications that need for lightweight and biodegradable materials, the research emphasizes jute's potential as a competitive substitute for synthetic fibers.Additionally, a fifth-order polynomial model is created to calculate composite strength based on strain rates and particle proportions, enabling engineers and researchers to choose and build materials more effectively.This study highlights the importance of natural fiber composites in developing sustainable material solutions for a range of industrial applications and offers insightful information on their mechanical properties. Composite material ; Reinforcement ; Finite element method ; Composite number ; Materials science ; Natural fiber ; Fiber-reinforced composite ; Fiber ; Structural engineering ; Engineering Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Mechanical Engineering and Vibrations Research