jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Leonardo Galliano | Ludovic Berthier
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (article, 2026-03-16)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Glass and jamming transitions in a random organization model We study a two-dimensional, off-lattice particle model introduced to describe absorbing phase transitions in driven non-Brownian suspensions. We numerically explore the $(ϕ,ε)$ phase diagram, where $ϕ$ is the packing fraction and $ε$ controls the amplitude of particle jumps. We use a binary mixture to suppress crystallization, which allows us to disentangle the model's distinct phase transitions between amorphous states. At large $ϕ$, we find that the approach to the absorbing transition is preceded by a non-equilibrium glass transition to a non-diffusive amorphous state. This dynamic arrest makes the location of the critical absorbing transitions protocol-dependent. The $ε\to 0$ end-point of the transition line defines a jamming transition whose location is shown to vary continuously with the preparation protocol, and cannot serve as a unique definition of random close packing. Near jamming, we observe a complex landscape and marginal stability, reminiscent of Gardner phases found in thermal glasses. The critical exponents characterizing packings at the jamming transition numerically agree with alternative approaches based on energy minimization, and with analytic predictions from mean-field replica theory. We analyze hyperuniformity in fluid and glass phases, where it emerges with qualitatively distinct signatures, and show that random organization dynamics does not determine the hyperuniformity observed in jammed packings, which is found to be non-universal. Our results show that random organization models share deep physical similarities with thermal soft-particle systems undergoing glass and jamming transitions, with little impact of the non-equilibrium nature of the microscopic dynamics on emerging physical properties. Jamming ; Phase transition ; Amorphous solid ; Glass transition ; Replica ; Phase (matter) ; Particle (ecology) ; Amplitude ; Thermal fluctuations Material Dynamics and Properties ; Theoretical and Computational Physics ; Block Copolymer Self-Assembly
Authors: Erik Rihtar | Tina Fink | Filip Ivanovski | Eva Koplan | Roman Jerala
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2026-01-31)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Repurposing nuclear receptors for ligand-responsive liquid condensate formation and gene regulation Cells regulate processes through protein interaction networks. Most chemically induced dimerization (CID) systems respond to exogenous molecules, limiting integration with endogenous signaling. Here, we repurpose nuclear receptor (NR) ligand-binding domains (LBDs) and coactivators to develop hormone- or clinically approved drug-responsive CIDs. Using the LBDs of TRβ, VDR, RARγ, ERβ, and GR2 with a TIF2 coactivator peptide, we constructed CIDs responsive to triiodothyronine, vitamin D, retinoic acid, estrogen, cortisol, and their antagonists. These CIDs enable two-input transcriptional switches for gene regulation. Furthermore, we design hormone-responsive liquid-liquid phase-separated (LLPS) condensates that strongly amplify transcription when exceeding a critical interaction threshold. These functional LLPS condensates provide a tunable platform for transcriptional control with up to several hundred-fold activation. Our findings offer an approach for integrating synthetic biology with physiological signaling, advancing applications in gene circuits, biosensing, and therapeutics through ligand-controlled LLPS formation. Nuclear receptor ; Nuclear receptor coactivator 1 ; Coactivator ; Nuclear receptor coactivator 2 ; Regulation of gene expression ; Limiting ; Transcription factor ; Transcriptional regulation ; Transcription (linguistics) ; Gene Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials ; Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry ; Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures
Authors: Mattia Zangoli | Antonio Maggiore | Nicol Spalacci | Fabrizio Mariano | Filippo Monti | Soraia Flammini | Marco Pugliese | Giuseppe Gigli | Vincenzo Maiorano | Francesca Di Maria
Source: Journal of Materials Chemistry C (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

V-shaped D–π–A–π–D molecules based on benzothiophene- <i>S</i> , <i>S</i> -dioxide: tuning of excited states <i>via</i> donor strength to engineer photoactive materials Effective decoupling between donors and the acceptor in V-shaped D–π–A–π–D molecules enables the excited-state landscape to be governed almost entirely by the intrinsic donor strength, which dictates fluorescence, TADF, and singlet-oxygen generation. Excited state ; Decoupling (probability) ; Molecule ; Acceptor Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials ; Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics ; Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry
Authors: J. M. Brader | Emmanuel di Bernardo | S. M. Tschopp
Source: The Journal of Physical Chemistry B (article, 2026-02-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Hard Disks Confined within a Narrow Channel We employ inhomogeneous integral equation theory to investigate the equilibrium properties of hard disks confined to a channel of width <i>L</i> by hard parallel walls. If the channel width is narrowed below two disk diameters, then the system enters a quasi-one-dimensional regime for which the particles cannot move past each other. In the limit when <i>L</i> is equal to one particle diameter, the system reduces to the one-dimensional bulk along the center of the channel. We study first the dimensional crossover properties of the inhomogeneous Percus-Yevick (PY) integral equation as <i>L</i> is reduced and then investigate the behavior of a quasi one-dimensional system as the packing of the particles is increased for a fixed value of <i>L</i>. We find that the inhomogeneous PY equation is highly accurate for situations of quasi-one-dimensional confinement and that it predicts the onset of a structural transition to a zigzag state at higher packing. The excellent performance of this integral equation method and the ease with which it handles confinement-induced dimensional crossover is a consequence of the improved resolution which comes from treating explicitly the inhomogeneous two-body correlation functions. Crossover ; Zigzag ; Integral equation ; Limit (mathematics) ; Channel (broadcasting) ; Particle (ecology) ; Equation of state Material Dynamics and Properties ; Thermal properties of materials ; Advanced Physical and Chemical Molecular Interactions
Authors: Dongmei Zhang | Zhigang Bao
Source: Materials Research Express (article, 2026-02-13)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

The thermal transport properties of graphene nanoribbons with central vacancy defects Abstract Using the nonequilibrium Green’s function method, we investigated the thermal transport properties of armchair and zigzag graphene nanoribbons with central longitudinal vacancy defects, revealing intriguing phonon transport phenomena. The results indicate that these defects can effectively modulate the thermal conductance of the graphene nanoribbons. The thermal conductance gradually decreases as the width of the central longitudinal vacancy defect increases. Notably, the thermal conductance of zigzag graphene nanoribbons decreases approximately linearly with increasing defect width. Once the longitudinal vacancy defect reaches a critical size, the thermal conductance saturates and remains constant. Under a fixed defect width, temperature exerts a pronounced influence on the variation of thermal conductance. These results offer a physical model and theoretical foundation for the design of functional phononic devices. Zigzag ; Vacancy defect ; Thermal conductivity ; Graphene ; Graphene nanoribbons ; Conductance Thermal properties of materials ; Graphene research and applications ; Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies
Authors: J. M. Brader | E. Di Bernardo | S. M. Tschopp
Source: ArXiv.org (article, 2026-01-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Hard disks confined within a narrow channel We employ inhomogeneous integral equation theory to investigate the equilibrium properties of hard disks confined to a channel of width $L$ by hard parallel walls. If the channel width is narrowed below two disk diameters, then the system enters a quasi one-dimensional regime for which the particles cannot move past each other. In the limit when $L$ is equal to one particle diameter the system reduces to the one-dimensional bulk along the center of the channel. We study first the dimensional crossover properties of the inhomogeneous Percus-Yevick (PY) integral equation as $L$ is reduced and then investigate the behaviour of a quasi one-dimensional system as the packing of the particles is increased for a fixed value of $L$. We find that the inhomogeneous PY equation is highly accurate for situations of quasi one-dimensional confinement and that it predicts the onset of a structural transition to a zigzag state at higher packing. The excellent performance of this integral equation method and the ease with which it handles confinement-induced dimensional crossover is a consequence of the improved resolution which comes from treating explicitly the inhomogeneous two-body correlation functions. Crossover ; Zigzag ; Integral equation ; Channel (broadcasting) ; Limit (mathematics) ; Particle (ecology) ; Equation of state Material Dynamics and Properties ; Thermal properties of materials ; Advanced Physical and Chemical Molecular Interactions
Authors: Viola Caminiti | Ameya Pankaj Gupte | Sergio Casella | Marco Lucchetta | Lorenzo Favaro | Marina Basaglia
Source: Bioresources and Bioprocessing (article, 2026-03-17)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Sustainable bioconversion of excess grape must into polyhydroxyalkanoates by Cupriavidus necator DSM 545 and Hydrogenophaga pseudoflava DSM 1034 Wine production generates significant quantities of by-products each year, among which surplus grape must is notable for its high content of fermentable sugars, organic acids, and polyphenols. As wine consumption declines and grape must surpluses grow, identifying sustainable valorization strategies becomes increasingly critical. This study investigates for the first time the potential use of red and white grape musts as substrates for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production by two well-characterized bacterial strains, Cupriavidus necator DSM 545 and Hydrogenophaga pseudoflava DSM 1034, under both batch and fed-batch fermentation regimes. Both musts supported microbial growth and PHAs accumulation. In batch cultures, C. necator DSM 545 achieved a PHB content of up to 61.5% of cell dry weight (CDW), while H. pseudoflava DSM 1034 reached 67.9% PHB on grape must, with yields and biomass comparable to or exceeding those obtained with synthetic sugar-based media. Under fed-batch conditions with red must, C. necator DSM 545 sustained growth and PHB production across multiple feeding feeding periods, outperforming the control medium. Conversely, H. pseudoflava DSM 1034 displayed initial growth but failed to increase biomass over time, suggesting that this strain may be poorly suited for use in fed-bacth-based applications, likely due to nutrient depletion or the accumulation of inhibitory compounds. Overall, these results proved that grape musts are promising feedstocks for sustainable PHAs production. Their integration into circular economy frameworks offers a valuable opportunity for waste recovery and the development of bioplastics within the agri-food industry, especially in light of the increasing grape must surpluses recently experienced worldwide. Surplus red and white grape musts were tested as substrates for PHAs production Batch cultures of C. necator DSM 545 and H. pseudoflava DSM 1034 accumulated PHB Fed-batch setting confirmed C. necator DSM 545 performance with red must H. pseudoflava DSM 1034 showed limited fitness to prolonged fed-batch conditions Grape musts are promising, cost-effective feedstocks for PHAs production Cupriavidus necator ; Bioconversion ; Polyhydroxyalkanoates ; Industrial and production engineering ; Bioplastic biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties ; Microplastics and Plastic Pollution ; Enzyme-mediated dye degradation
Authors: Víctor D. Vázquez | Ricardo Pampliega | Jordi Verdú | Pedro Rubio de Paco
Source: IEEE Microwave and Wireless Technology Letters (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

S-Band Fully Canonical Dual-Mode BaTiO <sub>3</sub> Ceramic Filter This work presents the design and fabrication of a narrowband, fully canonical, fourth-order monolithic filter with fourth transmission zeros (TZs) operating in the S-band. The device is based on dielectric resonators made of barium titanate (BaTiO<sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub>) ceramics. The TE<sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">110</sub>, TE<sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">120</sub>, and TE<sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">210</sub> modes are employed to generate the poles and TZs. The resonant frequencies are tuned by modifying the chamfer lengths at opposite corners of the square resonator. The coupling between cavities is implemented through an iris structure strategically arranged to fully exploit the capabilities of the degenerate dual modes. The experimental results show excellent agreement with the simulations. Ceramic ; Filter (signal processing) ; Stability (learning theory) ; Work (physics) Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials ; Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies ; Microwave Dielectric Ceramics Synthesis
Authors: S Sahli | Nabila Souilah | Hamdi Bendif | Amar Benmahammed | Saliha Dahamna | Ramazan Erenler | Walid Elfalleh | İbrahim Demirtaş | Fehmi Boufahja Boufahja | Stefanıa Garzoli
Source: Chemistry & Biodiversity (article, 2026-03-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Comparative Analysis of Akerma and Bouchouk Guergour Olive Oils Varieties: Physicochemical Analysis, Quality, and Bioactivity Evaluation The current study investigated the dynamic of the ripening process, oil yield, physicochemical properties, and wound healing activity of two olive varieties, namely Akerma and Bouchouk Guergour. The ripening index revealed that Akerma matured at a slower rate compared to the Bouchouk Guergour variety. The oil yield peaked at 12.71% for the Akerma variety at the spotted stage and 19.56% for Bouchouk Guergour at the black stage, suggesting earlier harvesting time in short-growing seasons for the former oil tree. Physicochemical analyses showed compliance with International Olive Council standards, with Akerma exhibiting lower acidity compared to Bouchouk Guergour variety. The peroxide value increased with ripening, indicating higher oxidative susceptibility in mature oils. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed a high content of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), particularly oleic acid. Notably, in vivo, evaluations demonstrated significant wound healing effects, with both oils achieving complete recovery by Day 28, particularly in their black stages, and showcasing anti-inflammatory properties. These findings underscore the importance of varietal selection and optimal harvest timing to enhance oil quality, yield, and therapeutic potential. This research provides valuable insights for olive growers, facilitating the maximization of production and promoting health benefits associated with high-quality olive oils. Oleic acid ; Olive oil ; Ripening ; Peroxide value ; Yield (engineering) Edible Oils Quality and Analysis ; Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis ; Plant Growth Enhancement Techniques
Authors: Anoir Hamdi | Dominik Dettmann | Andrés Rafael Botello‐Méndez | Atiye Pezeshki | Lilian Skokan | Andreas Ruediger | G. Fiori | Zeila Zanolli | Emanuele Orgiu
Source: Small (article, 2026-02-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Large Unsaturated Magnetoresistance in Gated MoS <sub>2</sub> Flakes Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) are a fertile playground to study the interactions between charge carriers and external magnetic fields. Van der Waals interlayer interactions enable the investigation of magnetotransport as a function of the different numbers of TMD layers. Here, we demonstrate unsaturated large magnetoresistance (MR) in MoS<sub>2</sub> crystals by using a field-effect transistor geometry to tune charge carrier density. Our work shows that the device can be operated in a given regime that allows reaching a maximum MR of 680% at 1.8 K without any sign of saturation. The device exhibits a higher sensitivity to magnetic fields when operating in the subthreshold regime than in its on-state. Our work suggests that this effect stems from a change in the energy of the conducting states as observed by monitoring the threshold voltage shift. Notably, the magnitude of such a shift strongly decreases with temperature and number of layers. By means of Density Functional Theory calculations, we confirm that the origin of such a large MR is not the Lorentz force affecting band-like transport, but rather, an interaction that affects the electronic properties of mid-gap states in MoS<sub>2</sub> that are dominating the charge transport at low temperature. This work demonstrates that controlling the charge density in the channel and the transport mechanism leads to engineering of the magnetic sensitivity in 2D materials. Magnetoresistance ; van der Waals force ; Lorentz force ; Work (physics) ; Subthreshold conduction ; Magnetic field ; Density functional theory ; Sensitivity (control systems) ; Conductance 2D Materials and Applications ; Graphene research and applications ; Chemical and Physical Properties of Materials
Authors: Suzan Özdemir | Janset Oztemur-Sezgin | Havva Tezcan Ünlü | Atıf Yolgösteren | Elif Nisa Ünlü | Abdullah Öz | Meric Kocaturk-Guney | Gülşah Çeçener | Nihal Yasar Gul Satar | Hande Sezgin | İpek Yalcin-Enis
Source: ACS Omega (article, 2026-03-13)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Prolonged <i>In Vivo</i> Performance of Electrospun PCL-Based Vascular Grafts in a Large Animal Model: Influence of Material Design and Systemic Drug Support The development of biodegradable vascular grafts that replicate the structural and functional characteristics of native vessels remains a critical challenge in regenerative medicine. Although <i>in vitro</i> studies have demonstrated promising outcomes, the long-term success of electrospun vascular grafts in large animal models has been limited due to mechanical incompatibility, insufficient interfacial adhesion, and thrombotic issues. In this study, bilayer vascular grafts composed of polycaprolactone (PCL), polylactic acid (PLA), and poly-(l-lactide-<i>co</i>-caprolactone) (PLCL) were developed and fabricated using the electrospinning technique, and after testing biological and mechanical performance, they were implanted and evaluated in a porcine carotid artery model. Two bilayer configurations were designed, namely, PCL_PCL and PCLPLA_PLCL, consisting of random fiber distribution in inner layers and radial fiber orientation in outer layers to mimic native arteries. Mechanical test results revealed that developed grafts provided adequate performance in terms of tensile strength, burst pressure, compliance, and suture retention strength when compared with native carotid arteries. PCLPLA_PLCL grafts exhibited higher radial strength due to the presence of PLA but showed lower compliance. <i>In vivo</i> results indicated early graft failure in PCLPLA_PLCL samples, which might be associated with delamination at the interface. In contrast, PCL_PCL grafts achieved longer patency, particularly in animals receiving enoxaparin via intradermal injection, with one graft remaining partially patent for up to 90 days, a finding rarely reported in porcine studies. Histological evaluation revealed that inflammation, fibrin deposition, and fibrotic tissue formation were the primary causes of graft occlusion. Overall, the results demonstrated that material selection and pharmacological management play decisive roles in the long-term performance of small-diameter vascular grafts. Electrospun PCL-based bilayer constructs appear to hold significant potential for future clinical applications. Fibrin ; Vascular graft ; Bilayer ; Polycaprolactone ; Tissue engineering ; In vivo ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Electrospinning ; Thrombus Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine ; Infectious Aortic and Vascular Conditions
Authors: Min Tang | Fanzhou Lv | Haiyun Dong | Jiawei Wang | Chaoyuan Jin | Tun Cao | Ching Hua Lee | Ronny Thomale | Sebastian Klembt | Yana Vaynzof | Libo Ma
Source: ArXiv.org (article, 2026-02-09)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Wide-angle emission in cylindrical moiré lattices enabled by rolling origami Twisted photonic lattices that form moiré superlattices have attracted significant attention owing to their unique properties, such as strong field confinement and high-quality factors, in which the localized optical modes can serve as efficient light sources. However, in conventional moiré lattices, the emission direction of confined modes is typically fixed, and achieving a broad range of emission angles through simple modulation remains a significant challenge. Here, we design and fabricate single-layer moiré photonic lattices into cylindrical geometries using a nanomembrane origami technique. This approach enables wide-angle localized-mode emission while maintaining stable single-mode operation and excellent spectral uniformity. The moiré supercells support localized flat-band modes under various effective twist angles, resulting in the observation of periodic localized-mode emission over a wide range of azimuthal angles. Our research provides an approach for developing moiré light sources on curved surfaces, offering significant potential in applications that demand spatial light control, including three dimensional imaging, light detection and ranging, and topological states manipulation. Photonics ; Azimuth ; Photonic crystal ; Modulation (music) ; Light emission ; Twist ; Superlattice Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Nonlinear Photonic Systems ; Photonic Crystals and Applications