jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Shihao Guo | Jinhua Wang | Tengfei Shao | Weijun Zhen
Source: Polymer Engineering and Science (article, 2026-02-04)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Polypyrrole/Modified <scp>PDMS</scp> / <scp>MXene</scp> Sandwich‐Structured Materials With Electromagnetic Shielding Properties ABSTRACT This study reports a sandwich‐structured composite with polypyrrole (PPy)/modified polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) outer layers and MXene/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) intermediate layer. The PDMS matrix contains carboxylated carbon nanotubes with Fe 3 O 4 (MWCNT@Fe 3 O 4 ), liquid metal‐copper alloy (LM@Cu), carbon fibers, and expanded microspheres. PPy polymerized on PDMS enhances conductivity, while MXene/PVA acts as a reflective layer. Structural, morphological analyses, and simulation confirm the uniform dispersion of fillers, successful Fe 3 O 4 and Cu modifications, and interfacial bonding within the sandwich architecture. The composite shows 2.21 Ω cm resistivity through conductive filler interactions. EMI shielding in X‐band reveals 80.57 dB total shielding effectiveness, exceeding individual components (PPy/PDMS: 43.54 dB; MXene/PVA: 5.62 dB). This results from multi‐phase shielding: porous PPy/PDMS enables impedance matching and wave absorption, while MXene creates internal reflection cycles. The design achieves 93% wave absorption through gradient conductivity and magnetic‐electric synergy, offering a scalable approach for flexible, lightweight shielding materials. Electromagnetic shielding ; Composite number ; Electrical conductor ; Polydimethylsiloxane ; Reflection loss ; Porosity ; Electrical resistivity and conductivity ; Carbon nanotube ; Reflection (computer programming) ; Dispersion (optics) Electromagnetic wave absorption materials ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties
Authors: Kandasamy Sasikumar | G.Y. Lee | Ramar Rajamanikandan | Heongkyu Ju
Source: Photonics (article, 2026-02-15)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Advances in Carbon Dots-Integrated Optical Fiber Sensors Carbon dots (CDs) have enormous potential in optical sensing applications due to their remarkable physicochemical properties. Benefiting from high specific surface area, rich active sites, bright photoluminescence, high photostability, and biocompatibility, CDs have been widely used as functional layers in optical fiber sensors, resulting in notable improvements in sensitivity, response speed, and environmental stability. This review describes recent advances in CD-integrated optical fiber sensors, with a focus on CD synthesis techniques and their integration with optical fibers for the sensing of diverse analytes, including heavy metal ions, biomarkers, and dyes. CD-integrated fiber sensors exhibit significantly enhanced detection performance in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, repeatability, response time, and recovery time, compared with their CD-free counterparts. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives are discussed. This review aims to provide valuable insights for the design and development of novel CD-integrated optical fiber platforms for sensing chemically and biologically relevant analytes. Optical fiber ; Optical sensing ; Fiber optic sensor ; Fiber ; Focus (optics) ; Carbon fibers Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications ; Electrochemical sensors and biosensors ; Polydiacetylene-based materials and applications
Authors: Zlatko Nedelkoski | Paul M. Sharp | J. do Nascimento | Leonardo Lari | P. J. Hasnip | Sara A. Majetich | Quentin M. Ramasse | Demie Kepaptsoglou | Vlado K. Lazarov
Source: Ultramicroscopy (article, 2026-02-17)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Atomic-scale observation of vacancy ordering in magnetite nanoparticles Magnetite ; Vacancy defect ; Transmission electron microscopy ; Nanoparticle ; Scanning transmission electron microscopy ; Magnetic nanoparticles ; Dark field microscopy ; Crystal structure Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Magnetic Properties and Synthesis of Ferrites ; Iron oxide chemistry and applications
Authors: Jie Jiang | Xinrui Yuan | Lei Hu
Source: Molecules (article, 2026-04-05)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Recent Advances of Azobenzene-Based Photoresponsive Molecular Switches for Protein-Targeted Photopharmacology Azobenzene derivatives constitute a prototypical class of photoresponsive molecular switches with broad utility in synthetic chemistry and biomedical research, owing to their distinctive physicochemical properties. Recent molecular engineering has enabled red-shifted photoisomerization into the visible biological window, thereby enhancing tissue penetration and reducing phototoxicity. This review systematically surveys contemporary advances in azobenzene-based photoswitchable systems with a specific focus on medicinal chemistry and photopharmacology. Emphasis is placed on rational design strategies—including ortho-functionalization, heteroaryl substitution, and bridged diazocine scaffolds—that improve photophysical properties, thermal stability, and photostationary state distributions. Particular attention is devoted to the integration of these novel azobenzene motifs as privileged pharmacophores, highlighting their emerging therapeutic applications in neurological modulation, enzyme inhibition, receptor targeting, and oncology, as well as their translational potential in drug discovery and photodynamic therapy. Photoisomerization ; Azobenzene ; Molecular switch ; Photostationary state ; Rational design ; Photoswitch Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry ; Click Chemistry and Applications ; Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
Authors: Elena Hurtado-Fernández | Luis A. Trujillo‐Cayado | Paloma Álvarez-Mateos | Jenifer Santos
Source: Polymers (article, 2026-02-27)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Extraction, Characterization and Applications of Biopolymers from Sustainable Sources Biopolymers from renewable sources are increasingly explored to reduce the carbon footprint of materials and mitigate plastic pollution. This review synthesizes the last five years of progress across the biopolymer value chain, comparing plant, microbial/fermentation, fungal, and marine/algal resources and critically assessing greener extraction and fractionation routes (ultrasound and microwave intensification, subcritical water, supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> with co-solvents, ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents including natural deep eutectic solvents, and enzymatic or bio-mediated processes). We emphasize yield-selectivity trade-offs, scalability, energy demand, and solvent recovery. Downstream, we summarize purification and performance tuning via crosslinking, derivatization, blending/plasticization, and nanocomposites, and we map advanced characterization to targeted functional properties to bridge processing choices with end-use performance. Applications are organized across food and agriculture, biomedical and pharmaceutical technologies, packaging, and cosmetics, with cross-cutting attention to safety and regulatory compliance, quality-by-design, techno-economics, and life-cycle assessment. Key bottlenecks are feedstock variability, viscosity and recyclability limitations of designer solvents, and persistent gaps in barrier and thermal properties versus petrochemical benchmarks, compounded by uneven composting and recycling infrastructure. Promising directions include low-viscosity or switchable solvents, data- and artificial intelligence (AI)-guided process optimization, engineered biopolymers, and circular end-of-life strategies that align material design with realistic recovery routes. Petrochemical ; Characterization (materials science) ; Raw material ; Supercritical fluid ; Renewable energy ; Renewable resource ; Deep eutectic solvent Polymer Foaming and Composites ; Ionic liquids properties and applications ; Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging
Authors: Arash Vaghef-Koodehi | Amirmohammad Ostovari
Source: Advances in Materials Science and Engineering (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Simulation‐Based Neural Signal Detection and Early Alzheimer’s Diagnosis Using ENZ Graphene Quantum Photodetectors We propose a simulation‐based biophotonic neural interface utilizing epsilon‐near‐zero (ENZ) graphene Schottky photodetector arrays to achieve substantial improvements in quantum‐scale neural signal detection. Building upon our previously developed side‐illuminated graphene devices, which demonstrated high detectivity (9.6 × 10 12 Jones) and ultralow dark currents (10 −15 A), the present model achieves femtosecond‐scale temporal resolution for simulated monitoring of quantum coherence in neuronal microtubules. In modelled early‐stage Alzheimer’s detection scenarios, the system’s quantum biomarker analysis attained simulated sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 98%, indicating potential diagnostic advantages over conventional PET and CSF methods. Simulations predict the capability to detect ultraweak biophoton emission rates (∼10 −21 W) with high signal‐to‐noise ratios (&gt; 10 6 :1), based on experimentally validated optical parameters. These results support the potential applicability of ENZ graphene photodetector technology to next‐generation neural quantum sensing and computational studies of quantum phenomena in biological systems. Graphene ; Photodetector ; Quantum ; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy) ; SIGNAL (programming language) ; Detection theory ; Sensitivity (control systems) ; Detector Graphene research and applications ; Photoreceptor and optogenetics research ; Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
Authors: Zhen Gao | P. R. Zhang | Yupeng Zheng
Source: Gels (article, 2026-02-03)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Novel Polymer-Based Gels Polymer gels, as a class of soft materials with three-dimensional cross-linked networks, have garnered escalating attention in recent decades due to their exceptional capacity to absorb and retain solvents, coupled with tunable mechanical, chemical, and responsive properties [...]. Polymer ; Soft materials ; Class (philosophy) ; Self-healing hydrogels Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials ; Covalent Organic Framework Applications ; Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
Authors: Pan Gao | Song Wang | Yuechao Yao | Yibo Dou
Source: Energy & environment materials (article, 2026-01-28)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Engineered Metal–Organic Frameworks‐Based Materials for Environmental Detection Sensitive and selective detection of contaminants is crucial for environmental protection. As promising materials, engineered metal–organic frameworks with unique physicochemical properties of composites and framework modularity, large surface area, tunable pore sizes, and multi‐functionality have shown significant advances in environmental determinations. This review provides an overview of the key sensing parameters in analytical chemistry and outlines the synthesis principles as well as research progress of metal–organic framework‐based sensory materials in pollutant detection. Where engineered metal–organic frameworks serve as an integral component of the achieved function, highlighting the typical regulation strategies that involve tuning active sites, ligand functionalization, pyrolysis, and modification of functional compounds, among others, to achieve performance improvement. Following, we present the unique properties of engineered metal–organic frameworks that can be harnessed to develop different types of sensing systems based on the sensing mechanisms of spectrometry, luminescence, electrical transduction, and others to achieve highly sensitive and selective detection of different contaminants. Finally, the current challenges and perspectives on the development and exploration of advanced metal–organic frameworks for sensing are discussed. Key (lock) ; Component (thermodynamics) ; Biocompatible material ; Current (fluid) ; Environmental monitoring Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis ; Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection
Authors: Zhou Zhou | Zhuohui Zhou | Hongfei Cheng
Source: Nanomaterials (article, 2026-02-25)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Composition and Structural Design of Magnetic Alloy/Composites for High-Performance Microwave Absorption: A Review Magnetic metals are of considerable importance for stealth technology and electromagnetic pollution control. However, they suffer from inherent limitations, such as the Snoek limit and narrow absorption bandwidth, which restrict their applications in complex scenarios. To address these challenges, this review systematically summarizes the recent advances of magnetic metal-based microwave-absorbing materials (MAMs), focusing on four core directions: alloy design, composite engineering, structural regulation, and preparation technology. The intensity and frequency bands of absorption in alloys are dictated by the material's composition as well as its structural attributes. Moreover, composite systems incorporating carbon materials, MXenes, oxides, ceramics, and conductive polymers are discussed, where the synergistic design of components optimizes impedance matching and loss mechanisms. Key structural design strategies include core-shell structures, interface engineering, self-assembled hierarchical structures, and macroscopic structural design. These structures achieve the synergistic improvement of thin, lightweight, broadband, and strong absorption performance by enhancing interface polarization, multiple scattering, and resonance effects, while endowing materials with excellent environmental stability. Notably, metamaterial-based designs can further achieve an ultrawide bandwidth spanning 0.3-18 GHz. Additionally, preparation processes are crucial for regulating the microstructure and activating loss mechanisms. This review aims to offer theoretical and practical insights for developing high-performance, multifunctional magnetic MAMs. Microwave ; Composite number ; Impedance matching ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Microstructure ; Electrical conductor ; Electrical impedance ; Material Design ; Reflection loss Electromagnetic wave absorption materials ; MXene and MAX Phase Materials ; Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications
Authors: Zhao‐Xing Gao | Wenfei Wang | M. Xu | Shuai‐Hua Wang | Fa‐Kun Zheng | Guo‐Cong Guo
Source: Aggregate (article, 2026-02-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Noncovalent Interaction‐Mediated Space Charge Transition Facilitated Isolated Copper(I)‐Iodide Clusters: Enabling High‐Resolution X‐Ray Imaging and Dynamic Encryption ABSTRACT The exploration of solvent‐driven reversible structural transformation in clusters is crucial for advanced stimulus‐responsive optical applications and understanding of structure‐property relationships. Herein, we report a solvent‐driven reversible transformation between two copper(I) clusters: [Cu(totp)(CH 3 CN) 3 ][Cu 2 I 3 (totp)(DPPPy)]·CH 3 CN 1 and Cu 4 I 4 (DPPPy) 2 ·0.5CH 2 Cl 2 2 (totp = tri‐o‐tolylphosphine, DPPPy = 2‐[diphenylphosphino]pyridine). X‐ray radioluminescence and encryption applications were studied based on structure‐dependent photophysical properties difference. The noncovalent interaction‐mediated space charge transition between isolated ion units of 1 enables more efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence by reverse intersystem crossing, accounting for structure‐dependent luminescence. Notably, compared to 2 , 1 exhibits a higher scintillation light yield of 14832 photons MeV −1 , exceeding that of the commercial scintillator Bi 4 Ge 3 O 12 (8000 photons MeV −1 ), and a low X‐ray detection limit of 22.49 nGy s −1 , far below the typical diagnostic dose (5.5 µGy s −1 ). Furthermore, scintillating film fabricated by 1 achieves X‐ray imaging with a high spatial resolution of 16 lp/mm. The reversible structural interconversion enables solvent‐responsive luminescent switches, and thus, the dynamic encryption system capable of multistage decryption was developed. This work not only offers new insight into solvent‐regulated clusters transformations but also provides a promising strategy for developing high‐performance copper(I) clusters‐based scintillators and stimulus‐responsive optical devices. Radioluminescence ; Scintillator ; Luminescence ; Photon ; Encryption ; Scintillation ; Fluorescence Nanocluster Synthesis and Applications ; Magnetism in coordination complexes ; Inorganic Chemistry and Materials
Authors: Hatice Yuncu | Ebru Bozkurt | Hayrunnisa Nadaroglu
Source: Arabian Journal of Chemistry (article, 2026-03-07)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Investigation of the use of carbon dots from <i>Euphorbia amygdaloides</i> for the detection of aflatoxin B1 Carbon dots (CDs) are generally stable, hydrophilic, and biocompatible structures. For this reason, EA-CDs were synthesized using the Euphorbia amygdaloides (EA) plant using a non-toxic and environmentally friendly pyrolysis technique. The obtained EA-CDs were characterized using both optical and instrumental techniques. While the optical properties were characterized by fluorescence measurements, it was determined that EA-CDs gave the highest emission intensity at 451.94 nm. Structural characterization was verified and confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. According to the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis results, it was revealed that EA-CDs have a spherical structure in the range of 2-10 nm. The effectiveness of different temperature and pH values on fluorescence and absorbance behavior of EA-CDs was also tested, and it was determined that they were sensitive to pH and stable against temperature changes. The usability of EA-CDs in the detection of AFB1 was determined to be usable in testing with 88% accuracy at low concentrations. Absorbance ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Fluorescence ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Carbon fibers ; Transmission electron microscopy ; Aflatoxin ; Fluorescence spectroscopy Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications ; Melamine detection and toxicity ; Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
Authors: Yiran Ma | Jerome Le Ny | Zhichao Chen | Zhihuan Song
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (article, 2026-04-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Towards Intrinsically Calibrated Uncertainty Quantification in Industrial Data-Driven Models via Diffusion Sampler In modern process industries, data-driven models are important tools for real-time monitoring when key performance indicators are difficult to measure directly. While accurate predictions are essential, reliable uncertainty quantification (UQ) is equally critical for safety, reliability, and decision-making, but remains a major challenge in current data-driven approaches. In this work, we introduce a diffusion-based posterior sampling framework that inherently produces well-calibrated predictive uncertainty via faithful posterior sampling, eliminating the need for post-hoc calibration. In extensive evaluations on synthetic distributions, the Raman-based phenylacetic acid soft sensor benchmark, and a real ammonia synthesis case study, our method achieves practical improvements over existing UQ techniques in both uncertainty calibration and predictive accuracy. These results highlight diffusion samplers as a principled and scalable paradigm for advancing uncertainty-aware modeling in industrial applications. Uncertainty quantification ; Calibration ; Measure (data warehouse) ; Uncertainty analysis ; Measurement uncertainty ; Sampling (signal processing) ; Process (computing) ; Scalability Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Fault Detection and Control Systems ; Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
Authors: Gen Fukuzawa | Yebin Lee | Teruyasu Mizoguchi
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (article, 2026-03-29)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Twist-Angle Engineering of Moiré Potentials for High-Performance Ionics in Bilayer Graphene Controlling ion transport is a fundamental challenge for advanced energy storage. Bilayer graphene offers a unique platform for modulating ion diffusion via twist-angle-dependent moire superlattices, yet conventional stacking configurations face an inherent trade-off: AA stacking provides stable Li intercalation but high diffusion barriers, while AB stacking enables fast diffusion but poor intercalation stability. Twisted bilayer graphene (tBLG) offers potential to overcome this limitation, yet systematic understanding across different twist angles remains limited. Here, we investigate Li intercalation in tBLG using first-principles density functional theory, evaluating intercalation energies and diffusion barriers across multiple twist angles through potential energy surface (PES) mapping. The Sigma 37 structure (9.43 degrees) simultaneously achieves the most favorable intercalation energy (-2.39 eV) and the lowest diffusion barrier (0.14 eV) among all structures examined, resolving the conventional stacking trade-off. Furthermore, using the Smooth Overlap of Atomic Positions (SOAP) descriptor, we demonstrate that the PES is governed by local atomic environments and that a model trained on limited structures predicts the PES of untested configurations with high accuracy. This transferability enables efficient screening without exhaustive first-principles calculations, establishing a systematic framework for twist-angle engineering of ion transport in two-dimensional layered materials. Stacking ; Intercalation (chemistry) ; Graphene ; Bilayer graphene ; Ion ; Diffusion ; Bilayer ; Density functional theory Graphene research and applications ; Advancements in Battery Materials ; Nanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies
Authors: Sikun Chen | Jiawei Li | Haidong Wang
Source: Low-Dimensional Materials (article, 2026-03-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Phonon Engineering in Two-Dimensional Materials for Thermal Devices Phonon engineering in two-dimensional (2D) materials provides a method to regulate heat transfer for information processing and thermal management beyond conventional electronics. In 2D materials, phonon spectra, mean free paths (MFPs) and scattering channels can be strongly modified by dimensionality, defects, interfaces and external fields. This review summarizes the thermal conductivity of representative 2D materials, and outlines the main experimental techniques used to measure thermal transport. It then discusses phonon engineering strategies in 2D materials, including asymmetric geometric design, defect engineering and chemical functionalization, van der Waals heterostructures, twist-angle moiré superlattices and external-field or strain-based modulation, highlighting how these approaches reshape phonon transport. The review also surveys thermal devices based on 2D materials, such as thermal rectifiers, thermal transistors, thermal memories and other functional elements for thermoacoustic generation, thermal camouflage and thermal sensing, and compares their operating principles and performance. Finally, this review identifies the remaining challenges for achieving integrated thermal circuits and practical applications, and emphasizes the need for deeper understanding of phonon transport, further optimization of device structures and wider use of data-driven approaches in materials and device design. Phonon ; Thermal conductivity ; Thermal ; Thermal engineering ; van der Waals force ; Thermal management of electronic devices and systems ; Electronic circuit ; Scattering ; Thermoelectric effect Thermal properties of materials ; Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices ; Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques