jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Chuyao Wang | Wenqi Wang | Jianheng Chen | Chi Yan Tso
Source: HKIE Transactions (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Concept and Performance Analysis of a Biodegradable Glass Film for Energy Efficiency and Daylighting Control Windows are essential building envelopes but often contribute to building energy consumption due to the direct solar heat gain. Retrofitting windows with glass films presents a simple yet effective energy-saving measure. However, conventional glass films pose environmental challenges post-disposal due to their non-biodegradability. In response to this issue, this paper proposes a degradable glass film utilising polylactic acid as the matrix material and incorporating pore and SiO2 as fillers. Initially, through Mie theory, the film's microstructure was optimised. The results indicate that the film achieves optimal solar transmittance and mid-infrared emissivity of 0.661 and 0.955, respectively, at a thickness of 100 μm, with a pore diameter and porosity of 9 μm and 6%, and SiO2 diameter and fill ratio of 10 μm and 20%. Subsequently, based on the optimised optical properties, the cooling load and daylighting performance post-application of this film were assessed. The calculations reveal a reduction in annual cooling load by 27%, with the percentages of time with acceptable glare level and illuminance uniformity increasing by up to 36% and 91%, respectively. The proposed concept opens new avenues for research of degradable glass films, presenting a promising direction for the advancement of sustainable building materials. Daylighting ; Transmittance ; Retrofitting ; Glass recycling ; Efficient energy use ; Illuminance ; Energy consumption ; Opacity ; Porosity Aerogels and thermal insulation ; Urban Heat Island Mitigation ; Building Energy and Comfort Optimization
Authors: Matthias Hempel
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (article, 2026-02-18)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Continuous and discontinuous realizations of first-order phase transitions First-order phase transitions are commonly associated with a discontinuous behavior of some of the thermodynamic variables and the presence of a latent heat. In the present study it is shown that this is not necessarily the case. Using standard thermodynamics, the general characteristics of phase transitions are investigated, considering an arbitrary number of conserved particle species and coexisting phases, and an arbitrary set of state variables. It is found that there exist two different possible types of realizations of a phase transition. In the first type, one has the immediate replacement of a single phase with another one. As a consequence, some of the global extensive variables indeed behave discontinuously. In the second type, one has instead the gradual (dis-) appearance of a single phase over a range of the state variables. This leads to a continuous behavior of the (global) basic thermodynamic variables. Furthermore, in this case it is not possible to define a latent heat in a trivial manner. It is derived that the latter (former) case happens if the number of extensive state variables used is larger or equal (lower) than the number of coexisting phases. The choice of the state variables thus place a crucial role for the qualitative properties of the phase transition. Phase transition ; Phase (matter) ; State (computer science) ; State variable ; Set (abstract data type) ; Range (aeronautics) ; Thermodynamic state ; Particle (ecology) Material Dynamics and Properties ; Solidification and crystal growth phenomena ; Theoretical and Computational Physics
Authors: Mateus A.R. Lima | Amanda C. S. N. Pessoa | Ademir Medeiros | Jorge Avendãno | Bruna C. Leopércio | Marcio S. Carvalho¹
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2026-02-10)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Controlling sodium silicate sol-gel transition time through encapsulation of hydrochloric acid using tunable polymeric microcapsules Sodium silicate gels are used in various applications due to their unique properties and tunable characteristics. Silicate gels can be formed by reducing the solution pH through acid activators, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl), leading to network formation. Sodium silicate gels are largely used in oil and gas production; one of the main applications is plugging fractures and high permeability zones during water injection. An efficient gel-based plugging requires precise placement of the gel, which is highly dependent on the gelation time. However, controlling gelation is challenging since it is influenced by several factors, such as pH, temperature, and ion concentration. Encapsulation and controlled release of the gelling agent (HCl) emerge as a strategy to control the start of the gelation process. This work discusses the use of polydimethylsiloxane microcapsules in controlling sodium silicate gelation by delaying the reaction inception, emphasizing the importance of microcapsule properties in this process. A new approach using a tensiometer with a Wilhelmy plate is used to measure gelation time. Results show that using encapsulated HCl in microcapsules with different shell properties, such as shell thickness and stiffness, led to different gelation kinetics. By controlling the microcapsules properties, sol-gel transition time varied from a few minutes to over 90 h. Sodium silicate ; Hydrochloric acid ; Polydimethylsiloxane ; Silicate ; Sodium ; Permeability (electromagnetism) ; Oleic acid Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition ; Drilling and Well Engineering ; Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques
Authors: Zhihao Liu | Zhong Fang | Hongming Weng | Quansheng Wu
Source: npj Computational Materials (article, 2026-01-27)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Colossal magnetoresistance and unusual resistivity behaviors in magnetic semiconductors: Mn3Si2Te6 as a case study Colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) is typically observed in manganites and magnetic semiconductors, marked by a resistivity peak near the magnetic transition temperature that is significantly suppressed by an applied magnetic field, commonly referred to as peak-type CMR. This type of CMR has attracted extensive research efforts over the past decades. However, in some materials such as Mn3Si2Te6, both peak-type and upturn-type CMR coexist—the latter characterized by a sharp resistivity upturn at low temperatures that is also strongly suppressed by an external field. Research on the coexistence of these two types of CMR remains relatively unexplored. In our work, we propose a theoretical framework to unravel the mechanisms underlying the above mentioned CMR phenomenon in magnetic semiconductors, and apply it to the ferrimagnetic semiconductor Mn3Si2Te6. The experimentally observed ρ(B, T) behaviors are accurately reproduced, including the upturn-type CMR, peak-type CMR, and movement of Tc (or resistivity peak) with fields. Additionally, the suppression of Tc and resistivity with increasing direct currents, possibly associated with current control of the chiral orbital current (COC) state in the previous work, can also be reproduced within our framework by properly accounting for the Joule heating effects. Our work provides a new perspective for quantitatively calculating and analyzing the unusual resistivity responses to temperature, field, and current in magnetic semiconductors. Electrical resistivity and conductivity ; Magnetoresistance ; Ferrimagnetism ; Colossal magnetoresistance ; Giant magnetoresistance ; Magnetization ; Current (fluid) ; Ferromagnetism Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials ; Multiferroics and related materials ; ZnO doping and properties
Authors: Eveline Mayner | Yaroslav Zhumagulov | Cristian de Giorgio | Feihong Chu | Prabhu Prasad Swain | Georg E. Fantner | András Kis | Oleg V. Yazyev | Aleksandra Rađenović
Source: ArXiv.org (article, 2026-02-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Energy-Transfer-Enhanced Emission and Quantum Sensing of VB- Defects in hBN-PbI2 Heterostructures Spin defects in two-dimensional materials hold significant potential for quantum information technologies and sensing applications. The negatively charged boron vacancy (VB-) in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has attracted considerable attention as a quantum sensor due to its demonstrated sensitivity to temperature, magnetic fields, and pressure.1 However, its applications have thus far been limited by inherently dim photoluminescence (PL). By fabricating a van der Waals heterostructure with a sensitizing donor layer, lead iodide (PbI2), we effectively enhance the PL intensity from the VB- by 5-45x, while maintaining compatibility with other heterostructures and vdW optoelectronic platforms. The type-I band alignment at the heterojunction enables efficient exciton migration while suppressing back-electron transfer, and the strong spectral overlap between the PbI2 emission and defect absorption supports efficient fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Ab initio density functional theory (DFT) predicts a photon-ratcheting mechanism that boosts absorption and emission while maintaining magnetic resonance (ODMR) contrast through minimal hybridization. Experimentally, the heterostructure exhibits enhanced continuous-wave ODMR sensitivity and functions as a precise probe of external magnetic fields. This work establishes a proof-of-concept for amplifying weak defect signals in nanomaterials, highlighting a new strategy for engineering their optical and magnetic responses. Heterojunction ; Photoluminescence ; Exciton ; van der Waals force ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Quantum dot ; Magnetic field ; Ab initio Graphene research and applications ; 2D Materials and Applications ; Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
Authors: Yuxuan Wang | Xiaoxia Song
Source: Industria Textila (article, 2026-03-03)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Design of weft-knitted spacer fabrics: impact of fabric structure parameters on thermal-wet comfort and cushioning performance Weft-knitted spacer fabrics are characterised by their lightweight nature, thermal insulation, air permeability, and elasticity. To explore their application potential in garment fabric development, this study proposes a novel weft-knitting process based on traditional spacer fabric knitting techniques, which incorporates functional yarns into the spacer layer. Based on this process, the influence of varying fabric structures, including the spacer layer structure, the number of spacer layers, and the type of reinforcing yarn, on the thermal-wet comfort and cushioning properties of weft-knitted spacer fabrics is analysed. A three-factor, three-level orthogonal experiment was designed to produce 9 fabric samples, which were tested for compressibility, air permeability, moisture permeability, and thermal insulation. Variance analysis of the test data reveals the relative significance of the three factors. Experimental results indicate that the structure of the spacer layer has the most significant impact on fabric performance, followed by the type of reinforcement yarn, while the number of spacer layers has a relatively minor effect. Furthermore, during the compression tests, the compression stress-strain curves were fitted and differentiated to analyse the cushioning performance of the spacer fabrics based on the trends observed in these curves. The experimental findings reveal that the compressibility of the fabric is inversely proportional to its cushioning properties. Cushioning ; Compression (physics) ; Compressibility ; Woven fabric ; Compression test ; Thermal Textile materials and evaluations ; Structural Analysis and Optimization ; Dyeing and Modifying Textile Fibers
Authors: Margarida Oliveira | Renata Ferreira | A M P Almeida | Annabel Fernandes | Fátima Carvalho | Alexandra Afonso
Source: Water (article, 2026-02-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Valorization of Treated Olive Mill Wastewater and Olive Pits in Hydroponic Systems for Lettuce Production Significant volumes of wastewater and solid by-products are produced by olive oil industries worldwide, posing serious environmental challenges. This study presents an innovative circular economy and environmental sustainability approach that simultaneously valorizes liquid (olive mill wastewater, OMW) and solid by-products (crushed olive pits) rom olive oil production through hydroponic lettuce cultivation. The OMW was pretreated and supplemented with nutrients (OMW-N) to create a hydroponic solution for lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cultivation using crushed olive pits as growing substrate. A hydroponic system fed with a nutritive solution was used as a control. Lettuces grown in the OMW-N system achieved a 100% survival rate with no signs of phytotoxicity, although they exhibited a significant reduction in fresh mass (approx. 66%) and size, compared to the control. The sensory analysis revealed no significant differences in consumer acceptance, except for slightly lower color intensity, with 40% of participants explicitly indicating a purchase preference for the OMW-N lettuce, validating its commercial feasibility. Results demonstrated that OMW-N system functioned as a tertiary treatment, achieving additional removal of nutrients. Overall, integrating treated OMW and olive pits into hydroponics is a feasible strategy to convert agro-industrial waste into value-added food products, reducing the environmental footprint of the olive sector. Hydroponics ; Olive oil ; Wastewater ; Nutrient ; Olive trees ; Sustainability ; Mill Edible Oils Quality and Analysis ; Innovations in Aquaponics and Hydroponics Systems ; Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods
Authors: Ahmet Güngör | İpek Deniz Yıldırım | Aybike Paksoy | Emre Erdem | Özge Balcı-Çağıran
Source: Journal of Power Sources (article, 2026-03-27)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Role of defects in enhancing the supercapacitive performance of HfB2–HfC composite Dielectric spectroscopy ; Faraday efficiency ; Supercapacitor ; Composite number ; Cyclic voltammetry ; Capacitance ; Passivation ; Spectroscopy Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication ; Advancements in Battery Materials ; MXene and MAX Phase Materials
Authors: Zineb Mahcène | Sara Hasni | Nassima Hadri | Zakaria Brahimi | Mohamed Bilal Goudjil
Source: Acta periodica technologica (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Valorisation of olive pomace through characterisation of phenolic compounds’ antioxidant efficacy and inhibition of lipase and α-amylase enzymes Olive pomace is one of the most important wastes of the olive oil industry, and this abundance of pomace leads to environmental pollution and potential harm to human health. Therefore, there is a critical need for evaluating and valorizing this waste product, which contains intriguing compounds. This research examines the antioxidant activity of olive pomace's phenolic compounds, as well as their role in inhibiting ?-amylase and pancreatic lipase, potentially preventing diabetes and obesity. Analysis of olive pomace revealed that it consists primarily of high dry matter (98.147?0.203%) and moisture content (1.828?0.211%), a result of the conditions of olive oil extraction. The olive pomace was also found to be rich in minerals (19.282?2.212%), organic substances (81.227? 3.613%), especially acids, and residual fats (15.643 ? 2.121%), but a small quantity of sugars (0.617?0.147mg/g). Quantitative estimation of these compounds revealed that aqueous, acidic, and ethanolic extracts of olive pomace contain high concentrations of flavonoids (8.635 ? 0.716 and 9.120 ? 0.434 mg (QEA), respectively), indicating that they may possess significant antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of the phenolic compounds was evaluated using three assays: DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP. The results indicated that these compounds have significant antioxidant activity at low concentrations (0.327?0.053 to 4.074?0.233 mg/ml). Additionally, these phenolic compound exhibit potent inhibitory effects against salivary ?-amylase and pancreatic lipase at low concentrations (0.74?0.155 to 1.404?0.301mg/ml). Based on the findings of this study, the olive pomace extract's phenolic compounds appear to possess potent antioxidant and digestive enzyme inhibitory properties. These properties suggest that these compounds have the potential to serve as a natural and effective alternative to synthetic antioxidants in various applications, as well as an effective means of preventing and treating diabetes and obesity. Pomace ; Antioxidant ; Lipase ; Olive oil ; Environmental pollution ; Enzyme ; Phenols Edible Oils Quality and Analysis ; Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities ; Botanical Research and Applications
Authors: Veselina Dimitrova | Ventsislav Dimitrov | Georgi Tonkov | Konstantin Venediktov Raykov | Sylvester Bozherikov | Rumen Yankov | Gergana Tonkova
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2026-02-14)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Reliability-Oriented Analytical Framework for Fragment-Resistant Multilayer Protective Equipment Under Impulsive Loading This paper presents a reliability-oriented analytical framework for the quantitative assessment of fragment-resistant multilayer protective equipment subjected to impulsive fragment loading. The study is motivated by the stochastic nature of fragment generation and impact conditions in industrial and occupational accident scenarios, where deterministic penetration criteria are insufficient to describe protective performance. Fragment interactions are modelled as stochastic spatial events, with impact locations and kinematic characteristics treated as random variables and mapped onto a predefined protected region. System failure is formulated using an energy-based limit-state criterion defined by comparison between the absorbed energy demand induced by fragment impact and a critical admissible energy threshold. The fragment–PPE interaction is described using a reduced-order dynamic formulation with concentrated parameters, capturing the dominant normal deformation response under short-duration impulsive loading. Closed-form analytical expressions are derived that relate fragment mass and velocity to impact impulse and absorbed energy. The resulting formulation establishes a direct link between impulse-driven dynamic response, progressive multilayer engagement, and failure probability under single and repeated impact events. Application of the proposed framework to a representative multilayer protective configuration demonstrates physically consistent reliability trends and confirms its computational efficiency. The framework provides a practical tool for reliability-informed assessment and preliminary design of fragment-resistant multilayer protective equipment. Impulse (physics) ; Reliability (semiconductor) ; Kinematics ; Fragment (logic) ; Penetration (warfare) ; Stochastic process ; Stochastic modelling High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Structural Response to Dynamic Loads ; Transportation Safety and Impact Analysis
Authors: Tilen Berglez | Boštjan Genorio | Goran Dražić | Jurij Reščič | Klemen Bohinc
Source: Repository of the University of Ljubljana (University of Ljubljana) (article, 2026-01-09)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Role of ion size and hydration in competitive adsorption of alkaline earth metals on TiO$_2$ nanoparticles Interactions between alkaline earth metal cations (M$^{2+}$) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiNPs) critically influence the TiNP surface charge and colloidal stability in biological and environmental systems. Here, we systematically investigate how the cation size, hydration, and concentration affect the interfacial adsorption of Mg$^{2+}$, Ca$^{2+}$, Sr$^{2+}$, and Ba$^{2+}$ on TiNPs. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy provide direct evidence of cation adsorption on the TiNP surface and reveal ion-specific differences in binding extent and distribution. Zeta potential measurements across a broad pH and concentration range further demonstrate that adsorption increases with cation molar mass and leads to pronounced overcharging of the TiNP surface─an effect that is strongly ion-specific and concentration-dependent. To interpret these experimental findings at the molecular level, molecular dynamics simulations were used to identify binding sites, compute potential of mean force (PMF) profiles, and estimate adsorption free energies, providing insight into ion-specific cation–surface interactions. We find that elevated concentrations of background monovalent salt significantly reduce the level of M$^{2+}$ adsorption, highlighting the importance of competitive adsorption at the nanoparticle–water interface. These results elucidate key factors governing TiNP surface chemistry in complex aqueous environments and inform the design of nanomaterials for biological and ecological applications. Adsorption ; Nanoparticle ; Nanomaterials ; Zeta potential ; Surface charge ; Alkaline earth metal ; Aqueous solution ; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ; Metal Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Diatoms and Algae Research ; Iron oxide chemistry and applications
Authors: Elia Pederzani | Lucrezia Moro | Alessia Sofia Bolandrina | Sara Rega | Gianluca Lorenzo Perrucci | Gianfranco Beniamino Fiore | Monica Soncini
Source: Bioengineering (article, 2026-02-14)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

An Automated Modular Platform for Vascular Graft Assessment via Coronary-like Flow-Induced Stimulation Tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) represent a promising alternative for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, replicating the mechanical and biological complexity of native vessels remains a major challenge. Compliance mismatch, local hemodynamics, and insufficient endothelialization are recognized as key contributors to maladaptive remodeling and graft failure. These limitations highlight the urgent need for advanced experimental platforms and standardized physical stimulation procedures to investigate these underlying biomechanisms and support the development of more effective TEVGs. In this work, we present an automated, modular platform designed to quantitatively characterize graft compliance and replicate coronary hemodynamics. The system integrates automated experimental procedures within a modular, incubator-compatible design, enabling an intuitive setup and real-time monitoring of physical parameters. Its modular architecture and dedicated control algorithms provide high adaptability, enabling its application across a broad range of experimental conditions. Bench testing demonstrates that the platform can automatically reproduce the pressure regimes defined by ISO standard and generate coronary-like flow-induced stimuli. These results confirm the innovative capability of the system to provide controlled and physiologically relevant conditions suitable for the investigation of key phenomena involved in CABG failure. In perspective, the platform offers a valuable tool for advanced mechanobiological studies in vascular tissue engineering. Modular design ; Key (lock) ; Bypass grafting ; Preclinical testing ; Compliance (psychology) ; Bench to bedside Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Coronary Interventions and Diagnostics ; 3D Printing in Biomedical Research