jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Yihao Jiang | Lei Liang | Hu Zheng | Zhangfeng Ding | Zhibiao Yu
Source: Applied Sciences (article, 2025-09-04)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Quantitative Proteomics Based on Data-Independent Acquisition Reveals Differential Protein Expression in Sika Deer Antler-Derived Traditional Chinese Medicine Across Different Growth Periods Deer antler-derived medicinal materials, including antler velvet, antlers, and deer antler base, exhibit differential therapeutic efficacy across developmental stages, though their molecular mechanisms at the proteomic level remain uncharacterized. This study employed Data-Independent Acquisition (DIA) quantitative proteomics to systematically analyze protein profiles in sika deer antler velvet, antlers, and deer antler base. Comparative analysis revealed 3154 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs, 95% upregulated) between antler velvet and antlers, which were significantly enriched in Ribosome Biogenesis (e.g., Polyadenylate-binding protein), oxidative phosphorylation, and neurodegenerative disease pathways. In the comparison of deer antler base versus antlers, 1024 DEPs (92% upregulated) were identified, primarily involved in proteolysis (e.g., ACTC protein), glycolysis, and complement and coagulation cascades. Between deer antler base and antler velvet, 2749 DEPs (87% downregulated) were enriched in Thioredoxin domains, cytoskeleton regulation, and RNA-binding functions. Subcellular localization demonstrated antler velvet proteins predominantly distributed in the cytoplasm (37.6%) and nucleus (19.6%), while deer antler base proteins showed marked enrichment in extracellular regions (19.7%) and cytoskeletal components. As the first comprehensive proteomic characterization of these materials, this study identifies ribosomal proteins and complement pathway-related proteins as key biomarkers, thus establishing a scientific foundation for precise authentication, quality control, and efficacy–mechanism interpretation of deer antler-derived medicines. It further highlights antler velvet’s neuroprotective potential and deer antler base’s immunomodulatory applications. Antler ; Protein expression ; Biology ; Proteomics ; Computational biology ; Expression (computer science) ; Computer science ; Ecology ; Genetics ; Gene Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms ; Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
Authors: Piotr Pszczółkowski | Barbara Sawicka | Piotr Barbaś
Source: Preprints.org (preprint, 2025-09-12)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

The Use of Ultrasound in the Food Industry: An Innovative Method for Processing Potato Tubers to Improve Final Product Quality Modern agriculture aims to reduce the use of pesticides in favor of methods that provide high-quality raw materials for the agri-food industry. This study aimed to determine how using ultrasound in an aquatic environment to treat potato tubers before planting affects them. A three-year field experiment was conducted in central-eastern Poland using the randomized sub-block method in a dependent design, split-plot, in three replications. The main factor studied was the cultivation technology: (a) with ultrasonic treatment of the seed potatoes before planting, and (b) a traditional method without this treatment. The second-order factor was eight edible potato varieties of different earli-ness classes. After harvest, the effect of this method on the quality parameters of the raw material and second order obtained from it were assessed. Sonification helped improve the processing quality of potato tubers. Chips made from sonicated tubers had a lighter color, better overall appearance, and superior taste compared to those from traditionally grown tubers. They also showed less discoloration and had fewer wet spots. The results of the study suggest that ultrasonic treatment of seed potatoes can be an effective method of enhancing the quality of raw material for processing. Further research should focus on the optimization of sonication parameters and the economic analysis of its implementation on an industrial scale. Sonification of potato tubers is a promising, innovative technology with high application potential in the food industry, allowing for the improvement of the quality of the raw material and the finished product (chips) while supporting sustainable agriculture. Raw material ; Quality (philosophy) ; Sowing ; Sonication ; Product (mathematics) ; Ultrasonic sensor ; Agriculture ; Final product Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Potato Plant Research
Source: BSU- Journal of Chemistry and Material Sciences (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

PLANNING AND ORGANIZING INTEGRATIVETEACHING IN 8TH GRADE CHEMISTRY LESSONS This article examines the principles and practical considerations of planning and organizing integrative teaching in 8th grade chemistry lessons.Integrative teaching, which emphasizes connections between chemistry and other disciplines such as biology, geography, and technology, provides a more comprehensive and context-based understanding of scientific concepts.The study explores how interdisciplinary lesson planning enhances students' engagement, critical thinking, and ability to apply chemical knowledge to real-life situations.Key strategies discussed include curriculum alignment, thematic lesson design, collaborative instruction, and the use of real-world problems to anchor learning.By implementing integrative methods, educators can foster deeper comprehension, promote curiosity, and support the development of scientific literacy among students.The findings contribute to current educational discourse by offering a framework for creating more meaningful and interconnected learning experiences in secondary science education. Mathematics education ; Chemistry ; Engineering ethics ; Engineering ; Psychology Various Chemistry Research Topics ; Science Education and Pedagogy ; Education and Technology Integration
Authors: Eman Yosrey | Heba Elmansi | Shereen Shalan | Jenny Jeehan Nasr
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-12-05)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

GLANCE-aided snapshotting for sustainable integration of synchronous spectrofluorimetry and micellar boosting for nanoscale assay of tolterodine binary mixtures in crucial matrices Tolterodine tartrate (TLD) has recently demonstrated remarkable synergism when combined with either of two α<sub>1</sub>-adrenergic antagonists, doxazosin mesilate (DXZ) or terazosin hydrochloride dihydrate (TRZ), for treating urinary tract issues. Herein, a sustainability-oriented approach is adopted for integrating constant wavelength synchronous fluorescence with micellar augmentation for ultra-trace tracking of TLD in combination with DXZ (mixture I) or TRZ (mixture II). The designed protocol relies chiefly on exploiting sodium dodecyl sulfate as a biodegradable fluorescence enhancer and water as an eco-friendly diluting solvent, maintaining a fixed wavelength difference (Δλ = 20 nm) to record the drugs' signals. Under optimal experimental conditions, favorable linearity at the nano level was achieved over concentration ranges of 20.0-200.0, 5.0-50.0, and 5.0-50.0 ng mL⁻<sup>1</sup>, with remarkable LOD (1.25, 0.90, and 0.73 ng mL⁻<sup>1</sup>) and LOQ (3.78, 2.73, and 2.20 ng mL⁻<sup>1</sup>) levels for TLD, DXZ, and TRZ, respectively. The methodology effectively evaluated the cited drugs per se, in their laboratory-prepared mixtures, and in dosage form, without impediments from one another or the tablet excipients. The outstanding ultra-sensitivity of the developed strategy permitted concurrent minute analysis of the targeted drugs in human plasma, with acceptable standard deviation (SD) values ≤ 2.40. Additionally, exceptional analytical performance has been demonstrated for the nominated medications in two environmental samples with SD values ranging from 0.59 to 1.57. The proposed work prioritizes sustainability principles by excluding harsh chemicals and convoluted procedures, constituting a cornerstone of the design. These principles were checked using: MoGAPI, AGREE, CACI, RGBfast, RAPI, and BAGI. Interestingly, the cutting-edge GLANCE tool was employed to display a quick snapshot of the framework aspects in a well-organized template, without digging into overwhelming datasets. The outcomes demonstrated the excellence of the designed methodology over reported approaches, offering proficient sensitivity, sustainability, facility, and practicability across diverse crucial matrices. These findings provide compelling evidence that the proposed work serves as an efficient, eco-friendly quantification tool for use in quality control, biological, and environmental sectors, fostering a more eco-conscious and sustainable scientific community. Sodium dodecyl sulfate ; Fluorescence ; Tolterodine ; Ternary operation ; Aqueous solution ; Capillary electrophoresis Photochemistry and Electron Transfer Studies ; Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies ; Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Zainab A. Abid Alreda
Source: International journal of medical science and pharmaceutical research. (article, 2025-07-28)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Spectrophotometric Methods for Paracetamol Determination in Pharmaceutical Formulations: A Concise Analytical Review Paracetamol is a widely used medicine that helps with pain and lowers fever. Spectroscopic techniques are popular because they are easy to use and not too costly. This review examines the most common spectroscopic methods used to test paracetamol. It explains how each method works, when it is used, and how they compare to each other. It also checks whether these methods meet the standards required for use in medicine and hospitals. The review includes articles and reports from 2015 to 2025, covering studies on direct UV-Visible spectroscopy, derivative spectroscopy, ratio and difference spectroscopy, and methods that rely on color changes. These methods were tested against ICH validation standards to make sure they are accurate. They have been proven to work well in testing paracetamol in various medicines and in body fluids like blood and urine. They are sensitive, give consistent results, and are easy to use. Derivative and color-based methods are especially helpful in more complex situations or when medicines interact with each other. Spectroscopic methods are still a good option for testing paracetamol because they are flexible and simple. It is recommended that these methods be used more in medicine and hospitals. Future studies should explore using them with new technologies like nanotechnology or computer-based tools to make them even better for complex situations. Chromatography ; Chemistry ; Biochemical engineering ; Computer science ; Engineering Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Authors: Wojciech Plucinski | Ziemowit Malecha | Krzysztof Tomczuk
Source: Archives of Electrical Engineering (article, 2025-02-10)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Evaluation of the influence of temperaturę on the parameters of the Jiles–Atherton model and magnetization curves of a 50% Fe–Ni type alloy This paper presents an original method for defining the magnetization characteristics of a 50% iron-nickel alloy as functions of ambient temperature. The presented method, based on Jiles–Atherton theory, reduces the cost and time needed to build a multifactor theoretical model of a ferromagnetic material in relation to temperature. The determination of the J-A equation parameters, which are crucial to obtain theoretical magnetization characteristics that are consistent with the real ones, is always challenging due to the imperfection of the J-A model. The authors focused on determining the temperature dependent magnetization characteristics DC in the range of low magnetic field strength. Based on the results of the experiment, the relationships between temperature and parameters of the basic J-Amodelwere determined and discussed. The study was carried out for a wide temperature range often specified for high-performance electrical or electromechanical devices. The data presented and the method described can be successfully used to build Multiphysics models of magnetic phenomena. Based on the available knowledge, material data for the 50% Fe–Ni alloy, treated without a H2 reducing atmosphere, has not yet been published in the universal form presented by the authors. The presented data and relationships between physical quantities were verified and confirmed experimentally. The presented measurement method is consistent with the industry standard IEC 60404-4. Alloy ; Magnetization ; Materials science ; Type (biology) ; Condensed matter physics ; Metallurgy ; Physics ; Geology ; Magnetic field Magnetic Properties and Applications ; Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels ; Induction Heating and Inverter Technology
Authors: P.N.   Remya | Ramya  Madhiri | Mithul  V. Mammen | Saswati  Panigrahi | Suvarna  P. Phadatare | Deshpande Padmanabh  Bhagwan
Source: Journal of Carcinogenesis (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Sorafenib Loaded Nanoemulsion for Improved Oral Delivery and Therapeutic Efficacy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Background: Sorafenib is a clinically approved multikinase inhibitor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, its oral bioavailability is limited due to poor solubility and extensive first-pass metabolism. Nanoemulsion-based delivery offers a promising strategy to enhance solubility, drug retention, and therapeutic efficacy. Objective: The present study aimed to develop and optimize Sorafenib-loaded nanoemulsions for improved oral delivery and sustained release in HCC therapy. Methods: Sorafenib nanoemulsions were prepared using spontaneous emulsification with Capryol® 90 as oil, Tween® 80 as surfactant, and Transcutol® P as co-surfactant. Formulation variables (oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant concentrations) were optimized using a Design of Experiments (DoE) approach to achieve maximum encapsulation efficiency, controlled particle size, and sustained drug release. Characterization included particle size analysis, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro drug release studies. Results: The optimized nanoemulsion (F-16) contained 15% Capryol® 90, 20% Tween® 80, and 9.372% Transcutol® P, with predicted responses of 92.85% encapsulation efficiency, 183.92 µm particle size, and 78.70% cumulative drug release. Experimental evaluation closely matched predictions, with values of 91.85 ± 0.4%, 180.75 ± 1.5 µm, and 76.25 ± 0.6%, respectively, demonstrating excellent model reliability. Comparative analysis with marketed Sorafenib capsules (Nexavar®) revealed superior encapsulation, smaller particle size, and enhanced drug release for the nanoemulsion, indicating improved oral delivery potential. Conclusion: The study successfully demonstrates that Sorafenib-loaded nanoemulsions offer a robust and optimized platform for oral delivery, with enhanced solubility, controlled release, and potential for improved therapeutic efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment Sorafenib ; Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Bioavailability ; Drug ; Drug delivery ; Pharmacokinetics ; Oral administration ; Therapeutic effect Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Curcumin's Biomedical Applications ; Cancer Mechanisms and Therapy
Authors: Şevki EREN | Doğan Yaşar | Selahattin Güzelküçük | Gökhan EKİNCİOĞLU | Yunus Karataş
Source: Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi (article, 2025-10-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Effect of Colemanite Concentrator Waste (CW) Substitution in Cement-Based Mortars on the Gamma-Ray Shielding Performance, Mechanical and Physical Properties This study investigates the influence of colemanite concentrator waste (CW) as a cement substitute on the gamma-ray shielding performance, mechanical, and physical properties of mortars. Mortar mixtures were prepared with varying CW proportions, and their consistency, setting time, compressive strength, pulse velocity, and water absorption were determined. Microstructural analysis using SEM and experimental gamma-ray (Cs-137-662 keV) shielding tests were also conducted. Results indicate that increasing CW substitution generally led to decreased compressive strength and increased total water absorption, consistency, and setting time. Notably, mixtures with CW content exceeding 5 wt% experienced disintegration during curing, primarily attributed to the significant retardation of cement hydration by boron compounds. For radiation shielding, despite the lower density of CW influencing overall bulk density, the presence of higher atomic number elements in colemanite demonstrated a positive contribution to gamma-ray attenuation. Specifically, at the lowest material thicknesses, the lead equivalent levels for CW2.5 and CW5 mortars were measured as 0.64 mmPb and 0.70 mmPb, respectively, revealing a clear radiation attenuation effect compared to the control. These findings highlight the potential of colemanite concentrator waste as a promising lead-free material for radiation shielding applications in cement-based composites. Electromagnetic shielding ; Compressive strength ; Radiation shielding ; Mortar ; Concentrator ; Boron ; Absorption of water Radiation Shielding Materials Analysis ; Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies ; Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
Authors: Chin-An Ku | Cheng-Hao Chiu | C. Yu | Chuan-Yi Yang | Chen-Kuei Chung
Source: Sensors (article, 2025-12-25)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

A High-Regularity Porous SERS Substrate Prepared by Two-Step Mild and Hard Anodization for Sorbic Acid Detection Traditional colloid SERS substrates are mostly based on metal nanoparticles (MNPs), which have complex and time-consuming fabrication processes, poor structural control, and are susceptible to oxidation. As a result, solid-state SERS substrates have emerged as an effective alternative. Here, we propose using two-step mild and hard anodization to fabricate ordered anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) substrates with high total pore circumference for SERS detection. Hybrid pulse anodization (HPA) enables the fabrication of AAO at room temperature using 40 V in the first step and 40, 110, and 120 V in the second step of anodization. The different voltages applied in the second step effectively control the pore diameter, thereby achieving various nanostructures. The enhancement mechanism primarily originates from the high total pore circumference of nanostructures, which generates abundant hot spots around the pore peripherals, thereby significantly amplifying the SERS signal. Sorbic acid is a common preservative widely used in food products and employed as a test substance on high regularity AAO substrates at concentrations of 1000 ppm to 10 ppb. The resulting SERS spectra exhibited distinct characteristic peaks at 1640-1645 cm<sup>-1</sup>. The analytical enhancement factor is calculated as 1.02 × 10<sup>5</sup> at the AAO substrate prepared by 110 V with the Si substrate as the reference. By appropriately tuning the process parameters, a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 10 ppb of sorbic acid was achieved. Anodizing ; Sorbic acid ; Substrate (aquarium) ; Fabrication ; Nanoparticle ; Detection limit ; Porosity ; Nanopore ; Metal Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Anodic Oxide Films and Nanostructures ; Nanoporous metals and alloys
Authors: Jumaa Khalil Al-kafawein | Mohammed Al-Hilal
Source: Journal of Curriculum and Teaching (article, 2025-02-07)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Assessing Students' Progress in Chemistry: Using Multiple-Choice Questions and Performance-Based Assessments This article aims to investigate the progress of preparatory year students in a single-quarter chemistry course at King Faisal University, using multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and performance-based assessments. The article evaluates students' conceptual understanding and application of chemistry concepts, compares the effectiveness of these assessment methods, and identifies areas for instructional improvement. The results of MCQs showed significant improvement in conceptual understanding throughout the quarter, with average scores steadily increasing. Performance-based assessments, such as projects, demonstrated enhanced problem-solving and application skills, consistently producing higher scores than MCQs. Moreover, comparative analysis highlighted the complementary nature of these methods in evaluating students’ proficiency. In addition, interviewing students provided additional insights and emphasized the importance of a balanced assessment approach. The study concludes that integrating traditional and performance-based assessments effectively captures students’ progress in chemistry. Recommendations include diversifying assessment formats and using technology to increase evaluation practices. Future research should explore larger sample sizes and additional instructional contexts to refine assessment strategies. Mathematics education ; Computer science ; Management science ; Chemistry ; Psychology ; Engineering Various Chemistry Research Topics ; Engineering Education and Pedagogy ; Engineering Education and Curriculum Development
Authors: Evi Sulastri | Niken Nur Kasim | Asia Arifin | Sylvia Sjam
Source: Journal of Agriculture (article, 2025-07-31)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Biopesticide of the Mixture of Crescentia Cujete and Calotropis Gigantea to Control Spodoptera Frugiperda J.E Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Biopesticides offer an environmentally friendly alternative for pest management. In Indonesia, Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), or fall armyworm, is a major pest affecting maize by damaging the apical meristem and upper leaves. This study evaluated a biopesticide formulated from a mixture of Crescentia cujete fruit and Calotropis gigantea leaf extracts on the population and damage severity of S. frugiperda. A completely randomized design with three treatments (P1: 5%, P2: 2.5%, and P3: 0%/control) and three replicates was used. Additionally, a farmer's practice using synthetic pesticides was included for comparison. Applications were carried out weekly, and observations were conducted on pest population and leaf damage severity, assessed using a 1–9 Davis scale. ANOVA followed by LSD (5%) and regression analysis were used for statistical evaluation. The results showed that the 5% extract (P1) significantly reduced both pest population and damage severity compared to the control and farmer treatment. The severity in P1 and P2 was 25.22% and 27.06%, respectively, while P3 and the farmer's treatment showed 43.02% and 47.25%. Regression analysis revealed a strong positive correlation (R² = 0.987) between the S. frugiperda population and severity, indicating that a 1% increase in population corresponds to a 4.74% rise in severity. These findings demonstrate that the extract mixture is an effective and eco-friendly biopesticide. It offers a sustainable alternative for fall armyworm management, potentially reducing dependence on chemical pesticides while minimizing environmental impact. Noctuidae ; Lepidoptera genitalia ; Spodoptera ; Biopesticide ; Botany ; Biology ; Agronomy ; Pesticide Phytochemistry and Bioactive Compounds ; Humic Substances and Bio-Organic Studies