jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: A. A. Al‐Hassan
Source: Heliyon (article, 2024-04-26)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Development and characterization of camel gelatin films: Influence of camel bone age and glycerol or sorbitol on film properties This study developed and evaluated camel bone gelatin films (CBGFs) with glycerol or sorbitol as plasticizers. Gelatin extracted from the bones of camels (<i>Camelus dromedarius</i>) at ages ranging from 2.5 to 7 years was used. A comprehensive analysis was conducted, evaluating a range of properties including thickness, moisture sorption capacity, water vapor permeability (WVP), infrared spectral characteristics, light absorption behavior, solubility, as well as mechanical and thermal attributes. This thorough examination allowed for a nuanced understanding of the diverse characteristics exhibited by the camel gelatin samples across different age groups. The results indicated that camel age, glycerol, and sorbitol had a significant impact on the properties of the film (P < 0.05). Tensile strength ranged from 0.32 MPa to 3.99 MPa, while the percentage of elongation at break varied from 89.42 % to 2.68 %. Film color (lightness, L) ranged from 21.39 to 41.33. Glycerol and sorbitol plasticized films were 100 % water soluble. Moisture sorption increased with temperature (25 °C, 35 °C, and 45 °C), with sorbitol films retaining less water. WVP was low in films from old camel bones and high in glycerol-plasticized CBGF-2.5Y and CBGF-4.5Y. Thermal analysis showed a melting temperature between 158.60 °C and 174.10 °C, depending on bone age and plasticizer. These films demonstrate promise for use in food packaging, coatings, and pharmaceutical applications. Gelatin ; Glycerol ; Sorbitol ; Characterization (materials science) ; Food science ; Chemical engineering ; Materials science ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Engineering ; Biochemistry Collagen: Extraction and Characterization ; Meat and Animal Product Quality ; Proteins in Food Systems
Authors: Yunan Gu | Lixin Du | Yuxin Wu | Juan Qin | Xiang Gu | Zhihua Guo | Ya Li
Source: Biomolecules (review, 2024-08-07)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Biomembrane-Modified Biomimetic Nanodrug Delivery Systems: Frontier Platforms for Cardiovascular Disease Treatment Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Despite significant advances in current drug therapies, issues such as poor drug targeting and severe side effects persist. In recent years, nanomedicine has been extensively applied in the research and treatment of CVDs. Among these, biomembrane-modified biomimetic nanodrug delivery systems (BNDSs) have emerged as a research focus due to their unique biocompatibility and efficient drug delivery capabilities. By modifying with biological membranes, BNDSs can effectively reduce recognition and clearance by the immune system, enhance biocompatibility and circulation time in vivo, and improve drug targeting. This review first provides an overview of the classification and pathological mechanisms of CVDs, then systematically summarizes the research progress of BNDSs in the treatment of CVDs, discussing their design principles, functional characteristics, and clinical application potential. Finally, it highlights the issues and challenges faced in the clinical translation of BNDSs. Drug delivery ; Nanomedicine ; Biocompatibility ; Medicine ; Nanotechnology ; Engineering ; Materials science Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics ; Extracellular vesicles in disease
Authors: Fengquan Hu | Xin Liu | Boshi Wang | Yong Xiang
Source: Metals (article, 2024-04-26)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Investigations on the Johnson-Cook Constitutive and Damage-Fracture Model Parameters of a Q345C Steel Due to the rapid development of high-speed trains, the service safety of vehicle body materials and structures has become a focal point in transport and impact engineering. Numerical simulations on the collision resistance of vehicle materials and structures are crucial for the safety assessment and optimal structural design of high-speed trains but have not been fully investigated due to the lack of damage model parameters. This study focuses on the Johnson-Cook (J-C) constitutive and damage-fracture models of a typical vehicle material, Q345C steel. A series of mechanical tests are conducted on the Q345C steel, including the quasi-static and dynamic compression/tension tests, quasi-static tension tests at different temperatures, and fracture tests along different stress paths, using the material test system and the split Hopkinson pressure/tension bar. Then, the parameters of the Johnson-Cook constitutive and damage-fracture models are calibrated based on the experimental results. In terms of the damage parameters related to stress paths, a new method of combining experiments and simulations is proposed to obtain the real, local fracture strains of the Q345C steel samples. This method allows the measurements of equivalent plastic strain and stress triaxiality histories under nonlinear stress paths, which are hardly accessible from individual experiments, and facilitates the accurate calibration of stress-path-related damage parameters. In addition, a high-speed plate penetration test is used to validate the J-C parameters, which can be directly implemented in the commercial finite element software Abaqus. The projectile trajectories from the simulation and experiment agree well with each other, demonstrating the reliability of the model parameters for impact scenarios and the efficiency of the experimental procedures utilized for calibration. Constitutive equation ; Projectile ; Structural engineering ; Split-Hopkinson pressure bar ; Tension (geology) ; Fracture (geology) ; Finite element method ; Materials science ; Stress (linguistics) ; Compression (physics) ; Nonlinear system ; Engineering ; Strain rate ; Composite material High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Structural Response to Dynamic Loads ; Transportation Safety and Impact Analysis
Authors: Xiao Chen | Tingbiao Guo | Zijian Lin | Xinan Xu | Zhi Zhang | Nan Wang | Sailing He
Source: Advanced Optical Materials (article, 2024-01-02)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

A High Throughput Tunable Filter Module for Multispectral Imaging Abstract Tunable filters are vital not only for dynamic display but also in the miniaturized spectral imaging system. Yet, the present tunable devices possess low optical throughput, bulky volume, slow response, or complex configuration. In this paper, the study proposed and experimentally demonstrated a compact tunable filter module based on metagratings combined with liquid crystals (LC). By the synergetic effect between the birefringent LC and the dichroic metagratings, the module possesses distinct transmissive features by electrically tuning the LC material, resulting from the polarization interference effect. A simple nanoimprinting method, which is suitable for the mass production of nanostructures is adopted for low‐cost fabrication. These unique features endow the present tunable filter module with low cost, high optical throughput, and compact volume. As a proof of concept, a multispectral imager is built with this filter based on a commercial microscope. Experimental results show the system response is five times higher in optical throughput across the whole visible region than the traditional liquid crystal tunable filter and the signal‐to‐noise ratio can be improved by 7 dB. Considering the feasibility of nanoimprinting, this module paves the way for spectral imaging in low‐light conditions and on‐site scenarios such as tongue diagnosis and food quality inspection. Materials science ; Multispectral image ; Liquid crystal tunable filter ; Throughput ; Dichroic glass ; Optical filter ; Birefringence ; Filter (signal processing) ; Dichroic filter ; Optics ; Optoelectronics ; Interference (communication) ; Liquid crystal ; Computer science ; Telecommunications ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer vision Liquid Crystal Research Advancements ; Optical Polarization and Ellipsometry ; Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications
Authors: Puneet Mishra
Source: Journal of Chemometrics (article, 2024-03-05)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Developing multifruit global near‐infrared model to predict dry matter based on just‐in‐time modeling Abstract Modeling near‐infrared (NIR) spectral data to predict fresh fruit properties is a challenging task. The difficulty lies in creating generalized models that can work on fruits of different cultivars, seasons, and even multiple commodities of fruit. Due to intrinsic differences in spectral properties, NIR models often fail in testing, resulting in high bias and prediction errors. One current solution for achieving generalized models is to use large calibration sets measured over multiple cultivars and harvest seasons. However, current practice primarily focuses on calibration sets for single fruit commodities, disregarding the rich information available from other fruit commodities. This study aims to demonstrate the potential of locally weighted partial least‐squares an example of just‐in‐time (JIT) modeling to develop real‐time models based on calibration sets consisting of multiple fruit commodities. The study also explores JIT modeling for leveraging relevant information from other fruit commodities or adapting the model based on new samples. The application demonstrated here predicts the dry matter in fresh fruit using portable NIR spectroscopy. The results show that JIT modeling is particularly effective for multiple fruit commodities in a single calibration set. The JIT models achieved a root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.69% fresh weight (FW), while the traditional partial least squares (PLS) modeling RMSEP was 0.93% FW. JIT modeling can be particularly beneficial when the user has multiple fruit datasets and wants to combine them into a single dataset to utilize all the relevant information available. Infrared ; Environmental science ; Chemistry ; Environmental chemistry ; Physics ; Optics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research ; Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Authors: Luyao Wang | Yuying Kong | Zihuan Zhang | Guihua Luo | Xiaojing Hou | An S | Xuan Yang | Ke‐Jun Wu
Source: Advanced Functional Materials (article, 2024-08-19)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Streamlined Synthesis of Silver Nanowires Using Multi‐Objective Optimization for Electrically Conductive Composite Filaments Abstract Composite filaments are of considerable interest in research due to their exceptional performance characteristics and broad applicability. In this study, highly electrically conductive composite filaments comprising cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and silver nanowires (AgNWs) are carefully prepared, accompanied by the proposition of an integrated microwave‐microfluidic synthesis method for AgNWs. The proposed reaction system exhibits a remarkable capability for swift AgNW synthesis, with a space‐time yield of 1.2 × 10 4 g (h·m 3 ) −1 , approximately five times superior to that achievable through conventional batch reactor methodologies. The microwave‐assisted microfluidic synthesis of AgNWs introduces a novel aspect to the extensive research on 1D nanomaterials. The design of experiments and multi‐objective Bayesian optimization are integrated iteratively to converge toward the global optimum, aiming to enhance screening efficiency and achieve a balanced outcome by maximizing aspect ratio and minimizing size for AgNWs. The AgNWs synthesized under optimal conditions has a diameter of ≈50.4 nm and an aspect ratio of ≈555. Subsequently, they are integrated into composite filaments with CNF, resulting in electrical conductivity and tensile strength of the composite filaments at values of 8.35 × 10 5 S m −1 and 186 MPa, respectively, surpassing those reported in existing literature for other analogous materials. Materials science ; Electrical conductor ; Composite number ; Nanowire ; Electrically conductive ; Nanotechnology ; Composite material Nanomaterials for catalytic reactions ; Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Nanomaterials and Printing Technologies
Authors: Wenyang Ding | Zhun‐Yong Ong | Meng An | B. Davier | Shiqian Hu | Masato Ohnishi | Junichiro Shiomi
Source: Nano Letters (article, 2024-10-16)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Optimally Suppressed Phonon Tunneling in van der Waals Graphene–WS<sub>2</sub> Heterostructure with Ultralow Thermal Conductivity Van der Waals heterostructures have great potential for realizing ultimately low thermal conductivity because defectless interfaces can be constructed at a length scale smaller than the phonon wavelength, allowing modulation of coherent phonon transport. In this Letter, we demonstrate the mechanism for thermal conductivity reduction at a mode-resolved level. The graphene-WS<sub>2</sub> heterostructure with the lowest cross-plane thermal conductivity of 0.048 W/(m·K) is identified from 16,384 candidates by combining Bayesian optimization and molecular dynamics simulations. Then, the angle-resolved phonon transmission is calculated using the mode-resolved atomistic Green's function. The results reveal that the optimal heterostructure nearly completely terminates phonon transport with finite incident angles, owing to the reduced critical incident angle and suppression of phonon tunneling. Graphene ; Quantum tunnelling ; Thermal conductivity ; Condensed matter physics ; Phonon ; Heterojunction ; van der Waals force ; Materials science ; Nanotechnology ; Chemical physics ; Physics ; Quantum mechanics ; Molecule 2D Materials and Applications ; Thermal properties of materials ; Graphene research and applications
Authors: Raluca Pele | Gabriel Marc | Cristina Mogoșan | Anamaria Apan | Ioana Ionuț | Brînduşa Tiperciuc | Cristina Moldovan | Cătălin Araniciu | Ilioara Oniga | Adrian Pı̂rnău | Laurian Vlase | Ovidiu Oniga
Source: Molecules (article, 2024-04-24)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Synthesis, In Vivo Anticonvulsant Activity Evaluation and In Silico Studies of Some Quinazolin-4(3H)-One Derivatives Two series, "<b>a</b>" and "<b>b</b>", each consisting of nine chemical compounds, with 2,3-disubstituted quinazolin-4(3H)-one scaffold, were synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsant activity. They were investigated as dual potential positive allosteric modulators of the GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site and inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase II. Quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives were evaluated in vivo (D<sub>1-3</sub> = 50, 100, 150 mg/kg, administered intraperitoneally) using the pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure model in mice, with phenobarbital and diazepam, as reference anticonvulsant agents. The in silico studies suggested the compounds act as anticonvulsants by binding on the allosteric site of GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor and not by inhibiting the carbonic anhydrase II, because the ligands-carbonic anhydrase II predicted complexes were unstable in the molecular dynamics simulations. The mechanism targeting GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor was confirmed through the in vivo flumazenil antagonism assay. The pentylenetetrazole experimental anticonvulsant model indicated that the tested compounds, <b>1a</b>-<b>9a</b> and <b>1b</b>-<b>9b</b>, present a potential anticonvulsant activity. The evaluation, considering the percentage of protection against PTZ, latency until the onset of the first seizure, and reduction in the number of seizures, revealed more favorable results for the "<b>b</b>" series, particularly for compound <b>8b</b>. Anticonvulsant ; GABAA receptor ; Chemistry ; Flumazenil ; In vivo ; Pharmacology ; Allosteric regulation ; Inverse agonist ; Carbonic anhydrase ; Diazepam ; Benzodiazepine ; Allosteric modulator ; Receptor ; Epilepsy ; Agonist ; Enzyme ; Biochemistry ; Medicine ; Biology ; Neuroscience Quinazolinone synthesis and applications ; Phenothiazines and Benzothiazines Synthesis and Activities ; Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Andrea Van Wyk | Kimberley A. Frederick | Marya Lieberman | Renée S. Cole
Source: Journal of Chemical Education (article, 2024-12-17)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Increasing Authenticity of the Laboratory through the MICRO Project: Analysis of Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Experiments for Their Level of Inquiry Inquiry-based laboratory experiments, in comparison to traditional "cookbook" style laboratory experiments, more accurately model the work scientists do and engage students in the skills they use. Students who participate in inquiry-based laboratory experiments engage in science practices and develop skills such as critical thinking and argumentation. Despite the abundance of literature surrounding the benefits of inquiry-based laboratory learning approaches, adoption of these instructional approaches has been slow. The MICRO project was designed with the goal of supporting analytical chemistry faculty in adopting inquiry-based laboratory experiments. Laboratory experiments representing those used by institutions prior to the project and during the project were collected and analyzed for their level of inquiry. We saw a decrease in the percentage of laboratory experiments that were traditional, "cookbook" style laboratory experiments and an increase in laboratory experiments that are higher levels of inquiry during the semester of implementation of MICRO laboratory experiments, indicating faculty were adopting some inquiry-based instructional practices. Mathematics education ; Argumentation theory ; Medical laboratory ; Laboratory safety ; Style (visual arts) ; Chemistry ; Computer science ; Psychology Various Chemistry Research Topics ; Innovative Teaching Methods ; Science Education and Pedagogy
Authors: Alexandre Verdin | Cédric Malherbe | Gauthier Eppe
Source: Talanta (review, 2024-05-09)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Designing SERS nanotags for profiling overexpressed surface markers on single cancer cells: A review Nanotechnology ; Photobleaching ; Chemistry ; Context (archaeology) ; Single-cell analysis ; Computational biology ; Cell ; Fluorescence ; Biology ; Materials science ; Biochemistry Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques ; Biosensors and Analytical Detection
Authors: Akihiko Hirata | Shuya Sato | M. Shiga | Yohei Onodera | Koji Kimoto | Shinji Kohara
Source: NPG Asia Materials (article, 2024-05-10)
Field: Materials Science — Ceramics and Composites

Direct observation of the atomic density fluctuation originating from the first sharp diffraction peak in SiO2 glass Abstract The intermediate-range order of covalently bonded glasses has been extensively studied in terms of their diffraction peaks observed at low scattering angles; these peaks are called the first sharp diffraction peaks (FSDPs). Although the atomic density fluctuations originating from the quasilattice planes are a critical scientific target, direct experimental observations of these fluctuations are still lacking. Here, we report the direct observation of the atomic density fluctuations in silica glass by energy-filtered angstrom-beam electron diffraction. The correspondence between the local electron diffraction patterns of FSDPs and the atomic configurations constructed based on the X-ray and neutron diffraction results revealed that the local atomic density fluctuations originated from the quasi-periodic alternating arrangements of the columnar chain-like atomic configurations and interstitial tubular voids, as in crystals. We also discovered longer-range fluctuations associated with the shoulder of the FSDP on the low- Q side. The hierarchical fluctuations inherent in materials could aid in the elucidation of their properties and performance. Materials science ; Diffraction ; Optics ; Condensed matter physics ; Physics Glass properties and applications ; X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography ; X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
Authors: Elif Kaymazlar | Ö. Andaç | Santiago J. García
Source: Journal of Materials Chemistry A (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Water-triggered self-healing and reversible underwater adhesion in metalorganic polymers Metallopolymer-based solid-adhesives able to reversibly adhere to hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces and to heal in water are presented. The role of Zn, Fe and Ni coordination and water on healing, recycling and underwater adhesion is discussed. Adhesion ; Underwater ; Self-healing ; Adhesive ; Polymer ; Materials science ; Chemical engineering ; Nanotechnology ; Polymer chemistry ; Chemistry ; Composite material ; Geology ; Oceanography ; Layer (electronics) ; Engineering Polymer composites and self-healing ; Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization ; Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity
Authors: Yue Lin | Ke Min | Wende Ma | Xuezhi Yang | Dawei Lü | Zhenyu Lin | Qian Liu | Guibin Jiang
Source: Chemical Science (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Probing the stability of metal–organic frameworks by structure-responsive mass spectrometry imaging The widespread application of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is seriously hindered by their structural instability and it is still very challenging to probe the stability of MOFs during application by current techniques. Here, we report a novel structure-responsive mass spectrometry (SRMS) imaging technique to probe the stability of MOFs. We discovered that intact CuBTC (as a model of MOFs) could generate the characteristic peaks of organic ligands and carbon cluster anions in laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry, but these peaks were significantly changed when the structure of CuBTC was dissociated, thus enabling a label-free probing of the stability. Furthermore, SRMS can be performed in imaging mode to visualize the degradation kinetics and reveal the spatial heterogeneity of the stability of CuBTC. This technique was successfully applied in different application scenarios (in water, moist air, and CO<sub>2</sub>) and also validated with different MOFs. It thus provides a versatile new tool for better design and application of environment-sensitive materials. Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectrometry imaging ; Metal-organic framework ; Chemistry ; Metal ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Chromatography ; Organic chemistry Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection ; Machine Learning in Materials Science