jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Jonathan W. Kaufman | Connor Wyckoff | Patricia A. Loughney | Sarah Hall | Lisa M. Rueschhoff
Source: npj Advanced Manufacturing (article, 2026-01-16)
Field: Materials Science — Ceramics and Composites

Effect of carbon fiber reinforcement and sintering temperature on mechanical properties, thermal shock resistance, and oxidation behavior of zirconium diboride formed via material extrusion additive manufacturing Abstract Two aqueous zirconium diboride (ZrB 2 ) inks, one monolithic and one reinforced with 11 volume % milled carbon fiber, were developed for the additive manufacturing technique of material extrusion. Both inks exhibited nearly identical shear-thinning, yield-stress rheological profiles, allowing for consistent printing parameters. Three pressureless sintering temperatures (1850 °C, 1950 °C, and 2150 °C) were investigated to understand their effect on density, mechanical properties, and thermo-oxidative performance (thermal shock and oxidation resistance). Increasing sintering temperature generally increased the density of both monolithic and carbon fiber-reinforced components, though the latter consistently had lower densities. Mechanical testing revealed that at lower sintering temperatures (1850 °C and 1950 °C), monolithic samples had higher flexural strengths due to greater density, while carbon fiber reinforcement improved Weibull modulus, indicating enhanced reliability. At 2150 °C, both material types showed high Weibull moduli and similar flexural strengths, likely due to microstructural changes, including carbon fiber degradation. Crucially, carbon fiber reinforcement significantly improved thermal shock resistance during oxyacetylene torch testing to simulate a representative extreme environment. The 1850 °C carbon fiber-reinforced print survived the test while the monolithic counterpart cracked instantly. Additionally, the carbon fiber-reinforced samples maintained oxide scale adherence, unlike the monolithic ZrB 2 which experienced severe oxide scale cracking and spallation. This improved oxidative performance is attributed to fiber-like pores formed by carbon fiber oxidation within the oxide scale, accommodating volume contraction of zirconia (ZrO 2 ). This study presents a rapid and low-cost method for developing near-net shapes of carbon fiber-reinforced ZrB 2 with survivability in extreme environments while providing critical insights into the role of carbon fiber incorporation and sintering temperature in the resulting ceramic properties. Zirconium diboride ; Sintering ; Flexural strength ; Cubic zirconia ; Oxide ; Thermal shock ; Extrusion ; Carbon fibers ; Reinforced carbon–carbon Advanced ceramic materials synthesis ; Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies ; Cellular and Composite Structures
Authors: Lukas Reinhardt | Keiko Tanaka
Source: International Journal of Materials Science (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Recent advances in magnetic materials for energy and electronic applications Magnetic materials underpin modern energy and electronic technologies, enabling devices from electric motors and transformers to sensors, data storage, and emerging spintronic platforms. Rising demands for energy efficiency, miniaturization, and functional integration have accelerated research into materials with enhanced performance and tunable properties. Recent advances span soft and hard magnetic alloys, ferrites, rare-earth-free magnets, amorphous and nanocrystalline systems, and low-dimensional magnetic materials. Progress in synthesis (e.g., rapid solidification, thin-film deposition, and additive manufacturing) has improved control over microstructure, composition, and anisotropy, strengthening key parameters such as coercivity, saturation magnetization, permeability, and thermal stability for high-frequency and high-temperature operation. In parallel, modeling and computational materials science increasingly guide discovery via structure-property predictions. Applications in renewable generation, power electronics, sensors, non-volatile memory, and spin-based logic highlight the impact of these developments, while sustainability, cost, scalability, and long-term reliability remain active challenges. This article summarizes current trends and future directions in magnetic materials for energy and electronic applications. Spintronics ; Electronics ; Reliability (semiconductor) ; Renewable energy ; Power electronics ; Energy transformation Magnetic Properties and Synthesis of Ferrites ; Magnetic properties of thin films ; Multiferroics and related materials
Authors: R Goguladharshini | G Savitha | B Durgadevi | RA Adil Jeni
Source: International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research (article, 2026-03-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Pan-Genomics and CRISPR genome editing for silk biosynthesis improvement in Bombyx mori: A Review Sericulture based on the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori is an important agro-industry, but improvement of silk yield and quality is often limited by genetic and environmental constraints. Recent pan-genomic studies have revealed extensive genetic variation, novel genes, and regulatory elements associated with silk biosynthesis and cocoon traits. These genomic resources provide deeper insight into the molecular basis of fibroin and sericin production. The emergence of CRISPR-based genome editing enables precise modification and functional validation of genes involved in silk production. Integrating pan-genomics with CRISPR technologies offers new possibilities for improving silk yield, fibre quality, and stress tolerance. Such approaches are expected to support precision breeding and sustainable advancement of modern sericulture. Bombyx mori ; Sericulture ; Genome editing ; CRISPR ; Fibroin ; SILK ; Sericin Silk-based biomaterials and applications ; Silkworms and Sericulture Research ; Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
Authors: André Cunha Paiva | Glaucimar Alex Passos de Resende | Luidy Darllan Barbosa | Daniel Lucas Dantas Freitas | Guilherme Post Sabin | Leandro Wang Hantao
Source: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry (article, 2026-01-26)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Quality assessment of Brazilian olive oils by GC×GC–MS and chemometrics Virgin olive oil quality assessment is critical for consumer protection and industry regulation. Fraudulent activities involving virgin olive oil are common worldwide. In Brazil, recent nationwide inspections have revealed recurrent cases of fraud, including the sale of adulterated or mislabeled olive oils. As a result, the Brazilian federal agency has suspended the commercialization of numerous brands and seized large quantities of products that failed to meet the official quality requirements. This study presents an automated analytical workflow for classifying Brazilian virgin olive oils based on their volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles. Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC×GC-MS) were used to analyze 215 certified virgin olive oil samples, categorized as either defective (VOO, virgin and LVOO, lampante virgin) or non-defective (EVOO, extra virgin), and 21 undisclosed oils (UNKN). Chemometric modeling using partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was applied to the resulting data, which comprised 108 recurring VOCs. The PLS-DA model successfully differentiated between the two quality classes (defective and non-defective) with a predictive accuracy of 91% based on the external validation set. Key chemical markers driving the classification were identified. Non-defective oils were characterized by higher levels of C<sub>5</sub> and C<sub>6</sub> aldehydes and alcohols from the lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway, such as (E)-2-hexenal, associated with positive green and fruity notes. Conversely, defective oils showed higher levels of compounds such as nonanal and acetic acid, linked to rancidity and other off-flavors. Finally, the model was used to predict the quality of 21 previously undisclosed samples. This instrumental approach demonstrates a powerful and reliable alternative for forensic analysis of olive oils, generating models that can be interpreted in sensory terms. Chemometrics ; Quality assessment ; Olive oil ; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry ; Quality (philosophy) ; Nonanal Edible Oils Quality and Analysis ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies ; Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
Authors: Ferenc Kubicsek | Sára Molnár | Dániel Nagy | Ferenc Hegedűs
Source: Ultrasonics Sonochemistry (article, 2026-03-18)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Towards the design of energy-efficient bubble clusters and operation strategies for process control in sonochemical reactors Energy efficiency and process control are critical challenges in scaling sonochemical applications. To address this, we introduce a numerical optimisation framework focused on designing pre-seeded bubble clusters driven by impulse ultrasound to minimise energy consumption. The methodology efficiently handles the large parameter space (bubble sizes) by combining fast, reduced-order modelling of spherical bubbles and chemical kinetics with expensive multi-phase hydrodynamic simulations (ALPACA). The technique is demonstrated on two test cases: ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) and hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) synthesis, to analyse the effects of different reaction mechanisms. In both cases, the optimal size distribution of a chain of 16 bubbles is found with as few as three multi-phase flow simulations. Process (computing) ; Bubble ; Process control ; Sonochemistry ; Process development ; Work (physics) Ultrasound and Cavitation Phenomena ; Fluid Dynamics and Mixing ; Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
Authors: Oyinkepreye Lucky Bebeteidoh | Poku Robert | Ernest Apresai | Okpah E. Onyebuchi | Alexander N. Okpala
Source: Asian Journal of Applied Science and Technology (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum Green Inhibitor on the corrosion of Marine Boilers in two mediums (Seawater and freshwater) In this study the effect of Bryophyllum pinnatum as a green inhibitor in the prevention of corrosion in marine boilers was studied. Four (4) Mild steel coupons and four (4) copper coupons was immersed in 200ml of freshwater and 200ml of sea water and extracts of 20ml of Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf was added to each media. The inhibitor exhibited some inhibitory properties with the addition of 20 ml extract. It was observed that the inhibitor took effect from after the first week of exposure to the corrosive media. After 1,176 hours of immersion, the green inhibitor was observed to be effective only in fresh water for both the Cu coupon and Mild Steel coupon reducing the corrosion rate for Cu from 0.0311 mm/yr to 0.0084 mm/yr and for mild steel from 0.0716 to 0.0362 mm/yr. Conversely, the corrosion rates in seawater increased with the addition of the green inhibitor from 0.0476 mm/yr to 0.0550 mm/yr for Cu and from 0.0816 to 0.0830 mm/yr for mild steel. It could therefore be concluded that the green inhibitor is only effective in fresh water. Corrosion ; Seawater ; Corrosion inhibitor ; Copper ; Fresh water Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition ; Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals ; Concrete Corrosion and Durability
Authors: Vrushali Vijay Patil | Shailendra Sanjay Suryawanshi
Source: Innovare Journal of Education (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Participatory Laboratory Learning Approach in Pharmaceutical Analysis: Enhancing Skills and Professional Competence Participatory learning in laboratory-based pharmaceutical analysis has emerged as an effective educational approach for enhancing professional competence and practical skills in pharmacy students. Conventional laboratory instruction often restricts learning to demonstrations and predefined procedures, offering limited scope for independent reasoning, problem-solving, and analytical judgment. In contrast, recent curriculum reforms promote active and student-centered learning aligned with competency-based outcomes. Educational models such as problem-based learning (PBL), inquiry-driven chromatographic experiments, collaborative analytical method development, structured laboratory documentation, and peer-supported experimentation have shown measurable improvements in students’ technical proficiency, instrumental operation, regulatory awareness, and conceptual understanding. Furthermore, modern strategies, including virtual laboratory simulations, digital learning support systems, and the introduction of artificial intelligence–assisted tools, have increased accessibility while providing individualized learning experiences. These participatory environments encourage student engagement, responsibility, teamwork, and real-time decision-making skills that are highly valuable in research laboratories, quality control units, and professional analytical roles. Educators also benefit through improved student feedback, more meaningful assessments, and better monitoring of learning progression. Grounded in constructivist and experiential learning theories, participatory learning emphasizes knowledge building through hands-on experience and ongoing reflection. Overall, this approach strengthens analytical capabilities and helps bridge the gap between academic training and the evolving expectations of the pharmaceutical industry. Experiential learning ; Competence (human resources) ; Curriculum ; Active learning (machine learning) ; Citizen journalism ; Learning sciences ; Quality (philosophy) ; Digital learning ; Professional learning community Various Chemistry Research Topics ; Innovative Teaching Methods ; Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Authors: Tarick J. El‐Baba | Corinne A. Lutomski | Jack L. Bennett | Sophie A. S. Lawrence | Sean A. Burnap | Frances I Butroid | Olivia Ramsay | Titas Radzevicius | Di Wu | Haigang Song | Kenny L. Chan | Lyonna F. Parise | Eric M. Parise | Weston B. Struwe | James W. Murrough | Scott Russo | Carol V. Robinson
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (article, 2026-04-12)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Molecular dissection of protein complexes isolated from sections of human brain Molecular studies of brain receptors and transporters have typically relied on recombinant systems, limiting insight into their organization in native tissue. Here, we develop nanobody-based immunoprecipitation coupled with native mass spectrometry to interrogate endogenous protein assemblies from post-mortem mouse and human brain sections. We exemplify our approach by characterizing the synaptic proteins VGluT1 and mGluR2. From a single mouse brain, we discover mGluR2/3 heterodimers, alongside mGluR2 homodimers. Considering regions of human brain heterodimeric mGluR2/3 is highly abundant in the OFC and sgACC (~70% and 50%, respectively) and forms regional-specific interactions with additional synaptic proteins. In a modest cohort of biobanked human tissue, associated with depression and suicide, we find increased mGluR2/3 in the OFC. Consistent with this, mice exhibit similar associations between heterodimer levels and stress-susceptibility. Overall, our approach provides a direct means for establishing molecular-behavioural links at the level of receptor organization in brain. Human brain ; Limiting ; Receptor ; Immunoprecipitation ; Recombinant DNA ; Mammalian brain ; HEK 293 cells ; G protein-coupled receptor ; Human proteins Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling ; Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Authors: Brenda Huerta-Rosas | Eduardo Sánchez-Ramírez
Source: Commodities (article, 2026-03-13)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Nuclear Fuel Revival: Uranium Markets, SMRs, and Global Energy Security This review examines the renewed strategic relevance of uranium within the evolving global energy system, emphasizing uranium market dynamics, emerging nuclear technologies, and geopolitical realignments. Moving beyond traditional perspectives that treat uranium primarily as a cyclical commodity or focus narrowly on reactor design, the article frames uranium as a critical strategic resource at the intersection of energy security, decarbonization, and industrial transformation. The analysis integrates market fundamentals with technological developments, particularly small modular reactors (SMRs) and advanced high-temperature reactor systems, and regional policy strategies to provide a holistic perspective largely absent from the existing literature. Quantitative evidence indicates a structurally tightening uranium market, with global reactor demand of approximately 67,500 tU per year and mine production historically meeting only 74–90% of annual requirements. Uranium prices have rebounded from below $20 lb−1 U3O8 in 2016 to above $80 lb−1 by late 2023, reflecting supply concentration, long development timelines for new mines, and renewed political commitments to nuclear energy. Demand projections suggest an increase of around 28% by 2030 and the potential for a doubling by mid-century under high-nuclear deployment scenarios. From a technological perspective, while SMRs and advanced reactors may increase uranium consumption per unit of electricity, they substantially expand nuclear energy deployment into new domains, including remote power systems, industrial heat applications, and large-scale low-carbon hydrogen production. Overall, the study highlights a qualitative shift in uranium’s role, positioning it as both a foundational component and a key enabler of integrated low-carbon energy systems spanning electricity, heat, and hydrogen production. Uranium ; Software deployment ; Nuclear power ; Geopolitics ; Energy security ; Modular design ; Nuclear fuel ; Enriched uranium ; Nuclear energy policy ; Resource (disambiguation) Radioactive element chemistry and processing ; Global Energy and Sustainability Research ; Extraction and Separation Processes
Authors: J. Gershom Stuart | J. Winfred Jebaraj
Source: Asian Journal of Chemistry (article, 2026-04-08)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Synthesis, Characterisation, DFT and Docking Analysis of 3-Methyl-2,6-bis(3-methylphenyl)piperidin-4-one (MBMP) as Anti-Retroviral Therapeutic Agent RNA is vital in HIV gene expression and replication. Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) advancements, the high mutation of HIV rate remains challenging. In this work, the synthesis, quantum chemical analysis and molecular docking of 3-methyl-2,6-bis(3-methyl-phenyl)piperidin-4-one (MBMP) were carried out to evaluate its potential as an anti-retroviral therapeutic agent. The synthesized MBMP was structurally confirmed through standard spectroscopic techniques and its molecular geometry along with electronic properties were further optimized using density functional theory (DFT) calculations performed with Gaussian 16W in the gas phase. The electronic structure of the optimised structure has been identified through the density functional theory (DFT) approach. All calculations were performed at the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level of theory and the resulting HOMO–LUMO energies were analyzed to elucidate the system’s stability, reactivity and electronic properties. The Fukui function was determined to identify reactive sites within the molecule, while Mulliken population analysis was employed to evaluate the charge distribution on individual atoms. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analysis was employed to identify electron-rich and electron-deficient regions, while natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis provided insight into molecular stability. Further analyses, including non-covalent interactions (NCI), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), aromaticity and LOL-based shaded surface maps, were carried out using Multiwfn 3.8, while UV and NMR spectroscopy validated structural integrity and purity, and binding interactions were elucidated using Discovery Studio Visualizer. Density functional theory ; Mulliken population analysis ; Fukui function ; Electronic structure ; Scanning tunneling microscope ; Molecule ; Docking (animal) ; Population Nonlinear Optical Materials Research ; HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment ; Synthesis and Characterization of Pyrroles
Authors: Anastasiya Derkachova | Daniel Jakubczyk | G. Derkachov | Kwasi Nyandey
Source: Optical Materials (article, 2026-01-10)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Refractive index, its chromatic dispersion, and thermal coefficients of four less common glycols We report comprehensive measurements of the refractive index as a function of wavelength and temperature for four less commonly studied glycols: pentaethylene glycol, hexaethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol (mixture of isomers), and tripropylene glycol. The measurements cover the spectral range of 0.39–1.07 μm and temperatures from 1 °C to 45 °C. The data were modeled using a two-pole Sellmeier equation, with temperature dependence expressed through wavelength-dependent thermal coefficients. Four fitting models (Sellmeier and Cauchy) with different numbers of parameters were tested; for pentaethylene glycol, results from all models are shown, while for the remaining glycols, only the two-pole Sellmeier fits are presented in tabulated form. Thermal coefficient values for six wavelengths of practical importance are also tabulated. Experimental uncertainties in refractive index, wavelength, and temperature were rigorously evaluated and incorporated into the analysis. The influence of sample purity – including residual water content and manufacturer-reported impurities – was assessed and accounted for in the uncertainty estimates. To our knowledge, this is the first dataset to systematically characterize both chromatic dispersion and thermal variation of the refractive index for these glycols over such a broad spectral and temperature range. The validated fitting equations and parameters are suitable for use in optical modeling, materials characterization, and related applications. All raw data are available in a publicly accessible repository. • Refractive index of four glycols measured over 390–1070 nm and 1–45°C • First dispersion and dn/dT data for penta-, hexaethylene, di-, tripropylene glycols • Sellmeier and dn/dT coefficients fitted over wavelength and temperature ranges • Careful uncertainty analysis provided in the manuscript • Raw refractive index data available in Mendeley Data repository Refractive index ; Wavelength ; Dispersion (optics) ; Thermal ; Refractometer ; Residual ; Chromatic scale ; Chromatic aberration ; Range (aeronautics) Phase-change materials and chalcogenides ; Optical Polarization and Ellipsometry ; Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques