jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Abhilash Purohit | Priyabrat Pradhan | Suresh Palanimuthu | Arvind Kumar | Pankaj Kumar Chauhan
Source: Journal of Elastomers & Plastics (article, 2024-11-29)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Mechanical and tribological characteristics of glass fiber and rice stubble-filled epoxy-LD sludge hybrid composites In this work, bidirectional rice stubble fiber (RS), Glass fiber (GF), and Linz-Donawitz sludge (LDS) are used as reinforcement for the fabrication of epoxy (EP) based hybrid composite materials. The mechanical (tensile, flexural, compressive strength), and physical (density, void content) characteristics were evaluated as per ASTM standards. The tensile, compressive and flexural strength values of neat epoxy increased from 45 to 111 MPa, 22.5 to 58 MPa and 84 to 140 MPa respectively, with the addition of 6 % RS in EP-LDS-GF-RS composites. With the continuous addition of RS content, the density of the EP-LDS-GF composite gradually decreases, while void content increases gradually within 0.1 %, but both are higher than pure resin. Dry sliding wear tests are carried out on the composites to acquire the specific rate of wear (SW rate ). Taguchi’s design of experiment analysis is used to highlight the effect of various dependent parameters on SW rate . Artificial Neural Network (ANN) tool is used to predict the combined effect of different input parameters on the SW rate . From the SEM analysis, it is observed that material removal is significantly less near the region of filler content and hence the RS content is found to be the predominant control factor affecting the wear rate of the composites. Epoxy ; Composite material ; Materials science ; Glass fiber ; Tribology ; Fiber Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Tribology and Wear Analysis ; Fiber-reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Siavash Iravani | Arezoo Khosravi | Ehsan Nazarzadeh Zare‬ | Rajender S. Varma | Ali Zarrabi | Pooyan Makvandi
Source: RSC Advances (review, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

MXenes and artificial intelligence: fostering advancements in synthesis techniques and breakthroughs in applications Exploring the symbiotic relationship between MXenes and AI, this highlight focuses on recent advancements pertaining to the prediction and optimization of properties, synthesis routes, and diverse applications of MXene materials. MXenes ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Biochemical engineering ; Nanotechnology ; Systems engineering ; Engineering ; Materials science MXene and MAX Phase Materials ; Advanced Memory and Neural Computing ; 2D Materials and Applications
Authors: Mohammad Harun‐Ur‐Rashid | Abu Bin Imran
Source: Recent Progress in Materials (article, 2024-09-30)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Emerging Trends in Engineering Polymers: A Paradigm Shift in Material Engineering Emerging Trends in Engineering Polymers signify a pivotal transformation in material engineering, marking a departure from traditional materials towards innovative, multifunctional, and sustainable polymers. This review delineates the forefront of advancements in polymer materials, including high-performance, bio-based, biodegradable, innovative, and functional polymers. Highlighting their enhanced mechanical properties, thermal stability, and chemical resistance showcases these materials' pivotal role in driving technological progress. The exploration extends to advanced manufacturing techniques such as 3D printing, electrospinning, and the fabrication of polymer nanocomposites, underscoring their impact on customizing product properties and scaling production. Central to this discourse is the sustainability and environmental stewardship in the polymer sector, addressing recycling methodologies, the circular economy, and regulatory frameworks guiding sustainable practices. The review juxtaposes traditional and emerging recycling processes, illuminating the path toward more sustainable material cycles. Furthermore, it ventures into emerging applications across diverse sectors such as energy, electronics, healthcare, automotive, and aerospace, elucidating the transformative potential of engineering polymers in these domains. Challenges spanning technical, economic, environmental, and regulatory landscapes are critically examined, setting the stage for future directions in research and development. The review culminates in a forward-looking perspective, advocating for interdisciplinary collaboration and material science innovation to navigate modern engineering challenges' complexities. Through this comprehensive analysis, the review articulates a narrative of evolution and opportunity within engineering polymers, poised to redefine material engineering in the decades to come. Paradigm shift ; Engineering ; Philosophy ; Epistemology Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties ; Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies ; biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
Authors: Jianyu Yang | Ge Li | Shihong Chen | Xiaozhi Su | Dong Xu | Yueming Zhai | Yuhang Liu | Guangxuan Hu | Chunxian Guo | Hong Bin Yang | Luigi G. Occhipinti | Fang Hu
Source: ACS Sensors (article, 2024-03-26)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Machine Learning-Assistant Colorimetric Sensor Arrays for Intelligent and Rapid Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection Urinary tract infections (UTIs), which can lead to pyelonephritis, urosepsis, and even death, are among the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide, with a notable increase in treatment costs due to the emergence of drug-resistant pathogens. Current diagnostic strategies for UTIs, such as urine culture and flow cytometry, require time-consuming protocols and expensive equipment. We present here a machine learning-assisted colorimetric sensor array based on recognition of ligand-functionalized Fe single-atom nanozymes (SANs) for the identification of microorganisms at the order, genus, and species levels. Colorimetric sensor arrays are built from the SAN Fe<sub>1</sub>-NC functionalized with four types of recognition ligands, generating unique microbial identification fingerprints. By integrating the colorimetric sensor arrays with a trained computational classification model, the platform can identify more than 10 microorganisms in UTI urine samples within 1 h. Diagnostic accuracy of up to 97% was achieved in 60 UTI clinical samples, holding great potential for translation into clinical practice applications. Urinary system ; Urine ; Clinical Practice ; Nanotechnology ; Computer science ; Biomedical engineering ; Medicine ; Materials science ; Internal medicine Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis ; Biosensors and Analytical Detection ; Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Authors: Xiyang Wang | Qilei Yang | Xinbo Li | Zhen Li | Chuan Gao | Hui Zhang | Xuefeng Chu | Carl Redshaw | Shucheng Shi | Yimin A. Wu | Yongliang Ma | Yue Peng | Junhua Li | Shouhua Feng
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2024-09-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Exploring the dynamic evolution of lattice oxygen on exsolved-Mn2O3@SmMn2O5 interfaces for NO Oxidation Lattice oxygen in metal oxides plays an important role in the reaction of diesel oxidation catalysts, but the atomic-level understanding of structural evolution during the catalytic process remains elusive. Here, we develop a Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/SmMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> catalyst using a non-stoichiometric exsolution method to explore the roles of lattice oxygen in NO oxidation. The enhanced covalency of Mn-O bond and increased electron density at Mn<sup>3+</sup> sites, induced by the interface between exsolved Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and mullite, lead to the formation of highly active lattice oxygen adjacent to Mn<sup>3+</sup> sites. Near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron and absorption spectroscopies show that the activated lattice oxygen enables reversible changes in Mn valence states and Mn-O bond covalency during redox cycles, reducing energy barriers for NO oxidation and promoting NO<sub>2</sub> desorption via the cooperative Mars-van Krevelen mechanism. Therefore, the Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/SmMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> exhibits higher NO oxidation activity and better resistance to hydrothermal aging compared to a commercial Pt/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst. Catalysis ; Redox ; Materials science ; Oxygen ; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ; Valence (chemistry) ; Hydrothermal circulation ; Chemical engineering ; Chemical physics ; Stoichiometry ; Inorganic chemistry ; Chemistry ; Physical chemistry Catalytic Processes in Materials Science ; Catalysis and Oxidation Reactions ; Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
Authors: Chao Zhao | Jintao Yang | Wei Ma
Source: Nano-Micro Letters (review, 2024-07-02)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Transient Response and Ionic Dynamics in Organic Electrochemical Transistors The rapid development of organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) has ushered in a new era in organic electronics, distinguishing itself through its application in a variety of domains, from high-speed logic circuits to sensitive biosensors, and neuromorphic devices like artificial synapses and organic electrochemical random-access memories. Despite recent strides in enhancing OECT performance, driven by the demand for superior transient response capabilities, a comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay between charge and ion transport, alongside electron-ion interactions, as well as the optimization strategies, remains elusive. This review aims to bridge this gap by providing a systematic overview on the fundamental working principles of OECT transient responses, emphasizing advancements in device physics and optimization approaches. We review the critical aspect of transient ion dynamics in both volatile and non-volatile applications, as well as the impact of materials, morphology, device structure strategies on optimizing transient responses. This paper not only offers a detailed overview of the current state of the art, but also identifies promising avenues for future research, aiming to drive future performance advancements in diversified applications. Transient (computer programming) ; Nanotechnology ; Organic electronics ; Transistor ; Neuromorphic engineering ; Computer science ; Electronics ; Bioelectronics ; Materials science ; Biosensor ; Electrical engineering ; Engineering ; Voltage ; Artificial intelligence ; Artificial neural network Conducting polymers and applications ; Advanced Memory and Neural Computing ; Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics
Authors: Chong Huang | Peng Xiong | Xiao‐Li Lai | Hai‐Chao Xu
Source: Nature Catalysis (article, 2024-12-20)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Photoelectrochemical asymmetric catalysis Catalysis ; Nanotechnology ; Biochemical engineering ; Chemistry ; Enantioselective synthesis ; Materials science ; Organic chemistry ; Engineering Radical Photochemical Reactions ; Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion ; CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts
Authors: Märta A. Tschudin | David A. Broadway | Patrick Siegwolf | Carolin Schrader | Evan J. Telford | B. Gross | Jordan M. Cox | Adrien E. E. Dubois | Daniel G. Chica | Ricardo Rama‐Eiroa | Elton J. G. Santos | Martino Poggio | Michael E. Ziebel | Cory R. Dean | Xavier Roy | Patrick Maletinsky
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2024-07-17)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Imaging nanomagnetism and magnetic phase transitions in atomically thin CrSBr Since their first observation in 2017, atomically thin van der Waals (vdW) magnets have attracted significant fundamental, and application-driven attention. However, their low ordering temperatures, T<sub>c</sub>, sensitivity to atmospheric conditions and difficulties in preparing clean large-area samples still present major limitations to further progress, especially amongst van der Waals magnetic semiconductors. The remarkably stable, high-T<sub>c</sub> vdW magnet CrSBr has the potential to overcome these key shortcomings, but its nanoscale properties and rich magnetic phase diagram remain poorly understood. Here we use single spin magnetometry to quantitatively characterise saturation magnetization, magnetic anisotropy constants, and magnetic phase transitions in few-layer CrSBr by direct magnetic imaging. We show pristine magnetic phases, devoid of defects on micron length-scales, and demonstrate remarkable air-stability down the monolayer limit. We furthermore address the spin-flip transition in bilayer CrSBr by imaging the phase-coexistence of regions of antiferromagnetically (AFM) ordered and fully aligned spins. Our work will enable the engineering of exotic electronic and magnetic phases in CrSBr and the realization of novel nanomagnetic devices based on this highly promising vdW magnet. Condensed matter physics ; van der Waals force ; Magnet ; Materials science ; Monolayer ; Phase transition ; Magnetization ; Saturation (graph theory) ; Phase diagram ; Nanotechnology ; Phase (matter) ; Magnetic field ; Physics 2D Materials and Applications ; Graphene research and applications ; MXene and MAX Phase Materials
Authors: Khaoula Alia | Djamal Atia | Mohammed Laid Tedjani | Gamil Gamal Hasan | Hamdi Ali Mohammed | Salah Eddine Laouini | Mahmood M. S. Abdullah | Farid Menaa
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2024-10-08)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Characterization optimization of synthesis Chitosanclay/benzoin/Fe3O4 composite for adsorption of Thionine dye by design expert study A novel composite material, magnetic chitosan-clay/benzoin/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (CS-CY/Benz/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>), was synthesized for effectively removing thionine dye (TH) from water solutions. The structural integrity and suitability of CS- CY/Benz/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> composite for adsorption purposes were validated through extensive characterization techniques including BET, XRD, FTIR, and SEM. The adsorption efficiency was optimized through a Box-Behnken design (BBD) employing response surface methodology (RSM), focusing on variables such as adsorbent dose (A: 0.02-0.08 g), solution pH (B: 4-10), temperature (C: 30-60 °C), and time (D: 5-30 min). Experimental results revealed a maximum TH removal of 99% with significant interactions between temperature (C) and time (D) (p-value = 0.0001). The optimal conditions for TH removal were determined as pH ~ 5.91, adsorbent dosage of 0.08 g, temperature of 54.34 °C, and time of 29.7 min. The investigation of kinetics revealed that the adsorption process conformed to a pseudo-second-order (PSO) model, while the equilibrium data were effectively described by the Freundlich isotherm model. At a temperature of 333.15 K and a TH concentration of 350 mg/L, the adsorption capacity was determined to be 660.86 mg/g. The mechanism of adsorption encompassed various interactions such as electrostatic attractions, n-π interactions, hydrogen bonding, and Yoshida H-bonding. Particularly, the CS-CY/Benz/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> composite demonstrated strong magnetic responsiveness, enabling straightforward separation from water using an external magnetic field after adsorption. Particularly, the CS-CY/Benz/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> composite demonstrated strong magnetic responsiveness, enabling straightforward separation from water using an external magnetic field after adsorption. This research contributes important findings to the advancement of magnetic chitosan-based composites for efficient removal of TH dye pollutants from water environments. Benzoin ; Adsorption ; Composite number ; Central composite design ; Thionine ; Characterization (materials science) ; Chemical engineering ; Chemistry ; Computer science ; Materials science ; Chromatography ; Response surface methodology ; Composite material ; Polymer chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Organic chemistry ; Engineering Nanomaterials for catalytic reactions ; Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal ; Biopolymer Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Xuesong Yang | Marieh B. Al‐Handawi | Liang Li | Pancě Naumov | Hongyu Zhang
Source: Chemical Science (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Hybrid and composite materials of organic crystals Organic molecular crystals have historically been viewed as delicate and fragile materials. However, recent studies have revealed that many organic crystals, especially those with high aspect ratios, can display significant flexibility, elasticity, and shape adaptability. The discovery of mechanical compliance in organic crystals has recently enabled their integration with responsive polymers and other components to create novel hybrid and composite materials. These hybrids exhibit unique structure-property relationships and synergistic effects that not only combine, but occasionally also enhance the advantages of the constituent crystals and polymers. Such organic crystal composites rapidly emerge as a promising new class of materials for diverse applications in optics, electronics, sensing, soft robotics, and beyond. While specific, mostly practical challenges remain regarding scalability and manufacturability, being endowed with both structurally ordered and disordered components, the crystal-polymer composite materials set a hitherto unexplored yet very promising platform for the next-generation adaptive devices. This Perspective provides an in-depth analysis of the state-of-the-art in design strategies, dynamic properties and applications of hybrid and composite materials centered on organic crystals. It addresses the current challenges and provides a future outlook on this emerging class of multifunctional, stimuli-responsive, and mechanically robust class of materials. Composite number ; Robustness (evolution) ; Materials science ; Polymer ; Resilience (materials science) ; Composite material ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry Crystallography and molecular interactions ; Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials ; Polymer composites and self-healing
Authors: Wenyang Jia | Konstantia Georgouli | Jesús Martínez del Rincón | Anastasios Koidis
Source: Foods (article, 2024-03-10)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Challenges in the Use of AI-Driven Non-Destructive Spectroscopic Tools for Rapid Food Analysis Routine, remote, and process analysis for foodstuffs is gaining attention and can provide more confidence for the food supply chain. A new generation of rapid methods is emerging both in the literature and in industry based on spectroscopy coupled with AI-driven modelling methods. Current published studies using these advanced methods are plagued by weaknesses, including sample size, abuse of advanced modelling techniques, and the process of validation for both the acquisition method and modelling. This paper aims to give a comprehensive overview of the analytical challenges faced in research and industrial settings where screening analysis is performed while providing practical solutions in the form of guidelines for a range of scenarios. After extended literature analysis, we conclude that there is no easy way to enhance the accuracy of the methods by using state-of-the-art modelling methods and the key remains that capturing good quality raw data from authentic samples in sufficient volume is very important along with robust validation. A comprehensive methodology involving suitable analytical techniques and interpretive modelling methods needs to be considered under a tailored experimental design whenever conducting rapid food analysis. Computer science ; Process (computing) ; Quality (philosophy) ; Risk analysis (engineering) ; Raw data ; Biochemical engineering ; Data science ; Key (lock) ; Strengths and weaknesses ; Supply chain ; Management science ; Systems engineering ; Engineering Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research ; Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Authors: Shilong Li | Zhaoyi Chen | Peng Chen | Wei Hu | Chaohong Huang | Sensen Li | Xuejia Hu | Yanqing Lu | Lujian Chen
Source: Light Science & Applications (article, 2024-01-24)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Geometric phase-encoded stimuli-responsive cholesteric liquid crystals for visualizing real-time remote monitoring: humidity sensing as a proof of concept Liquid crystals are a vital component of modern photonics, and recent studies have demonstrated the exceptional sensing properties of stimuli-responsive cholesteric liquid crystals. However, existing cholesteric liquid crystal-based sensors often rely on the naked eye perceptibility of structural color or the measurement of wavelength changes by spectrometric tools, which limits their practical applications. Therefore, developing a platform that produces recognizable sensing signals is critical. In this study, we present a visual sensing platform based on geometric phase encoding of stimuli-responsive cholesteric liquid crystal polymers that generates real-time visual patterns, rather than frequency changes. To demonstrate this platform's effectiveness, we used a humidity-responsive cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film encoded with a q-plate pattern, which revealed that humidity causes a shape change in the vortex beam reflected from the encoded cholesteric liquid crystal polymers. Moreover, we developed a prototype platform towards remote humidity monitoring benefiting from the high directionality and long-range transmission properties of laser beams carrying orbital angular momentum. Our approach provides a novel sensing platform for cholesteric liquid crystals-based sensors that offers promising practical applications. The ability to generate recognizable sensing signals through visual patterns offers a new level of practicality in the sensing field with stimuli-responsive cholesteric liquid crystals. This platform might have significant implications for a broad readership and will be of interest to researchers working in the field of photonics and sensing technology. Proof of concept ; Humidity ; Phase (matter) ; Liquid crystal ; Materials science ; Computer science ; Biological system ; Optoelectronics ; Physics ; Biology ; Meteorology Liquid Crystal Research Advancements ; Photonic Crystals and Applications ; Photonic and Optical Devices
Authors: Niraj R. Mehta | Yifan Meng | Richard N. Zare | Rina Kamenetsky | Elizabeth S. Sattely
Source: Cell (article, 2024-09-13)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

A developmental gradient reveals biosynthetic pathways to eukaryotic toxins in monocot geophytes Numerous eukaryotic toxins that accumulate in geophytic plants are valuable in the clinic, yet their biosynthetic pathways have remained elusive. A notable example is the >150 Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AmAs), including galantamine, an FDA-approved treatment for Alzheimer's disease. We show that while AmAs accumulate to high levels in many daffodil tissues, biosynthesis is localized to nascent, growing tissue at the leaf base. A similar trend is found in the production of steroidal alkaloids (e.g., cyclopamine) in corn lily. This model of active biosynthesis enabled the elucidation of a complete set of biosynthetic genes that can be used to produce AmAs. Taken together, our work sheds light on the developmental and enzymatic logic of diverse alkaloid biosynthesis in daffodils. More broadly, it suggests a paradigm for biosynthesis regulation in monocot geophytes, where plants are protected from herbivory through active charging of newly formed cells with eukaryotic toxins that persist as above-ground tissue develops. Biology ; Botany Chemical synthesis and alkaloids ; Plant Parasitism and Resistance ; Plant and fungal interactions