jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Abiodun Kilani | Ademilade Olubambi | Bolanle Deborah Ikotun | Oluwatobi Adeleke | Oluwaseun Adedapo Adetayo
Source: Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies (article, 2022-10-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Structural Performance of Concrete Reinforced with Banana and Orange Peel Fibers -A Review In recent years, there has been a surge in interest in developing novel materials for sustainable building construction made from renewable resources. The use of natural fibers in concrete reinforcement, as opposed to agricultural waste, has significant environmental benefits in terms of reducing the environmental repercussions of the continuous dumping and landfilling of massive amounts of agricultural waste in overburdened landfill sites. Banana peel fiber (BPF) and orange peel fiber (OPF) are common agro-wastes with a long history of use in concrete as an additive or a cement substitute. However, their efficiency and performance in terms of reinforcement must be assessed. The characteristics, fresh and hardened state structural performance of BPF and OPF as composite materials in sustainable concrete manufacturing are reviewed in this study based on recent findings. For quality concrete reinforcing, it was discovered that OPF and BPF have good surface areas and low specific gravity. For quality concrete reinforcing, it was discovered that OPF and BPF have good surface areas and low specific gravity. BPF and OPF, on the other hand, have significant pozzolanic binding properties of up to 97.3 %. This allows them to act as binders and supplement the high strength yielding in concrete. Furthermore, the use of BPF in concrete enhanced workability, consistency, compressive and tensile strengths, and setting times by 21.1 %, 48.64 %, 46 % and 52.5 %, and 47.37 %, respectively, whereas the use of OPF raised concrete density by 5.34 %. This indicated that both BPF and OPF had a lot of potential for producing high-quality concrete. The use of BPF and OPF to reinforce concrete and composites against flexural deflection, heat transmission, and modulus of elasticity resulted in a significant increase in concrete strength in terms of cracking, deflection, creep, and shrinkage. The inclusion of orange and banana peels in concrete was found to significantly improve the structural qualities of the concrete; thus, they can be employed as supplementary materials in the manufacturing of concrete. Finally, this study identifies new approaches for achieving the much-anticipated biodegradability and sustainability of natural fiber-reinforced composites for usage in a variety of concrete reinforcing applications. Pozzolan ; Cement ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Compressive strength ; Materials science ; Agricultural waste ; Portland cement ; Composite material ; Environmental science ; Waste management ; Engineering Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Innovative concrete reinforcement materials ; Soil Management and Crop Yield
Authors: Andreas Dannhorn | Emine Kazanç | Grégory Hamm | John G. Swales | Nicole Strittmatter | Gareth Maglennon | Richard J. A. Goodwin | Zoltán Takáts
Source: Metabolites (article, 2022-03-18)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Correlating Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Tissue-Based Pharmacokinetic Studies Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is a standard tool used for absolute quantification of drugs in pharmacokinetic (PK) studies. However, all spatial information is lost during the extraction and elucidation of a drugs biodistribution within the tissue is impossible. In the study presented here we used a sample embedding protocol optimized for mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) to prepare up to 15 rat intestine specimens at once. Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) were employed to determine the distributions and relative abundances of four benchmarking compounds in the intestinal segments. High resolution MALDI-MSI experiments performed at 10 µm spatial resolution allowed to determine the drug distribution in the different intestinal histological compartments to determine the absorbed and tissue bound fractions of the drugs. The low tissue bound drug fractions, which were determined to account for 56-66% of the total drug, highlight the importance to understand the spatial distribution of drugs within the histological compartments of a given tissue to rationalize concentration differences found in PK studies. The mean drug abundances of four benchmark compounds determined by MSI were correlated with the absolute drug concentrations. Linear regression resulted in coefficients of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) ranging from 0.532 to 0.926 for MALDI-MSI and R<sup>2</sup> values ranging from 0.585 to 0.945 for DESI-MSI, validating a quantitative relation of the imaging data. The good correlation of the absolute tissue concentrations of the benchmark compounds and the MSI data provides a bases for relative quantification of compounds within and between tissues, without normalization to an isotopically labelled standard, provided that the compared tissues have inherently similar ion suppression effects. Mass spectrometry imaging ; Chemistry ; Mass spectrometry ; Chromatography ; MALDI imaging ; Pharmacokinetics ; Tandem mass spectrometry ; Electrospray ionization ; Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization ; Desorption ; Bioinformatics Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
Authors: Anna N. Morozovska | Eugene А. Eliseev | Arpan Biswas | Hanna V. Shevliakova | Nicholas V. Morozovsky | Sergei V. Kalinin
Source: Physical review. B./Physical review. B (article, 2022-03-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Chemical control of polarization in thin strained films of a multiaxial ferroelectric: Phase diagrams and polarization rotation The emergent behaviors in thin films of a multiaxial ferroelectric (FE) due to electrochemical coupling between the rotating polarization and surface ions are explored within the framework of the 2--4 Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire (LGD) thermodynamic potential combined with the Stephenson-Highland (SH) approach. The combined LGD-SH approach allows us to describe the electrochemical switching and rotation of a polarization vector in a multiaxial ferroelectric film covered by surface ions with a charge density defined by the oxygen pressure. We calculate phase diagrams, analyze the dependence of polarization components on the applied voltage, and discuss the peculiarities of quasistatic ferroelectric, dielectric, and piezoelectric hysteresis loops in thin strained multiaxial ferroelectric films. The nonlinear surface screening by oxygen ions makes the diagrams very different from the known diagrams of, e.g., strained ${\mathrm{BaTiO}}_{3}$ films. Quite unexpectedly, we predict the appearance of ferroelectric reentrant phases. The obtained results point to the possibility to control the appearance and features of ferroelectric, dielectric, and piezoelectric hysteresis in multiaxial FE films covered with surface ions by varying their concentration via the partial oxygen pressure. The LGD-SH description of a multiaxial FE film can be further implemented within the Bayesian optimization framework, paving the way toward predictive materials optimization. Ferroelectricity ; Materials science ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Dielectric ; Piezoelectricity ; Phase diagram ; Ion ; Hysteresis ; Thin film ; Condensed matter physics ; Phase (matter) ; Nanotechnology ; Optoelectronics ; Composite material ; Physics ; Chemistry ; Physical chemistry Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials ; Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies ; Multiferroics and related materials
Authors: Takuya Yamamoto | Shogo Hatayama | Yuji Sutou
Source: Materials & Design (article, 2022-03-17)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Design strategy of phase change material properties for low-energy memory application Aiming at reducing energy consumptions in data writing, the development of new memory materials is highly required. To develop new phase change materials (PCMs) with extremely low operation energy used in non-volatile memory, such as storage-class memory, we performed Bayesian optimization for the physical properties of PCMs through numerical simulations. In this numerical simulation, the electrical potential and temperature distribution were solved simultaneously. It was found that a PCM with low thermal conductivity, low melting temperature, and low ratio of contact resistance to volumetric resistance results in a low operation energy of a PCM-based memory application. Finally, we developed a design strategy for PCMs. New PCMs should be developed by lowering the operation energy E, described as E = κ(1 + C)ΔT/Δz, where κ is the thermal conductivity of the PCM, ΔT is the melting temperature, C is the ratio of contact resistance to the volumetric resistance, and Δz is the thickness of the PCM. The present results clarify the relationship between thermal and electrical properties for lowering operation energy ever hidden in previous studies. According to the design strategy, an operation energy in phase change memory application can be decreased to less than 1/100 compared with conventional Ge-Sb-Te compounds. Materials science ; Thermal conductivity ; Phase-change material ; Phase-change memory ; Composite material ; Thermal ; Phase change ; Thermal energy storage ; Energy (signal processing) ; Melting temperature ; Energy storage ; Nuclear engineering ; Contact resistance ; Phase (matter) ; Shape-memory alloy ; Mechanical engineering ; Thermodynamics ; Power (physics) Phase-change materials and chalcogenides ; Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials ; Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
Authors: P. Sánchez | J.M. Ezquerro | D. Gligor | Ú. Martínez | José M. Garcı́a Fernández | I. Tinao
Source: 4th Symposium on Space Educational Activities (article, 2022-04-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

The “Effect of Marangoni convection on heat transfer in Phase Change Materials” experiment, from a student project to the International Space Station This manuscript summarizes the educational and scientific outcome of the Research-based learning activities performed in the bachelor’s, master’s, and doctorate programmes in aerospace engineering at the Technical University of Madrid. The activities are related to the line of research in Phase Change Materials in microgravity developed at the Spanish User Support and Operations Centre. The principal scientific results obtained during these years are outlined, drawing particular attention to those related to the “Thermocapillary Effects in Phase Change Materials in Microgravity” experiment and the “Effect of Marangoni convection on heat transfer in Phase Change Materials” project. The outcomes of this research are discussed from an educational perspective. Since 2016, we observe an increased interest from students to participate in research activities, which has had direct positive impact on the production of scientific results Bachelor ; Aerospace ; Phase change ; Marangoni effect ; Convection ; Perspective (graphical) ; Phase (matter) ; Heat transfer ; Engineering ; Computer science ; Meteorology ; Engineering physics ; Aerospace engineering ; Mechanics ; Physics ; Political science Solidification and crystal growth phenomena ; Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
Authors: Ana Sousa | Tiago Ribeiro | Maria João Veloso da Costa Ramos Pereira | Henrique A. Matos
Source: Energies (article, 2022-12-22)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Review of the Economic and Environmental Impacts of Producing Waxy Crude Oils Within the oil and gas industry, there is unanimity that wax deposits-driven pipeline blockages are a critical environmental concern and an economic liability of up to billions of dollars. However, a quantitative assessment of such an impact and, especially, of the different individual impacts that add up is absent from the current scientific literature. Such a gap is a deterrent for better-focused research. Given the production transition to heavy and paraffinic oils, harsh climatic zones, and extremely deep offshore oilfields, an extensive investigation is increasingly needed. The current endeavour was inspired by such a challenge and a review of the most recent technical and scientific publications was devised. A PRISMA-inspired and adapted methodology for systematic reviews was adopted. Over two hundred research articles, conference papers, books, theses, reviews, public databases and industry and government agencies reports were considered. As a result, a significant research gap is filled, both with the compilation, critical revision, and systematisation of the dispersed published scientific and technical data on the matter and with the definition of a quantitative economic impact appraisal for the wax deposition issue. Government (linguistics) ; Unanimity ; Environmental impact assessment ; Environmental planning ; Business ; Natural resource economics ; Environmental science ; Political science ; Economics ; Law Petroleum Processing and Analysis ; Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation ; Oil, Gas, and Environmental Issues
Authors: Leong Poh Yan | Subash C. B. Gopinath | Sreeramanan Subramanıam | Yeng Chen | Palaniyandi Velusamy | Suresh V. Chinni | Gobinath Ramachawolran | Veeranjaneya Reddy Lebaka
Source: Frontiers in Chemistry (review, 2022-09-20)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Greener synthesis of nanostructured iron oxide for medical and sustainable agro-environmental benefits Nanoscale iron oxide-based nanostructures are among the most apparent metallic nanostructures, having great potential and attracting substantial interest due to their unique superparamagnetic properties. The green production of nanostructures has received abundant attention and been actively explored recently because of their various beneficial applications and properties across different fields. The biosynthesis of the nanostructure using green technology by the manipulation of a wide variety of plant materials has been the focus because it is biocompatible, non-toxic, and does not include any harmful substances. Biological methods using agro-wastes under green synthesis have been found to be simple, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective in generating iron oxide-based nanostructures instead of physical and chemical methods. Polysaccharides and biomolecules in agro-wastes could be utilized as stabilizers and reducing agents for the green production of nanostructured iron oxide towards a wide range of benefits. This review discusses the green production of iron oxide-based nanostructures through a simple and eco-friendly method and its potential applications in medical and sustainable agro-environments. This overview provides different ways to expand the usage of iron oxide nanomaterials in different sectors. Further, provided the options to select an appropriate plant towards the specific applications in agriculture and other sectors with the recommended future directions. Nanotechnology ; Environmentally friendly ; Nanostructure ; Biocompatible material ; Nanomaterials ; Oxide ; Biochemical engineering ; Materials science ; Engineering ; Ecology ; Metallurgy Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Iron oxide chemistry and applications
Authors: Henk Sentjens | Augustinus J. J. Kragt | Johan Lub | Mart D. T. Claessen | Vera E. Buurman | Joris Schreppers | Henk A. Gongriep | Albertus P. H. J. Schenning
Source: Macromolecules (article, 2022-12-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Programming Thermochromic Liquid Crystal Hetero-Oligomers for Near-Infrared Reflectors: Unequal Incorporation of Similar Reactive Mesogens in Thiol-ene Oligomers Cholesteric liquid crystal oligomers are widely researched for their interesting thermochromic properties. However, structure-property relationships to program the thermochromic properties of these oligomers have been rarely reported. In this work, we use the versatile thiol-ene click reaction to synthesize a series of hetero-oligomers and study the impact of different compositions on the thermochromic behavior of the resulting material. Characterization of the oligomers shows significantly different rates of reaction for the monomers despite their very similar structures, which leads to oligomer compositions that do not match the original reaction feed. The oligomers are then used to produce thin near-infrared reflecting coatings. The best-performing thermochromic reflector has a room-temperature reflection band that shifts a total of 510 nanometers upon heating to 120 °C. The shift is repeatable for up to 10 times with no appreciable degradation. The room temperature reflection of the coatings is shown to be tunable not only by adjusting the chiral dopant concentration but also by the ratio of the monomers. Finally, we show that the oligomers can be chemically modified by making their reactive end groups undergo a reaction with monothiol compounds. These modifications allow for further fine-tuning of liquid crystal oligomers for heat-regulating window films, for example. Thermochromism ; Ene reaction ; Thiol ; Polymer chemistry ; Infrared ; Oligomer ; Liquid crystal ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Optics Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry ; Liquid Crystal Research Advancements ; Advanced Materials and Mechanics
Authors: Sabrina Anderson Beker | Ivan Cole | Andrew S. Ball
Source: Water (review, 2022-05-03)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A Review on the Catalytic Remediation of Dyes by Tailored Carbon Dots Water polluted with dyes has become a serious global concern during the twenty-first century, especially for developing countries. Such types of environmental contaminant pose a severe threat to biodiversity, ecosystems, and human health globally; therefore, its treatment is an utmost requirement. Advanced technologies including the use of nanomaterials represent a promising water treatment technology with high efficiencies, low production costs, and green synthesis. Among the nanomaterials, carbon dots, as a new class of carbon-based nanoparticles, have attracted attention due to their unique features and advantages over other nanomaterials, which include high water solubility, easy fabrication and surface functionalisation, excellent electron-donating ability, and low toxicity. Such properties make carbon dots potential nanocatalysts for the Fenton-like degradation of environmental pollutants in water. Although recent studies show that carbon dots can successfully catalyse the degradation of dyes, there are still limited and controversial studies on the ecotoxicity and fate of these nanoparticles in the environment. In this review, the authors aim to summarise the recent research advances in water remediation by technologies using carbon dots, discuss important properties and factors for optimised catalytic remediation, and provide critical analysis of ecotoxicity issues and the environmental fate of these nanoparticles. Ecotoxicity ; Environmental remediation ; Nanomaterial-based catalyst ; Carbon Nanoparticles ; Environmental science ; Nanotechnology ; Carbon fibers ; Nanomaterials ; Pollutant ; Environmental chemistry ; Nanoparticle ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Contamination ; Ecology Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications ; Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques ; Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis
Authors: Xuxing Lu | Deep Punj | Michel Orrit
Source: RSC Advances (article, 2022-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Controlled synthesis of gold nanorod dimers with end-to-end configurations End-to-end gold nanorod dimers provide unique plasmonic hotspots with extremely large near-field enhancements in the gaps. Thereby they are beneficial in a wide range of applications, such as enhancing the emissions from ultra-weak emitters. For practical purposes, synthesis of gold nanorod dimers with high yield, especially on the substrates, is essential. Here, we demonstrate two controllable strategies to synthesize gold nanorod dimers based on the self-assembly of gold nanorods, either in bulk solution or on the surface of a glass substrate directly. Both methods can give a high yield of gold nanorod dimers, yet, assembling them directly on the substrate provides more flexibility in controlling the shape and size of each nanorod within the dimer. We also show that these gold nanorod dimers can be used to enhance two-photon-excited fluorescence signals at the single-molecule level. Nanorod ; End-to-end principle ; Materials science ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Computer science ; Computer network Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics
Authors: Gülşah Öner
Source: Open Chemistry (article, 2022-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Flexural strength and thermal properties of carbon black nanoparticle reinforced epoxy composites obtained from waste tires Abstract In this study, both mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy@carbon black nanocomposite (EP@CB-NC) produced by adding 0.3, 0.6, and 1% by weight carbon black nanoparticle obtained from waste automobile tires to epoxy were investigated. The chemical and structural composition of EP@CB-NC was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, simultaneous thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments, and thermal conductivity measurements were performed to determine the thermal stability of the prepared EP@CB-NC. Increasing the strength of modified epoxy composites by means of nanoparticles obtained with waste may pave the way for obtaining new materials with clean environment and superior properties. The mechanical and thermal properties were improved by adding carbon black to the bare samples. Epoxy ; Materials science ; Carbon black ; Differential scanning calorimetry ; Composite material ; Thermogravimetric analysis ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Flexural strength ; Thermal stability ; Nanocomposite ; Scanning electron microscope ; Thermal conductivity ; Nanoparticle ; Carbon fibers ; Chemical engineering ; Composite number ; Natural rubber ; Nanotechnology Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties ; Fiber-reinforced polymer composites ; Epoxy Resin Curing Processes