jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Serhii Hrynchak
Source: Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies (article, 2024-06-28)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

Determining performance characteristics of jet water-gas ejectors for an opening in a vertical fencing structure The object of this study is jet water-gas ejectors (JWGEs) in the system for ensuring fire safety of ships. The problem that was solved: in the event of a fire, in the shortest possible time, a high temperature rises in the area of ​​the exit from the ship's emergency room and a large amount of smoke spreads throughout the ship's premises. These factors require immediate sealing of the emergency room, which limits the immediate access of emergency teams to the interior. Installation of a local air support system based on JWGE in the doorway could make it possible to shield thermal energy and localize smoke gases in the emergency room without sealing it to ensure prompt access of emergency teams. The main results that were achieved relate to the adequacy of theoretical studies on the processes of localization of flue gases in the emergency room without its sealing confirmed by the experimental method. The investigated problem was solved by optimizing processes: the intensity of smoke emission from the working characteristics of jet water-gas ejectors; the rate of change of the natural indicator of the weakening of the environment at the start of JWGE system; speed of reaching the required temperature from the time in the adjacent room. Special feature of the results was the formation of an air curtain, obtained by the selection of a part of high-temperature flue gases into the JWGE housing, their heat and mass exchange treatment and output back into the flow. This created conditions under which thermal energy shielding occurs with a fairly high efficiency of 85–88 %. And it was also established that the decrease in the intensity of gas exchange through the open hole, in which the JWGE works, occurs already at the 0.3 MPa regime in the fire pipeline. The scope and conditions of practical use of the reported results are shipbuilding and ship fire safety design Flue gas ; Environmental science ; Nozzle ; Jet (fluid) ; Smoke ; Marine engineering ; Nuclear engineering ; Petroleum engineering ; Waste management ; Engineering ; Mechanical engineering ; Aerospace engineering Material Properties and Applications ; Marine and Coastal Research ; Engineering Diagnostics and Reliability
Authors: Mirken Abakanov | Izim Dyussembayev | Mermurat Nigmetov
Source: Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies (article, 2024-06-28)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Identifying the effect of low-cycle fatigue of reinforced concrete structures on the properties of the reducing coefficient under the action of a seismic type load The object of consideration is seismic design, and the subject of the study is the determination of the reduction coefficient. One of the important problems of earthquake-resistant design is to determine the effect of low-cycle fatigue of reinforced concrete on the reduction coefficient and determine its optimal value. This problem is not disclosed and is not specifically taken into account in the standards for earthquake engineering when determining the maximum bearing capacity of types of structures due to the lack of study of the issue. To solve the problem, a series of experimental studies were carried out on low-cycle fatigue of reinforced concrete bending elements and frame units. The range of results of the reduction coefficient values and the degree of influence of monocyclic fatigue on the properties of the reduction coefficient are obtained. A feature and characteristic of the results obtained is that the reduction coefficient Rμ depends on the nature of the hysteresis deformation pattern and the plastic life of structural elements estimated by the plasticity coefficient μ, which is significantly influenced by low-cycle fatigue manifested at peak accelerations of strong seismic impacts. The above test algorithm, the feature and characteristics of the results obtained made it possible to solve the problem under study. The results obtained are accepted for practical use in the action of seismic loads: on the calculation of strength taking into account new low-cycle coefficients, reduction coefficients for determining the spectra of design reactions and seismic loads, taking into account energy absorption. New reduction coefficients are proposed for determining the spectra of calculated reactions and seismic loads Structural engineering ; Reduction (mathematics) ; Strength reduction ; Hysteresis ; Range (aeronautics) ; Deformation (meteorology) ; Seismic analysis ; Action (physics) ; Bending ; Series (stratigraphy) ; Materials science ; Mathematics ; Geology ; Engineering ; Finite element method ; Geometry ; Physics ; Composite material Structural mechanics and materials ; Material Properties and Failure Mechanisms ; Fire effects on concrete materials
Authors: Emilio J. Estrada | Juan Manuel Márquez | Diego Portillo-Sánchez | Pablo Roig
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-11-11)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Proton-box contribution to $a_μ^{\rm{HLbL}}$ We analyze the proton$\text{-}$box contribution to the hadronic light$\text{-}$by$\text{-}$light part of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment, which is the first reported baryonic contribution to this piece. We follow the quark$\text{-}$loop analysis, incorporating the relevant data$\text{-}$driven and lattice proton form factors. Although the heavy mass expansion would yield a contribution of $\mathcal{O}(10^{-10})$, the damping of the form factors in the regions where the kernel peaks, explains our finding $a_μ^{\rm{p-box}}=1.82 (7)\times 10^{-12}$, two orders of magnitude smaller than the forthcoming uncertainty on the $a_μ$ measurement and on its Standard Model prediction. Proton ; Physics ; Nuclear physics Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications ; Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes ; Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Authors: Zh.D. Malikova
Source: PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

JOINT «FLIGHT»: TESTING AND PRACTICE «Бір рет ұшқан адамның, үнемі көзі аспанды аңсайды» дейді халық даналығы. Алғаш рет «Полет» деп аталатын оқу-әдістемелік кешенмен рецензент ретінде танысқанда осы жайт менің де басымнан да өтті (1). Оқу-әдістемелік кешен ерекше тартымды. Орыс тілі әлемін жарқын, заманауи, қызықты етіп сипаттаған саяхат-кітапқа қызыққаным соншалық, Астана қаласында орналасқан № 72 мектеп-лицейіндегі өз оқушыларыммен жұмыс барысында қосымша құрал ретінде пайдаланғым келді. Дәл осы кезеңде мен бастауыш сыныптарында сабақ беріп жүргенмін. Атап өтетін жайт, қазақ сыныптары болғанымен, оқушыларым кириллицамен таныс еді. Орыс тілі бойынша екінші сыныптарға арналған сабақ барысында Қазақстан Республикасы Оқу-ағарту министрлігі ұсынған оқулық қолданылды (2). Joint (building) ; Aeronautics ; Computer science ; Engineering ; Structural engineering Material Properties and Applications
Authors: Abigail Hunter
Source:  (article, 2024-09-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Mesoscale Investigation of Dislocation-Grain Boundary Interactions in Metals and Alloys The current database includes <110> and <112> symmetric tilt boundaries for one dislocation interaction position per structure and three values of applied pure shear stresses -250, 500, and 750 MPa (2000+ data points and growing) 150 nm for <112> tilts, 100 nm for <110> tilts 120 nm for <112> tilts, 50 nm for <110> tilts Grain Boundary -Dislocation Interactions 9/18/2024 | 9 Los Alamos National Laboratory Different grain boundarydislocation reactions were observed depending on the grain boundary -Pinning, Absorption, Partial/Full Dislocation Transmission -Examples shown for Cu <112> symmetric tilt boundary with edge dislocation impingement. All reactions are taken at the duration of the simulation, ~500ps. Mesoscale meteorology ; Grain boundary ; Materials science ; Dislocation ; Metallurgy ; Geology ; Composite material ; Microstructure ; Climatology Microstructure and mechanical properties ; Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels ; Metallurgy and Material Forming
Authors: D. Ho | Robert Pincus
Source:  (preprint, 2024-10-07)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Two-Streams Revisited: General Equations, Exact Coefficients, and Optimized Closures • A general form of the Two-Stream Equations better lends itself to physical interpretation than the standard form. • Numerically-optimized coupling coefficients reproduce shortwave reflectance and transmittance accurate to within 10 −4. • These optimized coefficients explain the accuracy regimes of existing two-stream closures. STREAMS ; Mathematics ; Applied mathematics ; Econometrics ; Mathematical economics ; Computer science Electrostatics and Colloid Interactions
Authors: Vũ Chí Công
Source: Journal of Science and Technology in Civil Engineering (JSTCE) - HUCE (article, 2024-02-26)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Dự báo ứng xử chịu cắt của bê tông cốt sợi thép có xét đến ảnh hưởng của định hướng sợi bằng phương pháp giải tích Ảnh hưởng của định hướng sợi thép tới tác dụng gia cường bê tông ở nhiều trạng thái nứt khác nhau là rất đáng kể tuy nhiên thường khó định lượng. Bài báo này trình bày một nghiên cứu lý thuyết, giải thích cơ chế hoạt động của sợi dưới chuyển động mở rộng và trượt kết hợp của vết nứt thông qua phương pháp giải tích. Phương pháp này cho phép ước lượng ứng suất pháp và ứng suất tiếp tại vết nứt có độ mở rộng và độ trượt cụ thể. Hàm giải tích của những ứng suất liên kết này là tổ hợp tuyến tính của các ứng suất liên kết của sợi và ứng suất liên kết của bê tông tương ứng. Phân bố của định hướng sợi được tham số hóa bằng hàm thống kê hai biến. Sự biến thiên của mô hình được định lượng bằng một số mô phỏng trên các tham số vật liệu quan trọng. Kết quả của mô phỏng thí nghiệm cắt trực tiếp cho thấy ước lượng của phương pháp là tương đối tốt và có nhiều tiềm năng phát triển. Chemistry ; Stereochemistry Structural mechanics and materials ; Geodetic Measurements and Engineering Structures
Authors: Ulan Altigenov | Aliy Bespaev | Assel Tulebekova | Ye. Zharkenov
Source: Bulletin of L N Gumilyov Eurasian National University Technical Science and Technology Series (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Experimental evaluation of the strength of the floor slab of a volume block Modular construction is a new method that uses standardized blocks to construct buildings quickly and efficiently. This approach can significantly reduce construction time and costs, as well as improve the accuracy and quality of work. One of the key aspects of modular construction is careful design and material selection to ensure that structures are durable and safe. The study presents an experimental evaluation of the strength of the floor slab of a volumetric block. The research methodology includes the creation of laboratory conditions to recreate real operational situations, as well as the application of modern methods of measurement and data analysis. The results obtained allow conclusions to be drawn on the strength characteristics of the floor slab, which showed that the experimental failure load exceeded the control failure load by 11%. The vertical deflections of the slab before failure did not exceed 8 mm, which characterizes the floor slab as having high stiffness. The information obtained is an important basis for designing and constructing buildings where volume block is used. The work significantly contributes to the efficiency of construction processes and provides more reliable structural performance, which is critically important in the field of construction industry and engineering solutions. Block (permutation group theory) ; Volume (thermodynamics) ; Slab ; Geology ; Geotechnical engineering ; Structural engineering ; Materials science ; Engineering ; Geometry ; Mathematics ; Physics ; Geophysics ; Thermodynamics Structural mechanics and materials ; Structural Analysis of Composite Materials ; Hygrothermal properties of building materials
Authors: Jun Gao | ChongYang Liu | XiaoMin Shen | Hongxi Xing | Y. X. Zhao
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Simultaneous Determination of Fragmentation Functions and Test on Momentum Sum Rule We perform a simultaneous global analysis of hadron fragmentation functions (FFs) to various charged hadrons at next-to-leading order in QCD. The world data set includes results from electron-positron single-inclusive annihilation, semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering, as well as proton-proton collisions including jet fragmentation measurements which lead to strong constraints on the gluon fragmentations. By carefully selecting hadron kinematics to ensure the validity of QCD factorization and the convergence of perturbative calculations, we achieve a satisfying best fit with $χ^2/$d.o.f.$=0.90$, in the simultaneous extraction of FFs for light charged hadrons ($π^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$ and $p/\bar{p}$). The total momentum of $u$, $d$ quarks and gluon carried by light charged hadrons have been determined precisely. That urges future precision measurements on fragmentation to neutral hadrons, which are crucial for the test of fundamental sum rules in QCD fragmentation. Fragmentation (computing) ; Sum rule in quantum mechanics ; Mathematics ; Momentum (technical analysis) ; Physics ; Computer science ; Economics ; Particle physics ; Financial economics High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior
Authors: Rui Wang | Dandan Jiang
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-01-08)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Inference on testing the number of spikes in a high-dimensional generalized spiked Fisher matrix The spiked Fisher matrix is a significant topic for two-sample problems in multivariate statistical inference. This paper is dedicated to testing the number of spikes in a high-dimensional generalized spiked Fisher matrix that relaxes the Gaussian population assumption and the diagonal constraints on the population covariance matrices. First, we propose a general test statistic predicated on partial linear spectral statistics to test the number of spikes, then establish the central limit theorem (CLT) for this statistic under the null hypothesis. Second, we apply the CLT to address two statistical problems: variable selection in high-dimensional linear regression and change point detection. For each test problem, we construct new statistics and derive their asymptotic distributions under the null hypothesis. Finally, simulations and empirical analysis are conducted to demonstrate the remarkable effectiveness and generality of our proposed methods across various scenarios. Mathematics ; Statistical hypothesis testing ; Inference ; Outlier ; Statistical inference ; Covariance matrix ; Population ; Statistics ; Linear model ; Covariance ; Null hypothesis ; Sample (material) ; Applied mathematics ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Statistical Methods and Inference ; Advanced Statistical Methods and Models
Authors: Shiyu He | Samuel W. K. Wong
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-01-09)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Spatio-temporal data fusion for the analysis of in situ and remote sensing data using the INLA-SPDE approach We propose a Bayesian hierarchical model to address the challenge of spatial misalignment in spatio-temporal data obtained from in situ and satellite sources. The model is fit using the INLA-SPDE approach, which provides efficient computation. Our methodology combines the different data sources in a "fusion"" model via the construction of projection matrices in both spatial and temporal domains. Through simulation studies, we demonstrate that the fusion model has superior performance in prediction accuracy across space and time compared to standalone "in situ" and "satellite" models based on only in situ or satellite data, respectively. The fusion model also generally outperforms the standalone models in terms of parameter inference. Such a modeling approach is motivated by environmental problems, and our specific focus is on the analysis and prediction of harmful algae bloom (HAB) events, where the convention is to conduct separate analyses based on either in situ samples or satellite images. A real data analysis shows that the proposed model is a necessary step towards a unified characterization of bloom dynamics and identifying the key drivers of HAB events. Computer science ; Sensor fusion ; Satellite ; Data mining ; Inference ; Projection (relational algebra) ; Data modeling ; Focus (optics) ; Artificial intelligence ; Algorithm ; Engineering Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Data-Driven Disease Surveillance ; Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
Authors: Ryszard Horodecki
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-08-20)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Does Quantum Information Require Additional Structure? We consider the status of quantum information in the quantum theory and based on the correspondence principle, we propose an interpretation of the wave function as a mathematical representation of quantum information. We consider Clauser's analysis of incompatibility formulations of quantum theory in laboratory space and configuration-space in the context of local realism. Then, we introduce the hypothesis of quantum space of directly unobserved relations, which precede quantum correlations, and are compatible with the Reichenbach common cause principle. The possible implications of the hypothesis are discussed in the context of the latest experimental and theoretical results on the dynamics of entanglement formation in helium atoms. Finally, we present the Chyliński model as an example of quantum relational continuum space, which predicts potentially measurable effects for the bound states. Computer science ; Business History and advancements in chemistry
Authors: Sophia R. Vaughan | Jayne Birkby | Niranjan Thatte | Alexis Carlotti | M. Houllé | M. Pereira-Santaella | Fraser Clarke | A. Vigan | Zifan Lin | Lisa Kaltenegger
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-01-17)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Behind the Mask: can HARMONI@ELT detect biosignatures in the reflected light of Proxima b? Proxima b is a rocky exoplanet in the habitable zone of the nearest star system and a key test case in the search for extraterrestrial life. Here, we investigate the characterization of a potential Earth-like atmosphere around Proxima b in reflected light via molecule mapping, combining high resolution spectroscopy (HRS) and high contrast imaging, using the first-generation integral field spectrograph HARMONI on the $39$-m Extremely Large Telescope. We simulate comprehensive observations of Proxima b at an assumed $45^{\circ}$ inclination using HARMONI's High Contrast Adaptive Optics mode, with spatial resolution $\sim 8$mas ($3.88$mas/spaxel) and spectral resolving power $R\simeq17,000$ between $1.538$--$1.678 μm$, containing the spectral features of water, carbon dioxide and methane. Tellurics, stellar features, and additional noise sources are included, and removed using established molecule mapping techniques. We find that HARMONI's current focal plane mask (FPM) is too large and obscures the orbit of Proxima b and thus explore smaller and offset FPMs to yield a detection. A $\rm{S/N}=5$ detection of Proxima b's reflected light, suitable for atmospheric characterisation, is possible with such modifications, requiring a minimum of $20$ hours, but ideally at least $30$ hours of integration time. We highlight that such detections do not scale with the photon noise, hence suitably detailed simulations of future instruments for the ELTs are needed to fully understand their ability to perform HRS observations of exoplanet atmospheres. Alterations to the HARMONI FPM design are feasible at this stage, but must be considered in context of other science cases. Exoplanet ; Planet ; Coronagraph ; Physics ; Remote sensing ; Planetary habitability ; James Webb Space Telescope ; Spectrograph ; Integral field spectrograph ; Telescope ; Astronomy ; Astrobiology ; Environmental science ; Optics ; Geology ; Spectral line Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies ; Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
Authors: P. Cortes-Zuleta | I. Boisse | Merwan Ould-Elhkim | T. G. Wilson | P. Larue | A. Carmona | X. Delfosse | J. -F. Donati | T. Forveille | C. Moutou | A. Collier Cameron | E. Artigau | L. Acuña | Lisa Altinier | N. Astudillo-Defru | Clément Baruteau | X. Bonfils | S. Cabrit | C. Cadieux | N. J. Cook | E. Decocq | R. F. Díaz | P. Fouqué | J. Gomes da Silva | K. Grankin | S. Grouffal | N. Hara | G. Hébrard | N. Heidari | J. H. C. Martins | Eder Martioli | Maxime Maurice | J. Scigliuto | J. Serrano Bell | S. Sulis | Antoine C. Petit | H. G. Vivien
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2024-11-14)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Gl 725A b: a potential super-Earth detected with SOPHIE and SPIRou in an M dwarf binary system at 3.5 pc We report the discovery of a super-Earth candidate orbiting the nearby mid M dwarf Gl\,725A using the radial velocity (RV) method. The planetary signal has been independently identified using high-precision RVs from the SOPHIE and SPIRou spectrographs, in the optical and near-infrared domains, respectively. We modelled the stellar activity signal jointly with the planet using two Gaussian Processes, one for each instrument to account for the chromaticity of the stellar activity and instrumental systematics, along with a Keplerian model. The signal is significantly detected with a RV semi-amplitude of $1.67\pm0.20$ m/s. The planet Gl 725A b is found to be in an orbit compatible with circular with a period of $11.2201\pm0.0051$ days. We analysed 27 sectors of TESS photometry on which no transit event was found. We determined a minimum mass of $M_{p}\sin{i}=2.78\pm0.35\,M_{\oplus}$ which places the planet in the super-Earth regime. Using Mass-Radius relationships we predict a planetary radius to be between 1.2 and $2.0\,R_{\oplus}$. The proximity of Gl 725A, of only 3.5 pc, makes this new exoplanet one of the closest to Earth and joins the group of S-type low-mass planets in short orbits ($P&lt;15$ d) around close M dwarfs. Binary number ; Earth (classical element) ; Physics ; Astrophysics ; Astronomy ; Mathematics ; Arithmetic Crystal Structures and Properties ; Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography ; High-pressure geophysics and materials
Authors: Michael Sudduth
Source: Journal of Scientific Exploration (article, 2024-10-14)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

The Augustine-Braude Bigelow Survival Debate: A Postmortem and Prospects for Future Directions In 2021, the Bigelow Institute for Consciousness Studies (hereafter, BICS) sponsored an essay competition designed to solicit the best evidence for the hypothesis that human consciousness survives bodily death, and more specifically, evidence that would prove this hypothesis beyond a reasonable doubt. The summer 2022 issue of the Journal of Scientific Exploration featured a special subsection on the BICS contest and its winning essays. Robert Bigelow and Colm Kelleher outlined the motivation, design, and judging criteria for the competition. Keith Augustine provided an extensive critical commentary on the contest design and eight of its prominent winning essays. Stephen Braude and several coauthors1 responded to Augustine’s criticisms, and Augustine provided a reply to Braude and his collaborators. Finally, the subsection concluded with a collaborative paper in which Etienne LeBel, Adam Rock, and Keith Augustine proposed a more rigorous experimental design for testing the survival hypothesis. Philosophy ; Psychoanalysis ; Psychology ; Medicine History and advancements in chemistry