jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Mary Alice Cusentino | Mitchell Wood | Aidan P. Thompson
Source:  (article, 2022-02-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Development of SNAP Interatomic Potentials for Gas-Metal Interactions for Fusion Energy Materials. Abstract not provided. Fusion ; Snap ; Materials science ; Interatomic potential ; Metal ; Energy (signal processing) ; Chemical physics ; Chemistry ; Computer science ; Physics ; Molecular dynamics ; Metallurgy ; Computational chemistry ; Quantum mechanics Fusion materials and technologies ; Magnetic confinement fusion research ; Nuclear Materials and Properties
Authors: Yilin Jiang | Yuxuan Pan | Chengyue Yan | Jinxin Li
Source:  (preprint, 2022-08-29)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Reflected Beam Metasurface Controlled by Reinforcement Learning Metasurface is a new type of electromagnetic material based on the generalized Snell theorem . It can achieve different reflection and incidence effects from natural materials, which has attracted extensive attention in the field of electromagnetics. In this paper, a one-dimensional metasurface is designed and simulated which can change the reflected electromagnetic wave beam. The additional phase difference on the metasurface unit is controlled by 1 bit coding to control the direction of the reflected wave beam. Combined with the Deep Q Network algorithm in the reinforcement learning tool, the coding corresponding to the beam meeting the target direction is found. Reinforcement learning ; Phase control ; Beam (structure) ; Coding (social sciences) ; Electromagnetics ; Optics ; Reflection (computer programming) ; Physics ; Computer science ; Electromagnetic radiation ; Phase (matter) ; Mathematics ; Artificial intelligence ; Engineering physics ; Quantum mechanics Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Antenna Design and Analysis ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies
Authors: Avezova N.I. | Ismatullaev P.R.
Source: Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (article, 2022-12-21)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

STATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THERMAL CONVERTERS OF MOISTURE CONTENT OF LIQUID MATERIALS Static characteristic, thermal converter, heating element, reliability, operating mode, humidity. In this paper, the main characteristics of thermal converters of moisture content of liquid materials are investigated. The static characteristics of the thermal moisture transducer of liquid materials were studied for three possible modes of operation: - at a constant heating power PНЭ=const; - at constant temperature difference ΔT=const; - with discrete switching on and off of the heating element. It is shown that a simpler and more reliable mode of operation takes place at PNE=const, which is quite suitable for automatic control systems for the moisture content of liquid materials. Water content ; Converters ; Thermal ; Materials science ; Content (measure theory) ; Environmental science ; Moisture ; Composite material ; Engineering ; Thermodynamics ; Geotechnical engineering ; Electrical engineering ; Physics ; Mathematics Material Properties and Applications ; Coal Combustion and Slurry Processing
Authors: Étienne Pruliére | Yves Chemisky
Source: SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository (article, 2022-05-01)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

3MAH : un ensemble de librairies pour analyser le comportement complexe de matériaux hétérogènes Nous proposons un ensemble de librairies open-source permettant d’analyser le comportement de matériaux hétérogènes, en intégrant trois principaux outils de simulation complémentaires : une librairie de génération de microstructures virtuelles (microgen), une librairie de simulation par éléments finis (fedoo) et une librairie de comportement de matériaux (simcoon). Une attention particulière est portée à la simulation automatisée d’un grand nombre de cas d’étude (pour la génération de bases de données d’apprentissage, par exemple), et à la portée pédagogique de ces outils (utilisation systématique du langage python). Materials science ; Physics Pigment Synthesis and Properties
Authors: Raffaele Cucuzza | Rosso Marco Martino | Angelo Aloisio | Jonathan Melchiorre | Lo Giudice Mario | Marano Giuseppe Carlo
Source: Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (article, 2022-05-11)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Size and Shape Optimization of a Guyed Mast Structure under Wind, Ice and Seismic Loading This paper discusses the size and shape optimization of a guyed radio mast for radiocommunications. The considered structure represents a widely industrial solution due to the recent spread of 5G and 6G mobile networks. The guyed radio mast was modeled with the finite element software SAP2000 and optimized through a genetic optimization algorithm (GA). The optimization exploits the open application programming interfaces (OAPI) SAP2000-Matlab. Static and dynamic analyses were carried out to provide realistic design scenarios of the mast structure. The authors considered the action of wind, ice, and seismic loads as variable loads. A parametric study on the most critical design variables includes several optimization scenarios to minimize the structure’s total self-weight by varying the most relevant parameters selected by a preliminary sensitivity analysis. In conclusion, final design considerations are discussed by highlighting the best optimization scenario in terms of the objective function and the number of parameters involved in the analysis. Mast (botany) ; Geology ; Structural engineering ; Geotechnical engineering ; Engineering ; Mast cell ; Biology Textile materials and evaluations ; Material Properties and Processing ; Collagen: Extraction and Characterization
Authors: Chuqiao Shi | Nannan Mao | Jing Kong | Yimo Han
Source: Microscopy and Microanalysis (article, 2022-07-22)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Uncovering In-Plane Domain Structures in Two-Dimensional Ferroelectric SnSe Using Machine-Learning Assisted 4D-STEM Ferroelectric two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted growing attention because they retain a strong in-plane polarization down to the monolayer limit. Among these 2D ferroelectrics, group-IV monochalcogenides, including SnTe, SnSe, and SnS, contain strongly coupled in-plane ferroelectric polarization and spontaneous lattice strain In this work, we studied 2D SnSe using a machinelearning-assisted 4D-STEM approach developed in our group Nanoengineering ; Library science ; Domain (mathematical analysis) ; Ferroelectricity ; Editorial board ; Engineering physics ; Engineering ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer science ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Electrical engineering ; Mathematics 2D Materials and Applications ; Perovskite Materials and Applications ; Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
Authors: Mohammad Amin Rashidi | Mohammad Reza Khademahmadi | Yousef Kazemzadeh | Masoud Riazi
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2022-10-17)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Modeling minimum miscibility pressure using multiple mixing cells: Comparison of injection of gases enriched with Naphta, LPG, and NGL Abstract The increase in oil production from hydrocarbon reservoirs has always been of interest due to the increase in global oil consumption. One of the effective and useful methods for enhancing oil recovery from hydrocarbon reservoirs is gas injection. Injectable gas can be injected into two modes of miscible and immiscible, but in order to inject more efficiently and efficiently, different factors, including Minimum Miscibility Pressure (MMP) in the gas near-miscible injection mode should be investigated and determined. In order to investigate the minimum miscible pressure, different laboratory and simulation methods have been prepared and developed. In this method, the theory of multiple mixing cells is used to simulate, calculate and compare the minimum miscible pressure in gas injection enriched with Naptha, LPG, and NGL. Also vaporizing and condensing process is also considered in the simulation. The constructed model is presented with a new algorithm. This modeling has been validated and compared with laboratory results. The results showed that dry gas enriched by NAFTA due to having more intermediate compounds at lower pressure (16 MPa) is miscible. In addition, dry gas, due to very light compounds needs higher pressures (20 MPa) than all enriched gases for miscibility. Therefore, to enrich gas, Naptha can be a good option for injecting rich gas into oil reservoirs. Miscibility ; Mixing (physics) ; Petroleum engineering ; Dry gas ; Hydrocarbon ; Chemistry ; Associated petroleum gas ; Thermodynamics ; Materials science ; Chemical engineering ; Chromatography ; Natural gas ; Organic chemistry ; Polymer ; Geology ; Engineering Petroleum Processing and Analysis ; Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques ; Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods
Authors: LF Silva | LDP Viana | NCN Barreto | MCS Ângelo | BR Silvestrini | DAB Puggina | MF Aquinos
Source:  (article, 2022-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

DESEMPENHO DO TESTE RÁPIDO PARA SARSCOV-2 EM COMPARAÇÃO AO PCR REAL TIME Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho entre os kits comerciais, Vyttra (Imunocromatografia) e Allplex SARS-CoV/FLUA/FLUB/RSV Assay (RT-PCR), para a detecção de antígeno do SARS-CoV-2. Método: Foram analisadas 22 amostras da rotina de um laboratório de análises clínicas, selecionadas a partir do kit Allplex SARS-CoV/FLUA/FLUB/RSV Assay RT-PCR (método padrão-ouro), sendo 11 reagentes e 11 não reagentes da mesma coleta. O ensaio apresentou sensibilidade de 89%. A concordância observada foi de 0,95 e o índice kappa foi igual a 0,92, indicando ótima concordância entre os métodos. Foi observada apenas uma discordância de resultado, sendo reagente no método padrão-ouro e não reagente no teste rápido. Conclusão: O resultado entre os kits mostra que o desempenho do teste rápido é importante na triagem da infecção pelo Sars-CoV-2 e pode colaborar na prevenção da disseminação da doença. Referências: 1. Patel R, Babady E, Theel ES, et al. Report from the American Society for Microbiology COVID-19 International Summit, 23 March 2020: value of diagnostic testing for Sars-CoV-2/COVID-19. MBio [Internet]. 28 de abril de 2020; 11(2): e00722-20. 2. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Guia de vigilância epidemiológica. Emergência de saúde pública de importância nacional pela doença pelo coronavírus 2019. Brasília; 2020. Computer science Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies
Authors: MJL Watanabe | MM Moreno | SR Gomes | MC Batista
Source:  (article, 2022-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

VALIDAÇÃO DO ENSAIO QMS TEICOPLANINA THERMO SCIENTIFIC PARA PLATAFORMA ROCHE Objetivo: Avaliar o desempenho analítico do ensaio QMS teicoplanina, por se tratar de um antibiótico da classe dos glicopetídeos, sendo indicado para o tratamento de infecções por bactérias Gram positivas; apresenta-se como boa alternativa aos betalactâmicos em pacientes alérgicos e no tratamento de infecções por estafilococos resistentes à oxacilina. Similar à vancomicina, mas com maior lipossolubilidade, que resulta em melhor penetração tecidual e meia-vida prolongada, além de menor toxicidade. A orientação da terapêutica baseada em níveis séricos contribui para redução ainda mais expressiva dos efeitos adversos, assim como para atingir níveis terapêuticos adequados. Método: Amostras séricas de teicoplanina da rotina do laboratório, previamente dosadas em laboratório de apoio na mesma metodologia, foram redosadas no equipamento Cobas C 501 – Roche, com o ensaio teicoplanina da marca Thermo Scientific em canal aberto. Trata-se de um imunoensaio turbidimétrico homogêneo melhorado por partículas, que se baseia na concorrência por locais de ligação de anticorpos do reagente do anticorpo de teicoplanina entre o fármaco na amostra e o fármaco que cobre uma micropartícula. A acurácia foi avaliada com 39 amostras coletadas do nosso serviço, dosadas no Cobas C 501, sendo 29 de indivíduos em uso do fármaco e 10 sem o uso dele. A variação intra e interensaio foi estabelecida em duas amostras dosadas quatro vezes, durante cinco dias. Conclusão: A variação intra e interensaio foi de 4,58% e 3,44% em 16,27 e 21,87 μg/ml, respectivamente. O coeficiente de correlação foi 0,997, intersecção com Y 0,9236x. Concluímos que o novo ensaio para dosagem de teicoplanina apresenta excelente precisão, além de exibir ótima correlação com a metodologia do laboratório de apoio. Referência: 1. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2014; 52(6): 879-887. Computer science Thermal and Kinetic Analysis
Authors: Xuejiao Zhang | Ievgen S. Donskyi | Weihao Tang | Shuo Deng | Daxu Liu | Siyu Zhang | Qing Zhao | Baoshan Xing
Source: Angewandte Chemie (article, 2022-10-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Biologische Effekte von auf schwarzem Phosphor basierenden Nanomaterialien auf Zellen und Tiere Abstract Die bedeutenden Fortschritte bei der Anwendung von auf schwarzem Phosphor basierenden Nanomaterialien (SPNMs) sind auf deren hervorragende Eigenschaften zurückzuführen. Aufgrund der vielfältigen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten dieser Materialien sind die Freisetzung in die Umwelt und eine anschließende Exposition des Menschen praktisch unvermeidlich. Daher muss untersucht werden, wie sich SPNMs auf biologische Systeme und die menschliche Gesundheit auswirken. In dieser umfassenden Übersicht werden die neuesten Erkenntnisse in Bezug auf Wirkungsweise, Mechanismen und Regulierungsfaktoren der endogenen Toxizität von SPNMs in Säugetieren vorgestellt. Diese Ergebnisse bilden die Grundlage für das Verständnis der biologischen Auswirkungen und haben das Ziel, Regulierungsprinzipien zur Minimierung gesundheitsschädlicher Auswirkungen festzulegen. Umwelt ; Gynecology ; Philosophy ; Humanities ; Medicine Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis ; Nanocluster Synthesis and Applications ; Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
Authors: Atanaska Bosakova–Ardenska | Hristina Andreeva | Stoicho Stoichev
Source: Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences (article, 2022-06-30)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

An Algorithm for Image Segmentation in HSI Color Space This paper presents a new segmentation algorithm that uses priority components in HSI (Hue, Saturation, Intensity) color space. The algorithm (named SegPC) is designed for HSI color space to support image understanding in different areas of human activities because this color space is modeled to be closer to humans’ color perception. The innovative idea for the usage of all color components with respect to their importance is exploited in algorithm development. Two parameters are used for controlling the segmentation process, the first parameter is the number of colors used in the segmentation process and the second is the order of applying calculated thresholds for color components. The main goal of the research is the analysis of the proposed new segmentation algorithm. A set of images with different types of histograms is used for practical examination of the developed algorithm. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is used as a measure of the effect of image segmentation. The highest PSNR values (≈22 for images with histogram near to bi-modal type and ≈23 for images with histogram with several peak values) are calculated for the priority of color components in which the first analyzed component is color intensity and the number of colors in the segmented image is a quarter of the number of colors in the input image. This result could be explained by the meaning of the intensity component which describes the brightness of the color and because of this, it carries a significant part of color information. The time complexity of SegPC is evaluated through theoretical analysis and experimentally. It is observed that performance time depends on three variables: first, the size of the image strongly influences time complexity (when the size of the image increases then the time for processing increases too), second, the number of colors also is related to time for processing, and third, the selected color components chosen as per the priority has a weak influence on time complexity because it defines the number of pixels which have to be additionally analyzed. The developed algorithm presents promising results. Thus, it could be applied in image analysis and natural sciences. Color histogram ; Color space ; Artificial intelligence ; Color balance ; Color normalization ; Color image ; Hue ; Computer vision ; Image segmentation ; Histogram equalization ; Mathematics ; Brightness ; Region growing ; Computer science ; Segmentation ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Histogram ; Color depth ; Algorithm ; Scale-space segmentation ; Image processing ; Image (mathematics) Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Remote-Sensing Image Classification ; Color Science and Applications
Authors: Zhenkun Wu | Yuhao Wu | Xinyu Ning | Bo Zhu | Xiao Guo | Wen Tang | Wenlong Yan | Songshan Li | Weidong Gu | Xiang Huang | Lei Deng
Source:  (preprint, 2022-02-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Analysis of Factors on NOx Emission of a 600 MW Boiler under Different Conditions In power stations, adjusting operating parameters to control NO x emissions has attracted more and more attention.In this study, a three-dimensional CFD model was established to simulate a 600 MW tangentially coalfired boiler.The orthogonal tests were employed to analyze the effect of operating load, primary air rate, air staging, burner swing, and SOFA air swing on NO x emissions.Results show that at 35% BMCR, primary air ratio of 0.24, air staging of 0.75, burner swing of 15°, and SOFA air swing of 0°, the NO x emission is 208.8 mg/Nm 3 , which is 27.8% lower than the basic case.Increasing the operating load has the opposite effect to the primary air ratio, so does the burner swing and SOFA air swing.Orthogonal analysis shows that the air staging is the most significant factor in NOx emissions.Appropriate reduction of air staging is beneficial to reduce NO x emissions. NOx ; Boiler (water heating) ; Environmental science ; Waste management ; Engineering ; Chemistry ; Combustion ; Physical chemistry Metallurgy and Material Science ; Radiative Heat Transfer Studies ; Analysis of environmental and stochastic processes
Authors: Binchen Mao | Kaiyin Xiao | X. Chen | Jingkai Zhu | Hayley Gu | S. Guo
Source: European Journal of Cancer (article, 2022-10-01)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Systematic evaluation of label-free protein quantification pipelines in 12 mouse syngeneic models Proteomics ; Proteome ; Label-free quantification ; Computer science ; Quantitative proteomics ; Computational biology ; Pipeline (software) ; Software ; Bioinformatics ; Data mining ; Biology ; Biochemistry ; Gene Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies ; Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
Authors: Nikolay Karabutov
Source: Contemporary Mathematics (article, 2022-10-10)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Adaptive Identification of System with Bouc-Wen Hysteresis Modifications The adaptive identification method developed to evaluate the parameters of the Bouc-Wen hysteresis (BWH). The adaptive approach based on the use of adaptive observer. We synthesize adaptive identification algorithms using the second Lyapunov method. Requirements for the input of the system which guarantee the identification of parameters considered. We propose BWH modifications (BWHM). Adaptive algorithms for estimating BWHM parameters developed. The boundedness of adaptive system processes shown in coordinate and parametric spaces. We prove the exponential dissipativity of processes in an adaptive system by using the Lyapunov vector function method. Estimating method proposed for signaling uncertainty in the system. Control theory (sociology) ; Mathematics ; Identification (biology) ; Lyapunov function ; Parametric statistics ; Adaptive system ; System identification ; Observer (physics) ; Exponential function ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Nonlinear system ; Data mining ; Mathematical analysis Magnetic Properties and Applications ; Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications ; Metallurgy and Material Forming
Authors: Neaz Morshed | Mir Akmam Noor Rashid | Md Ashraful Alam | Maniruzzaman ‌‌ | Pulak Talukder
Source: Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (article, 2022-12-03)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Effect of Cotton Yarn Imperfection Index on CSP The process by which fiber is transformed into yarn is affected by a number of factors. These include the nature of the raw material, the technical sophistication of the machinery, and the expertise of the operators. More than half of the retail price of ring spun yarn comes from the cost of the raw materials, making this an important consideration in cotton fiber spinning. However, defects in the yarn (neps, thick and thin patches) are a critical yarn parameter that affects both the processing of the yarn and the fabric, as well as quality factors. The relationship between yarn defects and fiber properties has been investigated. The imperfection index of yarns is abbreviated as "IPI". Yarn defects are the sum of the percentage of thin spots (-50%), thick spots (+50%), and neps (+200%) found in one thousand meters of ring-spun yarn. In this case, a thin place of -50% indicates that the cross-section of the yarn at the thick place is no more than 50% of its mean cross-section. A +50% thick spot indicates that the yarn's cross section at the thick spot is at least 150% of its mean cross section. The neps cross-section is at least twice as large as the yarn's average cross-section if the value is +200% Neps. Both in the upstream manufacturing stage and the final product, flaws can be a source of frustration and annoyance. The Count Strength Product is the result of multiplying the lea strength in Ibs by the count (English System) (CSP). A wrap reel with a circle of 1.5 yards covers a 120-yard area. Traversing mechanism included into the reel reduces yarn bunching. These leas are conditioned in a standard environment (27 degrees Celsius, 65% relative humidity) while being hung from a skein holder to relax. The breaking load is measured in pounds by using a lea strength tester, which is a pendulum type with a constant rate of traverse and a moving clam that travels at a consistent pace of 12 inches per minute. Once the yarn's strength has been evaluated, the CSP may be computed by multiplying the yarn's mean lea strength by its mean count. Yarn ; Index (typography) ; Mathematics ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Computer science Textile materials and evaluations