jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Tianbi Zhang | T. Ben Britton
Source: PubMed (preprint, 2023-06-25)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Multi-exposure diffraction pattern fusion applied to enable wider-angle transmission Kikuchi diffraction with direct electron detectors Diffraction pattern analysis can be used to reveal the crystalline structure of materials, and this information is used to nano- and micro-structure of advanced engineering materials that enable modern life. For nano-structured materials typically diffraction pattern analysis is performed in the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and TEM diffraction patterns typically have a limited angular range (less than a few degrees) due to the long camera length, and this requires analysis of multiple patterns to probe a unit cell. As a different approach, wide angle Kikuchi patterns can be captured using an on-axis detector in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) with a shorter camera length. These 'transmission Kikuchi diffraction' (TKD) patterns present a direct projection of the unit cell and can be routinely analysed using EBSD-based methods and dynamical diffraction theory. In the present work, we enhance this analysis significantly and present a multi-exposure diffraction pattern fusion method that increases the dynamic range of the detected patterns captured with a Timepix3-based direct electron detector (DED). This method uses an easy-to-apply exposure fusion routine to collect data and extend the dynamic range, as well as normalise the intensity distribution within these very wide (>95°) angle patterns. The potential of this method is demonstrated with full diffraction sphere reprojection and highlight potential of the approach to rapidly probe the structure of nano-structured materials in the scanning electron microscope. Electron backscatter diffraction ; Diffraction ; Optics ; Detector ; Selected area diffraction ; Materials science ; Electron diffraction ; Scanning electron microscope ; Transmission electron microscopy ; Kikuchi line ; Reflection high-energy electron diffraction ; Physics Optical Coatings and Gratings ; Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements ; Image Processing Techniques and Applications
Authors: Padmavat Chandraprakash Shivram
Source:  (article, 2023-03-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

A systematic investigation on the influence of the chemical treatment of natural fibres using the Fuzzy TOPSIS Method Chemical treatment (hazardous waste) is the conversion of hazardous waste into non-toxic gases, to change or change the chemical characteristics of waste Treatment methods are used, for example in water By decreasing solubility. OracidityNeutralization or pH adjustment (neutralization or precipitation), oxidation and reduction, hydrolysis and Photosynthesis, chemical oxidation (ozonation, (electrolytic oxidation, hydrogen peroxide) and chemical removal (alkali metaldichlorine, alkali)chemical treatment processes Various (commonly used) including metallization/ soCommonly Activated Chemical Treatment Processes: Chemical Precipitation, neutralization absorption, disinfection (chlorine, ozone, UV light) and ion exchange. from plant kingdomCommon natural fibres obtained are Cotton, Flax, Jute, Bamboo, Sisal and Jute, Natural fibres. The main component Natural fibres. The main component Popular as angora and mohair We get fibres, plant fibres include seed hairs such as cotten; Flax andstem (or bast) fibres like jute, leaf fibres like sisal; and coconut-like husks fibres. Animal fibres also include secretions such as wool, hair, and silk. Research significance: In this paper, various chemical properties of in natural fibre-reinforced composites Use natural fibres Changes have been reviewed. Alkali, Silane, Acetylation, Benzoylation, Acrylation, malate coupling agents, isocyanates, Permanganate and other chemical treatments are discussed. to the fibre surface Chemical treatment of fibre between polymer matrixAimed at improving adhesion. Water absorption of composites decreases and their mechanical Properties are improved. Method: Fuzzy TOPSIS (Order by Similarities for Ideal Solution technique for prioritization) similar options. Further It also automates the process and selection Ambiguity, uncertainty in the process Can also be used to relieve Technology in general Used to solve decision problems. This is for all alternatives in the technique problem Based on inter-comparison. Alternative: Cotton, Jute, Flax, Hemp, Ramie and Sisal. Evaluation parameters: Density, Elongation, Tensile strength and Young’s modulus. Result: Chemical Treatments of Natural Fibre in Sisal is got the first rank whereas is the Hemp is having the Lowest rank.Conclusion: Chemical Treatments of Natural Fibre in Sisal is got the first rank whereas is the Hemp is having the Lowest rank. SISAL ; Bleach ; Chlorine ; Chemical modification ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Composite material ; Chemical engineering ; Pulp and paper industry ; Organic chemistry ; Polymer chemistry Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Material Properties and Applications
Authors: Yue Liu | Ying Liu | Michael G. B. Drew
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2023-10-30)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Wave Mechanics of Microwave Absorption Films: Part 3 - Multilayered Films Microwave ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Materials science ; Physics ; Composite material ; Quantum mechanics Electromagnetic wave absorption materials ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies ; Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications
Authors: Carlos Enrique Cuevas‐Suárez
Source: Faculty of 1000 Research Ltd (article, 2023-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Referee report. For: Effect of addition of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the antimicrobial properties, surface roughness and surface hardness of polymethyl methacrylate: A Systematic Review. [version 1; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations] Surface roughness ; Antimicrobial ; Titanium dioxide ; Hardness ; Surface finish Antimicrobial agents and applications ; Orthopedic Infections and Treatments ; Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties
Authors: Veselin R. Djendov | Pavel Minev
Source: Biomedical Reviews (article, 2023-12-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Gadolinium-Based Contrast Media Nephrotoxicity. Overview and Recommendations Gadolinium-based contrast media (GBCM), gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs), or simply gadolinium contrast agents, are molecular complexes containing the rare earth metal gadolinium chelated to a carrier ligand. These are a type of paramag-netic contrast agent, which are the primary class of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast media. The intravenous route of administration is the most common. Since the USA Food and Drug Administration requires warning labels on certain GBCAs that say the product shouldn’t be given to people with kidney disease because it’s a known cause of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), and the EU healthcare authorities also warns for some health risks. We need substantiated basic and clinically data and Guideline on the use of Gadolinium-containing MRI Contrast Agents. The newer GBCAs on the market aren’t known to cause NSF in people with kidney disease. Nephrotoxicity ; Contrast (vision) ; Gadolinium ; Computer science ; Medicine ; Chemistry ; Artificial intelligence ; Internal medicine ; Kidney Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Grzegorz Chojnowski
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2023-02-17)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Sequence assignment validation in protein crystal structure models with checkMySequence Abstract Sequence register shifts remain one of the most elusive errors in experimental macromolecular models. They may affect model interpretation and propagate to newly built models from older structures. In a recent publication I have shown that register shifts in cryo-EM models of proteins can be detected using a systematic re-assignment of short model fragments to the target sequence. Here, I show that the same approach can be used to detect register shifts in crystal structure models using standard, model-bias corrected electron-density maps. I describe in detail five register shift errors detected using the method in models deposited in the PDB. Synopsis I show that checkMySequence , an automated method for validating sequence assignment in cryo-EM structures of proteins, can be used for validating crystal structure models. Sequence (biology) ; Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB) ; Computer science ; Algorithm ; Interpretation (philosophy) ; Computational biology ; Data mining ; Chemistry ; Biology ; Genetics ; Programming language ; Stereochemistry Enzyme Structure and Function ; Protein Structure and Dynamics ; RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
Authors: Yucheng Zhong | Tao Wu | Guangyong Sun | Aleksandr Cherniaev | René Alderliesten
Source: Applied Composite Materials (article, 2023-07-17)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

Special Issue: Advanced Modeling and Design for Composite Materials and Structures Materials science ; Composite number ; Composite material Material Properties and Applications ; Structural Analysis of Composite Materials ; Structural Analysis and Optimization
Authors: Gideon Maige Gibai | Shima Dawson Banele
Source: Indonesian Journal of Social Research (IJSR) (article, 2023-11-30)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

The Impact of Modern Coconut Oil Packaging Training on Consumers’ Behaviors The local coconut oil producers at Kisutu Market, Dar es Salaam faced difficulties in deploying the modern packaging components due to knowledge and skills gaps henceforth low market value was experienced greenlighted the training for awareness creation. Assessment on impact of the training on the changes of the producers’ practices and its significances to the consumers were made by engaging 112 respondents categorically distributed into 102 coconut oil consumers and 10 producers. Data were collected using four ranked Likert scale questionnaire and semi-structure interview followed by the descriptive analysis. The findings proved that the training assisted the local coconut producers to utilize modern packaging henceforth impacted the consumers behaviours; enhanced communication; improved market experiences; fostered branding initiatives; assurance to the product quality and quantity; competition differentiation; attracting the shelves and easier pointing the coconut oil during purchasing under pressure; increased competitiveness of the coconut oil choices in supply chain. Moreover, the contributions are made to the literature of coconut oil, local producers and consumers and practitioners to continue to invest in awareness creation through trainings, accommodation of new knowledge and skills pertained the deployment of innovative packaging that positively turn the image of coconut oil product for valuable market and sustainability. Coconut oil ; Business ; Purchasing ; Marketing ; Product (mathematics) ; Likert scale ; Sustainability ; Quality (philosophy) ; Competition (biology) ; Food science Coconut Research and Applications ; Agricultural and Environmental Management
Authors: Marta Palacios | Anaïs Barasinski | Elías Cueto
Source: SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository (article, 2023-07-03)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

Propagation du champ de température à l'échelle microscopique dans les composites renforcés de fibres de carbone unidirectionnelles à matrice thermoplastique International audience Microscale chemistry ; Composite material ; Materials science ; Thermoplastic composites ; Thermoplastic Material Properties and Applications ; Epoxy Resin Curing Processes ; Advanced Theoretical and Applied Studies in Material Sciences and Geometry
Authors: Mehmet KAYRICI | Yusuf Uzun | Hüseyin Arıkan | Ahmet KARAVELİOĞLU
Source: European Mechanical Science (article, 2023-11-17)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Effect of nano hybrid additives on low velocity impact responses of aramid composite plates: example of CNT and ZrO2 Aramid reinforced composites are advanced materials that are widely used in many industrial applications thanks to their combination of high strength and lightness. Nano additives are of great importance for improving the mechanical properties of aramid reinforced composites and reducing costs. In this paper, multi-walled Carbon Nanotube (CNT) and Zirconia (ZrO2) nano hybrid additives were used to determine the effect on the mechanical characterization of aramid composite plates. Therefore, low velocity impact responses of aramid fiber reinforced composites were investigated by adding ZrO2 and CNT nano hybrid additives to the Polives 701 polymer vinylester resin matrix. Low velocity impact tests were carried out at 10 J and 15 J. As a result of the experiments, the effects of nano hybrid additives on the impact absorption properties of aramid composite plates were determined. By determining the maximum force, displacement and time values, the effect of CNT and ZrO2 nano hybrid additives on the impact resistance of the composite plates was analyzed. In addition, it contributed to the development of composite materials used in industrial applications by providing information on increasing the performance of composite materials by using nano additives. As a result of this study, it was determined that the strength of the composite material increased proportionally when the CNT additive was used, and the material became embrittled when the ZrO2 additive was used. Aramid ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Carbon nanotube ; Composite number ; Nano- ; Fiber Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Mechanical Behavior of Composites ; Fiber-reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Helton de Freitas Cota
Source: ABM Proceedings (article, 2023-08-01)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

GALVANIZAÇÃO DE AÇOS AHSS DE 3ª GERAÇÃO COM TECNOLOGIA PROBOX® E TRATAMENTO TÉRMICO FLEXÍVEL PDF | Os aços avançados de alta resistência (AHSS) de 3ª geração são materiais complexos com composições químicas especiais e microestruturas multifásicas. O processo de recozimento e galvanização desses aços é diferente e impõe novas demandas à tecnologia da planta. Uma delas é a prevenção de falhas de superfície. Manchas nuas podem ocorrer devido a um maior teor de elementos de liga como silício ou manganês. A prevenção é possível com a tecnologia PrOBOX® para pré-oxidação. Esta tecnologia é uma solução comprovada para galvanização por imersão a quente de aços de alta liga sem problemas de molhabilidade, que normalmente ocorrem durante o processo de galvanização convencional. Outro tópico importante é um processo de aquecimento e resfriamento controlado com precisão e muito flexível. Crucial para a produção de grades modernas é uma tecnologia de forno apropriada. Os fornos de tubo radiante altamente eficientes são equipados com poderosos sistemas de aquecimento e resfriamento e instalações para têmpera e revenimento. O recém-desenvolvido I-Forno otimiza o tratamento térmico e o processo de produção. Este artigo apresenta conceitos para linhas de galvanização modernas para a produção de aços avançados de alta resistência de 3ª geração Physics ; Humanities ; Philosophy Metallurgical and Alloy Processes ; Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques ; Electronic Packaging and Soldering Technologies
Authors: Ndubuisi G. Orji | Qinghuang Lin
Source: Journal of Micro/Nanopatterning Materials and Metrology (article, 2023-08-09)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Special Section Guest Editorial: 3D Semiconductor Metrology The <i>Journal of Micro/Nanopatterning, Materials, and Metrology</i> (JM3) publishes peer-reviewed papers on the core enabling technologies that address the patterning needs of the electronics industry. Metrology ; Special section ; Semiconductor industry ; Section (typography) ; Nanotechnology ; Electronics ; Engineering ; Engineering physics ; Materials science ; Computer science ; Manufacturing engineering ; Physics ; Electrical engineering ; Optics Optical Coatings and Gratings ; Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies ; Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements
Authors: Anatoliy Danylkovych | Olga Sanginova
Source: Technology audit and production reserves (article, 2023-10-31)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

An effective indicator determination for the leather material uniformity assessment The object of research is the process of determining the objective indicator of the degree of topographic homogeneity of the structure and properties of the leather material. The work defines a set of indicators of properties of semi-finished chrome tanning and leather materials. At the same time, when evaluating the homogeneity of the properties of leather materials, the difference between the values of the physical and mechanical indicators of the shabrack and the bottom is taken into account. At the same time, for a more homogeneous leather material, this difference should be minimal. The maximum differences between the determined physico-mechanical parameters of the semi-finished product of chrome tanning and the minimum for experimental and industrial leather materials were established. The given technological scheme for obtaining an experimental leather material by the technology of syntan-tannin filling-plasticization is more homogeneous with the use of syntan BNS TU 17-06-165-89, mimosa extract with a tannin content of 81.7 %, alkylcarboxyethanolamine of aliphatic acids, dye anionic black K, Fosfol L-1301 emulsions of Cromogenia Units, S.A. (Spain), aluminum potassium alum. For an objective assessment of the homogeneity of the properties of the leather material, a complex indicator is proposed – a coefficient that takes into account the meridian elongation at the crack of the face layer, the limit of strength of the material and its face layer at spherical deformation, which characterize the quality of the leather material according to DSTU 2726-94 «Leather for shoe uppers. Specifications». At the same time, the time-consuming nature of sample preparation and instrumental determination of the properties of leather material is taken into account. The determined complex coefficient of homogeneity of the experimental material is 0.88, and the industrial one is 0.82. This indicates greater homogeneity of the properties of the experimental leather material. A comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the homogeneity of the properties of the experimental leather material testify to the prospects of its use in the manufacture and operation of footwear products. Homogeneity (statistics) ; Materials science ; Raw material ; Homogeneous ; Fineness ; Composite material ; Material properties ; Pulp and paper industry ; Mathematics ; Engineering ; Chemistry Material Properties and Applications ; Advanced Scientific Research Methods ; Collagen: Extraction and Characterization
Authors: Dávid Ugi | Kolja Zoller | Kolos Lukács | Zsolt Fogarassy | István Groma | Szilvia Kalácska | Katrin Schulz | Péter Dusán Ispánovity
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2023-06-14)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Irreversible evolution of dislocation pile-ups during cyclic microcantilever bending In metals geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) are generated primarily to accommodate strain gradients and they play a key role in the Bauschinger effect, strain hardening, micron-scale size effects and fatigue. During bending large strain gradients naturally emerge which makes this deformation mode exceptionally suitable to study the evolution of GNDs. Here we present bi-directional bending experiment of a Cu single crystalline microcantilever with in situ characterisation of the dislocation microstructure in terms of high-resolution electron backscatter diffraction (HR-EBSD). The experiments are complemented with dislocation density modelling to provide physical understanding of the collective dislocation phenomena. We find that dislocation pile-ups form around the neutral zone during initial bending, however, these do not dissolve upon reversed loading, rather they contribute to the development of a much more complex GND dominated microstructure. This irreversible process is analysed in detail in terms of the involved Burgers vectors and slip systems to provide an in-depth explanation of the Bauschinger-effect and strain hardening at this scale. We conclude that the most dominant role in this behaviour is played by short-range dislocation interactions. Bauschinger effect ; Electron backscatter diffraction ; Materials science ; Dislocation ; Hardening (computing) ; Microstructure ; Substructure ; Strain hardening exponent ; Crystallography ; Bending ; Diffraction ; Plasticity ; Composite material ; Optics ; Structural engineering ; Physics ; Chemistry Microstructure and mechanical properties ; Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications ; Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
Authors: Scott McClellan | Yuan An | Xintong Zhao | Lin Xia | Jane Greenberg
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2023-09-29)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Characterizing Semantic Ambiguity of the Materials Science Ontologies Growth in computational materials science and initiatives such as the Materials Genome Initiative (MGI) and the European Materials Modelling Council (EMMC) has motivated the development and application of ontologies. A key factor has been increased adoption of the FAIR principles, making research data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (Wilkinson et al. 2016). This paper characterizes semantic interoperability among a subset of materials science ontologies in the MatPortal repository. Background context covers semantic interoperability, ontological commitment, and the materials science ontology landscape. The research focused on MatPortal's two interoperability protocols: LOOM term matching and URI matching. Results report the degree of overlap and demonstrate the different types of ambiguity among ontologies. The discussion considers implications for FAIR and AI, and the conclusion highlight key findings and next steps. Interoperability ; Ambiguity ; Semantic interoperability ; Ontology ; Context (archaeology) ; Computer science ; Key (lock) ; Matching (statistics) ; Semantic Web ; Upper ontology ; Data science ; Information retrieval ; World Wide Web ; Knowledge management ; Geography ; Epistemology ; Mathematics Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Semantic Web and Ontologies ; Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
Authors: Ли, Шуайлун | Чикова, О. | Li, Shuailong | Chikova, O.
Source: Electronic scientific archive of UrFU (Ural Federal University) (article, 2023-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

METHODS FOR ASSESSING STRENGTH OF HEAT EXCHANGERS WITH LIQUID METAL CARRIERS Приведен аналитический обзор научной литературы по методам оценки прочности теплообменников с жидкометаллическими теплоносителями в результате жидкометаллического охрупчивания, водородного охрупчивания и коррозии. Выявлены ключевые проблемы в данной области, а также предложены направления будущих исследований для преодоления этих проблем. Обсуждаются новые подходы, применение которых позволит усовершенствовать методы оценки прочности и повысить надежность теплообменников с жидкометаллическими теплоносителями. В качестве ключевых направлений будущих исследований предлагаются усовершенствованные методы неразрушающего контроля, компьютерное моделирование для исследования коррозии, а также использование цифровых двойников и искусственного интеллекта. Heat exchanger ; Liquid metal ; Metal ; Liquid phase ; Deposition (geology) Material Properties and Applications ; Heat Transfer and Numerical Methods ; Polymer Science and Applications