jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Rendy Satriawan | Zhazira Baltabekova
Source: Innovation in Engineering. (article, 2024-03-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Hitting the material rail: An exploration of the comparison between Alloy Steel and AISI 1020 The rail track is a component that directly interfaces with the wheels. Generally, rail tracks serve as the foundation for trains, trams, and similar vehicles, bearing the friction and pressure from the wheels. Rail tracks have the potential for cracking and breaking due to various loads. Many studies have investigated the factors causing rail track fractures. This article employs the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method using Solidworks research license software. In this simulation, two rail tracks with different materials, AISI 1020 and Alloy Steel, are numerically studied using Solidworks software to determine the most effective material for mitigating the risk of rail track fractures. The fracture risk is then calculated based on the material's fracture strength. The simulation results indicate that the fracture risk of rail tracks using Alloy Steel is lower than that of AISI 1020, thus recommending Alloy Steel as the more suitable material for rail tracks. Alloy ; Materials science ; Metallurgy High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
Authors: Shodiljon Umarov | Saxiba Mirzababayeva | Zebuniso Abobakirova | Natalya Goncharova | Shokhrukh Davlyatov
Source: E3S Web of Conferences (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Operation of reinforced concrete beams along an inclined section under conditions of one-sided heating This article presents the results of experimental and theoretical studies of the operation of inclined sections of bendable elements operating under conditions of unilateral heating. A method for calculating such structures for transverse forces is proposed, taking into account the actual stress-strain state of the element Section (typography) ; Reinforced concrete ; Structural engineering ; Materials science ; Beam (structure) ; Engineering ; Computer science Structural mechanics and materials ; Fire effects on concrete materials ; Material Properties and Failure Mechanisms
Authors: Sopyan | Emma Rochima | Zahidah Hasan | Iis Rostini
Source: Asian Food Science Journal (review, 2024-11-04)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Citronella Oil as Additives in Active Carrageenan -based Food Packaging Films: A Review The natural degradation process of plastics is slow and harmful to the environment, making biodegradable films a more advantageous option. These films not only reduce environmental pollution but also have the potential to preserve food products and extend their shelf life. This study explores the potential of utilizing iota carrageenan-based films in combination with essential oils for food packaging applications. Iota carrageenan, known for its high elasticity and thixothrophic properties, serves as an ideal base material for film formation. Essential oils, with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, are incorporated into the packaging material to enhance shelf life and prevent food spoilage. Citronella oil demonstrates effective antimicrobial and antioxidant activities for food preservation. The presence of essential oils acts as plasticizers in the film, improving flexibility but requiring careful consideration of concentration to maintain network strength. Carrageenan ; Active packaging ; Food packaging ; Food science ; Business ; Pulp and paper industry ; Polymer science ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Chemical engineering ; Engineering Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging
Authors: Philip Doganis
Source: Faculty of 1000 Research Ltd (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Referee report. For: Translating nanoEHS data using EPA NaKnowBase and the resource description framework [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] Resource (disambiguation) ; Matching (statistics) ; Component (thermodynamics) ; Set (abstract data type) ; Shared resource Diatoms and Algae Research ; Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition ; Academic Writing and Publishing
Authors: Shashank Kushwaha | Mahmoud A. Mahrous | Jacob L. Meyer | Charul Chadha | Iwona Jasiuk
Source: Polymer Composites (article, 2024-12-11)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Effect of laminae count and manufacturing methods on mechanical properties of thin‐ply woven composites Abstract Thin‐ply woven composites exhibit exceptional mechanical performance by delaying the onset of damage, making them suitable for high‐performance structural applications. This study outlines the impact of manufacturing techniques (vacuum bagging and hot pressing), ply count, and fiber waviness on the mechanical properties of aromatic thermosetting copolyester/carbon‐fiber (ATSP/CF) composites. The analysis encompasses several different ply counts, evaluating their effects on the in‐plane elastic modulus (0°–90°) and tensile strength. Results demonstrate that reducing the waviness (or crimp) ratio significantly enhances the in‐plane elastic modulus, with improvements up to 188%, highlighting the importance of fiber alignment. Vacuum bagging produced ply thicknesses from 128 to 58 μm for 1–36 plies, with in‐plane elastic moduli from 30.3 to 87.2 GPa, and 4‐ and 8‐ply samples showed approximately 40% higher stiffness than those made by hot pressing. ATSP resin with high thermal stability (up to 400°C) and recyclability was used. Furthermore, this study highlights the microstructural enhancements achieved through vacuum bagging, as revealed by scanning electron and optical microscopy, and micro‐computed tomography imaging. This paper provides insights into damage mitigation and achieving enhanced mechanical properties by controlling fiber waviness using vacuum bagging and higher ply count in thin‐ply ATSP/CF composites. Highlights Crimp ratio reduction enhances elastic in‐plane elastic modulus up to 188%. Vacuum bagging increases modulus over the hot pressing manufacturing method by 40%. Lowering thickness‐per‐ply increases failure strain from 0.8% to 1.2%. Explored the performance of a novel ATSP matrix with high recyclability and thermal stability. Waviness ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Crimp ; Elastic modulus ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Specific modulus ; Hot pressing ; Stiffness ; Fiber Polymer composites and self-healing ; Mechanical Behavior of Composites ; Fiber-reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Ikbal Azhari | Hendri Chandra | Ozkar F. Homzah | Tri Satya Ramadhoni | Rachmat Dwi Sampurno
Source: Austenit. (article, 2024-05-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

KARAKTERISTIK PERMUKAAN PATAH DAN KETAHANAN LELAH PADA MATERIAL BEJANA TEKAN BAJA ASTM A36 Bejana tekan adalah peralatan dalam bidang industri untuk menampung fluida bertekanan, seperti gas, minyak dan bahan kimia, Baja ASTM A36 salah satu jenis material yang dapat digunakan pada bejana tekan, baja ini memiliki sifat mekanik yang baik namun tetap memiliki batasan dalam ketahanan lelahnya. Bejana tekan menerima beban internal dan eksternal, perbedaan tekanan ini mengakibatkan tegangan pada dinding (shell). Tegangan inilah yang dapat menyebabkan terjadi kerusakan material, oleh sebab penulis melakukan pengujian fatigue repeated bending dan Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) untuk menganalisa ketahanan lelah dan Karakteristik permukaan patah. Pengujian patigue dari 4 buah specimen dengan variasi sudut 4˚, 8˚, 11˚ dan 13˚ menghasilkan jumlah siklus masing-masing 1490200 siklus, 400050 siklus, 234200 siklus dan 99000 siklus. Hasil SEM permukaan patah sudut pengujian 4˚ dan 13˚ baja ASTM A36 terlihat adanya striasi dan microvoid coalescence serta perambatan retak yang menunjukkan bahwa kegagalan akibat fatigue yang terjadi adalah ductile fracture. Berdasarkan kesimpulan yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa jumlah siklus dipengaruhi oleh tegangan pengujian yang artinya pada tegangan tinggi maka life time bejana tekan akan semakin kecil dan sebaliknya. Geology Material Selection and Properties ; Management and Optimization Techniques
Authors: Hayrunisa Bülbül | Zeliha Leblebici
Source: Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi (article, 2024-12-14)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Determination of Heavy Metal Transfer from Soil to Beta vulgaris L. (Sugar Beet) and Evaluation of Human Health Risks Heavy metals pass from the soil to plants and negatively affect the development of plants such as sugar beet.In our study aimed to investigate the accumulation of heavy metals on sugar beet plants grown in Kayseri. Six different locations were selected: Kesik, Dağılgan, Hacılımezarlığı, Kıraç Tepe, Hacıbektaş and the control area (Kilcan). Leaf, beet, root and soil samples were taken from Beta vulgaris plant. Heavy metal contents were analyzed using ICP-MS device. In terms of sugar beet consumption in Kayseri province, determining heavy metal accumulation and health risks will be very important in terms of these metals. Heavy metal concentration levels in sugar beet samples collected from the region are as follows; copper (Cu) &amp;gt; nickel (Ni) &amp;gt; chromium (Cr) &amp;gt; arsenic (As) &amp;gt; lead (Pb) &amp;gt; cadmium (Cd). When As, Cd and Cr elements are compared with the limit values determined by WHO/FAO, it is seen that they are within the permissible limits.Cu (3.25 μg g−1), Ni (2.49 μg g−1) and Pb (0.26 μg g−1) indicate the potential for negative contributions to health through sugar beet consumption. The study reveals health concerns in terms of heavy metal contents of Cu, Ni and Pb elements evaluated in sugar beet samples grown in Yeşilhisar, Kayseri province. Sugar beet ; Cadmium ; Sugar ; Chemistry ; Metal ; Heavy metals ; Chenopodiaceae ; Chromium ; Arsenic ; Horticulture ; Environmental chemistry ; Metallurgy ; Botany ; Food science ; Biology ; Materials science ; Biochemistry Heavy Metals in Plants ; Heavy metals in environment ; Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
Authors: Richard Thomas | Mathias Poline | Arnaud Dochain | Stefan Rosén | MingChao Ji | H. Cederquist | Henning Zettergren | Henning Schmidt | Mats Larsson | Shaun G. Ard | Nicholas S. Shuman | Albert A. Viggiano
Source: Research Square (preprint, 2024-09-05)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Disentangling vibrationally-dependent molecular dynamics in mutual neutralisation reactions Dissociation (chemistry) ; Rydberg formula ; Ion ; Atomic physics ; Kinetic energy ; Chemistry ; Molecular dynamics ; Valence (chemistry) ; Molecule ; Physics ; Chemical physics ; Physical chemistry ; Computational chemistry ; Ionization Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Atomic and Molecular Physics ; Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
Authors: Andrey Rymar | З. М. Небесна
Source: Bulletin of Problems Biology and Medicine (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — General Materials Science

FEATURES OF ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE ALVEOLAR WALL OF THE RESPIRATORY PORTION OF THE LUNGS UNDER CONDITIONS OF CHRONIC ENDOGENOUS NEOPLASTIC INTOXICATION AND CORRECTIVE EFFECT OF Au/Ag/Fe NANOPARTICLES COMPOSITION Ultrastructure ; Endogeny ; Respiratory system ; Pathology ; Chemistry ; Medicine ; Biology ; Anatomy ; Biochemistry Material Properties and Applications ; nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions ; Laser-Ablation Synthesis of Nanoparticles
Authors: Alfonso Cordero F. | Manuel Castrejón-Valdez | Melanio Jurado Escobar | P. Mayhua | José Luis Contreras Paco | Jordan Ninahuanca Carhuas
Source: Acta Veterinaria Brasilica (article, 2024-12-31)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Reproductive status and age effects on Huacaya alpaca fiber medullation This study delved into the impact of environmental factors on the medullation of fibers (continuous (C), interrupted (I), fragmented (F), and non-medullated (NM)) in white female Huacaya alpacas. Utilizing records and fiber samples from 185 alpacas at the Research and Development Center for South American Camelids Lachocc, National University of Huancavelica (Peru), statistical analyses were executed employing the least squares method for unequal numbers in subclasses. The age of the alpacas exhibited a statistically significant influence on the type of fiber medullation, with the exception of fragmented medullated fiber. The regression equations generated facilitate predictive modeling for continuous, interrupted, and non-medullated medullae. Mean values (%) for continuous medullae were observed as 27.45, 27.98, 28.03; interrupted medullae as 33.15, 34.13, 35.41; fragmented medullae as 10.60, 8.11, 11.29; pigmented medullae as 16.27, 13.06, 16.87; and non-medullated as 29.99, 30.57, 29.51, respectively, for empty, pregnant, and lactating alpacas. It is noteworthy that reproductive status exhibited no statistically significant effect (p&gt;0.05) on various forms of medullated fibers, highlighting the nuanced interplay between environmental factors and fiber medullation in Huacaya alpacas. Age significantly influenced medullation, except for fragmented fibers. Continuous medulla rose by 2% yearly, while non-medullated fibers dropped by 3.69%. Interrupted medullation peaked at 38.5% around 5.9 years. The study provides insights into the nuanced relationship between reproductive status and medullation in alpaca fibers. Fiber ; Biology ; Animal science ; Materials science ; Composite material Textile materials and evaluations
Authors: Nazia Tabassum | Pramod Kumar Singh
Source: Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Heavy metal content in agricultural soils around an industrial city and their remediation using legume and leafy plants Concerns over food safety and possible health risks have made metal pollution in agricultural soils a growing problem. Plants can accumulate heavy and trace metals from various sources, although soil is considered a primary source. The main route by which heavy metals enter the human body is by consuming edible plant parts containing these metals, which may cause various diseases. Consuming plant parts that contain heavy metals, which can lead to a variety of ailments, is one of the main ways that these metals can get into the human body. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the phytoextraction potential of four plants-cowpea, moth bean, malabar spinach, and red amaranth, and look into the content of various metals in agricultural soil. The pot experiment was conducted for 12 weeks. Seven common heavy metals, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc, were analyzed in the soil and plants. Plant samples were analyzed separately for their roots, stems, leaves, and seeds. The findings demonstrated that all metal concentrations in plants, with the exception of lead, were below the World Health Organization / Food and Agriculture Organization recommended level. All of the plants had Pb levels above allowable limits, which may be a possible carcinogen. Furthermore, Pb’s carcinogenic potential in all edible plant parts was above the USEPA’s recognized risk. Thus, the carcinogenic risk of Pb is a concern for the study area. Cadmium ; Phytoremediation ; Environmental remediation ; Agriculture ; Spinach ; Food chain ; Environmental science ; Soil water ; Edible plants ; Soil contamination ; Leafy vegetables ; Agronomy ; Environmental chemistry ; Contamination ; Chemistry ; Horticulture ; Biology ; Agroforestry Heavy Metals in Plants ; Heavy metals in environment
Authors: Suoqing Zhang | Jixiang Zhao | Ming Kong | Jiahui Li | Mingxuan Li | Miao Ma | Tong Li | Tao Li | Mingyang Chen
Source: Crystals (article, 2024-09-28)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Crystallization Kinetics of Tacrolimus Monohydrate in an Ethanol–Water System Nucleation and growth during the crystallization process are crucial steps that determine the crystal structure, size, morphology, and purity. A thorough understanding of these mechanisms is essential for producing crystalline products with consistent properties. This study investigates the solubility of tacrolimus (FK506) in an ethanol–water system (1:1, v/v) and examines its crystallization kinetics using batch crystallization experiments. Initially, the solubility of FK506 was measured, and classical nucleation theory was employed to analyze the induction period to determine interfacial free energy (γ) and other nucleation parameters, including the critical nucleus radius (r*), critical free energy (∆G*), and the molecular count of the critical nucleus (i*). Crystallization kinetics under seeded conditions were also measured, and the parameters of the kinetic model were analyzed to understand the effects of process states such as temperature on the crystallization process. The results suggested that increasing temperature and supersaturation promotes nucleation. The surface entropy factor (f) indicates that the tacrolimus crystal growth mechanism is a two-dimensional nucleation growth. The growth process follows the particle size-independent growth law proposed by McCabe. The estimated kinetic parameters reveal the effects of supersaturation, temperature, and suspension density on the nucleation and growth rates. Nucleation ; Crystallization ; Supersaturation ; Thermodynamics ; Critical radius ; Crystal growth ; Solubility ; Supercooling ; Materials science ; Kinetics ; Surface energy ; Activation energy ; Crystal (programming language) ; Crystallography ; Chemistry ; Physical chemistry ; Chemical engineering ; Curvature Crystallization and Solubility Studies ; nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions ; Surfactants and Colloidal Systems
Authors: V. N. Gerasimov | Н. В. Киселева | N.A. Korobova | I. A. Dyatlov
Source:  (article, 2024-12-19)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

ANTICORROSIVE PROPERTIES OF N,N-BIS(3-AMINOPROPYL)-DODECYLAMINE - Computer science ; Chemistry Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition ; Synthesis and properties of polymers ; Epoxy Resin Curing Processes
Authors: Dmytro Valeriiovych Riabyi | Е. Н. Смирнов | K.M. Sharandin | V.Ye. Ukhin
Source: Metal and Casting of Ukraine (article, 2024-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Study of the Wear Pattern of Crystallizer Sleeves during High-Speed Open Jet Casting of Steel Sleeve crystallizers are typically used for casting square billets with a cross section of up to 220-250 mm, as well as for casting round billets. Sleeve crystallizers are made of solid copper pipes with a wall thickness of 5 to 20 mm. A part with a specified cross-sectional profile, called a liner, is obtained from the tube billet using various metal forming methods to form the inner working wall of the crystallizer. The liner is inserted into a steel body and fastened at the top with a flange. The lower part of the liner is fixed in the body with a seal that allows free thermal expansion without deformation of the walls. Increasing the casting speed intensifies the heat flow and increases the deformation of the liner profile. These conditions not only accelerate wear processes, but also reveal defects in liner manufacturing and coating that are not detectable at low casting speeds. At present, Ukrainian metallurgical enterprises have accumulated a large amount of experimental material on the operation of crystallizers of continuous casting machines. However, in most cases, these data, which are necessary to increase the durability of crystallizers and improve the quality of products obtained at the enterprise, are not analyzed and generalized. The paper considers the causes of premature decommissioning and destruction of crystallizer sleeves of high-speed continuous casting machines. In real industrial conditions, the casting of a “long” series of metal using parabolic crystallizers at increased billet drawing speeds was investigated. During the industrial research, data were obtained and analyzed to determine the type of crystallizer liner design that has the highest operational life. Jet (fluid) ; Materials science ; Casting ; Metallurgy ; Mechanical engineering ; Composite material ; Engineering ; Aerospace engineering Metal Alloys Wear and Properties ; Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics ; Metallurgy and Material Forming
Authors: L.V. Ivantsova | В. Д. Белоногова | D. K. Gulyaev
Source:  (article, 2024-12-19)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

THE STUDY OF THE ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF LEAVES, THICK EXTRACT OF COMMON PEACH - PERSICA VULGARIS MILL - Mill ; Composition (language) ; Elemental analysis ; Botany ; Chemistry ; Biology ; Art ; Organic chemistry Heavy Metals in Plants ; Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities ; Seed and Plant Biochemistry
Authors: T. K. Gulyaeva
Source:  (article, 2024-12-19)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL COOPERATION MODEL OF THE INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR NEUTRON RESEARCH ON THE BASIS OF THE PIK HIGH-FLOW RESEARCH REACTOR (ICNR PIK) - Research center ; Research reactor ; Nuclear engineering ; Center (category theory) ; Basis (linear algebra) ; Neutron ; Computer science ; Nuclear physics ; Engineering ; Physics ; Chemistry ; Political science ; Mathematics Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies
Authors: S. A. Olomu | James Dama Habila | R. E. Musa | O. W. Ajishe | Emmanuel Olotuche Ochube | Samuel Y. Gazuwa
Source: European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety (article, 2024-01-20)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Evaluation of Selected Metals Contents of Brassica oleraceae (Cabbage), Solanum tuberosum (Irish Potatoes) and Daucus carota (Carrot) Grown at Irrigation Farms of Jos, Nigeria Aim: This study assessed levels of Cd, Pb, Fe, Zn and As in Brassica oleraceae (cabbage), Solanum tuberosum (Irish potatoes) and Daucus carota (carrot). Six samples were collected from each of the two irrigation farms. Samples were analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).&#x0D; Study Design: Six (6) samples of each vegetables, Brassica oleracea (cabbage), Solanum tuberosum (Irish potatoes) and Daucus carota (carrot) were obtained from irrigation farms situated at Lamingo and Russau. On each farm, 2 samples were collected thereby giving a total sample size of 36.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry Research Laboratory between February and April 2021.&#x0D; Methods: Turkey-Kramer multiple comparison tests in a one-way analysis of variance was used to analyse the data obtained.&#x0D; Results: Samples of cabbage from Russau showed mean values for Zn, Pb and Fe levels thus: 32.80±0.62, 0.27±0.02, and 20±0.06 respectively. Samples from Lamingo had mean levels of Zn, Pb and Fe thus: 23.30±0.26, 0.07±0.02, and 0.08±0.03 in that order. The concentrations of Pb, Zn were above standard values (P=0.05) but Fe was not significant. The machine did not detect arsenic (As). Samples of cabbage from Russau contained higher levels of all the metals than those from Lamingo. In Irish potatoes, samples from Lamingo had mean levels of Pb, Cd, Zn and Fe as follows: 0.188±0.017, 0.36±0.037 16.105±4.16 and 0.082 respectively. The levels were significantly above (P=.05) standard values. In Carrots, levels of the metals in samples from Lamingo were 0.15±0.015, 0.14±0.015 and 0.88±0.018 respectively for Fe, Cd and Pb. Similarly, samples from Russau had 0.14±0.016, 0.20±0.022 and 1.04±0.031 respectively for Fe, Cd and Pb.&#x0D; Conclusion: Samples, especially those from Russau, contain zinc but they also contain cadmium, lead and iron which can predispose to their toxic effects. Daucus carota ; Solanum tuberosum ; Brassica oleracea ; Brassica ; Horticulture ; Chemistry ; Solanum ; Brassica rapa ; Irrigation ; Botany ; Biology ; Agronomy Heavy Metals in Plants
Authors: R. Metodieva
Source:  (article, 2024-12-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

ANALYSIS OF RADIOPROTECTORS IN RADIATION INCIDENTS " " 16-18 2022 170 2 2022 . () 01.07.2022 . 30.06.2023 . (https://www.iybssd2022.org/en/home/), Computer science Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies ; Nuclear and radioactivity studies ; Risk and Safety Analysis