jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Vitaliy Tyukanko | Roman Tarunin | Alexandr Demyanenko | Vladislav Semenyuk | Antonina Dyuryagina | Yerik Merkibayev | А. А. Бакибаев | Rustam Alpyssov | Dmitriy Alyoshin
Source: Polymers (article, 2025-12-11)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Optimization of Composite Formulation Using Recycled Polyethylene for Rotational Molding In this work, we optimized three key factors for rotational molding composites: the recycled polyethylene (rPE) content, the pigment (Cp) content, and the process parameter-peak internal air temperature (PIAT). We studied the influence of rPE, Cp, and PIAT on various composite properties. These included mechanical properties (e.g., elastic modulus E), impact strength (MFEsp), surface characteristics (wettability measured by contact angle θ and IR spectroscopy), thermal stability (by DTA-TG analysis), environmental stress cracking resistance (ESCR in hours), and the amplitude of the third harmonic β of the ultrasonic back-wall signal. The IR spectroscopy and contact angle results indicate that adding rPE and pigment slightly increases the composite's surface hydrophilicity. The results show that PIAT strongly influences all the characteristics of the composites studied. Depending on its percentage, the introduction of rPE can either improve or worsen these composite properties. A correlation was found between β, ESCR, MFEsp, and E, demonstrating that β can serve as a quantitative indicator of internal stress (IS) in rotomolded parts. The recommended optimal composition is rPE 30%, Cp 0.5%, and PIAT 195 °C. Under these conditions, the composite exhibits minimal internal stress and optimal performance, which in turn extends the service life of rotomolded products. Four nomograms were developed: rPE = f(MFEsp, Cp, PIAT) and rPE = f(β, Cp, PIAT), which make it possible to quickly determine MFEsp and β of a product based on the actual PIAT, taking into account rPE and pigment content in the composite (they also allow selecting the rPE and pigment content in the composition depending on the required MFEsp). Composite number ; Molding (decorative) ; Polyethylene ; Contact angle ; Stress (linguistics) ; Thermal ; Relative humidity ; Thermal stability Polymer Foaming and Composites ; Polymer crystallization and properties ; Epoxy Resin Curing Processes
Authors: Charan R. Nallapareddy | Thomas C. Underwood
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (preprint, 2025-01-04)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Quantitative Single-Shot Supercontinuum-Enhanced Terahertz Spectroscopy (SETS) Single-shot terahertz (THz) spectroscopy probes sub-picosecond, non-repetitive events by combining the advantages of laser absorption techniques with the phase-sensitive detection of interferometric methods. However, its usage as a quantitative tool is hindered by the chirp penalty of the spectral encoding scheme, where a narrow probe bandwidth distorts the THz signal, limiting the bandwidth and spectral resolution of THz measurements. In this work, we introduce Supercontinuum-Enhanced Terahertz Spectroscopy (SETS), a method that leverages a broadband supercontinuum probe to overcome these challenges. With SETS, we show an increase in usable THz bandwidth from 1.5 THz to 2.3 THz, reducing signal distortion by 50% and offering a scalable pathway to extend bandwidth further. Numerical models of spectral encoding highlight the flexibility of SETS, achieving high spectral resolution (&lt; 4 GHz with a 250 ps supercontinuum pulse) while maintaining a usable bandwidth &gt; 1 THz for amplitude and phase spectra. Experiments on argon plasma and water vapor, complemented by theoretical validation, generalization, and extrapolation, show the capability of SETS to measure electron density, collision frequency, and absorption spectra simultaneously with tailored measurement accuracy and resolution (as low as 5x10^15 m^-3 for electron density). By addressing a critical limitation in single-shot diagnostics, SETS enables high-resolution, non-intrusive, quantitative measurements for complex reactive flows and dynamic refractive media. Supercontinuum ; Terahertz radiation ; Terahertz spectroscopy and technology ; Spectroscopy ; Shot (pellet) ; Single shot ; Photomixing ; Materials science ; Optoelectronics ; Optics ; Terahertz metamaterials ; Physics ; Far-infrared laser ; Optical fiber ; Astronomy ; Laser Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Photonic and Optical Devices ; Terahertz technology and applications
Authors: Рауан Лукпанов | Aliya Altynbekova | S. B. Yenkebayev | Denis Tsygulyov | Dinara ORAZOVA | Zhumabek Omarov | Kuanysh Makashev
Source: Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies (article, 2025-04-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Assessment of the chemical resistance of concrete with an additive based on granite dust and acrylic latex The object of the study is the chemical resistance of concrete modified with granite dust and acrylic latex. The materials used in the study were concrete samples with a variable composition of additive components, which were subsequently exposed to an aggressive environment. The problem, which the research is aimed at solving, is the tendency of concrete structures to fail under prolonged exposure to acidic conditions, which significantly reduces their service life. This research aims to address this issue by incorporating modifying additives that improve concrete’s resistance to chemical attack. The experimental program involved testing concrete specimens with different concentrations of granite dust (1–4 % by cement mass) and acrylic latex (0.1–0.4 % by water mass) in a 10 % sulfuric acid solution for up to 360 days. Strength loss was assessed at regular intervals, and chemical resistance coefficients were calculated to evaluate durability. Additionally, long-term degradation predictions were made using logarithmic models. The results show that the optimal composition – 4 % granite dust and 0.4 % acrylic latex –significantly improves chemical resistance, with specimens retaining up to 49 % of their initial strength after 100 years of exposure. The enhancement is attributed to the densification effect of granite dust, which reduces permeability, and the hydrophobizing properties of acrylic latex, which minimize acid penetration. Compared to unmodified concrete, the proposed composition demonstrates lower strength loss and higher durability under aggressive conditions. The proposed modified composition offers a reliable solution for extending the service life of reinforced concrete structures exposed to chemical degradation Resistance (ecology) ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Geotechnical engineering ; Geology ; Agronomy ; Biology Structural mechanics and materials
Authors: Akie Kowaguchi | Katsuhiro Endo | Kentaro Nomura | Shuichi Kurabayashi | Paul E. Brumby | Kenji Yasuoka
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-06-03)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Navigating Phase Transitions with Path-Finding Algorithms: A Strategic Approach to Replica Exchange Monte Carlo The replica exchange method is a powerful tool for overcoming slow relaxation in molecular simulations, but its efficiency depends strongly on the choice of the number and interval of replicas and their exchange probabilities. Here, we propose a new optimization scheme based on the Dijkstra algorithm that constructs an optimal exchange path by representing replicas and their exchange probabilities as a graph. Inspired by path-finding techniques widely used in computer science, including applications in game algorithms, our approach ensures that transitions follow a minimum entropy gradient path and effectively speeds up sampling even in systems exhibiting slow relaxation near critical points or phase transition regions. The method provides a systematic way to improve replica exchange efficiency and offers new insights into the control of relaxation dynamics, as demonstrated through applications to the solid-liquid phase transition of the Lennard-Jones bulk system. Replica ; Monte Carlo method ; Relaxation (psychology) ; Phase transition ; Path (computing) ; Phase (matter) ; Entropy (arrow of time) Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Markov Chains and Monte Carlo Methods
Authors: Ziyan Guo | Chang Chen
Source: Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Research on the design process and comfort optimisation path of functional clothing based on the principle of heat transfer Abstract The function of heat and moisture transfer of garment fabrics plays a very important role in the regulation of microclimate inside the garment. The first step in improving clothing comfort research was to analyze the design needs of functional clothing based on the principle of heat transfer. Then, the functional garment test was proposed, six fabric fabrics were selected as experimental objects, and the thermal resistance value of fabrics in dry skin conditions and the total heat dissipation in sweaty and wet skin conditions were studied. At the same time, in 92% high humidity conditions, several common clothing fabrics made for human wearing experiments were assessed for their heat and humidity comfort in the high humidity environment. Finally, the optimisation of clothing fabrics, as an example of summer clothing, selected the maximum transient heat flux Q-max and selected the thermal conductivity K as a characterisation index to determine the optimal fabric organisation of the linen fabrics and cotton, and then On this basis, the design of summer garments is carried out. The main design of its loft and opening optimization has been carried out. Clothing ; Heat transfer ; Heat flux ; Microclimate ; Humidity ; Thermal comfort ; Architectural engineering ; Thermal resistance ; Materials science ; Mechanical engineering ; Environmental science ; Engineering ; Mechanics ; Meteorology Textile materials and evaluations ; Thermoregulation and physiological responses ; Color perception and design
Authors: Úrsula Manríquez‐Tolsá | Carlos Zaid Bustamante‐Pérez | José Manuel García‐Anaya | Ángel Tlacaelel Ortiz‐Manzano | Roeb García‐Arrazola | Eva Patricia Bermúdez‐García | Diana Iruretagoyena Ferrer | Miguel Ángel Pimentel‐Alarcón
Source: The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering (article, 2025-11-30)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Design and implementation of a <scp>3D</scp> ‐printed modular distillation tower for experimental teaching in chemical engineering Abstract Several authors have reported the disconnection between the skills, abilities, and attitudes of graduates from STEM careers with the current needs of the labour market. In science and engineering fields, research has found the need for interdisciplinary approaches that encourage meaningful learning. 3D printing has demonstrated its ability to enable the design of meaningful learning experiences to enhance academic knowledge, process design, creativity, and critical thinking. In the specific case of the distillation process, a lack of knowledge appropriation has been documented, and consequently, the students retrieve information without understanding it. This hinders the development of higher‐level thinking skills. This work documents the implementation of a 3D‐printed modular distillation tower within a classroom laboratory. The design of this modular tower allows different configurations to be assembled and evaluated. In the present study, two of these, tray number and tray type, were explored. Its use in class was intended as an educational support to provide students with the elements to design their own distillation towers. Therefore, although 3D printing is a learning process by itself, in this case the main purpose is the pedagogical tool for the distillation process. The reported experience consisted of comparing student groups that did or did not use the 3D‐printed distillation tower for the development of a laboratory experiment. The scope of the work included the assessment of general learning outcomes, particularly critical thinking, problem solving, collaboration, motivation, and creativity. Academic content knowledge was also assessed through a written test about the distillation process. Modular design ; Process (computing) ; Class (philosophy) ; Fractionating column ; Distillation ; Scope (computer science) ; Tray ; Work (physics) ; Appropriation Various Chemistry Research Topics ; Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ; Nanotechnology research and applications
Authors: Paola Gargano | Sabrina Picciotto | Angela Paterna | Samuele Raccosta | Estella Rao | Daniele P. Romancino | Giulia Smeraldi | Mauro Manno | Monica Salamone | Nataša Zarovni | Giorgia Adamo | Antonella Bongiovanni
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2025-07-28)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Nanoalgosomes from <i>Tetraselmis chuii</i> : Microalgal Extracellular Vesicles for UV Protection, Anti-Aging, and Skin Depigmentation Abstract The search for effective dermocosmetic treatments has recently been accompanied by the growing demand for ingredients that are both naturally derived and sustainable. In this context, microalgae have emerged as a promising biofactory, producing bioactive compounds for skin health, widely recognized for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging activities. To leverage these properties, besides the conventional use of microalgal mass or extracts, the isolation and application of their secretome, including the extracellular vesicles named “nanoalgosomes”, emerged as a novel and increasingly studied approach. EVs are membranous nanoparticles released by all cells and naturally efficient in the transport of both endogenous and exogenous bioactive molecules. Their unique biological properties make them ideal candidates for therapeutic and cosmetic applications. Here, we propose nanoalgosomes, as a sustainable and effective solution for innovative dermocosmetic treatments. In this study we exemplify the use of the microalgae Tetraselmis chuii, an edible, green and renewable bio-source of extracellular vesicles. We demonstrated the nanoalgosomes’ skin-health promoting potential, by employing the human skin cells as model to evidence the nanoalgosome ability to protect the cells from ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation-related damages, by reducing both the oxidative stress, and senescence-associated phenotype in UVB-exposed skin cells. Furthermore, nanoalgosomes modulate melanogenesis in UVB-stimulated melanocytes by downregulating tyrosinase, significantly reducing melanin content, supporting their role as photoprotective and pigmentation-modulating agents. Altogether, our results provide a solid foundation for the development of nanoalgosome-based formulations in dermocosmetic applications aimed at UV protection, anti-aging, and depigmentation, supporting the transition toward natural and sustainable skincare solutions. Tetraselmis ; Depigmentation ; Extracellular vesicles ; Chemistry ; Sun protection ; Food science ; Botany ; Biology ; Dermatology ; Cell biology ; Algae ; Medicine Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis ; Extracellular vesicles in disease ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
Authors: Xuehua Sun | Rui Tian | Haoyu Li | Yuecheng Zhang | Wanqiao Bai | Hao Yu
Source: Journal of higher education teaching. (article, 2025-08-01)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Exploring Teaching Reform Strategies for Analytical Chemistry Experiments Oriented towards the Cultivation of High-Quality Applied Talents Against the backdrop of the construction of application-oriented high-level universities, the reform of analytical chemistry laboratory courses has become a critical component in cultivating high-quality application-oriented talent. This study established a tiered and progressive laboratory course system through measures such as optimising the curriculum structure, innovating teaching content and methods, introducing advanced instrumentation and equipment, reforming assessment and evaluation methods, and strengthening faculty development. The reform aims to enhance students' practical skills, innovative thinking, and research literacy to meet the evolving societal demands for skilled professionals in the new era. Curriculum ; Instrumentation (computer programming) ; Component (thermodynamics) ; Higher education ; Curriculum development ; Teaching method Various Chemistry Research Topics ; Innovative Teaching Methods ; Education and Work Dynamics
Authors: Ludvík Juříček | Katarína Pagáčová | David Mazák | Olga Vojtěchovská
Source: HighTech and Innovation Journal (article, 2025-02-25)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

High-Tech Models for Simulating the Wounding Effects of Projectiles of Small Calibres: Benefits for Security Management The aim of this study is to analyse the effects of projectiles of small calibres on the human femur using an innovative indirect identification method. A heterogeneous physical model was developed that combines ballistic gelatine for soft tissues and porcine femur as an analogue for human bone to simulate gunshot injuries under ethical and economic conditions. The study evaluated three types of ammunition: 9 mm Luger pistol cartridges and two micro-calibre rifle cartridges, 5.56×45 mm (SS 109) and 5.45×39 mm (7H6). Ballistic testing measured impact and exit velocities, assessed bone tissue destruction, soft tissue damage, and the temporary cavity created by projectiles. The findings reveal that micro-calibre rifle projectiles cause up to twice the bone destruction and more extensive soft tissue damage compared to pistol ammunition. The study also highlights the significant role of liquid structures in the medullary cavity in amplifying bone damage. These results improve ballistic testing methodologies, offering valuable insights for crisis management, security operations, and the development of protective equipment. The proposed model serves as a critical tool for understanding the effects on human tissues, aiding in forensic analysis, and advancing experimental ballistics. This research opens new opportunities for applications in the security and health disciplines. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2025-06-01-010 Full Text: PDF Airport security ; Projectile ; Computer science ; Computer security ; Materials science High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Automotive and Human Injury Biomechanics
Authors: B. N. Aguebor-Ogie | E. O. Ochonung | E. O. Omorowa
Source: Journal of applied science and environmental management (article, 2025-12-26)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Phytochemical Constituents and Proximate Composition of Elaeis guineensis (PalmKernel) and Cocos nucifera (Coconut) Seed Oils Sourced from Local Markets in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria The objective of this paper was to evaluate and compare the Phytochemical Constituents and Proximate Composition of Elaeis guineensis (Palm Kernel) and Cocos nucifera (Coconut) seed oils sourced from local markets in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria using standard AOAC protocols along with spectrophotometric techniques. Qualitative analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and phenolic compounds in PKO, while flavonoids were absent in CO. Quantitative evaluation demonstrated that PKO exhibited significantly higher levels of phenolics (168.25 mg/100g ± 0.75), steroids (122.50 mg/100g ± 0.60), and saponins (9.65 mg/100g ± 0.15) compared to CO, which recorded 135.25 mg/100g ± 0.35, 108.70 mg/100g ± 0.80, and 6.35 mg/100g ± 0.15, respectively. Flavonoids were not detected in CO. In terms of proximate analysis, CO displayed a slightly higher fat content (97.31 % ± 0.02) than PKO (96.28 % ± 0.07), whereas PKO demonstrated greater protein (1.10 % ± 0.02) and moisture (1.88 % ± 0.01) levels. Fibre, ash, and carbohydrate levels were minimal in both oils. Overall, PKO was found to possess a more diverse phytochemical composition and commendable nutritional value, highlighting its potential for use in antioxidant-rich, nutraceutical, and functional food products. These findings support the informed application of tropical plant-based oils in health-focused industries. Phytochemical ; Elaeis guineensis ; Proximate ; Cocos nucifera ; Composition (language) ; Benin city ; Ethnobotany Coconut Research and Applications ; African Botany and Ecology Studies ; Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
Authors: Ekta Jolly | Vijay Kumar Sharma | Anil Kumar Bhardwaj
Source: Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Highly-Stable and Lower-Power Static Random-Access Memory Design in Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor Nanotechnology Carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNTFET) technology is emerging as a potential replacement for metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) technology. CNTFET uses carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a channel, due to which CNTFET technology displays superior electrical characteristics, like increased carrier mobility, ballistic carrier transport, and adjustable threshold voltage. While working with MOSFETs, different short-channel effects (SCEs) result in the degradation of various performance parameters. The MOSFET-based static random-access memory (SRAM) faces various SCEs, leakage, and higher power consumption at smaller technology nodes. Therefore, this research work proposes a CNTFET-based SRAM cell design that utilizes a reliable leakage minimization technique (LMT) to overcome these challenges. The proposed LMT-SRAM circuit is designed for low-power, high-performance embedded memory. To design the LMT-SRAM cell, a reliable leakage minimization block is inserted between the pull-up and pull-down networks of the cross-coupled inverters, which reduces the power dissipation. CNTFETs, because of their superior electrical properties, help the proposed design to achieve improved performance metrics. The proposed LMT-SRAM circuit is simulated with the Stanford University 32nm CNTFET technology model using HSPICE for a power supply of 0.9V and at room temperature conditions. The simulation results justify that the proposed CNTFET-based LMT-SRAM cell attains 98.6% reductions in average power dissipation when compared to previous designs. The proposed design shows 91.6% faster execution while in write mode and 33.6% faster execution while in read mode. The design has also shown remarkable stability and variability during read and write operations. The butterfly and N-curve methods are used to determine static noise margin (SNM) for the proposed LMT-SRAM cell. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are performed to verify SNM stability across process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test is also performed using MATLAB to determine the normality of the dataset obtained from the MC sample run. Carbon nanotube field-effect transistor ; Static random-access memory ; Transistor ; Carbon nanotube ; Noise margin ; Dissipation ; CMOS ; Leakage (economics) Carbon Nanotubes in Composites ; Low-power high-performance VLSI design ; Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata