jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Al-Shaimaa M. Salah | Lamiaa A. Hassan | Faten Fathallaa | Medhat A. Al‐Ghobashy | Marianne Nebsen
Source: Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences (article, 2022-05-18)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Preparation and characterization of polymyxin B- and histidine-coupled magnetic nanoparticles for purification of biologics from acquired endotoxin contamination Abstract Background Endotoxin is a major process-related impurity that can act as a strong immunostimulant leading to fever and hypotensive shock. Thus, the US FDA and international quality standards strictly direct the biologics manufacturers to control the endotoxin contamination during the purification process. In this work, a developed method for biologics purification from acquired endotoxin contamination is introduced. This is accomplished by the preparation of dextran-coated magnetic nanoparticles using a facile rapid co-precipitation method. Results The resulting magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are characterized by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and vibrating sample magnetometry. The dextran-coated magnetic nanoparticles are further coupled to either polymyxin B or histidine to provide a positively charged ligand which enhances the affinity to the negatively charged endotoxin. Both ligands-coupled MNPs are tested for purification efficiency using the chromogenic kinetic assay. The method conditions are optimized using a two-level factorial design to achieve best purification conditions of the contaminated biologics and indicated endotoxin removal percentage 85.12% and maximum adsorption capacity of 38.5 mg/g, for histidine-coupled MNPs. Conclusions This developed method is introduced to serve biologics manufacturers to improve their manufacturing processes through providing a simple purifying tool for biologics from acquired endotoxin contamination. Graphical Abstract Magnetic nanoparticles ; Contamination ; Limulus amebocyte lysate ; Chromatography ; Nanoparticle ; Chemistry ; Adsorption ; Zeta potential ; Materials science ; Nuclear chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Organic chemistry ; Lipopolysaccharide ; Medicine Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics ; Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
Authors: Geetanjali Mishra | Sanjit Das | Priyalisa Jena | Barsha Dash
Source: Materials Advances (article, 2022-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Synthesis and characterization of template-mediated mesoporous alumina nanostructures with efficient and fast adsorption of Congo red from aqueous solutions This article summaries an approach for the removal of organic dyes like Congo red using mesoporous alumina. Industrial effluents that contain dyes need to be treated before being discharged into surface water. Congo red ; Mesoporous material ; Aqueous solution ; Adsorption ; Characterization (materials science) ; Chemical engineering ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Nanostructure ; Effluent ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry ; Catalysis ; Environmental engineering ; Environmental science Nanomaterials for catalytic reactions ; Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal ; Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis
Authors: Hadeer G.Fouad | Alaa S. Amin | Ibrahim S.Ahmed | Ayman A.Ali
Source: Benha Journal of Applied Sciences (article, 2022-04-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Zinc-aluminium layered double hydroxides: Fabrication, study and adsorption application for removal organic dye from aqueous media The current research aimed for the preparation of the zinc-aluminium layered double hydroxide by co-precipitation method using metal nitrates and sodium hydroxide. The obtained product was studied using X-ray diffraction, High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Field-emission scanning electron microscopy. XRD data appeared that the obtained zinc-aluminium layered double hydroxide is in the range of the nanoparticle. The crystallite and particle sizes were determined from XRD and TEM. The adsorption parameters of organic dye removal using the zinc-aluminium layered double hydroxides were investigated using a batch method. The adsorption isotherms and kinetic models were studied utilizing the synthesized zinc-aluminium layered double hydroxide Layered double hydroxides ; Adsorption ; Zinc ; Fabrication ; Aluminium ; Aqueous medium ; Aqueous solution ; Materials science ; Organic dye ; Inorganic chemistry ; Chemical engineering ; Chemistry ; Metallurgy ; Organic chemistry Layered Double Hydroxides Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Herman Coceancigh | Lianjie Xue | Shinobu Nagasaka | Daniel A. Higgins | Takashi Ito
Source: The Journal of Physical Chemistry B (article, 2022-10-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Solvent-Induced Swelling Behaviors of Microphase-Separated Polystyrene-<i>block</i>-Poly(ethylene oxide) Thin Films Investigated Using In Situ Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Single-Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy Block copolymers have attracted considerable interest in the fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology because these polymers afford well-defined nanostructures via self-assembly. An in-depth understanding of solvent effects on the physicochemical properties of these microdomains is crucial for their preparation and utilization. Herein, we employed in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry and single-molecule fluorescence techniques to gain detailed insights into microdomain properties in polystyrene-<i>block</i>-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-<i>b</i>-PEO) films exposed to ethanol- and water-saturated N<sub>2</sub>. We observed a quick increase and a subsequent gradual decrease in the ellipsometric thickness of PS-<i>b</i>-PEO films upon exposure to ethanol-saturated N<sub>2</sub>. This observation was unexpected because ethanol-saturated N<sub>2</sub> induced negligible thickness change for PS and PEO homopolymer films. The similarity in maximum thickness gain observed under ethanol- and water-saturated N<sub>2</sub> implied the swelling of PEO microdomains. Ethanol vapor permeation through the PEO microdomains was supported by the redshift of the ensemble and single-molecule fluorescence emission of Nile red in PS-<i>b</i>-PEO films. Single-molecule tracking data showed the initial enhancement and subsequent reduction of the diffusion of hydrophilic sulforhodamine B molecules in PS-<i>b</i>-PEO films upon exposure to ethanol-saturated N<sub>2</sub>, consistent with the spectroscopic ellipsometry results. The higher ethanol susceptibility of the PEO microdomains was attributable to their amorphous nature, as shown by FTIR data. Ethylene oxide ; Materials science ; Polymer ; Polystyrene ; Ellipsometry ; Chemical engineering ; Solvent ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Polymer chemistry ; Copolymer ; Thin film ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry Block Copolymer Self-Assembly ; Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization ; Nanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies
Authors: Emily J. Skiba | Nicola H. Perry
Source: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (article, 2022-10-13)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

High-Temperature 2D Optical Relaxation Visualizes Enhanced Oxygen Exchange Kinetics at Metal-Mixed Conducting Oxide Interfaces Solid-state heterointerfaces are of interest for emergent local behavior that is distinct from either bulk parent compound. One technologically relevant example is the case of mixed ionic/electronic conductor (MIEC)-metal interfaces, which play an important role in electrochemistry. Metal-MIEC composite electrodes can demonstrate improved catalytic activity vs single-phase MIECs, improving fuel cell efficiency. Similarly, MIEC surface reaction kinetics are often evaluated using techniques that place metal current collectors in contact with the surface under evaluation, potentially altering the response vs the native surface. Techniques enabling direct and local in situ observation of the behavior at and around such heterointerfaces are needed. Here, we develop a spatially resolved optical transmission relaxation (2D-OTR) method providing continuous evaluation of local, high-temperature, controlled atmosphere defect kinetics across a ∼1 cm<sup>2</sup> sample area simultaneously in a contact-free manner. We apply it to observe the spatial variance of oxygen incorporation and evolution rates at ∼525-620 °C, in response to step changes in oxygen partial pressure, on MIEC SrTi<sub>0.65</sub>Fe<sub>0.35</sub>O<sub>3-<i>x</i></sub> films as a function of distance from porous Pt and Au layers. Using this model geometry, we find significant enhancements in kinetics adjacent to the metals that decay over a few millimeter distance. To extract kinetic parameters, we fit the short-term optical data (initial portion of relaxations) with an exponential decay function appropriate for surface-exchange-limited kinetics, yielding apparent surface exchange coefficients (<i>k</i><sub>chem</sub>) with spatial resolution, decreasing with distance from the metal. To understand the kinetic processes governing the complete (long-term) optical relaxations, we performed COMSOL simulations, which demonstrated that a combination of laterally varying <i>k</i><sub>chem</sub> and in-plane diffusion controls the observed kinetics over the full time range. Further support for spatially varying <i>k</i><sub>chem</sub> comes from demonstrations of changing surface and bulk chemistry vs distance from the metal-MIEC interface, by X-ray photoelectron and optical absorption spectroscopies, respectively. Although microporous Pt and Au are not excellent electrodes in isolation, both metals exert a synergistic effect on the oxygen surface exchange rate in the presence of the mixed conducting film. Materials science ; Kinetics ; Oxide ; Partial pressure ; Relaxation (psychology) ; Chemical physics ; Metal ; Ionic bonding ; Oxygen ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Nanotechnology ; Chemistry ; Ion Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides ; Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ; Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
Authors: Grzegorz Gawłowski | Magdalena Niemczewska-Wójcik
Source: Advances in Science and Technology – Research Journal (article, 2022-03-04)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Investigation of the Surface Topography of Titanium Alloys Applied to Friction Components The subject of this study and analysis was titanium alloy, applied among others to the friction components of orthopaedic (artifi cial hip joint) implants. This material was subjected to abrasive fi nishing using a synthetic diamond as a tool. The properties of the studied titanium alloy were characterised. The processing technology and the research methods are discussed. The surfaces, after being subjected to abrasive machining, were studied using three research instruments -an interference microscope, a scanning electron microscope, and an atomic force microscope. Advanced metrology software was used to analyse the measurement data. The aim of the research was to present the changes taking place in the forming of the surface of the studied titanium alloy, in particular those occurring in the fi nal sequential processing. A characterisation of the machined surfaces was prepared based on parametric (surface topography -parameters and functions) and non-parametric (surface morphology -images) analysis. The signifi cant infl uence of the sequence and the tool (diamond grain and micro-grain) on the surface topography shaped during the technological process is presented. Improvement in the surface quality and features was observed. Parametric analysis showed no signifi cant diff erences between TA-III and TA-IV surfaces (Titanium alloy Ti-6.5Al-1.3Si-2Zr), while these diff erences were visualised by non-parametric analysis. Moreover, the hereditary features of the surface topography (isotropy and pits/valleys) and their infl uence on the potential functional properties (place/area for accumulation/retaining of the lubricant in the friction zone) of the titanium alloy were analysed. Materials science ; Titanium ; Surface (topology) ; Titanium alloy ; Metallurgy ; Composite material ; Engineering drawing ; Geometry ; Engineering ; Mathematics ; Alloy Metal Alloys Wear and Properties ; Metal and Thin Film Mechanics ; Metallurgy and Material Forming
Authors: Esmeralda Muñoz‐Cortés | Olga L. Ibryaeva | Miguel Manso‐Silván | Borja Zabala | Eduardo Flores | Almudena Gutierrez | J.R. Ares | Roman Nevshupa
Source: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (article, 2022-12-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Tribochemically driven dehydrogenation of undoped sodium alanate under room temperature An application of mechanical energy was explored as a new non-thermal method to drive H<sub>2</sub> emission from undoped sodium alanate at room temperature. It was found that mild rubbing of NaAlH<sub>4</sub> pellets under vacuum led to intensive and almost instantaneous gas emission. The dominating species in the emitted gases was H<sub>2</sub> (>99%). Traces of mono- and polyalanes, NaAlH<sub>4</sub> vapours, CO<sub>2</sub> and other non-identified gases were registered. H<sub>2</sub> emission involved several first-order processes, whose characteristic time constants ranged widely from 0.6 to 465 s. None of the dehydrogenation reactions could be connected to either the thermal effect of friction or the direct coupling of mechanical forces to the energy landscape of chemical reactions. In turn, it was suggested that the tribochemical reactions can be triggered by plastic deformation and shearing. A linked diffusion-wear model of NaAlH<sub>4</sub> triboinduced dehydrogenation, which consistently explains all empirical findings, was put forward. Dehydrogenation ; Sodium ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Inorganic chemistry ; Chemical engineering ; Metallurgy ; Catalysis ; Organic chemistry Hydrogen Storage and Materials ; Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction ; Fuel Cells and Related Materials
Authors: Xiaobo Jing | Qi Wang
Source: Entropy (article, 2022-11-17)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Thermodynamically Consistent Models for Coupled Bulk and Surface Dynamics We present a constructive paradigm to derive thermodynamically consistent models coupling the bulk and surface dynamics hierarchically following the generalized Onsager principle. In the model, the bulk and surface thermodynamical variables are allowed to be different and the free energy of the model comprises the bulk, surface, and coupling energy, which can be weakly or strongly non-local. We illustrate the paradigm using a phase field model for binary materials and show that the model includes the existing thermodynamically consistent ones for the binary material system in the literature as special cases. In addition, we present a set of such phase field models for a few selected mobility operators and free energies to show how boundary dynamics impart changes to bulk dynamics and vice verse. As an example, we show numerically how reactive transport on the boundary impacts the dynamics in the bulk using a reactive transport model for binary reactive fluids by adopting a structure-preserving algorithm to solve the model equations in a rectangular domain. Phase field models ; Statistical physics ; Binary number ; Surface (topology) ; Constructive ; Boundary (topology) ; Coupling (piping) ; Boundary value problem ; Physics ; Field (mathematics) ; Phase (matter) ; Domain (mathematical analysis) ; Classical mechanics ; Thermodynamics ; Materials science ; Mathematics ; Computer science ; Mathematical analysis ; Quantum mechanics ; Geometry Solidification and crystal growth phenomena ; nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions ; Advanced Mathematical Modeling in Engineering
Authors: Max Poschmann | M.H.A. Piro | Michael S. Greenwood
Source: Nuclear Engineering and Design (article, 2022-02-24)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Dynamic mass accountancy modeling of a molten salt reactor using equilibrium thermodynamics Molten salt reactor ; Molten salt ; Coolant ; Nuclear engineering ; Fission products ; Overheating (electricity) ; Materials science ; Process engineering ; Engineering ; Mechanical engineering ; Metallurgy Nuclear Materials and Properties ; Nuclear reactor physics and engineering ; Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics
Authors: James Torres | Zachary Buck | H. Kaiser | Eugene Mamontov | Madhusudan Tyagi | F. Y. Hansen | K. W. Herwig | Luke Daemen | Michelle K. Kidder | H. Taub
Source: AIP Advances (article, 2022-06-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Study of the water dynamics near hydrophilic, nanostructured CuO surfaces by quasielastic and inelastic neutron scattering We have used quasielastic and inelastic neutron scattering to investigate the structure, dynamics, and phase transitions of water interacting with superhydrophilic CuO surfaces that not only possess a strong affinity for water but also a “grass-like” topography that is rough on both micro- and nanoscales. Here, we report quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) measurements on two samples differing in water content at five temperatures below 280 K. The QENS spectra show water undergoing two different types of diffusive motion near the CuO surfaces: a “slow” translational diffusion occurring on a nanosecond time scale and a faster rotational motion. Further from the surfaces, there is “fast” translational diffusion comparable in rate to that of bulk supercooled water and the rotational motion occurring in the interfacial water. Analysis of the QENS spectra supports wetting of water to the CuO blades as seen in electron microscopy images. In addition, we observe an anomalous temperature dependence of the QENS spectra on cooling from 270 to 230 K with features consistent with a liquid–liquid phase transition. We suggest that the solvent-like properties of the coexisting bulk-like water in our CuO samples are a significant factor in determining the temperature dependence of the interfacial water’s dynamics. Our results are compared with those obtained from two well-studied substrate classes: (1) silicas that contain ordered cylindrical nanopores but have weaker hydrophilicity and (2) nanoparticles of other transition-metal oxides, such as TiO2, which share the strong hydrophilicity of our samples but lack their porosity. Quasielastic neutron scattering ; Materials science ; Chemical physics ; Supercooling ; Quasielastic scattering ; Rotational diffusion ; Inelastic neutron scattering ; Diffusion ; Neutron scattering ; Phase (matter) ; Phase transition ; Wetting ; Small-angle neutron scattering ; Chemistry ; Scattering ; Optics ; Condensed matter physics ; Composite material ; Thermodynamics ; Organic chemistry Material Dynamics and Properties ; Theoretical and Computational Physics ; Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics
Authors: Hemanta Mukherjee | Soma Mukherjee
Source: Trends in Sciences (article, 2022-03-05)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Sequestration of Brilliant Green Dye by Coriander Leaf: Isotherm and Kinetic Studies Adsorption process has been performed to investigate the potentiality of coriander leaf to sequester brilliant green (BG) dye from the aqueous phase. Coriander leaf of 75-micron size has been characterized by SEM, BET, FTIR etc. In the present study, emphasis has been given on the removal of BG dye under different conditions viz. dose of biomaterial (10.0 - 100.0 mg), pH (2.0 - 12.0) and dye concentration (10.0 - 100.0 mg/L) by Taguchi optimization. The batch experiments have been conducted at 25 ℃ with stirring speed of 120.0 rpm. The kinetic study is performed at two different temperatures, 30 and 40 ℃. The batch adsorption process for sequestration of the dye followed pseudo-2nd order kinetics (R2 = 0.99). The study also reveals that the Freundlich isotherm is the best fitted (R2 = 0.96) model. The adsorption capacity is 68.49 mg/g and the overall removal efficiency is above 80.0 %. HIGHLIGHTS The coriander leaf (75-micron) has been investigated as an effective adsorbent for Brilliant green dye in aqueous environment Effects of physico-chemical properties of adsorbent (BET, pZC, zeta potential, bulk density, moisture, ash etc.) and the role of several operating parameters (contact time, pH, dose and concentration) have been investigated Langmuir, Freundlich isotherm models and pseudo-second-order kinetic model favour the adsorption phenomena L9 orthogonal array (3X3) of Taguchi optimization study with ANOVA analysis predicts the role of control parameters GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT Freundlich equation ; Adsorption ; Taguchi methods ; Langmuir ; Brilliant green ; Chemistry ; Point of zero charge ; Aqueous solution ; Nuclear chemistry ; Zeta potential ; Langmuir adsorption model ; Chromatography ; Chemical engineering ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Materials science ; Organic chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Composite material Dye analysis and toxicity
Authors: Baybeen Al-Silevany | Lazkeen Mehmedany
Source: Journal of Ecological Engineering (article, 2022-11-30)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

The Effect of Wetting and Drying Cycles on Potassium Release in Three Soil Orders This research was conducted to study the potassium release under ten wetting and drying cycles in three soil orders (Mollisols, Vertisols, and Aridisols) collected from three different locations (Sharya, Semeel, and Kanishrin) in Dohuk governorate in Iraqi-Kurdistan region by using Ca-resin capsules, and K + desorption (K d ) fitted to four model equations to choose the best equation to describe K + . The results of the experiments showed that flocculated water content wetting and drying cycles increased cumulative K-release from Ca-resin capsules until a tenth of the wetting-drying cycle. Potassium desorption according to the kinetic approach showed a significant effect of time on potassium desorption, and potassium desorption conformed to parabolic diffusion equations kinetics was the best equation to describe the K d of potassium by using Ca-resin with a high coefficient of determination (R 2 ) and low standard error and the order of the equation in terms of their preference in describing the desorption process is as follows: 1 -Parabolic diffusion, 2 -Power function, 3 -Elovich equation, 4 -First-order. The apparent desorption rate coefficient for the parabolic diffusion equation ranged from 0.1084-0.0877-0.1040 cmol kg -1 day -1 from Mollisols, Vertisols, and Aridisols respectively. The rate coefficient K + desorption according to the parabolic diffusion equation had a significant and positive correlation with SO 4 2-, K + , T-CaCO 3 , HCO 3 , CEC, and Ca 2+ but negatively significant correlated with EC and active CaCO 3 . Desorption ; Diffusion ; Potassium ; Vertisol ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Chemistry ; Wetting ; Diffusion equation ; Thermodynamics ; Materials science ; Soil science ; Chromatography ; Adsorption ; Soil water ; Physics ; Physical chemistry ; Geology Clay minerals and soil interactions ; Soil and Unsaturated Flow ; Landfill Environmental Impact Studies