jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Shu Jiang | Jianwen Jiang
Source: International Journal of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering (article, 2026-01-20)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Research on Strawberry Quality Inspection Based on Hyperspectral Imaging Technology This study integrates hyper-spectral imaging technology, data mining, and image processing to explore its application in non-destructive quality assessment of strawberries, including evaluations of appearance, maturity, and internal quality. It also investigates the impact of different feature selection algorithms on classification accuracy. The research contributes to the development of automated quality grading systems for off-season strawberries, reducing post-harvest losses and enhancing fruit quality. Key findings include: (1) Analysis of strawberry quality parameters and spectral characteristics changes (2) High-spectral imaging-based strawberry hardness detection method (3) Detection of Soluble Solid Content (SSC) in Strawberries Using Hyper-spectral Imaging Hyperspectral imaging ; Feature selection ; Grading (engineering) ; Image processing ; Quality (philosophy) ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Image quality ; Feature extraction Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Smart Agriculture and AI ; Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Authors: Mihir Durve | Serena Armiento | Benham Kamare | Sauro Succi | Barbara Mazzolai | Fabian Meder
Source: ArXiv.org (article, 2026-01-26)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Spontaneous epicuticular charging affects droplet dynamics on living leaves How water droplets move and slide on leaves influences plant ecophysiological and abiotic interactions, as well as the design of advanced bio-inspired wetting materials. Despite cross-disciplinary relevance, current descriptions of the in situ dynamics of droplets on living leaves focus almost exclusively on surface structure and chemistry, treating the leaf as a static, electrically neutral substrate. Here, three decades after the mechanistic discovery of the Lotus effect, we show that a yet 'hidden' force due to instantaneous electrical phenomena affect the dynamic droplet motion on living leaves. Using high-speed motion tracking and precision charge measurements, we show that droplets sliding on the pristine epicuticular wax layer on superhydrophobic Colocasia esculenta leaves strongly charge affecting its dynamics, previously observed only on synthetic (highly electronegative fluorinated) surfaces. Droplets accumulate charges of Qp,D1 = -0.02 to -0.15 nC per 30 uL droplet on pristine leaves. However, we specifically demonstrate the crucial role of the epicuticular wax layer plasticity: by a structural modification that decreases its roughness amplitude, the same leaves gain an impressive 30-40 fold enhancement in charge transfer (reaching Qt,D1 = -2.8 to -5.2 nC) slowing the droplet by half due to an estimated electrostatic force of 11 uN dominating the resistive forces. The charge accumulation is surface-history-dependent and charge quantities per droplet are surprisingly similar or even exceeding those recently reported from artificial surfaces. Our findings prove that electrostatic charging is a fundamental component of droplet-leaf interactions, opening new research directions from charge-affected leaf ecology to sustainable materials for droplet-based energy harvesting by tuning surface treatments and, moreover,... Epicuticular wax ; Wetting ; Lotus effect ; Wax ; Resistive touchscreen ; Dynamics (music) ; Electrostatics ; Surface charge Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity ; Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies ; Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
Authors: Wei Chen | Yuan Gao | Yiming Yan | Zhipeng Zhang | Kaibin Chen | Yi-Hsuan Lin | Jiaqing Shen | Mingyong Zhuang | Zhaogang Dong | Jinfeng Zhu
Source: PhotoniX (article, 2026-03-18)
Field: Materials Science — Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Reality-infused deep learning for angle-resolved quasi-optical Fourier surfaces Abstract Optical Fourier surfaces (OFSs), featuring sinusoidally profiled diffractive elements, manipulate light through patterned nanostructures and incident angle modulation. Compared to altering structural parameters, tuning elevation and azimuthal angles offers greater design flexibility for light field control and significantly reduces fabrication cost. However, angle-resolved responses of OFSs are often complex due to diverse mode excitations and couplings, complicating the alignment between simulations and practical fabrication. Here, we present a reality-infused deep learning framework, empowered by angle-resolved measurements, to enable real-time and accurate predictions of angular dispersion in quasi-OFSs. This approach captures critical features, including nanofabrication and measurement imperfections, which conventional simulation-based methods typically overlook. Our framework significantly accelerates the design process while achieving predictive performance highly consistent with experimental observations across broad angular and spectral ranges. Our study supports valuable insights into the development of OFS-based devices, and represents a paradigm shift from simulation-driven to reality-infused methods, paving the way for advancements in optical design applications. Azimuth ; Deep learning ; Flexibility (engineering) ; Fourier transform ; Dispersion (optics) ; Process (computing) ; Fabrication ; Field (mathematics) Optical Coatings and Gratings ; Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics
Authors: Siavash Davoodi | Bhabananda Biswas | Laurence N. Warr | Balu R. Thombare | Ravi Naidu
Source: Clean Technologies (article, 2026-02-03)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Evaluating Halloysite-Rich Kaolin/Biopolymer Composites for Enhanced Carbon Capture—A Study of Isotherms and Mechanisms Anthropogenic CO2 emissions have accelerated climate change, prompting the need for effective capture technologies. Adsorption using clay-based sorbents offers an eco-friendly alternative, although performance often requires enhancement. This study explored mechanochemical modification of two halloysite-rich kaolin clay samples—iron-poor (Hal) and iron-rich (HalFe)—using locust bean gum and quillaja saponin and compared their CO2 uptake with the calcined counterparts (CHal, CHalFe). All samples were characterized using standard techniques, and their CO2 uptake was measured volumetrically across 0.1–20 bar and 15–35 °C. Modified sorbents showed enhanced mesoporosity and binding sites, increasing CO2 uptake by up to 26% at 20 bar (11.85 mg/g) and 125% at 1 bar (2.25 mg/g). Calcination, however, reduced surface area and sorption capacity. Isosteric heat values remained within the physisorption range, as supported by FTIR, XRF, and XPS, which showed no bulk carbonate formation. These sorbents show lower CO2 uptakes than conventional ones. Yet their low costs, abundance, biocompatibility, and solvent-free synthesis indicate strong potential for large-scale applications, especially for low-pressure implementations such as landfills. Further detailed studies on kinetics, thermodynamics, and sorbent regeneration are needed. Spent sorbents can potentially be repurposed for subsequent use in other applications, e.g., water treatment, construction materials, thereby minimizing waste production and supporting circular economy principles. Physisorption ; Sorbent ; Sorption ; Calcination ; Adsorption ; Bar (unit) ; Carbon fibers ; Carbonate Clay minerals and soil interactions ; Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies ; CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions
Authors: Mokete Motente | Uche A. K. Chude-Okonkwo
Source: Molecules (article, 2026-02-06)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Synthesis, Characterization, Molecular Docking, and Preliminary Biological Evaluation of 2-((4-Morpholino-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-yl)oxy)benzaldehyde This study details the synthesis, characterization, molecular docking and preliminary biological evaluation of a new heterocyclic compound, 2-((4-morpholino-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-yl)oxy)benzaldehyde. This molecule was designed using an artificial intelligence (AI)-based molecular generative model. It was synthesized through a nucleophilic substitution between 3-chloro-4-morpholino-1,2,5-thiadiazole and 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. Structural elucidation was performed using <sup>1</sup>H NMR, <sup>13</sup>C NMR, Elemental Analysis, and Single Crystal X-ray diffraction. AI-guided in silico predictions suggested promising pharmacophoric features and potential biological activity. Preliminary biological evaluation, primarily through anticancer assays, demonstrated moderate to significant activity, supporting further investigation. The findings therefore suggest that this AI-generated molecule could serve as a lead scaffold for developing drugs targeting cancer and other infectious diseases. In silico ; Molecule ; Biological activity ; Molecular model ; Docking (animal) ; Nucleophilic substitution Synthesis and biological activity ; Fungal Plant Pathogen Control ; Synthesis of Tetrazole Derivatives
Authors: Javier Gil Ares | Eugenio Velasco-Ortega | José Luis Rondón-Romero | Jesus Moreno-Muñoz | Enrique Núñez-Márquez | Andreu Puigdollers | MARTA PEGUEROLES
Source: Materials (article, 2026-01-12)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Advances in New Alloys, Polymers and Composites for Biomedical Applications The continuous evolution of biomedical technologies has been inextricably linked to advances in materials science [...]. Polymer ; Composite number ; Biocompatible material ; Science, technology and society ; Advanced composite materials Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Cellular and Composite Structures ; Metallurgical and Alloy Processes
Authors: Gülçin Deniz | Nezih Kamil Salihoğlu | Aşkın Birgül
Source: Processes (article, 2026-01-29)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Controlling Surface Roughness in Industrial Zinc Phosphating: From Bath Chemistry to Carbon Footprint Surface roughness is a quality-critical attribute in industrial zinc phosphating, directly affecting sealing performance, coating uniformity, dimensional tolerances, and first-pass production yield in automotive pretreatment lines. While the chemical mechanisms of phosphate coating formation are well understood, the translation of this knowledge into statistically defensible, production-scale prioritization of bath chemistry control levers under real manufacturing constraints remains limited, particularly with respect to surface roughness stability and its environmental implications. This study investigates surface roughness control in a fully operational industrial zinc phosphating line by systematically evaluating the effects of pickling acid chemistry (H2SO4 versus H3PO4), dissolved ferrous iron (Fe2+) levels in pickling and phosphating baths, and nitrate accelerator dosage. A Taguchi L16 (24) experimental design was implemented under real manufacturing constraints. Surface roughness (Rz) was measured in accordance with ISO 4287 and analyzed using a general linear model supported by partial effect size estimation (ηp2) and bootstrap confidence intervals. This approach enables statistically robust ranking of dominant and secondary control parameters, rather than qualitative trend confirmation alone. The robustness of statistically identified trends was independently verified using paired measurements from 25 production components, while scanning electron microscopy provided qualitative mechanistic support. The results demonstrate that pickling acid chemistry and nitrate accelerator dosage are the dominant control parameters governing surface roughness stability, whereas Fe2+ concentration does not act as a primary independent driver within the defined Fe2+ concentration ranges investigated in this study, but contributes through interaction-dependent mechanisms. Phosphoric acid pickling combined with nitrate acceleration consistently yields lower and more stable roughness values. In addition, roughness-related nonconformities were translated into product carbon footprint outcomes using an ISO 14067–aligned, gate-to-gate framework with Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis, explicitly quantifying the carbon footprint penalties associated with quality-driven rework and external return logistics under industrial production conditions. Pickling ; Surface roughness ; Coating ; Surface finish ; Phosphoric acid ; Zinc ; Nitrate Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition ; Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications ; Industrial Gas Emission Control
Authors: J. Schiellerup Petersen | Katrine Eskildsen | Peter Fojan
Source: Journal of Self-Assembly and Molecular Electronics (SAME) (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Self-Assembled Peptide Binding to Gold Nanoparticles Self-assembled peptides have been a research focus for the last 50 years. At the same time, metallic nanoparticles have become a subject of interest, especially in the areas of photonics and surface plasmon enhancement. The properties of these two systems, combined with fluorescence, yield a very sensitive bio-assay. To achieve the biosensor, a De Novo peptide has been designed. This novel α-helix design contains a recognition motif for a TEV-protease as a model sensor. The prediction of the peptide structure is based on AI-based methods. AlphaFold [1] and PEP-FOLD [2] implementations of the AI algorithms have been used for the analysis. Experimental verification of the peptide properties have been achieved by solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) and followed by biophysical methods such as circular dichroism (CD) to verify the secondary structure, atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate the self-assembling properties of the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR) for real-time binding and release studies. The experimental data are supplemented with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The self-assembly behaviour seen in the MD simulation agrees well with the images obtained by AFM. Simulation of peptide denaturation yields a denaturation temperature above 57∘C. Surface plasmon resonance ; Peptide ; Colloidal gold ; Circular dichroism ; Nanoparticle ; Denaturation (fissile materials) ; Plasmon ; Protein secondary structure ; Atomic force microscopy Diatoms and Algae Research ; Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials ; Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications
Authors: De Yu | Xi Zhang | Tao Wang | Yuheng Li | Ruiqin He | Zeyang Xu | Jixin Tang | Yixuan Zhang | Huang Huang | Tongpeng Zhao | Haoliang Liu | Ao Liu | Kai Shen | Sai Bai | Huihui Zhu | Y. S. Chen | Qinghai Song
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2026-03-30)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Spin-selective heterogeneous chiral perovskites for circular-polarization-resolved retinomorphic sensors As a type of promising hardware for next-generation artificial visual systems with extended perceptual and anti-interference capabilities, circular-polarization-resolved retinomorphic sensors are underexplored due to the lack of suitable chiral materials that enable highly dissymmetric circular-polarization responses and multiple biomimetic functions. Here, we demonstrate a self-assembly heterogeneous microstructure consisting of chiral-deficient grains and chiral-rich grain boundaries in chiral perovskites that simultaneously facilitate spin selectivity and optoelectronic properties for highly dissymmetric and multifunctional circular-polarization-resolved retinomorphic sensors. Our sensors not only exhibit a photocurrent dissymmetry factor as high as 1.98 and a panchromatic circular-polarization-resolved response, but also possess multiple biomimetic functions that simulate human retinas, including synaptic behaviors, light adaptation, and color recognition. As a proof-of-concept, we respectively demonstrate their applications using a sensor array that resolves a single circular-polarization handedness for information encryption, as well as binocular sensor arrays that resolve the opposite circular-polarization handedness for virtual stereoscopic reconstruction. Photocurrent ; Perovskite (structure) ; Grain boundary ; Stereoscopy ; Microstructure ; Panchromatic film Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Multiferroics and related materials ; Advanced Condensed Matter Physics
Authors: Saeed Hoseinzadeh | mohammad reza Loghman estarki | A. Ghasemi | Saeed Zahabi | Gholamreza Gordani | E. Mohammad Sharifi
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2026-03-28)
Field: Materials Science — Ceramics and Composites

Concurrent optimization of fracture toughness, thermal conductivity, and tribological behavior in Cf/Si3N4 composites via phase driven selection Carbon fiber-reinforced silicon nitride (C<sub>f</sub>/Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) composites were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) using α-, β-, and γ-Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> powders to clarify the influence of the initial Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> phase on microstructural evolution and functional properties. The results show that the starting phase significantly affects densification behavior, phase transformation, and mechanical and tribological performance. The composite derived from α-Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> achieved the highest relative density (96.53%) and exhibited an optimal balance of fracture toughness (10.87 MPa m<sup>0.5</sup>), thermal conductivity (66 W/m K), and stable friction behavior (COF ≈ 0.46). This performance is attributed to the in-situ formation of a self-reinforced β-Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> microstructure during the α → β phase transformation, which promotes crack deflection, crack bridging, and effective load transfer in synergy with carbon fibers. In contrast, β- and γ-Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-based composites showed lower densification or excessive hardness associated with increased porosity and secondary phase formation. These findings demonstrate that controlling the initial Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> phase provides an effective microstructural design strategy for developing high-performance C<sub>f</sub>/Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> composites for thermostructural applications such as aerospace brake discs. Spark plasma sintering ; Microstructure ; Fracture toughness ; Phase (matter) ; Tribology ; Thermal conductivity ; Composite number ; Boron nitride Advanced ceramic materials synthesis ; Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties ; Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
Authors: Yu‐Chieh Huang | Shin‐En Chen | Chuan‐Fang Tsao | Yen‐Huei Lin | M Kamiński | Natalia Majewska | Grzegorz Leniec | Ewa Mijowska | Han‐Ching Wang | Ding‐Hwa Cherng | Ting‐Wei Yeh | Sebastian Mahlik | R. S. LIU
Source: Advanced Optical Materials (article, 2026-01-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Tunable Near‐Infrared Emission via Crystal Field Engineering in Blue‐Excitable In <sup>3+</sup> ‐Substituted MgGa <sub>2</sub> O <sub>4</sub> :Cr <sup>3+</sup> ,Ni <sup>2+</sup> Phosphors ABSTRACT Engineering the local crystal field through cation substitution is a widely adopted strategy to modulate the emission wavelength of transition‐metal‐doped inorganic phosphors in the near‐infrared (NIR) region. While redshifting emission is desirable for extending applications into long NIR wavelengths, excessive shifts often lead to increased nonradiative losses due to large Stokes shifts, posing a trade‐off between spectral tunability and luminescence efficiency. Herein, we present two series of In 3+ ‐substituted phosphors, MgGa 1.94 − x In x O 4 :0.06Cr 3+ and Mg 0.98 Ga 1.94 − x In x O 4 :0.06Cr 3+ ,0.02Ni 2+ , with 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.9. The incorporation of large In 3+ results in lattice expansion and enhanced local disorder, considerably affecting the crystal field environment of Cr 3+ and Ni 2+ . In the first part of the study, the effect of cation substitution on the complex luminescence behavior of Cr 3+ in these partially inverse spinel phosphors is systematically investigated. Subsequently, the role of In 3+ in tuning the Cr 3+ /Ni 2+ ‐codoped MgGa 2 − x In x O 4 system, wherein Ni 2+ emission is successfully redshifted from 1269 to 1429 nm, is explored. The findings of this work underscore the dual role of In 3+ as both a structural modulator and an emission‐tuning agent, offering a promising strategy for the rational design of broadband, wavelength‐adjustable NIR phosphors. Phosphor ; Luminescence ; Spinel ; Crystal structure ; Emission spectrum ; Crystal (programming language) ; Persistent luminescence ; Ion ; Field (mathematics) Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials ; Microwave Dielectric Ceramics Synthesis ; Solid State Laser Technologies
Authors: Gabriela Wielgus | Wojciech Kajzer | Jan Juszczyk | Aleksandra Kopica | A. Ziębowicz | Anita Kajzer
Source: Materials (article, 2026-02-26)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

The Effect of Heat Treatment and Soaking in PBS Solution on the Strength Properties of PEEK Intended for Use in Orthopedics PEEK (polyetheretherketone) is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer which, thanks to its excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and high biocompatibility, is widely used in medicine, especially in biomedical engineering. The dynamic development of additive technologies, especially FFF (Fused Filament Fabrication), has enabled the production of personalized medical implants from PEEK, such as skull implants, dental implant components, and orthopedic implants like spine, knee and hip implants. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the polymer as an alternative material for orthopedic applications and to analyze the effect of annealing and soaking in PBS solution on its strength properties. Heat treatment improves the strength properties of the material. On the other hand, prolonged soaking in PBS solution, which simulates physiological conditions, can lead to changes in the interlayer bonds of the filament layers, which in turn affects the strength properties of the material. Peek ; Polymer ; Thermoplastic ; Orthopedic surgery ; Annealing (glass) ; Thermoplastic polymer biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties ; Polymer crystallization and properties ; Tribology and Wear Analysis