jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Anupma Thakur | Jongyoun Kim | Brian C. Wyatt | Yury Gogotsi | Babak Anasori
Source: ChemRxiv (article, 2026-02-03)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Composition-Structure-Property Relationships in MXenes The rapid growth of the 2D MXenes family is driven by the designer chemistry control of their composition and structures, including the transition metal and surface functional groups, non-metal X sublattice, and atomic-layer configurations. This compositional diversity controls the chemical ordering, atomic-level defects, and surface chemistry, ultimately shaping MXenes properties. In this review, we discuss how variations in compositional diversity and atomic arrangement give rise to material properties that enable new applications and breakthroughs in technology. We review design strategies, including atomic vacancy control, intercalation engineering, and surface functionalization, that fine-tune the composition-property relationships in MXenes. In addition, we present emerging areas of MXenes research, including advances in biomedicine, optoelectronics, environmental/catalysis, communication, quantum technology, space exploration, and thermal management. This comprehensive review is focused on the application-driven chemical design of MXenes, which is essential for meeting the growing interest within the materials and nanotechnology communities. MXenes ; Intercalation (chemistry) ; Vacancy defect ; Chemical space MXene and MAX Phase Materials ; 2D Materials and Applications ; Electromagnetic wave absorption materials
Authors: Wei Han | Yifan Wang | Lei Wang | Peng Xie | Tianqi Liu | Qinglian Wu | Chunshuang Zhou | Xiaomeng Guo | Lina Luo | Tianmei Sun | Kuifeng Hao | Congyu Zhang
Source: Sustainable Carbon Materials (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

A comprehensive review of biomass torrefaction as a versatile platform for the synthesis of functional carbon materials Biomass torrefaction, a mild pyrolysis process at 200–300 °C under an inert atmosphere, has emerged as a pivotal pretreatment technology for solid biowaste conversion and functional carbon materials production. This process fundamentally transforms raw biomass through deoxygenation and aromatization, with improved material properties. The chemical composition and structural heterogeneity of the biomass feedstock significantly influences the deoxygenation and aromatization pathways during torrefaction, thereby tuning the pore structure, surface chemistry, and electrochemical performance of the resulting carbon materials. This engineered intermediate is highly amenable to subsequent activation and functionalization, enabling the synthesis of high-value carbon materials. Torrefaction-derived porous biochar exhibits exceptional performance as electrodes in supercapacitors, delivering high specific capacitance and cycling stability due to its hierarchical pore structure and tunable surface chemistry. Furthermore, these materials serve as highly efficient adsorbents for pollutants and, when doped with heteroatoms or metals, as potent catalysts for degrading organic contaminants via advanced oxidation processes. In the biomedical field, controlled carbonization yields biocompatible carbon quantum dots for bio-imaging and drug delivery. The current research frontier is shifting toward multifunctional composites, such as magnetically separable catalysts and 3D-printable conductive inks. By providing a versatile and sustainable platform for precursor engineering, biomass torrefaction effectively bridges the gap between abundant renewable resources and the pressing demand for high-performance, sustainable materials across energy, environmental, and biomedical sectors. This review comprehensively summarizes the current research progress and forecasts the future trend to contribute a potential solution with great practical significance. Deoxygenation ; Biochar ; Biomass (ecology) ; Carbon fibers ; Raw material ; Torrefaction ; Pyrolysis ; Heteroatom Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication ; Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes ; Catalysis for Biomass Conversion
Authors: Mohammed Faraj Saeid | Bashir Abubakar Abdulkadir | Herma Dina Setiabudi
Source: BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING AND CATALYSIS (article, 2026-02-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Biomass-Derived Functional Silica Materials for Hydrogen Storage: A Short Review Hydrogen storage remains one of the foremost challenges in the transition to a clean energy economy. While extensive research has focused on metal hydrides, carbon materials, and complex sorbents, biomass-derived silica materials with high purity (90 wt.%), large surface areas (297-895 m2.g-1), and mesopores (3-60 nm) show strong potential for hydrogen storage but remain largely unexplored. This review highlights the synthesis, structural properties, and hydrogen storage potential of biomass-derived functional silica materials, with a particular focus on rice husk (RH) and bamboo as a sustainable and abundant precursor. Two principal silicon extraction strategies, combustion and alkali treatment, are discussed, emphasizing their influence on silica purity, morphology, and amorphous structure retention. Thermochemical processes, including acid leaching and controlled calcination, are shown to be essential for removing impurities and tailoring textural properties such as surface area, pore volume, and pore architecture. RH-derived silica supports exhibit outstanding effectiveness in dispersing transition metals like Ni and Fe, which in turn significantly improve hydrogen sorption kinetics, catalytic efficiency, and the long-term stability of the material. Additionally, the review explores how various synthesis pathways are expected to influence the performance of resulting materials in hydrogen storage systems, noting how structural collapse during reprecipitation or thermal treatment can negate surface advantages if not properly managed. The combined advantages of sustainability, tunable structural properties, and seamless compatibility with existing hydrogen storage strategies position biomass-derived silica as a highly promising next-generation platform for advanced hydrogen storage applications. Copyright © 2026 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). Hydrogen storage ; Hydrogen ; Mesoporous material ; Mesoporous silica ; Catalysis ; Hydrogen fuel ; Silicon ; Carbon fibers ; Leaching (pedology) Hydrogen Storage and Materials ; Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems ; Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes
Authors: Mary Nancy Flora R | Johnson I | Harini S | Sakthipriya R | Devimari B | Girija M | Pavithra S
Source: International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology (article, 2026-04-09)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Spirulina-derived carbon quantum dots for photocatalytic remediation of dairy wastewater: advances, mechanisms, and optoelectronic prospects Dairy wastewater, characterized by high organic load, nutrients, and complex biomolecules such as proteins, lactose, and lipids, poses significant environmental challenges due to its recalcitrance to conventional biological treatment. Advanced oxidation processes particularly photocatalysis offer a promising route for effective remediation, yet their practical deployment hinges on the development of efficient, visible-light-responsive, and eco-friendly photocatalysts. In this context, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) derived from Spirulina platensis, a nitrogen-rich cyanobacterium, have emerged as a sustainable nanomaterial with intrinsic heteroatom doping, tunable optoelectronic properties, and excellent photocatalytic activity under solar irradiation. This review critically examines recent advances in the synthesis, functionalization, and application of Spirulina-derived CQDs for the photocatalytic treatment of dairy wastewater. We elucidate structure– property–performance relationships, degradation mechanisms of key dairy pollutants, and the role of reactive oxygen species in mineralization pathways. Special attention is given to hybrid systems such as CQD-based heterojunctions and photoelectrocatalytic configurations that enhance charge separation and process efficiency. Furthermore, we evaluate the scalability, economic viability, and environmental footprint of these bio-derived nanocatalysts through techno-economic and life-cycle perspectives. By bridging materials innovation with real-world wastewater complexity, this review identifies critical knowledge gaps and proposes a multidisciplinary roadmap toward pilot-scale implementation. Ultimately, Spirulina-derived CQDs exemplify a circular bioeconomy approach, transforming algal biomass into high-value photocatalysts for sustainable water purification aligning environmental remediation with renewable resource utilization. Highlighting their optoelectronic properties and potential for smart sensing-integrated remediation systems, this work aims to inspire next-generation research at the intersection of green nanotechnology, electrochemical engineering, and industrial wastewater management Photocatalysis ; Quantum dot ; Heterojunction ; Environmental remediation ; Nanomaterials ; Carbon quantum dots Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications ; Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques ; Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis
Authors: Anton Y. Kliuchynskyi | Aritri Biswas | Andrey Shalit | Alexei A. Kananenka | Bogdan Dereka
Source: ChemRxiv (article, 2026-03-30)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Strong Proper C-H Hydrogen Bonds: Experimental Evidence across Spectral Ranges C-H bonds are known as weak hydrogen bond (H-bond) donors, and the H-bonds they typically form are improper: C-H bond shortens, frequency of its vibrational transition blueshifts and intensity decreases. All these characteristics are opposite to familiar-proper-H-bonds. Here we demonstrate that an sp-hybridized terminal alkyne (≡C-H) is a potent proper hydrogen bond donor. Tuning across >50 solvation environments we demonstrate the propensity of this moiety to form H-bonds with heteroatoms in polar solvents, aromatic -systems and, most surprisingly, even with single -bonds in non-polar molecules. We directly observe the H-bond formation and comprehensively characterize it using the combination of infrared (IR) absorption, 1 H and 13 C NMR and broadband time-domain terahertz spectroscopies. Experimental results are interpreted using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Both electric field effects and non-electrostatic short-range interactions determine the frequency of the hydrogen-bonded ≡C-H stretch. Based on purely experimental observables, we propose a method to disentangle and quantify these contributions. We also show that a non-hydrogen bonded ≡C-H is a powerful sensor of dispersion interactions read out from its IR shift even in the presence of much stronger competing interactions. Overall, the alkynyl ≡C-H mimics an O-H group rather than resembling a typical aliphatic C-H. Its distinct local character and spectral isolation from other C-H stretches, high electric field sensitivity, strong propensity toward H-bond interactions, compactness and ease of incorporation into molecular scaffolds make this overlooked vibrational marker a strong contender for sensing. Hydrogen bond ; Solvation ; Infrared ; Electric field ; Terahertz radiation ; Ab initio ; Moiety ; Heteroatom ; Dispersion (optics) Crystallography and molecular interactions ; Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies ; Synthesis and Properties of Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Sadia Sharif | Zahoor Ahmad | Muhammad Aziz Choudhary | Muhammad Atif Irshad | Faria Nisar | Sami A. Al-Hussain | Ali Irfan | Magdi E. A. Zaki
Source: Journal of Saudi Chemical Society (article, 2026-03-23)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Hybridized Ag@Zn/Ni nanocables: synergistic enhancements in optical, catalytic, and electrochemical behaviour In the present study, novel metal–metal core–shell and mixed oxide nanocomposites were developed, consisting of zinc-coated silver nanowires (Ag@Zn) and zinc/nickel mixed oxide-coated silver nanocables (Ag@Ni/Zn). These nanostructures were successfully synthesized with 60–80 nm, an average diameter, by using the polyol method. Based on the nickel and zinc content, these nanomaterials are designated as Z1, Z3, ZNM1 and ZNM3 nanocables, and pure silver nanowires are represented as Z. The nanowires and nanocables obtained were characterized by a variety of techniques. The morphology of NWs and nanocables was examined using SEM (scanning electron microscopy), while TEM (transmission electron microscopy) provided a detailed analysis of the nanocomposite’s morphology. The face-centered cubic structure of all the prepared nanomaterials was verified by XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) patterns. The structural properties, including crystallite size and lattice constant of the materials, were calculated by the Debye–Scherrer equation. UV–visible spectroscopy, provides insights into the material’s interaction with light. The fluorescence characteristics of these nanomaterials were examined using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, allowing for a detailed analysis of emission behaviour under specific conditions. AgNWs, Ag@Zn, and Ag@Zn/Ni mixed oxide nanocables both assisted the reduction of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol by NaBH4 (sodium borohydride). The clear redox peaks in cyclic voltammetry (CV) pointed out the pseudocapacitive nature of these nanomaterials and conductive properties were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Nanomaterials ; Crystallite ; Nanowire ; Cyclic voltammetry ; Nanocomposite ; Dielectric spectroscopy ; Nanoparticle ; Electrochemistry ; Nanostructure Nanomaterials for catalytic reactions ; Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication ; Conducting polymers and applications
Authors: Syam G. Krishnan | Hafiz Taimoor Ahmed Awan | Midhun Harilal | Javeesh Alex | D. Sajan | Mohd Khalid
Source: Battery energy (article, 2026-02-15)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Rethinking Supercapacitors: A Guideline Perspective of Do's and Don'ts ABSTRACT Supercapacitors have gained significant attention as promising candidates for next‐generation energy storage systems, bridging the performance gap between batteries and conventional capacitors. Despite the rapid growth of research in this field, persistent methodological inconsistencies and reporting inaccuracies continue to undermine its reproducibility and the ability to make meaningful comparisons. Common issues include miscalculations of capacitance, inappropriate electrode mass loading, and improper use of electrochemical parameters. Additionally, the overlap between battery‐like and pseudocapacitive behaviours in nanostructured electrode materials complicates their classification and performance evaluation processes. This Perspective critically analyzes the experimental and analytical practices that shape supercapacitor research and provides a structured framework for accurate measurement, data interpretation, and material categorisation. A systematic set of guidelines (Do's and Don'ts) is proposed to mitigate recurring errors in electrode characterisation and device fabrication. Focusing on aqueous asymmetric systems, this review outlines best practices for their design, evaluation, and reporting, proposing a coherent roadmap toward their standardised development and reliable commercialisation as efficient, high‐performance energy storage devices. Bridging (networking) ; Perspective (graphical) ; Guideline ; Best practice ; Set (abstract data type) ; Electrochemical energy storage Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication ; Advanced battery technologies research ; Nanoporous metals and alloys
Authors: Rashmi Verma | Arti Kala | Rabia Basri Aziz | Richa Saxena | Naveen Gaurav | B. S. Rawat | Indra Rautela
Source: World Academy of Sciences Journal (article, 2026-02-16)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Metal nanoparticles: Biosynthesis to applications (Review) Biosynthesis ; Metal ; Enzyme ; Yield (engineering) Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Laser-Ablation Synthesis of Nanoparticles ; Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications
Authors: B. Zhang | Ming Zhang | Siqi Huang | W. Wang | Yuguang Lv | F. H Liu | Xi Cao | Kuilin Lv
Source: Inorganics (article, 2026-03-27)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Review of the Applications of Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in Multi-Field Detection As a novel organic–inorganic hybrid porous crystalline material, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are ideal sensitive materials for detecting gases, antibiotics, and ions, owing to their ultra-high specific surface area, tunable pore structures, abundant active sites, and tailorable architectures. This review systematically summarizes the core structural features, preparation methods, and modification strategies of MOFs, elaborates on the adsorption and signal conversion mechanisms in target detection, and highlights typical applications, performance advantages, and practical scenarios of MOF-based sensors, clarifying their structure–activity relationships and performance differences from traditional semiconductor sensors. It further analyzes key challenges, including insufficient stability, poor conductivity, large-scale preparation difficulties, and real-sample interference, as well as industrialization bottlenecks such as batch-to-batch reproducibility, instrument integration, and high costs. Additionally, it supplements cross-field synergistic innovations and industrialization progress, and prospects future directions: function-oriented precise design, multifunctional composite optimization, portable intelligent devices, green large-scale synthesis, and standardization promotion. This review provides a comprehensive reference for advancing MOF-based detection research and applications in environmental monitoring, industrial safety, food safety, and healthcare. Standardization ; Key (lock) ; Industrialisation ; Sustainability ; Ideal (ethics) Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
Authors: Israt Zahan | Md. Sultanur Rahman | Jubaer Akon Pranto
Source: Scientia. Technology, science and society. (article, 2026-02-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Directional Thermal Transport in Inorganic Materials: Measurement Methods and Applications – A Case Study Directional thermal transport, also referred to as anisotropic thermal conduction, is a key physical property governing performance and reliability in modern inorganic material systems. Unlike isotropic solids where heat spreads uniformly, many inorganic crystals, layered compounds, textured ceramics, and thin-film heterostructures exhibit strongly direction-dependent heat conduction due to anisotropic bonding, crystal symmetry, phonon dispersion, and interface-limited transport. Understanding and quantifying such directional heat flow is essential for advanced thermal management, high-power electronics, thermoelectric energy conversion, phase-change memory, and next-generation battery safety. This paper provides a comprehensive review of directional thermal transport mechanisms in inorganic materials and systematically evaluates widely used measurement techniques including time-domain and frequency-domain thermoreflectance, beam-offset thermoreflectance, 3ω methods, Raman thermometry, scanning thermal microscopy, transient plane source methods, and laser-flash analysis. A critical emphasis is placed on measurement reliability, model interpretation, and sources of uncertainty that commonly lead to inconsistency across reported results. Furthermore, this work includes a focused case study demonstrating how directional thermal transport can be resolved experimentally and interpreted through structure–transport correlations in an anisotropic inorganic material system, illustrating an application-driven approach for bridging fundamental thermal physics with device-level functionality. The review concludes by identifying key knowledge gaps and future research directions, particularly in standardization of anisotropic thermal measurements, anisotropy engineering via defect and interface design, and integration of directional heat transport materials into scalable device architectures. Anisotropy ; Thermal conduction ; Thermal conductivity ; Thermal ; Isotropy ; Thermoelectric effect ; Thermoelectric materials ; Phonon ; Thermal barrier coating Thermal properties of materials ; Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques ; Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices
Authors: Jufang Hu | Shengzhang Xu | Yan Meng
Source: Nanomaterials (article, 2026-03-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Polyoxometalates (POMs) Memristors/Neuromorphic Devices: From Structure Engineering to Material and Function Integration The advancement of artificial intelligence and information technologies has presented higher demands on neuromorphic computing information devices, entailing the emergence of next-generation devices. Polyoxometalates (POMs) are emerging as promising molecular nanomaterials for next-generation neuromorphic computing, providing distinct advantages over conventional metal oxides. In contrast to bulk oxides that suffer from stochastic filament formation and device-to-device variability, POMs possess atomically precise structures with discrete, multi-electron redox states that enable highly reproducible and deterministic resistive switching. Their molecular nature allows for stable, multi-level data representation through stepwise reduction in metal centers (e.g., V, W, Mo) and the emulation of essential synaptic plasticity functions. Furthermore, the exceptional structural and chemical tunability of POMs favors covalent or supramolecular functionalization, enabling precise engineering of the POM-electrode interface and controlled self-assembly on surfaces. This molecular precision not only addresses the scalability challenges of traditional memristors but also unlocks unique functionalities, such as multimodal switching coupled with visible chromic response for state visualization. Taking the advantages of intermolecular crosstalk and countercation dynamics, POM-based networks offer a pathway toward constructing three-dimensional neuronal architectures, effectively connecting molecular redox chemistry to advanced high-density neuromorphic computing paradigms. Neuromorphic engineering ; Nanomaterials ; Emulation ; Scalability ; Supramolecular chemistry ; Memristor ; Resistive random-access memory ; Nanoscopic scale Polyoxometalates: Synthesis and Applications ; Advanced Memory and Neural Computing ; Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis