jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Lei Peng | Yihua Qian | Yaohong Zhao | Qing Wang | Yulin Zhao | Qiang Fu
Source: Frontiers in Physics (article, 2026-03-05)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

A resonant photoacoustic spectroscopy sensor for ppb-level detection of acetylene employing a 1.53 μm laser diode A compact and highly sensitive photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) sensor for dissolved acetylene (C 2 H 2 ) detection was developed for transformer fault diagnosis applications. A 1.53 μm distributed-feedback (DFB) diode laser targeting the ν 1 + ν 3 absorption line of acetylene at ∼1530.37 nm was employed, benefiting from strong line intensity and high transparency of transformer oil in the near-infrared region. Wavelength modulation spectroscopy combined with second-harmonic ( 2f ) demodulation was implemented, and the modulation depth was optimized to 120 mVpp to achieve the maximum normalized 2f signal. A high-Q resonant photoacoustic cell was designed to enhance the acoustic response and improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Experimental results demonstrated excellent linearity ( R 2 = 0.999) over the concentration range of 200–1,000 ppm. For a standard 100 ppm C 2 H 2 /N 2 mixture, a peak 2f signal amplitude of 5.4 × 10 −5 V was obtained, with a noise level of 4.05 × 10 −7 V (1σ). Allan deviation analysis further confirmed the outstanding long-term stability of the system, achieving a detection sensitivity of 0.75 ppm at 1 s and a minimum detection limit of 50 ppb at an integration time of 3,200 s. These results indicate that the proposed PAS sensor enables accurate, real-time, and trace-level acetylene detection, demonstrating strong potential for dissolved gas analysis in transformer oil and early warning of incipient arcing faults. Photoacoustic spectroscopy ; Detection limit ; Demodulation ; Acetylene ; Spectroscopy ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Wavelength ; Laser ; Frequency modulation ; Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma ; Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors
Authors: J. Ishwarya | D. Sangeetha
Source: Asian Journal of Chemistry (article, 2026-01-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Effect of Green Silver Nanoparticle Synthesised by W. coagulans on Carbapenamse Resistant Gene Down Regulation Antibacterial Efficacy The present study investigates the phytochemical profile, phylogenetic relationships and antibacterial activity of Withania coagulans, along with the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and their effects on cytotoxicity and the downregulation of pathogenicity-related genes. Phytochemicals were extracted using Soxhlet extraction and AgNPs were synthesized via a one-step green synthesis approach. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Visible, FTIR and TEM techniques. The antibacterial efficacy of AgNPs against imipenem-resistant pathogens was evaluated, followed by cytotoxicity assessment. The results revealed that methanolic and chloroform extracts were rich in bioactive phytochemicals, which likely contributed to the enhanced antibacterial activity and biocompatibility of the synthesized AgNPs. These extracts also showed notable antibacterial activity at 100 µg/mL, producing inhibition zones of 13-22 mm especially against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. UV-Visible spectrophotometry confirmed characteristic peak at 210-230 nm attributed by phytochemical reducing agents. Size of AgNP were 20 to 95 nm and spherical in nature. The biosynthesised AgNPs demonstrated strong antibacterial effects, with inhibition zones of 17-21 mm across all tested clinical isolates. The qPCR analysis further showed substantial down-regulation (70-95%) of resistance associated genes, with fold-change values ranging from 0.045 to 0.51, indicating potent transcriptional suppression. Cytotoxicity assessment on A549 cells showed mild toxicity, maintaining high viability (91.8-95%) up to 100 µg/mL with preserved cell morphology confirming the biocompatibility of the nanoparticles. The findings establish W. coagulans as a genetically authenticated and phytochemically rich source for biosynthesised AgNPs with significant antibacterial and gene inhibitory activities and limited cytotoxicity, supporting its potential for biomedical applications. Antibacterial activity ; Silver nanoparticle ; Cytotoxicity ; Biocompatibility ; Phytochemical ; MTT assay ; Viability assay ; Antimicrobial Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants ; Coagulation and Flocculation Studies
Authors: Kuria Ndungu | Caroline Mengeot | Louise Valestrand | Kai Sørensen | Andrew L. King
Source: Frontiers in Marine Science (article, 2026-03-11)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Silver nitrate preserves seawater carbonate chemistry for short-term storage Seawater samples for total dissolved inorganic carbon ( C T ) and total alkalinity ( A T ) measurements of the seawater carbonate system are typically preserved with mercuric chloride (HgCl 2 ), but mercury use is globally regulated under the Minamata Convention. We tested silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ; 25 and 50 μM) as an alternative preservative for oligotrophic seawater. No significant differences ( p &amp;gt; 0.05) in C T were observed between HgCl 2 -treated samples (2,177 ± 2 μmol kg −1 ) and either 25 μM (2,178 ± 2 μmol kg −1 ) or 50 μM (2,177 ± 1 μmol kg −1 ) AgNO 3 treatments after a 2-day storage. Untreated samples showed a significant C T increase over the same period. After 21 days, both AgNO 3 treatments showed significantly elevated C T compared to HgCl 2 . A T remained stable across all treatments for 3 months. This initial investigation demonstrates that AgNO 3 is suitable for short-term (≤2 days) preservation, enabling shipboard carbonate chemistry analysis with simplified disposal compared to mercury-contaminated samples. Further studies with diverse marine waters are needed to establish broader applicability. Alkalinity ; Seawater ; Nitrate ; Carbonate ; Mercury (programming language) ; Silver nitrate Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition ; Marine and coastal ecosystems ; Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
Authors: Ahmad  Al Saabi | Heni Dallagi | Piyush Kumar Jha | Fethi Aloui | Thierry Bénézech | Christine Faille
Source: Frontiers in Soft Matter (article, 2026-03-04)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Foam cleaning in closed circuits: effect of surfactant type on foam structure and Bacillus subtilis spore removal from stainless steel surfaces Foam cleaning represents an environmentally and economically attractive alternative to conventional cleaning-in-place (CIP) processes for removing microbial contamination in food and bioprocessing industries. This study systematically compared three surfactants, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Ammonyx® LO, and Capstone® FS-30, to understand how surfactant type influences foam structure and cleaning performance. Stainless steel coupons contaminated with Bacillus subtilis 98/7 spores were cleaned under identical flow conditions using foam generated at a nominal air fraction of 0.5 and a mean velocity of 1.8 cm s -1 . SDS achieved the highest spore removal (1.9 log 10 reduction after 20 min), with superior kinetic detachment (K 1 = 114.75 s -1 ; f = 98.2%), while Ammonyx® LO (0.83 log 10 ) and Capstone® FS-30 (0.55 log 10 ) performed significantly worse. These differences were attributed to foam structural properties: SDS produced fine, stable bubbles persisting for 24 h, while Ammonyx® LO and Capstone® FS-30 collapsed after 8 and 3 h, respectively. Image analysis revealed local air fractions of 0.88 (SDS), 0.79 (Ammonyx), and 0.96 (Capstone) in the test section, confirming dry foam behavior. Theoretical analysis using Bretherton’s model and microscopic observations showed that SDS’s low capillary number promotes strong Marangoni stabilization and thin lamellae, generating sustained wall shear stress fluctuations essential for spore detachment. This study demonstrates that foam cleaning efficiency is primarily determined by surfactant-controlled variations in bubble size, foam stability, and interfacial properties. SDS provides the optimal balance for achieving efficient and sustainable foam-based cleaning. Pulmonary surfactant ; Sodium dodecyl sulfate ; Bubble ; Endospore ; Bacillus subtilis ; Bioprocess ; Foam fractionation ; Capillary action Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization ; Fluid Dynamics and Mixing ; Granular flow and fluidized beds
Authors: Jianping Zhou | Zhaocai Pan | Yu Zhang | Heyu Wu | Guang Wu | Jianyi Liu
Source: Processes (article, 2026-04-09)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Determination of Solubilities of n-Alkanes (nC38, nC40, nC44, nC48 and nC50) in n-Heptane, n-Nonane and n-Dodecane Using the DSC Method Wax deposition occurs to varying degrees in most oil and gas wells. The basic data of existing wax precipitation prediction models are mainly single-component wax experimental data based on the melting process of wax crystals during heating, which is quite different from the cooling crystallization process of wax in oil and gas production. Moreover, the published solubility test data of binary n-alkanes are mainly concentrated in the range of nC10–nC36, leaving existing thermodynamic models without available data for predicting the behavior of high-carbon alkanes. Based on the idea of wax crystallization and precipitation during cooling, this study experimentally determined the solid–liquid equilibrium solubilities of high-carbon n-alkanes (nC38, nC40, nC44, nC48 and nC50) with different concentrations in n-heptane, n-nonane and n-dodecane, as well as the crystallization parameters of pure substances, by using a DSC instrument. This effectively fills the gap in the basic physical property data of long-chain alkanes (more than nC36) and the cooling process in existing studies. In addition, we measured the crystallization parameters of pure high-carbon n-alkanes (nC38, nC40, nC44, nC48 and nC50) during cooling, including crystallization temperature, transition temperature, crystallization enthalpy and transition enthalpy under cooling conditions. The experimental data are in good agreement with the solubility predicted by the ideal solution model for the cooling process, with an average absolute percentage error of less than 10% and average solubility deviation generally within 0.078 mol%. This indicates that the ideal solution model has good accuracy for predicting the precipitation of n-alkane wax and n-alkane solvents. This study provides basic data for the prediction theory of paraffin precipitation. Crystallization ; Solubility ; Wax ; Enthalpy ; Precipitation ; Absolute deviation ; Atmospheric temperature range ; Ideal solution Petroleum Processing and Analysis ; Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics ; Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques
Authors: A. D. Divate | J. A. Moses | S. Anandakumar | V. R. Sinija | Natarajan Venkatachalapathy
Source: Sustainable Food Technology (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Toward sustainability in coconut processing: current challenges, emerging concepts, and circular solutions Coconut is a highly valued crop and sustainable processing technologies and approaches can significantly contribute to the sector and its future. Sustainability ; Current (fluid) ; Emerging technologies ; Sustainable development ; Agriculture ; Crop production Coconut Research and Applications ; Date Palm Research Studies ; Cocoa and Sweet Potato Agronomy
Authors: IMBE, Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, Marseille, France | A Barreau | Vanalyse, 14 Boulevard du Travail, 13013 Marseille, France | E Mezzatesta | I Bombarda | N Dupuy | S Charvet | P Faury
Source: Advances in Nutrition & Food Science (article, 2026-02-03)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Determination of Water Content in Vanilla Pods and Powder Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy The quality of vanilla depends heavily on its water content, a key parameter that influences its stability, preservation, and sensory properties. Conventional moisture determination by loss-on-drying, while accurate, is slow and destructive. In this study, a rapid, non-destructive approach based on near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometric modeling was developed to predict the moisture content of vanilla samples. A total of 123 samples were analyzed by NIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (reference values). Principal component analysis revealed a strong correlation between spectral variance and water content in the 7400- 4000 cm⁻¹ region. A partial least squares (PLS) regression model was optimized and validated, showing optimal performance with four latent variables (R² = 0.99, RMSEC = 0.98). Prediction on an independent set of 20 samples yielded a Q² of 0.99 and an RMSEP of 0.82, confirming the robustness and generalization of the model. Repeatability tests further demonstrated high stability and low variability of the predicted values. The method demonstrates strong potential for routine industrial quality control. Expanding the calibration set could support broader applicability across vanilla varieties Partial least squares regression ; Principal component analysis ; Chemometrics ; Repeatability ; Water content ; Spectroscopy ; Calibration ; Robustness (evolution) ; Moisture Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Biochemical and biochemical processes ; Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
Authors: Andrea Caratti | Angelica Fina | F. Trapani | Simone Squara | Erica Liberto | Qingping Tao | Daniel Geschwender | Chase Heble | Stephen E. Reichenbach | Carlo Bicchi | Chiara Cordero
Source: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry (article, 2026-02-20)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Chromatogram-level fusion of FID and MS signals in GC × GC for quantitative volatilomics: workflow design and impact on pattern recognition Volatilomics is an emerging discipline aimed at characterizing volatile metabolites in diverse matrices. Recently, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) coupled with parallel flame ionization detection (FID) and mass spectrometry (MS) has gained attention for combining accurate quantification with unambiguous compound identification. Traditionally, FID and MS data are processed independently. This study addresses their integration by merging FID and MS chromatograms into a single fused chromatogram, enhancing pattern recognition during template matching and enabling large-scale quantitative volatilomics. Feature matching is guided by MS spectral similarity, minimizing mismatches and extracting FID responses for robust quantification. The contribution discusses the workflow designed to obtain combined detector signals and the challenges posed by dual parallel detection operated under both thermal and differential-flow modulation, dual-parallel second-dimension column configurations, and differences in acquisition frequency between detectors. From an application standpoint, chromatogram fusion directly responds to emerging analytical needs in volatilomics-supporting quantitative, high-throughput analysis across extended time frames through the FID channel, while ensuring the mandatory MS confirmation required for the reliable identification of fragrance allergens and regulated compounds. The resulting fused chromatogram consolidates complementary detector information within a single multidimensional chromatogram, improving data consistency, interpretability, and throughput. Overall, chromatogram-level fusion represents a key step toward integrated, multimodal analytical platforms for robust and scalable volatilomics workflows. Workflow ; Detector ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Flame ionization detector ; Sensor fusion ; Mass spectrometry ; Scalability ; Gas chromatography Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies ; Computational Drug Discovery Methods
Authors: Devanushi Dutta | Pranab Dutta
Source: Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems (article, 2026-04-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Efficiency of gluconate-stabilized silver nanocoating for shelf-life enhancement of Khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulata, Blanco) Khasi mandarin ( Citrus reticulata , Blanco) is a widely cultivated commercial fruit crop in Meghalaya, India. The present research aims to assess the potential for synthesizing and characterizing gluconate-stabilized silver nanoparticles (Glu-Ag NPs) to enhance the shelf-life of Khasi mandarin by inhibiting Penicillium italicum . Glu-Ag NPs showed the highest (58.23%) mycelial growth inhibition at 250 ppm. The lowest diseases severity index (DSI) of 13.9% was recorded in Khasi mandarins that were nanocoated for 120 s, followed by wax-coated mandarins (30.5%). The highest DSI (66.7%) was recorded in uncoated mandarins. On studying different biochemical parameters of the juice extracted from treated and untreated mandarins, the highest titratable acidity (0.061 g/100 g) was found in the juice extracted from uncoated mandarins. Similarly, the highest browning index (0.975) was recorded in the juice stored at ambient conditions (22 ± 2 °C) compared to the juice stored under refrigerated conditions (4 °C) (0.476). Nanocoated mandarins exhibited the lowest fruit weight loss at 3.008%. Thus, the antimicrobial activity of Glu-Ag NPs and their coating properties significantly enhance the shelf life of Khasi mandarin by reducing the DSI. Titratable acid ; Browning ; Shelf life ; Mandarin Chinese ; Food spoilage ; Crop Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management
Authors: Sharareh Rismani | Mansour Shariati | Didier Reinhardt | Seyed Morteza Javadi Rad
Source: Frontiers in Plant Science (article, 2026-03-18)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Carbon dots alleviate salinity stress and promote growth in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Taken together, these findings show that CDs can mitigate salt stress in tomato. Salinity ; Photosynthesis ; Salt (chemistry) ; Chlorophyll fluorescence ; Chlorophyll ; Crop yield ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Yield (engineering) ; Stomatal conductance ; Quantum yield Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications ; Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance ; Electrochemical sensors and biosensors
Authors: Zhiyi You | Chao Ai | Shiqi Wen | Yongmei Su | Junping Xu
Source: Frontiers in Nutrition (article, 2026-03-16)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Preparation and properties of chitosan/zein-perilla essential oil composite film: its structure, physicochemical characterization, and antioxidant properties This study used chitosan and zein as film-forming matrices and added perilla essential oil (PEsO) to prepare a new type of fresh-keeping film. The morphology, structure and properties of the composite film were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity and antioxidant tests. Compared with chitosan/zein film, films loaded with PEsO exhibited a significant increase in barrier capacity, thermal stability and antioxidant ability. SEM analysis showed that after the addition of PEsO, micropores and particles were formed on the film surface, which affected the mechanical properties of the film and decreased the tensile strength and elongation at break of the film. FTIR indicated that there are inter-molecular interactions between PEsO, chitosan, and zein. Thermo- gravimetric analysis showed that PEsO delayed the thermal decomposition of the film and improved its thermal stability. Overall, the addition of PEsO enabled to improve the optical properties, barrier properties, thermal stability and antioxidant properties of the chitosan/zein film, and the composite film could be a good candidate for food packaging material especially applied for high-fat and easily oxidized foods. Thermogravimetric analysis ; Thermal stability ; Composite number ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Scanning electron microscope ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Antioxidant ; Thermal decomposition Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Advanced Cellulose Research Studies ; biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
Authors: Inchan Oh | Won Hee Jeong | Jaeho Jung | Min Kyu Yang | Gun Hwan Kim
Source: Materials Horizons (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

A tellurium-free GeSbSe thin film for reliable selector-only memory operation Selector-only memory (SOM) devices are promising candidates for non-volatile memory units with high-density crossbar array architectures due to their simple two-terminal configuration, compatibility with two-terminal architectures, and the elimination of the need for separate selector-storage layers. These advantages reduce fabrication complexity, minimize cell footprint, and enable low-power operation. To date, most SOM devices have been based on tellurium (Te)-containing chalcogenide materials, in which Te atoms act as essential trigger elements, enabling field-driven switching due to their highly polarizable p-orbitals. However, the intrinsic properties of Te also introduce critical limitations, including poor thermal stability, high leakage current, and a narrow read window margin (RWM), which constrain device reliability and scalability. To overcome these challenges, a Te-free amorphous material, GeSbSe (GSS), has been developed to preserve desirable threshold switching behavior. The GSS-based SOM device exhibits a wide RWM (2 V), reliable operation at fast operation speeds (50 ns), and ultra-low write-pulse current (10 µA), indicating its potential for high-speed and low-power operation. Furthermore, a Te-containing counterpart, GeSbSeTe (GSST), was fabricated and systematically characterized to investigate the detrimental impact of Te incorporation on the electrical characteristics. By evaluating various electrical performance metrics, the electrical degradation of SOM devices induced by Te incorporation was systematically evaluated. A comparative analysis with the Te-free GSS counterpart highlights the adverse effects of Te on device stability and switching uniformity, offering insights into the design of more reliable SOM devices. Crossbar switch ; Fabrication ; Reliability (semiconductor) ; Chalcogenide ; Non-volatile memory ; Memory cell ; Leakage (economics) ; Thermal ; Amorphous solid Phase-change materials and chalcogenides ; Advanced Memory and Neural Computing ; Thin-Film Transistor Technologies