jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Віталій Павлович Кашицький | Оksana Sadova | Валентина Віталіївна Ткачук | Євген Юрійович Чернота | Назарій Андрійович Марчук
Source: Scientific periodicals of Ukraine (article, 2026-02-26)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Розробка біокомпозитів на основі глютинової матриці з комбінованим вмістом деревного борошна та подрібнених стебел зернових культур This study considers biocomposite materials based on a glutinous matrix and fillers of plant origin. Waste from the woodworking industry and the agricultural sector is a promising raw material for obtaining fillers for biocomposite materials, which are characterized by a high degree of environmental safety and renewable raw material base. The task addressed is to optimize the amount of technological additive (water) in the glutinous composition, which contributes to the formation of a dense structure of the biocomposite material with a compact arrangement of particles of the combined mixture of fillers. In the process of research, the effectiveness of using fillers of different granulometric composition against the effect of mechanical loads was determined. The complex effect of fillers of plant origin on the mechanical characteristics of biocomposite materials was studied, which made it possible to define the optimal composition of the biocomposite. An analysis of the effect of the amount of moisture in the composition on the formation of the structure and the resistance of the biocomposite material to the effect of static and dynamic loads was carried out. The maximum values of the ultimate compressive strength (115–120 MPa) were obtained for biocomposites containing a mixture of fillers of different granulometric composition (40–80% of cereal stalk particles, the remaining particles of wood flour) provided that 30% of moisture is removed from the composition. The maximum impact strength (13.8 kJ/m2) was established for biocomposites containing 100% of crushed cereal stalks provided that 10% of moisture is removed from the composition. The designed materials could be used to manufacture packaging elements that are disposed of after operation by recycling or through safe decomposition at landfills without harm to the environment Biocomposite ; Raw material ; Moisture ; Filler (materials) ; Stalk ; Compressive strength Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Environmental and Industrial Safety ; Mechanical Systems and Engineering
Authors: Orsolya Bystricky-Berezvai | Miroslava Kovářová | Daniel Kašík | Ondřej Rudolf | Robert Gál | Jana Pavlačková | Pavel Mokrejš
Source: Gels (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Towards Zero-Waste Valorization of African Catfish By-Products Through Integrated Biotechnological Processing and Life Cycle Assessment African catfish (<i>Clarias gariepinus</i>, AC) is one of the most widely farmed freshwater fish species in Central Europe. Processing operations generate up to 55% by-products (BPs), predominantly carcasses rich in proteins, lipids, and minerals. This study develops a comprehensive valorization process for ACBPs to recover gelatin, protein hydrolysate, fish oil, and pigments. The processing protocol consisted of sequential washing, oil extraction, demineralization, and biotechnological treatment to disrupt the collagen quaternary structure. A two-factor experimental design was employed to optimize the processing conditions. The factors included the extraction temperatures of the first (35-45 °C) and second fraction (50-60 °C). We hypothesized that enzymatic conditioning, combined with sequential hot-water extraction, would yield gelatin with properties comparable to those of mammalian- and fish-derived gelatins, while enabling a near-zero-waste process. The integrated process yielded 18.2 ± 1.2% fish oil, 9.8 ± 2.1% protein hydrolysate, 1.7 ± 0.7% pigment extract, and 25.3-37.8% gelatin. Optimal conditions (35 °C/60 °C) produced gelatin with gel strength of 168.8 ± 3.6 Bloom, dynamic viscosity of 2.48 ± 0.02 mPa·s, and yield of 34.76 ± 1.95%. Life cycle assessment (LCA) identified two primary environmental hotspots: water consumption and energy demand. This near-zero-waste biorefinery demonstrates the potential for comprehensive valorization of aquaculture BPs into multiple value-added bioproducts. Catfish ; Fish processing ; Biorefinery ; Life-cycle assessment ; Gelatin ; Aquaculture ; Extraction (chemistry) ; Fish <Actinopterygii> Collagen: Extraction and Characterization ; Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides ; Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging
Authors: Kainat Shah | Asif Ali
Source: Journal of Advanced Electronic Materials (article, 2026-03-28)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Dielectric and Ferroelectric Properties of Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.9Zr0.1O3–Sr0.7Bi0.2TiO3 Solid Solution In this work, \((1-x)\text{Ba}_{0.85}\text{Ca}_{0.15}\text{Ti}_{0.9}\text{Zr}_{0.1}\text{O}_{3} - x\text{Sr}_{0.7}\text{Bi}_{0.2}\text{TiO}_{3}\) (BCZT–SBT) ceramics with \( x = 0 \) and \( x = 0.025 \) were prepared through the conventional solid-state route. The samples were calcined at \(1200\,^{\circ}\text{C}\) for \(6\,\text{h}\), then re-milled, pressed into pellets, and sintered at \(1325\,^{\circ}\text{C}\) for \(6\,\text{h}\). XRD patterns indicate the formation of a cubic perovskite structure. A small decrease in lattice parameter is observed upon introducing SBT (\(a\) decreases from \(4.0176\,\text{Å}\) to \(4.0149\,\text{Å}\)), accompanied by a slight reduction in unit-cell volume (\(64.85\,\text{Å}^3\) to \(64.72\,\text{Å}^3\)). \(\varepsilon_r\) increases strongly with \( x = 0.025 \): at \(1\,\text{MHz}\), \(\varepsilon_r\) rises from 1057 (\( x = 0 \)) to 2175 (\( x = 0.025 \)), while \(\tan\delta\) remains low (0.034–0.037). Ferroelectric measurements at \(30\,\text{kV/cm}\) show an increase in maximum polarization from \(11.06\,\mu\text{C/cm}^2\) (\( x = 0 \)) to \(23.5\,\mu\text{C/cm}^2\) (\( x = 0.025 \)), with the coercive field decreasing from \(6.9\,\text{kV/cm}\) to \(5.1\,\text{kV/cm}\). Solid solution ; Ferroelectricity ; Dielectric ; Coercivity ; Calcination ; Perovskite (structure) ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Lattice (music) Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials ; Microwave Dielectric Ceramics Synthesis ; Dielectric properties of ceramics
Authors: Sarah Majin | Afrida Malik | Pratima Poudel | E. Vincent S. Faustino | Nubia Zuverza-Mena | John Hwa | Seyedtaghi Takyar | Susan Shea | Kagya A. Amoako
Source: Frontiers in Medical Technology (article, 2026-02-04)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Drug-loaded nanoparticles reduced platelet aggregation and blood coagulation Surface-induced thrombosis remains a significant limitation of blood-contacting medical devices, driven primarily by platelet activation and rapid clot formation. Nitric oxide (NO), a potent endogenous antiplatelet agent, has therefore inspired the development of targeted NO-delivery strategies to mitigate device-associated thrombosis. In this study, nitric oxide-releasing antiplatelet lipid nanoparticles (anti-PLT LNPs) were formulated and characterized for their physicochemical properties and NO-release kinetics. Their platelet aggregation inhibition was evaluated in vitro, while mammalian cell biocompatibility and effects on whole-blood coagulation were evaluated using activated clotting time (ACT) measurements. Anti-PLT LNPs exhibited sustained and measurable NO release after 22 weeks of storage and demonstrated high mammalian cell biocompatibility. The nanoparticles inhibited platelet aggregation by up to 84.4% (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and significantly prolonged whole-blood clotting time, resulting in up to a threefold increase in ACT (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These findings indicate that NO-releasing anti-PLT LNPs effectively suppress platelet activation and coagulation while maintaining biocompatibility, offering a customizable and targeted approach to mitigate surface-induced thrombosis in blood-contacting medical devices. Platelet ; Coagulation ; Platelet activation ; Biocompatibility ; Nitric oxide ; Platelet aggregation ; Clotting time ; Thrombosis Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Polymer Surface Interaction Studies ; Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Authors: Adam Drop | Magdalena Grzegolec | B. Frąckowiak
Source: Frontiers in Chemistry (article, 2026-02-04)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Selective isomerization of 2,3-disubstituted butanediacetal esters and thioesters using lithium and sodium enolates: effects of bases and additives on stereoselectivity The study concerned the stereoselective isomerisation of S2,S3-diethyl (<i>2R,3R,5R,6R</i>)-5,6-dimethoxy-5,6-dimethyl-1,4-dioxane-2,3-dicarbotioate to the isomer S2, S3-diethyl (<i>2R,3S,5R,6R</i>)-5,6-dimethoxy-5,6-dimethyl-1,4-dioxane-2,3-dicarbotioate via stable lithium and sodium enolates. For this purpose, enolate anions were generated using lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) and sodium isopropyl(trimethylsilyl)amide (NaPTA), using methanol as a proton source. Optimal stereoselectivity was achieved using 2.2 equivalents of LDA or NaPTA, yielding isomer ratios of 1:6.3 and 1:6.1, respectively, and good yields of 68% and 79%. The selectivity of the reaction was further increased in the presence of 10% (v/v) HMPA or six equivalents of LiCl in systems with LDA, indicating the important role of metal complexation. A symmetrical bis(silyl enol ether) with a Z,Z configuration of double bonds was isolated from the enolate formed during the reaction, confirming the ordered geometry of the system. The observed stereoselectivity is explained by the non-equivalence of the two possible enolates and the chelation-controlled desymmetrisation of the dienolate. Both NaPTA and LDA enabled selective isomerisation without additives, with NaPTA proving particularly effective for related butanediacetal derivatives containing thioesters, providing >90% cis isomer yield for the mixed ester-thioester substrate. These results show that NaPTA is an efficient and highly stereoselective base for the isomerisation of thioester-containing butanediacetals, expanding the possibilities of stereocontrolled enolate chemistry. Stereoselectivity ; Isomerization ; Lithium diisopropylamide ; Lithium (medication) ; Enol ; Methanol ; Sodium Coordination Chemistry and Organometallics ; Synthetic Organic Chemistry Methods ; Asymmetric Synthesis and Catalysis
Authors: Qi Yan | Yupeng Zheng | Long Chen | Hongmin Ma | Chao Ding | Xiaoxiao Pang | T. Xia | Jingyan Wei | Yinlong Zhang | Guoxin Xu
Source: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology (article, 2026-04-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Reactive oxygen species in skin diseases: pathogenic mechanisms and nanomaterial-based therapeutic strategies Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are inevitable by-products of aerobic metabolism and play a dual role in skin physiology and pathology. At physiological levels, ROS act as essential second messengers regulating cellular signaling and maintaining skin homeostasis. However, excessive ROS accumulation disrupts redox balance, leading to oxidative stress, inflammation, barrier dysfunction, and macromolecular damage, which are closely associated with the pathogenesis of various skin diseases, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, pigmentary disorders, photoaging, and skin cancers. In recent years, increasing attention has been directed toward nanomaterial-based strategies for precise ROS regulation, owing to their unique physicochemical properties, such as high surface area, tunable antioxidant activity, and enhanced skin permeability. Compared with conventional antioxidants, nanomaterials, including nanozymes, metal-based nanoparticles, biomacromolecular nanomaterials, and ROS-responsive nanocarriers, exhibit superior stability, targeted delivery capability, and sustained therapeutic efficacy. These nanoplatforms can not only efficiently scavenge excessive ROS but also modulate redox-sensitive signaling pathways, inflammatory responses, and skin barrier repair in a disease-specific manner. This review systematically summarizes the core mechanisms by which ROS contribute to the development of skin diseases, with an emphasis on oxidative stress mediated inflammation, macromolecular damage, and barrier impairment. Furthermore, we comprehensively discuss recent advances in nanomaterial-based therapeutic approaches for ROS regulation, highlighting self-therapeutic nanozymes, biomacromolecular antioxidant materials, and antioxidant-loaded nanodelivery systems. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives for the clinical translation of ROS-targeted nanotherapies in dermatology are discussed, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the rational design of next-generation nanomedicines for skin disease treatment. Reactive oxygen species ; Oxidative stress ; Skin barrier ; Skin Aging ; Antioxidant ; Signal transduction ; Rational design ; Cell signaling Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics ; Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
Authors: Jameel Al‐Tamimi | Hossam Ebaid | I.E. Hassan | Ahmed Rady | Ibrahim M. Alhazza
Source: Journal of King Saud University - Science (article, 2026-01-08)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Impact of <i>Calotropis procera</i> on potassium bromate-induced hepatotoxicity This study aims to investigate the impact of Calotropis procera extract (CPE) on liver damage resulting from potassium bromate. Twenty-five rats were assigned to five groups: a control group (CN), a PB group that received a single dose at 150 mg/kg body weight, a CPE group that received 2 mg/kg twice weekly for 1 month, and two combination groups (PB+CPE at 2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg, respectively). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the CPE was performed. GC-MS analysis indicated that CPE contains a mixture of compounds, with 1,3-cyclopentanedione, 4-(3-methylbutyl), and 2,3-bis (1-methylallyl) pyrrolidine being the most abundant. We evaluated various liver function markers, oxidative stress indices, and histopathological analysis of the hepatic tissues. Group PB rats exhibited a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and total bilirubin levels as compared to the CN group. The CPE-treated group showed a similar pattern to that of the control. However, the group treated with CPE in PB-challenged showed a significant decrease in the activities of ALP, ALT, AST, GGT, LDH and total bilirubin as compared to the CN in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, CPE also restored GSH level as well as decreased MDA level in PB- challenged group. These biochemical results were reflected in the histological evaluation of the tissue samples. Hence, CPE ameliorates PB-induced hepatotoxicity by regulating its toxic insults and oxidative stress. Alkaline phosphatase ; Bilirubin ; Alanine transaminase ; Aspartate transaminase ; Glutathione ; Transaminase ; Oxidative stress ; Liver function Phytochemistry and Bioactive Compounds ; Phytochemistry and Biological Activities ; Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
Authors: Milana Bushina
Source: Technobius physics. (article, 2026-03-30)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Nonlinear dielectric relaxation and memory effects in oxide materials Nonlinear dielectric relaxation and memory effects in oxide materials play a crucial role in the performance of modern electronic and energy-related devices. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms governing dielectric relaxation and polarization retention in a wide-bandgap oxide system under varying frequency, electric field, and temperature conditions. Polycrystalline oxide samples were synthesized using a solid-state method and characterized using dielectric spectroscopy and polarization measurements. Frequency-dependent permittivity, electric-field-induced nonlinear response, hysteresis behavior, and time-dependent polarization decay were systematically analyzed. The results revealed a strong frequency dependence of dielectric properties, with permittivity decreasing from approximately 1200 at low frequencies to about 450 at high frequencies, accompanied by a broad relaxation peak. The application of electric fields led to a nonlinear decrease in permittivity, indicating polarization saturation effects. Polarization measurements showed distinct hysteresis loops with remnant polarization around 0.12 C/m², confirming the presence of memory effects. Time-dependent analysis demonstrated non-exponential relaxation with partial retention of polarization over extended time scales. Additionally, temperature-dependent measurements indicated thermally activated relaxation processes, as evidenced by an increase in permittivity and a shift of relaxation behavior toward higher frequencies. These findings demonstrate that dielectric response in oxide materials is governed by multiple interacting mechanisms, including dipolar relaxation, interfacial polarization, and charge trapping. The study provides a comprehensive understanding of nonlinear dielectric relaxation and memory effects, which is important for the development of advanced dielectric and energy storage materials. Dielectric ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Permittivity ; Dielectric spectroscopy ; Dipole ; Relaxation (psychology) ; Oxide ; Polarization density Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials ; Dielectric properties of ceramics ; Semiconductor materials and devices
Authors: Kunal Gupta | Ruchika Dwivedi
Source: International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research (article, 2026-02-04)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Extraction and Identification of Diatom Species in Local Water Bodies of Jaipur Region The present study entitled "Extraction and Identification of Diatom Species in Local Water Bodies of Jaipur Region" was conducted in the Department of Forensic Science, JECRC University, Jaipur, Rajasthan. Objective of the study was to determine the diatom species in different water bodies of Jaipur from Dravyavati River, Maota lake, Man Sagar lake, Jeerota lake, Tal Katora. Examination of diatoms leads to determine the cause of death i.e. anti-mortem or post-mortem drowning cases. Acid digestion method was used for the extraction of diatoms from the collected water sample. Planktonic algae communities, with total of 9 diatom genera were identified from 5 different water bodies of Jaipur, examined under light microscope at 10x and 40x magnification. The Specific species genera with selected water bodies are: Diatoma sp., Nitzschia, Actinella, Melosira have been identified in Dravyavati River. Diatom genera Navicula, Cylindrotheca closterium and Nitzschia are found in Man Sagar Lake (Jal Mahal). Diatom Genera Synedra, Fragilaria, Nitzschia, and Encyonema are found in Tal Katora. Diatom Genera Nitzschia , Navicula, Melosira are found in Maota Lake (Amer Fort) and finally the diatom genera Nitzschia is the only species found in Jeerota Lake. Major diatom genera that are frequently found in all five water samples from water bodies are Nitzschia, Navicula and Melosira. Diatom ; Navicula ; Nitzschia ; Fragilaria ; Algae ; Plankton Diatoms and Algae Research ; Marine Biology and Environmental Chemistry ; Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Abdalrhaman Koko
Source: ArXiv.org (article, 2026-03-25)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

On the configurational force associated with blocked slip bands at grain boundaries in α-Ti Grain boundaries can block slip-band propagation and generate intense local stress and strain fields that influence subsequent deformation and damage initiation in polycrystalline metals. Conventional geometric criteria, such as Schmid factor and slip-transfer parameters, describe crystallographic compatibility but do not quantify the energetic severity of a blocked slip event. Here, we apply a configurational force framework to high-angular-resolution electron backscatter diffraction (HR-EBSD) measurements obtained from a blocked slip band in commercially pure titanium. By evaluating a J-type equivalent domain integral from the measured elastic field, we quantify both the magnitude and directional dependence of the local energetic driving force associated with the stress localisation; thus, providing an energetic descriptor of the tendency for deformation to extend into the neighbouring grain. The results show a marked decoupling between conventional geometric metrics and the configurational force response, indicating that the local stress-localisation geometry strongly influences which crystallographically admissible extension directions in the neighbouring grain are energetically favoured. The framework provides a physically grounded basis for quantifying blocked-slip severity and for motivating future in situ studies aimed at defining a critical transfer threshold for transfer or cracking. Slip (aerodynamics) ; Grain boundary ; Crystallite ; Lüders band ; Diffraction ; Substructure ; Deformation (meteorology) Microstructure and mechanical properties ; High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Titanium Alloys Microstructure and Properties
Authors: Amritha Anup | Milenka Men | Katelyn Wasacz | Michelle Bok | Afton K. Limberg | Katherine R. Hixon
Source: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology (article, 2026-03-17)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Silk cryogel and electrospun scaffold characterization for bone-tendon interface applications These results demonstrate that a multi-technology, multi- material tissue engineering strategy enables the creation of tunable, heterogeneous scaffolds for modeling the bone-tendon interface. Electrospinning ; Fibroin ; Scaffold ; Tissue engineering ; Gelatin ; Nanofiber ; SILK ; Microfiber Silk-based biomaterials and applications ; Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
Authors: Limin Wang | Xiaoya Wang | Yuan Li | Qianfei Jia | Zijian Wu
Source: Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems (article, 2026-01-08)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Recent advances in plant protein-based sustainable packaging films: resource, applications, challenges and future directions This review discussed the plant protein in sustainable food packing film/coating from perspective of innovative protein sources, adequate additives, sustainability, and innovative fabrication technology. The incorporation of biopolymers (plasticizers, polysaccharides and lipids) on the properties and its application was investigated. These biopolymers realized the complementarity between protein and biopolymers within films. Further, this review explores the link between protein-based packaging materials and innovative technologies like electrospinning, solution casting, and dry extrusion. The study investigates how these biopolymers complement proteins to enhance the material’s barrier and mechanical properties, thereby improving food preservation and shelf life. Finally, the review evaluates the sustainability of these materials and their application in food preservation, providing a foundation for future exploration of innovative plant proteins in this field. Sustainability ; Complementarity (molecular biology) ; Food packaging ; Food systems ; Food industry ; Foundation (evidence) Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging ; Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications ; biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties