jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Jian Lin | Ze Chen | Qingkun Liu
Source: Micromachines (article, 2026-03-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Design and Modeling of Piezoelectric Nanofilm Actuators for Low-Voltage Powered Microrobots Piezoelectric actuators are essential for sub-millimeter robots and reconfigurable microstructures owing to their advantages, including the ability to operate in air and high-speed response. However, the substantial performance degradation observed in piezoelectric actuators with sub-micrometer thickness poses a critical challenge for the design of low-voltage microactuators capable of achieving large bending curvature. Here we develop a coupled analytical–numerical framework for designing multilayer lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanofilm microactuators under a low voltage constraint (≤5 V). An analytical multilayer beam model is extended to incorporate thickness-dependent material properties and an interfacial dead layer that reduces the effective electric field at small thicknesses. This enables rapid exploration of curvature and the neutral-axis position as functions of the thicknesses of PZT, electrodes, and the dielectric layer. Two- and three-dimensional finite-element simulations provide complementary predictions of neutral-axis location, voltage-dependent curvature response, and eigenmode shapes. The resulting design maps reveal a non-monotonic optimum for PZT thickness in the few-hundred-nanometer range to maximize the curvature change at low voltages and identify ultrathin top electrodes as a key design lever that enhances bending by reducing parasitic stiffness while shifting the neutral axis favorably. These findings offer quantitative guidelines for designing low-voltage, high-curvature piezoelectric microactuators for microrobotic systems. Actuator ; Lead zirconate titanate ; Curvature ; Piezoelectricity ; Bending ; Voltage ; Microactuator ; Stiffness ; Bending stiffness Nonlocal and gradient elasticity in micro/nano structures ; Advanced Materials and Mechanics ; Piezoelectric Actuators and Control
Authors: Sai Krishna Bompelliwar | Kishore Raju Vatsavai | Jayaram Kamma | Anil Kumar Ramgiri | Ravi Teja Meduri | Kishore Kumar Hotha
Source: American Journal of Analytical Chemistry (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Cleaning Validation: Analytical Strategies and Practical Implementation Using Chromatographic Methods The cleaning validation is the most important step. Cleaning validation is a crucial aspect of pharmaceutical manufacturing to ensure that residues from previous batches do not contaminate subsequent products. This review explores the principles, regulatory requirements, analytical techniques, validation parameters, challenges, and future trends associated with cleaning validation. The focus is on ensuring compliance with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) while maintaining product safety and efficacy. This review paper provides a comprehensive review of analytical method cleaning validation procedures. Product (mathematics) ; Focus (optics) ; Good manufacturing practice ; Process validation ; Cleaning agent ; Analytical procedures Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
Authors: Shi Guang | Xie Tao | Li Mengqi | Jie Wang | Zhou Zhenqin | Wang Qiaohua
Source: Frontiers in Energy Research (article, 2026-02-02)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Research on analysis methods for overlapping interference of gas spectral lines in laser photoacoustic spectroscopy Laser photoacoustic spectroscopy is employed to measure dissolved gases in transformer oil, which include C 2 H 2 , C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 6 , CH 4 , CO 2 and CO. The wavelength of 1532.83 nm was selected as the absorption line for C 2 H 2 . However, near this wavelength, the absorption line of CO 2 also appears, causing a spectral overlap phenomenon with C 2 H 2 . An experimental photoacoustic spectroscopy measurement system was established using lasers operating at 1532.83 nm and 1579.6 nm. Driven by a sinusoidal signal, the laser scanned the rising and falling sections of the C 2 H 2 Voigt extended line profile at 1532.83 nm. The area under the waveform of the generated photoacoustic signal was calculated via integration. It was found that the influence of CO 2 on the measured C 2 H 2 concentration exhibited a specific discrepancy, which was consistent with the ratio of the line profile areas corresponding to the rising and falling sections of the C 2 H 2 Voigt profile near 1532.83 nm where CO 2 absorbs. By using the 1579.6 nm laser to measure the CO 2 concentration independently, the portion of the photoacoustic signal area at 1532.83 nm attributable to CO 2 —calculated based on the Voigt profile—could be subtracted. This method effectively compensates for the interference in determining the C 2 H 2 concentration. Experimental results demonstrate that for various concentration ratios of CO 2 and C 2 H 2 , the calculated concentrations of both gases after applying this area subtraction method are in good agreement with the expected results. This approach provides a viable solution for addressing interference issues in subsequent multi-gas measurement processes. Photoacoustic spectroscopy ; Laser ; Voigt profile ; Spectroscopy ; Wavelength ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Absorption spectroscopy ; Spectral line ; Photoacoustic effect Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Combustion and flame dynamics ; Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Authors: Shipra . | Shalini Saini | Dheeraj Kumar Vishwakarma | Amit Kumar Rai
Source: International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

A Review on Recent Advances in UV and RP-HPLC Method Development for Anticancer Drugs Cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, creating a growing demand for accurate, reliable, and regulatory-compliant analytical methods for the quantification of anticancer drugs. Among the available techniques, UV–Visible spectrophotometry and Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) remain the most widely used due to their simplicity, cost-effectiveness, sensitivity, and reproducibility. This review highlights recent advancements in the development and validation of UV and RP-HPLC methods for a broad range of anticancer agents, including alkylating agents, antimetabolites, taxanes, anthracyclines, platinum compounds, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, CDK4/6 inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, and emerging targeted therapies. Key aspects of method development such as selection of mobile phase, detection wavelength, chromatographic conditions, and optimization strategies are discussed. Special emphasis is placed on method validation parameters in accordance with ICH Q2(R1) guidelines, including linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, robustness, and system suitability. Additionally, recent trends such as green analytical chemistry, Quality-by-Design (QbD), UHPLC, and hyphenated techniques are addressed. This comprehensive review aims to support researchers, academicians, and pharmaceutical analysts in developing robust, sensitive, and eco-friendly analytical methods for routine quality control and regulatory submissions. Anticancer drug ; Drug development ; Tyrosine kinase ; Cancer ; Cancer treatment ; Process development Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and mitigation
Authors: Babu Lal Saini | Srinivas K | Ramya VS | Dinesh Kumar PV
Source: International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research (article, 2026-04-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

A comprehensive review of silkworm genetic improvement strategies for enhancing silk production Silk production is a globally important agro-based industry that relies primarily on the domesticated silkworm Bombyx mori. The productivity and quality of silk are strongly influenced by the genetic characteristics of silkworm strains. Over the years, various genetic improvement strategies have been developed to enhance silk yield, cocoon quality, disease resistance, and environmental adaptability. Traditional breeding approaches such as hybridization and selective breeding have played a major role in developing high-yielding silkworm strains. In recent years, advances in molecular biology and biotechnology have introduced modern tools including marker-assisted selection, genomic analysis, transgenic technology, and genome editing techniques such as CRISPR-Cas9. These approaches enable precise modification of genetic traits associated with silk production and disease resistance. Furthermore, omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics have improved our understanding of silkworm genetics and silk gland biology. This review discusses the major genetic improvement strategies used in silkworm breeding and highlights the role of modern biotechnological tools in enhancing silk productivity and quality. The integration of traditional breeding methods with advanced molecular technologies provides promising opportunities for sustainable and efficient sericulture development. Sericulture ; Bombyx mori ; Domestication ; Genome editing ; Productivity ; Genomics ; Animal production ; SILK Silk-based biomaterials and applications ; Silkworms and Sericulture Research ; Bioactive Compounds in Plants
Authors: M. Ladisa
Source: Applied Sciences (article, 2026-02-11)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Automated Procedure for Centre Localization, Noise Removal, and Background Suppression in Two-Dimensional X-Ray Diffraction Patterns In this paper, we present a comprehensive and automated methodology for processing two-dimensional X-ray diffraction (2D-XRD) patterns. The proposed workflow involves three sequential stages: (i) precise localization of the diffraction center, (ii) removal of high-frequency noise, and (iii) suppression of non-physical background signals. This method enables improved data quality for subsequent quantitative analysis such as radial integration, phase identification, and structural refinement. Application to experimental datasets from both the Synchrotron Radiation Facility and a table-top X-ray diffractometer demonstrates the method’s robustness, accuracy, and computational efficiency. Diffraction ; Diffractometer ; Workflow ; Noise (video) ; Phaser ; Phase (matter) ; Synchrotron radiation ; Image quality X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography ; Machine Learning in Materials Science ; Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
Authors: Ramūnas Tupčiauskas | Andris Berzins | Gunars Pavlovics | Rudolfs Berzins | Mārtiņš Andžs | Janis Rizikovs
Source: Polymers (article, 2026-02-14)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Development of Suberinic Acids-Bonded Medium-Density Particleboard This study focuses on the development of wood-based particleboard that address resource efficiency, environmental sustainability, and health-related concerns. The conventional particleboard industry relies on synthetic, predominantly formaldehyde-based adhesives, which pose environmental, health, and end-use risks. Rising raw material prices, regulatory restrictions, and increasing competition in the wood-processing sector have further highlighted the importance of alternative biomass resources for particleboard production. In response to these challenges, this study investigates the suitability of available sawdust resources derived from the production residues of cellular wood materials and recycled particleboards, combined with natural suberinic acids mixture obtained from birch outer bark as a binder. The effects of furnish structure, binder content (15-21%), pressing temperature (190-220 °C), pressing rate (0.9-1.7 min/mm), and board density (650-850 kg/m<sup>3</sup>) on the resulting particleboard properties were evaluated. The results demonstrate that it is possible to meet the requirement values for thickness swelling (≤17%) and internal bonding strength (≥0.40 N/mm<sup>2</sup>) specified for interior fitment boards, including furniture applications according to EN 312, Type P2. The bending properties of the best-performing particleboards are very close to the requirement values (MOE ≥ 1800 N/mm<sup>2</sup>, MOR ≥ 11 N/mm<sup>2</sup>), indicating the potential for further improvement at the target density range. Furnish structure, board thickness, density, and pressing temperature were identified as the most influential factors affecting the final board properties. Pressing ; Sawdust ; Raw material ; Oriented strand board ; Biomass (ecology) ; Swelling Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Wood Treatment and Properties ; Lignin and Wood Chemistry
Authors: Mimoza Dani | Sára Beszteri | Andrea Burfeid Castellanos | Katherina Schimani | Oliver Skibbe | Jonas Zimmermann | André Soares | Lea Griesdorn | Alexander J. Probst | Maria Kahlert | Bánk Beszteri
Source: Refubium (Universitätsbibliothek der Freien Universität Berlin) (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Species delimitation within the Achnanthidium minutissimum complex (Bacillariophyta), based on morphological, molecular, and ecophysiological approaches The benthic diatom species Achnanthidium minutissimum belongs to a species complex with a challenging taxonomy. Achnanthidium minutissimum has been reported to be a widespread and abundant species occurring in a broad range of freshwater habitats. However, differentiating and delimiting it from other Achnanthidium species is challenging due to the small size and great similarity of the different species, often with overlaps in morphological features. Therefore, reports of the occurrence of these taxa probably come with a large uncertainty due to potential misidentification. To gain a better understanding of the boundaries between species within the A. minutissimum species complex, we applied an integrative taxonomic approach and investigated the congruence between morphological, molecular, and ecophysiological variability among 13 monoclonal strains isolated from Germany, Sweden, and Spitsbergen. In addition to the characterization of valve morphology, we assessed their growth under different temperatures and salt concentrations and compared sequences of the rbcL marker gene as well as of a broad set of homologous loci sampled by genome skimming. Molecular and ecophysiological variability was mostly congruent with scanning electron microscopy-based morphological identification; the main exception was that two pairs of strains identified as A. cf. microcephalum and A. jackii could be distinguished neither in their ecophysiological profiles nor in their DNA sequences. Extending this integrated taxonomic approach to more strains will be beneficial for a better understanding of the morphological, molecular, and niche differentiation among different Achnanthidium species. The added value of the combined morphological–molecular–ecophysiological approach is an improved delineation of morphological features applicable for species differentiation and a better understanding of ecological differentiation. Taxon ; Niche ; Species complex ; Range (aeronautics) ; Ecological niche ; Taxonomy (biology) Diatoms and Algae Research ; Marine and coastal ecosystems ; Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
Authors: Thatsanee Charoenporn | Virach Sornlertlamvanich | Yasushi Kiyoki
Source: Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) (article, 2026-03-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Zero-Plastic Model : A Framework for Complete Plastic Elimination This paper proposes a "Zero-Plastic Model" focused on the complete elimination and systematic replacement of plastic products.Deviating from the traditional "reduce, reuse, recycle" framework, the model emphasizes prevention over treatment and introduces innovative technological solutions for plastic alternatives.The paper presents three aspects: (1) the systematic reduction of plastic dependency through policy frameworks and behavioral interventions, (2) the development and implementation of sustainable replacement materials, and (3) the integration of technologies to facilitate this transition.The framework integrates circular economy principles and draws inspiration from pre-plastic-era solutions to achieve zero residual plastic in the system, offering a practical pathway for organizations and communities seeking to eliminate their plastic dependency. Interval (graph theory) ; Plasticity ; Set (abstract data type) ; Work (physics) ; Component (thermodynamics) Material Selection and Properties ; Metal Forming Simulation Techniques ; Rheology and Fluid Dynamics Studies
Authors: Estrella Alfaro-Sáiz | Pau Cruz Ramón | BLANCA CORTÓN-GRACIA | Sergio Rodríguez-Fernández | Antonio Encina | Sandra Lobato Pérez | Ana I. Paniagua-García | Rebeca Díez-Antolínez | Carmen Acedo | Ana Belén Fernández-Salegui
Source: Frontiers in Forests and Global Change (article, 2026-02-25)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Birch sap extraction and short-term physiological responses in Betula celtiberica forests of north-western Spain Introduction In recent years, birch sap has gained attention due to its applications in different sectors. However, the ecological impact of sap extraction and its implications for ecosystem sustainability remain insufficiently explored. This study focuses on the sustainable management of Betula celtiberica sap extraction in the Reserva de la Biosfera de los Valles de Omaña y Luna (RBVOyL). Methods The effects of sap extraction on tree physiology were assessed by measuring water potential and chlorophyll fluorescence. In parallel, the biochemical composition of the sap was analyzed to characterize its biocompounds and evaluate their potential commercial uses. Practices for sustainable and responsible sap collection were also considered. Results Sap extraction did not produce negative effects on tree physiological status, as neither water potential nor chlorophyll fluorescence showed adverse responses 1 month after extraction. In addition, the volume of sap obtained and the concentrations of biocompounds detected support its potential use as a food and cosmetic resource. Discussion Birch sap could represent a viable, sustainable and natural product for small-scale production in the study region, contributing to the diversification of local economic activities. Nevertheless, further research is required to assess the long-term effects of sap extraction and its broader potential as a forest resource. Water extraction ; Sustainability ; Extraction (chemistry) ; Ecosystem ; Biomass (ecology) ; Chlorophyll ; Forest product ; Diversification (marketing strategy) Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds ; Biological Stains and Phytochemicals ; Pharmacological Effects of Medicinal Plants
Authors: Adrien Brown | Alexandre Burel | Sarah Cianférani | Christine Carapito | Fabrice Bertile
Source: PROTEOMICS (article, 2026-01-06)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Brownotate, a Comprehensive Solution to Generate Protein Sequence Databases for Any Species Proteomics is strengthening research in biology and the diversification of the model organisms studied is very promising for fully understanding the complexity of biological principles. However, the lack of protein sequence databases for many species is a major bottleneck. Existing computational solutions are usually incomplete and/or only usable by bioinformaticians. We have built an open-source, user-friendly pipeline, called Brownotate, which allows anyone to generate protein sequence databases for any species as long as sequencing information is available. The pipeline can extract already existing protein sequences, but also automatically annotate any genome assembly or assemble and annotate any DNA sequence dataset. By testing the pipeline with numerous sequencing and assembly datasets covering a large part of the phylogenetic tree, we show that Brownotate generates fragmented but good quality assemblies and good quality annotations when compared to reference data. By comparing the use of protein databases generated by Brownotate or downloaded from NCBI to interpret proteomic data, we show very comparable results. The Brownotate pipeline is, therefore, an important new addition to the proteomics toolbox. The pipeline and its web interface are freely available at https://github.com/LSMBO/Brownotate and https://github.com/LSMBO/brownotate-app, respectively. SUMMARY: This study evaluated the performance of a newly developed pipeline, Brownotate, for the assembly and annotation of sequencing data for multiple species, from prokaryotes to eukaryotes. We compared their fragmentation level (assembly) and completeness based on evolutionary expectations of gene content, and we evaluated their overlap. Brownotate generated fragmented, slightly less complete assemblies. However, the overlap of proteins predicted was very good, despite an excess of predicted sequences of small size with Brownotate. In addition, the interpretation of proteomics data downloaded from PRIDE repository for 27 species was found to lead to very similar results regardless of the origin of the protein sequencing database used, whether it was generated by Brownotate or downloaded from NCBI. Brownotate, made available to the community, will, therefore, be a tool of choice to mitigate the lack of an appropriate protein sequence database for many species, and allow proteomists to analyse without delay samples from species for which only sequencing data are available. Pipeline (software) ; Protein sequencing ; Proteomics ; Annotation ; Gene Annotation ; Sequence assembly ; Genomics ; DNA microarray ; DNA sequencing ; USable Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies ; Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research