jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Kashaf Kazmi | Zafar Javed | Muhammad Salman | Faiza Jan Iftikhar | Naseer Ahmed | Jawad Naeem | Abdul Jabbar | Mehmet Karahan | Muhammad Naeem
Source: Tekstilec (article, 2023-02-06)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Optimization of Knitted Fabrics for better Thermo-Physiological Comfort by using Taguchi-based Principal Component Analysis The water, air permeability and thermal resistance of fabrics are important attributes that have a significant impact on the thermal comfort properties of sportswear fabrics in different environmental conditions. In this work, terry and fleece fabrics were developed by varying the fibre content and mass per unit area of fabrics. Moreover, the thermo-physical properties of the developed fabrics, including air permeability, water vapor permeability and thermal resistance, were analysed before and after washing. The multi-response optimization of the thermal comfort properties of knitted fabrics was performed using principal component analysis (PCA) and the Taguchi signal-to-noise ratio (PCA-S/N ratio) to achieve optimal properties. It was determined that the selected parameters (fabric type, finishing, fibre content and fabric mass per unit area) had a significant effect on the thermal comfort properties of knitted fabrics. The PCA analysis showed that 100% cotton terry fabric before washing with an aerial weight of 220 g/m2 had higher air and water vapor permeability value, but a lower thermal resistance value. Air permeability specific surface ; Taguchi methods ; Composite material ; Materials science ; Principal component analysis ; Permeability (electromagnetism) ; Thermal ; Thermal resistance ; Computer science ; Chemistry Textile materials and evaluations ; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials ; Thermoregulation and physiological responses
Authors: Quoc To Bao | Kihak Lee | Hyoseo An | Do Hyung Lee | Jiuk Shin
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2023-10-23)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Effective prediction finite element model of pull-out capacity for cast-in-place anchor in high strain rate effects Cast-in-place anchors are being increasingly used in many applications including building construction, bridge, and power plants. The anchorage to concrete systems are subjected to tensile, shear and combined loads from a variety of loading circumstances including static, dynamic, and shock loading. Despite extensive studies on these systems, reliable numerical models for predicting the behavior of these anchors are still limited. Therefore, this paper investigated the tensile behavior of cast-in-place anchorage to concrete systems, to propose an effective model for reproducing anchorage behavior using finite element (FE) methods. Experiments and code-based models for the anchorage system in tension were used to evaluate the numerical models for cast-in-place anchors in concrete, and the most suitable model, with advantages in accuracy and saving analysis time, was chosen. Finally, the FE model was used to study the tensile capacity and related dynamic increase factor for various strain rates, anchor diameters, and embedment depths. Finite element method ; Strain (injury) ; Computer science ; Strain rate ; Structural engineering ; Composite material ; Materials science ; Medicine ; Engineering ; Physical therapy High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior ; Structural Response to Dynamic Loads ; Tunneling and Rock Mechanics
Authors: Zhenlong Zhang | Zhe Wang | Ying Luo | Jiaqian Zhang | Xiyang Feng | Qiuping Zeng | Duan Tian | Chao Li | Yongde Zhang | Yuping Wang | Shu Chen | Li Chen
Source: Processes (article, 2023-09-11)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Quantitative Analysis of Soil Cd Content Based on the Fusion of Vis-NIR and XRF Spectral Data in the Impacted Area of a Metallurgical Slag Site in Gejiu, Yunnan Vis-NIR and XRF spectroscopy are widely used in monitoring heavy metals in soil due to their advantages of being fast, non-destructive, cost-effective, and non-polluting. However, when used individually, XRF and vis-NIR may not meet the accuracy requirements for Cd determination. In this study, we focused on the impact area of a non-ferrous metal smelting slag site in Gejiu City, Yunnan Province, fused the pre-selected vis-NIR and XRF spectra using the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC), and identified the characteristic spectra using the competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) method. Based on this, a quantitative model for soil Cd concentration was established using partial least squares regression (PLSR). The results showed that among the four fusion spectral quantitative models constructed, the model combining vis-NIR spectral second-order derivative transformation and XRF spectral first-order derivative transformation (D2(vis-NIR) + D1(XRF)) had the highest coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9505) and the smallest root mean square error (RMSE = 0.1174). Compared to the estimation models built using vis-NIR and XRF spectra alone, the average computational time of the fusion models was reduced by 68.19% and 63.92%, respectively. This study provides important technical means for real-time and large-scale on-site rapid estimation of Cd content using multi-source spectral fusion. Slag (welding) ; Correlation coefficient ; Partial least squares regression ; Mean squared error ; Smelting ; Near-infrared spectroscopy ; Environmental science ; Coefficient of determination ; Soil science ; Materials science ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Environmental chemistry ; Chemistry ; Mathematics ; Metallurgy ; Statistics ; Physics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping ; Remote-Sensing Image Classification
Authors: Kareem Hegazy | Varun Makhija | P. H. Bucksbaum | Jeff Corbett | James Cryan | Nick Hartmann | Markus Ilchen | K. Jobe | Renkai Li | Igor Makasyuk | Xiaozhe Shen | Xijie Wang | Stephen Weathersby | Jie Yang | Ryan Coffee
Source: Communications Physics (article, 2023-11-13)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Applying Bayesian inference and deterministic anisotropy to retrieve the molecular structure ∣Ψ(R)∣2 distribution from gas-phase diffraction experiments Abstract Currently, our general approach to retrieving molecular structures from ultrafast gas-phase diffraction heavily relies on complex ab initio electronic or vibrational excited state simulations to make conclusive interpretations. Without such simulations, inverting this measurement for the structural probability distribution is typically intractable. This creates a so-called inverse problem. Here we address this inverse problem by developing a broadly applicable method that approximates the molecular frame structure ∣Ψ( R , t )∣ 2 distribution independent of these complex simulations. We retrieve the vibronic ground state ∣Ψ( R )∣ 2 for both simulated stretched NO 2 and measured N 2 O. From measured N 2 O, we observe 40 mÅ coordinate-space resolution from 3.75 Å −1 reciprocal space range and poor signal-to-noise, a 50X improvement over traditional Fourier transform methods. In simulated NO 2 diffraction experiments, typical to high signal-to-noise levels predict 100–1000X resolution improvements, down to 0.1 mÅ. By directly measuring the width of ∣Ψ( R )∣ 2 , we open ultrafast gas-phase diffraction capabilities to measurements beyond current analysis approaches. This method has the potential to effectively turn gas-phase ultrafast diffraction into a discovery-oriented technique to probe systems that are prohibitively difficult to simulate. Diffraction ; Phase retrieval ; Inverse problem ; Fourier transform ; Reciprocal lattice ; Physics ; Statistical physics ; Inverse ; Ab initio ; Computational physics ; Algorithm ; Computer science ; Optics ; Mathematics ; Mathematical analysis ; Quantum mechanics ; Geometry Spectroscopy and Laser Applications ; Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies ; Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
Authors: Xiaofeng Xu | Lian Zhang | Yin Shi | Long‐Qing Chen | Jinchao Xu
Source: Computers & Mathematics with Applications (article, 2023-01-27)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Integral boundary conditions in phase field models Lagrange multiplier ; Multigrid method ; Boundary value problem ; Mathematical analysis ; Mathematics ; Partial differential equation ; Conjugate gradient method ; Applied mathematics ; Mathematical optimization Solidification and crystal growth phenomena ; Advanced Mathematical Modeling in Engineering ; Matrix Theory and Algorithms
Authors: Zhenan Chen | Xiaoming Xue | Ruoyi Cheng | Haoqi Wu | Handng Gao | Zexun Gao
Source: Journal of Wood Science (article, 2023-06-20)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Geographical origin classification of Phoebe zhennan and Phoebe bournei by solid phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Abstract Phoebe zhennan and Phoebe bournei are favored for their fine-grain, insect resistance, special fragrance, not easily cracked and deformed, which had been widely used in furniture and construction. Wood authenticity regarding different varieties and geographical origins is increasingly becoming a concern for consumers. Due to the difference in wood quality characteristics and economic value of genus Phoebe species from different geographical origins, it is important to establish a fast, efficient, and reliable method to discriminate the geographical origin of Phoebe zhennan and Phoebe bournei . Solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) was used as sample preparation approach and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) technique was employed to analyze the volatile compounds. As a result, a total of 40 volatiles were identified by SPME–GC–MS among Phoebe zhennan samples from four origins, while 34 substances identified among Phoebe bournei samples. The wood samples of Phoebe zhennan and Phoebe bournei from different major production areas in China were able be discriminated by GC–MS spectroscopy. This finding indicated that genus Phoebe species from different climate zones had different chemical composition, which verified that the SPME–GC–MS technique can be used to classify different species of wood with characteristic compounds. Extraction (chemistry) ; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry ; Environmental science ; Mass spectrometry ; Forestry ; Geography ; Chemistry ; Chromatography Wood and Agarwood Research ; Wood Treatment and Properties ; Plant Diversity and Evolution
Authors: Shahriar Raian | Sormin Akter | Lal Mohan Baral
Source: Textile & Leather Review (article, 2023-06-20)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Prioritizing the quality parameters of cotton carded knit yarn by varying tensions of the bottom aprons of the ring frame The forces exerted on fibres during drafting in the drafting zone with the upper and bottom aprons of the Ring Frame significantly impact the yarn quality. Aprons are crucial in manipulating fibres by facilitating movement and directing them toward the primary drafting area. From these two aprons, the bottom apron's tension is changed by changing tension spring bar groove hole positions. There is no scope for changing such settings in the case of top aprons. This research aims to achieve high-quality cotton carded knit yarn by selecting an appropriate bottom apron tension due to the significant role in proper drafting and twist insertion at the time of the manufacturing process directly affecting produced yarn's strength, evenness, imperfections, and hairiness properties. To fulfil this requirement, six yarn samples are produced each time by using 5 different tensions of the bottom drafting aprons. The samples underwent quality parameter testing, including Unevenness (U)%, Coefficient of Variation (CV)%, Imperfection Index (IPI), Hairiness (H), and Count Strength Product (CSP). The findings indicated that increasing the tension of the bottom apron while maintaining positions 1, 2, and 3 reduces the occurrence of neps, variations in thickness and thinness, and imperfections. In contrast, CSP is increased due to elevated stress on the fibres. In general, maintaining an appropriate tension enhanced the quality of the yarn, and the best quality was obtained for position 3, considering all the quality variables. Moreover, by using Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) methodology, the pairwise relationship between the quality variables is shown. Finally, after calculation, those quality variables are arranged in three levels. According to this level, the quality parameters are ranked where the top is the highest. It is observed that Count Strength Product is at the highest level, which indicates that CSP should be given more priority. Moreover, the end use of this yarn is to produce knit items, and for the knitting yarn, CSP is one of the most influential quality variables. Yarn ; Tension (geology) ; Quality (philosophy) ; Structural engineering ; Bobbin ; Engineering ; Composite material ; Materials science ; Mathematics ; Mechanical engineering ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Physics Textile materials and evaluations ; Structural Analysis and Optimization ; Mechanical Engineering and Vibrations Research
Authors: Hafsa Jamshaid | Awais Khan | Naseer Ahmad
Source: Journal of Natural Fibers (article, 2023-09-12)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

New Dimensions of Various Interlock Knitted Derivatives This study investigated the derivatives of interlock knitted structures by changing stitch type, location, and their percentage (%) on different performance properties. In the current study, 11 different interlock knit structures were developed by using multiple combinations of knit, tuck, and miss stitches and different types of testing, i.e., physical, mechanical, thermo-physiological comfort, tactile comfort, and dimensional properties, were performed and investigated. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine the statistical significance of structure on the properties. Based on the results, it was concluded that stitch type, percentage, and location have a prominent influence on the abovementioned properties of knit fabrics, which is also elaborated by interaction plots. The present research used a multi-response optimization technique, i.e., principal component analysis (PCA), to identify the best structure for industrial applications like uniforms, based on the optimization of abovementioned properties. Based on the results, it was suggested that a sample with an interlock cross relief structure was found to be the best in all aspects among all samples, followed by interlock pique and double tuck, which were ranked as 2nd and 3rd, respectively. This paper highlights the possible application of different interlock knitted structures according to end use for manufacturers. Interlock ; Principal component analysis ; Statistical analysis ; Computer science ; Variance (accounting) ; Materials science ; Structural engineering ; Composite material ; Mathematics ; Engineering ; Statistics ; Artificial intelligence Textile materials and evaluations ; VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques ; Advanced Materials and Mechanics
Authors: Indah Widiastuti | Devan Hidayat Pratama | Mohamad Lukmanul Hakim | Danar Susilo Wijayanto | Budi Harjanto
Source: International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences (article, 2023-09-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Mechanical and thermal properties of recycled polypropylene bamboo fibre-reinforced composites &lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;In this article, a kind of green composite was prepared from recycled polypropylene (r-PP) which was further reinforced with various loadings of chemically modified bamboo fibres. Effects of bamboo fibre loading on the mechanical and thermal properties of r-PP/bamboo composites were studied. Those properties were characterized by tensile testing, impact testing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Standardized test specimens with 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% mass fractions of bamboo fibre were obtained by an extrusion process which was then finalized on injection molding. The experiment revealed the tensile strength and strain of the composite become greater with the increase of bamboo fraction in the ultimate value of 20% mass fraction. The composite with 10% bamboo fibre loading recorded the highest value of impact strength. Meanwhile, it was evident that the presence of bamboo fibre decreased the thermal stability of recycled polypropylene materials. Therefore, this composite material may find good potential for semi-structural loading applications in relatively low-exposure working.&lt;/span&gt; Bamboo ; Materials science ; Composite material ; Polypropylene ; Ultimate tensile strength ; Composite number ; Thermogravimetric analysis ; Mass fraction ; Molding (decorative) ; Thermal stability ; Izod impact strength test ; Tensile testing ; Chemistry Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Bamboo properties and applications
Authors: Chetan Dhakan | Annasofia Anemone | Vittoria Ventura | Antonella Carella | Alessia Corrado | Elisa Pirotta | Daisy Villano | Feriel Romdhane | Francesco Gammaraccio | Silvio Aime | Dario Livio Longo
Source: Metabolites (article, 2023-11-18)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Assessing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Proton Transport Inhibitors in a Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Murine Model with Magnetic Resonance Imaging—Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Tumor pH Imaging Proton transporters play a key role in maintaining the acidic tumor microenvironment; hence, their inhibition has been proposed as a new therapeutic treatment, although few methods can accurately assess their effect in vivo. In this study, we investigated whether MRI-CEST (Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer) tumor pH imaging can be a useful tool to evaluate in vivo the therapeutic efficacy of several Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) in breast cancer. Cell viability and extracellular pH assays were carried out in breast cancer cells cultured at physiological pH (7.4) or acid-adapted (pH of 6.5 and 6.8) following the exposure to inhibitors of V-ATPase (Lansoprazole, Esomeprazole) or NHE1 (Amiloride, Cariporide) at several concentrations. Next, triple-negative breast cancer 4T1 tumor-bearing mice were treated with Lansoprazole or Amiloride and MRI-CEST tumor pH imaging was utilized to assess the in vivo efficacy. Only Lansoprazole induced, in addition to breast cancer cell toxicity, a significant inhibition of proton extrusion. A significant reduction in tumor volume, prolonged survival, and increase in extracellular tumor pH after 1 and 2 weeks were observed after Lansoprazole treatment, whereas no significant changes were detected upon Amiloride treatment. Our results suggested that MRI-CEST tumor pH imaging can monitor the therapeutic efficacy of PPIs in breast cancer murine models. In vivo ; Lansoprazole ; Chemistry ; Breast cancer ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Ex vivo ; Amiloride ; Tumor microenvironment ; Cancer ; Cancer research ; Pharmacology ; Medicine ; In vitro ; Internal medicine ; Biochemistry ; Biology ; Sodium Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes ; Magnetism in coordination complexes ; Electron Spin Resonance Studies
Authors: Cassiana Alves Ferreira | Janet Gaby Inga Guillen | Raul Huacho Buendia | Osir Daygor Vidal Alanya | Danessa Clarita Reyes Aliaga | Walter Goytendia Centeno | Benji Steve Ascue Miranda | Sthefany Madjory Moya Mateo | Thonny Centeno Utos | Andrés Veléz Echeverry | Mário Tomazello Filho
Source: CERNE (article, 2023-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

Identification of 20 species from the Peruvian Amazon tropical forest by the wood macroscopic features Background: The biodiversity of the Peruvian Amazon tropical forests is one of the most expressive in the world, with 2500 forest species, although restricted to about 250 tree species used commercially. This species diversity indicates the challenge magnitude for research in taxonomy and timber species identification. Likewise, it implies the complexity of biodiversity conservation and restoration measures, which are directly related to the control of deforestation, cutting and transport of illegal wood. With this objective, the present study describes the macroscopic wood anatomical features in order to identify 20 tree species from Peruvian Amazon Forest, “Selva Central”, including an identification key and tree species botanical validation. Results: The wood species are included in 12 families commonly found in the tropical forests of Peru, highlighting the Fabaceae (25%), Moraceae (15%), Podocarpaceae and Lauraceae (10%) families and are sold as timber for several uses and applications in the internal market and for export. The wood species presented common anatomical features, such as diffuse porosity, visible axial parenchyma mainly distinct, and, eventually, with ray storied, e. g: A. cearensis, M. balsamum and M. peruiferum. Conclusion: The tropical tree species identification is possible by analyzing their wood macroscopic anatomical structure. The results can be also applied in the wood trade traceability by controlling deforestation and illegal wood commerce and in proposing policies for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. They constitute, likewise, a database for the recent wood identification methodologies presented in the specialized literature. Amazon rainforest ; Tropical forest ; Agroforestry ; Geography ; Identification (biology) ; Tropics ; Forestry ; Biology ; Ecology Wood and Agarwood Research ; Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies ; Botanical Research and Applications
Authors: Kazi Md. Elias | Mohammad Obaidur Rahman | H. M. Zakir Hossain
Source: Journal of Textile Science and Technology (article, 2023-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Predicting Bursting Strength Behavior of Weft Knitted Fabrics Using Various Percentages of Cotton, Polyester, and Spandex Fibers The bursting strength is an essential quality parameter of knit fabric. The fabric structure, weight, types of fibers, and fiber blend proportion influence the bursting strength parameter. The tenacity of polyester fiber is better than cotton and spandex. The study focused on predicting knit fabric bursting strength test value using different fibers (cotton, polyester, and spandex) with varying percentages of the blend ratio. This study used fifteen categories of blended fabrics. The Pearson Correlation and the hypothetical ANOVA regression analysis were conducted to do the statistical significance test. The experimental result reveals that the bursting strength test result increased with the increased percentage of polyester and suggested a suitable regression equation. The dominance of the polyester fiber was observed throughout the experiment, i.e., the higher the polyester blend proportion, the higher the bursting strength value. The inclusion of polyester in blends can reduce the cost of fabric. The developed prediction model or equation can help the fabric manufacturer make appropriate decisions regarding getting the expected bursting strength. The researcher hopes that the findings from this study will motivate new researchers, advanced researchers, and the textile manufacturing industry. Polyester ; Bursting ; Composite material ; Materials science ; Fiber ; Izod impact strength test ; Synthetic fiber ; Ultimate tensile strength Textile materials and evaluations ; Mechanical Engineering and Vibrations Research ; Color perception and design