jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Khaled Aliqab | Meshari Alsharari | Spyridon Nektarios Daskalakis | Ammar Armghan
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-09-26)
Field: Materials Science — Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Exploiting hafnium nitride nanostructures for polarization-insensitive and wideband infrared absorption Investigating new plasmonic materials for the design of nanostructured absorbers is in high demand. This study explores the possibility of using transition metal nitride, HfN, in the implementation of an infrared nanostructured absorber. To design and analyze a broadband absorber, a simple and easily fabricable HfN-based circular ring is mounted over a dielectric substrate with a metal backing. The designed HfN-based metasurface absorber manifests a good absorption characteristic, maintaining an absorption rate above 90% over the wide operational wavelength range of 700 nm to 1700 nm. When the incident angles of the optical light are changed from normal to higher values, the absorption characteristics of the metasurface absorber remain stable and even at θ = 60°, it shows a reasonable absorption rate of over 70%. Furthermore, it also performs insensitive behavior to the varying polarization angles owing to its inherent four-fold symmetry. Additionally, the multi-reflection cavity model has been used to validate the simulation results of the metasurface absorber. Its broad absorption bandwidth, mechanical stability, and thermal robustness make it a promising material for thermophotovoltaics and solar cells applications. Thermophotovoltaic ; Wideband ; Plasmon ; Broadband ; Absorption (acoustics) ; Dielectric ; Polarization (electrochemistry) ; Nitride ; Infrared Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research ; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies
Authors: Xun Tang | Min Ni | Xiao Guo | Jiayao Liu | Shanshuo Liu | Dan Huang
Source: Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods (article, 2025-01-22)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Rapid identification of the volatile markers in lotus seed using headspace-gas chromatography ion-mobility spectrometry To rapidly identify the volatile markers in lotus seeds, this research compared the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of five lotus seed samples using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy (GC-IMS) and chemometric analysis. The results revealed that 49 VOCs were identified from the lotus seed samples, including 16 aldehydes, 15 alcohols, 8 ketones, 3 esters, 3 acids, 3 terpenes, and 1 heterocyclic compound, respectively. Among these, 1-pentanol M, 2-methylbutan-1-ol M, 2-methylbutan-1-ol D, and 1-hexanol M were identified as the volatile markers. Based on the VOC analysis using GC-IMS, effective differentiation of lotus seeds was achieved through chemometric techniques, such as principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). 2-furaldehyde D, hexanoic acid D, and 1-propanol M were found to be the most important components contributing to the differences among the five lotus seed samples. This research demonstrates that GC-IMS coupled with chemometric analysis provides valuable reference information for the identification and authenticity evaluation of lotus seeds, helping ensure their quality on the market and offering theoretical support for their identification and quality assessment. Ion-mobility spectrometry ; Mass spectrometry ; Chromatography ; Chemistry ; Lotus ; Gas chromatography ; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry ; Ion ; Botany ; Organic chemistry ; Biology Chromatography in Natural Products ; Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography ; Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysis
Authors: Johann Dierks | Eike U. Brockmann | Paula-Anahi Arias-Loza | Thomas Bocklitz | Peter Nordbeck | Kristina Lorenz | Elen Tolstik | Sven Heiles
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2025-12-01)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Automatic colocalization of high resolution MALDI MSI and Raman imaging applied to cardiac tissue of Fabry disease mouse models Abstract Understanding early molecular changes in biological tissues is crucial for diagnosing pathological and genetic diseases and for elucidating their underlying mechanisms. However, localized molecular alterations of low molecular-weight compounds are not inferred from conventional staining or genetic methods. Here, we established a multimodal imaging approach that integrates Raman spectroscopy and atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AP-MALDI MSI): two complementary, label-free techniques enabling molecular profiling of a broad spectrum of biomolecules from one single tissue section. This method was applied to detect Gb3 accumulation in heart tissue of murine models of Fabry disease, including mice deficient in α-galactosidase A (GLA) activity (GLA knock-out) and transgenic mice with a GLA knock-out and an upregulation of globotriaosylceramides (Gb3) synthase. With AP-MALDI MSI we were able to discern the heterogenous expression of Gb3 lipoforms with down to 5 µm pixel size and reveal the significantly increased Gb3 content in mice containing a GLA knock-out combined with human Gb3 synthase overexpression compared to GLA knock-out and wild type samples. By employing Raman microscopy with a pixel size of 2 µm, we were able to contextualize the physiological alterations in cardiac tissue by identifying components associated with nuclei, tissue, collagen, and lipids for the same three genotypes. An automated co-localization algorithm aligned Raman and AP-MALDI-MSI data from the same tissue section with (5.1 ± 1.6) µm precision, enabling overlay at 5 µm and 2 µm resolution. The method resolved heterogeneous Gb3 distributions and distinct lipid species in cardiac mouse tissue. Mass spectrometry imaging ; Colocalization ; Fabry disease ; MALDI imaging ; Microscopy ; Raman spectroscopy ; Globotriaosylceramide ; Molecular imaging ; Autofluorescence ; Transgene Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research ; Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
Authors: О. А. Kornienko
Source: Visnik Nacional noi academii nauk Ukrai ni (article, 2025-08-26)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Фізико-хімічні основи створення нових функціональних матеріалів на основі оксидів рідкісноземельних елементів У доповіді наведено актуальні результати фундаментальних досліджень, проведених науковцями Інституту проблем матеріалознавства ім. I.М. Францевича НАН України, з вивчення фазових рівноваг у багатокомпонентних оксидних системах рідкісноземельних елементів та створення нових матеріалів на їх основі. Актуальність цих робіт зумовлена перспективністю застосування таких матеріалів у фотоніці, оптоелектроніці, сонячній енергетиці, медицині тощо. Як цитувати: Корнієнко О.А. Фізико-хімічні основи створення нових функціональних матеріалів на основі оксидів рідкісноземельних елементів (стенограма доповіді на засіданні Президії НАН України 4 червня 2025 р.). Вісник НАН України. 2025. № 8. С. 53—58. https://doi.org/10.15407/visn2025.08.053 Political science Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials ; Perovskite Materials and Applications ; Nuclear materials and radiation effects
Authors: Vladimir A. Vasilyev | Anna S. Resnyanskaya
Source: Processes and Food Production Equipment (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Synchronized scanning fluorescence spectra method for grape seed oil authenticity identification Fluorescence spectroscopy (SF spectroscopy) is one of the most sensitive and inexpensive methods for operational screening of counterfeits. The article analyses the method of simultaneous emission and excitation spectrum scanning for the identification of direct-press grape seed oil. Four samples of Russian-made grape seed oil were analyzed by SF spectroscopy method. The results showed that SF spectroscopy allows not only to identify individual compounds in the structure of the grape seed oil matrix, but also to separate their isomers. The most informative data were obtained at an energy degradation value (∆hem–∆hexcl) of from to 30 and 60 nm. At the same time, in the samples of genuine oils, there was a clear differentiation of maxima for tocopherols and tocotrienols λmax = 287 nm and 305 nm, respectively. At ∆h30 and λmax = 283 nm and 305 nm at ∆h40 nm, no peak separation occurred in the adulterants. Similar band separation was observed for the isomers of chlorophyll  (λmax = 633nm) and chlorophyll β (λmax = 668 nm) at ∆h40 nm. There were no peaks of chlorophyll, carotenoids, and cinnamic acids in the falsified samples. The most informative was the analysis of the full spectrum of synchronous fluorescence scanning (TSFS) with a scan step of ∆h10. Thus, SF spectroscopy allows operational screening of counterfeiting grape-seed oil and analogous food products. Identification (biology) ; Fluorescence ; Environmental science ; Chromatography ; Analytical Chemistry (journal) ; Botany ; Biology ; Chemistry ; Physics ; Optics Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
Source: International journal of intelligent engineering and systems (article, 2025-12-19)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Improving the Accuracy of Classification and Detection of Coconut Fruit Quality based on the Integration of the EfficientNet-YOLO Hybrid Model with Spatial-coordinate Attention In the field of coconut quality assessment, some 20-30% of coconuts are wrongly classified as good, bad, or intermediate due to manual sorting systems that are subjective and inconsistent.The proposed research aims to fill the gap by developing a hybrid architecture of EfficientNet-You Only Look Once (YOLO) and Spatial-Coordinate Attention for automated coconut quality assessment and classification.Based on a 9,500-sample coconut dataset, the proposed model achieved exceptional results: 98.04% accuracy, 98.13% precision, 98.04% recall, 98.06% F-1 score, and 99.83% Area Under the Curve (AUC), with the coconuts classified as Good, Intermediate, or Bad.The architecture-with-junctions Spatial Attention, Channel Attention, and Coordinated Attention in real-time setter hybrid EfficientNetB4 with YOLOv5 was unprecedented.Furthermore, the ablation study results indicated that the proposed YOLO model fusion contributed to a remarkable 27.86 percentage point increase in baseline performance, while the Spatial-Coordinate Attention gave a 0.34 percentage point increase.With 0.0468 sec inference, 0.9 MB memory specification, and 22.56 efficiency score, the model shows real-time applicability in automated sorting and robotic harvest systems. Quality (philosophy) ; Hybrid system ; Pattern recognition (psychology) ; Hybrid learning Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Coconut Research and Applications ; Date Palm Research Studies
Authors: Yuri dos Reis Oliveira | Eduardo Costa da Silva | Carlos Roberto Hall Barbosa
Source: Electronics Letters (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

CNN Classifier for Pollution Level in Glass Insulators Operating at High Voltage Alternating Current ABSTRACT This paper aims at developing a level of pollution severity (LPS) classifier for insulators, using a database of corona ultraviolet (UV) images and a computational intelligence algorithm based on convolutional neural networks, considering three different levels of pollution: very weak, weak and moderate. The obtained results show that the developed classifier reached high accuracy (98.57%) and low logarithmic loss values (0.059), indicating that it has a good capability to deal with the proposed classification task. Alternating current ; Voltage ; Pollution ; Current (fluid) ; Electrical engineering ; Materials science ; Computer science ; Electronic engineering ; Environmental science ; Optoelectronics ; Engineering High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation ; Electrical Fault Detection and Protection
Authors: Herbsleb, Louisa | Wild, David | Gröger, Henriette | Schubert, Tim | Steyer, Anna Maria | Hennies, Julian | Alves, Frauke | Feldmann, Claus | Walter, Andreas
Source: Repository KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

3D correlative light and electron microscopy reveals the uptake and processing of inorganic-organic hybrid nanoparticles into cancer cells Nanomedicine ; Confocal ; Endocytosis ; Microscopy ; Electron microscope ; Cancer cell ; Fluorescence microscope ; Nanoparticle Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery ; Nanocluster Synthesis and Applications ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
Authors: Pedro Villar | J.A. Casado | David Fernández Llorca | Pedro Sanchez | Siham Tabik
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (preprint, 2025-02-11)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

DiatomNet: An automatic Diatom genus identification system through microscopic images and Deep Learning ABSTRACT Diatoms are microscopic organisms belonging to the algae kingdom. They adapt to the ecosystem and modify their shape and texture depending on hundreds of ecosystem variables. Hence, these micro-organism are considered as the most accurate indicator to measure water quality. Commonly, the recognition of the class of diatoms in a microscopic image has always been done by expert biologists knowledgeable about the morphometric characteristics of these organisms. This work proposes a new automatic diatom genus recognition system from microscopic images using state-of-the-art deep CNNs. In particular, 1) we developed a public high quality database organized into 44 genus-level diatom classes, 2) designed a robust diatom classification model, and 3) provided a user-friendly interface to utilize our automatic diatom recognition tool. Diatom ; Genus ; Identification (biology) ; Artificial intelligence ; Deep learning ; Computer science ; Biology ; Zoology ; Ecology Diatoms and Algae Research
Authors: O. E. Kvitnitskaya | Luminita Harnagea | Oleh Feia | D. V. Efremov | B. Büchner | Yu. G. Naĭdyuk
Source: ArXiv.org (preprint, 2025-05-28)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Observation of resistive switching and diode effect in the conductivity of TiTe2 point contacts We measured the I(V) and dV/dI(V) characteristics of TiTe2-based point contacts (PCs) from room to helium temperatures. Features indicating the emergence of a charge density wave (CDW) were detected. They represent symmetrical relatively V=0 maxima in dV/dI(V) around 150 mV at liquid helium temperatures, which disappear above 150 K, similar to the case of sister CDW compound TiSe2. Applying higher voltages above 200 mV, we observed resistive switching in TiTe2 PCs from a metallic-like low-resistance state to non-metallic type high-resistance state with a change of resistance by an order of magnitude. A unique diode-like effect was registered in "soft" TiTe2 PCs with hysteretic I(V) at negative voltage on TiTe2. Discovering the resistive switching and diode effect adds TiTe2 to the transition-metal dichalcogenides, which could be useful in developing non-volatile ReRAM and other upcoming nanotechnologies. Resistive touchscreen ; Diode ; Resistive random-access memory ; Voltage ; Conductivity ; Point (geometry) ; Helium 2D Materials and Applications ; Advanced Memory and Neural Computing ; Phase-change materials and chalcogenides
Authors: Korede Ogundare | Felix Ale | Ilesanmi Daniyan | Olatunbosun Yusuf | John Momoh | Adefemi Adeodu
Source: NIPES Journal of Science and Technology Research (article, 2025-10-20)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Investigation of the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Carbon Fiber Impregnated with Groundnut Shell Bio-composite The growing demand for sustainable materials has prompted significant interest in bio-composites that blend natural and synthetic components. This study investigates the mechanical and thermal properties of hybrid composites made from carbon fiber and groundnut shell, an agricultural by-product. Five composite samples with varying ratios of carbon fiber (CBF) and groundnut shell (GNS) were prepared using epoxy resin as the matrix. Standard tests were conducted to measure tensile strength, impact resistance, hardness, thermal conductivity, and degradation temperature. Results showed that increasing the carbon fiber content significantly enhanced tensile strength between 120.63 to 300.31 MPa, impact resistance from 29.98 to 70.04 J/m², and hardness from 70.23 to 90.23 D. Therefore, higher carbon fiber concentrations also improved thermal conductivity (0.21–0.41 W/mK) and degradation temperature (263.52–339.65°C). In contrast, groundnut shell contributed to sustainability but demonstrated lower mechanical properties. The findings suggest that carbon fiber-groundnut shell composites can be tailored for applications requiring high strength and thermal stability, or for eco-friendly solutions where performance is less critical. This study provides a foundation for future development of high-performance sustainable composites. Ultimate tensile strength ; Shell (structure) ; Composite number ; Thermal conductivity ; Epoxy ; Carbon fibers ; Fiber Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Fiber-reinforced polymer composites ; Advanced ceramic materials synthesis
Authors: Kirill Y. Massalov | E. Yu. Moshchenskaya
Source: Вестник Самарского государственного технического университета Серия Физико-математические науки (article, 2025-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Построение модели для прогнозирования двух- и трехкомпонентных неорганических систем в водных растворах спектральным анализом Представлен алгоритм и разработанная на его основе программа, реализующая методы математического моделирования для анализа спектральных данных, построения прогностической модели и выбора оптимальных спектральных интервалов при проектировании мультисенсорных систем на основе светодиодов. Алгоритм прошел апробацию на реальных смесях водных растворов неорганических солей. Для обработки экспериментальных данных применялись методы многомерной калибровки, включая PLS-регрессию и множественную линейную регрессию. Информативные длины волн определялись с использованием значений вектора Шепли, после чего методом перебора была найдена оптимальная комбинация спектральных интервалов. Разработанная модель позволяет прогнозировать состав двух- и трехкомпонентных систем в водных растворах солей металлов с использованием ограниченного спектрального диапазона вместо полного видимого спектра. Проведенная кросс-валидация продемонстрировала сопоставимое качество новой модели по сравнению с полноспектральными аналогами, подтвердив ее адекватность и практическую применимость. Political science Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Fault Detection and Control Systems
Authors: Abbas Guvalov | Mahir Dursun
Source: Applied Sciences (article, 2025-11-21)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Increase of Efficient at Aerated Concrete Compositions Based on Mineral Powders Autoclaved aerated concrete has been widely used in recent years and has gradually begun to replace classical concrete systems. In this paper, the optimal compositions of D500 and D600 autoclaved aerated concrete, which are widely used as structural and insulation materials with low cement consumption, were determined using mathematical regression models. The data obtained from the experimental results were converted into a dataset in the Matlab program, and optimization was performed to achieve maximum strength and minimum cement consumption. This study identified the stages of the process for developing and adjusting the properties of an efficient autoclaved aerated concrete composition using a cement matrix with the addition of various microfillers. The amount of components and mineral and chemical additives in the composition of autoclaved aerated concrete was optimized. With the application of carbonate filler and microsilica, aerated concrete compositions with an average density of 500 and 600 kg/m3 and a strength of 1.1–2.24 MPa were developed, which correspond to the D500 brand in terms of density and D600 to B1–B2 in terms of strength class. As a result of this study, it was determined that despite a 16.4% decrease in cement consumption when various microfillers were added to the cement matrix, the compressive strength of the D600 brand aerated concrete at 7 days was 1.35 MPa, and at 28 days, it was 2.25 MPa. Since the prepared aerated concrete composition is more efficient than traditional porous concrete, it can be widely used in the production of lightweight structures and insulation blocks. This research supports the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure), Goal 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and Goal 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), by promoting the development of resource-efficient and environmentally sustainable building materials. Autoclaved aerated concrete ; Cement ; Compressive strength ; Aeration ; Superplasticizer ; Filler (materials) Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications ; Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials ; Aerogels and thermal insulation
Authors: Laura Rodrı́guez
Source: ChemistryEurope (article, 2025-11-20)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Lighting the Way: Supramolecular Luminescent Chemosensors for a Safer Environment In this Guest Editorial, the special issue of ChemistryEurope on supramolecular luminescent chemosensors (LCs) is presented, showcasing selected contributions from members of the COST Action LUCES (CA22131). LCs are a versatile means to sensitively and selectively detect pollutants and biologically relevant molecules. Recent advances in this rapidly growing field include molecular receptors and nanostructured assemblies, as well as device integration and data‐driven sensing. Articles in this issue highlight a range of innovations within European collaborations fostered by LUCES, demonstrating the Action's focus on translating fundamental findings from the laboratory into real‐life solutions to environmental and societal needs. SAFER ; Supramolecular chemistry ; Action (physics) ; Focus (optics) Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection ; Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials ; Supramolecular Chemistry and Complexes