jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Xinxin Liu | Pengxiang Li | Pan Shang | Jing Lu | Kai Ai | Xiaowen Ma
Source: Frontiers in Oncology (article, 2026-02-02)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Magnetic resonance imaging differentiating benign from malignant bone and soft tissue tumors and assessing Ki-67 expression using APT and DWI tools The MR APT sequence has high qualitative diagnostic efficiency in differentiating benign and malignant bone and soft tissue tumors (when the cutoff value is 3.6%, the sensitivity is 72.41% and the specificity is 95%); the combination of APT, ADC and EADC can improve the diagnostics specificity; the APT value is positively correlated with Ki-67 expression (r = 0.546, P = .002), and can be used as a non-invasive imaging marker to evaluate the proliferative activity of bone and soft tissue tumors. These results need to be further verified by large-sample and multi-center studies. Soft tissue ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Cutoff ; Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI ; Diffusion MRI ; Value (mathematics) Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes ; Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism ; MRI in cancer diagnosis
Authors: E. I. Titova | A. Titchenko | M. Titova | K. Shein | A. Kuksov | A. Sobolev | M. Kashchenko | M. Kravtsov | L. Elesin | K. S. Novoselov | G. Goltsman | D. A. Svintsov | I. Gayduchenko | D. A. Bandurin
Source: arXiv (Cornell University) (article, 2026-03-03)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Graphene Zero-Bias Sub-Terahertz Turnkey Detector with Above 43 GHz Bandwidth High-frequency terahertz (THz) detectors are vital for next-generation high-speed wireless communication systems. Graphene, with its high carrier mobility, broadband absorption, and weak electron-phonon coupling, offers great promise for ultra-fast THz photothermoelectric devices. Although graphene-based detectors in the infrared range have shown bandwidths above 500 GHz, extending their operation to the THz range is difficult because long-wavelength radiation does not efficiently couple to the small graphene area. To overcome this issue, THz antennas are often employed; however, their use typically limits system performance to only a few gigahertz due to parasitic effects. In this work, we present an antenna-coupled sub-THz graphene detector with a bandwidth exceeding 43 GHz. We optimized the detector design to minimize losses, match the antenna impedance to the 1 kOhm graphene channel, and maintain zero-bias operation. Importantly, we introduce a compact, turnkey packaged solution. Our results provide a practical route toward high-speed and low-power graphene THz detectors suitable for real-world communication and imaging applications. Terahertz radiation ; Detector ; Broadband ; Bandwidth (computing) ; Turnkey ; Graphene ; DESY Graphene research and applications ; Terahertz technology and applications ; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research
Authors: Guodong Gai | Franck Plouraboué | Anthony Wachs
Source: Journal of Fluid Mechanics (article, 2026-01-09)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Capturing the motion of a pair of elastic capsules in a shear flow: emergent nonlinear hydrodynamic ordering Low Reynolds number hydrodynamic interactions are generally considered both deterministic and reversible due to their linearity. However, the role of soft interactions in deformable suspensions drives nonlinear effects with ambiguous consequences. On the one hand, nonlinearities can be responsible for soft chaos, i.e. long-time apparent randomisation resulting from sensitivity to initial conditions. On the other hand, they can also drive steady streaming and/or drifting effects leading to alignment and ordering. Here, we conduct a comprehensive study on the binary interaction of elastic capsules positioned in different shear planes using high-fidelity particle-resolved simulations. The effects of alignment angle, inter-surface distance, capillary number and size ratio are systematically explored. Based on interaction stability, three regimes are identified: leapfrog, minuet and a novel capturing regime. Unlike leapfrog and minuet motions, where the satellite capsule ultimately escapes from the reference capsule, the capturing motion forms a stable doublet aligned along the vorticity direction. We reveal that capturing is a gentle interaction, which induces only minimal deformation and stress. The mechanism underlying the capturing regime is attributed to the interplay between periodic oscillations induced by the central capsule and steady drift along the vorticity direction. Harmonic analysis of interaction frequencies further underscores the nonlinearity inherent to this dynamics. Extending beyond binary systems, we show that this mechanism relays into ternary alignment, suggesting a generic route to chain formation, demonstrating that nonlinear hydrodynamic interactions alone can drive spontaneous ordering of deformable particles. Nonlinear system ; Vorticity ; Reynolds number ; Vortex ; Shear (geology) ; Binary number ; Shear flow ; Immersed boundary method Block Copolymer Self-Assembly ; Blood properties and coagulation ; Material Dynamics and Properties
Authors: Bernadeta Videlsia Ikun | Syahrir Syahrir | Nila Restu Wardani | Muhajirin Dean
Source: International Journal Of Health Science (article, 2026-02-11)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Secondary Metabolite Identification and Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Coconut Husk (Cocos nucifera L.) Against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 Secondary metabolites are bioactive compounds commonly found in plants and have potential as natural antibacterial agents. Coconut coir (Cocos nucifera Linnaeus), an abundant agricultural by-product, is known to contain various secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds, which have been reported to possess antibacterial properties. Escherichia coli is a pathogenic bacterium that frequently causes human infections and has shown increasing resistance to several antibiotics, highlighting the need for alternative antibacterial sources. Inconsistencies in previous studies regarding the antibacterial activity of coconut coir against E. coli indicate the necessity for further investigation. This study aimed to identify the secondary metabolite content and evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of coconut coir against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. This study was an in vitro laboratory experimental study with a descriptive–experimental approach. Identification of secondary metabolites was conducted qualitatively using phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract of coconut coir. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the disc diffusion method with a post-test only control group design against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. The phytochemical screening results demonstrated that the ethanol extract of coconut coir contained flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and polyphenols. However, the antibacterial activity test showed no inhibition zones at all tested concentrations of the ethanol extract against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. These findings indicate that although the ethanol extract of coconut coir contains several secondary metabolites, it does not exhibit antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 when tested using the disc diffusion method. Antibacterial activity ; Escherichia coli ; Phytochemical ; Secondary metabolite ; Husk ; Cocos nucifera ; Coir Coconut Research and Applications ; Medicinal Plant Research ; Natural Products and Applications
Authors: Alangcao J.K | J Bergado | J. Carelo | J.A Dela Villa | A. Guinto | G.R. Maldepena | R Quinanola
Source: International Journal of Progressive Research in Science and Engineering (article, 2026-03-31)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Formulation of Eco-Crayons Using Organic Pigments and Natural Waxes (Soy Wax, Palm Wax, and Beeswax) This study, titled Formulation of Eco-Crayons Using Organic Pigments from Botanical Flowers and Natural Waxes such as Soy Wax, Palm Wax, and Beeswax, aimed to develop safe, sustainable, and non-toxic alternatives to conventional petroleum-based crayons. Using an experimental design, the research evaluated the durability and color vibrancy of eco-crayons made with natural pigments from rose (red), butterfly pea (blue), and sunflower (yellow), combined with soy wax, palm wax, and beeswax. Durability was assessed through a drop test, while color intensity and consistency were measured with a colorimeter. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA to determine significant differences among the wax formulations. Results showed that beeswax produced the most durable crayons with a smooth texture, soy wax provided the most vibrant and consistent color but was soft and easily breakable, and palm wax was smooth but exhibited weaker color release and lower durability. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences at the 0.05 significance level. The study concludes that natural waxes and botanical pigments can produce high-quality, eco-friendly crayons suitable for young learners, emphasizing the integration of safety and sustainability in educational materials and promoting innovation in environmentally conscious art product. Wax ; Beeswax ; Palm ; Cosmetics ; Pigment ; Durability Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Botanical Research and Applications ; Advanced Cellulose Research Studies
Authors: James N. Cobley
Source: ArXiv.org (article, 2026-02-09)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Oxi-Shapes: Tropical geometric analysis of bounded redox proteomic state spaces Redox proteomics generates bounded biochemical measurements that are categorically mismatched to conventional linear algebraic formalisms. This work introduces Oxi-Shapes, a tropical geometric framework for the measurement-native analysis of bounded redox proteomic data. Oxi-Shapes represents cysteine oxidation as a scalar field over a discrete lattice, enabling global and site-wise analysis without rescaling, interpolation, or kinetic assumptions. At the global level, the framework yields internal redox entropy, lattice curvature, and derived energy functionals that characterise the geometric structure of the redox proteome. At the site level, Oxi-Shapes defines a bounded change space that makes explicit hard geometric constraints on admissible redox transitions and enables a normalised signed representation of site-wise change as a fraction of available redox freedom. Applied to an ageing mouse brain dataset, Oxi-Shapes reveals that a small decrease in mean oxidation arises from a profound redistribution of site-wise redox states, with thousands of residues shifting toward the reduced absorbing boundary. These results demonstrate that categorically correct algebraic representations expose structure in proteomic data that is inaccessible to mean-centric or unbounded analyses. Bounded function ; Redox ; Scalar (mathematics) ; Representation (politics) ; Algebraic number ; Scalar field ; Redistribution (election) Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Redox biology and oxidative stress ; Protein Structure and Dynamics
Authors: Shane A. Luzica | Edna B. Nabua | Dexter M. Clamohoy | Mitch Reynyl R. Lao-Lao
Source: International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (article, 2026-01-01)
Field: Chemistry — Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

Exploring Conceptual Difficulties in the Periodic Table of Elements: A Standardized Diagnostic Approach for Secondary Learners The Periodic Table of Elements represents a cornerstone of chemistry education, yet secondary learners frequently demonstrate persistent misconceptions and knowledge gaps in its fundamental concepts. This study sought to develop and validate a research-based diagnostic assessment tool to evaluate Grade 10 learners’ content knowledge across selected Periodic Table competencies. Employing a descriptive research design, the instrument underwent rigorous expert validation, pilot testing, readability analysis, item analysis, and standardization to ensure its reliability and suitability for classroom application. The finalized diagnostic test was administered to Grade 10 learners from selected public high schools. Findings indicated that learners’ overall content knowledge ranged from low to moderate, with none of the assessed competencies achieving full mastery. Among the competencies, determining the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons emerged as the least mastered, followed by explaining the organization of elements and periodic trends. In contrast, tracing the historical development of the Periodic Table was the most successfully demonstrated competency, suggesting that learners perform comparatively better on descriptive, recall-based tasks than on conceptual and application-oriented challenges. These results underscore enduring conceptual difficulties in atomic structure and periodic reasoning, emphasizing the need for instructional strategies that promote deep conceptual understanding and analytical thinking. The validated diagnostic assessment tool provides educators with a robust and systematic means to identify learning gaps, address misconceptions, and inform targeted instructional planning in secondary chemistry education. Readability ; Table (database) ; Standardization ; Compendium ; Cornerstone ; Test (biology) ; Concept learning ; Science education History and advancements in chemistry ; Science Education and Pedagogy ; Various Chemistry Research Topics
Authors: Felix Ballani
Source: ArXiv.org (article, 2026-01-26)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

The generalised balanced power diagram: flat sections, affine transformations and an improved rendering algorithm The generalised balanced power diagram (GBPD) is regarded in the literature as a suitable geometric model for describing polycrystalline microstructures with curved grain boundaries. This article compiles properties of GBPDs with regard to affine transformations and flat sections. Furthermore, it extends an algorithm known for power diagrams for generating digital images, which is more efficient than the usual brute force approach, on GBPDs. Affine transformation ; Rendering (computer graphics) ; Power (physics) ; Affine shape adaptation ; Power diagram ; Power index ; Affine combination Quasicrystal Structures and Properties ; Manufacturing Process and Optimization ; Material Selection and Properties
Authors: Yuesheng Gui | Xiaowan Fan | Kairui Xiao | Junyue Xing | Zhiyuan Niu | Y Wang | Weining Yuan | Jia Shen | Yingchao Shi | Xiaolei Cheng | Yu Han | Zhen Li | Hao Tang
Source: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology (article, 2026-02-12)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Bioinspired cardiac-targeted metal-organic framework nanozyme for modulating inflammatory responses in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction This study develops a novel cardiac-targeted nanozyme that effectively ameliorates key pathologies in experimental HFpEF. Its therapeutic action involves a dual mechanism: direct ROS scavenging and modulation of the SOCS3-IRS1-AKT2 signaling axis to improve insulin resistance. These findings highlight the potential of multifunctional nanozymes as a promising strategy for tackling the complex pathophysiology of HFpEF. Inflammation ; Pathophysiology ; Heart failure ; Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction ; Signal transduction ; Dual (grammatical number) ; Mechanism (biology) Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics ; Cardiac Fibrosis and Remodeling
Authors: Slađan Pavlović | Gisele Cristina Fávero | Mustafa Canli
Source: Frontiers in Physiology (article, 2026-03-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Editorial: Redox Physiology in Fish redox balance, and serves as a sensitive biomarker system for assessing oxidative stress and metal 39 exposure in aquatic organisms (Atli and Canli, 2008). 40The articles collected in this Research Topic contribute to the growing body of knowledge on 41 oxidative stress physiology in fish exposed to diverse environmental challenges. The studies address 42 several important aspects of redox biology, including pollutant-induced oxidative stress, 43 consequences of contaminant exposure, and the potential protective effects of natural 44 bioactive compounds. Together, these contributions highlight the importance of integrating 45 molecular, biochemical, and physiological approaches in order to better understand the responses of 46 fish to environmental pressures.A number of studies examine the impact of nanomaterials, such as titanium dioxide 48 nanoparticles (TDNPs), whose increasing industrial use raises concerns for aquatic life. We thank authors of the papers published in this research topic for their valuable contributions and 115 the referees for their rigorous review. 116 117Publisher's Note 118 All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent 119 those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors, and the reviewers. Any 120 product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not 121 guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. 122 Fish <Actinopterygii> ; Oxidative stress ; Redox ; Oxidation reduction ; Aquatic animal ; Fish physiology ; Aquatic environment Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology ; Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis
Authors: Satia Zaputra | Usman Sartoyo | Yudhi Hermawan
Source: RIGGS Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business (article, 2026-01-31)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Numerical Optimization of Electric Field Characteristics in FGM Solid Insulators Electric field concentration in solid insulation is a critical issue because it can accelerate dielectric degradation, reduce insulation reliability, and increase the possibility of local electrical stress in high-voltage applications. Functionally graded material (FGM) has been widely investigated as an effective method for electric field grading through controlled spatial permittivity distribution. This study aims to optimize the electric field characteristics of FGM solid insulators using a numerical simulation approach. A cylindrical coaxial insulator model consisting of a central high-voltage conductor and five concentric dielectric layers was analyzed under three relative permittivity configurations, namely homogeneous, small-big (SB), and big-small (BS). The simulation was carried out at an applied voltage of 150 kV, and the performance of each configuration was evaluated using the maximum electric field, minimum electric field, average electric field, and electric field grading index. The results show that the permittivity distribution significantly affects the radial electric field profile and local field enhancement in critical regions. The BS-type FGM exhibited the best performance, with the lowest maximum electric field of 3.741 kV/mm and the highest electric field grading index of 81.25%, compared with 5.099 kV/mm and 58.85% for the homogeneous insulator, and 6.921 kV/mm and 42.78% for the SB-type FGM. These findings confirm that numerical simulation is effective for identifying suitable FGM configurations to reduce electric field concentration and improve field grading performance in solid insulators. Electric field ; Permittivity ; Insulator (electricity) ; Dielectric ; Electric susceptibility ; Conductor ; Voltage ; Relative permittivity High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena ; Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation ; Dielectric materials and actuators
Authors: Umut Çakır | Noujoud Gabed | Yelda Kaya | Vagner A. Benedito | Marie A. Brunet | Xavier Roucou | Igor Kryvoruchko
Source: bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (article, 2026-03-10)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Loss-of-function phenomics, ncORFs, and ambiguity of mutant phenotypes in Medicago truncatula Non-canonical open reading frames (ncORFs) are an emerging area of research that is quickly gaining momentum. Many peptides and proteins missed in initial annotation efforts (ncProts) were subsequently shown to be crucial for a wide range of biological processes. The discovery of ncORFs continues to improve the accuracy of loss-of-function studies because they often occupy the same genomic spaces as annotated ORFs. While databases of mutant phenotypes linked to genomic loci exist in a few species, none of these databases integrate the information on ncORFs present in already characterized loci. In this study, we introduce a nearly comprehensive loss-of-function phenomics dataset of Medicago truncatula (673 loci characterized over the past 30 years), which was integrated as a new track into the genome browser of this organism. This dataset helped critically analyze the potential contribution of ncORFs to published phenotypes. We detected mass spectrometry (MS)-validated ncORFs in 10 characterized genes, including major regulators of development and symbiotic relationships. We also found conserved ncORFs in 113 characterized genes, including four genes with highly conserved ncORFs. In some studies, the contribution of these ncORFs can be ruled out, while in others it cannot. Using real examples, we systematized ambiguities associated with ncORFs. Furthermore, we highlighted little-known trans effects of insertional mutagenesis on splicing as contributors to that ambiguity. Finally, our meta-analysis of published phenotypes revealed that different protein classes have significantly different (unique) proportions of unconditional, conditional, and neutral phenotypes, potentially reflecting their relative functional importance. Medicago truncatula ; Phenotype ; Phenomics ; Genome ; Gene ; Mutant ; Insertional mutagenesis ; Genomics ; Mutagenesis ; Open reading frame Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Biochemical and Structural Characterization ; Machine Learning in Bioinformatics
Authors: Shuhan Zou | Xianmei Yuan | Ziqi Wang | Shang-Gao Liao
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology (article, 2026-03-09)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Eubacterium sp. mediates the anti-obesity effect of lotus leaf extract via brown adipose tissue activation and white fat browning <i>Nelumbinis</i> folium [Nelumbonaceae; <i>Nelumbo nucifera</i> Gaertn.] is a traditional Chinese medicine. Although studies have reported the efficacy of lotus leaf in weight management, the underlying molecular pathways necessitate further studies. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of lotus leaf on gut microbiota and their metabolites, especially long-chain fatty acids (LCFA), and measure how the effects of lotus leaf on gut microbiota help control obesity. The 12-week Lotus Leaf Extract (LLE) treatment mitigated weight gain, reduced liver and white adipose tissue mass, and activated brown adipose tissue in high-fat diet-induced obese mice, indicating enhanced energy metabolism. LLE reversed gut microbiota dysbiosis by enriching <i>Eubacterium</i> sp. in the gut. Microbiota transplantation indicated that <i>Eubacterium</i> sp. contributes to fat browning and thermogenesis, thereby alleviating host obesity, glucose homeostasis, dyslipidemia, and hepatic steatosis. In addition, <i>Eubacterium</i> sp. significantly increased the levels of margaroleic acid in mouse serum. In summary, the study found that lotus leaf extract can prevent obesity by modulating the gut microbiota, which in turn activates BAT activity and promotes the browning of WAT. Browning ; Gut flora ; White adipose tissue ; Lotus ; Lotus effect ; Adipose tissue ; Brown adipose tissue ; Lotus japonicus Chromatography in Natural Products ; Gut microbiota and health ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies