jablonkagroup/rise_ai_scientists huggingface dataset:
Authors: Silvana Alfei | Christopher Reggio | Guendalina Zuccari
Source: Cells (review, 2025-07-09)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Carbon Nanotubes as Excellent Adjuvants for Anticancer Therapeutics and Cancer Diagnosis: A Plethora of Laboratory Studies Versus Few Clinical Trials Encouraging discoveries and excellent advances in the fight against cancer have led to innovative therapies such as photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), drug targeting (DT), gene therapy (GT), immunotherapy (IT), and therapies that combine these treatments with conventional chemotherapy (CT). Furthermore, 2,041,910 new cancer cases and 618,120 cancer deaths have been estimated in the United States for the year 2025. The low survival rate (<50%) and poor prognosis of several cancers, despite aggressive treatments, are due to therapy-induced secondary tumorigenesis and the emergence of drug resistance. Moreover, serious adverse effects and/or great pain usually arise during treatments and/or in survivors, thus lowering the overall effectiveness of these cures. Although prevention is of paramount importance, novel anticancer approaches are urgently needed to address these issues. In the field of anticancer nanomedicine, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) could be of exceptional help due to their intrinsic, unprecedented features, easy functionalization, and large surface area, allowing excellent drug loading. CNTs can serve as drug carriers and as ingredients to engineer multifunctional platforms associated with diverse treatments for both anticancer therapy and diagnosis. The present review debates the most relevant advancements about the adjuvant role that CNTs could have in cancer diagnosis and therapy if associated with PTT, PDT, DT, GT, CT, and IT. Numerous sensing strategies utilising various CNT-based sensors for cancer diagnosis have been discussed in detail, never forgetting the still not fully clarified toxicological aspects that may derive from their extensive use. The unsolved challenges that still hamper the possible translation of CNT-based material in clinics, including regulatory hurdles, have been discussed to push scientists to focus on the development of advanced synthetic and purification work-up procedures, thus achieving more perfect CNTs for their safer real-life clinical use. Medicine ; Photothermal therapy ; Cancer ; Clinical trial ; Nanomedicine ; Adverse effect ; Nanotechnology ; Intensive care medicine ; Pharmacology ; Internal medicine ; Materials science Carbon Nanotubes in Composites ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
Authors: Xingyu Jiang | Saeed I. Khan | Ava C. Dykes | Eugen Stulz | Xunli Zhang
Source: Molecules (review, 2025-07-24)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Diverse Biomedical Applications Nanoparticles (NPs) synthesised through biogenic routes have emerged as a sustainable and innovative platform for biomedical applications such as antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, drug delivery, wound healing, and imaging diagnostics. Among these, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted significant attention due to their unique physicochemical properties and therapeutic potential. This review examines the biogenic synthesis of AgNPs, focusing on microbial, plant-based, and biomolecule-assisted approaches. It highlights how reaction conditions, such as pH, temperature, and media composition, influence nanoparticle size, shape, and functionality. Particular emphasis is placed on microbial synthesis for its eco-friendly and scalable nature. The mechanisms of AgNP formation and their structural impact on biomedical performance are discussed. Key applications are examined including antimicrobial therapies, cancer treatment, drug delivery, and theranostics. Finally, the review addresses current challenges, such as reproducibility, scalability, morphological control, and biosafety, and outlines future directions for engineering AgNPs with tailored properties, paving the way for sustainable and effective next-generation biomedical solutions. Nanotechnology ; Biosafety ; Drug delivery ; Silver nanoparticle ; Nanoparticle ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; Biochemical engineering ; Biotechnology ; Engineering ; Biology Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
Authors: Ayman Elbehiry | Adil Abalkhail
Source: Pharmaceuticals (review, 2025-08-13)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Antimicrobial Nanoparticles Against Superbugs: Mechanistic Insights, Biomedical Applications, and Translational Frontiers The accelerating threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) demands transformative strategies that go beyond conventional antibiotic therapies. Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as versatile antimicrobial agents, offering a combination of physical, chemical, and immunological mechanisms to combat multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Their small size, surface tunability, and ability to disrupt microbial membranes, generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and deliver antibiotics directly to infection sites position them as powerful tools for infection control. This narrative review explores the major classes, mechanisms of action, and biomedical applications of antimicrobial NPs-including their roles in wound healing, implant coatings, targeted drug delivery, inhalation-based therapies, and the treatment of intracellular infections. We also highlight the current landscape of clinical trials and evolving regulatory frameworks that govern the translation of these technologies into clinical practice. A distinctive feature of this review is its focus on the interplay between NPs and the human microbiota-an emerging frontier with significant implications for therapeutic efficacy and safety. Addressing this bidirectional interaction is essential for developing microbiota-informed, safe-by-design nanomedicines. Despite promising advances, challenges such as scalability, regulatory standardization, and long-term biosafety remain. With interdisciplinary collaboration and continued innovation, antimicrobial NPs could reshape the future of infectious disease treatment and help curb the growing tide of AMR. Antimicrobial ; Biosafety ; Antibiotic resistance ; Nanotechnology ; Medicine ; Antibiotics ; Intensive care medicine ; Biotechnology ; Biology ; Microbiology ; Materials science Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications ; Antimicrobial agents and applications ; Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
Authors: S. Shih | Li‐Chiang Lin
Source: Journal of the American Chemical Society (article, 2025-09-10)
Field: Chemistry — Inorganic Chemistry

Water Adsorption in Metal–Organic Frameworks: Characteristics, Mechanisms, and Structure–Property Relationships To address the increasingly limited water availability, using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to capture atmospheric water vapor as usable resources has emerged as a promising strategy. The adsorption characteristics of MOFs as well as their step pressure (i.e., the pressure when the steep rise in water uptake, if any, occurs) directly influence the amount of collectable water and thus their harvesting effectiveness. To date, a comprehensive understanding of water adsorption behaviors and how they are influenced by MOF properties remains lacking. This study addresses this gap by systematically investigating water adsorption in >200 strategically selected MOFs with diverse features. The results demonstrate that water adsorption in MOFs is highly complex, revealing various subtypes of both non-S-shaped and S-shaped isotherms. Moreover, among S-shaped isotherms, distinct phase behaviors that, in turn, govern different adsorption mechanisms and hydrogen-bonding environments are identified, as evidenced by analyses of their macrostate probability distributions (MPDs), thermodynamic stability limits, and grand potential free energy landscapes. Further structure-property analyses also uncover key design principles: A moderate heat of adsorption is critical for enabling S-shaped isotherms, while the size of pores critically modulates the steepness of the adsorption step by controlling the phase transition nature of confined water. The density and, more importantly, the uniformity of adsorption sites are found as well to dictate the step pressure. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive overview of diverse adsorption behaviors in MOFs as well as informs general design principles for the development of advanced adsorbents for atmospheric water harvesting. Adsorption ; USable ; Water vapor ; Phase (matter) ; Phase transition ; Mixed phase ; Gas phase Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications ; Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques ; Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
Authors: Virendra Kumar Yadav | Rachna Gupta | Abdullah Assiri | Jalal Uddin | Azfar Athar Ishaqui | Pankaj Kumar | Khalid Orayj | Shazia Tahira | Ashish Patel | Nisha Choudhary
Source: Journal of Functional Biomaterials (review, 2025-01-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Role of Nanotechnology in Ischemic Stroke: Advancements in Targeted Therapies and Diagnostics for Enhanced Clinical Outcomes Each year, the number of cases of strokes and deaths due to this is increasing around the world. This could be due to work stress, lifestyles, unhealthy food habits, and several other reasons. Currently, there are several traditional methods like thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy for managing strokes. The current approach has several limitations, like delayed diagnosis, limited therapeutic delivery, and risks of secondary injuries. So, there is a need for some effective and reliable methods for the management of strokes, which could help in early diagnosis followed by the treatment of strokes. Nanotechnology has played an immense role in managing strokes, and recently, it has emerged as a transformative solution offering innovative diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies. Nanoparticles (NPs) belonging to several classes, including metallic (metallic and metal oxide), organic (lipids, liposome), and carbon, can cross the blood-brain barrier and may exhibit immense potential for managing various strokes. Moreover, these NPs have exhibited promise in improving imaging specificity and therapeutic delivery by precise drug delivery and real-time monitoring of treatment efficacy. Nanomaterials like cerium oxide (CeO<sub>2</sub>) and liposome-encapsulated agents have neuroprotective properties that reduce oxidative stress and promote neuroregeneration. In the present article, the authors have emphasized the significant advancements in the nanomedicine management of stroke, including NPs-based drug delivery systems, neuroprotective and neuroregenerative therapies, and multimodal imaging advancements. Nanomedicine ; Drug delivery ; Neuroprotection ; Nanotechnology ; Medicine ; Nanocarriers ; Intensive care medicine ; Materials science ; Pharmacology ; Nanoparticle Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis ; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics ; Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
Authors: Stefanie D. Pritzl | Johannes Morstein | Nikolaj A. Pritzl | Jan Lipfert | Theobald Lohmüller | Dirk Trauner
Source: Communications Materials (review, 2025-04-01)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Photoswitchable phospholipids for the optical control of membrane processes, protein function, and drug delivery Recent insights into the function and composition of cell membranes have transformed our understanding from primarily viewing these structures as passive barriers to recognizing them as dynamic entities actively involved in many cellular functions. This review highlights advances in the photopharmacology of phospholipids, emphasizing in particular the role of diacylglycerophospholipids and the impact of their polymorphic nature on synthetic and cellular membrane properties and metabolic processes. We explore photoswitchable diacylglycerophospholipids, termed 'photolipids', which permit precise, reversible modifications of membrane properties via light-induced isomerization. The ability to optically switch phospholipid properties has potential applications in controlling membrane dynamics, protein function, and cellular signaling pathways, and offers promising strategies for drug delivery and treatment of diseases. Developments in azobenzene and hemithioindigo based photolipids are discussed, underscoring their utility in biomedical and biomaterial science applications due to their unique photophysical properties. Drug ; Function (biology) ; Drug delivery ; Membrane ; Chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Materials science ; Pharmacology ; Medicine ; Cell biology ; Biochemistry ; Biology Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry ; Photoreceptor and optogenetics research ; Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials
Authors: Alaa Mahmoud | Alaa A. El‐Sayed | Islam N. Fathy | Samer Fawzy | Mansour Alturki | Maged E. Elfakharany | Mohamed A. Abouelnour | K.A. Mahmoud | Hany A. Dahish | Soliman M ElTalawy | Islam M. Nabil
Source: Scientific Reports (article, 2025-07-26)
Field: Materials Science — Materials Chemistry

Evaluation of rice husk biochar influence as a partial cement replacement material on the physical, mechanical, microstructural, and radiation shielding properties of ordinary concrete This study investigated the viability of rice husk-derived biochar (RHB) as a partial substitute for cement in concrete. The used RHB, characterized by a novel chemical composition abundant in silicon and aluminum oxides, was incorporated into ordinary concrete at increasing substitution ratios up to 25% by cement weight. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted to assess the influence of RHB on various properties of concrete, including physical (setting time, standard consistency, workability), mechanical (compressive and tensile strength), microstructural (XRD, and EDX), and radiation shielding characteristics. The results indicated that RHB marginally increased cement setting time, with a maximum 7.14% increase observed at a 25% replacement level. However, it significantly increased water demand for standard consistency, reaching 35.7% at 25% replacement. The increased water demand correlated with a reduction in workability, with a maximum slump reduction rate of 57.3% at a 25% replacement level. The optimal replacement levels for mechanical strength enhancement were at 10% for compressive strength and 15% for tensile strength, achieving improvements of 13.74% and 9.48%, respectively. Additionally, Monte Carlo simulation code and PhyX software were employed for assessing gamma and fast neutron radiation attenuation characteristics of concrete. Gamma-ray attenuation tests revealed moderate improvements in the concrete's gamma-ray shielding capacity. Interestingly, the 15% RHB sample demonstrated a higher linear attenuation compared to the other samples, a result of its increased density. On the contrary, the 25RHB sample is less valuable. The 15RHB sample had the highest value for FCS (0.090 cm<sup>-1</sup>) indicating its efficacy as a neutron shield. Husk ; Cement ; Materials science ; Electromagnetic shielding ; Radiation shielding ; Radiation ; Composite material ; Waste management ; Biology ; Engineering Radiation Shielding Materials Analysis ; Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies ; Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
Authors: Jean‐Daniel Malcor | Noelia Ferruz | Sergio Romero‐Romero | Surbhi Dhingra | Vamika Sagar | Abhishek A. Jalan
Source: Nature Communications (article, 2025-03-19)
Field: Materials Science — Biomaterials

Deciphering the folding code of collagens Collagen proteins contain a characteristic structural motif called a triple helix. During the self-assembly of this motif, three polypeptides form a folding nucleus at the C-termini and then propagate towards the N-termini like a zip-chain. While polypeptides from human collagens contain up to a 1000 amino acids, those found in bacteria can contain up to 6000 amino acids. Additionally, the collagen polypeptides are also frequently interrupted by non-helical sequences that disrupt folding and reduce stability. Given the length of polypeptides and the disruptive interruptions, compensating mechanisms that stabilize against local unfolding during propagation and offset the entropic cost of folding are not fully understood. Here, we show that the information for the correct folding of collagen triple helices is encoded in their sequence as interchain electrostatic interactions, which likely act as molecular clamps that prevent local unfolding. In the case of humans, disrupting these electrostatic interactions is associated with severe to lethal diseases. Code (set theory) ; Computer science ; Folding (DSP implementation) ; Computational biology ; Protein folding ; Genetic code ; Programming language ; Biology ; Cell biology ; DNA ; Genetics ; Engineering Collagen: Extraction and Characterization ; Enzyme Production and Characterization ; biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
Authors: Qing‐Qing Wu | Zheng Li | M. Chen | Yuan Cheng | Yuan‐Cheng Zhu | Jing‐Juan Xu | Weiwei Zhao
Source: Advanced Materials (article, 2025-06-25)
Field: Materials Science — Polymers and Plastics

Reticular Photoelectrochemical Transistor with Biochemical Metaplasticity Close imitation of synaptic metaplasticity is an important objective in the neuromorphic domain. Progress has been made in solid-state electronics with high-voltage dynamics, which, nevertheless, marks a significant inconsistency with the biological systems in aqueous media. Here, the concept of reticular photoelectrochemical transistor (RPECT) is proposed and devised that can realize metaplasticity with biochemical modulation. Based on the ambipolar behavior of a metal-organic framework channel gated by a photosensitive hydrogen-bonded organic framework electrode, biochemically modulated positive/negative photoconductivity and metaplasticity with the typical features, e.g., the nonmonotonic enhanced depression effect region and the threshold sliding are achieved. Taking advantage of such unique properties, in-sensor preprocessing and in-memory computing are further implemented for efficient image recognition. This work realizes the aqueous metaplasticity by a new device of RPECT, which also introduces the biochemical modulation into image recognition, providing a perspective for future development of machine vision processing. Metaplasticity ; Neuromorphic engineering ; Materials science ; Modulation (music) ; Computer science ; Transistor ; Nanotechnology ; Neuroscience ; Optoelectronics ; Synaptic plasticity ; Artificial intelligence ; Voltage ; Electrical engineering ; Artificial neural network ; Chemistry ; Engineering ; Physics ; Psychology Conducting polymers and applications ; Advanced Memory and Neural Computing ; Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
Authors: Mujia Li | Lotte Studsgaard Meyer | Nadine Meier | Jannik Witte | Maximilian Maldacker | Adrianna Seredynska | Julia Schueler | Oliver Schilling | Melanie Christine Föll
Source: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry (article, 2025-02-05)
Field: Chemistry — Spectroscopy

Spatial Proteomics by Parallel Accumulation‐Serial Fragmentation Supported MALDI MS/MS Imaging: A First Glance Into Multiplexed and Spatial Peptide Identification In this study, we present a novel pipeline, based on iprm-PASEF, that allows the multiplexed and spatial identification of tryptic peptides in MALDI imaging. Hence, it marks a first step towards the integration of MALDI imaging into the emerging field of spatial proteomics. Chemistry ; MALDI imaging ; Mass spectrometry ; Ion-mobility spectrometry ; Mass spectrometry imaging ; Multiplexing ; Proteomics ; Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization ; Fragmentation (computing) ; Tandem mass spectrometry ; Peptide ; Chromatography ; Desorption ; Computer science ; Biochemistry Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications ; Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications ; Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
Authors: Fujie Zhang | Xiaoning Yu | Lixia Li | Wenhai Song | Rui Dong | Xiaoqi Yue | Sheng Chen | Qingyu Zeng
Source: Foods (article, 2025-02-06)
Field: Chemistry — Analytical Chemistry

Research on Rapid and Non-Destructive Detection of Coffee Powder Adulteration Based on Portable Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Technology This study explores the feasibility of using portable near-infrared spectroscopy for the rapid and non-destructive detection of coffee adulteration. Spectral data from adulterated coffee samples in the 900-1700 nm range were collected and processed using five preprocessing methods. For qualitative detection, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm was applied. For quantitative detection, two optimization algorithms, Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) and Binary Chimp Optimization Algorithm (BChOA), were used for the feature wavelength selection. The results showed that convolution smoothing combined with multiple scattering correction effectively improved the signal-to-noise ratio. SVM achieved 96.88% accuracy for qualitative detection. For the quantitative analysis, the IWO algorithm identified key wavelengths, reducing data dimensionality by 82.46% and improving accuracy by 10.96%, reaching 92.25% accuracy. In conclusion, portable near-infrared spectroscopy technology can be used for the rapid and non-destructive qualitative and quantitative detection of coffee adulteration and can serve as a foundation for the further development of rapid, non-destructive testing devices. At the same time, this method has broad application potential and can be extended to various food products such as dairy, juice, grains, and meat for quality control, traceability, and adulteration detection. Through the feature wavelength selection method, it can effectively identify and extract spectral features associated with these food components (such as fat, protein, or characteristic compounds), thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of detection, further ensuring food safety and enhancing the level of food quality control. Support vector machine ; Feature selection ; Traceability ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Pattern recognition (psychology) Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses ; Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies ; Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research