Q:

syslog doesn't exist! 

I use 14.04 and I don't have syslog. 
I'm a fresh user of Linux, being Windows user for years. 
When I try tail syslog and that's what out:
henrique@henrique:/var/log$ tail -f /var/log/syslog
tail: couldn't open “/var/log/syslog” for reading: File or directory not found

Was that some error in installation of Ubuntu?  Is that a way I can "install" syslog? 
EDITING:
cat /etc/rsyslog.conf
#  /etc/rsyslog.conf    Configuration file for rsyslog. 
#
#           For more information see
#           /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-doc/html/rsyslog_conf.html
#
#  Default logging rules can be found in /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf

#################
#### MODULES ####
#################

$ModLoad imuxsock # provides support for local system logging
$ModLoad imklog   # provides kernel logging support
#$ModLoad immark  # provides --MARK-- message capability

# provides UDP syslog reception
#$ModLoad imudp
#$UDPServerRun 514

# provides TCP syslog reception
#$ModLoad imtcp
#$InputTCPServerRun 514

# Enable non-kernel facility klog messages
$KLogPermitNonKernelFacility on

###########################
#### GLOBAL DIRECTIVES ####
###########################

#
# Use traditional timestamp format. 
# To enable high precision timestamps, comment out the following line. 
#
$ActionFileDefaultTemplate RSYSLOG_TraditionalFileFormat

# Filter duplicated messages
$RepeatedMsgReduction on

#
# Set the default permissions for all log files. 
#
$FileOwner syslog
$FileGroup adm
$FileCreateMode 0640
$DirCreateMode 0755
$Umask 0022
$PrivDropToUser syslog
$PrivDropToGroup syslog

#
# Where to place spool and state files
#
$WorkDirectory /var/spool/rsyslog

#
# Include all config files in /etc/rsyslog.d/
#
$IncludeConfig /etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf

Output for apt-cache policy inetutils-syslog
inetutils-syslogd:
  Installed: (nenhum)
  Candidate: 2:1.9.2-1
  Version table:
     2:1.9.2-1 0
     500 http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe amd64 Packages

Output for apt-cache policy rsyslog
rsyslog:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 7.4.4-1ubuntu2.6
  Version table:
     7.4.4-1ubuntu2.6 0
     500 http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     7.4.4-1ubuntu2.3 0
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages
     7.4.4-1ubuntu2 0
        500 http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages

Output for sudo service rsyslog status
rsyslog stop/waiting

A:

The output of apt-cache policy rsyslog says, rsyslog isn't installed on your system, therefore
sudo apt-get install rsyslog

