Specific uptake of alpha-fetoprotein by malignant human lymphoid cells. 
We have studied the ability of human B- and T-lymphoblastoid cell lines, as well as of peripheral lymphoid cells from leukemia patients, to take up alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and other serum proteins.  Two technical approaches have been employed, both using fluorescent protein derivatives (FITC-proteins): microscopic examination of labelled cells using epifluorescent illumination and quantitation of endocytosed proteins by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS).  Compared to human resting T-lymphocytes, all T- and B-cell lines tested exhibited positive staining for fluoresceinated AFP and transferrin (Tf) and a significant increase, up to 100-fold, of the number of AFP and Tf molecules endocytosed per cell.  Labelling was prevented or strongly diminished by a 100-fold excess of unlabelled protein.  Preliminary results with peripheral lymphoid cells harvested from leukemia patients showed the presence of AFP- and Tf-positive cells in the blood of all patients examined.  Intensity of labelling was related to the type of leukemia cells and/or the degree of cell maturation.  Most cell lines exhibited positive staining for alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M) and also, to a lesser extent, for serum Vitamin D3 binding protein (DBP).  In contrast, no labelling was observed with FITC-serum albumin (FITC-Alb) or FITC-ovalbumin (FITC-OVA).  Comparative uptake of several FITC-proteins by a single cell population revealed significant quantitative and qualitative differences.