Midwest League

The Midwest League is a Minor League Baseball league, established in 1947 and based  in the Midwestern United States.  It is a Class A league that plays a full season; its players are typically players in their second or third year of professional play. 

The Midwest League began as the Illinois State League (1947–1948), then became the Mississippi–Ohio Valley League (1949–1955).  In 1956, the Mississippi–Ohio Valley League was renamed the Midwest League.  Today, the league has 16 teams in two divisions.  The Lansing Lugnuts and Wisconsin Timber Rattlers franchises jointly have won the most league championships, with nine each. 

History
The Midwest League directly evolved from two earlier leagues in the region.  In 1947, the Class D Illinois State League (ISL) began operation with six Illinois teams – the Belleville Stags, Centralia Cubs, Marion Indians, Mattoon Indians, Mount Vernon Braves and the West Frankfort Cardinals.  In 1949, the ISL changed its name to the Mississippi–Ohio Valley League after Marion moved their franchise to Kentucky and became the Paducah Chiefs.  In 1954, the Mississippi-Ohio Valley League expanded, adding teams in Clinton and Dubuque, Iowa.  The Mississippi-Ohio Valley League was then renamed Midwest League in 1956. 

The original teams in 1956, the first year of Midwest League play, were: Clinton Pirates, Decatur Commodores, Dubuque Packers, Kokomo Dodgers, Lafayette Red Sox, Mattoon Phillies, Michigan City White Caps and the Paris Lakers.  Mattoon is the oldest franchise in the MWL, evolving into today's Fort Wayne TinCaps, while Clinton is the oldest MWL locale. 

In 1960, the Davenport, Iowa based Quad City Braves joined the league as an expansion team.  In 1962, Appleton, Burlington, and Cedar Rapids joined the Midwest League from the Illinois-Indiana-Iowa League which folded operations when those franchises switched leagues.  All those franchised remain in the league today.  In 1963, the Midwest League was designated as a Class A league, after the minor league classification structure was reorganized. 

The 1975 Waterloo Royals, led by future MLB All-Stars Willie Wilson and Dan Quisenberry, are ranked #60 on MiLB.com's Top 100 Teams.  The Royals finished the season 93–35. 

In 1976, the Midwest League contracted from ten teams to eight, as franchises in Danville and Dubuque were eliminated.  In 1982, the league expanded from 8 to 12 teams, adding the Beloit Brewers, the Danville Suns, the Madison Muskies, and the Springfield Cardinals.  The Peoria Suns relocated from Danville in 1983, and acquired their current name, Peoria Chiefs, the following year.  In 1988, the league began splitting its season into two halves and expanded from 12 to 14 teams, with the addition of franchises in South Bend, Indiana, and Rockford, Illinois.  During the 1990s several teams changed cities as Major League Baseball placed higher standards on minor league baseball facilities; franchises in smaller cities were sold to new owners who moved those teams to new ballparks in larger cities.  Kenosha, Madison, Rockford, Springfield, Waterloo, and Wausau lost teams during this decade while Battle Creek, Dayton, Fort Wayne, Grand Rapids (West Michigan), Kane County, and Lansing gained teams. 

The 1978 Appleton Foxes are ranked #93 on the Top-100 All Time teams by MiLB.com.  Led by future Cy Young Award winner LaMarr Hoyt, the team finished 97-40.  Harry Chappas, Ross Baumgarten and Britt Burns were all called up to the parent Chicago White Sox at the conclusion of the MWL season.  The 97 wins by the Foxes remains a Midwest League record. 

The Fort Wayne TinCaps are the oldest franchise in the league, having begun as the Mattoon Indians in 1947 and playing in Keokuk, Iowa; Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin; and Kenosha, Wisconsin, before moving to Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1993.  The Clinton LumberKings have been in one city longer than any Midwest League team, having called Clinton, Iowa, home since 1954. 

The Southwest Michigan Devil Rays moved to Midland, Michigan, and became the Great Lakes Loons prior to the 2007 season. 

On September 2, 2008, Minor League Baseball announced that two teams would transfer from the fellow Class A South Atlantic League to the Midwest League: the Lake County Captains (an affiliate of the Cleveland Indians playing in Eastlake, Ohio) and the Bowling Green Hot Rods (an affiliate of the Tampa Bay Rays playing in Bowling Green, Kentucky). 

Current teams

Current team rosters

League champions

Teams since 1956

Beloit Snappers (1995–present)
Beloit Brewers (1982–94)
Bowling Green Hot Rods (2010–present)
Burlington Bees (1962–81, 1993–present)
Burlington Rangers (1982–85)
Burlington Expos (1986–87)
Burlington Braves (1988–90)
Burlington Astros (1991–92)
Cedar Rapids Kernels (1993–present)
Cedar Rapids Red Raiders (1962–64)
Cedar Rapids Cardinals (1965–72)
Cedar Rapids Astros (1973–74)
Cedar Rapids Giants (1975–79)
Cedar Rapids Reds (1980–92)
Clinton LumberKings (1994–present)
Clinton Pirates (1956–59)
Clinton C-Sox (1960–65)
Clinton Pilots (1966–76)
Clinton Dodgers (1977–79)
Clinton Giants (1980–93)
Danville Warriors (1970–76)
Dayton Dragons (2000–present)
Rockford Expos (1988–92)
Rockford Royals (1993–94)
Rockford Cubbies (1995–98)
Rockford Reds (1999)
Decatur Commodores (1956–74)
Dubuque Packers (1956–67, 1974–76; second franchise relocated from Quincy, Illinois)
Dubuque Royals (1968)
Fort Wayne TinCaps (2009–present)
Mattoon Phillies (1956)
Mattoon Athletics (1957)
Keokuk Cardinals (1958–61)
Keokuk Dodgers (April–August 1962)
Midwest Dodgers (August 1962), based in Dubuque, Iowa
Wisconsin Rapids Senators (1963)
Wisconsin Rapids Twins (1964–83)
Kenosha Twins (1984–92)
Fort Wayne Wizards (1993–2008)
Great Lakes Loons (2007–present), based in Midland, Michigan
Springfield (IL) Cardinals (1982–93)
Madison Hatters (1994)
Michigan Battle Cats (1995–2002)
Battle Creek Yankees (2003–04)
Southwest Michigan Devil Rays (2005–06), based in Battle Creek, Michigan
Kane County Cougars (1991–present), based in Geneva, Illinois
Decatur Commodores (1956–74)
Wausau Mets (1975–78)
Wausau Timbers (1979–90)
Kokomo Dodgers (1956–61)
Lake County Captains (2010–present)
Lansing Lugnuts (1996–present)
Lafayette Red Sox (1956–57)
Waterloo Hawks (1958–69)
Waterloo Royals (1970–76)
Waterloo Indians (1977–88)
Waterloo Diamonds (1989–93)
Springfield Sultans (1994–95)
Michigan City White Caps (1956–59)
Paris Lakers (1956–59)
Peoria Chiefs (1984–present)
Danville Suns (1982)
Peoria Suns (1983)
Quad Cities River Bandits (2008–present), based in Davenport, Iowa
Davenport Braves (1960)
Quad Cities Braves (1961)
Quad Cities Angels (1962–76)
Quad City Angels (1976–78, 1985–91)
Quad City Cubs (1979–84)
Quad City River Bandits (1992–2003)
Swing of the Quad Cities (2004–07)
Quincy Cubs (1965–73); franchise moved to Dubuque, Iowa, after the 1973 season
Quincy Giants (1960–61)
Quincy Jets (1962–63)
Quincy Gems (1964)
South Bend Cubs (2015–present)
South Bend White Sox (1988–93)
South Bend Silver Hawks (1994–2014)
West Michigan Whitecaps (1994–present)
Madison Muskies (1982–93)
Wisconsin Timber Rattlers (1995–present), based in Grand Chute, Wisconsin
Appleton Foxes (1962, 1967–94)
Fox Cities Foxes (1963–66)

See also
Baseball awards#U.S. minor leagues

References

External links

 Official Midwest League website
 A Fan's Guide to the Midwest League

Category:Minor baseball leagues in the United States
  
Category:Midwest League ballparks
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Category:Sports leagues established in 1947
Category:1947 establishments in the United States