Surgical management of periprosthetic joint infection: one-stage exchange. 
Although it does offer some advantages, the one-staged exchange in periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains rare in the orthopedic world.  Besides the reduced number of surgical interventions for the patients, it is usually associated with a decreased in-hospital stay and quicker mobilization.  Furthermore, it might be the more cost-effective approach and allows for a reduced duration of postoperative systemic antibiotics, usually less than 14 days.  Technically, the presence of a positive culture by preoperative aspiration or biopsy and respective antibiogram is mandatory.  A cemented implant fixation using specified topic antibiotics, based on the antibiogram, is treatment of choice for one-staged procedures.  The overall success is based on the well-defined and detailed intrahospital infrastructure, including a meticulous preoperative planning, joint aspiration regime, and aggressive intraoperative surgical approach.  This article describes the one-staged exchange in infected PJI of the knee joint, which has been established 40 years ago in the HELIOS ENDO-Klinik Hamburg, Germany.