izzako/sundanese-pixelgpt huggingface dataset:
Rambutan nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Ciracas, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Susukan nyaéta salasahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Ciracas, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Durén Sawit nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Durén Sawit, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Kléndér nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Durén Sawit, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Malaka Jaya nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Durén Sawit, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Malaka Sari nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Durén Sawit, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pondok Bambu nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Durén Sawit, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pondok Kelapa nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Durén Sawit, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pondok Kopi nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Durén Sawit, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Bali Mester nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Jatinegara, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Bidara Cina nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Jatinegara, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Cipinang Besar Selatan nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Jatinegara, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Cipinang Besar Utara nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Jatinegara, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Cipinang Cempedak nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Jatinegara, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Cipinang Muara nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Jatinegara, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Kampung Melayu nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Jatinegara, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Rawa Bunga nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Jatinegara, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Balé Kambang nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Kramat Jati, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Batu Ampar nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Kramat Jati, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Cawang nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Kramat Jati, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Cililitan nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Kramat Jati, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Dukuh nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Kramat Jati, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Kampung Tengah nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Kramat Jati, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Kramat Jati nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Kramat Jati, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Cipinang Melayu nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Makasar, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Halim Perdana Kusumah nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Makasar, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Kebon Pala nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Makasar, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Makasar nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Makasar, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pinang Ranti nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Makasar, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Kayu Manis nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Matraman, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Kebon Manggis nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Matraman, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pal Meriem nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Matraman, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pisangan Baru nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Matraman, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Utan Kayu Selatan nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Matraman, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Utan Kayu Utara nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Matraman, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Baru nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pasar Rebo, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Cijantung nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pasar Rebo, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Gedong nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pasar Rebo, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Kalisari nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pasar Rebo, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pekayon nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pasar Rebo, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Cipinang nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pulo Gadung, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Jati nyaéta salasahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pulo Gadung, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Jatinegara Kaum nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pulo Gadung, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Kayu Putih nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pulo Gadung, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pisangan Wétan nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pulo Gadung, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pulo Gadung nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pulo Gadung, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Rawamangun nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pulo Gadung, Kota Jakarta Wétan, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Gunung Agung nyaéta salasahiji gunung nu perenahna di Propinsi Bali, Indonésia
Dina 3,142 m saluhureun laut, ieu stratovolcano mangrupa gunung pangluhurna di Pulo Bali
Ieu gunung aya di Kacamatan Rendang, Kabupatén Karangasem, Propinsi Bali
Gunung Agung aktip kénéh, sabab kawah nu lega jeung jero téh sakapeung mah sok ngaluarkeun haseup jeung lebu
Ti kajauhan, ieu gunung katempo nyongcot sampurna sok sanajan kawahna lega
Ti pupunclut gunung urang bisa nempo pupunclut Gunung Rinjani di pulo Lombok, sanajan duanana remen kasimbutan ku halimun
Wanci nu pangalusna keur naék ka gunung agung téh nyaéta waktu balébat atawa carangcang tihang, mangsa hawa beresih kénéh, loba tetempoan pamandangan nu éndah jeung pikabetaheun
Aya tilu jalan utama nu deukeut tur ilahar dipaké keur naék ka ieu gunung
Ti kidul, wétan kidul, jeung ti kulon
Ti kulon mangrupa jalan nu pangumumna, sabab bisa dipaju ti Pura Besakih téténjoan nu éndah sapanjang lalampahan
Penting keur nu naraék ka gunung kudu mawa cai sorangan, sabab teu meunang ngala cai sapanjang jalan alatan dianggap suci
Loba taneuh jeung batu nu ngagolosor, ku kituna penting ogé maké sapatu nu cocog keur kasalametan
Bitu taun 1963-64
Nalika gunung bitu, lahar na ngagulidag ngan sababaraha meter baé ti Pura Utama Besakih jadi henteu nimbulkeun karuksakan nanaon
Ieu kajadian ku urang Bali dianggap hiji mukjizat jeung totonden ti para Dewa, yén Dewa nembongkeun kakuatan nu kacida rohaka tapi hente ngaruksak wangunan nu geus dijieun pikeun ibadah urang Bali
Dalah ti kitu, dina ieu kajadian saeutikna 1000 urang palastra jeung sababaraha Desa ancur burakrakan ditarajang bituna ieu gunung
Gunung Ceremé atawa Caremé atawa Ciremai mangrupa gunung nu asup kana golongan stratovulkano nu simetris nu aya di Jawa Kulon, Indonésia
Kawah Geger Halang nu legana 4.5 – 5 km aya di punclutna
Ngabeledugna gunung ieu relatif teu tangtu sapanjang sajarahna, tapi aktifitas bitu jeung kaluarna lahar tina punclutna mah geus karekam
Ieu gunung kawengku ku tilu kabupatén: Kuningan, Cirebon, jeung Majalengka
Gunung Ceremé asup kana golongan gunung seuneu "soliter", dipisahkeun ku Zona Sesar Cilacap-Kuningan ti rengrengan gunung seuneu Jawa Kulon bagian wétan (nyaéta: G. Galunggung
Guntur, Patuha, Papandayan sarta Tangkubanparahu) anu perenahna dina Zona Bandung
Pulo Jawa nyaéta bagian ti Paparan-Sunda anu kaasup kana lampegan Asia-Eropa
Kerak samudra anu ngadadasaran Samudra Hindia (bagian ti Indian-australiaan Place) dina kaayaan usik nyodok kana hiji "Benioff" Zone di sapanjang tepi kidul lampegan Asian-eropa
Pangudaran magma anu umumna boga komposisi tengahan sarta tali tumali jeung sodokan, ngakibatkeun timbulna gondewa volkano-plutonik Jawa Tersier-resen
G. Cereme (3076 m dpl) ngajungkiring di antara dayeuh Cirebon, Kuningan sarta Majalengka, nyieun congcot di sisi palebah kalér sésa Kaldera Gegerhalang (anu ukuranana 4,5 x 5 km)
G. Cereme miboga kawah rangkep (kulon jeung wétan)
Kawah kulon jumarina 400 m kapotong kawah wétan anu jumarina 600 m sarta jerona 250 m. Luhurna 2900 m di lamping kidul aya urut titik bituna (l.k
30 m2 ) nyaéta Guha Walét
Pola walungan umumna ngalingkung buleud, di sawatara lokasi aya nu papalingpang alatan pangaruh sesar, béda litologi sarta umur
Jauh ti kawah, karapetan walungan beuki ningkat
Ringkesan ciciren géomorfologi wewengkon ieu téh kieu:(1) tegalan aluvial, (2) congcot cinder kalawan aliran lava, (3) congcot jeung aliran lava, (4) kawah aktip kalawan sollfatara/fumarola, (5) fluviovolkanik lapang lahar, (6) congcot gunungapi strato, (7) lava dina lamping gunungapi, sarta (8) aliran piroklastik sarta guguran volkanik dina lamping, (kabéhanana hasil prosés gunungapi Holosen), (9) kipas aliran piro
Gunung Tampomas nyaéta hiji stratovolcano andesitik leutik nu aya di Kabupatén Sumedang, Jawa Kulon, Indonésia
Aliran lava ngora kapanggih di sisi beulah wétan gunung ieu
Dumasar kana naskah Bujangga Manik, baheula ngaran gunung ieu téh nyaéta gunung Tompo Omas
Cilincing nyaéta salasahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Cilincing, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Kali Baru nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Cilincing, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Marunda nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Cilincing, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Rorotan nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Cilincing, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Sémpér Barat nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Cilincing, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Sémpér Timur nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Cilincing, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Suka Pura nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Cilincing, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Kelapa Gading Barat nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Kelapa Gading, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Kelapa Gading Timur nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Kelapa Gading, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pegangsaan Dua nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Kelapa Gading, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Koja nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Koja, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Lagoa nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Koja, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Rawabadak Selatan nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Koja, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Rawabadak Kalér nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Koja, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Tugu Selatan nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Koja, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Tugu Kalér nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Koja, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Ancol nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pademangan, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pademangan Barat nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pademangan, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pademangan Timur nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pademangan, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Kamal Muara nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Penjaringan, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Kapuk Muara nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Penjaringan, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pejagalan nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Penjaringan, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Penjaringan nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Penjaringan, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pluit nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Penjaringan, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Kebon Bawang nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Tanjung Priok, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Papanggo nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Tanjung Priok, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Sungai Bambu nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Tanjung Priok, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Sunter Agung nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Tanjung Priok, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Sunter Jaya nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Tanjung Priok, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Tanjung Priuk nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Tanjung Priok, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Warakas nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Tanjung Priok, Kota Jakarta Kalér, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Istilah set-top box (STB) nerangkeun hiji parangkat nu ngahubung kana televisi jeung sababaraha sumber sinyal luar, tur ngarobah sinyal éta jadi "content" nu saterusna ditembongkeun dina layar
Sumber sinyalna bisa tina kabel ethernet (tempo triple play), satellite dish, kabel koaksial (tempo televisi kabel), jalur telepon (kaasup koneksi DSL), Broadband over Power Line, atawa anténa VHF jeung UHF biasa
Content, dina kontéks ieu, bisa ngandung harti sababaraha atawa sakabéhna mangrupa video, audio, Internet kaca loka, gameinteraktif, atawa kamungkinan-kamungkinan lianna
Set-top box teu perlu mibanda tuner sorangan
A box connected to a television (or VCR) set's SCART connector is fed with the baseband television signal from the set's tuner, and can ask the television to display the returned processed signal instéad
This féature is used for decoding Pay TV in Europe, and in the past was used for decoding teletext, before decoders became built-in
The outgoing signal can be of the same nature as the incoming signal, or RGB component video, or even an "insert" over the original signal, thanks to the "fast switching" féature of SCART
In case of Pay TV, this solution avoids the hassles associated with having a second remote control
Before cable-réady TV sets, a set-top box known as a cable converter box was used to receive analog cable TV channels and convert them to vidéo that could be seen on a regular TV (channel 3 or 4 in North America, or channel 36 or 37 in the United Kingdom)
Nowadays, cable converter boxes are used to descramble premium cable channels and to receive digital cable channels
In the United Kingdom, digital set-top boxes (often referred to as "digiboxes", after Sky Digital's trademark for their unit) are usually for digital terrestrial television through services such as Freeview, a service operated by the Freeview Consortium, or through digital satellite with BSkyB and also with digital cable
They are used to access television as well as audio and interactive services through the "Red Button" promoted by broadcasters such as the BBC with BBCi or Sky with Sky Active
Special digital set-top box are available for receiving digital TV broadcasts on TV sets do not have a built in digital tuner
In the case of direct broadcast satellite (mini-dish) systems such as SES Astra, Dish Network, or DirecTV, the set-top box is an integrated receiver/decoder (IRD)
In IPTV networks, the set-top box is a small computer providing two-way communications on an IP network, and decoding the vidéo streaming media
Panarima ATSC, sering ogé disebut tuner ATSC atawa tuner HDTV, bisa narima siaran sinyal televisi digital (DTV) ngaliwatan udara ti stasiun TV di Amérika Kalér
Tuner nu siga kieu bisa diterapkeun dina televisi, VCR, pangrékam video digital, jeung set-top box nu nyayagakeun sababaraha tipe konéktor kaluaran audio/vidéo
Istilah "tuner" nu disaruakeun jeung "panarima" sabenerna mah kurang merenah, da kawasna merenah kénéh lamun disebut panarima ATSC, sedengkeun tunerna sorangan, mangrupa bagéan tina panarima (tempo métonim)
Pamancer ngabangkitkeun sinyal audio jeung vidéo (AV) nu diperlukeun keur televisi, sarta ngalakukeun sababaraha pagawéan: démodulasi, koréksi kasalahan, "demultiplexing" "transport stream", dekomprési, konvéri analog ka digital, singkronisasi AV, sarta mormat deui media "(media reformatting)" sangkan cocog jeung asupan "(input)" nu optimal keur TV
Conto "media reformatting" kaasup: "interlace" ka "progressive scan" atawa sabalikna, résolusi gambar, konversi "aspect ratio" (16:9 ka atawa ti 4:3), konversi "frame rate", katut "scaling"
"Zooming" mangrupa hiji conto tina parobahan resolusi
Ilaharna dipaké keur ngarobah gambar nu resolusina handap jadi hiji pidangan nu resolusina luhur
Amanat Pamaréntah A.S. FCC geus ngaluarkeun amanat/parentah keur sakumna parabot nu asup ka AS Mareuman siaran TV analog
Dina awal 2006, Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 became law, which calls for over-the-air television stations to céase their analog broadcasts by 2009-02-17 (this cut-off date has been moved forward several times previously)
Following that date, TVs and other equipment with legacy NTSC tuners would be unable to receive over-the-air broadcasts
This switch-off would cause tens of thousands of TVs to go dark and would cut off many lower-income viewers of their only source of television
A Congressional bill has authorized subsidizing converter boxes that would allow péople to receive the new digital broadcasts on their old TVs
The current plan is to maké two $40 coupons available from 2008-01-01 through 2009-03-31 for éach household that relies exclusively on over-the-air television reception
Tuner digital nyaéta hiji parangkat tuning ("id:penalaan") dina televisi atawa radio nu bisa narima sinyal ngaliwatan gelombang udara, satelit, atawa kabel sarta narjamahkeun sinyal éta jadi sinyal nu bisa ditémbongkeun ku parangkat
Tuner mangpaat keur narima siaran digital ngaliwatan udara atawa satelit sarta midangkeunana dina set televisi digital HDTV atawa SDTV
Tuner ogé digunakeun dina panarima radio keur tuning stasion radio sacara digital (naek unggal 0.2 MHz keur FM di AS, tapi leuwih saeutik di nagara lianna, lolobana tuner FM naekna 0.1 MHz atawa 0.05 MHz), minangka tandingan panarimaan analog
Sinyal radio bisa ogé ditarima ku tuner radio digital, nu narima sinyal audio ngaliwatan satelit
Kepulauan Seribu Selatan, Kepulauan Seribu
Kapulauan Seribu Selatan, Kapulauan Seribu
Pulo Pari nyaéta salasahiji désa di kacamatan Kapuloan Seribu Kidul, Kabupatén Kepulauan Seribu, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pulo Tidung nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Kapuloan Seribu Kidul, Kabupatén Kapuloan Seribu, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pulo Untung Jawa nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Kapuloan Seribu Kidul, Kabupatén Administrasi Kapuloan Seribu, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pulo Harapan nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Kapuloan Seribu Kalér, Kabupatén Administrasi Kapuloan Seribu, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pulo Kelapa nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Kepulauan Seribu Kalér, Kabupatén Kepulauan Seribu, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Pulo Panggang nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Kepulauan Seribu Utara, Kabupatén Kepulauan Seribu, Propinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonésia
Televisi kabel (, ) nyaéta sistim méré televisi, pamrograman radio FM jeung layanan lianna ka konsumén ngaliwatan sinyal frékuénsi radio nu ditepikeun langsung ka televisi ngaliwatan serat optik atawa kabel koaksial, henteu ngagunakeun cara udara saperti siaran televisi tradisional (ngaliwatan galura radio) nu mana dibutuhkeun ayana anté
It should be noted that while the acronym CATV is often used to méan "Cable TV" or "Community Access Television," it originally stood for Community Antenna Television
This comes from cable television's origins in 1948, when the first cable systems were started
Television signals could only be received by homes that were in the "line-of-sight" of the originating broadcast antenna, and péople in mountainous aréas could not receive the signal
Large antennas were constructed in these aréas, and cable was run from the antenna to homes so they could receive programming, making these large antennas "community antennas."
It is most commonplace in North America, Europe, Australia and East Asia, though it is present in many other countries, mainly in South America and the Middle East
Cable TV has had little success in Africa, as it is not cost-effective to lay cables in sparsely populated aréas, and although so-called "wireless cable" or microwave-based systems are used, "direct-to-home" satellite television is far more popular, especially in South Africa
Technically, CATV involves distributing a number of television channels collected at a central location (called a headend) to subscribers within a community by méans of a branched network of optical fibers and/or coaxial cables and broadband amplifiers
Since the éarly 1990s, the most common architecture is the Hybrid fiber coaxial network
As in the case of radio broadcasting, the use of different frequencies allows many channels to be distributed through the same cable, without separate wires for éach
A Set-top box or the tuner of the TV, VCR or radio selects one channel from this mixed signal
The same program is often simultanéously broadcast by radio and distributed by cable, usually at different frequencies
Other programs may be distributed by cable only; rules restricting content (e.g
regarding nudity and pornography) are often more relaxed for cable than for over-the-air TV
Traditional cable TV systems worked strictly by way of analog signals (i.e
using standard radio waves) but many modérn cable TV systems also employ the use of digital cable technology, which uses compressed digital signals, allowing them to provide many more channels than they could with analog alone
modérn cable TV systems also offer other services such as Video on demand, telephony, and high-speed data
Cable television is normally regarded as a natural monopoly, and most aréas are served by a single provider, though Australia is characterized by extensive duplication
Sumebarna televisi kabel
Cable television services have been available in Australia since 1991 or 1992, with Galaxy TV being the first, it became insolvent in 1997, due to decréasing popularity with the launching of Foxtel and Austar in May of 1995, two cable services that offered more variety than Galaxy TV
In éarly 1997, Galaxy TV was declared insolvent, largely because of Foxtel and Austars popularity
Foxtel immediately commenced in supplying programming to Galaxy's subscribers on an interim basis
In 1999 Foxtel was able to significantly boost its customer base by acquiring Galaxy TV's subscribers from the Australis Media liquidator and commenced offering its services on a satellite television platform
There are currently two major and four minor cable television providers in Australia - Foxtel and Optus TV
Minor providers include Austar, TransACT, Bright Telecommunications and Neighbourhood Cable, which only operate in limited aréas
Like the United Kingdom, cable is a minority méans of receiving access to subscription television in Australia
Satellite distribution is more common
Due to its history, financial backing and market dominance, most local versions of channels are either owned directly by Foxtel and Austar or through related companies
In terms of coverage, Foxtel's cable network covers parts of Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, and Perth
Optus's network covers small parts of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane, though its restrictive subscription rules méans that many péople living in apartments or confined living aréas may be unable to be connected
Austar is available by satellite in most of regional and rural Australia, but does have a small cable network in the city of Darwin
TransACT is only available in the city of Canberra, where a custom cable network was developed
A similar situation exists in Perth where a small aréa is covered by Bright Telecommunications as well in parts of Geelong, Ballarat and Mildura that are réached by Neighbourhood Cable
Cable television is distributed in Brazil by various companies
Two of them, NET and TVA, serve the majority of the country, and lesser companies, such as Viamax, TBL and VIVAX, operate regionally
Cable TV is the main distribution channel for premium TV in the metropolitan aréas, but in the rural aréas satellite television is used more frequently because of the limited availability of cables infrastructure
Free broadcast television is still the main distribution channel in the whole country, however
Only one traditional cable provider operates in Hong Kong, i-Cable Communications Limited (branded as "CableTV")
Another three operators offers pay-TV via DSL, they are Now Broadband TV (PCCW), HKBN Digital TV and TVB PayVision
Many in Hong Kong instéad watch subscription TV using satellite systems like STAR TV
The first cable system started to operate in the éarly Sixties in Monterrey, as a CATV service (an antenna at the top of the Loma Larga, which could get TV signals from South Texas)
Most of the other major cities didn't develop cable systems until the late Eighties, due to government censorship
By 1989 the industry had had a major impulse with the founding of Multivisión—a MMDS system who started to develop its own channels in Spanish—and the later development of companies such as Cablemas and Megacable
Over the past few yéars, many US networks have started to develop content for the Latin American market, such as CNN en Español, MTV, Cartoon Network, Disney Channel, and others
The country also has a DTH service called SKY (Televisa &amp; News Corp. owned)
Recently DirecTV merged with Sky
The dominant company nowadays is Megacable and Grupo HEVI
TelstraClear operate a cable television network in Wellington, Kapiti and Christchurch
Customers can subscribe to plans incorporating between 25 and 95 channels
Most content is offered on behalf of Sky Network Television however some channels such as TBN, Discovery Travel and Adventure and Deutsche welle are broadcast exclusively through TelstraCléar
South African Broadcasting Co-operation (SABC) and e-TV are the only broadcasters in the country with the SABC being the State-Owned and major broadcastor
The SABC has three channels which focuses on its diverse cultures, languages and heritages
These channels are called SABC 1, 2, and 3
On the other hand, e-TV has only one channel and struggles to broadcast all the programmes
StarHub Cable Vision is the sole cable television operator in Singapore, where private ownership of satellite dishes is banned
StarHub Cable Vision was formed as a result of a merger between StarHub and Singapore Cable Vision on 15 May 2002
The latter first began broadcasting as a terrestrial pay-television operator in 1992 as the first cable network was not completed until 1995
Around 15% of households and offices in Singapore are connected to the StarHub network
In the UK Cable Television had its origins in 1938, when the first Community Antenna TV systems were set up in towns including Bristol and Hull, for homes which couldn't receive transmissions over the air; however these signals were on the 405-line system
In the 1960s Rediffusion Vision was set up to provide cable television in the newer 625-line and PAL formats
In the éarly 1980s Rediffusion Vision supplemented its service with other channels including The Music Box, Mirrorvision, Lifesyle Screensport, Sky Channel and TEN
The service was renamed to Rediffusion Cablevision
In the United Kingdom, the current generation of cable television began in the late 1980s with the issue of franchises to many local operators
These small operations proved uneconomic and there has been a continuing process of consolidation and re-financing
By 2000 the two principal cable operators were NTL and Telewest
NTL's cable service was originally known as CableTel and grew rapidly through the acquisition of, among others, ComTel (which itself had bought Telecential), Comcast, Diamond Cable and finally, in 1999, the residential and small business operations of Cable &amp; Wireless
Telewest acquired local cable operators including Eurobell (Plymouth and Essex) Cable London (North franchise) Birmigham cable and large franchsies in the North éast and North West of England
The original Telewest cable-co was créated after mergers of United Artists and General Cable in the mid 90's
In 2005 it was announced that NTL and Telewest would merge, after a period of co-operation in the preceding few yéars
This merger was completed on 3 March 2006 with the company being named ntl Incorporated
For the time being the two brand names and services are still being marketed separately
However, following NTL's aqusition of Virgin Mobile, the NTL and Telewest services will be rebranded "Virgin Media" in the first quarter of 2007 créating a single cable operator covering more than 95% of the UK cable market
There are a small number of other surviving cable television companies in the UK outside of NTL including Kingston Communications (East Riding of Yorkshire) and WightCable (Isle of Wight, Ayrshire, Carlisle and Lancashire)
Cable TV faces intense competition from BSkyB's Sky Digital satellite television service
Most channels are carried on both platforms
However, cable often lacks "interactive" féatures (e.g
text services, and extra vidéo-screens), especially on BSkyB owned channels, and the satellite platform lacks services requiring high degrees of two-way communication, such as true video on demand
However, subscription-funded digital terrestrial television proved less of a competitive thréat
The first system, ITV Digital, went into liquidation in 2002
Top Up TV later replaced it, however this service is shrinking as the DVB-T multiplex owners are finding FTA broadcasting more profitable
Another potential source of competition in the future will be TV over broadband
This was initially launched, using ADSL, in London, where it is provided by HomeChoice
An IPTV service was also provided in Hull by Kingston Communications, but this céased operations in April 2006
As the speed and availability of broadband connections incréase, more TV content can be delivered using protocols such as IPTV
lolobana panongton televisi di Amérika meunang sinyalna tina CATV
According to the Européan Audiovisual Observatory, there were 58 million cable households in the Européan Union as of 31 December 2004, i.e
a rate of penetration of 32 % of the television households
5.7 millions were connected to digital networks
In Switzerland, virtually all households have cable TV
Ironically, despite this good coverage, Switzerland has only a few public TV stations (two éach for the German, French and Italian-spéaking parts of the country); additionally, there is now only one upstart commercial network with coverage comparable to these state-run channels
To watch news or political information, Swiss channels are preferred, but in the entertainment sector (féature movies, comedies, talk shows), private TV stations from Germany, France and Italy are dominant
Layanan dumasar-kabel lianna
Coaxial cables are capable of bi-directional carriage of signals as well as the transmission of large amounts of data
Cable television signals use only a portion of the bandwidth available over coaxial lines
This léaves plenty of space available for other digital services such as broadband internet and cable telephony
Broadband internet is achieved over coaxial cable by using cable modems to convert the network data into a type of digital signal that can be transferred over coaxial cable
One problem with some cable systems is the older amplifiers placed along the cable routes are unidirectional thus in order to allow for uploading of data the customer would need to use an analog modem to provide for the upstréam connection
This limited the upstréam speed to 31.2k and prevented the always-on convenience broadband internet typically provides
Many large cable systems have upgraded or are upgrading their equipment to allow for bi-directional signals, thus allowing for gréater upload speed and always-on convenience, though these upgrades are expensive
In North America and Europe many cable operators have alréady introduced cable telephone service, which operates just like existing fixed line operators
This service involves installing a special telephone interface at the customer's premises that converts the analog signals from the customer's in-home wiring into a digital signal, which is then sent on the local loop (replacing the analog last mile, or POTS) to the company's switching center, where it is connected to the PSTN
The biggest obstacle to cable telephone service is the need for néarly 100% reliable service for emergency calls
One of the standards available for digital cable telephony, PacketCable, seems to be the most promising and able to work with the Quality of Service demands of traditional analog POTS service
The biggest advantage to digital cable telephone service is similar to the advantage of digital cable TV, namely that data can be compressed, resulting in much less bandwidth used than a dedicated analog circuit-switched service
Other advantages include better voice quality and integration to a VoIP network providing chéap or unlimited nationwide and international calling
Note that in many cases, digital cable telephone service is separate from cable modem service being offered by many cable companies and does not rely on IP traffic or the Internet
Beginning in 2004 in the United States, the traditional cable television providers and traditional telecommunication companies incréasingly compete in providing voice, vidéo and data services to residences
The combination of TV, telephony and Internet access is commonly called triple play regardless of whether CATV or telcos offer it
Salju nyaéta cai nu ragrag ti awan nu ngabeku jadi banda padat tur ragragna kawas cihujan
Salju asalna tina basa Arab, "tsalji" ()
Salju magrupakeun partikel kebul cai nu geus tiis di udara luhur (tempo "atmosfir", "biosfir", "iklim", "météorologi", "cuaca") terus ragrag ka bumi minangka guruntul empuk, bodas, jeung saperti kristal nu lembut ("guruntul salju", pakis saperti guruntul es, kelompok tina kabehannana)
Dina suhu tinangtu (disebut "titik beku", 0° Celsius, 32° Fahrenheit), salju biasa ngalembéréh tur leungit
Prosés nalika salju/és robah sacara langsung jadi kebul cai tanpa jadi cai heula disebut "menyublim"
Prosés sabalikna disebut "pengendapan"
Salju mangrupa sarat keur kagiatan olah raga usum tiis seperti ski jeung kareta luncur)
Di dunya, salju biasa kajadian di nagara nu iklimna subtropis jeung sedeng
Tapi, aya ogé di daérah tropis nu saljuan, contona di Pagunungan Jayawijaya di Papua, Indonesia
(; UN/LOCODE: codice_1) nyaéta ibukota Swédia, jadi tempat pamaréntahan jeung parleménna salian ti ogé jadi tempat cicingna pamingpin nagara Swédia, King Carl XVI Gustaf
Stockholm geus jadi puseur pulitik jeung ekonomi Swedia ti saprak abad ka-13
Kiwari mangrupa munisipalitas panggedéna di Swedia, kalayan jumlah populasi 776,000, sedengkeun populasi wewengkon urban Stockholm jeung Métropolitan Stockholm kasarna aya 1.2 jeung 1.9 million
Kalayan lokasina nu aya di basisir wetan Swedia dina sungut Situ Mälaren, di kapuloan Stockholm, Stockholm kasohor ku kaendahannana
The first, undisputed mention of the name 'Stockholm' are from two letters written in Latin in 1252; one written in July is a letter where the King Valdemar and Birger Jarl offering their royal patronage to the abbey of Fogdö; and the other, written by Birger Jarl, in August, urging the péasantry in Attundaland to pay their tithes to the Uppsala Cathedral
Both letters were written in Stockholm, but give no further information of the city itself or any explanation on the background of the name
While the name itself éasily splits into two distinct elements - "stokker", or in modérn Swedish "stock", méaning "log", and "holme", méaning "islet" - a matter-of-fact explanation for the name is much harder to produce, and over the yéars many popular myths have, accordingly, attempted to give a background
One story dated back to the mid 17th century for example, tells how the population of Birka, a historical city on Lake Mälaren, grew too rapidly, and the Gods then consulted urged parts of the population to emigrate to a new site
To determine where to build the new city, it was decided a log bound with gold should point out where to settle by sailing ashore on the site, and, occasionally, it landed on an islet in what is today central Stockholm
The first attempt to an explanation was put forward by the German humanist Jacob Ziegler in his work "Schondia" (Scandinavia) printed in 1532
Writing in Latin, he describes the city as the stronghold and trade post of the Swedes, located among "paludibus", méaning either marshes or lakes, and - like Venice - resting on poles
Most likely, Ziegler, while Rome, came in contact with prominent Swedes like Johannes Magnus who supplied him with the description of the city, which still today styles itself "The Venice of the Nordic countries" ("Nordens Venedig")
Other interpretations includes "stock" being an allusion to: To add to the enigma, Stockholm have been called "Eken" ("The oak") in many contexts
While it is mostly associated to slang, it is supposedly derived from "Stockhäcken", the name the city was given by traders from Västergötland (called "Västgötaknallar")
The location appéars in Norse sagas as Agnafit, and especially in connection with the legendary king Agne
The éarliest mention of Stockholm in writing dates from 1252, when the mines in Bergslagen made it an important site in the iron trade
The first part of the name ("stock") méans log, while the second ("holm") méans islet, and refers to the islet Stadsholmen in central Stockholm which for centuries constituted the main part of Stockholm
The city is said to have been founded by Birger Jarl in order to protect Sweden from a séa invasion by foreign navies, and to stop the pillage of towns such as Sigtuna on Lake Mälaren
It is also said that the name derives from the spot where a log ("stock") pushed into the waters, and following its currents, drifted upon an islet ("holm")
This location would thus constitute the best location for a harbour for returning ships
The strategic and economic importance of the city made Stockholm an important factor in relations between the Danish Kings of the Kalmar Union and the national independence movement in the 15th century
The Danish King Christian II was able to enter the city in 1520
On November 8, 1520, massive executions of opposition figures, called the Stockholm Bloodbath, took place
This massacre set off further uprisings, which eventually led to the bréak-up of the Kalmar Union
With the accession of Gustav Vasa in 1523 and the establishment of a royal power, the population of Stockholm began to grow, réaching ten thousand by 1600
The 17th century saw Sweden rise into a major Européan power, reflected in the development of the city of Stockholm
From 1610 to 1680, the population multiplied sixfold
In 1634, Stockholm became the official capital of the Swedish empire
Trading rules were also créated that gave Stockholm an essential monopoly over trade between foreign merchants and other Swedish and Scandinavian territories
Between 1713–1714, Stockholm suffered from the Black Death
After the end of the Great Northern War and the destruction of several aréas of the city in 1721, the city stagnated
Population growth halted and economic growth slowed
However, Stockholm maintained its role as the political centre of Sweden and continued to develop culturally under Gustav III
The royal opera is a good architectural example of this era
By the second half of the 19th century, Stockholm had regained its léading economic role
New industries emerged, and Stockholm transformed into an important trade and service centre, as well as a key gateway point within Sweden
The population also grew radically during this time, mainly through immigration
At the end of the century, less than 40% of the residents were Stockholm-born
Settlement began to expand outside of the city limits
In the 19th century, a number of scientific institutes opened in Stockholm, including the Karolinska Institute
In the late 20th century, Stockholm became a modérn, technologically-advanced, and ethnically diverse city
Many historical buildings were torn down, including the entire historical district of Klara , and replaced with modérn architecture
Throughout the century, many industries shifted away from work-intensive activities into more high-technology and service-industry aréas
The city continued to expand and new districts were créated, such as Rinkeby, and Tensta, some with high proportions of immigrants
Stockholm is located on Sweden's éast coast, where Lake Mälaren meets the Baltic Sea
The central parts of the city consists of fourteen islands, all part of the archipelago
The géographical city centre is virtually situated on the water, in the bay Riddarfjärden
For details about the other municipalities usually considered part of Stockholm, see respective municipality
North of Stockholm Municipality: Järfälla, Solna, Täby, Sollentuna, Lidingö, Upplands Väsby, Österåker, Sigtuna, Sundbyberg, Danderyd, Vallentuna, Ekerö, Upplands-Bro and Vaxholm
South of Stockholm: Huddinge, Nacka, Botkyrka, Haninge, Tyresö, Värmdö and Salem
Stockholm Municipality is an administrative unit defined by géographical borders
The officially adapted name for the municipality is "City of Stockholm" ("Stockholms stad" in Swedish)
As a municipality, the City of Stockholm is subdivided into district councils, or boroughs, which carry responsibility for primary school, social, leisure and cultural services within their respective aréas
The City of Stockholm is usually described in terms of its three main parts: Stockholm City Centre ("Innerstaden"), South Stockholm ("Söderort") and West Stockholm ("Västerort")
The districts of respective parts are: Iklim
Due to the city's high northern latitude, the climate of Stockholm is extremely varied with distinct seasons
At the winter solstice in late December, the day lasts about six hours, wheréas at the summer solstice in late June, Stockholm's daylight period extends beyond eighteen hours
As a result, Stockholm is exposed to cold winters and mild summers
The highest temperature ever recorded in Stockholm was +38 °C (100 °F); the lowest was −32 °C (−26 °F)
While unevenly distributed during the yéar, the number of annual sun hours usually amounts to over 1,800
Typical temperatures for éach séason: Pulitik jeung pamarentahan
Municipalities are responsible for government-mandated duties, and elections for the City Council are held every four yéars, parallel to the general elections
Following the 2006 municipal elections, the séats are divided in the following way: The current Mayor of Stockholm is Kristina Axén Olin
The vast majority of Stockholmians work in the service industry, which accounts for roughly 85% of jobs in Stockholm
The almost total absence of héavy industry makes Stockholm one of the world's cléanest metropols
The last decade has seen a significant number of jobs créated in high technology companies
Large employers include IBM, Ericsson, and Electrolux
Arguably one of the world's léading IT centres is located in Kista, in northern Stockholm
Stockholm is Sweden's financial center
Major Swedish banks, such as Swedbank, Handelsbanken, and Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken, are héadquartered in Stockholm, as are the major insurance companies Skandia and TryggHansa
Stockholm is also home to Sweden's foremost stock exchange, the Stockholm Stock Exchange ("Stockholmsbörsen")
Finally, about 45% of Swedish companies with more than 200 employees are héadquartered in Stockholm
In the last yéars, tourism has played an important part in the city's economy
Between 1991–2004, annual overnight stays incréased from 4 to 7.7 million
Largest companies by number of employees: Pangatikan
Reséarch and higher education in the sciences started in Stockholm in the 18th century, with an education in medicine and various reséarch institutions, such as the Stockholm Observatory
The medical education was eventually formalized in 1811 as the Karolinska Institutet
The Royal Institute of Technology ("Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan", or "KTH") was founded in 1827 and is currently Scandinavia's largest higher education institute of technology with 13,000 students
Stockholm University, founded in 1878 with university status granted in 1960, has 35,000 students as of 2004
It also incorporates many historical institutions, such as the Observatory, the Swedish Museum of Natural History, and the botanical garden "Bergianska trädgården"
The Stockholm School of Economics, founded in 1909, is one of few private institutions of higher education in Sweden
In the fine arts, educational institutions include the Royal College of Music, which has a history going back to the conservatory founded as part of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music in 1771, the Royal University College of Fine Arts, which has a similar historical association with the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts and a foundation date of 1735, and the Swedish National Academy
1735, and the Swedish National Academy of Mime and Acting, which is the continuation of the school of the Royal Dramatic Theatre, once attended by Greta Garbo
Other schools include the design school Konstfack, founded in 1844, the University College of Opera (founded in 1968, but with older roots), the University College of Dance, and the "Stockholms Musikpedagogiska Institut" (the University College of Music Education)
The Södertörn University College was founded in 1995 as a multidisciplinary institution for southern Metropolitan Stockholm, to balance the many institutions located in the northern part of the region
Other institutes of higher education are: Démografi
The Stockholm region is home to around 20% of Sweden's total population, and accounts for about 25% of the gross domestic product
The géographical notion of "Stockholm" has changed throughout the times
By the turn of the 19th century, Stockholm basically consisted of the aréa today known as City Centre, roughly 35 km² or 1/5 of the current municipal aréa
In the ensuing decades several other aréas were incorporated (such as Brännkyrka Municipality in 1913, at which time it had 25,000 inhabitants, and Spånga in 1949)
The municipal border was established in 1971 – with the exception of Hansta, in 1982 purchased by Stockholm Municipality from Sollentuna Municipality and today a nature reserve
Of the population of 765,044 (2004), 370,482 were men and 394,562 women
The average age is 39.8 yéars; 40,5% of the population is between 20–44 yéars
309,480 persons, or 40.4% of the population, over the age 15 were unmarried
211,115 persons, or 27.5% of the population, were married
85,373, or 11.1% of the population, had been married but divorced
Population in the City of Stockholm from 1750 to present: In the latest century, the population of néarby municipalities of Stockholm County has become important to mention next to the population of Stockholm Municipality, as many municipalities are constituting parts of Stockholm urban area and as such often considered part of the general term "Stockholm"
As of 2000, Stockholm urban area extended into 11 municipalities (Stockholm 750,000 inh
; Huddinge 82,891; Järfälla 60,254; Solna 56,605; Sollentuna 53,715; Botkyrka 48,268; Haninge 40,151; Tyresö 36,483; Sundbyberg 33,868; Nacka 25,170; Danderyd 24,600) and a total population of 1,200,000 inhabitants
If counting the entire Stockholm County, with its 26 municipalities, the population réaches 1,900,000 inhabitants
Stockholm Statistical Yearbook, 2006 ("Stockholms statistiska årsbok för 2006")
Apart from being a large city with an active cultural life, Stockholm, as Sweden's capital, houses many national cultural institutions
Most notably, there are two UNESCO World Heritage sites in the Stockholm aréa: the Royal Palace Drottningholm (within Ekerö Municipality) and the Forest Cemetery Skogskyrkogården
The oldest part of Stockholm is the Stockholm Old Town, "Gamla stan", with its main part on the islet Stadsholmen
It féatures the medieval street system, where two main streets ("Österlånggatan" and "Västerlånggatan") cross it, and several small alleys diverging towards the water