Урок 31. Natural world of the UK and Russia
Предмет: Английский язык, 8 класс

Lesson 31

Natural World of the UK and Russia

In this lesson

you will read and talk about flora and fauna of the UK and Russia
you will learn how to use coordinate conjunctions (both … and, either … or, neither … nor) to link the parts of the sentences

Ключевые слова: natural world, animal, plant, species, flora, fauna, wildlife, moorland, forest, cultivated area, mammal, insect, numerous, common, unique, wild flower, selection, abound in.

Речевой материал: natural world, grammar (both … and, either … or, neither … nor).

Основное содержание урока

The wildlife includes both flora and fauna. Let us review the unique wildlife of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Britain was originally a land of vast forests. Oak, elm, ash, and beech are the most common trees in England. Pine and birch are most common in Scotland. Over the centuries, much of the forest area was cleared for cultivation.

The Highlands are largely moorland with heather and grasses. In the cultivated areas that make up most of Britain there are many wild flowers, flowering plants and grasses.

The fauna or animal life of Britain includes an incredible selection of animals. Many larger mammals such as bear, wolf have been hunted to extinction, others are now protected by law. There are many foxes. Otters are common either along rivers or streams, and seals live along the coast. Hedgehogs, hares, rabbits, rats and mice are numerous. Deer live in the forests in the Highlands of Scotland and England.

About 230 species of birds reside in the United Kingdom, and another 200 are regular visitors. The most numerous are blackbirds, sparrow and starling. A robin redbreast is the national bird of Britain.

The rivers and lakes abound in different kind of fish. There are more than 21,000 species of insects.

Тренировочные задания

1.

Match the words with their meanings.

species
wildlife
insects
flora
fauna
animals, birds and plants that live in natural conditions
all the plants that grow in a particular area
all the animals that live in a particular area
small animals that have six legs and often have wings
a plant or animal group whose members all have similar general features

2.

Put the letters in order to make up words.

unaaltr rwlod
fanau
ndorlamo
maalmm
dwli eflwro

3.

Give the translation of the words below.

hedgehog
Robin Redbreast
otter
seals
starling

4.

Match the words to make up phrases.

natural	a) flower
cultivated	b) area
wild	c) fish
abound in	d) selection
incredible	e) world

5.

Complete the sentences with appropriate word.

The wildlife includes both flora and ________.
Britain was originally a land of vast ________.
Fauna of Britain includes an incredible selection of ________.
Many larger ________ such as bear, wolf can be found here.
These rivers and lakes abound in ________.

6.

Choose the correct conjunction.

In this game, you either/both/neither win or/and/nor lose. It depends on you.
Both/Either/Neither Sue and/or/nor Sara will help you with your homework. They are both busy at the moment.
This is my offer. You either/neither/both take it or/nor/and leave it.
Both/Either/Neither Ryan and/or/nor Susie have disappointed me. They didn't come to my birthday party.
Both/Either/Neither Linda and/or/nor Helen called to say sorry. I’m very sad and frustrated.

7.

Guess the animals and birds.

A _____ is a wild animal similar to a large dog that lives in groups.
A _____ forms a shape like a ball when it is threatened.
A _____ is the national bird of Britain.
A _____ is a small animal with long ears and soft fur that some people keep as a pet.
A _____ is a small brown bird that is common in the UK and northern Europe

8.

Complete the text with the corresponding words (mammals, deer, bird, seal, species)

There are many interesting native ________ in Britain, some very rare indeed. Different kinds of birds, fish, and ________ that can be found here. There are many foxes, hares, rabbits, and ________. Various species of ________, whale and dolphin are found on or around British shores and coastlines. Well-known ________ species of Great Britain include the golden eagle, pigeon and sparrow.

Контрольные задания

Вариант 1

1.

Match the words.

natural	a) redbreast
mammal	b) plants
wild	c) species
pine	d) forest
flowering	e) animals
robin	f) world

2.

Read the text and fill in the gaps with the words derived from the capitalized words in the brackets.

There are ______ (VARY) kinds of vegetation in this country as well. The flora here is less rich as that in ______ (SOUTH) countries.

Oak, ash, beech and elm are the most common trees. Great Britain is also popular for its moorland ______ (COVER) with heather.

There are no big forests in Great Britain. Sherwood forest is one ______ (POPULAR). It is located to the north of London.

The fauna of the British Isles has much in common with that of European mainland. In some areas there are foxes, bears and otters. Along the ______ (NORTH) coast you may see seals.

3.

Choose the appropriate conjunction.

This is my offer. You either/neither/both take it or/nor/and leave it.
You can use either/neither/both this computer or/nor/and the other one. Someone must fix them first.
Either/Neither/Both loyalty or/nor/and honesty are essential in a friendship.
Who wrote you this love letter? - I'm not sure. I think it was either/neither/both Michael or/nor/and Paul.
You should either/neither/both disrespect or/nor/and deceive your friends.

Вариант 2

1.

Match the words.

mammal	a) world
flowering	b) animals
robin	c) redbreast
pine	d) plants
natural	e) species
wild	f) forest

2.

Read the text and fill in the gaps with the words derived from the capitalized words in the brackets.

There are _________ (VARY) kinds of vegetation in this country as well. The flora here is less rich as that in _________ (SOUTH) countries.

Oak, ash, beech and elm are the most common trees. Great Britain is also popular for its moorland _________ (COVER) with heather.

There are no big forests in Great Britain. Sherwood forest is one _________ (POPULAR). It is located to the north of London.

The fauna of the British Isles has much in common with that of European mainland. In some areas there are foxes, bears and otters. Along the _________ (NORTH) coast you may see seals.

3.

Choose the appropriate conjunction.

You should either/neither/both disrespect or/nor/and deceive your friends.
You can use either/neither/both this computer or/nor/and the other one. Someone must fix them first.
Who wrote you this love letter? - I'm not sure. I think it was either/neither/both Michael or/nor/and Paul.
This is my offer. You either/neither/both take it or/nor/and leave it.
Either/Neither/Both loyalty or/nor/and honesty are essential in a friendship.