Урок 48. Hypothetical situations
Предмет: Английский язык, 8 класс

8 класс

Lesson 48

Hypothetical situations

In this lesson

you will listen, read and talk about your interests;
you will learn about conditionals and you will be able to use them in speech;
you will also revise how to form tenses.

Ключевые слова: conditionals, type 0, type 1, type 2, type 3, hypothetical situations, if I were you, well known truth, imaginary past, imaginary future, if, when, unless.

Речевой материал: введение грамматического понятия conditionals разных типов, случаи их употребления, тренировка использования conditionals в речи

Пояснения:

В английском языке существует 4 типа условных предложений. Они называются нулевой, первый, второй и третий.
Нулевой тип условных предложений описывает общеизвестные истины. В обоих частях условного предложения данного типа используется Present Simple.
Первый тип условных предложений рассказывает планы на будущее. В придаточной части условного предложения первого типа используется Present Simple, а в главной – Future Simple.
Второй тип условных предложений рассказывает о нереальных ситуациях в настоящем или будущем. В придаточной части предложения этого типа используется Past Simple, а в главной – could/would + V1.
Третий тип условных предложений выражает сожаления о прошлом, или нереальные ситуации в прошлом. В придаточном предложении такого типа используется Past Perfect, а в главном - would/could + have + V3/Ved in the main part.
Помимо “if”, для введения придаточных предложений можно использовать “when” и “unless”. Unless означает «до тех пор, пока нет»

Основное содержание урока

Don’t believe if anybody tells you that the Earth goes round the Moon.

If the weather is fine, we will go for a walk in the park.

If I were you, I would study hard to pass my RNE exam.

If I hadn’t eaten pizza, I would have been fit now.

All these sentences have one common feature. They all have some conditions. That’s why this type of sentences is called conditionals.

There are 4 types of Conditionals in the English language. They are called:

Zero Conditional
First Conditional
Second Conditional
Third Conditional

Let’s have a closer look at each of these types.

The Zero Conditional is used when we talk about something which is well known to everybody. For example: If you heat water, it boils.
In case of the Zero Conditional, we should use Present Simple in the both parts of the sentence.

The First Conditional is used when we talk about our future plans. For example: If the weather is fine, we will go for a walk in the park.
In case of the First Conditional, we should use Present Simple in the if-part of the sentence and Future Simple in the main part of the sentence.

The Second Conditional is used when we want to talk about some situation in the present or in the future that is not real. For example: If I were you, I would study hard to pass my RNE exam.
In case of the Second Conditional, we should use Past Simple in the if-part and would/could + V1 in the main part

The Third Conditional is used when we want to talk about some situation in the past, that is not real, or we want to regret about something. For example:
In case of the Third Conditional, we should use Past Perfect in the if-part and would/could + have + V3/Ved in the main part.

We should also remember the if-part of the sentence don’t necessarily must start with “if”.

We can also use “when” or “unless”. Unless means “if not”.

Тренировочные упражнения

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the verb.

If the weather is fine, we ____________ (go) for a walk.
If I had a lot of money, I ____________ (buy) a house of my dream.
If he ____________ (not hurry) so much, he wouldn’t have had an accident.
If you ____________ (heat) water, it boils.
If I see her, I ____________ (tell) her the news.

Write if or when.

We can’t go for a walk ___ the rain stops.
___ it snows a lot, we won’t go to school.
I want to go to the cinema ___ it’s on Sunday because I have a picnic with my parents.
___ it rains till tomorrow, the town will be flooded.
___ he is qualified, he can’t enter the contest.

Choose the correct answer.

I _______ if I had looked at the map better.

1)

have lost

2)

would have lost

3)

would not have lost

If he doesn’t do his homework, he _______ a bad mark.

1)

would have got

2)

will get

3)

will not get

If she ________ late, she would not have missed the train.

1)

had not left

2)

had left

3)

would have left

If I were you, I _________ study French.

1)

would

2)

had study

3)

had not study

If I lived in the countryside, I would ________ fresh air every day.

1)

will breath

2)

would breath

3)

had breathed

Match the parts of the sentences.

If the weather is good,

he wouldn’t have missed his plane.

If he had taken a taxi,

he wouldn’t have been late for work.

If I were a millionaire,

I will walk my dog in the park.

If he hadn’t missed the bus in the morning,

I would build a hospital for animals.

Choose the correct answer.

If I were in you, I would stay/would have stayed at home today.
If he hadn’t called me, I wouldn’t have known/will not know the news.
If I had set up an alarm clock, I wouldn’t have been/would be late to work.
If I get this job position, I would have earned/will earn a lot of money.
If I were in his position, I wouldn’t have been/wouldn’t get so disappointed because of this.

Complete the sentences with the correct present forms of the verbs in brackets.

We ___________ (have) some coffee if we have a break.
If we had vacation in summer, we ___________ (spend) it in Peru.
If she ___________ (listen) carefully, she wouldn’t have made so many mistakes in her project.
I ___________ (never do) such a terrible thing if I were you.
He ___________ (find) a good job if he studies well.

Choose the correct answer.

1) It’s freezing outside. If I were you, I would put/will put the coat on.

2) If Adam had studied better, he would have passed/would pass his exams.

3) If he had left home earlier, he would catch/would have caught the bus.

4) If Sam invited me to the restaurant tonight, I would go/would have go.

5) If she is late again, I will call/will have called her mum.

Choose the correct answer.

If I have free time in the evening, I ___________ you.

1)

would have visited

2)

visit

3)

will visit

If Ann lived in the countryside, she ___________ happy.

1)

will not be

2)

would not be

3)

would not have been

If she had driven carefully, she ___________ an accident.

1)

would not have had

2)

would have

3)

will have

If he had brought the newspaper, I ___________ the news.

1)

would have known

2)

will know

3)

would knew

If I were in Spain, I ___________ Spanish.

1)

knew

2)

would know

3)

would have known

Контрольные задания

Вариант 1

1.

Put the verbs in brackets in their correct form.

1) If I go to Paris, I ___________ (see) the Eiffel tower.

2) If I had a million dollars, I ___________ (help) poor people.

3) If he is busy at the moment, I ____________ (call) him later.

4) If I finish my homework, I ____________ (go) to the cinema.

5) The water ____________ (freeze) when the temperature is below zero.

6) If he knew English, he ____________ (find) a better job.

7) If Alice were here, she ____________ (help) us.

8) If I had bought that dress yesterday, I ____________ (spend) all money that I had.

9) If I were you, I ____________ (tell) the truth to your parents.

2.

Choose the correct answer.

If we had known the situation, we ____________ him.

1)

would have helped

2)

would help

3)

will help

If he had been running faster, he ____________ the race.

1)

will win

2)

would have won

3)

would win

If the teacher hadn’t been so rude to her, she ____________ so upset.

1)

wouldn’t have been

2)

would been

3)

will have been

If I were you, I ____________.

1)

would confess

2)

will confess

3)

would not have confessed

You are so sick. If I were you, I ____________ to the doctor.

1)

would have gone

2)

would go

3)

will go

3.

Choose the correct answer.

If/Unless you finish your homework, we will go to the park.
I’ll go to the party if/unless she invites me.
If/Unless they invite me to the picnic, I will not go.
She can’t come to the party if/unless I call her.
He will be late if/unless he hurries up.
If/Unless she doesn’t hurry up, she will be late to school.

Вариант 2

1.

Put the verbs in brackets in their correct form.

1) If I don’t find Jack at home, I ____________ (leave) him a message.

2) If he had taken his pills yesterday, he ____________ (feel) better today.

3) If he had not been so frustrated, he ____________ (not miss) the bus.

4) Had I time, I ____________ (study) Spanish.

5) If I were you, I ____________ (go) there myself.

6) If you heat water, it ____________ (boil).

7) If you had gone to the party, you ____________ (see) Alan.

8) If I were you, I ____________ (call) your mom.

9) If I could, I ____________ (cycle) a lot.

2.

Choose the correct answer.

We ______________ for a ride if the weather is fine.

1)

would have gone

2)

would go

3)

will go

If you had gone to bed earlier yesterday you ____________ late to school.

1)

will be

2)

wouldn’t have been

3)

would have been

If I had more free time, I ______________ to the mountains this weekend.

1)

would have gone

2)

would go

3)

will have gone

If I had known earlier, I ______________ you.

1)

would help

2)

will help

3)

would have helped

If you pass your exam well, I ______________ you a car.

1)

will bought

2)

would have bought

3)

will buy

3.

Choose the correct answer.

I will not go to the park if/unless the weather is fine.
He won’t wake up if/unless you set the alarm clock.
We will stay at home if/unless it rains.
I’ll be upset if/unless my friend doesn’t win.
If/Unless she doesn’t study, she will fail her exam.
If/Unless she studies, she will fail.