import Mathlib.Tactic

/-!
Self-contained slice extracted for Section 3.5 target theorem.
-/

namespace Chapter3

universe u v

/-- The axioms of Zermelo-Frankel theory with atoms.  -/
class SetTheory where
  Set : Type u -- Axiom 3.1
  Object : Type v -- Axiom 3.1
  set_to_object : Set ↪ Object -- Axiom 3.1
  mem : Object → Set → Prop -- Axiom 3.1
  extensionality X Y : (∀ x, mem x X ↔ mem x Y) → X = Y -- Axiom 3.2
  emptyset: Set -- Axiom 3.3
  emptyset_mem x : ¬ mem x emptyset -- Axiom 3.3
  singleton : Object → Set -- Axiom 3.4
  singleton_axiom x y : mem x (singleton y) ↔ x = y -- Axiom 3.4
  union_pair : Set → Set → Set -- Axiom 3.5
  union_pair_axiom X Y x : mem x (union_pair X Y) ↔ (mem x X ∨ mem x Y) -- Axiom 3.5
  specify A (P: Subtype (mem . A) → Prop) : Set -- Axiom 3.6
  specification_axiom A (P: Subtype (mem . A) → Prop) :
    (∀ x, mem x (specify A P) → mem x A) ∧ ∀ x, mem x.val (specify A P) ↔ P x -- Axiom 3.6
  replace A (P: Subtype (mem . A) → Object → Prop)
    (hP: ∀ x y y', P x y ∧ P x y' → y = y') : Set -- Axiom 3.7
  replacement_axiom A (P: Subtype (mem . A) → Object → Prop)
    (hP: ∀ x y y', P x y ∧ P x y' → y = y') : ∀ y, mem y (replace A P hP) ↔ ∃ x, P x y -- Axiom 3.7
  nat : Set -- Axiom 3.8
  nat_equiv : ℕ ≃ Subtype (mem . nat) -- Axiom 3.8
  regularity_axiom A (hA : ∃ x, mem x A) :
    ∃ x, mem x A ∧ ∀ S, x = set_to_object S → ¬ ∃ y, mem y A ∧ mem y S -- Axiom 3.9
  pow : Set → Set → Set -- Axiom 3.11
  function_to_object (X: Set) (Y: Set) :
    (Subtype (mem . X) → Subtype (mem . Y)) ↪ Object -- Axiom 3.11
  powerset_axiom (X: Set) (Y: Set) (F:Object) :
    mem F (pow X Y) ↔ ∃ f: Subtype (mem . Y) → Subtype (mem . X),
    function_to_object Y X f = F -- Axiom 3.11
  union : Set → Set -- Axiom 3.12
  union_axiom A x : mem x (union A) ↔ ∃ S, mem x S ∧ mem (set_to_object S) A -- Axiom 3.12

-- This enables one to use `Set` and `Object` instead of `SetTheory.Set` and `SetTheory.Object`.
export SetTheory (Set Object nat)

-- This instance implicitly imposes the axioms of Zermelo-Frankel set theory with atoms.
variable [SetTheory]

/-- Definition 3.1.1 (objects can be elements of sets) -/
instance SetTheory.objects_mem_sets : Membership Object Set where
  mem X x := mem x X

/-- This defines the subtype `A.toSubtype` for any `A:Set`. -/
abbrev SetTheory.Set.toSubtype (A:Set) := Subtype (fun x ↦ x ∈ A)

instance : CoeSort (Set) (Type v) where
  coe A := A.toSubtype

abbrev Nat := SetTheory.nat

/-- Axiom 3.8 (Axiom of infinity) -/
def SetTheory.Set.nat_equiv : ℕ ≃ Nat := SetTheory.nat_equiv

-- Below are some API for handling coercions. This may not be the optimal way to set things up.
instance SetTheory.Set.instOfNat {n:ℕ} : OfNat Nat n where
  ofNat := nat_equiv n

instance SetTheory.Set.instNatCast : NatCast Nat where
  natCast n := nat_equiv n

instance SetTheory.Set.toNat : Coe Nat ℕ where
  coe n := nat_equiv.symm n

/-- Exercise 3.5.12, with errata from web site incorporated -/
theorem SetTheory.Set.recursion (X: Set) (f: nat → X → X) (c:X) :
    ∃! a: nat → X, a 0 = c ∧ ∀ n, a (n + 1 : ℕ) = f n (a n) := by
  sorry

/-- Exercise 3.5.13 -/
theorem SetTheory.Set.nat_unique (nat':Set) (zero:nat') (succ:nat' → nat')
  (succ_ne: ∀ n:nat', succ n ≠ zero) (succ_of_ne: ∀ n m:nat', n ≠ m → succ n ≠ succ m)
  (ind: ∀ P: nat' → Prop, P zero → (∀ n, P n → P (succ n)) → ∀ n, P n) :
    ∃! f : nat → nat', Function.Bijective f ∧ f 0 = zero
    ∧ ∀ (n:nat) (n':nat'), f n = n' ↔ f (n+1:ℕ) = succ n' := by
end Chapter3