internlm/SWE-Fixer-Train-110K huggingface dataset:
Repository: OpenMined/PySyft

Issue:
Reciprocal test enchantment negative numbers
## Description
Test the ```reciprocal``` method from precision using negative numbers

## Expected Behavior
All tests are passing

## Screenshots
If applicable, add screenshots to help explain your problem.

## Additional Context
It might require changes to the reciprocal method


Discussion:
I guess the Log and NR method are a problem. Division works fine.. Will look into the issue
Adding you :)
> I guess the Log and NR method are a problem. Division works fine.. Will look into the issue

Also, there might be worth checking out how [CrypTen](https://github.com/facebookresearch/CrypTen) is doing - if they take into consideration negative values.

If not, one idea (it might not be the greatest) is to use symmetry.

Resolving patch:
diff --git a/syft/frameworks/torch/tensors/interpreters/precision.py b/syft/frameworks/torch/tensors/interpreters/precision.py
--- a/syft/frameworks/torch/tensors/interpreters/precision.py
+++ b/syft/frameworks/torch/tensors/interpreters/precision.py
@@ -468,6 +468,19 @@ def matmul(self, *args, **kwargs):
     __matmul__ = matmul
     mm = matmul
 
+    def signum(self):
+        """
+            Calculation of signum function for a given tensor
+        """
+        sgn = (self > 0) - (self < 0)
+        return sgn
+
+    def modulus(self):
+        """
+            Calculation of modulus for a given tensor
+        """
+        return self.signum() * self
+
     def reciprocal(self, method="NR", nr_iters=10):
         r"""
         Calculate the reciprocal using the algorithm specified in the method args.
@@ -488,15 +501,17 @@ def reciprocal(self, method="NR", nr_iters=10):
         """
 
         if method.lower() == "nr":
-            result = 3 * (0.5 - self).exp() + 0.003
+            new_self = self.modulus()
+            result = 3 * (0.5 - new_self).exp() + 0.003
             for i in range(nr_iters):
-                result = 2 * result - result * result * self
-            return result
+                result = 2 * result - result * result * new_self
+            return result * self.signum()
         elif method.lower() == "division":
             ones = self * 0 + 1
             return ones / self
         elif method.lower() == "log":
-            return (-self.log()).exp()
+            new_self = self.modulus()
+            return (-new_self.log()).exp() * self.signum()
         else:
             raise ValueError(f"Invalid method {method} given for reciprocal function")
 


Test patch:
diff --git a/test/torch/tensors/test_precision.py b/test/torch/tensors/test_precision.py
--- a/test/torch/tensors/test_precision.py
+++ b/test/torch/tensors/test_precision.py
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ def test_methods_for_linear_module(method, parameter):
 def test_reciprocal(workers):
     bob, alice, james = (workers["bob"], workers["alice"], workers["james"])
 
-    tensor = torch.tensor([1.0, 2.0, 3.0])
+    tensor = torch.tensor([-2.0, 6.0, 2.0, 3.0, -5.0, -0.5])
     x = tensor.fix_prec()
     result = x.reciprocal(method="division").float_prec()
     assert torch.isclose(tensor.reciprocal(), result, rtol=1e-2).all()
Repository: OpenMined/PySyft

Issue:
Print warning if calling fix_precision() on a CUDA-tensor
## Description
Currently when calling fix_precision() on a CUDA tensor will automatically first shift that tensor to the CPU to then call fix_precision() on it. It would be useful to issue a warning whenever this happens to warn the user that he might have intended to let the tensor be implicitly shifted to the CPU. 

## Are you interested in working on this improvement yourself?
If nobody is interested in the next week I could do it. 

## Additional Context
As discussed with @gmuraru and @LaRiffle 



Discussion:

Resolving patch:
diff --git a/syft/frameworks/torch/tensors/interpreters/additive_shared.py b/syft/frameworks/torch/tensors/interpreters/additive_shared.py
--- a/syft/frameworks/torch/tensors/interpreters/additive_shared.py
+++ b/syft/frameworks/torch/tensors/interpreters/additive_shared.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import math
 import torch
 import warnings
+import logging
 
 import syft as sy
 from syft.frameworks.torch.mpc import crypto_protocol
@@ -344,6 +345,10 @@ def generate_shares(self, secret, n_workers, random_type):
         """
         random_type = torch.LongTensor if random_type == torch.int64 else torch.IntTensor
         if not isinstance(secret, random_type):
+            if secret.device == torch.device("cuda"):
+                logging.warning("CUDA tensors were automatically shifted to CPU before encryption.")
+                # implicit shifting to CPU happens in the next line - explicit change of type
+
             secret = secret.type(random_type)
 
         random_shares = [random_type(secret.shape) for _ in range(n_workers - 1)]
diff --git a/syft/frameworks/torch/tensors/interpreters/paillier.py b/syft/frameworks/torch/tensors/interpreters/paillier.py
--- a/syft/frameworks/torch/tensors/interpreters/paillier.py
+++ b/syft/frameworks/torch/tensors/interpreters/paillier.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import syft as sy
 import numpy as np
 import torch as th
+import logging
 
 from syft.generic.abstract.tensor import AbstractTensor
 from syft.generic.frameworks.hook import hook_args
@@ -49,6 +50,9 @@ def encrypt_(self, public_key):
             *public_key a public key created using
                 syft.frameworks.torch.he.paillier.keygen()
         """
+        if self.child.device == th.device("cuda"):
+            logging.warning("CUDA tensors were automatically shifted to CPU before encryption.")
+            # implicit shifting to CPU happens in the next line through '.tolist()'
 
         inputs = self.child.flatten().tolist()
         new_child = sy.pool().map(public_key.encrypt, inputs)


Test patch:
Repository: OpenMined/PySyft

Issue:
Small correction in Sample Code Block of sy.core.pointer.pointer 
## Where?
Where are you looking to add documentation? Which file? Which feature?

In directory PySyft/src/syft/core/pointer directory, there is a python file, pointer.py.
The example code in the python file can be viewed by the user by executing the following command:

import syft as sy
sy.core.pointer.pointer?

The example code in the output of above command is as follows:

Example:

.. code-block::

    # creating the data holder domain
    domain_1 = Domain(name="Data holder domain")

    # creating dummy data
    tensor = th.tensor([1, 2, 3])

    # creating the data holder client
    domain_1_client = domain_1.get_root_client()

    # sending the data to the client and receiving a pointer of that data.
    data_ptr_domain_1 = tensor.send(domain_1_client) # or tensor.send_to(domain_1_client)

    # creating the data user domain
    domain_2 = Domain(name="Data user domain")

    # creating a request to access the data
    data_ptr_domain_1.request(
        name="My Request", reason="I'd lke to see this pointer"
    )

    # getting the remote id of the object
    requested_object = data_ptr_domain_1.id_at_location

    message_request_id = domain_1_client.request_queue.get_request_id_from_object_id(
        object_id=requested_object
    )

    # the data holder accepts the request
    domain_1.requests[0].owner_client_if_available = domain_1_client
    domain_1.requests[0].accept()

    # the data user checks if the data holder approved his request
    response = data_ptr_domain_1.check_access(node=domain_2, request_id=message_request_id)


**The following line is where the issue is:**

# getting the request id
    message_request_id = domain_1_client.request_queue.get_request_id_from_object_id(
        object_id=requested_object
    )

**Error Generated by the line is:**

AttributeError: 'DomainClient' object has no attribute 'request_queue'

**Solution** :

Replacing "request_queue" to "requests" solves the issue.


Discussion:
Can I do the corrections in the documentation for this issue?
@rajatrc1705 good spot, thank you! 👍🏼 

Resolving patch:
diff --git a/src/syft/core/pointer/pointer.py b/src/syft/core/pointer/pointer.py
--- a/src/syft/core/pointer/pointer.py
+++ b/src/syft/core/pointer/pointer.py
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
     requested_object = data_ptr_domain_1.id_at_location
 
     # getting the request id
-    message_request_id = domain_1_client.request_queue.get_request_id_from_object_id(
+    message_request_id = domain_1_client.requests.get_request_id_from_object_id(
         object_id=requested_object
     )
 


Test patch:
Repository: OpenMined/PySyft

Issue:
Handler Serde
## Description
The `duet.requests.handler` return value is broken currently due to serialization errors.

```
TypeError: You tried to deserialize an unsupported type. This can be caused by several reasons. Either you are actively writing Syft code and forgot to create one, or you are trying to deserialize an object which was serialized using a different version of Syft and the object you tried to deserialize is not supported in this version.
```

## How to Reproduce
Run: `duet.requests.handler`

## Expected Behavior
No error

## Additional Context
We will be refactoring this anyway.


Discussion:
want to work on this

Resolving patch:
diff --git a/src/syft/core/node/domain/service/request_handler_service.py b/src/syft/core/node/domain/service/request_handler_service.py
--- a/src/syft/core/node/domain/service/request_handler_service.py
+++ b/src/syft/core/node/domain/service/request_handler_service.py
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ def get_protobuf_schema() -> GeneratedProtocolMessageType:
         return UpdateRequestHandlerMessage_PB
 
 
+@bind_protobuf
 class GetAllRequestHandlersMessage(ImmediateSyftMessageWithReply):
     def __init__(
         self, address: Address, reply_to: Address, msg_id: Optional[UID] = None
@@ -188,6 +189,7 @@ def get_protobuf_schema() -> GeneratedProtocolMessageType:
         return GetAllRequestHandlersMessage_PB
 
 
+@bind_protobuf
 class GetAllRequestHandlersResponseMessage(ImmediateSyftMessageWithoutReply):
     def __init__(
         self,
diff --git a/src/syft/util.py b/src/syft/util.py
--- a/src/syft/util.py
+++ b/src/syft/util.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ def validate_type(_object: object, _type: type, optional: bool = False) -> Any:
 def validate_field(_object: object, _field: str) -> Any:
     object = getattr(_object, _field, None)
 
-    if object:
+    if object is not None:
         return object
 
     traceback_and_raise(f"Object {_object} has no {_field} field set.")


Test patch:
Repository: OpenMined/PySyft

Issue:
Change get_root_data_path to use HOME dir
## Description
We probably need to change `get_root_data_path` in utils to use some kind of HOME dir thats cross platform.
The `Path` class in `pathlib` library includes a `Path.home` so hopefully that works on all 3 platforms.

The goal is that when Syft Examples are used that their datasets are downloaded to a common shared location.
This could be something like `~/.syft/data` or something similar.

Once this is done the other notebooks which download datasets should also be updated to use this common `get_root_data_path` method like the SuperResolution example.

# Definition of Done
The `get_root_data_path` method uses a common location like user HOME dir, so that it will work as a pip package as well as editable source during `dev`.


Discussion:
So instead of creating a directory as `../pysft/data` use a universal directory `~/.syft/data` or `~/.pysyft/data`.
I am new to this repository and a GSOC aspirant. I will create a PR to resolve this issue.

Resolving patch:
diff --git a/src/syft/util.py b/src/syft/util.py
--- a/src/syft/util.py
+++ b/src/syft/util.py
@@ -589,10 +589,10 @@ def inherit_tags(
 
 def get_root_data_path() -> Path:
     # get the PySyft / data directory to share datasets between notebooks
-    here = Path(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath("__file__")))
-    while os.path.basename(here).lower() != "pysyft" and here != here.parent:
-        here = here.parent
+    # on Linux and MacOS the directory is: ~/.syft/data"
+    # on Windows the directory is: C:/Users/$USER/.syft/data
+
+    data_dir = Path.home() / ".syft" / "data"
 
-    data_dir = here / "data"
     os.makedirs(data_dir, exist_ok=True)
     return data_dir


Test patch:
Repository: OpenMined/PySyft

Issue:
Check and Fix notebook / jupyter client warning on Colab
## Description
This needs to be checked on Colab, since it seems colab has its own outdated versions of notebook and jupyter-client as well.
https://github.com/OpenMined/PySyft/issues/4915

## Definition of Done
Fix for Colab if possible.


Discussion:
`import syft as fy` shows this exception 
```
Exception: Your Jupyter Notebook is too old. Please upgrade to version 6 or higher.
```

and running `pip install --upgrade notebook` shows this error 

```
ERROR: google-colab 1.0.0 has requirement notebook~=5.3.0; python_version >= "3.0", but you'll have notebook 6.2.0 which is incompatible.
ERROR: google-colab 1.0.0 has requirement tornado~=5.1.0; python_version >= "3.0", but you'll have tornado 6.1 which is incompatible.
```

alongside this warning 
```
WARNING: Upgrading ipython, ipykernel, tornado, prompt-toolkit or pyzmq can
cause your runtime to repeatedly crash or behave in unexpected ways and is not
recommended. If your runtime won't connect or execute code, you can reset it
with "Factory reset runtime" from the "Runtime" menu.
```

although the exception goes away after restarting runtime as the notebook is updated.

So, what exactly is the definition of the fix?
@ArtistBanda well, there was a bug with notebook 5.x where it wouldnt work, but I think its unrelated to colab, so in this instance we could allow the `Exception: Your Jupyter Notebook is too old` check to pass if the code is running in colab for now, which is detected by doing this:
```python
if "google.colab" in sys.modules:
```

Resolving patch:
diff --git a/src/syft/core/common/environment.py b/src/syft/core/common/environment.py
--- a/src/syft/core/common/environment.py
+++ b/src/syft/core/common/environment.py
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@
     from packaging import version
 
     NOTEBOOK_VERSION = version.parse(notebook.__version__.split("+")[0])
-    if NOTEBOOK_VERSION < version.parse("6.0.0"):
+    if NOTEBOOK_VERSION < version.parse("6.0.0") and "google.colab" not in sys.modules:
+        # google.colab check to fix issue #5315
         raise Exception(
             "Your Jupyter Notebook is too old. Please upgrade to version 6 or higher."
         )


Test patch:
Repository: OpenMined/PySyft

Issue:
Improving Dict Iterator creation
## Description
Currently, if you trace it, we are making 4 remote `__len__` requests when creating a Dict/OrderedDict remote iterator. Ideally, we should stick to one. The same goes for any Iterator that is being created from Dict (`.values()`, `.items()`, etc).

Snippet to reproduce:
```
import syft as sy
client = sy.VirtualMachine().get_root_client()
iter(client.syft.lib.python.collections.OrderedDict({1: 1, 2: 2}))
```

with a `print(attr_path_and_name)` in `syft/ast/klass.py` at the top of the function `run_class_method`.



Discussion:
This is caused due to the `__iter__` being wrapped multiple times by:

https://github.com/OpenMined/PySyft/blob/261869e50852a24b2d76f3b44a5819050acd9eb8/src/syft/ast/klass.py#L338-L342

For `OrderedDict`: (`items`, `values`, `keys`) return an `Iterator`, hence the  `__iter__` gets wrapped thrice.

I believe the wrapping was done in this manner to account for types that can't be iterated directly (no `__iter__`) but have inbuilt functions that can return an `Iterator`.

To avoid the wrapping multiple times, either a flag can be added within this `for` loop.
Or`wrap_iterator` function can check if `__iter__` has already been wrapped, and skip re-wrapping it (current PR).

@tudorcebere if this seems fine, I'll create a PR.

Resolving patch:
diff --git a/src/syft/ast/klass.py b/src/syft/ast/klass.py
--- a/src/syft/ast/klass.py
+++ b/src/syft/ast/klass.py
@@ -232,6 +232,12 @@ def __iter__(self: Any) -> Iterable:
 
     attr_name = "__iter__"
     iter_target = attrs[attr_name]
+
+    # skip if __iter__ has already been wrapped
+    qual_name = getattr(iter_target, "__qualname__", None)
+    if qual_name and "wrap_iter" in qual_name:
+        return
+
     if not callable(iter_target):
         traceback_and_raise(AttributeError("Can't wrap a non callable iter attribute"))
     else:


Test patch:
Repository: OpenMined/PySyft

Issue:
Adding loguru compatiblity with pytest caplog
## Description
`caplog` fixture in pytest captures the logging output for testing if appropriate warnings have been raised.

By default pytest uses the standard `logging` module, but since we are using `loguru` appropriate patching needs to be added.

## Additional Context
https://loguru.readthedocs.io/en/stable/resources/migration.html#making-things-work-with-pytest-and-caplog



Discussion:

Resolving patch:
diff --git a/src/syft/logger.py b/src/syft/logger.py
--- a/src/syft/logger.py
+++ b/src/syft/logger.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # stdlib
+import logging
 import os
 from typing import Any
 from typing import Callable
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ def remove() -> None:
 
 
 def add(
-    sink: Union[None, str, os.PathLike, TextIO] = None,
+    sink: Union[None, str, os.PathLike, TextIO, logging.Handler] = None,
     level: str = "ERROR",
 ) -> None:
     sink = DEFAULT_SINK if sink is None else sink
@@ -40,7 +41,6 @@ def add(
         logger.add(
             sink=sink,
             format=LOG_FORMAT,
-            enqueue=True,
             colorize=False,
             diagnose=True,
             backtrace=True,


Test patch:
diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py
--- a/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -7,8 +7,10 @@
 """
 
 # stdlib
+import logging
 from typing import Any as TypeAny
 from typing import Dict as TypeDict
+from typing import Generator
 from typing import List as TypeList
 
 # third party
@@ -24,6 +26,17 @@
 logger.remove()
 
 
+@pytest.fixture
+def caplog(caplog: _pytest.logging.LogCaptureFixture) -> Generator:
+    class PropogateHandler(logging.Handler):
+        def emit(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> None:
+            logging.getLogger(record.name).handle(record)
+
+    logger.add(PropogateHandler())
+    yield caplog
+    logger.remove()
+
+
 def pytest_addoption(parser: _pytest.config.argparsing.Parser) -> None:
     parser.addoption(
         "--runslow", action="store_true", default=False, help="run slow tests"
Repository: OpenMined/PySyft

Issue:
slice __repr__
## Description
slice __repr__ causes unnecessary interference, not required.

## How to Reproduce
```
...connect duet...

slice_ptr = sy.lib.python.Slice(1, 2).send(duet)
print(duet.store)
```

`TypeError: __repr__ returned non-string (type StringPointer)`

## Expected Behavior
`[<syft.proxy.syft.lib.python.SlicePointer object at (0xAddress)>]`




Discussion:

Resolving patch:
diff --git a/src/syft/lib/python/__init__.py b/src/syft/lib/python/__init__.py
--- a/src/syft/lib/python/__init__.py
+++ b/src/syft/lib/python/__init__.py
@@ -76,7 +76,6 @@ def create_python_ast(client: Optional[AbstractNodeClient] = None) -> Globals:
         ("syft.lib.python.Slice.__le__", "syft.lib.python.Bool"),
         ("syft.lib.python.Slice.__lt__", "syft.lib.python.Bool"),
         ("syft.lib.python.Slice.__ne__", "syft.lib.python.Bool"),
-        ("syft.lib.python.Slice.__repr__", "syft.lib.python.String"),
         ("syft.lib.python.Slice.__str__", "syft.lib.python.String"),
         ("syft.lib.python.Slice.indices", "syft.lib.python.Tuple"),
         (
diff --git a/src/syft/lib/python/slice.py b/src/syft/lib/python/slice.py
--- a/src/syft/lib/python/slice.py
+++ b/src/syft/lib/python/slice.py
@@ -69,9 +69,6 @@ def __ne__(self, other: Any) -> SyPrimitiveRet:
         res = self.value.__ne__(other)
         return PrimitiveFactory.generate_primitive(value=res)
 
-    def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return self.value.__repr__()
-
     def __str__(self) -> str:
         return self.value.__str__()
 


Test patch:
Repository: OpenMined/PySyft

Issue:
Missing `f` prefix on f-strings
Some strings looks like they're meant to be f-strings but are missing the `f` prefix meaning variable interpolation won't happen.

https://github.com/OpenMined/PySyft/blob/ded31aa5e99bcbfc628cf2027958679b55b48c5c/packages/syft/src/syft/core/tensor/smpc/share_tensor.py#L283
https://github.com/OpenMined/PySyft/blob/ded31aa5e99bcbfc628cf2027958679b55b48c5c/packages/syft/src/syft/core/tensor/smpc/utils.py#L85
https://github.com/OpenMined/PySyft/blob/ded31aa5e99bcbfc628cf2027958679b55b48c5c/packages/syft/tests/syft/grid/messages/messages_test.py#L300

I found this issue automatically. I'm a bot. Beep Boop 🦊. See other issues I found in your repo [here](https://codereview.doctor/OpenMined/PySyft)


Discussion:

Resolving patch:
diff --git a/packages/syft/src/syft/core/tensor/smpc/share_tensor.py b/packages/syft/src/syft/core/tensor/smpc/share_tensor.py
--- a/packages/syft/src/syft/core/tensor/smpc/share_tensor.py
+++ b/packages/syft/src/syft/core/tensor/smpc/share_tensor.py
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ def generate_przs(
             getattr(value, "dtype", None), None
         )
         if ring_size_from_type is None:
-            logger.warning("Could not get ring size from {value}")
+            logger.warning(f"Could not get ring size from {value}")
         else:
             ring_size_final = ring_size_from_type
             numpy_type = value.dtype
diff --git a/packages/syft/src/syft/core/tensor/smpc/utils.py b/packages/syft/src/syft/core/tensor/smpc/utils.py
--- a/packages/syft/src/syft/core/tensor/smpc/utils.py
+++ b/packages/syft/src/syft/core/tensor/smpc/utils.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def get_ring_size(
     """
     if x_ring_size != y_ring_size:
         raise ValueError(
-            "Expected the same ring size for x and y ({x_ring_size} vs {y_ring_size})"
+            f"Expected the same ring size for x and y ({x_ring_size} vs {y_ring_size})"
         )
 
     return x_ring_size


Test patch:
diff --git a/packages/syft/tests/syft/grid/messages/messages_test.py b/packages/syft/tests/syft/grid/messages/messages_test.py
--- a/packages/syft/tests/syft/grid/messages/messages_test.py
+++ b/packages/syft/tests/syft/grid/messages/messages_test.py
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ def test_message(message_name: str, node: sy.VirtualMachine) -> None:
 
     if response_content is None:
         pytest.skip(
-            "{message_name} does not have a response added to the test configuration"
+            f"{message_name} does not have a response added to the test configuration"
         )
 
     res_func = getattr(lib, message_name + "Response")
Repository: OpenMined/PySyft

Issue:
Update hagrid install README instructions
We should change `pip install hagrid` to `pip install -U hagrid` to ensure users get an updated version at all times.

Check the repo for areas where this is written and replace them.


Discussion:

Resolving patch:
diff --git a/packages/hagrid/hagrid/deps.py b/packages/hagrid/hagrid/deps.py
--- a/packages/hagrid/hagrid/deps.py
+++ b/packages/hagrid/hagrid/deps.py
@@ -750,7 +750,7 @@ def hagrid_update_available(
             "A new release of HAGrid is available: "
             + f"{str(current_version)} -> {str(new_version)}."
         ),
-        command=f"pip install hagrid=={new_version}",
+        command=f"pip install -U hagrid=={new_version}",
         solution="You can upgrade HAGrid with pip.",
     )
 


Test patch: