Repository: encode/starlette

Issue:
Gzip Middleware content-length is incorrect
The following exception is thrown when I use uvicorn to drive my starlette project. After control variates, I am sure this is caused by Gzip Middleware.

```
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\h11\_writers.py", line 102, in send_eom
    raise LocalProtocolError("Too little data for declared Content-Length") 
h11._util.LocalProtocolError: Too little data for declared Content-Length
```



Discussion:
I've taken a [quick look over the `GZipMiddleware` class](https://github.com/encode/starlette/blob/master/starlette/middleware/gzip.py), which shows that we are:

* Removing the `Content-Length` header for streaming responses.
* Setting the `Content-Length` header to the GZipped content length of the gzipped body.

All of that looks correct to me. (Although I'm certainly prepared to believe that there *could* be an issue here, it's just that it's not obvious at first sight?)

Can you narrow this down to a simple reproducible case?
Thank you for your reply. But I'm in China, it's already late at night. Tomorrow i will give you a minimal implementation.
```python
from starlette.applications import Starlette
from starlette.middleware.gzip import GZipMiddleware
from starlette.middleware.wsgi import WSGIMiddleware
from starlette.routing import Route

from wsgi_example.wsgi import application


routes = [
    Route("/", endpoint=WSGIMiddleware(application)),
]

app = Starlette(routes=routes)
app.add_middleware(GZipMiddleware)
```

`wsgi_example` is that I use the latest version of django-admin startproject to automatically generate the project without any modification.

running `uvicorn star:app` will output:

```
INFO:     Started server process [13088]
INFO:     Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
INFO:     Waiting for application startup.
INFO:     Application startup complete.
INFO:     127.0.0.1:5247 - "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200
ERROR:    Exception in ASGI application
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\protocols\http\h11_impl.py", line 385, in run_asgi
    result = await app(self.scope, self.receive, self.send)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\middleware\proxy_headers.py", line 45, in __call__
    return await self.app(scope, receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\applications.py", line 102, in __call__
    await self.middleware_stack(scope, receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\middleware\errors.py", line 178, in __call__
    raise exc from None
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\middleware\errors.py", line 156, in __call__
    await self.app(scope, receive, _send)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\middleware\gzip.py", line 18, in __call__
    await responder(scope, receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\middleware\gzip.py", line 35, in __call__
    await self.app(scope, receive, self.send_with_gzip)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\exceptions.py", line 82, in __call__
    raise exc from None
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\exceptions.py", line 71, in __call__
    await self.app(scope, receive, sender)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\routing.py", line 550, in __call__
    await route.handle(scope, receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\routing.py", line 227, in handle
    await self.app(scope, receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\middleware\wsgi.py", line 62, in __call__
    await responder(receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\middleware\wsgi.py", line 91, in __call__
    await asyncio.wait_for(sender, None)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\Lib\asyncio\tasks.py", line 414, in wait_for
    return await fut
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\middleware\wsgi.py", line 106, in sender
    await send(message)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\exceptions.py", line 68, in sender
    await send(message)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\middleware\gzip.py", line 93, in send_with_gzip
    await self.send(message)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\middleware\errors.py", line 153, in _send
    await send(message)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\protocols\http\h11_impl.py", line 486, in send
    output = self.conn.send(event)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\h11\_connection.py", line 469, in send
    data_list = self.send_with_data_passthrough(event)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\h11\_connection.py", line 502, in send_with_data_passthrough
    writer(event, data_list.append)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\h11\_writers.py", line 79, in __call__
    self.send_eom(event.headers, write)
  File "C:\Users\AberS\Documents\Github\index.py\.venv\lib\site-packages\h11\_writers.py", line 102, in send_eom
    raise LocalProtocolError("Too little data for declared Content-Length")
h11._util.LocalProtocolError: Too little data for declared Content-Length
INFO:     127.0.0.1:5248 - "GET /static/admin/css/fonts.css HTTP/1.1" 404
INFO:     127.0.0.1:5248 - "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404
```

The three library versions involved are Django: 3.0.2, starlette: 0.13.0, uvicorn: 0.11.1.

Okay, it'll almost certainly be an issue with attempting to apply GZip compression to a response that's already GZipped compressed. You probably have a Gzip middleware installed in the Django settings, as well as on the containing Starlette application.

If you remove the GZip middleware from *one* of those two places then the issue should resolve. (Although we *should* still fix this case in Starlette.)
I checked and found that Django does not have the default Gzip behavior, and I haven't found anything about Gzip in Middleware. I don't quite understand what you mean, I only used Gzip once in starlette.

```python
MIDDLEWARE = [
    "django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware",
]
```

Resolving patch:
diff --git a/starlette/middleware/wsgi.py b/starlette/middleware/wsgi.py
--- a/starlette/middleware/wsgi.py
+++ b/starlette/middleware/wsgi.py
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def start_response(
             status_code_string, _ = status.split(" ", 1)
             status_code = int(status_code_string)
             headers = [
-                (name.strip().encode("ascii"), value.strip().encode("ascii"))
+                (name.strip().encode("ascii").lower(), value.strip().encode("ascii"))
                 for name, value in response_headers
             ]
             self.send_queue.append(


Test patch: