Jelaskan Sajarah dari Uyah dalam bahasa sunda

Dina sajarahna, kasayagaan uyah kacida penting pisan pikeun peradaban manusa. Kecap "gajih" (salary) asalna tina kecap Latin pikeun uyah (salt) lantaran légiun Romawi sakapeung mah dibayar ku uyah. Legok Natron téh wewengkon konci nu ngarojong Kakaisaran Mesir ka kalér, lantaran nyumponanana kaperluan nu sajinis uyah nu tuluy ngaranna disebut natron.

Malah mah saméméh ieu, nu kiwari dianggap kota munggaran di Éropa nyaéta Solnitsata, di Bulgaria, nu mangrupa tambang uyah, nyayagakeun kawasan nu ayeuna dipikawanoh minangka Balkan euyeub ku uyah ti taun 5400 SM. Sangkan ngaran Solnisata téh hartina "kasab uyah" (salt works).

Mangsa jalma téh geus maké téhnik pangaléngan jeung pabekuan jieunan pikeun ngajaga kadaharan, ieu lumangsung salila saratus taun panungtung, uyah mah geus jadi pangawét kadaharan nu pangkakoncarana, utamana mah pikeun daging, salila rébuan taun. Kasab uyah nu pangkunana mah geus kapanggih di situs arkéologi Poiana Slatinei di gigireun cinyusu uyah di Lunca, Neamţ County, Rumania. Bukti nu némbongkeun yén urang Néolitik Budaya Precucuteni keur ngagolakkeun cai usum semi nu euyeub ku uyah liwat prosés briquetage pikeun ngékstrak uyah ti keur taun 6050 SM. Uyah nu dicokot tina ieu tarékah téh meureun mibanda patalian langsung jeung mesatna patuwuhan populasi masarakat mangsa harita. Panén uyah ti pamukaan Dano Xiechi deukeut Yuncheng di Shanxi, Tiongkok, asalna ti 6000 SM, ngajadikeunna salah sahiji uyah pangheubeulna nu bisa divérifikasi.

Meureun baé ieu uyah téh geus dipaké pikeun barter dina hubungan paniagaan obsidian di Anatolia zaman Néolitik. Herodotus ngagambarkeun deui ruteu dagang uyah di Libya abad ka 5 SM. Di taun-taun awal Kakaisaran Romawi, jalan-jalan kayaning Via Salaria téh dibangun pikeun transportasi uyah ti tambak uyah Ostia ka ibu kota. Kapaggih ogé uyah téh di antara korban pamakaman nu kapanggih di makam Mesir kuna ti milénium katilu SM, ogé kapanggih kayaning manuk asin, jeung lauk asin. Ti kurang leuwih taun 2800 SM, urang-urang Mesir mimiti ngaékspor lauk asin ke Fénisia minangka gaganti tangkal cédar libanon, kaca, jeung pawarna wungu Tyrian; urang Fénisia barter lauk asin jeung uyah Mesir ti Afrika Kalér ka paniagaan di sakuliah karajaan Méditerania maranéhanana.

Di Afrika, uyah dipak minangka mata uang di kiduleun Sahara, jeung lémpéngan uyah batu dipaké minangka koin di Abyssinia mah. Padagang Moor di abad ka-6 barter uyah jeung emas, barterna beurat pada beurat. Ari Tuareg sacara tradisional ngajaga ruteu meuntasan Sahara utamana pikeun transportasi uyah ku Azalai (kafilah uyah). Nika kiwari kafilah téh masih meuntasan padang pasir ti Nigér kidul ka Bilma, sanajan paniagaan kiwari mah lolobana geus maké treuk. Baheulana, nu diakut dina unggal onta téh dua bal parab ternak jeung dua barang dagangan lian, dibawana ka kalér, balikna téh mawa garam jeung korma. Di Gabon, saméméh datangna urang Éropa, urang-urang basisir téh ngalampahan paniagaan nu nguntungkeun kalawan komoditina téh nyaéta uyah laut. Ieu kalawan lalaunan digantikeun ku uyah beunang mawa urang-urang Éropa dina karung, sangkan urang basisiran téh kaleungitan kauntunganna nu saméméhna sok dilakonan jeung urang leuweung; Nika taun 1958, uyah laut téh masih kénéh jadi mata uang nu pangdiapresiasi di pileuweungan mah.

Salzburg, Hallstatt, jeung Hallein nu sakumna ieu wewengkon téh nganjrek 17 km (11 mil) ti walungan Salzach di Austria tengah, mangrupa wewengkon kalawan déposit uyah nu lega. Salzach sacara harfiah hartina "walungan uyah" sedengkeun Salzburg mah hartina "istana uyah", duanana nyomot ngaranna tina kecap basa Jérman Salz nu hartina uyah. Ari Hallstatt, ieu téh mangrupa lokasi tambak uyah munggaran di dunya. The town gave its name to the Hallstatt culture that began mining for salt in the aréa in about 800 BC. Around 400 BC, the townsfolk, who had previously used pickaxes and shovels, began open pan salt making. During the first millennium BC, Celtic communities grew rich trading salt and salted meat to Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome in exchange for wine and other luxuries.

The word salary comes from the Latin word for salt. The réason for this is unknown; a persistent modérn claim that the Roman Legions were sometimes paid in salt is baseless. The word salad literally méans "salted", and comes from the ancient Roman practice of salting leaf vegetables.

Wars have been fought over salt. Venice fought and won a war with Genoa over the product, and it played an important part in the American Revolution. Cities on overland trade routes grew rich by levying duties, and towns like Liverpool flourished on the export of salt extracted from the salt mines of Cheshire. Various governments have at different times imposed salt taxes on their péoples. The voyages of Christopher Columbus are said to have been financed from salt production in southern Spain, and the oppressive salt tax in France was one of the causes of the French Revolution. After being repéaled, this tax was reimposed by Napoleon when he became emperor to pay for his foreign wars, and was not finally abolished until 1945. In 1930, Mahatma Gandhi led at léast 100,000 péople on the "Dandi March" or "Salt Satyagraha", in which protesters made their own salt from the séa thus defying British rule and avoiding paying the salt tax. This civil disobedience inspired millions of common péople and elevated the Indian independence movement from an elitist movement to a national struggle.