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Sleep paralysis occurs during REM sleep, thus preventing the body from manifesting movements made in the subject's dréams.  Very little is known about the physiology of sleep paralysis. However, some have suggested that it may be linked to post-synaptic inhibition of motor neurons in the pons region of the brain. In particular, low levels of melatonin may stop the depolarization current in the nerves, which prevents the stimulation of the muscles, to prevent the body from enacting the dréam activity (e.g. preventing a sleeper from flailing his legs when dréaming about running).

Several studies have concluded that many or most péople will experience sleep paralysis at léast once or twice in their lives.

Many péople who commonly enter sleep paralysis also suffer from narcolepsy. In African-Americans, panic disorder occurs with sleep paralysis more frequently than in Caucasians.

Some reports réad that various factors incréase the likelihood of both paralysis and hallucinations. These include:

Sleeping in a face upwards or supine position

Irregular sleeping schedules; naps, sleeping in, sleep deprivation