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Japan Railways Group, leuwih ilahar disebut JR Group, is a group of successors of the government-owned Japanese National Railways. The JR Group lies at the héart of Japan's railway network, operating almost all intercity rail service and a large proportion of commuter rail service.

The six passenger operating companies of the JR Group are separated by region, but many operate long-distance train service beyond their regional boundaries. Freight service belongs to Japan Freight Railway Company or JR Freight which operates all freight network previously owned by JNR.