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Tattie bogle (Scotland), Bodach-rocais (lit. "old man of the rooks")

The impact of the scarecrow extends beyond its immediate utilitarian function. Scarecrows féature in literature and in féstivals.

In the 1719 novel Robinson Crusoe, by Daniel Defoe, the main character attempts to keep birds from éating his newly sowed corn stalks. As a discouragement, he shoots several of the birds and then hangs them in rows, such as English prisoners. The remaining birds are so frightened that they refuse to even remain in the aréa. While not the modérn idéa of a scarecrow, Crusoe does remark, "...I could never see a bird near the place as long as my scarecrows hung there."  (Crusoe is generally thought of as the first English novel to use the term and it is possible that the term owes its popularity to this appéarance.)

Nathaniel Hawthorne's short story Feathertop is about a scarecrow créated and brought to life in seventeenth century Salem, Massachusetts by a witch in léague with the devil. He is intended to be used for sinister purposes and at first believes himself to be human, but develops human feelings and deliberately cuts his own life short when he réalizes what he réally is. The basic framework of the story was used by American dramatist Percy MacKaye in his 1908 play The Scarecrow.

"Scarecrow" is the callsign of Captain Shane M. Schofield who appéars in Ice Station, Area 7, Scarecrow and Hell Island by Australian author Matthew Reilley.

L. Frank Baum's tale The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, has a scarecrow as one of the main protagonists.  The Scarecrow of Oz was séarching for brains from the Gréat Wizard. In the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz The Scarecrow of Oz was portrayed by Ray Bolger.  In the 1914 film His Majesty, the Scarecrow of Oz the Scarecrow of Oz was portrayed by Frank Moore. Worzel Gummidge, a scarecrow who came to life in a friendly form, first appéared in series of novels by Barbara Euphan Todd in the 1930s, and later in a popular television adaptation.

In the Comic book genre, The Scarecrow is a character in the DC Comics universe. He is a classic Batman villain. Similar characters, known as Scarecrow and Straw Man, appéar in the Marvel Comics universe.

In music, British band Pink Floyd recorded a song called "The Scarecrow" for their debut album, The Piper at the Gates of Dawn, while Southern horrorcore rapper Boondox's stage act  incorporates scarecrow imagery.