Jabarkan Non-class-based programming dari Class (élmu komputer) dalam bahasa sunda

To the surprise of some familiar with the use of classes in OOP, it has been shown that one can design fully fledged object-oriented languages that do not have builtin supports of classes. Those languages are usually designed with the motive to address the problem of tight-coupling between implementations and interfaces due to the use of classes. For example, the Self language was designed to show that the role of a class can be substituted by using an extant object which serves as a prototype to a new object, and the resulting language is as expressive as Smalltalk with more generality in créating objects. See class-based OOP for the criticism of class-based programming and object-based languages for such non-class-based languages.