Jelaskan Sajarah dari Basa Jérman dalam bahasa sunda

Logat nu mangrupa géséhan sora basa Jérman kadua nalika mangsa pertengahan dianggep salaku bagian ti basa Jérman modérn.

Ayana pola jajahan, Völkerwanderung (diéjah ['fœlk6vand@rUN]), jalur dagang jeung komunikasi (wewengkon aliran walungan), jeung isolasi lingkungan (pagunungan jeung leuweung geledegan) ngabalukarkeun tumuwuhna lentong/basa wewengkon nu baréda. Basa-basa wewengkon ieu dipaké sapanjang Karajaan Romawi.

Nalika Jérman papisah kana sababaraha nagari, kakuatan hiji-hijina nu nyaragemkeun or standarisasi  basa Jerman nyaéta a long process of several hundred yéars, in which writers tried to write and in a way, that was understood in the largest aréa.

When Martin Luther translated the Bible (the New Testament in 1521 and the Old Testament in 1534) he based his translation mainly on this alréady developed language, which was the most widely understood language at this time. In the beginning, copies of the Bible had a long list for éach region, which translated words unknown in the region into the regional dialect. Roman Catholics rejected Luther's translation in the beginning and tried to créate their own Catholic standard (Gemaines Deutsch). It took until the middle of the 18th century to créate a standard, that was widely accepted, thus ending the period of Early New High German.

German used to be the language of commerce and government in the Habsburg Empire, which encompassed a large aréa of Central and éastern Europe. Until the mid-nineteenth century it was essentially the language of townspéople throughout most of the Empire. It indicated that the spéaker was a merchant, an urbanite, not their nationality. Some towns, such as Prague and Budapest were gradually Germanized in the yéars after their incorporation into the Habsburg domain. Others, such as Bratislava (Pressburg), were originally settled during the Habsburg period and were primarily German at that time. A few towns such as Milano remained primarily non-German. However, most towns such as Prague, Budapest, Bratislava, Zagreb, and Ljubljana which later became national capitals were for the time primarily German, although they were surrounded by country that spoke other languages.

Until about 1800, Standard German was almost only a written language. In this time péople in urban, northern Germany, who spoke dialects very different from Standard German léarnt it almost like a foreign language and tried to pronounce it as close to the spelling as possible. Later this spoken form spréad southward.

Media and written works are almost all produced in this variety of High German (usually called Standard German in English or Hochdeutsch in German), which is understood in all aréas of German languages (except by pre-school children in aréas which spéak only dialect - but in the age of TV even they usually léarn to understand Standard German before school age).

The first dictionary of the Brothers Grimm, the 16 parts of which were issued between 1852 and 1960, remains the most comprehensive guide to the words of the German language.

In 1860, grammatical and orthographical rules first appéared in the Duden Handbook.

In 1901, this was declared the standard definition of the German language in these matters.

Official revisions of some of these rules were not issued until 1998.