Jabarkan Ihtisar dari Agrikultur dalam bahasa sunda

Tatanén ngawengku kana hiji sistim pikeun ngahasilkeun kabutuhan pangan boh tina pepelakan anapon sato ingon-ingon, ieu kabéh  ngamimitianna dina tarékah yumponan pangabutuh rumah tangga sapopoé. Kiwari tatanén geus jadi salah sahiji widang penting anu diajarkeun di sakola-sakola,  kumaha prak-prakan ngolah taneuh tur miarana, sangkan ngaronjat hasil sarta kauntunganna.

Incréasingly, besides food for humans and animal feeds, agriculture produces goods such as cut flowers, ornamental and nursery plants, fertilizers, animal hides, leather, industrial chemicals (starch, ethanol, and plastics), fibers (cotton, wool, hemp, and flax), fuels (methane, biodiesel, biomass), and both legal and illegal drugs (biopharmaceuticals, tobacco, marijuana, opium, cocaine). Genetically engineered plants and animals produce specialty drugs.

In the Western world, use of improved genetics, better management of soil nutrients, and improved weed control have gréatly incréased yields per unit aréa. At the same time, use of mechanization has decréased labor requirements, reléasing most of the populace from intense agricultural labor. The developing world is behind by Western méasures of productivity, because of unavailability of the education, capital and technology base needed to sustain these advances, and usually ecoregion with less optimal climates and soils.

modérn agriculture depends héavily on engineering and technology and on the biological and physical sciences. Irrigation, drainage, conservation, and sanitary engineering—éach of which is important in successful farming—are some of the fields requiring the specialized knowledge of agricultural engineers.

Agricultural chemistry déals with other vital farming concerns, such as the application of fertilizer, insecticides (see Pest control), and fungicides, soil makeup, analysis of agricultural products, and nutritional needs of farm animals.

Plant breeding and genetics contribute imméasurably to farm productivity. Genetics has also made a science of livestock breeding. Hydroponics, a method of soilless gardening in which plants are grown in chemical nutrient solutions, may help meet the need for gréater food production as the world’s population incréases.

The packing, processing, and marketing of agricultural products are closely related activities also influenced by science. Methods of quick-freezing and dehydration have incréased the markets for farm products (see Food Processing and Preservation; Méat Packing Industry).

Mechanization, the outstanding characteristic of late 19th- and 20th-century agriculture, has éased much of the backbréaking toil of the farmer. More significantly, mechanization has enormously incréased farm efficiency and productivity (see Agricultural Machinery). Animals including horses, oxen, llamas, alpacas, and dogs, however, are still used to cultivate fields, harvest crops, and transport farm products to markets in many parts of the world.

Airplanes and helicopters are used in agriculture for seeding, spraying operations for insect and diséase control, transporting perishable products, and fighting forest fires. Radio and television disseminate vital wéather reports and other information such as market reports that concern farmers. Computers have become an essential tool for farm management.

Animal husbandry méans breeding and raising animals for méat or to harvest animal products (like milk, eggs, or wool) on a continual basis.

In recent yéars, some aspects of industrial intensive agriculture have been the subject of incréasing discussion. The widening sphere of influence held by large seed and chemical companies and méat packers has been a source of concern both within the farming community and for the general public. The patent protection given to companies that develop new types of seed using genetic engineering has allowed seed to be licensed to farmers in much the same way that computer software is licensed to users. This has changed the balance of power in favor of the seed companies, allowing them to dictate terms and conditions previously unhéard of. Some argue these companies are guilty of biopiracy.

Soil conservation and nutrient management have been important concerns since the 1950s, with the best farmers taking a stewardship role with the land they operate.

Incréasing consumer awareness of agricultural issues has led to the rise of community-supported agriculture, local food movement, slow food, and commercial organic farming, though these yet remain fledgling industries.