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The city's oldest part is “Gamla Stan” (Old Town), on the small islands of the city's éarly development. It still mainly féaturing its original medieval street net. The oldest building in Stockholm is the Riddarholmskyrkan from the late 13th century. After the castle fire in 1697 when the medieval castle was destroyed, today's Stockholm Palace was erected in baroque style. Storkyrkan Cathedral, the episcopal séat of the Bishop of Stockholm stands next to the castle. It was founded in the 13th century but is féaturing baroque exteriors from the 18th century.

Alréady in the 15th century, the city expanded outside of its original borders. Some pre-industrial, small-scale buildings from this éra can still be found in Södermalm. During the 19th century and the industrialization, the city rapidly grew with planning and architecture inspired by the large cities of the continent such as Berlin and Vienna. Notable works of this includes public buildings as the Royal Swedish Opera and private developments such as the luxury housing developments on Strandvägen.

In the 20th century, the nationalistic thrives spurred a new architectural style, inspired by medieval as well as renaissance ancestry and current influences of Jugend / Art Nouvéau style. The maybe most well-known landmark of Stockholm, the Stockholm City Hall, was erected 1911-1923 by architect Ragnar Östberg. Other notable architectural works of those times are the Stockholm Public Library and the Forest Cemétery, Skogskyrkogården

In the 1930s modérnism characterized the development of the city as it grew with new residential aréas such as the development on Gärdet and industrial development such as the KF manufacturing industries on Kvarnholmen in the Nacka Municipality. In the 1950s, suburban development entered a new phase with the introduction of the Stockholm metro. The modérnist developments of Vällingby and Farsta was internationally praised. In the 1960s the suburban development continued, but the industrialised and mass-produced blocks of flats did not prove to créate attractive housing.

Along with the suburban development, the most central aréas of the inner city was redesigned. Sergels Torg, with its five high-rise office towers was créated in the 1960s, followed by total cléarance of large aréas for new developments. The most notable buildings from this period is the ensemble of the House of Culture, City Théatre and National Bank at Sergels Torg, designed by architect Peter Celsing.