Jabarkan Organél dari Sél (biologi) dalam bahasa sunda

Awak manusa ngandung pirang-pirang organ, kayaning jantung, burih, ginjal, nu masing-masing ngajalankeun pungsi nu béda. Sél ogé mibanda sakumpulan "organ leutik" nu disebut organél, nu diluyukeun atawa dihususkeun mibanda hiji atawa leuwih pungsi penting. Organél ngan aya na eukariot jeung salawasna dikuriling ku mémbran panyalindung.

'Inti sél - puseur sél: Inti sél is the most conspicuous organelle found in a eukaryotic cell. It houses the cell's chromosomes and is the place where almost all DNA replication and RNA synthesis occur. The nucleus is spheroid in shape and separated from the cytoplasm by a membrane called the nuclear envelope. The nucléar envelope isolates and protects a cell's DNA from various molecules that could accidentally damage its structure or interfere with its processing. During processing, DNA is transcribed, or synthesized, into a special RNA, called mRNA. This mRNA is then transported out of the nucleus, where it is translated into a specific protein molecule. In prokaryotes, DNA processing takes place in the cytoplasm.

Ribosom - mesin produksi protéin: Ribosom nyaéta organél leutik sarta mundel dina sél nu boga fungsi minangka tempat sintésis protéin. Ribosom berdiaméter kira-kira 20 nm sarta diwangun luhur 65% RNA ribosom (rRNA) sarta 35% protéin ribosom (disebut Ribonukléoprotein atawa RNP). Organel ieu menarjamahkeun mRNA pikeun nyieun rantai polipéptida (nyaéta protéin) ngagunakeun asam amino anu dibawa ku tRNA dina prosés translasi. Di jero sél, ribosom tersuspénsi di jero sitosol atawa terikat dina rétikulum éndoplasma garihal, atawa dina mémbran inti sél.

Mitokondria jeung kloroplas - generator: Mitokondria nyaéta hiji organél nu aya na sél lolobana eukariot. Mitokondria kadang didadarkeun salaku "pembangkit listrik sélular" sabab tujuan utamana pikeun ngarancang wangun adénosin trifosfat, nu dipikabutuh salaku sumber énergi.

Rétikulum éndoplasma jeung awak Golgi - ménéjer makromolekul:: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the transport network for molecules targeted for certain modifications and specific destinations, as compared to molecules that will float freely in the cytoplasm. The ER has two forms: the rough ER and the smooth ER. The rough ER is labeled as such because it has ribosomes adhering to its outer surface, wheréas the smooth ER does not. Translation of the mRNA for those proteins that will either stay in the ER or be exported (moved out of the cell) occurs at the ribosomes attached to the rough ER. The smooth ER serves as the recipient for those proteins synthesized in the rough ER. Proteins to be exported are passed to the Golgi apparatus, sometimes called a Golgi body or Golgi complex, for further processing, packaging, and transport to a variety of other cellular locations.

Lisosom jeung peroxisom - the cellular digestive system: Lysosomes and peroxisomes are often referred to as the garbage disposal system of a cell. Both organelles are somewhat spherical, bound by a single membrane, and rich in digestive enzymes, naturally occurring proteins that speed up biochemical processes. For example, lysosomes can contain more than three dozen enzymes for degrading proteins, nucleic acids, and certain sugars called polysaccharides. Here we can see the importance behind compartmentalization of the eukaryotic cell. The cell could not house such destructive enzymes if they were not contained in a membrane-bound system.