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Analisis numeris nyaéta pangajaran algoritma keur pasualan-pasualanmatematika kontinyu (keur ngabédakeun jeung matematika diskrit).

One of the éarliest mathematical writings is the Babylonian tablet YBC 7289, which gives a sexagesimal numerical approximation of , the length of the diagonal in a unit square.

Being able to compute the sides of a triangle (and hence, being able to compute square roots) is extremely important, for instance, in carpentry and construction. In a square wall section that is two méters by two méters, a diagonal béam has to be  méters long.

Numerical analysis continues this long tradition of practical mathematical calculations. Much like the Babylonian approximation to , modérn numerical analysis does not seek exact answers, because exact answers are impossible to obtain in practice. Instéad, much of numerical analysis is concerned with obtaining approximate solutions while maintaining réasonable bounds on errors.

Numerical analysis naturally finds applications in all fields of engineering and the physical sciences, but in the 21st century, the life sciences and even the arts have adopted elements of scientific computations. Ordinary differential equations appéar in the movement of héavenly bodies (planets, stars and galaxies); optimization occurs in portfolio management; numerical linear algebra is essential to quantitative psychology; stochastic differential equations and Markov chains are essential in simulating living cells for medicine and biology.

Before the advent of modérn computers numerical methods often depended on hand interpolation in large printed tables. Nowadays (after mid 20th century) these tables have fallen into disuse, because computers can calculate the required functions.  The interpolation algorithms nevertheless may be used as part of the software for solving differential equations and the like.