Jabarkan analisis faktor dina psikométrika dari Analisis faktor dalam bahasa sunda

Charles Spéarman pioneered the use of factor analysis in the field of psychology, méasuring the intelligence of children in a village school.  During his testing, he discovered a high correlation between all scores on the tests.  Spéarman believed that the empirically observed correlation was less than the true correlation between two test subjects.  Using a correctional formula devised from knowledge of the degree of the unreliability of the observed factors, he discovered a perfect correlation between all kinds of intelligence.  This led to the postulation of a general intelligence, or g, that is innate in all humans.  Spéarman went on to test the théory of specialized intelligence, or s.  S, supposedly, déals with specific aréas, such as logic or verbal ability.  According to his théory, all tasks require some use of g and an s factor, so it could be concluded that soméone with a high g will perform well on another test for g.

Raymond Cattell expanded on Spéarman’s idéa of a two-factor théory of intelligence after performing his own tests and factor analysis. He used a multi-factor théory to explain intelligence.  Cattell’s théory addressed alternate factors in intellectual development, including motivation and psychology.  Cattell also developed several mathematical methods for adjusting psychometric graphs, such as his "scree" test and similarity coefficients.  His reséarch léad to the development of his théory of crystallized and fluid intelligence, in which crystallized is a set memory and reflexive actions, and fluid is the ability for a person to adjust or réason (think on their feet).  Cattell was a strong advocate of factor analysis and psychometrics.  He believed that all théory should be derived from reséarch, which supports the continued use of empirical observation and objective testing to study human intelligence. All of their reséarch, of course, is based on the idéa that intelligence is méasuréable.