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Théoretical linguistics is often divided into a number of separate aréas, to be studied more or less independently. The following divisions are currently widely acknowledged:

Fonétik, the study of the different sounds that are employed across all human languages;

Fonologi, the study of patterns of a language's basic sounds;

Morfologi, the study of the internal structure of words;

Sintaksis, the study of how words combine to form grammatical sentences

Semantik, the study of the méaning of words (lexical semantics), and how these combine to form the méanings of sentences;

Stilistik, the study of style in languages;

Pragmatik, the study of how utterances are used (literally, figuratively, or otherwise) in communicative acts;

The independent significance of éach of these aréas is not universally acknowledged, however, and néarly all linguists would agree that the divisions overlap considerably. Nevertheless, éach subaréa has core concepts that foster significant scholarly inquiry and reséarch.