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Population Bottlenecks and Volcanic Winter

"The proper study of mankind" – Article in The Economist

Homepage of Professor Stanley H. Ambrose

Ancient 'Volcanic Winter' Tied To Rapid Genetic Divergence In Humans  ScienceDaily (Sep. 8, 1998) – Article based on news release regarding Ambrose's paper

Mount Toba: Late Pleistocene human population bottlenecks, volcanic winter, and differentiation of modern humans by Professor Stanley H. Ambrose, Department of Anthropology, University Of Illinois, Urbana, USA; Extract from "Journal of Human Evolution" [1998] 34, 623–651

Journey of Mankind by The Bradshaw Foundation – includes discussion on Toba eruption, DNA and human migrations

Geography Predicts Human Genetic Diversity ScienceDaily (Mar. 17, 2005) – By analyzing the relationship between the geographic location of current human populations in relation to East Africa and the genetic variability within these populations, researchers have found new evidence for an African origin of modern humans.

Out Of Africa – Bacteria, As Well: Homo Sapiens And H. Pylori Jointly Spread Across The Globe ScienceDaily (Feb. 16, 2007) – When man made his way out of Africa some 60,000 years ago to populate the world, he was not alone: He was accompanied by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori...; illus. migration map.

Magma 'Pancakes' May Have Fueled Toba Supervolcano