Jelaskan Sejarah kemudian dari Universiti Paris dalam bahasa melayu

In the fifteenth century, Guillaume d'Estouteville, a cardinal and Apostolic legate, carried out a project to reform the university, correcting its abuses and introducing various needed modifications.  This reform was less an innovation than a recall to the better observance of the old rules, as was the reform of 1600, undertaken by the royal government, with regard to the three superior faculties.  However, as to the faculty of arts, the reform of 1600 introduced the study of Greek, of the French poets and orators, and of additional classical figures like Hesiod, Plato, Demosthenes, Cicero, Virgil, and Sallust.  The prohibition to teach civil law was never well observed at Paris, but in 1679 Louis XIV authorized the teaching of civil law in the faculty of decretals. Thus, the name "faculty of law" replaced that of "faculty of decretals". The colleges meantime had multiplied; those of Cardinal Le-Moine and Navarre were founded in the fourteenth century. The Hundred Years' War was fatal to these establishments, but the university set about remedying the injury.

Remarkable for its teaching, the University of Paris played an important part: in the Church, during the Great Schism; in the councils, in dealing with heresies and  divisions; in the State, during national crises.  Under the domination of England it played a role in the trial of Joan of Arc.

Proud of its rights and privileges, the University of Paris fought energetically to maintain them, hence the long struggle against the mendicant orders on academic as well as on religious grounds. Hence also the shorter conflict against the Jesuits, who claimed by word and action a share in its teaching. It made liberal use of its right to decide administratively according to occasion and necessity. In some instances it openly endorsed the censures of the faculty of theology and pronounced condemnation in its own name, as in the case of the Flagellants.

Its patriotism was especially manifested on two occasions. During the captivity of King John, when Paris was given over to factions, the university sought to restore peace; and under Louis XIV, when the Spaniards crossed the Somme and threatened the capital, it placed two hundred men at the king's disposal and offered the Master of Arts degree gratuitously to scholars who should present certificates of service in the army (Jourdain, Hist. de l'Univers. de Paris au XVIIe et XVIIIe siècle, 132-34; Archiv. du ministère de l'instruction publique).

Kebinasaan kolej dan pertubuhan Universiti Perancis

Universiti kuno hilang dengan Perancis kuno sewaktu Revolusi Perancis. Pada 15 Sept., 1793, dipetisyen oleh Jabatan Paris dan beberapa kelompok jabatan, Konvensyen Negara berkeputusan bahawa berdikari dari sekolah rendah, "seharusnya didirikan dalam Republik tiga peringkat progresif arahan; pertama untuk ilmu amat diperlukan to artisans and workmen of all kinds; the second for further knowledge necessary to those intending to embrace the other professions of society; and the third for those branches of instruction the study of which is not within the reach of all men".

Measures were to be taken immediately: "For means of execution the department and the municipality of Paris are authorized to consult with the Committee of Public Instruction of the National Convention, in order that these establishments shall be put in action by 1 November next, and consequently colleges now in operation and the faculties of theology, medicine, arts, and law are suppressed throughout the Republic". This was the death-sentence of the university. It was not to be restored after the Revolution had subsided, any more than those of the provinces.

All the faculties were replaced by a single centre, the University of France. After a century, people recognized that the new system was less favourable to study.  They restored the old system of separate faculties in 1896, but without the faculty of theology.

Pemberontakan pelajar dan pertubuhan semula

Pada 1968 pemberontakan budaya digelarkan "Mei Perancis" (lihat juga Situationist International), menyebabkan penutupan universiti untuk hanya kali ketiga dalam sejarah. Peristiwa pertama adalah pada 1229, dan yang kedua disebabkan penyerbuan oleh tentera Jerman 1940. Pada 1968 par pelajar menunjuk perasaan pengaturan universiti dan hadnya, dan jua isu masyarakat umum.

Universiti Paris telah sejak itu mengatur semula ke dalam beberapa universiti dan sekolah autonomi, sesetengah dari mana membawa nama Sorbonne.  Kampus bersejarah, terletak di Quartier Latin di Rive Gauche, di 5th arrondissement Paris, mencirikan lukisan mural oleh Pierre Puvis de Chavannes.  Ia dibahagikan untuk kegunaan di kalangan beberapa universiti Paris, École nationale des chartes yang berprestij dan perkhidmatan Rector.

Pada Mac 2006 la Sorbonne telah diduduki semula sebagai sebahagian dari tunjuk perasaan luas negara terhadap pengenalan kerajaan CPE (kontrak pekerjaan pertama), yang mana sesetengah orang muda fikir akan mengesan mereka secara buruk.