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Joseph Kerman dan Alan Tyson (dll): "Beethoven, Ludwig van", Grove Music Online ed L.Macy , grovemusic.com

Theodor Albrecht dan Elaine Schwensen, "More Than Just Peanuts: Evidence for December 16 as Beethoven's birthday." dalam The Beethoven Newsletter (1988): 49, 60-63.

Bruce Bohle dan Robert Sabin. The International Cyclopedia of Music and Musicians. London: J.M.Dent & Sons LTD, 1975. ISBN 0-460-04235-1.

Peter Clive. Beethoven and His World: A Biographical Dictionary. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-19-816672-9.

Peter DaviesJ. The Character of a Genius: Beethoven in Perspective. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2002. ISBN 0-313-31913-8.

Davies, Peter J. Beethoven in Person: His Deafness, Illnesses, and Death. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2001. ISBN 0-313-31587-6.

Tia DeNoraa. "Beethoven and the Construction of Genius: Musical Politics in Vienna, 1792-1803." Berkeley, California: University of California Press, 1995. ISBN 0-520-21158-8.

Martin Geck. Beethoven. Terjemahan oleh Anthea Bell. London: Haus, 2003. ISBN 1-904341-03-9 , ISBN 1-904341-00-4 .

Klaus Kropfinger. Beethoven. Verlage Bärenreiter/Metzler, 2001. ISBN 3-7618-1621-9.

Russell Martin . Beethoven's Hair. New York: Broadway Books, 2000. ISBN 978-0-7679-0350-9

William Meredith . "The History of Beethoven's Skull Fragments." The Beethoven Journal 20 (2005): 3-46.

Edmund Morris . Beethoven: The Universal Composer. New York: Atlas Books / HarperCollins, 2005. ISBN 0-06-075974-7.

Charles Rosen. The Classical Style: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven. New York: W. W. Norton, 1998. ISBN 0-393-04020-8; ISBN 0-393-31712-9.

Maynard Solomon. Beethoven, 2nd revised edition. New York: Schirmer Books, 2001. ISBN 0-8256-7268-6.

Solomon, Maynard. Late Beethoven: Music, Thought, Imagination. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003. ISBN 0-520-23746-3.

Glenn Stanley. The Cambridge Companion to Beethoven. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. ISBN 0-521-58074-9 , ISBN 0-521-58934-7 .

Alexander Wheelock Thayer dan Elliot Forbes. Thayer's Life of Beethoven. (2 jilid.) Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-09103-X

Editha dan Richard Sterba,MD. "Beethoven & his Nephew - a Psychoanalytic Study of their Relationship" Pantheon Books Inc. New York.