Bahasa Ebla itu apa sih?

Bahasa Ebla, atau bahasa Paleo-Suriah, adalah bahasa Semit punah yang pernah digunakan selama milenium ketiga SM oleh penduduk Suriah Utara. Bahasa ini dinamai berdasarkan kota kuno Ebla, di bagian barat Suriah modern. Dialek-dialek dari bahasa ini juga digunakan di Mari dan Nagar. Menurut Cyrus H. Gordon, meskipun para pemimpin agama pada zaman itu menggunakan bahasa ini, bahasa Ebla tidak banyak dituturkan, dan lebih merupakan bahasa tertulis dengan ciri-ciri yang juga ditemukan di rumpun bahasa Semit Timur dan Barat.

Bahasa ini ditulis dalam bentuk aksara paku di prasasti yang ditemukan di Ebla.

Alfonso Archi 1987. “ Ebla and Eblaite ” in Eblaitica : Essays on the Ebla Archives and Eblaite Language. Publications of the Center for Ebla Research at New York University. Vol no 1 edited by C. Gordon. Eisenbrauns, p. 7–17

A. Cagni 1981. La lingua di Ebla, Atti del convegno internazionale (Napoli, 21-23 Aprile 1980). Istituto universitario orientale, Series Minor XIV, Naples.

R. Caplice 1981. “Eblaite and Akkadian” in La lingua di Ebla, Atti del convegno internazionale (Napoli, 21-23 Aprile 1980). Istituto universitario orientale, Series Minor XIV, Naples. p. 161–164

K. Cathart 1984. “The Language of Ebla” in Proceeding of Irish Biblical Association (I.B.A.) no 8, edited by A. D. H. Mayes. Dublin. p. 49–56

M. Civil 1984. “Bilingualism in logographically written languages : Sumerian in Ebla” in Il Bilinguismo a Ebla, Atti del convegni internazionale (Napoli 19-22 aprile 1982) a cura di Luigi Cagni, Naples, p. 75–97

G. Conti 1984. “Arcaismi in Eblaita” in Studies on the language of Ebla. Edited by Pelio Fronzaroli. Quaderni di Semitica no 13. Istituto di Linguistica e di Lingue orientali, Universita di Firenze. Florence. p. 159–172

M. Dahood 1981. “The linguistic classification of Eblait” in La lingua di Ebla, Atti del convegno internazionale (Napoli, 21-23 Aprile 1980). Istituto universitario orientale, Series Minor XIV, Naples. p. 177–179

I. Diakonoff 1984. “An evaluation of Eblaite” in Studies on the langage of Ebla. Edited by Pelio Fronzaroli. Quaderni di Semitica no 13. Istituto di Linguistica e di Lingue orientali, Universita di Firenze. Florence. p. 1–10

Igor Diakonoff 1990. “The importance of Ebla for History and Linguistics” in Eblaitica, Essays on the Ebla Archives and Eblaite Language. Vol n°2, edited by Cyrus Gordon, Winona Lake, Indiana. pp. 3–29

P. Fronzaroli 1977. “L’interferenza linguistica nella Siria settentrionale del III milenio” in Interferenza linguistica, Atti del convegno della Societa di Glottologia. Perugia p. 27–43

P. Fronzaroli 1978. “La contribution de la langue d’Ebla à la connaissance du sémitique archaïque” in (C.R.R.A.) no 25 p. 27–43

P. Fronzaroli 1979. “Problemi di fonetica eblaita” in Studi Eblaitica no 1. Rome p. 64–89

P. Fronzaroli 1982. “Per una valutazione della morphologia eblaita” in Studi Eblaiti no 5. Rome p. 95 120

P. Fronzaroli 1984. “The Eblaic Lexicon : Problems and Apparaisal” in Studies on the langage of Ebla. Edited by Pelio Fronzaroli. Quaderni di Semitica no 13. Istituto di Linguistica e di Lingue orientali, Universita di Firenze. Florence. p. 117–157

G. Garbini 1984. “La lingua di Ebla” in Le lingue semitiche, Studi di Storia linguistica. Istituto universitario Orientale, Series Minor XX. Naples. p. 65–78

I. J. Gelb 1958. “La lingua degli Amoriti” in Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rendiconti morali, Serie VIII, vol n°XIII fasc. 3-4, p. 143–164

I. J. Gelb 1961 a. Old akkadian writing and Grammar. Material for the Assyrian dictionary no 2, second édition, revised and enlarged. Chicago.

I. J. Gelb 1961 b. “The Early History of West Semitic Peoples” in Journal of Cuneiform Studies no 15, p. 27–47

I. J. Gelb 1977. “Thought about Ibla, A preliminary Evaluation," March 1977 in Monographic Journals of the Near East, Syro-Mesopotamian Studies I/1, pp. 3–30

I. J. Gelb 1981. “ Ebla and the Kish civilisation” in La lingua di Ebla, Atti del convegno internazionale (Napoli, 21-23 Aprile 1980). Istituto universitario orientale, Series Minor XIV, Naples. pp. 9–73

Cyrus Gordon 1990. “Eblaite and Northwest Semitic” in Eblaitica: Essays on the Ebla Archives and Eblaite Language. Publications of the Center for Ebla Research at New York University. Vol n°2 edited by C. Gordon. Eisenbrauns, pp. 127–139

C. Gordon 1991. “Eblaite” in Semitic Studies in honor of Wolf Leslau, On the occasion of his eighty-fyfth birthday. Vol n°1, edited by Alan S. Kaye, Wiesbaden. pp. 550–557

C. Gordon 1997. "Amorite and Eblaite," The Semitic Languages. Ed. Robert Hetzron. New York: Routledge.

J. Huenergard, 2004. "Akkadian and Eblaite" in R. Woodard The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World’s Ancient Languages. Cambridge.

E. Knudsen 1982. “An analysis of Amorite, A review article”, in Journal of Cuneiform Studies. Vol no 34 / 1-2, Philadelphia. p. 1–18

E. Knudsen 1991. “Amorite Grammar, A comparative statement” in Semitic Studies in honor of Wolf Leslau, On the occasion of his eighty-fyfth birthday. Vol no 1, edited by Alan S. Kaye, Wiesbaden. p. 866–885

Manfred Krebernik. 1996. "The Linguistic Classification of Eblaite: Methods, Problems, and Results." In The Study of the Ancient Near East in the Twenty-First Century: The William Foxwell Albright Centennial Conference (eds. J.S. Cooper – G.M. Schwartz), pp. 233–249.

W. Lambert 1981. “The Language of Ebla and Akkadian” in La lingua di Ebla, Atti del convegno internazionale (Napoli, 21-23 Aprile 1980). Istituto universitario orientale, Series Minor XIV, Naples. p. 155–160

E. Lipinsky 1981. “Formes verbales dans les noms propres d’Ebla et le système verbal sémitique” in La lingua di Ebla, Atti del convegno internazionale (Napoli, 21-23 Aprile 1980). Istituto universitario orientale, Series Minor XIV, Naples. p. 191–210

M. Liverani 1965. Missione Archeologica Italiana in Siria 1964. Rome

H.-P. Müller 1984. “Neue Erwägungen zum eblaitischen verbalsystem” in Il Bilinguismo a Ebla, Atti del convegni internazionale (Napoli 19-22 aprile 1982) a cura di Luigi Cagni, Naples, p. 167–204.

R. Mugnaioni 2000. "À propos de la langue d’Ebla" in Travaux 16 – La sémitologie aujourd’hui, Cercle de Linguistique d’Aix-en-Provence, Centre des sciences du langage, p. 33-56.

G. Pettinato 1970. “L’inscription de Ibbit-Lim roi d’Ebla” in A.A.A.S. p. 19–22

G. Pettinato 1972. "L’Inscription de Ibbit-Lim roi d’Ebla” in Missione Archeologica Italiana in Siria 1967-1968. Rome.

G. Pettinato 1975. “Testi cuneiformi del 3° millenio in paleo-cananeo rinvenuti nelle campagna 1974 a Tell Mardikh-Ebla" in Orientalia n°44, pp. 361–374

G. Pettinato 1979. Catalogo dei testi cuneiformi di Tell Mardikh in M.E.E.

K. Petracek 1984. “Les catégories flexionnelles en éblaïtes” in Studies on the Language of Ebla. Quaderni di Semitistica n°13, édité par P. Fronzaroli. Florence, pp. 24–57

G. Rubio 2006. "Eblaite, Akkadian, and East Semitic." In The Akkadian Language in its Semitic Context (ed. N.J.C. Kouwenberg and G. Deutscher. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten), pp. 110–139.

W. von Soden 1995: Grundriß der akkadischen Grammatik, 3. ergänzte Auflage. Analecta Oientalia no 33, Rome.