Gw mau tau Anak dari Fernando VII dari Spanyol

Fehrenbach, Charles Wentz. "Moderados and Exaltados: The Liberal Opposition to Ferdinand VII, 1814-1823." Hispanic American Historical Review (1970): 52-69. in JSTOR

Payne, Stanley G. History of Spain and Portugal: v. 2 (1973) pp 415–36

Woodward, Margaret L. "The Spanish Army and the Loss of America, 1810-1824." Hispanic American Historical Review (1968): 586-607. in JSTOR