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Andrews, William L. Slavery and Class in the American South: A Generation of Slave Narrative Testimony, 1840–1865 (Oxford UP, 2019).

Ash, Stephen V. The Black Experience in the Civil War South (2010).

Bartek, James M. "The Rhetoric of Destruction: Racial Identity and Noncombatant Immunity in the Civil War Era." (PhD Dissertation, University of Kentucky, 2010).  online; Bibliography pp. 515–52.

Frankel, Noralee. Freedom's Women: Black Women and Families in Civil War Era Mississippi (1999).

Lang, Andrew F. In the Wake of War: Military Occupation, Emancipation, and Civil War America (LSU Press, 2017).

Levin, Kevin M. Searching for Black Confederates: The Civil War’s Most Persistent Myth (UNC Press, 2019).

Litwack, Leon F. Been in the Storm So Long: The Aftermath of Slavery (1979), on freed slaves

Reidy, Joseph P. Illusions of Emancipation: The Pursuit of Freedom and Equality in the Twilight of Slavery (UNC Press, 2019).

Wiley, Bell Irwin Southern Negroes: 1861–1865 (1938)