Jelaskan Gunung Djati dari Talok, Turen, Malang

Gunung Djati terletak di pedukuhan Jatirenggo. Diberi nama Gunung Djati karena di gunung tersebut terdapat banyak pohon djati. Gunung Djati menjadi situs sejarah desa Talok karena terdapat peninggalan yang terkenal yaitu punden mbah Dipoyono, punden Mbah Branjangan, dan tradisi Tayuban. Gunung Djati dijadikan tempat melakukan tradisi Tayuban oleh masyrakat pedukuhan Jatirenggo. Tradisi ini dilakukan secara turun-temurun, jika tradisi ini tidak dilakukan maka diyakini akan ada musibah/pageblug (musibah penyakit) yang menimpa masyarakat. Sehingga tradisi ini sudah menjadi kewajiban masyarakat agar terhindar dan dilindungi dari musibah tersebut.

Tayub merupakan singkatan dari "ditoto nganti guyub" yang berarti ditata dengan kebersamaan. Tradisi Tayuban dilakukan setiap Senin Legi pada bulan Suro. Pada hari itu, semua masyarakat Jatirenggo bergotong-royong membersihkan makam para leluhur mereka di Gunung Djati. Tradisi ini diawali dengan mengaji bersama pada malam hari, yang kemudian pada esok harinya, masyarakat bersama pemerintah desa bersama-sama ke gunung djati dengan membawa makanan, tumpeng, serta ingkung (ayam ungkep utuh). Mereka mengikuti serangkaian acara yang terdiri dari sambutan dari pemerintah desa, do'a bersama, dan pengucapan ikrar jawa. Lalu, siang harinya merupakan puncak acara yang ditunggu-tunggu masyarakat yaitu penampilan dari kelompok tayub.

Tradisi ini muncul akibat sebuah peristiwa yang mengakar pada pikiran masyarakat. Dahulu kala, sebagian masyarakat Jatirenggo pernah terkena penyakit yang tidak bisa disembuhkan seorangpun, hingga mereka harus dipisahkan ke sebuah tanah lapang agar tidak menularkan pada masyarakat yang lain. Tak lama datanglah sekelompok pengamen orang yang terdiri dari dua orang pemain musik jawa serta satu orang penari atau yang disebut tandak ke daerah tersebut dan membuat pertunjukkan tari dan musik secara khidmad. Setelah itu, para masyarakat yang terkena penyakit tertarik untuk melihat sekelompok orang atau tandak amen tersebut dan kemudian berkerumun untuk menyaksikan penampilan tersebut. Tanpa diduga, para masyarakat yang sebelumnya sakit saat melihat pertunjukkan tersebut menjadi sembuh dan tidak berpenyakit lagi. Dan sesaat kemudian, kelompok pengamen tadi tiba-tiba hilang entah kemana. Untuk menghormati para pemain tandak amen tersebut, setiap senin legi pada bulan Suro masyarakat Jatirenggo menggelar acara tayuban untuk dijadikan tradisi yang tetap lestari sampai saat ini.

Bukti nyata musibah yang terjadi jika tradisi tidak dilakukan adalah pada zaman kepala desa ke-13. Pada suatu hari, sesorang wanita pernah berjanji bahwa yang akan meneruskan tradisi Tayuban adalah anaknya sendiri, yang sebelumnya tradisi Tayuban dilakukan oleh suaminya. Awalnya tradisi ini benar-benar dilakukan dengan lancar, namun pada suatu saat, lupa untuk dilakukan, akibatnya seorang wanita tersebut jatuh sakit dan tidak sembuh-sembuh. Ketika a ingat akan janji ibunya, maka dilakukanlah dengan segera tradisi tayuban, lalu tak lama setelah itu, ibunya segera sembuh. Hal ini terulang kembali pada satu tahun berikutnya. Seorang wanita tersebut jatuh sakit dan kemudian meninggal dunia. Sebelum meninggal ada seseorang pernah bermimpi, beliau melihat sebuah kain kafan yang terbang mengelilingi pedukuhan Jatirenggo dan jatuh tepat pada kediaman seorang wanita tersebut. Dari cerita tersebut masyarakat Jatirenggo semakin yakin akan adanya musibah jika tradisi Tayuban tidak dilakukan.

"Bersumber dari buku Manuskrip Sejarah yang berjudul Babat Tlatah Taloka"

THE HISTORY OF TALOK VILLAGE

Once upon a time In 956 BC, There was a recession named Reca Bhuwana. He was in somewhere. Reca Bhuwana was an incarnation from Betoro Guru (in Hinduism). The result of his hermitage, he got a seed from the Gods along with the command to plant the seeds in somewhere in Petung Mountain. The order to plant that seeds was for give a sign that the area was a place on earth that connects directly with whirlpool.  This place would bring up the great king of the land of Java. Finally, The tree from that seeds was named Taloka. Taloka was taken by the meaningful Old Javanese language, Ta: Bloated  aran/a and Loka:  world / dimension related with heaven (In Javanese Culture). When the taloka tree had been planted,  there wasn’t civilization in that area. After 19 years later, the people around Taloka had came. Who was coming Turyyantapada, and that village named Taloka.

Until now, Talok Village had been on three different eras who related each other. There were before the Kingdom of Singosari era, the Kingdom of Mataram Islam era, and the colonial era.  These three eras are related and become historical evidence of the Taloka village.

In the era of Singosari’s Kingdom was proved by the Taloka Region which was the place that Ken Arok met with a Brahmana named Sang Hyang Lohgawe (Parararaton, 1896: 7). In the era of  Mataram Islam’s Kingdom are proved by the existence of three sites (tomb) of the mataram royal army. Those three sites are:  Petung’s Mount Site, Mbah Surogawe’s Site, and  Mbah Djati’s Mount Site. While in the era of colonial was proved by the presence of the first official village chief of Taloka.

The Era of the Singosari’s Kingdom

Taloka is a region name that obtained from Pararathon book. It was meeting place between Sang Hyang Lohgawe and Ken Arok before Ken Arok became a king, which one of that place promised by Dewata through planting Taloka tree seeds by Reca Bhuwana.  This place located east of the Kawi’s Mountain. Before the Singosari’s Kingdom stood, Sang Hyang Lohgawe got a miracle (revelation from the gods) from Betoro Wisnu at his hermitage in India, he meet a bead of Lord Wisnu in Java and that bead was at a gambling place, his name Ken Arok.  Whereas Ken Arok got wisik (revelation from the gods) from Betoro Guru after the Dewata had discussion on Lejar’s Mount ( Layar’s Mount ).

Ken Arok went to Taloka, there was a famous gambling place in this area. That place was the meeting point between Ken Arok (founder of the Singosari’s kingdom) with his teacher Sang Hyang Lohgawe.

That situation happened because both of them got miracle (revelation from the gods) from Betoro Guru at Layar’s Mountain. Ken Arok got a duty to be a student and he claimed as a child to Sang Hyang Lohgawe, while Sang Hyang Lohgawe got a duty to be a teacher and he claimed as a father to Ken Arok.  Ken Arok founded by Sang Hyang Lohgawe in Taloka because the guidance of Betoro Wisnu about the characteristics of Ken Arok. Betoro Wisnu explained about the characteristics of Ken Arok then Ken Arok founded.

Sang Hyang Lohgawe said: "There was a child who his hands were long beyond his knees, he tattooed his right palm marked with chakra and his left palm marked with shankha (clam’s shell).  His name Ken Angrok. When i had been worshipped at Jambudwipa, I met him. He was a bead of Lord Wishnu ". (Pararathon, 1896: 8).

After Sang Hyang Logawe gave his knowledge to Ken Arok, they both went to Tumapel for meet  Akuwu ( the chief of the district ) Tumapel. His name Tunggul  Ametung.  Ken Angrok was accepted to stay in the district by Akuwu and he was allowed to serve in Tumapel as a servant.  After Tunggul Ametung’s murder by Ken Arok incidents, the Kingdom of Singhasari stood and Ken Arok was in charge. After Ken Arok already become a King, Sang Hyang Lohgawe chose to stay in Taloka rather than stayed in his country. He stayed in Taloka so that he accompanied Ken Arok while Ken Arok became a king. After Ken Arok died, Sang Hyang Lohgawe back to his hometown in India.

As a reverence, The Taloka’s People have been giving a penilation sign to Sang Hyang Lohgawe that he had stayed at Taloka as a Ken Arok’s Teacher.

The Era of the Mataram Islam’s Kingdom

In this era, There were conflict between Javanese Palace and Netherland Forces during the Gusti Raden Mas Gathot Menol’s period when he already became Hamengkubhuwana V, which was The King of Mataram Islam’s Kingdom (1823-1855). The peak of this conflict was the occurrence of The Javanese War or called as Diponegoro’s War. This war was led by a son of Hamengkubhuwana III. His name, Prince Harya Diponegoro.

During the Diponogoro’s War in 1825-1830 AD, Many Diponegoro’s troops were forced to flee from Netherland forces because of the dissimulation factors against Prince Diponegoro which led to a massive defeat. Then, Diponegoro’s troops ran away to east and they found a place that used for escape. There were Taloka and Tengger.

Who escaped to Taloka, Mbah Rifa'i (Mbah Mulud) and his troops. While other troops who escaped to Tengger were Mbah Branjangan, Mbah Tosari, Prince Dipoyono, Mbah Sirad, Nyi Kuning (Mbah Fatimah), Prince Dipondo (Sentong), Bambang Irawan, and Mbah Karimun. They escaped to Tengger to find one of their elder brothers, Mbah Sidiq Wacono / Kencono, who had chronicled since 1774 M. All of them were siblings of Mbah Sidiq except Mbah Branjangan and Mbah Karimun.

After that, Mbah Karimun and Nyi Koneng got married. They both followed Mbah Mulud, Mbah Karimun's cousin, to Taloka Village. They both helped Mbah Mulud in expanding the Taloka region and they collaborated with him to construct the boarding school in the backwoods, which is the backwoods now known as Madyorenggo.

After that, Nyi Koneng's brothers planned to accompany him to Taloka. They were Prince Dipoyono, Mbah Sirad, Prince Posentono (Sentong), Bambang Irawan, and his army’s friend, Mbah Branjangan. After they arrived Taloka, They were looking for their sister (Nyi Koneng). Then, Mbah Bambang Irawan was looking for her to the south area which is now known as Kepatihan, Dampit. While the others went to Serut (part of Taloka area), which is now known as Jatirenggo.

Several years before Prince Dipoyono, Mbah Sirad, Prince Diposentono (Sentong), and Mbah Branjangan met with their sister, they already had chronicled parts of Taloka in Jatirenggo. All of them settled in that area and they taught Islam as well as Sunan Kalijaga. This Islamic didn’t disturbing Javanese culture. In fact, it was used to be spread Islam as a teaching method. One of the concrete evidence is the tradition of Jatirenggo’s people who do the Kenduri (thanksgiving) by using Javanese prayer, and still using a Cawisan tradition (Sesajen) for the ancestors who had passed away.

At the same time, Mbah Mulud and Mbah Karimun in Madyorenggo used Islam Kudus-style for teach Islamic. They taught Islamic and culture to the people. Yet, they didn’t using Javanese culture. Until now, Madyorenggo’s people inherit the Islamic tradition with viscous culture.

As a tribute for the important role of Mbah Mulud and Mbah Karimun along with his wife, a punden (site) was made by Madyorenggo’s people on Petung Mountain. From that moment, they were known by society as figures who contributed in the spread of Islam in Taloka, especially in Madyorenggo.

Then, there were another punden (site) that was made on Djati Mountain. This punden was intended for Prince Dipoyono, Prince Diposentono (Sentong), and Mbah Branjangan. The people know them as chronicler of Jatirenggo for the first time.

As for, there was Mbah Sirad in Mentaraman village known him as Mbah Surogawe. He changed his name to hide his identity from Netherland forces, there was also Mbah Bambang Irawan who burried on Kepatihan, Dampit.

The Colonial’s Era until Independence’s Era

Talok became an official village legally since colonial era until independence era. There weren’t much details of histories about it. Only some old notes from the Talok’s ancestors and some written sources. There are Pararaton Book as well as the results and spiritual research.

The Talok’s name came from a Taloka Tree. Taloka Tree is a dewata tree from a seed that had planted first in Petung Mountain by Reca Bhuwana in 956 AD. The word of Taloka came from ancient Javanese language. Ta means Aran, and Loka means the world or dimension related with Kahyangan (heaven in Javanese culture). So, Taloka means the trees of Dewata that connects earth with Kahyangan and its a place where the gods had fallen.

Taloka trees have some characteristics. They have a lot of small branched, the distance so close, its about 10 meters, the leaves like banana leaves, the stalks and the texture of leaves like teak tree.

Based on the Book of Pararaton, etymologically the name of talok village derived from the process of sound decay for easy pronunciation, here the pronounciation of Taloka below: