Gw mau tau Lihat pula dari Ikan nila

Bardach, J.E.; J.H. Ryther & W.O. McLarney. 1972. Aquaculture. the Farming and Husbandry of Freshwater and Marine Organisms. John Wiley & Sons.

Kottelat, M.; A.J. Whitten; S.N. Kartikasari & S. Wirjoatmodjo. 1993. Freshwater Fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Periplus, Jakarta.

Boyd. C.E. 1982. Water quality Management For Pond Fish Culture. Amsterdam, Netherland: Scientific Pulishing Company.

Watanabe, T.1998. Nutrition and Mariculture. JICA Textbook. The General Aquaculture Course. Departement of Aquatic Bioscience. Tokyo Universityof Fisheries. Tokyo

Nagl, S.; H. Tichy; W.E. Mayer; I.E. Samonte; B.J. McAndrew & J. Klein. 2001. Classification and Phylogenetic Relationships of African Tilapiine Fishes Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 20(3): 361–374.