Jabarkan Bacaan lanjutan dari Kesultanan Utsmaniyah

Fromkin, David (1989). A Peace to End All Peace: the Fall of the Ottoman Empire and the Creation of the Modern Middle East. New York: Avon Books. 635 p., ill. with [34] p. of b&w photos. ISBN 0-380-71300-4

Palmer, Alan (1992). The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire. New York: M. Evans and Co. ix, [4], 306 p., maps. ISBN 0-87131-754-0