In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

Ex Input:
see scott, supra at 352; commonwealth v. ruffin, 475 mass. 1003, 1004 (2016).

Ex Output:
non-overruling


Ex Input:
wachter v. united states, 689 f. supp. 1420, 1422 (d. md. 1988) (applying maryland law); hales v. pittman, 576 p.2d 493, 499 (ariz.

Ex Output:
non-overruling


Ex Input:
smithparker acknowledges this precedent but argues that it was wrongly decided.

Ex Output:

overruling