In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

[Q]: Context: An association between mitral valvar prolapse and low body mass index has been proposed. The goal of this study was to evaluate this suggested association using two independent and large databases. For comparison, we evaluated the association, if any, between bicuspid aortic valve and low body mass index.', 'We retrospectively analyzed, using uni- and multivariate analysis, 1742 echocardiograms that were performed as a part of a cardiac screening of teenage athletes and 24,265 echocardiograms performed between 1984 and 1998 for various clinical indications.', 'The first database included a total of 12,926 (53%) female and 11,339 (47%) male patients. The second database included a total of 1172 male (67%) and 570 female (33%) high school athletes. Mitral valvar prolapse was independently associated with low body mass index in addition to mitral regurgitation in both data bases. An index less than 30 occurred in 78 of 13,874 (0.6%) as opposed to 7 of 3236 (0.2%) in the echo data base, p equal to 0.03, odds ratio: 2.4 confidence intervals: 1.1-5.2, and an index less than 20 occurred in 7 of 354 (2%) as opposed to 6 of 944 (0.6%) in the athletic data base, p equal to 0.03, odds ratio: 3.2 confidence intervals: 1.05-9.5. The finding of a bicuspid aortic valve did not have any association with low body mass index.\Question: Is mitral valvar prolapse significantly associated with low body mass index in addition to mitral and tricuspid regurgitation?
[A]: In our two independent databases, mitral valvar prolapse was independently associated with low body mass index in addition to mitral and tricuspid regurgitation. The cause of this association remains unknown.


[Q]: Context: Mucosal human papillomaviruses (HPV) are a major cause of cancers and papillomas of the anogenital and oropharyngeal tract. HPV-vaccination elicits neutralising antibodies in sera and cervicovaginal secretions and protects uninfected individuals from persistent anogenital infection and associated diseases caused by the vaccine-targeted HPV types. Whether immunisation can prevent oropharyngeal infection and diseases and whether neutralising antibodies represent the correlate of protection, is still unclear.', 'We determined IgG and neutralising antibodies against low-risk HPV6 and high-risk HPV16/18 in sera and oral fluids from healthy females (n=20) before and after quadrivalent HPV-vaccination and compared the results with non-vaccinated controls.', 'HPV-vaccination induced type-specific antibodies in sera and oral fluids of the vaccinees. Importantly, the antibodies in oral fluids were capable of neutralising HPV pseudovirions in vitro, indicating protection from infection. The increased neutralising antibody levels against HPV16/18 in sera and oral fluids post-vaccination correlated significantly within an individual.\Question: Does human papillomavirus vaccination induce neutralising antibodies in oral mucosal fluids?
[A]: We provide experimental proof that HPV-vaccination elicits neutralising antibodies to the vaccine-targeted types in oral fluids. Hence, immunisation may confer direct protection against type-specific HPV infection and associated diseases of the oropharyngeal tract. Measurement of antibodies in oral fluids represents a suitable tool to assess vaccine-induced protection within the mucosal milieu of the orophayrynx.


[Q]: Context: Patients undergoing cardiac surgery employing cardiopulmonary bypass frequently require transfusion of homologous blood products and, therefore, are exposed to the risk of transfusions. Autologous platelet-rich plasma administration may reduce homologous transfusion and attendant risks.', 'In a blinded, randomized fashion, patients undergoing repeat sternotomy and valvular surgery received either a sham product (n = 28) or autologous platelet-rich plasma (n = 28) at the conclusion of cardiopulmonary bypass. Perioperative blood loss, coagulation profiles, and transfusion requirements were compared between the two groups.', 'In the first 24 h postoperatively, both the platelet-rich plasma and sham groups received a median of 10.5 units of homologous blood products. Total median perioperative homologous transfusion requirements were 13 and 11.5 units for the platelet-rich plasma and sham groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in intraoperative or postoperative bleeding between the groups.\Question: Does autologous platelet-rich plasma reduce transfusion of homologous blood products in patients undergoing repeat valvular surgery?
[A]:
Autologous platelet-rich plasma did not reduce perioperative bleeding or transfusion requirements in repeat valvular surgery.