In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Q: Context: Recent studies have implicated central nicotinic cholinergic receptor systems in the reinforcing properties of alcohol. In laboratory animals, mecamylamine, a central nicotinic receptor antagonist, reduces the consumption of and preference for alcohol. This study investigated the effect of mecamylamine on the subjective responses to alcohol in humans. It was hypothesized that mecamylamine (7.5 and 15 mg) would attenuate the stimulant-like subjective effects of alcohol (0.8 g/kg) and decrease the self-reported desire to consume additional alcohol beverages.', 'Fourteen male and 13 female nonsmokers participated in 6 laboratory sessions. During each session, subjects received, in randomized order under double-blinded conditions, a capsule containing mecamylamine (7.5 or 15 mg) or placebo followed by a beverage containing alcohol (0.8 g/kg) or placebo. Physiologic and subjective-effect measures were taken at 30-min intervals for 2 hr after beverage consumption.', 'Mecamylamine attenuated the stimulant and euphoric effects of alcohol and reduced the self-reported desire to consume additional alcohol beverages. This effect was most pronounced in men, even though women exhibited greater physiologic reactions to mecamylamine.\Question: Does mecamylamine attenuate the subjective stimulant-like effects of alcohol in social drinkers?

A: These findings suggest that nicotinic cholinergic receptors are involved in mediating some of the stimulant-like effects of alcohol.
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Q: Context: Serum ferritin concentration >100\xa0ng/mL was associated with a higher risk of death in hemodialysis patients in Japan, whereas such an association was less clear in hemodialysis patients in Western countries. Since Japanese dialysis patients are generally less inflamed than those in Western countries, inflammation may modify the association between serum ferritin and the adverse outcomes.', 'We performed an observational cohort study using data from 2606 Japanese hemodialysis patients who participated in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS) III (2005-2008) or DOPPS IV (2009-2012). The predictor was serum ferritin category (<50, 50-99.9, 100-199.9, and ≥200\xa0ng/mL), and the primary and secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality and cardiovascular hospitalization, respectively. C-reactive protein (CRP, cut-off by 0.3\xa0mg/dL) and serum albumin (cut-off by 3.8\xa0g/dL) were stratification factors related to systemic inflammation.', 'After adjustment for relevant confounding factors, a U-shaped association was observed between serum ferritin and all-cause mortality in the group with low CRP levels, whereas such relationship was not significant in the high CRP counterparts. In contrast, we found a linear association between serum ferritin and cardiovascular hospitalization in the low CRP and high CRP groups commonly. Similar results were obtained when the total cohort was stratified by serum albumin.\Question: Do both low and high serum ferritin levels predict mortality risk in hemodialysis patients without inflammation?

A: Serum ferritin showed different patterns of association with all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients with versus without inflammation, whereas its association with cardiovascular hospitalization was similar regardless of inflammatory conditions.
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Q: Context: In children there is frequently a reason to exclude cystic fibrosis. Sweat testing is used for this. Because sweat testing has some disadvantages we investigated whether analyzing DNA for the local most common CFTR mutations, harvested from buccal cells, is reliable as a method to exclude cystic fibrosis.', 'In patients in whom a sweat test had been ordered during the period January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2004, we harvested buccal cell DNA for analysis. When blood was available, DNA from leukocytes was also analyzed.', 'A total of 73 sweat tests were ordered during the two-year study period, mostly because of recurrent pulmonary infections (36; 49%), failure to thrive (20; 27%) and chronic diarrhea (10, 14%). In 70, children the results of the sweat test were normal, in three patients the results were borderline. Sixty buccal smears were analyzed and no patient was homozygous for cystic fibrosis, two were heterozygous for cystic fibrosis. In none of the children the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis was established.\Question: Is analyzing DNA from buccal cells a reliable method for the exclusion of cystic fibrosis . Results of a pilot study?

A:
Analyzing DNA in cells, harvested from the buccal cells, is a reliable alternative to exclude cystic fibrosis. It is safe, simple, and child-friendly.
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