In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

Q: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Securing American Families 
Effectively (SAFE) Act''.

                          TITLE I--IMMIGRATION

SEC. 101. VISAS.

    (a) Student.--No citizens from a country which is one the State 
Department's list of governments which have sponsored terrorism or on 
the State Department's list of governments which have been less than 
fully cooperative in anti-terrorism efforts shall be granted a visa 
permitting study in the United States.
    (b) Diversity Immigrant Program.--No citizen from a country on the 
State Department's list of governments which have sponsored terrorism 
or on the State Department's list of governments which have been less 
than fully cooperative in anti-terrorism efforts may be issued an 
immigrant visa under section 203(c) of the Immigration and Nationality 
Act (8 U.S.C. 1153(c)) (governing the diversity immigrant program).

             TITLE II--DATA SHARING; INTELLIGENCE GATHERING

SEC. 201. REQUIRING SHARING BY THE FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION OF 
              CERTAIN CRIMINAL RECORD EXTRACTS WITH OTHER FEDERAL 
              AGENCIES IN ORDER TO ENHANCE BORDER SECURITY.

    (a) In General.--Section 105 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
(8 U.S.C. 1105), is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by adding ``and data exchange'' 
        at the end;
            (2) by inserting ``(a) Liaison With Internal Security 
        Officers.--'' after ``105.'';
            (3) by striking ``the internal security of'' and inserting 
        ``the internal and border security of''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Criminal History Record Information.--The Attorney General 
and the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation shall provide 
the Secretary of State and the Commissioner access to the criminal 
history record information contained in the National Crime Information 
Center's Interstate Identification Index, Wanted Persons File, and to 
any other files maintained by the National Crime Information Center 
that may be mutually agreed upon by the Attorney General and the 
official to be provided access, for the purpose of determining whether 
a visa applicant or applicant for admission has a criminal history 
record indexed in any such file. Such access shall be provided by means 
of extracts of the records for placement in the Department of State's 
automated visa lookout database or other appropriate database, and 
shall be provided without any fee or charge. The Director of the 
Federal Bureau of Investigation shall provide periodic updates of the 
extracts at intervals mutually agreed upon by the Attorney General and 
the official provided access. Upon receipt of such updated extracts, 
the receiving official shall make corresponding updates to the 
official's databases and destroy previously provided extracts. Such 
access to any extract shall not be construed to entitle the Secretary 
of State to obtain the full content of the corresponding automated 
criminal history record. To obtain the full content of a criminal 
history record, the Secretary of State shall submit the applicant's 
fingerprints and any appropriate fingerprint processing fee authorized 
by law to the Criminal Justice Information Services Division of the 
Federal Bureau of Investigation.
    ``(c) Reconsideration.--The provision of the extracts described in 
subsection (b) may be reconsidered by the Attorney General and the 
receiving official upon the development and deployment of a more cost-
effective and efficient means of sharing the information.
    ``(d) Regulations.--For purposes of administering this section, the 
Secretary of State shall, prior to receiving access to National Crime 
Information Center data, promulgate final regulations--
            ``(1) to implement procedures for the taking of 
        fingerprints; and
            ``(2) to establish the conditions for the use of the 
        information received from the Federal Bureau of Investigation, 
        in order--
                    ``(A) to limit the redissemination of such 
                information;
                    ``(B) to ensure that such information is used 
                solely to determine whether to issue a visa to an 
                individual;
                    ``(C) to ensure the security, confidentiality, and 
                destruction of such information; and
                    ``(D) to protect any privacy rights of individuals 
                who are subjects of such information.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of the Immigration 
and Nationality Act is amended by amending the item relating to section 
105 to read as follows:

``Sec. 105. Liaison with internal security officers and data 
                            exchange.''.
    (c) Effective Date and Implementation.--The amendments made by this 
section shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act and 
shall be fully implemented not later than 18 months after such date.
    (d) Reporting Requirement.--Not later than 2 years after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General and the Secretary of 
State, jointly, shall report to the Congress on the implementation of 
the amendments made by this section.
    (e) Construction.--Nothing in this section, or in any other law, 
shall be construed to limit the authority of the Attorney General or 
the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation to provide access 
to the criminal history record information contained in the National 
Crime Information Center's Interstate Identification Index, or to any 
other information maintained by such center, to any Federal agency or 
officer authorized to enforce or administer the immigration laws of the 
United States, for the purpose of such enforcement or administration, 
upon terms that are consistent with sections 212 through 216 of the 
National Crime Prevention and Privacy Compact Act of 1998 (42 U.S.C. 
14611 et seq.).

SEC. 202. AUTHORIZED DISCLOSURE.

    Section 2510(7) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
inserting ``, and (for purposes only of section 2517 as it relates to 
foreign intelligence information) any Federal law enforcement, 
intelligence, national security, national defense, protective, 
immigration personnel, or the President or Vice President of the United 
States'' after ``such offenses''.

SEC. 203. PERIOD OF ORDERS OF ELECTRONIC SURVEILLANCE OF NON-UNITED 
              STATES PERSONS UNDER FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE.

    (a) Including Agents of a Foreign Power.--(1) Section 105(e)(1) of 
the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 
1805(e)(1)) is amended by inserting ``or an agent of a foreign power, 
as defined in section 101(b)(1)(A),'' after ``or (3),''.
    (2) Section 304(d)(1) of such Act (50 U.S.C. 1824(d)(1)) is amended 
by inserting ``or an agent of a foreign power, as defined in section 
101(b)(1)(A),'' after ``101(a),''.
    (b) Period of Order.--Such section 304(d)(1) is further amended by 
striking ``forty-five'' and inserting ``90''.

            TITLE III--EXPANSION OF FBI LINGUISTIC CAPACITY

SEC. 301. EMPLOYMENT OF TRANSLATORS BY THE FEDERAL BUREAU OF 
              INVESTIGATION.

    (a) Authority.--The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation 
is authorized to expedite the employment of personnel as translators to 
support counterterrorism investigations and operations without regard 
to applicable Federal personnel requirements and limitations.
    (b) Security Requirements.--The Director of the Federal Bureau of 
Investigation shall establish such security requirements as are 
necessary for the personnel employed as translators.
    (c) Report.--The Attorney General shall report to the Committees on 
the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and the Senate on--
            (1) the number of translators employed by the FBI and other 
        components of the Department of Justice;
            (2) any legal or practical impediments to using translators 
        employed by other Federal State, or local agencies, on a full, 
        part-time, or shared basis; and
            (3) the needs of the FBI for specific translation services 
        in certain languages, and recommendations for meeting those 
        needs.

                       TITLE IV--CRIMINAL JUSTICE

SEC. 401. STATUTE OF LIMITATION FOR PROSECUTING TERRORISM OFFENSES.

    (a) In General.--Section 3286 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 3286. Terrorism offenses
    ``(a) An indictment may be found or an information instituted at 
any time without limitation for any Federal terrorism offense or any of 
the following offenses:
            ``(1) A violation of, or an attempt or conspiracy to 
        violate, section 32 (relating to destruction of aircraft or 
        aircraft facilities), 37(a)(1) (relating to violence at 
        international airports), 175 (relating to biological weapons), 
        229 (relating to chemical weapons), 351(a)-(d) (relating to 
        congressional, cabinet, and Supreme Court assassination and 
        kidnaping), 792 (relating to harboring terrorists), 831 
        (relating to nuclear materials), 844(f) or (i) when it relates 
        to bombing (relating to arson and bombing of certain property), 
        1114(1) (relating to protection of officers and employees of 
        the United States), 1116, if the offense involves murder 
        (relating to murder or manslaughter of foreign officials, 
        official guests, or internationally protected persons), 1203 
        (relating to hostage taking), 1751(a)-(d) (relating to 
        Presidential and Presidential staff assassination and 
        kidnaping), 2332(a)(1) (relating to certain homicides and other 
        violence against United States nationals occurring outside of 
        the United States), 2332a (relating to use of weapons of mass 
        destruction), 2332b (relating to acts of terrorism transcending 
        national boundaries) of this title.
            ``(2) Section 236 (relating to sabotage of nuclear 
        facilities or fuel) of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 
        2284);
            ``(3) Section 601 (relating to disclosure of identities of 
        covert agents) of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 
        421).
            ``(4) Section 46502 (relating to aircraft piracy) of title 
        49.
    ``(b) An indictment may be found or an information instituted 
within 15 years after the offense was committed for any of the 
following offenses:
            ``(1) Section 175b (relating to biological weapons), 842(m) 
        or (n) (relating to plastic explosives), 930(c) if it involves 
        murder (relating to possessing a dangerous weapon in a Federal 
        facility), 956 (relating to conspiracy to injure property of a 
        foreign government), 1030(a)(1), 1030(a)(5)(A), or 1030(a)(7) 
        (relating to protection of computers), 1362 (relating to 
        destruction of communication lines, stations, or systems), 1366 
        (relating to destruction of an energy facility), 1992 (relating 
        to trainwrecking), 2152 (relating to injury of fortifications, 
        harbor defenses, or defensive sea areas), 2155 (relating to 
        destruction of national defense materials, premises, or 
        utilities), 2156 (relating to production of defective national 
        defense materials, premises, or utilities), 2280 (relating to 
        violence against maritime navigation), 2281 (relating to 
        violence against maritime fixed platforms), 2339A (relating to 
        providing material support to terrorists), 2339B (relating to 
        providing material support to terrorist organizations), or 
        2340A (relating to torture).
            ``(2) Any of the following provisions of title 49: the 
        second sentence of section 46504 (relating to assault on a 
        flight crew with a dangerous weapon), section 46505(b)(3), 
        (relating to explosive or incendiary devices, or endangerment 
        of human life by means of weapons, on aircraft), section 46506 
        if homicide or attempted homicide is involved, or section 
        60123(b) (relating to destruction of interstate gas or 
        hazardous liquid pipeline facility) of title 49.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections at the beginning of 
chapter 213 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by amending the 
item relating to section 3286 to read as follows:

``3286. Terrorism offenses.''.
    (c) Application.--The amendments made by this section shall apply 
to the prosecution of any offense committed before, on, or after the 
date of enactment of this section.

SEC. 402. ALTERNATIVE MAXIMUM PENALTIES FOR TERRORISM CRIMES.

    Section 3559 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding 
after subsection (d) the following:
    ``(e) Authorized Terms of Imprisonment for Terrorism Crimes.--A 
person convicted of any Federal terrorism offense may be sentenced to 
imprisonment for any term of years or for life, notwithstanding any 
maximum term of imprisonment specified in the law describing the 
offense. The authorization of imprisonment under this subsection is 
supplementary to, and does not limit, the availability of any other 
penalty authorized by the law describing the offense, including the 
death penalty, and does not limit the applicability of any mandatory 
minimum term of imprisonment, including any mandatory life term, 
provided by the law describing the offense.''.

SEC. 403. PENALTIES FOR TERRORIST CONSPIRACIES.

    Chapter 113B of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by inserting after section 2332b the following:
``Sec. 2332c. Attempts and conspiracies
    ``(a) Except as provided in subsection (c), any person who attempts 
or conspires to commit any Federal terrorism offense shall be subject 
to the same penalties as those prescribed for the offense, the 
commission of which was the object of the attempt or conspiracy.
    ``(b) Except as provided in subsection (c), any person who attempts 
or conspires to commit any offense described in section 25(2) shall be 
subject to the same penalties as those prescribed for the offense, the 
commission of which was the object of the attempt or conspiracy.
    ``(c) A death penalty may not be imposed by operation of this 
section.''; and
            (2) in the table of sections at the beginning of the 
        chapter, by inserting after the item relating to section 2332b 
        the following new item:

``2332c. Attempts and conspiracies.''.

                        TITLE V--PROBABLE CAUSE

SEC. 501. PROBABLE CAUSE.

    Notwithstanding any other provision of law or regulation probable 
cause shall be the maximum standard for authorizing an investigation, 
or issuing a search warrant, related to investigations of suspected 
terrorists.

A: Securing American Families Effectively (SAFE) Act - Prohibits the granting of a visa permitting study in the United States, or the issuance of an immigration visa under the diversity immigrant program, to citizens from a country which is on the State Department's list of governments which have sponsored terrorism or which have been less than fully cooperative in anti-terrorism efforts.Amends the Immigration and Nationality Act to require the Attorney General and the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to provide the Secretary of State and the Commissioner of the Immigration and Naturalization Service access to criminal history record information.Increases: (1) the scope of persons authorized to disclose and use intercepted communications relating to foreign intelligence information; and (2) the period of electronic surveillance orders for non-U.S. persons under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978.Authorizes: (1) the FBI Director to expedite the employment of translators; (2) an indictment at any time without limitation for any Federal terrorism offense; and (3) alternative maximum penalties for terrorism crimes.Provides that any person who attempts or conspires to commit any Federal terrorism offense shall be subject to the same penalties as prescribed for the terrorism offense, with exceptions.Makes probable cause the maximum standard for authorizing an investigation, or issuing a search warrant related to an investigation, of suspected terrorists.
****
Q: SECTION 1. CAREERS TO CLASSROOMS.

    Title II of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
U.S.C. 6601 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating part E as part F;
            (2) by redesignating sections 2401 and 2402 as sections 
        2601 and 2602, respectively; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:

                    ``PART G--CAREERS TO CLASSROOMS

``SEC. 2401. CAREERS TO CLASSROOMS.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Alternative certification program.--The term 
        `alternative certification program' means a State-approved 
        program that--
                    ``(A) provides the education and training necessary 
                to enable an individual to be eligible for teacher 
                certification in the State within a reduced period of 
                time, compared to the time typically required to 
                receive such certification; and
                    ``(B) relies upon an individual's experience, 
                expertise, academic qualifications, or other factors in 
                lieu of traditional course work for eligibility to 
                receive a degree in the field of education.
            ``(2) Eligible individual.--The term `eligible individual' 
        means an individual--
                    ``(A) who has submitted an application described in 
                subsection (d) to be a certified teacher through a 
                State-approved alternative certification program in an 
                elementary school or secondary school;
                    ``(B) who has an associate, baccalaureate, or 
                advanced degree from an accredited institution of 
                higher education;
                    ``(C) who--
                            ``(i) has substantial, demonstrable career 
                        experience and competence in mathematics, 
                        natural science, computer science, engineering, 
                        foreign language or another field of expertise 
                        determined by the State to be a field for which 
                        there is a significant shortage of qualified 
                        teachers and teacher applicants in that State; 
                        or
                            ``(ii) within 5 years of the date on which 
                        the individual submits an application described 
                        in subparagraph (A)--
                                    ``(I) has received a baccalaureate 
                                or advanced degree from an accredited 
                                institution of higher education in a 
                                field of expertise described in clause 
                                (i); and
                                    ``(II)(aa) has graduated with at 
                                least a 3.0 grade point average (or 
                                equivalent average on a different 
                                scale) in the major or graduate program 
                                for which the individual obtained the 
                                degree;
                                    ``(bb) has graduated at least in 
                                the top 50 percent of the individual's 
                                undergraduate or graduate class;
                                    ``(cc) can demonstrate a high level 
                                of competence through a high level of 
                                academic performance in core academic 
                                coursework and through successful 
                                passage of academic subject tests 
                                required by the State under its 
                                alternative certification program; and
                                    ``(dd) meets any additional 
                                academic or other standards or 
                                qualifications established by the 
                                State;
                    ``(D) in the case of an individual receiving a 
                stipend under this section, who agrees to, in good 
                faith, seek employment and to consider offers of 
                employment in the individual's subject matter of 
                expertise in a high need elementary or secondary school 
                within that State; and
                    ``(E) who meets any additional teacher 
                certification or other requirements that may be 
                established by the State.
            ``(3) High need elementary or secondary school.--The term 
        `high need elementary or secondary school' means a school--
                    ``(A)(i) in which the percentage of students from 
                families below the Federal poverty level (as determined 
                by the Secretary) is 20 percent or more; and
                    ``(ii) that the State determines has experienced a 
                significant period in which teacher vacancies have 
                remained unfilled due to greater than normal difficulty 
                in recruiting or retaining qualified teachers;
                    ``(B) is within the top quartile of schools 
                statewide with regard to the number of unfilled, 
                available teacher positions; or
                    ``(C) is located in an area, other than a 
                metropolitan statistical area, that the State 
                determines has a high percentage of students from low-
                income families or is one that has experienced greater 
                than normal difficulty in recruiting or retaining 
                teachers.
    ``(b) Program Authorized.--The Secretary may award, on a 
competitive basis, grants to States to enable such States to carry out 
the following activities:
            ``(1) Teacher recruitment, education, training, referral, 
        placement, and retention activities to place eligible 
        individuals as certified teachers in public schools through 
        State-approved alternative certification programs.
            ``(2) To award stipends (in an amount not to exceed the 
        lesser of $5,000 per person or an amount equal to the total 
        costs of the types described in paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (8), 
        and (9) of section 472 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
        incurred by the eligible individual in obtaining alternative 
        certification under this section) to eligible individuals who--
                    ``(A) are enrolled in a State authorized 
                alternative certification program; and
                    ``(B) agree to--
                            ``(i) seek certification through teacher 
                        certification programs in that State; and
                            ``(ii) teach in a high need school in that 
                        State;
        with a preference being given to individuals who are deemed 
        financially in need of such assistance by the State.
            ``(3) To provide grants, in a manner prescribed by the 
        State, in an amount not to exceed $5,000 per eligible 
        individual, per year, to high need elementary or secondary 
        schools to offset the teacher mentoring, alternative 
        certification, and other direct costs associated with accepting 
        eligible individuals under this section.
            ``(4) To develop, or to award grants to accredited 
        institutions of higher education for the development of, 
        alternative certification programs, with preference given to 
        programs tailored to eligible individuals under this section.
            ``(5) Other activities determined by the State to be 
        reasonably necessary to carry-out the purposes of this section.
    ``(c) Criteria for Awarding of Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this section a State shall--
                    ``(A) submit to the Secretary an application that 
                contains--
                            ``(i) a description of the manner in which 
                        the State will carry out activities under this 
                        section; and
                            ``(ii) a description of the alternative 
                        certification program of the State or a 
                        description of the manner in which the State is 
                        attempting to implement an alternative 
                        certification program;
                    ``(B) provide assurances to the Secretary that the 
                State will submit to the Secretary, at the end of the 
                grant period, a report on how the activities carried 
                out with funds made available under the grant were 
                utilized, including a description of--
                            ``(i) the manner in which the funds were 
                        used to increase the number of qualified 
                        teachers hired in the State;
                            ``(ii) the manner in which the funds 
                        improved teacher quality;
                            ``(iii) the number of teachers hired under 
                        the grant;
                            ``(iv) the professional experience and 
                        field of expertise of each teacher hired under 
                        the grant; and
                            ``(v) the manner in which the funds were 
                        used to meet other objectives of this section 
                        or other objectives of the State with regard to 
                        teacher hiring, quality, retention, and student 
                        performance;
                    ``(C) provide assurances that amounts received 
                under the grant will be used to supplement and not 
                supplant other Federal, State, and local funds expended 
                to provide services for individuals and entities 
                eligible to receive funds under this section; and
                    ``(D) provide assurances to the Secretary that 
                amounts received under the grants will be expended 
                within 3 years of the receipt of such funds and agree 
                to return unused funds to the Secretary.
            ``(2) Preference.--The Secretary shall give preference in 
        the awarding of grants under this section to States that have 
        developed, or that are developing, alternative certification 
        programs that--
                    ``(A) rapidly place quality certified teachers into 
                the classroom;
                    ``(B) emphasize subject matter content; and
                    ``(C) lead to the certification and placement of a 
                large number of teachers in relation to the number of 
                public elementary school and secondary school teachers 
                in the State.
            ``(3) Limitations.--A grant under this section may be made 
        for a period of up to 3 years, and may not exceed $10,000,000 
        per year.
            ``(4) Geographic diversity.--To the extent practicable, the 
        Secretary shall award grants under this section to support 
        programs in different geographic regions of the United States.
    ``(d) Application by Eligible Individuals.--To be eligible to 
participate as an eligible individual under this section, an individual 
shall submit an application to the State, or to an entity or individual 
designated by the State to receive such applications. Such application 
shall include--
            ``(1) a description of the academic, professional, and 
        other qualifications of the individual, including the academic 
        or professional subject matter expertise of the individual;
            ``(2) a description of the subject matter area, and, if 
        applicable, the grade level, in which the individual desires to 
        teach;
            ``(3)(A) a description of whether the individual is seeking 
        a stipend under this section (if offered by the State); and
            ``(B) if the individual is seeking such a stipend, a 
        description of the willingness of the individual to teach in a 
        high need elementary or secondary school for at least 2 years 
        under this section; and
            ``(4) any other information or documentation that may be 
        required by the State.
    ``(e) Stipends.--
            ``(1) Counted for eligibility purposes.--A stipend received 
        by an eligible individual under this section shall be taken 
        into account in determining the eligibility of the individual 
        for Federal student-based financial assistance.
            ``(2) Repayment.--The recipient of a stipend under this 
        section shall repay amounts received under such stipend to the 
        State from which the stipend was received if--
                    ``(A) the recipient fails to complete the 
                applicable alternative certification program;
                    ``(B) the recipient rejects a bona fide offer of 
                employment during the 1-year period beginning on the 
                date on which the individual completes the applicable 
                alternative certification program; or
                    ``(C) the recipient fails to teach for at least 2 
                years in a public elementary school or secondary school 
                within that State during the 5-year period beginning on 
                the date on which the individual completes the 
                applicable alternative certification program.
            ``(3) Additional procedures.--A State that receives a grant 
        under this section may establish additional procedures and 
        rules with respect to the reimbursement of the State of any 
        stipend funds under paragraph (2), and shall retain such 
        reimbursed funds to carry out activities under this section.
            ``(4) Exceptions.--Paragraphs (2) and (3) shall not apply 
        during the period of time in which an eligible individual is--
                    ``(A) pursuing a full-time course of study;
                    ``(B) serving on active duty as a member of the 
                Armed Forces;
                    ``(C) temporarily totally disabled for a period of 
                time not to exceed 3 years;
                    ``(D) not able to secure employment for a period of 
                not more than 12 months by reason of the care required 
                by a spouse who is disabled; or
                    ``(E) otherwise exempted from the requirements of 
                such paragraphs as may be provided by the Secretary.
    ``(f) Public Awareness.--The Secretary shall disseminate and 
otherwise make available information concerning the program under this 
section, including--
            ``(1) through the posting of a website on the Internet to 
        enable interested persons to easily find information and 
        application material for participation in activities under this 
        section, that contains a nationwide, publicly searchable data 
        bank of all State programs and all available public elementary 
        and secondary teaching positions the Secretary is able to 
        practicably ascertain, and a means by which individuals may 
        apply to, or inquire of, multiple States' alternative 
        certification programs under this section;
            ``(2) providing information to every State about the 
        program under this section, including the criteria for State 
        and individual eligibility; and
            ``(3) conducting other activities, either directly or 
        through contract with other appropriate entities, to broaden 
        awareness and participation in the program under this section.
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--For the purpose of carrying 
out this section, there are authorized to be appropriated $50,000,000 
in fiscal year 2002, and such sums as may be necessary for each of 
fiscal years 2003 through 2007.''.

A: Careers to Classrooms Act of 2001 - Amends the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to establish a Careers to Classrooms program. Authorizes the Secretary of Education to award competitive grants to States for: (1) teacher recruitment, education, training, referral, placement, and retention activities to place eligible individuals as certified teachers in public schools through State-approved alternative certification programs; (2) stipends for eligible individuals enrolled in programs who agree to seek certification through teacher certification programs in that State and teach in a high-need school in that State, with preference for those individuals needing such assistance; (3) grants to high-need elementary or secondary schools to offset the teacher mentoring, alternative certification, and other direct costs associated with accepting eligible individuals under this Act; (4) grants to accredited institutions of higher education to develop alternative certification programs, with preference given to programs tailored to eligible individuals; and (5) other activities determined by the State to be reasonably necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act. Requires preference for such grants to be given to States that have developed, or are developing, alternative certification programs that: (1) rapidly place quality certified teachers into the classroom; (2) emphasize subject matter content; and (3) lead to the certification and placement of a large number of teachers in relation to the number of public elementary school and secondary school teachers in the State.
****
Q: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Advancement in Pediatric Autism 
Research Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    The Congress finds as follows:
            (1) Infantile autism and autism spectrum disorders are 
        biologically-based neurodevelopmental diseases that cause 
        severe impairments in language and communication and generally 
        manifest in young children sometime during the first two years 
        of life.
            (2) Best estimates indicate that 1 in 500 children born 
        today will be diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder and 
        that 400,000 Americans have autism or an autism spectrum 
        disorder.
            (3) Three quarters of those with infantile autism spend 
        their adult lives in institutions or group homes, and usually 
        enter institutions by the age of 13.
            (4) The cost of caring for individuals with autism and 
        autism spectrum disorder is great, and is estimated to be $13.3 
        billion per year solely for direct costs.
            (5) The rapid advancements in biomedical science suggest 
        that effective treatments and a cure for autism are attainable 
        if--
                    (A) there is appropriate coordination of the 
                efforts of the various agencies of the Federal 
                Government involved in biomedical research on autism 
                and autism spectrum disorders;
                    (B) there is an increased understanding of autism 
                and autism spectrum disorders by the scientific and 
                medical communities involved in autism research and 
                treatment; and
                    (C) sufficient funds are allocated to research.
            (6) Specifically, more knowledge is needed concerning--
                    (A) the underlying causes of autism and autism 
                spectrum disorders, how to treat the underlying 
                abnormality or abnormalities causing the severe 
                symptoms of autism, and how to prevent these 
                abnormalities from occurring in the future;
                    (B) the epidemiology of, and the identification of 
                risk factors for, infantile autism and autism spectrum 
                disorders;
                    (C) the development of methods for early medical 
                diagnosis and functional assessment of individuals with 
                autism and autism spectrum disorders, including 
                identification and assessment of the subtypes within 
                the autism spectrum disorders, for the purpose of 
                monitoring the course of the disease and developing 
                medically sound strategies for improving the outcomes 
                of such individuals;
                    (D) existing biomedical and diagnostic data that 
                are relevant to autism and autism spectrum disorders 
                for dissemination to medical personnel, particularly 
                pediatricians, to aid in the early diagnosis and 
                treatment of this disease; and
                    (E) the costs incurred in educating and caring for 
                individuals with autism and autism spectrum disorders.
            (7) In 1998, the National Institutes of Health announced a 
        program of research on autism and autism spectrum disorders. A 
        sufficient level of funding should be made available for 
        carrying out the program.

SEC. 3. EXPANSION, INTENSIFICATION, AND COORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES OF 
              NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH WITH RESPECT TO RESEARCH ON 
              AUTISM.

    Part B of title IV of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 284 
et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following section:

                                ``autism

    ``Sec. 409C. (a) In General.--
            ``(1) Expansion of activities.--The Director of NIH (in 
        this section referred to as the `Director') shall expand, 
        intensify, and coordinate the activities of the National 
        Institutes of Health with respect to research on autism.
            ``(2) Administration of program; collaboration among 
        agencies.--The Director shall carry out this section acting 
        through the Director of the National Institute of Mental Health 
        and in collaboration with the Director of the National 
        Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the Director 
        of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 
        and the Director of the National Institute on Deafness and 
        Other Communication Disorders.
            ``(3) Autism coordinating committee.--The Director shall 
        ensure that--
                    ``(A) there is in operation at the National 
                Institutes of Health a committee to coordinate, with 
                respect to research on autism, the activities of the 
                national research institutes specified in paragraph 
                (2); and
                    ``(B) the coordinating committee is composed of the 
                directors of such national research institutes and such 
                other officials of the National Institutes of Health as 
                the Director determines to be appropriate.
    ``(b) Centers of Excellence.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall under subsection 
        (a)(1) make awards of grants and contracts to public or 
        nonprofit private entities to pay all or part of the cost of 
        planning, establishing, improving, and providing basic 
        operating support for centers of excellence regarding research 
        on autism.
            ``(2) Research, training, and information and education.--
        Each center under paragraph (1) shall conduct--
                    ``(A) basic and clinical research into the cause, 
                diagnosis, early detection, prevention, control, and 
                treatment of autism, including research in the fields 
                of developmental neurobiology, genetics, and 
                psychopharmacology;
                    ``(B) training programs for physicians, scientists, 
                and other health and allied health professionals; and
                    ``(C) information and continuing education programs 
                for physicians and other health and allied health 
                professionals who provide care for patients with 
                autism.
            ``(3) Services for patients.--A center under paragraph (1) 
        may expend amounts provided under such paragraph to carry out a 
        program to make individuals aware of opportunities to 
        participate as subjects in research conducted by the centers. 
        The program may provide fees to such subjects. The program may, 
        in accordance with such criteria as the Director may establish, 
        provide to such subjects health care, referrals for health and 
        other services, and such incidental services as will facilitate 
        the participation of individuals as such subjects.
            ``(4) Stipends for training of health professionals.--A 
        center under paragraph (1) may expend amounts provided under 
        such paragraph to provide stipends for health professionals 
        enrolled in training programs under paragraph (2)(B).
            ``(5) Coordination of centers; reports.--The Director 
        shall, as appropriate, provide for the coordination of 
        information among centers under paragraph (1) and ensure 
        regular communication between such centers, and may require the 
        periodic preparation of reports on the activities of the 
        centers and the submission of the reports to the Director and 
        the coordinating committee under subsection (a)(3).
            ``(6) Organization of centers.--Each center under paragraph 
        (1) shall use the facilities of a single institution, or be 
        formed from a consortium of cooperating institutions, meeting 
        such requirements as may be prescribed by the Director.
            ``(7) Number of centers; duration of support.--The Director 
        shall, subject to the extent of amounts made available in 
        appropriations Acts, provide for the establishment of not less 
        than five centers under paragraph (1). Support of such a center 
        may be for a period not exceeding 5 years. Such period may be 
        extended for one or more additional periods not exceeding 5 
        years if the operations of such center have been reviewed by an 
        appropriate technical and scientific peer review group 
        established by the Director and if such group has recommended 
to the Director that such period should be extended.
    ``(c) Information and Education.--The Director shall under 
subsection (a)(1) carry out a program to provide information and 
education on autism to health professionals and the general public, 
including information and education on advances in the diagnosis and 
treatment of autism.
    ``(d) Facilitation of Research.--The Director shall under 
subsection (a)(1) provide by contract for a program under which samples 
of tissues and genetic materials that are of use in research on autism 
are donated, collected, preserved, and made available for such 
research. The program shall be carried out in accordance with accepted 
scientific and medical standards for the donation, collection, and 
preservation of such samples.
    ``(e) Public Input.--The Director shall under subsection (a)(1) 
provide for means through which the public can obtain information on 
the existing and planned programs and activities of the National 
Institutes of Health with respect to autism and through which the 
Director can receive comments from the public regarding such programs 
and activities.
    ``(f) Autism Spectrum Disorders.--For purposes of this section, the 
term `autism' includes autism spectrum disorders to the extent 
determined by the Director to be appropriate.
    ``(g) Funding.--
            ``(1) Authorization of appropriations.--For the purpose of 
        carrying out this section, there are authorized to be 
        appropriated $40,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, and such sums as 
        may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2000 through 
        2003. Such authorizations of appropriations are in addition to 
        any other authorization of appropriations that is available for 
        such purpose.
            ``(2) Allocations.--Of the amounts appropriated under 
        paragraph (1) for a fiscal year, the Director shall make 
        available not less than 75 percent for carrying out subsection 
        (b), not less than 6 percent for carrying out subsection (c), 
        and not less than 4 percent for carrying out subsection (d).''.

A:
Advancement in Pediatric Autism Research Act - Amends the Public Health Service Act to direct the Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to expand, intensify, and coordinate the activities of NIH with respect to autism.  Requires the Director, among other things to:  (1) ensure that at NIH there is a committee to coordinate research on autism; and (2) make awards and grants to public or nonprofit entities for centers of excellence regarding research on autism.  Authorizes appropriations.
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