In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision.  Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.

Ex Input:
limits in which the officer is empowered to act, when a report has previously been made that the vehicle has been stolen or a complaint has been filed and a warrant thereon issued charging that the vehicle has been embezzled.” Reading the facts in the light most favorable to Plaintiff, the Court finds that there is a material issue of fact as to whether Officer Faulk possessed the authority to impound the motorcycle based on the stolen vehicle report. A stolen vehicle report was made, which may give Officer Faulk the authority to impound the motorcycle without a warrant. However, Officer Faulk’s declaration shows that he was aware that the allegedly stolen vehicle was part of a contract dispute between private parties. See Allen v. City of Portland, 73 F.3d 232, 238 (9th Cir.1995) (<HOLDING>). The fact that Officer Faulk knew that the 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that a dispute regarding payment of a restaurant bill does not give rise to probable cause to arrest (B) holding that in the absence of a prior indictment probable cause for arrest is determined by the facts in the sworn complaint (C) holding that there was no probable cause to arrest the plaintiff because the facts of the case amounted to a contract dispute (D) holding that there is no  1983 cause of action for false arrest unless the arresting officer lacked probable cause (E) holding that the plaintiff must show that there was a lack of probable cause for the criminal prosecution

Ex Output:
(C)


Ex Input:
but rather whether there is at least one common question that will generate a common answer “apt to drive the resolution of the litigation.” Wal-Mart, 131 S.Ct. at 1225 (internal quotation marks and citation omitted); see also Wang, 737 F.3d at 544 (“[s]o long as there is even a single common question, a would-be class can satisfy the commonality requirement of Rule 23(a)(2).”). Here, the question of whether using the name-only matching logic assures maximum accuracy is such a question. See Acosta v. Trans Union LLC, 243 F.R.D. 377, 384 (C.D.Cal.2007) (common question of whether defendants maintained reasonable procedures to assure maximum accuracy satisfied commonality prerequisite); Clark v. Experian Information Solutions, Inc., 2001 WL 1946329, at *2 (D.S.C. March 19, 2001) (<HOLDING>). Rule 23(a)(2) is satisfied for the FCRA 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that the defendant conceded the accuracy of his prior convictions in his psi report by failing to object to the report (B) holding that certain information on police blotter show up and arrest sheets and front page of offense report are public information (C) holding that the plaintiff sufficiently pleaded a violation of the fcra based on extraneous information where it was alleged that the document included broad language regarding disclosure of the information the accuracy of the information the consequences of providing a false statement and the effect of a photocopy (D) holding that question of what reasonable procedures if any have been set up by the defendants to assure maximum accuracy of the information contained in the consumer report including information regarding or related to bankruptcy among other questions satisfied the commonality requirement of rule 23a2 (E) holding that the right of access to government information or sources of information within the governments control is not mandated by the first or fourteenth amendments

Ex Output:
(D)


Ex Input:
to dismiss for failure to state a cause of action is not a substitute for a motion for summary judgment, and in ruling on such a motion, the trial court is confined to a consideration of the allegations found within the four.corners of the complaint.”). We begin our analysis1 by noting that the Personal Representatives are duly appointed legal representatives of the Estate, with the capacity to bring an action on the Estate’s behalf and charged with the obligation to take possession of Norman’s property for purposes of administration. See §§ 733.602; 733.607(1), Fla. Stat. (2011); Tennyson v. ASCAP, 477 F. App’x 608 (11th Cir.2012); Sullivan v. Sessions, 80 So.2d 706 (Fla.1955); Brake v. Murphy, 687 So.2d 842 (Fla. 3d DCA 1996); cf. Disque v. Unger, 955 So.2d 1121 (Fla. 4th DCA 2007) (<HOLDING>). To that end, the Personal Representatives 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that where all substantive claims are properly dismissed there is no basis for injunctive relief (B) holding that a pro se complaint  should not be dismissed unless it appears that the plaintiff can prove no set of facts which would entitle him to relief (C) holding that where no colorable claim can be construed from a complaint it should be dismissed (D) recognizing that one of those conditions for a district judge to grant leave to amend the complaint may properly be that claims contained in the original complaint but not included in the amended complaint be considered dismissed with prejudice  (E) holding that trial court properly dismissed estates complaint for declaratory relief where outcome would be of no financial benefit to estate

Ex Output:

(E)