In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling
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Question: insofar as the smith, labatt, john shillito and gibson cases (supra) are in conflict herewith, they are expressly overruled.

Answer: overruling


Question: to the extent that central computer servs. would dictate a different holding, it is overruled.

Answer: overruling


Question: to the extent it is contrary to this opinion, george pepperdine foundation v. pepperdine, 126 cal.app.2d 154 [ 271 p.2d 600], is disapproved.

Answer:
overruling