Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Q: Oral cancer is the 4th leading cause of cancer death for males and the top cancer in young adult males in Taiwan. Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is a common oral cancer and generally associated with poor prognosis. Global DNA hypomethylation at the 5 position of cytosine (5mC) is a well-known epigenetic feature of cancer. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of the global 5mC content with the tumorigenesis and prognosis of patients with TSCC.', 'The levels of global 5mC were evaluated by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarray slides of 248 surgically resected TSCC and 202 corresponding tumor adjacent normal (TAN) tissues.', 'We found that the level of 5mC in TSCC (P < 0.001) was significantly decreased as compared to TAN. Among TSCC tissues, decreased levels of 5mC were associated with female gender (P = 0.036). In addition, the global hypomethylation was associated with the poor disease-specific survival in TSCC patients (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.55, P = 0.043), especially for patients in older age group (> 50 years, P = 0.013), with moderate or poor cell differentiation (P = 0.044), early stage of disease (I-II, P = 0.046), small tumor size (T1-T2, P = 0.005), without lymph node involvement (P = 0.041), and ever received postoperative radiotherapy (P = 0.009).

A: 0
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Q: The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) plays an important role in appetite and food intake regulation.', 'Because previous data revealed that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the DLPFC reduces food cravings, we hypothesized that repetitive electric stimulation of the right DLPFC would lower food intake behavior in humans.', 'In a single-blind, code-based, placebo-controlled, counterbalanced, randomized crossover experiment, 14 healthy young men with body mass index (in kg/m(2)) from 20 to 25 were examined during 8 d of daily tDCS or a sham stimulation. After tDCS or sham stimulation on the first and the last day of both experimental conditions, participants consumed food ad libitum from a standardized test buffet.', 'One week of daily anodal tDCS reduced overall caloric intake by 14% in comparison with sham stimulation. Moreover, repetitive tDCS diminished self-reported appetite scores.

A: 1
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Q: Acute uterine cervical distension (UCD) forms the basis for obstetric and some gynecologic pain. Systemic morphine inhibits the visceromotor response to UCD in rats by an action in the central nervous system, but the effect of morphine is blocked by exposure to estrogen. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether this estrogen blockade of the action of morphine reflects a spinal mechanism.', 'Virgin Sprague-Dawley rats received estrogen or placebo treatment for 1 week after ovariectomy. Rats were then anesthetized, and the electromyographic response in the rectus abdominis muscle to UCD was recorded in the absence and presence of cumulative dosing with intrathecal morphine.', 'Estrogen treatment did not alter the stimulus- response relationship between UCD and reflex muscle contraction. Intrathecal morphine reduced the visceromotor reflex response to UCD in a dose-dependent manner that was unaffected by estrogen treatment.

A:
0
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