In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

Example Input: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Terrorism Insurance Backstop 
Extension Act of 2005''.

SEC. 2. EXTENSION OF TERRORISM INSURANCE PROGRAM.

    (a) Program Years 4 and 5.--Paragraph (11) of section 102 of the 
Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 6701 note) is amended 
by adding at the end the following new subparagraphs:
                    ``(E) Program year 4.--The term `Program Year 4' 
                means the period beginning on January 1, 2006 and 
                ending on December 31, 2006.
                    ``(F) Program year 5.--The term `Program Year 5' 
                means the period beginning on January 1, 2007 and 
                ending on December 31, 2007.''.
    (b) Insurer Deductible.--Paragraph (7) of section 102 of the 
Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 6701 note) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subparagraph (E) as subparagraph (H);
            (2) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (3) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following new 
        subparagraphs:
                    ``(E) for Program Year 4, the value of an insurer's 
                direct earned premiums over the calendar year 
                immediately preceding Program Year 4, multiplied by 15 
                percent;
                    ``(F) for Program Year 5, the value of an insurer's 
                direct earned premiums over the calendar year 
                immediately preceding Program Year 4, multiplied by 20 
                percent; and'';
            (4) in subparagraph (H) (as so redesignated by paragraph 
        (1) of this subsection)--
                    (A) by striking ``(D)'' and inserting ``(F)''; and
                    (B) by striking ``or Program Year 3'' and inserting 
                ``Program Year 3, Program Year 4, or Program Year 5''.
    (c) Mandatory Availability.--Subsection (c) of section 103 of the 
Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 6701 note) is amended--
            (1) by striking all of the matter that precedes 
        subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
    ``(c) Mandatory Availability.--During the Program, each entity that 
meets the definition of an insurer under section 102--'';
            (2) by striking paragraph (2); and
            (3) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as 
        paragraphs (1) and (2) and realigning such paragraphs, as so 
        redesignated, so as to be indented 2 ems from the left margin.
    (d) Insured Loss Shared Compensation.--Subsection (e) of section 
103 of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 6701 note) 
is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking ``or Program Year 3'' 
        and inserting ``, Program Year 3, Program Year 4, Program Year 
        5, or the final Program Year'';
            (2) in paragraph (3), by striking ``or Program Year 3'' and 
        inserting ``, Program Year 3, Program Year 4, Program Year 5, 
        or the final Program Year'';
            (3) in paragraph (6)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (C) by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                subparagraphs:
                    ``(D) for Program Year 4, the lesser of--
                            ``(i) $17,500,000,000; and
                            ``(ii) the aggregate amount, for all 
                        insurers, of insured losses during such Program 
                        Year;
                    ``(E) for each of Program Year 5 and the Final 
                Program Year, the lesser of--
                            ``(i) $20,000,000,000; and
                            ``(ii) the aggregate amount, for all 
                        insurers, of insured losses during such Program 
                        Year; and''; and
            (4) in paragraph (7)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and (C)'' 
                and inserting ``(C), (D), and (E)''; and
                    (B) in subparagraphs (B) and (C), by striking ``or 
                (C)'' each place such term appears and inserting ``(C), 
                (D), or (E)''.
    (e) Coverage of Group Life Insurance.--
            (1) In general.--Paragraph (5) of section 102 of the 
        Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 6701 note) is 
        amended in the matter that precedes subparagraph (A) by 
        inserting ``or group life'' after ``property and casualty''.
            (2) Technical and conforming amendments.--The Terrorism 
        Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 6701 note) is amended--
                    (A) in section 102--
                            (i) in paragraph (1)--
                                    (I) in subparagraph (B)(i), by 
                                inserting ``or group life insurance'' 
                                after ``workers' compensation''; and
                                    (II) in subparagraph (B)(ii), by 
                                inserting ``and group life insurance'' 
                                after ``property and casualty 
                                insurance'';
                            (ii) in paragraph (4)--
                                    (I) by inserting ``or for group 
                                life insurance'' after ``property and 
                                casualty insurance''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``paragraph (5)'' 
                                and inserting ``paragraph (6)'';
                            (iii) in paragraph (5), by inserting ``and 
                        group life insurance'' after ``workers' 
                        compensation''; and
                            (iv) in paragraph (6)--
                                    (I) in subparagraph (A)(i), by 
                                inserting ``property and casualty or 
                                group life'' after ``excess'';
                                    (II) in subparagraph (B), by 
                                inserting ``or group life insurance 
                                coverage'' after ``property and 
                                casualty insurance coverage'';
                            (v) by redesignating paragraphs (5) through 
                        (16) as paragraphs (6) through (17), 
                        respectively; and
                            (vi) by inserting after paragraph (4), the 
                        following new paragraph:
            ``(5) Group life insurance.--The term `group life 
        insurance' means an insurance contract that provides term life 
        insurance coverage, accidental death coverage, or a combination 
        thereof, for a number of persons under a single contract, on 
        the basis of a group selection of risks.'';
                    (B) in section 103--
                            (i) in subsection (b)(1), by inserting 
                        ``(including a named beneficiary in the case of 
                        a group life insurance policy)'' before the 
                        second comma;
                            (ii) in subsection (c)--
                                    (I) in paragraph (1) (as so 
                                redesignated by subsection (c)(3) of 
                                this section), by inserting ``and group 
                                life'' after ``property and casualty''; 
                                and
                                    (II) in paragraph (2) (as so 
                                redesignated by subsection (c)(3) of 
                                this section), by inserting ``and group 
                                life'' after ``property and casualty'';
                            (iii) in subsection (e)--
                                    (I) in paragraph (6), by striking 
                                ``For'' and inserting ``Except as 
                                provided in subparagraph (F) of this 
                                paragraph, for'';
                                    (II) in paragraph (6), by inserting 
                                after subparagraph (E) (as added by 
                                subsection (d)(3)(C) of this section) 
                                the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(F) for each of the periods referred to in 
                subparagraphs (A) through (E), the amounts provided 
                under such subparagraphs, as such amounts shall be 
                increased by the Secretary before the expiration of the 
                90-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of 
                the Terrorism Insurance Backstop Extension Act of 2005, 
                based on the increase in the size of the Program caused 
                by the inclusion of group life insurance pursuant to 
                such Act, in proportion to the increased premiums 
                involved.'';
                                    (III) in paragraph (7)(C), by 
                                inserting ``or group life insurance'' 
                                after ``workers compensation'';
                                    (IV) in paragraph (8)(A)(i), by 
                                inserting ``and group life'' after 
                                ``property and casualty''; and
                                    (V) in paragraph (8), by inserting 
                                ``or group life'' after ``property and 
                                casualty'' each place such term appears 
                                in subparagraphs (A)(iii) and (C); and
                            (iv) by striking subsection (h);
                    (C) in section 105(c), by inserting ``or group 
                life'' after ``property and casualty''; and
                    (D) in section 108(d)(1), by inserting ``and the 
                group life insurance industry'' after ``property and 
                casualty insurance industry''.
            (3) Required rulemaking.--Not later than 90 days after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the 
        Treasury shall issue final regulations to carry out this 
        subsection.
    (f) Study on Long-Term Solutions.--Section 103 of the Terrorism 
Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 6701 note) is amended by striking 
subsection (i) and inserting the following new subsection:
    ``(h) Study on Long-Term Solutions.--By September 1, 2005, the 
Secretary shall conduct a study and submit a report to the Congress on 
alternatives for expanding the availability and affordability of 
terrorism insurance after the termination of the Program that do not 
involve a Federal financial backstop.''.
    (g) Termination of Program.--
            (1) Termination.--Subsection (a) of section 108 of the 
        Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 6701 note) is 
        amended by striking ``December 31, 2005'' and inserting 
        ``December 31, 2007''.
            (2) Final gao study and report.--Subsection (d) of section 
        108 of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 6701 
        note) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
        paragraph:
            ``(3) Final gao study and report.--The Comptroller General 
        of the United States shall conduct an assessment of the matters 
        referred to in paragraph (1) and shall submit a report to the 
        Congress, not later than June 30, 2007, on the results of such 
        study.''.

SEC. 3. FINAL PROGRAM YEAR.

    (a) Definition.--Paragraph (11) of section 102 of the Terrorism 
Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 6701 note), as amended by the 
preceding provisions of this Act, is further amended by adding at the 
end the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(G) Final program year.--The term `Final Program 
                Year' means the period beginning on January, 1, 2008 
                and ending on December 31, 2008.''. ''.
    (b) Insured Losses.--Paragraph (5) of section 102 of the Terrorism 
Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 6701 note) is amended by adding 
after and below subparagraph (B) the following new sentence:
        ``With respect to the Final Program Year, such term means only 
        such losses as are described in the preceding sentence that are 
        covered by primary or excess property and casualty insurance or 
        group life insurance, that is issued before January 1, 2008, 
        and expires not later than December 31, 2008; except that the 
        Secretary may exclude from insured losses for the Final Program 
        Year losses covered by a policy for such insurance if the 
        Secretary determines that the primary purpose in establishing 
        the particular term of the policy was obtaining compensation 
        under the Program for losses covered by the policy.''.
    (c) Insurer Deductible.--Paragraph (7) of section 102 of the 
Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 6701 note), as amended 
by the preceding provisions of this Act, is further amended by 
inserting after subparagraph (F) the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(G) for the Final Program Year, the value of an 
                insurer's direct earned premiums for the terms 
                remaining under any policies for insurance described in 
                the last sentence of paragraph (5) as of the occurrence 
                of the act of terrorism during such Year that results 
                in insured losses, as determined by the Secretary, 
                multiplied by 20 percent; and''.
Example Output: Terrorism Insurance Backstop Extension Act of 2005 - Amends the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 to define: (1) the term "Program Year 4" as the period from January 1, 2006, through December 31, 2006; and (2) the term "Program Year 5" as the period from January 1, 2007, from December 31, 2007 (thereby extending the terrorism risk insurance program from 2005 through 2007).

Sets a deadline for the Secretary of the Treasury to make a final determination regarding: (1) the availability of group life insurance to both insurers and consumers; and (2) whether certain provisions of the Act shall be applied to providers of group life insurance.

Sunsets the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program after December 31, 2007.

Details the treatment of insured losses and the insurer deductible for the Final Program Year (January 1, 2008, through December 31, 2008).

Example Input: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Spacefaring Priorities for America's 
Continued Exploration Act'' or the ``SPACE Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Russia is not a reliable partner.--(A) Unless Space 
        Shuttle operations are extended beyond 2010, the United States 
        will be heavily reliant on Russia to supply crew and possibly 
        cargo transport services to the International Space Station 
        during the gap period of 2010 through 2015. There will be no 
        other way to fly our astronauts into space during this period.
            (B) The United States should not increase its reliance on 
        Russia to transport American astronauts into space, given the 
        increasingly divergent views and posturing from Russia. Russia 
        opposes the United States plan to base an antimissile radar 
        system in the Czech Republic and interceptor missiles in Poland 
        to deal with the threat posed by the Iranian nuclear weapons 
        and missile programs. Russia also suspended its participation 
        in the Conventional Forces in Europe (CFE) treaty, one of the 
        most significant arms control agreements of the Cold War years. 
        Additionally, Russia continues to arm some of America's most 
        hostile adversaries, Iran and Venezuela. Despite United States 
        objections, Russia sold billions of dollars worth of weapons to 
        the regime of Hugo Chavez in 2006. Such meddling is a possible 
        violation of the Monroe Doctrine and a throwback to the Cold 
        War era. Even more troublesome is the Russian history of 
        weapons trading with Iran. Russia has supplied advanced 
        conventional arms technology, missile technology, and nuclear 
        technologies to this very anti-American regime.
            (2) Russia has abused past nasa cooperation agreements.--
        (A) In the late 1990s, Russia fell short in fulfilling its 
        commitment to the International Space Station.
            (B) The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (in 
        this Act referred to as ``NASA'') was forced to transfer 
        hundreds of millions of dollars to enable the Russians to 
        complete the critical Space Station service module Zvezda, 
        without which the International Space Station could not 
        operate.
            (C) Russia delayed completion of the Zvezda service module 
        for several years. Under the International Space Station 
        agreement, the Russian government had committed to fund as well 
        as build the Zvezda service module. Subsequent transfers from 
        the United States, in order to complete the module, reflect 
        serious Russian mismanagement in the field of space.
            (D) In 2000, while Russia was failing to meet its 
        commitment to the International Space Station, Russia was 
        diverting financial and human resources away from fulfilling 
        its International Space Station commitments in order to keep 
        the Russian's Mir Space Station aloft.
            (E) Russia's past shortcomings in fulfilling commitments to 
        its international space partners should serve as a warning to 
        the United States as we consider increased reliance on Russian 
        space services in the future. It is not prudent for the United 
        States to depend on Russia for access to space given our past 
        experience with this relationship.
            (3) American space science should not be dependent on 
        russian support.--(A) The United States has already invested 
        billions of dollars in the International Space Station program 
        since its inception.
            (B) There is much research of great value being conducted 
        in space, and on the International Space Station, that may 
        yield tremendous gains. Research being conducted on the 
        International Space Station may help scientists back on Earth 
        develop medicines to treat diseases and help us better 
        understand the Earth's climate. Many scientists believe that 
        the microgravity environment of space will enable the 
        development of new drugs, vaccines, and other therapies. 
        Equipment on the International Space Station will monitor 
        stratospheric gases, and investigate ozone chemistry.
            (4) The united states must have assured access to space.--
        (A) To ensure that the United States realizes the dividends 
        from the considerable investment we have made in the 
        International Space Station, we need to ensure continued access 
        to space for our astronauts. However, NASA's plan for transport 
        of crew to and from the International Space Station fails to 
        provide necessary redundancies to provide assured access to 
        space.
            (B) NASA anticipates that the Russian Soyuz spacecraft will 
        be the only vehicle for astronaut crew rotation to the 
        International Space Station after 2010. From 2011 until the 
        planned operation of Orion in 2015, NASA likely has no other 
        option for transporting American astronauts to space other than 
        on Russian vehicles.
            (C) NASA has conceded that without the Space Shuttle, it 
        will be unable to transport the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer 
        (AMS) to the International Space Station. Scientists involved 
        in the development of the AMS acknowledge that it will enhance 
        scientific discoveries. While the AMS has cost over 
        $1,500,000,000 to develop and build, NASA has stated that the 
        remaining Space Shuttle manifest does not allow for transport 
        of the AMS and that it will not be an option to retrofit 
        another launch vehicle in order to fly it into space. Only by 
        extending Space Shuttle operations beyond 2010 will NASA be 
        able to transport the AMS to the International Space Station. 
        As long as the AMS meets all required standards to verify its 
        validity and justify its transport on the Space Shuttle, NASA 
        should fulfill its obligation to the Department of Energy and 
        our international partners.
            (D) In addition, the Japanese Centrifuge Accommodation 
        Module, which can only fly to the International Space Station 
        on the Space Shuttle, will also be unable to reach the Space 
        Station absent extending Space Shuttle operations.
            (5) A better approach.--(A) Due to NASA's lack of a backup 
        plan for reliance on the Russians for transport of American 
        astronauts to space, the United States needs a better approach. 
        The best approach is the Space Shuttle, a proven, domestic 
        source of space transport for assured access to space, 
        including the International Space Station, for crew and cargo 
        transport.
            (B) With 2 Shuttle missions per year during the human 
        spaceflight program flight gap between Shuttle and Orion, 
        currently scheduled from 2010 through 2015, we can replace our 
        need to rely on the Russians for crew rotation for the 
        International Space Station.
            (C) Savings from replacing Russian transport services to 
        the International Space Station with the Space Shuttle would 
        pay for a portion of the costs for flying 2 Space Shuttle 
        missions per year.
            (D) Only by closing the gap between 2010 and 2015, or until 
        the Orion is operational, will our Nation be able to keep our 
        Nation's highly skilled and critically important spaceworkers 
        and engineers gainfully employed, and mitigate the loss of 
        critical skills.
            (E) By extending Space Shuttle operations, NASA may realize 
        considerable savings by no longer having to pay retention 
        bonuses to critical space workers. But retention bonuses would 
        not be the only added costs associated with the end of Space 
        Shuttle operations when critical skilled workers leave NASA or 
        its contractors. Recruitment incentives for new workers and 
        contract cost increases could also be incurred by NASA since 
        the majority of the Kennedy Space Center's workforce are 
        contractors.
            (F) The success of the Constellation program will depend on 
        having the most skilled and experienced workforce possible. The 
        workforce gap, as currently envisioned by NASA, will jeopardize 
        this. NASA has acknowledged that thousands of critical space 
        workers will lose their jobs in the transition from the Space 
        Shuttle to the Constellation program. Continued operation of 
        the Space Shuttle, but on a reduced flight requirement, while 
        also integrating these workers into the Orion program, is the 
        best way to retain many of these critical workers and skill 
        sets.
            (G) An August 2007 study by the Government Accountability 
        Office, ``NASA Progress Made on Strategic Human Capital 
        Management, but Future Program Challenges Remain,'' stated that 
        ``the agency as a whole faces challenges in recruiting and 
        retaining highly experienced senior-level engineers in certain 
        specialties. NASA's principal workforce challenge will be faced 
        in the transition to the next generation of human space flight 
        systems.''.
            (H) This Act authorizes for NASA additional funding under 
        section 4 to fully restore the appropriation shortfalls in 
        fiscal years 2007 and 2008 compared to the funds that were 
        authorized for NASA. An additional $1,000,000,000 is authorized 
        in section 4(b) to reimburse NASA for the costs incurred by 
        NASA from the Space Shuttle return-to-flight efforts following 
        the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster.

SEC. 3. PROHIBITION ON USE OF RUSSIAN SPACE SERVICES.

    NASA shall not rely solely on the Russian government for astronaut 
transport or cargo resupply services. This prohibition does not apply 
to the current Soyuz emergency escape services for astronauts on the 
International Space Station.

SEC. 4. ADDITIONAL FUNDING FOR NASA.

    (a) Additional Authorization for Fiscal Year 2007 Shortfall.--There 
are authorized to be appropriated to NASA $1,648,000,000, 41.6 percent 
of which shall be for Exploration Systems, and 28.7 percent of which 
shall be available for Space Operations.
    (b) Columbia Return-to-Flight.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to NASA $1,000,000,000 for emergency funding to reimburse 
for Columbia return-to-flight costs, of which the Exploration Systems 
and Space Operations Accounts shall receive funding at the rate 
proportional to the amounts used to pay the costs associated with the 
Space Shuttle return-to-flight efforts.
    (c) Additional Authorization for Fiscal Year 2008 Shortfall.--There 
are authorized to be appropriated to NASA $1,064,000,000, 41.7 percent 
of which shall be for Exploration Systems.
    (d) Preservation of Funding for Programs.--NASA shall not take any 
funding from its Exploration Systems account or the Constellation 
program in order to fund the continued operation of the Space Shuttle 
program as required in this Act.

SEC. 5. EXTENDING SPACE SHUTTLE OPERATIONS.

    (a) Use of Space Shuttle for Access to Space.--NASA shall fly at 
least 2 Space Shuttle missions per year for crew transport, instead of 
Russian crew and cargo services, for the period of 2010 through 2015, 
or until Orion is operational. There are authorized to be appropriated 
to NASA such sums as may be necessary, in addition to amounts otherwise 
authorized, to carry out this subsection, including for the production 
of more external tanks as may be needed.
    (b) Insufficient Funding.--Except as provided under subsection (c), 
the requirements of this Act shall have effect only to the extent that 
sufficient funding is appropriated, as authorized under subsection (a). 
Sufficient funding is defined as funds required to fully or partially 
comply with the requirements of this Act.
    (c) Report to Congress.--NASA shall report to Congress not later 
than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act on the specific 
costs and actions needed to extend the operation of the Space Shuttle 
in accordance with this Act.
    (d) Operational Efficiencies.--As soon as possible, but no later 
than March 31, 2011, NASA shall investigate areas of reduced operations 
and enhanced cost savings and implement those that do not impinge the 
safe operation of the Space Shuttle program, including the following:
            (1) The possible retirement of one Space Shuttle orbiter, 
        leaving 2 to remain operational, in a manner that ensures the 
        safe operation of the Space Shuttle program.
            (2) Significantly reducing changes to the design of the 
        Space Shuttle orbiters, in a manner that ensures the safe 
        operation of the Space Shuttle program. This shall include 
        changes to the Space Shuttle software systems.
            (3) Significantly reducing Space Shuttle orbiter 
        configuration operations and payload configuration operations, 
        in a manner that ensures the safe operation of the Space 
        Shuttle program.
            (4) Maximizing the use of shared personnel between the 
        continued operation of the Space Shuttle and Constellation and 
        other NASA programs.
    (e) Facilities.--If conflicts arise in NASA's efforts to allocate 
facilities, personnel, and other resources in order to fly the Space 
Shuttle as well as continue the development of Constellation, then NASA 
shall identify in a report to Congress in advance such conflicts, along 
with recommendations as to how they can be mitigated.

SEC. 6. SHUTTLE RECERTIFICATION.

    Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act, 
NASA shall define achievable and attainable requirements for operation 
of the Space Shuttle program beyond 2010, as recommended by the 
Columbia Accident Investigation Board. NASA shall transmit these 
requirements to Congress in the form of a report. NASA shall then 
immediately begin the process of satisfying these requirements and 
shall satisfy all requirements no later than March 31, 2010.
Example Output: Spacefaring Priorities for America's Continued Exploration Act or SPACE Act - Prohibits the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) from relying solely on the Russian government for astronaut transport or cargo resupply services, except for the current Soyuz emergency escape services for astronauts on the International Space Station.

Authorizes appropriations to NASA for: (1) exploration systems; and (2) emergency funding for Columbia return-to-flight costs.

Requires NASA to fly at least two space shuttle missions per year for crew transport, instead of Russian crew and cargo services, for the period 2010-2015, or until Orion is operational. Authorizes appropriations to carry out such operations. Requires NASA to report to Congress on the specific costs and actions needed to extend the operation of the space shuttle.

Requires NASA, by March 31, 2011, to investigate areas of reduced operations and enhanced cost savings and implement those that do not impinge on the safe operation of the space shuttle program.

Directs NASA to define achievable and attainable requirements for the operation of such program beyond 2010, as recommended by the Columbia Accident Investigation Board. Requires: (1) NASA to report to Congress on such requirements; and (2) NASA to immediately begin satisfying those requirements and to satisfy all of them by March 31, 2010.

Example Input: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Greater Middle East and Central Asia 
Development Act of 2004''.

SEC. 2. PURPOSE.

    The purpose of this Act is to authorize assistance for political 
freedom and economic development, particularly through private sector 
development, in the Greater Middle East and Central Asia, including 
contributions to and participation in 3 new entities: a Trust for 
Democracy, a Development Foundation, and a Development Bank.

SEC. 3. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, signaled a 
        turning point in United States foreign policy.
            (2) Al Qaeda and affiliated groups have established a 
        terrorist network with linkages in Afghanistan, Pakistan, 
        throughout the Greater Middle East and Central Asia, and around 
        the world.
            (3) The war on terrorism requires that the United States 
        consider the Greater Middle East and Central Asia as a 
        strategic region with its own political, economic, and security 
        dynamics.
            (4) While rich in cultural, geographic, and language 
        diversity, the Greater Middle East and Central Asia face common 
        impediments to economic development and political freedom.
            (5) Although poverty and economic underdevelopment do not 
        alone cause terrorism, the expansion of economic growth, free 
        trade, and private sector development can contribute to an 
        environment that undercuts radical political tendencies that 
        give rise to terrorism.
            (6) Given the relationship between economic and political 
        development and winning the global war on terror, America's 
        support for freedom in the Greater Middle East and Central Asia 
        must be matched with expanded and new programs of partnership 
        with the people and governments of the region to promote good 
        governance, political freedom, private sector development, and 
        more open economies.
            (7) The United States and other donors should support those 
        citizens of the Greater Middle East and Central Asia who share 
        our desire to undertake reforms that result in more open 
        political and economic systems.
            (8) Turkey, which should be supported in its aspirations 
        for membership in the European Union, plays a pivotal and 
        unique role in efforts to bring economic development and 
        stability to the Greater Middle East and Central Asia.
            (9) The President should seek new mechanisms to work 
        together with European and other nations, as well as with the 
        countries of the Greater Middle East and Central Asia to 
        promote political and economic development in the Greater 
        Middle East and Central Asia.
            (10) Because the dynamics of the Greater Middle East and 
        Central Asia have a serious impact on global security, the 
        North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) should now shift its 
        strategic focus to the region, including expanded roles in 
        Iraq, Afghanistan, and the Mediterranean.

SEC. 4. DEFINITION; SPECIAL RULE.

    (a) Greater Middle East and Central Asia Defined.--In this Act, the 
term ``Greater Middle East and Central Asia'' means the 22 members of 
the Arab League (Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, 
Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, the 
Palestinian Authority, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, 
Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen), Afghanistan, Iran, Israel, 
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, and 
Uzbekistan.
    (b) Special Rule.--A country listed in subsection (a) may not 
receive assistance under this Act if such country is identified as a 
country supporting international terrorism pursuant to section 
6(j)(1)(A) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (as in effect 
pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act; 50 U.S.C. 
1701 et seq.), section 40(d) of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 
2780(d)), section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
2371), or any other provision of law.

SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF ASSISTANCE.

    Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the President is 
authorized to provide assistance to the Greater Middle East and Central 
Asia for the purpose of promoting economic and political freedoms, free 
trade, and private sector development, including the programs described 
in the following paragraphs:
            (1) United states contribution to and membership in a 
        greater middle east and central asia development bank.--The 
        President is authorized to work with other donors and 
        representatives from the Greater Middle East and Central Asia 
        to establish a Greater Middle East and Central Asia Development 
        Bank to promote private sector development, trade, including 
        intra-regional trade, and investment in the Greater Middle East 
        and Central Asia.
            (2) Creation of a greater middle east and central asia 
        development foundation.--The President is authorized to work 
        with other donors and representatives from the Greater Middle 
        East and Central Asia to establish a multilateral Greater 
Middle East and Central Asia Development Foundation to assist in the 
administration and implementation of assistance programs, including 
public-private programs, pursuant to this Act, with specific emphasis 
on programs at the grass-roots level, to include volunteer-based 
organizations and other nongovernmental organizations that support 
private sector development, entrepreneurship, and development of small- 
and medium-size enterprises and exchanges.
            (3) Creation of trust for democracy.--The President is 
        authorized to establish, together with other donors and private 
        sector and nongovernmental leaders from the Greater Middle East 
        and Central Asia, a multilateral, public-private Trust for 
        Democracy to support grass-roots development of civil society, 
        democratic reform, good governance practices, and rule of law 
        reform in the Greater Middle East and Central Asia. Private 
        foundations shall be encouraged to participate in the Trust 
        through the provision of matching funds.

SEC. 6. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING COORDINATION OF ASSISTANCE TO THE 
              GREATER MIDDLE EAST AND CENTRAL ASIA.

    Recognizing the importance of coordination of assistance to the 
Greater Middle East and Central Asia, and the strategic imperatives 
required by the war on terrorism, it is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the Secretary of State and the heads of other relevant 
        Government agencies should consider new approaches to the 
        coordination of the provision of political and economic support 
        for the Greater Middle East and Central Asia; and
            (2) the Secretary of State should consider appointing a 
        Coordinator for Assistance to the Greater Middle East and 
        Central Asia.

SEC. 7. PROGRAM REPORTS.

    (a) Requirement for Reports.--Beginning on January 31, 2005, and 
annually thereafter, the President shall submit to Congress a report on 
the progress of the Greater Middle East and Central Asia, the Greater 
Middle East and Central Asia Development Bank, the Greater Middle East 
and Central Asia Development Foundation, and the Trust for Democracy in 
developing more open political and economic systems and the degree to 
which United States assistance has been effective at promoting these 
changes.
    (b) Content.--The reports required by subsection (a) shall include 
general information regarding such progress and specific information on 
the progress of each of the Greater Middle East and Central Asia 
Development Bank, the Greater Middle East and Central Asia Development 
Foundation, and the Trust for Democracy in--
            (1) encouraging entrepreneurial development and supporting 
        growth of small- and medium-size enterprises in the Greater 
        Middle East and Central Asia;
            (2) promoting private sector development, democratic 
        political reform, good governance building, rule of law reform, 
        and other appropriate goals in the Greater Middle East and 
        Central Asia;
            (3) fostering intra-regional trade and investment by United 
        States businesses and financial institutions in the Greater 
        Middle East and Central Asia;
            (4) developing public-private partnerships to carry out the 
        purpose of this Act; and
            (5) encouraging the involvement of the Greater Middle East 
        and Central Asia, and other donors in each institution.

SEC. 8. ENTERPRISE FUNDS REPORTS TO CONGRESS.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
President shall submit to Congress a comprehensive report evaluating 
the appropriateness of the establishment of enterprise funds in the 
Greater Middle East and Central Asia. The report shall evaluate whether 
and to what extent enterprise funds might be an effective mechanism for 
promoting economic reform and investment in the Greater Middle East and 
Central Asia.

SEC. 9. REPORT ON COORDINATION OF ASSISTANCE TO THE GREATER MIDDLE EAST 
              AND CENTRAL ASIA.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
President shall submit to Congress a report that describes the measures 
that have been employed, and the measures that are planned to be 
employed, to improve the coordination within the Department of State 
and among the heads of the relevant Government agencies of the 
provision of support to the Greater Middle East and Central Asia.

SEC. 10. NOTIFICATIONS TO CONGRESS REGARDING ASSISTANCE.

    Section 634A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2394-
1) (relating to reprogramming notifications) shall apply with respect 
to obligations of funds made available to carry out this Act.

SEC. 11. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--In addition to funds 
otherwise available for such purpose and for the countries to which 
this Act applies, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
Department of State to carry out the provisions of this Act, 
$1,000,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2005 through 2009.
    (b) Availability of Funds.--Amounts appropriated pursuant to 
subsection (a) shall remain available until expended.
Example Output:
Greater Middle East and Central Asia Development Act of 2004 - Authorizes the President to provide assistance to countries (excluding those countries supporting international terrorism) in the Greater Middle East and Central Asia to promote economic and political freedoms, free trade, and private sector development, including working with other donors and the countries of the Greater Middle East and Central Asia to establish: (1) a Greater Middle East and Central Asia Development Bank to promote private sector development, trade, including intra-regional trade, and investment in the Greater Middle East and Central Asia; (2) a multilateral Greater Middle East and Central Asia Development Foundation to assist in the administration and implementation of assistance programs, including public-private programs, with emphasis on programs at the grass-roots level; and (3) a multilateral, public-private Trust for Democracy to support grass-roots development of civil society, democratic reform, good governance practices, and rule of law reform in the Greater Middle East and Central Asia.

Defines "Greater Middle East and Central Asia'' as the 22 nations of the Arab world (Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine/West Bank/Gaza, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen), Afghanistan, Iran, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.

Expresses the sense of Congress that: (1) the Secretary of State and the heads of other Government agencies should consider new approaches for the coordination of political and economic support for the countries of the Greater Middle East and Central Asia; and (2) the Secretary should consider appointing a Coordinator for Assistance to the Greater Middle East and Central Asia.

Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to require congressional notification of fund obligations under this Act.