From the given sentence, extract the phrase (often noun or verb) that carries the given relationship. The generated phrase should be present in the sentence.

Given Relationship: 'be award by', Sentence: 'Thomas was awarded his PhD in Computer Science last summer from the University of Southampton and now works there in its School of Electronics and Computer Science .'
awarded

Given Relationship: 'be member of', Sentence: 'Rice assured the Japanese ambassador that Washington would do so and also indicated that the United States will support Japan 's bid to become a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council , according to the sources .'
member

Given Relationship: 'invade', Sentence: 'Do you think the United States would have invaded Iraq if the Israeli govt and the Israel lobby were n't encouraging the United States to invade ?'

invade