Given a question and a context passage, generate the answer having the word or phrase from the context passage. Here, the answer should be a shortest continous span from the passage.
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Question: Context: Athabasca Valles is an outflow channel on Mars, cut into its surface by catastrophic flooding. 
 Question: The astronomical body that Athabasca Valles was located on was what?

Answer: mars


Question: Context: Coming off their home win over the Rams, the Bengals flew to Bill Walsh Field at Monster Park for a Saturday night interconference duel with the San Francisco 49ers. After a scoreless first quarter, Cincinnati trailed early in the second quarter as 49ers QB Shaun Hill got a 3-yard TD run. Afterwards, the Bengals would take the lead as kicker Shayne Graham managed to get a 24-yard field goal, while QB Carson Palmer completed a 52-yard TD pass to WR Chris Henry. San Francisco would end the half with Hill completing a 17-yard TD pass to TE Vernon Davis. In the third quarter, the 49ers increased their lead with kicker Joe Nedney getting a 29-yard and a 38-yard field goal. In the fourth quarter, Cincinnati tried to respond as Graham kicked a 35-yard field goal. However, the 49ers' defense held on for the win. With the loss, the Bengals fell to 5-9, securing Head Coach Marvin Lewis' first losing season with Cincinnati. 
 Question: Which team lost to the Rams in the prior week?

Answer: bengals


Question: Context: Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain (born Lawrence Joshua Chamberlain, September 8, 1828 -- February 24, 1914) was an American college professor from the State of Maine, who volunteered during the American Civil War to join the Union Army. 
 Question: To which branch did Joshua Chamberlain belong?

Answer:
union army