Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Input: Consider Input: Context: Hair loss is related to follicular density, programmed regrowth and hair productivity.', 'The dissatisfaction with hair growth in patients experiencing hair loss might be due to slower linear hair growth rate (LHGR).', 'LHGR and hair diameter was evaluated in Caucasian controls and patients with patterned hair loss employing the validated non-invasive, contrast-enhanced-phototrichogram with exogen collection.', 'We evaluated 59,765 anagen hairs (controls 24,609, patients 35,156) and found thinner hairs grew slower than thicker hairs. LHGR in normal women was generally higher than in normal men. LHGR correlates with hair diameter (P < 0.006) and global thinning is associated with slower growth rates. Compared with hair of equal thickness in controls, subjects affected with patterned hair loss showed reduced hair growth rates, an observation found in both male and female patients. Males with pattern hair loss showed further reduction in growth rates as clinical severity worsened. However, sample size limitations prevented statistical evaluation of LHGR in severely affected females.
Answer: Caucasian ethnicity.

Output: Are gender differences in scalp hair growth rates maintained but reduced in pattern hair loss compared to controls?


Input: Consider Input: Context: The aim of the present study was to determine the potential therapeutic value of the lazaroid U-83836E on blood brain barrier (BBB) breakdown and edema with respect to the changes in the synaptosomal Na+/K+ and Mg(2+)/Ca(2+)-adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) activities, tissue malondialdehyde levels and the neuronal viability in the rat brain subjected to cerebral trauma.', 'Traumatic brain injury (TBI) was introduced by applying a 75 gm. cm force to the right parietal cortex using the weight-drop method. The first set of animals was used for determining time course changes of the synaptosomal Na+/K+ and Mg(2+)/Ca(2+)-ATPase and the malondialdehyde levels and were sacrificed 2, 6 and 24h after lesion production. A group of the animals was treated with U-83836E proir to TBI and sacrificed 24h after cerebral injury. A second set of animals was used for evaluating the alterations in BBB disruption and tissue water content and were sacrificed 2, 6 and 24h after lesion production. Two groups of animals were treated with U-83836E and sacrificed after 2 and 24h following TBI. U-83836E was given intraperitoneally thirty minutes before trauma at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Neuronal necrosis was also evaluated in the groups of U-83836E and physiological saline-treated animals.', 'Extravasation of Evans blue into the traumatized hemisphere was maximum at 2h (p<0.001) and returned close to the control levels at 24h after TBI (p>0.05). Edema had developed progressively over time and reached the maximum degree of 2.1% (p<0.001) at 24h. U-83836E showed no effect on the BBB breakdown and the tissue water content at 2h and still had no effect on the BBB breakdown after 24h following the trauma (p>0.05), although it reduced edema after 24h (p<0.01). The losses of Na+/K+ and Mg(2+)/Ca(2+)-ATPase activities were found as 39.5% (p<0.001) and 29.4% (p<0.01) of the control value, respectively, and remained at the decreased levels throughout the experiment. Malondialdehyde level continued to increase over time reaching up to 209% (p<0.001) of the control value 24h after TBI. Both ATPase activities were improved to near control values (p>.05) by the effect of U-83836E. U-83836E inhibited the increase of lipid peroxidation (p<0.001) and also salvaged neuronal necrosis (p<0.05).
Answer: U-83836E given prophylactically after cerebral trauma appears to reduce edema, possibly by inhibiting increases in lipid peroxidation and by stabilizing ATPase. Further studies are recommended to verify the similar effects of the brain penetrating lazaroids when they are given after trauma.

Output: Does lazaroid attenuate edema by stabilizing ATPase in the traumatized rat brain?


Input: Consider Input: Context: It is widely accepted that chronic renal failure is associated with severe alterations of immune system. However, few studies looked into the immune alteration in earlier stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. To characterize immune defect in CKD patients, we performed lymphocyte subset analysis and explored its relationship to renal function in this population.', '472 CKD patients were enrolled in this study. Lymphocyte subsets (CD19(+), CD3(+), CD3(+)CD4(+), CD3(+)CD8(+), CD56(+)CD16(+)) were determined by flow cytometry. Clinical and laboratory data were collected. Patterns of immune cells in different stages of CKD were compared. Multivariate linear regression was used to evaluate the relationship between lymphocyte subset group and renal function. Correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between lymphocyte subset and other clinical and laboratory data.', 'Decreased lymphocyte counts occurred long before the end stage of renal disease. Increased NK cell percentage was negatively related to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (r = -0.259, p < 0.001) while B cell percentage was positively related to eGFR (r = 0.249, p < 0.001). Further multivariate linear regression showed increased B cell percentage (β = 16.470, 95%CI [1.018-31.922], p = 0.037) and decreased NK cell percentage (β = -10.659, 95%CI [-20.063 to -1.254], p = 0.026) were independently correlated with higher eGFR, respectively. Patients with lower NK cell percentage and higher B cell percentage tended to have the best renal function.
Answer: Lymphocyte depletion and subset alteration occurred during the progress of CKD. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of immune system in CKD and to expand our knowledge about the effect of uremia on the structure and function of immune system.


Output: Do lymphocyte depletion and subset alteration correlate to renal function in chronic kidney disease patients?