instruction:
In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Women and Children's HIV Protection 
Act of 2003''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    The Congress finds as follows:
            (1) Perinatal transmission is the leading cause of 
        pediatric HIV infections, including AIDS cases.
            (2) The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 
        (``CDC'') estimates that nearly 7,000 HIV-infected women give 
        birth in the United States each year and as many as 400 babies 
        continue to be born with HIV infection each year.
            (3) Medical advances have made it possible to nearly 
        eliminate perinatal HIV transmission.
            (4) Research studies have demonstrated that the 
        administration of antiviral medication during pregnancy, during 
        labor, and immediately following birth can significantly reduce 
        the transmission of HIV from an infected mother to her baby. 
        Caesarean section further reduces the risk of transmission.
            (5) Even if treatment begins shortly after birth, 
        antiretroviral therapy can substantially reduce the chance that 
        an HIV-exposed infant will become infected.
            (6) Breastfeeding by HIV-infected mothers poses additional 
        significant risk of infection to babies.
            (7) The Institute of Medicine (``IOM'') has recommended the 
        adoption of a national policy of universal HIV testing, with 
        patient notification, as a routine component of prenatal care. 
        However, 15 percent of HIV-infected pregnant women receive no 
        prenatal care according to the IOM.
            (8) The CDC has recommended since 1995 that all pregnant 
        women be counseled and offered voluntary HIV testing. Yet 
        nearly half of pregnant women are still not tested according to 
        the CDC. The CDC has found that mandatory testing of newborns 
        and universal HIV testing of pregnant woman are the best 
        approaches for identifying, treating, and preventing HIV among 
        pregnant women and children.
            (9) The American Medical Association recommends mandatory 
        HIV testing of all newborns with appropriate treatment for 
        affected mothers and children.
            (10) Testing newborns whose mothers' status is unknown 
        ensures that every child at risk for HIV is identified.
            (11) More than a third of the HIV infections that occur 
        annually among newborns in the United States could be prevented 
        with routine HIV testing of pregnant woman or newborns 
        according to a 2002 report by the Inspector General of the 
        Department of Health and Human Services. This represents over 
        100 babies born every year that are needlessly infected.
            (12) The provision of testing of pregnant women and 
        newborns with appropriate counseling and treatment can 
        significantly reduce the number of pediatric HIV infections, 
        including AIDS cases, can improve access to and medical care 
        for the woman and children, and can provide opportunities to 
        further reduce transmission among adults.
            (13) The provision of such testing, counseling, and 
        treatment can reduce the overall cost of pediatric HIV 
        infections, including AIDS cases.
            (14) New York State has required mandatory HIV counseling 
        and voluntary testing for pregnant women and mandatory HIV 
        testing of all newborns since February 1997. As a result, the 
        perinatal HIV transmission rate in the State has dropped from 
        25 percent to an all time low of 3.5 percent and over 99 
percent of HIV-infected women and their children have been linked to 
care.
    (15) For the foregoing reasons--
                    (A) universal routine HIV testing of pregnant women 
                and newborns should be the standard of care; and
                    (B) the relevant medical organizations, as well as 
                public health officials, should issue guidelines making 
                such testing, counseling, and treatment the standard of 
                care.

SEC. 3. GRANTS REGARDING COUNSELING AND TESTING OF PREGNANT WOMEN AND 
              NEWBORN INFANTS.

    Subpart II of part B of title XXVI of the Public Health Service Act 
(42 U.S.C. 300ff-33 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 2625 
the following section:

``SEC. 2625A. GRANTS REGARDING COUNSELING AND TESTING OF PREGNANT WOMEN 
              AND NEWBORN INFANTS.

    ``(a) In General.--Of the amounts appropriated under section 2677 
for a fiscal year for carrying out this part, exclusive of amounts 
available for grants under section 2618(a)(2)(I), the Secretary, 
subject to subsection (b)(2), shall reserve $82,875,000 for making 
grants to each State that demonstrates that the law or regulations of 
the State are in accordance with the following:
            ``(1) That all pregnant women receiving prenatal care in 
        the State be offered counseling and testing regarding HIV 
        disease.
            ``(2) In the case of prenatal testing for such disease that 
        is conducted in the State, that the results of such testing be 
        promptly disclosed to the pregnant woman involved.
            ``(3) In the case of newborn infants who are born in the 
        State and whose biological mothers have not undergone prenatal 
        testing for HIV disease, that each such infant undergo testing 
        for such disease.
            ``(4) That the results of such testing of a newborn infant 
        be promptly disclosed in accordance with the following, as 
        applicable to the infant involved:
                    ``(A) To the biological mother of the infant 
                (without regard to whether she is the legal guardian of 
                the infant).
                    ``(B) If the State is the legal guardian of the 
                infant:
                            ``(i) To the appropriate official of the 
                        State agency with responsibility for the care 
                        of the infant.
                            ``(ii) To the appropriate official of each 
                        authorized agency providing assistance in the 
                        placement of the infant.
                            ``(iii) If the authorized agency is giving 
                        significant consideration to approving an 
                        individual as a foster parent of the infant, to 
                        the prospective foster parent.
                            ``(iv) If the authorized agency is giving 
                        significant consideration to approving an 
                        individual as an adoptive parent of the infant, 
                        to the prospective adoptive parent.
                    ``(C) If neither the biological mother nor the 
                State is the legal guardian of the infant, to another 
                legal guardian of the infant.
                    ``(D) To the child's health care provider.
            ``(5) That, in disclosing the test results to an individual 
        under paragraph (2) or (4), appropriate counseling on HIV 
        disease and appropriate referrals for health care be offered to 
        the individual (except in the case of a disclosure to an 
        official of a State or an authorized agency, or to a health 
        care provider).''.
    ``(b) Date Certain for Making Grants; Limitation on Reservation of 
Funds.--
            ``(1) Date certain for making grants.--Not later than the 
        end of the three-month period beginning on the date on which 
        appropriations first become available for a fiscal year for 
        grants under section 2611, the Secretary shall make grants 
        under subsection (a) for such fiscal year to all States that 
        seek such grants and meet the condition described in such 
        subsection for the grants.
            ``(2) Limitation on reservation of funds.--Effective upon 
        the expiration of the period described in paragraph (1) with 
        respect to a fiscal year, the unobligated portion of the amount 
        reserved under subsection (a) for the fiscal year is available 
        for grants under section 2611 for the fiscal year.
    ``(c) Amount of Grants.--Each grant under subsection (a) for a 
fiscal year shall be made in the amount of $1,500,000, except that the 
amount of such a grant for a territory of the United States shall be 
$375,000.
    ``(d) Authorized Expenditures.--A grant under subsection (a) may be 
expended for any purpose for which a grant under 2611 is authorized to 
be expended.
    ``(e) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, the terms `State' 
and `territory of the United States' have the meanings that apply to 
such terms for purposes of grants under section 2611 (including the 
meanings that apply for purposes of section 2618).''.
answer:
Women and Children's HIV Protection Act of 2003 - Amends the Public Health Service Act to provide for grants regarding the counseling and testing of pregnant women and newborn infants out of moneys appropriated under the care grant program. Prohibits making a grant to a State unless the State demonstrates that the law or regulations of the State require specified testing and services for pregnant women and newborn infants regarding HIV disease.


question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``John R. Justice Prosecutors and 
Defenders Incentive Act of 2007''.

SEC. 2. LOAN REPAYMENT FOR PROSECUTORS AND DEFENDERS.

    Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 
(42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

     ``PART JJ--LOAN REPAYMENT FOR PROSECUTORS AND PUBLIC DEFENDERS

``SEC. 3111. GRANT AUTHORIZATION.

    ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to encourage 
qualified individuals to enter and continue employment as prosecutors 
and public defenders.
    ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Prosecutor.--The term `prosecutor' means a full-time 
        employee of a State or local agency who--
                    ``(A) is continually licensed to practice law; and
                    ``(B) prosecutes criminal cases at the State or 
                local level.
            ``(2) Public defender.--The term `public defender' means an 
        attorney who--
                    ``(A) is continually licensed to practice law; and
                    ``(B) is--
                            ``(i) a full-time employee of a State or 
                        local agency or a nonprofit organization 
                        operating under a contract with a State or unit 
                        of local government, that provides legal 
                        representation to indigent persons in criminal 
                        cases; or
                            ``(ii) employed as a full-time Federal 
                        defender attorney in a defender organization 
                        established pursuant to subsection (g) of 
                        section 3006A of title 18, United States Code, 
                        that provides legal representation to indigent 
                        persons in criminal cases.
            ``(3) Student loan.--The term `student loan' means--
                    ``(A) a loan made, insured, or guaranteed under 
                part B of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
                (20 U.S.C. 1071 et seq.), excluding a loan under 
                section 428C of such Act, except as provided under 
                subparagraph (C);
                    ``(B) a loan made under part D or E of title IV of 
                the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087a et 
                seq. and 1087aa et seq.), excluding a loan under 
                section 455(g) of such Act, except as provided under 
                subparagraph (C); and
                    ``(C) a loan made under section 428C or 455(g) of 
                the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1078-3 and 
                1087e(g)) to the extent that such loan was used to 
                repay a Federal Direct Stafford Loan, a Federal Direct 
                Unsubsidized Stafford Loan, or a loan made under 
                section 428 or 428H of such Act.
    ``(c) Program Authorized.--The Attorney General shall establish a 
program by which the Department of Justice shall assume the obligation 
to repay a student loan, by direct payments on behalf of a borrower to 
the holder of such loan, in accordance with subsection (d), for any 
borrower who--
            ``(1) is employed as a prosecutor or public defender; and
            ``(2) is not in default on a loan for which the borrower 
        seeks forgiveness.
    ``(d) Terms of Agreement.--
            ``(1) In general.--To be eligible to receive repayment 
        benefits under subsection (c), a borrower shall enter into a 
        written agreement that specifies that--
                    ``(A) the borrower will remain employed as a 
                prosecutor or public defender for a required period of 
                service of not less than 3 years, unless involuntarily 
                separated from that employment;
                    ``(B) if the borrower is involuntarily separated 
                from employment on account of misconduct, or 
                voluntarily separates from employment, before the end 
                of the period specified in the agreement, the borrower 
                will repay the Attorney General the amount of any 
                benefits received by such employee under this section;
                    ``(C) if the borrower is required to repay an 
                amount to the Attorney General under subparagraph (B) 
                and fails to repay such amount, a sum equal to that 
                amount shall be recoverable by the Federal Government 
                from the borrower (or such borrower's estate, if 
                applicable) by such methods as are provided by law for 
                the recovery of amounts owed to the Federal Government;
                    ``(D) the Attorney General may waive, in whole or 
                in part, a right of recovery under this subsection if 
                it is shown that recovery would be against equity and 
                good conscience or against the public interest; and
                    ``(E) the Attorney General shall make student loan 
                payments under this section for the period of the 
                agreement, subject to the availability of 
                appropriations.
            ``(2) Repayments.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Any amount repaid by, or 
                recovered from, a borrower or the estate of a borrower 
                under this subsection shall be credited to the 
                appropriation account from which the amount involved 
                was originally paid.
                    ``(B) Merger.--Any amount credited under 
                subparagraph (A) shall be merged with other sums in 
                such account and shall be available for the same 
                purposes and period, and subject to the same 
                limitations, if any, as the sums with which the amount 
                was merged.
            ``(3) Limitations.--
                    ``(A) Student loan payment amount.--Student loan 
                repayments made by the Attorney General under this 
                section shall be made subject to such terms, 
                limitations, or conditions as may be mutually agreed 
                upon by the borrower and the Attorney General in an 
                agreement under paragraph (1), except that the amount 
                paid by the Attorney General under this section shall 
                not exceed--
                            ``(i) $10,000 for any borrower in any 
                        calendar year; or
                            ``(ii) an aggregate total of $60,000 in the 
                        case of any borrower.
                    ``(B) Beginning of payments.--Nothing in this 
                section shall authorize the Attorney General to pay any 
                amount to reimburse a borrower for any repayments made 
                by such borrower prior to the date on which the 
                Attorney General entered into an agreement with the 
                borrower under this subsection.
    ``(e) Additional Agreements.--
            ``(1) In general.--On completion of the required period of 
        service under an agreement under subsection (d), the borrower 
        and the Attorney General may, subject to paragraph (2), enter 
        into an additional agreement in accordance with subsection (d).
            ``(2) Term.--An agreement entered into under paragraph (1) 
        may require the borrower to remain employed as a prosecutor or 
        public defender for less than 3 years.
    ``(f) Award Basis; Priority.--
            ``(1) Award basis.--Subject to paragraph (2), the Attorney 
        General shall provide repayment benefits under this section on 
        a first-come, first-served basis, and subject to the 
        availability of appropriations.
            ``(2) Priority.--The Attorney General shall give priority 
        in providing repayment benefits under this section in any 
        fiscal year to a borrower who--
                    ``(A) received repayment benefits under this 
                section during the preceding fiscal year; and
                    ``(B) has completed less than 3 years of the first 
                required period of service specified for the borrower 
                in an agreement entered into under subsection (d).
    ``(g) Regulations.--The Attorney General is authorized to issue 
such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of 
this section.
    ``(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2008 
and such sums as may be necessary for each succeeding fiscal year.''.
answer:
John R. Justice Prosecutors and Defenders Incentive Act of 2007- Amends the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 to direct the Attorney General to assume the obligation to repay student loans for borrowers who agree to remain employed, for at least three years, as: (1) state or local criminal prosecutors; or (2) state, local, or federal public defenders in criminal cases. Allows a borrower and the Attorney General to enter into an additional loan repayment agreement, after the required three-year period, for a successive period of service which may be less than three years. Limits the amount paid under such program on behalf of any borrower to $10,000 per calendar year and $60,000 total.


question:
SECTION 1. CONSENT OF CONGRESS TO THE HISTORIC CHATTAHOOCHEE COMPACT 
              BETWEEN THE STATES OF ALABAMA AND GEORGIA.

    The consent of Congress is given to the amendment of articles I, 
II, and III of the Historic Chattahoochee Compact between the States of 
Alabama and Georgia, which articles, as amended, read as follows:


                               ``ARTICLE I

    ``The purpose of this compact is to promote the cooperative 
development of the Chattahoochee valley's full potential for historic 
preservation and tourism and to establish a joint interstate authority 
to assist in these efforts.


                               ``ARTICLE II

    ``This compact shall become effective immediately as to the States 
ratifying it whenever the States of Alabama and Georgia have ratified 
it and Congress has given consent thereto.


                              ``ARTICLE III

    ``The States which are parties to this compact (hereinafter 
referred to as `party States') do hereby establish and create a joint 
agency which shall be known as the Historic Chattahoochee Commission 
(hereinafter referred to as the `Commission'). The Commission shall 
consist of 28 members who shall be bona fide residents and qualified 
voters of the party States and counties served by the Commission. 
Election for vacant seats shall be by majority vote of the voting 
members of the Commission board at a regularly scheduled meeting. In 
Alabama, two shall be residents of Barbour County, two shall be 
residents of Russell County, two shall be residents of Henry County, 
two shall be residents of Chambers County, two shall be residents of 
Lee County, two shall be residents of Houston County, and two shall be 
residents of Dale County. In Georgia, one shall be a resident of Troup 
County, one shall be a resident of Harris County, one shall be a 
resident of Muscogee County, one shall be a resident of Chattahoochee 
County, one shall be a resident of Stewart County, one shall be a 
resident of Randolph County, one shall be a resident of Clay County, 
one shall be a resident of Quitman County, one shall be a resident of 
Early County, one shall be a resident of Seminole County, and one shall 
be a resident of Decatur County. In addition, there shall be three at-
large members who shall be selected from any three of the Georgia 
member counties listed above. The Commission at its discretion may 
appoint as many advisory members as it deems necessary from any Georgia 
or Alabama County which is located in the Chattahoochee Valley area. 
The contribution of each party State shall be in equal amounts. If the 
party States fail to appropriate equal amounts to the Commission during 
any given fiscal year, voting membership on the Commission board shall 
be determined as follows: The State making the larger appropriation 
shall be entitled to full voting membership. The total number of 
members from the other State shall be divided into the amount of the 
larger appropriation and the resulting quotient shall be divided into 
the amount of the smaller appropriation. The then resulting quotient, 
rounded to the next lowest whole number, shall be the number of voting 
members from the State making the smaller contribution. The members of 
the Commission from the State making the larger contribution shall 
decide which of the members from the other State shall serve as voting 
members, based upon the level of tourism, preservation, promotional 
activity, and general support of the Commission's activities by and in 
the county of residence of each of the members of the State making the 
smaller appropriation. Such determination shall be made at the next 
meeting of the Commission following September 30 of each year. Members 
of the Commission shall serve for terms of office as follows: Of the 14 
Alabama members, one from each of said counties shall serve for two 
years and the remaining member of each county shall serve for four 
years. Upon the expiration of the original terms of office of Alabama 
members, all successor Alabama members shall be appointed for four-year 
terms of office, with seven vacancies in the Alabama membership 
occurring every two years. Of the 14 Georgia members, seven shall serve 
four-year terms and seven two-year terms for the initial term of this 
compact. The terms of the individual Georgia voting members shall be 
determined by their place in the alphabet by alternating the four- and 
two-year terms beginning with Chattahoochee County, four years, Clay 
County, two years, Decatur County, four years, etc. Upon the expiration 
of the original terms of office of Georgia members, all successor 
Georgia members shall be appointed for four-year terms of office, with 
seven vacancies in the Georgia membership occurring every two years. Of 
the three Georgia at-large board members, one shall serve a four-year 
term and two shall serve two-year terms.
    ``All board members shall serve until their successors are 
appointed and qualified. Vacancies shall be filled by the voting 
members of the Commission. The first chairman of the commission created 
by this compact shall be elected by the board of directors from among 
its voting membership. Annually thereafter, each succeeding chairman 
shall be selected by the members of the Commission. The chairmanship 
shall rotate each year among the party States in order of their 
acceptance of this compact. Members of the Commission shall serve 
without compensation but shall be entitled to reimbursement for actual 
expenses incurred in the performance of the duties of the 
Commission.''.

                               Speaker of the House of Representatives.

                            Vice President of the United States and    
                                               President of the Senate.
answer:

Grants the consent of the Congress to the amendment to articles I, II, and III of the Historic Chattahoochee Compact between Alabama and Georgia which:  (1) provide that the purpose of the Compact is to promote the cooperative development of the Chattahoochee valley's full potential for historic preservation and tourism; (2) make such Compact effective immediately as to the States ratifying it whenever Alabama and Georgia have ratified it and the Congress has given its consent; and (3) permit the two States to establish a joint agency to be known as the Historic Chattahoochee Commission.