Given a document, generate a short title of the document. The title should convey the main idea/event/topic about which the document is being written. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].

Ex Input:
No way around it - 2017 was a great year to own stocks. The S&P 500 index had risen almost 20 percent over the year. And the Dow Jones Industrial Average is up 25 percent over the same period  buoying portfolios  dividends and retirement accounts. And it's a similar story around the world on financial markets in Japan  Hong Kong and the United Kingdom. All this happened despite a wave of political turmoil in the U.S. and around the globe. To find out why 2017 was such a bull year  we're joined now by  NPR senior business editor Uri Berliner . Hi  Uri.
 URI BERLINER   BYLINE: Hey  Ray.
 BERLINER : Well  you know  despite all this tension and political volatility and geopolitical uncertainty  it actually was a good year for the global economy and remarkably kind of a stable one. Corporate earnings were very strong. Inflation is in check. Sort of the sense that the financial crisis of 2008 is really behind us now. I think economies around the world felt that more confidently. And every single country  every major developed country grew last year which is a remarkable thing. It just doesn't happen that often.
 BERLINER : Well  really  you know  since the end of the financial crisis  the stock market in the U.S. has just been on a roll. It's had a number of really good years. In 2009  the S&P 500 was up more than 26 percent. In 2013  it was up more than 32 percent. So stocks have had a lot of good years but this was especially notable  this one.
 BERLINER : Well  I think a lot of this just has to do with corporate earnings. I mean  markets look at corporate earnings very closely. This is really their bread and butter. And  you know  companies throughout the U.S. - technology companies  all kinds of companies - posted really stellar earnings. And there was strong earnings growth overseas as well. So  you know  I think this market has just looked at a - an unusually stable year economically despite  and in spite of all craziness  all the turmoil  all the threatening situations around - the world the volatility and the fear in the economy just wasn't there.
 BERLINER : Right  exactly. As you said  you know  half of Americans own stocks. And for them  it was a very good year. And to some extent  if those people feel wealthier  they may spend more. That's called a wealth effect. That may boost the economy a little bit. But those people who don't own stocks  they don't benefit directly in any way from this big year in the stock market. And even those who do own stock  they're really concentrated mostly among people who are wealthy - six-figure earners  seven-figure earners. Those are the people who own most of the stock in the U.S.  and even those who own some  many of them don't own that much.
SUAREZ: That's  NPR's Uri Berliner . Thanks a lot  Uri.
 BERLINER : You're welcome  Ray.

Ex Output:
Global Markets Remain Immune To A Year Of Political Volatility : NPR


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Barbados was relatively unaffected by the storms and has been receiving cruise ships since shortly after  Irma  passed to the north.
St. Thomas was devastated by  Irma  and is closed to cruise ships for now. But officials on Tuesday said they were hoping a massive recovery effort currently underway would have the destination ready for vessels to return by late October. Royal Caribbean already has canceled all of its visits to St. Thomas through late October and replaced them with calls at such islands as St. Kitts and Bonaire  and at Labadee  the line's private beach getaway in Haiti. Two other lines  Norwegian and Celebrity  have canceled St. Thomas stops even further out  into November and beyond. Norwegian is replacing St. Thomas visits through the end of the year with calls in the Western Caribbean; Celebrity is shifting its ships to places like St. Kitts.
Martinique experienced some flooding and power outages last week in the wake of  Maria   but its port has reopened. Tours and tourist sites are expected to be up and running this week. No cruise ships are scheduled to call in Martinique until the middle of October.
St. Croix was relatively unaffected by  Irma  but early reports are that the island suffered significant damage from Maria  which passed by on Sept. 19. Damage assessments are underway. St. Croix isn't normally visited by cruise ships at this time of year. Before  Irma   the next scheduled cruise call for the island wasn't set to take place until Nov. 5  when a Celebrity Cruises ship was due to arrive. But in the wake of  Irma   several lines had been planning on using St. Croix as a substitute port for nearby St. Thomas and St. Maarten  which were heavily damaged by the storm.
St. Barts was hit hard by  Irma  and is in no shape to receive cruise ship visitors for now. But there are no ships scheduled to call at the island until late October. There's been no official word as to whether the overseas collectivity of France will be ready for cruise tourists by then.
Dominica was hit hard by  Maria  late on Sept. 18 through the morning of Sept. 19  with the island's prime minister saying there was "mind-boggling" damage  and it's not expected to reopen to cruise ships for some time. The good news for cruise operators: No ships are scheduled to call at the island until late October.
Samana was relatively unaffected by Irma and  Maria . On Friday  the Dominican Republic's Ministry of Tourism issued a communique that said the port and all others around the country were back open and operating normally. Even if the port area had suffered damage from the storm  it would have had little impact on cruise schedules as there are no ships set to visit Samana until November.
The port of San Juan bounced back quickly after  Irma  passed nearby  but it may take longer to resume its place as a major cruise destination in the wake of Maria. The storm made landfall on Puerto Rico on Sept. 20 as a powerful Category 4 hurricane — the first hurricane of that strength or higher to directly hit the island in 85 years — and reports are of significant damage in many locations. Both of the major lines that operate cruises out of San Juan  Royal Caribbean and Carnival  have canceled this week's sailings out of the city. Carnival also has canceled trips out of San Juan scheduled to start on Oct. 1 and Oct. 8. In addition  three Florida-based ships that were scheduled to visit San Juan this week have been re-routed to other ports.
Carnival said late Friday that its terminal in San Juan sustained extensive damage from  Maria  that will takes weeks to repair.
Santo Domingo was relatively unaffected by Irma and  Maria . On Friday  the Dominican Republic's Ministry of Tourism issued a communique that said the port and all others around the country were back open and operating normally.
Antigua suffered a glancing blow from  Hurricane Irma  which passed to the north along a path that devastated sister island Barbuda . Antigua still is on cruise schedules for the fall  with the next scheduled ship visit set for Oct. 3 — a call by Celebrity Cruises' Celebrity Equinox. The Equinox call originally was set for Sept. 30 but was pushed back as part of a larger shuffling of the ship's schedule due to the closures of St. Thomas  St. Maarten and Tortola.
The British Virgin Islands were hard hit by  Irma  and could be closed to cruise ships for many weeks if not months. Norwegian Cruise Line already has canceled all of its stops at Tortola through the end of the year  replacing them with calls in the Western Caribbean.

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Hurricane recovery: Which Caribbean cruise ports are open closed


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RIO DE JANEIRO â High on a hill in South Americaâs largest slum   Samantha Almeida  startled at the latest volley of gunfire. It was close. Too close.  She  knew  she  had to get  her  girls moving.
Suddenly the bullets were buzzing just above the roof. The family members had started sleeping in one room because they felt safer together  and Samantha  a 33-year old who sold coffee in a park  had drilled  her  girls on an escape plan. When  she  gave the sign  they would move fast  keeping low  to a windowless  bunkerlike terrace.
Another shot rang out  and Samantha rose  telling the girls to follow   she  later recalled. Eight-year-old Natasha moved quickly. But Nicolly  her painfully shy 16-year-old  was still struggling to her feet when they heard the window crack.
âMama â  the girl  said before slumping. âIâve been shot.â

Ex Output:

Violence consumes Rio de Janeiroâs biggest favela once a symbol of rising fortunes in Brazil