TASK DEFINITION: You are given a science question (easy-level) and four answer options (associated with "A", "B", "C", "D"). Your task is to find the correct answer based on scientific facts, knowledge, and reasoning. Do not generate anything else apart from one of the following characters: 'A', 'B, 'C', 'D'. There is only one correct answer for each question.
PROBLEM: In humans, B is the allele for brown eyes and b is the allele for blue eyes. Two brothers both have brown eyes, but one of them has both the B and b alleles while the other only has B alleles. Which statement is true about the brothers?  
 (A) They have the same genotype and phenotype. (B) They have different phenotypes and genotypes. (C) They have the same phenotype but different genotypes. (D) They have the same genotype but different phenotypes.

SOLUTION: C

PROBLEM: Helen is preparing a presentation about objects in the solar system. She includes facts about the order of the planets and their distances from the Sun. Which statement could she include in an accurate presentation?  
 (A) Mars is closer to the Sun than Earth. (B) Neptune is one light-year from the Sun. (C) Jupiter is farther from the Sun than Uranus. (D) Earth is one astronomical unit from the Sun.

SOLUTION: D

PROBLEM: Excess nitrogen fertilizers sometimes drain into waterways that flow into the Chesapeake Bay. This nitrogen may cause algae blooms, which reduce dissolved oxygen in the water. How does nitrogen negatively affect the Chesapeake Bay?  
 (A) fish births increase (B) fish populations decrease (C) sediment on the bottom of the bay decreases (D) the rate of water runoff into the bay increases

SOLUTION:
B