Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Example Input: Accurate dosimetry was shown to be critical to achieve effective photodynamic therapy (PDT). This study aimed to assess the reliability of in vivo protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence photobleaching as a predictive tool of the hexaminolevulinate PDT (HAL-PDT) response in a rat model of advanced ovarian cancer.', 'Intraperitoneal 10(6) NuTu 19 cells were injected in 26 female rats Fisher 344. Peritoneal carcinomatosis was obtained 26 days post-tumor induction. Four hours post-intraperitoneal HAL (Photocure ASA, Oslo, Norway) injection, a laparoscopic procedure (D-light AutoFluorescence system, Karl Storz endoscope, Tuttlingen, Germany) and a fluorescence examination were made for 22 rats. The first group (LASER group, n=26) was illuminated with laser light using a 532 nm KTP laser (Laser Quantum, Stockport, UK) on 1 cm(2) surface at 45 J/cm(2). The second group (NO LASER group, n=26) served as controls. Biopsies were taken 24 hours after PDT. Semi-quantitative histology was performed and necrosis value was determined: 0--no necrosis to 4--full necrosis. Fluorescence was monitored before and after illumination on complete responders (NV=3-4; n=20) and non-responders (NV=0-2; n=6).', 'High PpIX photobleaching corresponded with complete responders whereas low photobleaching corresponded with non-responders (P<0.05). A direct linear correlation was shown between photobleaching and necrosis (R(2)=0.89).
Example Output: 1

Example Input: To investigate the potential of specific angiotensin II subtype 1 (AT1) receptor blockade to modify the mesenteric hemodynamic response to acute hypovolemia and retransfusion.', 'Prospective, randomized, controlled experimental study.', 'University-affiliated animal research laboratory.', 'Fasted, anesthetized, ventilated, juvenile domestic pigs of both sexes.', 'Acute, graded hypovolemia by 20% and 40% of the total estimated blood volume followed by retransfusion in control animals (CTRL; n = 10) and animals pretreated with the AT1 receptor blocker candesartan (CAND; n = 10).', 'Invasive monitoring of arterial and central venous blood pressures, cardiac output, portal venous blood flow, and jejunal mucosal blood flow. Blood gases were repeatedly analyzed to calculate oxygen delivery and consumption. Thirty minutes after each level of hypovolemia at 20% and 40%, cardiac output was decreased in CTRL animals from a baseline of 2.9 +/- 0.1 to 1.8 +/- 0.2 and 1.1 +/- 0.2 L/min, with no differences compared with CAND animals. Cardiac output was restored to 3.0 +/- 0.3 L/min 30 mins after retransfusion in CTRL animals, with no significant intergroup differences. Baseline portal venous blood flow (Q(MES)) and jejunal mucosal perfusion (PU(JEJ)) were greater in CAND animals compared with CTRL animals. During graded hypovolemia, CAND animals maintained Q(MES) and PU(JEJ) at significantly higher levels compared with CTRL animals, particularly after 40% hemorrhage (+221% and + 244%, respectively, relative to the mean values in CTRL animals). The same pattern was observed after retransfusion. Moreover, the calculated mesenteric critical oxygen delivery was significantly greater in CTRL animals (74 mL/min) compared with CAND animals (34 mL/min). No animals died in the CAND group, whereas four animals died during 40% hypovolemia or retransfusion in the CTRL group.
Example Output: 1

Example Input: To evaluate whether genotypes of interleukin (IL)-6 gene promoter positions -174 and -572 are associated with histologic chorioamnionitis and neonatal inflammatory disease in preterm infants.', 'DNA from very low birth weight or very preterm infants (n = 107) was genotyped for IL-6-174 and -572 polymorphisms (GG/GC/CC). The placentas were analyzed for histological inflammatory findings. Data on neonatal inflammatory diseases, including chronic lung disease (CLD), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and septicemia, were collected using the definitions of the Vermont Oxford Network database.', 'In univariate analyses, the IL-6-174 GG genotype was associated with a higher incidence of histologic chorioamnionitis. In multivariate analyses, the -174 GG and -572 GC genotypes were correlated with histologic chorioamnionitis (P = .039 and .009, respectively). Gestational age was not associated with genotype polymorphisms. IL-6-174 genotypes were not associated with CLD and/or NEC, but the CC genotype was correlated with septicemia in both univariate and multivariate analyses (P = .027). IL-6-572 genotypes were not associated with neonatal inflammatory disease.
Example Output:
1