Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Ex Input:
Context: To study the gastroprotective effect and in vivo antioxidant potential of a standardized iridoid fraction from B. prionitis leaves (BPE) against different gastric ulcer models in rats.', 'The standardized iridoid fraction from BPE at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight was administered orally, twice daily for 5 days for prevention from aspirin, ethanol, cold-restraint stress (CRS), and pylorus ligation (PL)-induced ulcers. Estimation of the antioxidant enzyme activity was carried out in a CRS-induced ulcer model, and various gastric secretion parameters including volume of gastric juice, acid output, and pH value were estimated in the PL-induced ulcer model.', 'BPE showed a dose-dependent ulcer protective effect in PL (18.67%-66.26% protection), aspirin (24.65%-63.25% protection), CRS (20.77%-59.42% protection), and EtOH (16.93%-77.04% protection)-induced ulcers. BPE treatment in PL-rats showed a decrease in acid-pepsin secretion, and enhanced mucin and mucosal glycoproteins. However, BPE reduced the ulcer index with significant decrease in LPO (P < 0.01-0.001), SOD (P < 0.01-0.001), and an increase in CAT (P < 0.01-0.001), activity in the CRS-induced model.
Answer: The data shows that the iridoid fraction from BPE possesses anti-ulcerogenic and antioxidant potential.

Ex Output:
Does gastroprotective effect of the iridoid fraction from Barleria prionitis leave on experimentally-induced gastric ulceration?


Ex Input:
Context: Lung adenocarcinomas are a heterogeneous set of diseases with distinct genetic and histologic characteristics. Besides the discovery of oncogenic mutations and introduction of the histologic classifications (2011 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society and 2015 WHO), increasing evidence has linked this intertumor heterogeneity\xa0to the lung lineage-specific pathways and lineage genes. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the gene expression of identified lung lineage genes to study their role in distinguishing lung adenocarcinoma diversities.', 'A total of 278 surgically resected lung adenocarcinomas were included. Each case was evaluated for genetic mutations and histologic classification. Lineage genes associated with respiratory tract differentiation (NK2 homeobox 1 gene [NKX2-1], GATA protein binding 6 gene [GATA6], foxhead box J1 gene [FOXJ1], and SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor gene [SPDEF]) and stem/basal-like status (inhibitor of DNA binding 2, HLH protein gene [ID2], POU class 5 homeobox 1 gene [POU5F1], SRY-box 2 gene [SOX2], and v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog gene [MYC]) were selected. mRNA expression of these genes in each tumor sample was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and normalized to paired normal lung tissue.', 'Distinct lineage gene expressions were found on the basis of genetic and histologic diversities. Expression of NKX2-1, GATA6, FOXJ1, and POU5F1 exhibited a significant linear relationship across histologic subgroups that was independent of genetic mutation status. Expression levels of NKX2-1 and POU5F1 were also associated with EGFR mutation status, independent of histologic subtypes. Further analysis revealed that the overexpression of SPDEF defined longer relapse-free survivals, especially in stage I disease.
Answer: For the first time, we showed the unique lineage backgrounds of different histologic subtypes and oncogenic mutations. Assessing this added parameter might be beneficial in discriminating intertumor heterogeneity, advancing target exploration, developing theranostic/prognostic biomarkers, and designing clinical trials.

Ex Output:
Do the Histologic Classifications of Lung Adenocarcinomas Are Discriminable by Unique Lineage Backgrounds?


Ex Input:
Context: Cognitive inhibition processes were found to be deficient early in the clinical course of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The inhibition of redundant information is a precondition for efficient cognitive processing and presumably modulated by prefrontal attentional networks. Deficits in the suppression of the evoked potential P50 response to paired clicks are well known in schizophrenic patients and undergo cholinergic modulation. In this study, we aimed to investigate inhibitory gating deficits of P50 in AD and their relation to neuropsychological measures.", 'P50 suppression was assessed in 19 AD-patients in comparison to a young and elderly control group (n=17 each) and related to MMSE and specific neuropsychological assessments.', 'Patients showed reduced sensory gating compared to healthy elderly (p<0.021) and exhibited significantly higher N40-P50-amplitudes. There were no age or gender effects in controls. Frontal neuropsychological tests (TMT-B, verbal fluency) and working memory requiring inhibition, but not declarative memory functions, were significantly correlated with inhibitory gating and test amplitude in both, AD-patients and controls.
Answer: The results support an early inhibitory deficit interfering with executive functions and working memory in AD independent from physiological aging. P50 gating might be applicable as a marker for inhibition deficits and thereby be important for prognosis estimation.

Ex Output:

Does p50 gating deficit in Alzheimer dementia correlate to frontal neuropsychological function?