Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[Q]: Context: Ametop gel (4% amethocaine) is a relatively new topical anesthetic that produces anesthesia within 30 to 45 minutes and therefore may be appropriate for use in busy outpatient settings. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of 4% amethocaine in reducing the pain of subcutaneous measles-mumps-rubella vaccination in 1-year-old infants.', 'A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in pediatric outpatient clinics.', 'A total of 120 infants participated in the study; 60 were followed up for assessment of antibody titers after 1 month. Either 1 g of amethocaine or placebo was applied for 30 minutes before vaccination. The Modified Behavioral Pain Scale was used to assess pain; the mean (standard deviation) pain scores for the amethocaine group (n = 61) was 1.5 (1.6) versus 2.3 (2.2) for the placebo group (n = 59). The rate of vaccination success (88% and 87%) was not different between treatment groups.
Answer: 4% Amethocaine significantly reduces the pain of measles-mumps-rubella vaccination in infants when compared with placebo and does not seem to interfere with subsequent development of protective antibody levels. Because of its relatively short application time (30 minutes), 4% amethocaine may be suitable for busy clinics and emergency departments.
[A]: Does topical 4 % amethocaine gel reduce the pain of subcutaneous measles-mumps-rubella vaccination?


[Q]: Context: Progenitor cells isolated from cardiac explant-derived cells improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI). To fully realize the therapeutic potential of these cells, it is essential to develop a safe and efficient delivery method. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of our newly developed approach to retrograde coronary vein (RCV) infusion of cardiac c-Kit(+) cells in a small-animal model of congestive heart failure (CHF).', 'Sprague-Dawley rats underwent experimental MI. After 21 days, cardiac explant-derived c-Kit(+) cells were delivered to both sham and CHF animals using RCV delivery. Vehicle-treated (serum-free medium) sham and CHF animals were used as controls. Cardiac function and heart tissues were evaluated 21 days post-transplantation.', 'RCV-delivered cells were retained in infarcted hearts for at least 21 days after transplantation. At 21 days post-RCV infusion, the majority of transplanted c-Kit(+)/GFP(+) cells were localized in the left ventricle. Compared with vehicle-treated CHF animals, RCV-treated rats showed a significant improvement in cardiac function. Furthermore, RCV-treated rats exhibited an increase in capillary density, a decrease in total heart collagen, and a reduction in both infarct size and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy when compared with vehicle-treated CHF rats.
Answer: Our study showed that the RCV infusion approach is an efficient technique for targeted cell delivery to the infarcted myocardium. Cardiac c-Kit(+) cells, delivered using RCV infusion ameliorated progression of heart failure, improved cardiac function and retarded myocardial remodeling in heart failure rats.
[A]: Does retrograde coronary vein infusion of cardiac explant-derived c-Kit+ cells improves function in ischemic heart failure?


[Q]: Context: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronically relapsing, pruritic, eczematous skin disorder accompanying allergic inflammation. AD is triggered by oxidative stress and immune imbalance. The effect of oral arjunolic acid (AA) on 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis in mice was investigated.', 'Repeated epicutaneous application of DNCB to the ear and shaved dorsal skin of mice was performed to induce AD-like symptoms and skin lesions: 250mg/kg AA was given orally for three weeks to assess its anti-pruritic effects. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-10, immunoglobulin (Ig)E and caspase-3 were assessed by ELISA.', 'We found that AA alleviated DNCB-induced AD-like symptoms as quantified by skin lesions, dermatitis score, ear thickness and scratching behavior. Levels of reactive oxygen species in the AA group were significantly inhibited compared with those in the DNCB group. In parallel, AA blocked a DNCB-induced reduction in serum levels of IL-4 and IL-10 associated with an attenuation of DNCB-induced increases in serum TNF-α, IL-6, IgE and caspase-3.
Answer: The results indicate that AA suppresses DNCB-induced AD in mice via redox balance and immune modulation, and could be a safe clinical treatment for AD.
[A]:
Does arjunolic acid protect against DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis-like symptoms in mice by restoring a normal cytokine balance?