In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question separated with a 
. You have to answer the question based on the context.

[Q]: We explored different normalization techniques. FBanks with cepstral mean normalization (CMN) perform better than raw FBanks. We found using variance with mean normalization (CMVN) unnecessary for the task. Using deltas and delta-deltas improves model, so we used them in other experiments. Models trained with spectrogram features converge slower and to worse minimum, but the difference when using CMN is not very big compared to FBanks. 
 Question: What normalization techniques are mentioned?
[A]: FBanks with cepstral mean normalization (CMN) variance with mean normalization (CMVN)


[Q]: Because our approach is specifically intended to yield sentences that are grammatical, we additionally consider the following log ratio (i.e., the grammatical phrase over the ungrammatical phrase): 
 Question: How do they measure grammaticality?
[A]: by calculating log ratio of grammatical phrase over ungrammatical phrase


[Q]: Although techniques for constructing this knowledge base are outside the scope of this paper, we briefly mention them. Tables were constructed using a mixture of manual and semi-automatic techniques 
 Question: How is the semi-structured knowledge base created?
[A]:
using a mixture of manual and semi-automatic techniques