In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision.  Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.

Ex Input:
at the La Vega site. The fact that the Esso station at La Vega ceased its operations in 1998 does not change the prospective nature of plaintiffs’ suit at the time it was brought. Moreover, in PauÉuxet the Court stated that it did not agree “with the reasoning which, apparently, led the Louisiana district court, following the Hamker decision, to dismiss a number of actions simply because no violations occurred on the dates the complaints were filed. A plaintiff who makes allegations warranting injunctive relief in good faith, judged objectively, may recover a penalty judgment for past violations even if the injunction proves unattainable.” Pawtuxet, 807 F.2d at 1094 (citing .1992); Umatilla Waterquality Protective Ass’n v. Smith Frozen Foods, Inc., 962 F.Supp. 1312, 1322 (D.Or.1997) (<HOLDING>). Accordingly, the court concludes as 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that wetlands adjacent to navigable waters are included in the term territorial waters (B) holding that a worker injured on actual navigable waters in the course of employment is covered under the lhwca (C) holding that the land under navigable waters was not granted by the constitution to the united states but was reserved to the states respectively and that new states have the same rights jurisdiction and sovereignty over the soil under navigable water as the original states (D) holding a discharge of pollutants is ongoing if the pollutants continue to reach navigable waters even if the discharger is no longer adding pollutants to the point source itself (E) holding that to achieve goals of cwa epa is required to establish and enforce technologybased limitations on individual discharges into the countrys navigable waters from point sources

Ex Output:
(D)


Ex Input:
)4 mile away. Fifth, also at this time, a vehicle registered to Nelson pulled in and parked next to Miller’s car. Sixth, the note at the boat ramp informed Kaplan that he was being watched. Seventh, Miller and Nelson both left the lake at the same time Kaplan left. Eighth, Nelson arrived at the same McDonald’s immediately after Kaplan arrived. Ninth, a passenger from Nelson’s car approached Kaplan’s vehicle and peered into Kaplan’s vehicle from a distance of 10 feet away. Tenth, Nelson drove home from the McDonald’s using what would normally be described as counter-surveillance techniques. Finally, Miller changed his story as to why he was at the lake that day at that time. See Iannelli v. United States, 420 U.S. 770, 777 n. 10, 95 S.Ct. 1284, 1289-90, 43 L.Ed.2d 616 (1975) (<HOLDING>); United States v. Penagos, 823 F.2d 346, 348 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that an agreement may be inferred entirely from circumstantial evidence (B) holding that the conspiratorial agreement may be proved by circumstantial evidence including the acts and conduct of the coconspirators and the inferences that may be drawn from their acts (C) holding that intent and knowledge can be proved by circumstantial evidence (D) recognizing that identity of a substance as cocaine may be proved by circumstantial evidence (E) holding that there was no evidence or inferences to be drawn from the evidence to support the damage award

Ex Output:
(B)


Ex Input:
would materialize only if Opus West had sufficient general assets to pay such compensation.” As any payout from the benefit plans would only have occurred if Opus West continued to remain solvent, they assert, that contingency defeats any allegation that plaintiffs suffered a “concrete financial loss.” Examining whether plaintiffs suffered “concrete financial injury” begins with the principle enunciated in Diaz that RICO standing must be based on “a harm to a specific business or property interest.” 420 F.3d at 900. By agreeing to receive deferred compensation through Opus West’s top hat plans, plaintiffs made their right to receive the compensation dependent on the company’s ongoing success. The parties agree that the top hat plans provi osp., Inc., 441 B.R. 120, 130 (9th Cir.BAP2010) (<HOLDING>). As a consequence, courts in other contexts 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that funds deposited with ing were property of the bankruptcy estate because the ing account was held in the debtor hospitals name and the plan documents plainly provided that compensation deferred under the plan would remain part of the hospitals unrestricted assets and would not be held in trust the plan was unfunded and the hospitals obligations were purely contractual in nature the participation agreement that the doctor executed similarly acknowledged that any contributions to the ing account remained the sole property of the company based on these undisputed facts the bankruptcy court correctly determined that the doctor held no interest in the ing account funds (B) holding that funds held in escrow are property of the estate only to the extent of the debtors independent right to that property (C) holding that workers compensation awards remained property of the estate despite confirmation of the debtors plans where the confirmation orders specifically provided that property of the estate did not vest in the debtor until the completion of the plan (D) holding that executives participating in an unfunded top hat plan had no ownership interest in the  funds that could be forfeited the funds remain part of the general assets of the corporation subject to the claims of its general creditors (E) holding that a payment is under the plan when the debt is provided for in the plan

Ex Output:

(A)