In this task, you are given a set of context paragraphs, some supporting facts and an answer of a question. Your task is to generate question for given answer based on set of context paragraphs, supporting facts and an answer.

[Q]: Context_1 : The Element of Crime is a 1984 Danish neo-noir crime art film co-written and directed by Lars von Trier. It is the first feature film directed by Trier and the first installment of the director's Europa trilogy – comprising "Epidemic" (1987) and "Europa" (1991). Context_2 : Goldene Zeiten is a German film released in 2006. It is the last film in director trilogy of films set in his hometown Unna, and was preceded by "Bang Boom Bang" (1999) and "Was nicht passt wird passend gemacht" (2006). It did not meet the box office expectations with less than 100,000 viewers in German cinemas ("Bang Boom Bang" attracted 460,000, "Was nicht passt wird passend gemacht" 670,000). The film was released on DVD on October 26, 2006, both as a Single DVD and Double DVD Special Edition. Context_3 : The "Star Wars" films include two complete trilogies: the original trilogy released between 1977 and 1983, and the prequel trilogy released between 1999 and 2005. A third trilogy that follows the first two began in 2015. Other films have taken or will take place between the trilogy films. There have also been several "Star Wars" television series and films, with the first being released in 1978. Context_4 : Epidemic is a Danish horror film of 1987 directed by Lars von Trier, the second installment of Trier's Europa trilogy. The other two films in the trilogy are "The Element of Crime" (1984) and "Europa" (1991). Context_5 : The Wonderful Lies of Nina Petrovna (German: Die wunderbare Lüge der Nina Petrowna) is a 1929 German silent drama film directed by Hanns Schwarz and starring Brigitte Helm, Francis Lederer and Warwick Ward. It was the last big-budget silent film released by the leading German studio Universum Film AG before the transition to sound began with "Melody of the Heart". The film premiered on 15 April 1929 at the Ufa-Palast am Zoo in Berlin. It was amongst the most popular films released in Germany that year. Context_6 : Love Marriage is a South Indian Tamil film released in 2001 directed by K. Subash making it his last directorial in Tamil films. A remake of the successful Telugu film "Swayamvaram", the film was produced by Vikram Krishna then known as Ajay, who also appeared in the lead role alongside Ranjana. The film released on 14 December 2001 to poor reviews from critics. Context_7 : Humko Deewana Kar Gaye (translation: "You Made Me Crazy") is a 2006 Indian Hindi romantic drama film directed by Raj Kanwar, produced by Raj Kanwar, Bhushan Kumar & Krishan Kumar and starring Akshay Kumar and Katrina Kaif, Bipasha Basu, Anil Kapoor and Manoj Joshi also star in the movie in supporting roles. The film is inspired by British romantic movie "Notting Hill". The film is produced by the Indian music company, T-Series and Inderjit Films Combine. The movie's score and soundtrack is composed by Anu Malik with lyrics by Sameer. Himesh Reshammiya rendered a special song for the film which became extremely popular. The film released on 14 April 2006. The music of the film released on 2 February 2006. Context_8 : The "Europa" trilogy is a film trilogy written and directed by Lars von Trier, comprising his three feature films "The Element of Crime" (1984), "Epidemic" (1987) and "Europa" (1991). The films are not a narrative trilogy, but rather are linked by common themes and stylistic explorations. The overarching subject of the trilogy may be taken to be the social crises and traumas of Europe in the future. Each of the three films follows a character whose idealistic actions ultimately perpetuate the very problem he seeks to solve. Von Trier's later "USA - Land of Opportunities Trilogy" also deals with both apparent social collapse, and the ill-effects of the interventions of idealistic individuals. The trilogy also experiments with film noir conventions, and explores hypnosis and the relationship between reality and unreality. Context_9 : Europa (known as Zentropa in North America) is a 1991 Danish art drama film directed by Lars von Trier. It is von Trier's third theatrical feature film and the final film in his Europa trilogy following "The Element of Crime" (1984) and "Epidemic" (1987). Context_10 : Plaga Zombie is an Argentine comedy horror film series created by Pablo Parés, Berta Muñiz, and Hernán Sáez. The films follow three misfit heroes who uncover an alien-government conspiracy after a zombie outbreak occurs in their hometown. Plaga Zombie was the first-ever zombie horror film released in Argentina and is the only zombie horror trilogy to be produced in Latin America. fact_1 :  It is von Trier's third theatrical feature film and the final film in his Europa trilogy following "The Element of Crime" (1984) and "Epidemic" (1987). fact_2 : The Element of Crime is a 1984 Danish neo-noir crime art film co-written and directed by Lars von Trier. Answer: 1984
[A]: Europa was part of a trilogy of films that began with a film released in what year?


[Q]: Context_1 : "Everything Has Changed" is a song written and performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift and English singer-songwriter Ed Sheeran, taken from Swift's fourth studio album, "Red" (2012). Produced by Butch Walker, the track was released as the sixth single from the album on July 16, 2013. "Everything Has Changed" is a guitar ballad combining folk and pop genres about "wanting to get to know a new lover better". Context_2 : "Our Song" is a country song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was written by Swift and produced by Nathan Chapman. It was released on September 9, 2007 by Big Machine Records as the third single from Swift's eponymous debut album, "Taylor Swift" (2006). Swift solely composed "Our Song" for the talent show of her freshman year in high school, about a boyfriend who she did not have a song with. It was included on "Taylor Swift" as she recalled its popularity with her classmates. The uptempo track is musically driven mainly by banjo and lyrically describes a young couple who use the events in their lives in place of a regular song. Context_3 : Kerry Alan Marx is an American guitarist and studio musician, best known for his work with the Grand Ole Opry where he has been staff guitarist since 2000. He has played with many notable musicians including Johnny Cash, Taylor Swift, John Legend, James Taylor, and Steven Tyler. He was guitarist for the CD "Songs From The Neighborhood," which received a Grammy award, the album Many Moods of Moses which received a Grammy nomination, and for the 2 time multi-platinum self-titled album by musical group Blackhawk. He was also a member of The Johnny Cash Show band. Context_4 : Jake Sinclair (born March 7, 1985) is an American record producer, audio engineer, mixing engineer, multi-instrumentalist, vocalist, and songwriter. His production, engineering, songwriting, and mixing credits include Weezer, Fall Out Boy, Panic! at the Disco, 5 Seconds of Summer, Pink, New Politics, Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness, Gin Wigmore, and Train. Sinclair co-wrote and produced Panic! at the Disco's "Death of a Bachelor" album (which debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200) and produced Weezer's 2016 "Weezer (White Album)". Both were nominated for Best Rock Album at the 59th Annual Grammy Awards. He co-wrote and produced "Uma Thurman" by Fall Out Boy, which debuted at number one on the U.S. iTunes Chart, reached number 22 on the Billboard Hot 100, and was certified 2X Platinum by the RIAA in December 2015. Sinclair received a Grammy nomination for Album of the Year for his work as engineer and bassist on Taylor Swift's "Everything Has Changed" alongside producer Butch Walker. He co-wrote and produced the debut single, "She Looks So Perfect" by 5 Seconds of Summer that peaked at number one in over five countries and won "Song of the Year" at the 2014 ARIA Awards. Sinclair is the former bassist of the indie/pop rock band The Films and the lead singer and producer of the indie pop duo Alohaha. Context_5 : Taylor Swift is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, released on October 24, 2006, by Big Machine Records. Swift was 16 years old at the time of the album's release and wrote its songs during her freshman year of high school. Swift has writing credits on all of the album's songs, including those co-written with Liz Rose. Swift experimented with several producers, ultimately choosing Nathan Chapman, who had produced her demo album. Musically, the album is country music styled, and lyrically it speaks of romantic relationships, a couple of which Swift wrote from observing relationships before being in one. Lyrics also touch on Swift's personal struggles in high school. Context_6 : Beautiful Eyes is the second extended play (EP) by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The EP was released on July 15, 2008 by Big Machine Records exclusively to Walmart stores in the United States and online. The limited release EP has a primarily country pop sound and features alternate versions of tracks from her debut album, "Taylor Swift" (2006), and two original tracks, "Beautiful Eyes" and "I Heart ?", songs which she had previously written; a DVD, featuring music videos of singles from "Taylor Swift", is also included on the physical release of the EP. Context_7 : "Picture to Burn" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. It was co-written by Swift and Liz Rose, and produced by Nathan Chapman. It was released on February 3, 2008 by Big Machine Records as the fourth single from Swift's eponymous studio album, "Taylor Swift" (2006). It was inspired by the narcissistic and cocky nature of her former high school classmate and ex-boyfriend Jordan Alford with whom Swift never established a formal relationship. In retrospect, Swift has stated that she has evolved on a personal level and as a songwriter, claiming she processed emotions differently since "Picture to Burn". The song was chosen as a single based on the audience's reaction to it in concert. Musically, the track is of the country rock genre with prominent usage of guitar, banjo, and drums. The lyrics concern setting fire to photographs of a former boyfriend. Context_8 : "Teardrops on My Guitar" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was co-written by Swift, alongside Liz Rose and produced by Nathan Chapman with Swift's aid. "Teardrops on My Guitar" was released on February 19, 2007 by Big Machine Records, as the second single from Swift's eponymous debut album (2006). The song was later included on the international release of Swift's second studio album, "Fearless" (2008), and released as the second pop single from the album in the United Kingdom. It was inspired by Swift's experience with Drew Hardwick, a classmate of hers for whom she had feelings. He was completely unaware and continually spoke about his girlfriend to Swift, something she pretended to be endeared by. Years afterwards, Hardwick appeared at Swift's house, but Swift rejected him. Musically, the track is soft and is primarily guided by a gentle acoustic guitar. Critics have queried the song's classification as country music, with those in agreement (such as Grady Smith of "Rolling Stone") citing the themes and narrative style as country-influenced and those opposed (such as Roger Holland of "PopMatters") indicating the pop music production and instrumentation lack traditional country elements. Context_9 : The Taylor Swift Holiday Collection, originally titled Sounds of the Season: The Taylor Swift Holiday Collection, is a Christmas EP by American singer Taylor Swift. The EP was first released on October 14, 2007 by Big Machine Records exclusively to Target stores in the United States and online. The release was originally a limited release for the 2007 holiday season, but was re-released to iTunes and Amazon.com on December 2, 2008 and again in October 2009 to Target stores. "The Taylor Swift Holiday Collection" features cover versions of Christmas songs and two original tracks written by Swift, "Christmases When You Were Mine" and "Christmas Must Be Something More", all of which have a country pop sound. Context_10 : Perú Negro is an Afro-Peruvian musical ensemble founded in 1969 to celebrate and preserve Peru's black culture and "música criolla". Ronaldo Campos de la Colina founded the Lima-based group with 12 family members. The group has been appointed by the government of Peru as the "Cultural Ambassadors of Black Peru." When Ronaldo Campos died in 2001, his son Rony Campos took over the direction of the troupe. Today, the group has over 30 members and a youth troupe, Peru Negrito. The group's album, Sangre de un Don led to the first ever U.S. tour in 2002. In 2005 the group was honored with two Grammy nominations for their second US album, Jolgorio. The first nomination came through the Latin Grammys’ traditional music category and the second for the Grammy’s World Music category and in 2008 the group received another Grammy nomination for their album Zamba Malato. In 2010, the group teamed up with famed Peruvian singer, Eva Ayllon to record the album 40 years of Afro Peruvian Classics. The collaboration led to a Latin Grammy Nomination for Best Folk Album. fact_1 :  Sinclair received a Grammy nomination for Album of the Year for his work as engineer and bassist on Taylor Swift's "Everything Has Changed" alongside producer Butch Walker. fact_2 : "Everything Has Changed" is a song written and performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift and English singer-songwriter Ed Sheeran, taken from Swift's fourth studio album, "Red" (2012). Answer: Red
[A]: Which Taylor Swift album included a track that earned its bassist a Grammy nomination?


[Q]: Context_1 : United States v. Motion Picture Patents Co. , 225 F. 800 (D.N.J. 1915), was a civil antitrust prosecution overlapping to some extent with the issues in the decision in the Supreme Court's "Motion Picture Patents" case. After the trial court found that the defendants violated §§ 1 and 2 of the Sherman Act by establishing control over "trade in films, cameras, projecting machines, and other accessories of the motion picture business," by their patent licensing practices and other conduct, they appealed to the Supreme Court. After the Supreme Court's 1917 decision in "Motion Picture Patents Co. v. Universal Film Mfg. Co.", however, the parties dismissed the appeal by stipulation (mutual agreement) in 1918' that decision had made the defendants' appeal futile. Context_2 : Lindsay Dee Lohan (born July 2, 1986) is an American actress and singer. Lohan began her career as a child fashion model when she was three, and was later featured on the soap opera "Another World" for a year when she was 10. At age 11, Lohan made her motion picture debut in Disney's commercially and critically successful 1998 remake of "The Parent Trap". Her next major motion picture, Disney's 2003 remake of "Freaky Friday", was also a critical and commercial success. With the release of "Mean Girls" (2004), another critical and commercial success, and Disney's "" (2005), another commercial success, Lohan became a teen idol sensation, a household name and a frequent focus of paparazzi and tabloids. However, Lohan's next starring role in the romantic comedy "Just My Luck" (2006), received poor reviews and was only a modest commercial success. Following "Just My Luck," Lohan focused on smaller, more mature roles in independent movies, receiving positive comments on her work, including "A Prairie Home Companion" (2006), "Bobby" (2006) and "Chapter 27" (2007). Context_3 : Donna Paige Helmintoller, better known as Paige O'Hara (born May 10, 1956), is an American actress, singer and painter. O'Hara began her career as a Broadway actress in 1983 when she portrayed Ellie May Chipley in the musical "Showboat". In 1991, she made her motion picture debut in Disney's "Beauty and the Beast", in which she voiced the film's heroine, Belle. Following the critical and commercial success of "Beauty and the Beast", O'Hara reprised her role as Belle in the film's two direct-to-video follow-ups, "" and "Belle's Magical World". Context_4 : Manfish is a 1956 adventure film, released by United Artists in 1956 and originally filmed in DeLuxe Color. Filmed in Jamaica, it was released in Great Britain as "Calypso". It was based on the stories "The Gold-Bug" and "The Tell-Tale Heart" by Edgar Allan Poe. Actor John Bromfield starred as Captain Brannigan and Lon Chaney Jr. played the role of Swede. The leading female star was Tessa Prendergast, who played Alita. Tessa later became a fashion designer and designed the white bikini of Ursula Andress for "Dr. No". The film also featured the motion picture debut of Barbara Nichols. Context_5 : Barbara Marie Nickerauer (December 10, 1928 – October 5, 1976), better known as Barbara Nichols, was an American actress who often played brassy or comic roles in films in the 1950s and 1960s. Context_6 : "Galgale Nighale" is one of the greatest Marathi motion picture discharged in 2008. It had everything required for any Marathi motion picture to be effective. To begin with it is a comic drama motion picture. Film featured the two greatest satire performing artists Bharat Jadhav and Siddharth Jadhav in Marathi silver screen. Them two are certain shot group puller. Bharat Jadhav's Character "Galgale" is lifted from a mainstream play "Sahi re Sahi" played by Bharat himself. This play and character Galgale is among the unsurpassed top in the fame graph. So there was substantially more interest in individuals in what manner will character Galgale will advance. At that point this is Kedar shinde's film, who had splendid past record. At that point Siddharth Jadhav is in negative part first time in his vocation. At that point the film is exhibited by Zee Talkies. This one is their third motion picture after "Sade Made Tin", and "De Dhakka". Like these two motion picture Zee talkies ensured "Galgale" will discharge in greatest theaters in Maharashtra, which is greatest errand for any Marathi producers. So this motion picture expected to have everything in it to be fruitful engaging film. Gori Gauri Mandavakhali is the superhit song from this film Galgale Nighale sung by Vaishali Samant and Anand Shinde. Context_7 : The Battle is a 1911 American war film directed by D. W. Griffith. The film was set during the American Civil War. It was shot in Fort Lee, New Jersey, where many early film studios in America's first motion picture industry were based at the beginning of the 20th century. Prints of the film survive in several film archives around the world including the Museum of Modern Art, UCLA Film and Television Archive, George Eastman House and the Filmoteca Española. It was Lionel Barrymore's motion picture debut. Context_8 : Ladybug Ladybug is a 1963 American motion picture directed by Academy Award-nominated filmmaker Frank Perry. The film is a commentary on the psychological effects of the Cold War, the title deriving from the classic nursery rhyme. It was the motion picture debut of William Daniels, Estelle Parsons and Jane Connell. Context_9 : Laine MacNeil (born October 28, 1996) is a Canadian actress. MacNeil made her motion picture debut at the age of thirteen, and is perhaps best known for her role as Patty Farrell in the "Diary of a Wimpy Kid" feature film franchise, which earned her five Young Artist Award nominations, including a win as Best Young Supporting Actress in a Feature Film. Context_10 : The Chicago film industry is a central hub for motion picture production and exhibition that was established before Hollywood became the undisputed capital of film making. In the early 1900s, Chicago boasted the greatest number of production companies and filmmakers. Essanay Studios founded by George K. Spoor was one of the earliest successful studios to produce movies in Chicago, employing stars such as Charlie Chaplin and Gloria Swanson. Actor and co-founder of Essanay Studios "Broncho Billie" Anderson gave birth to the western genre. Early film companies such as Essanay Studios produced multiple silent films every week and rented viewing equipment to showcase the latest cinematography to the public. This rental culture gave birth to the popularity of Nickelodeons up until the Great Depression. However, due to the high demand for motion pictures during this time, a black market for films and equipment developed. The Motion Picture Patents Company, established in 1909 as a conglomerate of the major studios, sought to eliminate all illegal use of patented film equipment. As a result, independent ventures entered the film scene. Independents drove the film industry to the west to avoid legal trouble with the trust of major film companies united under the Motion Picture Patents Company. The west offered fairer weather and scenery that better accommodated film making. Not until the 1980s and early 21st century has Chicago experienced a film production revival. Blockbusters, such as "Blues Brothers", "Sixteen Candles", and "The Dark Knight", have rejuvenated the Chicago film scene. In the 21st century, Chicago further experienced a film revival due to a tax bill the state of Illinois passed to give filmmakers a 30% tax break on production costs. fact_1 :  The film also featured the motion picture debut of Barbara Nichols. fact_2 : Barbara Marie Nickerauer (December 10, 1928 – October 5, 1976), better known as Barbara Nichols, was an American actress who often played brassy or comic roles in films in the 1950s and 1960s. Answer: 1928
[A]:
What is the birth year of the actress who made her motion picture debut in Manfish in 1956?