Given a document, generate a short title of the document. The title should convey the main idea/event/topic about which the document is being written. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].

[Q]: Itâs not as if fake news in America came into existence alongside the tide known as the Trump presidencyâthe hucksters  foreign propagandists  conspiracy theorists  and fabricators have always been hereâbut if ever there was a year when purposefully misleading or false stories hit their stride  2017 might have been it.  We  were told that an ISIS leader was captured at a US airport  and that Shariah law was instituted in Utah and other states. A study found that 25 million votes for Hillary Clinton were âcompletely fraudulent â and the Las Vegas massacre was carried out by antifa  or ISIS  or the Illuminati  or somehow all three. The lies went on and on  picking up where 2016âs catalogue of nonsense left off. (Remember Hillary Clintonâs child sex trafficking ring run out of a pizzeria  or Sarah Palin banning Muslims from âenteringâ her daughter? How about Alec Baldwin dying  and Trump winning the electoral vote and the popular vote?)
But now  we âre at the dawn of a fresh year  privy to the forces that seek to sow confusion and outrage. Can American society overcome the fake news phenomenon?
Wellâ¦ âThereâs probably a strong case to be made that  we  are chemically addicted to fake news â says  Amy Webb   an author and futurist who founded the Future Today Institute. âWhen youâre seeing your angers and fears and anxieties being validated externally  you get a shot of dopamine.â Thinking about the upcoming year and beyond   she  says   we  may have âa huge problem on  our  hands.â And though the propaganda is coming at  us  from all directionsâfrom Kremlin-backed misinformation campaigns and Twitter troll armies to publicity hounds and political malcontentsâfalling for it  and spreading it  is to some degree our own fault.
In the spring of 2017   Webb  wrote a piece for Mother Jones that detailed not only the manner of 21st-century fake news and the speed with which it travels  but also how we are all accomplices to its proliferation âas we click and repost without considering the storyâs source and its agenda.â  She  noted that the democratization of the internet back in the 1990s meant that âeveryone would get to participate regardless of their agendas.â Information became free and free-flowing. But  problematically  âwe didnât plan ahead as the internet matured â when consumers of information were left to contend with not only âhuman arbiters of factsâ but also code and algorithms that propel certain types of content to the fore  based on our own online behavior. Innocently sharing a cat video put out by Russia Today  a Kremlin-backed propaganda machine that elevates fringe âexpertsâ and attempts to sow distrust  means youâll see a lot more of their content in the future.
Complicating matters more is that in our politicized climate  the term fake news itself came to mean different things to different people. It had a literal meaning that  seemingly overnight  became a hashtag and an epithet to hurl at anything or anyone that one disagrees with. âIf we canât even come to some kind of convergence and talk about something as insidious and as threatening to our future as the spread of misinformationâotherwise known as fake news in the literal senseâthen donât we have sort of a catastrophically huge problem on our hands?â asks  Webb .
As someone who studies current and past trends to try to anticipate what the future may hold   Webb  likes to end these conversations with a reminder that  for however doomed things appear  âWe are not living in the middle of Westworldâthe future has not been preordained. There is something we can do in the year 2018 and beyond  and that is be smarter consumers of news.â
[A]: Can American Society Overcome the Fake News Phenomenon? â Mother Jones


[Q]: On Friday   Tyler Barriss  made  his  first court appearance and Sedgwick County District Court judge Faith Maughan set  his  bond at $500 000.  He  also was charged with giving false information in notifying emergency services and falsely reporting a felony.
 He  was arrested in South Los Angeles on Dec. 29  one day after Wichita police received a 911 call from a man saying  his  father had been shot in the head and that  he  was holding  his  mother and sibling at gunpoint.  The caller  also claimed gasoline was poured on the home and  he  âmight just set it on fire.â
 Barriss  was extradited to Kansas and held in the Sedgwick County Jail on Thursday afternoon.  He  wrote in a financial affidavit that  he  hasnât worked for six months.
 Barriss  reportedly called after a feud between between people playing Call of Duty on Dec. 28. Finch and  Barriss  had nothing to do with the game  police have said  but gamers involved asked  Barriss  to make the 911 call.
One week before the killing in Kansas   Barriss  was charged with mischief and fraud by police in Calgary  Canada  for a similar prank.
In an interview with KWCH TV   Barriss  said âI never intended for anyone to get shot and killed.â
 He  added: âThere is no inspiration. I donât get bored and just sit around and decide Iâm going to make a SWAT call.â
[A]: 'Swatting hoax' suspect charged with involuntary manslaughter


[Q]: WASHINGTON â A former Republican political candidate in Indiana who authored a right-wing blog was arrested this week for allegedly mailing a pipe bomb and a threatening letter containing a bullet to two of his political opponents. The pipe bomb exploded at a post office  leaving a pregnant postal worker with âcuts  abrasions and bruises to her head  legs  and feet. â
Eric Krieg  a 45-year-old resident of the city of Munster   was charged with knowing possession of a destructive device and transporting explosive materials.  He  was arrested on Thursday after the FBI executed search warrants at  his  residence   his  work and on  his  vehicle. The Justice Department put out a straightforward press release about Kriegâs arrest  but a FBI agentâs affidavit offered a lot more of an interesting backstory.
The package containing a pipe bomb that exploded at a post office in East Chicago  Indiana  on Sept. 6 had been addressed to an attorney who the feds labeled âVictim 1.â The lawyer had represented a person who filed a defamation lawsuit against  Krieg  that was settled for around $60 000  which led  Krieg  to declare bankruptcy  according to the feds.
The feds say  Krieg  was a blogger who went by the nickname âbuzzcutâ and wrote a blog  âBlue County in a Red State â which is no longer active. The blogâs tagline said it was about âLife in the most corrupt county in America: Lake County  Indiana.â But Krieg  who was described by a local columnist as âthe unofficial mud-thrower of the Lake County Republican Party â has run for county council and as country surveyor in Lake County.
The attorney who represented the individual who sued  Krieg  for defamation also told the feds that he believes he might have been targeted by Krieg because he authored an opinion on behalf of the city supporting an LGBTQ ordinance he believed  Krieg  may have disagreed with. The city of Munster passed a human rights ordinance that prohibited discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation back in 2016.
The victim who received a bullet that was wrapped in tape and had a message â âThe next one will be in the back of your headâ â had criticized  Krieg  online back in 2013.
 Krieg  admitted that  he  had mailed the explosive device in an interview with FBI special agents before  his  arrest  according to the FBI. A federal magistrate judge ordered  Krieg  held until a detention hearing next week.
[A]:
Former GOP Candidate Arrested For Mailing Pipe Bomb Bullet To Political Enemies