This task involves creating questions from a given passage that involve some kind of complex reasoning (including numerical reasoning). 
The generated questions must require looking at more than one part of the passage to answer. Try to use a variety of reasoning types in your questions (some of the sample reasoning types are illustrated in the 'positive examples' field) and also have a variety of answer types (spans, numbers, dates). A span is a continuous phrase taken directly from the passage or question. In such questions, the answer spans are recommended to be five words. Questions with answer type "number", are expected to start with "How many". For instance, "How long did an event last?" can be phrased as "How many years did an event last?". To increase diversity, try to create more questions for which the answer will be multiple spans. Please create questions that require AT LEAST 2 arithmetic operations as illustrated in the 'positive examples' field. You are encouraged to try DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS of operations and not just limit to the combinations shown in those examples. The more challenging questions you create, the better it is.

Ex Input:
Passage: The first successful use of poison gas as a weapon of warfare occurred during the Second Battle of Ypres . Gas was soon used by all major belligerents throughout the war. It is estimated that the use of chemical weapons employed by both sides throughout the war had inflicted 1.3 million casualties. For example, the British had over 180,000 chemical weapons casualties during the war, and up to one-third of American casualties were caused by them. The Russian Army reportedly suffered roughly 500,000 chemical weapon casualties in World War I. The use of chemical weapons in warfare was in direct violation of the 1899 Hague Declaration Concerning Asphyxiating Gases and the 1907 Hague Convention on Land Warfare, which prohibited their use. The effect of poison gas was not limited to combatants. Civilians were at risk from the gases as winds blew the poison gases through their towns, and they rarely received warnings or alerts of potential danger. In addition to absent warning systems, civilians often did not have access to effective gas masks. An estimated 100,000-260,000 civilian casualties were caused by chemical weapons during the conflict and tens of thousands more  died from scarring of the lungs, skin damage, and cerebral damage in the years after the conflict ended. Many commanders on both sides knew such weapons would cause major harm to civilians but nonetheless continued to use them. British Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig wrote in his diary, "My officers and I were aware that such weapons would cause harm to women and children living in nearby towns, as strong winds were common in the battlefront. However, because the weapon was to be directed against the enemy, none of us were overly concerned at all.".

Ex Output:
How many combined chemical deaths did both the British and Russian have together?


Ex Input:
Passage: The Eagles dropped a divisional matchup to a Washington Redskins team that was coming off an upset win over the Dallas Cowboys.  Philadelphia enjoyed a fast start, with Donovan McNabb marching the Eagles on a 12-play opening drive, ending with a 9-yard touchdown by Brian Westbrook.  After a Washington three-and-out, DeSean Jackson reversed the field andreturned a punt 68 yards for a touchdown to give Philadelphia a 14-0 advantage.  After a 50-yard field goal miss by David Akers on Philadelphia's next drive, the Redskins began their comeback.  They chipped away at the lead with three second-quarter field goals by Shaun Suisham.  In the third quarter, Washington took the lead on a trick play, with receiver Antwaan Randle El completing an 18-yard touchdown pass to tight end Chris Cooley. Clinton Portis scored on a 4-yard run for Washington, making it 23-14.  Midway through the final quarter, the Eagles had 2nd and 1 from the Washington 2-yard line, but were forced to settle for a field goal.  A successful fourth down conversion by Portis ended the game.  The Philadelphia running defense gave up 203 yards, 144 of them to Portis.  Westbrook learned after the game that he had broken his ribs during the first quarter.  With the loss, Philadelphia fell to 2-3 in the NFC East.

Ex Output:
How many total rushing yards did the Redskins have?


Ex Input:
Passage: Prussia emerged from the Silesian Wars as a new great power whose continental importance could no longer be disputed, and the leading power of Protestant Germany.:215-219 The kingdom had gained control of extensive new lands in Silesia, a densely industrialized region  with a large population and substantial tax yields.:192 Frederick the Great's personal reputation was enormously enhanced by his successes in the wars, as his debts to fortune  and to British financial support were soon forgotten, while the memories of his energetic leadership and tactical genius were strenuously kept alive.:90 His small kingdom had defeated the Habsburg Monarchy and defended its prize against Austria, Russia, Sweden, and  France, an accomplishment that appeared miraculous to contemporary observers.:200 After 1763, armies around the world sent their officers to Prussia to learn the secrets of the realm's outsize military power, making Prussia one of the most imitated states in Europe.:90.

Ex Output:

How many countries did Frederick the Great defeat?