In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

[Q]: Context: Danzhi Xiaoyao San (DXS) is a canonical Chinese medicine formula from Principles of Internal Medicine, which was written during the Ming dynasty. This formula is approved and commercialized for use in the prevention and treatment of affective disorders. This study is aimed to investigate the hypothesis that DXS treats depressive-like behavior by shifting the balance of the kynurenine (Kyn)/serotonin (5-HT) pathway toward the 5-HT pathway through the downregulation of hippocampal indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO).', 'Chemical fingerprints of gardenoside, paeoniflorin, ferulic acid, paeonol, and ligustilide in standard extraction were used as the material bases of DXS. Rats with depressive-like behavior induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) were randomly divided into four groups, namely the control, model, DXS, and fluoxetine groups. Cytokines, IDO, and tryptophan (Trp) catabolites were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, respectively.', 'DXS significantly increased crossing grid numbers, sucrose consumption, and body weight. This treatment significantly decreased the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 6 (IL-6). However, DXS elicited no significant effects on IL-1β, IL-2, and interferon γ. DXS downregulated the activity of IDO and subsequent production of Kyn in the hippocampus. This treatment upregulated the hippocampal contents of Trp and 5-HT but did not influence 5-HT turnover.\Question: Does danzhi Xiaoyao San ameliorate depressive-like behavior by shifting toward serotonin via the downregulation of hippocampal indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase?
[A]: DXS exhibited antidepressant-like effects on rats exposed to CUMS. DXS reduced IDO activity to shift the balance of the Kyn/5-HT pathway toward the 5-HT pathway.


[Q]: Context: The present study investigated the effects of continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) over primary somatosensory (SI) and motor (M1) cortices on motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) and short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI).', 'MEPs and SAI were recorded from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle of the right hand following 30Hz cTBS over left-hemisphere SI and M1 delivered to the same participants in separate sessions. Measurements were taken before and up to 60min following cTBS.', 'CTBS over M1 suppressed MEPs and did not alter SAI. In contrast cTBS over SI facilitated MEPs and decreased median and digital nerve evoked SAI.\Question: Does continuous theta-burst stimulation over primary somatosensory cortex modulate short-latency afferent inhibition?
[A]: These findings indicate that SAI amplitude is influenced by cTBS over SI but not M1, suggesting an important role for SI in the modulation of this circuit. These data provide further evidence that cTBS over SI versus M1 has opposite effects on corticospinal excitability.


[Q]: Context: Cirrhotic livers have a deficient vasodilator response to nitric oxide (NO). The vasodilator effect of NO is normally limited by the degradation of its second messenger cyclic guanosine 3', 5' monophosphate by phosphodiesterases. We investigated (1) the phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) expression in normal and cirrhotic rat livers, (2) the location of the deficient response to NO in cirrhotic livers, and (3) the effect of the PDE-5 inhibitor Sildenafil citrate on this deficient response.", 'Normal and ascitic cirrhotic rats were subjected to liver perfusion with continuous measurement of both perfusion and sinusoidal (wedge hepatic) pressures. After incubation with N-monomethyl-l-arginine and pre-constriction with Methoxamine, concentration-response curves to the spontaneous NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine were obtained in the absence or presence of Sildenafil (10(-8)M).', 'PDE-5 expression (Western blot) in cirrhotic livers was higher than in normal livers (P=0.042). Compared to normal livers, cirrhotic livers showed a decreased response to S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine in the pre-sinusoidal area (P=0.003) but not in the sinusoidal/post-sinusoidal area (P=0.433). In the presence of Sildenafil, normal and cirrhotic livers showed similar pre-sinusoidal (P=0.419) and sinusoidal/post-sinusoidal (P=0.875) responses to S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine.\Question: Is increased phosphodiesterase-5 expression involved in the decreased vasodilator response to nitric oxide in cirrhotic rat livers?
[A]:
Increased PDE-5 expression is involved in the decreased vascular response to NO in cirrhotic livers.