Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Input: Consider Input: High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein has been identified as a novel pro-inflammatory cytokine in coronary artery disease (CAD). We investigated the relationship between serum HMGB1 level and the severity of coronary artery stenosis.', 'Serum HMGB1 concentration in patients was measured by ELISA. All patients underwent coronary angiography and were assigned into groups according to the quartile of HMGB1 level.', 'HMGB1 level in USAP group was higher than that in control and SAP group. HMGB1 level in SAP group was higher than that in control group (p<0.05). Gensini scores in the highest quartile group (group IV), group III and group II were all significantly higher than that in the lowest quartile group (group I). There was significant correlation between angiographic Gensini score and serum level of HMGB1 (r=0.710, p<0.05). However, in subgroup analysis, we found that serum HMGB1 level was only correlated with angiographic Gensini score in SAP patients (r=0.786, p<0.05), but not USAP patients.

Output: Is increased serum HMGB1 related to the severity of coronary artery stenosis?


Input: Consider Input: Menopausal reduction in estrogen causes increased adipose accumulation, leading many to turn to dietary supplements to prevent and treat such changes. Enhanced adipose mobilization stimulated by some supplements can increase the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Cytoprotective and anti-obesity compounds may prevent the lipotoxicity associated with mobilization.', 'A phytochemical blend was tested in aged, ovariectomized rats. Rats were given the AIN-93M basal diet or a diet containing varying doses of phytochemicals with 2.4 IU/g vitamin D [diet 1: 1000 mg/kg genistein (G); diet 2: 500 mg/kg (G), 200 mg/kg resveratrol (R), and 1000 mg/kg quercetin (Q); diet 3: 1000 mg/kg (G), 400 mg/kg (R), and 2000 mg/kg (Q)].', 'Serum free fatty acids and hepatic triglycerides were elevated with diets 2 and 3. Despite this increase, the phytochemical blends did not increase apoptotic, cell repair, or remodeling gene expression. The highest phytochemical dose prevented increases in serum alanine aminotransferase.

Output: Does a dietary phytochemical blend prevent liver damage associated with adipose tissue mobilization in ovariectomized rats?


Input: Consider Input: Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants are at risk to develop nephrocalcinosis (NC). NC may result from spontaneous or therapy-induced imbalance between promoters and inhibitors of crystallization in the urine. However, data on "normal" urinary excretions of these parameters in VLBW infants are sparse. Therefore, we prospectively examined the urinary excretion of calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and citrate in VLBW infants during the first 8 weeks of life.', 'Urine samples were collected once weekly in 124 VLBW infants. NC appeared in 16 infants, whose data were separately analyzed. The remaining 108 infants were divided into subgroups: A, <1000 g (N = 53); and B, 1000 to 1500 g (N = 55). Random urine samples were analyzed and the results were expressed as molar creatinine ratios. Calcium/citrate and oxalate/citrate expressed the risk for calcium oxalate crystallization.', 'In group A, citrate excretion was lower at weeks 2 to 5 and 7; calcium/citrate was higher in weeks 2, 4, and 7; oxalate/citrate was higher in weeks 3, 4, 7, and 8; and calcium/creatinine ratio was higher in week 4 (P < 0.05). Citrate/creatinine ratios were low in nine infants with NC. Oxalate/creatinine and calcium/creatinine were elevated in five and calcium/citrate was increased in nine infants with NC.


Output: Is hypocitraturia one of the major risk factors for nephrocalcinosis in very low birth weight ( VLBW ) infants?