In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question separated with a 
. You have to answer the question based on the context.

Example Input: Pre-trained English NER model We construct the English NER system following BIBREF7 . This system uses a bidirectional LSTM as a character-level language model to take context information for word embedding generation.  For pre-trained English NER system, we use the default NER model of Flair. 
 Question: Which pre-trained English NER model do they use?
Example Output: Bidirectional LSTM based NER model of Flair

Example Input: In this paper, we present an extraction-then-synthesis framework for machine reading comprehension shown in Figure 1 , in which the answer is synthesized from the extraction results. We build an evidence extraction model to predict the most important sub-spans from the passages as evidence, and then develop an answer synthesis model which takes the evidence as additional features along with the question and passage to further elaborate the final answers. 
 Question: Which framework they propose in this paper?
Example Output:  extraction-then-synthesis framework

Example Input: In particular, we perform an extensive set of experiments on standard benchmarks for bilingual dictionary induction and monolingual and cross-lingual word similarity, as well as on an extrinsic task: cross-lingual hypernym discovery. For both the monolingual and cross-lingual settings, we can notice that our models generally outperform the corresponding baselines.  As can be seen in Table 1 , our refinement method consistently improves over the baselines (i.e., VecMap and MUSE) on all language pairs and metrics. First and foremost, in terms of model-wise comparisons, we observe that our proposed alterations of both VecMap and MUSE improve their quality in a consistent manner, across most metrics and data configurations. 
 Question: What are the tasks that this method has shown improvements?
Example Output:
bilingual dictionary induction, monolingual and cross-lingual word similarity, and cross-lingual hypernym discovery