Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
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Question: Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of CALPAIN-5 (CAPN5) gene in PCOS susceptibility.', 'We analysed four intronic polymorphisms of the CAPN5 gene in 148 well-characterized women with PCOS and 606 unrelated controls. We performed a case-control study and an intracohort analysis of clinical characteristics associated with PCOS.', 'Analysis of haplotypes distribution between PCOS population compared to controls showed a strong deviation (P = 0.00029). The haplotypes GGCA and GGTG were overrepresented in PCOS patients (P = 0.009 and P = 0.001, respectively). In addition, we identified several CAPN5 haplotypes associated with phenotypic differences observed between PCOS patients, such as the presence of obesity (P = 0.02), cardiovascular complications (P = 0.02), familial antecedents of obesity (P = 0.003) and of hypertension (P = 0.007) and type 2 diabetes mellitus aggregation (P = 0.04).
Answer: These results suggest a role of CAPN5 gene in PCOS susceptibility in humans. Moreover, novel candidate risk alleles have been identified, within CAPN5 gene, which could be associated with important phenotypic and prognosis differences observed in PCOS patients.

Answer: Are specific haplotypes of the CALPAIN-5 gene associated with polycystic ovary syndrome?


Question: Context: To describe the common locations of active trigger points (TrPs) in the temporalis muscle and their referred pain patterns in chronic tension type headache (CTTH), and to determine if pressure sensitivity maps of this muscle can be used to describe the spatial distribution of active TrPs.', 'Forty women with CTTH were included. An electronic pressure algometer was used to assess pressure pain thresholds (PPT) from 9 points over each temporalis muscle: 3 points in the anterior, medial and posterior part, respectively. Both muscles were examined for the presence of active TrPs over each of the 9 points. The referred pain pattern of each active TrP was assessed.', 'Two-way analysis of variance detected significant differences in mean PPT levels between the measurement points (F=30.3; P<0.001), but not between sides (F=2.1; P=0.2). PPT scores decreased from the posterior to the anterior column (P<0.001). No differences were found in the number of active TrPs (F=0.3; P=0.9) between the dominant side the nondominant side. Significant differences were found in the distribution of the active TrPs (chi2=12.2; P<0.001): active TrPs were mostly found in the anterior column and in the middle of the muscle belly. The analysis of variance did not detect significant differences in the referred pain pattern between active TrPs (F=1.1, P=0.4). The topographical pressure pain sensitivity maps showed the distinct distribution of the TrPs indicated by locations with low PPTs.
Answer: Multiple active TrPs in the temporalis muscle were found, particularly in the anterior column and in the middle of the muscle belly. Bilateral posterior to anterior decreased distribution of PPTs in the temporalis muscle in women with CTTH was found. The locations of active TrPs in the temporalis muscle corresponded well to the muscle areas with lower PPT, supporting the relationship between multiple active muscle TrPs and topographical pressure sensitivity maps in the temporalis muscle in women with CTTH.

Answer: Are multiple active myofascial trigger points and pressure pain sensitivity maps in the temporalis muscle related in women with chronic tension type headache?


Question: Context: To assess the effects of soft contact lens base curve radius (BCR), sex, ethnicity, central corneal curvatures, and vertical palpebral aperture size (PAS) on the postlens tear thickness (PLTT).', 'The PLTT was measured using optical pachometry on 114 experienced lens wearers who were fitted with lathe-cut soft lenses (Alden 47, polymacon, 35.5% H2O, -2.00 diopter, and 14.0 mm). Each subject was randomly allocated to one lens group receiving a BCR of 7.9, 8.3, or 8.7 mm. Pachometry measurements were taken at 30 min after lens insertion. Vertical PAS and keratometry readings were measured for 94 of the 114 subjects.', 'The mean (95% confidence interval) PLTT was 15.7 microm (13.2-18.0 microm), 12.8 microm (10.9-14.7 microm), and 12.1 microm (10.2-14.0 microm) for the 7.9-mm, 8.3-mm, and 8.7-mm BCR groups, respectively. The differences in PLTT among the three BCR groups was significant (analysis of variance F-test; P=0.039). Post hoc testing using the Tukey honestly significant difference statistic showed that only the two extreme BCR groups (7.9 mm and 8.7 mm) were significantly different. Sex had no effect on the PLTT; however, the PLTT was significantly thinner for the Asian compared with non-Asian eyes (P=0.0001). The Asian PLTT did not vary with different soft lens BCRs. The non-Asian PLTT was thicker with lenses of the steep BCR compared with the flat BCR.
Answer: These results show that the base curve radius of a soft contact lens and several ocular characteristics can affect the thickness of the postlens tear film.

Answer:
Do the effects of ocular and lens parameters on the postlens tear thickness?