Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Example Input: Research has shown that hand gestures affect comprehension and production of speech at semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic levels for both native language and second language (L2). This study investigated a relatively less explored question: Do hand gestures influence auditory learning of an L2 at the segmental phonology level?', 'To examine auditory learning of phonemic vowel length contrasts in Japanese, 88 native English-speaking participants took an auditory test before and after one of the following 4 types of training in which they (a) observed an instructor in a video speaking Japanese words while she made syllabic-rhythm hand gesture, (b) produced this gesture with the instructor, (c) observed the instructor speaking those words and her moraic-rhythm hand gesture, or (d) produced the moraic-rhythm gesture with the instructor.', 'All of the training types yielded similar auditory improvement in identifying vowel length contrast. However, observing the syllabic-rhythm hand gesture yielded the most balanced improvement between word-initial and word-final vowels and between slow and fast speaking rates.
Example Output: Does effects of hand gestures on auditory learning of second-language vowel length contrast?

Example Input: Asthma is a multi-factorial inflammatory disease associated with increased oxidative stress and altered antioxidant defences. We have evaluated the effect of choline on oxidative stress in a mouse model of airway disease.', 'Balb/c mice were sensitised with 100 microg of ovalbumin on days 0 and 14, and challenged with aerosolized ovalbumin on days 25-27. Mice were administered 1 mg kg(-1) of choline via oral gavage or intranasal route on days 14-27. Mice were also administered 100 mg kg(-1) of alpha-lipoic acid as standard antioxidant. Total cell counts, eosinophils and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) activity were determined in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and isoprostanes levels were measured in BAL fluid. IL-13 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels were also measured in BAL fluid and spleen cell culture supernatant. Nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) p65 protein expression was measured after last ovalbumin challenge in nuclear and cytosolic extracts of lungs.', 'Compared with ovalbumin-challenged mice, choline and alpha-lipoic acid treated mice had significantly reduced eosinophilic infiltration and EPO activity in BAL fluid. Choline and alpha-lipoic acid treatment reduced ROS production and isoprostanes level significantly in BAL fluid and thus suppressed oxidative stress. Choline and alpha-lipoic acid administration by either route decreased lipid peroxidation levels and down regulated NFkappaB activity. Further, choline and/or alpha-lipoic acid treatment suppressed TNF-alpha level significantly as compared with that of ovalbumin-challenged mice.
Example Output: Does choline supplementation reduce oxidative stress in mouse model of allergic airway disease?

Example Input: Hostility may predict coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality, as well as the metabolic syndrome. We tested to see if high levels of the attitudinal and emotional aspects of hostility lead to progression of carotid atherosclerosis in women and if the metabolic syndrome is a mediator of the association.', 'Two hundred nine healthy women were followed during the perimenopausal and postmenopausal periods. Carotid artery ultrasound scans measured intima-media thickness (IMT) an average 7.4 (SD = 0.9, range 4.2-10.8) and 10.5 years (SD = 1.1, range = 6.9-13.0) after baseline. Hostility was measured at baseline and at the first carotid scan with Spielberger Trait Anger (being angry frequently) and Anger In (suppressing angry feelings) scales, and the Cook-Medley Hostility Inventory (hostile, cynical attitudes toward others). Metabolic syndrome was measured at the study entry and through the second carotid scan.', 'Baseline Trait Anger scores predicted an increase in IMT across 3 years (p < .05) and predicted the risk for developing the metabolic syndrome (p < .05). The risk for developing the metabolic syndrome, in turn, predicted an increase in IMT across 3 years (p < .05). Anger suppression and cynical attitudes were not associated with progression of carotid atherosclerosis.
Example Output:
Do trait anger and the metabolic syndrome predict progression of carotid atherosclerosis in healthy middle-aged women?