In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision.  Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. You should write an incorrect option. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.

Ex Input:
1024-25 (Bankr.S.D.Fla.1996) (J. Mark) (discussing the split of authority and explaining that Congress codified the result of In re Bobroff, 766 F.2d 797 (3d Cir.1985) which encouraged the use of debt repayment plans by ensuring that property acquired post-petition would not be subject to creditors’ claims if Chapter 13 proved unsuccessful). Courts which held that property acquired post-petition must be property of the Chapter 7 estate after conversion did so because they believed such policy was “necessary to discourage strategic, opportunistic behavior that hurts creditors without advancing any legitimate interests of the debtors.” In re Lybrook, 951 F.2d 136, 137 (7th Cir.1991). Lybrook, In re Colder, 973 F.2d 862 (10th Cir.1992), and In re Lindberg, 735 F.2d 1087 (8th Cir.1984) (<HOLDING>), base their results on policy concerns that 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that while state law determines the existence of a claim federal law determines when a claim arises for bankruptcy purposes (B) holding for  1983 actions that although state law determines the limitations period federal law determines when the claim arises (C) holding that federal law determines definition of executory contract but that state law determines whether a material breach of the contract could occur (D) holding that date of conversion determines what exemptions apply (E) holding that federal courts sitting in diversity should apply state law that determines the outcome of the case

Ex Output:
holding that while state law determines the existence of a claim federal law determines when a claim arises for bankruptcy purposes


Ex Input:
9006(b)(3). There is no excusable neglect basis for enlarging the claims bar date included in Rule 3002(c). Accordingly, the excusable neglect standard found in Rule 9006(b)(1) does not authorize extensions of the claims deadline imposed in chapter 13 cases. In re Oscar, 2005 WL 6522763 (Bankr.E.D.Pa. Apr. 14, 2005). “[S]ince 1994, the courts have almost uniformly ruled that proofs of claim that are untimely filed in a Chapter 13 case may not be deemed timely filed, and that the claimants thereunder should not take from, or be permitted to recover from, the debtor’s estate under the Chapter 13 plan.” Daniels, 466 B.R. at 217 (listing examples). This Court has consistently held that late claims are not permitted in chapter 13 cases. In re Dumain, 492 B.R. 140, 148 (Bankr.S.D.N.Y.2013) (<HOLDING>). As such, the Court will not allow Ocwen’s 
 Holding statements: (A) holding impairment of secured creditors foreclosure remedy permissible (B) holding that failure to comply with bankruptcy rule 4004 may be waived (C) holding that the bankruptcy court lacked subject matter jurisdiction over counterclaims asserted by the bankruptcy estate against a creditor where the claim is a state law action independent of the federal bankruptcy law and not necessarily resolvable by a ruling on the creditors proof of claim in the bankruptcy emphasis added (D) holding that secured creditors must comply with the bar date imposed by bankruptcy rule 3002c (E) holding that a creditors security was preserved notwithstanding the bankruptcy of the debtor

Ex Output:
holding impairment of secured creditors foreclosure remedy permissible


Ex Input:
from making any payments to Medicare providers unless and until they have furnished such information as the Secretary may require, Columbia’s receipt of Medicare payments for each year after 1994 was the result of its false certifications of compliance because otherwise it would not have been permitted to participate or receive payments for each subsequent year and the government would not have paid to Columbia the money that is the basis of this suit. Equifax, 557 F.2d at 461 (identifying as a false claim a material misrepresentation knowingly made in order to qualify for a government contract, privilege, or service). Courts have found FCA violations based on comparable misrepresentations. United States v. Oakwood Downriver Medical Center, 687 F.Supp. 302, 303-04 (E.D.Mich.1988) (<HOLDING>); Hopper, 91 F.3d at 1266 (false certification 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that prior adjudication barred a claim that arose out of the same transactions and that could have been raised in prior suit (B) holding relator stated fca claim where defendants submitted annual cost reports that included a certification of compliance (C) holding that an fca claim arose out of defendants failure to disclose in its form 2552 cost reports the existence of prohibited transactions with related health care organizations (D) holding claim that negligent supervision caused assault was health care liability claim because it was inseparable from the health care and nursing services provided (E) holding that the disclosure of billing invoices and cost reports were neither allegations of fraud nor fraudulent transactions

Ex Output:

holding that prior adjudication barred a claim that arose out of the same transactions and that could have been raised in prior suit