You are given a science question (hard-level) and four answer options (associated with "A", "B", "C", "D"). Your task is to find the correct answer based on scientific facts, knowledge, and reasoning. Do not generate anything else apart from one of the following characters: 'A', 'B, 'C', 'D'. There is only one correct answer for each question.

What causes a ship carrying heavy cargo to take more time to come to a stop than an identical ship carrying lighter cargo if both ships are traveling at the same speed?  
 (A) increased friction (B) greater momentum (C) greater acceleration (D) more constant velocity
B

Some plants produce fruit such as apples. What is one function of a fruit?  
 (A) to protect seeds (B) to produce food for seeds (C) to stop seeds from dispersing (D) to store water for seed germination
A

A gene mutates in a type of bacteria. When these bacteria reproduce asexually, this mutation can only be inherited by  
 (A) different types of bacteria. (B) cells in the bacteria that are non-reproductive. (C) bacteria cells that are missing the gene. (D) direct descendants of the bacteria.

D