In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question.

Input: Consider Input: Question: How many pieces had Beethoven composed before the one Pinza performed in 1935? Passage:Pinza sang once again under the baton of Toscanini in 1935, this time with the New York Philharmonic Orchestra, as the bass soloist in performances of Beethoven's Missa Solemnis. One of these performances was broadcast by CBS and preserved on transcription discs; this recording has been issued on LPs and CDs. He also sang in Toscanini's February 6, 1938, NBC Symphony Orchestra's broadcast performance of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony. These performances both took place in Carnegie Hall. In March 1942, Pinza was arrested at his home and unjustly detained 3 months on Ellis Island with hundreds of other Italian-Americans who were suspected of supporting the Axis. The incident was extremely traumatic for Pinza, and he suffered from severe depression for years afterward. In October 1947, he performed the role of Méphistophélès in Guonod's Faust opposite his daughter, soprano Claudia Pinza Bozzolla, as Marguerite at the San Francisco Opera.
 Links: a. Symphony No. 9 (Beethoven) b. Missa solemnis (Beethoven) c. Faust (opera) d. San Francisco Opera

Output: b


Input: Consider Input: Question: Did the Michigan coach that retired after 2007 or his successor have a better overall win-loss record at the school? Passage:Fred Jackson (born June 9, 1950) is an American football coach and former player. He was previously the running backs coach at the University of Michigan. In 2014, he was the longest tenured member of the Michigan Wolverines football coaching staff, having been with the program since 1992. Jackson served on the staffs of Gary Moeller, Lloyd Carr, Rich Rodriguez, and Brady Hoke. In addition to coaching running backs, Jackson served as Michigan's offensive coordinator (1995–1996), assistant head coach (1997–2002), and associate head coach (2003–2007). He was a finalist for the Broyles Award, given annually to the nation's top college football assistant coach, in 2000. After Michigan head coach Lloyd Carr retired following the 2007 season, Jackson was the only member of the coaching staff retained by Carr's successor, Rich Rodriguez. When Rodriguez was fired after the 2010 season, Jackson was the only member of Rodriguez's staff retained by his successor, Brady Hoke. Hoke and Jackson served as assistants together under Carr and Gary Moeller for a total of eight years including the 1997 national championship season.
 Links: a. Broyles Award b. Brady Hoke c. Rich Rodriguez d. Lloyd Carr

Output: d


Input: Consider Input: Question: What was the name of the person the king, who was defeated by Eumenes near the Lydian capital of Sardis in 261 BC, succeeded ? Passage:Although nominally under Seleucid control, Pergamon under Philetaerus enjoyed considerable autonomy. However, upon his succession, Eumenes, perhaps with the encouragement of Ptolemy II, who was at war with the Seleucids, revolted, defeating the Seleucid king Antiochus I near the Lydian capital of Sardis in 261 BC. He was thus able to free Pergamon, and greatly increase the territories under his control. In his new possessions, he established garrison posts in the north at the foot of Mount Ida called Philetaireia after his adoptive father, and in the east, northeast of Thyatira near the sources of the river Lycus, called Attaleia after his grandfather, and he extended his control south of the river Caïcus to the Gulf of Cyme as well. Demonstrating his independence, he began to strike coins with the portrait of Philetaerus, while his predecessor had still depicted Seleucus I Nicator.
 Links: a. Cyme (Aeolis) b. Antiochus I Soter c. Lydia d. Mount Ida (Turkey)


Output: b