TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: This man repudiated the Walrasian school after he published a work critical of the marginal productivity theory of distribution. In his magnum opus, he argued that actions are based on illogical decisions called "residues" and are justified by "derivations. " In additio to writing Cours d'economie politique and Mind and Society, his collaborative work with Francis Edgeworth resulted in the indifference curve, and he is also the namesake of a distribution, which leads to the conclusion that 80% of the outcome can be attributed to 20% of the causes. For 10 points, identify this economist, who also names a condition where no person can be made better of without making anybody worse off.

SOLUTION: Social Science

PROBLEM: The theory in which these particles appear is an SU(3) gauge theory, and particles composed only of them are predicted to exist, but the only candidate known, f(1710), decays too quickly into K-mesons. During the first ten microseconds after the Big Bang, the state of matter where hadrons are decomposed that was said to have formed is known as a plasma of quarks and these particles. A vector gauge boson of spin 1, they have only two polarization states and have eight independent types, and although their exchange results in a change of color, the quarks maintains the balance of color. Carriers of the strong nuclear force, these are, FTP, which subatomic particles that cause quarks to interact and thus the binding of protons and neutrons in nuclei

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: The last section of this work outlines the four causes of the "confederacy of deceivers" that suppress the light of truth within men. This book accuses the Catholic Church of misinterpreting scripture to justify the Pope's powers in that fourth section, "The Kingdom of Darkness". The second part of this work outlines twelve rights of rulers and claims that men bind together in the state for self-preservation. That section also rejects aristocracy and democracy in favor of the more stable monarchy. This work proposes a way to avoid the "war of all against all" described in its first section, "Of Man". That section of this work also defines life in nature as "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short". For 10 points, name this philosophical book that outlines the necessity of a strong state, written by Thomas Hobbes.

SOLUTION:
Social Science