Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[EX Q]: One variant of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is defined by sporadic tumors of both the parathyroids and pituitary. The prevalence of identified MEN1 mutations in this variant is lower than in familial MEN1 (7% vs. 90%), suggesting different causes. Recently, one case of this variant had a germline mutation of p27(Kip1)/CDKN1B.', 'The objective was to test p27 in germline DNA from cases with tumors of both the parathyroids and pituitary.', 'Medical record review and sequence analysis in DNA were performed.', 'This study involved an inpatient and outpatient referral program for cases of endocrine tumors.', 'Sixteen index cases had sporadic tumors of two organs, both the parathyroids and the pituitary. There were 18 additional index cases with related features of familial tumors. Five subjects were normal controls. No case had an identified MEN1 mutation.', 'Clinical status of endocrine tumors was tabulated. Sequencing of germline DNA from index cases and control cases for the p27 gene was performed by PCR.', 'Endocrine tumor types and their expressions were measured, as were sequence changes in the p27 gene.', 'Tumor features were documented in index cases and families. One p27 germline single nucleotide change was identified. This predicted a silent substitution of Thr142Thr. Furthermore, there was a normal prevalence of heterozygosity for a common p27 polymorphism, making a large p27 deletion unlikely in all or most of these cases.
[EX A]: Does the parathyroid/pituitary variant of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 usually have causes other than p27Kip1 mutations?

[EX Q]: The biliary cast syndrome (BCS) is a frequent problem following liver transplantation. The pathogenesis of this complication is not well understood. Previous research has demonstrated that the soluble form of MICA (sMICA) is significantly higher in patients with chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) than in healthy volunteers. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible involvement of sMICA in the formation of BCS after liver transplantation.', 'Serum soluble MICA was retrospectively evaluated in pre- and post-transplant sera from 133 consecutive primary liver transplant patients and in sera from 88 healthy volunteers using sandwich ELISA. Normal distribution of serum sMICA was described by the data obtained from healthy population and sMICA concentration that was greater than the upper bound 95% normal range was considered as high levels of sMICA. Patient records were reviewed to identify patients who developed BCS.', 'The results demonstrated that 37.6% of patients with end-stage liver diseases had significantly higher pre-transplant serum sMICA than in healthy population. 34.4% of recipients with post-transplant high levels of sMICA developed BCS. In contrast, 17.3% of patients with post-transplant normal levels of sMICA developed BCS. The risk of BCS development is significantly associated with the presence of post-transplant high levels of sMICA (P=0.0365). Further analysis disclosed that patients with decreased post-transplant sMICA following liver transplantation had a lower incidence rate of BCS than those with remained high levels of sMICA after transplantation (10.5% vs. 38.7%, P=0.0302). Furthermore, log-rank test showed that BCS occurrence was significantly associated with dynamic changes of sMICA among different groups (P=0.0188).
[EX A]: Are high levels of soluble Major Histocompatibility Complex class I related chain A ( MICA ) associated with biliary cast syndrome after liver transplantation?

[EX Q]: To evaluate the diagnostic significance of CT scan in the localization of the stricture in the upper airway in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).', "Fifty-four patients with OSAS were included in this study. CT scan evaluated the upper airway from the roof of nasopharynx to the glottis using a Phlips Tomoscan AV Expander E1 spiral scanner. The areas and the dimensions of palate, uvula, lingua and epiglottis region, as well as the thickness of retropharyngeal and lateral pharyngeal tissue was evaluated. The reference values had been set-up in 225 normal adult upper airways CT scan, some patients' results were compared with the CT scan results during apnea.", 'There were no any upper airway stricture in 12 patients with OSAS, and there were one or more upper airway stricture sites in other 42 patients. Twenty-four patients had only one stricture site. Fourteen patients had 2 adjacent stricture sites. One patient had three stricture sites. Three patients had 4 upper airway strictures. There was a good concordance between the results of CT scans during awakening and sleeping in 14 patients.
[EX A]:
Do [ Localization of upper airway stricture in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome by CT scan ]?