Given a context passage, generate a question from the passage such that its answer is shortest continous span from the passage.

Ex Input:
New research shows how kids' brains reorganize as they learn math. All the time you spent memorizing multiplication tables may have made you a better mathematician, according to a new study. A team of scientists from Stanford University, in California, have shown how the brain reorganizes itself as kids learn math. After a certain amount of time spent practicing math, kids can put away the calculator . They don't even need to count on their fingers. They simply know the answers to subtraction , addition, and multiplication facts. The quicker kids can recall basic math facts, the easier it is for them to solve more complicated math problems. The Stanford University researchers observed the brain activity of 28 students aged 7to 9 for the study. They took scans of the students' brains as the students solved math calculations without the help of a calculator, pen or paper. A calculation--three plus four equals seven, for example--flashed on a screen. The students pushed a button to say if the answer was right or wrong. The scientists also recorded the response speed, and what parts of the brain became active as the kids pushed the button. These observations showed a process called fact retrieval . Rather than using their fingers to count, or writing out answers on a piece of paper, the students pulled the answers from memory. It's as if the answers to basic math problems are kept in a long-term storage area in the brain, which was built from repetition. "Experience really does matter," said Dr. Kathy Mann Koepeke. Children make the shift from counting to fact retrieval when they are 8 to 9 years old, the study shows. This is the time when most students are learning basic addition and subtraction. When kids have basic math facts memorized, the brain has more free space to learn more complicated math. This process has benefits for the future. The study shows as kids grow older, their answers rely more on memory and become quicker and more accurate. Less brain activity is devoted to counting. Some children make this shift quicker than others.

Ex Output:
What plays a key role in solving a math problem?


Ex Input:
For Fall 2018, Berkeleys acceptance rate for freshman was 15.1%. Total enrollment was 41,910 - 30,574 undergraduate and 11,336 graduate students - with women accounting for 52.7% of undergraduates and 46.2% of graduate and professional students. Of enrolled freshman, nearly 54% were women and approximately 60% self-identified as persons of color. Enrolled freshman had an average weighted secondary school GPA of 4.45 (unweighted GPA of 3.92) and had an average SAT score of 1435 (average ACT score of 32). The interquartile range for SAT scores was 1340-1530, with 660-750 for reading/writing and 670-750 for math. Berkeleys enrollment of National Merit Scholarship Program was third in the nation until 2002, when participation in the National Merit program was discontinued. For 2016-17, Berkeley ranked fifth in enrollment of recipients of the National Merit Scholarship Program (136 scholars). 33% of admitted students receive federal Pell grants.

Ex Output:
In Fall of 2018 were there more women or men enrolled as freshman?


Ex Input:
To compare the outcome of outside-in biological and synthetic transobturator tape (TOT) operation, including subjective and objective success rates, urodynamics, and quality of life. One hundred patients suffering from clinical and/or urodynamic stress urinary incontinence (SUI) were randomized into biological material TOT (PELVILACE® TO) or synthetic material TOT (ALIGN®TO Urethral Support System) groups. Preoperative and at 1 year postoperative urogynecological symptom assessment, 1-h pad test, 4-day bladder diary, stress test, Q-tip test, and urodynamics were performed. For the evaluation of quality of life, the King's Health Questionnaire, Urogenital Distress Inventory-6, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-7, and Prolapse Quality of Life were used. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding objective and subjective cure rates and quality of life. At 1-year follow-up, the subjective cure rate was 68 % in the biological material TOT and 70 % in the synthetic material TOT group. No perioperative complications developed. Groin pain developed in 2 patients in the biological TOT group and 1 patient had dehiscence in the periurethral incision, which healed with local estrogen. Two patients had transient urinary retention in the synthetic TOT group, 1 patient developed groin pain, and 1 patient had mesh erosion observed at the 1-year follow-up. Transobturator tape with biological material in the management of SUI has a rate of success and patient satisfaction similar to those of synthetic material at 1-year follow-up. Studies with longer follow-up and larger cohorts are necessary to evaluate possible autolysis and degradation of biological slings and a possible reduction in efficacy over time.

Ex Output:

Which type of urinary incontinence is diagnosed with the Q tip test?