TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: author claimed that there is no right to hold a bird of prey accountable for being a bird of prey. Ernst Haeckel latched onto this philosopher's idea of the "world riddle. " A renowned translator and interpreter of this philosopher's works was Walter Kaufman. This thinker chastised his prior love of Wagner in an "attempt at self-criticism" appended to a work in which he contrasted the Dionysian and Apollonian aspects of the title art form. He described the "blond beast" in his treatment of ethics, On the Genealogy of Morals. For 10 points, name this philosopher who proclaimed "God is Dead" in The Gay Science and wrote The Birth of Tragedy.

SOLUTION: Social Science

PROBLEM: Rosenheim and Callow developed a test in which a mixture of this compound and metal acetates are used to detect the presence of sterols. Millon's reagent is a solution of mercury in this substance and a similar substance, which turns red in the presence of phenolic compounds and is useful in detecting tyrosine residues. The commercial production of this compound begins with the combustion of ammonia using a platinum-rhodium catalyst; that process is the Ostwald process. For 10 points, identify this acid which is found with hydrochloric acid in aqua regia, and has chemical formula HNO3.

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: One work by this man begins with strings playing a pianissimo "A" in five different octaves, a movement whose title is transliterated as "Slowly, Dragging, Like a sound from nature." The diary of Natalie Bauer-Lechner chronicles the creation of a work by this composer which quotes from Nietzsche's "Midnight Song." Lehar's Merry Widow and Wagner's "Die Meistersinger" are parodied in the finale of the seventh of this man's symphonies, which variously draw from the final scene of (*) Goethe's Faust, the earlier song cycle Der Knaben Wunderhorn, and the chant Veni Creator Spiritus. A staggering forty-minute first movement opens his lengthy third symphony, while he gave his song cycle based on Chinese poems an atypical name to avoid the curse of the ninth. For 10 points, name this Austrian creator of the "Resurrection" and "Titan" symphonies, The Song of the Earth, and the "Symphony of a Thousand."

SOLUTION:
Fine Arts