In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Enterprise Communities Enhancement 
Act of 2001''.

SEC. 2. FUNDING ENTITLEMENT FOR ADDITIONAL ENTERPRISE COMMUNITIES.

    (a) Entitlement.--Section 2007(a)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1397f(a)(1)) is amended by striking ``and'' at the end of 
subparagraph (A), by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (B) 
and inserting ``; and'', and by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) 7 grants under this section for each 
                qualified enterprise community that is in the State and 
                is designated pursuant to section 766 of the 
                Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug 
                Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations 
                Act, 1999.''.
    (b) Amount of Grants.--Section 2007(a)(2) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
1397f(a)(2)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as subparagraph (D); 
        and
            (2) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the following:
                    ``(C) Additional enterprise community grants.--The 
                amount of the grant to a State under this section for 
                each qualified enterprise community referred to in 
                paragraph (1)(C) shall be $500,000, multiplied by the 
                proportion of the population of the community that 
                resides in the State.''.
    (c) Timing of Grants.--Section 2007(a)(3) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
1397f(a)(3)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) Additional qualified enterprise 
                communities.--With respect to each qualified enterprise 
                community referred to in paragraph (1)(C), the 
                Secretary shall make 1 grant under this section to the 
                State in which the community lies on the first day of 
                fiscal year 2002 and of each of the 6 succeeding fiscal 
                years.''.
    (d) Funding.--Section 2007(a)(4) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
1397f(a)(4)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``(4) Funding.--$1,000,000,000'' and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(4) Funding.--
                    ``(A) Original grants.--$1,000,000,000'';
            (2) by inserting ``for empowerment zones and enterprise 
        communities described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph 
        (1)'' before the period; and
            (3) by adding after and below the end the following:
                    ``(B) Additional enterprise community grants.--
                $70,000,000 shall be made available to the Secretary 
                for grants under this section for enterprise 
                communities referred to in paragraph (1)(C).''.
    (e) Definitions.--
            (1) Qualified enterprise community.--Section 2007(f)(2)(A) 
        of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1397f(f)(2)(A)) is amended by inserting 
        ``or pursuant to section 766 of the Agriculture, Rural 
        Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies 
        Appropriations Act, 1999'' before the semicolon.
            (2) Strategic plan.--Section 2007(f)(3) of such Act (42 
        U.S.C. 1397f(f)(3)) is amended by inserting ``or under section 
        766 of the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug 
        Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999'' 
        before the period.

SEC. 3. USE OF GRANT FUNDS.

    (a) Revolving Loan Activities.--Section 2007(b) of the Social 
Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1397f(b)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
            ``(5) Revolving loan activities.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In order to assist disadvantaged 
                adults and youths in achieving and maintaining economic 
                self-support, a State may use amounts paid under this 
                section to fund revolving loan funds or similar 
                arrangements for the purpose of making loans to 
                residents, institutions, organizations, or businesses 
                that hire disadvantaged adults and youths.
                    ``(B) Rules for disbursement.--Amounts to be used 
                as described in subparagraph (A) shall be disbursed by 
                the Secretary, consistent with the provisions of the 
                Cash Management Improvement Act and its implementing 
                rules, regulations, and procedures issued by the 
                Secretary of the Treasury--
                            ``(i) in the case of a grant to a revolving 
                        loan fund--
                                    ``(I) pursuant to a written 
                                irrevocable grant commitment; and
                                    ``(II) at such time or times as the 
                                Secretary determines that the funds are 
                                needed to meet the purposes of such 
                                commitment; or
                            ``(ii) in the case of a grant for purposes 
                        of capitalizing an insured depository 
                        institution (as defined in section 3 of the 
                        Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1813)) 
                        or an insured credit union (as defined in 
                        section 101 of the Federal Credit Union Act (12 
                        U.S.C. 1742)), at such time or times as the 
                        Secretary determines that funds are needed for 
                        such capitalization.''.
[A]: Enterprise Communities Enhancement Act of 2001 - Amends title XX (Block Grants to States for Social Services) of the Social Security Act to provide for: (1) additional State entitlements to grants for designated qualified enterprise communities; (2) funding for such grants; and (3) use of grant funds for revolving loan fund loans to residents, institutions, organizations, or businesses that hire disadvantaged adults and youths.


[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Access to Frontline Health Care Act 
of 2011''.

SEC. 2. FRONTLINE PROVIDERS LOAN REPAYMENT PROGRAM.

    Part D of title III of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
254b et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating the second subpart XI (as added by 
        section 10333 of Public Law 111-148) as subpart XII;
            (2) by redesignating the second section 340H (as added by 
        such section 10333) as section 340I; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:

             ``Subpart XIII--Frontline Health Care Services

``SEC. 340J. FRONTLINE PROVIDERS LOAN REPAYMENT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish and carry out a 
Frontline Providers Loan Repayment Program (in this section referred to 
as the `Loan Repayment Program') under which, pursuant to contracts in 
accordance with this section--
            ``(1) the Secretary agrees to make student loan repayments; 
        and
            ``(2) the individual agrees to serve as a health 
        professional for a period of full-time service of not less than 
        2 years at a health care facility serving a frontline care 
        scarcity area.
    ``(b) Eligibility.--To be eligible to participate in the Loan 
Repayment Program, an individual must--
            ``(1) submit an application to participate in the Loan 
        Repayment Program in such form and manner and at such time as 
        specified by the Secretary; and
            ``(2) sign and submit to the Secretary, at the time of 
        submittal of such application, a written contract (described in 
        subsection (d)).
    ``(c) Participation in Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--An individual becomes a participant in 
        the Loan Repayment Program only upon the approval of the 
        Secretary of the individual's application submitted under 
        subsection (b)(1) and the Secretary's acceptance of the 
        contract submitted by the individual under subsection (b)(2).
            ``(2) Preference.--In awarding contracts under this 
        section, the Secretary shall give preference to applicants who 
        have undertaken training or coursework in interdisciplinary 
        studies.
            ``(3) Recruitment for interdisciplinary programs.--The 
        Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) determine the frontline care scarcity areas 
                in which to place contract recipients under this 
                section; and
                    ``(B) in making such determination, give preference 
                to areas with a demonstrated program of 
                interdisciplinary health care, or with demonstrated 
                plans to initiate interdisciplinary approaches to 
                community health care.
            ``(4) Notice.--The Secretary shall provide written notice 
        to an individual promptly upon the Secretary's approving, under 
        paragraph (1), of the individual's participation in the Loan 
        Repayment Program.
    ``(d) Contract.--The contract described in this subsection is a 
written contract between the Secretary and an individual that 
contains--
            ``(1) an agreement that--
                    ``(A) the Secretary agrees to provide the 
                individual with student loan repayment (described in 
                subsection (e)) for a period of time as determined by 
                the Secretary, to pay off debts incurred during the 
                course of the study or program described in subsection 
                (g)(2)(B); and
                    ``(B) the individual agrees--
                            ``(i) to accept provision of such a student 
                        loan repayment to the individual; and
                            ``(ii) to provide frontline care services 
                        for a period of full-time service of not less 
                        than 2 years at a health care facility serving 
                        a frontline care scarcity area;
            ``(2) a provision that any financial obligation of the 
        United States arising out of a contract entered into under this 
        section and any obligation of the individual which is 
        conditioned thereon, is contingent upon funds being 
        appropriated for student loan repayment under this section;
            ``(3) a statement of the damages to which the United States 
        is entitled, under subsection (f), for the individual's breach 
        of the contract; and
            ``(4) such other statements as the Secretary deems 
        appropriate of the rights and liabilities of the Secretary and 
        of the individual, not inconsistent with the provisions of this 
        section.
    ``(e) Student Loan Repayment.--
            ``(1) Amount.--The amount of an annual student loan 
        repayment under this section on behalf of an individual shall 
        be determined by the Secretary, and shall take into 
        consideration the need to pay a sufficient amount to enable 
        recruiting of health care providers into the loan repayment 
        program under this section.
            ``(2) Payments directly to loan provider.--The Secretary 
        may contract with an individual's loan provider, for the 
        payment to the loan provider, on behalf of the individual, of 
        the amounts of a student loan repayment described in paragraph 
        (1).
    ``(f) Breach of Contract.--If an individual breaches a written 
contract under this section by failing to begin such individual's 
service obligation, or to complete such service obligation, the United 
States shall be entitled to recover from the individual an amount that 
is equal to the sum of--
            ``(1) the total amount which has been paid to the 
        individual, or on behalf of the individual, under the contract; 
        and
            ``(2) any amount of interest, as determined by the 
        Secretary.
    ``(g) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) The term `frontline care scarcity area' means an 
        area, population group, or facility that--
                    ``(A) is designated as a health professional 
                shortage area under section 332; or
                    ``(B) is designated by the State in which the area 
                is located as having a shortage of frontline care 
                services.
            ``(2) The term `frontline care services' means health care 
        services--
                    ``(A) in the field of general surgery, optometry, 
                ophthalmology, chiropractic, physical therapy, 
                audiology, speech language pathology, pharmacies, 
                public health, podiatric medicine, dietetics, 
                occupational therapy, general pediatrics, respiratory 
                therapy, medical technology, otolaryngology, or 
                radiologic technology; and
                    ``(B) provided by a general surgeon, optometrist, 
                ophthalmologist, chiropractor, physical therapist, 
                audiologist, speech language pathologist, pharmacist, 
                public health professional, podiatric physician, 
                registered dietician, occupational therapist, 
                pediatrician, respiratory therapist, medical 
                technologist, otolaryngologist, or radiologic 
                technologist who has completed an appropriate course of 
                study or program, offered by an accredited institution 
                of higher education in the United States.
    ``(h) Implementation.--The Secretary shall begin implementation of 
the loan repayment program under this section within 180 days of the 
date of the enactment of this section.''.
[A]: Access to Frontline Health Care Act of 2011 - Amends the Public Health Service Act to direct the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to establish and carry out a Frontline Providers Loan Repayment Program under which the Secretary agrees to make student loan repayments in exchange for a health professional providing frontline care services for two years in a frontline care scarcity area. Defines "frontline care services" as health care services in the fields of general surgery, optometry, ophthalmology, chiropractic, physical therapy, audiology, speech language pathology, pharmacies, public health, podiatric medicine, dietetics, occupational therapy, general pediatrics, respiratory therapy, medical technology, otolaryngology, or radiologic technology.


[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Preservation of Antibiotics for 
Human Treatment Act of 2002''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    The Congress finds as follows:
            (1) Several antibiotics and classes of antibiotics either 
        are used in or are related to antibiotics used in humans to 
        treat infectious diseases and are also routinely administered 
        to healthy agricultural animals, generally via feed or water, 
        in order to promote the animals' growth or to prevent disease. 
        Such uses do not require a veterinarian's prescription.
            (2) Mounting scientific evidence shows that this 
        nontherapeutic use of antibiotics in agricultural animals can 
        lead to development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that can 
        be transferred to people, making it harder to treat certain 
        infections.
            (3) In 1997 and in 2000, the World Health Organization 
        recommended that antibiotics used to treat humans should not 
        also be used to promote animal growth, although such 
        antibiotics could still be used to treat ill animals. Most 
        developed countries in the world, with the exception of the 
        United States and Canada, restrict the use of antimicrobials in 
        animal production systems for growth promotion.
            (4) In July 1998, the National Academy of Sciences, in a 
        report prepared at the request of the United States Department 
        of Agriculture and the Food and Drug Administration, concluded 
        ``there is a link between the use of antibiotics in food 
        animals, the development of bacterial resistance to these 
        drugs, and human disease''.
            (5) In July 1999, the European Union banned the use for 
        animal growth promotion of remaining human-use antibiotics 
        still in use to promote animal growth. Prior to that action, 
        individual European countries, including the United Kingdom, 
        Denmark, Finland, and Sweden, had banned the use in animal feed 
        of specific antibiotics.
            (6) In October 2000, the Food and Drug Administration 
        issued a notice announcing its intention to withdraw approvals 
        for use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in poultry, in light of 
        the fact that increased resistance to fluoroquinolones in 
        certain bacteria followed approval of those antibiotics for 
        such use in the mid-1990s. The Food and Drug Administration 
        concluded that ``the use of fluoroquinolones in poultry is a 
        significant cause of fluoroquinolone resistant infections in 
        humans.'' One manufacturer of such drugs is contesting FDA's 
        proposed withdrawal and continues to market its product. 
        Previous proceedings by FDA to withdraw approval of animal 
        drugs have taken substantial amounts of time following 
        initiation of formal action by FDA, including 6 years in one 
        instance and 20 in another.
            (7) In June 2001, the American Medical Association adopted 
        a resolution opposing nontherapeutic use of antimicrobials in 
        animal agriculture. Medical professional organizations that 
        have taken a similar position include the American College of 
        Preventive Medicine, the American Public Health Association, 
        and the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists.
            (8) In October 2001, the New England Journal of Medicine 
        published a guest editorial titled ``Antimicrobials in Animal 
        Feed--Time to Stop''. The editorial urged a ban on 
        nontherapeutic use in animals of medically important 
        antibiotics.
            (9) The National Academy of Sciences has found that 
        eliminating the use of antibiotics as feed additives would cost 
        each American consumer not more than $5 to $10 per year.
            (10) In January 2001, a Federal interagency task force on 
        antibiotic resistance concluded that ``drug-resistant pathogens 
        are a growing menace to all people, regardless of age, gender, 
        or socioeconomic background. If we do not act to address  the 
problem . . . [d]rug choices for the treatment of common infections 
will become increasingly limited and expensive--and, in some cases, 
nonexistent.''.
            (11) Scientific studies published in major peer-reviewed 
        research journals have shown that resistance traits can be 
        transferred among unrelated species of bacteria, including from 
        nonpathogens to pathogens.
            (12) Development of resistance to antibiotics could 
        significantly impair the ability of the United States to 
        respond effectively to a bioterrorist attack and is likely to 
        increase the casualties that result from such an attack.

SEC. 3. PRESERVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTIBIOTICS SUCH AS CIPRO.

    (a) Prohibiting the Use of Drugs Related to Cipro in Poultry.--
Section 512(a)(2) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 
U.S.C. 360b(a)(2)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(D) such drug is not a member of the fluoroquinolone 
        class of antimicrobial drugs, or if such drug is a member of 
        the fluoroquinolone class of antimicrobial drugs, the Secretary 
        shall have found, based on information submitted to the 
        Secretary by the sponsor of such drug, that there exists a 
        reasonable certainty of no harm to human health due to the 
        development of antimicrobial resistance that is attributable in 
        whole or in part to the use in animal feed of such drug.
``Nothing in subparagraph (D) shall be construed to affect an approval 
under this subsection for a drug of the fluoroquinolone class of 
antimicrobial drugs that is used in or for cattle.''.
    (b) Definition.--Section 201(w) of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321(w)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``(w) The term'' and inserting ``(w)(1) The 
        term''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(2) With respect to subparagraph (D) of section 512(a)(2) (and in 
provisions of this Act that refer to such subparagraph), the term 
`animal feed' shall include an article that is a fluid administered to 
animals other than man. Such term does not include fluids administered 
via hypodermic injection.''.

SEC. 4. REQUIRING PROOF OF SAFETY OF ANTIMICROBIAL NEW ANIMAL DRUGS.

    (a) Nontherapeutic Use; Applications Pending on or Submitted After 
Enactment.--Section 512(d)(1) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic 
Act (21 U.S.C. 360b(d)(1)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (H), by striking ``or'' at the end;
            (2) by redesignating subparagraph (I) as subparagraph (J);
            (3) by inserting after subparagraph (H) the following 
        subparagraph:
            ``(I) with respect to a critical antimicrobial drug or a 
        drug of the same chemical class as a critical antimicrobial 
        drug, the applicant has failed to demonstrate that there is a 
        reasonable certainty of no harm to human health due to the 
        development of antimicrobial resistance that is attributable, 
        in whole or in part, to the nontherapeutic use of such drug; 
        or''; and
            (4) in the matter after and below subparagraph (J) (as 
        redesignated by paragraph (2)), by striking ``(A) through (I)'' 
        and inserting ``(A) through (J)''.
    (b) Phased Elimination of Nontherapeutic Use in Animals of 
Antibiotics Important for Human Health.--Section 512 of the Federal 
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360b) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
    ``(q) With respect to the nontherapeutic use in an animal of--
            ``(1) a drug that is a critical antimicrobial drug; or
            ``(2) a drug that is of the same chemical class as a 
        critical antimicrobial drug;
for which, as of the day before the date of enactment of this 
subsection, there was in effect an approval of an application filed 
pursuant to subsection (b), the Secretary shall withdraw such approval 
on the date that is 2 years after the date of enactment of this 
subsection unless the Secretary, based on information submitted to the 
Secretary by the sponsor of such drug, has determined prior to the date 
that is 2 years after such date of enactment that there is a reasonable 
certainty of no harm to human health due to the development of 
antimicrobial resistance that is attributable in whole or in part to 
the nontherapeutic use of such drug.
    ``(r)(1) If the Secretary grants an exemption under section 505(i) 
or under section 351 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262) 
to a drug that is an antibiotic drug, the Secretary shall rescind each 
approval of a nontherapeutic use in an animal of such drug or of a drug 
in the same chemical class as such drug upon the expiration of the 2-
year period beginning on the date on which the Secretary grants the 
exemption, except as provided in paragraph (3).
    ``(2) If an application for an antibiotic drug is submitted to the 
Secretary under section 505(b) or under section 351 of the Public 
Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262), the Secretary shall rescind each 
approval of a nontherapeutic use in an animal of such drug or a drug in 
the same chemical class as such drug upon the expiration of the 2-year 
period beginning on the date on which the application is submitted to 
the Secretary, except as provided in paragraph (3).
    ``(3) Paragraph (1) or (2), as the case may be, applies unless, 
before the date on which approval would be rescinded under such 
paragraph, the Secretary determines that the holder of the approved 
application has demonstrated that there is a reasonable certainty of no 
harm to human health due to the development of antimicrobial resistance 
that is attributable, in whole or in part, to the nontherapeutic use in 
an animal of such drug.''.
    (c) Definitions.--Section 512 of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360b), as amended by subsection (b), is further 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(s) For purposes of this section, the term `nontherapeutic use', 
with respect to a critical antimicrobial drug, means any use of such 
drug in an animal in the absence of disease in such animal, including 
use for growth promotion, feed efficiency, or routine disease 
prevention.
    ``(t) For purposes of this section, the term `critical 
antimicrobial drug' means any drug that is--
            ``(1) intended for use in animals other than humans that 
        are--
                    ``(A) intended for use as, or to generate, food for 
                humans; or
                    ``(B) intended to breed or otherwise produce 
                animals described in subparagraph (A); and
            ``(2)(A) composed wholly or partly of any kind of 
        penicillin, tetracycline, bacitracin, macrolide, lincomycin, 
        streptogramin, aminoglycoside, sulfonamide; or
            ``(B) any other drug or derivative thereof that is used in 
        humans or intended for use in humans to inhibit or destroy 
        micro-organisms.''.

SEC. 5. ASSISTANCE TO DEFRAY FARMERS' EXPENSES IN PHASING OUT 
              NONTHERAPEUTIC USE OF MEDICALLY IMPORTANT ANTIBIOTICS; 
              PREFERENCE FOR FAMILY FARMS.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Agriculture may make payments to 
producers of livestock or poultry who the Secretary determines are 
substantially reducing, or have substantially reduced, the 
nontherapeutic use of critical antimicrobial drugs in livestock or 
poultry in order to defray the costs of such reduction.
    (b) Definition.--In this section the terms ``critical antimicrobial 
drug'' and ``nontherapeutic use'' have the meanings given such terms in 
section 512(s) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (as amended 
by this Act).
    (c) Priority for Family Farmers.--In awarding payments under 
subsection (a), the Secretary of Agriculture shall give priority to 
family-owned and family-operated farms or ranches.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section 
for fiscal year 2003 and for each subsequent fiscal year.
[A]:
Preservation of Antibiotics for Human Treatment Act of 2002 - Amends the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to deem unsafe animal feed containing a new animal drug which is a member of the fluoroquinolone class of antimicrobial drugs, unless the Secretary of Health and Human Services receives information from the drug's sponsor that there exists a reasonable certainty of no harm to human health due to the development of antimicrobial resistance attributable to the use of such drug in animal feed.Requires the Secretary to withdraw or rescind approval of previously approved drugs that are either critical antimicrobial drugs or in the same chemical class as critical antimicrobial drugs, unless the Secretary receives information from the drug's sponsor that there exists a reasonable certainty of no harm to human health due to the development of antimicrobial resistance attributable to the use of such drug in animal feed.Authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to make payments to producers of livestock or poultry who have reduced or are substantially reducing the nontherapeutic use of critical antimicrobial drugs.