Given a disfluent sentence, modify the sentence to it to its equivalent fluent form, preserving the meaning of the sentence.

[Q]: Who were later, no who were later Yuan emperors isolated with?
[A]:  Who were later Yuan emperors isolated with?


[Q]: What are two methods for identifying birefringence in the lab, oh actually, identifying plane-polarized light?
[A]: What are two methods for identifying plane-polarized light in the lab?


[Q]: How much or over how many studies have shown that violence is less common in societies with income differences?
[A]:
Over how many studies have shown that violence is less common in societies with income differences?