Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[EX Q]: Sprague and Tatum (1942) introduced the concepts of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) to evaluate the breeding parents and F1 hybrid performance, respectively. Since then, the GCA was widely used in cross breeding for elite parent selection. However, the molecular basis of GCA remains to unknown.', 'We studied the transcriptomes of three varieties and three\xa0F1 hybrids using RNA-Sequencing. Transcriptome sequence analysis revealed that the transcriptome profiles of the F1s were similar to the positive GCA-effect parent. Moreover, the expression levels of most differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were equal to the parent with a positive GCA effect. Analysis of the gene expression patterns of gibberellic acid (GA) and flowering time pathways that determine plant height and flowering time in rice validated the preferential transcriptome expression of the parents with positive GCA effect. Furthermore, H3K36me3 modification bias in the Pseudo-Response Regulators (PRR) gene family was observed in the positive GCA effect parents and demonstrated that the phenotype and transcriptome bias in the positive GCA effect parents have been epigenetically regulated by either global modification or specific signaling pathways in rice.
[EX A]: Is the phenotypic predisposition of the parent in F1 hybrid correlated with transcriptome preference of the positive general combining ability parent?

[EX Q]: Nanoparticles (NPs) in contact with biological fluids become covered by a tightly bound layer of proteins, the "protein corona", and it is largely accepted that this corona gives a new identity to NPs in biological milieu. We here consider the exposing scenario of NPs through an environmental route exemplified by the use of hydrophobins, highly adhesive proteins that are secreted into the environment in large quantities by fungi. HFBII of Trichoderma reesei has been used as a model protein and we have shown strong binding to polystyrene NPs of different sizes and surface groups. Hydrophobin coated NPs are shown to strongly increase the stability and the dispersion when exposed to human plasma compared to pristine ones particles. It is also shown that the presence of hydrophobin on the NPs results in an attenuated protein corona formation, in a different corona composition, and we also show that hydrophobin remained strongly associated to the NPs in competition with plasma proteins. As a conclusion we therefore suggest that the route of exposure of nanoparticles strongly affects their surface properties and their possible physiological behavior.
[EX A]: Does an environmental route of exposure affect the formation of nanoparticle coronas in blood plasma?

[EX Q]: Although matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity increases, endothelial function decreases after myocardial infarction (MI). The antibiotic doxycycline inhibits MMP activity in vitro. The role of doxycycline-mediated MMP inhibition in endothelial function is unclear.', 'Doxycycline ameliorates endothelial dysfunction, in part, by inhibiting MMP activity.', 'We subjected Sprague-Dawley male rats to MI by ligating the left anterior descending arteries. We subjected another group of rats to sham surgery. We administered doxycycline in drinking water (0.67 mg/ml) to both groups 2 days before surgery: the sham group underwent sham surgery and received doxycycline therapy, and the MI group underwent MI and received doxycycline therapy (n = 6 in each group). After 4 weeks, we anesthetized rats and prepared left ventricular rings from infarcted-ischemic (I), non-infarcted near-infarcted (NI), and sham surgery hearts with and without doxycycline treatment.', 'The MMP-2 activity increased significantly in I and NI hearts, and we observed a selective increase in MMP-9 activity only in I hearts, when compared with other groups (p < 0.05), measured by zymography. Cardiac inhibitor of metalloproteinase decreased only in I hearts (p < 0.05 vs other groups), measured by Western analysis, and doxycycline treatment reversed this decrease. Contractile response of rings to acetylcholine was attenuated in the I group, suggesting nitric oxide-mediated dysfunction, and was reversed by doxycycline. The response to nitroprusside was attenuated in I hearts and ameliorated by doxycycline, suggesting cardiomyocyte dysfunction. Bradykinin induced relaxation in rings from sham surgery hearts and from NI hearts, but induced paradoxic contraction in rings from I hearts. Treatment with doxycycline reversed the paradoxic contraction.
[EX A]:
Does doxycycline ameliorate ischemic and border-zone remodeling and endothelial dysfunction after myocardial infarction in rats?