TASK DEFINITION: Convert a disfluent question to a proper question. A disfluent question is a question that has some interruptions in it while framing. A proper question is the correct form of the question without any disfluency.
PROBLEM: When was the um no in what year was Scott and Duncan's research published?

SOLUTION: In what year was Scott and Duncan's research published?

PROBLEM: Who runs the University of Chicago no scratch that who governs the University of Zimmer?

SOLUTION: Who governs the University of Zimmer?

PROBLEM: What co-receptor actually no I mean what allows ions, water and toxins to exit the target cell's membrane?

SOLUTION:
What allows ions, water and toxins to exit the target cell's membrane?