In this task your given two statements in Italian. You must judge whether the second sentence is the cause or effect of the first one. Label the instances as "cause" or "effect" based on your judgment. The sentences are separated by a newline character.
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Question: L'uomo ha perso l'equilibrio sullo sgabello.
Lo sgabello traballava sotto di lui.

Answer: cause


Question: L'uomo aveva perso la gara.
La competizione era stata sabotata.

Answer: cause


Question: La donna calpestò le fiamme.
Le fiamme si spensero.

Answer:
effect