Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Input: Consider Input: To examine the direct effect of high glucose levels on primary cultured human retinal capillary endothelial cells (HRCEC).', 'HRCECs were isolated from donated eyes and cultured for 6 days in the media containing 5 or 25 mmol/L glucose. The cell viability was determined by trypan blue exclusion assay and cell cycle analyzed by flow cytometry, with the cell apoptosis assayed by TUNEL method.', 'The cell viability was significantly decreased after exposure to 25 mmol/L glucose, and the number of apoptotic cells determined by flow cytometry and TUNEL was significantly increased in response to high-dose glucose treatment.

Output: 1


Input: Consider Input: It has been suggested that genes related to Amerindian ancestry account for the high prevalence of gallstone disease (GD) observed in Mexican-Americans. The HLA-B39 is an allele found in higher frequency in Amerindians whereas HLA-B15 is rarely found. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that gallstone susceptibility genes are more prevalent in Mexicans with recent Amerindian ancestry.', 'We carried out a prospective case-controlled study. Subjects were divided into those who had stones visible on gallbladder ultrasound (cases), and those whose ultrasounds were negative for gallstones (controls). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated, and serum lipids and lipoprotein, and glucose levels were measured. Class I HLA (HLA-B) typing was performed by PCR amplification of genomic DNA.', 'Of the 1,101 subjects, 146 were classified as subjects with GD (cases) and 955 as subjects without GD (controls). Mean age of the cases was 53.5 +/- 12.5 yr versus 44.78 +/- 12.0 yr for the controls, p= 0.001. A family history of GD was observed in 48% of the cases versus 28.4% of the controls, p= 0.001. HLA-B39 was more frequently increased in GD subjects (0.162), compared with controls (0.063), p= 0.008. The odds ratio of having HLA-B39 was 2.8 and 95% (CI 95%= 1.3-6.3) for GD; HLA-B15 was more frequently increased in controls than in cases.

Output: 0


Input: Consider Input: To investigate the effect of therapeutic hypothermia in the prognostic value of the pituitary-adrenal axis in comatose patients after cardiac arrest.', 'Prospective observational study in intensive care units (ICU) of a university and an affiliated regional hospital.', 'Twenty-nine consecutive patients, in coma after cardiac arrest, admitted to the ICU and treated by hypothermia.', 'On ICU-admission (T=1), at reaching the target of 32-33 degrees C during therapeutic hypothermia (T=2), at the end of hypothermia (T=3) and 48h later (T=4), plasma adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), serum cortisol, albumin and corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) were measured. A short 250 microg ACTH test was performed at each time-point, except at T=1. The free cortisol index (FCI) and free cortisol calculated by Coolens method were also evaluated.', 'The ICU mortality was 59%, including withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment in 45% because of negative somatosensory evoked potentials. ACTH and (free) cortisol levels (mean 13.1 pmol/L vs. 6.0 pmol/L and 1250 nmol/L vs. 596 nmol/L, respectively) were higher in non-survivors than in survivors. Levels decreased in time, but the relative difference between outcome groups was maintained until T=4. The cortisol response to ACTH was lower in non-survivors at T=3 (P=0.047) only.


Output: 1