Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[Q]: Context: To investigate the early stages in the formation of bony spurs in relation to normal enthesis development.', "Histologic sections of rat Achilles tendons, stained with toluidine blue or Masson's trichrome, were examined in animals ranging from 2 weeks to 1 year of age. Further material prepared for immunohistochemistry was labeled with monoclonal antibodies for laminin and type IV collagen to highlight the presence of small blood vessels at the enthesis. Sections of small spurs from the Achilles tendons of elderly humans were also examined for comparison.", 'As a part of normal development, bone grows into the Achilles tendon as the calcaneus enlarges. Ossification is preceded by vascular invasion, which occurs along rows of enthesis fibrocartilage cells. Small bony spurs develop when ossification at one point on the enthesis outstrips that on either side.
Answer: Bony spurs can develop in the Achilles tendon without the need for preceding microtears or any inflammatory reaction, and they form by endochondral ossification of enthesis fibrocartilage. The increased surface area created at the tendon-bone junction may be an adaptive mechanism to ensure the integrity of the interface in response to increased mechanical loads.
[A]: Does the mechanism of formation of bony spur ( enthesophytes ) in the achilles tendon?


[Q]: Context: There are few studies of quality interventions to mitigate the risk of transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO). Our aim was to reduce TACO risk in patients admitted to internal medicine at our hospital, by addressing gaps in transfusion practice.', 'A 3-month baseline audit of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion orders was conducted. An intervention consisting of a transfusion order set and physician checklist was developed and implemented based on identified gaps, followed by a 3-month post-intervention audit. Compliance with appropriateness criteria for RBC transfusion was ascertained, along with documentation of transfusion rate, diuretic usage and consent.', 'A total of 97 transfusion orders from 68 inpatients and 95 orders from 62 inpatients were audited in the baseline and post-intervention groups, respectively. Compliance with appropriateness criteria was similar pre- and post-intervention (87 versus 85%, P = 0·81). Specification of transfusion rate improved (84 versus 98%, P < 0·01), and diuretics were appropriately ordered more frequently for patients with TACO risk factors (37 versus 64%, P < 0·01). Timing of diuretics shifted from between or post-transfusion to pre-transfusion (35 versus 86%, P < 0·01), without increases in hypokalemia or acute kidney injury. No case of TACO was observed during the study. Documentation of specific risks discussed during consent discussion improved (4 versus 23%, P < 0·01).
Answer: A checklist and order set are tools that can improve the quality of transfusion orders by increasing the judicious use of pre-transfusion diuretics and augmenting the specification of transfusion rate. These interventions could be adapted to electronic order formats to improve transfusion safety.
[A]: Do an order set and checklist improve physician transfusion ordering practices to mitigate the risk of transfusion-associated circulatory overload?


[Q]: Context: Fatigue contributes directly to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury via promotion of high risk biomechanics. The potential for central fatigue to dominate this process, however, remains unclear. With centrally mediated movement behaviors being trainable, establishing this link seems critical for improved injury prevention. We thus determined whether fatigue-induced landing biomechanics were governed by a centrally fatiguing mechanism.', 'Twenty female NCAA athletes had initial contact (IC) and peak stance (PS) three-dimensional hip and knee biomechanics quantified during anticipated and unanticipated single-leg landings, before and during unilateral fatigue accumulation. To induce fatigue, subjects performed repetitive (n = 3) single-leg squats and randomly ordered landings, until squats were no longer possible. Subject-based dependent factors were calculated across prefatigue trials and for those denoting 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% fatigue and were submitted to three-way mixed-design analyses of covariance to test for decision, fatigue time, and limb effects.', 'Fatigue produced significant (P < 0.01) decreases in IC knee flexion angle and PS knee flexion moment and increases in PS hip internal rotation and knee abduction angles and moments, with differences maintained from 50% fatigue through to maximum. Fatigue-induced increases in PS hip internal rotation angles and PS knee abduction angles and loads were also significantly (P < 0.01) greater during unanticipated landings. Apart from PS hip moments, significant limb differences in fatigued landing biomechanics were not observed.
Answer: Unilateral fatigue induces a fatigue crossover to the contralateral limb during single-leg landings. Central fatigue thus seems to be a critical component of fatigue-induced sports landing strategies. Hence, targeted training of central control processes may be necessary to counter successfully the debilitative impact of fatigue on ACL injury risk.
[A]:
Does fatigue-induced ACL injury risk stem from a degradation in central control?