In this task, you are given a sentence or phrase in Xhosa. You must translate it to English in a way that is equivalent in terms of meaning and grammatically correct.

Q: Kumele ukuthatyathwa kumzekelo oqinileyo. [DMSO]

A: represent an abstraction by a concrete instance. [DMSO]
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Q: Ukongeza kwizikhongozeli eziphatha kwiziphatho kuyimfuneko ukuphatha umaleko oliqela kumgangatho.

A: In addition to the containers carried in the holds it is therefore necessary to carry several layers on deck.
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Q: 1. Iceba lomthi elibekwe bubanzi ngezantsi kwenqanawe, umphezulu walo ubotshelelwe kumacala enqanawe phezu kwamanzi. 2. Iceba lomthi eligobileyo, elinceda njengesiqingatha sesiqu senqananwe, ukuncedisa umgangatho apho imingxuma yesiqu senqanawe ingakwaziyo ukwenzeka.

A:
1. Pieces of timber fixed on the bilge-ways, their upper ends being bolted to the vessel's sides above the water. 2. Curved pieces of timber, serving as half beams, to support the decks where whole beams cannot be placed.
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