In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

[Q]: Context: Evidence of attack-related cognitive dysfunction in migraine is growing. Controversy exists on whether cognitive dysfunction, mainly executive, may persist between attacks. Measuring the impact of cognitive function is gaining importance in clinical and research settings in migraine.', 'To compare the performance of interictal migraine patients to controls in an assembled neuropsychological battery focused on executive functions and to study the practice effect of its repeated applications.', 'Assembly of the battery that was then applied twice within 6\xa0weeks to interictal migraineurs and matched healthy controls.', 'Migraine patients (n\xa0=\xa024) and controls (n\xa0=\xa024) had similar performance in both applications of the battery. There was a slight practice effect between the first and second evaluation, significant in Stroop Interference test (P\xa0=\xa00.002, multiplicity corrected); a meaningful score change was determined for each raw test scores.\Question: Is sequential brief neuropsychological evaluation of migraineurs identical to controls?
[A]: Interictal migraineurs and controls performance is identical in a brief cognitive battery focused on executive functions. Repeated applications produced a practice effect that was quantified.


[Q]: Context: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) as important human pathogens are causes of nosocomial infections worldwide. Burn patients are at a higher risk of local and systemic infections with these microorganisms.', 'A screening method for MRSA by using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), mecA, and nuc genes was developed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of this PCR assay for the detection of MRSA strains in samples from burn patients.', 'During an 11-month period, 230 isolates (53.11%) of Staphylococcus spp. were collected from burn patients. The isolates were identified as S. aureus by using standard culture and biochemical tests. DNA was extracted from bacterial colonies and multiplex PCR was used to detect MRSA and MRCoNS strains.', 'Of the staphylococci isolates, 149 (64.9%) were identified as S. aureus and 81 (35.21%) were described as CoNS. Among the latter, 51 (62.97%) were reported to be MRCoNS. From the total S. aureus isolates, 132 (88.6%) were detected as MRSA and 17 (11.4%) were methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA). The presence of the mecA gene in all isolates was confirmed by using multiplex PCR as a gold standard method.\Question: Do identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA ) strains isolated from burn patients by multiplex PCR?
[A]: This study presented a high MRSA rate in the region under investigation. The 16S rRNA-mecA-nuc multiplex PCR is a good tool for the rapid characterization of MRSA strains. This paper emphasizes the need for preventive measures and choosing effective antimicrobials against MRSA and MRCoNS infections in the burn units.


[Q]: Context: Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) identifies the microvascular hallmarks of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and may play a pivotal role in the associated vasculopathy. The aim of the present study was to compare NVC alterations with clinical subsets, internal organ involvement, and serum VEGF levels in a cohort of selected SSc cases.', 'We studied 44 patients with SSc who were evaluated within 3\xa0months from enrollment by NVC, skin score, severity index, pulmonary function tests, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO), echocardiography, pulmonary high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), gastroesophageal (GE) endoscopy or manometry or X-ray, and serum autoantibodies. Serum VEGF-A levels were determined by ELISA in 72 SSc patients and 31 healthy controls.', 'Giant capillaries were inversely correlated with age (p\xa0=\xa00.034, r\xa0=\xa0-0.34) and to the extent of reticular pattern at HRCT (p\xa0=\xa00.04, r\xa0=\xa0-0.5). Avascular areas were directly correlated with capillaroscopy skin ulcer risk index (CSURI) (p\xa0=\xa00.006, r\xa0=\xa0+0.4) and severity index (p\xa0=\xa00.004, r\xa0=\xa0+0.5). The mean capillary density was directly correlated to the ulcer number (p\xa0=\xa00.02, r\xa0=\xa0+0.4) and to DLCO/alveolar volume (p\xa0=\xa00.02, r\xa0=\xa0+0.4) and inversely correlated with severity index (p\xa0=\xa00.01, r\xa0=\xa0-0.4) and skin score (p\xa0=\xa00.02, r\xa0=\xa0-0.4). Serum VEGF levels were higher in the SSc population vs controls (p\xa0=\xa00.03) and inversely correlated with DLCO (p\xa0=\xa00.01, r\xa0=-0.4) and directly with ground-glass and reticular pattern at HRCT (p\xa0=\xa00.04, r\xa0=\xa0+0.4 for both).\Question: Are nailfold videocapillaroscopy and serum VEGF levels in scleroderma associated with internal organ involvement?
[A]:
Our data suggest the importance of NVC not only for the diagnosis, but also for the global evaluation of SSc patients. Of note, serum VEGF levels may act as a biomarker of interstitial lung involvement.