In this task, you are given a set of context paragraphs, some supporting facts and an answer of a question. Your task is to generate question for given answer based on set of context paragraphs, supporting facts and an answer.
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Question: Context_1 : Julius Ashkin (August 23, 1920 – June 4, 1982) was a leader in experimental and theoretical physics known for furthering the evolution of particle physics from nuclear physics. As a theoretical physicist he made contributions in the fields of statistical mechanics, solid state physics, nuclear physics, and elementary particle physics. As an experimental physicist his main contributions concerned the passage of certain particles (pi-mesons, or pions) through solid matter and their subsequent decay. He was recognized for the quality of his research and teaching. Context_2 : Harish Chandra Verma (born 3 April 1952) is an Indian experimental physicist and a retired professor at the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur since 1994. His field of research is nuclear physics. Context_3 : Robert Graham Hamish Robertson (born 3 October 1943 in Ottawa) is a Canadian experimental physicist. He is the "Boeing Distinguished Professor" for physics at the University of Washington and director of the University of Washington's Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics. His specialty is neutrino physics. Context_4 : Girsh Blumberg is an Estonian-American experimental physicist working in the field of experimental condensed matter physics, spectroscopy, nano-optics, and plasmonics. Blumberg is also a fellow at the American Physical Society and Professor of Physics at Rutgers University. Context_5 : Duncan G. Steel (born 1951) is an American experimental physicist, researcher and professor in quantum optics in condensed matter physics. He is the Robert J. Hiller Professor of Electrical Engineering, Professor of Physics, Professor of Biophysics, and Research Professor in the Institute of Gerontology at the University of Michigan. Steel is also a Guggenheim Scholar and a Fellow of American Physical Society, the Optical Society of America, and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. He coedited the five-volume series on the Encyclopedia of Modern Optics. Context_6 : Concepts of Physics is a calculus-based physics textbook by H. C. Verma. The book was first published in 1992. It is published as a two-volume set, with each volume roughly covering the physics syllabus of class XI and class XII respectively. The book is extensively popular amongst students preparing for competitive exams, especially the Joint Entrance Examination. Context_7 : Rappal Sangameswara Iyer Krishnan (23 September 1911 – 2 October 1999) was an Indian experimental physicist and scientist. He was the Head of the department of Physics at the Indian Institute of Science and the vice chancellor of the University of Kerala. He is known for his pioneering researches on colloid optics and a discovery which is now known as "Krishnan Effect". He was a Fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy and the Institute of Physics, London and a recipient of the C. V. Raman Prize. Context_8 : Wilhelm Hanle (13 January 1901 – 29 April 1993, Gießen) was a German experimental physicist. He is known for the Hanle effect. During World War II, he made contributions to the German nuclear energy project, also known as the Uranium Club. From 1941 until "emeritus" status in 1969, he was an ordinarius professor of experimental physics and held the chair of physics at the University of Giessen. Context_9 : Johannes Wilhelm Heinrich Juilfs, also known by the alias Mathias Jules, (15 December 1911 – 1995) was a German theoretical and experimental physicist. He was a member of the "Sturmabteilung" (SA) and then, in 1933, of the "Schutzstaffel" (SS). Prior to World War II, he was one of three SS staff physicists who investigated the physicist Werner Heisenberg during the Heisenberg Affair, instigated, in part, by the ideological "deutsche Physik" (German physics) movement. During the war, he worked as a theoretical physics assistant at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics. During the denazification process after World War II, he was banned from working as a civil servant in academia. For a few years, he worked as a school principal, and then he took a job as a physicist in the textile industry. With the help of Heisenberg and the Minister of Lower Saxony, he was able to become a full professor at the University of Hanover. Context_10 : Chien-Shiung Wu (; May 31, 1912 – February 16, 1997) was a Chinese-American experimental physicist who made significant contributions in the field of nuclear physics. Wu worked on the Manhattan Project, where she helped develop the process for separating uranium metal into uranium-235 and uranium-238 isotopes by gaseous diffusion. She is best known for conducting the Wu experiment, which contradicted the hypothetical law of conservation of parity. This discovery resulted in her colleagues Tsung-Dao Lee and Chen-Ning Yang winning the 1957 Nobel Prize in physics, and also earned Wu the inaugural Wolf Prize in Physics a mere two decades later in 1978. Her expertise in experimental physics evoked comparisons to Marie Curie. Her nicknames include "the First Lady of Physics", "the Chinese Madame Curie", and the "Queen of Nuclear Research". fact_1 : Concepts of Physics is a calculus-based physics textbook by H. C. Verma. fact_2 : Harish Chandra Verma (born 3 April 1952) is an Indian experimental physicist and a retired professor at the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur since 1994. Answer: 3 April 1952

Answer: What is the birthdate of this Indian experimental physicist and retired professor, who wrote Concepts of Physics?


Question: Context_1 : Elmer "Kid Violent" Ray (March 3, 1911 – May 20, 1987) was an American heavyweight boxer who fought from 1926 to 1949. He was born in Federal Point, Florida. Ray was known as a hard puncher and had a career record of 86 (with 70 knockouts)-13-1. Ray never fought for the title, but did fight future heavyweight champions Ezzard Charles and Jersey Joe Walcott. In three fights with Walcott, Ray suffered a three round knockout on September 25, 1937, rebounded to outpoint Walcott on November 15, 1946, and lost the third fight by decision (April 3, 1947). He defeated Charles on a split decision on July 25, 1947, but was knocked out in the 9th round of their rematch on May 7, 1948. He also boxed light heavyweight champion John Henry Lewis, but was stopped in the 12th round on May 19, 1938. In 2003, Ray made the Ring Magazine's list of 100 greatest punchers of all-time at number 44. Context_2 : Lucien H. Kerr (May 4, 1831 – October 31, 1873) was an American politician and soldier from Ohio. Coming with his family to Peoria County, Illinois, Kerr studied law but enlisted in the Union Army before getting the chance to practice. He rose to lead the 11th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Cavalry until he was mustered out in 1864. Upon his return to Peoria, Kerr practiced law. He served one two-year term in the Illinois Senate, then was defeated in a re-election bid. He died the next year from an injury from a hunting accident. Context_3 : Charles Harting Percy (September 27, 1919 – September 17, 2011), known as Chuck Percy, was an American businessman and politician. He was president of the Bell & Howell Corporation from 1949 to 1964. In 1966, he was elected to the United States Senate from Illinois as a Republican; he served for three terms (18 years) until 1985, when he was defeated by Paul Simon. He was mentioned as a GOP presidential hopeful from 1968 through 1988. During his Senate career, Percy concentrated on business and foreign relations. Context_4 : Paul Martin Simon (November 29, 1928 – December 9, 2003) was an American politician from Illinois. He served in the United States House of Representatives from 1975 to 1985, and in the United States Senate from 1985 to 1997. A member of the Democratic Party, he unsuccessfully ran for the 1988 Democratic presidential nomination. Context_5 : Joseph Herbert Gander (1888 – 22 November 1954) was an Australian politician. Born in Dubbo, New South Wales, Australia, he received a primary education before becoming a billiardmaker and public servant. He was involved in local politics in Sydney, being elected to Newtown Council. In 1931, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the member for Reid, a member of the Lang Labor party; he defeated Percy Coleman, the Labor member. When, in 1936, the Lang Labor members rejoined the Labor party, Gander was one of them. However, in 1940, the Labor Party split again, and Gander was among the members to join the Langite Australian Labor Party (Non-Communist). However, he was defeated in the election of that year by the federal Labor candidate, Charles Morgan, and retired from politics, returning to public service. Gander died in 1954. Context_6 : Redbad (alt. Radbod, Raedbed) (died 719) was the king (or duke) of Frisia from c. 680 until his death. He is often considered the last independent ruler of Frisia before Frankish domination. He defeated Charles Martel at Cologne. Eventually, however, Charles prevailed and compelled the Frisians to submit. Redbad died in 719, but for some years his successors struggled against the Frankish power. Context_7 : Archibald Alexander Glenn (January 30, 1819 – May 21, 1901) was an American politician from Kentucky. Raised in Indiana, Glenn's father died when he was thirteen and Glenn had to provide for his family. In 1837, he moved to Illinois where he learned the printing trade and became a publisher. He campaigned for Henry Clay in 1844 then became a prominent politician in Brown County, Illinois. He was elected to the Illinois Senate in 1872 and was named its president two years later; this made him the acting Lieutenant Governor of Illinois. After his term, he moved to Wichita, Kansas where he held several political positions. Context_8 : Alonzo K. Vickers (September 25, 1853 – January 21, 1915) was an American politician and jurist from Illinois. Vickers received a basic public education and assisted on the family farm as a youth. He later taught in schools and studied law in Metropolis, Illinois. Upon admission to the bar, Vickers practiced in and around Vienna, Illinois, also serving as that city's attorney. He served one term in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1886 to 1888. In 1891, he was elected to the 1st Illinois circuit court, practicing there for eleven years until elevation to the Illinois Appellate Court. In 1906, Vickers was elected to the Supreme Court of Illinois. He died before completing his nine-year term. Context_9 : Robin Lynne Kelly (born April 30, 1956) is an American politician from Illinois who has served as the U.S. Representative for Illinois 's 2 congressional district since 2013. A member of the Democratic Party, Kelly served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 2003-07. She then served as chief of staff for Illinois State Treasurer Alexi Giannoulias until 2010. She was the 2010 Democratic nominee for State Treasurer, but was defeated in the general election. Prior to running for Congress, Kelly served as the Cook County Chief Administrative Officer. Context_10 : Charles K. Carpenter (born in 1872 in Illinois, died in 1948) was a prominent minister in northern Illinois and a charter member of the Illinois State Academy of Science. During his years of service as a minister, his avocation was recording observations of nature and preparing study skins and life mounts of animals of the region. After his retirement from the church in 1940, he organized his collections and observations into the Northern Illinois Museum of Natural History, which he maintained at his home in Baileyville, Ogle County, Illinois. After his death in 1948, most of his life mounts were given to a high school, where they remained until 1983 when they were donated to the Illinois State Museum. Many of his bird study skins, egg sets, and photographs were given to Cornell College in Mount Vernon, Iowa; in 1985-1986 these were transferred to the Illinois State Museum. Among his specimens was a life mount of a (now extinct) passenger pigeon, "Ectopistes migratorius" (Linnaeus, 1766), collected by his father, Edwin A. Carpenter (born in 1846 in Pennsylvania, died in 1919 in Illinois). This specimen is one of only 19 complete and 7 partial skeleton specimens of passenger pigeons known to exist in museum collections. fact_1 : Charles Harting Percy (September 27, 1919 – September 17, 2011), known as Chuck Percy, was an American businessman and politician. fact_2 :  In 1966, he was elected to the United States Senate from Illinois as a Republican; he served for three terms (18 years) until 1985, when he was defeated by Paul Simon. fact_3 : Paul Martin Simon (November 29, 1928 – December 9, 2003) was an American politician from Illinois. Answer: December 9, 2003

Answer: When was the American politician from Illinois died who defeated Charles Harting Percy in 1985?


Question: Context_1 : Continuum is a West Palm Beach satellite art fair extension created by ATB Fine Art in partnership with Art Palm Beach Next Level Fairs. Continuum is held each year during Art Palm Beach Week (January 22–25). Art Palm Beach Week’s programming attracts more than 28,000 people to Palm Beach County each year. Context_2 : Urban Beach Week is a hip-hop festival held in Miami's South Beach over the Memorial Day weekend since the 1990s. Urban Beach Week has been likened to a de facto continuation of Freaknik's cultural activities. The event has become known for its over-the-top parties and fashions. Context_3 : Morgan Stone was a pioneer in the mainstream growth of the Action Sports. By the age of 25, he had co-created/produced Paved New World the first action sports and music lifestyle series that aired on ESPN, and the created one of the first multi-sport half-pipe tour for Six Flags during their annual spring break out, called Dare to Air featuring such stars as Tony Hawk and Dave Mirra, in 1993 and 1994, for McCann Erickson. Context_4 : Freaknik was an annual spring break meeting in Atlanta, Georgia, primarily of students from historically black colleges and universities. Begun in 1983 as a small picnic near the Atlanta University Center, it was initially sponsored by the DC Metro Club and was typically held during the third weekend in April to coincide with the schools of the Atlanta University Center's Reading Day. The event increased in size and popularity in the 1990s with dancing, drinking, parties, a basketball tournament, rap sessions, a film festival and a job fair. Context_5 : An urban beach; or city beach and sometimes beach club, is defined by urban planners as an artificially-created environment in an urban setting which simulates a public beachfront, through the use of sand, beach umbrellas, and seating elements. It does not include swimming or any sort of natural sloping shoreline into the water (i.e., it is not a natural beach that happens to be in an urban area). The very point of the urban beach is to surprise and delight city residents, workers, and visitors by inserting a beach atmosphere into an urban area that would otherwise be typical cityscape. Context_6 : Where the Boys Are (1960) is a Metrocolor and CinemaScope American coming-of-age comedy film, written by George Wells based on the novel of the same name by Glendon Swarthout, about four Midwestern college co-eds who spend spring break in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The title song "Where the Boys Are" was sung by Connie Francis, who also co-starred in a supporting role. The film was aimed at the teen market, featuring sun, sand and romance. Released in the wintertime, it inspired thousands of additional American college students to head to Fort Lauderdale for their annual spring break. Context_7 : Marina Beach is a natural urban beach in the city of Chennai, India, along the Bay of Bengal. The beach runs from near Fort St. George in the north to Foreshore Estate in the south, a distance of 6.45 km , making it the longest natural urban beach in the country and one of the world's longest beach ranking with 1. The Marina is primarily sandy, unlike the short, rocky formations that make up the Juhu Beach in Mumbai. The average width of the beach is 300 m and the width at the widest stretch is 437 m . Bathing and swimming at the Marina Beach are legally prohibited because of the dangers, as the undercurrent is very turbulent. It is one of the most crowded beaches in the country and attracts about 30,000 visitors a day during weekdays and 50,000 visitors a day during the weekends and on holidays. During summer months, about 15,000 to 20,000 people visit the beach daily. Context_8 : Spring Break Challenge is a one-off MTV reality game show spun off from MTV's long-running reality game show, "The Challenge". The spin-off series was somewhat cast-contestant dependent on "The Challenge" in that the "Spring Break Challenge" used various contestants from the precursor program. (To date, "The Challenge" has only used one contestant from "Spring Break Challenge".) "Spring Break Challenge" is also cast-contestant dependent on MTV's two flagship reality programs, "The Real World" and the now cancelled series "Road Rules". As with "The Challenge", T. J. Lavin was the host of "Spring Break Challenge". Context_9 : Spring break is a vacational period in early Spring at universities and schools which started during the 1930s in the United States and is observed in some other mainly Western countries. Spring break is also a phenomenon dominated by extensive gatherings and riotous partying in warm climate locations such as Daytona Beach, Florida and Cancun, Mexico, attended regardless of participants' educational standings. Context_10 : Spring Break…Checkin' Out is the seventh extended play (EP) from American country music artist Luke Bryan. It was released on March 10, 2015, by Capitol Nashville as the last entry in Bryan's "Spring Break" collection. The EP is available in a full version, featuring five new tracks ("My Ol' Bronco", "Games", "Spring Breakdown", "Checkin' Out", "You and the Beach") in addition to the six from previous EP "Spring Break 6...Like We Ain't Ever" (2014), or a 5-song version, featuring only the new tracks. fact_1 :  Urban Beach Week has been likened to a de facto continuation of Freaknik's cultural activities. fact_2 : Freaknik was an annual spring break meeting in Atlanta, Georgia, primarily of students from historically black colleges and universities. fact_3 :  Begun in 1983 as a small picnic near the Atlanta University Center, it was initially sponsored by the DC Metro Club and was typically held during the third weekend in April to coincide with the schools of the Atlanta University Center's Reading Day. Answer: Atlanta University Center

Answer:
Urban Beach Week has been likened to a continuation of an annual spring break meeting in Atlanta, that began in 1983 near what?