TASK DEFINITION: You are given a background paragraph that describes one or more causal or qualitative relationships such as a relationship in economics or a scientific law and a story that makes use of the concepts or the relationship described in the provided paragraph. You need to come up with a question about the story that requires an understanding of the relationship described in the background paragraph. The generated question should not be answerable without both the background and story. Write a question about the story that requires a relationship in the background paragraph to answer. Check whether your question requires both the background paragraph and the story to answer. If your question can be answered by only one of these, try to rewrite your question so that it requires both. Note that "flipping" a word in the question can give rise to a new question where the answer will be different from the original question. Often, "flipping" a word gives rise to flipping the direction of the relationship, for example, from "increase" to "decrease."
PROBLEM: Background Paragraph: About 10% of sedimentary rocks are limestones. The solubility of limestone in water and weak acid solutions leads to karst landscapes, in which water erodes the limestone over thousands to millions of years. Most cave systems are through limestone bedrock. 
Story: Allan has to plan a couple of adventures this year. One adventure involves taking his family on vacation, and his son has been interested in seeing different formations of limestone. The other adventure Allan must plan for is a trip with his coworkers, one of which has mentioned that they have seen all the limestone formations that they want to see, and want to see other rock formations. He has narrowed down his adventure spots to Wilson Caves and Mt. Everest.

SOLUTION: Which spot should Allan take his coworkers to most likely avoid limestone formations?

PROBLEM: Background Paragraph: ANOVA generalizes to the study of the effects of multiple factors. When the experiment includes observations at all combinations of levels of each factor, it is termed factorial. Factorial experiments are more efficient than a series of single factor experiments and the efficiency grows as the number of factors increases.[45] Consequently, factorial designs are heavily used. 
Story: Medication A was tested on 1000 people for 3 years and cured Disease X in 80% of those trials. However,  Medication B was tested on 50 patients and cured Disease X in 90% of those trials.

SOLUTION: Was Medication A's trial more efficient or less efficient than Medication B's trial?

PROBLEM: Background Paragraph: A paradox is a statement that, despite apparently valid reasoning from true premises, leads to an apparently-self-contradictory or logically unacceptable conclusion.[1][2] A paradox involves contradictory-yet-interrelated elements that exist simultaneously and persist over time.[3][4][5]. 
Story: In ancient Greece King Juno asked two of his court philosophers, philosopher A and philosopher B, to come up with two interesting problems. Philosopher A devised a clever paradox and presented it before the court. He called the  paradox Problem A. But philosopher B didn't come up with a paradox. He too presented a clever problem which was not a paradox - he called it problem B.

SOLUTION:
Which problem would less likely have logically unacceptable conclusion, problem A or problem B?