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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Senator Paul Simon Water for the 
Poor Enhancement Act of 2008''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) The Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 
        (Public Law 109-121)--
                    (A) makes access to safe water and sanitation for 
                developing countries a specific policy objective of 
                United States foreign assistance programs;
                    (B) requires the Secretary of State to--
                            (i) develop a strategy to elevate the role 
                        of water and sanitation policy; and
                            (ii) improve the effectiveness of United 
                        States assistance programs undertaken in 
                        support of that strategy;
                    (C) codifies Target 10 of the United Nations 
                Millennium Development Goals; and
                    (D) seeks to reduce the proportion of people who 
                are unable to reach or afford safe drinking water and 
                basic sanitation by 50 percent by 2015.
            (2) On December 20, 2006, the United Nations General 
        Assembly, in GA Resolution 61/192, declared 2008 as the 
        International Year of Sanitation, in recognition of the impact 
        of sanitation on public health, poverty reduction, economic and 
        social development, and the environment.
            (3) On August 1, 2008, Congress passed H. Con. Res. 318, 
        which--
                    (A) supports the goals and ideals of the 
                International Year of Sanitation; and
                    (B) recognizes the importance of sanitation on 
                public health, poverty reduction, economic and social 
                development, and the environment.
            (4) While progress is being made on safe water and 
        sanitation efforts--
                    (A) more than 884,000,000 people throughout the 
                world lack access to safe drinking water; and
                    (B) 2 of every 5 people in the world do not have 
                access to basic sanitation services.
            (5) The health consequences of unsafe drinking water and 
        poor sanitation are staggering, accounting for--
                    (A) nearly 10 percent of the global burden of 
                disease; and
                    (B) more than 2,000,000 deaths each year.
            (6) The effects of climate change are expected to produce 
        severe consequences for water availability and resource 
        management in the future, with 2,800,000,000 people in more 
        than 48 countries expected to face severe and chronic water 
        shortages by 2025.
            (7) The impact of water scarcity on conflict and 
        instability is evident in many parts of the world, including 
        the Darfur region of Sudan, where demand for water resources 
        has contributed to armed conflict between nomadic ethnic groups 
        and local farming communities.
            (8) In order to further the United States contribution to 
        safe water and sanitation efforts, it is necessary to--
                    (A) expand foreign assistance capacity to address 
                the challenges described in this section; and
                    (B) represent issues related to water and 
                sanitation at the highest levels of United States 
                foreign assistance deliberations, including 
                deliberations related to issues of global health, food 
                security, the environment, global warming, and maternal 
                and child mortality.

SEC. 3. PURPOSE.

    The purpose of this Act is to enhance the capacity of the United 
States Government to fully implement the Senator Paul Simon Water for 
the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-121).

SEC. 4. DEVELOPING UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT CAPACITY.

    Section 135 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151h) 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Office of Water.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--To carry out the purposes of 
        subsection (a), the Administrator of the United States Agency 
        for International Development shall establish the Office of 
        Water.
            ``(2) Leadership.--The Office of Water shall be headed by 
        an Assistant Administrator for Safe Water and Sanitation, who 
        shall report directly to the Administrator.
            ``(3) Duties.--The Assistant Administrator shall--
                    ``(A) implement this section and the Senator Paul 
                Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-
                121); and
                    ``(B) place primary emphasis on providing safe, 
                affordable, and sustainable drinking water, sanitation, 
                and hygiene.
    ``(f) Bureau of International Water.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--To increase the capacity of the 
        Department of State to address international issues regarding 
        safe water, sanitation, and other international water programs, 
        the Secretary of State shall establish the Bureau for 
        International Water within the Office of the Under Secretary 
        for Democracy and Global Affairs (referred to in this 
        subsection as the `Bureau').
            ``(2) Duties.--The Bureau shall--
                    ``(A) oversee and coordinate the diplomatic policy 
                of the United States Government with respect to global 
                freshwater issues, including--
                            ``(i) access to safe drinking water and 
                        sanitation;
                            ``(ii) river basin and watershed 
                        management;
                            ``(iii) transboundary conflict;
                            ``(iv) agricultural and urban productivity 
                        of water resources;
                            ``(v) pollution mitigation; and
                            ``(vi) adaptation to hydrologic change due 
                        to climate variability; and
                    ``(B) ensure that international freshwater issues 
                are represented--
                            ``(i) within the United States Government; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) in key diplomatic, development, and 
                        scientific efforts with other nations and 
                        multilateral organizations.''.

SEC. 5. SAFE WATER AND SANITATION STRATEGY.

    Section 6(e) of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 
2005 (Public Law 109-121) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (6), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) an assessment of the extent to which the United 
        States Government's efforts are reaching the goal described in 
        section 135(a)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
        U.S.C. 2152h(a)(2)); and
            ``(8) recommendations on what the United States Government 
        would need to do to help achieve the goal referred to in 
        paragraph (7) if the United States Government's efforts were 
        proportional to its share of the world's economy.''.

SEC. 6. DEVELOPING LOCAL CAPACITY.

    The Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 
109-121) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating sections 9, 10, and 11 as sections 10, 
        11, and 12, respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after section 8 the following:

``SEC. 9. WATER AND SANITATION MANAGERS TRAINING PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Establishment.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of State and the 
        Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
        Development shall establish, in every priority country, a 
        program to train local, in-country water and sanitation 
        managers, and other officials of countries that receive 
        assistance under section 135 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
        1961 to promote the capacity of recipient governments to 
        provide affordable, equitable, and sustainable access to safe 
        drinking water and sanitation.
            ``(2) Coordination.--The program established under 
        subsection (a) shall be coordinated by the lead country water 
        manager designated in subsection (c)(2).
            ``(3) Expansion.--The Secretary and Administrator may 
        establish the program described in this section in additional 
        countries if the receipt of such training would be most 
        beneficial, with due consideration given to good governance.
    ``(b) Designation.--The United States Chief of Mission within each 
country receiving a `high priority' designation under section 6(f) 
shall--
            ``(1) designate safe drinking water and sanitation as a 
        strategic objective;
            ``(2) appoint an in-country water and sanitation manager 
        within the Mission to coordinate the in-country implementation 
        of this Act and section 135 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
        1961 with local water managers, local government officials, the 
        Department of State, and the Office of Water of the United 
        States Agency for International Development; and
            ``(3) coordinate with the Development Credit Authority and 
        the Global Development Alliance to further the purposes of this 
        Act.''.

SEC. 7. GRANTS FOR LOW COST CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION TECHNOLOGIES.

    Section 135(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act (22 U.S.C. 2152h(c)) 
is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end; 
        and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) provide grants through the United States Agency for 
        International Development to foster the development of low cost 
        and sustainable technologies for providing clean water and 
        sanitation that are suitable for use in high priority 
        countries, particularly in places with limited resources and 
        infrastructure.''.

SEC. 8. UPDATED REPORT REGARDING WATER FOR PEACE AND SECURITY.

    Section 11(b) of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 
2005, as redesignated by section 6, is amended by adding at the end the 
following: ``The report submitted under this subsection shall include 
an assessment of current and likely future political tensions over 
water sources and an assessment of the expected impacts of global 
climate change on water supplies in 10, 25, and 50 years.''.

SEC. 9. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 2009 and 
each subsequent fiscal year such sums as may be necessary to carry out 
this Act and the amendments made by this Act.

SEC. 10. CONSTRUCTION.

    This Act shall be implemented in a manner consistent with the 
Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-121). 
Nothing in this Act shall be construed in such a way as to override or 
take precedence over the implementation of that Act.
Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Enhancement Act of 2008 - Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to direct the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to establish the Office of Water which shall: (1) implement the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005; and (2) place primary emphasis on providing safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene.

Directs the Secretary of State to establish the Bureau for International Water within the Office of the Under Secretary for Democracy and Global Affairs which shall: (1) coordinate U.S. diplomatic policy regarding global freshwater issues; and (2) ensure that international freshwater issues are represented within the U.S. government.

Amends the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 to: (1) direct the Secretary and the Administrator to establish in every priority country a program to train local water and sanitation managers to promote government capacity to provide access to safe drinking water and sanitation; and (2) require that the water for peace and security report includes an assessment of current and likely future political tensions over water sources and an assessment of the future impacts of global climate change on water supplies.

Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to authorize grants through USAID to develop technologies for providing clean water and sanitation in high priority countries with limited resources and infrastructure.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Interstate Transportation of 
Municipal Waste Act of 1993''.

SEC. 2. INTERSTATE TRANSPORTATION OF MUNICIPAL WASTE.

    Subtitle D of the Solid Waste Disposal Act (42 U.S.C. 6941 et seq.) 
is amended by adding at the end the following new section:

             ``interstate transportation of municipal waste

    ``Sec. 4011. (a) Authority To Restrict Out-of-State Municipal Waste 
Imports.--
            ``(1) Authority to prohibit.--(A) Except as provided in 
        subparagraph (B), a Governor may prohibit the disposal of out-
        of-State municipal waste in any landfill or incinerator that is 
        subject to the jurisdiction of the Governor.
            ``(B) The authority to prohibit disposal of out-of-State 
        municipal waste shall not apply to--
                    ``(i) landfills in operation on the date of 
                enactment of this section that--
                            ``(I) received during calendar year 1991 
                        documented shipments of out-of-State municipal 
                        waste; and
                            ``(II) are in compliance with all 
                        applicable Federal and State laws (including 
                        any Federal or State rule or regulation) 
                        relating to design and location standards, 
                        leachate collection, ground water monitoring, 
                        and financial assurance for closure and post-
                        closure and corrective action;
                    ``(ii) proposed landfills that, prior to January 1, 
                1993, received--
                            ``(I) an approval from either the affected 
                        local government or the local solid waste 
                        planning unit to receive municipal waste 
                        generated outside the jurisdiction of the 
                        affected local government, the solid waste 
                        planning unit, or the State in which the 
                        landfill is located; and
                            ``(II) a notice of decision from the State 
                        to grant a construction permit; or
                    ``(iii) incinerators in operation on the date of 
                enactment of this section that--
                            ``(I) received, during calendar year 1991, 
                        documented shipments of out-of-State municipal 
                        waste;
                            ``(II) are in compliance with the 
                        applicable requirements of section 129 of the 
                        Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7429); and
                            ``(III) are in compliance with all 
                        applicable Federal and State laws (including 
                        any Federal or State rule or regulation) 
                        relating to facility design, operations, and 
                        emissions.
            ``(2) Authority to limit.--Beginning with calendar year 
        1993, a Governor may--
                    ``(A) limit the quantity of out-of-State municipal 
                waste received for disposal at each landfill or 
                incinerator in the State to an annual quantity equal to 
                the quantity of out-of-State municipal waste received 
                for disposal at the landfill or incinerator during the 
                calendar year 1991 or 1992, whichever is less; and
                    ``(B) limit the disposal of out-of-State municipal 
                waste at each landfill or incinerator in the State that 
                received, during calendar year 1991 or 1992, documented 
                shipments of more than 50,000 tons of out-of-State 
                municipal waste representing more than 30 percent of 
                all municipal waste received at the landfill or 
                incinerator during the calendar year, by limiting the 
                quantity of out-of-State municipal waste received for 
                disposal at such landfill or incinerator to an annual 
                quantity not greater than 30 percent of all municipal 
                waste received at the landfill or incinerator during 
                calendar year 1991 or 1992, whichever is less;
                    ``(C) prohibit the disposal of out-of-State 
                municipal waste in landfills that do not meet all 
                applicable Federal and State laws (including any 
                Federal or State rule or regulation) relating to design 
                and location standards, leachate collection, ground 
                water monitoring, and financial assurance for closure 
                and post-closure and corrective action; and
                    ``(D) prohibit the disposal of out-of-State 
                municipal waste in incinerators that do not meet all 
                applicable Federal and State laws (including any 
                Federal or State rule or regulation) relating to 
                facility design, operations, and emissions.
            ``(3) Authority to further limit.--Beginning with calendar 
        year 1997, a Governor may further limit the disposal of out-of-
        State municipal waste as provided in paragraph (2)(B) by 
        reducing the 30 percent annual quantity limitation to 20 
        percent in each of calendar years 1998 and 1999, and to 10 
        percent in each succeeding calendar year.
            ``(4) Authority with respect to industrial waste.--A 
        Governor may exercise the authority provided in paragraphs (1), 
        (2), and (3) with respect to any industrial waste that is to be 
        disposed of at a landfill or incinerator that receives 
        municipal solid waste.
            ``(5) Applicability and discrimination provisions.--Any 
        limitation imposed by the Governor under paragraph (2)(A), 
        paragraph (2)(B), or paragraph (3)--
                    ``(A) shall be applicable throughout the State; and
                    ``(B) shall not discriminate against any shipments 
                of out-of-State municipal waste on the basis of State 
                of origin.
            ``(6) Determination of quantity of out-of-state municipal 
        waste received in states exercising authority.--(A) Any 
        Governor who intends to exercise the authority provided in this 
        subsection shall, within 120 days after the date of enactment 
        of this section, submit to the Administrator information 
        documenting the quantity of out-of-State municipal waste 
        received for disposal in the State of the Governor during 
        calendar years 1991 and 1992.
            ``(B) On receipt of the information submitted pursuant to 
        subparagraph (A), the Administrator shall notify the Governor 
        of each State and the public and shall provide a comment period 
        of not less than 30 days.
            ``(C) Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment 
        of this section, the Administrator shall publish a list of the 
        quantity of out-of-State municipal waste that was received 
        during calendar years 1991 and 1992, at each landfill and 
        incinerator in each State in which the Governor intends to 
        exercise the authority provided in this subsection.
    ``(b) Authority To Restrict In-State Municipal Waste Exports.--(1) 
Except as provided in paragraph (2), a Governor of a State may limit or 
prohibit the exportation outside the State of municipal waste generated 
in the State, in accordance with the comprehensive waste management 
plan of the affected local solid waste planning unit, or, if such a 
plan does not exist, in accordance with State law.
    ``(2) A Governor may not limit or prohibit the exportation of 
materials consisting solely of materials that have been separated from 
municipal waste for recycling.
    ``(c) Delegation of Authority to Local Governments.--A Governor may 
delegate authority provided by subsection (a) or (b), or both, to an 
affected local government or to a local solid waste planning unit, if a 
local solid waste planning unit exists under State law.
    ``(d) Designation of Affected Local Government.--Within 90 days 
after the date of the enactment of this section, the Governor shall 
designate which entity listed in subsection (e)(1) shall serve as the 
affected local government for actions taken under subsections (a) and 
(b). If the Governor fails to make a designation, the affected local 
government for actions taken under this section shall be the city, 
town, borough, county, parish, or other political subdivision created 
pursuant to State law with primary jurisdiction over the land or the 
use of the land on which the landfill or incinerator concerned is 
located.
    ``(e) Definitions.--For purposes of this section:
            ``(1) The term `affected local government' means the 
        elected officials of the city, town, borough, county, parish, 
        or other political subdivision in which a landfill or 
        incinerator is located.
            ``(2) The term `affected local solid waste planning unit' 
        means a political subdivision of a State with authority 
        relating to solid waste management planning in accordance with 
        State law.
            ``(3) The term `out-of-State municipal waste' means, with 
        respect to a State, municipal waste generated outside of the 
        State. The term includes municipal waste generated outside of 
        the United States.
            ``(4) The term `municipal waste' means refuse (and refuse-
        derived fuel) generated by the general public or from a 
        residential, commercial, institutional, or industrial source 
        (or any combination thereof), consisting of paper, wood, yard 
        wastes, plastics, leather, rubber, or other combustible or 
        noncombustible materials such as metal or glass (or any 
        combination thereof). The term does not include--
                    ``(A) any solid waste identified or listed as a 
                hazardous waste under section 3001;
                    ``(B) any solid waste, including contaminated soil 
                and debris, resulting from a response action taken 
                under section 104 or 106 of the Comprehensive 
                Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act 
                (42 U.S.C. 9604 or 9606) or a corrective action taken 
                under this Act;
                    ``(C) any metal, pipe, glass, plastic, paper, 
                textile, or other material that has been separated or 
                diverted from municipal waste and has been transported 
                into the State for the purpose of recycling or 
                reclamation;
                    ``(D) any solid or industrial waste that is--
                            ``(i) generated by an industrial facility; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) transported for the purpose of 
                        treatment, storage, or disposal to a facility 
                        that is owned or operated by the generator of 
                        the waste, or is located on property owned by 
                        the generator of a company with which the 
                        generator is affiliated;
                    ``(E) any solid waste generated incident to the 
                provision of service in interstate, intrastate, 
                foreign, or overseas air transportation;
                    ``(F) any medical waste that is segregated from or 
                not mixed with municipal waste; or
                    ``(G) any material or product returned from a 
                dispenser or distributor to the manufacturer for 
                credit, evaluation, or possible reuse.
            ``(5) The term `industrial waste' means waste generated 
        from manufacturing or industrial processing operations that is 
        not identical to municipal waste with respect to the physical 
        and chemical state of the waste and the composition of the 
        waste. The term includes construction and demolition debris.''.

SEC. 3. TABLE OF CONTENTS AMENDMENT.

    The table of contents of the Solid Waste Disposal Act is amended by 
adding at the end of the items relating to subtitle D the following new 
item:

``Sec. 4011. Interstate transportation of municipal waste.''.
Interstate Transportation of Municipal Waste Act of 1993 - Amends the Solid Waste Disposal Act to authorize a State Governor to prohibit the disposal of out-of-State municipal waste in any landfill or incinerator in the State. 
Exempts from a Governor's authority to prohibit the disposal of out-of-State waste:  (1) landfills that received documented shipments of such waste in 1991 and are in compliance with Federal and State laws relating to design and location standards, leachate collection, groundwater monitoring, and financial assurance for closure and post-closure and corrective action; (2) proposed landfills that, prior to January 1, 1993, received an approval from the affected local government or solid waste planning unit to receive municipal waste generated outside the jurisdiction of the local government, planning unit, or State and a State notice of decision to grant a construction permit; or (3) incinerators that received documented shipments of such waste during 1991 and are in compliance with performance standards under the Clean Air Act and Federal and State laws relating to facility design, operations, and emissions. 
Authorizes State Governors, beginning in 1993, to further limit the quantity of out-of-State waste received for disposal, or the disposal of such waste, at specified landfills and incinerators.  Applies the authorities of this Act to industrial waste to be disposed of at landfills or incinerators that receive municipal solid waste. 
Prohibits discrimination against shipments of out-of-State waste on the basis of State of origin. 
Authorizes a State Governor to limit or prohibit the exportation outside the State of municipal waste generated within the State.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Geologic Research Enhancement Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    For the purposes of this Act:
            (1) Association.--The term ``Association'' means the 
        Association of American State Geologists.
            (2) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the United States Geological Survey.
            (3) Federal component.--The term ``Federal component'' 
        means the Federal component of the High Plains Aquifer 
        Comprehensive Hydrogeologic Characterization, Mapping, 
        Modeling, and Monitoring Program described in section 3(c).
            (4) High plains aquifer.--The term ``High Plains Aquifer'' 
        is the groundwater reserve depicted as Figure 1 in the United 
        States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1400-B, entitled 
        ``Geohydrology of the High Plains Aquifer in Parts of Colorado, 
        Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, 
        and Wyoming.''.
            (5) High plains aquifer states.--The term ``High Plains 
        Aquifer States'' means the States of Colorado, Kansas, 
        Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and 
        Wyoming.
            (6) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of the Interior.
            (7) State component.--The term ``State component'' means 
        the State component of the High Plains Aquifer Comprehensive 
        Hydrogeologic Characterization, Mapping, Modeling, and 
        Monitoring Program described in section 3(d).

SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT.

    (a) Program.--The Secretary, working through the United States 
Geological Survey, and in cooperation with the State geological surveys 
and the water management agencies of the High Plains Aquifer States, 
shall establish and carry out the High Plains Aquifer Comprehensive 
Hydrogeolgoic Characterization, Mapping, Modeling, and Monitoring 
Program, for the purposes of the characterization, mapping, modeling, 
and monitoring of the High Plains Aquifer. The program shall undertake, 
on a county-by-county level or at the largest scales and most detailed 
levels determined to be appropriate on a State-by-State and regional 
basis, the following:
            (1) mapping of the hydrogeological configuration of the 
        High Plains Aquifer; and
            (2) with respect to the High Plains Aquifer, analyses of 
        the current and past rates at which groundwater is being 
        withdrawn and recharged, the net rate of decrease or increase 
        in High Plains Aquifer storage, the factors controlling the 
        rate of horizontal and vertical migration of water within the 
        High Plains Aquifer, and the current and past rate of loss of 
        saturated thickness within the High Plains Aquifer.
The program shall also develop, as needed, regional data bases and 
groundwater flow models.
    (b) Funding.--The Secretary shall make available 50 percent of the 
funds available pursuant to this Act for use in carrying out the State 
component of the program, as provided under subsection (d).
    (c) Federal Program Component.--
            (1) Priorities.--The program shall include a Federal 
        component, developed in consultation with the Federal Review 
        Panel provided under subsection (e), which shall have as its 
        priorities--
                    (A) coordinating Federal, State, and local, data, 
                maps, and models into an integrated physical 
                characterization of the High Plains Aquifer;
                    (B) supporting State and local activities with 
                scientific and technical specialists; and
                    (C) undertaking activities and providing technical 
                capabilities not available at the State and local 
                levels.
            (2) Interdisciplinary studies.--The Federal component shall 
        include interdisciplinary studies that add value to 
        hydrogeologic characterization, mapping, modeling, and 
monitoring for the High Plains Aquifer.
    (d) State Program Component.--
            (1) Priorities.--The program shall include a State 
        component which shall have as its priorities hydrogeologic 
        characterization, mapping, modeling, and monitoring activities 
        in areas of the High Plains Aquifer that will assist in 
        addressing issues relating to groundwater depletion and 
        resource assessment of the Aquifer. Priorities under the State 
        component shall be based upon the recommendations of State 
        panels representing a broad range of users of hydrogeologic 
        data and information, which shall be appointed by the Governor 
        of the State or the Governor's designee.
            (2) Awards.--Twenty percent of the Federal funds available 
        under the State component shall be equally divided among the 
        State geological surveys of the High Plains Aquifer States to 
        carry out the purposes of the program provided under this Act. 
        The remaining funds under the State component shall be 
        competitively awarded to State or local agencies or entities in 
        the High Plains Aquifer States, including State geological 
        surveys, State water management agencies, institutions of 
        higher education, or consortia of such agencies or entities. 
        Such funds shall be awarded by the Director only for proposals 
        that have been recommended by the State panels referred to in 
        paragraph (1), subject to independent peer review, and given 
        final recommendation by the Federal Review Panel established 
        under subsection (e). Proposals for multi-State activities must 
        be recommended by the State panel of at least one of the 
        affected States.
    (e) Federal Review Panel.--
            (1) Establishment.--There shall be established a Federal 
        Review Panel to evaluate the proposals submitted for funding 
        under the State component under subsection (d)(2) and to 
        recommend approvals and levels of funding. The Federal Review 
        Panel shall review and coordinate the Federal component 
        priorities under subsection (c)(1), Federal interdisciplinary 
        studies under subsection (c)(2), and the State component 
        priorities under subsection (d)(1).
            (2) Composition and support.--Not later than 3 months after 
        the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall appoint 
        to the Federal Review Panel the following:
                    (A) Two representatives of the United States 
                Geological Survey, at least one of which shall be a 
                hydrologist or hydrogeologist.
                    (B) Three representatives of the geological surveys 
                and water management agencies of the High Plains 
                Aquifer States from lists of nominees provided by the 
                Association and the Western States Water Council, so 
                that there is representation of both the State 
                geological surveys and the State water management 
                agencies.
Appointment to the Panel shall be for a term of 3 years. The Director 
shall provide technical and administrative support to the Federal 
Review Panel. Expenses for the Federal Review Panel shall be paid from 
funds available under the Federal component of the program.
    (f) Limitation.--The United States Geological Survey shall not use 
any of the Federal funds to be made available under the State component 
for any fiscal year to pay indirect, servicing, or program management 
charges. Recipients of awards granted under subsection (d)(2) shall not 
use more than 18 percent of the Federal award amount for any fiscal 
year for indirect, servicing, or program management charges.

SEC. 4. PLAN.

    The Secretary, acting through the Director, shall, with the 
participation and review of the Association, the Western States Water 
Council, the Federal Review Panel, and the State panels, prepare a plan 
for the High Plains Aquifer Hydrogeologic Characterization, Mapping, 
Modeling, and Monitoring Program. The plan shall address overall 
priorities for the program and a management structure and program 
operations, including the role and responsibilities of the United 
States Geological Survey and the States in the program, and mechanisms 
for identifying priorities for the Federal component and the State 
component.

SEC. 5. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Report on Program Implementation.--One year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, and every 2 years thereafter through fiscal year 
2011, the Secretary shall submit a report on the status of 
implementation of the program established by this Act to the Committee 
on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, the Committee on 
Resources of the House of Representatives, and the Governors of the 
High Plains Aquifer States.
    (b) Report on High Plains Aquifer.--One year after the date of 
enactment of this Act and every year thereafter through fiscal year 
2011, the Secretary shall submit a report to the Committee on Energy 
and Natural Resources of the Senate, the Committee on Resources of the 
House of Representatives, and the Governors of the High Plains Aquifer 
States on the status of the High Plains Aquifer, including aquifer 
recharge rat

Geologic Research Enhancement Act - Directs the Secretary of the Interior, working through the United States Geological Survey, to establish and carry out the High Plains Aquifer Comprehensive Hydrogeologic Characterization, Mapping, Modeling and Monitoring Program.Requires the Program to: (1) undertake mapping of the hydrogeological configuration of the Aquifer; (2) perform analyses of the current and past rates at which groundwater is being withdrawn and recharged, the net rate of decrease or increase in Aquifer storage, the factors controlling the rate of migration of water, and the current and past rate of loss of saturated thickness within the Aquifer; and (3) develop necessary regional databases and groundwater flow models.Requires the Program to include a Federal component and a State component and lists priorities of each, including (respectively): (1) coordinating Federal, State, and local data, maps and models into an integrated physical characterization of the Aquifer; and (2) hydrogeologic characterization, mapping, modeling, and monitoring activities in areas of the Aquifer that will assist in addressing issues relating to groundwater depletion and resource assessment of the Aquifer.Provides for the establishment of a Federal Review Panel to evaluate the funding proposals submitted by entities of the High Plains Aquifer States.Directs the Secretary, acting through the Director of the U.S. Geological Survey, to prepare a plan for the Program to address overall priorities for the Program and a management structure and Program operations.