This task involves creating questions from a given passage that involve some kind of complex reasoning (including numerical reasoning). 
The generated questions must require looking at more than one part of the passage to answer. Try to use a variety of reasoning types in your questions (some of the sample reasoning types are illustrated in the 'positive examples' field) and also have a variety of answer types (spans, numbers, dates). A span is a continuous phrase taken directly from the passage or question. In such questions, the answer spans are recommended to be five words. Questions with answer type "number", are expected to start with "How many". For instance, "How long did an event last?" can be phrased as "How many years did an event last?". To increase diversity, try to create more questions for which the answer will be multiple spans. Please create questions that require AT LEAST 2 arithmetic operations as illustrated in the 'positive examples' field. You are encouraged to try DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS of operations and not just limit to the combinations shown in those examples. The more challenging questions you create, the better it is.

Input: Consider Input: Passage: As of the census of 2010, there were 47,723 people, 17,816 households, and 11,722 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,754.6/sq mi (677.5/km²).  There were 19,806 housing units at an average density of 749.9 per square mile (289.6/km²).  The racial makeup of the city was 38.32% White (U.S. Census), 57.25% African American (U.S. Census), 1.25% Native American (U.S. Census), 1.85% Asian, 0.14% Pacific Islander (U.S. Census), 1.03% from Race (United States Census), and 1.09% from two or more races.  6.98% of the population were Hispanics in the United States or Latino (U.S. Census) of any race.

Output: How many fewer households were there compared to housing units?


Input: Consider Input: Passage: In 2007, Kuwait supplied China with  of oil per day, accounting for 2.6% of Chinas total crude oil imports.  Saudi Arabia was Chinas top supplier with its shipments jumping 69.8 percent to 3.84 million tons (939,000 bbl/d), followed by Angola with 2.06 million tons (503,000 bbl/d), down 27.1 percent. Iran became third, with imports from the country shrinking 35.3 percent to 1.18 million tons (289,000 bbl/d). China is the worlds second-biggest oil consumer after the US. Abdullatif Al-Houti, Managing Director of International Marketing at state-run Kuwait Petroleum Corporation (KPC), told KUNA in October that Kuwait is on course for its China-bound crude oil export target of  by 2015, but success will heavily depend on the Sino-Kuwaiti refinery project. The two countries have been in talks for the planned  refinery in Chinas southern Guangdong Province. The complex is expected to be on-stream by 2020.

Output: How many less tons of crude oil than Angola does Iran supply China?


Input: Consider Input: Passage: Carbon Countys live birth rate was 646 births in 1990. Carbon County live birth rate in 2000 declined to 566 births, while in 2011 it rose to 586 babies. Over the past 50 years (1960 to 2010), rural Pennsylvania saw a steady decline in both the number and proportion of residents under 18 years old. In 1960, 1.06 million rural residents, or 35 percent of the rural population, were children. According to data from the Pennsylvania Department of Health, in 1990, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvanias birth rate was 171,053. In 2000, Pennsylvanias birth rate was 145,874. Finally in 2011, the States birth rate declined further to 142,021. From 2000 to 2009, the number of babies born in rural counties declined 5 percent. Urban counties have also experienced a decline in the number of school aged children. From 2000-2010 urban Pennsylvania counties had a 3 percent decline in the number of residents under 18 years old. In 2010, there were 2.07 million residents, or 22 percent of the urban population, who were under age 18.


Output: By how many births did Carbon County's birth rate decline from 1990 to 2000?