Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[EX Q]: Context: Chemerin has been implicated to play opposing roles, either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory, in various tissue inflammation processes primarily through the regulation of tissue recruitment of immune cells. However, the effect of chemerin in allergic asthma has not yet been explored. We sought to investigate the role of chemerin in the murine model of allergic asthma and explore the underlying mechanism.', 'We examined the effect of intranasal (i.n.) administration of chemerin during antigen challenge in murine models of asthma. Moreover, we examined whether administration of CCL2 or bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) transfer reversed the effects of chemerin on ovalbumin-induced asthma. We finally examined the effect of chemerin on CCL2 expression in activated lung epithelial cells in vitro.', 'The administration of chemerin attenuated allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperreactivity during antigen challenge. Chemerin treatment caused significant decreases in BALF CD4(+) T-cell accumulation and mRNA expression of Th2-attracting chemokines, CCL17 and CCL22, which was accompanied by significantly decreased BALF CD11c(+) CD11b(+) inflammatory DC accumulation and CCL2 production. Furthermore, airway administration of exogenous CCL2 or adoptive transfer of CD11c(+) CD11b(+) BMDCs abrogated the suppressive effects of chemerin on allergic asthma. Finally, in vitro study showed that chemerin inhibited CCL2 secretion by low-dose LPS-stimulated lung epithelial cells, which led to decreased chemotaxis of BMDCs.
Answer: Our study demonstrates that chemerin plays a protective role in allergic asthma by suppressing airway recruitment of inflammatory CD11c(+) CD11b(+) DCs through the inhibition of CCL2 secretion by active lung epithelial cells.
[EX A]: Does chemerin suppress murine allergic asthma by inhibiting CCL2 production and subsequent airway recruitment of inflammatory dendritic cells?

[EX Q]: Context: Licorice has been used to treat many ailments including cardiovascular disorders in China for long time. Recent studies have shown that the cardiac actions of licorice have been attributed to its active component, glycyrretinic acid (GA). However, its mechanism remains poorly understood.', 'The effects of GA on the cardiac sodium currents (I(Na)), L-type calcium currents (I(Ca,L)) and hyperpolarization-activated inward currents (I(f)) were investigated.', 'Human isoforms of wild-type and DeltaKPQ-mutant type sodium channels were expressed in Xenopus oocytes, and the resulting currents (peak and late I(Na)) were recorded using a two-microelectrode voltage-clamp technique. A perforated patch clamp technique was employed to record I(Ca,L) and I(f) from isolated rabbit sinoatrial node pacemaker cells.', 'GA inhibited peak I(Na) (33% at 90 microM) and late I(Na) (72% at 90 microM), but caused no significant effects on I(Ca,L) and I(f).
Answer: GA blocked cardiac sodium currents, particularly late I(Na.) Our findings might help to understand the traditional use of licorice in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, because reduction of sodium currents (particularly late I(Na)) would be expected to provide protection from Na(+)-induced Ca(2+) overload and cell damage.
[EX A]: Does glycyrretinic acid block cardiac sodium channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes?

[EX Q]: Context: Natriuretic peptides and echocardiographic parameters both predict cardiovascular events in patients with CKD. However, it is unknown whether simultaneous assessment of amino-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and echocardiographic parameters provides complementary or redundant predictive information; in the latter case, one of these two might be dispensable. We aimed to analyze the implications of using NT-proBNP alone, echocardiographic parameters alone, or a combination of both for prediction of adverse cardiovascular outcome.', 'Within the longitudinal Cardiovascular and Renal Outcome in CKD 2-4 Patients-The Fourth Homburg Evaluation Study, we prospectively studied 496 patients with CKD stages G2-G4, in whom we measured NT-proBNP. Left ventricular mass index, left atrial volume index, diastolic left ventricular function, and systolic left ventricular function were assessed echocardiographically. During 4.5±2.0 years of follow-up, the occurrence of (1) decompensated heart failure or all-cause mortality and (2) atherosclerotic events or all-cause mortality was recorded. We assessed the association of NT-proBNP and echocardiographic parameters with outcome (using Cox models) and evaluated the increased discriminative value associated with the addition of echocardiographic parameters and NT-proBNP (using integrated discrimination improvement and net reclassification improvement).', 'During follow-up, 104 patients suffered decompensated heart failure or all-cause mortality, and 127 patents had atherosclerotic events or all-cause mortality. In univariable analyses, NT-proBNP and echocardiographic parameters predicted cardiovascular events. NT-proBNP remained an independent predictor for both end points in multivariate analysis, whereas left ventricular mass index, left atrial volume index, and diastolic left ventricular function did not. The addition of NT-proBNP on top of clinical and various echocardiographic variables was associated with improvements in reclassification for decompensated heart failure or all-cause mortality (integrated discrimination improvement =6.5%-8.3%; net reclassification improvement =23.1%-27.0%; all P≤0.03). Adding echocardiographic variables on top of clinical variables and NT-proBNP was not associated with significant net reclassification improvement (all P>0.05).
Answer: Our data confirm NT-proBNP is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in patients with CKD. The additional use of echocardiography for improvement of risk stratification is not supported by our results.
[EX A]:
Does nT-proBNP and Echocardiographic Parameters for Prediction of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with CKD stage G2-G4?