In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.

Input: Consider Input: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) encodes eight accessory proteins, the functions of which are not yet fully understood. SARS-CoV protein 6 (P6) is one of the previously studied accessory proteins that have been documented to enhance viral replication and suppress host interferon (IFN) signaling pathways. Through yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified eight potential cellular P6-interacting proteins from a human spleen cDNA library. KEYWORDS severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV); P6; N-Myc (and STAT) interactor (Nmi); interferon (IFN) signaling pathway; ubiquitination; proteosomal degradation

Output: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein 6 mediates ubiquitin-dependent proteosomal degradation of N-Myc (and STAT) interactor


Input: Consider Input: We previously identified unusual variants of Moloney and Friend ecotropic mouse gammaretroviruses that have altered host range and are cytopathic in cells of the wild mouse species Mus dunni. Cytopathicity was attributed to different amino acid substitutions at the same critical env residue involved in receptor interaction: S82F in the Moloney variant Spl574, and S84A in the Friend mouse leukemia virus F-S MLV. Because M. dunni cells carry a variant CAT-1 cell surface virus receptor (dCAT-1), we examined the role of this receptor variant in cytopathicity and host range. We expressed dCAT-1 or mCAT-1 of NIH 3T3 origin in cells that are not normally infectible with ecotropic MLVs and evaluated the transfectants for susceptibility to virus infection and to virus-induced syncytium formation. The dCAT-1 transfectants, but not the mCAT-1 transfectants, were susceptible to virus-induced cytopathicity, and this cytopathic response was accompanied by the accumulation of unintegrated viral DNA. The dCAT-1 transfectants, however, did not also reproduce the relative resistance of M. dunni cells to Moloney MLV, and the mCAT-1 transfectants did not show the relative resistance of NIH 3T3 cells to Spl574. Western analysis, use of glycosylation inhibitors and mutagenesis to remove receptor glycosylation sites identified a possible role for cell-specific glycosylation in the modulation of virus entry. Virus entry and virus-induced syncytium formation using the CAT-1 receptor are mediated by a small number of critical amino acid residues in receptor and virus Env. Virus entry is modulated by glycosylation of cellular proteins, and this effect is cell and virus-specific.

Output: Role of receptor polymorphism and glycosylation in syncytium induction and host range variation of ecotropic mouse gammaretroviruses


Input: Consider Input: Several serological interrelationships between various members of the coronavirus group have been revealed in neutralization, complement fixation, and geldiffusion tests, using human and hyperimmune animal sera. Several members of this group of human and animal pathogens are shown to cross-react in one or more type of test, but one member, avian infectious bronchitis virus, was shown to be unrelated. Mouse hepatitis virus (MHVs) was found to be antigenieally related to a number of human types of coronavirus. Difficulties were encountered in the investigation of paired human sera in demonstrating the specificity of antibody rises, placing doubt on the values of some serological studies. The significance of these interrelationships is discussed in the light of other investigations. BRADBURNE : Antigenic Relationships amongst Coronaviruses 353 organ cultures of human embryo nasal and tracheal epithelium. These isolates comprise at least three, and probably more, distinct serological types as judged by neutralization tests using convalescent human sera (B~A]) BUR~ and T~R~IiL, 1969; McI~Tos~ et al., 1969). This work describes the detection of several serological relationships between the viruses isolated from man, and those of mouse hepatitis and avian infectious bronchitis. The majority of these results were obtained before similar studies were reported by MCINTos~ et al. (1969); furthermore, different reagents were used and several extra cross-reactions were detected. 2.1. Tissue Cultures These were all propagated in this laboratory. Roller tube neutralization tests were performed in monolayer cultures of human embryo diploid lung cells (HDCS). These were either a strain derived at the Unit, or the WI-38 cell strain. Plaque neutralization tests were made using monolayers of L 132 cells in 50 mm plastic Pctri dishes (Sterilin). The L 132 cell line is a continuous epitheloid cell line which was derived from human embryo lung (DAvis, 1960) and has been shown to be sensitive to several respiratory viruses, including 4 strains of coronaviruses (BRAD-]~Vl~N]~, 1969). All cultures were maintained at 33~ after inoculation.


Output: Antigenic Relationships amongst Coronaviruses