instruction:
In this task, you're given an open-domain question. Your task is to provide an answer to the given question. There is only one unique answer for each question. Your answer should be short, and refer to an entity, date, number, etc. Do not put your answer in the context of a sentence.
question:
When was the canadian charter of rights and freedoms passed?
answer:
April 17, 1982


question:
Who played jerry lee lewis in great balls of fire?
answer:
Dennis Quaid


question:
What branch of biology creates models to make whole biological systems understandable?
answer:

computational systems biology, systems biology and mathematical biology