Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Example Input: Tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme required for melanin production, has been targeted to develop active brightening/lightening materials for skin products. Unexpected depigmentation of the skin characterized with the diverse symptoms was reported in some subjects who used a tyrosinase-competitive inhibiting quasi-drug, rhododendrol.', 'To investigate the mechanism underlying the depigmentation caused by rhododendrol-containing cosmetics, this study was performed.', 'The mechanism above was examined using more than dozen of melanocytes derived from donors of different ethnic backgrounds. The RNAi technology was utilized to confirm the effect of tyrosinase to induce the cytotoxicity of rhododendrol and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was introduced to detect rhododendrol and its metabolites in the presence of tyrosinase.', 'Melanocyte damage was related to tyrosinase activity at a certain threshold. Treatment with a tyrosinase-specific siRNA was shown to dramatically rescue the rhododendrol-induced melanocyte impairment. Hydroxyl-rhododendrol was detected only in melanocytes with higher tyrosinase activity. When an equivalent amount of hydroxyl-rhododendrol was administered, cell viability was almost equally suppressed even in melanocytes with lower tyrosinase activity.
Example Output: 1

Example Input: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare microwave disinfection with chemical disinfection of dental gypsum casts.', 'A total of 120 casts were prepared from a silicone mold using Type III dental stone. Of the 120 casts, 60 casts were contaminated with 1 ml suspension of Staphylococcus aureus and 60 casts were contaminated with 1 ml suspension of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Then, the casts were disinfected with microwave irradiation and chemical disinfection using the microwave oven and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite. Bacteriologic procedures were performed; the cfu/ml for each cast was calculated as a weighted mean. The results were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test.', 'The untreated casts showed Brain heart infusion broth counts of 106 log cfu/ml compared to irradiated and chemically disinfected casts, in which 105 log reduction of cfu/ml was seen. These results satisfied the requirements of current infection control guidelines for the dental laboratory. The results obtained for chemical disinfection were in equivalence with microwave disinfection.
Example Output: 0

Example Input: The SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) 3a protein functions as an ion channel, induces apoptosis and is important for viral pathogenesis. It is expressed on the cell surface and contains a tyrosine-based sorting motif and a di-acidic motif, which may be crucial for its intracellular trafficking. However the role of these motifs is not fully understood in the case of 3a protein.', 'The subcellular distribution of the 3a protein was studied by immunofluorescence staining of cells transfected with wild type and mutant constructs along with markers for different intracellular compartments. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was performed to estimate the mRNA where as western blotting was carried out to detect protein levels of wild type and mutant 3a proteins. In vitro transcription- translation was performed to estimate cell free protein synthesis.', 'While the wild type 3a protein is efficiently transported to the plasma membrane, the protein with mutations in the tyrosine and valine residues within the YXXV motif (ΔYXXΦ) accumulated in the Golgi compartment. However the 3a protein with mutations within the EXD di-acidic motif (ΔEXD) showed an intracellular distribution similar to the wild type protein. Increased retention of the ΔYXXΦ protein in the Golgi compartment also increased its association with lipid droplets. The ΔYXXΦ protein also expressed at significantly lower levels compared to the wild type 3a protein, which was reversed with Brefeldin A and Aprotinin.
Example Output:
0