In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

[Q]: This Vermont native's political positions included head of House and then Senate committees on territories, in which capacity he gave a speech telling opponents of expansion that "you cannot fetter the limbs of this young giant. " His support for expansion led him to favor repeal of the Missouri Compromise and he answered the Dred Scott decision by supporting popular sovereignty in what became known as the Freeport Doctrine. For 10 points, name this man who ran for president against John Bell, John C. Breckenridge and Abraham Lincoln, against the last of whom he had held a famous series of debates in Illinois.
[A]: History


[Q]: His reign saw both the publication of the legal treatise Quadripartitus and the earliest surviving European kingdom-wide financial survey, and the exchequer originated at Winchester at the behest of his minister Roger of Salisbury. He fined William de Mandeville for allowing the escape of Ranulf Flambard from the Tower of London, and he had earlier ceded custody of Cotenin to his brother Robert Curthose to avoid war. The wreck of the White Ship resulted in the death of his only legitimate heir, William theling, and his childless marriage to Adeliza of Louvain resulted in his succession by Stephen of Blois. For 10 points, name this man who won the lordship of Normandy in the battle of Tinchebrai, king of England from 1100 to 1135 and the first Norman ruler not named William.
[A]: History


[Q]: A stepwise mechanism for this reaction has been proposed where a pair of electron additions occur, each addition followed by abstraction of a proton from solution, proceeding through a radical anion intermediate before reaching the neutral final product. Substituents on the target compound can control the regioselectivity of the reaction; electron-donating groups favor protonation at an unoccupied site meta to the substituents, while electron-attracting substituents favor para protonation. Reaction conditions typically feature an alkali metal dissolved in liquid ammonia, which provide the electrons and protons, respectively. FTP, what is this reaction that reduces a benzene ring to 1,4-cyclohexadiene
[A]:
Science