instruction:
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
question:
Context_1 : The 1919–20 PCHA season was the ninth season of the professional men's ice hockey Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA) league. Season play ran from December 26, 1919, until March 10, 1920. The season was enlarged to 22 games per team. The Seattle Metropolitans club would place first during the regular season and then won the play-off with Vancouver Millionaires to take the PCHA championship. The Mets then played in the 1920 Stanley Cup Finals series against Ottawa Senators, National Hockey League (NHL) champions. The Senators won the best-of-five series three games to two. Context_2 : Operation Diadem order of battle is a listing of the significant formations that were involved in the fighting on the Winter Line and at the Anzio bridgehead south of Rome during "Operation Diadem" in May - June 1944 which resulted in the Allied breakthrough at Cassino and the breakout at Anzio leading to the capture of Rome. Context_3 : Operation Deckhouse Five was conducted by the United States Marine Corps (USMC) and South Vietnamese Marine Corps forces along the Mekong River Delta. The operation was notable in that it was a sizable, combined USMC and Vietnamese Marine amphibious operation and it was the last Special Landing Force (SLF) amphibious landing to take place beyond the boundaries of I Corps. The operation occurred January 6–15, 1967. Context_4 : Operation Bertram was a major Second World War deception operation practised by the allied forces in Egypt led by Bernard Montgomery in the months leading up to the Second Battle of El Alamein in 1942. Bertram was devised by Dudley Clarke to deceive Erwin Rommel about the timing and location of the allied attack. The operation consisted of physical deceptions using dummies and camouflage, designed and made by the British Middle East Command Camouflage Directorate led by Geoffrey Barkas. These were accompanied by electromagnetic deceptions codenamed "Operation Canwell" using false radio traffic. All of these were planned to make the enemy believe that the attack would take place to the south, far from the coast road and railway, and about two days later than the real attack. Context_5 : Operation Mailfist was a planned Allied offensive to liberate Singapore from Japanese occupation during World War II. It was intended to follow on from the landing in Malaya, Operation Zipper, and take place between December 1945 and March 1946. However, it was not conducted as Japan surrendered shortly before Operation Zipper was to have been launched. Instead, Singapore was re-occupied in the unopposed Operation Tiderace. Context_6 : Operation Diadem, also referred to as the Fourth Battle of Monte Cassino or, in Canada, the Battle of the Liri Valley, was an offensive operation undertaken by the Allies of World War II (U.S. Fifth Army and British Eighth Army in May 1944, as part of the Italian Campaign of World War II. "Diadem" was supported by air attacks called Operation Strangle. The opposing force was the German 10th Army. Context_7 : Operation Undertone was a large assault by the U.S. Seventh and French 1st Armies of the U.S. Sixth Army Group as part of the Allied invasion of Germany in March 1945 during World War II. Context_8 : Operation Mountain Fury was a NATO-led operation begun on September 16, 2006 as a follow-up operation to Operation Medusa, to clear Taliban rebels from the eastern provinces of Afghanistan. Another focus of the operation was to enable reconstruction projects such as schools, health-care facilities, and courthouses to take place in the targeted provinces. Context_9 : An execution model specifies how work takes place. Every programming language has an execution model, which is specified as part of the language specification, and is implemented as part of the language implementation. The details in the specification of an execution model cover things such as what is an indivisible unit of work, and what are the constraints on the order in which those units of work take place. For example, the addition operation is an indivisible unit of work in many languages, and in sequential languages such units of work are constrained to take place one after the other. Context_10 : The Amory Adventure Award is an award in the Canadian Venturer program. Unlike all other awards and badges, for example the Queen's Venturer Award, the Amory Award is only granted to one Venturer company each year. All Venturers who take part in an Amory Award expedition (whether or not they are members of the winning company) receive a participation badge to wear on the uniform. The first-place company's name is recorded on the Amory Adventure Trophy, which the company may keep for nine months. Companies that place first, second, and third each receive a trophy of their own to keep. fact_1 : Operation Undertone was a large assault by the U.S. Seventh and French 1st Armies of the U.S. Sixth Army Group as part of the Allied invasion of Germany in March 1945 during World War II. fact_2 : Operation Diadem, also referred to as the Fourth Battle of Monte Cassino or, in Canada, the Battle of the Liri Valley, was an offensive operation undertaken by the Allies of World War II (U.S. Fifth Army and British Eighth Army in May 1944, as part of the Italian Campaign of World War II. Question: Did Operation Undertone or Operation Diadem take place first?
answer:
Operation Diadem


question:
Context_1 : The Royal House of Boureh Gnilane Joof (variation : Mbin Boureh Gnilane in Serer) was a royal house founded in the 14th century by Jaraff Boureh Gnilane Joof (var : "Bouré Gnilane Diouf" or "Buré Ñilaan"). He was a member the Serer tribe, from the pre-colonial Kingdom of Sine now part of independent Senegal. It was the first royal house founded by the Joof family during the Guelowar period (1350 - 1969). Boureh Gnilane Joof was a royal prince and a Jaraff (var : "Diaraf"), a with the powers of a Prime Minister. He was neither a Maad a Sinig (king of Sine) nor a Maad Saloum (king of Saloum) but a royal prince who had the title "Jaraff" bestowed upon him by his cousin and brother-in-law - Maad a Sinig Diessanou Faye (king of Sine). His father Maad Patar Kholleh Joof (the conqueror) was the king of Laa and Teigne of Baol (king of Baol). Boureh's brothers were the first from this house to have succeeded to the throne of Sine during the Guelowar period. His name was adopted in his honour to refer to the first royal house founded by the Joof family during this dynastic period. The Joof family of Sine, from this royal house also ruled in the Kingdom of Saloum (the Joof paternal dynasty of Sine and Saloum) The Joof family also ruled in Baol (the Joof paternal dynasty of Baol). From the date of its foundation up to the abolition of the Serer monarchies of Sine and Saloum in 1969, at least ten kings from this house had succeeded to the throne of Sine. As the first royal house of Sine founded by the Joof family in this dynastic period, the Royal House of Boureh Gnilane Joof holds great significance in Senegambian, Joof family and , because all the subsequent royal houses founded by the Joof family (who ruled in three Senegambian kingdoms) branched out from this royal house. Context_2 : Viscount Downe is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of Ireland. The first creation came in 1675 for William Ducie. However, the title became extinct on his death in 1679. The second creation came in 1680 for John Dawnay. He had earlier represented Yorkshire and Pontefract in the English House of Commons. His son, the second Viscount, also represented these constituencies in the House of Commons. His grandson, the third Viscount, sat as a Member of Parliament for Yorkshire but died from wounds received at the Battle of Campen in 1760. He was succeeded by his younger brother, the fourth Viscount, who represented Cirencester and Malton in Parliament. Context_3 : Henry V (9 August 1386 – 31 August 1422) was King of England from 1413 until his death at the age of 36 in 1422. He was the second English monarch who came from the House of Lancaster. Context_4 : The Brazilian Imperial Family is a royal family and cadet branch of the Portuguese Royal House of Braganza that ruled the Empire of Brazil for 67 years, between 1822 and 1889, after the proclamation of independence by Prince Pedro of Braganza who was later acclaimed as Pedro I, "Constitutional Emperor and Perpetual Defender of Brazil". The members of the family are dynastic descendants of Emperor Pedro I. Claimants to headship of the post-monarchic Brazilian Imperial legacy descend from Emperor Pedro II, including the senior agnates of two branches of the House of Orléans-Braganza; the so-called "Petrópolis" and "Vassouras" lines. Prince Pedro Carlos of Orléans-Braganza (born 1945) heads the "Petrópolis" line, while the "Vassouras" branch is led by his second cousin, Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza. Rivalry within the family erupted in 1946 when "Dom" Pedro Gastão (1913–2007) repudiated the renunciation to the throne of his late father, Pedro de Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará (1875–1940), for himself and his future descendants, when he made a non-dynastic marriage in 1908. Pedro de Alcântara was the eldest son of the Princess Imperial Isabel (1846–1921) who, as Pedro II's elder daughter and heir presumptive when he was dethroned, became the last undisputed head of the family after her father's death in exile in 1891. Pedro Carlos is "Dom" Pedro Gastão's eldest son. "Dom" Luiz descends from Isabel's younger son, Prince Luís (1878–1920) who, by a Bourbon princess, fathered Prince Pedro Henrique (1909–1981). Dom Luiz is Pedro Henrique's son by a Bavarian princess and upholds his dynastic claim to the same legacy. Context_5 : The Dunstable Swan Jewel is a gold and enamel brooch in the form of a swan made in England or France in about 1400 and now in the British Museum, where it is on display in Room 40. It was excavated in 1965 on the site of Dunstable Friary, and is presumed to have been intended as a livery badge given by an important figure to his supporters; the most likely candidate is probably the future Henry V of England, who was Prince of Wales from 1399. Context_6 : Burgess originally meant a freeman of a borough (England, Wales, Ireland) or burgh (Scotland). It later came to mean an elected or unelected official of a municipality, or the representative of a borough in the English House of Commons. Context_7 : The William English House is a historic farmhouse in the far western portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. Located along State Route 47 northeast of the village of Versailles in the northeastern corner of Darke County, the house was built in 1881 as the residence of William English, an astronomically-inclined farmer. English was a native of Ireland who immigrated to the United States in 1823. Besides farming, English operated a brickworks on his property, and his employees generally lived in the same house as his family. Consequently, the house is significantly larger than was necessary for the family members alone. Context_8 : Sir John Trevor ("c." 1637 – 20 May 1717) was a Welsh lawyer and politician. He was Speaker of the English House of Commons from 1685 to 1687 (the Loyal Parliament) and from 1689 to 1695. Trevor also served as Master of the Rolls from 1685 to 1689 and from 1693 to 1717. His second term as Speaker came to an end when he was expelled from the House of Commons for accepting a substantial bribe. He remained the most recent Speaker to be forced out of office until Michael Martin resigned in 2009. Context_9 : The Order of Prince Danilo I of Montenegro (Montenegrin: Орден Књаза Данила I, Orden Knjaza Danila I) was an order of the Principality, and later Kingdom, of Montenegro. It is currently granted as a dynastic honor by the undisputed head of the House of Petrović-Njegoš, Nicholas Petrović Njegoš II. Although no longer a state order, recognition is indicated by the acceptance of the former President of Montenegro, Filip Vujanović. More formal recognition by the Republic of Montenegro is implicit in the 2011 "Law on the Status of the Descendants of the Petrović Njegoš Dynasty", which recognizes the current crown prince as head of the Royal Family and specifically sanctions the use of the royal family's heraldic symbols. The act also provides the Crown Prince housing and a pension and has been noted as conferring a sort of "quasi restoration" of the throne. In a May 15th "Pobjeda" newspaper interview, Prince Nikola cited Article 3 of this law as the basis for his May 5th re-institution of the Order, which he emphasized was "historically an extremely valuable Montenegrin decoration." He went on to explain that the order can be awarded to Montenegrin nationals and worthy foreigners on two general grounds: (1), for support and affirmation of Montenegrin independence and the royal tradition of the Petrovic Njegos dynasty, and (2) to those whose "scientific or social work contributed to the development of culture, art and science." The Order has since been bestowed on a number of high dignitaries internationally. In an April 17, 2016 visit to Rome, HRH Prince Nikola II Petrovic Njegoš met with Pope Francis and other high Vatican officials bestowing the dynastic honor on the Cambodian ambassador, His Highness Prince Sisowath Ravivaddhana Monipong, the Montenegrin ambassador to the Holy See Veselin Šuković, as well as the U.S. Ambassador to the Holy See Kenneth Francis Hackett, and the ambassador of Hungary HIRH Eduard von Habsburg-Lothringen, among several other Vatican officials and Italian nobles. The official Representative of the Royal House and the order is H.E. Giuseppe Tedischi GCDO, who also has the Vatican charge "Addetto di Anticamera di Sua Santità," or Officer of Antechamber of His Holiness. Context_10 : The Caleb Pusey House, built in 1683, is the second oldest English house in Pennsylvania open to the public (Wall House in Cheltenham Township is the oldest). Built in a vernacular English yeoman's style, it is the only remaining house where William Penn is known to have visited. It stands on the 100 acre near Chester Creek which Penn granted Pusey, a plantation which the latter named "Landing Ford". It is located in what is now Upland, near Chester. Since the 1950s, the building and grounds have been owned by the Friends of the Caleb Pusey House, Inc. The house was restored and the property is operated as a historic house museum. fact_1 :  It was excavated in 1965 on the site of Dunstable Friary, and is presumed to have been intended as a livery badge given by an important figure to his supporters; the most likely candidate is probably the future Henry V of England, who was Prince of Wales from 1399. fact_2 :  He was the second English monarch who came from the House of Lancaster. Question: The man who was Prince of Wales in 1399 came from what dynastic English house?
answer:
House of Lancaster


question:
Context_1 : The Providence Journal, nicknamed the ProJo, is a daily newspaper serving the metropolitan area of Providence, Rhode Island and is the largest newspaper in Rhode Island. The newspaper was first published in 1829 and is the oldest continuously-published daily newspaper in the United States. The newspaper has won four Pulitzer Prizes. Context_2 : The Boston Globe (sometimes abbreviated as The Globe) is an American daily newspaper founded and based in Boston, Massachusetts since its creation by Charles H. Taylor in 1872. The newspaper has won a total of 26 Pulitzer Prizes as of 2016, and with a total paid circulation of 245,824 from September 2015 to August 2016, it is the 25th most read newspaper in the United States. "The Boston Globe" is the oldest and largest daily newspaper in Boston. Context_3 : Moses "Moe" Louis Annenberg (February 11, 1877 – July 20, 1942) was a Jewish American newspaper publisher, who purchased "The Philadelphia Inquirer", the third-oldest surviving daily newspaper in the United States in 1936. "The Inquirer" has the sixteenth largest average weekday U.S. newspaper circulation, and has won eighteen Pulitzer Prizes. Context_4 : Samuel Eliot Morison, (July 9, 1887 – May 15, 1976) was an American historian noted for his works of maritime history and American history that were both authoritative and popular. He received his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1912, and taught history at the university for 40 years. He won Pulitzer Prizes for "Admiral of the Ocean Sea" (1942), a biography of Christopher Columbus, and "John Paul Jones: A Sailor's Biography" (1959). In 1942, he was commissioned to write a history of United States naval operations in World War II, which was published in 15 volumes between 1947 and 1962. Morison wrote the popular "Oxford History of the American People" (1965), and co-authored the classic textbook "The Growth of the American Republic" (1930) with Henry Steele Commager. Over the course of his distinguished career, Morison received eleven honorary doctoral degrees, and garnered numerous literary prizes, military honors, and national awards from both foreign countries and the United States, including two Pulitzer Prizes, two Bancroft Prizes, the Balzan Prize, the Legion of Merit, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Context_5 : The St. Louis Post-Dispatch is the major regional newspaper in St. Louis, in the U.S. state of Missouri, serving Greater St. Louis. It is the only remaining printed daily newspaper in the city. It is the fifth-largest newspaper in the midwestern United States, and is the 26th-largest newspaper in the U.S. According to its masthead, the publication has received eighteen Pulitzer Prizes. Context_6 : The Philadelphia Inquirer is a morning daily newspaper that serves the Philadelphia metropolitan area of the United States. The newspaper was founded by John R. Walker and John Norvell in June 1829 as The Pennsylvania Inquirer and is the third-oldest surviving daily newspaper in the United States. Owned by Philadelphia Media Network, "The Inquirer" has the eighteenth largest average weekday U.S. newspaper circulation and has won twenty Pulitzer Prizes. It is the newspaper of record in the Delaware Valley. Context_7 : Edward (Charles) Wagenknecht (March 28, 1900 – May 24, 2004) was an American literary critic and teacher, who specialized in 19th century American literature. He wrote and edited many books on literature and movies, and taught for many years at various universities, including the University of Chicago and Boston University. He also contributed many book reviews and other writings to such newspapers as the "Boston Herald", "The New York Times", and the "Chicago Tribune" and to such magazines as "The Yale Review" and "The Atlantic Monthly". Context_8 : The Pulitzer Prize for History, administered by Columbia University, is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. It has been presented since 1917 for a distinguished book about the history of the United States. Thus it is one of the original Pulitzers, for the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year. The Pulitzer Prize program has also recognized some historical work with its Biography prize, from 1917, and its General Non-Fiction prize, from 1952. Context_9 : The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated NYT and The Times) is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18, 1851, by The New York Times Company. "The New York Times" has won 122 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper. The paper's print version in 2013 had the second-largest circulation, behind "The Wall Street Journal", and the largest circulation among the metropolitan newspapers in the United States. "The New York Times" is ranked 18th in the world by circulation. Following industry trends, its weekday circulation had fallen in 2009 to fewer than one million. Context_10 : The Boston Herald is an American daily newspaper whose primary market is Boston, Massachusetts and its surrounding area. It was founded in 1846 and is one of the oldest daily newspapers in the United States. It has been awarded eight Pulitzer Prizes in its history, including four for editorial writing and three for photography before it was converted to tabloid format in 1981. The "Herald" was named one of the "10 Newspapers That 'Do It Right' in 2012 by "Editor & Publisher". fact_1 : Edward (Charles) Wagenknecht (March 28, 1900 – May 24, 2004) was an American literary critic and teacher, who specialized in 19th century American literature. fact_2 :  He also contributed many book reviews and other writings to such newspapers as the "Boston Herald", "The New York Times", and the "Chicago Tribune" and to such magazines as "The Yale Review" and "The Atlantic Monthly". fact_3 : The Boston Herald is an American daily newspaper whose primary market is Boston, Massachusetts and its surrounding area. fact_4 :  It has been awarded eight Pulitzer Prizes in its history, including four for editorial writing and three for photography before it was converted to tabloid format in 1981. Question: Edward (Charles) Wagenknecht ontributed many book reviews and other writings to an American daily newspaper that has been awarded how many Pulitzer Prizes in its history?
answer:

eight