In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

[EX Q]: c. overcoming the presumption of undue influence  27. although we do not find that the chancellor erred by failing to address whether a presumption of undue influence arose, we hold that, based on the record and the chancellor's findings, if such presumption arose, davis successfully rebutted it.  28.
[EX A]: non-overruling

[EX Q]: to the extent that they conflict with this holding, chase, supra, and hill, supra, are overruled.
[EX A]: overruling

[EX Q]: id. (quoting riyaz a. kanji, the proper scope of pendent appellate jurisdiction in the collateral order context, 100 yale l.j. 511, 530 (1990)).
[EX A]:
non-overruling