From the given sentence, extract the phrase (often noun or verb) that carries the given relationship. The generated phrase should be present in the sentence.

Given Relationship: 'lose to', Sentence: 'John McCain agreed to carry on the FRP-Republican Party agreement , but lost to Barack Obama .'
lost

Given Relationship: 'be elect by', Sentence: 'In autumn of the same year Lincoln was elected President of the United States , and this great victory for the Abolitionists immediately led to the secession of the Southern States and the civil war between the North and South .'
elected

Given Relationship: 'cross', Sentence: 'He related to his men the story of Julius Caesar crossing the Rubicon , literally ending the Roman Republic thereby turning it into an the now famous Roman Empire .'

crossing