In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

Q: One reactant for this reaction is best prepared by an S N 2 nucleophilic addition of a triphenyl compound, followed by elimination of the hydrogen halide by an organolithium reagent. This reaction itself proceeds through a rather unique intermediate formed when the pi electron from the reagents carbon-oxygen double bond migrates to the positively charged pole of one reactant; this intermediate is called a an oxaphosphetane, from which a triphenyl oxide is eliminated to complete the reaction. The aforementioned positively charged pole is on phosphorous because the aforementioned prepared reactant is a phosphorous ylide. For ten points, name this reaction that produces selectively double-bonded alkenes from aldehydes and phosphorous ylides and that is named for the German 1979 Chemistry Nobel winner.

A: Science
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Q: This man's military was first led by Saint Arnaud, and his advisors included the dukes of Persigny and Morny. He was satirized in a work plagiarized to form The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, Maurice Joly's Dialogue in Hell Between Machiavelli and Montesquieu. His rule saw a boom in railway construction and the implementation of Baron Haussmann's plan to renovate the streets of Paris. He assisted Victor Emmanuel II against Franz Joseph at Solferino and he was able to briefly annex Mexico under Maximilian, but he was defeated and captured by Moltke at Sedan, ending the Franco-Prussian War. For 10 points, name this French emperor, the nephew of his namesake.

A: History
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Q: This man assaulted William Stanbery with a cane on Pennsylvania Avenue. As a Senator, he and John Bell were the only southerners to vote against the Kansas-Nebraska Act. A close ally of Andrew Jackson, he served as the governor of Texas until he was removed for his refusal to support the Confederacy. For 10 points, name this politician, who also lead the victorious forces at the Battle of San Jacinto.

A:
History
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