In medical studies, treatments are tested within a group of study participants. You will be given a sentence of a study report in which your task is to list the phrases that give information about the participants of the study. You should list the phrases in the same order that they appear in the text, separated by commas. If no information about the participants is mentioned, just output "not found". Relevant information about participants include: gender, medical conditions, location, number of people participating. Do not contain participant mentions without relevant information.
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Question: Cost per quality-adjusted life year ( QALY ) gained was estimated using trial data .

Answer: not found


Question: Rheumatic fever is a preventable chronic disease preceded by group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal ( GABHS ) pharyngitis .

Answer: not found


Question: The patients suffered from partial or total intestinal obstruction , necrotizing enterocolitis or pyloric stenosis.All infants were fasting and studied during periods of at least one hour .

Answer:
partial or total intestinal obstruction , necrotizing enterocolitis or pyloric stenosis.All infants