instruction:
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
question:
Context_1 : Craig D. Adams (born April 26, 1977) is a Bruneian-born Canadian former professional ice hockey player, who most recently played with the Pittsburgh Penguins of the National Hockey League. Adams was born in Seria, Brunei, but was raised in Calgary, Alberta, residing and playing hockey in the community of Lake Bonavista. Adams won the Stanley Cup with both the Carolina Hurricanes (in 2006) and the Pittsburgh Penguins (in 2009). Context_2 : Patrick Michael Riggin (born May 26, 1959 in Kincardine, Ontario) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. Riggin was a goaltender who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Atlanta Flames, Calgary Flames, Washington Capitals, Boston Bruins and Pittsburgh Penguins, as well as the Birmingham Bulls of the World Hockey Association. He was originally drafted from the London Knights, and was selected as the goalie for the London Knights all-time team. His father, Dennis, briefly played in the NHL for the Detroit Red Wings, and his brother Larry also spent time with the Knights organization in the 1970s. Context_3 : The history of ice hockey in Calgary extends back well over a century to the first recorded ice hockey game in Alberta in 1893. Imported from eastern Canada, the game's popularity rapidly grew in the city, with teams at every level playing for and capturing Canada's national championships. Calgary is known today as one of Canada's best ice hockey cities with the Calgary Flames and Calgary Hitmen receiving immense support from the city. The Calgary Oval X-Treme is one of the most dominant women's ice hockey teams in the country, while Junior A ice hockey is also well supported with two teams in the city. Calgary is home to the Mac's AAA midget hockey tournament, one of the most prestigious midget hockey tournaments in the world which has seen dozens of future National Hockey League players play in this city before their professional careers began. Context_4 : Joseph Patrick Mullen (born February 26, 1957) is an American former professional ice hockey player. He played 16 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the St. Louis Blues, Calgary Flames, Pittsburgh Penguins and Boston Bruins between 1980 and 1997. He was a member of three Stanley Cup championship teams, winning with the Flames in 1989 and the Penguins in 1991 and 1992. Mullen turned to coaching in 2000, serving as an assistant in Pittsburgh and briefly as head coach of the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins. He is currently an assistant with the Philadelphia Flyers. Context_5 : Brian McGrattan (born September 2, 1981) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and current member of the Calgary Flames player development staff. McGrattan was a fourth round selection of the Los Angeles Kings (104th overall) at the 1999 NHL Entry Draft but never signed with the team. He signed with the Ottawa Senators organization in 2002 and made his NHL debut with the team three years later. McGrattan has also played in the NHL with the Phoenix Coyotes, Nashville Predators and Calgary Flames As a career journeyman, he was also a member of five American Hockey League (AHL) teams and ended his career in 2017 in England as a member of the Nottingham Panthers of the Elite Ice Hockey League (EIHL). Context_6 : Mario Lemieux, OC, CQ ( ; ] ; born October 5, 1965) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and current owner of the Pittsburgh Penguins team. He played parts of 17 seasons in the National Hockey League's (NHL) with the Pittsburgh Penguins, between 1984 and 2006. Dubbed "The Magnificent One" or "Le Magnifique" (as well as "Super Mario"), he is widely acknowledged to have been one of the best players of all time. He is the only player to score one goal in each of the five possible situations in a single NHL game, a feat he accomplished in 1988. A gifted playmaker and fast skater despite his large size, Lemieux often beat defencemen with fakes and dekes. Context_7 : Douglas Robert Gilmour (born June 25, 1963) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and current general manager of the Kingston Frontenacs of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL). He played 20 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the St. Louis Blues, Calgary Flames, Toronto Maple Leafs, New Jersey Devils, Chicago Blackhawks, Buffalo Sabres and Montreal Canadiens. Gilmour was a seventh round selection, 134th overall, of the Blues at the 1982 NHL Entry Draft and recorded 1,414 points in 1,474 games in the NHL between 1983 and 2003. A two-time All-Star, he was a member of Calgary's 1989 Stanley Cup championship team and won the Frank J. Selke Trophy as the NHL's best defensive forward in 1992–93. Internationally, he represented Canada three times during his career and was a member of the nation's 1987 Canada Cup championship team. Context_8 : Robert John "Bob" Murdoch (born November 20, 1946) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman and coach. Murdoch played 12 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Montreal Canadiens, Los Angeles Kings, Atlanta Flames and Calgary Flames and coached 10 seasons in the National Hockey League with the Calgary Flames, Chicago Blackhawks, Winnipeg Jets and San Jose Sharks. He won the Stanley Cup in 1971 and 1973 while with Montreal. Context_9 : The 37th National Hockey League All-Star Game was held in the Olympic Saddledome in Calgary, Alberta, home of the Calgary Flames, on February 12, 1985. The Wales Conference defeated the Campbell Conference 6–4. The game's most valuable player was Mario Lemieux, who became the only rookie to win All-Star MVP honours. Context_10 : Michael "Mike" Vernon (born February 24, 1963) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played 19 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Calgary Flames, Detroit Red Wings, San Jose Sharks and Florida Panthers. He is a two-time Stanley Cup champion, with the Flames in 1989 and the Red Wings in 1997. He appeared in five NHL All-Star games, was named a second team All-Star in 1989, shared the William M. Jennings Trophy in 1996 and was named the winner of the Conn Smythe Trophy as most valuable player of the playoffs in 1997. Vernon won over 300 games in his NHL career. fact_1 :  The game's most valuable player was Mario Lemieux, who became the only rookie to win All-Star MVP honours. fact_2 : Mario Lemieux, OC, CQ ( ; ] ; born October 5, 1965) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and current owner of the Pittsburgh Penguins team. Question: The 37th National Hockey League All-Star Game was held in the Olympic Saddledome in Calgary, Alberta, home of the Calgary Flames, on February 12, 1985, the game's most valuable player was which Canadian former professional ice hockey player and current owner of the Pittsburgh Penguins team?
answer:
Mario Lemieux


question:
Context_1 : The Dancing Rabbit Creek Treaty Site is a historic Choctaw Native American gathering place in rural Noxubee County, Mississippi. Located near a freshwater spring above the floodplain of Dancing Rabbit Creek in the southwestern part of the county, it was the site of a treaty negotiation between the Choctaw and the federal government in 1830, resulting in the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, in which the Choctaw agreed to surrender their ancestral lands for territory in what is now Oklahoma. It was the first treaty negotiated after passage of the Indian Removal Act, and served as a model for other treaties passed pursuant to that act. It also led to the Choctaw Trail of Tears. The site, now marked by a stone memorial and a small Choctaw cemetery, was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1996. Context_2 : The Seminole are a Native American people originally from Florida. Today, they principally live in Oklahoma with a minority in Florida, and comprise three federally recognized tribes: the Seminole Tribe of Oklahoma, the Seminole Tribe of Florida, and Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida, as well as independent groups. The Seminole nation emerged in a process of ethnogenesis from various Native American groups who settled in Florida in the 18th century, most significantly northern Muscogee (Creeks) from what is now Georgia and Alabama. The word "Seminole" is derived from the Creek word "simanó-li", which may be itself be derived from the Spanish word "cimarrón", menaning "runaway" or "wild one". Context_3 : Doaksville is a former settlement, now a ghost town, located in present-day Choctaw County, Oklahoma. It was founded between 1824 and 1831, by people of the Choctaw Indian tribe who were forced to leave their homes in the Southeastern United States and relocate in an area designated in for their resettlement in Indian Territory. The community was named for Joseph Doak, co-owner of the local trading post. The town flourished until the U.S. Army abandoned nearby Fort Towson in 1854, though it remained as the Choctaw capital until 1859, then declined precipitately after being bypassed by a new railroad in 1870. It is now a ghost town and an archaeological preservation site. Context_4 : The Choctaw (In the Choctaw language, Chahta) are a Native American people originally occupying what is now the Southeastern United States (modern-day Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, and Louisiana). Their Choctaw language belongs to the Muskogean language family group. Context_5 : The Floridas was a region of the southeastern United States comprising the historical colonies of East Florida and West Florida. The borders of East and West Florida varied. In 1783, when Spain acquired West Florida and re-acquired East Florida from Great Britain through the Peace of Paris (1783), the eastern British boundary of West Florida was the Apalachicola River, but Spain in 1785 moved it eastward to the Suwannee River. The purpose was to transfer San Marcos and the district of Apalachee from East Florida to West Florida. From 1810 to 1813, the United States extended piecemeal control over the part of West Florida that comprised the modern-day Gulf coasts of Alabama and Mississippi and the Florida Parishes of Louisiana. After the ratification of the Adams-Onis Treaty in 1821 the United States combined East Florida and what had been the remaining Spanish-controlled rump of West Florida into the territory that comprised modern-day Florida. Context_6 : The Treaty of Doak's Stand (7 Stat. 210, also known as Treaty with the Choctaw) was signed on October 18, 1820 (proclaimed on January 8, 1821) between the United States and the Choctaw Indian tribe. Based on the terms of the accord, the Choctaw agreed to give up approximately one-half of their remaining Choctaw homeland. In October 1820, Andrew Jackson and Thomas Hinds were sent as commissioners who represented the United States to negotiate a treaty to surrender a portion of Choctaw country in Mississippi. They met with tribal representatives at Doak's Stand on the Natchez Trace. They met with the chiefs Pushmataha, Mushulatubbee, and Apuckshunubbee, who represented the three major regional divisions of the Choctaw. Chiefs of the towns and other prominent men accompanied them, such as Colonel Silas Dinsmoor. Context_7 : The culture of the Choctaw has greatly evolved over the centuries combining mostly European-American influences; however, interaction with Spain, France, and England greatly shaped it as well. The Choctaws, or Chahtas, are a Native American people originally from the Southeastern United States. They were known for their rapid incorporation of modernity, developing a written language, transitioning to yeoman farming methods, and having European-American and African-Americans lifestyles enforced in their society. The Choctaw culture has it roots in the Mississippian culture era of the mound builders. Context_8 : The Choctaw Horse is a horse breed from the state of Mississippi in the United States that was originally used by the Choctaw tribe of Native Americans. To the Choctaw, this particular breed of horse was symbolic of wealth, glory, honor, and prestige. They were also used for barter. This breed is rare. Context_9 : Yowani (probably from the word for caterpillar) ('Yguanes/Yugani/Iguanes-Spanish') is a branch of the Choctaw tribe ". The Yowani were named for their village, the reason for the founding of a trading post and what became the European-American town of Shubuta, Mississippi nearby. The Yowani continued to expand their holdings, eventually venturing into Louisiana, where they established close ties with the Caddo and adopted many of the Caddo customs. When Louisiana became part of the United States under the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, many of the Indian tribes in the territory wanted to emigrate to less hostile environs. Spain agreed to allow the Yowanis and the Alabama-Coushatta to move to Spanish Texas. In 1824, a second group of Yowani received permission from Mexico to establish villages in Texas. The Yowani gradually abandoned their original Mississippi homelands, and by 1850 most Yowani lived in Texas, Indian Territory, or in Rapides Parish, Louisiana. Context_10 : Choctaw mythology is related to Choctaws, a Native American tribe originally from the Southeastern United States (Mississippi, Alabama, and Louisiana). In the 19th century, Choctaws were known as one of the "Five Civilized Tribes." Today the Choctaws have four tribes, the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, Jena Band of Choctaw Indians, and the MOWA Band of Choctaw Indians. fact_1 :  210, also known as Treaty with the Choctaw) was signed on October 18, 1820 (proclaimed on January 8, 1821) between the United States and the Choctaw Indian tribe. fact_2 : The Choctaw (In the Choctaw language, Chahta) are a Native American people originally occupying what is now the Southeastern United States (modern-day Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, and Louisiana). Question: The Treaty of Doak's Stand, was signed on which date, between the United States and the Choctaw tribe, a Native American people originally occupying what is now the Southeastern United States (modern-day Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, and Louisiana)?
answer:
October 18, 1820


question:
Context_1 : Les Misérables is a 1909 American silent historical drama proto-feature film (four short films that can be seen separately, but when combined appear as a short film series resembling that of a full-length feature film). The proto-feature movie is based on the 1862 French novel of the same name by Victor Hugo, and stars Maurice Costello and William V. Ranous. It was directed by J. Stuart Blackton. Context_2 : Beedala Patlu (English: The Plight of the Poor ) is a 1972 Telugu, drama film, produced & directed by B. Vittalacharya on Sri Vital Productions & Co banner. Starring Akkineni Nageswara Rao in the lead role and music composed by K. V. Mahadevan. The film is based on 1862 French novel "Les Miserables" written by Victor Hugo which was already made in Telugu as "Same Title" (1950) simultaneously as Tamil movie "Ezhai Padum Padu" with Chittor V. Nagaiah and as Hindi movie "Kundan" (1955). Context_3 : Marius Pontmercy (] ) is a fictional character, one of the protagonists of Victor Hugo’s 1862 novel "Les Misérables". He is a young student, and the suitor of Cosette. Believing Cosette lost to him, and determined to die, he joins the revolutionary association Friends of the ABC, which he associates with, but is not a part of, as they take part in the 1832 June Rebellion. Facing death in the fight, his life is saved by Jean Valjean, and he subsequently weds Cosette, a young woman whom Valjean had raised as his own. Context_4 : Clémence Royer (21 April 1830 – 6 February 1902) was a self-taught French scholar who lectured and wrote on economics, philosophy, science and feminism. She is best known for her controversial 1862 French translation of Charles Darwin's "On the Origin of Species". Context_5 : Beedalapatlu or Beedala Patlu (English title: "The Plight of the Poor"; Telugu: బీదలపాట్లు) is a 1950 Telugu Drama film directed by K. Ramnoth starring Chittor V. Nagaiah. It was simultaneously made in the Tamil language as "Ezhai Padum Padu". The story is based on the 1862 French novel "Les Miserables" written by Victor Hugo. Context_6 : Les Misérables (] ) is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century. In the English-speaking world, the novel is usually referred to by its original French title. However, several alternatives have been used, including "The Miserables", "The Wretched", "The Miserable Ones", "The Poor Ones", "The Wretched Poor", "The Victims" and "The Dispossessed". Beginning in 1815 and culminating in the 1832 June Rebellion in Paris, the novel follows the lives and interactions of several characters, particularly the struggles of ex-convict Jean Valjean and his experience of redemption. Context_7 : Batman: The Ultimate Evil is a novel written by Andrew Vachss and published in 1995 by the Warner Aspect imprint of Warner Books. Vachss was an attorney specializing in child abuse cases, as well as a crime novelist best known for his series of books featuring the character Burke, a private investigator who also takes on child abuse cases. A representative from DC Comics approached Vachss about the possibility of writing a novel featuring Batman. Viewing this as an opportunity to reach a completely different audience, Vachss agreed and wrote a draft. He continued with his themes concerning child sexual abuse and explored the topic of child sex tourism. The publisher required Vachss to follow certain rules, like making a clear distinction between fiction and reality and prohibiting the Batman character from killing, cursing, or having sex. Context_8 : Cosette is a feminine given name, is pronounced koh-ZETT. It is of French origin, is best known as the heroine of ""Les Misérables"" (1862) by Victor Hugo, Cosette was the nickname given to the girl named Euphrasie by her mother and Cosette. Context_9 : Les Misérables is a 2012 epic musical drama film directed by Tom Hooper and scripted by William Nicholson, Alain Boublil, Claude-Michel Schönberg, and Herbert Kretzmer, based on the musical of the same name by Boublil and Schönberg which is in turn based on the 1862 French novel by Victor Hugo. The film is a British and American venture produced by Working Title Films and Cameron Mackintosh Ltd. and distributed by Universal Pictures. The film stars an ensemble cast led by Hugh Jackman, Russell Crowe, Anne Hathaway, Samantha Barks, and Amanda Seyfried. Context_10 : Vendetta for the Saint is a 1964 mystery novel featuring the character of Simon Templar, alias "The Saint". The novel is credited to Leslie Charteris, who created the Saint in 1928, but the book was actually authored by Harry Harrison, a noted science fiction author who also wrote the syndicated "Saint" comic strip. Although Harrison wrote the majority of the book as a ghost writer, he indicates in an interview that Charteris did contribute to the final book (albeit in a very minor way).. fact_1 :  It is of French origin, is best known as the heroine of ""Les Misérables"" (1862) by Victor Hugo, Cosette was the nickname given to the girl named Euphrasie by her mother and Cosette. fact_2 : Les Misérables (] ) is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century. Question: Who wrote the 1862 French novel featuring the character Cosette?
answer:

Victor Hugo