instruction:
In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
question:
Gravitational redshift was measured by Pound, Rebka, and Snider in Harvard's Jefferson Tower using this technique to detect a frequency shift of order one part in ten to the 14th. It can be used for precise studies of the Zeeman effect in nuclei. Iron 57 and tin 119 are two of the isotopes used in this type of spectroscopy due to narrow linewidths in their transitions. Before this technique, the large size of Doppler shifts relative to transition widths made nuclear spectroscopy problematic. It was discovered by its namesake when he was a graduate student at the Munich University of Technology. FTP, what is this effect in which a crystal lattice reduces recoil energy
answer:
Science


question:
Cardinal Thomas Gibbons' defense of this organization would lead to Pope Leo XIII issuing an encylical, Rerum Novarum, supporting organizations of their kind. In contrast with its inclusive reputation, a chapter of this group was involved in the Seattle riots of 1886. Internal feuding following the failed Missouri Pacific railroad strike of 1886, and the emergence of a rival organization of skilled craftsmen, meant that by 1900, this organization was almost nonexistent. Name this labor organization that helped lobby for the Chinese Exclusion Act and, for 10 points, was founded by nine tailors in Philadelphia in 1869 and reached its peak under Terence V. Powderly.
answer:
History


question:
A theorem named for him states that for a polynomial of degree n with integral coefficients, there exists a maximum of n solutions to f of x equals 0 modulo p. In addition, this man proved that every positive integer can be represented as a sum of four squares. A theorem named for him states that the order of a subgroup must divide the order of the group, and he is also the namesake of a method of finding the optima of a function by introducing the parameter lambda. The namesake of an error function associated with Taylor series, for 10 points, identify this Frenchie, who also found a set of points where a tiny body remains stationary relative to two larger bodies.
answer:

Science