In this task, you are given a summary for US Congressional and California state bill, your task is to generate a Title for this bill. The preferred titles are under forty words and mention the purpose of the bill.

Ex Input:
Railroad Antitrust Enforcement Act of 2008 - (Sec. 2) Amends the Clayton Act (the Act) to make federal antitrust laws applicable to all common carriers subject to the Surface Transportation Board (STB), regardless of whether the carrier filed a rail carrier rate or whether a complaint challenging a rate is filed.

(Sec. 3) Subjects to antitrust review agreements among rail carriers to pool or divide traffic, services, or earnings.

(Sec. 4) Authorizes the the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to enforce certain provisions of the Act against STB-approved agreements or combinations, including those related to rates.

(Sec. 5) Removes the prohibition against a private party seeking injunctive relief against a rail carrier for a violation of the antitrust laws.

(Sec. 6) Provides that, in any civil action against a rail common carrier, the U.S. district court shall not be required to defer to the primary jurisdiction of the STB.

(Sec. 7) Amends the Federal Trade Commission Act to authorize FTC enforcement against rail carriers for unfair methods of competition.

(Sec. 8) Amends federal transportation law to terminate the exemptions from antitrust laws for rail carriers, including mergers and acquisitions and ratemaking agreements.

Requires the STB when reviewing a proposed rate agreement, to take into account its impact upon shippers, consumers, and affected communities, and to make findings regarding such impact, which shall be made part of the administrative record.

Revises STB authority to provide that a rail carrier, corporation, or a person participating in an approved transaction is not exempt from specified antitrust laws.

(Sec. 9) Makes the date of enactment of this Act its effective date. Makes an exception for parties engaging prior to such enactment in conduct or actions previously exempted by STB approval (such parties to have 180 days to discontinue such conduct or action or otherwise become subject to the antitrust laws).

Ex Output:
To amend the Federal antitrust laws to provide expanded coverage and to eliminate exemptions from such laws that are contrary to the public interest with respect to railroads.


Ex Input:
Independent Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage Act of 1994 - Amends the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 to provide that if the Secretary of Energy does not have a facility available to accept high level radioactive wastes or spent nuclear fuel from certain commercial nuclear facilities by a specified deadline, such facilities may offset the expenses of providing storage of spent fuel generated after that date through credits on certain fee payments until the date of the Secretary's first acceptance at an authorized storage or disposal facility.

Ex Output:
Independent Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage Act of 1994


Ex Input:
Yerington Land Conveyance and Sustainable Development Act - Directs the Secretary of the Interior to convey to the city of Yerington, Nevada, all interest of the United States in the federal lands located in Lyon and Mineral Counties, Nevada, identified as "City of Yerington Sustainable Development Conveyance Lands" in exchange for consideration in an amount that is equal to their fair market value.

Makes the city of Yerington responsible for all survey, appraisal, and other administrative costs associated with the conveyance of such lands.

Releases the United States, upon such conveyance, from liabilities or claims of any kind or nature arising from the presence, release, or threat of release of any hazardous substance, pollutant, contaminant, petroleum product (or derivative thereof), solid waste, mine materials, or mining- related features on the federal land in existence on or before the date of the conveyance.

Ex Output:

To convey certain Federal land to the city of Yerington, Nevada.