instruction:
In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.
question:
Context: To test the hypothesis that core and suggestive features in possible dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) would vary in their ability to predict an abnormal dopamine transporter scan and therefore a follow-up diagnosis of probable DLB. A further objective was to assess the evolution of core and suggestive features in patients with possible DLB over time depending on the (123)I-FP-CIT SPECT scan result.', 'A total of 187 patients with possible DLB (dementia plus one core or one suggestive feature) were randomized to have dopamine transporter imaging or to follow-up without scan. DLB features were compared at baseline and at 6-month follow-up according to imaging results and follow-up diagnosis.', "For the whole cohort, the baseline frequency of parkinsonism was 30%, fluctuations 29%, visual hallucinations 24%, and REM sleep behavior disorder 17%. Clinician-rated presence of parkinsonism at baseline was significantly (p = 0.001) more frequent and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) score at baseline was significantly higher (p = 0.02) in patients with abnormal imaging. There was a significant increase in UPDRS score in the abnormal scan group over time (p < 0.01). There was relatively little evolution of the rest of the DLB features regardless of the imaging result.\Question: Do evolution of clinical features in possible DLB depending on FP-CIT SPECT result?
answer:
In patients with possible DLB, apart from UPDRS score, there was no difference in the evolution of DLB clinical features over 6 months between cases with normal and abnormal imaging. Only parkinsonism and dopamine transporter imaging helped to differentiate DLB from non-DLB dementia.


question:
Context: To investigate the impact of prophylactic hyperoxic ventilation with Fio2 0.6 on the physiologic limit of acute normovolemic anemia.', 'Prospective, controlled, randomized experimental study.', 'Experimental animal laboratory of a university hospital.', 'Fourteen anesthetized domestic pigs.', 'Animals were randomly ventilated with either Fio2 0.21 (group 0.21, n = 7) or Fio2 0.6 (group 0.6, n = 7), and acute anemia was induced by isovolemic blood-for-hydroxy-ethylstarch (HES) exchange using a 6% HES solution (130/0.4).', 'The blood-for-HES-exchange was continued until a sudden decrease of total body oxygen consumption indicated the onset of oxygen supply dependency (primary end point); the corresponding hemoglobin (Hb) concentration was defined as "critical" (Hb(crit)). Secondary end points were changes in myocardial function, central hemodynamics, oxygen transport, and tissue oxygenation. Compared with room air ventilation (Fio2 0.21), hyperoxic ventilation with Fio2 0.6 enabled a larger blood-for-HES-exchange (139%, 124/156) of circulating blood volume vs. 87% (68/94, p < .05), until Hb(crit) was reached (1.5 g/dL [1.4/2.1] vs. 2.4 g/dL [2.0/2.8], p < .05). At Hb 2.4 g/dL (i.e., Hb(crit) in group 0.21), animals of group 0.6 still presented with superior oxygen transport, tissue oxygenation, and hemodynamic stability. However, hemodynamic and oxygen transport variables were found deteriorated more severely at Hb 1.5 g/dL (i.e., Hb(crit) of group 0.6) compared with group 0.21 at Hb 2.4 g/dL.\Question: Does hyperoxic ventilation increase the tolerance of acute normovolemic anemia in anesthetized pigs?
answer:
During cell-free volume replacement, hyperoxic ventilation with Fio2 0.6 generates a readily usable plasmatic oxygen reserve and thereby increases the tolerance toward acute normovolemic anemia.


question:
Context: Tobacco smoking is a public health issue and has been implicated in adverse reproductive outcomes including semen quality. Available data however provides conflicting findings. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tobacco smoking on semen quality among men in Ghana.', 'In this study, a total of 140 subjects were recruited, comprising 95 smokers and 45 non-smokers. Smokers were further categorized into mild, moderate and heavy smokers. Semen parameters such as sperm concentration, motility, viability and normal morphology were measured according to the World Health Organisation criteria.', 'The study showed that smokers had significantly lower semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm motility, total sperm count, sperm morphology, free testosterone and follicle stimulating hormone (p <0.05 respectively), compared with non-smokers. Smokers were at a higher risk of developing oligospermia, asthenozoospermia and teratozoospermia (OR\u2009=\u20093.1, 4.2 and, 4.7; p <0.05) than non-smokers.\Question: Is tobacco smoking associated with decreased semen quality?
answer:

Results demonstrated a decline in semen quality in a dose dependent tobacco smoking manner.