instruction:
In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question based on the context. You have to classify the questions into "Extractive", "Abstractive", or "Yes-no" questions. Extractive questions can be answered by concatenating extracts taken from a context into a summary while answering abstractive questions involves paraphrasing the context using novel sentences. Yes-no question is a question whose expected answer is one of two choices, one that affirms the question and one that denies the question. Typically, the choices are either yes or no.
question:
The study of the mathematical structure of grammar has indicated that the fundamental things making up sentences are not the words, but some atomic grammatical types, such as the noun-type and the sentence-type BIBREF23 , BIBREF24 , BIBREF25 . The transitive verb-type is not an atomic grammatical type, but a composite made up of two noun-types and one sentence-type. Hence, particularly interesting here is that atomic doesn't really mean smallest...

On the other hand, just like in particle physics where we have particles and anti-particles, the atomic types include types as well as anti-types. But unlike in particle physics, there are two kinds of anti-types, namely left ones and right ones. This makes language even more non-commutative than quantum theory! 
 Question: Do they break down word meanings into elementary particles as in the standard model of quantum theory?
answer:
Yes-no


question:
Finally, the decoder task, which predicts the target sequence probability at time INLINEFORM3 based on previous output and context information INLINEFORM4 , can be formulated as: DISPLAYFORM0 
 Question: How does their decoder generate text?
answer:
Extractive


question:
The baselines are: (a) trained on S-SQuAD, (b) trained on T-SQuAD and then fine-tuned on S-SQuAD, and (c) previous best model trained on S-SQuAD BIBREF5 by using Dr.QA BIBREF20 . The proposed approach (row (f)) outperforms previous best model (row (c)) by 2% EM score and over 1.5% F1 score. 
 Question: What was the previous best model?
answer:

Extractive