instruction:
In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
question:
By averaging this quantity, the reduction of a certain intermolecular function to an angle-independent form for polar fluids can be performed in order to express conformal-solution theory. For liquid metals, the upper bound of this quantity can be obtained by the Gibbs-Bogoliubov inequality. It is equal to the negative product of Boltzmann's constant, temperature, and the natural log of the partition function. The change in this quantity is equal to the maximum work accompanying a process, and it is defined as internal energy minus the product of temperature and entropy. For 10 points, name this quantity symbolized by either A or F, a type of free energy named for a German scientist.
answer:
Science


question:
This author denounced V. S. Naipaul for identifying with wealthy, modernized countries, and contrasted him with Narayan's interest in the people of Malgudi in his essay "Today, a Balance of Stories. " He described a boy ashamed of writing about the harmattan in an essay about the function of the author, "The Novelist as Teacher. " This author wrote that "art for art's sake is just another piece of deodorized dog-shit" and argued that Armah's novel The Beautyful Ones are Not Yet Born ignores the sickness of Ghana for the sickness of the modern world in "Africa and Her Writers. " This founding editor of the literary magazine Okike wrote a novel in which Odo prostitutes his daughter Edna for money paid by Nanga, who maneuvers to win an election over Odili Samalu. The protagonist of another of his novels wins a scholarship from the UPU before returning to Lagos and taking bribes to pay for the abortion of his girlfriend Clara. For 10 points, name this author of A Man of the People, who wrote about Obi Okonkwo in No Longer at Ease, the sequel to his novel Things Fall Apart. 
answer:
Literature


question:
One variety of this economic concept arises from maximizing utility within a fixed budget, and another arises from setting a target level of utility and minimizing cost. Those are elated to each other by the Slutsky equation and are known as its Marshallian and Hicksian forms. In macroeconomics, this is equal to the sum of consumer spending, government spending, private investment, and net exports, called its aggregate form. For 10 points, identify this economic concept which describes the willingness of consumers to pay a price for a good or service, often paired with supply.
answer:

Social Science