In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

Input: Consider Input: on the contrary, what impresses me is the obduracy of high-minded state courts, like that of new york under the leadership of judge cardozo, in refusing to adopt the federal rule of exclusion.

Output: non-overruling


Input: Consider Input: therefore, we must hold that, contrary to our earlier decisions in homa and in this case, the rule established by the new jersey supreme court in muhammad is preempted by the faa.

Output: overruling


Input: Consider Input: we hold, therefore, that  537.080 does provide a cause of action for the wrongful death of a viable fetus.


Output: overruling