instruction:
In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Scientifically Identifying the Need 
for Critical Habitat Act''.

SEC. 2. DISCRETIONARY AUTHORITY TO DESIGNATE CRITICAL HABITAT.

    Section 4(a)(3) of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 
1533(a)(3)(A)) is amended to read as follows:
            ``(A) may designate any habitat of a species that is 
        determined under paragraph (1) to be an endangered species or 
        threatened species as critical habitat of such species; and ''.

SEC. 3. SOUND SCIENCE.

    (a) Best Scientific and Commercial Data Available.--
            (1) In general.--Section 3 of the Endangered Species Act of 
        1973 (16 U.S.C. 1532) is amended--
                    (A) by amending the section heading to read as 
                follows:

``SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS AND GENERAL PROVISIONS. '';

                    (B) by striking ``For the purposes of this Act--'' 
                and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this Act:''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Use of Certain Data.--In any case in which the Secretary is 
required by this Act to use the best scientific and commercial data 
available, the Secretary, in evaluating comparable data, shall give 
greater weight to scientific or commercial data that is empirical or 
has been field-tested or peer-reviewed.''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--The table of contents in the 
        first section of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 
        prec. 1531) is amended by striking the item relating to section 
        3 and inserting the following:

``Sec. 3. Definitions and general provisions.''.
    (b) Use of Sound Science in Listing.--Section 4(b) of the 
Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1533(b)) is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
            ``(9) Establishment of criteria for scientific studies to 
        support listing.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this paragraph, the Secretary shall promulgate 
        regulations that establish criteria that must be met for 
        scientific and commercial data to be used as the basis of a 
        determination under this section that a species is an 
        endangered species or a threatened species.
            ``(10) Field data.--
                    ``(A) Requirement.--The Secretary may not determine 
                that a species is an endangered species or a threatened 
                species unless the determination is supported by data 
                obtained by observation of the species in the field.
                    ``(B) Data from landowners.--The Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) accept and acknowledge receipt of 
                        data regarding the status of a species that is 
                        collected by an owner of land through 
                        observation of the species on the land; and
                            ``(ii) include the data in the rulemaking 
                        record compiled for any determination that the 
                        species is an endangered species or a 
                        threatened species.''.
    (c) Use of Sound Science in Recovery Planning.--Section 4(f) of the 
Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1533(f)) is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``(6)(A) The Secretary shall identify and publish in the Federal 
Register with the notice of a proposed regulation pursuant to paragraph 
(5)(A)(i) a description of additional scientific and commercial data 
that would assist in the preparation of a recovery plan and--
            ``(i) invite any person to submit the data to the 
        Secretary; and
            ``(ii) describe the steps that the Secretary plans to take 
        for acquiring additional data.
    ``(B) Data identified and obtained under subparagraph (A)(i) shall 
be considered by the recovery team and the Secretary in the preparation 
of the recovery plan in accordance with section 5.''.

SEC. 4. PEER REVIEW.

    Section 4 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1533) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(j) Independent Scientific Review Requirements.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Action.--The term `action' means--
                            ``(i) the determination that a species is 
                        an endangered species or a threatened species 
                        under subsection (a);
                            ``(ii) the determination under subsection 
                        (a) that an endangered species or a threatened 
                        species be removed from any list published 
                        under subsection (c)(1);
                            ``(iii) the development of a recovery plan 
                        for a threatened species or endangered species 
                        under subsection (f); and
                            ``(iv) the determination that a proposed 
                        action is likely to jeopardize the continued 
                        existence of a listed species and the proposal 
                        of any reasonable and prudent alternatives by 
                        the Secretary under section 7(b)(3).
                    ``(B) Qualified individual.--The term `qualified 
                individual' means an individual with expertise in the 
                biological sciences--
                            ``(i) who through publication of peer-
                        reviewed scientific literature or other means, 
                        has demonstrated scientific expertise on the 
                        species or a similar species or other 
                        scientific expertise relevant to the decision 
                        of the Secretary under subsection (a) or (f);
                            ``(ii) who does not have, or represent any 
                        person with, a conflict of interest with 
                        respect to the determination that is the 
                        subject of the review;
                            ``(iii) who is not a participant in any 
                        petition or proposed or final determination 
                        before the Secretary; and
                            ``(iv) who has no direct financial 
                        interest, and is not employed by any person 
                        with a direct financial interest, in opposing 
                        the action under consideration.
            ``(2) List of independent scientific reviewers.--The 
        Secretary shall solicit recommendations from the National 
        Academy of Sciences and develop and maintain a list of 
        qualified reviewers to participate in independent scientific 
        review actions.
            ``(3) Appointment of independent scientific reviewers.--(A) 
        Before any action shall become final, the Secretary shall 
        appoint randomly, from among the list prepared in accordance 
        with this section, 3 qualified individuals who shall review and 
        report to the Secretary on the scientific information and 
        analyses on which the proposed action is based.
            ``(B) The selection and activities of the referees selected 
        pursuant to this section shall not be subject to the Federal 
        Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).
            ``(C) Reviewers shall be compensated for conducting the 
        independent review.
            ``(4) Opinion of peer reviewers.--Independent reviewers 
        shall provide the Secretary, within 3 months, their opinion 
        regarding all relevant scientific information and assumptions 
        relating to the taxonomy, population models, and supportive 
        biological and ecological information for the species in 
        question.
            ``(5) Final determination.--If the referees have made a 
        recommendation on a proposed action, the Secretary shall 
        evaluate and consider the information that results from the 
        independent scientific review and include in the final 
        determination--
                    ``(A) a summary of the results of the independent 
                scientific review; and
                    ``(B) in a case in which the recommendation of a 
                majority of the referees who conducted the independent 
                scientific review is not followed, an explanation as to 
                why the recommendation was not followed.
            ``(6) Public notice.--The report of the peer reviewers 
        shall be included in the official record of the proposed action 
        and shall be available for public review prior to the close of 
        the comment period on the proposed action.''.

SEC. 5. IMPROVED RECOVERY PLANNING.

    (a) Use of Information Provided by States.--Section 7(b)(1) of the 
Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1536(b)(1)) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) Use of state information.--In conducting a 
                consultation under subsection (a)(2), the Secretary 
                shall actively solicit and consider information from 
                the State agency in each affected State.''.
    (b) Opportunity to Participate in Consultations.--Section 7(b)(1) 
of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1536(b)(1)) (as 
amended by subsection (a)) is further amended by adding at the end the 
following:
                    ``(D) Opportunity to participate in 
                consultations.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In conducting a 
                        consultation under subsection (a)(2), the 
                        Secretary shall provide any person who has 
                        sought authorization or funding from a Federal 
                        agency for an action that is the subject of the 
                        consultation, the opportunity to--
                                    ``(I) before the development of a 
                                draft biological opinion, submit and 
                                discuss with the Secretary and the 
                                Federal agency information relevant to 
                                the effect of the proposed action on 
                                the species and the availability of 
                                reasonable and prudent alternatives (if 
                                a jeopardy opinion is to be issued) 
                                that the Federal agency and the person 
                                can take to avoid violation of 
                                subsection (a)(2);
                                    ``(II) receive information, on 
                                request, subject to the exemptions 
                                specified in section 552(b) of title 5, 
                                United States Code, on the status of 
                                the species, threats to the species, 
                                and conservation measures, used by the 
                                Secretary to develop the draft 
                                biological opinion and the final 
                                biological opinion, including the 
                                associated incidental taking 
                                statements; and
                                    ``(III) receive a copy of the draft 
                                biological opinion from the Federal 
                                agency and, before issuance of the 
                                final biological opinion, submit 
                                comments on the draft biological 
                                opinion and discuss with the Secretary 
                                and the Federal agency the basis for 
                                any finding in the draft biological 
                                opinion.
                            ``(ii) Explanation.--If reasonable and 
                        prudent alternatives are proposed by a person 
                        under clause (i) and the Secretary does not 
                        include the alternatives in the final 
                        biological opinion, the Secretary shall explain 
                        to the person why those alternatives were not 
                        included in the opinion.
                            ``(iii) Public access to information.--
                        Comments and other information submitted to, or 
                        received from, any person (pursuant to clause 
                        (i)) who seeks authorization or funding for an 
                        action shall be maintained in a file for that 
                        action by the Secretary and shall be made 
                        available to the public (subject to the 
                        exemptions specified in section 552(b) of title 
                        5, United States Code).''.
answer:
Scientifically Identifying the Need for Critical Habitat Act - Amends the Endangered Species Act of 1973 to change from mandatory to discretionary the authority of the Secretary of the Interior to designate critical habitat of an endangered or threatened species.

Directs the Secretary, when required by the Act to use the best scientific and commercial data available, in evaluating comparable data to give greater weight to such data that is empirical or has been field-tested or peer-reviewed.

Specifies requirements for the use of sound science in the listing of endangered or threatened species such as: (1) the establishment of criteria for scientific studies to support the listing; (2) use of data obtained by observation of the species in the field; and (3) use of data from landowners who have observed such species on their land. Requires the use of sound science in the preparation of a recovery plan for an endangered or threatened species.

Sets forth requirements for: (1) peer review before certain action can become final with respect to endangered or threatened species; and (2) use of information provided by States affected by such species or their habitat for recovery plans.


question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Commercial Mortgage Capital 
Availability Act of 1993''.

SEC. 2. INSURED DEPOSITORY INSTITUTION CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS FOR 
              TRANSFERS OF MORTGAGE LOANS.

    (a) Accounting Principles.--The accounting principles applicable to 
the transfer of a mortgage loan with recourse contained in reports or 
statements required to be filed with Federal banking agencies by a 
qualified insured depository institution shall be consistent with 
generally accepted accounting principles.
    (b) Capital and Reserve Requirements.--With respect to the transfer 
of a mortgage loan with recourse that is a sale under generally 
accepted accounting principles, each qualified insured depository 
institution shall--
            (1) establish and maintain a reserve equal to an amount 
        sufficient to meet the reasonable estimated liability of the 
        institution under the recourse arrangement; and
            (2) treat as an asset (for purposes of applicable capital 
        standards and other capital measures, including risk-based 
        capital requirements) only the maximum amount at risk under the 
        recourse arrangement.
    (c) Qualified Institutions Defined.--An insured depository 
institution is a qualified insured depository institution for purposes 
of this section if, without regard to the accounting principles or 
capital requirements referred to in subsections (a) and (b), the 
institution is--
            (1) well capitalized; or
            (2) with the approval, by regulation or order, of the 
        appropriate Federal banking agency, adequately capitalized.
    (d) Aggregate Amount of Recourse.--The total outstanding amount at 
risk with respect to transfers of mortgage loans under subsections (a) 
and (b) (together with the amount at risk under any provisions of law 
substantially similar to subsections (a) and (b)) shall not exceed--
            (1) the amount which is equal to 15 percent of the risk-
        based capital of the institution; or
            (2) such greater amount, as established by the appropriate 
        Federal banking agency by regulation or order.
    (e) Institutions That Cease To Be Qualified or Exceed Aggregate 
Limits.--If an insured depository institution ceases to be a qualified 
insured depository institution or exceeds the limits under subsection 
(d), this section shall remain applicable to any transfer of mortgage 
loans that occurred at a time when the institution was qualified and 
had not exceeded such limit.
    (f) Prompt Corrective Action not Affected.--The capital of an 
insured depository institution shall be computed without regard to this 
section in determining whether the institution is less than well 
capitalized.
    (g) Regulations Required.--Before the end of the 180-day period 
beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, each appropriate 
Federal banking agency shall prescribe final regulations implementing 
this section.
    (h) Alternative System Permitted.--
            (1) In general.--At the discretion of the appropriate 
        Federal banking agency, this section shall not apply if the 
        regulations of the agency provide that the aggregate amount of 
        capital and reserves required with respect to the transfer of 
        mortgage loans with recourse does not exceed the aggregate 
        amount of capital and reserves that would be required under 
        subsection (b).
            (2) Existing transactions not affected.--Notwithstanding 
        paragraph (1), this section shall remain in effect with respect 
        to transfers of mortgage loans with recourse by qualified 
        insured depository institutions occurring before the effective 
        date of regulations referred to in paragraph (1).
    (i) Definitions.--The following definitions apply for purposes of 
this section:
            (1) Adequately capitalized.--The term ``adequately 
        capitalized'' has the same meaning as in section 38(b) of the 
        Federal Deposit Insurance Act.
            (2) Appropriate federal banking agency.--The term 
        ``appropriate Federal banking agency'' has the same meaning as 
        in section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act.
            (3) Capital standards.--The term ``capital standards'' has 
        the same meaning as in section 38(c) of the Federal Deposit 
        Insurance Act.
            (4) Federal banking agencies.--The term ``Federal banking 
        agencies'' has the same meaning as in section 3 of the Federal 
        Deposit Insurance Act.
            (5) Insured depository institution.--The term ``insured 
        depository institution'' has the same meaning as in section 3 
        of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act.
            (6) Other capital measures.--The term ``other capital 
        measures'' has the same meaning as in section 38(c) of the 
        Federal Deposit Insurance Act.
            (7) Recourse.--The term ``recourse'' has the meaning given 
        to such term under generally accepted accounting principles.
            (8) Mortgage loan.--The term ``mortgage loan'' means any--
                    (A) note or certificate of interest or 
                participation in a note (including any rights designed 
                to assure servicing of, or the timeliness of receipt by 
                the holders of such notes, certificates, or 
                participation of amounts payable under such notes, 
                certificates or participation) that is principally 
                secured by an interest in real property; or
                    (B) any security (within the meaning of section 8 
                of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is secured 
                by one or more notes described in subparagraph (A) or 
                certificates of interest or participation in such notes 
                (with or without recourse to issuers thereof) and that, 
                by its terms, provides for payments of principal in 
                relation to payments, or reasonable projections of 
                payments, on notes described in subparagraph (A) or 
                certificates of interest or participation in such 
                notes.
            (9) Well capitalized.--The term ``well capitalized'' has 
        the same meaning as in section 38(b) of the Federal Deposit 
        Insurance Act.

SEC. 3. AMENDMENT TO DEFINITION OF MORTGAGE RELATED SECURITY.

    Section 3(a)(41)(A)(i) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 
U.S.C. 78c(a)(41)(A)(i)) is amended by inserting before the semicolon 
``, or on 1 or more parcels of real estate upon which is located one or 
more commercial structures''.

SEC. 4. AUTHORITY TO EXEMPT COMMERCIAL MORTGAGE RELATED SECURITIES 
              TRANSACTIONS FROM PROHIBITED TRANSACTION RULES.

    The Secretary of Labor, in consultation with the Secretary of the 
Treasury, shall exempt, either unconditionally or on stated terms and 
conditions, transactions involving commercial mortgage related 
securities (as such term is defined in section 3(a)(41) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended by section 3 of this Act) 
from--
            (1) the restrictions of sections 406(a) and 407(a) of the 
        Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974; and
            (2) the taxes imposed under section 4975 of the Internal 
        Revenue Code of 1986.

SEC. 5. PROVISIONS TO SAFEGUARD THE INTEGRITY OF THE SECURITIZATION 
              PROCESS, AND THE SAFETY AND SOUNDNESS OF FEDERALLY 
              INSURED INSTITUTIONS.

    (a) Compliance With Securities Regulations.--Any security relying 
on the provisions of this Act shall comply with all rules and 
regulations of Federal securities laws applicable thereto, as 
determined taking into account the provisions of this Act, including 
all provisions relating to required disclosure to investors, 
registrations, reporting and compliance, and all anti-fraud provisions.
    (b) Treatment of Bank Issued or Purchased Mortgage Backed 
Securities for Purposes of Minimum Capital Requirements.--
            (1) Mortgages held by bank to back securities.--If an issue 
        of securities backed by mortgage loans represents a liability 
        on the balance sheet of an insured depository institution and 
        the assets backing such obligation represent assets on the 
        balance sheet of such institution, the institution shall 
        maintain minimum adequate capital with regard to such assets as 
        prescribed by all applicable rules and regulations of the 
        banking agencies with supervisory and examination authority 
        over such institution, as determined taking into account the 
        provisions of this Act.
            (2) Securities held by bank.--If an insured depository 
        institution purchases a mortgage-related security to which the 
        provisions of this Act apply, the institution shall maintain 
        minimum adequate capital with respect to such security and all 
        other assets as prescribed by all applicable rules and 
        regulations of the banking agencies with supervisory and 
        examination authority over such institution, as determined 
        taking into account the provisions of this Act.
answer:
Commercial Mortgage Capital Availability Act of 1993 - Sets forth a regulatory scheme under which qualified insured depository institutions meeting prescribed reserve and capital requirements may execute mortgage loan transfers with a recourse arrangement. 
Amends the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to modify the definition of "mortgage related security" to include notes directly secured by a first lien on real estate with commercial structures located upon it (thus bringing such securities within the purview of the Act). 
Directs the Secretary of Labor to exempt commercial mortgage related securities transactions from:  (1) certain restrictions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974; and (2) certain taxes imposed under the Internal Revenue Code. 
Mandates that securities relying on the provisions of this Act comply with all Federal securities laws relating to disclosure to investors, registrations, reporting and anti-fraud provisions. 
Requires insured depository institutions to maintain the minimum adequate capital prescribed by regulatory banking agencies when executing mortgage backed securities transactions.


question:
SECTION 1. VOLUNTARY LIMITS ON CAMPAIGN ADVERTISING.

    Title III of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 
431 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 324. VOLUNTARY ADVERTISING LIMITS AND BENEFITS FOR ELIGIBLE 
              CONGRESSIONAL CANDIDATES.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) Campaign advertising.--The term `campaign 
        advertising' means a disbursement for any communication through 
        any broadcasting station.
            ``(2) Eligible congressional candidate.--The term `eligible 
        congressional candidate' means a candidate for nomination to, 
        or election to, the Senate or the House of Representatives that 
        the Commission has certified under subsection (d) as an 
        eligible candidate for a primary or general election.
            ``(3) General election period.--The term `general election 
        period' means the time period beginning on the date that is 60 
        days before the date of the general election for the office to 
        which the candidate is seeking election and ending on the date 
        of the general election.
            ``(4) Primary election period.--The term `primary election 
        period' means the time period beginning on the date that is 30 
        days before the date of the primary election for the office to 
        which the candidate is seeking election and ending on the date 
        of the primary election.
    ``(b) Requirements.--
            ``(1) In general.--A candidate for election, or nomination 
        for election, to the Senate or House of Representatives is an 
        eligible candidate--
                    ``(A) for purposes of a primary election, if the 
                Commission certifies that the candidate has met the 
                primary election filing requirement of paragraph (2); 
                and
                    ``(B) for purposes of a general election, if the 
                Commission certifies that the candidate has met the 
                general election filing requirement of paragraph (3).
            ``(2) Primary election filing requirement.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The requirement of this 
                paragraph is met if the candidate files with the 
                Commission a declaration that--
                            ``(i) the candidate and the candidate's 
                        authorized committees will not participate in 
                        campaign advertising except during the primary 
                        election period; and
                            ``(ii) at least 1 other candidate has 
                        qualified for the same primary election ballot 
                        under the law of the candidate's State.
                    ``(B) Deadline for filing primary election 
                declaration.--The declaration under subparagraph (A) 
                shall be filed not later than the date on which the 
                candidate files, with the appropriate State officer, as 
                a candidate for the primary election.
            ``(3) General election filing requirement.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The requirement of this 
                paragraph is met if the candidate files with the 
                Commission a declaration that the candidate and the 
                candidate's authorized committees will not participate 
                in campaign advertising except during the general 
                election period.
                    ``(B) Deadline for filing general election 
                declaration.--The declaration under subparagraph (A) 
                shall be filed not later than 7 days after the earlier 
                of--
                            ``(i) the date on which the candidate 
                        qualifies for the general election ballot under 
                        State law; or
                            ``(ii) if under State law, a primary or 
                        runoff election to qualify for the general 
                        election ballot occurs after September 1, the 
                        date on which the candidate wins the primary or 
                        runoff election.
    ``(c) Benefits for Eligible Congressional Candidates.--
            ``(1) In general.--If an eligible congressional candidate 
        has an opponent who has qualified for the ballot, the candidate 
        shall be entitled to the broadcast media rates provided under 
        section 315(b)(2) of the Communications Act of 1934.
            ``(2) Use of benefit.--An eligible congressional candidate 
        that uses the broadcast media rates under paragraph (1) for 
        broadcast time shall use the time for a communication that is 
        not less than 60 seconds in length.
    ``(d) Certification.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Commission shall determine whether a 
        candidate has met the requirements of this section and, based 
        on the determination, issue a certification stating whether the 
        candidate is an eligible candidate for the applicable election 
        entitled to receive benefits under this section.
            ``(2) Certification.--
                    ``(A) Primary election.--Not later than 7 business 
                days after a candidate files a declaration under 
                subsection (b)(2), the Commission shall determine 
                whether the candidate meets the eligibility 
                requirements of such subsection and, if so, certify 
                that the candidate is an eligible candidate for the 
primary election entitled to receive benefits under this section.
                    ``(B) General election.--Not later than 7 business 
                days after a candidate files a declaration under 
                subsection (b)(3), the Commission shall determine 
                whether the candidate meets the eligibility requirement 
                of such subsection and, if so, certify that the 
                candidate is an eligible candidate for the general 
                election entitled to receive benefits under this title.
    ``(e) Revocation of Certification.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Commission shall revoke a 
        certification under subsection (d), based on information 
        submitted in such form and manner as the Commission may require 
        or on information that comes to the Commission by other means, 
        if the Commission determines that a candidate--
                    ``(A) violates any requirement of this section; or
                    ``(B) fails to continue to meet the requirements of 
                this section.
            ``(2) No further benefits.--A candidate whose certification 
        has been revoked shall be ineligible for any further benefits 
        made available under this section for the duration of the 
        election cycle.
    ``(f) Determinations by Commission.--A determination (including a 
certification under subsection (d)) made by the Commission under this 
title shall be final, except to the extent that the determination is 
subject to judicial review.
    ``(g) Penalty for Misuse of Benefits.--If the Commission revokes 
the certification of an eligible congressional candidate, the 
Commission shall so notify the candidate, and the candidate shall pay 
to the provider of any benefit received by the candidate under this 
section an amount equal to the difference between the amount the 
candidate paid for such benefit and the amount the candidate would have 
paid for the benefit if the candidate were not an eligible 
congressional candidate.''.

SEC. 2. BROADCAST RATES AND PREEMPTION.

    (a) Broadcast Rates.--Section 315(b) of the Communications Act of 
1934 (47 U.S.C. 315(b)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``(b) The charges'' and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(b) Broadcast Media Rates.--
            ``(1) In general.--The charges'';
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
        subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and adjusting the 
        margins accordingly;
            (3) in paragraph (1)(A) (as redesignated by paragraph 
        (2))--
                    (A) by striking ``forty-five'' and inserting 
                ``30''; and
                    (B) by striking ``lowest unit charge of the station 
                for the same class and amount of time for the same 
                period'' and inserting ``lowest charge of the station 
                for the same amount of time for the same period on the 
                same date''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Eligible congressional candidates.--
                    ``(A) Eligible congressional candidates.--In the 
                case of an eligible congressional candidate (as defined 
                in section 324 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 
                1971) the charges for the use of a television 
                broadcasting station during the 30-day period and 60-
                day period referred to in paragraph (1)(A) shall not 
                exceed 50 percent of the lowest charge described in 
                paragraph (1)(A).
                    ``(B) Noneligible congressional candidates.--In the 
                case of a candidate for Federal office who is not an 
                eligible congressional candidate (as so defined), 
                paragraph (1)(A) shall not apply.''.
    (b) Preemption; Access.--Section 315 of the Communications Act of 
1934 (47 U.S.C. 315) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d), as 
        subsections (d) and (e), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
    ``(c) Preemption.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), a 
        licensee shall not preempt the use, during any period specified 
        in subsection (b)(1)(A), of a broadcasting station by an 
        eligible congressional candidate (as defined in section 324 of 
        the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971) that has purchased 
        and paid for such use pursuant to subsection (b)(2).
            ``(2) Circumstances beyond control of licensee.--If a 
        program to be broadcast by a broadcasting station is preempted 
        because of circumstances beyond the control of the broadcasting 
        station, any candidate advertising spot scheduled to be 
        broadcast during that program may also be preempted.''.
    (c) Revocation of License for Failure To Permit Access.--Section 
312(a)(7) of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 312(a)(7)) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``or repeated'';
            (2) by inserting ``or cable system'' after ``broadcasting 
        station''; and
            (3) by striking ``his candidacy'' and inserting ``the 
        candidacy of the candidate, under the same terms, conditions, 
        and business practices as apply to the most favored advertiser 
        of the licensee''.
    (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take 
effect on the date that is 60 days after the date of enactment of this 
Act.
answer:

Amends the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 to define an "eligible congressional candidate" as a candidate to the Senate or the House of Representatives who makes specified declarations to the Federal Election Commission (FEC) that:  (1) such candidate and the candidate's authorized committees will not participate in campaign advertising except during the primary or general election period (30 and 60 days before each such election, respectively); and (2) at least one other candidate has qualified for the same primary election ballot under the law of the candidate's State. 
Entitles eligible congressional candidates with opponents who have qualified for the ballot to reduced broadcast media rates.  Requires candidates so entitled to use the time for communications at least 60 seconds in length. 
Sets forth FEC certification requirements with respect to declarations.  Makes candidates whose certifications have been revoked ineligible for further benefits for the duration of the election cycle.  Requires candidates with revoked certifications to reimburse benefit providers for any difference in rates. 
Amends the Communications Act of 1934 to require a broadcast station to make broadcast time available to all House and Senate candidates in the last 30 (currently, 45) days before a primary at the lowest charge of the station for the same amount of time (currently, the same class and amount of time) for the same period on the same date.  Limits charges for broadcast time during such period (and the 60-day period preceding a general or special election) for eligible congressional candidates to 50 percent of the lowest charge. 
Prohibits broadcasters from preempting advertisements by eligible congressional candidates during such periods, unless the preemption is beyond the broadcaster's control. 
Authorizes the Federal Communications Commission to revoke a station license or construction permit for willful (currently, willful or repeated) failure to allow reasonable access to, or permit purchase of time for, the use of a broadcasting station or cable system by a legally qualified candidate under the same terms as apply to the most favored advertiser of the licensee.