instruction:
Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.
question:
Large mega base-pair genomic regions show robust alterations in DNA methylation levels in multiple cancers. A vast majority of these regions are hypomethylated in cancers. These regions are generally enriched for CpG islands, Lamin Associated Domains and Large organized chromatin lysine modification domains, and are associated with stochastic variability in gene expression. Given the size and consistency of hypomethylated blocks (HMB) across cancer types, we hypothesized that the immediate causes of methylation instability are likely to be encoded in the genomic region near HMB boundaries, in terms of specific genomic or epigenomic signatures. However, a detailed characterization of the HMB boundaries has not been reported.', 'Here, we focused on ~13 k HMBs, encompassing approximately half of the genome, identified in colon cancer. We modeled the genomic features of HMB boundaries by Random Forest to identify their salient features, in terms of transcription factor (TF) binding motifs. Additionally we analyzed various epigenomic marks, and chromatin structural features of HMB boundaries relative to the non-HMB genomic regions.', 'We found that the classical promoter epigenomic mark--H3K4me3, is highly enriched at HMB boundaries, as are CTCF bound sites. HMB boundaries harbor distinct combinations of TF motifs. Our Random Forest model based on TF motifs can accurately distinguish boundaries not only from regions inside and outside HMBs, but surprisingly, from active promoters as well. Interestingly, the distinguishing TFs and their interacting proteins are involved in chromatin modification. Finally, HMB boundaries significantly coincide with the boundaries of Topologically Associating Domains of the chromatin.
answer:
0


question:
There is a strong association between migraine and depression. The aim of this study is to identify migraine-specific factors involved in this association.', 'We conducted a cross-sectional study in a large, well-defined cohort of migraine patients (n=2533). We assessed lifetime depression using validated questionnaires, and diagnosed migraine based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders III-beta criteria. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted.', 'Of the 2533 migraineurs that were eligible, 1137 (45%) suffered from lifetime depression. The following independent factors were associated with an increased depression prevalence: i) migraine-specific risk factors: high migraine attack frequency and the presence of allodynia, ii) general factors: being a bad sleeper, female gender, high BMI, being single, smoking, and a low alcohol consumption.
answer:
0


question:
The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of moderate aerobic exercise on cardiac autonomic function in type 2 diabetic patients.', 'Heart rate variability of 20 patients with type 2 diabetes was assessed. Resting electrocardiogram for the heart rate variability analysis at spontaneous respiration was recorded for 5\xa0min in the supine position before and after 6\xa0months of supervised aerobic training given three times per week.', 'In time domain measures, the square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent R-R intervals (RMSSD; 29.7 [26-34.5] vs 46.4 [29.8-52.2]\xa0ms, P\xa0=\xa00.023) and the percentage of consecutive RR intervals that differ by more than 50\xa0ms (pNN50; 10.7 [5.5-12.7] vs 26.1 [6.6-37.2]%, P\xa0=\xa00.025] were significantly increased after exercise. In frequency domain measures, low frequency (62.4 [59.1-79.2] vs 37 [31.3-43.3]\xa0nu, P\xa0=\xa00.003) and low frequency/high frequency (1.67 [1.44-3.8] vs 0.58 [0.46-0.59]%, P\xa0=\xa00.009) were significantly decreased, whereas high frequency (95 [67-149] vs 229 [98-427]\xa0ms(2), P\xa0=\xa00.006) and high frequency (37.6 [20.8-40.9] vs 63 [56.7-68.7]\xa0normalized units, P\xa0=\xa00.003) were significantly increased after exercise. In a Poincaré plot, standard deviation perpendicular to the line of the Poincaré plot (SD1; 21.3 [18.5-24.8]-33.1 [21.5-37.2]\xa0ms, P\xa0=\xa00.027) was significantly increased after exercise.
answer:

1