TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you're given a question, along with three passages, 1, 2, and 3. Your job is to determine which passage can be used to answer the question by searching for further information using terms from the passage. Indicate your choice as 1, 2, or 3.
PROBLEM: Question: Which university that Vivian attended was founded first? Passage 1:NOVA Parks manages a number of parks that have historical significance, including an 18th-century mansion, a Civil War battlefield, a 19th-century grist mill, a 200-year-old working farm, a Civil War era church, and many more. Major venues include Carlyle House, the former Alexandria, Virginia home of British merchant John Carlyle; Ball's Bluff Battlefield and National Cemetery, a park in Leesburg, VA that was the site of a Civil War conflict in 1861; Mt. Zion Church and the adjacent Gilbert’s Corner Regional Park, in Aldie, VA which were used as a Civil War military rendezvous site, prison, barracks, battleground and hospital; and Aldie Mill Historic Park, a restored mill, with a four-story brick structure with tandem metal Water wheels. Other venues include a kiln used by female prisoners from the Lorton Reformatory during the Women's suffrage Movement, as well Temple Hall Farm and White’s Ford Regional Park, located on the farm formerly owned by Elijah V. White.
 Passage 2:Alfred Spencer Richardson was consecrated on 22 June 1879 in the Reformed Episcopal Church in Philadelphia, USA by William Rufus Nicholson, a bishop of the Reformed Episcopal Church, USA. WR Nicholson was consecrated for the Protestant Episcopal Church, USA on 24 February 1876 by Charles Edward Cheney who was consecrated (14 December 1873) by George David Cummins, American Episcopal assistant bishop of Kentucky, USA, and who was consecrated (15 November 1866) by John Henry Hopkins, Episcopal bishop of Vermont, USA. The line of succession to Hopkins is traceable from William Sancroft (enthroned archbishop of Canterbury, 1678) via Thomas White (bishop of Peterborough, England), George Hickes (assistant bishop of Thetford, England), James Gadderar (bishop of Aberdeen, Scotland), Thomas Rattray (bishop of Dunkeld, Scotland), William Falconer (or Falconar) (bishop of Caithness, Scotland), Robert Kilgour (bishop of Aberdeen, Scotland), Samuel Seabury (bishop of Connecticut, USA), Thomas Clagett (bishop of Maryland, USA), Edward Bass (bishop of Massachusetts, USA), Abraham Jarvis (bishop of Connecticut, USA), Alexander Viets Griswold (bishop of Eastern Diocese, USA) who in 1832 consecrated Hoskins.
 Passage 3:Professor Vivian received a Bachelor of Arts in English from the University of California, Santa Barbara, a Master of Arts in American Literature from California Polytechnic State University (San Luis Obispo), and a Master of Arts in Comparative Literature from the University of California, Santa Barbara. He then earned an Interdisciplinary Doctor of Philosophy degree in Classics, History, and Religious Studies from the University of California, Santa Barbara with a doctoral dissertation on "Saint Peter of Alexandria: Bishop and Martyr” in 1985 under the direction of Birger A. Pearson. He next earned a M.Div. from the Church Divinity School of the Pacific and went on to do research as a Henry R. Luce Post-Doctoral Fellow at Yale Divinity School.


SOLUTION: 3

PROBLEM: Question: What was the full name of the music group that Dr. Dre and DJ Yella were a member of? Passage 1:Ušeničnik was born in the village of Poljane near the Upper Carniolan town of Škofja Loka, in what was then the Austro-Hungarian Empire (now in Slovenia). He studied theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome. In 1897, he became a professor at the Theological Seminary in Ljubljana. In 1919, he became a professor at the Faculty of Theology at the University of Ljubljana, where he taught philosophy. In 1922 and 1923, he served as the fourth chancellor of the University of Ljubljana. In 1937, he became a member of the Pontifical Academy of St. Thomas Aquinas and in 1938 one of the founding members of the Academy of Sciences and Arts in Ljubljana (later renamed the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts). In 1948, he was expelled from the academy by the new communist regime. His membership was reinstated in 1996 after the collapse of communism.
 Passage 2:The video begins with an introduction of Dr. Dre's music career, such as when he and fellow N.W.A member DJ Yella were in the 1980s funk group World Class Wreckin' Cru. There are also scenes of Dr. Dre and his family, such as him hugging his daughter and son and getting married. There are also snippets from past music videos. It includes many rappers such as Eazy-E, 2Pac, The D.O.C, Snoop Dogg, Warren G, Eminem, Xzibit and all the rest of the members from N.W.A. The video then features Dr. Dre driving down Pacific Coast Highway in a Ferrari 360, with flashbacks of his life, crashing his car and the last thing heard was his daughter say "Good night Daddy." Then he is transported to a medical facility. The date at the beginning of the video is February 18, 2001 (his 36th birthday). They fast-forward to present day ten years later, where he has been hospitalized and is on life support. The Marin County Civic Center stands in for the medical facility. Eminem raps next to him as he is floating in an isolation tank, during which the figure of the Pythia (played by Canadian actress Estella Warren) is singing as a hologram behind and over Dre, mouthing the words to Skylar Grey's vocal part in the song. Skylar Grey herself appears as one of the doctors in the video, but never actually appears singing her part. Dre eventually wakes up and goes through rehab, and the video ends with him standing next to the grave of Eazy-E, a rapper who had launched Dre's music career by founding N.W.A and was also a member along with Ice Cube, MC Ren and DJ Yella. A ticking clock is heard midway through the video. The music video received complaints of being an "act of advertising" for a variety of product placements, such as Ferrari, G-Shock, HP, Gatorade, and Dr. Dre's signature headphones, Beats by Dr. Dre.
 Passage 3:The Action of 22 August 1917, took place in the First World War, in the Ypres Salient on the Western Front during the Third Battle of Ypres. The engagement was fought by the Fifth Army of the British Expeditionary Force and the German 4th Army. During the Battle of Langemarck (16–18 August), the British had advanced north of the village but had been defeated further south and failed to capture the , the third German defensive position. At a conference with the Fifth Army corps commanders on 17 August, Gough arranged for local attacks to gain jumping-off positions for another general attack on 25 August. At the Action of the Cockcroft on 19 August, XVIII Corps and the 1st Tank Brigade had captured five fortified farms and strongpoints for a fraction of the casualties of a conventional attack.


SOLUTION: 2

PROBLEM: Question: Who was the producer on Proclaimers' comeback album? Passage 1:"Right Now" was written by Blige and English musicians Sam Smith, James Napier, and brothers Guy and Howard Lawrence from electronic music duo Disclosure. Production of the song was helmed by Disclosure, while American record producer Rodney "Darkchild" Jerkins was consulted for vocal production. "Right Now" was recorded at Metropolis Studios and at MusicBox Studios in London. Production of the song was motivated by "F for You", the fourth single from Disclosure's debut studio album, Settle (2013). In late 2013, Blige saw the duo's single their Vevo video site, and got in touch with them about covering the song. The resulting duet, largely composed by Blige, became a top ten hit on the UK Dance Chart. Inspired by its response, Blige initially hoped to record an extended play with the duo, though her label encouraged her to enhance recording overseas and soon it was announced that Blige would move to London to experiment with a new sound with a host of young British acts.
 Passage 2:As a retailer, Marcus believed strongly in making his store into a place where everything a customer needed could be found and, if necessary, brought to the customer's front door. He was said to have helped one customer discover the shoe size of Queen Elizabeth II so as to give the gift of stockings and a pair of shoes, and he ordered that the store stock such items as a set of Steuben plates with the Mexican national crest, "because sooner or later somebody will be going to call on the President of Mexico and need a proper gift." He personally delivered a fur coat to a St. Louis, Missouri, customer who could not make the trip to Dallas. Another story often recounted is that of a shopper who, in searching for a present for his wife, said that he was not sure what to buy, but that he would know it when he saw it. In response, Marcus inquired about the woman's clothing sizes and asked the customer to wait briefly. Taking an oversized brandy snifter from a display, Marcus gathered cashmere sweaters of various colors, arranged them in imitation of a pousse-café, topped with a white angora sweater to simulate whipped cream, and in place of a cherry, garnished the concoction with a 10-karat ruby ring, at a total cost of $25,350, which the customer gladly paid. When one customer decided his Christmas purchases were not sufficiently impressive, Marcus helped to arrange a full duplication of the store's display window, complete with mannequins and lighting, inside the man's home.
 Passage 3:The pair came to public attention when an Inverness-based fan sent their demo to the English band the Housemartins, who were impressed enough to invite the Proclaimers on their 1986 United Kingdom tour. The exposure of the tour won them a January 1987 appearance on the British pop music television programme The Tube on Channel Four; "Letter from America" peaked at number three in the UK Singles Chart, while the album This Is the Story went gold. The follow-up album Sunshine on Leith featured the singles "I'm Gonna Be (500 Miles)", which went to number one in Australia and New Zealand, and "I'm On My Way". They had a hit with their EP King of the Road, which reached number nine in the UK in 1990. "I'm Gonna Be (500 Miles)" belatedly peaked at number three on the Billboard Hot 100 in August 1993, after appearing in the movie Benny & Joon, becoming their only charted single in the United States. After seven low-profile years, they released their comeback album Persevere in 2001.


SOLUTION:
3