We would like you to assess the QUALITY of each of the following argument (discussing Gay Marriage) and determine if the argument is Valid or Invalid. A valid argument is clearly interpretable and either expresses an argument, or a premise or a conclusion that can be used in an argument for the topic of gay marriage. An invalid argument is a phrase that cannot be interpreted as an argument or not on the topic of gay marriage.

Example Input: The exact same argument could be used to support traditional marriage.
Example Output: Valid

Example Input: An even thornier question is whether Bingham and his fellow Republicans aimed through the 14th amendment privileges or immunities clause to protect rights not enumerated in the Bill of Rights.
Example Output: Invalid

Example Input: Typologies of offenders have often included a distinction between those with an enduring primary preference for children as sexual partners and those who have established age-appropriate relationships but who become sexually involved with children under unusual circumstances of extreme stress.
Example Output:
Invalid