instruction:
In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Missile Defense Defend and Deter Act 
of 2016''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) It is in the highest strategic interest of the United 
        States to field a fully operational missile defense system to 
        defend against threats from intercontinental ballistic missiles 
        (ICBMs) of rogue nations, including North Korea and Iran.
            (2) In the past year, the Democratic People's Republic of 
        Korea tested a nuclear weapon and an intercontinental ballistic 
        missile and has made claims that it now possesses the ability 
        to miniaturize a nuclear warhead.
            (3) The ground-based midcourse defense (GMD) element of the 
        ballistic missile defense system (BMDS) is one of the most 
        critical capabilities needed to defend the United States 
        against threats from intercontinental ballistic missiles, 
        conventional and nuclear.
            (4) The test program of the Missile Defense Agency provides 
        vital data to demonstrate the operational effectiveness, 
        suitability, and survivability of the ballistic missile defense 
        system, and it contributes to United States nonproliferation 
        goals by sending a very credible message to the international 
        community on the ability of the United States to defeat 
        ballistic missiles in flight, thus reducing their value to 
        potential adversaries.

SEC. 3. REQUIRED TESTING BY MISSILE DEFENSE AGENCY OF GROUND-BASED 
              MIDCOURSE DEFENSE ELEMENT OF BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENSE 
              SYSTEM.

    (a) Testing Required.--Except as provided in subsection (c), not 
less frequently than once each fiscal year, the Director of the Missile 
Defense Agency shall administer an intercept flight test of the ground-
based midcourse defense element of the ballistic missile defense 
system.
    (b) Requirements.--The Director shall ensure that each test carried 
out under subsection (a) provides, when possible, for one or more of 
the following:
            (1) Validation of the operational effectiveness of the 
        ground-based midcourse defense element of the ballistic missile 
        defense system.
            (2) Use of assets in their operational configuration 
        against an inventory of targets to assess all aspects of 
        ground-based midcourse defense elements of the ballistic 
        missile defense system performance in a variety of flight test 
        regimes.
            (3) Use of operational doctrine and real-world constraints.
            (4) Evaluation of new concepts of operations and exercising 
        tactics, techniques, and procedures.
            (5) Mechanisms to assure the confidence of members of the 
        Armed Forces in the basic design of the ground-based midcourse 
        defense element of the ballistic missile defense system, its 
        hit-to-kill effectiveness, and its inherent operational 
        capability.
    (c) Exceptions.--
            (1) Nonintercept test.--The Director may forgo a test under 
        subsection (a) in a fiscal year if the Secretary of Defense, in 
        consultation with the Director, determines that conducting the 
        test would--
                    (A) jeopardize national security;
                    (B) not be successful due to specific ground-based 
                midcourse defense components needing a nonintercept 
                test; and
                    (C) likely lead to failure due to impractical time 
                considerations.
            (2) Funding.--The Director may forgo a test under 
        subsection (a) in a fiscal year if the Secretary of Defense, in 
        consultation with the Director, determines that the test is not 
        sufficiently funded.
            (3) National security waiver.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director may forgo a test 
                under subsection (a) in a fiscal year if the Secretary 
                of Defense, in consultation with the Director of the 
                Missile Defense Agency, Director of National 
                Intelligence, and the Commander of United States 
                Northern Command (NORTHCOM), determines that the 
                provision of testing as described in that subsection is 
                detrimental to the national security interests of the 
                United States.
                    (B) Notice required.--
                            (i) In general.--Not later than 30 days 
                        after forgoing a test pursuant to subparagraph 
                        (A), the Secretary shall submit to the 
                        congressional defense committees notice 
                        regarding the foregone test.
                            (ii) Elements.--Notice submitted under 
                        clause (i) shall include the following:
                                    (I) The rationale for forgoing the 
                                test.
                                    (II) The national security 
                                interests of the United States 
                                preventing the test.
                                    (III) A plan to complete the 
                                intercept test in the following fiscal 
                                year, which does not affect testing in 
                                following fiscal years.
                            (iii) Form.--Each notice under clause (ii) 
                        shall be submitted in an unclassified form, but 
                        may include a classified annex.
    (d) Congressional Defense Committees Defined.--In this section, the 
term ``congressional defense committees'' has the meaning given that 
term in section 101(a)(16) of title 10, United States Code.
answer:
Missile Defense Defend and Deter Act of 2016 This bill requires the Department of Defense (DOD) Missile Defense Agency to administer an intercept flight test of the ground-based midcourse defense element of the ballistic missile defense system at least once each fiscal year.  Each test shall provide for:   validation of the defense element's operational effectiveness; use of assets in their operational configuration against an inventory of targets to assess performance in a variety of flight test regimes;  use of operational doctrine and real-world constraints;  evaluation of new concepts of operations, tactics, and techniques; and  mechanisms to assure the confidence of members of the Armed Forces in the basic design of the ground-based midcourse defense element, its hit-to-kill effectiveness, and its operational capability.   The Agency may forgo a test if:   it would jeopardize national security, not be successful due to specific ground-based midcourse defense components needing a non-intercept test, and likely fail due to impractical time considerations; or  funding is insufficient.  The Agency also may forgo a test if DOD determines that the testing is detrimental to U.S. national security interests and provides notice to Congress.


question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Secret Service Protective Privilege 
Act of 1999''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The physical safety of the Nation's top elected 
        officials is a public good of transcendent importance.
            (2) By virtue of the critical importance of the Office of 
        the President, the President and those in direct line of the 
        Presidency are subject to unique and mortal jeopardy--jeopardy 
        that in turn threatens profound disruption to our system of 
        representative government and to the security and future of the 
        Nation.
            (3) The physical safety of visiting heads of foreign states 
        and foreign governments is also a matter of paramount 
        importance. The assassination of such a person while on 
        American soil could have calamitous consequences for our 
        foreign relations and national security.
            (4) Given these grave concerns, Congress has provided for 
        the Secret Service to protect the President and those in direct 
        line of the Presidency, and has directed that these officials 
        may not waive such protection. Congress has also provided for 
        the Secret Service to protect visiting heads of foreign states 
        and foreign governments.
            (5) The protective strategy of the Secret Service depends 
        critically on the ability of its personnel to maintain close 
        and unremitting physical proximity to the protectee.
            (6) Secret Service personnel must remain at the side of the 
        protectee on occasions of confidential conversations and, as a 
        result, may overhear top secret discussions, diplomatic 
        exchanges, sensitive conversations, and matters of personal 
        privacy.
            (7) The necessary level of proximity can be maintained only 
        in an atmosphere of complete trust and confidence between the 
        protectee and his or her protectors.
            (8) If a protectee has reason to doubt the confidentiality 
        of actions or conversations taken in sight or hearing of Secret 
        Service personnel, the protectee may seek to push the 
        protective envelope away or undermine it to the point at which 
        it could no longer be fully effective.
            (9) The possibility that Secret Service personnel might be 
        compelled to testify against their protectees could induce 
        foreign nations to refuse Secret Service protection in future 
        state visits, making it impossible for the Secret Service to 
        fulfill its important statutory mission of protecting the life 
        and safety of foreign dignitaries.
            (10) A privilege protecting information acquired by Secret 
        Service personnel while performing their protective function in 
        physical proximity to a protectee will preserve the security of 
        the protectee by lessening the incentive of the protectee to 
        distance Secret Service personnel in situations in which there 
        is some risk to the safety of the protectee.
            (11) Recognition of a protective function privilege for the 
        President and those in direct line of the Presidency, and for 
        visiting heads of foreign states and foreign governments, will 
        promote sufficiently important interests to outweigh the need 
        for probative evidence.
            (12) Because Secret Service personnel retain law 
        enforcement responsibility even while engaged in their 
        protective function, the privilege must be subject to a crime/
        treason exception.
    (b) Purposes.--The purposes of this Act are--
            (1) to facilitate the relationship of trust and confidence 
        between Secret Service personnel and certain protected 
        officials that is essential to the ability of the Secret 
        Service to protect these officials, and the Nation, from the 
        risk of assassination; and
            (2) to ensure that Secret Service personnel are not 
        precluded from testifying in a criminal investigation or 
        prosecution about unlawful activity committed within their view 
        or hearing.

SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT OF PROTECTIVE FUNCTION PRIVILEGE.

    (a) Admissibility of Information Acquired by Secret Service 
Personnel While Performing Their Protective Function.--Chapter 203 of 
title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 
3056 the following:
``Sec. 3056A. Testimony by Secret Service personnel; protective 
              function privilege
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Protectee.--The term `protectee' means--
                    ``(A) the President;
                    ``(B) the Vice President (or other officer next in 
                the order of succession to the Office of President);
                    ``(C) the President-elect;
                    ``(D) the Vice President-elect; and
                    ``(E) visiting heads of foreign states or foreign 
                governments who, at the time and place concerned, are 
                being provided protection by the United States Secret 
                Service.
            ``(2) Secret service personnel.--The term `Secret Service 
        personnel' means any officer or agent of the United States 
        Secret Service.
    ``(b) General Rule of Privilege.--Subject to subsection (c), 
testimony by Secret Service personnel or former Secret Service 
personnel regarding information affecting a protectee that was acquired 
during the performance of a protective function in physical proximity 
to the protectee shall not be received in evidence or otherwise 
disclosed in any trial, hearing, or other proceeding in or before any 
court, grand jury, department, officer, agency, regulatory body, or 
other authority of the United States, a State, or a political 
subdivision thereof.
    ``(c) Exceptions.--There is no privilege under this section--
            ``(1) with respect to information that, at the time the 
        information was acquired by Secret Service personnel, was 
        sufficient to provide reasonable grounds to believe that a 
        crime had been, was being, or would be committed; or
            ``(2) if the privilege is waived by the protectee or the 
        legal representative of a protectee or deceased protectee.
    ``(d) Concurrent Privileges.--The proximity of Secret Service 
personnel to a protectee engaged in a privileged communication with 
another shall not, by itself, defeat an otherwise valid claim of 
privilege.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 
203 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the 
item relating to section 3056 the following:

``3056A. Testimony by Secret Service personnel; protective function 
                            privilege.''.

SEC. 4. APPLICATION.

    This Act and the amendments made by this Act shall apply to any 
proceeding commenced on or after the date of enactment of this Act.
answer:
Secret Service Protective Privilege Act of 1999 - Amends the Federal criminal code to prohibit testimony by Secret Service personnel or former personnel regarding information affecting a protectee (defined as the President, Vice President, and specified other officials) that was acquired during the performance of a protective function in physical proximity to the protectee from being received in evidence or otherwise disclosed in any proceeding in or before any court, grand jury, department, officer, agency, regulatory body, or other authority of the United States, a State, or a political subdivision thereof. 
Makes exceptions: (1) with respect to information that, at the time it was acquired by Secret Service personnel, was sufficient to provide reasonable grounds to believe that a crime had been, was being, or would be committed; or (2) if the privilege is waived by the protectee or the legal representative of a protectee or deceased protectee. 
Specifies that the proximity of Secret Service personnel to a protectee engaged in a privileged communication with another shall not, by itself, defeat an otherwise valid claim of privilege.


question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Coastal State Climate Change 
Planning Act''.

SEC. 2. PLANNING FOR CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE COASTAL ZONE.

    (a) In General.--The Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 
1451 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

                  ``climate change adaptation planning

    ``Sec. 320.  (a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish 
consistent with the national policies set forth in section 303 a 
coastal climate change adaptation planning and response program to--
            ``(1) provide assistance to coastal states to voluntarily 
        develop coastal climate change adaptation plans pursuant to 
        approved management programs approved under section 306, to 
        minimize contributions to climate change and to prepare for and 
        reduce the negative consequences that may result from climate 
        change in the coastal zone; and
            ``(2) provide financial and technical assistance and 
        training to enable coastal states to implement plans developed 
        pursuant to this section through coastal states' enforceable 
        policies.
    ``(b) Guidelines.--Within 180 days after the date of enactment of 
this section, the Secretary, in consultation with the coastal states, 
shall issue guidelines for the implementation of the grant program 
established under subsection (c).
    ``(c) Climate Change Adaptation Planning Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, subject to the 
        availability of appropriations, may make a grant to any coastal 
        state for the purpose of developing climate change adaptation 
        plans pursuant to guidelines issued by the Secretary under 
        subsection (b).
            ``(2) Plan content.--A plan developed with a grant under 
        this section shall include the following:
                    ``(A) Identification of public facilities and 
                public services, working waterfronts, coastal resources 
                of national significance, coastal waters, energy 
                facilities, or other land and water uses located in the 
                coastal zone that are likely to be impacted by climate 
                change.
                    ``(B) Adaptive management strategies for land use 
                to respond or adapt to changing environmental 
                conditions, including strategies to protect 
                biodiversity, protect water quality, and establish 
                habitat buffer zones, migration corridors, and climate 
                refugia.
                    ``(C) Requirements to initiate and maintain long-
                term monitoring of environmental change to assess 
                coastal zone adaptation and to adjust when necessary 
                adaptive management strategies and new planning 
                guidelines to attain the policies under section 303.
                    ``(D) Other information considered necessary by the 
                Secretary to identify the full range of climate change 
                impacts affecting coastal communities.
            ``(3) State hazard mitigation plans.--Plans developed with 
        a grant under this section shall be consistent with State 
        hazard mitigation plans and natural disaster response and 
        recovery programs developed under State or Federal law.
            ``(4) Allocation.--Grants under this section shall be 
        available only to coastal states with management programs 
        approved by the Secretary under section 306 and shall be 
        allocated among such coastal states in a manner consistent with 
        regulations promulgated pursuant to section 306(c).
            ``(5) Priority.--In the awarding of grants under this 
        subsection the Secretary may give priority to any coastal state 
        that has received grant funding to develop program changes 
        pursuant to paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (5), (6), (7), and (8) of 
        section 309(a).
            ``(6) Technical assistance.--The Secretary may provide 
        technical assistance to a coastal state consistent with section 
        310 to ensure the timely development of plans supported by 
        grants awarded under this subsection.
            ``(7) Federal approval.--In order to be eligible for a 
        grant under subsection (d), a coastal state must have its plan 
        developed under this section approved by the Secretary.
    ``(d) Coastal Adaptation Project Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, subject to the 
        availability of appropriations, may make grants to any coastal 
        state that has a climate change adaptation plan approved under 
        subsection (c)(7), in order to support projects that implement 
        strategies contained within such plans.
            ``(2) Program requirements.--The Secretary within 90 days 
        after approval of the first plan approved under subsection 
        (c)(7), shall publish in the Federal Register requirements 
        regarding applications, allocations, eligible activities, and 
        all terms and conditions for grants awarded under this 
        subsection. No less than 30 percent, and no more than 50 
        percent, of the funds appropriated in any fiscal year for 
        grants under this subsection shall be awarded through a merit-
        based competitive process.
            ``(3) Eligible activities.--The Secretary may award grants 
        to coastal states to implement projects in the coastal zone to 
        address stress factors in order to improve coastal climate 
        change adaptation, including the following:
                    ``(A) Activities to address physical disturbances 
                within the coastal zone, especially activities related 
                to public facilities and public services, tourism, 
                sedimentation, ocean acidification, and other factors 
                negatively impacting coastal waters, and fisheries-
                associated habitat destruction or alteration.
                    ``(B) Monitoring, control, or eradication of 
                disease organisms and invasive species.
                    ``(C) Activities to address the loss, degradation, 
                or fragmentation of wildlife habitat through projects 
                to establish or protect marine and terrestrial habitat 
                buffers, wildlife refugia, other wildlife refuges, or 
                networks thereof, preservation of migratory wildlife 
                corridors and other transition zones, and restoration 
                of fish and wildlife habitat.
                    ``(D) Implementation of projects to reduce, 
                mitigate, or otherwise address likely impacts caused by 
                natural hazards in the coastal zone, including sea 
                level rise, coastal inundation, coastal erosion and 
                subsidence, severe weather events such as cyclonic 
                storms, tsunamis and other seismic threats, and 
                fluctuating Great Lakes water levels.
                    ``(E) Provide technical training and assistance to 
                local coastal policy makers to increase awareness of 
                science, management, and technology information related 
                to climate change and adaptation strategies.
            ``(4) Promotion and use of national estuarine research 
        reserves.--The Secretary shall promote and encourage the use of 
        National Estuarine Research Reserves as sites for pilot or 
        demonstration projects carried out with grants awarded under 
        this section.''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 318(a) of the Coastal 
Zone Management Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1464) is further amended by 
striking ``and'' after the semicolon at the end of paragraph (1), by 
striking the period at the end of paragraph (2) and inserting ``; 
and'', and by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) for grants under subsections (c) and (d) of section 
        320, such sums as are necessary.''.
    (c) Intent of Congress.--Nothing in this section shall be construed 
to require any coastal state to amend or modify its approved management 
program pursuant to section 306(e) of the Coastal Zone Management Act 
of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1455(e)), or to extend the enforceable policies of a 
coastal state beyond the coastal zone as identified in the coastal 
state's approved management program.
answer:

Coastal State Climate Change Planning Act  This bill amends the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 to direct the Department of Commerce to establish a coastal climate change adaptation planning and response program which shall assist coastal states with the voluntary development of coastal climate change adaptation plans in order to: (1) minimize contributions to climate change, and (2) prepare for and reduce the negative consequences that may result from climate change in the coastal zone. The program must also provide financial and technical assistance and training to implement the plans through enforceable state policies.  Commerce may make grants to coastal states for developing the plans and supporting projects that implement strategies contained in approved plans. Commerce must promote and encourage the use of National Estuarine Research Reserves as sites for pilot or demonstration projects carried out with the grants.