In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

[EX Q]: This compound promotes the dephosphorylation and activation of enzyme HMG-CoA to favor cholesterol synthesis and a phenylalanine for leucine substitution at residue B25 results in its "Chicago" variety. Its biosynthesis involves an excision of the C-peptide, and the compound functions by binding to tyrosine kinase receptors on cell surfaces. Sanger's improvement upon the methods of Edman degradation involved its sequencing, and its production occurs primarily in beta cells on the islets of langerhans. For ten points, name this pancreatic counterpart of glucagon used to regulate blood sugar, deficiencies of which are found in sufferers of diabetes.  
[EX A]: Science

[EX Q]: A namesake protein component of this structure is detected by Toll-like Receptor 5. Tg737, whose mutation causes polycystic kidney disease in mice, is responsible for transport within this structure, which is also dependent upon complexes of IFT proteins. Y. Pestis uses a structure homologous to these to inject virulence factors into host cytoplasm, known as the Type III secretory system. They have a P, L, and MS ring in gram-negative bacteria, and in all organisms their central body is called the axonene. In Eukaryotes, they contain a 9+2 set of microtubules around a central pair and use dyenin and ATP hydrolysis to power their whipping motion. Similar to cilia, for 10 points, name these projections used by cells to swim.
[EX A]: Science

[EX Q]: One ruler of this family put down a rebellion led by Jai Singh; another expelled a group of rebels who would later conquer Crete from Byzantium. Yet another ordered the killing of St. Pelagius, and a fourth temporarily moved their capital to Ramla. They fought to a draw at the Battle of Siffin, but this tribe would have more success at a conflict remembered on the Day of Ashura, the Battle of Karbala. Their rule would see its end come at the Battle of the Zab under Marwan II, nearly a century after their founding by Muawiyah. Ruling from Damascus from 660 to 750 A.D., FTP, name this Islamic Caliphate succeeded by the Abbasids.
[EX A]:
History