Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
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Question: Context: To determine the prevalence of five physical frailty phenotype components and to assess the relationship between them and other clinical factors.', "A population-based cross-sectional study was performed. Subjects 75 years and older were randomly selected from primary care databases (with sampling stratified by gender). Physical frailty phenotypes were assessed using Fried's criteria. Sociodemographic data, comorbidities, nutritional status, and functional capacity were assessed.", '126 subjects were recruited (47% women). Prevalence rates were poor muscle strength: 50%; low physical activity: 29%; slow gait: 28%; exhaustion: 27%; and weight loss: 5%. Prefrailty and frailty prevalence rates were 35.7% and 29.4%, respectively. Poor muscle strength and low physical activity showed a close relationship and concordance (kappa = 0.92). Most frailty components were associated with outdoor activity, hours walked daily, and certain comorbidities.
Answer: Poor muscle strength was the most prevalent frailty component and was closely associated with physical activity, suggesting that training programs may revert or prevent the frailty process.

Answer: Do poor Muscle Strength and Low Physical Activity Are the Most Prevalent Frailty Components in Community-Dwelling Older Adults?


Question: Context: We previously demonstrated in rats that intravenous infusion of a lipid emulsion increases survival in resuscitation from severe bupivacaine cardiac toxicity. The present studies were undertaken to determine if this method is similarly effective in a non-rodent model using a larger animal.', 'Bupivacaine, 10 mg/kg, was administered intravenously over 10 seconds to fasted dogs under isoflurane general anesthesia. Resuscitation included 10 minutes of internal cardiac massage followed with either saline or 20% lipid infusion, administered as a 4-mL/kg bolus followed by continuous infusion at 0.5 mL/kg/min for 10 minutes. Electrocardiogram (EKG), arterial blood pressure (BP), and myocardial pH (pHm) and pO2 (pmO2) were continuously measured.', 'Survival after 10 minutes of unsuccessful cardiac massage was successful for all lipid-treated dogs (n = 6), but with no survivors in the saline controls (n = 6) (P <.01). Hemodynamics, PmO2, and pHm were improved during resuscitation with lipid compared with saline treatment in which dogs did not recover.
Answer: We found that infusing a lipid emulsion during resuscitation from bupivacaine-induced cardiac toxicity substantially improved hemodynamics, pmO2, and pHm and increased survival in dogs.

Answer: Does lipid emulsion infusion rescue dogs from bupivacaine-induced cardiac toxicity?


Question: Context: Our previous study demonstrated that prolonged cold preservation promoted neointima formation and remodeling but delayed the subsequent arteriosclerosis of rat abdominal aorta grafts. The mechanisms of this phenomenon remain obscure. In this study, we investigated whether stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) could play a role in recruiting stem cells to repair and remodel the damaged intima of abdominal aorta grafts.', 'Male Spague-Dawley rats received abdominal aorta grafts from male Wistar rats. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to assess the structure of graft aortas by measuring the neointimal thickness. Immunohistochemical staining detected SDF-1 expression. RT-PCR demonstrated the expression of CXCR4, the only known natural receptor of SDF-1 expression on stem cells.', 'The neointimal thickness of the SDF-1 antibody-treated group was inconspicuous; a significant relationship existed between the expression of SDF-1 and the neointimal thickness of the grafts. Furthermore, no CXCR4 was detected in normal abdominal aortas, but it was observed in the grafted abdominal aorta.
Answer: Prolonged cold ischemia may delay the graft's arteriosclerosis by selectively chemoattracting stem cells to the damaged intima through SDF-1, the presence of which may predict graft arteriosclerosis and the subsequent development of chronic graft dysfunction (CGD). The SDF-1 antibody slowed the endothelial chimerism by blocking this chemoattration. In addition to mycophenolate mofetil and FK 506, SDF-1 antibody might be a new potential effective strategy to decrease the frequency of CGD.

Answer:
Does sDF-1 play a key role in the repairing and remodeling process on rat allo-orthotopic abdominal aorta grafts?