In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

SECTION 1. TEACHER RECRUITMENT, RETENTION, AND TRAINING.

    (a) In General.--Title II of the Elementary and Secondary Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6601 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating part E as part F;
            (2) by redesignating sections 2401 and 2402 as sections 
        2501 and 2502, respectively; and
            (3) by inserting after part D the following:

         ``PART E--TEACHER RECRUITMENT, RETENTION, AND TRAINING

``SEC. 2401. PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary is authorized to make grants to 
local educational agencies to permit such agencies to recruit, retain, 
and train high-quality teachers by carrying out one or more of the 
activities described in subsection (b).
    ``(b) Uses of Funds.--
            ``(1) Recruitment, retention, and training activities.--A 
        local educational agency that receives a grant under this part 
        may use the grant funds for any of the following recruitment, 
        retention, and training activities:
                    ``(A) Providing signing bonuses for teachers.
                    ``(B) Carrying out merit pay programs.
                    ``(C) Providing performance bonuses to teachers.
                    ``(D) Providing scholarships to teachers to pursue 
                advanced course work.
                    ``(E) Providing mentoring programs for teachers.
                    ``(F) Coordinating with institutions of higher 
                education to provide professional development for 
                teachers.
                    ``(G) Any other activity that the local educational 
                agency believes to be effective in recruiting, 
                retaining, or training high-quality teachers.

``SEC. 2402. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part such 
sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 2002 through 2004.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--Section 2003 of the Elementary and 
Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6603) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``part C)'' and 
        inserting ``parts C and E)''; and
            (2) in subsection (b), by inserting ``(other than parts C 
        and E)'' after ``title''.

SEC. 2. LOAN FORGIVENESS FOR TEACHERS.

    (a) Elimination of New Borrower Restrictions.--
            (1) FFEL program.--Section 428J(b) of the Higher Education 
        Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1078-10(b)) is amended by striking ``for 
        any new borrower on or after October 1, 1998, who'' and 
        inserting ``for any borrower who''.
            (2) Federal direct loan program.--Section 460(b)(1) of such 
        Act (20 U.S.C. 1087j(b)(1)) is amended by striking ``for any 
        new borrower on or after October 1, 1998, who'' and inserting 
        ``for any borrower who''.
    (b) Expansion of Eligible Teaching Locations and Subjects; 
Eliminating Delay in Service Benefit.--
            (1) FFEL program.--Section 428J(b)(1) of such Act is 
        amended by striking everything preceding subparagraph (B) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(1) has been employed as a full-time teacher--
                    ``(A)(i) in a school that qualifies under section 
                465(a)(2)(A) for loan cancellation for Perkins loan 
                recipients who teach in such schools;
                    ``(ii) as a full-time special education teacher, as 
                described in section 465(a)(2)(C); or
                    ``(iii) as a full-time teacher in any field of 
                expertise where the State educational agency determines 
                there is a shortage of qualified teachers;''.
            (2) Federal direct loan program.--Section 460(b)(1)(A) of 
        such Act (20 U.S.C. 1087j(b)(1)(A)) is amended by striking 
        everything preceding clause (ii) and inserting the following:
                    ``(A) has been employed as a full-time teacher--
                            ``(i)(I) in a school that qualifies under 
                        section 465(a)(2)(A) for loan cancellation for 
                        Perkins loan recipients who teach in such 
                        schools;
                            ``(II) as a full-time special education 
                        teacher, as described in section 465(a)(2)(C); 
                        or
                            ``(III) as a full-time teacher in any field 
                        of expertise where the State educational agency 
                        determines there is a shortage of qualified 
                        teachers;''.
    (c) Amounts Subject to Forgiveness.--
            (1) FFEL program.--Section 428J(c) of the Higher Education 
        Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1078-10(c)) is amended by striking 
        paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) Amount and rate of repayment.--The Secretary shall 
        repay an amount that is not more than $20,000 in the aggregate 
        of the loan obligation on a loan made under section 428 or 428H 
        that is outstanding after the completion of the first complete 
        school year of teaching described in subsection (b)(1) for 
        which the borrower seeks repayment under this section. Such 
        amount shall be repaid at the rate of 15 percent for the first 
        or second year of such service, 20 percent for the third or 
        fourth year of such service, and 30 percent for the fifth year 
        of such service. No borrower may receive a reduction of loan 
        obligations under both this section and section 460.''.
            (2) Federal direct loan program.--Section 460(c) of such 
        Act (20 U.S.C. 1087j(c)) is amended by striking paragraph (1) 
        and inserting the following:
            ``(1) Amount and rate of repayment.--The Secretary shall 
        cancel an amount that is not more than $20,000 in the aggregate 
        of the loan obligation on a loan made under section 428 or 428H 
        that is outstanding after the completion of the first complete 
        school year of teaching described in subsection (b)(1)(A). Such 
        amount shall be canceled at the rate of 15 percent for the 
        first or second year of such service, 20 percent for the third 
        or fourth year of such service, and 30 percent for the fifth 
        year of such service.''.
Amends the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to establish a new program for teacher recruitment, retention, and training. Authorizes the Secretary of Education to award grants to local educational agencies to recruit, retain, and train high-quality teachers through one or more specified types of activities.Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to revise student loan forgiveness for teachers under the Federal Family Education Loan and Federal Direct Loan programs. Expands forgiveness eligibility by: (1) eliminating requirements allowing only certain new borrowers to participate; and (2) increasing the types of eligible teaching locations and subjects. Eliminates a service requirement that an individual teach at least five consecutive complete school years before being eligible for program benefits. Increases to $20,000 the aggregate amount of an individual teacher's student loan obligation which may be forgiven, and revises the rate of repayment.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Urban Medicare-Dependent Hospitals 
Preservation Act of 2011''.

SEC. 2. CRITERIA AND PAYMENT FOR CERTAIN URBAN MEDICARE-DEPENDENT 
              HOSPITALS.

    (a) In General.--Section 1886(d)(5) of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1395ww(d)(5)) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
subparagraph:
                    ``(M)(i) For cost reporting periods beginning on or 
                after October 1, 2011, and before October 1, 2014, in 
                the case of a subsection (d) hospital which is an urban 
                Medicare-dependent hospital, payment under paragraph 
                (1)(A) shall be equal to the sum of the amount 
                determined under clause (ii) and the amount determined 
                under paragraph (1)(A)(iii).
                    ``(ii) The amount determined under this clause is, 
                for discharges occurring during a cost reporting period 
                that begins on or after October 1, 2011, and before 
                October 1, 2014, 50 percent of the amount by which the 
                hospital's target amount for the cost reporting period 
                (as defined in subsection (b)(3)(L)) exceeds the amount 
                determined under paragraph (1)(A)(iii).
                    ``(iii) For purposes of this subparagraph, the term 
                `urban Medicare-dependent hospital' means, with respect 
                to any cost reporting period to which clause (i) 
                applies, any hospital--
                            ``(I) located in an urban area or 
                        reclassified to an urban area for wage index 
                        purposes;
                            ``(II) that does not receive payment--
                                    ``(aa) under subparagraph (C) as a 
                                rural referral center;
                                    ``(bb) under subparagraph (D) as a 
                                sole community hospital;
                                    ``(cc) under subparagraph (B) or 
                                under subsection (h); or
                                    ``(dd) under subparagraph (F);
                            ``(III) that is not a physician-owned 
                        hospital, as defined in section 489.3 of title 
                        42, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect 
                        as of the date of the enactment of this 
                        subparagraph); and
                            ``(IV) for which not less than 60 percent 
                        of its inpatient days or discharges during the 
                        cost reporting period beginning in fiscal year 
                        2006, or two of the three most recently audited 
                        cost reporting periods for which the Secretary 
                        has a settled cost report, were attributable to 
                        inpatients entitled to benefits under part A 
                        and not enrolled in a Medicare Advantage plan 
                        under part C.''.
    (b) Target Payment Amount.--Section 1886(b)(3) of the Social 
Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395ww(b)(3)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (B)(iv), by striking ``and (D)'' and 
        inserting ``, (D), and (M)''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(M) For cost reporting periods occurring on or 
                after October 1, 2011, and before October 1, 2014, in 
                the case of a hospital that is an urban Medicare-
                dependent hospital (as defined in subsection 
                (d)(5)(M)), the term `target amount' means--
                            ``(i) with respect to the first 12-month 
                        cost reporting period in which this 
                        subparagraph is applied to the hospital, the 
                        allowable operating costs of inpatient hospital 
                        services (as defined in subsection (a)(4)) 
                        recognized under this title for the hospital 
                        for the 12-month cost reporting period 
                        beginning during fiscal year 2002 or 2006 
                        (whichever results in a higher target amount), 
                        increased by the applicable percentage increase 
                        under subparagraph (B)(iv) for each of fiscal 
                        years 2003 through 2011 or 2007 through 2011, 
                        respectively; and
                            ``(ii) with respect to discharges occurring 
                        after the first 12-month cost reporting period 
                        in which this subparagraph is applied to the 
                        hospital, the target amount for the preceding 
                        year increased by the applicable percentage 
                        increase under subparagraph (B)(iv).''.
Urban Medicare-Dependent Hospitals Preservation Act of 2011 - Amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act, with respect to cost reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 2011, and before October 1, 2014, to revise the criteria and payment formula for "subsection (d) hospitals" which are urban Medicare-dependent hospitals.

(Generally a subsection (d) hospital is an acute care hospital particularly one that receives payments under Medicare's inpatient prospective payment system when providing covered inpatient services to eligible beneficiaries.)

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Ethiopia Democracy and 
Accountability Act of 2007''.

SEC. 2. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It is the policy of the United States to--
            (1) support the advancement of human rights, democracy, 
        independence of the judiciary, freedom of the press, 
        peacekeeping capacity building, and economic development in the 
        Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia;
            (2) seek the unconditional release of all political 
        prisoners and prisoners of conscience in Ethiopia;
            (3) foster stability, democracy, and economic development 
        in the region;
            (4) support humanitarian assistance efforts, especially in 
        the Ogaden region;
            (5) collaborate with Ethiopia in the Global War on Terror; 
        and
            (6) strengthen United States-Ethiopian relations based on 
        the policy objectives specified in paragraphs (1) through (5).

SEC. 3. SUPPORT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS IN ETHIOPIA.

    The Secretary of State shall--
            (1) provide financial support to local and national human 
        rights groups and other relevant civil society organizations to 
        help strengthen human rights monitoring and regular reporting 
        on human rights conditions in Ethiopia;
            (2) provide legal support, as needed, for political 
        prisoners and prisoners of conscience in Ethiopia and assist 
        local, national, and international groups that are active in 
        monitoring the status of political prisoners and prisoners of 
        conscience in Ethiopia;
            (3) seek to promote and bolster the independence of the 
        Ethiopian judiciary through--
                    (A) facilitation of joint discussions between court 
                personnel, officials from the Ethiopian Ministry of 
                Justice, relevant members of the legislature, and civil 
                society representatives on international human rights 
                standards; and
                    (B) encouraging exchanges between Ethiopian and 
                United States jurists, law schools, law professors, and 
                law students, especially in legal fields such as 
                constitutional law, role of the judiciary, due process, 
                political and voting rights, criminal law and 
                procedure, and discrimination;
            (4) establish a program, in consultation with Ethiopian 
        civil society, to provide for a judicial monitoring process, 
        consisting of indigenous organizations, international 
        organizations, or both, to monitor judicial proceedings 
        throughout Ethiopia, with special focus on unwarranted 
        government intervention on matters that are strictly judicial 
        in nature, and to report on actions needed to strengthen an 
        independent judiciary;
            (5) establish a program, in consultation with Ethiopian 
        civil society, and provide support to other programs, to 
        strengthen independent media in Ethiopia, including training, 
        and technical support;
            (6) expand the Voice of America's Ethiopia program;
            (7) support efforts of the international community to gain 
        full and unfettered access to the Ogaden region for--
                    (A) humanitarian assistance organizations; and
                    (B) independent human rights experts; and
            (8) work with appropriate departments and agencies of the 
        Government of the United States and appropriate officials of 
        foreign governments--
                    (A) to identify members of the Mengistu Haile 
                Mariam regime and officials of the current Government 
                of Ethiopia who were engaged in gross human rights 
                violations, including those individuals who may be 
                residing in the United States; and
                    (B) to support and encourage the prosecution of 
                individuals identified under subparagraph (A) in the 
                United States or Ethiopia.

SEC. 4. SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRATIZATION IN ETHIOPIA.

    (a) Strengthening Local, Regional, and National Democratic 
Processes.--The Secretary of State shall--
            (1) provide assistance to strengthen local, regional, and 
        national parliaments and governments in Ethiopia, as needed;
            (2) establish a program focused on reconciliation efforts 
        between the Government of Ethiopia and political parties, 
        including in minority communities, in preparation for 
        negotiation and for participation in the political process; and
            (3) provide training for civil society groups in election 
        monitoring in Ethiopia.
    (b) Democracy Enhancement.--
            (1) Assistance.--United States technical assistance for 
        democracy promotion in Ethiopia should be made available to all 
        political parties and civil society groups in Ethiopia.
            (2) Restriction.--
                    (A) In general.--Nonessential United States 
                assistance shall not be made available to the 
                Government of Ethiopia if the Government of Ethiopia 
                acts to obstruct United States technical assistance to 
                advance human rights, democracy, independence of the 
                judiciary, freedom of the press, economic development, 
                and economic freedom in Ethiopia.
                    (B) Definition.--In this paragraph, the term 
                ``nonessential United States assistance'' means 
                assistance authorized under any provision of law, other 
                than humanitarian assistance, food aid programs, 
                assistance to combat HIV/AIDS and other health care 
                assistance, peacekeeping assistance, and counter-
                terrorism assistance.

SEC. 5. ENSURING GOVERNMENT SUPPORT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS, DEMOCRACY, AND 
              ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN ETHIOPIA.

    (a) Limitation on Security Assistance; Travel Restrictions.--
            (1) Limitation on security assistance.--
                    (A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph 
                (B), security assistance shall not be provided to 
                Ethiopia until such time as the certification described 
                in paragraph (3) is made in accordance with such 
                paragraph.
                    (B) Exception.--Subparagraph (A) shall not apply 
                with respect to peacekeeping assistance, counter-
                terrorism assistance, or international military 
                education and training for civilian personnel under 
                section 541 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
                (commonly referred to as ``Expanded IMET''). 
                Peacekeeping or counter-terrorism assistance provided 
                to Ethiopia shall not be used for any other security-
                related purpose or to provide training to security 
                personnel or units against whom there is credible 
                evidence of gross human rights abuses or violations.
            (2) Travel restrictions.--Beginning on the date that is 60 
        days after the date of the enactment of this Act and until such 
        time as the certification described in paragraph (3) is made in 
        accordance with such paragraph, the President shall deny a visa 
        and entry into the United States to--
                    (A) any official of the Government of Ethiopia--
                            (i) who has been involved in giving orders 
                        to use lethal force against peaceful 
                        demonstrators or police officers in Ethiopia; 
                        or
                            (ii) against whom there is credible 
                        evidence of gross human rights abuses or 
                        violations;
                    (B) security personnel of the Government of 
                Ethiopia who were involved in the June or November 2005 
                shootings of demonstrators;
                    (C) security personnel responsible for murdering 
                Etenesh Yemam; and
                    (D) security personnel responsible for murdering 
                prisoners at Kaliti prison in the aftermath of the 
                election violence in 2005.
            (3) Certification.--The certification described in this 
        paragraph is a certification by the President to Congress that 
        the Government of Ethiopia is making credible, quantifiable 
        efforts to ensure that--
                    (A) all political prisoners and prisoners of 
                conscience in Ethiopia have been released, their civil 
                and political rights restored, and their property 
                returned;
                    (B) prisoners held without charge or kept in 
                detention without fair trial in violation of the 
                Constitution of Ethiopia are released or receive a fair 
                and speedy trial, and prisoners whose charges have been 
                dismissed or acquitted and are still being held are 
                released without delay;
                    (C) the Ethiopian judiciary is able to function 
                independently and allowed to uphold the Ethiopian 
                Constitution and international human rights standards;
                    (D) security personnel involved in the unlawful 
                killings of demonstrators and others, including Etenesh 
                Yemam, and Kaliti prisoners are held accountable;
                    (E) family members, friends, legal counsel, medical 
                personnel, human rights advocates, and others have 
                access, consistent with international law, to visit 
                detainees in Ethiopian prisons;
                    (F) print and broadcast media in Ethiopia are able 
                to operate free from undue interference and laws 
                restricting media freedom, including sections of the 
                Ethiopian Federal Criminal Code, are revised;
                    (G) licensing of independent radio and television 
                in Ethiopia is open and transparent;
                    (H) Internet access is not restricted by the 
                government and the ability of citizens to freely send 
                and receive electronic mail and otherwise obtain 
                information is guaranteed;
                    (I) the National Election Board (NEB) includes 
                representatives of political parties with seats in the 
                Ethiopian Parliament and the NEB functions 
                independently in its decision-making;
                    (J) representatives of international human rights 
                organizations engaged in human rights monitoring work, 
                humanitarian aid work, or investigations into human 
                rights abuses in Ethiopia are admitted to Ethiopia and 
                allowed to undertake their work in all regions of the 
                country without undue restriction; and
                    (K) Ethiopian human rights organizations are able 
                to operate in an environment free of harassment, 
                intimidation, and persecution.
            (4) Waiver.--
                    (A) In general.--The President may waive the 
                application of paragraph (1) or (2) on a case-by-case 
                basis if the President determines that such a waiver is 
                in the national security interests of the United 
                States.
                    (B) Notification.--Prior to granting a waiver under 
                the authority of subparagraph (A), the President shall 
                transmit to Congress a notification that includes the 
                reasons for the waiver.
    (b) Treatment of Political Prisoners and Prisoners of Conscience.--
            (1) In general.--The President, the Secretary of State, and 
        other relevant officials of the Government of the United States 
        shall call upon the Government of Ethiopia to immediately--
                    (A) release any and all remaining political 
                prisoners and prisoners of conscience, especially 
                prisoners held without charge; and
                    (B) allow full and unfettered access to the Ogaden 
                region by humanitarian aid organizations and 
                international human rights investigators.
            (2) Torture victim relief.--While it is the responsibility 
        of the Government of Ethiopia to compensate the victims of 
        unlawful imprisonment and torture and their families for their 
        suffering and losses, the President shall provide assistance 
        for the rehabilitation of victims of torture in Ethiopia at 
        centers established for such purposes pursuant to section 130 
        of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2152).
    (c) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
Government of the United States should--
            (1) encourage the Government of Ethiopia to enter into 
        discussions with opposition political groups interested in 
        reconciliation in order to bring such groups into full 
        participation in the political and economic affairs of 
        Ethiopia, including their legalization as political parties, 
        and provide such assistance as is warranted and necessary to 
        help achieve the goal described in this paragraph; and
            (2) provide assistance to promote the privatization of 
        government owned or controlled industries and properties in 
        Ethiopia.

SEC. 6. SUPPORT FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN ETHIOPIA.

    (a) Resource Policy Assistance.--The President, acting through the 
Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development 
and in cooperation with the World Bank and other donors, shall provide 
assistance, as needed, for sustainable development of Ethiopia's Nile 
and Awash River resources, including assistance to help Ethiopia with 
the technology necessary for the construction of irrigation systems and 
hydroelectric power that might prevent future famine.
    (b) Health Care Assistance.--The President, acting through the 
Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, shall provide material support to hospitals, clinics, and 
health care centers in Ethiopia, especially hospitals, clinics, and 
health care centers in rural areas.

SEC. 7. REPORT.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the President shall transmit to Congress a report on the 
implementation of this Act, including a description of a comprehensive 
plan to address issues of security, human rights, including in the 
Ogaden region, democratization, and economic freedom that potentially 
threaten the stability of Ethiopia.

SEC. 8. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) In General.--There are authorized to be appropriated to carry 
out this Act $20,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 and 2009.
    (b) Availability.--Amounts appropriated pursuant to the 
authorization of appropriations under subsection (a) are authorized to 
remain available until expended.

            Passed the House of Representatives October 2, 2007.

            Attest:

                                            LORRAINE C. MILLER,

                                                                 Clerk.

Ethiopia Democracy and Accountability Act of 2007 - (Sec. 2) States that is U.S. policy to: (1) support human rights, democracy, independence of the judiciary, freedom of the press, peacekeeping capacity building, and economic development in the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia; (2) collaborate with Ethiopia in the Global War on Terror; (3) seek the release of all political prisoners and prisoners of conscience in Ethiopia; (4) foster stability, democracy, and economic development in the region; (5) support humanitarian assistance efforts, especially in the Ogaden region; and (6) strengthen U.S.-Ethiopian relations.

(Sec. 3) Directs the Secretary of State to take specified actions to support human rights and democratization in Ethiopia.

(Sec. 5) Prohibits until the President makes specified congressional certifications: (1) security assistance to Ethiopia, with exceptions for peacekeeping, military education and training for civilian personnel, or counter-terrorism assistance; and (2) U.S. entry of any Ethiopian official involved in giving orders to use lethal force against peaceful demonstrators or accused of gross human rights violations, and government security personnel involved in specified shootings of demonstrators or prisoners, or murdering Etenesh Yemam. Authorizes the President, after congressional notification, to waive such prohibitions for national security purposes.

Directs the President, the Secretary, and other relevant U.S. government officials to call upon the government of Ethiopia to: (1) release all remaining political prisoners and prisoners of conscience, especially prisoners held without charge; and (2) allow full access to the Ogaden region by humanitarian aid organizations and international human rights investigators.

Directs the President to provide assistance for the rehabilitation of Ethiopian torture victims.

Expresses the sense of Congress that the U.S. government should: (1) encourage the government of Ethiopia to enter into discussions with peaceful political groups to bring them into full participation in Ethiopia's political and economic affairs; and (2) provide necessary assistance to help achieve such goal.

(Sec. 6) Directs the President to provide Ethiopia with assistance to: (1) develop Ethiopia's Nile and Awash River resources, including assistance for the construction of irrigation systems and hydroelectric power that might prevent future famine; and (2) support hospitals, clinics, and health care centers, especially in rural areas.

(Sec. 7) Directs the President to report to Congress respecting implementation of this Act.

(Sec. 8) Authorizes FY2008-FY2009 appropriations.