Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
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Question: Vitamin D is associated with a number of inflammatory diseases and plays a significant role in regulating bone metabolism. Serum calcifediol was demonstrated to be potentially associated with periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether an association exists between plasma calcifediol concentrations and aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and whether plasma levels of bone-related biomarkers (osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and phosphorus) regulated by vitamin D are related to AgP.', 'Sixty-six patients with generalized AgP, 52 patients with chronic periodontitis, and 60 healthy controls were included in this study. Periodontal examination consisted of probing depth, attachment loss, and bleeding index measurements. Hematic calcifediol and bone-related biomarker levels were detected using radioimmunity assay kits or a biochemical analyzer.', 'Plasma calcifediol levels in patients with AgP were higher than those of healthy controls (29.28 versus 21.60 nmol/l; P <0.05) and were statistically significantly correlated with bleeding index (r = 0.321; P <0.05). Plasma osteocalcin concentrations in patients with AgP were higher than those of healthy controls (0.90 versus 0.70 ng/ml; P <0.05). Serum inorganic phosphorus values of both periodontitis groups were lower than those of healthy controls (1.06 +/- 0.18 mmol/l and 1.10 +/- 0.15 mmol/l versus 1.26 +/- 0.17 mmol/l; P <0.05).

Answer: Is elevated plasma calcifediol associated with aggressive periodontitis?


Question: To determine whether early enteral feeding in a septic intensive care unit (ICU) population, using a formula supplemented with arginine, mRNA, and omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil (Impact), improves clinical outcomes, when compared with a common use, high protein enteral feed without these nutrients.', 'A prospective, randomized, multicentered trial.', 'ICUs of six hospitals in Spain.', 'One hundred eighty-one septic patients (122 males, 59 females) presenting for enteral nutrition in an ICU.', 'Septic ICU patients with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores of > or =10 received either an enteral feed enriched with arginine, mRNA, and omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil (Impact), or a common use, high protein control feed (Precitene Hiperproteico).', 'One hundred seventy-six (89 Impact patients, 87 control subjects) were eligible for intention-to-treat analysis. The mortality rate was reduced for the treatment group compared with the control group (17 of 89 vs. 28 of 87; p < .05). Bacteremias were reduced in the treatment group (7 of 89 vs. 19 of 87; p = .01) as well as the number of patients with more than one nosocomial infection (5 of 89 vs. 17 of 87; p = .01). The benefit in mortality rate for the treatment group was more pronounced for patients with APACHE II scores between 10 and 15 (1 of 26 vs. 8 of 29; p = .02).

Answer: Does an immune-enhancing enteral diet reduce mortality rate and episodes of bacteremia in septic intensive care unit patients?


Question: To investigate the associations of IL17A, IL17F, IL23A, and IL23R copy number variants (CNVs) with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome and Behçet's disease (BD) and the possible mechanisms involved.", 'Two-stage case-control and functional studies.', 'A total of 1159 VKH patients, 1036 BD patients, and 2050 controls were enrolled.', 'TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was used for genotyping of copy number variant. Cell proliferation was measured by colorimetric assay.', 'Association of CNVs in IL17A, IL17F, IL23A, and IL23R with BD and VKH syndrome and the functional roles of IL17F CNVs.', 'Increased frequencies of more than 2 copies of IL17F and IL23A were found in BD patients as compared with controls (IL17F: P=4.17×10(-8); odds ratio [OR], 2.2; IL23A: P=2.86×10(-11); OR, 2.8, respectively). A similar result was found for VKH syndrome (IL17F: P=2.84×10(-13); OR, 2.7; IL23A: P=4.46×10(-17); OR, 3.4, respectively). Interestingly, the association of IL17F and IL23A with BD was found only in male patients (IL17F: P=1.06×10(-6); OR, 2.3; IL23A, P=3.81×10(-8); OR, 2.8, respectively), but not in female patients. No association of CNVs in IL17A and IL23R was found for BD and VKH syndrome. IL17F protein levels were correlated positively with gene copy numbers (P=3.43×10(-7)). Individuals with high IL17F copies showed enhanced peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) proliferation (P=5.67×10(-3)).

Answer:
Do genetic variations of IL17F and IL23A show associations with Behçet 's disease and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome?