Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

[EX Q]: Right ventricular failure does not explain all cases of death in patients with chronic pulmonary hypertension. Searching for alternative explanations, we evaluated the prognostic significance of main pulmonary artery (PA) dilatation in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).', 'A retrospective outcome analysis was made of 264 patients (aged 46 ± 17 years; women, 69%; PAH, 82%) who underwent both CT scan measurement of the PA and right-sided heart catheterization (mean PA pressure, 57.6 ± 16.5 mm Hg) at initial evaluation.', 'The diameter of the PA ranged from 28 to 120 mm (mean, 39 ± 8.6 mm; median, 38 mm) and was largest in patients with unrepaired congenital defects (42.6 ± 7.6 mm). Pulmonary pulse pressure (P = .04), lower age (P = .03), and duration of symptoms (P &lt; .001) were independently but weakly related to PA diameter. During follow-up (median, 38 months), 99 patients (37%) died. Of these 99 deaths, 73 (74%) were due to heart failure or comorbidities, and 26 (26%) were unexpected deaths (UE-Ds). PA diameter (hazard ratio [HR], 1.06 per 1 mm; 95% CI, 1.03-1.08), heart rate (HR, 1.30 per 10 beats/min; 95% CI, 1.01-1.66), and systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (HR, 1.02 per 1 mm Hg; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04) were the only independent predictors of UE-D and differed from the usual predictors found in the study group for all-cause mortality. PA diameter ≥ 48 mm had 95% specificity and 39% sensitivity and carried 7.5 times higher risk of UE-D (95% CI, 3.4-16.5; P &lt; .0001) during follow-up.
[EX A]: 0

[EX Q]: A prominent feature of many human cancers is oncogene-driven activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) during early tumorigenesis. It has been shown previously that noninvasive imaging of the phosphorylated histone H2A variant H2AX, γH2AX, a DNA damage signaling protein, is possible using (111)In-labeled anti-γH2AX antibody conjugated to the cell-penetrating peptide transactivator of transcription (TAT). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether (111)In-anti-γH2AX-TAT detects the DDR during mammary oncogenesis in BALB-neuT mice.', 'Mammary fat pads from BALB-neuT and wild-type mice (age, 40-106 d) were immunostained for γH2AX. (111)In-anti-γH2AX-TAT or a control probe was administered intravenously to BALB-neuT mice. SPECT was performed weekly and compared with tumor detection using palpation and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging.', 'γH2AX expression was elevated in hyperplastic lesions in the mammary fat pads of BALB-neuT mice aged 76-106 d, compared with normal fat pads from younger mice and carcinomas from older mice (13.5 ± 1.2 γH2AX foci/cell vs. 5.2 ± 1.5 [P < 0.05] and 3.4 ± 1.1 [P < 0.001], respectively). Serial SPECT imaging revealed a 2.5-fold increase in (111)In-anti-γH2AX-TAT accumulation in the mammary fat pads of mice aged 76-106 d, compared with control probe (P = 0.01). The median time to detection of neoplastic lesions by (111)In-anti-γH2AX-TAT (defined as >5% injected dose per gram of tissue) was 96 d, compared with 120 and 131 d for dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging and palpation, respectively (P < 0.001).
[EX A]: 0

[EX Q]: hMena (ENAH), a cytoskeleton regulatory protein involved in the regulation of cell motility and adhesion, is overexpressed in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to define at what stage of breast carcinogenesis hMena is overexpressed and to correlate hMena overexpression with established prognostic factors in breast cancer, focusing on human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2).', 'hMena expression was assessed immunohistochemically in a prospective cohort of cases (n = 360) encompassing a highly representative spectrum of benign breast diseases associated with different risk of transformation, in situ, invasive, and metastatic tumors. Correlations with conventional pathologic and prognostic variables, such as proliferation index, hormonal receptor status, and HER-2 overexpression, were also evaluated. In vitro experiments were done to study the effect of neuregulin-1 and Herceptin treatments on hMena expression.', 'hMena protein is undetectable in normal breast and is weakly expressed in a small percentage of low-risk benign diseases (9%), but displays a progressive and significant increase of positivity in benign lesions at higher risk of transformation (slightly increased risk 43%; moderate increased risk 67%), in in situ (72%), invasive (93%), and metastatic breast cancer (91%). A significant direct correlation with tumor size (P = 0.04), proliferation index (P < 0.0001), and HER-2 overexpression (P < 0.0001) and an inverse relationship with estrogen (P = 0.036) and progesterone receptors (P = 0.001) are found in invasive carcinomas. In vitro experiments show that neuregulin-1 up-regulates, whereas Herceptin down-regulates, hMena expression.
[EX A]:
1