In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

SECTION 1. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Apprenticeships can help veterans bridge the gap 
        between service in the Armed Forces and civilian employment 
        by--
                    (A) receiving on-the-job training under the direct 
                supervision of a professional and classroom 
                instruction;
                    (B) implementing skills the veterans acquired while 
                in the Armed Forces;
                    (C) providing practical work experience to the 
                veterans; and
                    (D) forming professional connections to fellow 
                members of skilled occupations.
            (2) According to the Employment and Training Administration 
        of the Department of Labor, in fiscal year 2016--
                    (A) more than 21,000 apprenticeship programs across 
                the United States are registered with the 
                Administration;
                    (B) approximately 1,700 new apprenticeship programs 
                were established in the United States;
                    (C) more than 206,000 individuals across the United 
                States entered an apprenticeship program;
                    (D) more than 505,000 apprentices sought to acquire 
                skills to earn the wages necessary for financial 
                security; and
                    (E) approximately 49,000 individuals graduated from 
                apprenticeship programs.

SEC. 2. EDUCATIONAL ASSISTANCE FOR VETERANS WHO PURSUE CERTAIN 
              APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS.

    Section 3313(g)(3) of title 38, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end the following new subparagraphs:
                    ``(E) In the case of an individual pursuing a 
                program of apprenticeship (that is registered with the 
                Employment and Training Administration of the 
                Department of Labor) on more than a half-time but less 
                than full-time basis, an annual stipend for tuition and 
                fees not to exceed the lesser of--
                            ``(i) the actual net cost for tuition and 
                        fees for the program of apprenticeship after 
                        the application of any waiver of, or reduction 
                        in, tuition and fees; or
                            ``(ii) 25 percent of the amount calculated 
                        under subsection (c)(1)(A)(ii).
                    ``(F) In the case of an individual pursuing a 
                program of apprenticeship (that is registered with the 
                Employment and Training Administration of the 
                Department of Labor and for which the individual 
                provides proof of current registration to the 
                Secretary) that is not sponsored by the employer of the 
                individual, an annual stipend for tuition and fees not 
                to exceed the lesser of--
                            ``(i) the actual net cost for tuition and 
                        fees for the program of apprenticeship after 
                        the application of any waiver of, or reduction 
                        in, tuition and fees; or
                            ``(ii) 25 percent of the amount calculated 
                        under subsection (c)(1)(A)(ii).''.

SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that apprenticeship programs that are 
not sponsored by employers of participants in such programs should 
supply professional development resources and interview training to the 
participants.

SEC. 4. PILOT PROGRAM FOR VETERANS WHO PURSUE COMPUTER NUMERICALLY 
              CONTROLLED MACHINING CERTIFICATIONS.

    (a) Pilot Program.--The Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall carry 
out a pilot program under which the Secretary shall provide eligible 
veterans with the opportunity to enroll in certification programs in 
computer numerically controlled machining.
    (b) Eligibility.--For purposes of the pilot program under this 
section, an eligible veteran is a veteran who is entitled to 
educational assistance under the laws administered by the Secretary.
    (c) Contracts.--
            (1) In general.--For purposes of carrying out subsection 
        (a), by not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act, the Secretary shall seek to enter into contracts 
        with multiple qualified providers of certification programs in 
        computer numerically controlled machining for the provision of 
        such programs to eligible veterans under the pilot program.
            (2) Payment of contractors.--A contract under this 
        subsection shall provide that the Secretary shall pay to a 
        provider--
                    (A) 25 percent of the cost of providing the 
                certification program upon the enrollment of an 
                eligible veteran in the program;
                    (B) 25 percent of such cost upon the completion of 
                the program by the veteran; and
                    (C) 50 percent of such cost upon the employment of 
                the veteran following completion of the program.
            (3) Qualified providers.--For purposes of the pilot 
        program, a provider of a certification program in computer 
        numerically controlled machining is qualified if the provider 
        has been operational for at least two years.
            (4) Tuition reimbursement.--In entering into contracts to 
        carry out the pilot program, the Secretary shall give 
        preference to a qualified provider that offers tuition 
        reimbursement for any student who--
                    (A) completes a certification program offered by 
                the provider; and
                    (B) does not find full-time meaningful employment 
                within the 180-day period beginning on the date the 
                student completes the program.
    (d) Housing Stipend.--The Secretary shall pay to each eligible 
veteran who is enrolled in a certification program in computer 
numerically controlled machining under the pilot program on a full-time 
basis a monthly housing stipend equal to the product of--
            (1) in the case of--
                    (A) a veteran pursuing resident training, the 
                monthly amount of the basic allowance for housing 
                payable under section 403 of title 37, United States 
                Code, for a member with dependents in pay grade E-5 who 
                resides in the military housing area that encompasses 
                all or the majority of the ZIP code area in which the 
                campus at which the veteran attends training or classes 
                is located; or
                    (B) a veteran pursuing a certification program 
                through distance learning, a monthly amount equal to 50 
                percent of the amount payable under subparagraph (A); 
                and
            (2) the lesser of--
                    (A) 1.0; or
                    (B) the number of course hours carried by the 
                individual in pursuit of the certification program 
                involved, divided by the minimum number of course hours 
                required for full-time pursuit of such certification 
                program, rounded to the nearest tenth.
    (e) Certification Program in Computer Numerically Controlled 
Machining Defined.--In this section, the term ``certification program 
in computer numerically controlled machining'' means a training program 
that--
            (1) is offered by an entity--
                    (A) other than an institution of higher learning; 
                or
                    (B) that is a professional organization;
            (2) does not lead to a degree; and
            (3) leads to a National Institute for Metalworking Skills 
        credential or certification in computer numerically controlled 
        machining.
    (f) Reports.--
            (1) Secretary of veterans affairs.--Not later than one year 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually 
        thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on 
        the pilot program under this section.
            (2) Comptroller general.--
                    (A) Interim report.--Not later than three years 
                after the date on which the Secretary first enters into 
                a contract under this section, the Comptroller General 
                of the United States shall submit to Congress a report 
                containing the results of the interim assessment of the 
                Comptroller General. Such report shall include the 
                recommendations of the Comptroller General for 
                improving the pilot program and an assessment of each 
                of the following:
                            (i) The manufacturing and training 
                        experience of the directors and instructors of 
                        the providers of certification programs in 
                        computer numerically controlled machining under 
                        the pilot program.
                            (ii) Whether the providers followed 
                        training curricula commonly used in the 
                        industry (including curricula from the National 
                        Institute for Metalworking Skills) for the 
                        certification programs.
                            (iii) Whether the providers use open source 
                        curricula for the certification programs.
                            (iv) The admittance rate into the pilot 
                        program.
                            (v) The job placement rate for veterans who 
                        completed a certification program under the 
                        pilot program.
                            (vi) The average salary of veterans who 
                        completed a certification program under the 
                        pilot program and were subsequently employed.
                            (vii) The average age of veterans who 
                        participated in the pilot program.
                    (B) Final report.--Not later than five years after 
                the date on which the Secretary first enters into a 
                contract under this section, the Comptroller General 
                shall submit to Congress a final report on the pilot 
                program. Such report shall include the recommendation 
                of the Comptroller General with respect to whether the 
                program should be extended and an assessment of each of 
                the following:
                            (i) Each item described in clauses (i) 
                        through (vii) of subparagraph (A).
                            (ii) The percentage of veterans who 
                        completed a certification program under the 
                        pilot program who were subsequently employed 
                        for a period of six months or longer.
    (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary of Veterans Affairs $5,000,000 for each 
fiscal year during which the Secretary carries out a pilot program 
under this section.
    (h) Termination.--The authority to carry out a pilot program under 
this section shall terminate on the date that is five years after the 
date on which the Secretary first enters into a contract under this 
section.

SEC. 5. COMPTROLLER GENERAL REVIEW OF THE CAREER TECHNICAL TRAINING 
              TRACK OF THE TRANSITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.

    Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a 
review of the career technical training track of the Transition 
Assistance Program of the Department of Veterans Affairs (specifically 
with regard to the effectiveness of educating participants about 
apprenticeship opportunities) and submit to Congress a report on the 
results of the review and any recommendations of the Comptroller 
General for improving the program.
This bill provides educational assistance to veterans who pursue certain apprenticeship programs registered with the Employment and Training Administration of the Department of Labor. It is the sense of Congress that apprenticeship programs that are not sponsored by program participants' employers should provide the participants with professional development resources and interview training.  The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) shall carry out a pilot program to provide eligible veterans with the opportunity to enroll in certification programs in computer numerically controlled machining. The Government Accountability Office shall report to Congress regarding the career technical training track of the VA's Transition Assistance Program, including its effectiveness in educating participants about apprenticeship opportunities. 

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Fracturing Regulations are Effective 
in State Hands Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds that--
            (1) hydraulic fracturing is a commercially viable practice 
        that has been used in the United States for more than 60 years 
        in more than 1,000,000 wells;
            (2) the Ground Water Protection Council, a national 
        association of State water regulators that is considered to be 
        a leading groundwater protection organization in the United 
        States, released a report entitled ``State Oil and Natural Gas 
        Regulations Designed to Protect Water Resources'' and dated May 
        2009 finding that the ``current State regulation of oil and gas 
        activities is environmentally proactive and preventive'';
            (3) that report also concluded that ``[a]ll oil and gas 
        producing States have regulations which are designed to provide 
        protection for water resources'';
            (4) a 2004 study by the Environmental Protection Agency, 
        entitled ``Evaluation of Impacts to Underground Sources of 
        Drinking Water by Hydraulic Fracturing of Coalbed Methane 
        Reservoirs'', found no evidence of drinking water wells 
        contaminated by fracture fluid from the fracked formation;
            (5) a 2009 report by the Ground Water Protection Council, 
        entitled ``State Oil and Natural Gas Regulations Designed to 
        Protect Water Resources'', found a ``lack of evidence'' that 
        hydraulic fracturing conducted in both deep and shallow 
        formations presents a risk of endangerment to ground water;
            (6) a January 2009 resolution by the Interstate Oil and Gas 
        Compact Commission stated ``The states, who regulate 
        production, have comprehensive laws and regulations to ensure 
        operations are safe and to protect drinking water. States have 
        found no verified cases of groundwater contamination associated 
        with hydraulic fracturing.'';
            (7) on May 24, 2011, before the Oversight and Government 
        Reform Committee of the House of Representatives, Lisa Jackson, 
        the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, 
        testified that she was ``not aware of any proven case where the 
        fracking process itself has affected water'';
            (8) in 2011, Bureau of Land Management Director Bob Abbey 
        stated, ``We have not seen evidence of any adverse effect as a 
        result of the use of the chemicals that are part of that 
        fracking technology.'';
            (9)(A) activities relating to hydraulic fracturing (such as 
        surface discharges, wastewater disposal, and air emissions) are 
        already regulated at the Federal level under a variety of 
        environmental statutes, including portions of--
                    (i) the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 
                U.S.C. 1251 et seq.);
                    (ii) the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f et 
                seq.); and
                    (iii) the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.); 
                but
            (B) Congress has continually elected not to include the 
        hydraulic fracturing process in the underground injection 
        control program under the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 
        300f et seq.);
            (10) in 2011, the Secretary of the Interior announced the 
        intention to promulgate new Federal regulations governing 
        hydraulic fracturing on Federal land;
            (11) a February 2012 study by the Energy Institute at the 
        University of Texas at Austin, entitled ``Fact-Based Regulation 
        for Environmental Protection in Shale Gas Development'', found 
        that ``[n]o evidence of chemicals from hydraulic fracturing 
        fluid has been found in aquifers as a result of fracturing 
        operations''; and
            (12) on October 1, 2014, the Ground Water Protection 
        Council and State Oil and Gas Regulatory Exchange released a 
        report entitled ``State Oil and Gas Regulations Designed to 
        Protect Water Resources'' that describes the cutting edge of 
        State-based oil and gas regulations, concluding that ``In step 
        with dramatic industry growth over the past five years, states 
        have substantially improved groundwater protection laws and 
        regulations governing oil and natural gas production.''.

SEC. 3. DEFINITION OF FEDERAL LAND.

    In this Act, the term ``Federal land'' means--
            (1) public lands (as defined in section 103 of the Federal 
        Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1702));
            (2) National Forest System land;
            (3) land under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of 
        Reclamation; and
            (4) land under the jurisdiction of the Corps of Engineers.

SEC. 4. STATE AUTHORITY.

    (a) In General.--A State shall have the sole authority to 
promulgate or enforce any regulation, guidance, or permit requirement 
regarding the treatment of a well by the application of fluids under 
pressure to which propping agents may be added for the expressly 
designed purpose of initiating or propagating fractures in a target 
geologic formation in order to enhance production of oil, natural gas, 
or geothermal production activities on or under any land within the 
boundaries of the State.
    (b) Federal Land.--The treatment of a well by the application of 
fluids under pressure to which propping agents may be added for the 
expressly designed purpose of initiating or propagating fractures in a 
target geologic formation in order to enhance production of oil, 
natural gas, or geothermal production activities on Federal land shall 
be subject to the law of the State in which the land is located.
Fracturing Regulations are Effective in State Hands Act  This bill gives states the sole authority to promulgate or enforce any regulation, guidance, or permit requirement regarding hydraulic fracturing on or under any land within their boundaries. Hydraulic fracturing or fracking is a process to extract underground resources such as oil or gas from a geologic formation by injecting water, a propping agent (e.g., sand), and chemical additives into a well under enough pressure to fracture the geological formation. Hydraulic fracturing on federal land must comply with the law of the state in which the land is located.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Limited Congressional Pension Act of 
1995''.

SEC. 2. AMENDMENTS RELATING TO THE CIVIL SERVICE RETIREMENT SYSTEM.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter III of chapter 83 of title 5, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 8352. Limitations relating to Members
    ``(a)(1) For the purpose of this section--
            ``(A) the term `maximum allowable period of member service' 
        means the greater of--
                    ``(i) 12 years of member service; or
                    ``(ii) the total number of years of member service 
                completed by the Member before the effective date of 
                this section (expressed in terms of the full years and 
                twelfth parts thereof, excluding from the aggregate the 
                fractional part of a month, if any);
            ``(B) the term `deemed separation date', as used with 
        respect to a Member, means the date such Member is deemed under 
        subsection (b)(1)(A) or (B), as the case may be, to have 
        separated from service as a Member; and
            ``(C) the term `deemed separation' means a separation 
        deemed to have occurred under subsection (b)(1)(A) or (B).
    ``(2) This section shall apply with respect to any individual 
serving as a Member on or after the effective date of this section, 
excluding a reemployed annuitant whose annuity commenced before such 
effective date.
    ``(b) Except as otherwise provided in this section--
            ``(1)(A) any Member who has completed the maximum allowable 
        period of member service before the effective date of this 
        section shall, for purposes of this subchapter, be deemed to 
        have separated from service on the day before such effective 
        date; and
            ``(B) any Member who completes the maximum allowable period 
        of member service on or after the effective date of this 
        section shall, for purposes of this subchapter, be deemed to 
        have separated from service on the date on which such Member 
        completes the maximum allowable period of member service; and
            ``(2) any Member who is deemed to have separated from 
        service under subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) may not thereafter remain or become subject 
                to either the Civil Service Retirement System or the 
                Federal Employees' Retirement System as a Member of 
                Congress (as defined by section 2106); and
                    ``(B) for purposes of this subchapter, shall, while 
                thereafter serving as a Member of Congress (as so 
                defined), be treated in the same way as a former Member 
                not then performing Government service.
    ``(c)(1) This subsection shall apply with respect to any Member 
described in subsection (b)(1)(A) or (B).
    ``(2) A Member to whom this subsection applies shall not be 
eligible for an immediate or deferred annuity based on any deemed 
separation. Rather, actual separation must occur in order to be 
eligible for such an annuity.
    ``(3) For purposes of determining whether a Member satisfies the 
age and service requirements for title to an annuity--
            ``(A) the Member's age as of the Member's deemed separation 
        date shall be used; and
            ``(B) the Member's total service as of the Member's deemed 
        separation date shall be used, subject to paragraph (7).
    ``(4) The requirements of subsections (b) and (c) of section 8333 
shall be considered met if the Member would satisfy those requirements 
as of the Member's deemed separation date (assuming the Member actually 
separated on that date).
    ``(5) For purposes of any computation of annuity--
            ``(A) average pay shall be determined disregarding pay for 
        any member service performed after the Member's deemed 
        separation date;
            ``(B) any reduction under section 8339(h) shall be made 
        using the age determined under paragraph (3)(A); and
            ``(C) the Member's total service shall be equal to the 
        total service determined under paragraph (3)(B).
For purposes of applying the respective limitations under sections 
8339(f) and 8340(g), the average pay and final pay (or final basic pay) 
of a Member shall likewise be determined based on the Member's deemed 
separation date.
    ``(6)(A) Any deadline (such as for making an election or making a 
deposit) which is fixed by reference to date of separation shall be 
applied using the Member's actual separation date.
    ``(B) Any determination as to the marital status of the Member as 
of date of separation shall be made based on the Member's actual 
separation date.
    ``(7) For purposes of determining any period of military service 
which is creditable for purposes of section 8339(c)(1), the date of 
final separation from service as a Member (as referred to in section 
8332(d)) shall be the Member's actual separation date.
    ``(d)(1) No contribution to the Thrift Savings Fund may be made by 
any Member with respect to any pay period beginning on or after the 
effective date of this section.
    ``(2) Except as provided in paragraph (1), nothing in this section 
shall be considered to permit or require that a Member be treated as 
having separated before such Member's actual separation date for 
purposes of the Thrift Savings Plan.
    ``(e) Regulations to carry out this section may be prescribed by 
the Office of Personnel Management and the Executive Director (within 
the meaning of section 8401(13)) with respect to matters within their 
respective areas of jurisdiction.
    ``(f) This section shall take effect as of the first day of the 
Congress next beginning after the date of the enactment of the Limited 
Congressional Pension Act of 1995.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 83 of 
title 5, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``8352. Limitations relating to Members.''.

SEC. 3. AMENDMENTS RELATING TO THE FEDERAL EMPLOYEES' RETIREMENT 
              SYSTEM.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter I of chapter 84 of title 5, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 8404. Limitations relating to Members
    ``(a)(1) For the purpose of this section--
            ``(A) the term `maximum allowable period of member service' 
        means the greater of--
                    ``(i) 12 years of member service; or
                    ``(ii) the total number of years of member service 
                completed by the Member before the effective date of 
                this section (expressed in terms of the full years and 
                twelfth parts thereof, excluding from the aggregate the 
                fractional part of a month, if any);
            ``(B) the term `deemed separation date', as used with 
        respect to a Member, means the date such Member is deemed under 
        subsection (b)(1)(A) or (B), as the case may be, to have 
        separated from service as a Member;
            ``(C) the term `deemed separation' means a separation 
        deemed to have occurred under subsection (b)(1)(A) or (B); and
            ``(D) the term `member service' means any service as a 
        Member and any service constituting member service within the 
        meaning of section 8331(14).
    ``(2) This section shall apply with respect to any individual 
serving as a Member on or after the effective date of this section, 
excluding a reemployed annuitant whose annuity commenced before such 
effective date.
    ``(b) Except as otherwise provided in this section--
            ``(1)(A) any Member who has completed the maximum allowable 
        period of member service before the effective date of this 
        section shall, for purposes of this chapter, be deemed to have 
        separated from service on the day before such effective date; 
        and
            ``(B) any Member who completes the maximum allowable period 
        of member service on or after the effective date of this 
        section shall, for purposes of this chapter, be deemed to have 
        separated from service on the date on which such Member 
        completes the maximum allowable period of member service; and
            ``(2) any Member who is deemed to have separated from 
        service under subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) may not thereafter remain or become subject 
                to the Federal Employees' Retirement System as a Member 
                of Congress (as defined by section 2106); and
                    ``(B) for purposes of this chapter, shall, while 
                thereafter serving as a Member of Congress (as so 
                defined), be treated in the same way as a former Member 
                not then performing Government service.
    ``(c)(1) This subsection shall apply with respect to any Member 
described in subsection (b)(1)(A) or (B).
    ``(2) A Member to whom this subsection applies shall not be 
eligible for an immediate or deferred annuity based on any deemed 
separation. Rather, actual separation must occur in order to be 
eligible for such an annuity.
    ``(3) For purposes of determining whether a Member satisfies the 
age and service requirements for title to an annuity--
            ``(A) the Member's age as of the Member's deemed separation 
        date shall be used; and
            ``(B) the Member's total service as of the Member's deemed 
        separation date shall be used, subject to paragraph (6).
However, for purposes of determining eligibility for an annuity 
supplement under section 8421, the Member's actual age shall be used.
    ``(4) For purposes of any computation of annuity--
            ``(A) average pay shall be determined disregarding pay for 
        any member service performed after the Member's deemed 
        separation date; and
            ``(B) the Member's total service shall be equal to the 
        total service determined under paragraph (3)(B).
Any annuity supplement under section 8421 shall be computed in a manner 
consistent with the preceding sentence.
    ``(5)(A) Any deadline (such as for making an election or making a 
deposit) which is fixed by reference to date of separation shall be 
applied using the Member's actual separation date.
    ``(B) Any determination as to the marital status of the Member and 
any similar determination shall be made based on the Member's actual 
separation date.
    ``(6) For purposes of determining any period of military service 
which is creditable for purposes of section 8411(c), the date of 
separation from service as a Member shall be the Member's actual 
separation date.
    ``(d)(1) No contribution to the Thrift Savings Fund may be made by 
or for the benefit of any Member (including under section 8432(c)(1)) 
with respect to any pay period beginning on or after the effective date 
of this section.
    ``(2) Except as provided in paragraph (1), nothing in this section 
shall be considered to permit or require that a Member be treated as 
having separated before such Member's actual separation date for 
purposes of the Thrift Savings Plan.
    ``(e) Regulations to carry out this section may be prescribed by 
the Office of Personnel Management and the Executive Director with 
respect to matters within their respective areas of jurisdiction.
    ``(f) This section shall take effect as of the first day of the 
Congress next beginning after the date of the enactment of the Limited 
Congressional Pension Act of 1995.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 83 of 
title 5, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``8404. Limitations relating to Members.''.

Limited Congressional Pension Act of 1995 - Amends Federal civil service law to limit to 12 years (with certain exceptions) the number of years that a Member of Congress may participate in either the Civil Service Retirement System or the Federal Employees' Retirement System.