Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Ex Input:
To investigate the effects of copper on permeability and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) of Caco-2 cell monolayers.', 'The differentiated Caco-2 cell model was used in this study. Permeability of cell monolayers was reflected by monitoring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER); distribution of tight junctional protein ZO-1 was measured by immunofluorescent staining; F actin was measured by fluorescence staining; and Activity of P-gp was reflected by changes of transcellular transport and accumulation of Rho-123 in Caco-2 cells.', "Apical treatment with copper (30 - 100 micromol/L, Hanks' buffered salt solution, up to 3 hours) induced a time- and concentration-dependent increase in permeability reflected by progressive decrease of TEER of Caco-2 cell monolayers, accompanied by deorganization of F actin, but without significant effects on tight junctional protein ZO-1; at a dose without any adverse effects on viability and permeability of Caco-2 monolayers, copper treatment (300 micromol/L, complete medium, 24 hours) decreased Papp(BL-->AP) from 7.37 +/- 0.20 x 10(-6) cm/s (controls) to (6.43 +/- 0.27) x 10(-6) cm/s, the increased Papp(AP-->BL) from (1.23 +/- 0.05) x 10(-7) cm/s (controls) to (3.41 +/- 0.08) x 10(-7) cm/s, and enhanced the intracellular Rho-123 from (0.31 +/- 0.01) nmol/filter (controls) to (0.50 +/- 0.03) nmol/filter.

Ex Output:
Does [ Copper treatment alter the barrier functions of human intestinal Caco-2 cells ]?


Ex Input:
This study addresses the potential utility of preoperative functional imaging with magnetoencephalography (MEG) for the selection of glioma patients who are likely to benefit from resective surgical treatment regarding postoperative morbidity.', 'One hundred and nineteen patients with gliomas adjacent to sensorimotor, visual and speech related brain areas were investigated preoperatively with a MAGNES II biomagnetometer. In each patient the pre-surgical evaluation was focussed on the visual, sensorimotor cortex and/or of the speech related brain areas. A grading system was then used according to the distance of the MEG activation sources to the nearest tumour border to determine the further treatment. The therapeutic options consisted in conservative treatment, stereotactic biopsy and/or a radiation and chemotherapy, substantial cytoreduction and the gross total removal of the lesion.', 'From 119 investigated patients, 55 patients (46.2%) were not considered for surgery due to tumour invasion to functional cortex. Sixty four patients (53.8%) were chosen for resective surgery. In the surgical group only four patients (6.2%) suffered from neurological deterioration.

Ex Output:
Does magnetic source imaging support clinical decision making in glioma patients?


Ex Input:
The effects of GH on exercise performance remain unclear.', 'The aim of the study was to examine the effects of GH receptor (GHR) antagonist treatment on exercise performance.', 'Subjects were treated with the GHR antagonist pegvisomant or placebo for 16 d. After the treatment period, they exercised to determine exercise performance and hormonal and metabolic responses.', 'Twenty healthy males participated in the study.', 'Subjects were treated with the GHR antagonist (n = 10; 10 mg/d) or placebo (n = 10). After the treatment period, they performed a maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2 max)) test and a prolonged exercise test, consisting of 60 min of submaximal cycling followed by exercise to fatigue at 90% of VO(2 max).', 'VO(2 max) was measured before and after the treatment period. Hormonal and metabolic responses and time to exhaustion during prolonged exercise were determined.', 'Resting serum IGF-I concentration decreased by 20% in the GHR antagonist-treated group (P < 0.05), whereas no change was observed in the placebo group. Conversely, resting serum GH concentration was significantly higher in the treatment group compared with the placebo group (P < 0.01). VO(2 max) did not change significantly in either group after the treatment period. Time to exhaustion at 90% of VO(2 max) was significantly shorter in the treatment group (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of changes in serum free fatty acids, glycerol, VO(2), or relative fat oxidation.

Ex Output:

Does growth hormone receptor antagonist treatment reduce exercise performance in young males?