instruction:
In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Federal Ocean Acidification Research 
And Monitoring Act of 2009'' or the ``FOARAM Act''.

SEC. 2. PURPOSES.

    (a) Purposes.--The purposes of this Act are to provide for--
            (1) development and coordination of a comprehensive 
        interagency plan to--
                    (A) monitor and conduct research on the processes 
                and consequences of ocean acidification on marine 
                organisms and ecosystems; and
                    (B) establish an interagency research and 
                monitoring program on ocean acidification;
            (2) establishment of an ocean acidification program within 
        the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;
            (3) assessment and consideration of regional and national 
        ecosystem and socioeconomic impacts of increased ocean 
        acidification; and
            (4) research adaptation strategies and techniques for 
        effectively conserving marine ecosystems as they cope with 
        increased ocean acidification.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Ocean acidification.--The term ``ocean acidification'' 
        means the decrease in pH of the Earth's oceans and changes in 
        ocean chemistry caused by chemical inputs from the atmosphere, 
        including carbon dioxide.
            (2) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Commerce, acting through the Administrator of the National 
        Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
            (3) Subcommittee.--The term ``Subcommittee'' means the 
        Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology of the 
        National Science and Technology Council.

SEC. 4. INTERAGENCY SUBCOMMITTEE.

    (a) Designation.--
            (1) In general.--The Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science 
        and Technology of the National Science and Technology Council 
        shall coordinate Federal activities on ocean acidification and 
        establish an interagency working group.
            (2) Membership.--The interagency working group on ocean 
        acidification shall be comprised of senior representatives from 
        the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the 
        National Science Foundation, the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration, the United States Geological Survey, the United 
        States Fish and Wildlife Service, and such other Federal 
        agencies as appropriate.
            (3) Chairman.--The interagency working group shall be 
        chaired by the representative from the National Oceanic and 
        Atmospheric Administration.
    (b) Duties.--The Subcommittee shall--
            (1) develop the strategic research and monitoring plan to 
        guide Federal research on ocean acidification required under 
        section 5 of this Act and oversee the implementation of the 
        plan;
            (2) oversee the development of--
                    (A) an assessment of the potential impacts of ocean 
                acidification on marine organisms and marine 
                ecosystems; and
                    (B) adaptation and mitigation strategies to 
                conserve marine organisms and ecosystems exposed to 
                ocean acidification;
            (3) facilitate communication and outreach opportunities 
        with nongovernmental organizations and members of the 
        stakeholder community with interests in marine resources;
            (4) coordinate the United States Federal research and 
        monitoring program with research and monitoring programs and 
        scientists from other nations; and
            (5) establish or designate an Ocean Acidification 
        Information Exchange to make information on ocean acidification 
        developed through or utilized by the interagency ocean 
        acidification program accessible through electronic means, 
        including information which would be useful to policymakers, 
        researchers, and other stakeholders in mitigating or adapting 
        to the impacts of ocean acidification.
    (c) Reports to Congress.--
            (1) Initial report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
        of enactment of this Act, the Subcommittee shall transmit a 
        report to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
        Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science and 
        Technology and the Committee on Natural Resources of the House 
        of Representatives that--
                    (A) includes a summary of federally funded ocean 
                acidification research and monitoring activities, 
                including the budget for each of these activities; and
                    (B) describes the progress in developing the plan 
                required under section 5 of this Act.
            (2) Biennial report.--Not later than 2 years after the 
        delivery of the initial report under paragraph (1) and every 2 
        years thereafter, the Subcommittee shall transmit a report to 
        the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
        Senate and the Committee on Science and Technology and the 
        Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives 
        that includes--
                    (A) a summary of federally funded ocean 
                acidification research and monitoring activities, 
                including the budget for each of these activities; and
                    (B) an analysis of the progress made toward 
                achieving the goals and priorities for the interagency 
                research plan developed by the Subcommittee under 
                section 5.
            (3) Strategic research plan.--Not later than 2 years after 
        the date of enactment of this Act, the Subcommittee shall 
        transmit the strategic research plan developed under section 5 
        to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of 
        the Senate and the Committee on Science and Technology and the 
        Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives. 
        A revised plan shall be submitted at least once every 5 years 
        thereafter.

SEC. 5. STRATEGIC RESEARCH PLAN.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Subcommittee shall develop a strategic plan for 
Federal research and monitoring on ocean acidification that will 
provide for an assessment of the impacts of ocean acidification on 
marine organisms and marine ecosystems and the development of 
adaptation and mitigation strategies to conserve marine organisms and 
marine ecosystems. In developing the plan, the Subcommittee shall 
consider and use information, reports, and studies of ocean 
acidification that have identified research and monitoring needed to 
better understand ocean acidification and its potential impacts, and 
recommendations made by the National Academy of Sciences in the review 
of the plan required under subsection (d).
    (b) Contents of the Plan.--The plan shall--
            (1) provide for interdisciplinary research among the ocean 
        sciences, and coordinated research and activities to improve 
        the understanding of ocean chemistry that will affect marine 
        ecosystems;
            (2) establish, for the 10-year period beginning in the year 
        the plan is submitted, the goals and priorities for Federal 
        research and monitoring which will--
                    (A) advance understanding of ocean acidification 
                and its physical, chemical, and biological impacts on 
                marine organisms and marine ecosystems;
                    (B) improve the ability to assess the socioeconomic 
                impacts of ocean acidification; and
                    (C) provide information for the development of 
                adaptation and mitigation strategies to conserve marine 
                organisms and marine ecosystems;
            (3) describe specific activities, including--
                    (A) efforts to determine user needs;
                    (B) research activities;
                    (C) monitoring activities;
                    (D) technology and methods development;
                    (E) data collection;
                    (F) database development;
                    (G) modeling activities;
                    (H) assessment of ocean acidification impacts; and
                    (I) participation in international research 
                efforts;
            (4) identify relevant programs and activities of the 
        Federal agencies that contribute to the interagency program 
        directly and indirectly and set forth the role of each Federal 
        agency in implementing the plan;
            (5) consider and utilize, as appropriate, reports and 
        studies conducted by Federal agencies, the National Research 
        Council, or other entities;
            (6) make recommendations for the coordination of the ocean 
        acidification research and monitoring activities of the United 
        States with such activities of other nations and international 
        organizations;
            (7) outline budget requirements for Federal ocean 
        acidification research and monitoring and assessment activities 
        to be conducted by each agency under the plan;
            (8) identify the monitoring systems and sampling programs 
        currently employed in collecting data relevant to ocean 
        acidification and prioritize additional monitoring systems that 
        may be needed to ensure adequate data collection and monitoring 
        of ocean acidification and its impacts; and
            (9) describe specific activities designed to facilitate 
        outreach and data and information exchange with stakeholder 
        communities.
    (c) Program Elements.--The plan shall include at a minimum the 
following program elements:
            (1) Monitoring of ocean chemistry and biological impacts 
        associated with ocean acidification at selected coastal and 
        open-ocean monitoring stations, including satellite-based 
        monitoring to characterize--
                    (A) marine ecosystems;
                    (B) changes in marine productivity; and
                    (C) changes in surface ocean chemistry.
            (2) Research to understand the species specific 
        physiological responses of marine organisms to ocean 
        acidification, impacts on marine food webs of ocean 
        acidification, and to develop environmental and ecological 
        indices that track marine ecosystem responses to ocean 
        acidification.
            (3) Modeling to predict changes in the ocean carbon cycle 
        as a function of carbon dioxide and atmosphere-induced changes 
        in temperature, ocean circulation, biogeochemistry, ecosystem 
        and terrestrial input, and modeling to determine impacts on 
        marine ecosystems and individual marine organisms.
            (4) Technology development and standardization of carbonate 
        chemistry measurements on moorings and autonomous floats.
            (5) Assessment of socioeconomic impacts of ocean 
        acidification and development of adaptation and mitigation 
        strategies to conserve marine organisms and marine ecosystems.
    (d) National Academy of Sciences Evaluation.--The Secretary shall 
enter into an agreement with the National Academy of Sciences to review 
the plan.
    (e) Public Participation.--In developing the plan, the Subcommittee 
shall consult with representatives of academic, State, industry and 
environmental groups. Not later than 90 days before the plan, or any 
revision thereof, is submitted to the Congress, the plan shall be 
published in the Federal Register for a public comment period of not 
less than 60 days.

SEC. 6. NOAA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish and maintain an 
ocean acidification program within the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration to conduct research, monitoring, and other activities 
consistent with the strategic research and implementation plan 
developed by the Subcommittee under section 5 that--
            (1) includes--
                    (A) interdisciplinary research among the ocean and 
                atmospheric sciences, and coordinated research and 
                activities to improve understanding of ocean 
                acidification;
                    (B) the establishment of a long-term monitoring 
                program of ocean acidification utilizing existing 
                global and national ocean observing assets, and adding 
                instrumentation and sampling stations as appropriate to 
                the aims of the research program;
                    (C) research to identify and develop adaptation 
                strategies and techniques for effectively conserving 
                marine ecosystems as they cope with increased ocean 
                acidification;
                    (D) as an integral part of the research programs 
                described in this Act, educational opportunities that 
                encourage an interdisciplinary and international 
                approach to exploring the impacts of ocean 
                acidification;
                    (E) as an integral part of the research programs 
                described in this Act, national public outreach 
                activities to improve the understanding of current 
                scientific knowledge of ocean acidification and its 
                impacts on marine resources; and
                    (F) coordination of ocean acidification monitoring 
                and impacts research with other appropriate 
                international ocean science bodies such as the 
                International Oceanographic Commission, the 
                International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, 
                the North Pacific Marine Science Organization, and 
                others;
            (2) provides grants for critical research projects that 
        explore the effects of ocean acidification on ecosystems and 
        the socioeconomic impacts of increased ocean acidification that 
        are relevant to the goals and priorities of the strategic 
        research plan; and
            (3) incorporates a competitive merit-based process for 
        awarding grants that may be conducted jointly with other 
        participating agencies or under the National Oceanographic 
        Partnership Program under section 7901 of title 10, United 
        States Code.
    (b) Additional Authority.--In conducting the Program, the Secretary 
may enter into and perform such contracts, leases, grants, or 
cooperative agreements as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of 
this Act on such terms as the Secretary considers appropriate.

SEC. 7. NSF OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

    (a) Research Activities.--The Director of the National Science 
Foundation shall continue to carry out research activities on ocean 
acidification which shall support competitive, merit-based, peer-
reviewed proposals for research and monitoring of ocean acidification 
and its impacts, including--
            (1) impacts on marine organisms and marine ecosystems;
            (2) impacts on ocean, coastal, and estuarine 
        biogeochemistry; and
            (3) the development of methodologies and technologies to 
        evaluate ocean acidification and its impacts.
    (b) Consistency.--The research activities shall be consistent with 
the strategic research plan developed by the Subcommittee under section 
5.
    (c) Coordination.--The Director shall encourage coordination of the 
Foundation's ocean acidification activities with such activities of 
other nations and international organizations.

SEC. 8. NASA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

    (a) Ocean Acidification Activities.--The Administrator of the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, in coordination with 
other relevant agencies, shall ensure that space-based monitoring 
assets are used in as productive a manner as possible for monitoring of 
ocean acidification and its impacts.
    (b) Program Consistency.--The Administrator shall ensure that the 
Agency's research and monitoring activities on ocean acidification are 
carried out in a manner consistent with the strategic research plan 
developed by the Subcommittee under section 5.
    (c) Coordination.--The Administrator shall encourage coordination 
of the Agency's ocean acidification activities with such activities of 
other nations and international organizations.

SEC. 9. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) NOAA.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the National 
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to carry out the purposes of 
this Act--
            (1) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
            (2) $12,000,000 for fiscal year 2010;
            (3) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; and
            (4) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2012.
    (b) NSF.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the National 
Science Foundation to carry out the purposes of this Act--
            (1) $6,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
            (2) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2010;
            (3) $12,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; and
            (4) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2012.
answer:
Federal Ocean Acidification Research And Monitoring Act of 2009 or FOARAM Act - Defines "ocean acidification," for this Act, as the decrease in pH of the Earth's oceans and changes in ocean chemistry caused by chemical inputs from the atmosphere, including carbon dioxide.

Requires that the Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology of the National Science and Technology Council coordinate federal activities on ocean acidification and establish an interagency working group.

Requires the Subcommittee to develop a strategic plan for federal ocean acidification research and monitoring that provides, among other things, for the development of adaptation and mitigation strategies. Directs the Secretary of Commerce, through the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), to enter into an agreement with the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to review the plan.

Directs the Secretary to establish and maintain an ocean acidification program in NOAA to conduct research, monitoring, and other activities, including: (1) providing grants for critical research projects exploring the ecosystem and socioeconomic impacts of ocean acidification; and (2) incorporating a competitive merit-based process for awarding grants that may be conducted jointly with other participating agencies or under the National Oceanographic Partnership Program.

Requires the National Science Foundation (NSF) director to continue to carry out ocean acidification research supporting competitive, merit-based, peer-reviewed proposals for research and monitoring of ocean acidification and its impacts.

Requires the administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to ensure that space-based monitoring assets are used in as productive a manner as possible for the monitoring of ocean acidification and its impacts.


question:
-S-E-C-T-I-O-N -1-. -A-C-Q-U-I-S-I-T-I-O-N -O-F -R-O-O-S-E-V-E-L-T 
              -F-A-M-I-L-Y -L-A-N-D-S-.

    -(-a-) -I-n -G-e-n-e-r-a-l-.---
            -(-1-) -G-e-n-e-r-a-l -a-u-t-h-o-r-i-t-y-.----T-h-e 
        -S-e-c-r-e-t-a-r-y -o-f -t-h-e -I-n-t-e-r-i-o-r 
        -(-h-e-r-e-i-n-a-f-t-e-r -r-e-f-e-r-r-e-d -t-o -a-s -t-h-e 
        -`-`-S-e-c-r-e-t-a-r-y-'-'-) -m-a-y -a-c-q-u-i-r-e-, -b-y 
        -p-u-r-c-h-a-s-e -w-i-t-h -d-o-n-a-t-e-d -o-r 
        -a-p-p-r-o-p-r-i-a-t-e-d -f-u-n-d-s-, -d-o-n-a-t-i-o-n-, -o-r 
        -o-t-h-e-r-w-i-s-e-, -l-a-n-d-s -a-n-d -i-n-t-e-r-e-s-t-s -i-n 
        -l-a-n-d -(-i-n-c-l-u-d-i-n-g -d-e-v-e-l-o-p-m-e-n-t 
        -r-i-g-h-t-s -a-n-d -e-a-s-e-m-e-n-t-s-) -i-n -t-h-e 
        -p-r-o-p-e-r-t-i-e-s -l-o-c-a-t-e-d -a-t -H-y-d-e -P-a-r-k-, 
        -N-e-w -Y-o-r-k-, -t-h-a-t -w-e-r-e -o-w-n-e-d -b-y 
        -F-r-a-n-k-l-i-n -D-. -R-o-o-s-e-v-e-l-t -o-r -h-i-s 
        -f-a-m-i-l-y -a-t -t-h-e -t-i-m-e -o-f -h-i-s -d-e-a-t-h-, -a-s 
        -d-e-p-i-c-t-e-d -o-n -t-h-e -m-a-p -e-n-t-i-t-l-e-d 
        -`-`-R-o-o-s-e-v-e-l-t -F-a-m-i-l-y -E-s-t-a-t-e-'-' -a-n-d 
        -d-a-t-e-d -N-o-v-e-m-b-e-r -1-9-, -1-9-9-3-.
            -(-2-) -L-i-m-i-t-a-t-i-o-n-s-.---
                    -(-A-) -R-e-s-i-d-e-n-t-i-a-l -p-r-o-p-e-r-t-y-.---
                -T-h-e -S-e-c-r-e-t-a-r-y -m-a-y -o-n-l-y 
                -a-c-q-u-i-r-e -t-h-o-s-e -r-e-s-i-d-e-n-t-i-a-l 
                -p-r-o-p-e-r-t-i-e-s -o-n -t-h-e -l-a-n-d-s -a-n-d 
                -i-n-t-e-r-e-s-t-s -i-n -l-a-n-d -d-e-p-i-c-t-e-d -o-n 
                -t-h-e -m-a-p -r-e-f-e-r-r-e-d -t-o -i-n 
                -s-u-b-s-e-c-t-i-o-n -(-a-) -t-h-a-t -w-e-r-e 
                -o-w-n-e-d -o-r -o-c-c-u-p-i-e-d -b-y -F-r-a-n-k-l-i-n 
                -D-. -R-o-o-s-e-v-e-l-t -o-r -h-i-s -f-a-m-i-l-y-, 
                -i-n-c-l-u-d-i-n-g -h-i-s -p-a-r-e-n-t-s-, 
                -s-i-b-l-i-n-g-s-, -w-i-f-e-, -a-n-d -c-h-i-l-d-r-e-n-.
                    -(-B-) -S-t-a-t-e -l-a-n-d-s-.----L-a-n-d-s -a-n-d 
                -i-n-t-e-r-e-s-t-s -i-n -l-a-n-d -d-e-p-i-c-t-e-d -o-n 
                -t-h-e -m-a-p -r-e-f-e-r-r-e-d -t-o -i-n 
                -s-u-b-s-e-c-t-i-o-n -(-a-) -t-h-a-t -a-r-e -o-w-n-e-d 
                -b-y -t-h-e -S-t-a-t-e -o-f -N-e-w -Y-o-r-k-, -o-r -a 
                -p-o-l-i-t-i-c-a-l -s-u-b-d-i-v-i-s-i-o-n -o-f -t-h-e 
                -S-t-a-t-e-, -m-a-y -o-n-l-y -b-e -a-c-q-u-i-r-e-d -b-y 
                -d-o-n-a-t-i-o-n-.
            -(-3-) -P-r-i-o-r-i-t-y-.----I-n -a-c-q-u-i-r-i-n-g 
        -l-a-n-d-s -a-n-d -i-n-t-e-r-e-s-t-s -i-n -l-a-n-d 
        -p-u-r-s-u-a-n-t -t-o -t-h-i-s -s-e-c-t-i-o-n-, -t-h-e 
        -S-e-c-r-e-t-a-r-y -s-h-a-l-l-, -t-o -t-h-e -e-x-t-e-n-t 
        -p-o-s-s-i-b-l-e-, -g-i-v-e -p-r-i-o-r-i-t-y -t-o 
        -a-c-q-u-i-r-i-n-g -t-h-e -t-r-a-c-t -o-f -l-a-n-d-s 
        -c-o-m-m-o-n-l-y -k-n-o-w-n -a-s -t-h-e -`-`-O-p-e-n -P-a-r-k 
        -H-o-d-h-o-m-e -T-r-a-c-t-'-'-, -a-s -g-e-n-e-r-a-l-l-y 
        -d-e-p-i-c-t-e-d -o-n -t-h-e -m-a-p -r-e-f-e-r-r-e-d -t-o -i-n 
        -s-u-b-s-e-c-t-i-o-n -(-a-)-.
            -(-4-) -C-o-s-t-s-.----T-h-e -S-e-c-r-e-t-a-r-y -m-a-y 
        -p-a-y -t-h-e -c-o-s-t-s-, -i-n-c-l-u-d-i-n-g -t-i-t-l-e 
        -s-e-a-r-c-h -a-n-d -s-u-r-v-e-y-, -a-s-s-o-c-i-a-t-e-d 
        -w-i-t-h -t-h-e -a-c-q-u-i-s-i-t-i-o-n -o-f -l-a-n-d-s -a-n-d 
        -i-n-t-e-r-e-s-t-s -i-n -l-a-n-d -p-u-r-s-u-a-n-t -t-o -t-h-i-s 
        -s-e-c-t-i-o-n-.
    -(-b-) -A-d-m-i-n-i-s-t-r-a-t-i-o-n-.----L-a-n-d-s -a-n-d 
-i-n-t-e-r-e-s-t-s -i-n -l-a-n-d -a-c-q-u-i-r-e-d -b-y -t-h-e 
-S-e-c-r-e-t-a-r-y -p-u-r-s-u-a-n-t -t-o -t-h-i-s -s-e-c-t-i-o-n 
-s-h-a-l-l -b-e -a-d-d-e-d -t-o-, -a-n-d -a-d-m-i-n-i-s-t-e-r-e-d -a-s 
-p-a-r-t -o-f-, -t-h-e -F-r-a-n-k-l-i-n -D-e-l-a-n-o -R-o-o-s-e-v-e-l-t 
-N-a-t-i-o-n-a-l -H-i-s-t-o-r-i-c -S-i-t-e -o-r -t-h-e -E-l-e-a-n-o-r 
-R-o-o-s-e-v-e-l-t -N-a-t-i-o-n-a-l -H-i-s-t-o-r-i-c -S-i-t-e-, -a-s 
-a-p-p-r-o-p-r-i-a-t-e-.
    -(-c-) -A-u-t-h-o-r-i-z-a-t-i-o-n -o-f 
-A-p-p-r-o-p-r-i-a-t-i-o-n-s-.----T-h-e-r-e -a-r-e -a-u-t-h-o-r-i-z-e-d 
-t-o -b-e -a-p-p-r-o-p-r-i-a-t-e-d -s-u-c-h -s-u-m-s -a-s -a-r-e 
-n-e-c-e-s-s-a-r-y -t-o -c-a-r-r-y -o-u-t -t-h-i-s -A-c-t-.

SECTION 1. ACQUISITION OF LANDS.

    (a) In General.--(1) The Secretary of the Interior (hereinafter 
referred to as the ``Secretary'') is authorized to acquire, by purchase 
with donated or appropriated funds, donation, or otherwise, lands and 
interests therein in the following properties located at Hyde Park, New 
York identified as lands critical for protection as depicted on the map 
entitled ``Roosevelt Family Estate'' and dated September 1994:
            (A) The ``Open Park Hodhome Tract'', consisting of 
        approximately 30 acres, which shall be the highest priority for 
        acquisition.
            (B) The ``Top Cottage Tract'', consisting of approximately 
        30 acres.
            (C) The ``Poughkeepsie Shopping Center, Inc. Tract'', 
        consisting of approximately 55 acres.
    (b) Administration.--Lands and interests therein acquired by the 
Secretary pursuant to this Act shall be added to, and administered by 
the Secretary as part of the Franklin Delano Roosevelt National 
Historic Site or the Eleanor Roosevelt National Historic Site, as 
appropriate.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are hereby authorized 
to be appropriated not to exceed $3,000,000 to carry out this Act.
answer:
Authorizes the Secretary of the Interior to acquire lands and interests in specified properties located at Hyde Park, New York, identified as lands critical for protection on the Roosevelt Family Estate to be added to and administered by the Secretary as part of the Franklin Delano Roosevelt National Historic Site or the Eleanor Roosevelt National Historic Site. Authorizes appropriations.


question:
SECTION 1. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Hours after the attacks on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, 
        Imperial Japanese forces launched an attack on the Philippines, 
        cutting off vital lines of communication to members of the 
        Armed Forces of the United States (referred to in this Act as 
        the ``Armed Forces'') and Filipino troops in the Far East under 
        the command of General Douglas MacArthur.
            (2) On December 8, 1941, the 200th Coast Artillery 
        Regiment, successors to the New Mexico National Guardsmen who 
        made up part of the famed ``Rough Riders'' of the Spanish-
        American War, were the ``first to fire''.
            (3) Despite being cut off from supply lines and 
        reinforcements, members of the Armed Forces and Philippine 
        troops quickly executed a plan to delay the Japanese invasion 
        and defend the Philippines against that invasion.
            (4) By April 1942, troops from the United States and the 
        Philippines had bravely and staunchly fought off enemy attacks 
        in Bataan for more than 4 months under strenuous conditions 
        that resulted in widespread starvation and disease.
            (5) By maintaining their position and engaging the enemy 
        for as long as they did, the troops at Bataan were able to 
        change the momentum of the war, delaying the Japanese timetable 
        to take control of the Southeast Pacific for needed war 
        materials. Because of the heroic actions of the defenders of 
        Bataan, members of the Armed Forces and other Allied forces 
        throughout the Pacific had time to regroup and prepare for the 
        successful liberation of the Pacific and the Philippines.
            (6) On April 9, 1942, Major General Edward King, whose 
        troops suffered from starvation and a lack of supplies, 
        surrendered the soldiers from the United States and the 
        Philippines into enemy hands.
            (7) Over the next week, troops from the Armed Forces and 
        the Philippines were taken prisoner and forced to march 65 
        miles without any food, water, or medical care in what came to 
        be known as the ``Bataan Death March''.
            (8) During this forced march, thousands of soldiers died, 
        either from starvation, lack of medical care, sheer exhaustion, 
        or abuse by their captors.
            (9) Conditions at the prisoner of war camps were appalling, 
        leading to increased disease and malnutrition among the 
        prisoners.
            (10) The prisoners at Camp O'Donnell died at a rate of 
        nearly 400 per day because of the poor conditions of the camp.
            (11) On June 6, 1942, the prisoners at Camp O'Donnell were 
        transferred to Camp Cabanatuan, north of Camp O'Donnell.
            (12) Nearly 26,000 of the 50,000 Filipino prisoners of war 
        died at Camp O'Donnell and survivors were gradually paroled 
        from September through December 1942.
            (13) Between September of 1942 and December of 1944, 
        prisoners of war from the Armed Forces who had survived the 
        horrific death march were shipped north for forced labor aboard 
        ``hell ships'' and succumbed in great numbers because of the 
        abysmal conditions. Many of those ships were mistakenly 
        targeted by Allied naval forces because the Japanese military 
        convoys were not properly labeled as carrying prisoners of war. 
        The sinking of the Arisan Maru alone claimed nearly 1,800 lives 
        of members of the Armed Forces.
            (14) The prisoners who remained in the camps suffered from 
        continued mistreatment, malnutrition, lack of medical care, and 
        horrific conditions until they were liberated in 1945.
            (15) The veterans of Bataan represented the best of the 
        United States and the Philippines, hailed from various locales 
        across both countries, and represented true diversity.
            (16) Over the subsequent decades, the veterans of Bataan 
        formed support groups, were honored in local and State 
        memorials, and told their stories to all people of the United 
        States.
            (17) The United States Navy has continued to honor the 
        history and stories of the veterans of Bataan by naming 2 ships 
        after the battle, including 1 ship that is still in service, 
        the USS Bataan (LHD-5), in memory of their valor and honorable 
        resistance against Imperial Japanese forces.
            (18) Many of the survivors of Bataan have died and those 
        who remain continue to tell their stories.
            (19) The people of the United States and the Philippines 
        are forever indebted to these men for--
                    (A) the courage and tenacity they demonstrated 
                during the first 4 months of World War II fighting 
                against enemy soldiers; and
                    (B) the perseverance they demonstrated during 3 
                years of capture, imprisonment, and atrocious 
                conditions, while maintaining dignity, honor, 
                patriotism, and loyalty.

SEC. 2. CONGRESSIONAL GOLD MEDAL.

    (a) Award Authorized.--The Speaker of the House of Representatives 
and the President pro tempore of the Senate shall make appropriate 
arrangements for the collective award, on behalf of Congress, of a gold 
medal of appropriate design to the troops from the United States and 
the Philippines who defended Bataan and were subsequently prisoners of 
war, in recognition of their personal sacrifice and service during 
World War II.
    (b) Design and Striking.--For purposes of the award under 
subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury (referred to in this Act 
as the ``Secretary'') shall strike the gold medal with suitable 
emblems, devices, and inscriptions, to be determined by the Secretary.
    (c) Smithsonian Institution.--
            (1) In general.--Following the award of the gold medal 
        under subsection (a) in honor of the prisoners of war at Bataan 
        and the the troops from the United States and the Philippines 
        who defended Bataan, the gold medal shall be given to the 
        Smithsonian Institution, where it shall be displayed as 
        appropriate and made available for research.
            (2) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
        the Smithsonian Institution should make the gold medal received 
        under paragraph (1) available for display at other locations, 
        particularly at locations that are associated with the 
        prisoners of war at Bataan and the troops from the United 
        States and the Philippines who defended Bataan.

SEC. 3. DUPLICATE MEDALS.

    (a) Striking of Duplicates.--Under such regulations as the 
Secretary may prescribe, the Secretary may strike duplicates in bronze 
of the gold medal struck under section 2.
    (b) Selling of Duplicates.--The Secretary may sell such duplicates 
under subsection (a) at a price sufficient to cover the costs of such 
duplicates, including labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, and 
overhead expenses.
    (c) Proceeds of Sale.--Amounts received from the sale of duplicate 
bronze medals under subsection (b) shall be deposited in the United 
States Mint Public Enterprise Fund.

SEC. 4. STATUS OF MEDALS.

    (a) National Medals.--Medals struck under this Act are national 
medals for purposes of chapter 51 of title 31, United States Code.
    (b) Numismatic Items.--For purposes of section 5134 of title 31, 
United States Code, all medals struck under this Act shall be 
considered to be numismatic items.

SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There is authorized to be charged against the United States Mint 
Public Enterprise Fund, an amount not to exceed $30,000 to pay for the 
cost of the medal authorized under section 2.
answer:

This bill directs the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Senate to arrange for the collective award of a Congressional Gold Medal to the troops from the United States and the Philippines who defended Bataan, Philippines, and were subsequently prisoners of war in recognition of their personal sacrifice and service during World War II.  The medal shall be displayed at the Smithsonian Institution, which is urged to make the medal available for display at other locations associated with such troops.