In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

adoption of leland, 65 mass. app. ct. 580, 584 (2006), quoting from care & protection of bruce, 44 mass. app. ct. 758, 761 (1998).
non-overruling

our review of this appeal reveals a jurisdictional defect.
non-overruling

to the extent that marshall-silver can be read to hold otherwise, it is overruled.

overruling