In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
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Question: Context: The euro (sign: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of the eurozone, which consists of 19 of the member states of the European Union: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain. The currency is also officially used by the institutions of the European Union and four other European countries, as well as unilaterally by two others, and is consequently used daily by some 337 million Europeans . Outside of Europe, a number of overseas territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency., Latvia, officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe, one of the three Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, as well as a maritime border to the west alongside Sweden. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate., Northern Europe is the northern part or region of Europe. Although no definitive borders or definition exists for the term, geographically, Northern Europe may be considered to consist approximately of all of Europe above the 52nd parallel north; which includes (from west to east) most or all of: Iceland, the Republic of Ireland, the Isle of Man, the United Kingdom, the Faroe Islands, the Netherlands, northern Germany, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, northern Poland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and northwest Russia. However, narrower definitions may also be used based on other geographical factors, such as climate and ecology. Greenland, geographically a part of North America, is politically a part of the Kingdom of Denmark, and may be included depending on the definition., Gulbene Municipality is a municipality in Vidzeme, Latvia. The municipality was formed in 2009 by merging Beava parish, Dauksti parish, Druviena parish, Galgauska parish, Jaungulbene parish, Lejasciems parish, Litene parish, Lizums parish, Lgo parish, Ranka parish, Stmeriena parish, Stradi parish, Tirza parish and Gulbene town the administrative centre being Gulbene., A municipality is usually a single urban administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and state laws, to which it is subordinate. It is to be distinguished from the county, which may encompass rural territory and/or numerous small communities such as towns, villages and hamlets. The term "municipality" may also mean the governing or ruling body of a given municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district. The term is derived from French "municipalité" and Latin "municipalis"., Jaungulbene parish is an administrative unit of the Gulbene Municipality, Latvia. The administrative center is Gulbtis., Druviena parish is an administrative unit of the Gulbene District, Latvia., Beava parish is an administrative unit of the Gulbene Municipality, Latvia. The administrative center is Beava., The Pededze is a river in Latvia and Estonia. It has a length of of which in Latvia 131 km and in Estonia 26 km. It flows generally south. It is a right tributary of the Aiviekste, the source of Pededze is Lake Kirikumäe in the Haanja Uplands in Vastseliina Parish, Võru County, Estonia. The basin area of Pededze is 1,690 km² (1,523.3 km² in Latvia; 119 km² in Estonia) and average discharge 12.2 m³/s. Pededze together with Aiviekste forms natural and historical border between Vidzeme and Latgale., Tirza parish is an administrative unit of the Gulbene Municipality, Latvia., Lejasciems parish is an administrative unit of the Gulbene District, Latvia. The central village in the parish is Lejasciems., The terms Baltic region, Baltic Rim countries, and Baltic Rim refer to slightly different combinations of countries in the general area surrounding the Baltic Sea., Ranka parish is an administrative unit of the Gulbene District, Latvia. It is located in a hilly region with landuse consisting mainly of agriculture and forests., Galgauska parish is an administrative unit of the Gulbene District, Latvia., Sweden, officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund. At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of 10.0 million. Sweden consequently has a low population density of , with the highest concentration in the southern half of the country. Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas., Lithuania (UK and US: ), officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in Northern Europe. One of the three Baltic states, it is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, to the east of Sweden and Denmark. It is bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) to the southwest. Lithuania has an estimated population of 2.9 million people , and its capital and largest city is Vilnius. Lithuanians are a Baltic people. The official language, Lithuanian, along with Latvian, is one of only two living languages in the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family., Vidzeme is one of the historical and cultural regions of Latvia. Literally meaning "the Middle Land" it is situated in north-central Latvia north of the Daugava River. Sometimes in German it is also known as "Livland"- German form from Latin "Livonia", though it comprises only a small part of Medieval Livonia and about half (Latvian part) of Swedish Livonia., Litene Manor is a manor house in Litene parish, in the historical region of Vidzeme, in northern Latvia. It was built during the first half of the 19th century in Classical style for Baron Otto von Wolff on the banks of the Pededze. Manor was burned down during revolution of 1905 but was later restored in simplified forms.
After Latvian agrarian reforms in 1921 manor house was nationalised and lands partitioned. Since 1924 building houses the Litene primary school., Lizums parish is an administrative unit of the Gulbene Municipality, Latvia. It was formerly an administrative unit of the Gulbene District. The administrative center is Lizums., The Baltic states, also known as the Baltic countries, Baltic republics, Baltic nations, or simply, the Baltics, are the three countries in northern Europe on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The Baltic states cooperate on a regional level in several intergovernmental organizations., Litene ( German : Lettin ) is the center of Litene parish , in Gulbene Municipality , in north - eastern Latvia . Other names : Lytene , Myza Lytene . A notable building is Litene Manor ., Litene parish is situated in Gulbene Municipality, Latvia. It was formerly an administrative unit of the Gulbene District. The administrative center is Litene., Stmeriena parish is an administrative unit of the Gulbene Municipality, Latvia. The administrative center is Vecstmeriena., Gulbene District was an administrative division of Latvia, located in the Vidzeme region, in the country's north-east. It was organized into a city and thirteen parishes, each with a local government authority. The main city in the district was Gulbene. , Lgo parish is an administrative unit of the Gulbene District, Latvia., Russia (from the  Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara., Dauksti parish is an administrative unit of the Gulbene District, Latvia., Belarus ( lat. ', ), officially the Republic of Belarus, formerly known by its Russian name Byelorussia (though this name is no longer used in Belarus itself, even in Russian language), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital and most populous city is Minsk. Over 40% of its is forested. Its strongest economic sectors are service industries and manufacturing. Until the 20th century, different states at various times controlled the lands of modern-day Belarus, including the Principality of Polotsk (11th to 14th centuries), the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, and the Russian Empire., Stradi parish is an administrative unit of the Gulbene District, Latvia., Subject: litene, Relation: instance_of, Options: (A) administrative centre (B) area (C) baltic states (D) border (E) bridge (F) building (G) capital (H) city (I) climate (J) country (K) county (L) currency (M) day (N) definition (O) district (P) division (Q) family (R) federation (S) four (T) geographical (U) government (V) grand duchy (W) historical region (X) house (Y) italy (Z) jurisdiction ([) language (\) local government (]) may (^) member (_) municipality (`) name (a) number (b) official (c) parish (d) part (e) people (f) portugal (g) region (h) republic (i) revolution (j) river (k) saint (l) sea (m) service (n) sign (o) single (p) status (q) surface (r) three (s) town (t) tributary (u) tunnel (v) two (w) village

Answer: village


Question: Context: A duma () is a Russian assembly with advisory or legislative functions. The term comes from the Russian verb  ("dumat") meaning "to think" or "to consider". The first formally constituted duma was the State Duma introduced into the Russian Empire by Tsar Nicholas II in 1906. It was dissolved in 1917 during the Russian Revolution. Since 1993, the State Duma is the lower legislative house of the Russian Federation., Russia is not proportionately populated between the smaller western portion (almost 25%) of the country that is considered part of Europe, and the larger eastern portion (more than 75%) that is part of Asia. European Russia contains about 77% of the country's population (110,000,000 people out of about 144,000,000) in an area comprising almost 4 million km (1.54 million mi); an average of 27.5 persons per km (70 per mi). This territory makes up 38% of Europe. Its eastern border is defined by the Ural Mountains and in the south, it is defined by the border with Kazakhstan. This area includes Moscow and Saint Petersburg, the two largest cities in Russia., An upper house, sometimes called a Senate, is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature (or one of three chambers of a tricameral legislature), the other chamber being the lower house. The house formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller, and often has more restricted power, than the lower house. Examples of upper houses in countries include the UK's House of Lords, Canada's Senate, India's Rajya Sabha, Russia's Federation Council, Ireland's Seanad, Germany's Bundesrat and the United States Senate., A country is a region that is identified as a distinct national entity in political geography. A country may be an independent sovereign state or one that is occupied by another state, as a non-sovereign or formerly sovereign political division, or a geographic region associated with sets of previously independent or differently associated people with distinct political characteristics. Regardless of the physical geography, in the modern internationally accepted legal definition as defined by the League of Nations in 1937 and reaffirmed by the United Nations in 1945, a resident of a country is subject to the independent exercise of legal jurisdiction., Russia (from the  Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara., A legislature is a deliberative assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. Legislatures form important parts of most governments; in the separation of powers model, they are often contrasted with the executive and judicial branches of government., Saint Petersburg is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with five million inhabitants in 2012, and an important Russian port on the Baltic Sea. It is politically incorporated as a federal subject (a federal city). Situated on the Neva River, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea, it was founded by Tsar Peter the Great on May . In 1914, the name was changed from Saint Petersburg to Petrograd, in 1924 to Leningrad, and in 1991 back to Saint Petersburg. Between 17131728 and 17321918, Saint Petersburg was the imperial capital of Russia. In 1918, the central government bodies moved to Moscow., Moscow (or ) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 12.2 million residents within the city limits and 16.8 million within the urban area. Moscow has the status of a Russian federal city., Yekaterinburg, alternatively romanised as "Ekaterinburg", is the fourth-largest city in Russia and the administrative centre of Sverdlovsk Oblast, located in the middle of the Eurasian continent, on the border of Europe and Asia. At the 2010 Census, it had a population of 1,349,772., Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin (1 February 1931  23 April 2007) was a Soviet and Russian politician and the first President of the Russian Federation, serving from 1991 to 1999. Originally a supporter of Mikhail Gorbachev, Yeltsin emerged under the perestroika reforms as one of Gorbachev's most powerful political opponents. During the late 1980s, Yeltsin had been a member of the Politburo, and in late 1987 tendered a letter of resignation in protest. No one had resigned from the Politburo before. This act branded Yeltsin as a rebel and led to his rise in popularity as an anti-establishment figure., Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. To the east and southeast, Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europea concept dating back to classical antiquityare arbitrary. The primarily physiographic term "continent" as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent's current overland boundaries., Eurasia is the combined continental landmass of Europe and Asia. The term is a portmanteau of its constituent continents. Located primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Pacific Ocean to the east, the Arctic Ocean to the north, and by Africa, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Indian Ocean to the south. The division between Europe and Asia as two different continents is a historical and cultural construct, with no clear physical separation between them; thus, in some parts of the world, Eurasia is recognized as the largest of five or six continents. In geology, Eurasia is often considered as a single rigid megablock. However, the rigidity of Eurasia is debated based on the paleomagnet data., Novosibirsk is the third-most populous city in Russia after Moscow and St. Petersburg. It is the most populous city in Asian Russia, with a population of 1,473,754 as of the 2010 Census. It is the administrative center of Novosibirsk Oblast as well as of the Siberian Federal District. The city is located in the southwestern part of Siberia on the banks of the Ob River adjacent to the Ob River Valley, near the large water reservoir formed by the dam of the Novosibirsk Hydro Power Plant, and occupies an area of ., Nikolay Ilyich Travkin ( Russian :    ) ( born 19 March 1947 ) is a Russian and former Soviet politician , former member of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union , member of State Duma and member of the Government of the Russian Federation ( 1994 - 1996 ) . In March 1990 he resigned from the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and founded of the Democratic Party of Russia ., Nizhny Novgorod, colloquially shortened to Nizhny, is a city in the administrative center of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast and Volga Federal District in Russia. From 1932 to 1990, it was known as Gorky, after the writer Maxim Gorky, who was born there. The city is an important economic, transportation, scientific, educational and cultural center in Russia and the vast Volga-Vyatka economic region, and is the main center of river tourism in Russia. In the historical part of the city there are a large number of universities, theaters, museums and churches. Nizhny Novgorod is located about 400 km east of Moscow, where the Oka empties into the Volga. Population: , A constitution is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed. These rules together make up, i.e. "constitute", what the entity is. When these principles are written down into a single document or set of legal documents, those documents may be said to embody a "written" constitution; if they are written down in a single comprehensive document, it is said to embody a "codified" constitution. Some constitutions (such as the constitution of the United Kingdom) are uncodified, but written in numerous fundamental Acts of a legislature, court cases or treaties., The Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union ("Verkhóvnyj Sovét SSSR") was the highest legislative body in the Soviet Union and the only one with the power to pass constitutional amendments. It elected the Presidium serving as the collective head of state of the Soviet Union, formed the Council of Ministers and the Supreme Court, and appointed the Procurator General of the Soviet Union., The State Duma ((Gosudarstvennaya Duma), common abbreviation:  (Gosduma)) in the Russian Federation is the lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia (legislature), the upper house being the Federation Council of Russia. The Duma headquarters are located in central Moscow, a few steps from Manege Square. Its members are referred to as deputies. The State Duma replaced the Supreme Soviet as a result of the new constitution introduced by Boris Yeltsin in the aftermath of the Russian constitutional crisis of 1993, and approved by the Russian public in a referendum., Subject: nikolay travkin, Relation: given_name, Options: (A) africa (B) an (C) april (D) are (E) asia (F) boris (G) e . (H) i . (I) india (J) maxim (K) may (L) mikhail (M) neva (N) nicholas (O) peter (P) said (Q) samara (R) set (S) urban (T) water

Answer: nicholas


Question: Context: Chick lit or Chick literature is genre fiction, which consists of heroine-centered narratives that focus on the trials and tribulations of their individual protagonists. The genre often addresses issues of modern womanhood  from romantic relationships to female friendships to matters in the workplace  in humorous and lighthearted ways. At its onset, chick lits protagonists tended to be single, white, heterosexual, British and American women in their late twenties and early thirties, living in metropolitan areas. The genre became popular in the late 1990s, with chick lit titles topping bestseller lists and the creation of imprints devoted entirely to chick lit. Chick lit critics generally agree that British author Helen Fieldings "Bridget Joness Diary" (1996) is the ur-text of chick lit., Helen Fielding (born 19 February 1958) is an English novelist and screenwriter, best known as the creator of the fictional character Bridget Jones, and a sequence of novels and films beginning with the life of a thirtysomething singleton in London trying to make sense of life and love., Genre fiction, also known as popular fiction, is plot-driven fictional works written with the intent of fitting into a specific literary genre, in order to appeal to readers and fans already familiar with that genre. Genre fiction is generally distinguished from "literary fiction". Screenwriting teacher Robert McKee defines "genre conventions" as the "specific settings, roles, events, and values that define individual genres and their subgenres". These conventions, always fluid, are usually implicit, but sometimes are made into explicit requirements by publishers of fiction as a guide to authors seeking publication. There is no consensus as to exactly what the conventions of any genre are, or even what the genres themselves are; assigning of works to genres is to some extent arbitrary and subjective., Jane Green Warburg ( born May 31 , 1968 ) , is an Internationally bestselling author , and one of the world 's leading authors in commercial women 's fiction , with millions of books in print and translations in over twenty five languages . Together with Helen Fielding she is considered a founder of the genre known as chick lit. Green was born in London , England . She worked as a journalist throughout her twenties , writing women 's features for The Daily Express , The Daily Mail , Cosmopolitan and others . At 27 , she published her first book , Straight Talking , which went straight on to the bestseller lists , and launched her career as `` the queen of chick lit '' . Over the years , she has moved away from the genre she was first known for , to write warm , wise , emotive dramas that reflect the lives of real women and all they are going through . Frequent themes in her most recent books include cooking , class wars , children , infidelity , and female friendship . She says she does not write about her life , but is inspired by the themes of her life . Her best - known novels include ' Jemima J ' , ' The Beach House ' , and ' Second Chance ' , all New York Times bestsellers . In addition to novels , she has taught at writers conferences , and writes for various publications including The Sunday Times , Parade magazine , and The Huffington Post . She has over ten million books in print , and bestsellers all over the world , including sixteen New York Times Bestsellers . A graduate of the French Culinary Institute , she has published a cookbook : Good Taste , has a weekly column for The Lady magazine in the UK , and in 2015 contributed a story for The Moth Radio Hour . A Cancer survivor , she continues to raise awareness for Malignant Melanoma , Hashimoto 's Disease , and Chronic Lyme Disease ., Subject: jane green , Relation: occupation, Options: (A) author (B) creator (C) literary (D) novelist (E) screenwriting

Answer:
novelist