In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question separated with a 
. You have to answer the question based on the context.

[EX Q]: irremediable annotation discrepancies Some shortcomings of recall come from irremediable annotation discrepancies. Largely, we are hamstrung by differences in choice of attributes to annotate. When one resource marks gender and the other marks case, we can't infer the gender of the word purely from its surface form. The resources themselves would need updating to encode the relevant morphosyntactic information. Some languages had a very low number of overlapping forms, and no tag matches or near-matches between them: Arabic, Hindi, Lithuanian, Persian, and Russian. A full list of observed, irremediable discrepancies is presented alongside the codebase. We were able to find specific instances of incorrectly applied UniMorph annotation, as well as specific instances of cross-lingual inconsistency in both resources.  
 Question: What are the main sources of recall errors in the mapping?
[EX A]: irremediable annotation discrepancies differences in choice of attributes to annotate The resources themselves would need updating to encode the relevant morphosyntactic information. Some languages had a very low number of overlapping forms, and no tag matches or near-matches between them the two annotations encode distinct information incorrectly applied UniMorph annotation cross-lingual inconsistency in both resources

[EX Q]: We use OpenNMT BIBREF24 as the implementation of the NMT system for all experiments BIBREF5 . PBMT-R is a phrase-based method with a reranking post-processing step BIBREF18 . Hybrid performs sentence splitting and deletion operations based on discourse representation structures, and then simplifies sentences with PBMT-R BIBREF25 . SBMT-SARI BIBREF19 is syntax-based translation model using PPDB paraphrase database BIBREF26 and modifies tuning function (using SARI). Dress is an encoder-decoder model coupled with a deep reinforcement learning framework, and the parameters are chosen according to the original paper BIBREF20 . 
 Question: what state of the art methods did they compare with?
[EX A]: OpenNMT PBMT-R Hybrid SBMT-SARI Dress

[EX Q]: Following titovcrosslingual, we run our experiments on the English (EN) and German (DE) sections of the CoNLL 2009 corpus BIBREF13 , and EN-DE section of the Europarl corpus BIBREF14 . 
 Question: Which parallel corpora are used?
[EX A]:
English (EN) and German (DE) sections of the CoNLL 2009 corpus BIBREF13 EN-DE section of the Europarl corpus BIBREF14