In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

Descartes' First Meditation claims that the obsession over this material is related to a "cerebellaso clouded with black bile. " This substance was at the center of a mania first described in a case study of a man from Saint Germaine who was compelled to defecate standing up, and constantly wore a small pillow on his rear end, who was only cured when his doctor gave him a "severe thrashing. " This material was the namesake of that manic obsession, whose most famous sufferer's condition was documented by the future Pope Pius II and included a fear of being touched and the wearing of protective clothing. Many sufferers of the obsession over this material thought that they were a "urinal. " For 10 points, name this material at the center of a sixteenth-century "delusion" that the French King Charles VI suffered from, in which people thought that they were susceptible to shattering because they were made of it.
Social Science

This structure does not function correctly in those with Stargardt disease, and certain cells in the capillaries of this structure can cause Scheerer's phenomenon. Muller glial cells found in this structure can dedifferentiate into multipotent progenitor cells, and Tay-Sachs disease is often diagnosed by a red spot on it. This structure receives oxygen from the choroid coat, which separates it from the (*) sclera. This structure's most sensitive region is the fovea, which is located at the center of its macula. Vitamin A is necessary for the function of this structure, which has a "blind spot" where it connects to the optical nerve. Rods and cones are found in, for ten points, which inner layer of the eye that sends optical signals to the brain
Science

It was contemporaneous with the Nien and Hui rebellions to the north and the Panthay rebellion to the south. Its first violent action was a victory by the forces of Wei Changhui and Feng Yunshan at the Battle of Jintian, and cities it captured included Quanzhou, whose inhabitants it slaughtered, and Nanking, which was renamed Tianjing by this movements Hakka leader. It was put down in Hunan province by General Tso, and defeated outside of Shanghai by a force under the command of Frederick Ward and Charles Gordon, the Ever-Victorious Army. Led by a mystic who claimed to be the brother of Jesus Christ, this is, for ten points, what 19th century rebellion against the Qing dynasty

History