In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

[EX Q]: advancing a theory that the 2010 order resolved any outstanding motion.
[EX A]: non-overruling

[EX Q]: (shoemaker v. myers (1990) 52 cal.3d 1, 7.)
[EX A]: non-overruling

[EX Q]: we then explain why we conclude that smothers clearly erred in tying the remedy clause to the common law in 1857 and should be overruled.
[EX A]:
overruling