TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
PROBLEM: Context_1 : SciTech SNAP (System Neutral Access Protocol) is an operating system portable, dynamically loadable, native-size 32-bit/64-bit device driver architecture. SciTech SNAP defines the architecture for loading an operating system neutral binary device driver for any type of hardware device, be it a graphics controller, audio controller, SCSI controller or network controller. SciTech SNAP drivers are source code portable between different microprocessor platforms, and the binary drivers are operating system portable within a particular microprocessor family. Context_2 : In the original S/360 and S/370 architectures, each processor had its own set of I/O channels and addressed I/O devices with a 12-bit "cuu" address, containing a 4-bit channel number and an 8-bit unit (device) number to be sent on the channel bus in order to select the device; the operating system had to be configured to reflect the processor and "cuu" address for each device. The operating system had logic to queue pending I/O on each channel and to handle selection of alternate channels. Initiating an I/O to a channel on a different processor required causing a shoulder tap interrupt on the other processor so that it could initiate the I/O. Context_3 : Ethel May Halls (born November 20, 1882 in California - died September 16, 1967 in Hollywood, California) was an American film and theatre actress for nearly 70 years. After being a Florodora girl she worked for Biograph Studios for several years in films with among others Mary Pickford and Rudolph Valentino. She appeared in many bit parts in Hollywood right up until the 1940s. Context_4 : Operational Flight Trainer (OFT) is a training device, often a flight simulator, intended for general flight training as opposed to specialist tactics and weapons training. An OFT often has a motion platform in order to enable realistic instrument flying (IF) and other procedural training. OFT is a term used particularly by the US Military. A related term is Operational Flight and Tactics Trainer (OFTT), a device more capable than an OFT and designed for tactics training as well. Context_5 : The Nintendo DS or simply, DS, is a 32-bit dual-screen handheld game console developed and released by Nintendo. The device went on sale in North America on November 21, 2004. The DS, short for "Developers' System" or "Dual Screen", introduced distinctive new features to handheld gaming: two LCD screens working in tandem (the bottom one featuring a touchscreen), a built-in microphone, and support for wireless connectivity. Both screens are encompassed within a clamshell design similar to the Game Boy Advance SP. The Nintendo DS also features the ability for multiple DS consoles to directly interact with each other over Wi-Fi within a short range without the need to connect to an existing wireless network. Alternatively, they could interact online using the now-closed Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection service. Its main competitor was Sony's PlayStation Portable as part of the seventh generation era. It was likened to the Nintendo 64 from the 1990s, which led to several N64 ports such as "Super Mario 64 DS", "Diddy Kong Racing DS", among others. Context_6 : The Time Travelers (a.k.a. Time Trap) is a 1964 science fiction film directed by B-movie director Ib Melchior. It stars Preston Foster, Philip Carey, Merry Anders, Steve Franken, John Hoyt and Delores Wells. The cast also includes superfan Forrest J. Ackerman in one of his many bit roles in science fiction films. The film inspired the 1966 TV series "The Time Tunnel" as well as the 1967 remake "Journey to the Center of Time". The plot involves a group of scientists who find their time-viewing screen allows them to travel through time. American International Pictures released the film as a double feature with "Atragon". Context_7 : The Brian Boru bagpipe was invented and patented in 1908 by Henry Starck, an instrument maker (who also made standard Great Highland Bagpipes), in London, in consultation with William O'Duane. The name was chosen in honour of the Irish king Brian Boru (941–1014), though this bagpipe is not a recreation of any pipes that were played at the time of his reign. The Brian Boru pipe is related to the Great Highland Bagpipe, but with a chanter that adds four to thirteen keys, to extend both the upper and lower ends of the scale, and optionally adds chromatic notes. His original pipes changed the drone configuration to a single tenor drone pitched one octave below the chanter, a baritone drone pitched one fifth below the tenor drone, and a bass drone pitched two octaves below the chanter, following the drone set-up of the Northumbrian Half-long pipes. Some later designs of these pipes reverted to the Great Highland Bagpipe configuration of two tenor drones and one bass drone. The Brian Boru bagpipe was played for a number of years by the pipe band in the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers, as well as a number of civilian pipe bands. It is still played in Ireland but has lost most of its former popularity. Bagpipe makers in both the United Kingdom and Pakistan still make the chanters. Context_8 : Drone Tactics (昆虫ウォーズ "Konchuu Wars" in Japan) is a turn-based strategy video game developed and published in Japan by Success and published in North America by Atlus for the Nintendo DS, which was released on May 13, 2008. Context_9 : The iron bit, also referred to as a gag, was used by slave masters and overseers as a form of punishment on slaves in the Southern United States. The bit, sometimes depicted as the scold's bridle, uses similar mechanics to that of the common horse bit. The scolds bridle however, is almost always associated with its use on women in the early 17th century and there are very few accounts of the device as a method of torture against black slaves under that particular name. As opposed to the whip, the iron bit lacks the historic, social, and literary symbolic fame that would make information on the use of the iron bit as accessible. Its use throughout history has warranted some attention though, mostly from literary texts. Most notable is Toni Morrison’s novel "Beloved", which gives insight as to the emotional and mental trauma of being subjected to the bit. Even earlier, slave narratives and publications of newspapers and magazines from the 18th century on give evidence of this device being used to torture and punish slaves. Context_10 : Final Fantasy Tactics (ファイナルファンタジータクティクス , Fainaru Fantajī Takutikusu ) is a tactical role-playing game developed and published by Squaresoft (later changed to Square and now Square Enix) for the Sony PlayStation video game console. It is the first game of the "Final Fantasy Tactics" series and was released in Japan in June 1997 and in the United States in January 1998. The game combines thematic elements of the "Final Fantasy" video game series with a game engine and battle system unlike those previously seen in the franchise. In contrast to other 32-bit era "Final Fantasy" titles, "Final Fantasy Tactics" uses a 3D, isometric, rotatable playing field, with bitmap sprite characters. fact_1 : Drone Tactics (昆虫ウォーズ "Konchuu Wars" in Japan) is a turn-based strategy video game developed and published in Japan by Success and published in North America by Atlus for the Nintendo DS, which was released on May 13, 2008. fact_2 : The Nintendo DS or simply, DS, is a 32-bit dual-screen handheld game console developed and released by Nintendo. Question: How many bit is the device that Drone Tactics is played on?

SOLUTION: 32bit

PROBLEM: Context_1 : Hear the Silence is a 2003 semi-fictional TV drama based on the MMR vaccine controversy, which started when Andrew Wakefield published a paper claiming a possible link between the MMR vaccine and autism. It debuted on December 15, 2003 at 9 PM on the British network Five. The film, produced at a cost of about 1 million pounds, stars Hugh Bonneville as Wakefield and Juliet Stevenson as Christine Shields, a fictional mother who discovers the possible MMR-autism link when her son is diagnosed as autistic. Stevenson's character begins telling doctor after doctor that her son seemed to develop autism soon after he received the MMR vaccine, but she does not receive any sympathy from them, nor does she receive any from her boss, or even her husband. However, this all changes when she meets Dr. Wakefield, who believes her statements about the MMR vaccine causing her son's autism. The film then shows fictional government officials "plotting" Wakefield's "demise", which they intend to bring about by portraying his research as flawed. Although never documented in reality, the film depicts Wakefield being targeted by the government: his phone is tapped and his files are stolen. The film attracted 1.2 million viewers on the first night it screened, considerably fewer than usual for Channel Five's films that debut at 9 PM, which often get more than 2 million viewers. Context_2 : Arthur Krigsman, MD, is a pediatrician and gastroenterologist best known for his controversial and research in which he attempted to prove that the MMR vaccine caused diseases, especially autism. He specializes in the evaluation and treatment of gastrointestinal pathology in children with autism spectrum disorders, and has written in support of what he calls autistic enterocolitis. The original study that tied the MMR vaccine to autism and GI complaints conducted by one of Krigsman's associates has been found to be fraudulent, and the diagnosis of "autistic enterocolitis" has not been accepted by the medical community. Context_3 : Maurice Ralph Hilleman (August 30, 1919 – April 11, 2005) was an American microbiologist who specialized in vaccinology and developed over 40 vaccines, an unparalleled record of productivity. Of the 14 vaccines routinely recommended in current vaccine schedules, he developed eight: those for measles, mumps, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, chickenpox, meningitis, pneumonia and "Haemophilus influenzae" bacteria. He also played a role in the discovery of the cold-producing adenoviruses, the hepatitis viruses, and the cancer-causing virus SV40. Context_4 : Vaxxed: From Cover-Up to Catastrophe is a 2016 American film alleging a cover-up by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of a purported link between the MMR vaccine and autism. According to "Variety", the film "purports to investigate the claims of a senior scientist at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention who revealed that the CDC had allegedly manipulated and destroyed data on an important study about autism and the MMR vaccine"; critics derided it as an anti-vaccine propaganda film. Context_5 : Kreesten Meldgaard Madsen is a Danish epidemiologist and expert on infectious diseases who, as of 2003, worked at the Danish Epidemiology Science Centre at Aarhus University. He is known for leading two studies that found no link between either the MMR vaccine and autism or thimerosal and autism. The first of these studies pertained to MMR and was published in 2002; the second pertained to thimerosal and was published in 2003. Both of these studies received considerable media attention, but the study regarding thimerosal and autism was criticized by Mark Blaxill of activist group SafeMinds, who said it was irrelevant to the United States because it was conducted in Denmark, where the autism rate is lower. Context_6 : The MMR vaccine (also known as the MPR vaccine after the Latin names of the diseases) is an immunization vaccine against measles, mumps, and rubella (German measles). It is a mixture of live attenuated viruses of the three diseases, administered via injection. It was first developed by Maurice Hilleman while at Merck. Context_7 : The MMR vaccine controversy started with the 1998 publication of a fraudulent research paper in "The Lancet" linking the combined measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine to colitis and autism spectrum disorders. The claims in the paper were widely reported, leading to a sharp drop in vaccination rates in the UK and Ireland and increases in the incidence of measles and mumps, resulting in deaths and severe and permanent injuries. Following the initial claims in 1998, multiple large epidemiological studies were undertaken. Reviews of the evidence by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the Institute of Medicine of the US National Academy of Sciences, the UK National Health Service, and the Cochrane Library all found no link between the MMR vaccine and autism. Context_8 : Porter Warren Anderson, Jr. (born January 1, 1937) is an American microbiologist best known for developing a vaccine that protects children from infections by Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), a leading cause of bacterial meningitis and epiglottitis. The techniques he and his colleague Ronald Eby invented were later utilized to develop a vaccine against Streptococcus pneumoniae. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Context_9 : Michelle Cedillo v. Secretary of Health and Human Services, also known as the omnibus autism proceeding (OAP), was a court case involving the family of Michelle Cedillo, a girl with autism whose parents sued the United States government because they believed that her autism was caused by her receipt of both the measles-mumps-and-rubella vaccine (also known as the MMR vaccine) and thimerosal-containing vaccines. The omnibus proceeding required the petitioners to present three test cases for each proposed mechanism by which vaccines had, according to them, caused their children's autism; Michelle was the first such case for the MMR-and-thimerosal hypothesis. Context_10 : Mumpsvax is a mumps vaccine made of mumps virus. It is a product of Merck & Co., Inc. The vaccine is a component of Merck's three-virus MMR vaccine. fact_1 : The MMR vaccine (also known as the MPR vaccine after the Latin names of the diseases) is an immunization vaccine against measles, mumps, and rubella (German measles). fact_2 : Maurice Ralph Hilleman (August 30, 1919 – April 11, 2005) was an American microbiologist who specialized in vaccinology and developed over 40 vaccines, an unparalleled record of productivity. Question: When was the American microbiologist who developed MMR vaccine born?

SOLUTION: August 30, 1919

PROBLEM: Context_1 : Kirengeshoma is a genus containing two species of plants in the hydrangea family. Both are clump-forming perennials native to Eastern Asia, with sycamore-like palmate leaves and nodding, waxy yellow flowers on slender stalks, growing in shady environments. They are grown as garden plants in temperate regions of the world. Context_2 : Olsynium filifolium (pale maiden), or "Bermudiana filifolia", is the only species of the iris family native to the Falkland Islands. It is much better known by its former name Sisyrinchium filifolium. Although it is no longer as common as it once was, it is widely distributed on the islands, and favours temperate dwarf shrub heath. It (or a closely related species) is also found in Patagonia. Context_3 : Kirengeshoma koreana, the Korean kirengeshoma, is a plant in the family Hydrangeaceae. Context_4 : Olsynium junceum is a species of the iris family, native to South America (Bolivia, Peru, Argentina, Chile). Context_5 : Olsynium douglasii (syn. "Sisyrinchium douglasii", "Sisyrinchium grandiflorum") is a flowering plant, commonly known as Douglas' olsynium, Douglas' grasswidow, grasswidow, blue-eyed grass, purple-eyed-grass, or satin flower, Context_6 : Olsynium (huilmo in Chile; formerly part of "Sisyrinchium") is a genus of summer-dormant rhizomatous perennials in the iris family, native to sunny hillsides in South America and western North America. Context_7 : Kirengeshoma palmata, the yellow wax bells, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangaceae, native to Japan and eastern China (Huangshan and Tianmushan). It is a clump-forming herbaceous perennial growing to 60 - tall by 75 cm broad, with sycamore-like palmate leaves, and fleshy, pale yellow flowers borne on slender maroon stems in late summer. It is a calcifuge, suitable for cultivation in a shady, moist location in acid soil. fact_1 : Kirengeshoma is a genus containing two species of plants in the hydrangea family. fact_2 : Olsynium (huilmo in Chile; formerly part of "Sisyrinchium") is a genus of summer-dormant rhizomatous perennials in the iris family, native to sunny hillsides in South America and western North America. Question: What are both Kirengeshoma and Olsynium?

SOLUTION:
plants