instruction:
In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.
question:
Context: P53 is a key protein which controls cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Auto-antibodies against p53 have been detected in some cancer patients and also in patients with autoimmune diseases. In these patients, the main cause of anti-p53 antibody occurrence was considered to be increased intracellular p53 protein in cancer cells and autoreactive lymphocytes, respectively. Intracellular p53 also increases with cardiomyocyte apoptosis during heart failure and autoreactive lymphocytes play a role in the course of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). Based on these observations, we hypothesized that anti-p53 antibody response may also occur in patients with heart failure due to ICM and IDC.', 'The aim of this study was to evaluate anti-p53 antibodies in the serum of patients with heart failure due to IDC and ICM.', '70 eligible patients with heart failure and severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction (mean fractional shortening 12.03 +/- 3.93%) were included in the study. The aetiology of heart failure was IDC in 26 patients and ICM in 44 patients, according to the angiographic and echocardiographic findings.', 'Anti-p53 antibodies were not detected in any of the patients.\Question: Do serum anti-p53 antibodies occur in patients with heart failure due to idiopathic dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathies?
answer:
Anti-p53 antibodies do not occur in patients with heart failure due to IDC and ICM, possible explanations are discussed in the text.


question:
Context: Apicomplexan parasites actively release transmembrane (TM) adhesive proteins involved in host cell attachment and invasion. Rhomboids, a family of intramembrane serine proteases, cleave these secreted adhesive proteins within their TM domains as an essential step in completing the invasion process. In Cryptosporidium parvum, the activity of rhomboids in cleaving microneme proteins (MICs) has not been reported. In the present study, the interaction between C. parvum rhomboids (CpROM1 and CpROM4) and C. parvum microneme proteins (CpGP900 and CpTRAP-C1) was investigated using yeast two-hybrid assay and co-immunoprecipitation assays.', 'Our study demonstrated that CpROM1 protein could interact with CpGP900 protein in co-transformed AH109 yeasts. Analysis of these proteins in co-transfected mammalian cells showed that the cleavage product of the CpGP900 protein was detected in the co-transfected cells. As control, CpGP900 only was transfected into cells and no cleavage was observed. The results suggested that CpGP900 protein was the substrate of CpROM1. Moreover, CpROM1 and CpROM4 could not cleave CpTRAP-C1 protein, which is the substrate of T. gondii rhomboid 2.\Question: Does cryptosporidium parvum rhomboid1 have an activity in microneme protein CpGP900 cleavage?
answer:
Our results showed that CpROM1 is an active protease that is involved in microneme protein CpGP900 cleavage, which lay the foundation for further research on the mechanisms of C. parvum invasion.


question:
Context: The contribution of cytomegalovirus (CMV) to progressive HIV infection is still controversial.', 'The occurrence of CMV DNA in the plasma of patients with advanced HIV infection was studied in relation to the development of clinical disease.', 'Plasma samples were collected every 2 weeks for 6 months. The patients have thereafter been followed clinically at least every 3 months. CMV DNA was extracted and analysed by a nested PCR.', 'CMV DNA was repeatedly detected in the plasma of five patients for more than 45 days (group 1). These patients also had very low CD4+ cell counts 51+/-41 x 10(6) /l). Three patients in group 1 developed CMV complications and CMV was the cause of death in two cases. Two patients with anti-CMV IgM responses did not develop CMV complications. All five patients died at a mean of 17 months after CMV DNA became continuously detectable by PCR. In another six patients, CMV DNA was not or only sporadically detected (group 2). In these six patients, four are still alive after more than 3.5 years and only one patient developed CMV retinitis 3 years later.\Question: Does continuous detection of CMV DNA in plasma of patients with advanced HIV infection imply the poorest prognosis?
answer:

The presence of CMV DNA in plasma was frequent in 11 patients with advanced HIV infection. The continued presence of CMV DNA in plasma of the patients with low CD4+ cell counts was related to the development of clinical CMV disease and carried the poorest prognosis.