Given a document, generate a short title of the document. The title should convey the main idea/event/topic about which the document is being written. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].

[Q]: Smoke rises after an air strike during fighting between members of the Syrian Democratic Forces and Islamic State militants in Raqqa  Syria  August 15  2017. REUTERS/Zohra Bensemra/File Photo
In the end  IS suffered its most decisive defeat and watched their self-proclaimed caliphate evaporate in Iraq  then in Syria as Kurdish-led forces retook Raqqa  ISâs urban stronghold there.
The battle for  Raqqa  which became  ISâs operational base in Syria  had a different feel to it as U.S.-backed Kurds and Arabs in the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) tightened their siege.
In the weeks before  Raqqaâs  fall in October  young female SDF fighters faced off against hardened militants and suffered losses. But that did not curb their enthusiasm and some said they would eventually like to join Kurdish PKK militants in Turkey and help advance their 33-year-old insurgency there.
After ISâs defeat in Raqqa   Raqqa residents  formed a council to run the city but  they  had no budget when it was first set up  just residents streaming into  their  tin  run-down headquarters demanding everything from instant jobs to getting  their  damaged farmland back.
The Kurdish groups who led the fight against Islamic State in its former capital  Raqqa  must now navigate a complex peace to avoid ethnic tension with the cityâs Arab majority and to secure critical U.S. aid.
So  life for  Raqqa âs victors will remain fraught with risk.
[A]: The Battle against Islamic State


[Q]: The concentration  or number of insulin units in the liquid solution  was labeled as 100 units per milliliter. But they averaged less than half of that  and none met the 95-unit minimum standard  said lead researcher Alan Carter  a pharmacist and adjunct instructor at the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Pharmacy.
 Carter  thinks the insulin may have gotten too warm somewhere between the factory and the pharmacy  causing some of the molecules to break apart.
 Carter  wondered whether  his  results might help explain why insulin users sometimes find a dose doesn't work as well as normal. Doctors usually attribute that to patient error: not injecting enough insulin before a meal  not following dietary guidelines  or skipping exercise.
 Carter   who had a limited budget for  his  study  acknowledges that it was too small and that  his  results may be flawed. He notified Novo Nordisk and Eli Lilly of his results in hopes someone would do a bigger follow-up study.
[A]: Insulin quality questions have diabetes experts scrambling


[Q]: The start to the end of the world is coming this fall  according to  doomsday writer David Meade .
 Meade   who said  he  is using astronomy and the Biblical book of Revelations  has predicted that Oct. 15 will be the start of the tribulation â the seven-year period that brings the demise of the world.
âHold on and watch â wait until the middle of October and I donât believe youâll be disappointed â said  Meade   who also predicted a âmagnificent sign in the skiesâ will occur on Sept. 23.
 Meade  certainly isnât the first person who predicted the end of the world. Hereâs a look at some other recent times the world was supposed to end.
[A]:
Doomsday timeline: Dates when David Meade  others said the world was supposed to end