Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[Q]: Context: Barrett esophagus (BE) is considered precursor condition of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Its incidence and prevalence are increasing in general population. Studies reported that metabolic syndrome (MS) or diabetes mellitus (DM) is related to increased risk of BE. Current study was to assess and better understand the relationship between MS /DM and BE.', "Electronic search was conducted in the database Pubmed/Medline (-December, 2015), Embase (-December, 2015), Cochrane Library (-December, 2015), and Web of Knowledge (-December, 2015). Studies included were assessed with summary odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and compared exposure group with control group. The heterogeneity was examined by the funnel plot and the Egger's test. Subgroup analyses and sensitive analyses were performed for the detection of possible heterogeneity and impact on stability of analysis results.", "Twelve publications met the criteria and included 355,311 subjects were analyzed. The pooled results showed MS was closely associated with increased risk of BE (OR\u200a=\u200a1.23; 95%CI 1.03-1.47; P\u200a=\u200a0.024), and yet DM did not significantly increase the risk of BE (OR\u200a=\u200a1.07; 95%CI 0.82-1.38; P\u200a=\u200a0.627). Substantial heterogeneities were detected. No significant publication bias was detected by Egger's test (P\u200a=\u200a0.23).
Answer: Based on the results of current meta-analysis, MS is associated with increased risk of BE. Further long-term follow-up prospective study needs to verify the current results, and definite pathophysiological mechanism needs to be further investigated and clearly elucidated.
[A]: Is metabolic syndrome associated with increased risk of Barrett esophagus : A meta-analysis?


[Q]: Context: β1-Adrenergic receptor (β1-AR) stimulation modulates the antiarrhythmic activities of sodium channel blockers. The β1-AR Gly389 variant shows a marked decrease in agonist-stimulated cyclic AMP production compared with that of the wild-type Arg389 in vitro. We investigated whether the Arg389Gly polymorphism affects the efficacy of flecainide, a typical sodium channel blocker, in patients with or without coadministration of β-blockers.', 'The effects of the β1-AR Arg389Gly polymorphism on the antiarrhythmic efficacy of flecainide were compared between with and without coadministered β-blockers in 159 patients with supraventricular tachyarrhythmia. The antiarrhythmic efficacy of flecainide was assessed for at least 2 months by evaluating symptomatology, 12-lead ECGs, and Holter monitoring results.', 'Genetic differences in the antiarrhythmic efficacy of flecainide were observed in patients with coadministration of β-blockers. Tachyarrhythmia was well controlled in 60% of Arg389-homozygotes, 30% of Gly389-heterozygotes, and 0% of Gly389-homozygotes (P=0.001). In contrast, no difference in the antiarrhythmic efficacy was observed among the three genotypes in the patients without coadministration of β-blockers (64, 70, and 60%, respectively). Heart rate in tachyarrhythmia in patients treated with flecainide was significantly higher in Gly389 carriers than in Arg389-homozygotes (P=0.013).
Answer: The Gly389 polymorphism decreased the antiarrhythmic efficacy of flecainide when coadministered with β-blockers. The results indicate that the Arg389Gly polymorphism may play an important role in predicting the efficacy of flecainide in patients with coadministration of β-blockers.
[A]: Does β1-Adrenergic receptor Arg389Gly polymorphism affect the antiarrhythmic efficacy of flecainide in patients with coadministration of β-blockers?


[Q]: Context: To identify risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and intracerebral hemorrhage, we designed a case-control study of men and women 18 to 49 years of age (the Hemorrhagic Stroke Project [HSP]). This report focuses on SAH.', 'Patients were recruited from 44 hospitals in the United States. Cases with SAH must have had a ruptured aneurysm documented by angiography or surgery. Two controls, identified by random digit dialing and matched to each patient for age, sex, race, and telephone exchange, were sought for each case subject.', 'Between 1994 and 1999, 425 patients with SAH were enrolled in HSP, and 312 cases met the criteria for aneurysmal SAH. The present analyses also included 618 matched controls. Of the 312 cases, 66% were current cigarette smokers compared with 30% of controls (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.73; 95% CI, 2.67 to 5.21). Cocaine use within the previous 3-day period was reported by 3% of cases and no controls (bivariate exact OR, 24.97; 95% exact CI, 3.95 to infinity; adjusted estimate not calculable). Other independent risk factors in the multivariable model included hypertension (adjusted OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.48 to 3.29), low body mass index (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.08 to 2.35), primary family history of hemorrhagic stroke (OR, 3.83; 95% CI, 1.73 to 8.46), caffeine in pharmaceutical products (OR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.19 to 5.20), lower educational achievement (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.44 to 3.87), and nicotine in pharmaceutical products (adjusted estimate not calculable).
Answer: Aneurysmal SAH may be largely a preventable disease among the young and middle-aged because several prevalent risk factors can be modified by medication (eg, hypertension) or behavioral change (eg, cigarette smoking, cocaine use). The association of caffeine and nicotine in pharmaceutical products and aneurysmal SAH warrants further study.
[A]:
Are major risk factors for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in the young modifiable?