In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

[EX Q]: A failed naval expedition led by this country's Blanco Encalada resulted in the 1837 Treaty of Paucarpata, while its 1925 Constitution began its Presidential Republic period. This modern day country was captured in a campaign led by Pedro de Valdivia; that campaign saw fighting against its native Araucanian or Mapuche Indians. This country's Patria Vieja period of independence was ended at the Disaster of Rancagua. Its independence campaign was led by men like the Carrera Brothers and Bernardo O'Higgins, and the 19th century saw the flourishing of its free port Valparaiso. For 10 points, name this South American country led in the 20th century by Salvador Allende and Augusto Pinochet.
[EX A]: History

[EX Q]: In solid-state physics, a dimensionally-equivalent "sheet" version of this quantity is often reported as its value "per square". Its quantum is equal to h over e squared, and the Drude model gives this extensive quantity as inversely proportional to the product of carrier number density and mobility. A complex version of this quantity includes a term equal to frequency times inductance. The power dissipated in a circuit equals (*) current squared times this value. Voltmeters work by applying a very large value for this quantity in parallel. Devices that provide this quantity are marked with a series of colored bands and symbolized with a zig-zag line. For 10 points, name this quantity set equal to voltage over current in a law named for Ohm, who also names its SI unit.
[EX A]: Science

[EX Q]: John Parker Hale was recalled from his post as minister to this country after Horatio Perry accused him of tax evasion. Daniel Sickles also served as minister to this country, in which role he was rumored to have had an affair with its potential queen. This country paid the U.S. an 80,000 dollar indemnity after the execution of 53 men, including Joseph Fry, when Fry's ship was seized by its forces. The freedom of a manumitted slave is compared to the undying nature of the earth in an essay ""On the American Dead in"" this country, which refers to a group of 2,800 Americans holding their position at a river in this nation. By way of a certain treaty, the U.S. agreed to pay all legal claims against this nation up to five million dollars in exchange for territory - that agreement, also known as the Transcontinental Treaty, saw this country renounce claims to Oregon territory but retain land west of the Sabine River. FTP, name this nation where the Abraham Lincoln Brigade fought in a war, and who signed the Adams-Onis Treaty relinquishing its control over Florida.
[EX A]:
History