Given a paragraph, generate a claim that is supported by the given paragraph. 1) The claim must contain information from within the paragraph. 2) A sentence within the paragraph can be used as a claim. 3) The claim should not have contradictions within the paragraph. 4) The claim should be at most one sentence long.

[EX Q]: Low doses of the drug FTY720, also called fingolimod, given  to mice once a day for three days eliminated an infection by a  virus that can cause meningitis, an inflammation of the  membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The findings suggest the drug, which boosted anti-viral  immune responses in the mice, may be useful against viruses  that cause high-level, long-lasting infections in people such  as hepatitis C and HIV, the researchers said. Microbiologist and immunologist John Altman of Emory  University in Atlanta, who led the study, said the researchers  plan to assess the effects of the drug on other viruses  including the monkey version of the AIDS virus. Altman, whose findings were published in the journal  Nature, expressed cautious optimism that the drug might work  against certain chronic viral infections in people. “We think it’s crucial that we do experiments to check it  out,” Altman said in a telephone interview. The drug is generally considered to be an immunosuppressant  that works to restrain the body’s natural defenses. That could be helpful in multiple sclerosis, an autoimmune  disease in which the immune system attacks body parts as if  they were foreign invaders. But one effect of the drug seems to facilitate the immune  response, the researchers said. FTY720 among other things traps  white blood cells — key soldiers in the immune system’s fight  against infections — in the lymph nodes, Altman said. With viral infections, the lymph nodes are where the immune  response can get primed and started, Altman said. Some viruses  replicate themselves at high levels in lymph nodes, including  the human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS. They tested the drug against a mouse virus called  lymphocytic choriomeningitis, which causes chronic infections  by escaping immune responses. “In the absence of treatment (with FTY720) we have an  exhausted immune response. In the presence of treatment, we  regain a robust cellular immune response,” Altman said. Swiss drug maker Novartis said in June two multiple  sclerosis patients taking FTY720 in clinical trials had  problems with infections and one died, but the role of the drug  in the cases was unclear. Novartis plans at the end of 2009 to seek approval by the  European Union for FTY720 to treat MS, spokeswoman Valerie Tate  said by e-mail. The drug is currently in late-stage trials. Altman said his study was backed by the U.S. government’s  National Institutes of Health and was not funded by Novartis.
[EX A]: MS drug may work against viral infection: study.

[EX Q]: Amid mounting global concern over the public health implications of so-called e-cigarettes, Touraine said they faced the same fate as traditional ones: a ban on smoking in public spaces and sales to minors and a blackout on media advertising. In a country where the pungent waft of Gaulloises and Gitanes once seemed an unassailable part of cafe culture, smokers have long been banished to outdoor terrace seats. The near-odorless electronic alternative - battery-driven devices that allow users inhale odorless nicotine-laced vapor rather than smoke - are gaining ground in no-go zones such as bars, cafes, trains, waiting rooms and offices. A government-commissioned report said this week that around 500,000 people in France had turned to e-cigarettes, which are designed to look like cigarettes although some come in different colors, and recommended a crackdown on public use. Health officials in many countries say the impact of electronic cigarettes on health needs further study. Another worry they cite is that the electronic alternative will increase the general temptation to smoke, including enticing those who have quit to start again, or that smokers may use them alongside rather than instead of regular cigarettes. “This is no ordinary product because it encourages mimicking and could promote taking up smoking,” said Touraine, who announced her plans at a news conference. In the United States, the number of smokers who have tried out e-cigarettes doubled to one in five in 2011 and the number of all adults trying it doubled too, to 6 percent, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In France, a country of 66 million, the government says tobacco smoking kills some 66,000 people a year and another 5,000 are killed through passive exposure to smoke. The expert in charge of the French report advised against an outright ban on e-cigarettes, however, saying they still seemed safer than tar-laden tobacco. Electronic cigarettes, whose invention is widely credited to a Chinese pharmacist a decade ago, usually comprise disposable cartridges of liquid such as propylene glycol that is easily turned to vapor and can contain artificial flavors alongside concentrated liquid nicotine.
[EX A]: France to ban electronic cigarettes in public.

[EX Q]: The Delta-owned NM Bouboulina vessel was navigating through Brazilian waters at the time and location of the spill, Brazilian police and prosecutors said. Brazil’s government has been striving to investigate the cause of the spill that has hit 286 beaches along the northeast coast and hurt fishing and tourism. Authorities have described the spill as one of the country’s worst environmental disasters. The specific source of the oil has remained unclear since it began appearing in early September. In a search order seen Friday by The Associated Press, Brazilian prosecutors said “there is no indication of another boat” that could have discharged the Venezuelan crude into the sea. Authorities in Rio de Janeiro coordinated a search Friday at a maritime agency that has previously represented Delta, and the office of a crisis management consultancy. Delta did not immediately respond to requests for comment submitted after business hours in Athens. The 13-year-old Suezmax is among Delta’s fleet of 30 tankers controlled by Greek shipping magnate Diamantis Diamantidis. The Brazilian government has said the oil came from Venezuela after state-run oil company Petrobras identified three of the neighboring nation’s fields as the source of the crude. The Bouboulina, named for a 19th century heroine of Greece’s war of independence, docked in Venezuela on July 15 and departed three days later, according to the Brazilian search order. The Venezuelan government has previously denied its country is the source of the spilled crude. From Venezuela, the tanker embarked with around 1 million barrels of Merey 16 crude. It sailed past the northeast corner of Brazil en route to Cape Town, South Africa and the Malacca coast of Malaysia, according to Kpler, a company that tracks seaborne commodities. On Sept. 3, off the coast of Malaysia, the vessel turned off its transponder signal for 10 days as it unloaded cargo, likely via a ship-to-ship transfer to an unknown vessel or vessels, Kpler said. Ships are required to emit transponder signals but sea captains dealing in Venezuelan crude are increasingly turning off the safety device to help evade U.S. sanctions that prohibit companies from buying crude from Venezuela. Successive round of U.S. sanctions have made it illegal for American companies to do business with the government of Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro. In August, the Trump administration hardened its stance further, warning foreign entities that they could see their U.S. assets seized unless they cut ties to the socialist leader’s government. A number of European oil companies, as well as Russia, India and China, are major buyers of crude from Venezuela’s state-run oil giant, PDVSA. All the companies rely on the U.S. to process financial payments. The ship responsible for the spill had been held in the United States for four days due to problems “in the system to separate water and oil for discharge into the ocean,” Brazil’s Navy said in a statement. It did not provide more details. A July 29 satellite image showed an oil spill 733 kilometers (455 miles) from northeastern Paraiba state, the Navy said in a statement. Following analysis of maritime traffic, the Navy said it detected that the ship was navigating in the region where the spill appeared and was headed for South Africa. ___ Goodman reported from Miami.
[EX A]:
Brazil authorities zero in on ship suspected of oil spill.