In this task your given two statements in Chinese. You must judge whether the second sentence is the cause or effect of the first one. Label the instances as "cause" or "effect" based on your judgment. The sentences are separated by a newline character.
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Question: 罪犯被处决了。
他被判犯有谋杀罪。

Answer: cause


Question: 孩子的手很快退缩了。
他碰了热炉子。

Answer: cause


Question: 钢笔墨水用完了。
我用了一支铅笔。

Answer:
effect