In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

Q: This man was the subject of a 1949 Henry Cowell opera designed as a satire against Dwight Eisenhower. He died in exile after a conservative coup led by his successor, Ramn Freire. When his father became viceroy of Peru, he was sent to London, where he met Francisco de Miranda and joined the independentist Lautaro Lodge. He began his public life as a deputy to the Cabildo from La Laja. His cavalry charge at the battle of Chacabuco allowed him to enter Santiago in triumph along with Jose de San Martin in March 1818. FTP, name this descendant of Irish officers in Spanish service, the first ruler of an independent Chile.

A: History
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Q: Several of his early works, including such operas as Cleonice, Demofoonte, and Artaserse, were written with librettist Pietro Metastasio. He had begun composing an opera based on the Song of Roland, but the discovery that Niccolo Piccini was given the same libretto to work on sparked a rivalry in the Parisian press and motivated him to compose Armide. Collaboration with the librettist Calzabigi resulted in the composition of the ballets Semiramide and Don Juan, as well as an opera featuring the "Dance of the Blessed Spirits" and another in whose preface he declared his intent to "restrict music to its true office of serving poetry. " FTP, identify this German classical composer of "reform" operas such as Alceste and Orfeo et Euridice.

A: Fine Arts
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Q: He redesigned the church building at St. Luke's Episcopal Church for his friend and biographer Louis Noble, and at his death he left uncompleted a series of paintings titled "The Cross in the World". A mirage-like castle appears in the sky as an angel watches a boy push off in a boat in Youth, the second of four paintings in this man's "Voyage of Life" series. Also known for such works as Expulsion from the Garden of Eden, this man taught Frederic Church and was memorialized in an Asher Durand painting which sees him talking with William Cullen Bryant. For 10 points, name this painter of the "Course of Empire" series, the founder of the Hudson River School.

A:
Fine Arts
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