We would like you to assess the QUALITY of each of the following argument (discussing Gay Marriage) and determine if the argument is Valid or Invalid. A valid argument is clearly interpretable and either expresses an argument, or a premise or a conclusion that can be used in an argument for the topic of gay marriage. An invalid argument is a phrase that cannot be interpreted as an argument or not on the topic of gay marriage.

[EX Q]: When marriage laws were first written the idea of including gays probably never even occurred to anyone.
[EX A]: Valid

[EX Q]: Allowing mostly any two consenting adults to marry would take moral proscriptions regarding marriage partners out of the hands of the state and put those moral questions entirely within the private domain of individuals and private institutions, notably religious institutions.
[EX A]: Valid

[EX Q]: The Defense of Marriage Act, or DOMA, was enacted by Congress in 1996 when it appeared Hawaii would soon legalize same-sex marriage and opponents worried that other states would be forced to recognize such marriages.
[EX A]:
Valid