TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a sentence in the Japanese language and your task is to convert it into the English language. In translation, keep numbers as it is and make it sentence case (capitalize only the first word of each sentence and noun).
PROBLEM: 緊急応答時間は石油流出のような起こりうる災害のため、または例えば周遊船の非常事態に応答するというような救援活動のためにテストされた。

SOLUTION: Emergency response times were tested for such potential disasters as oil spills, or rescue operations such as responding to cruise ship emergencies.

PROBLEM: タバコは年間5百万人の寿命を縮めていて、現在の傾向が覆されなければ、数値は2020年までに2倍になる。

SOLUTION: It prematurely ends the lives of 5 million people a year, a figure which will double by 2020 if current trends are not reversed.

PROBLEM: コロンビア特別区と少なくとも32の州では選挙日前に期日前投票が行われた。

SOLUTION:
The District of Columbia and at least 32 states had early voting before election day.