instruction:
In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question.
question:
Question: What was the document that made India an officially secular nation ratified? Passage:India's present syncretic culture is reflected in the fused Hindu-muslim spiritual connotations, forms, symbols, aesthetics, crafts and weaves, for example Kashmiri muslim carpet makers feature Durga in their patterns, muslim sculptors making idols of Durga, and Hindu craftsmen create the Muharram tazia. This religious syncretism is a fusion of Hindu cultural elements with Muslim religious elements. It is based on the vasudhaiva kutumbakam, unity in diversity, multi-communitarianism and ganga-jamuni tehzeeb, It is born out of centuries of interfaith exchange and accommodation among Indian origin religions (Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, Sikh) and foreign origin religions (Muslim and Christian) where communities preserve own cultural and religious identities while facilitating the shared celebration of festivals, customs and traditions. In this syncretic culture, the shared Indian national identity is separated from the personal religious identity, and the nation and common social good comes first above the personal religion. Despite the partition of India, and resulting creation of Pakistan based on the concept of separate islamic nation for domination of muslims, this composite multiculturalism is integral to the present society of India. India is officially a secular nation, a concept legalised in the constitution of India. Contrastingly, constitution of Pakistan has Islam as its state religion, teaching of quran and islamiyat is compulsary,Constitution of Pakistan: Constitution of Pakistan, 1973 – Article: 31 Islamic way of life, Article 31 No. 2, 1973, Retrieved 22 August 2018. only muslims can become Prime Minister or President of Pakistan and nonmuslims are not given equal rights, Ahmadia muslims having equal constitutional rights in India are legally persecuted in Pakistan and constitutionally banned from calling themselves Muslims.
 Links: a. Ahmadiyya in Pakistan b. Ahmadiyya in Pakistan c. Bhakti movement d. Constitution of India
answer:
d


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Question: In what city and state did the music festival take place where DeVotchKa's performance was considered a breakout event? Passage:Originally a backing band for burlesque shows, in their early years DeVotchKa also toured with burlesque performer and model Dita Von Teese. Numerous nationwide tours in support of self-released records earned the band an underground following. Their song "How It Ends" introduced the band to a wider audience after being featured in the trailer for Everything Is Illuminated, in a Gears of War 2 trailer called "The Last Day", and in an episode of Everwood (Season 4). Their performance at the 2006 Bonnaroo music festival was considered a breakout event. In between tours, the band was picked by first time film directors Jonathan Dayton and Valerie Faris to score Little Miss Sunshine, a 2006 film that would go on to garner four Academy Award nominations. DeVotchKa, along with composer Mychael Danna, composed and performed the majority of the music for the film's soundtrack and were nominated for a 2006 Grammy Award for Best Compilation Soundtrack. The main song, "The Winner Is", was also used in a commercial by the French-based environment and energy company Suez and the Dutch pension fund PGGM.
 Links: a. Gears of War 2 b. Everything Is Illuminated (film) c. Bonnaroo Music Festival d. Stichting Pensioenfonds Zorg en Welzijn
answer:
c


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Question: What other teammates had Roberts had before partnering with Lawson? Passage:Lawson accepted an offer from Yamaha to contest the 500cc World Championship as Kenny Roberts' teammate for the 1983 season. Lawson spent the 1983 season learning the ropes of the Grand Prix circuit. In 1984, Lawson began winning regularly and won the 1984 World Championship. It would mark the first of four world titles Lawson would go on to win. In 1985, he won the prestigious Imola 200 pre-season race. After winning two more titles for Yamaha in 1986 and 1988, Lawson shocked the racing world by announcing he would be leaving Yamaha to sign with their arch-rivals Rothmans Honda as teammate to his own archrival, Australia's 1987 World Champion Wayne Gardner. By switching teams, Lawson also fulfilled his desire to work with Erv Kanemoto. After Gardner crashed and broke his leg during the third round at Laguna Seca, Lawson went on to win the 1989 title for Honda, becoming the first rider to win back-to-back championships on machines from different manufacturers. By winning with both Yamaha and Honda, Lawson silenced his critics who believed he would not be as successful away from the factory Marlboro Yamaha team.
 Links: a. 1988 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season b. Wayne Gardner c. Kenny Roberts d. 1986 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season
answer:

c