Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[EX Q]: Context: Cancer cells frequently exhibit resistance to the cytotoxic effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Pretreatment of TRAIL-resistant cells with cisplatin sensitizes them to this ligand. Cisplatin also has been shown to enhance adenoviral transgene expression.', 'This study aims to evaluate the ability of cisplatin to enhance the expression and the cytotoxic effect of the tumor-specific adenoviral vector Ad/gTRAIL, which expresses a green fluorescent protein-TRAIL fusion protein.', 'Cultured cancer cells and normal human cells were infected with Ad/gTRAIL with or without cisplatin pretreatment. Adenoviral transgene expression was determined by using flow cytometry to measure green fluorescent protein fluorescence. Cytotoxicity was measured by using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide assays and an apoptosis enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.', 'Green fluorescent protein-TRAIL fusion protein expression was significantly enhanced by cisplatin pretreatment in cancer cells. Cisplatin treatment before Ad/gTRAIL infection resulted in a 2- to 12-fold increase in green fluorescent protein fluorescence intensity across cancer lines. Although Ad/gTRAIL induced mild cytotoxicity in all cancer lines (inhibitory concentration of 50% values of >500 pfu/cell), pretreatment with cisplatin resulted in a dose-dependent enhancement of Ad/gTRAIL-mediated cytotoxicity, as indicated by the drastic reduction of inhibitory concentration of 50% values to 4 to 42 pfu/cell in all cell lines. There was no cytotoxicity noted in normal cells treated with both cisplatin and Ad/gTRAIL.
Answer: Cisplatin pretreatment enhances Ad/gTRAIL cytotoxicity in malignant cells while not affecting normal cells. The mechanisms underlying this effect might include both enhancement of the susceptibility of cisplatin-treated cells to TRAIL and cisplatin-mediated enhancement of TRAIL expression in Ad/gTRAIL infected cells. These findings provide a rationale for development of Ad/gTRAIL-based therapy for thoracic malignancies.
[EX A]: Does cisplatin enhance apoptosis induced by a tumor-selective adenovirus expressing tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand?

[EX Q]: Context: To determine the prevalence of fathers' attendance at pretest cancer genetic counseling sessions with mothers undergoing BRCA1/2 genetic testing for hereditary breast/ovarian cancer (HBOC) risk, and to identify psychosocial and other correlates of fathers' attendance.", 'One hundred and twenty-one fathers of minor-age children who were spouses/partners of women (mothers) undergoing such counseling and testing were recruited, completed a behavioral self-report survey, and provided data about their sociodemographic backgrounds, father-child cancer communication histories, parenting relationship quality, and information-seeking and perceived knowledge.', 'A total of 27.3% of fathers attended pretest cancer genetic counseling with mothers. Compared to fathers who did not attend pretest cancer genetic counseling, those who did had stronger parenting alliances with mothers, were more likely to have sought out information about BRCA1/2 testing, and felt more informed about testing. In an adjusted logistic regression model of session attendance, the strength of the parenting alliance was associated with a 6% increase in the likelihood of attending genetic counseling (odds ratio [OR]=1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.01, 1.12, p<.05) and greater perceived knowledge about BRCA1/2 testing was associated with a four-fold increase in the likelihood of session attendance (OR=4.03, CI=1.77, 9.37, p<.001).
Answer: One in three fathers attend pretest cancer genetic counseling with mothers undergoing BRCA1/2 testing; those who do have closer parenting relationships and are more informed about BRCA1/2 testing.
[EX A]: Does prevalence and correlate of mothers and fathers attending pretest cancer genetic counseling together?

[EX Q]: Context: Oxidative stress plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) etiopathogenesis. There were several studies that showed impaired antioxidant defense system (ADS) enzymes expression or activity in AD patients. There are only few studies evaluating the importance of ADS gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as risk factors of AD. We evaluated association between chosen SNPs of the enzymes of the ADS and risk of AD.", 'We included 400 AD patients and 402 healthy controls. We studied rs1041740, rs4998557 and rs2070424 of the SOD1 gene, rs2855116, rs5746136 and rs4880 of the SOD2 gene and rs3448, rs1050450 and rs1800668 of the GPx-1 gene (real time PCR). To determine the APOE gene common polymorphism, two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; NCBI SNPs rs429358 and rs7412) were genotyped (TaqMan assays, Applied Biosystems [ABI], Foster City, CA, USA). The genotype and gender frequencies were compared between the studied groups by the χ(2) test and mean age by the t-Student test.', 'Among all studied SNPs only rs2070424 of the SOD1 gene was a protective factor for AD in an additive (OR=0.47; 95% CI=0.30-0.74, p=0.001) and recessive (OR=0.47; 95% CI=0.30-0.75, p=0.002) models including age, gender and APOE gene status.
Answer: rs2070424 polymorphism of the SOD1 gene is a risk factor for AD in Polish population. Allel G and genotype AG and GG are protective factors for AD.
[EX A]:
Is rs2070424 of the SOD1 gene associated with risk of Alzheimer 's disease?