Given a disfluent sentence, modify the sentence to it to its equivalent fluent form, preserving the meaning of the sentence.

What gene converts vitamin D oh no calcitriol into calcidiol?
What gene converts calcitriol into calcidiol?

When did Why did Vilnius become the capital of the Commonwealth?
Why did Vilnius become the capital of the Commonwealth?

How is bandwidth no packet switching characterized?

How is packet switching charecterized