Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Obese patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have higher 90-day mortality after lung transplantation. We sought to determine whether body mass index (BMI) differentially modified the effect of transplant procedure type on 90-day mortality in IPF patients.', 'We analyzed data from the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) for all patients with IPF who were transplanted between 2000 and 2010. Post-transplant survival was examined using Kaplan-Meier estimates. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to determine the difference in 90-day survival. The primary variable of interest was the interaction term between body mass index (BMI) and transplant type.', 'A total of 3,389 (58% single-lung transplant [SLT] and 42% bilateral lung transplant [BLT]) subjects were included. Multivariable logistic regression modeling demonstrated a statistically significant interaction between BMI and transplant type (p = 0.047). Patients with a BMI > 30 kg/m(2) who received a BLT are 1.71 times (95% CI [1.03 to 2.85], p = 0.038) more likely to die within 90 days than BLT recipients with a BMI of 18.5 to 30 kg/m(2).
Do obese patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis have a higher 90-day mortality risk with bilateral lung transplantation?

To determine whether cancer antigen-125 (CA-125) levels are increased in women with endometriosis, especially in those with endometriomas (OMAs), deep infiltrating lesions (DIE), and superficial endometriosis (SUP) compared with controls without endometriosis in a large cohort of operated women.', 'Cross-sectional study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).', 'Tertiary-care university hospital.', 'Four hundred six women with histologically proven endometriosis and 279 women without endometriosis.', 'Surgical examination of the abdomino-pelvic cavity.', 'Preoperative serum CA-125 antigen levels were evaluated by electrochemoluminescence immunoassay in women with endometriosis and controls. Correlations between serum CA-125 levels and clinical and anatomical characteristics of disease severity were examined. Women with endometriosis displayed higher mean serum CA-125 levels compared with disease-free controls (50.1\xa0±\xa062.4 U/mL vs 22.5\xa0±\xa025.2 U/mL; p\xa0≤\xa0.001). CA-125 levels were significantly increased in women with OMA (60.8\xa0±\xa063.5 U/mL) and DIE (55.2\xa0±\xa068.7 U/mL) compared with women with SUP (23.2\xa0±\xa024.5 U/mL) and controls (22.5\xa0±\xa025.2 U/mL). There was no difference in CA-125 levels between patients with SUP and controls and between patients with OMA and DIE. CA-125 serum levels were correlated with DIE severity: the mean number of DIE lesions and worst DIE lesion.
Is increased serum cancer antigen-125 a marker for severity of deep endometriosis?

The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in response to retinoic acid (RA) in human retinal pigment epithelial cells.', 'Expression of VEGF in human ARPE-19 cells was determined by a semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). mRNA stability was assessed after the administration of actinomycin D. The induction of the VEGF gene by various RAs was also determined by semiquantitative RT-PCR.', 'All-trans retinoic acid (atRA) time-dependently increased VEGF mRNA levels. The effect of atRA was dose-dependent in a range between 10(-7) M and 10(-6) M. Treatment with actinomycin D revealed that atRA induces the VEGF gene at the transcriptional level. Of the various RAs tested, atRA was the most potent inducer of the VEGF gene.

Does retinoic acid induce VEGF gene expression in human retinal pigment epithelial cells ( ARPE-19 )?