In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and you have to write an answerable question based on the context. Your questions can be extractive, abstractive, or yes-no questions.
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Question: To address this drawback in ROUGE, we propose a new evaluation metric: Critical Information Completeness (CIC). Formally, CIC is a recall of semantic slot information between a candidate summary and a reference summary. CIC is defined as follows:

where $V$ stands for a set of delexicalized values in the reference summary, $Count_{match}(v)$ is the number of values co-occurring in the candidate summary and reference summary, and $m$ is the number of values in set $V$. In our experiments, CIC is computed as the arithmetic mean over all the dialog domains to retain the overall performance.

CIC is a suitable complementary metric to ROUGE because it accounts for the most important information within each dialog domain. CIC can be applied to any summarization task with predefined essential entities.

Answer: How does new evaluation metric considers critical informative entities?


Question: We use the BLEU BIBREF30 metric on the validation set for the VQG model training. BLEU is a measure of similitude between generated and target sequences of words, widely used in natural language processing. It assumes that valid generated responses have significant word overlap with the ground truth responses. We use it because in this case we have five different references for each of the generated questions. We obtain a BLEU score of 2.07.

Our chatbot model instead, only have one reference ground truth in training when generating a sequence of words. We considered that it was not a good metric to apply as in some occasions responses have the same meaning, but do not share any words in common. Thus, we save several models with different hyperparameters and at different number of training iterations and compare them using human evaluation, to chose the model that performs better in a conversation.

Answer: How is performance of this system measured?


Question:  After having sentence representation, we use some classification models to classify input sentences. Those models will be described in detail in the section SECREF13. The first model is TextCNN (figure FIGREF2) proposed in BIBREF11. It only contains CNN blocks following by some Dense layers. The output of multiple CNN blocks with different kernel sizes is connected to each other.

The second model is VDCNN (figure FIGREF5) inspired by the research in BIBREF12. Like the TextCNN model, it contains multiple CNN blocks. The addition in this model is its residual connection.

The third model is a simple LSTM bidirectional model (figure FIGREF15). It contains multiple LSTM bidirectional blocks stacked to each other.

The fourth model is LSTMCNN (figure FIGREF24). Before going through CNN blocks, series of word embedding will be transformed by LSTM bidirectional block. The final model is the system named SARNN (figure FIGREF25). It adds an attention block between LTSM blocks. In this system, we use the Stacking method. In this method, the output of each model is not only class id but also the probability of each class in the set of three classes. This probability will become a feature for the ensemble model. The stacking ensemble model here is a simple full-connection model with input is all of probability that output from sub-model. The output is the probability of each class.

Answer:
What classifier do they use?