TASK DEFINITION: Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.
PROBLEM: The aim of this study was to investigate the antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of a newly synthesized molecule named paracetamol acetohydroxamic acid (PaCaHa) on human neoplastic cell lines.', 'A549, CRL 2923, HeLa, and ARPE were treated with various concentrations of PaCaHa and DMSO (vehicle control). The cytotoxic/cytostatic effects of PaCaHa were determined after a 24-h incubation period and compared to the DMSO control. The cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects were determined by the trypan blue dye exclusion and MTT methods.', 'A higher susceptibility to PaCaHA was found in CRL 2923 and HeLa cells, while A549 and ARPE cells were less responsive to PaCaHa. The percent of cytotoxicity resulting from 400 µg/mL of PaCaHa were >90 for CRL-2923 and HeLa, 68 for A549, and 64 for ARPE cells. The cytotoxic difference between CRL-2923/HeLa and ARPE/A549 cells was significant (P < 0.05).

SOLUTION: 1

PROBLEM: Limited knowledge exists about the value of tumor size in surgically treated cervical cancer (CX) using a tumor size of 2 cm as cut-off value.', 'A total of 366 cases of CX FIGO stage IB who received upfront surgery were evaluated regarding tumor size, the prediction of pelvic lymph node involvement, and recurrence-free and overall survival during a median follow-up time of 94 months. Tumors ≤2.0 cm were defined as small, tumors 2.1-4.0 cm as medium sized and those larger than 4 cm as bulky disease.', 'Small tumors were seen in 28.7%, medium sized in 52.5% and bulky tumors in 18.9%. There was a significant higher frequency of pelvic lymph node involvement with increasing tumor size (13.3% vs. 23.4% vs. 43.5%, respectively; p<0.001) and an increase of recurrent disease (6.7% vs. 18.8% vs. 29.4%, respectively; p<0.001). The 5-year overall survival rate was significantly reduced with increasing tumor size (94.0% vs. 85.1% vs. 69.9%, respectively; p<0.001). Pelvic lymph node involvement and maximal tumor size were independent prognostic factors for both recurrence-free and overall survival in multivariate analysis.

SOLUTION: 1

PROBLEM: Microparticles (MPs), small vesicles shed from stimulated cells, permit cross-talk between cells within a particular environment. Their composition is thought to reflect their cell of origin, and differs according to whether they are produced by stimulation or by apoptosis. Whether MP properties vary according to stimulus is not yet known.', 'We studied the characteristics of MPs produced from monocytic THP-1 cells upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide or a soluble P-selectin chimera, using proteomics, flow cytometry, western blotting, and electron microscopy.', 'Utilizing a novel criterion of calcein-AM staining to define MPs, we found that MP populations were similar with respect to size, presence and organization of cytoskeleton, and expression of certain antigens. The MPs shared the same level of procoagulant activity. We found that MPs also have distinct characteristics, depending on stimuli. These include differences in phosphatidylserine expression and expression of proteins from specific subcellular locations such as the mitochondria, and of unique antigens such as leukocyte-associated immunoglobin-like-receptor (LAIR)-1, which was found only upon stimulation with the soluble P-selectin chimera.

SOLUTION:
0