TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
PROBLEM: Context_1 : The New York Hockey Club, also known as the Hockey Club of New York, was an amateur ice hockey team from Manhattan in New York City. The New York Hockey Club played in the American Amateur Hockey League between 1897 and 1917 and won one championship title, in the 1912–13 season. Canadian ice hockey player Tom "Attie" Howard coached the 1912–13 team. Context_2 : The Spengler Cup is an annual invitational ice hockey tournament held in Davos, Switzerland. First held in 1923, the Spengler Cup is often cited as the oldest invitational ice hockey tournament in the world. The event is hosted by the Swiss team HC Davos and played each year in Davos, Switzerland, between Christmas (December 25) and New Year's Day. Currently, all games are held at Vaillant Arena. Context_3 : Louis Dufour (28 July 1901 – May 1960) was a Swiss ice hockey player who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics, in the 1924 Winter Olympics, and in the 1928 Winter Olympics. In 1920 he participated with the Swiss ice hockey team in the Summer Olympics ice hockey tournament. Four years later he was also a member of the Swiss team in the first Winter Olympics tournament. At the 1928 Olympics he won the bronze medal with the Swiss ice hockey team. Context_4 : The 2013 Spengler Cup was held in Davos, Switzerland between 26 and 31 December 2013. All matches were played at HC Davos's home known as Vaillant Arena. Six competing teams were split into two groups of three. The two groups, named Torriani and Cattini, were named after legendary Swiss hockey players Richard 'Bibi' Torriani and the Cattini brothers, Hans and Ferdinand. Context_5 : Hockey Club Davos is a professional Swiss ice hockey club based in Davos, Switzerland. Davos plays in the National League (NL). The team is usually a strong force in the league and often bolster their roster with Swiss national team players and players who once played for National Hockey League teams. HC Davos also has hosted the annual Spengler Cup tournament, an invitational competition, since 1923. Context_6 : The Birmingham Lions Ice Hockey Club (Formerly the Birmingham Eagles Ice Hockey Club) is the Ice hockey club that represents the higher education establishments of the West Midlands Conurbation. They currently play in the British Universities Ice Hockey Association. Context_7 : The Victoria Hockey Club of Montreal, Quebec, Canada was an early men's amateur ice hockey club. Its date of origin is ascribed to either 1874, 1877 or 1881, making it either the first or second organized ice hockey club after McGill University. The club played at its own rink, the Victoria Skating Rink in Montreal. The club was winners of the Stanley Cup in 1895 and held it except for a period in 1896 until 1899. The club remained amateur, splitting from the ranks of teams turned professional in 1908. The amateur hockey club was the first winner of the Allan Cup and continued in play until 1939 after its 65th season. The club often also fielded junior and intermediate teams. Context_8 : Oxford University Ice Hockey Club, also known as Oxford University Blues, is one of the world's oldest ice hockey teams. Tradition places the origin of the team in 1885, when a match is said to have been played against Cambridge University Ice Hockey Club at St Moritz. This date is recognised by the Hockey Hall of Fame, and prior to the 1985 Ice Hockey Varsity Match, the International Ice Hockey Federation formally recognised the 1885 game as the first ice hockey match played in Europe. However, there is no contemporary evidence that this match took place, and Oxford now claims that this was a bandy match. Context_9 : Thomas Neil Phillips (May 22, 1883 – November 30, 1923) was a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger. Like other players of the time, Phillips played for several different teams and leagues, and is most notable for his time with the Kenora Thistles; he also played with the Montreal Hockey Club, the Ottawa Hockey Club, the Toronto Marlboros and the Vancouver Millionaires. Phillips participated in six challenge series for the Stanley Cup, the championship trophy of hockey; his team won the Cup twice: the Montreal Hockey Club in 1903 and the Kenora Thistles in January 1907, whom he captained. One of the best defensive forwards of his era, he was also known for his all-around skill, particularly his strong shot. His younger brother, Russell, also played for the Thistles and was a member of the team when they won the Stanley Cup. When the Hockey Hall of Fame was founded in 1945, Phillips was one of the original nine inductees. Context_10 : Fife Flyers Ice Hockey Club is the oldest professional ice hockey club in the UK, established in 1938. The Flyers play their home games at Fife Ice Arena in Kirkcaldy which has a capacity of just Over 3000 (seated and standing). The arena is home to not only Fife Flyers, who play in the Elite Ice Hockey League but also to Kirkcaldy Junior Ice Hockey Club. Traditionally many of the Flyers' players have come up through the junior ranks to play at a professional level. fact_1 : The 2013 Spengler Cup was held in Davos, Switzerland between 26 and 31 December 2013. fact_2 :  All matches were played at HC Davos's home known as Vaillant Arena. fact_3 : Hockey Club Davos is a professional Swiss ice hockey club based in Davos, Switzerland. Question: The 2013 Spengler Cup were played at this Swiss ice hockey club's home, known as what?

SOLUTION: Vaillant Arena

PROBLEM: Context_1 : The Dark Ride is the ninth studio album by German power metal band Helloween, released in 2000. The album's style was quite different from "Better Than Raw" as it had a much darker sound, very tuned down guitars, and gruffer vocals. The album was produced by renowned figures Roy Z and Charlie Bauerfeind. It is also the last studio album to feature guitarist Roland Grapow and drummer Uli Kusch, both of whom were fired after completion of the supporting tour for the album. They went on to form the band Masterplan. Context_2 : Stadium Arcadium is the ninth studio album by American rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers. The album was released on May 9, 2006, on Warner Bros. Records. The album produced five singles: "Dani California", "Tell Me Baby", "Snow ((Hey Oh))", "Desecration Smile", and "Hump de Bump" along with the first ever fan made music video for the song, "Charlie". In the U.S., "Stadium Arcadium" became the band's first number one selling album. According to the band's vocalist Anthony Kiedis, "Stadium Arcadium" was originally scheduled to be a trilogy of albums each released six months apart, but was eventually condensed into a double album. The album is also the group's last to feature guitarist John Frusciante, who confirmed his departure from the band in 2009. Context_3 : Hardwired... to Self-Destruct is the tenth studio album by American heavy metal band Metallica, released as a double album on November 18, 2016 by their vanity label Blackened Recordings. It is their first studio album in eight years following "Death Magnetic" (2008), marking the longest gap between two studio albums in the band's career. It is also their first studio album not to feature songwriting credits from lead guitarist Kirk Hammett since he joined the band in 1983, and their first studio album released through Blackened. "Hardwired... to Self-Destruct" was produced by Greg Fidelman, who engineered and mixed "Death Magnetic". The album was Metallica's sixth consecutive studio album to debut at number one on the US "Billboard" 200, selling 291,000 album-equivalent units in its first week, and topping the charts in 57 countries. Having this album number one marked the second time in history that any band of any genre, along with Dave Matthews Band, would have six consecutive albums debut at number one. The album has sold over three million copies worldwide, and critical reception of the album was mostly positive. Context_4 : Te John, Grease, & Wolfman is the second studio album by country rock artist Charlie Daniels, released in 1972. The name comes from the band members' nicknames. "Grease" was keyboardist Joel DiGregorio. Charlie Daniels was just "Charlie", sometimes, "the Fat Boy". It was released in 1972, courtesy of Kama Sutra Records. Context_5 : The Art of Doing Nothing is the fourth studio album from Take That band member and singer-songwriter Mark Owen. The album was released on 7 June 2013 in Germany and 10 June 2013 in the UK, eight years since his release of his third studio album, "How the Mighty Fall". The album was produced by Charlie Russell and Bradley Spence, with additional production on two tracks by Starsmith. The album was preceded by the release of the lead single "Stars", and debuted at number 29 on the UK Albums Chart, making it his highest-charting album in the United Kingdom. It sold 6,360 copies in the UK. Context_6 : Fake Nudes is an upcoming studio album by Canadian rock band Barenaked Ladies. It is the band's twelfth full-length original-material studio album, and the band's fourth studio album since the departure of founding member Steven Page in February 2009. It was recorded from January to February 2017 at Noble Street Studios in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and is scheduled to be released on November 17, 2017. The album was formally announced on September 5, 2017 and was made available for pre-order on September 8, 2017. Online pre-orders include six instant-gratification downloads, released two per month (including two on the pre-order date): "Bringing It Home", and the lead single, "Lookin' Up". The album's lead song, "Canada Dry", was released for download on September 22, 2017. The band recorded the album with producer Gavin Brown, who has produced several recordings for the band and its members since 2013. Context_7 : Charlie Hugall (born 1984) is a British music producer, songwriter and mix engineer. He has produced and mixed records for Florence and the Machine, Ed Sheeran, Halsey, Swim Deep, Kaiser Chiefs, Lucy Rose, Crystal Fighters and others. Context_8 : Unto the Locust is the seventh full-length studio album by American groove metal band Machine Head, released in Australia on September 23, in the UK on September 26 and worldwide on September 27, 2011. The album was produced and mixed by Robb Flynn, and it was the band's highest charting album ever, charting at 22 on the "Billboard" 200, until their following release "Bloodstone & Diamonds" charted at 21. "Unto the Locust" was recorded in Green Day's Jingletown Studios. On June 14, 2011, Machine Head released the advance mix of their album track "Locust", which was included on the 2011 Mayhem Festival iTunes sampler. This would be Machine Head's last studio album with co-founder and bassist Adam Duce before he was fired due to "ongoing differences" with the band on February 11, 2013. It has sold over 100,000 copies in the United States. At just under 49 minutes long it is the band's shortest album released to date. Context_9 : Hollywood Undead is an American rap rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 2005. They released their debut album, "Swan Songs", on September 2, 2008, and their live CD/DVD "Desperate Measures", on November 10, 2009. Their second studio album, "American Tragedy", was released April 5, 2011. All of the band members use pseudonyms and wear their own unique mask, most of which are based on the common hockey goaltender design. The band members currently consist of Charlie Scene, Danny, Funny Man, J-Dog, and Johnny 3 Tears. Their third studio album, titled "Notes from the Underground", was released on January 8, 2013. Context_10 : Kaiser Chiefs are an English indie rock band from Leeds who formed in 2000 as Parva, releasing one studio album, "22", in 2003, before renaming and establishing themselves in their current name that same year. Since their formation the band consists of lead vocalist Ricky Wilson, guitarist Andrew "Whitey" White, bassist Simon Rix, keyboardist and occasional drummer Nick "Peanut" Baines and since 2013 drummer Vijay Mistry, who replaced founding drummer Nick Hodgson who left the band in late 2012. fact_1 :  He has produced and mixed records for Florence and the Machine, Ed Sheeran, Halsey, Swim Deep, Kaiser Chiefs, Lucy Rose, Crystal Fighters and others. fact_2 : Kaiser Chiefs are an English indie rock band from Leeds who formed in 2000 as Parva, releasing one studio album, "22", in 2003, before renaming and establishing themselves in their current name that same year. Question: Which band that Charlie Hugall produced for released the studio album "22"?

SOLUTION: Kaiser Chiefs

PROBLEM: Context_1 : Ángel Cappelletti (1927–1995) was a philosopher and university professor. He was born in Rosario. He studied philosophy at the Universidad Nacional de Buenos Aires where he also got his PhD degree in 1954. He moved to Venezuela in 1968 and began teaching at the Simon Bolivar University until his retirement in 1994, when he returned to Rosario. During his career he translated works from Greek and Latin and composed numerous works on Ancient philosophy as well as on the subjects os Positivism and Anarchism in Latin America. Context_2 : Eugenio Garin (May 9, 1909 – December 29, 2004) was an Italian philosopher and Renaissance historian. He was recognised as an authority on the cultural history of the Renaissance. Born at Rieti, Garin studied philosophy at the University of Florence, graduating in 1929, and after a period as professor of philosophy at the "licei scientifici di Palermo" and the University of Cagliari, Garin began teaching at his alma mater in 1949 until 1974, then moving to the Scuola Normale di Pisa until his retirement in 1984. He also was the editor of the journals "Rinascimento" and "Il Giornale Critico della Filosofia Italiana". Context_3 : Benson Mates (May 19, 1919, Portland, Oregon – May 14, 2009, Berkeley, California) was an American philosopher, noted for his work in logic, the history of philosophy, and skepticism. Mates studied philosophy and mathematics at the University of Oregon, Cornell University, and the University of California at Berkeley. Some of his teachers included J. Barkley Rosser, Harold Cherniss, and Alfred Tarski. From 1948 until his retirement in 1989, he was a professor of philosophy at Berkeley. He remained Professor Emeritus of philosophy at University of California at Berkeley until his death. Context_4 : Murata Kentarō (村田 謙太郎 , December 19, 1863 – June 27, 1892) was a Japanese dermatologist born in Iwaki, Fukushima. At 12, he went to Tokyo and studied philosophy until 1877. He entered the Tokyo University of Foreign Studies in 1874, where he studied German. He completed his medical training at Tokyo University in 1884 and in 1888 he went to Berlin on an exchange. Although he left due to illness, in Germany he studied under many prominent dermatologists, including: Georg Richard Lewin, Gustav Behrend, and Oskar Lassar at the University of Berlin; Mortiz Kaposi and Isidor Neumann at the University of Vienna in Austria. He also studied hygiene and pathology under Robert Koch, who became head of the University of Berlin in 1885. Context_5 : Dario Cabanelas Rodríguez, born in Trasalba, Ourense, Spain, December 20, 1916, and died there, September 18, 1992, may be considered one of the most important Spanish Arabists of the 20th century. After studying baccalaureate, philosophy and theology in Santiago de Compostela, he was ordained as a priest into the Franciscan Religious Order in June 23, 1940. Since 1942, he studied philosophy and humanities, Section of Semitic Philology, at Central University, called today Complutense University, in Madrid, with Extraordinary Degree Award, and he got the doctorate in June 15, 1948, about the topic "Juan de Segovia y el problema islámico", with a Special Award Doctorate. He was a holder of a scholarship and a collaborator at Miguel Asin Palacios Institute of Spanish National Research Council. He taught Arabic language and literature at the Complutense University of Madrid and from 1955 was Professor at the University of Granada. He was a disciple of Emilio Garcia Gomez, he trained a lot of professionals during four generations for more than forty years. His scientific contributions are very extensive: he wrote over 100 works, among books, articles, bibliographical reviews and reports, as well as being director of 18 doctorates, 26 master dissertations, etcetera, and lectured on the Arab and Islamic world in Spain and abroad. He specialized mainly in Arabic linguistics, literature and philosophy, and among his most outstanding works are his writings on Ibn Sida and Alonso del Castillo. Furthermore, he occupied high academic places and dignities, such as Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy and Humanities in Granada (1965-1968), Director of Department of Arabic in Granada (1972-1987), Director of the School of Arabic Studies of Spanish National Research Council in Granada (1972-1984), Membership of Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Granada (1977-1992), President of Alhambra and Generalife Council's Publications Commission (1978-1985), Membership "al honorem" of Institute for Cooperation with the Arab World of the Foreign Office in Spain (1979-1992) and others. Retired in 1985, he was named in 1987 Professor Emeritus of the University of Granada. Context_6 : Loewald's father, who died shortly after his birth, was a Jewish physician with an interest in dermatology and psychiatry; his mother a gifted musician, who played the piano. Loewald did medical training in Germany - where he also studied philosophy with Martin Heidegger, who would influence him with his theory of language - before taking a medical degree from Rome University in 1935. He practised psychiatry in Italy until 1939, before moving with his family to the United States. There he became fascinated by Freud’s theory, in which he rooted all the features of his own thinking. He did not want to create a new psychoanalytic terminology, but, although he used Freud’s terms, he gave them radically new meanings. Context_7 : Ioan Biris is a University Professor at the West University of Timișoara, Department of Philosophy and Communication Sciences, Romania. He studied philosophy (B. Sc., 1976) at the Babes-Bolyai University from Cluj-Napoca. Secondary studies in sociology. Ph D in Philosophy (1989) and Ph D in Sociology (2000). Context_8 : Martin Heidegger ( ; ] ; 26 September 188926 May 1976) was a German philosopher and a seminal thinker in the Continental tradition and philosophical hermeneutics. According to the "Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy", he is "widely acknowledged to be one of the most original and important philosophers of the 20th century". Heidegger is best known for his contributions to phenomenology and existentialism, though as the "Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy" cautions, "his thinking should be identified as part of such philosophical movements only with extreme care and qualification". Context_9 : Ioannis Kottounios, (Greek: Ἰωάννης Κωττούνιος , ; c. 1577 – 1658) was an eminent ethnic Greek scholar who studied Philosophy, Theology and Medicine, taught Greek from 1617 and Philosophy from 1630 in Bologna, Italy becoming professor of philosophy in 1632 he also founded a college for unwealthy Greeks at Padua in 1653. Context_10 : Hans Zollner is a German theologian and psychologist. He has been a member of the Jesuits since 1990. He studied philosophy and theology in Regensburg and Innsbruck. Since 2003, he has taught at the Institute of Psychology at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome. Zollner has been the academic Vice Rector of the Gregorian since 2010. fact_1 : Loewald's father, who died shortly after his birth, was a Jewish physician with an interest in dermatology and psychiatry; his mother a gifted musician, who played the piano. fact_2 :  Loewald did medical training in Germany - where he also studied philosophy with Martin Heidegger, who would influence him with his theory of language - before taking a medical degree from Rome University in 1935. fact_3 : Martin Heidegger ( ; ] ; 26 September 188926 May 1976) was a German philosopher and a seminal thinker in the Continental tradition and philosophical hermeneutics. Question: What was the nationality of the man with whom Hans Loewald studied philosophy? 

SOLUTION:
German