In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Ex Input:
Context: Animal data show that low protein intake in pregnancy programs higher offspring blood pressure, but similar data in humans are limited. We examined the associations of first and second trimester maternal protein intake with offspring blood pressure (BP) at the age of six months.', 'In a prospective US cohort study, called Project Viva, pregnant women completed validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaires (FFQ) to measure gestational protein intake. Among 947 mother-offspring pairs with first trimester dietary data and 910 pairs with second trimester data, we measured systolic blood pressure (SBP) up to five times with an automated device in the offspring at the age of six months. Controlling for blood pressure measurement conditions, maternal and infant characteristics, we examined the effect of energy-adjusted maternal protein intake on infant SBP using multivariable mixed effects models.', 'Mean daily second trimester maternal protein intake was 17.6% of energy (mean 2111 kcal/day). First trimester nutrient intakes were similar. Mean SBP at age 6 months was 90.0 mm Hg (SD 12.9). Consistent with prior reports, adjusted SBP was 1.94 mm Hg lower [95% confidence interval (CI) -3.45 to -0.42] for each kg increase in birth weight. However, we did not find an association between maternal protein intake and infant SBP. After adjusting for covariates, the effect estimates were 0.14 mm Hg (95% CI 20.12 to 20.40) for a 1% increase in energy from protein during the second trimester, and 20.01 mm Hg (95% CI 20.24 to -0.23) for a 1% increase in energy from protein in the first trimester.\Question: Is maternal protein intake associated with infant blood pressure?

Ex Output:
Variation in maternal total protein intake during pregnancy does not appear to program offspring blood pressure.


Ex Input:
Context: BDNF blood levels are reduced in MDD. They can be increased with pharmacologic treatment and ECT, but it is not clear whether the combination of treatments promotes an additional increase. The present study aims to evaluate whether combined treatment promotes an increase in BDNF, restoring the level to that of non-depressed controls.', 'Ninety-nine adult inpatients were invited to participate in this naturalistic prospective cohort study between May 2011 and April 2013. Diagnosis was made by MINI, and the symptoms were evaluated at admission and at discharge by HDRS-17. Those inpatients with a diagnosis of depression were included and divided into two groups: those who underwent combined ECT and medication (31 subjects) and those who used only pharmacotherapy (68 subjects). Serum BDNF was measured in blood samples collected at admission and discharge. One hundred healthy blood donors without any psychiatric diagnosis were included as a control group.', 'There were no significant differences in serum BDNF levels between the combined and pharmacological groups at admission and at discharge, and no significant variation in BDNF occurred in any group during the treatment. There were no interactions between time and treatment groups nor significant time effects or treatment group effects for BDNF in the Generalized Estimating Equation Model (GEE). The control group had significantly higher serum BDNF levels in comparison with each of the treatment groups at admission and discharge (p = 0.00).\Question: Is combining ECT with pharmacological treatment of depressed inpatients in a naturalistic study associated with serum BDNF level increase?

Ex Output:
Combination of ECT with pharmacological treatment did not result in increased serum BDNF levels and did not restore levels to that of controls.


Ex Input:
Context: Using sonography, the bicornate and septate uterus as causes of failure of quinacrine sterilization (QS) are explored. Whether QS can be effectively performed on women with a bicornate or septate uterus is a question answered by a presentation of three such cases.', 'Three cases presented were part of a prospective nonrandomized study of QS in 205 women requesting sterilization at the Family Planning Clinic, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Sonography was performed on all patients before, during and after QS. Quinacrine was packaged as seven pellets in a modified Copper-T IUD inserter (Sipharm, Sisseln, Switzerland). Each woman received the first transcervical insertion of 252 mg of quinacrine during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, usually immediately after menses. One month later, a second insertion was similarly performed. Patients were advised to use an alternate method of birth control for 12 weeks to allow time for scarring of the oviducts. A blood pregnancy test was done before the QS procedure.', 'The diagnosis of a septate or bicornuate uterus was made by sonography in three of the 205 patients in the study. It was obvious that quinacrine had to be inserted into the two horns of such an anomalous uterus if the dissolved drug was to enter both fallopian tubes. Quinacrine dissolved into "lakes of quinacrine," and sonographically could be seen at the top of the uterine fundus. For this clinical trial of 205 patients, there were 546 woman-years of follow-up, and the Pearl index was 0.73 per 100 woman-years (95% confidence limits: 0.02, 1.4).\Question: Does sonographic recognition of three cases of septate uteri diminish failures of quinacrine sterilization?

Ex Output:

The bicornate or septate uterus can be a cause of failure of QS if undetected. Advantages of sonography prior to, during and after QS are apparent in the three patients with septate uteri. Sonography is advantageous when performing QS by demonstrating an anomaly of the uterus, which required separate insertions of quinacrine into each horn of a septate uterus and helping to direct quinacrine into each horn of these anomalous uteri.