In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

Ex Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Student Non-Discrimination Act of 
2011''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES.

    (a) Findings.--The Congress finds the following:
            (1) Public school students who are lesbian, gay, bisexual 
        or transgender (LGBT), or are perceived to be LGBT, or who 
        associate with LGBT people, have been and are subjected to 
        pervasive discrimination, including harassment, bullying, 
        intimidation and violence, and have been deprived of equal 
        educational opportunities, in schools in every part of our 
        Nation.
            (2) While discrimination, including harassment, bullying, 
        intimidation and violence, of any kind is harmful to students 
        and to our education system, actions that target students based 
        on sexual orientation or gender identity represent a distinct 
        and especially severe problem.
            (3) Numerous social science studies demonstrate that 
        discrimination, including harassment, bullying, intimidation 
        and violence, at school has contributed to high rates of 
        absenteeism, dropout, adverse health consequences, and academic 
        underachievement among LGBT youth.
            (4) When left unchecked, discrimination, including 
        harassment, bullying, intimidation and violence, in schools 
        based on sexual orientation or gender identity can lead, and 
        has lead to, life-threatening violence and to suicide.
            (5) Public school students enjoy a variety of 
        constitutional rights, including rights to equal protection, 
        privacy, and free expression, which are infringed when school 
        officials engage in discriminatory treatment or are indifferent 
        to discrimination, including harassment, bullying, intimidation 
        and violence, on the basis of sexual orientation or gender 
        identity.
            (6) While Federal statutory protections expressly address 
        discrimination on the basis of race, color, sex, religion, 
        disability, and national origin, Federal civil rights statutes 
        do not expressly include ``sexual orientation'' or ``gender 
        identity''. As a result, students and parents have often had 
        limited legal recourse to redress for discrimination on the 
        basis of sexual orientation or gender identity.
    (b) Purposes.--The purposes of this Act are--
            (1) to ensure that all students have access to public 
        education in a safe environment free from discrimination, 
        including harassment, bullying, intimidation and violence, on 
        the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity;
            (2) to provide a comprehensive Federal prohibition of 
        discrimination in public schools based on actual or perceived 
        sexual orientation or gender identity;
            (3) to provide meaningful and effective remedies for 
        discrimination in public schools based on actual or perceived 
        sexual orientation or gender identity;
            (4) to invoke congressional powers, including but not 
        limited to the power to enforce the 14th Amendment to the 
        Constitution and to provide for the general welfare pursuant to 
        section 8 of article I of the Constitution and the power to 
        enact all laws necessary and proper for the execution of the 
        foregoing powers pursuant to section 8 of article I of the 
        Constitution, in order to prohibit discrimination in public 
        schools on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity; 
        and
            (5) to allow the Department of Education to effectively 
        combat discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender 
        identity in public schools through regulation and enforcement, 
        as the Department has issued regulations under and enforced 
        title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 and other 
        nondiscrimination laws in a manner that effectively addresses 
        discrimination.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    For purposes of this Act:
            (1) Program or activity.--The terms ``program or activity'' 
        and ``program'' have same meanings given such terms as applied 
        under section 606 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 
        2000d-4a) to the operations of public entities under paragraph 
        (2)(B) of such section.
            (2) Gender identity.--The term ``gender identity'' means 
        the gender-related identity, appearance, or mannerisms or other 
        gender-related characteristics of an individual, with or 
        without regard to the individual's designated sex at birth.
            (3) Harassment.--The term ``harassment'' means conduct that 
        is sufficiently severe, persistent, or pervasive to limit a 
        student's ability to participate in or benefit from a public 
        school education program or activity, or to create a hostile or 
        abusive educational environment at a public school, including 
        acts of verbal, nonverbal, or physical aggression, 
        intimidation, or hostility, if such conduct is based on--
                    (A) a student's actual or perceived sexual 
                orientation or gender identity; or
                    (B) the actual or perceived sexual orientation or 
                gender identity of a person or persons with whom a 
                student associates or has associated.
            (4) Public schools.--The term ``public schools'' means 
        public elementary and secondary schools, including local 
        educational agencies, educational service agencies, and State 
        educational agencies, as defined in section 9101 of the 
        Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965.
            (5) Sexual orientation.--The term ``sexual orientation'' 
        means homosexuality, heterosexuality, or bisexuality.
            (6) Student.--The term ``student'' means an individual who 
        is enrolled in a public school or who, regardless of official 
        enrollment status, attends classes or participates in a public 
        school's programs or educational activities.

SEC. 4. PROHIBITION AGAINST DISCRIMINATION; EXCEPTIONS.

    (a) In General.--No student shall, on the basis of actual or 
perceived sexual orientation or gender identity of such individual or 
of a person with whom the student associates or has associated, be 
excluded from participation in, or be denied the benefits of, or be 
subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving 
Federal financial assistance.
    (b) Harassment.--For purposes of this Act, discrimination includes, 
but is not limited to, harassment of a student on the basis of actual 
or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity of such student or 
of a person with whom the student associates or has associated.
    (c) Retaliation Prohibited.--
            (1) Prohibition.--No person shall be excluded from 
        participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to 
        discrimination, retaliation, or reprisal under any program or 
        activity receiving Federal financial assistance based on his or 
        her opposition to conduct made unlawful by this Act.
            (2) Definition.--For purposes of this subsection, 
        ``opposition to conduct made unlawful by this Act'' includes, 
        but is not limited to--
                    (A) opposition to conduct reasonably believed to be 
                made unlawful by this Act,
                    (B) any formal or informal report, whether oral or 
                written, to any governmental entity, including public 
                schools and employees thereof, regarding conduct made 
                unlawful by this Act or reasonably believed to be made 
                unlawful by this Act,
                    (C) participation in any investigation, proceeding, 
                or hearing related to conduct made unlawful by this Act 
                or reasonably believed to be made unlawful by this Act, 
                and
                    (D) assistance or encouragement provided to any 
                other person in the exercise or enjoyment of any right 
                granted or protected by this Act,
        if in the course of that expression, the person involved does 
        not purposefully provide information known to be false to any 
        public school or other governmental entity regarding a 
        violation, or alleged violation, of this Act.

SEC. 5. FEDERAL ADMINISTRATIVE ENFORCEMENT; REPORT TO CONGRESSIONAL 
              COMMITTEES.

    Each Federal department and agency which is empowered to extend 
Federal financial assistance to any education program or activity, by 
way of grant, loan, or contract other than a contract of insurance or 
guaranty, is authorized and directed to effectuate the provisions of 
section 4 of this Act with respect to such program or activity by 
issuing rules, regulations, or orders of general applicability which 
shall be consistent with achievement of the objectives of the Act 
authorizing the financial assistance in connection with which the 
action is taken. No such rule, regulation, or order shall become 
effective unless and until approved by the President. Compliance with 
any requirement adopted pursuant to this section may be effected--
            (1) by the termination of or refusal to grant or to 
        continue assistance under such program or activity to any 
        recipient as to whom there has been an express finding on the 
        record, after opportunity for hearing, of a failure to comply 
        with such requirement, but such termination or refusal shall be 
        limited to the particular political entity, or part thereof, or 
        other recipient as to whom such a finding has been made, and 
        shall be limited in its effect to the particular program, or 
        part thereof, in which such noncompliance has been so found, or
            (2) by any other means authorized by law,
except that no such action shall be taken until the department or 
agency concerned has advised the appropriate person or persons of the 
failure to comply with the requirement and has determined that 
compliance cannot be secured by voluntary means. In the case of any 
action terminating, or refusing to grant or continue, assistance 
because of failure to comply with a requirement imposed pursuant to 
this section, the head of the Federal department or agency shall file 
with the committees of the House and Senate having legislative 
jurisdiction over the program or activity involved a full written 
report of the circumstances and the grounds for such action. No such 
action shall become effective until 30 days have elapsed after the 
filing of such report.

SEC. 6. CAUSE OF ACTION.

    (a) Cause of Action.--Subject to subsection (c) of this section, an 
aggrieved individual may assert a violation of this Act in a judicial 
proceeding. Aggrieved persons may be awarded all appropriate relief, 
including but not limited to equitable relief, compensatory damages, 
cost of the action, and remedial action.
    (b) Rule of Construction.--This section shall not be construed to 
preclude an aggrieved individual from obtaining other remedies under 
any other provision of law or to require such individual to exhaust any 
administrative complaint process or notice-of-claim requirement before 
seeking redress under this section.
    (c) Statute of Limitations.--For actions brought pursuant to this 
section, the statute of limitations period shall be determined in 
accordance with section 1658(a) of title 28 of the United States Code. 
The tolling of any such limitations period shall be determined in 
accordance with the law governing actions under section 1979 of the 
Revised Statutes (42 U.S.C. 1983) in the forum State.

SEC. 7. STATE IMMUNITY.

    (a) State Immunity.--A State shall not be immune under the 11th 
Amendment to the Constitution of the United States from suit in Federal 
court for a violation of this Act.
    (b) Waiver.--A State's receipt or use of Federal financial 
assistance for any program or activity of a State shall constitute a 
waiver of sovereign immunity, under the 11th Amendment to the 
Constitution or otherwise, to a suit brought by an aggrieved individual 
for a violation of section 4 of this Act.
    (c) Remedies.--In a suit against a State for a violation of this 
Act, remedies (including remedies both at law and in equity) are 
available for such a violation to the same extent as such remedies are 
available for such a violation in the suit against any public or 
private entity other than a State.

SEC. 8. ATTORNEY'S FEES.

    Section 722(b) of the Revised Statutes (42 U.S.C. 1988(b)) is 
amended by inserting ``the Student Nondiscrimination Act of 2011,'' 
after ``Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act of 
2000,''.

SEC. 9. EFFECT ON OTHER LAWS.

    (a) Federal and State Nondiscrimination Laws.--Nothing in this Act 
shall be construed to preempt, invalidate, or limit rights, remedies, 
procedures, or legal standards available to victims of discrimination 
or retaliation under any other Federal law or law of a State or 
political subdivision of a State, including title VI of the Civil 
Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.), title IX of the Education 
Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.), section 504 of the 
Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794), the Americans with 
Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.), or section 1979 of 
the Revised Statutes (42 U.S.C. 1983). The obligations imposed by this 
Act are in addition to those imposed by title IX of the Education 
Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.), title VI of the Civil 
Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.), and the Americans with 
Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.).
    (b) Free Speech and Expression Laws and Religious Student Groups.--
Nothing in this Act shall be construed to alter legal standards 
regarding, or affect the rights available to individuals or groups 
under, other Federal laws that establish protections for freedom of 
speech and expression, such as legal standards and rights available to 
religious and other student groups under the 1st Amendment to the 
Constitution and the Equal Access Act (20 U.S.C. 4071 et seq.).

SEC. 10. SEVERABILITY.

    If any provision of this Act, or any application of such provision 
to any person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the 
remainder of this Act, and the application of the provision to any 
other person or circumstance shall not be affected.

SEC. 11. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    This Act shall take effect 60 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act and shall not apply to conduct occurring before the 
effective date of this Act.

Ex Output:
Student Non-Discrimination Act of 2011 - Prohibits public school students from being excluded from participating in, or subject to discrimination under, any federally-assisted educational program on the basis of their actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity or that of their associates.

Considers harassment to be a form of discrimination.

Prohibits retaliation against anyone for opposing conduct they reasonably believe to be unlawful under this Act.

Authorizes federal departments and agencies to enforce these prohibitions by cutting off the educational assistance of recipients found to be violating them.

Allows an aggrieved individual to assert a violation of this Act in a judicial proceeding and recover reasonable attorney's fees should they prevail.

Deems a state's receipt of federal educational assistance for a program to constitute a waiver of sovereign immunity for conduct prohibited under this Act regarding such program.


Ex Input:
SECTION 1. ENERGY ASSISTANCE FUND.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Fund.--The term ``Fund'' means the Energy Assistance 
        Fund established by subsection (b).
            (2) Secretary concerned.--The term ``Secretary concerned'' 
        means, with respect to programs carried out by each Secretary--
                    (A) the Secretary of Agriculture;
                    (B) the Secretary of Energy;
                    (C) the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development;
                    (D) the Secretary of Transportation; and
                    (E) the Administrator of the Small Business 
                Administration.
    (b) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of the 
United States a revolving fund, to be known as the ``Energy Assistance 
Fund'', consisting of such amounts as are appropriated to the Fund 
under subsection (h)(1).
    (c) Expenditures From Fund.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), on request by 
        the Secretary concerned, the Secretary of the Treasury shall 
        transfer from the Fund to the Secretary concerned such amounts 
        as the Secretary concerned determines are necessary to provide 
        to carry out 1 or more qualified purposes described in 
        subsections (d), (e), and (f).
            (2) Administrative expenses.--An amount not exceeding 10 
        percent of the amounts in the Fund shall be available for each 
        fiscal year to pay the administrative expenses necessary to 
        carry out this section.
    (d) Low-Interest Loan Guarantees for Purchase and Installation of 
Qualifying Energy Efficient Property.--
            (1) In general.--To the extent that the Secretary concerned 
        has authority under other law to make or guarantee loans or 
        grants to persons to purchase and install qualifying property, 
        the Secretary concerned may guarantee loans made to eligible 
        United States persons for the purchase and installation of 
        qualifying property.
            (2) Qualifying property.--For the purpose of paragraph (1), 
        qualifying property means--
                    (A) any component which constitutes a qualified 
                energy efficiency improvement (as defined in section 
                25C(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986);
                    (B) property to heat water for use in a dwelling 
                unit located in the United States and used a residence 
                by the person if at least half of the energy used by 
                such property for such purpose is derived from the sun;
                    (C) property which uses solar energy to generate 
                electricity for use in a dwelling unit located in the 
                United States and used by the person (in the case of an 
                individual) as a residence;
                    (D) qualified fuel cell property (as defined in 
                section 48(c)(1) of that Code) installed on or in 
                connection with a dwelling unit located in the United 
                States and used as a principal residence (within the 
                meaning of section 121 of that Code) by the person (in 
                the case of an individual); or
                    (E) a compliant stove (as defined in section 
                25E(c)(2) of that Code) which--
                            (i) is installed in a dwelling unit located 
                        in the United States; and
                            (ii) replaces a noncompliant stove (as 
                        defined in section 25E(c)(3) of that Code) used 
                        in such dwelling unit.
            (3) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a loan 
        guarantee under this subsection, a person that is an individual 
        shall have a household income of not to exceed 115 percent of 
        the national median household income, as determined by the 
        Secretary concerned.
            (4) Use of loan.--The recipient of a loan guaranteed under 
        this subsection may use the loan only to fund improvements to 
        property owned by, and for the benefit of, the recipient.
            (5) Amount.--The amount of a loan made to a person that is 
        guaranteed under this subsection shall equal the lesser of--
                    (A) 90 percent of the difference between--
                            (i) the cost incurred by the person for the 
                        purchase and installation of the qualifying 
                        property, as approved by the Secretary; and
                            (ii) the amount of any credit allowable to 
                        the person with respect to such property under 
                        section 25C, 25D, or 25E, of the Internal 
                        Revenue Code of 1986; or
                    (B) $30,000.
            (6) Term of loans.--A loan guaranteed under this subsection 
        shall have a term of not to exceed 15 years.
    (e) Low-Interest Loan Guarantees for Purchase and Installation of 
Idling Reduction and Advanced Insulation for Heavy Trucks.--
            (1) In general.--To the extent that the Secretary concerned 
        has authority under other law to make or guarantee loans or 
        grants to persons to purchase and install idling reduction 
        devices described in section 4053(9) of the Internal Revenue 
        Code of 1986 or advanced insulation described in section 
        4053(10) of such Code, the Secretary concerned may guarantee 
        loans made to United States persons for the purchase and 
        installation of such idling reduction devices and advanced 
        insulation.
            (2) Use of loan.--The recipient of a loan guaranteed under 
        this subsection may use the loan only to fund improvements to 
        property owned by, and for the benefit of, the recipient.
            (3) Amount.--
                    (A) In general.--The amount of a loan made to a 
                person that is guaranteed under this subsection shall 
                equal 90 percent of the difference between--
                            (i) the cost incurred by the person for the 
                        purchase and installation of the idling 
                        reduction devices and advanced insulation 
                        described in subsection (a), as approved by the 
                        Secretary concerned; and
                            (ii) 12 percent of the amount for which the 
                        idling reduction devices or advanced insulation 
                        was sold.
                    (B) Special rules.--In the case of any property 
                described in paragraphs (2), (3), or (4) of section 
                4051(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, the 
                amount determined under subparagraph (A) shall be zero.
                    (C) Determination of price.--Rules similar to the 
                rules of section 4052(b) of the Internal Revenue Code 
                of 1986 shall apply for purposes of subparagraph (B).
            (4) Loan terms.--The Secretary concerned shall establish 
        terms for loans guaranteed under this subsection, as determined 
        by the Secretary concerned.
    (f) Low-Interest Loan Guarantees for Purchase and Installation of 
Alternative Refueling Stations.--
            (1) In general.--To the extent that the Secretary concerned 
        has authority under other law to make or guarantee loans or 
        grants to persons for the purchase and installation of any 
        qualified alternative fuel vehicle refueling property (as 
        defined in section 30C(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
        1986), the Secretary concerned may guarantee loans made to 
        United States persons for the purchase and installation of any 
        such qualified alternative fuel vehicle refueling property 
        placed in service by the person during a taxable year.
            (2) Use of loan.--The recipient of a loan guaranteed under 
        this subsection may use the loan only to fund improvements to 
        property owned by, and for the benefit of, the recipient.
            (3) Amount.--The amount of a loan made to a person that is 
        guaranteed under this subsection shall equal 90 percent of the 
        difference between--
                    (A) the cost incurred by the person for the 
                purchase and installation of the qualified alternative 
                fuel vehicle refueling property described in paragraph 
                (1), as approved by the Secretary concerned; and
                    (B) the amount of any credit allowable to the 
                person under section 30C of the Internal Revenue Code 
                of 1986.
            (4) Loan terms.--The Secretary concerned shall establish 
        terms for loans guaranteed under this subsection, as determined 
        by the Secretary concerned.
    (g) Transfers of Amounts.--
            (1) In general.--The amounts required to be transferred to 
        the Fund under this section shall be transferred at least 
        monthly from the general fund of the Treasury to the Fund on 
        the basis of estimates made by the Secretary of the Treasury.
            (2) Adjustments.--Proper adjustment shall be made in 
        amounts subsequently transferred to the extent prior estimates 
        were in excess of or less than the amounts required to be 
        transferred.
    (h) Funding.--
            (1) Mandatory funding.--
                    (A) In general.--Notwithstanding any other 
                provision of law, on October 1, 2009, out of any funds 
                in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the 
                Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer to the Fund 
                for the cost of loans to carry out the purposes of the 
                Fund $1,000,000,000, to remain available until 
                expended.
                    (B) Receipt and acceptance.--The Fund shall be 
                entitled to receive, shall accept, and shall use to 
                carry out the purposes of the Fund the funds 
                transferred under subparagraph (A), without further 
                appropriation. 
            (2) Authorization of appropriations.--
                    (A) In general.--In addition to the amount made 
                available under paragraph (1), there are authorized to 
                be appropriated to the Fund such sums as are necessary 
                to carry out the purposes of the Fund.
                    (B) Additional funding.--To the extent that a 
                Secretary described in subsection (a) has authority 
                under other law to make or guarantee loans or grants 
                described in subsection (d)(1), (e)(1), or (f)(1), in 
                addition to any other funds made available to carry out 
                that authority under any other provision of law, there 
                are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary such 
                sums as are necessary for the Secretary to provide 
                additional loans, loan guarantees, or grants under that 
                authority.

Ex Output:
Establishes in the Treasury the Energy Assistance Fund.

Directs the Secretary of the Treasury, upon request of the Secretary concerned, to transfer amounts from the Fund to that Secretary to make or guarantee low-interest loans or grants to U.S. persons to purchase and install: (1) qualifying energy efficient property in their principal dwelling (i.e., solar powered property to heat water or generate electricity, fuel cells, or compliant stoves); (2) idling reduction devices or advanced insulation in heavy trucks; and (3) qualified alternative fuel vehicle refueling property at a station.


Ex Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Safe Teen and Novice Driver Uniform 
Protection Act of 2011'' or the ``STANDUP Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration has 
        reported that--
                    (A) motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of 
                death of Americans between 15 and 20 years of age;
                    (B) between 1999 and 2009, more than 90,000 
                Americans were killed in motor vehicle crashes 
                involving drivers between 15 and 20 years of age, an 
                average of 155 deaths per week;
                    (C) drivers between 16 and 20 years of age have a 
                fatality rate that is 4 times higher than the rate for 
                drivers between 25 and 70 years of age; and
                    (D) teenage drivers who are 16 years of age have a 
                motor vehicle crash rate that is almost 10 times higher 
                than the crash rate for drivers between 30 and 60 years 
                of age.
            (2) The National Transportation Safety Board found that 
        during the most recent 10-year period--
                    (A) teen drivers comprised less than 7 percent of 
                the driving population and accounted for more than 13 
                percent of drivers involved in all deadly crashes; and
                    (B) more than 20 percent of all highway fatalities 
                occurred in crashes that involved teen drivers.
            (3) Analysis by the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia 
        Research Institute shows that--
                    (A) teenage drivers comprise approximately 40 
                percent of the fatalities in motor vehicle crashes in 
                which they are involved; and
                    (B) the other 60 percent of the fatalities in those 
                crashes are--
                            (i) passengers who were riding in the 
                        vehicle with the teen driver;
                            (ii) drivers and passengers in other 
                        vehicles involved in a crash with the teen 
                        driver's vehicle; and
                            (iii) pedestrians.
            (4) According to the Insurance Institute for Highway 
        Safety--
                    (A) the chance that a vehicle driven by a 16- or 
                17-year-old will be involved in an accident--
                            (i) doubles when there are 2 other teens in 
                        the vehicle; and
                            (ii) quadruples when there are 4 teens in 
                        the vehicle;
                    (B) States with strong nighttime driving 
                restrictions experience lower fatal crash rates among 
                drivers ages 15 to 17 years old; and
                    (C) a higher age requirement for licensing teen 
                drivers is correlated with a lower number of fatal 
                crashes per capita.
            (5) The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration has 
        found that distraction caused by cellular phones is significant 
        enough to degrade driver performance, and is particularly 
        dangerous for inexperienced drivers between 15 and 20 years of 
        age.
            (6) That National Transportation Safety Board has found 
        that although only 20 percent of driving by teenage drivers 
        occurs at night, more than 50 percent of the motor vehicle 
        crash fatalities involving teenage drivers occur at night.
            (7) According to a 2007 report from the Texas 
        Transportation Institute at Texas A&M University--
                    (A) teenage drivers in rural areas are less likely 
                to be aware of the risks and dangers associated with 
                driving, placing them at higher risk of involvement in 
                crashes;
                    (B) teen drivers are more likely than other 
                drivers--
                            (i) to drive with other teenage passengers;
                            (ii) to drive late at night;
                            (iii) to exceed the speed limit;
                            (iv) to use cell phones while driving; and
                            (v) to fail to use seat belts while 
                        driving.
            (8) The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 
        reports that although 23 percent of the population of the 
        United States lives in rural areas, 57 percent of all traffic 
        fatalities occur on rural roads, underscoring the elevated 
        crash risk for teen drivers in rural areas.
            (9) The American Academy of Pediatrics has found evidence 
        that the area of the brain responsible for planning, impulse 
        control, and executive decisionmaking does not fully mature 
        until a person is between 20 and 25 years of age, placing teen 
        drivers at greater risk of being involved in an accident.
            (10) The Journal of the American Medical Association 
        reports that after Michigan and North Carolina adopted 
        comprehensive graduated driver licensing systems in 1997, 
        crashes involving 16-year-old drivers decreased by 25 percent 
        in Michigan and by 27 percent in North Carolina.
            (11) According to the Office of the Illinois Secretary of 
        State, teen driving deaths dropped by over 40 percent in 
        Illinois in the first full year following the 2007 
        implementation of a stronger graduated driver licensing law.
            (12) The National Transportation Safety Board reports that 
        over 40 States and the District of Columbia have implemented 
        some type of 3-stage graduated driver licensing system. 
        However, most States have not yet enacted all of the lifesaving 
        safety features of graduated driver licensing laws recommended 
        by the National Transportation Safety Board and supported by 
        research to protect the lives of teenage and novice drivers.
            (13) A 2010 national survey by the Insurance Institute of 
        Highway Safety indicates that--
                    (A) parents of teens favor graduated driver 
                licensing laws that are as strict or stricter than 
                those that currently exist in any State;
                    (B) \2/3\ of parents of teens believe that young 
                drivers should begin learning to drive at 16 years of 
                age or older;
                    (C) more than \1/2\ of parents of teens believe 
                that the minimum licensing age should be 17 years of 
                age or older;
                    (D) 90 percent of parents of teens support a 
                restriction on unsupervised nighttime driving;
                    (E) more than 75 percent of parents of teens 
                believe that the restriction on unsupervised nighttime 
                driving should begin at 10 p.m. or earlier;
                    (F) 89 percent of parents of teens support 
                restrictions on teen passengers; and
                    (G) more than 75 percent of parents of teens 
                believe that teen drivers should not be permitted to 
                more than 1 teen passenger in their vehicle.

SEC. 3. STATE GRADUATED DRIVER LICENSING LAWS.

    (a) Minimum Requirements.--
            (1) In general.--A State is in compliance with this section 
        if the State has a graduated driver licensing law that requires 
        novice drivers younger than 21 years of age to comply with the 
        2-stage licensing process described in paragraph (2) before 
        receiving an unrestricted driver's license.
            (2) Licensing process.--A State is in compliance with the 
        2-stage licensing process described in this paragraph if the 
        State's driver's license laws include--
                    (A) a learner's permit stage that--
                            (i) commences at 16 years of age or older;
                            (ii) is at least 6 months in duration;
                            (iii) prohibits the driver from using a 
                        cellular telephone or any communications device 
                        in a nonemergency situation; and
                            (iv) remains in effect until--
                                    (I) the commencement of the 
                                intermediate stage; or
                                    (II) the driver reaches 18 years of 
                                age;
                    (B) an intermediate stage that--
                            (i) commences immediately after the 
                        expiration of the learner's permit stage;
                            (ii) is at least 6 months in duration;
                            (iii) prohibits the driver from using a 
                        cellular telephone or any communications device 
                        in a nonemergency situation;
                            (iv) prohibits driving at night;
                            (v) prohibits the driver from operating a 
                        motor vehicle with more than 1 non-familial 
                        passenger younger than 21 years of age unless a 
                        licensed driver who is at least 21 years of age 
                        is in the motor vehicle; and
                            (vi) remains in effect until the driver 
                        reaches 18 years of age; and
                    (C) any other requirement that the Secretary of 
                Transportation may require, including--
                            (i) in the learner's permit stage--
                                    (I) at least 40 hours of behind-
                                the-wheel training with a licensed 
                                driver who is at least 21 years of age;
                                    (II) a driver training course; and
                                    (III) a requirement that any such 
                                driver be accompanied and supervised by 
                                a licensed driver who is at least 21 
                                years of age at all times while such 
                                driver is operating a motor vehicle; 
                                and
                            (ii) in the learner's permit or 
                        intermediate stage, a requirement that, in 
                        addition to any other penalties imposed by 
                        State law, the grant of an unrestricted 
                        driver's license be automatically delayed for 
                        any individual who, during the learner's permit 
                        or intermediate stage, is convicted of a 
                        driving-related offense, such as--
                                    (I) driving while intoxicated;
                                    (II) misrepresentation of his or 
                                her true age;
                                    (III) reckless driving;
                                    (IV) driving without wearing a seat 
                                belt;
                                    (V) speeding; or
                                    (VI) any other driving-related 
                                offense, as determined by the 
                                Secretary.
    (b) Rulemaking.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Transportation shall 
        promulgate regulations necessary to implement this section in 
        accordance with the notice and comment provisions under section 
        553 of title 5, United States.
            (2) Exception.--A State that otherwise meets the minimum 
        requirements set forth in subsection (a) shall be deemed by the 
        Secretary to be in compliance with this section regardless of 
        whether a State law, which was enacted by the State before 
        January 1, 2011, establishes a class of license that permits 
        licensees younger than 18 years of age to drive a motor vehicle 
        in connection with work performed on or for the operation of a 
        farm owned by family members who are directly related to the 
        licensees.

SEC. 4. INCENTIVE GRANTS.

    (a) In General.--For each of the first 3 fiscal years beginning 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Transportation shall award a grant to any State that submits an 
application under subsection (b) if that State is in compliance with 
section 3(a) on or before the first day of that fiscal year.
    (b) Application.--
            (1) In general.--Any State desiring a grant under this 
        section shall submit an application to the Secretary of 
        Transportation at such time, in such manner, and containing 
        such information as the Secretary may require, including a 
        certification by the Governor of the State that the State is in 
        compliance with section 3(a).
            (2) Review.--The Secretary shall review each State 
        application and determine whether or not the State is in 
        compliance with section 3(a).
    (c) Grants.--Amounts appropriated to carry out this section for 
each fiscal year shall be apportioned to each State that is in 
compliance with section 3(a) in an amount determined by multiplying--
            (1) the amount appropriated to carry out this section for 
        such fiscal year; by
            (2) the ratio that the amount of funds apportioned to each 
        such State for such fiscal year under section 402 of title 23, 
        United States Code, bears to the total amount of funds 
        apportioned to all such States for such fiscal year under such 
        section.
    (d) Use of Funds.--Amounts received by a State from a grant awarded 
under this section may be used for--
            (1) enforcing a 2-stage licensing process that complies 
        with section 3(a)(2);
            (2) training for law enforcement personnel and other 
        relevant State agency personnel relating to the enforcement 
        described in paragraph (1);
            (3) publishing relevant educational materials that pertain 
        directly or indirectly to the State graduated driver licensing 
        law; and
            (4) carrying out other administrative activities that the 
        Secretary considers relevant to the State's 2-stage licensing 
        process.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated $25,000,000, out of the Highway Trust Fund (other than the 
Mass Transit Account), to carry out this section during each fiscal 
year described in subsection (a).

SEC. 5. WITHHOLDING OF FUNDS FOR NONCOMPLIANCE.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Fourth fiscal year.--On the first day of the fourth 
        fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this 
        Act, the Secretary shall withhold 3 percent of the amount 
        otherwise required to be apportioned to any State for such 
        fiscal year under each of the paragraphs (1), (3), and (4) of 
        section 104(b) of title 23, United States Code, if the State is 
        not in compliance with section 3(a) on the first day of such 
        fiscal year.
            (2) Fifth fiscal year.--On the first day of the fifth 
        fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this 
        Act, the Secretary shall withhold 5 percent of the amount 
        otherwise required to be apportioned to any State for such 
        fiscal year under each of the paragraphs (1), (3), and (4) of 
        section 104(b) of title 23, United States Code, if that State 
        is not in compliance with section 3(a) on the first day of such 
        fiscal year.
            (3) Sixth and subsequent fiscal years.--On the first day of 
        each fiscal year after the fifth fiscal year beginning after 
        the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
        withhold 10 percent of the amount otherwise required to be 
        apportioned to any State for such fiscal year under each of the 
        paragraphs (1), (3), and (4) of section 104(b) of title 23, 
        United States Code, if that State is not in compliance with 
        section 3(a) on the first day of such fiscal year.
    (b) Period of Availability of Withheld Funds.--
            (1) Funds withheld before the end of the sixth fiscal 
        year.--Any amount withheld from any State under subsection (a) 
        on or before the last day of the sixth fiscal year beginning 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, shall remain 
        available for distribution to the State under subsection (c) 
        until the end of the third fiscal year following the fiscal 
        year for which such amount is appropriated.
            (2) Funds withheld after the sixth fiscal year.--Any amount 
        withheld under subsection (a)(2) from any State after the end 
        of the sixth fiscal year beginning after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, may not be distributed to the State.
    (c) Apportionment of Withheld Funds After Compliance.--
            (1) In general.--If, before the last day of the period for 
        which funds withheld under subsection (a) remain available to a 
        State under subsection (b), the State comes into compliance 
        with section 3(a), the Secretary of Transportation shall, on 
        the first day on which the Secretary determines the State has 
        come into compliance, distribute to the State any amounts 
        withheld under subsection (a) that remains available for 
        apportionment to the State.
            (2) Period of availability of subsequently apportioned 
        funds.--Any amount distributed under paragraph (1) shall remain 
        available for expenditure by the State until the end of the 
        third fiscal year following the year for which the funds are so 
        apportioned. Any amount not expended by the State by the end of 
        such period shall revert back to the Treasury of the United 
        States.
            (3) Effect of noncompliance.--If a State is not in 
        compliance with section 3(a) at the end of the period for which 
        any amount withheld under subsection (a) remains available for 
        distribution to the State under subsection (b), such amount 
        shall revert back to the Treasury of the United States.

Ex Output:

Safe Teen and Novice Driver Uniform Protection Act of 2011 or STANDUP Act - Authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to award incentive grants to states with graduated driver licensing laws that require novice drivers younger than age 21 to comply with a two-stage licensing process before receiving an unrestricted driver's license.

Requires such laws, at a minimum, to include: (1) a learner's permit stage that commences at age 16 or older, lasts at least six months, prohibits driver use of a cellular phone or other communications device in nonemergency situations, and remains in effect until commencement of the intermediate stage or the driver attains age 18; (2) an intermediate stage in effect until the driver attains age 18 that commences immediately after expiration of the learner's permit stage, lasts at least six months, prohibits driver use of a cellular phone or other communications device in nonemergency situations, prohibits nighttime driving, prohibits more than one non-familial passenger under age 21 unless there is a licensed driver at least age 21 present in the vehicle; and (3) any other requirement that the Secretary may require.

Deems a state that meets such minimum requirements to be in compliance regardless of whether a state law, enacted before January 1, 2011, establishes a class of license that permits licensees younger than age 18 to drive a motor vehicle in connection with work performed on or for the operation of a farm owned by family members of the licensees.

Directs the Secretary to withhold a certain percentage of federal-aid highway funds from states that do not comply with the requirements of this Act.