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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Cancer Screening and Prevention 
Act''.

SEC. 2. MEDICARE COVERAGE OF COLORECTAL SCREENING.

    (a) In General.--Section 1834 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
1395m) is amended by inserting after subsection (c) the following new 
subsection:
    ``(d) Frequency and Payment Limits for Screening Fecal-Occult Blood 
Tests, Screening Flexible Sigmoidoscopies, and Screening Colonoscopy.--
            ``(1) Screening fecal-occult blood tests.--
                    ``(A) Payment limit.--In establishing fee schedules 
                under section 1833(h) with respect to screening fecal-
                occult blood tests provided for the purpose of early 
                detection of colon cancer, except as provided by the 
                Secretary under paragraph (3)(A), the payment amount 
                established for tests performed--
                            ``(i) in 1996 shall not exceed $5; and
                            ``(ii) in a subsequent year, shall not 
                        exceed the limit on the payment amount 
                        established under this subsection for such 
                        tests for the preceding year, adjusted by the 
                        applicable adjustment under section 1833(h) for 
                        tests performed in such year.
                    ``(B) Frequency limit.--Subject to revision by the 
                Secretary under paragraph (3)(B), no payment may be 
                made under this part for a screening fecal-occult blood 
                test provided to an individual for the purpose of early 
                detection of colon cancer--
                            ``(i) if the individual is under 50 years 
                        of age; or
                            ``(ii) if the test is performed within the 
                        11 months after a previous screening fecal-
                        occult blood test.
            ``(2) Screening flexible sigmoid- oscopies.--
                    ``(A) Payment amount.--The Secretary shall 
                establish a payment amount under section 1848 with 
                respect to screening flexible sigmoidoscopies provided 
                for the purpose of early detection of colon cancer that 
                is consistent with payment amounts under such section 
                for similar or related services, except that such 
                payment amount shall be established without regard to 
                subsection (a)(2)(A) of such section.
                    ``(B) Frequency limit.--Subject to revision by the 
                Secretary under paragraph (4)(B), no payment may be 
                made under this part for a screening flexible 
                sigmoidoscopy provided to an individual for the purpose 
                of early detection of colon cancer--
                            ``(i) if the individual is under 50 years 
                        of age; or
                            ``(ii) if the procedure is performed within 
                        the 47 months after a previous screening 
                        flexible sigmoidoscopy.
            ``(3) Screening colonoscopy for individuals at high risk 
        for colorectal cancer.--
                    ``(A) Payment amount.--The Secretary shall 
                establish a payment amount under section 1848 with 
                respect to screening colonoscopy for individuals at 
                high risk for colorectal cancer (as defined in 
                subparagraph (C)) provided for the purpose of early 
                detection of colon cancer that is consistent with 
                payment amounts under such section for similar or 
                related services, except that such payment amount shall 
                be established without regard to subsection (a)(2)(A) 
                of such section.
                    ``(B) Frequency limit.--Subject to revision by the 
                Secretary under paragraph (4)(B), no payment may be 
                made under this part for a screening colonoscopy for 
                individuals at high
                 risk for colorectal cancer provided to an individual 
for the purpose of early detection of colon cancer if the procedure is 
performed within the 23 months after a previous screening colonoscopy.
                    ``(C) Individual at high risk defined.--In this 
                subsection, an `individual at high risk for colorectal 
                cancer' is an individual who, because of family 
                history, prior experience of cancer or precursor 
                neoplastic polyps, a history of chronic digestive 
                disease condition (including inflammatory bowel 
                disease, Crohn's Disease, or ulcerative colitis), the 
                presence of any appropriate recognized gene markers for 
                colorectal cancer, or other predisposing factors, faces 
                a high risk for colorectal cancer.
            ``(4) Reductions in payment limit and revision of 
        frequency.--
                    ``(A) Reductions in payment limit.--The Secretary 
                shall review from time to time the appropriateness of 
                the amount of the payment limit established for 
                screening fecal-occult blood tests under paragraph 
                (1)(A). The Secretary may, with respect to tests 
                performed in a year after 1998, reduce the amount of 
                such
                 limit as it applies nationally or in any area to the 
amount that the Secretary estimates is required to assure that such 
tests of an appropriate quality are readily and conveniently available 
during the year.
                    ``(B) Revision of frequency.--
                            ``(i) Review.--The Secretary shall review 
                        periodically the appropriate frequency for 
                        performing screening fecal-occult blood tests, 
                        screening flexible sigmoidoscopies, and 
                        screening colonoscopy based on age and such 
                        other factors as the Secretary believes to be 
                        pertinent.
                            ``(ii) Revision of frequency.--The 
                        Secretary, taking into consideration the review 
                        made under clause (i), may revise from time to 
                        time the frequency with which such tests and 
                        procedures may be paid for under this 
                        subsection, but no such revision shall apply to 
                        tests or procedures performed before January 1, 
                        1999.
            ``(5) Limiting charges of nonparticipating physicians.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In the case of a screening 
                flexible sigmoidoscopy provided to an individual for 
                the purpose of early detection of colon cancer or a 
                screening colonoscopy provided to an individual at high 
                risk for colorectal cancer for the purpose of early 
                detection of colon cancer for which payment may be made 
                under this part, if a nonparticipating physician 
                provides the procedure to an individual enrolled under 
                this part, the physician may not charge the individual 
                more than the limiting charge (as defined in section 
                1848(g)(2)).
                    ``(B) Enforcement.--If a physician or supplier 
                knowing and willfully imposes a charge in violation of 
                subparagraph (A), the Secretary may apply sanctions 
                against such physician or supplier in accordance with 
                section 1842(j)(2).''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--(1) Paragraphs (1)(D) and (2)(D) of 
section 1833(a) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395l(a)) are each amended by 
striking ``subsection (h)(1),'' and inserting ``subsection (h)(1) or 
section 1834(d)(1),''.
    (2) Section 1833(h)(1)(A) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395l(h)(1)(A)) is 
amended by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting ``Subject to 
paragraphs (1) and (3)(A) of section 1834(d), the Secretary''.
    (3) Clauses (i) and (ii) of section 1848(a)(2)(A) of such Act (42 
U.S.C. 1395w-4(a)(2)(A)) are each amended by striking ``a service'' and 
inserting ``a service (other than a screening flexible sigmoidoscopy 
provided to an individual for the purpose of early detection of colon 
cancer or a screening colonoscopy provided to an individual at high 
risk for colorectal cancer for the purpose of early detection of colon 
cancer)''.
    (4) Section 1862(a) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395y(a)) is amended--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                    (i) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end,
                    (ii) in subparagraph (F), by striking the semicolon 
                at the end and inserting ``, and'', and
                    (iii) by adding at the end the following new 
                subparagraph:
            ``(G) in the case of screening fecal-occult blood tests, 
        screening flexible sigmoidoscopies, and screening colonoscopy 
        provided for the purpose of early detection of colon cancer, 
        which are performed more frequently than is covered under 
        section 1834(d);''; and
            (B) in paragraph (7), by striking ``paragraph (1)(B) or 
        under paragraph (1)(F)'' and inserting ``subparagraphs (B), 
        (F), or (G) of paragraph (1)''.

SEC. 3. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    The amendments made by section 2 shall apply to screening fecal-
occult blood tests, screening flexible sigmoidoscopies, and screening 
colonoscopy performed on or after January 1, 1996.
Cancer Screening and Prevention Act - Amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to provide for coverage of various specified colon and colorectal screening tests and corresponding payment and frequency limits.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Restoring Authority to Schools Act 
of 2004''.

SEC. 2. PURPOSES.

    The purposes of this Act are--
            (1) to restore authority to the public schools to conduct 
        education as a human enterprise;
            (2) to limit Federal court oversight of public schools to 
        that which is reasonable and necessary to implement Federal 
        law; and
            (3) to allow State and local education officials to bring 
        new insights and solutions to problems of allocating revenues 
        and resources for the common good in keeping with their 
        designated legislative and executive powers.

SEC. 3. APPROPRIATE REMEDIES WITH RESPECT TO VIOLATIONS OF FEDERAL LAW 
              IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

    (a) Requirements for Relief.--
            (1) Prospective relief.--
                    (A) Prospective relief in any civil action with 
                respect to violations of Federal law in the public 
                schools shall extend no further than necessary to 
                correct the violation of the Federal right of a 
                particular plaintiff or plaintiffs. The court shall not 
                grant or approve any prospective relief unless the 
                court finds that such relief is narrowly drawn, extends 
                no further than necessary to correct the violation of 
                the Federal right, and is the least intrusive means 
                necessary to correct the violation of the Federal 
                right. The court shall give substantial weight to any 
                adverse impact on other students or the school 
                community as a whole caused by the relief.
                    (B) The court shall not order any prospective 
                relief that requires or permits a government official 
                to exceed his or her authority under State or local law 
                or otherwise violates State or local law, unless--
                            (i) Federal law requires such relief to be 
                        ordered in violation of State or local law;
                            (ii) the relief is necessary to correct the 
                        violation of a Federal right; and
                            (iii) no other relief will correct the 
                        violation of the Federal right.
            (2) Preliminary injunctive relief.--In any civil action 
        with respect to violations of Federal law in the public 
        schools, to the extent otherwise authorized by law, the court 
        may enter a temporary restraining order or an order for 
        preliminary injunctive relief. Preliminary injunctive relief 
        must be narrowly drawn, extend no further than necessary to 
        correct the harm the court finds requires preliminary relief, 
        and be the least intrusive means necessary to correct that 
        harm. The court shall give substantial weight to any adverse 
        impact on other students or the school community as a whole 
        caused by the preliminary relief and shall respect the 
        principles of comity set out in paragraph (1)(B) in tailoring 
        any preliminary relief. Preliminary injunctive relief shall 
        automatically expire on the date that is 90 days after its 
        entry, unless the court makes the findings required under 
        subsection (a)(1) for the entry of prospective relief and makes 
        the order final before the expiration of the 90-day period.
    (b) Termination of Relief.--
            (1) Termination of prospective relief.--
                    (A) In any civil action with respect to violations 
                of Federal law in the public schools in which 
                prospective relief is ordered, such relief shall be 
                terminable upon the motion of any party or intervener--
                            (i) 2 years after the date the court 
                        granted or approved the prospective relief;
                            (ii) 1 year after the date the court has 
                        entered an order denying termination of 
                        prospective relief under this paragraph; or
                            (iii) in the case of an order issued on or 
                        before the date of enactment of the Restoring 
                        Authority to Schools Act (enacted ____ __, 
                        2004), 2 years after such date of enactment.
                    (B) Nothing in this section shall prevent the 
                parties from agreeing to terminate or modify relief 
                before the relief is terminated under subparagraph (A).
            (2) Immediate termination of prospective relief.--In any 
        civil action with respect to violations of Federal law in the 
        public schools, a defendant or intervener shall be entitled to 
        the immediate termination of any prospective relief if the 
        relief was approved or granted in the absence of a finding by 
        the court that the relief is narrowly drawn, extends no further 
        than necessary to correct the violation of the Federal right, 
        and is the least intrusive means necessary to correct the 
        violation of the Federal right.
            (3) Limitation.--Prospective relief shall not terminate if 
        the court makes written findings based on the record that 
        prospective relief remains necessary to correct a current and 
        ongoing violation of the Federal right, extends no further than 
        necessary to correct the violation of the Federal right, and 
        that the prospective relief is narrowly drawn and the least 
        intrusive means to correct the violation.
            (4) Termination or modification of relief.--Nothing in this 
        section shall prevent any party or intervener from seeking 
        modification or termination before the relief is terminable 
        under paragraph (1) or (2), to the extent that modification or 
        termination would otherwise be legally permissible.
    (c) Settlements.--
            (1) Consent decrees.--In any civil action with respect to 
        violations of Federal law in the public schools, the court 
        shall not enter or approve a consent decree unless it complies 
        with the limitations on relief set forth in subsection (a).
            (2) Private settlement agreements.--
                    (A) Nothing in this section shall preclude parties 
                from entering into a private settlement agreement that 
                does not comply with the limitations on relief set 
                forth in subsection (a), if the terms of that agreement 
                are not subject to court enforcement other than the 
                reinstatement of the civil proceeding that the 
                agreement settled.
                    (B) Nothing in this section shall preclude any 
                party claiming that a private settlement agreement has 
                been breached from seeking in State court any remedy 
                available under State law.
    (d) State Law Remedies.--The limitations on remedies in this 
section shall not apply to relief entered by a State court based solely 
upon claims arising under State law.
    (e) Procedure for Motions Affecting Prospective Relief.--
            (1) Generally.--The court shall promptly rule on any motion 
        to modify or terminate prospective relief in a civil action 
        with respect to violations of Federal law in the public 
        schools. Mandamus shall lie to remedy any failure to issue a 
        prompt ruling on such a motion.
            (2) Automatic stay.--Any motion to modify or terminate 
        prospective relief made under subsection (b) shall operate as a 
        stay during the period--
                    (A)(i) beginning on the 30th day after such motion 
                is filed, in the case of a motion made under paragraph 
                (1) or (2) of subsection (b); or
                    (ii) beginning on the 180th day after such motion 
                is filed, in the case of a motion made under any other 
                law; and
                    (B) ending on the date the court enters a final 
                order ruling on the motion.
            (3) Postponement of automatic stay.--The court may postpone 
        the effective date of an automatic stay specified in subsection 
        (e)(2)(A) for not more than 60 days for good cause. No 
        postponement shall be permissible because of general congestion 
        of the court's calendar.
            (4) Order blocking the automatic stay.--Any order staying, 
        suspending, delaying, or barring the operation of the automatic 
        stay described in paragraph (2) (other than an order to 
        postpone the effective date of the automatic stay under 
        paragraph (3)) shall be treated as an order refusing to 
        dissolve or modify an injunction and shall be appealable 
        pursuant to section 1292(a)(1) of title 28, United States Code, 
        regardless of how the order is styled or whether the order is 
        termed a preliminary or a final ruling.
    (f) Special Masters.--
            (1) In general.--
                    (A) In any civil action in a Federal court with 
                respect to violations of Federal law in the public 
                schools, the court may appoint a special master who 
                shall be disinterested and objective and who will give 
                due regard to balancing the needs of the school 
                community as a whole against the requested relief, to 
                conduct hearings on the record and prepare proposed 
                findings of fact.
                    (B) The court shall appoint a special master under 
                this subsection during the remedial phase of the action 
                only upon a finding that the remedial phase will be 
                sufficiently complex to warrant the appointment.
            (2) Appointment.--
                    (A) If the court determines that the appointment of 
                a special master is necessary, the court shall request 
                that the defendant State officials and the plaintiff 
                each submit a list of not more than 5 persons to serve 
                as a special master.
                    (B) Each party shall have the opportunity to remove 
                up to 3 persons from the opposing party's list.
                    (C) The court shall select the master from the 
                persons remaining on the list after the operation of 
                subparagraph (B).
            (3) Interlocutory appeal.--Any party shall have the right 
        to an interlocutory appeal of the judge's selection of the 
        special master under this subsection, on the ground of 
        partiality.
            (4) Compensation.--The compensation to be allowed to a 
        special master under this section shall be based on an hourly 
        rate not greater than the hourly rate established under section 
        3006A for payment of court-appointed counsel, plus costs 
        reasonably incurred by the special master. Such compensation 
        and costs shall be paid with funds appropriated to the 
        Judiciary.
            (5) Regular review of appointment.--In any civil action 
        with respect to violations of Federal law in the public schools 
        in which a special master is appointed under this subsection, 
        the court shall review the appointment of the special master 
        every 6 months to determine whether the services of the special 
        master continue to be required under paragraph (1). In no event 
        shall the appointment of a special master extend beyond the 
        termination of the relief.
            (6) Limitations on powers and duties.--A special master 
        appointed under this subsection--
                    (A) may be authorized by a court to conduct 
                hearings and prepare proposed findings of fact, which 
                shall be made on the record;
                    (B) shall not make any findings or communications 
                ex parte;
                    (C) may be authorized by a court to assist in the 
                development of remedial plans; and
                    (D) may be removed at any time, but shall be 
                relieved of the appointment upon the termination of 
                relief.
    (g) Definitions.--As used in this section--
            (1) the term ``consent decree'' means any relief entered by 
        the court that is based in whole or in part upon the consent or 
        acquiescence of the parties, but does not include private 
        settlements;
            (2) the term ``civil action with respect to violations of 
        Federal law in the public schools'' means any civil proceeding 
        arising under Federal law with respect to any aspect of 
        operation of the public schools or the provision of public 
        education, including extra curricular and ancillary activities, 
        but does not include civil proceedings relating to 
        desegregation of the public schools;
            (3) the term ``public schools'' means a public elementary 
        or secondary school as such terms are defined in section 9101 
        of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. Sec. 7801);
            (4) the term ``private settlement agreement'' means an 
        agreement entered into among the parties that is not subject to 
        judicial enforcement other than the reinstatement of the civil 
        proceeding that the agreement settled;
            (5) the term ``prospective relief'' means all relief other 
        than compensatory monetary damages;
            (6) the term ``special master'' means any person appointed 
        by a Federal court pursuant to Rule 53 of the Federal Rules of 
        Civil Procedure or pursuant to any inherent power of the court 
        to exercise the powers of a master, regardless of the title or 
        description given by the court; and
            (7) the term ``relief'' means all relief in any form that 
        may be granted or approved by the court, and includes consent 
        decrees but does not include private settlement agreements.
Restoring Authority to Schools Act of 2004 - Requires prospective relief in any civil action for violations of Federal law in public schools to be narrowly drawn, to extend no further than necessary, and to reflect the least intrusive means necessary to correct the violation. Requires the court to give substantial weight to any adverse impact on other students or the school community caused by such relief.

Prohibits the court from ordering prospective relief that requires or permits government officials to exceed their authority under State or local law or otherwise violates such law unless Federal law so requires, the relief is necessary, and no other relief will correct the violation.

Authorizes the court to enter a temporary restraining order or an order for preliminary injunctive relief with respect to violations of Federal law in public schools to the extent otherwise authorized by law if the order complies with the limitations on prospective relief set forth in this Act.

Requires the termination of prospective relief upon the motion of any party or intervener at specified times. Entitles defendants or interveners to the immediate termination of such relief if it was approved or granted in the absence of a finding that the limitations set forth in this Act were met.

Prohibits the court from entering or approving a consent decree absent compliance with such limitations.

Sets forth procedures for motions affecting prospective relief.

Authorizes the court to appoint a special master in those civil actions addressed by this Act.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Office of Financial Research 
Accountability Act of 2015''.

SEC. 2. ADDITIONAL DUTIES OF THE OFFICE OF FINANCIAL RESEARCH.

    Section 153 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer 
Protection Act (12 U.S.C. 5343) is amended by adding at the end the 
following new subsection:
    ``(g) Additional Duties.--
            ``(1) Annual work plan.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Director shall, after a 
                period of 60 days for public notice and comment, 
                annually publish a detailed work plan concerning the 
                priorities of the Office for the upcoming fiscal year.
                    ``(B) Requirements.--The work plan shall include 
                the following:
                            ``(i) A unique alphanumeric identifier and 
                        detailed description of any report, study, 
                        working paper, grant, guidance, data 
                        collection, or request for information that is 
                        expected to be in progress during, or scheduled 
                        to begin in, the upcoming fiscal year.
                            ``(ii) For each item listed under clause 
                        (i), a target date for any significant actions 
                        related to such item, including the target 
                        date--
                                    ``(I) for the release of a report, 
                                study, or working paper;
                                    ``(II) for, and topics of, a 
                                meeting of a working paper group and 
                                each solicitation of applications for 
                                grants; and
                                    ``(III) for the issuance of 
                                guidance, data collections, or requests 
                                for information.
                            ``(iii) A list of all technical and 
                        professional advisory committees that is 
                        expected to be convened in the upcoming fiscal 
                        year pursuant to section 152(h).
                            ``(iv) The name and professional 
                        affiliations of each individual who served 
                        during the previous fiscal year as an academic 
                        or professional fellow pursuant to section 
                        152(i).
                            ``(v) A detailed description of the 
                        progress made by primary financial regulatory 
                        agencies in adopting a unique alphanumeric 
                        system to identify legally distinct entities 
                        that engage in financial transactions (commonly 
                        known as a `Legal Entity Identifier'), 
                        including a list of regulations requiring the 
                        use of such a system and actions taken to 
                        ensure the adoption of such a system by primary 
                        financial regulatory agencies.
            ``(2) Public reports.--
                    ``(A) Consultation.--In preparing any public report 
                with respect to a specified entity, class of entities, 
                or financial product or service, the Director shall 
                consult with any Federal department or agency with 
                expertise in regulating the entity, class of entities, 
                or financial product or service.
                    ``(B) Report requirements.--A public report 
                described in subparagraph (A) shall include--
                            ``(i) an explanation of any changes made as 
                        a result of a consultation under this 
                        subparagraph and, with respect to any changes 
                        suggested in such consultation that were not 
                        made, the reasons that the Director did not 
                        incorporate such changes; and
                            ``(ii) information on the date, time, and 
                        nature of such consultation.
                    ``(C) Notice and comment.--Before issuing any 
                public report described in subparagraph (A), the 
                Director shall provide a period of 90 days for public 
                notice and comment on the report.
            ``(3) Cybersecurity plan.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Office shall develop and 
                implement a cybersecurity plan that uses appropriate 
                safeguards that are adequate to protect the integrity 
                and confidentiality of the data in the possession of 
                the Office.
                    ``(B) GAO review.--The Comptroller General of the 
                United States shall annually audit the cybersecurity 
                plan and its implementation described in subparagraph 
                (A).''.

.  Office of Financial Research Accountability Act of 2015 (Sec. 2) This bill amends the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act to require the Office of Financial Research within the Department of the Treasury to publish annually a detailed work plan of the Office priorities for the upcoming fiscal year, including a detailed description of the progress made by primary financial regulatory agencies in adopting a unique alphanumeric system (&quot;Legal Entity Identifier&quot;) to identify legally distinct entities that engage in financial transactions, as well as a list of regulations requiring the use of such a system and actions taken to ensure its adoption by those agencies. The bill requires the Office to develop and implement a cybersecurity plan using adequate safeguards to protect the integrity and confidentiality of the data in Office possession.