In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

This politician beat out George Dewey to be the Democratic presidential candidate with Adlai Stevenson I, and his opposition to heavy retaliation after the Lusitania affair caused him to resign from his post as Secretary of State under Wilson. This man argued for the prosecution against Clarence Darrow in the Scopes Monkey Trial and advocated [*] bimetallism in a speech proclaiming that "you shall not press down on the brow of labor this crown of thorns." For 10 points, name this Populist orator who said that "you shall not crucify mankind on a Cross of Gold" and who ran for president and lost in both 1896 and 1900.
History

In studying this structure, Elizabeth Gould showed that dendrite spine density and estradiol levels peaked together. A circuit of structures interconnecting this structure and the cortex was proposed by James Papez, and axon collaterals named for Schaffer innervates neurons in the CA1 portion of this structure. Neurons that respond only when an animal is in a certain region of space, known as place cells, are located in this structure. It consists of two sheets of neurons called Ammon's horn and the dentate gyrus, the first of which sends axons into the fornix. Connected ventrally and laterally to the olfactory cortex, this structure inhibits CRH release. For 10 points, name folded structure of the limbic system that plays a major role in learning and memory.
Science

One pope of this name had all German churches read an encyclical written in German rather than Latin; that encyclical by a pope of this name was Mit brennender Sorge. Another pope of this name declared Rome an ""open city"" and was criticized as being the ""Pope of (+) Silence"" for his lack of action against the Holocaust. The longest-reigning pope had this name; that pope wrote the Syllabus of (*) Errors and was responsible for the dogma of the Immaculate Conception. For 10 points, give this papal name used by the twelfth, who reigned during World War II, and the ninth, who organized the First Vatican Council that decreed papal infallibility.

History