instruction:
In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
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Context: Martin D. Hardin ( June 21 , 1780 -- October 8 , 1823 ) was a politician and lawyer from Kentucky . Born in Pennsylvania , his family immigrated to Kentucky when he was still young . He studied law under George Nicholas and commenced practice at Richmond , Kentucky . His cousin , future U.S. Representative Benjamin Hardin , studied in his law office . He represented Madison County in the Kentucky House of Representatives for a single term . Hardin later moved to Frankfort and was elected to the Kentucky House to represent Franklin County . Governor Isaac Shelby appointed him Secretary of State soon after his election . Concurrent with his service , he participated in the War of 1812 , serving alongside future Kentucky Governor George Madison as majors in Colonel John Allen 's militia unit . Following the expiration of his term as Secretary of State , Governor Gabriel Slaughter appointed Hardin to the U.S. Senate seat vacated by William T. Barry , who resigned . Hardin served the remainder of Barry 's term -- approximately one year -- and did not seek re-election . In 1819 , he was elected to the Kentucky House for a third time and was chosen Speaker of the House . He died October 8 , 1823 . Hardin married the daughter of Kentucky pioneer Benjamin Logan , and their son , John J. Hardin , represented Illinois in the U.S. House of Representatives before being killed at the Battle of Buena Vista . In his book Life of Lincoln , Ward Hill Lamon speculated that future President Abraham Lincoln may have been the illegitimate child of Hardin and Nancy Hanks , but the rumor was later debunked ., George Nicholas (c. 1754  July 25, 1799) was the first professor of law at Transylvania University in Kentucky. He was also briefly attorney general of Kentucky, and had been several times a member of the Virginia House of Delegates. He was the son of Robert C. Nicholas, Sr.; his brothers included Wilson Cary Nicholas. He was the father of Robert C. Nicholas. He was a friend and correspondent of James Madison; he was also extremely fat, and Madison laughed until he cried at a caricature of Nicholas, during the Virginia convention to ratify the United States Constitution, as a plum pudding with legs., The Kentucky General Assembly, also called the Kentucky Legislature, is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Kentucky., Kentucky, officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state located in the east south-central region of the United States. Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth (the others being Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts). Originally a part of Virginia, in 1792 Kentucky became the 15th state to join the Union. Kentucky is the 37th most extensive and the 26th most populous of the 50 United States., Madison County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 82,916. Its county seat is Richmond. The county is named for Virginia statesman James Madison, who later became the fourth President of the United States., New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern United States and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania, and on the southwest by Delaware. New Jersey is the fourth-smallest state but the 11th-most populous and the most densely populated of the 50 United States. New Jersey lies entirely within the combined statistical areas of New York City and Philadelphia and is the third-wealthiest U.S. state by per capita income as of 2014., Lake Erie is the fourth-largest lake (by surface area) of the five Great Lakes in North America, and the thirteenth-largest globally if measured in terms of surface area. It is the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the Great Lakes and therefore also has the shortest average water residence time. At its deepest point Lake Erie is deep. Lake Erie's northern shore is bounded by the Canadian province of Ontario, with the U.S. states of Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York on its southern and easternmost shores and Michigan on the west. These jurisdictions divide the surface area of the lake by water boundaries. The lake was named by the Erie people, a Native Americans people who lived along its southern shore. That Iroquoian tribe called it ""Erige"" "("cat")" because of its unpredictable and sometimes violently dangerous nature. It is a matter of conjecture whether the lake was named after the tribe, or if the tribe was called ""Erie"" because of its proximity to the lake., Martin Davis Hardin (June 26, 1837  December 12, 1923) was a brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was appointed a brigadier general on July 6, 1864, to rank from July 2, 1864, the date of U.S. Senate confirmation of his promotion., The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States of America. The Constitution, originally comprising seven articles, delineates the national frame of government. Its first three articles entrench the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral Congress; the executive, consisting of the President; and the judicial, consisting of the Supreme Court and other federal courts. Articles Four, Five and Six entrench concepts of federalism, describing the rights and responsibilities of state governments and of the states in relationship to the federal government. Article Seven establishes the procedure subsequently used by the thirteen States to ratify it., Bardstown is a home rule-class city in Nelson County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was recorded as 11,700 by the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Nelson County. It is named for the pioneering Bard brothers. David Bard obtained a land grant in 1785 in what was then Jefferson County, Virginia from Governor Patrick Henry. William Bard surveyed and platted the town. It was originally chartered as Baird's Town., Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania German: "Pennsylvaani"), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. The Appalachian Mountains run through its middle. The commonwealth borders Delaware to the southeast, Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, Lake Erie and the Canadian province of Ontario to the northwest, New York to the north, and New Jersey to the east., Richmond is a city in and the county seat of Madison County, Kentucky, United States. It is named after Richmond, Virginia, and is the home of Eastern Kentucky University. The population was 33,533 in 2015. Richmond is the third-largest city in the Bluegrass region (after Louisville and Lexington) and the state's sixth-largest city. Richmond serves as the center for work and shopping for south-central Kentucky. Richmond is the principal city of the RichmondBerea Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Madison and Rockcastle counties., In most common law jurisdictions, the attorney general (sometimes abbreviated as AG) or attorney-general (pluralized as attorneys general or attorneys-general, as "general" is a postpositive adjective) is the main legal advisor to the government, and in some jurisdictions they may also have executive responsibility for law enforcement, prosecutions or even responsibility for legal affairs generally. In practice, the extent to which the attorney-general personally provides legal advice to the government varies between jurisdictions, and even between individual office-holders within the same jurisdiction, often depending on the level and nature of the office-holder's prior legal experience., Delaware is a state located in the Mid-Atlantic and/or Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered to the south and west by Maryland, to the northeast by New Jersey, and to the north by Pennsylvania. The state takes its name from Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, an English nobleman and Virginia's first colonial governor., James Madison, Jr., (March 16 [O.S. March 5], 1751  June 28, 1836) was an American statesman and Founding Father who served as the fourth President of the United States from 1809 to 1817. He is hailed as the "Father of the Constitution" for his pivotal role in drafting and promoting the United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights., Virginia (, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia) is a state located in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, as well as in the historic Southeast. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" due to its status as the first colonial possession established in mainland British America, and "Mother of Presidents" because eight U.S. presidents were born there, more than any other state. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay, which provide habitat for much of its flora and fauna. The capital of the Commonwealth is Richmond; Virginia Beach is the most populous city, and Fairfax County is the most populous political subdivision. The Commonwealth's estimated population is over 8.3 million, which is slightly less than New York City., Robert Carter Nicholas (January 10, 1787  December 24, 1856) was a United States Senator from Louisiana. He was a veteran of the War of 1812, and also served as Secretary of State of Louisiana and Louisiana's Superintendent of Education., Law is a system of rules that are created and enforced through social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior. State-enforced laws can be made by a collective legislature or by a single legislator, resulting in statutes, by the executive through decrees and regulations, or established by judges through precedent, normally in common law jurisdictions. Private individuals can create legally binding contracts, including arbitration agreements that may elect to accept alternative arbitration to the normal court process. The formation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution, written or tacit, and the rights encoded therein. The law shapes politics, economics, history and society in various ways and serves as a mediator of relations between people., Massachusetts ; officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the most populous state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the states of Connecticut and Rhode Island to the south, New Hampshire and Vermont to the north, and New York to the west. The state is named for the Massachusett tribe, which once inhabited the area. The capital of Massachusetts and the most populous city in New England is Boston. Over 80% of Massachusetts' population lives in the Greater Boston metropolitan area, a region influential upon American history, academia, and industry. Originally dependent on agriculture, fishing and trade, Massachusetts was transformed into a manufacturing center during the Industrial Revolution. During the 20th century, Massachusetts' economy shifted from manufacturing to services. Modern Massachusetts is a global leader in biotechnology, engineering, higher education, finance, and maritime trade., Benjamin Hardin (February 29, 1784  September 24, 1852) was a United States Representative from Kentucky. Martin Davis Hardin was his cousin. He was born at the Georges Creek settlement on the Monongahela River, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania and then moved with his parents to Washington County, Kentucky in 1788. Hardin attended the schools of Nelson and Washington Counties, Kentucky before studying law. He was admitted to the bar in 1806 and commenced practice in Elizabethtown and Bardstown, Nelson County, Kentucky and he settled in Bardstown, Kentucky in 1808., Wilson Cary Nicholas (January 31, 1761October 10, 1820) was an American politician who served in the U.S. Senate from 1799 to 1804 and was the 19th Governor of Virginia from 1814 to 1816., The Appalachian Mountains, often called the Appalachians, are a system of mountains in eastern North America. The Appalachians first formed roughly 480 million years ago during the Ordovician Period. It once reached elevations similar to those of the Alps and the Rocky Mountains before naturally occurring erosion. The Appalachian chain is a barrier to east-west travel, as it forms a series of alternating ridgelines and valleys oriented in opposition to most roads running east or west., The Kentucky House of Representatives is the lower house of the Kentucky General Assembly. It is composed of 100 Representatives elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth. Not more than two counties can be joined to form a House district, except when necessary to preserve the principle of equal representation. Representatives are elected to two-year terms with no term limits. The Kentucky House of Representatives convenes at the State Capitol in Frankfort., Subject: martin d. hardin, Relation: position_held, Options: (A) 12 (B) 3 (C) advisor (D) attorney general (E) attorney general of kentucky (F) baron (G) congress (H) governor (I) kentucky general assembly (J) leader (K) legislator (L) mother (M) opposition (N) politician (O) president (P) prior (Q) professor (R) senator (S) state legislature (T) united states representative (U) united states senator (V) virginia beach (W) york
answer:
united states senator


question:
Context: The Kabardino-Balkar Republic ("Kabardino-Balkarskaya Respublika"; Kabardian: - , "Qbrdei-Baqr Respublic"; Karachay-Balkar: - , "Qabart-Malqar Respublika"), or Kabardino-Balkaria ("Kabardino-Balkariya"), is a federal subject of Russia (a republic) located in the North Caucasus. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 859,939 on 12,500 square km. Its capital is Nalchik., Russia (from the  Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara., Khadzhimurat Magomedovich Akkaev ( Russian :    ) ( born March 27 , 1985 in Tyrnyauz , Kabardino - Balkaria ) is a Russian weightlifter of Balkar descent . He competed in the men 's 94 kg at the 2004 Summer Olympics where he won a silver medal . He is 178 cm / 5 ft 10 tall and weighs 105 kg / 231 lb. At the 2008 Summer Olympics he won the bronze medal in the 94 kg category , with a total of 402 kg. Akkaev has moved up into  105 kg weight category as a replacement for Dmitry Lapikov and Dmitry Klokov . He won the 2011 European Weightlifting Championships in Kazan , with a total of 425 kg He became the 2011 World Champion in Paris , beating his compatriot Dmitry Klokov by 2 kg with a total of 430 kg. Akkaev was scheduled to compete at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the 105 kg class but was forced to withdraw due to a back injury ., Nalchik (Kabardian: //) is the capital city of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, Russia, situated at an altitude of in the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains; about northwest of Beslan in the Republic of North OssetiaAlania. It covers an area of . Population was , The Balkars are a Turkic people of the Caucasus region, one of the titular populations of Kabardino-Balkaria. Their Karachay-Balkar language is of the Ponto-Caspian subgroup of the Northwestern (Kipchak) group of Turkic languages., Tyrnyauz is a town and the administrative center of Elbrussky District of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, Russia, located on the main road leading to the Upper Baksan valley area and on the main climbing route for Mount Elbrus. Population: Tyrnyauz is the largest town in the Baksan Valley and an essential provisioning point for trips into the Elbrus region., The North Caucasus (or Ciscaucasia) is the northern part of the Caucasus region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea and within European Russia. , The Caucasus or Caucasia is a region at the border of Europe and Asia, situated between the Black and the Caspian seas., Mount Elbrus ( "Whamxwa"  tr. "Ialbuzi"; Ossetian: "Halbruz") is the highest mountain in Russia and in Europe, and the tenth most prominent peak in the world. A dormant volcano, Elbrus forms part of the Caucasus Mountains in Southern Russia, near the border with Georgia. , Elbrussky District (Kabardian: ) is an administrative and a municipal district (raion), one of the ten in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, Russia. It is located in the western and southwestern parts of the republic. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Tyrnyauz. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 36,260, with the population of Tyrnyauz accounting for 57.9% of that number., Subject: khadzhimurat akkayev, Relation: place_of_birth, Options: (A) caucasia (B) caucasus (C) center (D) georgia (E) march (F) nalchik (G) north caucasus (H) novosibirsk (I) of (J) petersburg (K) republic (L) russia (M) samara (N) tyrnyauz (O) volcano
answer:
nalchik


question:
Context: Talcott Parsons (December 13, 1902  May 8, 1979) was an American sociologist of the classical tradition, best known for his social action theory and structural functionalism. Parsons is considered one of the most influential figures in the development of sociology in the 20th century. After earning a PhD in economics, he served on the faculty at Harvard University from 1927 to 1979, and in 1930, was among the first professors in its newly created sociology department., Marion Joseph Levy Jr. ( December 12 , 1918 -- May 26 , 2002 ) was an American sociologist noted for his work on modernization theory . Born in Galveston , Texas , Levy received his doctorate in sociology from Harvard , studying under Talcott Parsons . Levy was hired at Princeton in 1947 and would work there for the remainder of his life . Levy was an advocate of structural - functionalism in sociology . His two - volume Modernization and the Structure of Societies was a systematic statement of modernization theory . Levy also produced analytic works on Chinese and Japanese history . Levy was perhaps best known outside academia for an extremely short book , Levy 's Laws of the Disillusionment of the True Liberal . The cynical `` laws '' , originally numbering six and ultimately totaling 11 , became a commonly quoted source of condensed sociopolitical wisdom ., Modernization theory is used to explain the process of modernization within societies. Modernization refers to a model of a progressive transition from a 'pre-modern' or 'traditional' to a 'modern' society. Modernization theory originated from the ideas of German sociologist Max Weber (1864-1920), which provided the basis for the modernization paradigm developed by Harvard sociologist Talcott Parsons (1902-1979). The theory looks at the internal factors of a country while assuming that with assistance, "traditional" countries can be brought to development in the same manner more developed countries have been. Moderniziation theory was a dominant paradigm in the social sciences in the 1950s and 1960s, then went into a deep eclipse. It made a comeback after 1990 but remains a controversial model., Subject: marion j. levy jr., Relation: educated_at, Options: (A) harvard (B) harvard university
answer:

harvard university