TASK DEFINITION: You will be given a trivia clue, and the category it belongs to. You should answer with the best answer that belongs in the category and is described by the clue. For simplicity, answers should be in all lower cased letters.
PROBLEM: Category: 19th CENTURY PHILOSOPHY 
Clue: This 3-word quote, originally in German, comes soon after "We have killed him -- you and I, all of us are his murderers"

SOLUTION: \"god is dead\"

PROBLEM: Category: GOLF 
Clue: It's the only one of golf's 4 major pro events in which amateurs are not permitted to play

SOLUTION: the pga championship

PROBLEM: Category: MUSICAL THEATER 
Clue: He's the only songwriter to have Broadway premieres in every decade from the '50s to the present; his first was in 1957

SOLUTION:
stephen sondheim