In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question separated with a 
. You have to answer the question based on the context.

We consider QA PGNet and Multi-decoder QA PGNet with lookup table embedding as baseline models and improve on the baselines with other variations described below. 
 Question: What is the baseline?
QA PGNet Multi-decoder QA PGNet with lookup table embedding

We also run a manual evaluation which shows for the En-It task a slight quality degradation in exchange of a statistically significant reduction in the average length ratio, from 1.05 to 1.01. 
 Question: Do they conduct any human evaluation?
Yes

Three clear domains can be noticed in the behavior of $\langle cc \rangle $ versus $\wp $, at $t_f$, as shown in Fig. FIGREF15 (blue squares). Phase I: $\langle cc \rangle $ increases smoothly for $\wp < 0.4$, indicating that for this domain there is a small correlation between word neighborhoods. Full vocabularies are attained also for $\wp < 0.4$; Phase II: a drastic transition appears at the critical domain $\wp ^* \in (0.4,0.6)$, in which $\langle cc \rangle $ shifts abruptly towards 1. An abrupt change in $V(t_f)$ versus $\wp $ is also found (Fig. FIGREF16) for $\wp ^*$; Phase III: single-word languages dominate for $\wp > 0.6$. The maximum value of $\langle cc \rangle $ indicate that word neighborhoods are completely correlated. 
 Question: What are three possible phases for language formation?

Phase I: $\langle cc \rangle $ increases smoothly for $\wp < 0.4$, indicating that for this domain there is a small correlation between word neighborhoods. Full vocabularies are attained also for $\wp < 0.4$ Phase II: a drastic transition appears at the critical domain $\wp ^* \in (0.4,0.6)$, in which $\langle cc \rangle $ shifts abruptly towards 1. An abrupt change in $V(t_f)$ versus $\wp $ is also found (Fig. FIGREF16) for $\wp ^*$ Phase III: single-word languages dominate for $\wp > 0.6$. The maximum value of $\langle cc \rangle $ indicate that word neighborhoods are completely correlated