TASK DEFINITION: Generate an explanation for the given claim using the provided supporting material from the paragraph. Please consider the following points while generating an output. 1) The claim will always have supporting proof in the paragraph, and the paragraph will have a clear point of view supporting the claim. 2) There can be instances where direct correlation to the claim is not available. Make use of the sentences in the paragraph to provide a corresponding output supporting the claim. 3) The explanation should be at least one and at most twelve sentences long.
PROBLEM: Paragraph: The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) said there were 47 new infections as of midnight on Sunday compared with 81 recorded a day earlier, taking the national tally to 10,284. The death toll rose by eight to 191, while another 135 people have recovered from the virus for a total of 6,598. South Korea has been bringing the epidemic under control, with about 100 or fewer new daily cases for the past month, but this was the first time the daily tally of new cases was less than 50 since 909 were reported on Feb. 29. In February, South Korea uncovered what was believed to be the biggest outbreak outside of China. But a programme of mass testing and contact tracing helped contain the virus, which has spread far more quickly in other countries. The head of the World Health Organization (WHO), Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, held a 25-minute phone call with President Moon Jae-in, praising South Korea’s leadership in containing the virus, Moon’s presidential Blue House said. Moon said in the call that South Korea was “willing to actively support other countries with prevention skills and supplies as the circumstances permit”. Moon said he recently had phone calls with about 20 global leaders. Tedros proposed that Moon help support sub-Saharan African countries with virus-related supplies including test kits, the Blue House said. Despite the encouraging evidence in South Korea, officials have urged even greater vigilance, saying a large epidemic could re-emerge at any time, with smaller outbreaks appearing in churches, hospitals and nursing homes, as well as among travellers returning from abroad. “We are taking great caution against any optimistic expectations with this one-off figure,” Vice Health Minister Kim Gang-lip told a regular briefing. Click here for an interactive graphic tracking the global spread of coronavirus  On Saturday, the government extended its intensive social distancing campaign by two weeks, citing the sustained small clusters of infections. South Koreans had refrained from socialising in February when the number of cases rose exponentially but more people started going out recently as the weather became warmer and people became weary of the isolation, Kim said. The movement of people spiked about 20% over the weekend compared with the end of February, he said, citing data from the state-run statistics agency and SK Telecom, the country’s largest mobile operator. Starting on Sunday, the government toughened penalties for those who violate self-quarantine rules to up to 10 million won ($8,100) in fines or one year in prison from 3 million won  ($2,400) in fines. Authorities have reported several cases of quarantine rules being broken over the past few days. The Gunpo city government south of Seoul said on Sunday it has filed a complaint with police against a couple in their 50s and their children who broke away from isolation and went out even after testing positive for the virus. A Korean student living in the United States sparked public uproar after taking a fever remedy before flying home late last month. The student was found to have contracted the virus, putting some 20 other people who took the same flight in self quarantine. “We cannot maintain social distancing forever,” Kim said. “But it is the most effective measure to help protect others and yourself.” Claim: South Korea reports fewer than 50 new infections, earning WHO praise.

SOLUTION: South Korea reported fewer than 50 new coronavirus cases for the first time since its peak in late February, earning the praise of the World Health Organization for combatting the spread in one of the first countries to be hard-hit by the disease.

PROBLEM: Paragraph: According to Simon and Schuster’s website, it’s the truth. The game is called “Panty Raider: From Here to Immaturity.”  The publicity says, “Gamers will Seek Out Supermodels to Strip Them Down to Their Bra and Panties.” Here are some other tidbits from the Simon and Schuster publicity:  PANTY RAIDER takes gamers to Model Isle where a supermodel photo shoot is taking place. The player is on a mission to photograph specific styles and colors of panties worn by supermodels to satisfy three testosterone-driven aliens and keep them from blowing up the Earth.One day on a planet far, far away, a catalog from a famous lingerie store inexplicably showed up in the mailbox at one horny alien’s home. Some time later, he and his two buddies had worn out the catalog and they needed more! So they hijacked a flying saucer for a joy ride across the universe in search of supermodels in their underwear.The player assumes the role of “Nelson,” an innocent bystander who is forced to help the aliens in their perverted quest. Nelson’s job is to photograph specific models, wearing specific types and colors of underwear (as specified by the aliens). If Nelson does not get the photos that the aliens are asking for, in the amount of time given, the aliens will destroy Earth.Once on the island, Nelson can use all the tools available to him: * Pick up lines – Use cheesy pickup lines to lure models out of the woods. * X-Ray glasses – You know the ones seen in the back of comic books? These actually work – allowing the player to see what kind of underwear each girl is wearing, before they go through the process of undressing her. Keep in mind if you waste too much time undressing a supermodel Earth will be destroyed can you control yourself? * Lures – Items such as tiny mints (lunch!) and credit cards. No self-respecting supermodel can resist these items. * Camera – Once the correct model is found wearing the right panties, and the outer clothing has been removed, it’s time to use the camera to photograph the model. These photos are then added to the player’s inventory. If all the correct models in the correct lingerie are photographed within the given amount of time, Earth is saved. Otherwise, the frustrated aliens are forced to take their hormone driven anger out on the planet. Last updated 11/13/00 For more information:  Simon and Schuster News Release   Comments Claim:   The email says that Simon and Schuster has announced a new CD-ROM computer game where “…to win the game, boys must strip supermodels down to their underwear, then provide photographs of them to aliens who wore out their one lingerie catalog – or else the aliens hormone driven anger will destroy the earth.”   

SOLUTION: New CD-ROM computer game features panty raids

PROBLEM: Paragraph: Shares of Antigenics Inc, the tiny New York-based  biotechnology company which has been developing the vaccine for  11 years, rose as much as 58 percent on the news. It is the first time the Russian government has approved a  drug that was not first cleared in its country of origin,  according to Antigenics, and clears the way for the company to  start generating revenue from Oncophage later this year. The company plans to file for approval of the vaccine in  Europe by the end of the year, based on a relatively new set of  guidelines in that jurisdiction. Regulators in Russia approved Oncophage based on a subset  of data from a late-stage clinical trial that in 2006 failed to  show the vaccine delayed the recurrence of kidney cancer. In the subset of patients — those whose cancer was least  likely to recur following surgery — Oncophage lengthened the  period before which the disease recurred by 45 percent, or an  average of 1.8 years, versus those in the control group. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration does not consider  subset analysis a valid measure of success or failure since all  manner of sub-populations can be carved out retrospectively. Therefore the vaccine stands little chance of approval in the  United States. “What this company needs to do now is a trial based on  their findings with the good prognosis patients,” said Dr. Otis  Brawley, Chief Medical Officer at the American Cancer Society. “If they have a positive finding at that point then I’m going  to be excited, and then I believe it would go before the FDA  very quickly.”    Conducting such trials, however, could take up to 10 years  and vast sums of money, and would take the product’s  development cycle to 20 years. “No one in their right mind would authorize that,” said  Garo Armen, the company’s chief executive, in an interview. “Even if we had the money it wouldn’t be practical.”     Unlike their U.S. counterparts, Russian regulators have  accepted the validity of the subset — in part because roughly  a third of the 604 patients enrolled in the late-stage trial  were tested in Russia, and about 70 percent of those fell into  the subset of patients whose prognosis following surgery was  better than that of the total population. Antigenics thinks it will be able to win approval elsewhere  in the world too. European regulators can now approve drugs on a conditional  basis, meaning companies can market their products while  simultaneously conducting additional follow-up of patients or  further clinical studies. If at the end of the trial period the regulatory agency  were not satisfied, it could pull the drug from the market. “Filing in Europe won’t be a slam dunk, and will probably  be more difficult than in Russia,” said Armen, who added that  the European review process would likely take 12 to 18 months. The Russian approval caps years of dogged determination to  bring the vaccine to the market despite multiple setbacks and  investor skepticism of cancer vaccines in general. Oncophage is designed to reprogram a patient’s immune  system to target cancer cells from a specific tumor. The company takes tissue from a tumor following surgery,  extracts proteins it says activate the immune system and then  injects the enriched proteins back into the body through the  skin. Unlike a vaccine such as Merck & Co’s Gardasil, which is  designed to ward off a virus that is believed to cause some 70  percent of cervical cancer cases, Oncophage is designed to  target the cancer directly and delay or prevent it from  spreading once it has developed. There are about 16,000 new cases of kidney cancer a year in  Russia, according to Armen, of which about a quarter fit the  profile of patients most likely to benefit from Oncophage — a  market theoretically worth about $200 million to Antigenics. The Russian pharmaceuticals market is one of the fastest  growing in the world. It will grow by nearly 60 percent to  $19.4 billion in 2009 from about $12.3 billion in 2006, the  research group DSM estimates. Armen said he expects the initial sales growth for  Oncophage to be “modest.”    “We would have to price this probably at the low- to  mid-range of other new-generation cancer drugs,” Armen said. Such drugs can cost as much as $60,000 per patient per  year, he said. “How much of that market we achieve depends on how well we  iron out reimbursement issues and how effectively we can reach  every single patient,” Armen said. Shares of Antigenics were up 62 cents or 25 percent to  $3.09 in late afternoon trading on Nasdaq after touching $3.90  earlier in the day, an increase of about 58 percent. Claim: Antigenics wins Russian approval of cancer vaccine.

SOLUTION:
Russian regulators have approved the  world’s first cancer vaccine, validating an unusual strategy by  its maker to introduce the product even though it failed a  late-stage clinical trial.