Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Q: Left ventricular aneurysm repair (LVR) reduces LV wall stress and improves LV function. However, as we reported previously, the initial improvement of LVR was short-term because of LV remodeling but could be maintained longer with postoperative use of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has been used to treat patients with heart failure by natriuretic and vasodilatory actions. Recent reports have suggested that ANP inhibits the rennin-angiotensin system. In this study, the effects of ANP after LVR were evaluated.', 'Rats that had an LV aneurysm 4 weeks after left anterior descending artery ligation underwent LVR by plicating the LV aneurysm and were randomized into 2 groups: LVR+A group was intravenously administrated with 10 microg/h of carperitide, recombinant alpha-hANP, by osmotic-pump for 4 weeks, and the LVR group was given normal saline. Echocardiography revealed better LV remodeling and function in LVR+A group than in LVR group. Four weeks after LVR, left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and Tau were significantly lower in LVR+A group (LVEDP: 10+/-4 in LVR+A group versus 18+/-6 mm Hg in LVR group, Tau: 13+/-2 versus 17+/-2ms). End-systolic elastance (Ees) was higher in LVR+A group (Ees: 0.34+/-0.2 versus 0.19+/-0.11 mm Hg/microL). The levels of myocardial ACE activity in LVR+A group was significantly lower than in LVR group. The mRNA expressions of brain natriuretic peptide and transforming growth factor beta1 inducing fibrosis significantly decreased in LV myocardium in LVR+A group. Histologically, myocardial fibrosis was significantly reduced in LVR+A group.

A: Does atrial natriuretic peptide help prevent late remodeling after left ventricular aneurysm repair?
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Q: Toenail onychomycosis is a common disease that can have serious adverse effects on the quality of life (QOL) of patients.', 'To evaluate the impact of itraconazole pulse therapy on the QOL of patients with toenail onychomycosis.', 'A total of 20 patients with disto-lateral subungual toenail onychomycosis were treated with itraconazole 200 mg twice daily for 1 week every 4 weeks for 12 weeks. The patients were asked to complete a QOL questionnaire before treatment and on the last follow-up visit (week 48). A score of 0-4 was given according to the five possible responses to each question and these were summed to give the final score of the patient. The mean of the final scores of the patients before and after treatment were compared using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs test.', 'At 48 weeks after commencing treatment, 14 patients (70%) responded to treatment (nine patients were cured with almost totally clear toenails and five patients improved), and 16 patients (80%) were mycologically cured (negative KOH smear and culture). The mean of the QOL scores of the patients before treatment was 18.0+/-7.8, which reduced to 13.1+/-11.3 after treatment (two-tailed, p=0.009).

A: Does itraconazole pulse therapy improve the quality of life of patients with toenail onychomycosis?
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Q: Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) can sufficiently and independently induce pathophysiological angiogenesis. However, the treatment strategies have mostly been unsuccessful. The present study is the first to evaluate the possible targeting of downstream signals for the inhibition of HGF/SF-induced angiogenesis.', 'In a multichannel scratch assay with human endothelial cells (ECs), HGF/SF induced a strong and prolonged activation of MAPK and cell proliferation that was inhibited by PD98059 and LY294002/wortmannin, selective inhibitors of MAPK and PI3K signaling modules, respectively. Western blotting demonstrated a temporal relation between the activation of the two pathways. Chemical inhibition of the PI3K and MAPK signals inhibited HGF/SF-induced chemoinvasion of ECs in vitro and blocked the HGF/SF-induced neovascularization into a polymer scaffold in vivo, as quantified by vessel counts and the clearance of radioactive 133Xe.

A:
Does targeting of mitogen-activated protein kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase inhibit hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor-induced angiogenesis?
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