In this task your given two statements. You must judge whether the second sentence is the cause or effect of the first one. Label the instances as "cause" or "effect" based on your judgment. The sentences are separated by a newline character.

[Q]: The boy stepped in mud.
The mud stuck to his shoes.
[A]: effect


[Q]: The country discovered new land.
The country colonized the land.
[A]: effect


[Q]: The girl desired her parent's approval.
She obeyed her parent's rules.
[A]:
effect