Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Ex Input:
Context: This study evaluated two surgical procedures, total splenectomy and spleen-preserving surgery, for the treatment of spleen cystic echinococcosis (CE).', 'A total of 21 patients who underwent surgery for removal of spleen CE were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups, those who received a total splenectomy (n=7) and those who underwent spleen-preserving surgery (n=14).', 'Total splenectomy surgery took 127.1±11.1min and spleen-preserving surgery took 104.3±25.3min (p<0.05). The length of hospital stay was the same for both patient groups (10.6 days on average). No patient suffered from recurrence during follow-up and all of the patients made a good recovery. No patient developed post-splenectomy sepsis or serious infectious complications. No patient suffered recurrence.
Answer: The spleen-saving approach is likely an effective method for the removal of CE spleen cysts given that it is a quick procedure and preserves the function of the spleen. Total splenectomy procedures may be performed particularly for larger, centrally located cysts.

Ex Output:
Is spleen-preserving surgery effective for the treatment of spleen cystic echinococcosis?


Ex Input:
Context: The Notch signaling pathway is an evolutionary conserved signal transduction pathway involved in embryonic patterning and regulation of cell fates during development and self-renewal. Recent studies have demonstrated that this pathway is integral to a complex system of interactions, involving as well other signal transduction pathways, and implicated in distinct human diseases. Delta-like 1 (Dll1) is one of the known ligands of the Notch receptors. The role of the Notch ligands is less well understood. Loss-of-function of Dll1 leads to embryonic lethality, but reduction of Delta-like 1 protein levels has not been studied in adult stage.', 'Here we present the haploinsufficient phenotype of Dll1 and a missense mutant Dll1 allele (Dll1(C413Y)). Haploinsufficiency leads to a complex phenotype with several biological processes altered. These alterations reveal the importance of Dll1 mainly in metabolism, energy balance and in immunology. The animals are smaller, lighter, with altered fat to lean ratio and have increased blood pressure and a slight bradycardia. The animals have reduced cholesterol and triglyceride levels in blood. At the immunological level a subtle phenotype is observed due to the effect and fine-tuning of the signaling network at the different levels of differentiation, proliferation and function of lymphocytes. Moreover, the importance of the proteolytic regulation of the Notch signaling network emphasized.
Answer: In conclusion, slight alterations in one player of Notch signaling alter the entire organism, emphasizing the fine-tuning character of this pathway in a high number of processes.

Ex Output:
Does dll1 haploinsufficiency in adult mice lead to a complex phenotype affecting metabolic and immunological processes?


Ex Input:
Context: Malnutrition is prevalent in elders with pressure ulcers and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This study compared nutritional status, assessed by the Mini Nutrition Assessment (MNA), to immune function in nursing home elders with pressure ulcers.', 'Nutritional status was assessed in nursing home residents (>65 years) with a stage II or more severe pressure ulcer. Subjects were classified as well nourished, at risk of malnutrition, or malnourished according to MNA score. Blood was drawn to assess whole blood mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and neutrophil respiratory burst. Delayed-type hypersensitivity to 3 antigens was measured. MNA status was compared with immune parameters using the Kruskall-Wallis test.', 'Of the 24 subjects (23 men, 1 woman) who completed the study protocol, only 4 (17%) were classified as well nourished, whereas 7 (29%) were at risk and 13 (54%) were malnourished according to MNA score. Whole blood lymphocyte proliferation was significantly lower in the malnourished vs at risk subjects with both pokeweed (median [25th, 75th percentile], 0.6 [0.3, 0.9] vs 1.8 [1.2, 2.1] disintegrations per minute [dpm]/cell, p < .05); and concanavalin A (1.7 [0.9, 2.0] vs 2.8 [2.6, 3.9] dpm/cell, p < .05) mitogens. Neutrophil respiratory burst normalized to a young control was significantly lower in malnourished subjects vs well-nourished subjects (0.8 [0.5, 0.9] vs 1.4 [1.0, 1.7], p < .05). Total induration to 3 skin-test antigens was 13.4 +/- 4.6, 3.5 +/- 2.6, and 3.8 +/- 1.8 (mean +/- SEM) for well-nourished, at risk, and malnourished, respectively (p = .059).
Answer: Immune function is impaired with an MNA score indicative of malnutrition in nursing home elders with pressure ulcers.

Ex Output:

Is immune function impaired with a mini nutritional assessment score indicative of malnutrition in nursing home elders with pressure ulcers?