instruction:
In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.
question:
Context: Serum uric acid (SUA) has been associated to incident hypertension and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.', 'Among the 2191 subjects enrolled during the last population survey of the Brisighella Heart Study, we identified 146 new cases of arterial hypertension and 394 treated but uncontrolled hypertensive patients with different levels of SUA. Their hemodynamic characteristics have been compared with those of age- and sex-matched normotensive (N. 324) and controlled hypertensive (N. 470) subjects. Then, by logistic regression analysis, we evaluated which factors were associated with a worse BP control under pharmacological treatment.', 'SUA levels were significantly higher in untreated hypertensive and uncontrolled hypertensive patients when compared to normotensives and controlled hypertensive patients. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was significantly higher (p<0.001) in undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertensive patients, while controlled hypertensive patients had PWV values comparable to normotensive controls. A similar trend has been observed for the augmentation index (AI). A worse BP control was associated with SUA levels (OR 1277, 95% CI 1134-1600 per mg/dL), AI (OR 1066, 95%CI 1041-1092 per unit), and PWV (OR 1201, 95% CI 1089-1423, per m/s), but not with age, body mass index, nor estimated glomerular filtration rate.\Question: Is high serum uric acid associated to poorly controlled blood pressure and higher arterial stiffness in hypertensive subjects?
answer:
Based on our data, SUA seems to be associated with an inadequate BP control in subjects treated with antihypertensive drugs, and subjects with both uncontrolled BP and relatively high SUA levels have also an increased arterial stiffness that (per se) could be a cause of worse BP control under treatment.


question:
Context: Celastrol is an active ingredient of traditional herbal medicine and has recently been identified as a potent natural proteasome inhibitor. In the present study, we evaluated the radiosensitizing potential of celastrol in the human prostate cancer PC-3 model.', 'Clonogenic assays were performed to determine the radiosensitizing effect of celastrol. Apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry using Annexin V and propidium iodide staining and by a caspase-3 activation assay. DNA damage processing was examined by immunofluorescent staining and Western blot for phosphorylated H2AX (gammaH2AX). The PC-3 xenograft model in the athymic nude mouse was used for the determination of the in vivo efficacy of celastrol combined with radiotherapy. The tumor samples were also analyzed for apoptosis and angiogenesis.', 'Celastrol sensitized PC-3 cells to ionizing radiation (IR) in a dose- and schedule-dependent manner, in which pretreatment with celastrol for 1 h followed by IR achieved maximal radiosensitization. Celastrol significantly prolonged the presence of IR-induced gammaH2AX and increased IR-induced apoptosis. Celastrol, combined with fractionated radiation, significantly inhibited PC-3 tumor growth in vivo without obvious systemic toxicity. The combination treatment increased gammaH2AX levels and apoptosis, induced cleavage of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose)polymerase and Mcl-1, and reduced angiogenesis in vivo compared with either treatment alone.\Question: Does celastrol potentiate radiotherapy by impairment of DNA damage processing in human prostate cancer?
answer:
Celastrol sensitized PC-3 cells to radiation both in vitro and in vivo by impairing DNA damage processing and augmenting apoptosis. Celastrol might represent a promising new adjuvant regimen for the treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer.


question:
Context: Uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) plays a major role in repair of uracil formed due to deamination of cytosine. UDG in human cells is present in both the nucleus and mitochondrial compartments. Although, UDG's role in the nucleus is well established its role in mitochondria is less clear.", "In order to identify UDG's role in the mitochondria we expressed UGI (uracil glycosylase inhibitor) a natural inhibitor of UDG in the mitochondria. Our studies suggest that inhibition of UDG by UGI in the mitochondria does not lead to either spontaneous or induced mutations in mtDNA. Our studies also suggest that UGI expression has no affect on cellular growth or cytochrome c-oxidase activity.\Question: Is mitochondrial inhibition of uracil-DNA glycosylase mutagenic?
answer:

These results suggest that human cell mitochondria contain alternatives glycosylase (s) that may function as back up DNA repair protein (s) that repair uracil in the mitochondria.