Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Example Input: Context: DNA methylation is an important biological form of epigenetic modification, playing key roles in plant development and environmental responses.', 'In this study, we examined single-base resolution methylomes of Populus under control and drought stress conditions using high-throughput bisulfite sequencing for the first time. Our data showed methylation levels of methylated cytosines, upstream 2 kp, downstream 2kb, and repeatitive sequences significantly increased after drought treatment in Populus. Interestingly, methylation in 100 bp upstream of the transcriptional start site (TSS) repressed gene expression, while methylations in 100-2000 bp upstream of TSS and within the gene body were positively associated with gene expression. Integrated with the transcriptomic data, we found that all cis-splicing genes were non-methylated, suggesting that DNA methylation may not associate with cis-splicing. However, our results showed that 80% of trans-splicing genes were methylated. Moreover, we found 1156 transcription factors (TFs) with reduced methylation and expression levels and 690 TFs with increased methylation and expression levels after drought treatment. These TFs may play important roles in Populus drought stress responses through the changes of DNA methylation.
Answer: These findings may provide valuable new insight into our understanding of the interaction between gene expression and methylation of drought responses in Populus.
Example Output: Do single-base-resolution methylomes of Populus trichocarpa reveal the association between DNA methylation and drought stress?

Example Input: Context: Besides chronic stress, chronic pain is a prevalent determinant for depression. Changes induced in specific brain regions by sustained pain may alter the processing of affective information, thus resulting in anxiodepressive disorders. Here, we compared the role of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the posterior insular cortex in the anxiodepressive, sensory, and affective aspects of chronic pain.', 'Neuropathic pain was induced by cuffing the right sciatic nerve of C57BL/6J mice. Lesions were performed by local injection of ibotenic acid and chronic activation of the ACC by optogenetic stimulation. Anxiodepressive-related behaviors were evaluated through the novelty suppressed feeding, marble burying, splash, and forced swimming tests. Mechanical thresholds were determined using von Frey filaments, and the relief of spontaneous pain was determined by using place conditioning.', 'The ACC lesion prevented the anxiodepressive consequences of chronic pain without affecting the sensory mechanical allodynia. Conversely, the tonic or spontaneous pain and the anxiodepressive consequences of pain remained present after posterior insular cortex lesion, even though the mechanical allodynia was suppressed. Furthermore, optogenetic stimulation of the ACC was sufficient to induce anxiety and depressive-like behaviors in naïve animals.
Answer: Our results show that, at cortical level, the sensory component of chronic pain remains functionally segregated from its affective and anxiodepressive components. Spontaneous tonic pain and evoked allodynia can be experimentally dissociated. Furthermore, the ACC appears as a critical hub for mood disorders, including for the anxiodepressive consequences of chronic pain, and thus constitutes an important target for divulging the underlying mechanism.
Example Output: Is the anterior cingulate cortex a critical hub for pain-induced depression?

Example Input: Context: Prevention of intraabdominal abscess formation constitutes an important goal in treatment of secondary peritonitis. Fibrinolytic therapy may be effective in this respect. The efficacy of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) and urokinase is compared in a preclinical model for surgical treatment of peritonitis.', 'Peritonitis was induced by intraperitoneal bacterial challenge in male Wistar rats. After 1 hour, surgery was performed. Four groups (n = 20) were treated with one of the following: rtPA, urokinase, streptokinase (a negative protein control), or saline. Blood cultures were taken at 6 and 24 hours; cell counts and cytokine measurements were performed in peritoneal fluid at 1, 3 and 5 days. After 5 days, animals were killed and intraperitoneal abscess formation was analyzed.', 'Both rtPA and urokinase strongly (> 75%) and significantly (P < .05) reduced abscess formation without negative side effects. No bleeding complications were observed. Fibrinolytic therapy altered the intraperitoneal cellular distribution (less neutrophils and more macrophages) but did not essentially alter the courses of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 (decreasing in time) or tumor necrosis factor-* (increasing in time) levels.
Answer: Both rtPA and urokinase effectively and safely reduce abscess formation in a rat model for treatment of secondary peritonitis. Fibrinolytic therapy should be further developed for clinical application.
Example Output:
Do both tissue-type plasminogen activator and urokinase prevent intraabdominal abscess formation after surgical treatment of peritonitis in the rat?