In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
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Question: The acceleration named for this person can take place when particles repeatedly cross the shock front   caused by a supernova. The type of gas named for this person exerts pressure even at absolute zero. This person and Paul Dirac worked out the statistical distribution of particles that obey the Pauli  Exclusion Principle, which is why such particles are named for this person. Those particles, which  have non-integer spins, are contrasted with particles named for Satyendra Nath Bose. Name this  Italian American who created Chicago Pile-1 in 1942, the first man-made nuclear chain reaction.

Answer: Science


Question: One reactant for this reaction is best prepared by an S N 2 nucleophilic addition of a triphenyl compound, followed by elimination of the hydrogen halide by an organolithium reagent. This reaction itself proceeds through a rather unique intermediate formed when the pi electron from the reagents carbon-oxygen double bond migrates to the positively charged pole of one reactant; this intermediate is called a an oxaphosphetane, from which a triphenyl oxide is eliminated to complete the reaction. The aforementioned positively charged pole is on phosphorous because the aforementioned prepared reactant is a phosphorous ylide. For ten points, name this reaction that produces selectively double-bonded alkenes from aldehydes and phosphorous ylides and that is named for the German 1979 Chemistry Nobel winner.

Answer: Science


Question: This element was never present in the Canyon Diablo Troilite, which is why that body defines the origin for plotting the geochron. Ratios between isotopes of a daughter nuclide of this element were used by Clair Patterson to date the Earth. This element was the cause of reactions in the Oklo mine in Gabon. This element forms only in the r-process, and one of the main reasons the age of the galaxy is so imprecisely known is its uncertain production ratio relative to (*) Thorium in supernova emissions. Its decay to lead-206 and 207 is used in a radiometric dating scheme. Its 235 isotope is the only naturally-occurring fissile isotope. For 10 points, name this actinide, the heaviest naturally-occurring element.

Answer:
Science