Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Q: Tinnitus can adversely affect patients' quality of life. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) may be effective in the management of tinnitus. No study has investigated the efficacy of TENS for the management of tinnitus by means of quality of life measures. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of TENS for the management of tinnitus symptoms by using the visual analogue scale (VAS), tinnitus handicap inventory test, Nottingham health profile (NHP) and short form-36 (SF-36) questionnaires.", 'Twenty-two patients were included in this study (male/female, 16/6; mean age, 48.04 +/- 15.57 years). Nine patients had unilateral and 13 patients had bilateral tinnitus.', 'After TENS, improvement measured by VAS was only marginally significant (p = 0.059). However, after TENS, there were statistically significant improvements regarding tinnitus severity scores, tinnitus handicap inventory scores, NHP fatigue, social isolation and emotional problems scores, and many parameters measured by the SF-36 (physical functioning, general health, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health)(p < 0.05).

A: Does treatment of tinnitus with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation improve patients ' quality of life?
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Q: Nanoparticles (NPs) in contact with biological fluids become covered by a tightly bound layer of proteins, the "protein corona", and it is largely accepted that this corona gives a new identity to NPs in biological milieu. We here consider the exposing scenario of NPs through an environmental route exemplified by the use of hydrophobins, highly adhesive proteins that are secreted into the environment in large quantities by fungi. HFBII of Trichoderma reesei has been used as a model protein and we have shown strong binding to polystyrene NPs of different sizes and surface groups. Hydrophobin coated NPs are shown to strongly increase the stability and the dispersion when exposed to human plasma compared to pristine ones particles. It is also shown that the presence of hydrophobin on the NPs results in an attenuated protein corona formation, in a different corona composition, and we also show that hydrophobin remained strongly associated to the NPs in competition with plasma proteins. As a conclusion we therefore suggest that the route of exposure of nanoparticles strongly affects their surface properties and their possible physiological behavior.

A: Does an environmental route of exposure affect the formation of nanoparticle coronas in blood plasma?
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Q: Different risk factors have been suggested for ischemic stroke in young adults. In a group of these patients despite of extensive diagnostic work-up, the primary cause remains unknown. Coagulation tendency is accounted as a possible cause in these patients. Previous studies on factor V Leiden (FVL) as the main cause of inherited thrombophilia for clarifying the role of FVL in stroke have resulted in controversial findings. The current study investigates the role of this factor in ischemic stroke among Iranians.', 'This case-control study was performed between September 2007 and December 2008 in Isfahan, Iran. The case group comprised of 22 patients of which 15 were males and 7 were females with age range of ≤50 years, diagnosed as ischemic stroke without classic risk factors and the control group consisted of 54 healthy young adults. After filling consent form, venous blood samples were obtained and sent to the laboratory for genetic examination.', 'No FVL mutation was found in the case group. There was one carrier of the mutation as heterozygous in the control group (relative frequency = 1.85%).

A:
Does factor V Leiden have a role in cryptogenic ischemic stroke among Iranian young adults?
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