Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[Q]: Obesity and its related co-morbidities such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are increasing dramatically worldwide. The genetic variation in Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3), which is also called adiponutrin (ADPN), in residue 148 (I148M, rs738409) has been associated with NAFLD. However, the regulation and function of PNPLA3 in metabolic diseases remains unclear. Laparoscopic gastric banding (LAGB) of severely obese patients reduces body weight, liver and adipose tissue inflammation. In this study, we investigated whether weight loss induced by LAGB affected PNPLA3 expression in hepatic and adipose tissue.', 'Liver and subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were collected from 28 severely obese patients before and 6\xa0months after LAGB. PNPLA3 expression was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR. To understand whether inflammatory stimuli regulated PNPLA3 expression, we studied the effect of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on PNPLA3 expression in human adipocytes and hepatocytes.', 'PNPLA3 was strongly expressed in the liver and clearly detectable in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese patients. Weight loss induced by LAGB of severely obese patients led to significantly increased adipose, but not hepatic, tissue expression of PNPLA3. Subcutaneous PNPLA3 expression negatively correlated with body-mass-index, fasting glucose and fasting insulin. TNFα potently suppressed PNPLA3 expression in adipocytes but not hepatocytes.
[A]: Does weight loss induced by bariatric surgery restore adipose tissue PNPLA3 expression?


[Q]: Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is characterized by vascular remodeling, high pulmonary blood pressure, and right ventricular hypertrophy. Oxidative stress, inflammation and pulmonary artery remodeling are important components in PAH. Ellagic acid (EA) is a phenolic compound with anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative properties. This study aimed to investigate whether EA could prevent the development of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH in rats.', 'Male Sprague-Dawley rats received EA (30 and 50mg/kg/day) or vehicle one day after a single-dose of monocrotaline (MCT, 60mg/kg). Hemodynamic changes, right ventricular hypertrophy, and lung morphological features were assessed 4weeks later. Activation of the NLRP3 (NACHT, LRR, and PYD domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome pathway in the lungs was assessed using Western blot analysis.', 'MCT induced PAH, oxidative stress, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vehicle-treated rats. EA reduced the right ventricle systolic pressure, the right ventricular hypertrophy and the wall thickness/external diameter ratio of the pulmonary arteries compared with vehicle. EA also inhibited the MCT-induced elevation of oxidative stress, NLRP3, and caspase-1, IL-β in the lungs and the elevated levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and inflammatory cytokines in serum.
[A]: Does ellagic acid prevent monocrotaline-induced pulmonary artery hypertension via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in rats?


[Q]: To determine the presence or absence of a second form of GnRH (GnRH2) and corresponding receptor (GnRHR2) in human uterine myometrium and leiomyomata.', 'Evaluation of human leiomyoma and patient-matched myometrium of differential mRNA and protein expression of GnRH2 and GnRHR2.', 'University hospital.', 'Eight women undergoing medically indicated hysterectomy for symptomatic fibroids.', 'Microarray analysis, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry.', 'Expression of mRNA and protein in leiomyoma and patient-matched myometrium.', 'Microarray analysis demonstrated expression, and we confirmed the findings by RT-PCR. Real-time RT-PCR demonstrated equivalent expression of the genes in leiomyoma compared with patient-matched myometrium (0.99-fold for GnRH2 and 1.28-fold for GnRHR2). Immunohistochemistry confirmed the expression of GnRH2 protein in both leiomyoma and myometrium.
[A]:
Do human myometrium and leiomyomas express gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 and gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 receptor?