TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision.  Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
PROBLEM: rely on a warrant to search a house where the warrant affidavit stated that there was marijuana growing near the house and that there was a road from the house to the marijuana). Of course, the information in the affidavit does not eliminate the possibility that the marijuana came from somewhere else. The affidavit states that the trash was found at the end of a lane that dumped out into a rural highway. Admittedly, the trash could have been flung out the window of a passing car, or it could have fallen off the back of a garbage truck. However, when it comes to probable cause, the name says it all; certainty is never required, only a fair probability. When the issue is one of good-faith reliance, even less is necessary. See United States v. Bynum, 293 F.3d 192, 195 (4th Cir.2002) (<HOLDING>). The affidavit must simply bear some indicia 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that magistrate must have substantial basis for concluding that probable cause exists (B) holding that plaintiff was required to plead and prove the absence of probable cause to support his bivens claim (C) holding that the existence of probable cause for an arrest is a complete defense to a first amendment retaliation claim under the doctrine of qualified immunity (D) holding that the existence of probable cause in a  1983 case is a jury question (E) holding that leon requires a less demanding showing than the substantial basis threshold required to prove the existence of probable cause in the first place

SOLUTION: (E)

PROBLEM: an alcohol concentration of .22. The Commissioner of Public Safety revoked Gergen’s driving privileges, and the district court affirmed. ISSUES 1. Where a district court determines that a person arrested for driving while intoxicated did not make a good faith effort to contact an attorney, is the driver’s right to counsel vindicated even though the telephone provided by the arresting officer is blocked from dialing 800-numbers? 2. Did the police officer violate Minn.Stat. § 481.10? ANALYSIS I. A person arrested for driving while intoxicated (DWI) has a limited right to consult an attorney before deciding whether to submit to chemical testing, provided the consultation does not unreasonably delay the testing. Friedman v. Commissioner of Pub. Safety, 473 N.W.2d 828, 835 (Minn.1991) (<HOLDING>); see Minn. Const. art. I, § 6 (“In all 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that there is no constitutional right to refuse chemical testing under the implied consent law (B) holding that the implied consent warning given to the defendant was not misleading or coercive because the validity of the implied consent notice is not contingent upon other administrative aspects of ocga  405671 (C) holding that officers not required to give implied consent warnings where statute did not apply (D) recognizing that a criminal defendants right to counsel is the right to the effective assistance of counsel (E) holding that right to counsel under implied consent statute is limited because of the evanescent nature of alcohol

SOLUTION: (E)

PROBLEM: Case remanded with instructions. Jurisdiction relinquished. Judge BOWES files a dissenting opinion.' 1 . The parties appeal from the trial court’s order entered April 18, 2012, disposing of their cross post-trial motions, wherein the trial court also directed the Prothonotary to enter judgment. However, the certified record contains no indication that the prothono-tary complied. We note an appeal generally lies from judgments entered following the disposition of post-trial motions. Mackall v. Fleegle, 801 A.2d 577, 580-581 (Pa.Super.2002). However, in the interests of justice and to promote judicial economy an appellate court may "regard as done that which ought to have been done” and proceed in the matter. See McCormick v. Ne. Bank of Pa., 522 Pa. 251, 561 A.2d 328, 330 n. 1 (1989) (<HOLDING>); Fanning v. Davne, 795 A.2d 388, 392 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that when a posttrial motion has been deemed denied the only appealable matter is the original order and that any h previously filed notice of appeal must be amended to appeal from the deemeddenied motion (B) holding that the court of appeals abused its discretion by dismissing the defendants appeal as untimely because as relevant here it would be in the interest of judicial economy to avoid a crim p 85c claim for ineffective assistance of counsel (C) holding in summary judgment context that appellate court may consider other grounds that the movant preserved for review and trial court did not rule on in the interest of judicial economy (D) holding that although an order dismissing appellants motion for posttrial relief was not reduced to judgment in the interests of judicial economy the supreme court could regard as done that which ought to have been done and proceed with the appeal (E) holding that the appellate court should have construed the notice of appeal from the denial of a motion to vacate the judgment as an attempt to appeal from the underlying judgment

SOLUTION:
(D)