TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: In this country, the execution of Auguste Chapdelaine caused France to enter a war that began with this country's seizure of the merchant ship Arrow. A man claiming to be the younger brother of Jesus established the Heavenly Kingdom in this country, which is where the Eight Nation Alliance put down a revolt led by the Society of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists. This country was the site of the Opium Wars and the Taiping and Boxer Rebellions. For 10 points, name this country ruled during the 19th century by the Qing Dynasty.

SOLUTION: History

PROBLEM: The theory in which these particles appear is an SU(3) gauge theory, and particles composed only of them are predicted to exist, but the only candidate known, f(1710), decays too quickly into K-mesons. During the first ten microseconds after the Big Bang, the state of matter where hadrons are decomposed that was said to have formed is known as a plasma of quarks and these particles. A vector gauge boson of spin 1, they have only two polarization states and have eight independent types, and although their exchange results in a change of color, the quarks maintains the balance of color. Carriers of the strong nuclear force, these are, FTP, which subatomic particles that cause quarks to interact and thus the binding of protons and neutrons in nuclei

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: This structure's namesake trafficking regulator gene is mutated in sufferers of ChediakHigashi syndrome, in which these structures are both abnormally enlarged and reduced in number. Proteins targeted to this organelle have mannose 6-phosphate residues. Tay-Sachs disease is characterized by the accumulation of gangliosides in these organelles, which can fuse with phagosomes. Found only in animal cells, these organelles have a pH of approximately five, and are prone to storage diseases. FTP name this cell organelle that has digestive enzymes for breaking down certain cell parts.

SOLUTION:
Science