In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
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Question: This man's namesake elasticity describes surface tension resistance when a surface is stretched, and can be applied to surface-tension-related mass transfer in an effect named for this man and Marangoni. For a mixture at constant temperature and pressure, the change in the chemical potential of the system can be obtained using an equation named for this man and Duhem. Another equation named for this man is used to calculate the degrees of freedom of a system depending in part on its number of components. For 10 points, name this man with a namesake phase rule and a thermodynamic quantity useful in predicting the spontaneity of a chemical reaction, his free energy.

Answer: Science


Question: Sections of this work discuss early Roman law and the Germanic wadium, while it begins with a quote from the Havamal, a portion of the Edda. This work extends the author's first work, a collaboration in which he analyzed analogous ideas in Hinduism and Judaism. Marilyn Strathern critiqued this book from a gender perspective, while Sahlins' article on the "The Spirit of [It]", claimed that its author may have misunderstood an idea called the hau, in which the souls of the people involved in the title ritual become intermingled. The author views the title concept as multivalentthat is, a situation where a single action stands for all of society, called a total prestation. Drawing from Malinowski's study of the kula ring and the institution of the potlatch, for 10 points, identify this sociological work about the titular exchange by Marcel Mauss.

Answer: Social Science


Question: Data obtained from this equation can be correlated with the Reidel Equation; another alternative to it is the Wagner Equation which works over a wide range of temperatures. This statement can be derived from the Gibbs-Duhem relation assuming phases are in equilibrium contact and chemical potential is equal. It only applies when a gas is one phase of the transition, and its formulation can be derived given one point on the coexistance line. Using two approximations, it assumes the change in Gibbs free energy is zero and its common form is derived from the First Law of Thermodynamics. Modified by the Antoine Equation, it states that the derivative of pressure with respect to temperature is equivalent to the heat absorbed over the temperature and volume. FTP, identify this equation used to model phase transitions.

Answer:
Science