In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

Ex Input:
One ruler of this nation helped Ordelafo Faliero and Baldwin I at the Siege of Sidon and was known as the Crusader. This country's communist-friendly DNA Party was able to pass much legislation after allying with its Agrarian Party in 1935. Duke Skule lost a battle in its modern capital in 1240, a capital also attacked by Erik of Sodermanland in 1350. During World War II, its resistance movement helped sabotage its heavy water facilities, while in the 19th century, the Storting Parliament held great influence in this country. A governor and later king of this country helped draft the Constitution of May 17, 1814 in the city of Eidsvoll after control of this country switched hands following the Treaty of Kiel. Oldenburg dynasty saw the rule of several monarchs named Frederick and Christian and it was ruled during World War II by Vidkun Quisling. For 10 points, name this country whose capital at Kristiania was renamed Oslo.

Ex Output:
History


Ex Input:
One king of this name and number married Joan of Navarre and fended off the "Epiphany Uprising. " Another king by this name and number had Maximilian de Bethune, Duke de Sully negotiate the Peace of Savoy, but was assassinated by Francois Ravalliac. Yet another ruler of this name and number dealt with the rise of anti-king Rudolf of Swabia, and had installed Clement III as pope, though he had earlier traveled to Canossa to reconcile with Pope Gregory VII. For 10 points, identify this name and number shared by the Holy Roman Emperor involved in the Investiture controversy as well as the Bourbon king of Navarre who declared that "Paris is worth a Mass. "

Ex Output:
History


Ex Input:
One of these entities that represents the location of vertices on a graph is the ""adjacency"" type. One used to identify resemblances between two data points is a similarity type. A collection of second-order partial derivatives of a function may be collected in a Hessian one of these entities. First-order derivatives are collected in the Jacobian one. If one of these entities is invertible, it is row-equivalent to an identity variety, and its determinant is nonzero. Multiplication of these entities is notably not commutative. For 10 points, name this rectangular array of numbers.

Ex Output:

Science