Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

To investigate the surgical techniques and speech performance of multichannel auditory brainstem implant (ABI) in patients with bilateral acoustic neuromas (neurofibromatosis type 2).', 'The nucleus 21 channel auditory brainstem implant was implanted into the lateral recess of the fourth ventricle through the translabyrinthine approach in 7 patients after removal of the tumor. The accurate placement of electrode array was ensured by the electromyogram monitoring of the 7th and 9th nerves and the electrically evoked auditory brainstem responses (EABR). Initial switch-on occurred six weeks postoperatively. Speech evaluation was performed every 3 months for the first year and annually thereafter.', 'During the surgery, the lateral recess could be found and the typical EABR could be recorded in 6 cases. They later reported a significant benefit from the device. Two of the cases have achieved functional open-set speech understanding. In contrast, one patient with no EABR because of difficulty of the anatomic location during the surgery had no sensations postoperatively.
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Left ventricular aneurysm repair (LVR) reduces LV wall stress and improves LV function. However, as we reported previously, the initial improvement of LVR was short-term because of LV remodeling but could be maintained longer with postoperative use of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has been used to treat patients with heart failure by natriuretic and vasodilatory actions. Recent reports have suggested that ANP inhibits the rennin-angiotensin system. In this study, the effects of ANP after LVR were evaluated.', 'Rats that had an LV aneurysm 4 weeks after left anterior descending artery ligation underwent LVR by plicating the LV aneurysm and were randomized into 2 groups: LVR+A group was intravenously administrated with 10 microg/h of carperitide, recombinant alpha-hANP, by osmotic-pump for 4 weeks, and the LVR group was given normal saline. Echocardiography revealed better LV remodeling and function in LVR+A group than in LVR group. Four weeks after LVR, left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and Tau were significantly lower in LVR+A group (LVEDP: 10+/-4 in LVR+A group versus 18+/-6 mm Hg in LVR group, Tau: 13+/-2 versus 17+/-2ms). End-systolic elastance (Ees) was higher in LVR+A group (Ees: 0.34+/-0.2 versus 0.19+/-0.11 mm Hg/microL). The levels of myocardial ACE activity in LVR+A group was significantly lower than in LVR group. The mRNA expressions of brain natriuretic peptide and transforming growth factor beta1 inducing fibrosis significantly decreased in LV myocardium in LVR+A group. Histologically, myocardial fibrosis was significantly reduced in LVR+A group.
0

To determine whether rubella virus (RV) is involved in the pathogenesis of Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHI).', 'Retrospective patient-controlled study.', 'Intraocular immunoglobulin G production against RV, herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and Toxoplasma gondii was determined in the aqueous humor of 14 patients with FHI, 13 control subjects with herpetic uveitis anterior, and 19 control subjects with ocular toxoplasmosis by calculation of the Goldmann-Witmer coefficient (GWC).', 'All patients and control subjects were seropositive for RV. Intraocular antibody production (GWC >3) against RV was found in 13 of 14 patients (93%) with FHI. Intraocular antibody production against HSV, VZV, or T gondii was not detected. None of the control subjects with herpetic uveitis anterior or with toxoplasma chorioretinitis had a positive GWC for rubella virus (P < .0001, Fisher exact test).

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