Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Context: To investigate serum beta2-glycoprotein I-low-density lipoprotein (β2-GPI-LDL) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, and to further evaluate the associations of β2-GPI-LDL with ox-LDL in vivo and with the presence of diabetic microvascular complications.', 'We determined β2-GPI-LDL, ox-LDL and small dense low density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) levels in 236 T2DM patients with or without microvascular complications and 75 controls. The correlation analyses, multiple linear regression analyses and logistic regression analyses were performed, respectively.', 'Compared with controls, β2-GPI-LDL and ox-LDL levels were significantly elevated in both groups of T2DM patients and those with microvascular complications exhibited the more significant increase than those without complications. Serum β2-GPI-LDL levels were positively correlated with ox-LDL as well as sdLDL-C levels in T2DM patients. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that ox-LDL was one of the independent determinants of β2-GPI-LDL levels. Logistic regression analyses indicated that elevated β2-GPI-LDL and ox-LDL levels had significant predictive values for diabetic microvascular complications.
Answer: Elevated serum β2-GPI-LDL levels may be a serological hallmark of enhanced LDL oxidation in vivo and closely associated with the presence of diabetic microvascular complications.
Are elevated beta2-glycoprotein I-low-density lipoprotein levels associated with the presence of diabetic microvascular complications?

Context: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) without predilatation has fewer procedural steps and thereby potentially fewer complications. This has been demonstrated for the antegrade transapical access; however, whether TAVI can be safely performed without predilatation using the retrograde transfemoral route is unknown.', 'We postulated that TAVI is feasible with a balloon-expandable device without predilatation using the retrograde transfemoral route.', 'Twenty-six consecutive patients with stenosis of the native aortic valve (AV) undergoing transfemoral TAVI with the Edwards SAPIEN XT prosthesis without predilatation were enrolled in this retrospective study and compared with 30 patients treated previously with predilatation.', 'The procedure was successfully performed in all 26 patients, irrespective of the AV area and the extent of AV calcification. At baseline mean AV area, mean AV gradient, and median left ventricular ejection fraction were 0.7 ± 0.2 cm(2) , 36.0 ± 17.3 mm Hg, and 55.0% (interquartile range [IQR], 35.0-60.0], respectively; prior to discharge these values were 1.7 ± 0.3 (P < 0.001), 9.8 ± 6.1 mm Hg (P < 0.001), and 57.5% (IQR, 38.7-60.0) (P = not significant). Postdilatation was required in 3 patients due to aortic regurgitation > 2°; this was reduced by the procedure to < 2° in all cases. Radiation dose and amount of contrast dye were significantly reduced in comparison with the predilatation group. No periprocedural neurological adverse events occurred. Mortality at 30 days was 0%.
Answer: TAVI without predilatation using the transfemoral Edwards SAPIEN XT valve is feasible and safe. Larger studies are required to further evaluate this approach.
Is transfemoral aortic valve implantation of Edwards SAPIEN XT without predilatation feasible?

Context: Since growth and de novo generation of cerebrovascular malformations were demonstrated, a strictly congenital model cannot be further supported as unique factor in the pathogenesis of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has previously been demonstrated to be highly expressed in AVMs by immunohistochemical methods. However, systemic VEGF levels have not been analysed previously. This study aimed to investigate VEGF plasma concentrations as a possible plasma marker for neovascularization in patients with cerebral AVMs compared to healthy controls.', 'The study included 17 patients with cerebral AVMs and 40 healthy controls. VEGF plasma concentrations were measured by a specific enzyme immuno-assay.', 'VEGF plasma concentrations were significantly higher in patients with cerebral AVMs (mean 140.9 pg/ml, SD 148.5 pg/ml and median 63.0 pg/ml) compared to a healthy control group (mean 44.7 pg/ml, SD 36.4 pg/ml and median 35.0 pg/ml), p = 0.0003.
Answer: Our findings suggest that VEGF plasma concentrations might play a role in the pathogenesis of cerebral AVMs. Further studies are necessary and would contribute to an improved understanding of the pathogenesis of cerebral AVMs.

Are vascular endothelial growth factor plasma levels significantly elevated in patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations?