TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: Earthworms uniquely use the molecule lombricine to react with this molecule. This molecule activates P2X3 and P2X2/3, two receptors that control pain responses, and in conjunction with luciferin this molecule is responsible for the light of fireflies. In the muscular tissue of chordates, this compound donates a group to creatine. In proteins, this molecule, first synthesized by Alexander Todd, is almost always bound by a magnesium cofactor, and large quantities of this molecule are produced via oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain. For 10 points, name this molecule discovered by Karl Lohmann,, the energy currency of the cell.

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: One ruler of this dynasty avoided a prophecy of his death by abdicating in favor of the puppet Yusufi for four days during his persecution of Nuqtavis. This dynasty was defeated at Gulnabad by the Ghilzai leader Mahmud. Its founder was victorious at Merv over the Uzbeks and had earlier overthrown the White Sheep dynasty. This dynasty was eventually supplanted by Karim Khan and the Zand dynasty, and its final rulers were puppets of Nadir Shah. Tahmasp I was a ruler of this dynasty, which was defeated at Chaldiran by Selim the Grim. Under Abbas I, this dynasty established a capital at Isfahan, and it was founded with the help of the Qizilbash by Ismail I. For 10 points, name this Shi'ite dynasty that ruled Persia from 1501 to 1736.

SOLUTION: History

PROBLEM: In his inaugural address, this man noted that "the great scheme of our constitutional liberty rests upon a proper distribution of power between the State and Federal authorities. " He made Caleb Cushing his attorney general, and appointed only one Supreme Court Justice, John Campbell. His administration's foreign policy mistakes included recognizing William Walker's filibuster government in Nicaragua as well as having his Secretary of State William Marcy wind up on the receiving end of the Ostend Manifesto. This man's nomination was the result of deadlock between Lewis Cass, Stephen Douglas, and James Buchanan, and his cabinet included Jefferson Davis as Secretary of War. For ten points, identify this man, nicknamed "Young Hickory" for his ardent Jacksonianism, a Democrat who was elected President in 1852.

SOLUTION:
History