instruction:
In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling
question:
when carlton and caldwell began to leave underground atlanta, carlton waved down police.
answer:
non-overruling


question:
because we find that the crane case was wrongfully decided, we overrule that decision and reverse the trial court's order dismissing muhammad's claims.
answer:
overruling


question:
defense counsel questioned grimes at length about what defendant had been wearing and whether he had made inconsistent statements about defendant's shirt and boots.
answer:

non-overruling