In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

Q: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Reducing Lead in Drinking Water 
Act''.

SEC. 2. REDUCING LEAD IN DRINKING WATER.

    (a) Definition of Lead Service Line.--Section 1401 of the Safe 
Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f) is amended by adding at the end the 
following new paragraph:
            ``(17) Lead service line.--The term `lead service line' 
        means a service line that is not lead free (within the meaning 
        of section 1417).''.
    (b) Replacing Lead Service Lines.--Section 1417 of the Safe 
Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300g-6) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:
    ``(f) Replacing Lead Service Lines.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' 
                means--
                            ``(i) an owner or operator of a public 
                        water system;
                            ``(ii) a qualified nonprofit organization, 
                        as determined by the Administrator; or
                            ``(iii) a municipality or a State, 
                        interstate, or intermunicipal agency.
                    ``(B) Lead pipe replacement program.--The term 
                `lead pipe replacement program' means a project or 
                activity the primary purpose of which is to eliminate 
                lead in water for human consumption by--
                            ``(i) replacing lead service lines;
                            ``(ii) testing, planning, or carrying out 
                        other relevant activities, as determined by the 
                        Administrator, to identify the location and 
                        condition of lead service lines; or
                            ``(iii) providing assistance to low-income 
                        homeowners to replace privately owned lead 
                        service lines.
                    ``(C) Low-income homeowner.--The term `low-income 
                homeowner' has such meaning as may be given the term by 
                the Governor of the applicable State.
            ``(2) Grant program.--
                    ``(A) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after 
                the date of enactment of this subsection, the 
                Administrator shall establish a grant program to 
                provide assistance to eligible entities for lead pipe 
                replacement programs.
                    ``(B) Evaluation.--In determining whether to 
                provide assistance to an eligible entity under this 
                subsection, the Administrator shall evaluate whether 
                the eligible entity has--
                            ``(i) a current inventory of lead service 
                        lines in the applicable public water system;
                            ``(ii) a plan to notify customers of such 
                        public water system of the replacement of any 
                        publicly owned portion of a lead service line;
                            ``(iii) a plan to replace the privately 
                        owned portion of a lead service line at the 
                        cost of replacement;
                            ``(iv) a plan for a program of assistance 
                        to low-income homeowners to replace the 
                        privately owned portion of lead service lines; 
                        or
                            ``(v) a plan of recommended measures to 
                        avoid exposure of the public to short-term 
                        increases in lead levels following a lead 
                        service line replacement.
                    ``(C) Priority application.--In providing 
                assistance under this subsection, the Administrator 
                shall give priority to an eligible entity that--
                            ``(i) will carry out a lead pipe 
                        replacement program at a public water system 
                        that has exceeded the lead action level 
                        established by the Administrator at any time 
                        during the 3-year period preceding the date of 
                        submission of the application of the eligible 
                        entity;
                            ``(ii) will address lead levels in water 
                        for human consumption at a school, daycare, or 
                        other facility that primarily serves children 
                        or subpopulations at greater risk as identified 
                        under section 1458(a);
                            ``(iii) will include in the lead pipe 
                        replacement program a program to provide 
                        assistance to low-income homeowners; or
                            ``(iv) addresses such priority criteria as 
                        the Administrator may establish, consistent 
                        with the goal of reducing lead in water for 
                        human consumption.
                    ``(D) Cost sharing.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        the non-Federal share of the total cost of a 
                        program funded by a grant provided under this 
                        subsection shall be not less than 20 percent.
                            ``(ii) Waiver.--The Administrator may 
                        reduce or eliminate the non-Federal share 
                        required under clause (i) for reasons of 
                        affordability, as the Administrator determines 
                        to be appropriate.
                    ``(E) Low-income homeowner assistance.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        an eligible entity may use a grant provided 
                        under this subsection to provide assistance to 
                        low-income homeowners to replace privately 
                        owned lead service lines.
                            ``(ii) Limitation.--The amount of 
                        assistance provided to an individual low-income 
                        homeowner under this subparagraph shall not 
                        exceed $10,000.
            ``(3) Guidance.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        enactment of this subsection, the Administrator shall, in 
        cooperation with States and qualified nonprofit organizations, 
        develop guidance for owners and operators of public water 
        systems to assist such owners and operators in the preparation 
        of an inventory of lead service lines in their public water 
        system.
            ``(4) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
        authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection 
        $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 through 2021.''.

A: Reducing Lead in Drinking Water Act This bill amends the Safe Drinking Water Act to direct the Environmental Protection Agency to establish a grant program to remove lead service lines from public water systems. Grant recipients may use grant funds to assist low-income homeowners with replacing privately owned lead service lines.
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Q: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
    This Act may be cited as the ``Fair Treatment for Experienced 
Pilots Act''.
SEC. 2. AGE STANDARDS FOR PILOTS.
    (a) In General.--Chapter 447 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 44729. Age standards for pilots
    ``(a) In General.--Subject to the limitation in subsection (c), a 
pilot may serve in multicrew covered operations until attaining 65 
years of age.
    ``(b) Covered Operations Defined.--In this section, the term 
`covered operations' means operations under part 121 of title 14, Code 
of Federal Regulations.
    ``(c) Limitation for International Flights.--
        ``(1) Applicability of icao standard.--A pilot who has attained 
    60 years of age may serve as pilot-in-command in covered operations 
    between the United States and another country only if there is 
    another pilot in the flight deck crew who has not yet attained 60 
    years of age.
        ``(2) Sunset of limitation.--Paragraph (1) shall cease to be 
    effective on such date as the Convention on International Civil 
    Aviation provides that a pilot who has attained 60 years of age may 
    serve as pilot-in-command in international commercial operations 
    without regard to whether there is another pilot in the flight deck 
    crew who has not attained age 60.
    ``(d) Sunset of Age 60 Retirement Rule.--On and after the date of 
enactment of this section, section 121.383(c) of title 14, Code of 
Federal Regulations, shall cease to be effective.
    ``(e) Applicability.--
        ``(1) Nonretroactivity.--No person who has attained 60 years of 
    age before the date of enactment of this section may serve as a 
    pilot for an air carrier engaged in covered operations unless--
            ``(A) such person is in the employment of that air carrier 
        in such operations on such date of enactment as a required 
        flight deck crew member; or
            ``(B) such person is newly hired by an air carrier as a 
        pilot on or after such date of enactment without credit for 
        prior seniority or prior longevity for benefits or other terms 
        related to length of service prior to the date of rehire under 
        any labor agreement or employment policies of the air carrier.
        ``(2) Protection for compliance.--An action taken in 
    conformance with this section, taken in conformance with a 
    regulation issued to carry out this section, or taken prior to the 
    date of enactment of this section in conformance with section 
    121.383(c) of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect 
    before such date of enactment), may not serve as a basis for 
    liability or relief in a proceeding, brought under any employment 
    law or regulation, before any court or agency of the United States 
    or of any State or locality.
    ``(f) Amendments to Labor Agreements and Benefit Plans.--Any 
amendment to a labor agreement or benefit plan of an air carrier that 
is required to conform with the requirements of this section or a 
regulation issued to carry out this section, and is applicable to 
pilots represented for collective bargaining, shall be made by 
agreement of the air carrier and the designated bargaining 
representative of the pilots of the air carrier.
    ``(g) Medical Standards and Records.--
        ``(1) Medical examinations and standards.--Except as provided 
    by paragraph (2), a person serving as a pilot for an air carrier 
    engaged in covered operations shall not be subject to different 
    medical standards, or different, greater, or more frequent medical 
    examinations, on account of age unless the Secretary determines 
    (based on data received or studies published after the date of 
    enactment of this section) that different medical standards, or 
    different, greater, or more frequent medical examinations, are 
    needed to ensure an adequate level of safety in flight.
        ``(2) Duration of first-class medical certificate.--No person 
    who has attained 60 years of age may serve as a pilot of an air 
    carrier engaged in covered operations unless the person has a 
    first-class medical certificate. Such a certificate shall expire on 
    the last day of the 6-month period following the date of 
    examination shown on the certificate.
    ``(h) Safety.--
        ``(1) Training.--Each air carrier engaged in covered operations 
    shall continue to use pilot training and qualification programs 
    approved by the Federal Aviation Administration, with specific 
    emphasis on initial and recurrent training and qualification of 
    pilots who have attained 60 years of age, to ensure continued 
    acceptable levels of pilot skill and judgment.
        ``(2) Line evaluations.--Not later than 6 months after the date 
    of enactment of this section, and every 6 months thereafter, an air 
    carrier engaged in covered operations shall evaluate the 
    performance of each pilot of the air carrier who has attained 60 
    years of age through a line check of such pilot. Notwithstanding 
    the preceding sentence, an air carrier shall not be required to 
    conduct for a 6-month period a line check under this paragraph of a 
    pilot serving as second-in-command if the pilot has undergone a 
    regularly scheduled simulator evaluation during that period.
        ``(3) GAO report.--Not later than 24 months after the date of 
    enactment of this section, the Comptroller General shall submit to 
    the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
    Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
    Transportation of the Senate a report concerning the effect, if 
    any, on aviation safety of the modification to pilot age standards 
    made by subsection (a).''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 447 of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

``44729. Age standards for pilots.''.


                               Speaker of the House of Representatives.

                            Vice President of the United States and    
                                               President of the Senate.

A: Fair Treatment for Experienced Pilots Act - Amends federal transportation law to allow a pilot who has attained 60 years of age to serve as a passenger airline pilot until the age of 65, provided that a pilot who has attained age 60 may serve as pilot-in-command on international flights only if there is another pilot in the flight crew who has not yet attained 60 years of age.

Prohibits subjecting pilots to different medical examinations and standards on account of age unless to ensure an adequate level of safety in flight, except that no person who has attained 60 years of age may serve as a pilot unless such person has a first-class medical certificate.

Requires air carriers to: (1) continue to provide FAA-approved training to pilots, with specific emphasis on initial and recurring training and qualification of pilots who have attained 60 years of age; and (2) evaluate, every six months, the performance of pilots who have attained 60 years of age through a line check of such pilot.

Requires the Comptroller General to report to Congress on the effect of the modification of pilot age requirements, if any, on aviation safety.
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Q: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

     This Act may be cited as the ``Universal Prekindergarten Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.

    (a) Findings.--The Congress finds the following:
            (1) High-quality prekindergarten programs help children to 
        succeed academically. Children who attended a high-quality 
        prekindergarten program have higher academic achievement, lower 
        rates of grade retention, are less likely to be placed in 
        special education, and graduate from high school at higher 
        rates than those who did not.
            (2) Early childhood education can reduce juvenile 
        delinquency rates. A 15-year study following 989 low-income 
        children who attended high-quality, comprehensive 
        prekindergarten found that they were 33 percent less likely to 
        be arrested, and 42 percent less likely to be arrested for a 
        violent crime, than children in the control group.
            (3) There is currently a drastic shortage of affordable, 
        quality early education programs that are accessible for 
        working families.
            (4) Full-day, full-calendar-year universal prekindergarten 
        programs would ensure all children 3, 4, and 5 years old have 
        access to school readiness programs and quality child care.
            (5) Research shows that investing in quality 
        prekindergarten programs will provide savings in the form of 
        reduced need for remedial education, decreased crime rates, 
        lower school dropout rates, and decreased welfare dependence.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of this Act is to ensure that all 
children 3, 4, and 5 years old have access to a high-quality full-day, 
full-calendar-year prekindergarten program by providing grants to 
States to assist in developing a universal prekindergarten program that 
is voluntary and free-of-charge.

SEC. 3. PREKINDERGARTEN GRANT PROGRAM AUTHORIZATION.

     The Secretary of Health and Human Services, in consultation with 
the Secretary of Education, shall provide grants to an agency 
designated by each State (hereafter in this Act referred to as the 
``designated State agency'') for the development of high-quality full-
day, full-calendar-year universal prekindergarten programs for all 
children 3, 4, and 5 years old in the State.

SEC. 4. STATE REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) State Matching Funds.--Federal funds made available to a 
designated State agency under this Act shall be matched at least 20 
percent by State funds.
    (b) State Application.--To be eligible to receive funds under this 
Act, a designated State agency shall submit an application at such 
time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary 
of Health and Human Services may require. The application shall include 
the following:
            (1) How the designated State agency, in overseeing the 
        State's universal prekindergarten program, will coordinate with 
        other State agencies responsible for early childhood education 
        and health programs.
            (2) A State plan to establish and implement a statewide 
        universal prekindergarten program, in accordance with 
        subsection (c).
    (c) State Plan.--The State plan required under subsection (b)(2) 
shall include each of the following:
            (1) A description of the universal prekindergarten program 
        that will be established and how it will support children's 
        cognitive, social, emotional, and physical development.
            (2) A statement of the goals for universal prekindergarten 
        programs and how program outcomes will be measured.
            (3) A description of--
                    (A) how funding will be distributed to eligible 
                prekindergarten program providers based on the need for 
                early childhood education in each geographical area 
                served by such providers; and
                    (B) how the designated State agency will involve 
                representatives of early childhood program providers 
                (including child care providers, Head Start programs, 
                and State and local agencies) that sponsor programs 
                addressing children 3, 4, and 5 years old.
            (4) A description of how the designated State agency will 
        coordinate with existing State-funded prekindergarten programs, 
        federally funded programs (such as Head Start programs), public 
        school programs, and child care providers.
            (5) A description of how an eligible prekindergarten 
        program provider may apply to the designated State agency for 
        funding under this Act.
            (6) A plan to address the shortages of qualified early 
        childhood education teachers, including how to increase such 
        teachers' compensation to be comparable to that of public 
        school teachers.
            (7) How the designated State agency will provide ongoing 
        professional development opportunities to help increase the 
        number of teachers in early childhood programs who meet the 
        State's education or credential requirements for 
        prekindergarten teachers.
            (8) A plan to address how the universal prekindergarten 
        program will meet the needs of children with disabilities, 
        limited English proficiency, and other special needs.
            (9) A plan to provide transportation to children to and 
        from the universal prekindergarten program.
            (10) A description of how the State will provide the 20 
        percent match of Federal funds.
    (d) Administration.--A designated State agency may not use more 
than 5 percent of a grant under this Act for costs associated with 
State administration of the program under this Act.

SEC. 5. LOCAL REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) In General.--An eligible prekindergarten program provider 
receiving funding under this Act shall--
            (1) maintain a maximum class size of 20 children;
            (2) maintain a ratio of not more than 10 children for each 
        member of the teaching staff;
            (3)(A) ensure that all prekindergarten teachers meet the 
        requirements for teachers at a State-funded prekindergarten 
        program under an applicable State law; and
            (B) document that the State is demonstrating significant 
        progress in assisting prekindergarten teachers on working 
        toward a bachelor of arts degree with training in early 
        childhood development or early childhood education;
            (4)(A) be accredited by a national organization with 
        demonstrated experience in accrediting prekindergarten 
        programs; or
            (B) provide assurances that it shall obtain such 
        accreditation not later than 3 years after first receiving 
        funding under this Act; and
            (5) meet applicable State and local child care licensing 
        health and safety standards.
    (b) Local Application.--Eligible prekindergarten program providers 
desiring to receive funding under this Act shall submit an application 
to the designated State agency overseeing funds under this Act 
containing the following:
            (1) A description of the prekindergarten program.
            (2) A statement of the demonstrated need for a program, or 
        an enhanced or expanded program, in the area served by the 
        eligible prekindergarten program provider.
            (3) A description of the age-appropriate and 
        developmentally appropriate educational curriculum to be 
        provided that will help children be ready for school and assist 
        them in the transition to kindergarten.
            (4) A description of how the eligible prekindergarten 
        program provider will collaborate with existing community-based 
        child care providers and Head Start programs.
            (5) A description of how students and families will be 
        assisted in obtaining supportive services available in their 
        communities.
            (6) A plan to promote parental involvement in the 
        prekindergarten program.
            (7) A description of how teachers will receive ongoing 
        professional development in early childhood development and 
        education.
            (8) An assurance that prekindergarten programs receiving 
        funds under this Act provide the data required in section 7(c).

SEC. 6. PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT SET-ASIDE.

    (a) In General.--A designated State agency may set aside up to 5 
percent of a grant under this Act for ongoing professional development 
activities for teachers and staff at prekindergarten programs that wish 
to participate in the universal prekindergarten grant program under 
this Act. A designated State agency using the set-aside for 
professional development must include in its application the following:
            (1) A description of how the designated State agency will 
        ensure that eligible prekindergarten program providers in a 
        range of settings (including child care providers, Head Start 
        programs, and schools) will participate in the professional 
        development programs.
            (2) An assurance that, in developing its application and in 
        carrying out its program, the professional development provider 
        has consulted, and will consult, with relevant agencies, early 
        childhood organizations, early childhood education experts, and 
        early childhood program providers.
            (3) A description of how the designated State agency will 
        ensure that the professional development is ongoing and 
        accessible to educators in all geographic areas of the State, 
        including by the use of advanced educational technologies.
            (4) A description of how the designated State agency will 
        ensure that such set-aside funds will be used to pay the cost 
        of additional education and training.
            (5) A description of how the designated State agency will 
        work with other agencies and institutions of higher education 
        to provide scholarships and other financial assistance to 
        prekindergarten staff.
            (6) A description of how the State educational agency will 
        provide a financial incentive, such as a financial stipend or a 
        bonus, to educators who participate in and complete such 
        professional development.
            (7) A description of how the professional development 
        activities will be carried out, including the following:
                    (A) How programs and educators will be selected to 
                participate.
                    (B) How professional development providers will be 
                selected, based on demonstrated experience in providing 
                research-based professional development to early 
                childhood educators.
                    (C) The types of research-based professional 
                development activities that will be carried out in all 
                domains of children's physical, cognitive, social, and 
                emotional development and on early childhood pedagogy.
                    (D) How the program will train early childhood 
                educators to meet the diverse educational needs of 
                children in the community, especially children who have 
                limited English proficiency, disabilities, and other 
                special needs.
                    (E) How the program will coordinate with and build 
                upon, but not supplant or duplicate, early childhood 
                education professional development activities that 
                exist in the community.
    (b) Uses of Funds.--Funds set aside under this section may be used 
for ongoing professional development--
            (1) to provide prekindergarten teachers and staff with the 
        knowledge and skills for the application of recent research on 
        child cognitive, social, emotional, and physical development, 
        including language and literacy development, and on early 
        childhood pedagogy;
            (2) to provide the cost of education needed to obtain a 
        credential or degree with specific training in early childhood 
        development or education;
            (3) to work with children who have limited English 
        proficiency, disabilities, and other special needs; and
            (4) to select and use developmentally appropriate screening 
        and diagnostic assessments to improve teaching and learning and 
        make appropriate referrals for services to support 
        prekindergarten children's development and learning.

SEC. 7. REPORTING.

    (a) Report by Secretary.--For each year in which funding is 
provided under this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human Services 
shall submit an annual report to the Congress on the implementation and 
effectiveness of the universal prekindergarten program under this Act.
    (b) Report by Designated State Agency.--Each designated State 
agency that provides grants to eligible prekindergarten program 
providers under this Act shall submit to the Secretary an annual report 
on the implementation and effectiveness of the programs in the State 
supported under this Act. Such report shall contain such additional 
information as the Secretary may reasonably require.
    (c) Report by Grant Recipient.--Each eligible prekindergarten 
program provider that receives a grant under this Act shall submit to 
the designated State agency an annual report that includes, with 
respect to the program supported by such grant, the following:
            (1) A description of the type of program and a statement of 
        the number and ages of children served by the program, as well 
        as the number and ages of children with a disability or a 
        native language other than English.
            (2) A description of the qualifications of the program 
        staff and the type of ongoing professional development provided 
        to such staff.
            (3) A statement of all sources of Federal, State, local, 
        and private funds received by the program.
            (4) A description of the curricula, materials, and 
        activities used by the program to support early childhood 
        development and learning.
            (5) Such other information as the designated State agency 
        may reasonably require.

SEC. 8. FEDERAL FUNDS SUPPLEMENTARY.

     Funds made available under this Act may not be used to supplant 
other Federal, State, local, or private funds that would, in the 
absence of such Federal funds, be made available for the program 
assisted under this Act.

SEC. 9. DEFINITIONS.

     In this Act:
            (1) The term ``eligible prekindergarten program provider'' 
        means a prekindergarten program provider that is--
                    (A) a school;
                    (B) supported, sponsored, supervised, or carried 
                out by a local educational agency;
                    (C) a Head Start program; or
                    (D) a child care provider.
            (2) The term ``prekindergarten program'' means a program 
        serving children 3, 4, and 5 years old that supports children's 
        cognitive, social, emotional, and physical development and 
        helps prepare those children for the transition to 
        kindergarten.
            (3) The term ``local educational agency'' has the meaning 
        given that term in the Elementary and Secondary Education Act 
        of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.).
            (4) The term ``prekindergarten teacher'' means an 
        individual who has received, or is working toward, a bachelor 
        of arts degree in early childhood education.

SEC. 10. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

     There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this Act--
            (1) $10,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2003;
            (2) $20,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2004;
            (3) $30,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2005;
            (4) $40,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; and
            (5) $50,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2007.

A:
Universal Prekindergarten Act - Directs the Secretary of Health and Human Services to provide grants to a designated State agency for development of universal prekindergaten programs for all children three, four, and five years old in the State.

Requires the State to: (1) match Federal funds by at least 20 percent; and (2) submit a State plan to establish, coordinate, and implement a statewide universal prekindergarten program. Authorizes State agencies to set aside up to five percent of a grant for ongoing professional development activities for teachers and staff of prekindergarten programs that wish to participate.
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