In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

[EX Q]: Context: The effect of inhalational anesthetics on sensory-evoked unit activity in the cerebral cortex has been controversial. Desflurane has desirable properties for in vivo neurophysiologic studies, but its effect on cortical neuronal activity and neuronal responsiveness is not known. The authors studied the effect of desflurane on resting and visual evoked unit activity in rat visual cortex in vivo.', 'Desflurane was administered to adult albino rats at steady-state concentrations at 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%. Flashes from a light emitting diode were delivered to the left eye at 5-s intervals. Extracellular unit activity within the right visual cortex was recorded using a 49-electrode array. Individual units were identified using principal components analysis.', 'At 2% desflurane, 578 active units were found. Of these, 75% increased their firing rate in response to flash. Most responses contained early (0-100 ms) and late (150-1000 ms) components. With increasing desflurane concentration, the number of units active at baseline decreased (-13%), the number of early-responding units increased (+31%), and number of late-responding units decreased (-15%). Simultaneously, baseline firing rate decreased (-77%), the early response was unchanged, and the late response decreased (-60%).\Question: Does desflurane selectively suppress long-latency cortical neuronal response to flash in the rat?
[EX A]: The results indicate that visual cortex neurons remain responsive to flash stimulation under desflurane anesthesia, but the long-latency component of their response is attenuated in a concentration-dependent manner. Suppression of the long-latency response may be related to a loss of corticocortical feedback and loss of consciousness.

[EX Q]: Context: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for periodontal disease and affects various cellular functions. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) play an important role in periodontal tissue regeneration; however, the effect of hyperglycemia on PDLSCs is unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate whether hyperglycemia affects periodontal tissue regeneration, using human PDLSCs and high-glucose medium as a model of DM.', 'PDLSCs were obtained from healthy adult human mandibular third molars. Cell proliferation, osteoblastic differentiation, and proinflammatory cytokine expression were investigated by culturing PDLSCs in media supplemented with four different glucose concentrations representative of control patients (5.5 mM), patients with postprandial or controlled DM (8.0 mM), and patients with uncontrolled DM (12.0 and 24.0 mM). The molecular effects of hyperglycemia on PDLSC physiology were examined with a focus on the nuclear factor (NF)-(κB signaling pathway. The involvement of NF-κB was investigated with a specific NF-κB inhibitor in PDLSCs under hyperglycemic conditions.', 'High glucose levels inhibited PDLSC proliferation and differentiation into osteoblasts but induced NF-κB activation and subsequent interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 expression. Treatment with an NF-κB inhibitor rescued the defects in cell proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation and inhibited the IL-6 expression caused by the high-glucose environment.\Question: Do high Glucose Concentrations Suppress the Proliferation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells and Their Differentiation Into Osteoblasts?
[EX A]: The results of this study demonstrate that hyperglycemia inhibits human PDLSC proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation.

[EX Q]: Context: The previous study by the Polish Adult Leukemia Group has demonstrated that addition of cladribine to standard DNR+AraC induction potentiates the antileukemic activity. The goal of this study was to compare the efficacy of bone marrow or peripheral blood hematopoietic cell collection in patients who obtained remission after daunorubicine plus cytarabine induction with cladribine (DAC-7) or without addition of cladribine (DA-7) in preparation for autotransplantation.', 'Sixty-six patients aged 41 years (range, 17-58 years) were included in this study: 33 cases in the DAC-7 and 33 in the DA-7 arm. Hematopoietic cells were collected from the bone marrow (ABMT, n = 29) or from the peripheral blood (ABCT, n = 37) using cytopheresis after administration of AraC (2 x 2 g/m2) on days 1, 3, 5 and subsequent G-CSF (10 microg/kg) from day 7 as mobilization therapy.', 'The numbers of harvested CD34+ cells were similar in the DAC-7 and DA-7 pretreated patients both after harvesting from peripheral blood (2.55 x 10(6)/kg vs 2.5 x 10(6)/kg) and from bone marrow (1.62 x 10(6)/kg vs 1.55 x 10(6)/kg), respectively. The proportion of patients with sufficient material for autologous bone marrow transplantation was higher in the DAC-7 compared with the DA-7 arm. All patients engrafted; hematopoietic recovery was similar in both subgroups.\Question: Does addition of cladribine to induction/consolidation regimen impair peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and bone marrow harvest for autotransplantation in acute myeloid leukemia patients?
[EX A]:
Addition of cladribine to a standard DA induction does not impair the harvesting of hematopoietic cells and their engraftment after autotransplantation.