In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

A major development of this historical event was the publication of letters written to Henry McComb. It began when Thomas Durant and other stockholders organized a company under an existing charter which soon assigned contracts to seven trustees. The reputations of congressmen James Brooks and James Patterson and Vice President Schulyer Colfax were ruined when it was revealed that they had been given stock in a company run by Oakes Ames. FTP, what was this scandal involving a scheme surrounding the construction of the Union Pacific Railroad
History

By averaging this quantity, the reduction of a certain intermolecular function to an angle-independent form for polar fluids can be performed in order to express conformal-solution theory. For liquid metals, the upper bound of this quantity can be obtained by the Gibbs-Bogoliubov inequality. It is equal to the negative product of Boltzmann's constant, temperature, and the natural log of the partition function. The change in this quantity is equal to the maximum work accompanying a process, and it is defined as internal energy minus the product of temperature and entropy. For 10 points, name this quantity symbolized by either A or F, a type of free energy named for a German scientist.
Science

In one scene in this novel, Miss Van Campen confiscates the protagonist's alcohol, saying he is deliberately trying to make himself sick. The protagonist's love interest is friends with Helen Ferguson, while the protagonist has his knee operated on by Dr. Valentini. In one scene, the protagonist must shoot an engineer who refuses to help free his vehicle, while near the end, the he dives into the river to escape the "battle police." This novel ends when the protagonist reunites with his love in Switzerland after the mad retreat at the Battle of Caporetto, only for her to die after giving birth to a stillborn son. For 10 points, name this novel about ambulance driver Frederic Henry's affair with Catherine Barkley, a work by Ernest Hemingway.

Literature