In this task your given two statements in Chinese. You must judge whether the second sentence is the cause or effect of the first one. Label the instances as "cause" or "effect" based on your judgment. The sentences are separated by a newline character.

[Q]: 那只鸟拍打着翅膀。
它向上上升。
[A]: effect


[Q]: 政府压迫其公民。
公民发动了叛乱。
[A]: effect


[Q]: 该男子的电子邮件收件箱中充斥着垃圾邮件。
他删除了垃圾邮件。
[A]:
effect