In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
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Question: Sato, K., Inaba, Y., Kurogi, H., Takahashi, E., Satoda, K., Omori, T. and Matumoto, M.t 1977. Hemagglutination by calf diarrhea coronavirus. Vet. Microbiol., 2: 83--87. The virus was grown in BEK-1 cells, a stable cell line from bovine embryo kidney, and tested for hemagglutinafion (HA) with erythrocytes of a variety of species at 4°C, room temperature and 37°C. HA was observed at all temperatures with chicken, mouse, rat, and hamste~ erythrocytes but not with erythrocytes of human (O), cattle, horses, ~heep, guinea pigs, geese, duck~, pigeons and l-day-old chicks. Chickens showed a~ individual variation in agglutinability of their erythrocytes, requiring selection of birds to obtain erythrocytes for HA. HA reaction was inhibited by specific antiserum. Some factors involved in HA and HA inhibition (HI) were investigated and standard HA and HI tests were worked out.

Answer: Short Communication HEMAGGLUTINATION BY CALF DIARRHEA CORONAVIRUS


Question: Background: Disaster is a serious public health issue. Health professionals and community residents are main players in disaster responses but their knowledge levels of disaster medicine are not readily available. This study aimed to evaluate knowledge levels and training needs of disaster medicine among potential disaster responders and presented a necessity to popularize disaster medicine education. Methods: A self-reporting questionnaire survey on knowledge level and training needs of disaster medicine was conducted in Shanghai, China, in 2012. A total of randomly selected 547 health professionals, 456 medical students, and 1,526 local residents provided intact information. The total response rate was 93.7%. Results: Overall, 1.3% of these participants have received systematic disaster medicine training. News media (87.1%) was the most common channel to acquire disaster medicine knowledge. Although health professionals were more knowledgeable than community residents, their knowledge structure of disaster medicine was not intact. Medical teachers were more knowledgeable than medical practitioners and health administrators (p = 0.002). Clinicians performed better than public health physicians (p,0.001), whereas public health students performed better than clinical medical students (p,0.001). In community residents, education background significantly affected the knowledge level on disaster medicine (p,0.001). Training needs of disaster medicine were generally high among the surveyed. 'Lecture' and 'practical training' were preferred teaching methods. The selected key and interested contents on disaster medicine training were similar between health professionals and medical students, while the priorities chosen by local residents were quite different from health professionals and medical students (p,0.001). Conclusions: Traditional clinical-oriented medical education might lead to a huge gap between the knowledge level on disaster medicine and the current needs of disaster preparedness. Continuing medical education and public education plans on disaster medicine via media should be practice-oriented, and selectively applied to different populations and take the knowledge levels and training needs into consideration.

Answer: Knowledge Levels and Training Needs of Disaster Medicine among Health Professionals, Medical Students, and Local Residents in Shanghai, China


Question: Inspired by bioactive biaryl-containing natural products found in plants and the marine 19 environment, a series of synthetic compounds belonging to the azaBINOL chiral ligand family 20 was evaluated for antiviral activity against HIV-1. Testing of 39 unique azaBINOLs in a single-21 round infectivity assay resulted in the identification of three promising antiviral compounds, 22 including 7-isopropoxy-8-(naphth-1-yl)quinoline (azaBINOL B#24), which exhibited low-23 micromolar activity. The active compounds and several close structural analogues were further 24 tested against three different HIV-1 envelope pseudotyped viruses as well as in a full-virus 25 replication system (EASY-HIT). Mode-of-action studies using a time-of-addition assay indicated 26 that azaBINOL B#24 acts after viral entry but before viral assembly and budding. HIV-1 reverse 27 transcriptase (RT) assays that individually test for polymerase and RNase H activity were used to 28 demonstrate that B#24 inhibits RNase H activity, most likely allosterically. Further binding 29 analysis using bio-layer interferometry (BLI) showed that B#24 interacts with HIV-1 RT in a 30 highly specific manner. These results indicate that azaBINOL B#24 is a potentially viable, novel 31

Answer:
Biological Evaluation of Molecules of the azaBINOL Class as Antiviral Agents: 1 Specific Inhibition of HIV-1 RNase H Activity by 7-Isopropoxy-8-(naphth-1-yl)quinoline 2 3 4 5