In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Context: Environmental conditions (eg, latitude) play a critical role in the susceptibility and severity of many autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of immune regulatory processes induced in the skin by moderate ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation on central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity.', 'Effects of UVB light were analyzed in a murine model of CNS autoimmunity (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis). Additionally, patients with relapsing-remitting MS were treated with narrowband UVB phototherapy. Immunomodulatory effects were examined in skin biopsies, serum samples, and immune cells of the peripheral blood.', 'Regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are induced locally in the skin-draining lymph nodes in response to UVB exposure, connect the cutaneous immune response to CNS immunity by migration to the sites of inflammation (blood, spleen, CNS). Here, they attenuate the inflammatory response and ameliorate disease symptoms. Treg-inducing tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) were further necessary for induction of this systemic immune regulation by UVB radiation, because ablation of Langerhans cells abolished the UVB-induced phenotype. MS patients treated with UVB phototherapy showed an increase in induced Tregs and tolerogenic DCs accompanied by the downregulation of the T-cell effector cytokine interleukin 21. The treatment further induced elevated serum levels of vitamin D.\Question: Does ultraviolet B light attenuate the systemic immune response in central nervous system autoimmunity?
Local UVB radiation of the skin influences systemic immune reactions and attenuates systemic autoimmunity via the induction of skin-derived tolerogenic DCs and Tregs. Our data could have implications for the understanding or therapeutic modulation of environmental factors that influence immune tolerance.

Context: The quantity of the silver-stained nucleolar proteins (AgNOR proteins) measured in situ in cytohistologic preparations is related to the rapidity of cell proliferation. The term "AgNOR proteins" comprises several proteins. The relationship between the individual AgNOR protein amount and cell proliferating activity is not yet known. We studied the quantitative distribution of the individual AgNOR proteins, with specific attention to the two major AgNOR proteins, nucleolin and protein B23, in seven human cancer cell lines characterized by different cell doubling times.', 'The doubling time of cancer cells was measured by counting the asynchronously growing cells at regular time intervals. The AgNOR proteins were quantified in situ, after a specific one-step staining procedure, by computerized image analysis. For the quantitative evaluation of nucleolin and protein B23, two methods were followed. Nuclear proteins after separation by SDS-PAGE were transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes and were either: 1) stained by the silver staining procedure for AgNOR proteins or 2) treated with anti-nucleolin and anti-protein B23 mAb followed by reaction with secondary Ab linked to peroxidase and revealed by chemiluminescence and autoradiography. In both cases, measurement of individual AgNOR protein and nucleolin and protein B23 amount was carried out using computerized densitometric analysis.', 'Integrated density values of the silver-stained bands at 105 kDa (nucleolin) and 38 to 39 kDa (protein B23) represented, in all cell lines, more than 60% of the total silver-stained band value. A relationship was found between the densitometric values of silver-stained nucleolin and protein B23 and rapidity of cell proliferation (r = 0.85 and r = 0.86, respectively, p < 0.05). The values of nucleolin and protein B23 obtained using the Western blots were strictly related to the rapidity of cell proliferation (r = 0.93 and 0.96, respectively, p < 0.001). Finally, a good correlation was observed between the mean AgNOR protein area value, as defined in cytologic preparations in situ, and nucleolin and protein B23 amounts as evaluated in silver-stained nitrocellulose membranes (r = 0.92 and r = 0.90, respectively, p < 0.01) and in Western blots (r = 0.95 and r = 0.94, respectively, p < 0.001).\Question: Is the quantity of nucleolar proteins nucleolin and protein B23 related to cell doubling time in human cancer cells?
These data indicate that the quantitative changes of AgNOR proteins observed in cytohistologic preparations in situ mainly reflect the quantitative changes of nucleolin and protein B23 and demonstrate that nucleolin and protein B23 amounts are inversely related to cell doubling time in human cancer cells.

Context: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a cause of intestinal microbial dysbiosis and impaired gut barrier function. This may contribute to life-threatening parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease and sepsis in infants. We compared the effects of a lipid emulsion containing long-chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs; SMOFlipid) and a predominantly ω-6 PUFA emulsion (Intralipid) on microbial composition and host response at the mucosal surface.', 'Neonatal piglets were provided isocaloric, isonitrogenous TPN for 14 days versus sow-fed (SF) controls. Equivalent lipid doses (10 g/kg/d) were given of either SMOFlipid (ML; n = 10) or Intralipid (SO; n = 9). Ileal segments and mucosal scrapings were used to characterize microbial composition by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and quantitative gene expression of tight junction proteins, mucins, antimicrobial peptides, and inflammatory cytokines.', 'The microbial composition of TPN piglets differed from SF, while ML and SO differed from each other (analysis of molecular variance; P < .05); ML piglets were more similar to SF, as indicated by UniFrac distance (P < .05). SO piglets showed a specific and dramatic increase in Parabacteroides (P < .05), while ML showed an increase in Enterobacteriaceae (P < .05). Gene expression of mucin, claudin 1, β-defensin 2, and interleukin 8 were higher in TPN; overall increases were significantly less in ML versus SO (P < .05).\Question: Does lipid Emulsion Formulation of Parenteral Nutrition affect Intestinal Microbiota and Host Responses in Neonatal Piglets?

The formulation of parenteral lipid is associated with differences in the gut microbiota and host response of TPN-fed neonatal piglets. Inclusion of ω-3 long-chain PUFAs appears to improve host-microbial interactions at the mucosal surface, although mechanisms are yet to be defined.