In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

[Q]: Context: Mild hypothermia for 72 hours is neuroprotective in newborns with moderate or severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. A core temperature of 33.5 degrees C might reduce drug clearance leading to potential toxicity. Gentamicin is nephrotoxic and ototoxic at high serum concentrations. No study has investigated the influence of 72 hours of hypothermia on serum gentamicin concentrations (SGCs) in children of any age. We aimed to compare the SGCs in encephalopathic infants who underwent intensive care with therapeutic hypothermia or normothermia.', 'Data were collected retrospectively from 2 NICUs in Bristol, United Kingdom, that offered cooling therapy within clinical trials since 1998. Eligible infants (n = 55) developed grade 2/3 encephalopathy after birth and fulfilled the entry criteria defined in the CoolCap trial. Encephalopathic infants with similar demographic values were either nursed under normothermia or 72 h-hypothermia. Once-daily gentamicin dosage (4-5 mg/kg) was administered, and trough SGC was recorded with corresponding creatinine concentrations. The time and number of omitted drug doses were noted.', 'Mean trough SGC (pre-second dose) and mean plasma creatinine concentrations for both treatment groups were similar (gentamicin: 2.19 +/- 1.7 [hypothermia] and 2.30 +/- 2.0 [normothermia] mg/L; creatinine: 115.6 +/- 42.8 [hypothermia] and 121.0 +/- 45.1 [normothermia] mumol/L). Forty percent of the trough SGCs in both groups were above the recommended trough concentration of 2.0 mg/L. A significant correlation (r(2) = 0.36) was found between high SGCs and impaired renal function assessed by raised plasma creatinine levels regardless of treatment options.\Question: Are serum gentamicin concentrations in encephalopathic infants affected by therapeutic hypothermia?
[A]: Our data confirm that impaired renal function is strongly associated with high SGCs. Reduced body temperatures do not affect the clearance of gentamicin.


[Q]: Context: To describe the anal cushion lifting (ACL) method with preliminary clinical results.', "Between January to September 2007, 127 patients who received ACL method for hemorrhoid was investigated with informed consent. In this study, three surgeons who specialized in anorectal surgery performed the procedures. Patients with grade two or more severe hemorrhoids according to Goligher's classification were considered to be indicated for surgery. The patients were given the choice to undergo either the ACL method or the ligation and excision method. ACL method is an original technique for managing hemorrhoids without excision. After dissecting the anal cushion from the internal sphincter muscle, the anal cushion was lifted to oral side and ligated at the proper position. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients were recorded including complications after surgery.", "A total of 127 patients were enrolled. Their median age was 42 (19-84) years, and 74.8% were female. In addition, more than 99% of the patients had grade 3 or worse hemorrhoids. The median follow-up period was 26 (0-88) mo, and the median operative time was 15 (4-30) min. After surgery, analgesics were used for a median period of three days (0-21). Pain control was achieved using extra-oral analgesic drugs, although some patients required intravenous injections of analgesic drugs. The median duration of the patients' postoperative hospital stay was 7 (2-13) d. A total of 10 complications (7.9%) occurred. Bleeding was observed in one patient and was successfully controlled with manual compression. Urinary retention occurred in 6 patients, but it disappeared spontaneously in all cases. Recurrent hemorrhoids developed in 3 patients after 36, 47, and 61 mo, respectively. No anal stenosis or persistent anal pain occurred.\Question: Is anal cushion lifting method a novel radical management strategy for hemorrhoids that does not involve excision or cause postoperative anal complications?
[A]: We consider that the ACL method might be better than all other current methods for managing hemorrhoids.


[Q]: Context: Knowledge of sepsis-related end-organ inflammation in\xa0vivo is limited. We investigated the cytokine response in skin and in serum in sepsis and its relation to multiorgan failure (MOF) and survival.', 'Cytokines were analysed in serum and in suction blister fluid of intact skin of 44 patients with severe sepsis and 15 healthy controls. Blister fluid and serum samples were collected within 48\xa0h of the first sepsis-induced organ failure. This is a substudy of a larger follow-up study on wound healing in sepsis.', 'Cytokine levels were higher in patients with sepsis vs. controls (interleukin [IL]-10, blisters: 65.9 vs. 4.3\xa0pg/ml, P\xa0<\xa00.001, serum: 25.7 vs. 4.5\xa0pg/ml, P\xa0=\xa00.004; IL-6, blisters: 41.9 vs. 0.03\xa0pg/ml, P\xa0<\xa00.001, serum: 45.5 vs. 2.1\xa0pg/ml, P\xa0<\xa00.001). Patients with MOF had higher levels of IL-10 (116.4 vs. 21.3\xa0pg/ml, P\xa0=\xa00.015), IL-4 (0.7 vs. 0.07\xa0pg/ml, P\xa0=\xa00.013) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) (25.9 vs. 9.5\xa0pg/ml, P\xa0=\xa00.027) in blister fluid than patients without MOF. In blister fluid, survivors had lower levels of IL-10 (43.3 vs. 181.9\xa0pg/ml, P\xa0=\xa00.024) and bFGF (15.8 vs. 31.9\xa0pg/ml, P\xa0=\xa00.006) than non-survivors. In serum, survivors had higher levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (152.2 vs. 14.7\xa0pg/ml, P\xa0=\xa00.012) and lower levels of IL-6 (38.5 vs. 91.1\xa0pg/ml, P\xa0=\xa00.011) than non-survivors. The blister fluid levels of bFGF, TNF and VEGF did not correlate with the serum levels.\Question: Do blister fluid and serum cytokine levels in severe sepsis in humans reflect skin dysfunction?
[A]:
Cytokine responses in skin blister fluid in patients with sepsis differed from those in healthy controls.