In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

[Q]: kopera testified for the state at mcghie's trial.
[A]: non-overruling


[Q]: in light of the above discussion, therefore, we overrule in re oberkoetter.
[A]: overruling


[Q]: the district court granted the stipulated motion to dismiss, id., at 39a, and respondents appealed.
[A]:
non-overruling