In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).

Q: Context: Cameron Paul "Cam" Broten (born April 29, 1978) is a Canadian politician. He represented the constituency of Saskatoon Massey Place in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan from 2007 to 2016. He was selected as the leader of the Saskatchewan New Democratic Party in the 2013 leadership election on March 9, 2013. Broten announced his resignation as leader on April 11, 2016, several days after losing the seat he contested in the Saskatchewan general election. An interim leader will be chosen on April 23., Dwain Lingenfelter (born February 27, 1949) is a businessman, farmer, politician and former Leader of the Saskatchewan New Democratic Party. Lingenfelter won the leadership of the Saskatchewan New Democratic Party on June 6, 2009. He resigned as leader on November 7, 2011. Previously, he has served as the president of the party. In previous NDP governments, Lingenfelter has served as Minister of Social Services, Minister of Economic Development, Minister responsible for Crown Investments Corporation, Minister of Agriculture and as the Deputy Premier. Outside politics Lingenfelter is the President and CEO of CypressView Land, member of the Board of directors of Kingsland Energy Corp, past president of the Canada Arab Business Council, former Vice-President of Government Relation of Nexen Inc, former Chairman of the Mount Royal University Foundation and a former board member of the Nature Conservancy of Canada., The New Democratic Party (NDP NPD) is a social-democratic political party in Canada. The leader of the federal wing of the NDP is Thomas Mulcair, who was elected in the 2012 leadership election, led the party through the 2015 federal election and then lost a party leadership review on April 10, 2016. Mulcair will remain as leader, until his replacement is chosen at a leadership election to be held in 2017., The Saskatchewan New Democratic Party (NDP) is a social-democratic political party in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It currently forms the official opposition, but has been a dominant force in Saskatchewan politics since the 1940s. The party is the successor to the Saskatchewan section of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF), and is affiliated with the federal New Democratic Party., Eric H. Cline ( born August 12 , 1955 ) is a former Canadian politician . He served in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as the New Democratic Party ( NDP ) Member of the Legislative Assembly for Saskatoon Idylwyld from 1991 to 1995 , Saskatoon Mount Royal from 1995 to 2003 , and Saskatoon Massey Place 2003 to 2007 . He was a senior cabinet minister in the governments of Roy Romanow and Lorne Calvert . Appointed to Cabinet in November 1995 , he had responsibility for a number of portfolios including Health , Labour , Finance , Justice , and Industry and Resources . On December 15 , 2006 , Cline announced his intention to not run in the 2007 election . He continued to serve in Cabinet until May 31 , 2007 . Cam Broten , subsequently Leader of the Saskatchewan NDP ( 2012 - ) and Leader of the Opposition in the Saskatchewan Lesgislature ( 2012 - ) , was elected to replace him as the MLA for Saskatoon Massey Place ., Lorne Albert Calvert, (born December 24, 1952) was the 13th Premier of Saskatchewan, from 2001 to 2007. Calvert, was the leader of the Saskatchewan New Democratic Party from 2001 to June 6, 2009, when he was succeeded by Dwain Lingenfelter., Subject: eric cline, Relation: member_of_political_party, Options: (A) democratic party (B) saskatchewan new democratic party

A: saskatchewan new democratic party
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Q: Context: Latin (Latin: ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. The Latin alphabet is derived from the Etruscan and Greek alphabets., In mathematics, a rational number is any number that can be expressed as the quotient or fraction "p"/"q" of two integers, a numerator "p" and a non-zero denominator "q". Since "q" may be equal to 1, every integer is a rational number. The set of all rational numbers, often referred to as "the rationals", is usually denoted by a boldface Q (or blackboard bold formula_1, Unicode ); it was thus denoted in 1895 by Giuseppe Peano after "quoziente", Italian for "quotient"., In number theory, integer factorization is the decomposition of a composite number into a product of smaller integers. If these integers are further restricted to prime numbers, the process is called prime factorization., A primality test is an algorithm for determining whether an input number is prime. Among other fields of mathematics, it is used for cryptography. Unlike integer factorization, primality tests do not generally give prime factors, only stating whether the input number is prime or not. Factorization is thought to be a computationally difficult problem, whereas primality testing is comparatively easy (its running time is polynomial in the size of the input). Some primality tests "prove" that a number is prime, while others like MillerRabin prove that a number is composite. Therefore, the latter might be called "compositeness tests" instead of primality tests., Number theory or, in older usage, arithmetic is a branch of pure mathematics devoted primarily to the study of the integers. It is sometimes called "The Queen of Mathematics" because of its foundational place in the discipline. Number theorists study prime numbers as well as the properties of objects made out of integers (e.g., rational numbers) or defined as generalizations of the integers (e.g., algebraic integers)., A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. A natural number greater than 1 that is not a prime number is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors, whereas 6 is composite because it has the divisors 2 and 3 in addition to 1 and 6. The fundamental theorem of arithmetic establishes the central role of primes in number theory: any integer greater than 1 can be expressed as a product of primes that is unique up to ordering. The uniqueness in this theorem requires excluding 1 as a prime because one can include arbitrarily many instances of 1 in any factorization, e.g., 3, 1 · 3, 1 · 1 · 3, etc. are all valid factorizations of 3., Paul Leyland is a British number theorist who has studied integer factorization and primality testing., Broadly speaking, pure mathematics is mathematics that studies entirely abstract concepts. This was a recognizable category of mathematical activity from the 19th century onwards, at variance with the trend towards meeting the needs of navigation, astronomy, physics, economics, engineering, and so on., In number theory , a Leyland number is a number of the form x ^ y + y ^ x where x and y are integers greater than 1 . They are named after the mathematician Paul Leyland . The first few Leyland numbers are 8 , 17 , 32 , 54 , 57 , 100 , 145 , 177 , 320 , 368 , 512 , 593 , 945 , 1124 ( sequence A076980 in OEIS ) . The requirement that x and y both be greater than 1 is important , since without it every positive integer would be a Leyland number of the form x1 + 1x . Also , because of the commutative property of addition , the condition x  y is usually added to avoid double - covering the set of Leyland numbers ( so we have 1 < y  x ) . The first prime Leyland numbers are 17 , 593 , 32993 , 2097593 , 8589935681 , 59604644783353249 , 523347633027360537213687137 , 43143988327398957279342419750374600193 ( A094133 ) corresponding to 32 +23 , 92 +29 , 152 +215 , 212 +221 , 332 +233 , 245 +524 , 563 +356 , 3215 +1532 . One can also fix the value of y and consider the sequence of x values that gives Leyland primes , for example x2 + 2x is prime for x = 3 , 9 , 15 , 21 , 33 , 2007 , 2127 , 3759 , ... ( A064539 ) . By November 2012 , the largest Leyland number that had been proven to be prime was 51226753 + 67535122 with 25050 digits . From January 2011 to April 2011 , it was the largest prime whose primality was proved by elliptic curve primality proving . In December 2012 , this was improved by proving the primality of the two numbers 311063 + 633110 ( 5596 digits ) and 86562929 + 29298656 ( 30008 digits ) , the latter of which surpassed the previous record . There are many larger known probable primes such as 3147389 + 9314738 , but it is hard to prove primality of large Leyland numbers . Paul Leyland writes on his website : `` More recently still , it was realized that numbers of this form are ideal test cases for general purpose primality proving programs . They have a simple algebraic description but no obvious cyclotomic properties which special purpose algorithms can exploit . '' There is a project called XYYXF to factor composite Leyland numbers ., An integer (from the Latin "integer" meaning "whole") is a number that can be written without a fractional component. For example, 21, 4, 0, and 2048 are integers, while 9.75, , and  are not., In Algebraic number theory, an algebraic integer is a complex number that is a root of some monic polynomial (a polynomial whose leading coefficient is 1) with coefficients in formula_1 (the set of integers). The set of all algebraic integers, , is closed under addition and multiplication and therefore is a commutative subring of the complex numbers. The ring is the integral closure of regular integers formula_1 in complex numbers., Subject: leyland number, Relation: subclass_of, Options: (A) algorithm (B) blackboard (C) branch (D) category (E) complex number (F) decomposition (G) economics (H) engineering (I) integer (J) language (K) latin (L) mathematics (M) meeting (N) natural (O) natural number (P) number (Q) out (R) polynomial (S) problem (T) process (U) rational number (V) ring (W) set (X) test (Y) theorem (Z) theory ([) thought (\) time

A: natural number
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Q: Context: `` The People of Sand and Slag '' is a science fiction novelette published in 2004 by Paolo Bacigalupi . It was nominated for the 2005 Hugo Award for Best Novelette , the 2006 Nebula Award for Best Novelette and the 2005 Locus Poll . On October 30 , 2012 , `` The Drabblecast '' podcast presented an audio dramatization by Norm Sherman , David Robison , Naomi Mercer and Mike Boris ., Genre (or ; from French "genre" , "kind" or "sort", from Latin "genus" (stem "gener-"), Greek , "gés") , Time travel is the concept of movement (such as by a human) between certain points in time, analogous to movement between different points in space, typically using a hypothetical device known as a time machine, in the form of a vehicle or of a portal connecting distant points in time. Time travel is a recognized concept in philosophy and fiction, but traveling to an arbitrary point in time has a very limited support in theoretical physics, and usually only in conjunction with quantum mechanics or wormholes, also known as Einstein-Rosen bridges. In a more narrow sense, one-way time travel into the future via time dilation is a well-understood phenomenon within the frameworks of special relativity and general relativity, but advancing a large amount of time is not feasible with current technology. The concept was touched upon in various earlier works of fiction, but was popularized by H. G. Wells' 1895 novel "The Time Machine", which moved the concept of time travel into the public imagination, and it remains a popular subject in science fiction., Fantasy is a fiction genre set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Most fantasy uses magic or other supernatural elements as a main plot element, theme, or setting. Magic and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds. Fantasy is generally distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the expectation that it steers clear of scientific and macabre themes, respectively, though there is a great deal of overlap between the three, all of which are subgenres of speculative fiction., Speculative fiction is a broad umbrella genre denoting any narrative fiction with supernatural or futuristic elements; this encompasses the genres of science fiction, fantasy, horror, alternative history, magic realism, and superhero fiction, as well as combinations of the previous genres. It typically strays strongly from reality and so may feature fictional types of beings like mythical creatures and supernatural entities, technologies that do not exist in real life like time machines and interstellar spaceships, or magical or otherwise scientifically inexplicable elements. The term's popularity is sometimes attributed to Robert Heinlein, who referenced it in 1947 in an editorial essay, although there are prior mentions of speculative fiction, or its variant "speculative literature"., Innovation can be defined simply as a "new idea, device, or method". However, innovation is often also viewed as the application of better solutions that meet new requirements, unarticulated needs, or existing market needs. This is accomplished through more-effective products, processes, services, technologies, or business models that are readily available to markets, governments and society. The term "innovation" can be defined as something original and more effective and, as a consequence, new, that "breaks into" the market or society. It is related to, but not the same as, invention. Innovation is often manifested via the engineering process. The exnovation is the opposite of innovation., Science fiction (often shortened to SF, sci-fi or scifi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life. Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a "literature of ideas." It usually avoids the supernatural, and unlike the related genre of fantasy, historically science fiction stories were intended to have a grounding in science-based fact or theory at the time the story was created, but this connection is now limited to hard science fiction., The supernatural (Medieval Latin: "superntrlis": "supra" "above" + "naturalis" "natural", first used: 15201530 AD) includes all that cannot be explained by science or the laws of nature, including things characteristic of or relating to ghosts, gods, or other supernatural beings, or to things beyond nature., The Hugo Award for Best Novelette is one of the Hugo Awards given each year for science fiction or fantasy stories published in English or translated into English during the previous calendar year. The novelette award is available for works of fiction of between 7,500 and 17,500 words; awards are also given out in the short story, novella and novel categories. , An Emmy Award, or simply Emmy, recognizes excellence in the television industry, and corresponds to the Academy Award (for film), the Tony Award (for theatre), and the Grammy Award (for music)., The Nebula Awards are given each year by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA) for the best science fiction or fantasy fiction published in the United States during the previous year. The award has been described as one of "the most important of the American science fiction awards" and "the science-fiction and fantasy equivalent" of the Emmy Awards. The Nebula Award for Best Novel is given each year for science fiction or fantasy novels published in English or translated into English and released in the United States or on the internet during the previous calendar year. A work of fiction is defined by the organization as a novel if it is 40,000 words or longer; awards are also given out for pieces of shorter lengths in the short story, novelette, and novella categories. The Nebula Award for Best Novel has been awarded annually since 1966. Novels which were expanded forms of previously published short stories are eligible, as are novellas published by themselves if the author requests them to be considered as a novel., Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America, or SFWA (or ) is a nonprofit 501(c)3 organization of professional science fiction and fantasy writers in the United States. It was founded in 1965 by Damon Knight under the name Science Fiction Writers of America, Inc. The president of SFWA as of 2015 is Cat Rambo., The Nebula Awards annually recognize the best works of science fiction or fantasy published in the United States during the previous year. The awards are organized and awarded by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA), a nonprofit association of professional science fiction and fantasy writers. They were first given in 1966 at a ceremony created for the awards, and are given in four categories for different lengths of literary works. A fifth category for film and television episode scripts was given 197478 and 200009. The rules governing the Nebula Awards have changed several times during the awards' history, most recently in 2010., Technology ("science of craft", from Greek , "techne", "art, skill, cunning of hand"; and , "-logia") is the collection of techniques, skills, methods and processes used in the production of goods or services or in the accomplishment of objectives, such as scientific investigation. Technology can be the knowledge of techniques, processes, and the like, or it can be embedded in machines which can be operated without detailed knowledge of their workings., The Nebula Award for Best Novelette is given each year by Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA) to a science fiction or fantasy novelette published in English or translated into English and released in the United States or on the internet during the previous calendar year. The Nebula Awards have been described as one of "the most important of the American science fiction awards" and "the science-fiction and fantasy equivalent" of the Emmy Awards. A work of fiction is defined by the organization as a novelette if it is between 7,500 and 17,500 words; awards are also given out for pieces of longer lengths in the Novel and Novella categories, and for shorter lengths in the Short Story category. The Nebula Award for Best Novelette has been awarded annually since 1966., Extraterrestrial life, also called alien life (or, if it is a sentient or relatively complex individual, an "extraterrestrial" or "alien"), is life that does not originate from Earth. These as-yet-hypothetical life forms may range from simple single-celled organisms to beings with civilizations far more advanced than humanity. Although many scientists expect extraterrestrial life to exist, there is no unambiguous evidence for its existence so far. The science of extraterrestrial life is known as exobiology., Hard science fiction is a category of science fiction characterized by an emphasis on scientific accuracy. The term was first used in print in 1957 by P. Schuyler Miller in a review of John W. Campbell, Jr.'s "Islands of Space" in "Astounding Science Fiction". The complementary term soft science fiction, formed by analogy to hard science fiction, first appeared in the late 1970s. The term is formed by analogy to the popular distinction between the "hard" (natural) and "soft" (social) sciences. Science fiction critic Gary Westfahl argues that neither term is part of a rigorous taxonomy; instead they are approximate ways of characterizing stories that reviewers and commentators have found useful., Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe., Paolo Tadini Bacigalupi (born August 6, 1972) is an American science fiction and fantasy writer., Subject: the people of sand and slag, Relation: instance_of, Options: (A) application (B) art (C) association (D) august (E) award (F) cat (G) ceremony (H) concept (I) emmy award (J) emphasis (K) engineering (L) enterprise (M) episode (N) evidence (O) extraterrestrial life (P) fiction (Q) genre (R) genus (S) grammy award (T) history (U) hugo award (V) idea (W) industry (X) internet (Y) invention (Z) knight ([) machine (\) market (]) may (^) name (_) narrative (`) nebula (a) novelette (b) novella (c) organization (d) people (e) philosophy (f) physics (g) plot (h) point (i) portal (j) print (k) production (l) public (m) range (n) science (o) science fiction (p) sense (q) short story (r) society (s) space (t) supernatural (u) technology (v) three (w) time (x) time machine (y) tony award (z) travel ({) year

A:
short story
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