In this task, you need to Translate Czech text to English.

Stroj s pístem (2) ve válci (1) je urcen pro zajištování zmeny objemu pracovního prostoru v dusledku prímocarého vratného pohybu pístu (2) ve válci (1), zejména u spalovacího motoru, kompresoru nebo cerpadla. Stroj je opatren sinusovou vodicí soustavou pro zajištení rotacního pohybu pístu (2) kolem své osy ve válci (1). Telo pístu (2) je opatreno pruduchem (6) a steny válce (1) jsou opatreny kanálky (4, 5) pro otevírání a uzavírání pracovního prostoru ve válci (1) vzhledem k okolí.
The machine with the piston (2) in the cylinder (1) is designed to change the volume of the working space due to the reciprocal reciprocating motion of the piston (2) in the cylinder (1), in particular in an internal combustion engine, compressor or pump. The machine is provided with a sinusoidal guiding system for rotational movement of the piston (2) about its axis in the cylinder (1). The body of the piston (2) is provided with a vent (6) and the walls of the cylinder (1) are provided with channels (4, 5) for opening and closing the working space in the cylinder (1) relative to the surroundings.

Zp sob hydroxykarbonylace lakton , konkr tn  r zn²ch valerolakton  a jejich izomer , reakc  s oxidem uhelnat²m a vodou, za vzniku odpov daj c  dikarboxylov  kyseliny. Zp sob spo  v  v reakci oxidu uhelnat ho a vody nejm n  s jedn m laktonem, obsahuj c m 5 atom  uhl ku; v p° tomnosti · inn ho mno stv  iridiov ho katalyz toru a jodovan ho nebo bromovan ho promotoru, p°i em  mol rn  pom r promotor/iridium je v rozmez  od 0,1 : 1 a  do 20 : 1. Tento zp sob umo  uje v²hodn  p°eveden , zejm na gama-valerolaktonu, v adipovou kyselinu.\
The present invention relates to a process for the hydroxycarbonylation of lactones, more precisely of the various valerolactones and their isomers; by reaction thereof with carbon monoxide and water; in order to form the corresponding dicarboxylic acid. More precisely, it consists in reacting carbon monoxide and water with at least one lactone having 5 carbon atoms, the reaction being carried out in the presence of an effective amount of an iridium catalyst and of an iodine-containing or bromine-containing promoter, whereby the promoter/Ir molar ratio being between 0.1/1 and 20/1. This process especially makes it possible to value-enhance gamma-valerolactone to adipic acid.

Obklad je vytvo°en z nosn  konstrukce a z vn jÜ  nebo dekorativn  obkladov  vrstvy. Nosn  konstrukce sest v  ze t°  vz jemn  na sob  uspo° dan²ch vrstev, vytvo°en²ch z polyesterov²ch vl ken, kde st°edn  vrstva (1) je podstatn  siln jÜ , ne  vn jÜ  vrstvy (2), p°i em  dekorativn  vrstva  (3) je z polyesterov ho obkladov ho materi lu nebo z jin ho vhodn ho materi lu, umo  uj c ho prov d n  recyklace cel  sestavy. R zn  vrstvy jsou k sob  vz jemn  p°ipevn ny prost°ednictv m p°edeh° t  vrstev (1, 2) a odpov daj c m vytvarov n m nosn ho bloku, vytv °en ho t mito vrstvami  (1, 2), v etn  vn jÜ  nebo dekorativn  vrstvy (3), ani  by bylo nutno pou  t jak hokoliv dalÜ ho lepidla k udr en  uveden²ch vrstev pohromad .\

The present invention relates to a self-supporting liner for internal lining of vehicle roofs, of the type consisting of a bearing structure consisting of three superimposed layers of low-melting point thermofusing short polyester fibers, where the middle layer (1) is considerably thicker than outer layers (2), wherein the outer layer forming the decorative surface (3) is made of a polyester lining material or another suitable material allowing execution of the whole assembly recycling. The layers are coupled with each other by preheating the layers (1, 2) and corresponding shaping of a support block formed by these layers (1, 2) including the outer or decorative layers (3) without necessity of using any adhesive to keep said layers together.