Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
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Question: Context: We previously demonstrated in rats that intravenous infusion of a lipid emulsion increases survival in resuscitation from severe bupivacaine cardiac toxicity. The present studies were undertaken to determine if this method is similarly effective in a non-rodent model using a larger animal.', 'Bupivacaine, 10 mg/kg, was administered intravenously over 10 seconds to fasted dogs under isoflurane general anesthesia. Resuscitation included 10 minutes of internal cardiac massage followed with either saline or 20% lipid infusion, administered as a 4-mL/kg bolus followed by continuous infusion at 0.5 mL/kg/min for 10 minutes. Electrocardiogram (EKG), arterial blood pressure (BP), and myocardial pH (pHm) and pO2 (pmO2) were continuously measured.', 'Survival after 10 minutes of unsuccessful cardiac massage was successful for all lipid-treated dogs (n = 6), but with no survivors in the saline controls (n = 6) (P <.01). Hemodynamics, PmO2, and pHm were improved during resuscitation with lipid compared with saline treatment in which dogs did not recover.
Answer: We found that infusing a lipid emulsion during resuscitation from bupivacaine-induced cardiac toxicity substantially improved hemodynamics, pmO2, and pHm and increased survival in dogs.

Answer: Does lipid emulsion infusion rescue dogs from bupivacaine-induced cardiac toxicity?


Question: Context: To investigate whether social contact and support received during hospitalization for acute ischemic stroke predict depression and daily life functioning three months later.', 'Prospective observational study using Ecological Momentary Assessments to evaluate the number of social contacts as well as social support received from family, friends and medical staff within 24\u2009hours following admission for stroke. Patients also monitored depression symptoms and behavior in real-time and in daily life contexts three months later.', 'A university hospital acute stroke unit.', 'Thirty-four mild ischemic stroke patients.', 'None.', 'One-day Ecological Momentary Assessments immediately following stroke collected information concerning perceived social support, number of social contacts and depression symptoms. Ecological Momentary Assessments was repeated three months later and addressed depression levels as well as activities of daily living, such as working, cooking, shopping and housework.', 'The number of social interactions received at hospitalization did not predict three-month outcomes. However, a better quality of moral support from friends and family immediately after stroke was associated with decreases in later depression levels (p\u2009=\u20090.041) and increases in activities of daily living (p\u2009=\u20090.011). Material support from friends and family was associated with increases in activities of daily living (p\u2009=\u20090.012). No effect was observed for support received from medical staff.
Answer: Patient perceptions of better support quality, and not quantity, immediately following mild stroke, are associated with better behavioral and emotional outcomes three months later.

Answer: Is very early social support following mild stroke associated with emotional and behavioral outcomes three months later?


Question: Context: Habitat selection may have profound evolutionary consequences, but they strongly depend on the underlying preference mechanism, including genetically-determined, natal habitat and phenotype-dependent preferences. It is known that different mechanisms may operate at the same time, yet their relative contribution to population differentiation remains largely unexplored empirically mainly because of the difficulty of finding suitable study systems. Here, we investigate the role of early experience and genetic background in determining the outcome of settlement by pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) breeding in two habitat patches between which dispersal and subsequent reproductive performance is influenced by phenotype (body size). For this, we conducted a cross-fostering experiment in a two-patch system: an oakwood and a conifer plantation separated by only 1\xa0km.', "Experimental birds mostly returned to breed in the forest patch where they were raised, whether it was that of their genetic or their foster parents, indicating that decisions on where to settle are determined by individuals' experience in their natal site, rather than by their genetic background. Nevertheless, nearly a third (27.6\xa0%) moved away from the rearing habitat and, as previously observed in unmanipulated individuals, dispersal between habitats was phenotype-dependent. Pied flycatchers breeding in the oak and the pine forests are differentiated by body size, and analyses of genetic variation at microsatellite loci now provide evidence of subtle genetic differentiation between the two populations. This suggests that phenotype-dependent dispersal may contribute to population structure despite the short distance and widespread exchange of birds between the study plots.
Answer: Taken together, the current and previous findings that pied flycatchers do not always settle in the habitat to which they are best suited suggest that their strong tendency to return to the natal patch regardless of their body size might lead to maladaptive settlement decisions and thus constrain the potential of phenotype-dependent dispersal to promote microgeographic adaptation.

Answer:
Does natal habitat imprinting counteract the diversifying effects of phenotype-dependent dispersal in a spatially structured population?