TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: This composer reworked an instrumental sarabande into the aria Lascia ch'io planga. He called for improvised solo organ pieces to be placed ad libitum into the later of his organ concertos, a genre he invented to show off. The "Hailstone Chorus" appears in the first part of an oratorio by this man whose second part is "The Song of Moses"; that work is Israel in Egypt. One of this man's works includes a suite in G major that has a rigaudon, a minuet, and five shorter, unnamed pieces, as well as a suite in F major that begins with a (*) French overture. That piece was written to be played on barges floating on the River Thames for King George I. For 10 points, name this Baroque composer who wrote Water Music and the oratorio Messiah.

SOLUTION: Fine Arts

PROBLEM: This painting was parodied in Portrait: Twins, in which Yasumasa Morimura inserted himself into the central role. In its original version, a green curtain is drawn back at the top left corner, and the somewhat surprised woman at the right wears a light pink dress and carries a large floral arrangement. Blue and gold shoes, a gold bracelet, and a black choker are the only clothing worn by the central figure, modeled on prostitute Victorine Meurent. For 10 points, name this reclining nude which shocked the Salon of 1865 and was painted by Edouard Manet.

SOLUTION: Fine Arts

PROBLEM: The Ohnesorge number divides the viscosity by the square root of the product of length, density, and this quantity; the Weber number is proportional to one over it. The Lippman-Young equation states that the change in contact angle of a drop on a substrate is also proportional to one over this quantity. Dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine and sodium dodecyl sulfate both reduce this quantity, which is a result of cohesive forces among molecules of liquid. Often denoted with a lowercase gamma and expressed in newtons per meter, for 10 points, name this property of liquids which can be reduced by surfactants and allows small insects to walk on water.

SOLUTION:
Science