In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

[EX Q]: we disapprove these cases.
[EX A]: overruling

[EX Q]: the case of state ex rel. city of st. louis v. public service commission, 362 mo. 977, 245 s.w.2d 851, which the principal opinion overrules, was, in my opinion, soundly ruled and should be followed.
[EX A]: overruling

[EX Q]: in light of our decision to overrule prior precedent limiting the scope of  53a183 (a), we now must decide whether, as the defendant claims, constitutional principles of fair notice bar the state from retrying her under our more expansive construction of that provision.
[EX A]:
overruling