Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Q: To investigate the surgical techniques and speech performance of multichannel auditory brainstem implant (ABI) in patients with bilateral acoustic neuromas (neurofibromatosis type 2).', 'The nucleus 21 channel auditory brainstem implant was implanted into the lateral recess of the fourth ventricle through the translabyrinthine approach in 7 patients after removal of the tumor. The accurate placement of electrode array was ensured by the electromyogram monitoring of the 7th and 9th nerves and the electrically evoked auditory brainstem responses (EABR). Initial switch-on occurred six weeks postoperatively. Speech evaluation was performed every 3 months for the first year and annually thereafter.', 'During the surgery, the lateral recess could be found and the typical EABR could be recorded in 6 cases. They later reported a significant benefit from the device. Two of the cases have achieved functional open-set speech understanding. In contrast, one patient with no EABR because of difficulty of the anatomic location during the surgery had no sensations postoperatively.

A: 1
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Q: Inter-tissue molecular interactions are critical to the function and behavior of biological systems in multicellular organisms, but systematic studies of interactions between tissues are lacking. Also, existing studies of inter-tissue interactions are based on direct gene expression correlations, which can't distinguish correlations due to common genetic architectures versus biochemical or molecular signal exchange between tissues.", 'We developed a novel strategy to study inter-tissue interaction by removing effects of genetic regulation of gene expression (genetic decorrelation). We applied our method to the comprehensive atlas of gene expression across nine human tissues in the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project to generate novel genetically decorrelated inter-tissue networks. From this we derived modules of genes important in inter-tissue interactions that are likely driven by biological signal exchange instead of their common genetic basis. Importantly we highlighted communication between tissues and elucidated gene activities in one tissue inducing gene expression changes in others.', 'We reveal global unidirectional inter-tissue coordination of specific biological pathways such as protein synthesis. Using our data, we highlighted a clinically relevant example whereby heart expression of DPP4 was coordinated with a gene expression signature characteristic for whole blood proliferation, potentially impacting peripheral stem cell mobilization. We also showed that expression of the poorly characterized FOCAD in heart correlated with protein biosynthetic processes in the lung.

A: 0
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Q: A consensus for which patients with thin melanomas (≤1 mm) should undergo sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is not established. We describe a large single institution experience with SLNB for thin melanomas to determine factors predictive of nodal metastases.', 'Retrospective review from 2005 to 2010 identified 271 patients with thin melanomas who underwent SLNB, along with 13 additional patients not treated with SLNB who developed a nodal recurrence as first site of recurrence. Clinicopathologic characteristics were correlated with nodal status and outcome.', 'Median age was 55 years, and 53% of patients were male. Median Breslow thickness was 0.85 mm. Overall, a positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) was found in 22 (8.1%) of 271 cases; 8.4% of melanomas ≥0.76 mm were SLN positive with 5% of T1a melanomas ≥0.76 mm and 13% of T1b melanomas ≥0.76 mm having SLN metastases. Only two of 33 highly selected patients with melanomas <0.76 mm (both T1b) had a positive SLN. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that mitotic rate ≥1/mm(2) significantly correlated with nodal disease (p < 0.05) and ulceration correlated with SLN metastases (p < 0.05). Median follow-up was 2.1 years. Overall survival did not differ between positive and negative SLN patients (p = 0.53) but was worse for patients presenting with a nodal recurrence (p < 0.01).

A:
0
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