In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Context: To test whether oral L-81 treatment could improve the condition of mice with diabetes and to investigate how L-81 regulates microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) activity in the liver.', 'Genetically diabetic (db/db) mice were fed on chow supplemented with or without L-81 for 4 wk. The body weight, plasma glucose level, plasma lipid profile, and adipocyte volume of the db/db mice were assessed after treatment. Toxicity of L-81 was also evaluated. To understand the molecular mechanism, HepG2 cells were treated with L-81 and the effects on apolipoprotein B (apoB) secretion and mRNA level of the MTP gene were assessed.', 'Treatment of db/db mice with L-81 significantly reduced and nearly normalized their body weight, hyperphagia and polydipsia. L-81 also markedly decreased the fasting plasma glucose level, improved glucose tolerance, and attenuated the elevated levels of plasma cholesterol and triglyceride. At the effective dosage, little toxicity was observed. Treatment of HepG2 cells with L-81 not only inhibited apoB secretion, but also significantly decreased the mRNA level of the MTP gene. Similar to the action of insulin, L-81 exerted its effect on the MTP promoter.\Question: Does pluronic L-81 ameliorate diabetic symptoms in db/db mice through transcriptional regulation of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein?
L-81 represents a promising candidate in the development of a selective insulin-mimetic molecule and an anti-diabetic agent.

Context: Psychostimulants are often used in close temporal proximity to nicotine and have been reported to enhance acutely nicotine's desirability in humans.", 'To investigate the acute associations between amphetamine and nicotine, we examined the potentiative interactions between clinically relevant, low doses of these drugs on locomotor activity, and dopamine overflow in the rat.', 'Locomotor activity was measured by telemetry in the home cage environment, and dopamine overflow was evaluated in striatal slice preparations from female Holtzman rats.', 'When administered simultaneously, nicotine and amphetamine produced a predominantly additive effect on locomotor behavior. However amphetamine, when given 2-4 h before nicotine, strongly potentiated nicotine-induced locomotor activity. Correspondingly, nicotine given 1-4 h before amphetamine robustly enhanced amphetamine-stimulated locomotor activity even when the effects of the nicotine pretreatment dissipated. Acute nicotine pretreatment similarly potentiated the effects of dopamine transporter ligands, cocaine, nomifensine, and methamphetamine but not a direct dopamine receptor agonist. Consistent with the behavioral studies, in vivo nicotine pretreatment exaggerated amphetamine-induced dopamine efflux from rat striatal slices. Likewise, in vivo pretreatment of rats with amphetamine potentiated nicotine-induced dopamine efflux from striatal slices. Direct pretreatment of striatal tissue by nicotine also potentiated subsequent amphetamine-stimulated dopamine overflow, further suggesting that the nicotine-amphetamine interaction occurs at the level of the dopamine terminal.\Question: Do nicotine and amphetamine acutely cross-potentiate their behavioral and neurochemical responses in female Holtzman rats?
Overall, the present data demonstrate that acute interactions of nicotine and other psychomotor stimulants produce potentiative effects and that these transient interactions may play a role in the frequent co-use and abuse of nicotine and other stimulants.

Context: Basic science study using in vitro tissue testing and imaging to characterize local strains in annulus fibrosus (AF) tissue.', 'To characterize mesoscale strain inhomogeneities between lamellar and inter-/translamellar (ITL) matrix compartments during tissue shear loading.', 'The intervertebral disc is characterized by significant heterogeneities in tissue structure and plays a critical role in load distribution and force transmission in the spine. In particular, the AF possesses a lamellar architecture interdigitated by a complex network of extracellular matrix components that form a distinct ITL compartment. Currently, there is not a firm understanding of how the lamellar and ITL matrix coordinately support tissue loading.', 'AF tissue samples were prepared from frozen porcine lumbar spines and mounted onto custom fixtures of a materials testing system that incorporates optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging to perform tissue elastography. Tissues were subjected to 20 and 40% nominal shear strain, and OCT images were captured and segmented to identify regions of interest corresponding to lamellar and ITL compartments. Images were analyzed using an optical flow algorithm to quantify local shear strains within each compartment.', 'Using histology and OCT, we first verified our ability to visualize and discriminate the ITL matrix from the lamellar matrix in porcine AF tissues. Local AF strains in the ITL compartment (22.0\u200a±\u200a13.8, 31.1\u200a±\u200a16.9 at 20% and 40% applied shear, respectively) were significantly higher than corresponding strains in the surrounding lamellar compartment (12.1\u200a±\u200a5.6, 15.3\u200a±\u200a5.2) for all tissue samples (P\u200a<\u200a0.05).\Question: Does optical Coherence Tomographic Elastography reveal Mesoscale Shear Strain Inhomogeneities in the Annulus Fibrosus?

Results from this study demonstrate that the lamellar and ITL compartments of the AF distribute strain unevenly during tissue loading. Specifically, shear strain is significantly higher in the ITL matrix, suggesting that these regions may be more susceptible to tissue damage and more mechanobiologically active.