Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Cardiac rupture is a catastrophic complication that occurs after acute myocardial infarction (MI) and, at present, there are no effective pharmacological strategies for preventing this condition. Here we investigated the effect of the angiotensin II receptor blocker olmesartan (Olm) on post-infarct cardiac rupture and its underlying mechanisms of action.', 'C57Bl/6 mice with MI were treated with Olm, aldosterone (Aldo) or vehicle. Cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts were exposed to normoxia or anoxia and treated with angiotensin II (Ang II), RNH6270 (active ingredient of Olm) or Aldo.', 'The mortality rate and incidence of cardiac rupture in MI mice during the first week in the Olm-treated group were significantly lower than in the vehicle-treated group. Olm or RNH6270 reduced myeloperoxidase staining in the infarcted myocardium, decreased apoptosis in cultured cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts, as assessed by Hoechst staining and TUNEL assay, attenuated the accumulation of p53 and phosphorylated p53 and cleaved caspase 3 induced by MI or Ang II, as assessed by Western blotting, and up-regulated growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15). In cultured cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts, treatment with Ang II, Aldo or anoxia significantly down-regulated the expression of GDF-15.
Does olmesartan prevent cardiac rupture in mice with myocardial infarction by modulating growth differentiation factor 15 and p53?

Vitamin D is associated with a number of inflammatory diseases and plays a significant role in regulating bone metabolism. Serum calcifediol was demonstrated to be potentially associated with periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether an association exists between plasma calcifediol concentrations and aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and whether plasma levels of bone-related biomarkers (osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and phosphorus) regulated by vitamin D are related to AgP.', 'Sixty-six patients with generalized AgP, 52 patients with chronic periodontitis, and 60 healthy controls were included in this study. Periodontal examination consisted of probing depth, attachment loss, and bleeding index measurements. Hematic calcifediol and bone-related biomarker levels were detected using radioimmunity assay kits or a biochemical analyzer.', 'Plasma calcifediol levels in patients with AgP were higher than those of healthy controls (29.28 versus 21.60 nmol/l; P <0.05) and were statistically significantly correlated with bleeding index (r = 0.321; P <0.05). Plasma osteocalcin concentrations in patients with AgP were higher than those of healthy controls (0.90 versus 0.70 ng/ml; P <0.05). Serum inorganic phosphorus values of both periodontitis groups were lower than those of healthy controls (1.06 +/- 0.18 mmol/l and 1.10 +/- 0.15 mmol/l versus 1.26 +/- 0.17 mmol/l; P <0.05).
Is elevated plasma calcifediol associated with aggressive periodontitis?

In patients undergoing total knee replacement (TKR), most blood loss occurs post-operatively, and the return of unwashed filtered shed blood (USB) from post-operative drainage may represent an alternative to allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT). We evaluated the impact of USB return on the cellular immune response (CIR) after TKR.', 'Forty TKR patients, intended to receive post-operative USB, entered the study. Blood samples were obtained before and 6 h, 24 h, 72 h and 7 days after surgery, and from USB, after it had been passed through a 40-microm filter. Full blood cell counts, lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM) were measured in all samples. A set of clinical data was collected from each patient.', 'Twenty-four of the 25 patients received a mean of 1.2 USB units and did not need additional ABT (USB group). Twelve of the 15 remaining patients who received neither USB nor ABT served as a control group for the post-operative CIR study. All patients showed a post-operative decrease in T-cell and natural killer (NK) cell counts, but not B-cell counts, and there were no significant differences between the groups with regard to CIR parameters, post-operative infection or hospital stay.

Does post-operative unwashed shed blood transfusion modify the cellular immune response to surgery for total knee replacement?