In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

[Q]: Context: Mast cells have been associated with obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) in human pulmonary allografts, although their role in the development of OB remains unknown.', 'In this study, we evaluated the role of mast cells in pulmonary allograft rejection using an orthotopic rat pulmonary allograft model that utilizes chronic aspiration of gastric fluid to reliably obtain OB. Pulmonary allograft recipients (n = 35) received chronic aspiration of gastric fluid with (n = 10) and without (n = 16) treatment with a mast cell membrane stabilizer, cromolyn sodium, or chronic aspiration with normal saline (n = 9) as a control.', 'The acute graft injury associated with long ischemic time in the model (6 hours total ischemic time; typical acute graft injury rate ~30%) was apparently blocked by cromolyn, because peri-operative mortality associated with the acute graft injury was not observed in any of the animals receiving cromolyn (p = 0.045). Further, the rats receiving cromolyn developed significantly fewer OB lesions than those treated with gastric fluid alone (p < 0.001), with a mean reduction of 46% of the airways affected.\Question: Does cromolyn ameliorate acute and chronic injury in a rat lung transplant model?
[A]: These findings provide impetus for further studies aimed at elucidating the effects of cromolyn and the role of mast cells in pulmonary allotransplantation.


[Q]: Context: Correlation between tumor volume and hormone levels in individual patients would permit calculation of the fraction of tumor removed by surgery, by measuring postoperative hormone levels. The goals of this study were to examine the relationship between tumor volume, growth hormone (GH), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels, and to assess the correlation between percent tumor removal and the reduction in plasma GH and IGF-1 in patients with acromegaly.', 'The 3D region of interest-based volumetric method was used to measure tumor volume via MRI before and after surgery in 11 patients with GH-secreting adenomas. The volume of residual tumor as a fraction of preoperative tumor volume was correlated with GH levels before and after surgery. Examination of this potential correlation required selection of patients with acromegaly who 1) had incomplete tumor removal, 2) had precise measurements of initial and residual tumor, and 3) were not on medical therapy.', 'Densely granulated tumors produced more peripheral GH per mass of tumor than sparsely granulated tumors (p = 0.04). There was a correlation between GH and IGF-1 levels (p = 0.001). Although there was no close correlation between tumor size and peripheral GH levels, after normalizing each tumor to its own plasma GH level and tumor volume, a comparison of percent tumor resection with percent drop in plasma GH yielded a high correlation coefficient (p = 0.006).\Question: Does percent reduction of growth hormone levels correlate closely with percent resected tumor volume in acromegaly?
[A]: Densely granulated somatotropinomas produce more GH per mass of tumor than do sparsely granulated tumors. Each GH-secreting tumor has its own intrinsic level of GH production per mass of tumor, which is homogeneous over the tumor mass, and which varies greatly between tumors. In most patients the fraction of a GH-secreting tumor removed by surgery can be accurately estimated by simply comparing plasma GH levels after surgery to those before surgery.


[Q]: Context: This study was undertaken to analyze and compare the clinical characteristics and survival difference among veterans and civilians in Taiwan with lung cancer, especially non-small-cell lung cancer, and to determine whether or not veterans have a poorer prognosis than civilians.', "We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and computer files of lung cancer patients diagnosed between 1996 and 2000 at our hospital. Patients' clinical characteristics, marital status, staging, treatment modality, and overall survival were analyzed and compared, based on the patients' standing as veterans or civilians.", 'During this period, 3,727 lung cancer patients (2,386 veterans, 1,341 civilians) were diagnosed. The overall survival of all lung cancer patients showed that civilians had better survival than veterans (median, 12 months vs. 8 months, p < 0.001). Survival of non-small-cell lung cancer patients was also better for civilians than veterans (median, 13 months vs. 9 months, p < 0.001). Surgery was the main treatment modality in both stage I and II civilians and veterans. A greater proportion of veterans in stage II and III received radiotherapy than civilians in the same stage, with a statistically significant difference in stage III patients (p < 0.001). Multivariate survival analysis showed that age and sex were independent risk factors for mortality, while standing (veteran or civilian) was not, in both all lung cancers and non-small-cell lung cancer alone.\Question: Is survival status of veterans with lung cancer poorer than that among civilians due to age and sex differences : a study of Chinese veterans in Taiwan?
[A]:
Veterans, who mainly came from China, had a poorer prognosis than civilians when suffering from lung cancer in Taiwan, due to age and gender, rather than standing.