TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a sentence in the Japanese language and your task is to convert it into the English language. In translation, keep numbers as it is and make it sentence case (capitalize only the first word of each sentence and noun).
PROBLEM: これらの変革は、競争力の増えたe-トレードへの反動および規制環境の変化であるが、多くの望むようにNASDAQおよびNYSEがお互いの株を取引し、市場株をつかみとる試みで、取引コストを下げ、最終的に消費者の利益となる結果となるだろう。

SOLUTION: These changes, a reaction to increased e-trading competition and a changed regulatory environment, will result in NASDAQ and NYSE trading each other's shares and attempting to grab market share, which many hope will drive down transaction costs and ultimately benefit consumers.

PROBLEM: その薬はまた、他の薬剤に対して耐性を持つHIV株にも働く。

SOLUTION: The drug also shows that it works on strains of HIV that are resistant to other medications.

PROBLEM: 「幼児強姦の被害者が耐えなければならない長い苦悶の年月」にもかかわらず「死刑が犠牲者の命が奪われなかった例にまで及んではいけない」と、司法省ケネディは書いた。

SOLUTION:
Despite "the years of long anguish that must be endured by the victim of child rape," Justice Kennedy wrote, "the death penalty should not be expanded to instances where the victim's life was not taken."