In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

[Q]: This man claimed that the doctrine of popular sovereignty could coexist with the Dred Scott decision during an explanation of his Freeport Doctrine. This man led a faction of a party whose other faction was led by John C. Breckenridge in the 1860 presidential election. Known as ""The Little Giant,"" this politician was instrumental getting the Kansas-Nebraska Act passed. For 10 points, name this Democratic Illinois Senator who engaged in a famous series of debates in 1858 with Abraham Lincoln.
[A]: History


[Q]: One ruler of this dynasty avoided a prophecy of his death by abdicating in favor of the puppet Yusufi for four days during his persecution of Nuqtavis. This dynasty was defeated at Gulnabad by the Ghilzai leader Mahmud. Its founder was victorious at Merv over the Uzbeks and had earlier overthrown the White Sheep dynasty. This dynasty was eventually supplanted by Karim Khan and the Zand dynasty, and its final rulers were puppets of Nadir Shah. Tahmasp I was a ruler of this dynasty, which was defeated at Chaldiran by Selim the Grim. Under Abbas I, this dynasty established a capital at Isfahan, and it was founded with the help of the Qizilbash by Ismail I. For 10 points, name this Shi'ite dynasty that ruled Persia from 1501 to 1736.
[A]: History


[Q]: In pigs, this peptides eighth amino acid residue is usually a lysine, but in humans, that residue is always arginine. Its receptors are blocked by tolvaptan, and it is sometimes inappropriately produced by small cell lung carcinomas. It is synthesized in the magnocellular neurons of the hypothalamus, and underproduction of or insensitivity to this hormone leads to diabetes insipidus. Its most important function sees it induce increased expression of aquaporin-2 in the collecting duct in the nephron, thus increasing blood volume. FTP, name this hormone produced by the posterior pituitary gland that causes water retention in the kidney and decreases the volume of the urine.
[A]:
Science