Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Example Input: The efficacy of lansoprazole (LPZ) at inhibiting gastric acid secretion is influenced by cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) polymorphism. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether CYP2C19 polymorphism had an influence on the remission of erosive reflux esophagitis (RE) during maintenance therapy with LPZ.', 'Eighty-two Japanese patients with initial healing of erosive RE by 8 weeks of LPZ therapy were enrolled. As maintenance therapy, the patients were treated with LPZ (15 mg/day) for 6 months. The CYP2C19 genotype, Helicobacter pylori infection status, and serum pepsinogen (PG) I/II ratio were assessed before treatment. The patients were investigated for relapse by endoscopy at 6 months or when symptoms recurred.', 'The proportion of patients in remission after 6 months was 61.5%, 78.0%, and 100% among homozygous extensive metabolizers (homo-EM), heterozygous EM (hetero-EM), and poor metabolizers (PM), respectively. The percentage of PM patients who remained in remission was significantly higher than that of homo-EM or hetero-EM.
Example Output: 0

Example Input: To investigate the effect of targeted antiosteosarcoma methotrexate-bisphosphonate conjugate on growth inhibition and apoptosis in human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells.', 'MG-63 cells were treated with various concentrations of methotrexate-bisphosphonate conjugate and apoptosis was monitored via an MTT assay, cell morphology, TUNEL assay and flow cytometry analysis.', 'The survival rate of MG-63 cells treated for 24 to 96 hours with 2000 mg/ml or more of methotrexate-bisphosphonate conjugate decreased significantly. Cells treated with conjugate showed typical apoptotic features using inverted phase contrast microscopy and fluorescence staining, and the majority of cells demonstrated a positive result in the TUNEL assay. Karyopyknosis and crescent aggregation of chromatin were observed in conjugate-treated cells by electron microscopy. Flow cytometry of MG-63 cells treated with methotrexate-bisphosphonate conjugate showed a time and dose-dependent increase in apoptosis (p < 0.05).
Example Output: 1

Example Input: The role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) in liver fibrosis is still controversial. Since hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) are central to the fibrogenesis, our goal was to clarify the mechanism of Stat3 crosslinking of TGF-β1 signaling.', 'Stat3, TGF-β1 mRNA and protein expressions were examined in liver tissues of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and diethylinitrosamine (DEN)-induced rat fibrosis model. The effect of Stat3 activation or suppression on TGF-β1 signaling in HSCs was tested in vitro and in vivo.', 'Stat3 expression as well as TGF-β1 was increased in CHB patients and DEN-induced fibrosis rat model. This was strongly correlated with increase in fibrosis staging. TGF-β1, a mediator of fibrosis, was enhanced by Stat3, but suppressed by siRNA-mediated RNA knockdown of Stat3 (siStat3) or Janus kinase 2 inhibitor (AG490) both in vivo and in vitro. Stat3 crosslinking TGF-β1 signaling plays an important role in HSC activation and increasing fibrosis related products. TGF-β1 could not achieve profibrogenic cytokine and anti-apoptosis characteristics without Stat3 activation in HSCs.
Example Output:
1