instruction:
In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
question:
SECTION 1. ENERGY ASSISTANCE FUND.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Fund.--The term ``Fund'' means the Energy Assistance 
        Fund established by subsection (b).
            (2) Secretary concerned.--The term ``Secretary concerned'' 
        means, with respect to programs carried out by each Secretary--
                    (A) the Secretary of Agriculture;
                    (B) the Secretary of Energy;
                    (C) the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development;
                    (D) the Secretary of Transportation; and
                    (E) the Administrator of the Small Business 
                Administration.
    (b) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of the 
United States a revolving fund, to be known as the ``Energy Assistance 
Fund'', consisting of such amounts as are appropriated to the Fund 
under subsection (h)(1).
    (c) Expenditures From Fund.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), on request by 
        the Secretary concerned, the Secretary of the Treasury shall 
        transfer from the Fund to the Secretary concerned such amounts 
        as the Secretary concerned determines are necessary to provide 
        to carry out 1 or more qualified purposes described in 
        subsections (d), (e), and (f).
            (2) Administrative expenses.--An amount not exceeding 10 
        percent of the amounts in the Fund shall be available for each 
        fiscal year to pay the administrative expenses necessary to 
        carry out this section.
    (d) Low-Interest Loan Guarantees for Purchase and Installation of 
Qualifying Energy Efficient Property.--
            (1) In general.--To the extent that the Secretary concerned 
        has authority under other law to make or guarantee loans or 
        grants to persons to purchase and install qualifying property, 
        the Secretary concerned may guarantee loans made to eligible 
        United States persons for the purchase and installation of 
        qualifying property.
            (2) Qualifying property.--For the purpose of paragraph (1), 
        qualifying property means--
                    (A) any component which constitutes a qualified 
                energy efficiency improvement (as defined in section 
                25C(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986);
                    (B) property to heat water for use in a dwelling 
                unit located in the United States and used a residence 
                by the person if at least half of the energy used by 
                such property for such purpose is derived from the sun;
                    (C) property which uses solar energy to generate 
                electricity for use in a dwelling unit located in the 
                United States and used by the person (in the case of an 
                individual) as a residence;
                    (D) qualified fuel cell property (as defined in 
                section 48(c)(1) of that Code) installed on or in 
                connection with a dwelling unit located in the United 
                States and used as a principal residence (within the 
                meaning of section 121 of that Code) by the person (in 
                the case of an individual); or
                    (E) a compliant stove (as defined in section 
                25E(c)(2) of that Code) which--
                            (i) is installed in a dwelling unit located 
                        in the United States; and
                            (ii) replaces a noncompliant stove (as 
                        defined in section 25E(c)(3) of that Code) used 
                        in such dwelling unit.
            (3) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a loan 
        guarantee under this subsection, a person that is an individual 
        shall have a household income of not to exceed 115 percent of 
        the national median household income, as determined by the 
        Secretary concerned.
            (4) Use of loan.--The recipient of a loan guaranteed under 
        this subsection may use the loan only to fund improvements to 
        property owned by, and for the benefit of, the recipient.
            (5) Amount.--The amount of a loan made to a person that is 
        guaranteed under this subsection shall equal the lesser of--
                    (A) 90 percent of the difference between--
                            (i) the cost incurred by the person for the 
                        purchase and installation of the qualifying 
                        property, as approved by the Secretary; and
                            (ii) the amount of any credit allowable to 
                        the person with respect to such property under 
                        section 25C, 25D, or 25E, of the Internal 
                        Revenue Code of 1986; or
                    (B) $30,000.
            (6) Term of loans.--A loan guaranteed under this subsection 
        shall have a term of not to exceed 15 years.
    (e) Low-Interest Loan Guarantees for Purchase and Installation of 
Idling Reduction and Advanced Insulation for Heavy Trucks.--
            (1) In general.--To the extent that the Secretary concerned 
        has authority under other law to make or guarantee loans or 
        grants to persons to purchase and install idling reduction 
        devices described in section 4053(9) of the Internal Revenue 
        Code of 1986 or advanced insulation described in section 
        4053(10) of such Code, the Secretary concerned may guarantee 
        loans made to United States persons for the purchase and 
        installation of such idling reduction devices and advanced 
        insulation.
            (2) Use of loan.--The recipient of a loan guaranteed under 
        this subsection may use the loan only to fund improvements to 
        property owned by, and for the benefit of, the recipient.
            (3) Amount.--
                    (A) In general.--The amount of a loan made to a 
                person that is guaranteed under this subsection shall 
                equal 90 percent of the difference between--
                            (i) the cost incurred by the person for the 
                        purchase and installation of the idling 
                        reduction devices and advanced insulation 
                        described in subsection (a), as approved by the 
                        Secretary concerned; and
                            (ii) 12 percent of the amount for which the 
                        idling reduction devices or advanced insulation 
                        was sold.
                    (B) Special rules.--In the case of any property 
                described in paragraphs (2), (3), or (4) of section 
                4051(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, the 
                amount determined under subparagraph (A) shall be zero.
                    (C) Determination of price.--Rules similar to the 
                rules of section 4052(b) of the Internal Revenue Code 
                of 1986 shall apply for purposes of subparagraph (B).
            (4) Loan terms.--The Secretary concerned shall establish 
        terms for loans guaranteed under this subsection, as determined 
        by the Secretary concerned.
    (f) Low-Interest Loan Guarantees for Purchase and Installation of 
Alternative Refueling Stations.--
            (1) In general.--To the extent that the Secretary concerned 
        has authority under other law to make or guarantee loans or 
        grants to persons for the purchase and installation of any 
        qualified alternative fuel vehicle refueling property (as 
        defined in section 30C(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
        1986), the Secretary concerned may guarantee loans made to 
        United States persons for the purchase and installation of any 
        such qualified alternative fuel vehicle refueling property 
        placed in service by the person during a taxable year.
            (2) Use of loan.--The recipient of a loan guaranteed under 
        this subsection may use the loan only to fund improvements to 
        property owned by, and for the benefit of, the recipient.
            (3) Amount.--The amount of a loan made to a person that is 
        guaranteed under this subsection shall equal 90 percent of the 
        difference between--
                    (A) the cost incurred by the person for the 
                purchase and installation of the qualified alternative 
                fuel vehicle refueling property described in paragraph 
                (1), as approved by the Secretary concerned; and
                    (B) the amount of any credit allowable to the 
                person under section 30C of the Internal Revenue Code 
                of 1986.
            (4) Loan terms.--The Secretary concerned shall establish 
        terms for loans guaranteed under this subsection, as determined 
        by the Secretary concerned.
    (g) Transfers of Amounts.--
            (1) In general.--The amounts required to be transferred to 
        the Fund under this section shall be transferred at least 
        monthly from the general fund of the Treasury to the Fund on 
        the basis of estimates made by the Secretary of the Treasury.
            (2) Adjustments.--Proper adjustment shall be made in 
        amounts subsequently transferred to the extent prior estimates 
        were in excess of or less than the amounts required to be 
        transferred.
    (h) Funding.--
            (1) Mandatory funding.--
                    (A) In general.--Notwithstanding any other 
                provision of law, on October 1, 2009, out of any funds 
                in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the 
                Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer to the Fund 
                for the cost of loans to carry out the purposes of the 
                Fund $1,000,000,000, to remain available until 
                expended.
                    (B) Receipt and acceptance.--The Fund shall be 
                entitled to receive, shall accept, and shall use to 
                carry out the purposes of the Fund the funds 
                transferred under subparagraph (A), without further 
                appropriation. 
            (2) Authorization of appropriations.--
                    (A) In general.--In addition to the amount made 
                available under paragraph (1), there are authorized to 
                be appropriated to the Fund such sums as are necessary 
                to carry out the purposes of the Fund.
                    (B) Additional funding.--To the extent that a 
                Secretary described in subsection (a) has authority 
                under other law to make or guarantee loans or grants 
                described in subsection (d)(1), (e)(1), or (f)(1), in 
                addition to any other funds made available to carry out 
                that authority under any other provision of law, there 
                are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary such 
                sums as are necessary for the Secretary to provide 
                additional loans, loan guarantees, or grants under that 
                authority.
answer:
Establishes in the Treasury the Energy Assistance Fund.

Directs the Secretary of the Treasury, upon request of the Secretary concerned, to transfer amounts from the Fund to that Secretary to make or guarantee low-interest loans or grants to U.S. persons to purchase and install: (1) qualifying energy efficient property in their principal dwelling (i.e., solar powered property to heat water or generate electricity, fuel cells, or compliant stoves); (2) idling reduction devices or advanced insulation in heavy trucks; and (3) qualified alternative fuel vehicle refueling property at a station.


question:
SECTION 1. TEACHER RECRUITMENT, RETENTION, AND TRAINING.

    (a) In General.--Title II of the Elementary and Secondary Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6601 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating part E as part F;
            (2) by redesignating sections 2401 and 2402 as sections 
        2501 and 2502, respectively; and
            (3) by inserting after part D the following:

         ``PART E--TEACHER RECRUITMENT, RETENTION, AND TRAINING

``SEC. 2401. PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary is authorized to make grants to 
local educational agencies to permit such agencies to recruit, retain, 
and train high-quality teachers by carrying out one or more of the 
activities described in subsection (b).
    ``(b) Uses of Funds.--
            ``(1) Recruitment, retention, and training activities.--A 
        local educational agency that receives a grant under this part 
        may use the grant funds for any of the following recruitment, 
        retention, and training activities:
                    ``(A) Providing signing bonuses for teachers.
                    ``(B) Carrying out merit pay programs.
                    ``(C) Providing performance bonuses to teachers.
                    ``(D) Providing scholarships to teachers to pursue 
                advanced course work.
                    ``(E) Providing mentoring programs for teachers.
                    ``(F) Coordinating with institutions of higher 
                education to provide professional development for 
                teachers.
                    ``(G) Any other activity that the local educational 
                agency believes to be effective in recruiting, 
                retaining, or training high-quality teachers.

``SEC. 2402. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part such 
sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 2002 through 2004.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--Section 2003 of the Elementary and 
Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6603) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``part C)'' and 
        inserting ``parts C and E)''; and
            (2) in subsection (b), by inserting ``(other than parts C 
        and E)'' after ``title''.

SEC. 2. LOAN FORGIVENESS FOR TEACHERS.

    (a) Elimination of New Borrower Restrictions.--
            (1) FFEL program.--Section 428J(b) of the Higher Education 
        Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1078-10(b)) is amended by striking ``for 
        any new borrower on or after October 1, 1998, who'' and 
        inserting ``for any borrower who''.
            (2) Federal direct loan program.--Section 460(b)(1) of such 
        Act (20 U.S.C. 1087j(b)(1)) is amended by striking ``for any 
        new borrower on or after October 1, 1998, who'' and inserting 
        ``for any borrower who''.
    (b) Expansion of Eligible Teaching Locations and Subjects; 
Eliminating Delay in Service Benefit.--
            (1) FFEL program.--Section 428J(b)(1) of such Act is 
        amended by striking everything preceding subparagraph (B) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(1) has been employed as a full-time teacher--
                    ``(A)(i) in a school that qualifies under section 
                465(a)(2)(A) for loan cancellation for Perkins loan 
                recipients who teach in such schools;
                    ``(ii) as a full-time special education teacher, as 
                described in section 465(a)(2)(C); or
                    ``(iii) as a full-time teacher in any field of 
                expertise where the State educational agency determines 
                there is a shortage of qualified teachers;''.
            (2) Federal direct loan program.--Section 460(b)(1)(A) of 
        such Act (20 U.S.C. 1087j(b)(1)(A)) is amended by striking 
        everything preceding clause (ii) and inserting the following:
                    ``(A) has been employed as a full-time teacher--
                            ``(i)(I) in a school that qualifies under 
                        section 465(a)(2)(A) for loan cancellation for 
                        Perkins loan recipients who teach in such 
                        schools;
                            ``(II) as a full-time special education 
                        teacher, as described in section 465(a)(2)(C); 
                        or
                            ``(III) as a full-time teacher in any field 
                        of expertise where the State educational agency 
                        determines there is a shortage of qualified 
                        teachers;''.
    (c) Amounts Subject to Forgiveness.--
            (1) FFEL program.--Section 428J(c) of the Higher Education 
        Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1078-10(c)) is amended by striking 
        paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) Amount and rate of repayment.--The Secretary shall 
        repay an amount that is not more than $20,000 in the aggregate 
        of the loan obligation on a loan made under section 428 or 428H 
        that is outstanding after the completion of the first complete 
        school year of teaching described in subsection (b)(1) for 
        which the borrower seeks repayment under this section. Such 
        amount shall be repaid at the rate of 15 percent for the first 
        or second year of such service, 20 percent for the third or 
        fourth year of such service, and 30 percent for the fifth year 
        of such service. No borrower may receive a reduction of loan 
        obligations under both this section and section 460.''.
            (2) Federal direct loan program.--Section 460(c) of such 
        Act (20 U.S.C. 1087j(c)) is amended by striking paragraph (1) 
        and inserting the following:
            ``(1) Amount and rate of repayment.--The Secretary shall 
        cancel an amount that is not more than $20,000 in the aggregate 
        of the loan obligation on a loan made under section 428 or 428H 
        that is outstanding after the completion of the first complete 
        school year of teaching described in subsection (b)(1)(A). Such 
        amount shall be canceled at the rate of 15 percent for the 
        first or second year of such service, 20 percent for the third 
        or fourth year of such service, and 30 percent for the fifth 
        year of such service.''.
answer:
Amends the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to establish a new program for teacher recruitment, retention, and training. Authorizes the Secretary of Education to award grants to local educational agencies to recruit, retain, and train high-quality teachers through one or more specified types of activities.Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to revise student loan forgiveness for teachers under the Federal Family Education Loan and Federal Direct Loan programs. Expands forgiveness eligibility by: (1) eliminating requirements allowing only certain new borrowers to participate; and (2) increasing the types of eligible teaching locations and subjects. Eliminates a service requirement that an individual teach at least five consecutive complete school years before being eligible for program benefits. Increases to $20,000 the aggregate amount of an individual teacher's student loan obligation which may be forgiven, and revises the rate of repayment.


question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Civil Defense Accountability Act of 
2018''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) On January 13, 2018, a ballistic missile alert reading: 
        ``BALLISTIC MISSILE THREAT INBOUND TO HAWAII. SEEK IMMEDIATE 
        SHELTER. THIS IS NOT A DRILL'' was sent in error to individuals 
        in the State of Hawaii, and was not corrected for 38 minutes, 
        traumatizing Hawaii residents and visitors.
            (2) The National Security Strategy of the President, dated 
        December 18, 2017, noted the following:
                    (A) ``As missiles grow in numbers, types, and 
                effectiveness, to include those with greater ranges, 
                they are the most likely means for states like North 
                Korea to use a nuclear weapon against the United 
                States.''.
                    (B) North Korea ``has spent hundreds of millions of 
                dollars on nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons 
                that could threaten our homeland''.
                    (C) ``North Korea seeks the capability to kill 
                millions of Americans with nuclear weapons.''.
            (3) Due to the heightened threat level of conflict with 
        North Korea, the State of Hawaii has begun to implement monthly 
        outdoor warning siren system tests for the first time since the 
        end of the Cold War.
            (4) According to the Hawaii Emergency Management Agency, a 
        North Korean ballistic missile would reach Hawaii approximately 
        20 minutes after launch.
            (5) According to the Missile Defense Agency, 
        ``sophisticated ballistic missile technology is available on a 
        wider scale than ever to countries hostile to the U.S. and our 
        allies. As those countries continue to develop and exchange 
        this technology, there is also an increasing threat of those 
        technologies falling into the hands of hostile non-state 
        groups.''.

SEC. 3. REPORT REGARDING BALLISTIC MISSILE CIVIL DEFENSE NOTIFICATION 
              PROTOCOLS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with 
the Director of the Federal Communications Commission and the Secretary 
of Homeland Security, shall submit to Congress a report regarding 
current notification protocols regarding ballistic missile threats. 
Such report shall include assessments of notifications required under 
Federal law or regulations--
            (1) after a ballistic missile threat is identified, 
        including notifications to Federal and State entities;
            (2) during a ballistic missile threat, including 
        communications between Federal and State entities; and
            (3) regarding ballistic missile impact warnings to Federal 
        and State entities and the general public.
    (b) Form.--The report required under subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified annex.

SEC. 4. CIVIL DEFENSE EMERGENCY BEST PRACTICES.

    (a) Study.--(1) Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security, acting 
through the Federal Emergency Management Agency, shall conduct a study 
to identify best practices of the States selected under paragraph (2) 
regarding civil defense emergencies. Such study shall identify the 
following:
                    (A) Plans of each State regarding communications 
                between State, local, and Federal entities before, 
                during, and after a civil defense emergency.
                    (B) Plans of each State to communicate with 
                residents before, during, and after a civil defense 
                emergency.
                    (C) Plans of each State to educate residents 
                regarding civil defense emergencies.
                    (D) Security plans of each State and local law 
                enforcement agencies of each State regarding civil 
                defense emergencies.
                    (E) Contingency plans of each State to deliver aid, 
                food, water, and temporary shelter in a civil defense 
                emergency.
    (2) The Secretary of Homeland Security shall select not fewer than 
13 States to participate in the study under this subsection, 
including--
            (A) Hawaii, Alaska, California, and Washington;
            (B) not fewer than five other States that border on an 
        ocean or the Gulf of Mexico; and
            (C) not fewer than five other States that do not so border 
        an ocean or the Gulf of Mexico.
    (b) Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security 
        shall submit to Congress a report regarding the following:
                    (A) The study under subsection (a).
                    (B) Deficiencies identified by the Secretary in 
                existing State practices regarding civil defense 
                emergencies.
                    (C) Best practices identified by the Secretary 
                regarding civil defense emergencies.
                    (D) Best modes and methods used to provide public 
                instructions once a civil defense emergency is 
                declared.
                    (E) Plans of the Secretary to improve outreach to 
                the general public regarding civil defense emergencies.
            (2) Form.--The report required under this subsection shall 
        be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified 
        annex.
            (3) Dissemination to the states.--Not later than 270 days 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
        Homeland Security shall disseminate the unclassified portions 
        of the report required under this subsection to the chief 
        executive of each State.

SEC. 5. INCIDENT REPORTS REGARDING THE BALLISTIC MISSILE FALSE ALARM 
              THAT OCCURRED ON JANUARY 13, 2018.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, each key official shall submit to Congress an 
unclassified report, with a classified annex if necessary, regarding 
the actions of the respective Federal department or agency of the key 
official with respect to the ballistic missile false alarm that 
occurred on January 13, 2018, in the State of Hawaii. Each report under 
this section shall include recommendations of the key official who 
submits each such report regarding corrective actions that such key 
official determines will diminish the possibility of another ballistic 
missile false alarm.
    (b) Publication.--Each key official who submits a report under 
subsection (a) shall publish on a publicly available website of the 
respective Federal department or agency of each such key official the 
unclassified portion of each such report.
    (c) Key Official Defined.--In this section, the term ``key 
official'' includes--
            (1) the Secretary of Defense;
            (2) the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management 
        Agency; and
            (3) the Director of the Federal Communications Commission.

SEC. 6. PUBLIC HEALTH RECOMMENDATIONS.

    (a) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, 
acting through the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness 
and Response of the Department of Health and Human Services, shall 
submit to Congress and publish online a report regarding the ability of 
the Department and health care providers to respond to attacks in the 
United States with biological, chemical, radiological, or nuclear 
weapons. The report under this section shall include the following:
            (1) Assessments of current readiness of the Department and 
        health care providers to respond to such attacks.
            (2) Recommendations to Congress and to health care 
        providers that the Secretary determines will improve readiness 
        described in paragraph (1).
    (b) Outreach.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall 
develop and implement a public outreach program in coordination with 
State and local government entities regarding recommendations contained 
in the report required under subsection (a).
    (c) Grants.--The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall take 
into consideration the recommendations in the report required under 
subsection (a) when issuing grants under the Public Health Emergency 
Preparedness cooperative agreement and the Hospital Preparedness 
Program.

SEC. 7. DEFINITION.

    In this Act, the term ``State'' means each of the several States of 
the United States, the District of Columbia, and any territory, 
commonwealth, or possession of the United States.
answer:

Civil Defense Accountability Act of 2018 This bill directs the Department of Defense (DOD), in coordination with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), to report to Congress regarding current notification protocols for ballistic missile threats. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) must conduct, and report on, a study to identify best practices of at least 13 states, including Hawaii, Alaska, California, Washington, and other states bordering or not bordering on an ocean or the Gulf of Mexico, regarding civil defense emergencies. The bill requires key officials (defined to include the heads of DOD, FEMA, and the FCC) to submit to Congress and make publicly available unclassified reports on the actions of their respective departments or agencies regarding the ballistic missile false alarm that occurred on January 13, 2018, in Hawaii. Each report shall include recommendations for corrective actions to diminish the possibility of another ballistic missile false alarm. The Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) must submit to Congress and publish online a report regarding the ability of HHS and health care providers to respond to attacks in the United States with biological, chemical, radiological, or nuclear weapons. HHS must (1) develop and implement a public outreach program in coordination with state and local governments regarding recommendations in such report for improving readiness in responding to such attacks, and (2) consider the report's recommendations when issuing grants under the Public Health Emergency Preparedness cooperative agreement and the Hospital Preparedness Program.