In this task, you are given a part of an article. Your task is to generate headline (title) for this text. Preferred headlines are under fifteen words.

Example Input: How to build a machine learning method that can continuously gain structured visual knowledge by learning structured facts? Our goal in this paper is to address this question by proposing a problem setting, where training data comes as structured facts in images with different types including (1) objects(e.g., <boy>), (2) attributes (e.g., <boy,tall>), (3) actions (e.g., <boy, playing>), (4) interactions (e.g., <boy, riding, a horse >). Each structured fact has a semantic language view (e.g., < boy, playing>) and a visual view (an image with this fact). A human is able to efficiently gain visual knowledge by learning facts in a never ending process, and as we believe in a structured way (e.g., understanding “playing” is the action part of < boy, playing>, and hence can generalize to recognize <girl, playing > if just learn <girl> additionally). Inspired by human visual perception, we propose a model that is (1) able to learn a representation, we name as wild-card, which covers different types of structured facts, (2) could flexibly get fed with structured fact language-visual view pairs in a never ending way to gain more structured knowledge, (3) could generalize to unseen facts, and (4) allows retrieval of both the fact language view given the visual view (i.e., image) and vice versa. We also propose a novel method to generate hundreds of thousands of structured fact pairs from image caption data, which are necessary to train our model and can be useful for other applications.
Example Output: SHERLOCK: MODELING STRUCTURED KNOWLEDGE IN IMAGES

Example Input: In this paper, we model the trajectory of sea vessels and provide a service that predicts in near-real time the position of any given vessel in 4’, 10’, 20’ and 40’ time intervals. We explore the necessary tradeoffs between accuracy, performance and resource utilization are explored given the large volume and update rates of input data. We start with building models based on well-established machine learning algorithms using static datasets and multi-scan training approaches and identify the best candidate to be used in implementing a single-pass predictive approach, under real-time constraints. The results are measured in terms of accuracy and performance and are compared against the baseline kinematic equations. Results show that it is possible to efficiently model the trajectory of multiple vessels using a single model, which is trained and evaluated using an adequately large, static dataset, thus achieving a significant gain in terms of resource usage while not compromising accuracy.
Example Output: Employing traditional machine learning algorithms for big data streams analysis: the case of object trajectory prediction

Example Input: Robots will eventually be part of every household. It is thus critical to enable algorithms to learn from and be guided by non-expert users. In this paper, we bring a human in the loop, and enable a human teacher to give feedback to a learning agent in the form of natural language. We argue that a descriptive sentence can provide a much stronger learning signal than a numeric reward in that it can easily point to where the mistakes are and how to correct them. We focus on the problem of image captioning in which the quality of the output can easily be judged by non-experts. We propose a hierarchical phrase-based captioning model trained with policy gradients, and design a feedback network that provides reward to the learner by conditioning on the human-provided feedback. We show that by exploiting descriptive feedback our model learns to perform better than when given independently written human captions.
Example Output:
Teaching Machines to Describe Images via Natural Language Feedback