In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

Q: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Focus on Family Health Worldwide Act 
of 2005''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Since 1965, the people and Government of the United 
        States have supported international voluntary family planning 
        programs, increasing the use of modern contraceptives in the 
        developing world from fewer than 10 percent of couples in 1965 
        to more than 40 percent of couples today.
            (2) United States funding for international family planning 
        is today providing services to 20 million couples in the 
        world's poorest countries, contributing to family well-being by 
        improving maternal health, reducing maternal and infant deaths, 
        preventing abortions, and improving the lives of millions of 
        families.
            (3) The United States spends on average three cents per 
        American per week for international family planning programs.
            (4) In the developing world, the use of modern 
        contraceptives reduces unintended pregnancies and the 
        probability that a woman will have an abortion by 85 percent.
            (5) President George W. Bush has stated that one of the 
        best ways to prevent abortion is by providing quality voluntary 
        family planning programs.
            (6) In developing countries at least 120 million married 
        couples who would like to postpone their next pregnancy, or 
        have no more children, do not have access to or are not using 
        modern contraception.
            (7) In sub-Saharan Africa, 46 percent of women who desire 
        to delay or end childbearing remain without access to voluntary 
        family planning and at risk of unintended pregnancy.
            (8) Each year more than 525,000 women die from causes 
        related to pregnancy and childbirth with 99 percent of these 
        deaths occurring in developing countries. An additional eight 
        million women each year suffer serious health complications 
        from pregnancy and childbirth.
            (9) A lack of birth spacing resulting in birth intervals of 
        9 to 14 months increases the risk of maternal death by 250 
        percent.
            (10) Birth spacing of at least 36 months is associated with 
        the lowest mortality risk for infants and children under five 
        years of age.
            (11) Approximately 10.8 million children under the age of 
        five die each year, more than 30,000 every day, frequently from 
        low birth-weight or from causes related to complications in the 
        mother's pregnancy.
            (12) Providing access to modern contraception in less 
        developed countries could prevent 1.4 million infant deaths and 
        142,000 maternal deaths annually.
            (13) Linking family planning programs with HIV/AIDS 
        prevention, care, and treatment programs helps to meet the 
        multiple health needs of couples while effectively using scarce 
        financial and human resources.
            (14) For HIV-positive women, family planning is the most 
        efficacious and cost-effective intervention to prevent 
        unintended pregnancies, decrease the risk of maternal death, 
        and avoid the transmission of HIV from mother-to-child, 
        premature birth, low birth weight, or infant death.
            (15) Rapid population growth over-stresses vital resources, 
        such as water, agricultural land, forests, and wildlife, 
        contributing to extreme poverty, infectious disease, limited 
        access to education, environmental destruction, food 
        insecurity, and resultant malnutrition.
            (16) Malnutrition in children is a contributing factor to 
        more than one-half of all child mortality, and malnutrition in 
        mothers account for a substantial proportion of neonatal 
        mortality.
            (17) United States-funded family planning programs have 
        been successfully linked with the conservation of natural 
        resources to ease growing population pressures, improve food 
        security, and keep families healthy and communities 
        economically viable.
            (18) Between 2005 and 2050, if family planning needs remain 
        unmet, the population is expected to grow by more than 300 
        percent in the developing countries of Afghanistan, Burkina 
        Faso, Burundi, Chad, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the 
        Republic of the Congo, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, the 
        Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, and Uganda.

SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that it should be a United States 
policy objective to--
            (1) partner with developing countries to expand access to 
        voluntary family planning programs and the supply of modern 
        contraceptives in order to--
                    (A) meet growing demand to allow couples to achieve 
                their desired family size;
                    (B) reduce maternal and child mortality;
                    (C) reduce unintended pregnancies and resulting 
                abortions;
                    (D) reduce the incidence of HIV transmission from 
                mother-to-child and extend the lives of HIV-positive 
                women thus reducing the number of orphaned children;
                    (E) conserve vital natural resources, including 
                water, agricultural land, and forested lands;
                    (F) improve food security; and
                    (G) enhance opportunities for lasting social and 
                economic development; and
            (2) strengthen public heath initiatives worldwide by 
        provide training, research, and services for a wide variety of 
        modern contraceptives and family planning methods that are 
        designed and implemented based on--
                    (A) community participation;
                    (B) the needs and values of beneficiaries; and
                    (C) adherence to the principles of voluntary 
                participation and informed consent.

SEC. 4. ASSISTANCE TO IMPROVE VOLUNTARY FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS IN 
              DEVELOPING COUNTRIES.

    (a) Amendments.--Section 104(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151b(b)) is amended--
            (1) in the first sentence, by striking ``In order to'' and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--In order to''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(2) Assistance to improve voluntary family planning 
        programs.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The President, acting through 
                the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
                International Development, is authorized to provide 
                assistance, on such terms and conditions as the 
                President may determine, to improve voluntary family 
                planning programs in developing countries.
                    ``(B) Activities supported.--Assistance provided 
                under subparagraph (A) shall, to the maximum extent 
                practicable, be used to--
                            ``(i) improve public knowledge of voluntary 
                        family planning programs, including the 
                        availability of modern contraceptives and the 
                        health, economic, and natural resource benefits 
                        of voluntary family planning for individuals, 
                        families, and communities;
                            ``(ii) support a wide range of public and 
                        private voluntary family planning programs, 
                        including networks for community-based and 
                        subsidized commercial distribution of modern 
                        contraceptives;
                            ``(iii) expand formal and informal training 
                        for health care providers, health educators, 
                        including peer educators and outreach workers, 
                        managers, traditional birth attendants, 
                        counselors, and community-based distribution 
                        agents;
                            ``(iv) provide improved coordination 
                        between voluntary family planning programs and 
                        programs that receive United States Government 
                        assistance for the prevention of HIV/AIDS and 
                        other sexually transmitted infections, the 
                        prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission, 
                        and the testing, treatment, and care of persons 
                        infected with HIV/AIDS and affected by HIV/AIDS 
                        to strengthen activities under such programs 
                        and enhance the cost-effectiveness of such 
                        programs; and
                            ``(v) strengthen supply chain logistics for 
                        the procurement and reliable distribution of 
                        safe and effective modern contraceptives, 
                        including coordination with the supply chain 
                        for HIV/AIDS prevention, care, and treatment, 
                        to allow for maximum efficiency and cost-
                        savings.
                    ``(C) Priority.--In providing assistance under this 
                paragraph, priority shall be given to developing 
                countries with acute family planning and maternal 
                health needs based on criteria such as--
                            ``(i) the level of unmet need for voluntary 
                        family planning and modern contraceptives;
                            ``(ii) fertility rates;
                            ``(iii) high-risk birth rates;
                            ``(iv) the number of births unattended by 
                        skilled attendants;
                            ``(v) maternal mortality rates;
                            ``(vi) rates of mortality for infants and 
                        children under the age of five;
                            ``(vii) abortion rates;
                            ``(viii) the level of HIV/AIDS in women of 
                        reproductive age; and
                            ``(ix) additional criteria or country 
                        conditions, such as conflict, humanitarian 
                        crisis, large populations of refugees or 
                        internally displaced persons, or areas in which 
                        population growth threatens food security, 
                        vital natural resources, biodiversity, or 
                        endangered species.
                    ``(D) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                            ``(i) AIDS.--The term `AIDS' has the 
                        meaning given the term in section 104A(g)(1) of 
                        this Act.
                            ``(ii) HIV.--The term `HIV' has the meaning 
                        given the term in section 104A(g)(2) of this 
                        Act.
                            ``(iii) HIV/AIDS.--The term `HIV/AIDS' has 
                        the meaning given the term in section 
                        104A(g)(3) of this Act.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The authority to provide assistance under 
section 104(b)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as added by 
subsection (a), applies with respect to fiscal year 2007 and subsequent 
fiscal years.

SEC. 5. REPORT.

    (a) Report.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and biennially thereafter, the President, acting 
through the Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, shall transmit to the Committee on International Relations 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations 
of the Senate a report on the implementation of section 104(b)(2) of 
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (as added by section 4(a)).
    (b) Contents.--The report shall include--
            (1) a description of efforts to implement the policies set 
        forth in section 104(b)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
        1961;
            (2) a description of the programs established pursuant to 
        such section; and
            (3) a detailed assessment of the impact of programs 
        established pursuant to such section, including--
                    (A) an estimate of annual expenditures on modern 
                contraceptive commodities and activities in support of 
                voluntary family planning programs on a country-by-
                country basis, to be based on information supplied by 
                national governments, donor agencies, and private 
                sector entities, to the maximum extent practicable;
                    (B) an assessment by country of the current unmet 
                need for, availability, and use of modern 
                contraception;
                    (C) an assessment of prior year and proposed 
                allocations of modern contraceptives in voluntary 
                family planning assistance by country, which describes 
                how each country's allocation meets the country's 
                needs; and
                    (D) a description of the quality of funded 
                voluntary family planning programs, as measured by 
                survey data or best available estimates, including--
                            (i) types of modern contraceptive methods 
                        offered to significant subgroups (defined by 
                        age, gender, income, and health profile, among 
                        others) on a reliable basis;
                            (ii) information provided to beneficiaries 
                        to enable decision making regarding benefits, 
                        risks, and efficacy of modern contraceptives;
                            (iii) mechanisms to encourage 
                        sustainability of voluntary family planning 
                        programs; and
                            (iv) voluntary family planning programs 
                        that are effective in responding to individual 
                        health needs of beneficiaries.

SEC. 6. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to the President to carry 
out section 104(b)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as added 
by section 4(a) of this Act--
            (1) $600,000,000 for fiscal year 2007;
            (2) $700,000,000 for fiscal year 2008;
            (3) $800,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
            (4) $900,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; and
            (5) $1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2011.

A: Focus on Family Health Worldwide Act of 2005 - Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to authorize the President, through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), to provide assistance for voluntary family planning programs in developing countries, including activities to: (1) improve public knowledge of voluntary family planning programs; (2) support public and private voluntary family planning programs, including networks for community-based and subsidized commercial distribution of contraceptives; (3) expand training for health care providers and educators; (4) provide improved coordination between voluntary family planning programs and programs that receive U.S. assistance for the prevention of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections; and (5) strengthen supply chain logistics for the procurement and distribution of safe contraceptives, including coordination with the supply chain for HIV/AIDS prevention, care, and treatment. Gives priority to developing countries with acute family planning and maternal health needs.

Authorizes appropriations.
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Q: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Budget Surplus Dividend Act of 
1997''.

SEC. 2. 50 PERCENT OF FEDERAL BUDGET SURPLUS TO REIMBURSE EMPLOYERS AND 
              EMPLOYEES FOR A PORTION OF THEIR SOCIAL SECURITY TAXES.

    (a) In General.--Subpart C of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to refundable credits) 
is amended by redesignating section 35 as section 36 and by inserting 
after section 34 the following new section:

``SEC. 35. CREDIT FOR PORTION OF SOCIAL SECURITY TAXES.

    ``(a) Allowance of Credit.--In the case of a taxable year to which 
this section applies, there shall be allowed as a credit against the 
tax imposed by this subtitle for the taxable year an amount equal to 
the applicable percentage of the taxpayer's social security taxes for 
the taxable year.
    ``(b) Taxable Years to Which Section Applies.--This section shall 
apply to any taxable year beginning in the first calendar year 
beginning after a fiscal year if there is a Federal budget surplus for 
such fiscal year of more than $1,000,000,000.
    ``(c) Applicable Percentage.--For purposes of this section--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `applicable percentage' means--
                    ``(A) the base percentage with respect to so much 
                of the taxpayer's social security taxes as does not 
                exceed $3,000, and
                    ``(B) the phasedown percentage with respect to so 
                much of the taxpayer's social security taxes as exceeds 
                $3,000.
            ``(2) Base percentage.--The term `base percentage' means, 
        for taxable years beginning in a calendar year, the percentage 
        which the Secretary estimates will result in a reduction of 
        revenues to the Treasury by reason of this section for such 
        taxable year equal to 50 percent of the Federal budget surplus 
        for the most recent fiscal year ending before such calendar 
        year. Proper adjustments shall be made in the percentage 
        determined under the preceding sentence with respect to any 
        subsequent fiscal year to the extent that prior estimates were 
        in excess of or less than the proper percentage.
            ``(3) Phasedown percentage.--The term `phasedown 
        percentage' means the base percentage reduced (but not below 
        zero) by the number of percentage points which bears the same 
        ratio to the base percentage as--
                    ``(A) the excess of the taxpayer's social security 
                taxes over $3,000 bears to
                    ``(B) the excess of the maximum social security 
                taxes over $3,000.
            ``(4) Maximum social security taxes.--The term `maximum 
        social security taxes' means the amount which would be the 
        social security taxes of the taxpayer if the amount on which 
        such taxes are determined were equal to the maximum amount of 
        remuneration which may be taken into account under section 
        3101(a).
            ``(5) Special rules.--
                    ``(A) Dollar limitations on per employee basis.--
                The dollar limitations in paragraphs (1) and (3) shall 
                be applied on a per employee basis.
                    ``(B) Self-employed individuals.--Paragraphs (1) 
                and (3) shall be applied by substituting `$6,000' for 
                `$3,000' each place it appears in the case of the taxes 
                referred to in subparagraph (C) or (D) of subsection 
                (d)(1).
    ``(d) Social Security Taxes.--For purposes of this section--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `social security taxes' means, 
        with respect to any taxpayer for any taxable year--
                    ``(A) the taxes imposed by sections 3101 and 
                3201(a) (relating to taxes on employees) on amounts 
                received by the taxpayer during the calendar year in 
                which the taxable year begins,
                    ``(B) the taxes imposed by sections 3111 and 
                3221(a) (relating to taxes on employers) on amounts 
                paid by the taxpayer during the calendar year in which 
                the taxable year begins,
                    ``(C) the taxes imposed by section 1401 on the 
                self-employment income of the taxpayer for the taxable 
                year, and
                    ``(D) the taxes imposed by section 3211(a)(1) on 
                amounts received by the taxpayer during the calendar 
                year in which the taxable year begins.
            ``(2) Coordination with special refund of social security 
        taxes.--The term `social security taxes' shall not include any 
        taxes to the extent the taxpayer is entitled to a special 
        refund of such taxes under section 6413(c).
            ``(3) Special rule.--Any amounts paid pursuant to an 
        agreement under section 3121(l) (relating to agreements entered 
        into by American employers with respect to foreign affiliates) 
        which are equivalent to the taxes referred to in paragraph 
        (1)(A) shall be treated as taxes referred to in such 
        paragraph.''
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for subpart C of 
part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by 
striking the item relating to section 35 and inserting the following:

                              ``Sec. 35. Credit for portion of social 
                                        security taxes.
                              ``Sec. 36. Overpayments of tax.''
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1997.

SEC. 3. APPROPRIATION TO USE 25 PERCENT OF FEDERAL BUDGET SURPLUS TO 
              REDUCE OUTSTANDING PUBLIC DEBT.

    There is hereby appropriated for the first fiscal year following 
each fiscal year for which there is a Federal budget surplus an amount 
equal to 25 percent of such surplus for purpose of paying at maturity, 
or to redeem or buy before maturity, obligations of the Government 
included in the public debt. An obligation of the Government that is 
paid, redeemed, or bought with funds appropriated by the preceding 
sentence shall be canceled and retired and may not be reissued.

SEC. 4. USE 25 PERCENT OF FEDERAL BUDGET SURPLUS TO INCREASE NONDEFENSE 
              DISCRETIONARY SPENDING LIMITS.

    For the first fiscal year following each fiscal year for which 
there is a Federal budget surplus, the Director of the Office of 
Management and Budget shall increase (on a pro rata basis between the 
applicable nondefense categories for that fiscal year) the 
discretionary spending limit for new budget authority under section 
251(c) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 
by an amount equal to 25 percent of such surplus and shall adjust the 
outlays flowing from that budget authority accordingly.

A: Budget Surplus Dividend Act of 1997 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to allocate credits to taxpayers for social security taxes, during any year in which there is a Federal budget surplus of more than $1 billion, so as to utilize 50 percent of such surplus.  Requires that, during any such year, the remainder of such surplus shall be split and used to:  (1) reduce the outstanding public debt; and (2) increase nondefense discretionary spending limits.
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Q: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Generic Drug Application Review 
Fairness Act of 2012''.

SEC. 2. EXTENSION OF PERIOD FOR FIRST APPLICANT TO OBTAIN TENTATIVE 
              APPROVAL WITHOUT FORFEITING 180-DAY EXCLUSIVITY PERIOD.

    (a) Extension of Period.--
            (1) In general.--Subclause (IV) of section 505(j)(5)(D)(i) 
        of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 
        355(j)(5)(D)(i)) is amended to read as follows:
                                    ``(IV) Failure to obtain tentative 
                                approval.--The first applicant fails to 
                                obtain tentative approval of the 
                                application within 60 months after the 
                                date on which--
                                            ``(aa) the application is 
                                        filed and initially contains a 
                                        certification described in 
                                        paragraph (2)(A)(vii)(IV), or
                                            ``(bb) the application is 
                                        amended to first contain such a 
                                        certification,
                                unless the failure is caused by a 
                                change in or a review of the 
                                requirements for approval of the 
                                application imposed after the date on 
                                which the application is so filed or 
                                amended.''.
            (2) Applicability.--
                    (A) In general.--Subject to subsection (b), the 
                amendment made by paragraph (1) applies--
                            (i) only with respect to an application 
                        that is filed under section 505(j) of the 
                        Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 
                        355(j)) on or after the day that is 30 months 
                        prior to the date of the enactment of this Act; 
                        and
                            (ii) only if no certification under 
                        paragraph (2)(A)(vii)(IV) of such section 
                        505(j) was made before such day with respect to 
                        the listed drug (as such term is used in such 
                        section 505(j)).
                    (B) Certain applications.--If an application was 
                filed under section 505(j) of the Federal Food, Drug, 
                and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355(j)) prior to the day 
                specified in subparagraph (A)(i) and, on such day, 
                contained a certification described in paragraph 
                (2)(A)(vii)(IV), the application shall be subject to 
                paragraph (5)(D)(i)(IV) of such section 505(j) as in 
                effect on the day before the date of the enactment of 
                this Act.
    (b) Incremental Reduction of Extended Period.--
            (1) Period duration.--
                    (A) Effective on October 1, 2013, subclause (IV) of 
                section 505(j)(5)(D)(i) of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
                Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355(j)(5)(D)(i)), as amended by 
                subsection (a)(1), is amended by striking ``60 months'' 
                and inserting ``54 months''.
                    (B) Effective on October 1, 2014, subclause (IV) of 
                section 505(j)(5)(D)(i) of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
                Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355(j)(5)(D)(i)), as amended by 
                subparagraph (A), is amended by striking ``54 months'' 
                and inserting ``48 months''.
                    (C) Effective on October 1, 2015, subclause (IV) of 
                section 505(j)(5)(D)(i) of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
                Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355(j)(5)(D)(i)), as amended by 
                subparagraph (B), is amended by striking ``48 months'' 
                and inserting ``42 months''.
                    (D) Effective on October 1, 2016, subclause (IV) of 
                section 505(j)(5)(D)(i) of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
                Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355(j)(5)(D)(i)), as amended by 
                subparagraph (C), is amended by striking ``42 months'' 
                and inserting ``36 months''.
                    (E) Effective on October 1, 2017, subclause (IV) of 
                section 505(j)(5)(D)(i) of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
                Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355(j)(5)(D)(i)), as amended by 
                subparagraph (D), is amended by striking ``36 months'' 
                and inserting ``30 months''.
            (2) Applicability.--
                    (A) The amendments made by subparagraphs (A), (B), 
                (C), and (D) of paragraph (1) apply only with respect 
                to an application under section 505(j) of the Federal 
                Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355(j)) that--
                            (i) is filed and initially contains a 
                        certification described in paragraph 
                        (2)(A)(vii)(IV) during the period of one fiscal 
                        year beginning on the effective date of the 
                        respective amendment; or
                            (ii) is amended to initially contain such a 
                        certification during such period.
                    (B) The amendment made by paragraph (1)(E) applies 
                only with respect to an application under section 
                505(j) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 
                U.S.C. 355(j)) that--
                            (i) is filed and initially contains a 
                        certification described in paragraph 
                        (2)(A)(vii)(IV) on or after October 1, 2017; or
                            (ii) is amended to initially contain such a 
                        certification on or after October 1, 2017.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--Subparagraph (G) of section 505(q)(1) of 
the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355(q)(1)) is 
amended by striking ``the 30-month period'' and inserting ``the 
period''.

SEC. 3. MAINTENANCE OF OFFICE OF GENERIC DRUGS AT CDER; REPORTING.

    Section 505(j) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 
U.S.C. 355(j)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(11) Office of generic drugs.--
                    ``(A) Office.--The Secretary shall maintain the 
                Office of Generic Drugs as a separate office within the 
                Center for Drug Evaluation and Research of the Food and 
                Drug Administration.
                    ``(B) Reporting.--The Director of the Office of 
                Generic Drugs shall report directly to the Director of 
                the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.''.

A:
Generic Drug Application Review Fairness Act of 2012 - Amends the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to extend from 30 to 60 months after application the period for a first applicant of a generic drug to obtain tentative approval without forfeiting the 180-day exclusivity period with respect to such drug, unless the failure in meeting the extended period is caused by a change in or review of approval requirements. Limits extension coverage to applications filed within 30 months preceding the enactment of this Act.

Reduces such extended period by six months per year over a five-year period, beginning on October 1, 2013.

Directs the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to maintain the Office of Generic Drugs as a separate office within the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
****