In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Input: Consider Input: Context: In this study, we compared the diagnostic performance of the standard SPECT with motion-frozen (MF) myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) in obese patients.', 'A total of 90 consecutive obese patients (body mass index, 30.1-46.8, average, 34.3 +/- 3.6; age, 63 +/- 12 y; 30% women) underwent standard supine rest (201)Tl/stress (99m)Tc dual-isotope gated MPS and cardiac catheterization within 3 mo. MF images were obtained by nonlinear warping of cardiac phases to the end-diastolic position. Total perfusion deficit (TPD) was obtained for summed (S-TPD) and motion-frozen (MF-TPD) datasets with sex-specific standard and MF normal limits.', 'The area under the receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curve for detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) by MF-TPD was significantly larger than that for S-TPD (0.93 +/- 0.25 vs. 0.88 +/- 0.32, P < 0.05). MF-TPD had higher specificity (77% vs. 55%, P < 0.05) and accuracy (89% vs. 80%, P < 0.05) than did S-TPD.\Question: Does motion-frozen myocardial perfusion SPECT improve detection of coronary artery disease in obese patients?

Output: MF processing of MPS improves CAD detection in obese patients.


Input: Consider Input: Context: Poor decision-making is a hallmark of addiction, whether to substances or activities. Performance on a widely used test of decision-making, the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), can discriminate controls from persons with ventral medial frontal lesions, substance-dependence, and pathological gambling. Positron emission tomography (PET) studies indicate that substance-dependent individuals show altered prefrontal activity on the task. Here we adapted the IGT to an fMRI setting to test the hypothesis that defects in ventral medial and prefrontal processing are associated with impaired decisions that involve risk but may differ depending on whether substance dependence is comorbid with gambling problems.', '18 controls, 14 substance-dependent individuals (SD), and 16 SD with gambling problems (SDPG) underwent fMRI while performing a modified version of the IGT.', 'Group differences were observed in ventral medial frontal, right frontopolar, and superior frontal cortex during decision-making. Controls showed the greatest activity, followed by SDPG, followed by SD.\Question: Is prefrontal cortex activity reduced in gambling and nongambling substance users during decision-making?

Output: Our results support a hypothesis that defects in ventral medial frontal processing lead to impaired decisions that involve risk. Reductions in right prefrontal activity during decision-making appear to be modulated by the presence of gambling problems and may reflect impaired working memory, stimulus reward valuation, or cue reactivity in substance-dependent individuals.


Input: Consider Input: Context: The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) revised its practice bulletin on vaginal birth after Cesarean (VBAC) in October 1998 and July 1999 to require the presence of a surgeon, anesthesiologist and operating personnel throughout the trial of labor for patients with prior Cesarean. This study measures the change in VBAC rates from 1998 to 2001 and examines possible reasons for this change.', 'We examined birth certificate and hospital data in the State of Maine from 1998 to 2001. Hospital-specific rates for primary Cesareans, total Cesareans, repeat Cesareans and vaginal deliveries after previous Cesarean were obtained. Additionally, we surveyed current obstetric-care providers in Maine regarding reasons for change in VBAC rates at their institutions.', "VBAC rates declined by over 50% from 30.1 to 13.1%. The total Cesarean rate climbed from 19.4 to 24.0%. The most commonly reported reason for decrease in VBAC varied depending on whether a practitioner's hospital met ACOG guidelines.\Question: Are vaginal birth after Cesarean rates declining rapidly in the rural state of Maine?


Output: A marked decline in VBAC occurred after the change in ACOG vaginal birth after Cesarean policy. Multiple factors have contributed to this decline, including patients refusing VBAC after counseling and inability of institutions to meet ACOG guidelines.