Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
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Question: Chronic idiopathic urticaria is a common skin disorder characterized by recurrent, transitory, itchy weals for more than 6 weeks. An autoimmune origin has been suggested based on the findings of auto-antibodies (Abs) directed against either the alpha subunit of the high-affinity IgE receptor or the IgE molecule in nearly half of the patients.', 'To identify other autoantigen targets in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria.', "We used pooled IgG derived from 133 patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria to screen a random peptide library to identify disease-relevant autoantigen peptides. Among the identified peptides, one was recognized by the vast majority of patients' sera. Abs against this peptide were affinity purified from the patients' sera and assayed for their ability to induce histamine release from basophils.", "We identified a peptide that showed similarity with the low-affinity IgE receptor (Fc epsilonRII/CD23) expressed on lymphomonocytes and eosinophils. Anti-peptide IgG Abs purified from the patients' sera bound cell surface CD23 and were able to induce histamine release from basophils. This effect appeared to be mediated by the release of major basic protein from eosinophils upon engagement of CD23. The same effects were obtained with the sera from mice immunized with the CD23 peptide.

Answer: Do in chronic idiopathic urticaria autoantibodies against Fc epsilonRII/CD23 induce histamine release via eosinophil activation?


Question: Expression of CINCs was regulated differentially in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rat macrophages. We examined whether the expression of CINCs in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rat macrophages is similarly inhibited by anti-inflammatory drugs.', 'Rat peritoneal macrophages were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide in the presence of anti-inflammatory steroids (dexamethasone, prednisolone and hydrocortisone) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (indomethacin and piroxicam). The production and mRNA expression of three types of CINCs were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and northern hybridization.', 'Anti-inflammatory steroids; dexamethasone, prednisolone and hydrocortisone, dose-dependently inhibited the production of CINC-1, -2 and -3, whose inhibitory patterns were similar to each other. Furthermore mRNA expression of each CINC was inhibited by dexamethasone in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, indomethacin and piroxicam were without effect. Expression of each CINC was regulated differently; the production of CINC-1 reached a maximum at 12 h and then slightly decreased after lipopolysaccharide stimulation, whereas that of CINC-2 and CINC-3 increased up to 24 h. Dexamethasone inhibited the CINCs production and mRNA expression at 9 h after lipopolysaccharide stimulation.

Answer: Is the expression of three types of CINCs by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rat macrophages inhibited similarly by anti-inflammatory steroids?


Question: Factors related to malignant transformation of laryngeal precancerous lesions remain largely unknown, so we investigated the relationship between the expression of p27 and precancerous laryngeal lesion.', 'In this study we investigated the expressions of p27 and p53 protein in 56 cases with laryngeal precancerous or cancer lesions (20 cases of hyperplasia, 19 of dysplasia, and 17 of squamous cell carcinoma), and went on to evaluate the relationship between immunoreactivity of each of them and the histological findings. We also evaluated the correlation between immunoreactivity and proliferative activity with the aid of Ki-67 nuclear antigen staining.', 'A retrospective study was performed in 56 cases (20 with epithelial hyperplasia, 19 with epithelial dysplasia and 17 with laryngeal cancer). Immunohistochemistry was performed to investigate expression of p27, p53 protein and Ki-67 nuclear antigen staining, using the avidian-biotin-peroxidase complex technique.', 'p27 immunostaining was observed in 12 out of 20 cases of hyperplasia (60%), six out of 19 cases of dysplasia (31%), and 2/17 (12%) of carcinoma. We found significant association between p27 immunostaining and the histological findings. On the other hand, p53 immunostaining was observed in 6/20 (30%) of hyperplasia, 3/19 (16%) of dysplasia, and 7/17 (41%) of carcinoma. No significant association was found between p53 and the histological findings.

Answer:
Is reduced expression of p27 correlated with progression in precancerous lesions of the larynx?