instruction:
In this task, you are given a paragraph (from a research paper) and your task is to classify each sentence of the paragraph (assume n sentence) into the following categories: Background, Purpose, Method, Finding/Contribution, or Other. Return the output in this format: 1 - category of sentence 1, 2 - category of sentence 2, ..., n - category of sentence n; where each number indicates the order of the sentence. The categories can be identified using the following questions: 
 Background: - Why is this problem important? - What relevant works have been done before? - What did the previous works miss? - What are the high-level research questions? - How might this help other researchers?
 Purpose: - What specific things do the researchers want to do? - What specific knowledge do the researchers want to know? - What specific hypothesis do the researchers want to test?
 Method: - How did the researchers do it or find it out? - What are the procedures and steps of this research?
 Finding/Contribution: - What did the researchers find out? Did the proposed methods work? - Did things behave as the researchers expected?
Other: put every text fragment that does not fit into any of the categories above here. Put a sentence here if its not in English, is not part of the article, contains numbers and dates, is a caption of a figure or a table, is a formatting error, or you are not sure about it.
question:
Rhinovirus was the most prevalent virus and the only virus with a significantly different infection rate in CRS patients and controls in both samples (odds ratio, 3.2 in lavage and 3.4 in scraping samples). This study detected a higher prevalence of respiratory viruses in CRS patients than controls, suggesting that there may be significant associations between inflammation of CRS and respiratory viruses, particularly rhinovirus. Further studies should investigate the exact role of highly prevalent respiratory viruses in CRS patients during symptomatic aggravation and ongoing mucosal inflammation.
answer:
1 - finding, 2 - finding, 3 - finding, 4 - finding


question:
Quantification of physiologic defensin concentrations in vivo is complex, as defensins are present at high local concentrations within specific cell types or upon release from cells into confined anatomical niches (e.g., crypts of the small intestine) but can become diluted in extracellular fluids. For the myeloid -defensins, Daher et al. estimated ~3 mM (10 mg/ml) HNPs in neutrophils, with even higher local concentrations in the azurophilic granules in which they are stored 1 . For the enteric -defensins, Ayabe et al. estimated concentrations of ≥3.5 mM (15-100 mg/ml) in the crypt lumen, the site of Paneth cell degranulation 31 . These concentrations are likely similar in the human small intestine, where HD5 expression exceeds that of HD6 by 6-fold 32 . In healthy patients, epithelial lining fluid of the lung contains 31-79 nM HNP1-3, nasal fluid contains ~2.7 M HNP1-3, saliva contains 0.3-3 M HNP1-3, and vaginal secretions contain ~1.5 M HNPs and 0.3-14 M HD5 23; 33; 34; 35; 36; 37; 38 . For the -defensins, 5-10 nM HBD2 has been measured in nasal fluid 37; 39 . However, in certain disease states defensin levels can be highly elevated. For example, 57 M to 2.4 mM concentrations of HNP1 have been found in epithelial lining fluid of cystic fibrosis patients 36 . Overall, the concentrations of defensins present in vivo are generally within the range that is needed for direct antiviral activity by -defensins and generally below the concentrations required for direct antiviral activity by -defensins. Wilson et al. 
answer:
1 - finding, 2 - finding, 3 - finding, 4 - finding, 5 - finding, 6 - finding, 7 - finding, 8 - finding, 9 - finding, 10 - finding, 11 - finding, 12 - finding, 13 - finding, 14 - finding, 15 - finding, 16 - finding, 17 - finding, 18 - finding, 19 - other


question:
The hydroalcoholic extract of Punica granatum (pomegranate) leaves was previously demonstrated to be anti-inflammatory in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-(LPS-) induced acute peritonitis. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the pomegranate leaf hydroalcoholic extract (EAFPg) on the LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model. Male Swiss mice received either EAFPg at different doses or dexamethasone (per os) prior to LPS intranasal instillation. Vehicle-treated mice were used as controls. Animals were culled at 4 h after LPS challenge, and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung samples were collected for analysis. EAFPg and kaempferol effects on NO and cytokine production by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages were also investigated. Pretreatment with EAFPg (100-300 mg/kg) markedly reduced cell accumulation (specially neutrophils) and collagen deposition in the lungs of ALI mice. The same animals presented with reduced lung and BALF TNF-α and IL-1β expression in comparison with vehicle controls (p < 0 05). Additionally, incubation with either EAFPg or kaempferol (100 μg/ml) reduced NO production and cytokine gene expression in cultured LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Overall, these results demonstrate that the prophylactic treatment with EAFPg attenuates acute lung inflammation. We suggest this fraction may be useful in treating ALI.
answer:

1 - background, 2 - purpose, 3 - method, 4 - method, 5 - method, 6 - method, 7 - method, 8 - finding, 9 - finding, 10 - finding, 11 - finding, 12 - finding