In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Q: Context: Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a CXC chemokine that induces the migration and proliferation of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, is a potent angiogenic factor that may play a role in atherosclerosis. Previously, IL-8 has been reported in atherosclerotic lesions and circulating macrophages from patients with atherosclerosis. Therefore, we sought to determine whether IL-8 plays a role in mediating angiogenic activity in atherosclerosis.', 'Homogenates from 16 patients undergoing directional coronary atherectomy (DCA) and control samples from the internal mammary artery (IMA) of 7 patients undergoing bypass graft surgery were assessed for IL-8 content by specific ELISA, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization for IL-8 mRNA. The contribution of IL-8 to net angiogenic activity was assessed using the rat cornea micropocket assay and cultured cells. IL-8 expression was significantly elevated in DCA samples compared with IMA samples (1.71+/-0.6 versus 0.05+/-0.03 ng/mg of total protein; P<0.01). Positive immunolocalization of IL-8 was found exclusively in DCA tissue sections, and it correlated with the presence of factor VIII-related antigen. In situ reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction revealed the expression of IL-8 mRNA in DCA tissue. Corneal neovascular response, defined by ingrowth of capillary sprouts toward the implant, was markedly positive with DCA pellets, but no constitutive vessel ingrowth was seen with IMA specimens. Neutralizing IL-8 attenuated both the in vivo corneal neovascular response and the in vitro proliferation of cultured cells.\Question: Is iL-8 an angiogenic factor in human coronary atherectomy tissue?

A: The results suggest that, in human coronary atherosclerosis, IL-8 is an important mediator of angiogenesis and may contribute to plaque formation via its angiogenic properties.
****
Q: Context: To test the hypothesis that effective pulmonary capillary blood flow can be a useful indicator for estimating appropriate oxygenation and ventilation during one-lung ventilation in lung surgery.', 'Prospective data analysis.', 'A 770-bed general teaching hospital.', '15 ASA physical status II and III patients undergoing elective lung surgery.', 'Patients received general and thoracic epidural anesthesia and underwent lung operation with one-lung ventilation.', 'We measured effective pulmonary capillary blood flow by a partial CO2 rebreathing method and oxygenation parameters during two-lung ventilation before surgery, during one-lung ventilation, and during two-lung ventilation after lung surgery.', 'The effective pulmonary capillary blood flow index significantly decreased by 31.6%, which was associated with a significant decrease in arterial oxygen tension (PaO2). The pulmonary shunt fraction increased to 46.3% during one-lung ventilation. During two-lung ventilation, after chest closure, effective pulmonary capillary blood flow index divided by heart rate (i.e., effective pulmonary blood stroke flow index) was still significantly lower than that seen during two-lung ventilation before thoracotomy. There were significant correlations between effective pulmonary capillary blood flow, pulmonary blood stroke flow index, and PaO2.\Question: Is a noninvasive partial carbon dioxide rebreathing technique for measurement of pulmonary capillary blood flow also a useful oxygenation monitor during one-lung ventilation?

A: Effective pulmonary capillary blood flow index and effective pulmonary blood stroke flow index are useful indicators for determining appropriate oxygenation therapy during one-lung ventilation.
****
Q: Context: To estimate the sensitivity and specificity of emergency department (ED) ultrasound for the detection of solid organ injury following blunt abdominal trauma.', 'A prospective cohort study performed in the ED of an urban Level I trauma center on patients who sustained blunt abdominal trauma. Following initial standard trauma evaluation, patients underwent a secondary ultrasound examination performed specifically to identify injury to the liver or spleen, followed by computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen. Ultrasound examinations were performed by emergency medicine residents or attending physicians experienced in the use of ultrasound for detecting hemoperitoneum. Ultrasonographers prospectively determined the presence or absence of liver or spleen injury. CT findings were used as the criterion standard to evaluate the ultrasound results.', 'From July 1998 through June 1999, 152 patients underwent secondary ultrasound examination and CT. Of the 152 patients, nine (6%) had liver injuries and 10 (7%) had spleen injuries. Ultrasound correctly detected only one of the liver injuries for a sensitivity of 11% (95% CI: 0%-48%) and a specificity of 98% (95% CI: 94%-100%). Ultrasound correctly detected eight spleen injuries for a sensitivity of 80% (95% CI: 44%-98%) and a specificity of 99% (95% CI: 95%-100%).\Question: Is emergency Department Ultrasound a Sensitive Detector of Solid Organ Injury?

A:
Emergency ultrasound is not sensitive or specific for detecting liver or spleen injuries following blunt abdominal trauma.
****