In this task, we ask you to rewrite a sentence in simple English without changing its general meaning. Essentially, you want to make the sentence easier to read by using simpler words, utilizing more straightforward sentence structures, and omitting non-essential information etc.

List of National Laboratories ( Japan ) are scientific research centers in Japan which are encompassed within the community served by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science ( JSPS ) .
List of National Laboratories ( Japan ) includes scientific research centers in Japan .

A doorstop ( also door stopper , door stop or door wedge ) is an object or device used to hold a door open or closed , or to prevent a door from opening too widely .
A doorstop ( or door stop or doorstopper ) is a tool .

The 1950s ( pronounced " nineteen-fifties " ; commonly abbreviated as the fifties ( among other variants ) ) was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1 , 1950 , and ended on December 31 , 1959 .

The 1950s was the decade that started on January 1 , 1950 , and ended on December 31 , 1959 .