instruction:
In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
question:
In one work, this thinker consults with a monk to better understand the concept of proximate power. This thinker divided hypotheses into three categories depending on what absurdities would be implied by accepting the hypothesis as true or false. This man participated in the Formulary Controversy with a series of letters in which he attacked Antonio Escobar's use of casuistry and lambasted the moral lapses of the Jesuits. After a carriage accident and a subsequent religious vision, he published his Memorial, which led to him taking up the cause of the Jansenists. He is the namesake of an idea that suggests that the belief in God represents the possibility of infinite gain while only imposing a finite loss. For 10 points, name this author of the Provincial Letters and Pensees, a French philosopher who is the namesake of a "wager" and a mathematical triangle.
answer:
Social Science


question:
One of this man's theories was supported by the discovery that Hittite contained forms in which distinct reflexes of the laryngeals are recorded, and he explained how the vowel alternations of a came about in his first work, Memoir on the Original System of Vowels in the Indo-European Languages. He is noted for his terms langue, or regularities and patterns in speech, and parole, or actual acts of speech. The work he is most famous for is often considered the foundation for structural linguistics, though Charles Bally and Albert Sechehaye actually published it. FTP name this Swiss linguist whose lecture notes and other materials were posthumously turned into the seminal Course in General Linguistics.
answer:
Social Science


question:
Karisini is an aspect of this deity associated with dung. This deity is associated with a white elephant named Sri-gaja, and the Atharva Veda describes two deities with this name, one good and one bad. According to the Puranas, this deity was the child of Brighu and Khyati, and the three fires are sometimes said to be the sons of this deity. When grouped with three similar deities, this figure is associated with the color red. The mount of this gold-skinned deity is the owl, and this figure can frequently be seen carrying a lotus flower. Avatars of this deity include Kamala, who was married to a dwarf, and Dharani, who was married to an ax-wielding figure. For ten points, name this Hindu goddess of good fortune who is the consort of Vishnu.
answer:

Social Science