In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

[Q]: indeed, this court has recognized that a party may make allegations on information and belief in the fraud context when ""(1) the facts constituting the fraud are not accessible to the plaintiff and (2) the plaintiff provides the grounds for his suspicions.""
[A]: non-overruling


[Q]: accordingly, we overrule davis insofar as it holds that the prosecution can never meet its burden of proving a valid waiver of miranda rights if it fails, without explanation, to call as corroborating witnesses all officers who witnessed the defendant's interrogation.
[A]: overruling


[Q]: therefore, we disapprove of hagar to the extent that it holds that the term 'charge' includes unilaterally placing on an account an amount due as interest without any other action.
[A]:
overruling