In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

[Q]: Context: Clinical use of doxorubicin is greatly limited by its severe cardiotoxic side effects. L-carnitine is a vitamin-like substance which has been successfully used in many cardiomyopathies, however, the intracellular mechanism(s) remain unclear. The objective of this study was set to evaluate the protective effect of L-carnitine on doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and to explore its intracellular mechanism(s).', "Primary cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated with doxorubicin (1 µM) with or without pretreatment with L-carnitine (1-30 mM). Lactate dehydrogenase assay, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labeling staining, and flow cytometry measurement were used to assess cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Fluorescent probes 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate and chemiluminescence assay of superoxide production were used to detect the production of reactive oxygen species. Western blotting was used to evaluate the quantity of cleaved caspase-3, cytosol cytochrome c, and Bcl-x(L) expression.", "L-carnitine inhibited doxorubicin-induced reactive oxygen species generation and NADPH oxidase activation, reduced the quantity of cleaved caspase-3 and cytosol cytochrome c, and increased Bcl-x(L) expression, resulting in protecting cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. In addition, L-carnitine was found to increase the prostacyclin (PGI(2)) generation in cardiomyocytes. The siRNA transfection for PGI(2) synthase significantly reduced L-carnitine-induced PGI(2) and L-carnitine's protective effect. Furthermore, blockade the potential PGI(2) receptors, including PGI(2) receptors (IP receptors), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and delta (PPARα and PPARδ), revealed that the siRNA-mediated blockage of PPARα considerably reduced the anti-apoptotic effect of L-carnitine.\Question: Does l-carnitine reduce doxorubicin-induced apoptosis through a prostacyclin-mediated pathway in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes?
[A]: These findings suggest that L-carnitine protects cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in part through PGI(2) and PPARα-signaling pathways, which may potentially protect the heart from the severe toxicity of doxorubicin.


[Q]: Context: To demonstrate the effect in vivo of the myocilin gene mutation Thr377Met on outflow facility of aqueous humor, as measured by tonography.', 'Forty-two members of a pedigree known to carry the Thr377Met mutation were examined for glaucoma, evaluated with tonography, and screened for myocilin mutations. Tonography was used to calculate the coefficient of aqueous outflow facility (C), as well as the ratio of the resting intraocular pressure to C (P(0)/C). Subjects were reexamined for glaucoma 5 years after tonography.', "Seven subjects were excluded because of previous treatment known to alter facility of aqueous outflow. The mean outflow facility of the eyes of the 12 subjects carrying the Thr377Met mutation was significantly reduced compared with the 23 non-carriers' eyes using both C (P<0.001) and P(0)/C (P<0.001). Reduced outflow facility was also demonstrated in those mutation carriers who were not yet expressing clinical signs of glaucoma or ocular hypertension when measured using C (P = 0.015) and P(0)/C (P = 0.001). After 5 years, progression towards glaucoma had occurred in 5 of the myocilin mutation-carriers, 2 of whom showed bilateral progression; 3 carriers remained completely normal. Four subjects had bilateral glaucoma at the outset and remained unchanged. The carriers' eyes that progressed towards glaucoma had reduced outflow facility compared with those that remained normal, although the difference was not statistically significant.\Question: Does tonography demonstrate reduced facility of outflow of aqueous humor in myocilin mutation carriers?
[A]: Carriers of the myocilin Thr377Met mutation have reduced outflow facility, which may be detected prior to developing glaucoma. Tonography was not seen to be clinically useful in predicting progression towards glaucoma.


[Q]: Context: The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to evaluate the effectiveness of a school-based physical activity intervention, Action Schools! BC (AS! BC), for maintaining academic performance in a multiethnic group of elementary children, and 2) to determine whether boys and girls' academic performance changed similarly after participation in AS! BC.", 'This was a 16-month cluster randomized controlled trial. Ten schools were randomized to intervention (INT) or usual practice (UP). One INT school administered the wrong final test, and one UP school graded their own test, so both were excluded. Thus, eight schools (six INT, two UP) were included in the final analysis. Children (143 boys, 144 girls) in grades 4 and 5 were recruited for the study. We used the Canadian Achievement Test (CAT-3) to evaluate academic performance (TotScore). Weekly teacher activity logs determined amounts of physical activity delivered by teachers to students. Physical activity was determined with the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C). Independent t-tests compared descriptive variables between groups and between boys and girls. We used a mixed linear model to evaluate differences in TotScore at follow-up between groups and between girls and boys.', 'Physical activity delivered by teachers to children in INT schools was increased by 47 min x wk(-1) (139 +/- 62 vs 92 +/- 45, P < 0.001). Participants attending UP schools had significantly higher baseline TotScores than those attending INT schools. Despite this, there was no significant difference in TotScore between groups at follow-up and between boys and girls at baseline and follow-up.\Question: Does school-based physical activity compromise children 's academic performance?
[A]:
The AS! BC model is an attractive and feasible intervention to increase physical activity for students while maintaining levels of academic performance.