In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

[EX Q]: Context: Globally, heterosexual intercourse is the primary route of HIV-1 (HIV) transmission. It follows that mechanisms that protect against HIV infection are likely operative at the genital mucosa. In HIV-resistant Kenyan sex workers who are highly exposed to HIV infection yet remain uninfected, protection correlates with HIV-specific immune responses and genetic factors. However, these factors do not entirely explain this model of natural immunity to HIV. We hypothesized that protection may be mediated by innate immune proteins in the genital tract of HIV-resistant sex workers.', 'The genital proteome of mucosal secretions from HIV-resistant women was examined using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Cervical lavage samples were collected from 315 HIV-resistant, HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected commercial sex workers.', 'Univariate analysis identified a 6 kDa biomarker of HIV resistance in genital secretions from these women. This protein was identified by tandem mass spectrometry as elafin and was found to be overexpressed in HIV-resistant women compared with HIV-uninfected (P = 0.001) and infected (P = 0.002) women. The elevated levels of elafin/trappin-2 in HIV-resistant women were confirmed using ELISA. The prospective association of elevated cervicovaginal elafin/trappin-2 levels with protection from HIV acquisition was then confirmed in an independent cohort of high-risk female sex workers.\Question: Does elevated elafin/trappin-2 in the female genital tract is associate with protection against HIV acquisition?
[EX A]: Using a unique proteomics approach in a large scale, cross-sectional cohort study, we identified elafin/trappin-2 as a novel innate immune factor, which is highly associated with resistance. This association was confirmed within an independent, prospective cohort study. Genital tract elafin/trappin-2 levels constitute a natural correlate of HIV protection in humans.

[EX Q]: Context: Oral tacrolimus, approved for the prophylaxis of organ rejection in liver or kidney transplants, has been reported to be effective in anecdotal cases of refractory inflammatory bowel disease.', 'To evaluate the usefulness of low-dose oral tacrolimus in refractory inflammatory bowel disease.', "Thirty-one adult Caucasian patients with steroid-dependent (n = 15) or steroid-refractory (n = 16) inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, n = 6; ulcerative colitis, n = 23; pouchitis, n = 2) were enrolled. Tacrolimus (0.1 mg/kg body weight per day) was administered orally in 30 patients and initially intravenously in one patient (0.01 mg/kg body weight per day), aiming for serum trough levels of 4-6 ng/mL. The median treatment duration was 12 months (range, 1-137 months).", "Twenty-eight patients (90.3%) experienced a clinical and laboratory response and 20 (64.5%) went into remission. One ulcerative colitis patient and two Crohn's disease patients did not improve. Three ulcerative colitis patients (9.7%) were colectomized at 1, 12 and 24 months after tacrolimus initiation. In 19 of 23 patients (82.6%) taking steroids, steroids were reduced or discontinued. Side-effects included a temporary rise of creatinine (n = 3, 9.7%), tremor or paraesthesias (n = 3, 9.7%), hyperkalaemia (n = 1, 3.2%), hypertension (n = 1, 3.2%) and an opportunistic infection (n = 1, 3.2%).\Question: Is rescue therapy with tacrolimus effective in patients with severe and refractory inflammatory bowel disease?
[EX A]: Oral tacrolimus is safe and effective in refractory inflammatory bowel disease.

[EX Q]: Context: Greater glycemic variability and lack of predictability are important issues for patients with type 1 diabetes. Dietary factors are one of the contributors to this variability, but how closely diet is linked to glycemic fluctuation on a daily basis has not been investigated. We examined the association between carbohydrate intake and glycemic excursion in outpatients.', 'A total of 33 patients with type 1 diabetes were included in the analyses (age 44.5\xa0±\xa014.7\xa0years, diabetes duration 15.1\xa0±\xa08.3\xa0years, 64% female, 30% using insulin pump, glycated hemoglobin 8.1\xa0±\xa01.3%). Time spent in euglycemia (70-180\xa0mg/dL), hyperglycemia (>180\xa0mg/dL) and hypoglycemia (<70\xa0mg/dL) of consecutive 48-h periods of continuous glucose monitoring data were collected together with simultaneous records of dietary intake, insulin dose and physical activity. Correlation analyses and multiple regression analyses were used to evaluate the contribution of carbohydrate intake to time spent in the target glycemic range.', 'In multiple regression analyses, carbohydrate intake (β\xa0=\xa00.53, P\xa0=\xa00.001), basal insulin dose per kg per day (β\xa0=\xa0-0.31, P\xa0=\xa00.034) and diabetes duration (β\xa0=\xa00.30, P\xa0=\xa00.042) were independent predictors of time spent in euglycemia. Carbohydrate intake (β\xa0=\xa0-0.51, P\xa0=\xa00.001) and insulin pump use (β\xa0=\xa0-0.34, P\xa0=\xa00.024) were independent predictors of time spent in hyperglycemia. Insulin pump use (β\xa0=\xa00.52, P\xa0<\xa00.001) and bolus insulin dose per kg per day (β\xa0=\xa00.46, P\xa0=\xa00.001) were independent predictors of time spent in hypoglycemia.\Question: Is carbohydrate intake associated with time spent in the euglycemic range in patients with type 1 diabetes?
[EX A]:
Carbohydrate intake is associated with time spent in euglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes.