In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision.  Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. You should write an incorrect option. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.

even if the 1993 judgment was final and appealable, they may challenge the merits of the 1993 judgment in this appeal from the 1995 order. This appeal is untimely only if the District Court’s 1993 decision — which ordered only that ISP submit a plan to remedy the constitutional flaws in its policy — was a final judgment, appealable to this Court under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We believe that the District Court’s 1993 order was no more final under § 1291 than the one at issue in Sherpell v. Humnoke School Dist., 814 F.2d 538 (8th Cir.1987), which held that a district court order to a school district to submit a plan to remedy an unconstitutional atmosphere of racial hostility was not an appealable final judgment. Id. at 539; see also Hendrickson v. Griggs, 856 F.2d 1041, 1044 (8th Cir.1988) (<HOLDING>). The November 1995 judgment is, therefore, the 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that an order of consolidation is interlocutory and not immediately appealable (B) holding that the modification or dissolution of an injunction in a limitation of liability proceeding is appealable as a matter of right under  1292a1 (C) holding an order denying a motion for summary judgment is interlocutory and not appealable (D) holding injunction ordering prison to submit plan for reformation of unconstitutional prison conditions not appealable as interlocutory order under 28 usc  1292a1 (E) holding that a rehearing order is interlocutory and not appealable
holding that an order of consolidation is interlocutory and not immediately appealable

rights by initiating criminal proceedings against Mr. Pitt without probable cause. After trial, the district court granted judgment as a matter of law to the defendants on these claims. The court held that it is not “clearly established” that malicious prosecution is a violation of constitutional rights, and. thus the defendants are entitled to qualified immunity. We affirm. Section 1983 creates a cause of action to remedy certain deprivations of federal rights, but it is not a source of substantive rights. See Baker v. McCollan, 443 U.S. 137, 144 n. 3, 99 S.Ct. 2689, 61 L.Ed.2d 433 (1979) (noting that “[section 1983] is not itself a source of substantive rights, but a method for vindicating federal rights elsewhere conferred by those parts of the United State 16 (2d Cir.1995) (<HOLDING>); Gallo v. City of Philadelphia, 161 F.3d 217, 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that there is no substantive due process right under the fourteenth amendment to be free from malicious prosecution (B) holding that the fourth amendment right implicated in a malicious prosecution action is the right to be free of unreasonable seizure of the person (C) holding sbm is not a violation of the defendants fourth amendment right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures (D) holding that there is no fourteenth amendment substantive due process right to be free from malicious prosecution and suggesting that such a cause of action might lie under the fourth amendment (E) recognizing that an alleged deprivation of the right to be free from prosecution without probable cause might be judged under the fourth amendment
holding that there is no substantive due process right under the fourteenth amendment to be free from malicious prosecution

prepared prior to that date, completed by Dr. Miller on March 11, 2004, stated plaintiff should not “lift, sit, [or] stand for any length of time,” and described plaintiffs prognosis as “poor to guarded,” (BA 266), that form was completed nine months prior to the FCE and over 16 months prior to the termination of plaintiffs LTD benefits. The September 19, 2005 note from Dr. Miller, received after defendant terminated plaintiffs benefits, (BA 19), provides no information about Dr. Miller’s then current relationship with plaintiff, if any, or the basis for his opinion. A plan administrator need not accord special deference to conclusory medical opinions even if offered by a treating physician. See Jordan, 370 F.3d at 875; see also Magallanes v. Bowen, 881 F.2d 747, 751 (9th Cir.1989) (<HOLDING>) (internal quotation and citation omitted). 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that use of social security benefits satisfied child support obligation (B) holding that the weight given to a treating physicians opinion is limited if the opinion consists only of conclusory statements (C) holding that the weight given a treating physicians opinion is limited if the opinion consists only of conclusory statements (D) holding in context of application for social security benefits factfinder need not accept a treating physicians opinion which is brief and conclusory in form with little in the way of clinical findings to support its conclusion (E) holding that a treating physicians opinion may be rejected if it is brief conclusory and unsupported by medical evidence

holding that use of social security benefits satisfied child support obligation