In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

[EX Q]: It exists because of electron degeneracy pressure; as electrons are compressed closer together, more exist per unit volume and must take on higher energy levels as mandated by the Pauli-exclusion principle. A relativistic state equation can be used to calculate it as the radius of a white dwarf decreases with an increase in its mass. Developed shortly before its namesakes theory on black holes, for ten points, name this value of about 1.4 solar masses, the maximum mass of a star which can be supported against gravitational collapse.
[EX A]: Science

[EX Q]: The Hilbert Basis Theorem guarantees that if one of these is Noetherian, then the polynomials over it are also Noetherian. While the existence of a multiplicative unit in one of these isnt guaranteed by the axioms, most authors assume its presence. These can form quotients with special subsets known as ideals, and commutative ones with no zero divisors are known as integral domains. Formally an abelian group over addition and a monoid over multiplication, this describes, for ten points, what algebraic structure exemplified by the integers
[EX A]: Science

[EX Q]: The Nessler method uses tetraiodomercuriate(II) to determine the amount of this compound present in solution, and a solution of this compound is used as a standard stress corrosion agent for copper and its alloys. Reacting mineralized organic compounds with hot concentrated sulfuric acid, when followed by placing the products in alkaline solution, yields this compound via the (*) Kjeldahl method. Kuhlmann proposed the "status nascendi" theory of this compound's formation, and an accidental explosion prevented Le Chatelier from performing high-pressure synthesis of this compound. This compound reacts with alkyl halides to produce primary amines, and it is produced industrially by the Haber-Bosch process. For 10 points, name this compound with formula NH3, which you probably don't want to be mixing with bleach.
[EX A]:
Science