Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Q: Microvascular alterations contribute to the development of stroke and vascular dementia. The goal of this study was to evaluate age and hypertension related changes of the basal lamina in cerebral microvessels of individuals, who died from non-cerebral causes.', 'We examined 27 human brains: 11 young and 16 old patients. Old patients were divided into two subgroups, those with hypertension (n = 8) and those without hypertension (n = 8). Basal lamina changes of the cerebral microvessels were determined in the putamen using antibodies against collagen type IV and by quantitative analysis of vessel number, total stained area of collagen, thickness of the vessel wall and lumen, and relative staining intensity using immunofluorescence. The total number of collagen positive vessels per microscopic field was reduced in old compared to young subjects (12.0+/-0.6 vs. 15.1+/-1.2, p = 0.02). The relative collagen content per vessel (1.01+/-0.06 vs. 0.76+/-0.05, p = 0.01) and the relative collagen intensity (233.1+/-4.5 vs. 167.8+/-10.6, p < 0.0001) shown by immunofluorescence were higher in the older compared to the younger patients with a consecutive reduction of the lumen / wall ratio (1.29+/-0.05 vs. 3.29+/-0.15, p < 0.0001). No differences were observed for these parameters between old hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients.

A: 0
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Q: Studies on the safety of aprotinin in coronary artery surgery have given conflicting results. Therefore, we studied the possible link between perioperative aprotinin treatment and renal dysfunction in patients undergoing first-time coronary surgery with a high risk of bleeding.', 'We performed a matched cohort study, comparing 200 patients receiving high-dose aprotinin with 200 patients receiving tranexamic acid during primary isolated coronary surgery. Patients were matched according to age, sex, and presence of acute coronary syndrome. Primary outcome was fractional change in creatinine clearance. Secondary outcomes were other evaluations of postoperative renal function, mortality, stroke, reoperation for bleeding, and transfusion requirements.', 'The groups were similar in baseline characteristics except that triple-vessel disease and history of myocardial infarction were more prevalent in the aprotinin group. No significant differences were found in fractional change in creatinine clearance (-11% versus -12%, medians, p = 0.75) or any other assessments of postoperative renal function between the tranexamic acid and the aprotinin group. Adverse event rates were similar: early mortality (3.5% versus 4.5%, p = 0.80), stroke (1.5% versus 2%, p = 1.0), reoperation for bleeding (3.5% versus 2.5%, p = 0.77), and 5-year survival (87% versus 84%, p = 0.17). Patients in the aprotinin group received fewer transfusions (48% versus 60.5%, p = 0.02), fewer units of packed red blood cells (2.0 versus 1.4, p = 0.02) and plasma (1.3 versus 0.5, p < 0.001), but more units of platelets (0.1 versus 0.2, p = 0.02).

A: 0
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Q: There is a growing appreciation of the role that nasal mucosa plays in innate immunity. In this study, the expression of pattern recognition receptors known as toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the effector molecules complement factor 3 (C3), properdin, and serum amyloid A (SAA) were examined in human sinonasal mucosa obtained from control subjects and patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).', 'Sinonasal mucosal specimens were obtained from 20 patients with CRS and 5 control subjects. Messenger RNA (mRNA) was isolated and tested using Taqman real-time polymerase chain reaction with primer and probe sets for C3, complement factor P, and SAA. Standard polymerase chain reaction was performed for the 10 known TLRs. Immunohistochemistry was performed on the microscopic sections using antibodies against C3.', 'Analysis of the sinonasal sample mRNA revealed expression of all 10 TLRs in both CRS samples and in control specimens. Expression of the three effector proteins was detected also, with the levels of mRNA for C3 generally greater than SAA and properdin in CRS patients. No significant differences were found in TLR or innate immune protein expression in normal controls. Immunohistochemical analysis of sinonasal mucosal specimens established C3 staining ranging from 20 to 85% of the epithelium present.

A:
0
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