Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Ex Input:
ID4 gene is a member of the inhibitor of DNA binding (ID) family proteins that inhibit DNA binding of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors. The epigenetic inactivation of ID4 gene on colorectal cancer (CRC) development and its clinical significance was assessed.', 'In CRC cell lines, ID4 methylation status of the promoter region was assessed by methylation-specific PCR and bisulfite sequencing. The mRNA expression level was assessed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR. The methylation status of 9 normal epithelia, 13 adenomas, 92 primary CRCs, and 26 liver metastases was assessed by methylation-specific PCR. ID4 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry analysis of tissue specimen.', 'CRC cell lines were shown to be hypermethylated, and mRNA expression was suppressed and could be restored by 5-aza-cytidine treatment. In clinical specimens from normal epithelia, adenomas, primary CRCs, and liver metastases, the frequency of ID4 hypermethylation was 0 of 9 (0%), 0 of 13 (0%), 49 of 92 (53%), and 19 of 26 (73%), respectively, with a significant elevation according to CRC pathological progression. Methylation status of primary CRCs significantly correlated with histopathological tumor grade (P = 0.028). Immunohistochemistry analysis showed ID4 expression of normal colon epithelia, adenomas, and unmethylated primary CRCs but not hypermethylated CRC specimens. Among 76 American Joint Committee on Cancer stage I to IV patients who had undergone curative surgical resection, overall survival was significantly poorer in patients with hypermethylated ID4 bearing tumors (P = 0.0066).

Ex Output:
Does epigenetic inactivation of ID4 in colorectal carcinomas correlate with poor differentiation and unfavorable prognosis?


Ex Input:
To assess the therapeutic effects of flexible magnets on pain perception, intramuscular swelling, range of motion, and muscular strength in individuals with a muscle microinjury.', 'This experiment was a single-blind, placebo study using a repeated-measures design. Subjects performed an intense exercise protocol to induce a muscle microinjury. After pretreatment measurements were recorded, subjects were randomly assigned to an experimental (magnet), placebo (imitation magnet), or control (no magnet) group. Posttreatment measurements were repeated at 24, 48, and 72 hours.', 'Forty-five healthy subjects participated in the study.', 'Subjects were measured repeatedly for pain perception, upper arm girth, range of motion, and static force production. Four separate univariate analyses of variances were used to reveal statistically significant mean (+/-SD) differences between variables over time. Interaction effects were analyzed using Scheffe post hoc analysis.', 'Analysis of variance revealed no statistically significant (P > .05) mean differences between conditions for any dependent pretreatment and posttreatment measurements. No significant interaction effects were demonstrated between conditions and times.

Ex Output:
Are flexible magnets effective in decreasing pain perception and recovery time after muscle microinjury?


Ex Input:
Sit-to-stand tasks are commonly facilitated by modifying the initial position of the center of mass relative to the feet. It was hypothesized that modifications in the center of mass trajectory during sit-to-stand tasks altered the total body momentum at seat departure and redistributed the lower extremity net joint moments.', 'Between-task within-subject comparison was employed using a robust statistical method to accommodate for small sample size.', 'Six individuals performed four sit-to-stand tasks with systematic modifications in the initial center of mass position by varying the orientation of the lower extremity segments. The momentum of the center of mass and lower extremity net joint moments were quantified and compared.', 'Reducing the horizontal center of mass displacement significantly reduced horizontal total body momentum required at seat departure. Sit-to-stand tasks initiated with more horizontal shank and thigh positions required significantly greater knee and hip extensor net joint moments than those with more vertical shank and thigh positions. Sit-to-stand tasks initiated with vertical shank positions also required significantly greater hip extensor net joint moments as compared to those with more horizontal shank orientations.

Ex Output:

Does modifying center of mass trajectory during sit-to-stand tasks redistribute the mechanical demand across the lower extremity joints?