In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

[Q]: ramirez has shown that reasonable jurists would debate whether the district court erred in dismissing his  2255 motion without prejudice as premature based on a finding that he had a pending direct appeal.
[A]: non-overruling


[Q]: however, we now specifically overrule the holdings in the case of city of kingfisher v. altizer, 13 okla. 121, 74 p. 107, and other cases of similar import of effect that plaintiff in an action for personal injury need not in any case submit to a physical examination.
[A]: overruling


[Q]: we have reconsidered the rule of those cases in light of our decisions in law and adams, and we today overrule those cases to the extent that they allow parole revocation to be made effective upon the completion of a sentence imposed for an offense while the prisoner was on parole, or to be made effective in futuro upon similar future occurrence or condition.
[A]:
overruling