TASK DEFINITION: You will be given a trivia clue, and the category it belongs to. You should answer with the best answer that belongs in the category and is described by the clue. For simplicity, answers should be in all lower cased letters.
PROBLEM: Category: GOVERNMENT 
Clue: Under Medicare most Americans this age & over pay a 15% surtax to cover catastrophic illness

SOLUTION: 65

PROBLEM: Category: GEOLOGISTS 
Clue: In 1957 Sir Vivian Fuchs led the first crossing of this continent; it took 99 days

SOLUTION: antarctica

PROBLEM: Category: FROM THE NECK UP 
Clue: The soft one of these is pressed upward during swallowing so you don't get food in your nose

SOLUTION:
a palate