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SECTION 1. AMENDMENT AND EXTENSION OF IRISH PEACE PROCESS CULTURAL AND 
              TRAINING PROGRAM.

    (a) Irish Peace Process Cultural and Training Program Act.--
        (1) Program participant requirements.--Section 2(a) of the 
    Irish Peace Process Cultural and Training Program Act of 1998 (8 
    U.S.C. 1101 note) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(5) Program participant requirements.--An alien entering the 
    United States as a participant in the program shall satisfy the 
    following requirements:
            ``(A) The alien shall be a citizen of the United Kingdom or 
        the Republic of Ireland.
            ``(B) The alien shall be between 21 and 35 years of age on 
        the date of departure for the United States.
            ``(C) The alien shall have resided continuously in a 
        designated county for not less than 18 months before such date.
            ``(D) The alien shall have been continuously unemployed for 
        not less than 12 months before such date.
            ``(E) The alien may not have a degree from an institution 
        of higher education.''.
        (2) Extension of program.--Section 2 of the Irish Peace Process 
    Cultural and Training Program Act of 1998 (8 U.S.C. 1101 note) is 
    amended--
            (A) in subsection (a)(3), by striking ``the third program 
        year and for the 4 subsequent years,'' and inserting ``each 
        program year,''; and
            (B) by amending subsection (d) to read as follows:
    ``(d) Sunset.--
        ``(1) Effective October 1, 2008, the Irish Peace Process 
    Cultural and Training Program Act of 1998 is repealed.
        ``(2) Effective October 1, 2008, section 101(a)(15)(Q) of the 
    Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(Q)) is 
    amended--
            ``(A) by striking `or' at the end of clause (i);
            ``(B) by striking `(i)' after `(Q)'; and
            ``(C) by striking clause (ii).''.
        (3) Cost-sharing.--Section 2 of the Irish Peace Process 
    Cultural and Training Program Act of 1998 (8 U.S.C. 1101 note), as 
    amended by paragraph (2), is further amended--
            (A) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections 
        (d) and (e), respectively; and
            (B) by inserting after subsection (b), the following new 
        subsection:
    ``(c) Cost-sharing.--The Secretary of State shall verify that the 
United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland continue to pay a reasonable 
share of the costs of the administration of the cultural and training 
programs carried out pursuant to this Act.''.
        (4) Technical amendments.--The Irish Peace Process Cultural and 
    Training Program Act of 1998 (8 U.S.C. 1101 note) is amended--
            (A) by striking ``Attorney General'' each place such term 
        appears and inserting ``Secretary of Homeland Security''; and
            (B) by striking ``Immigration and Naturalization Service'' 
        each place such term appears and inserting ``Department of 
        Homeland Security''.
    (b) Immigration and Nationality Act.--
        (1) Requirements for nonimmigrant status.--Section 
    101(a)(15)(Q) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
    1101(a)(15)(Q)) is amended--
            (A) by striking ``Attorney General'' each place such term 
        appears and inserting ``Secretary of Homeland Security''; and
            (B) in clause (ii)(I)--
                (i) by striking ``35 years of age or younger having a 
            residence'' and inserting ``citizen of the United Kingdom 
            or the Republic of Ireland, 21 to 35 years of age, 
            unemployed for not less than 12 months, and having a 
            residence for not less than 18 months''; and
                (ii) by striking ``36 months)'' and inserting ``24 
            months)''.
        (2) Foreign residence requirement.--Section 212 of the 
    Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182) is amended--
            (A) by redesignating the subsection (p) as added by section 
        1505(f) of Public Law 106-386 (114 Stat. 1526) as subsection 
        (s); and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(t)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), no person admitted 
under section 101(a)(15)(Q)(ii)(I), or acquiring such status after 
admission, shall be eligible to apply for nonimmigrant status, an 
immigrant visa, or permanent residence under this Act until it is 
established that such person has resided and been physically present in 
the person's country of nationality or last residence for an aggregate 
of at least 2 years following departure from the United States.
    ``(2) The Secretary of Homeland Security may waive the requirement 
of such 2-year foreign residence abroad if the Secretary determines 
that--
        ``(A) departure from the United States would impose exceptional 
    hardship upon the alien's spouse or child (if such spouse or child 
    is a citizen of the United States or an alien lawfully admitted for 
    permanent residence); or
        ``(B) the admission of the alien is in the public interest or 
    the national interest of the United States.''.

                               Speaker of the House of Representatives.

                            Vice President of the United States and    
                                               President of the Senate.
Amends the Irish Peace Process Cultural and Training Program Act of 1998 (IPPCTPA) and the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) to revise the nonimmigrant alien eligibility qualifications for participants in the Irish Peace Process Cultural and Training Program. Sets a minimum age of 21 (retaining the current age 35 maximum) and requires that the individual: (1) be a citizen of the United Kingdom or the Republic of Ireland; (2) have been unemployed continuously for at least 12 months; (3) have resided continuously for at least 18 months in Northern Ireland or one of designated border counties of the Republic of Ireland; and (4) not have a degree from an institution of higher education.

Requires the Department of Homeland Security to report to Congress each program year (currently, the third program year and the four subsequent years) on the number of aliens admitted under the program who have overstayed their visas.

Extends the authority of the IPPCTPA through FY 2008.

Requires the Secretary of State to verify that the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland continue to pay a reasonable share of costs for administration of IPPCTPA programs.

Amends the INA to reduce from 36 to 24 months the temporary period of the visit to the United States for participation in the program.

Denies any such person eligibility to apply for nonimmigrant status, an immigrant visa, or permanent residence until he or she has resided and been physically present in the country of nationality or last residence for an aggregate of a least two years following departure from the United States. Authorizes the Secretary of Homeland Security to waive this requirement if: (1) departure from the United States would impose exceptional hardship upon the alien's spouse or child (if such spouse or child is a U.S. citizen or a lawfully resident alien); or (2) the admission of the alien is in the U.S. public or national interest.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Drug Trafficking Vessel Interdiction 
Act of 2008''.

                     TITLE I--CRIMINAL PROHIBITION

SEC. 101. FINDINGS AND DECLARATIONS.

    Congress finds and declares that operating or embarking in a 
submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel without nationality and 
on an international voyage is a serious international problem, 
facilitates transnational crime, including drug trafficking, and 
terrorism, and presents a specific threat to the safety of maritime 
navigation and the security of the United States.

SEC. 102. OPERATION OF SUBMERSIBLE VESSEL OR SEMI-SUBMERSIBLE VESSEL 
              WITHOUT NATIONALITY.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 111 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following new section:
``Sec. 2285. Operation of submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel 
              without nationality
    ``(a) Offense.--Whoever knowingly operates, or attempts or 
conspires to operate, by any means, or embarks in any submersible 
vessel or semi-submersible vessel that is without nationality and that 
is navigating or has navigated into, through, or from waters beyond the 
outer limit of the territorial sea of a single country or a lateral 
limit of that country's territorial sea with an adjacent country, with 
the intent to evade detection, shall be fined under this title, 
imprisoned not more than 15 years, or both.
    ``(b) Evidence of Intent To Evade Detection.--For purposes of 
subsection (a), the presence of any of the indicia described in 
paragraph (1)(A), (E), (F), or (G), or in paragraph (4), (5), or (6), 
of section 70507(b) of title 46 may be considered, in the totality of 
the circumstances, to be prima facie evidence of intent to evade 
detection.
    ``(c) Extraterritorial Jurisdiction.--There is extraterritorial 
Federal jurisdiction over an offense under this section, including an 
attempt or conspiracy to commit such an offense.
    ``(d) Claim of Nationality or Registry.--A claim of nationality or 
registry under this section includes only--
            ``(1) possession on board the vessel and production of 
        documents evidencing the vessel's nationality as provided in 
        article 5 of the 1958 Convention on the High Seas;
            ``(2) flying its nation's ensign or flag; or
            ``(3) a verbal claim of nationality or registry by the 
        master or individual in charge of the vessel.
    ``(e) Affirmative Defenses.--
            ``(1) In general.--It is an affirmative defense to a 
        prosecution for a violation of subsection (a), which the 
        defendant has the burden to prove by a preponderance of the 
        evidence, that the submersible vessel or semi-submersible 
        vessel involved was, at the time of the offense--
                    ``(A) a vessel of the United States or lawfully 
                registered in a foreign nation as claimed by the master 
                or individual in charge of the vessel when requested to 
                make a claim by an officer of the United States 
                authorized to enforce applicable provisions of United 
                States law;
                    ``(B) classed by and designed in accordance with 
                the rules of a classification society;
                    ``(C) lawfully operated in government-regulated or 
                licensed activity, including commerce, research, or 
                exploration; or
                    ``(D) equipped with and using an operable automatic 
                identification system, vessel monitoring system, or 
                long range identification and tracking system.
            ``(2) Production of documents.--The affirmative defenses 
        provided by this subsection are proved conclusively by the 
        production of--
                    ``(A) government documents evidencing the vessel's 
                nationality at the time of the offense, as provided in 
                article 5 of the 1958 Convention on the High Seas;
                    ``(B) a certificate of classification issued by the 
                vessel's classification society upon completion of 
                relevant classification surveys and valid at the time 
                of the offense; or
                    ``(C) government documents evidencing licensure, 
                regulation, or registration for commerce, research, or 
                exploration.
    ``(f) Federal Activities Excepted.--Nothing in this section applies 
to lawfully authorized activities carried out by or at the direction of 
the United States Government.
    ``(g) Applicability of Other Provisions.--Sections 70504 and 70505 
of title 46 apply to offenses under this section in the same manner as 
they apply to offenses under section 70503 of such title.
    ``(h) Definitions.--In this section, the terms `submersible 
vessel', `semi-submersible vessel', `vessel of the United States', and 
`vessel without nationality' have the meaning given those terms in 
section 70502 of title 46.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The chapter analysis for chapter 111 of 
title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item 
relating to section 2284 the following:

``2285. Operation of submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel 
                            without nationality.''.

SEC. 103. SENTENCING GUIDELINES.

    (a) In General.--Pursuant to its authority under section 994(p) of 
title 28, United States Code, and in accordance with this section, the 
United States Sentencing Commission shall promulgate sentencing 
guidelines (including policy statements) or amend existing sentencing 
guidelines (including policy statements) to provide adequate penalties 
for persons convicted of knowingly operating by any means or embarking 
in any submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel in violation of 
section 2285 of title 18, United States Code.
    (b) Requirements.--In carrying out this section, the United States 
Sentencing Commission shall--
            (1) ensure that the sentencing guidelines and policy 
        statements reflect the serious nature of the offense described 
        in section 2285 of title 18, United States Code, and the need 
        for deterrence to prevent such offenses;
            (2) account for any aggravating or mitigating circumstances 
        that might justify exceptions, including--
                    (A) the use of a submersible vessel or semi-
                submersible vessel described in section 2285 of title 
                18, United States Code, to facilitate other felonies;
                    (B) the repeated use of a submersible vessel or 
                semi-submersible vessel described in section 2285 of 
                title 18, United States Code, to facilitate other 
                felonies, including whether such use is part of an 
                ongoing criminal organization or enterprise;
                    (C) whether the use of such a vessel involves a 
                pattern of continued and flagrant violations of section 
                2285 of title 18, United States Code;
                    (D) whether the persons operating or embarking in a 
                submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel willfully 
                caused, attempted to cause, or permitted the 
                destruction or damage of such vessel or failed to heave 
                to when directed by law enforcement officers; and
                    (E) circumstances for which the sentencing 
                guidelines (and policy statements) provide sentencing 
                enhancements;
            (3) ensure reasonable consistency with other relevant 
        directives, other sentencing guidelines and policy statements, 
        and statutory provisions;
            (4) make any necessary and conforming changes to the 
        sentencing guidelines and policy statements; and
            (5) ensure that the sentencing guidelines and policy 
        statements adequately meet the purposes of sentencing set forth 
        in section 3553(a)(2) of title 18, United States Code.

                      TITLE II--CIVIL PROHIBITION

SEC. 201. OPERATION OF SUBMERSIBLE VESSEL OR SEMI-SUBMERSIBLE VESSEL 
              WITHOUT NATIONALITY.

    (a) Finding and Declaration.--Section 70501 of title 46, United 
States Code, is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``(1)'' after ``that''; and
            (2) by striking ``States.'' and inserting ``States and (2) 
        operating or embarking in a submersible vessel or semi-
        submersible vessel without nationality and on an international 
        voyage is a serious international problem, facilitates 
        transnational crime, including drug trafficking, and terrorism, 
        and presents a specific threat to the safety of maritime 
        navigation and the security of the United States.''.

SEC. 202. OPERATION PROHIBITED.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 705 of title 46, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end thereof the following:
``Sec. 70508. Operation of submersible vessel or semi-submersible 
              vessel without nationality
    ``(a) In General.--An individual may not operate by any means or 
embark in any submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel that is 
without nationality and that is navigating or has navigated into, 
through, or from waters beyond the outer limit of the territorial sea 
of a single country or a lateral limit of that country's territorial 
sea with an adjacent country, with the intent to evade detection
    ``(b) Evidence of Intent To Evade Detection.--In any civil 
enforcement proceeding for a violation of subsection (a), the presence 
of any of the indicia described in paragraph (1)(A), (E), (F), or (G), 
or in paragraph (4), (5), or (6), of section 70507(b) may be 
considered, in the totality of the circumstances, to be prima facie 
evidence of intent to evade detection.
    ``(c) Defenses.--
            ``(1) In general.--It is a defense in any civil enforcement 
        proceeding for a violation of subsection (a) that the 
        submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel involved was, at 
        the time of the violation--
                    ``(A) a vessel of the United States or lawfully 
                registered in a foreign nation as claimed by the master 
                or individual in charge of the vessel when requested to 
                make a claim by an officer of the United States 
                authorized to enforce applicable provisions of United 
                States law;
                    ``(B) classed by and designed in accordance with 
                the rules of a classification society;
                    ``(C) lawfully operated in government-regulated or 
                licensed activity, including commerce, research, or 
                exploration; or
                    ``(D) equipped with and using an operable automatic 
                identification system, vessel monitoring system, or 
                long range identification and tracking system.
            ``(2) Production of documents.--The defenses provided by 
        this subsection are proved conclusively by the production of--
                    ``(A) government documents evidencing the vessel's 
                nationality at the time of the offense, as provided in 
                article 5 of the 1958 Convention on the High Seas;
                    ``(B) a certificate of classification issued by the 
                vessel's classification society upon completion of 
                relevant classification surveys and valid at the time 
                of the offense; or
                    ``(C) government documents evidencing licensure, 
                regulation, or registration for research or 
                exploration.
    ``(d) Civil Penalty.--A person violating this section shall be 
liable to the United States for a civil penalty of not more than 
$1,000,000.''
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) The chapter analysis for chapter 705 of title 46, 
        United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item 
        relating to section 70507 the following:

``70508. Operation of submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel 
                            without nationality.''.
            (2) Section 70504(b) of title 46, United States Code, is 
        amended by inserting ``or 70508'' after ``70503''.
            (3) Section 70505 of title 46, United States Code, is 
        amended by striking ``this title'' and inserting ``this title, 
        or against whom a civil enforcement proceeding is brought under 
        section 70508,''.

SEC. 203. SUBMERSIBLE VESSEL AND SEMI-SUBMERSIBLE VESSEL DEFINED.

    Section 70502 of title 46, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end thereof the following:
    ``(f) Semi-Submersible Vessel; Submersible Vessel.--In this 
chapter:
            ``(1) Semi-submersible vessel.--The term `semi-submersible 
        vessel' means any watercraft constructed or adapted to be 
        capable of operating with most of its hull and bulk under the 
        surface of the water, including both manned and unmanned 
        watercraft.
            ``(2) Submersible vessel.--The term `submersible vessel' 
        means a vessel that is capable of operating completely below 
        the surface of the water, including both manned and unmanned 
        watercraft.''.
Drug Trafficking Vessel Interdiction Act of 2008 - Amends the federal criminal code to impose a fine and/or prison term of up to 15 years for knowingly operating or attempting or conspiring to operate by any means, or for embarking in, any submersible or semi-submersible vessel that is without nationality and that is navigating or has navigated into, through, or from waters beyond the outer limit of the territorial sea of a single country or a lateral limit of that country's territorial sea with an adjacent country, with the intent to avoid detection. Imposes an additional civil fine of up to $1 million for violations.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Boutique Fuels Reduction Act of 
2005''.

SEC. 2. TEMPORARY WAIVERS DURING SUPPLY EMERGENCIES.

    Section 211(c)(4)(C) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7545(c)(4)(C)) 
is amended by inserting ``(i)'' after ``(C)'' and by adding the 
following new clauses at the end thereof:
    ``(ii) The Administrator may temporarily waive a control or 
prohibition respecting the use of a fuel or fuel additive required or 
regulated by the Administrator pursuant to subsection (c), (h), (i), 
(k), or (m) of this section or prescribed in an applicable 
implementation plan under section 110 approved by the Administrator 
under clause (i) of this subparagraph if, after consultation with, and 
concurrence by, the Secretary of Energy, the Administrator determines 
that--
            ``(I) extreme and unusual fuel or fuel additive supply 
        circumstances exist in a State or region of the Nation which 
        prevent the distribution of an adequate supply of the fuel or 
        fuel additive to consumers;
            ``(II) such extreme and unusual fuel and fuel additive 
        supply circumstances are the result of a natural disaster, an 
        Act of God, a pipeline or refinery equipment failure, or 
        another event that could not reasonably have been foreseen or 
        prevented and not the lack of prudent planning on the part of 
        the suppliers of the fuel or fuel additive to such State or 
        region; and
            ``(III) it is in the public interest to grant the waiver 
        (for example, when a waiver is necessary to meet projected 
        temporary shortfalls in the supply of the fuel or fuel additive 
        in a State or region of the Nation which cannot otherwise be 
        compensated for).
    ``(iii) If the Administrator makes the determinations required 
under clause (ii), such a temporary extreme and unusual fuel and fuel 
additive supply circumstances waiver shall be permitted only if--
            ``(I) the waiver applies to the smallest geographic area 
        necessary to address the extreme and unusual fuel and fuel 
        additive supply circumstances;
            ``(II) the waiver is effective for a period of 20 calendar 
        days or, if the Administrator determines that a shorter waiver 
        period is adequate, for the shortest practicable time period 
        necessary to permit the correction of the extreme and unusual 
        fuel and fuel additive supply circumstances and to mitigate 
        impact on air quality;
            ``(III) the waiver permits a transitional period, the exact 
        duration of which shall be determined by the Administrator, 
        after the termination of the temporary waiver to permit 
        wholesalers and retailers to blend down their wholesale and 
        retail inventory;
            ``(IV) the waiver applies to all persons in the motor fuel 
        distribution system; and
            ``(V) the Administrator has given public notice to all 
        parties in the motor fuel distribution system, local and State 
        regulators, public interest groups, and consumers in the State 
        or region to be covered by the waiver.
The term `motor fuel distribution system' as used in this clause shall 
be defined by the Administrator through rulemaking.
    ``(iv) Within 180 days of the date of the enactment of the Boutique 
Fuels Reduction Act of 2005, the Administrator shall promulgate 
regulations to implement clauses (ii) and (iii).
    ``(v) Nothing in this Act shall--
            ``(I) limit or otherwise affect the application of any 
        other waiver authority of the Administrator pursuant to this 
        section or pursuant to a regulation promulgated pursuant to 
        this section; and
            ``(II) subject any State or person to an enforcement 
        action, penalties, or liability solely arising from actions 
        taken pursuant to the issuance of a waiver under this 
        subparagraph.''.

SEC. 3. CAP ON NUMBER OF BOUTIQUE FUELS.

    Section 211(c)(4)(C) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7545(c)(4)), 
as amended by section 2, is further amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``(vi)(I) The Administrator shall have no authority, when 
considering a State implementation plan or a State implementation plan 
revision under this subparagraph, to approve any fuel if the effect of 
such approval would be to increase the total number of fuels approved 
and fully implemented as of September 1, 2004 in all State 
implementation plans.
    ``(II) Except for a fuel with a summertime Reid Vapor Pressure of 
7.0 pounds per square inch, the Administrator shall have no authority, 
when considering any particular State's implementation plan or a 
revision to that State's implementation plan under this subparagraph, 
to approve any fuel unless that fuel was, as of the date of such 
consideration, approved and fully implemented in at least 1 State 
implementation plan in the applicable Petroleum Administration for 
Defense District. The preceding sentence shall not limit the 
Administrator's authority to approve any new fuel in any such plan or 
plan revision if such new fuel replaces an existing fuel without 
increasing the total number of fuels approved and fully implemented as 
of September 1, 2004 in all State implementation plans.
    ``(III) Nothing in this clause shall be construed to prohibit a 
State from requiring the use of any fuel additive registered in 
accordance with subsection (b), including any fuel additive registered 
in accordance with subsection (b) after the enactment of this 
subclause.''.

SEC. 4. STUDY AND REPORT TO CONGRESS ON BOUTIQUE FUELS.

    (a) Joint Study.--The Administrator and the Secretary shall 
undertake a study of the effects on air quality, on the number of fuel 
blends, on fuel availability, on fuel fungibility, and on fuel costs of 
the State plan provisions adopted pursuant to section 211(c)(4)(C) of 
the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7545(c)(4)(C)).
    (b) Focus of Study.--The primary focus of the study required under 
(a) shall be to determine how to develop a Federal fuels system that 
maximizes motor fuel fungibility and supply, preserves air quality 
standards, and reduces motor fuel price volatility that results from 
the proliferation of boutique fuels, and to recommend to Congress such 
legislative changes as are necessary to implement such a system. In 
addition, the study shall examine the need for additional, cleaner 
motor fuel reformulations to assist states in complying with the ozone 
National Ambient Air Quality Standard.
    (c) Study Areas of Responsibility.--In carrying out the study 
required by this section, the Administrator shall coordinate obtaining 
comments from affected parties interested in the air quality impact 
assessment portion of the study, and the Secretary shall coordinate 
obtaining comments from affected parties interested in the fuel 
availability, number of fuel blends, fuel fungibility and fuel costs 
portion of the study.
    (d) Public Participation.--The Administrator and the Secretary 
shall appoint a task force of interested parties, including but not 
limited to representatives of Federal, State and local governments, 
fuel manufacturers and suppliers and public interest groups, to provide 
information to the Administrator and the Secretary and to assist in the 
development of the recommendations to be included in the report to 
Congress under (e).
    (e) Report to Congress.--The Administrator and the Secretary 
jointly shall submit the results of the study required by this section 
in a report to the Congress not later than 12 months after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, together with any recommended regulatory and 
legislative changes. Such report shall be submitted to the Committee on 
Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
on Environment and Public Works of the Senate.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated jointly to the Administrator and the Secretary $500,000 
for the completion of the study required under this section.

SEC. 5. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) The term ``Administrator'' means the Administrator of 
        the Environmental Protection Agency.
            (2) The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Energy.

Boutique Fuels Reduction Act of 2005 - Amends the Clean Air Act (CAA) to authorize the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to temporarily waive controls or prohibitions on the use of a fuel or fuel additive regulated under specified provisions of that Act or prescribed in an applicable State Implementation Plan (SIP) if the Administrator determines that: (1) extreme and unusual circumstances exist in a State or region that prevent distribution of an adequate supply of the fuel or fuel additive to consumers; (2) such circumstances are the result of a natural disaster, an Act of God, a pipeline or refinery equipment failure, or another unforeseeable event; and (3) it is in the public interest to grant the waiver. Permits such a waiver only if specified requirements are met.

States that the Administrator shall have no authority, when considering a SIP or SIP revision regarding State controls or prohibitions on motor vehicle fuel or fuel additives, to approve any fuel: (1) if doing so would increase the total number of approved and fully implemented fuels as of September 1, 2004, in all SIPs; and (2) unless that fuel was approved and fully implemented in at least one SIP in the applicable Petroleum Administration for Defense District (with the exception of fuels with a specified summertime Reid Vapor Pressure).

Requires the Administrator and the Secretary of Energy jointly to study and report to Congress on the effects of SIPs adopted pursuant to CAA provisions regarding State controls or prohibitions on motor vehicle fuel or fuel additives.