In this task, you are given a part of an article. Your task is to generate headline (title) for this text. Preferred headlines are under fifteen words.

Input: Consider Input: Observable operator models (OOMs) and related models are one of the most important and powerful tools for modeling and analyzing stochastic systems. They can exactly describe dynamics of finite-rank systems, and be efficiently learned from data by moment based algorithms. Almost all OOM learning algorithms are developed based on the assumption of equilibrium data which is very difficult to guarantee in real life, especially for complex processes with large time scales. In this paper, we derive a nonequilibrium learning algorithm for OOMs, which dismisses this assumption and can effectively extract the equilibrium dynamics of a system from nonequilibrium observation data. In addition, we propose binless OOMs for the application of nonequilibrium learning to continuous-valued systems. In comparison with the other OOMs with continuous observations, binless OOMs can achieve consistent estimation from nonequilibrium data with only linear computational complexity.

Output: Spectral learning of dynamic systems from nonequilibrium data∗


Input: Consider Input: This paper develops the idea of membership function assignment for OWL (Web Ontology Language) ontology elements in order to subsequently generate fuzzy rules from this ontology. The task of membership function assignment for OWL ontology elements had already been partially described, but this concerned the case , when several OWL ontologies of the same domain were available, and they were merged into a single ontology. The purpose of this paper is to present the way of membership function assignment for OWL ontology elements in the case, when there is the only one available ontology. Fuzzy rules, generated from the OWL ontology, are necessary for supplement of the SWES (Semantic Web Expert System) knowledge base. SWES is an expert system, which will be able to extract knowledge from OWL ontologies , found in the Web, and will serve as a universal expert for the user.

Output: Membership Function Assignment for Elements of Single OWL Ontology


Input: Consider Input: Derivational morphology is a fundamental and complex characteristic of language. In this paper we propose the new task of predicting the derivational form of a given base-form lemma that is appropriate for a given context. We present an encoder– decoder style neural network to produce a derived form character-by-character, based on its corresponding character-level representation of the base form and the context. We demonstrate that our model is able to generate valid context-sensitive derivations from known base forms, but is less accurate under a lexicon agnostic setting.


Output: Context-Aware Prediction of Derivational Word-forms