In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

[Q]: id. at 581, citing pappas, supra at 431.
[A]: non-overruling


[Q]: to the extent that they conflict with this holding, chase, supra, and hill, supra, are overruled.
[A]: overruling


[Q]: when the question of illegality of the present sentence was raised by one of the judges on the panel in this appeal, the author referred this case to the court en banc, which (with judges barry, byrnes, ciaccio, ward, and williams dissenting) disapproves liddell on this point as erroneously decided.
[A]:
overruling