In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

To isolate volatile compounds from nonvolatile impurities, the steam form of this process is used when the compounds decompose at standard temperatures and pressures. Two miscible liquids are heated under a Liebig condenser to increase the concentration of the liquid with the lower boiling point in a common type of this process. FTP, name this separation method by boiling point, whose fractional variety yields cosmetics from petroleum and alcohol from a water mixture.
Science

Erwin Finlay-Freundlich proposed one explanation for this phenomenon that claimed its strength should be proportional to the radiation density. A version of this phenomenon in the CMB is known as the Sachs-Wolfe effect, while the quantity that describes the strength of this effect has a value of about 1100 for the surface of last scattering. One version of this effect was measured using the Mossbauer effect in an experiment by Pound and Rebka, and the magnitude of this effect is usually denoted "z. " For 10 points, name this phenomenon, which can be caused by gravity or the Doppler effect, in which the wavelength of an object's light appears longer to an observer.
Science

The break-off events of these objects are exemplified by an event affecting Altels in 1895, which was thought to have been triggered by infiltrated water. A tunnel under one of these objects in Kluane National Park collapsed and formed a canyon 20 years after a surge that almost recreated a lake. The islands Santonen and Hanhinen merged into Hailuoto, a process called rebound, after one of these objects receded. They are divided into zones of ablation and accumulation, and they leave behind moraines at their furthest extent. Sometimes forming aretes between their 'u'-shaped valleys, for 10 points, name these moving sheets of ice which cover Greenland and Antarctica.

Science