In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

[EX Q]: Founder-flush models of this phenomenon propose that it may result from repeated bottlenecks. Changes of ploidy in plants can cause this process due to the frequent sterility of the resulting offspring. The(*) sympatric version of this phenomena occurs between populations in the same region, and punctuated equilibria are a sign of the allopatric variety of this process in the fossil record. For 10 points, name this biological process, in which populations become reproductively isolated and diverge, leading to the formation of new species.
[EX A]: Social Science

[EX Q]: 2008, a cabinet minister from this country was banned for failing to seek parliamentary approval to support the recognition of Cambodia's Praeh Vihar temple as a World Heritage site, and that event led to the resignation of Samak Sundaravej. Supporters of a former leader of this country rioted at the 2009 ASEAN meeting held in its city of Pattaya. More recently, this country's Supreme Court ordered the seizure of $1. 4 billion in assets of that leader who sold the Manchester United Football club in 2008. It is currently led by Abhijit Vejjajiva, and in 2006 coup, a military junta overthrew Thaksin Shinawatra in this country. For 10 points, identify this country whose government based is in Bangkok.
[EX A]: History

[EX Q]: The stretch rule states that this quantity does not change when an object is distorted along its axis of rotation. The tensor for this quantity is symmetric, and is diagonal in some orientation, defining an object's principal axes. If this value is given for one axis of rotation it can be found for certain others using the (*) parallel axis theorem. It is calculated by summing or integrating mass times distance from an axis squared, and rotational kinetic energy is equal to this quantity times the square of the angular velocity. For 10 points, identify this quantity, the rotational analog of mass, which often has units of kilograms times meters squared, symbolized I.
[EX A]:
Science