TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: Instead of employing the Debye-Hull-Scherrer powder method, its namesakes relied on an array of atomic planes. Its namesakes built a vacuum apparatus and employed a hot filament, an accelerating electrode, and an arc-mounted Faraday box. A leak in the vacuum led its namesakes to heat the target, resulting in crystallized nickel, which gave startling results. A plot of collector current against beam energy was explained by constructive interference, and the results in general could be derived by combining Bragg's equation with the de Broglie wavelength for electrons. FTP name this experiment named for two physicists, which proved that electrons diffract.

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: In studying this structure, Elizabeth Gould showed that dendrite spine density and estradiol levels peaked together. A circuit of structures interconnecting this structure and the cortex was proposed by James Papez, and axon collaterals named for Schaffer innervates neurons in the CA1 portion of this structure. Neurons that respond only when an animal is in a certain region of space, known as place cells, are located in this structure. It consists of two sheets of neurons called Ammon's horn and the dentate gyrus, the first of which sends axons into the fornix. Connected ventrally and laterally to the olfactory cortex, this structure inhibits CRH release. For 10 points, name folded structure of the limbic system that plays a major role in learning and memory.

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: free energy is plotted against this quantity in Ellingham diagrams, and sudden jumps in this quantity on the order of 10^(-6) seconds are used in studying enzyme kinetics. Many of the cdc mutants in yeast are sensitive to this quantity and thus exhibit a conditional phenotype. A gradient in this causes the generation of a potential difference in a metal according to the Seebeck effect, and Wein's law suggests that the wavelength of a blackbody is inversely proportional to this quantity. The thermodynamic beta is inversely proportional to it. For 10 points, identify this quantity which describes the average kinetic energy of the molecules that make up the object, and which is measured in Kelvins.

SOLUTION:
Science