Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

[Q]: The independent prognostic value of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) has been questioned, and consequently we decided to investigate whether hsCRP was associated with subclinical cardiovascular (CV) damage independently of traditional CV risk factors.', 'In a population-based sample of 2028 apparently healthy individuals without prior stroke or myocardial infarction not receiving any CV, anti-diabetic or lipid-lowering treatment, aged 41, 51, 61 or 71 years, we measured in 1993 serum hsCRP, traditional CV risk factors (lifestyle, metabolic and hemodynamic) and assessed subclinical CV damage [atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries, pulse wave velocity (PWV), urine albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), left ventricular (LV) mass and ejection fraction].', 'Adjusting for age and gender in multiple regression analyses, higher log(hsCRP) was associated with higher logPWV (beta = 0.15) and log(left ventricular mass index) (LVMI) (beta = 0.09, both P < 0.001), LV relative wall thickness (beta = 0.07, P < 0.01), logUACR (beta = 0.04, P = 0.06) and more atherosclerotic plaques (beta = 0.06, P < 0.05). However, higher log(hsCRP) was only weakly associated with higher logPWV(beta = 0.06, P < 0.05) and more atherosclerotic plaques (beta = 0.04, P = 0.06) when adjusting for other significant CV risk factors, such as daily smoking (beta = 0.18), female gender (beta = -0.17), older age (beta = 0.11), lower log(high density lipoprotein cholesterol) (beta = -0.11, all P < 0.001); wider waist (beta = 0.17), higher body mass index (beta = 0.14), higher heart rate (beta = 0.06, all P < 0.01); and higher log(plasma glucose) (beta = 0.05, P < 0.05) (adj. R2 = 0.19, P < 0.001).
[A]: 0


[Q]: Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are a new class of promising anti-tumour agent inhibiting cell proliferation and survival in tumour cells with very low toxicity toward normal cells. Neuroblastoma (NB) is the second most common solid tumour in children still associated with poor outcome in higher stages and, thus NB strongly requires novel treatment modalities.', 'We show here that the HDACi Sodium Butyrate (NaB), suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and Trichostatin A (TSA) strongly reduce NB cells viability. The anti-tumour activity of these HDACi involved the induction of cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, followed by the activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, via the activation of the caspases cascade. Moreover, HDACi mediated the activation of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bid and BimEL and the inactivation of the anti-apoptotic proteins XIAP, Bcl-xL, RIP and survivin, that further enhanced the apoptotic signal. Interestingly, the activity of these apoptosis regulators was modulated by several different mechanisms, either by caspases dependent proteolytic cleavage or by degradation via the proteasome pathway. In addition, HDACi strongly impaired the hypoxia-induced secretion of VEGF by NB cells.
[A]: 0


[Q]: Increased potassium intake has been shown to lower blood pressure (BP) even in the presence of high sodium consumption however the role of dietary potassium on vascular function has received less attention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between habitual intake of sodium (Na) and potassium (K) and measures of arterial stiffness and wave reflection.', 'Thirty-six young healthy adults (21 M, 15 F; 24 ± 0.6 yrs; systolic BP 117 ± 2; diastolic BP 63 ± 1 mmHg) recorded their dietary intake for 3 days and collected their urine for 24 hours on the 3rd day. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and the synthesis of a central aortic pressure waveform (by radial artery applanation tonometry and generalized transfer function) were performed. Aortic augmentation index (AI), an index of wave reflection, was calculated from the aortic pressure waveform.', 'Subjects consumed an average of 2244 kcals, 3763 mg Na, and 2876 mg of K. Average urinary K excretion was 67 ± 5.3 mmol/24 hr, Na excretion was 157 ± 11 mmol/24 hr and the average Na/K excretion ratio was 2.7 ± 0.2. An inverse relationship between AI and K excretion was found (r =\u2009-0.323; p < 0.05). A positive relationship between AI and the Na/K excretion ratio was seen (r = 0.318; p < 0.05) while no relationship was noted with Na excretion alone (r = 0.071; p > 0.05). Reflection magnitude, the ratio of reflected and forward waves, was significantly associated with the Na/K excretion ratio (r = 0.365; p <0.05) but not Na or K alone. PWV did not correlate with Na or the Na/K excretion ratio (p > 0.05) but showed an inverse relationship with K excretion (r =\u2009-0.308; p < 0.05).
[A]:
0