In this task, you are given a set of context paragraphs, some supporting facts and an answer of a question. Your task is to generate question for given answer based on set of context paragraphs, supporting facts and an answer.
--------
Question: Context_1 : Elmer "Kid Violent" Ray (March 3, 1911 – May 20, 1987) was an American heavyweight boxer who fought from 1926 to 1949. He was born in Federal Point, Florida. Ray was known as a hard puncher and had a career record of 86 (with 70 knockouts)-13-1. Ray never fought for the title, but did fight future heavyweight champions Ezzard Charles and Jersey Joe Walcott. In three fights with Walcott, Ray suffered a three round knockout on September 25, 1937, rebounded to outpoint Walcott on November 15, 1946, and lost the third fight by decision (April 3, 1947). He defeated Charles on a split decision on July 25, 1947, but was knocked out in the 9th round of their rematch on May 7, 1948. He also boxed light heavyweight champion John Henry Lewis, but was stopped in the 12th round on May 19, 1938. In 2003, Ray made the Ring Magazine's list of 100 greatest punchers of all-time at number 44. Context_2 : Lucien H. Kerr (May 4, 1831 – October 31, 1873) was an American politician and soldier from Ohio. Coming with his family to Peoria County, Illinois, Kerr studied law but enlisted in the Union Army before getting the chance to practice. He rose to lead the 11th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Cavalry until he was mustered out in 1864. Upon his return to Peoria, Kerr practiced law. He served one two-year term in the Illinois Senate, then was defeated in a re-election bid. He died the next year from an injury from a hunting accident. Context_3 : Charles Harting Percy (September 27, 1919 – September 17, 2011), known as Chuck Percy, was an American businessman and politician. He was president of the Bell & Howell Corporation from 1949 to 1964. In 1966, he was elected to the United States Senate from Illinois as a Republican; he served for three terms (18 years) until 1985, when he was defeated by Paul Simon. He was mentioned as a GOP presidential hopeful from 1968 through 1988. During his Senate career, Percy concentrated on business and foreign relations. Context_4 : Paul Martin Simon (November 29, 1928 – December 9, 2003) was an American politician from Illinois. He served in the United States House of Representatives from 1975 to 1985, and in the United States Senate from 1985 to 1997. A member of the Democratic Party, he unsuccessfully ran for the 1988 Democratic presidential nomination. Context_5 : Joseph Herbert Gander (1888 – 22 November 1954) was an Australian politician. Born in Dubbo, New South Wales, Australia, he received a primary education before becoming a billiardmaker and public servant. He was involved in local politics in Sydney, being elected to Newtown Council. In 1931, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the member for Reid, a member of the Lang Labor party; he defeated Percy Coleman, the Labor member. When, in 1936, the Lang Labor members rejoined the Labor party, Gander was one of them. However, in 1940, the Labor Party split again, and Gander was among the members to join the Langite Australian Labor Party (Non-Communist). However, he was defeated in the election of that year by the federal Labor candidate, Charles Morgan, and retired from politics, returning to public service. Gander died in 1954. Context_6 : Redbad (alt. Radbod, Raedbed) (died 719) was the king (or duke) of Frisia from c. 680 until his death. He is often considered the last independent ruler of Frisia before Frankish domination. He defeated Charles Martel at Cologne. Eventually, however, Charles prevailed and compelled the Frisians to submit. Redbad died in 719, but for some years his successors struggled against the Frankish power. Context_7 : Archibald Alexander Glenn (January 30, 1819 – May 21, 1901) was an American politician from Kentucky. Raised in Indiana, Glenn's father died when he was thirteen and Glenn had to provide for his family. In 1837, he moved to Illinois where he learned the printing trade and became a publisher. He campaigned for Henry Clay in 1844 then became a prominent politician in Brown County, Illinois. He was elected to the Illinois Senate in 1872 and was named its president two years later; this made him the acting Lieutenant Governor of Illinois. After his term, he moved to Wichita, Kansas where he held several political positions. Context_8 : Alonzo K. Vickers (September 25, 1853 – January 21, 1915) was an American politician and jurist from Illinois. Vickers received a basic public education and assisted on the family farm as a youth. He later taught in schools and studied law in Metropolis, Illinois. Upon admission to the bar, Vickers practiced in and around Vienna, Illinois, also serving as that city's attorney. He served one term in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1886 to 1888. In 1891, he was elected to the 1st Illinois circuit court, practicing there for eleven years until elevation to the Illinois Appellate Court. In 1906, Vickers was elected to the Supreme Court of Illinois. He died before completing his nine-year term. Context_9 : Robin Lynne Kelly (born April 30, 1956) is an American politician from Illinois who has served as the U.S. Representative for Illinois 's 2 congressional district since 2013. A member of the Democratic Party, Kelly served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 2003-07. She then served as chief of staff for Illinois State Treasurer Alexi Giannoulias until 2010. She was the 2010 Democratic nominee for State Treasurer, but was defeated in the general election. Prior to running for Congress, Kelly served as the Cook County Chief Administrative Officer. Context_10 : Charles K. Carpenter (born in 1872 in Illinois, died in 1948) was a prominent minister in northern Illinois and a charter member of the Illinois State Academy of Science. During his years of service as a minister, his avocation was recording observations of nature and preparing study skins and life mounts of animals of the region. After his retirement from the church in 1940, he organized his collections and observations into the Northern Illinois Museum of Natural History, which he maintained at his home in Baileyville, Ogle County, Illinois. After his death in 1948, most of his life mounts were given to a high school, where they remained until 1983 when they were donated to the Illinois State Museum. Many of his bird study skins, egg sets, and photographs were given to Cornell College in Mount Vernon, Iowa; in 1985-1986 these were transferred to the Illinois State Museum. Among his specimens was a life mount of a (now extinct) passenger pigeon, "Ectopistes migratorius" (Linnaeus, 1766), collected by his father, Edwin A. Carpenter (born in 1846 in Pennsylvania, died in 1919 in Illinois). This specimen is one of only 19 complete and 7 partial skeleton specimens of passenger pigeons known to exist in museum collections. fact_1 : Charles Harting Percy (September 27, 1919 – September 17, 2011), known as Chuck Percy, was an American businessman and politician. fact_2 :  In 1966, he was elected to the United States Senate from Illinois as a Republican; he served for three terms (18 years) until 1985, when he was defeated by Paul Simon. fact_3 : Paul Martin Simon (November 29, 1928 – December 9, 2003) was an American politician from Illinois. Answer: December 9, 2003

Answer: When was the American politician from Illinois died who defeated Charles Harting Percy in 1985?


Question: Context_1 : Teide National Park (Spanish: "Parque nacional del Teide" , ] ) is a national park located in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). Context_2 : The National Parks of Argentina make up a network of 33 national parks in Argentina. The parks cover a very varied set of terrains and biotopes, from Baritú National Park on the northern border with Bolivia to Tierra del Fuego National Park in the far south of the continent. The Administración de Parques Nacionales (National Parks Administration) is the agency that preserves and manages these national parks along with Natural monuments and National Reserves within the country. Context_3 : National parks of Sweden are managed by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (Swedish: "Naturvårdsverket" ) and owned by the state. The goal of the national park service is to create a system of protected areas that represent all the distinct natural regions of the country. In 1909, Sweden became the first country in Europe to establish such parks when nine were opened following the Riksdag passing of a law on national parks that year. This was followed by the establishment of seven parks between 1918 and 1962 and thirteen between 1982 and 2009, with the latest being Kosterhavet National Park. There are currently 29 national parks in Sweden, comprising a total area of 731,589 hectares (1,807,796 acres); six more are scheduled to open by 2013. Context_4 : The United States has 59 protected areas known as National Parks that are operated by the National Park Service, an agency of the Department of the Interior. National Parks must be established by an act of the United States Congress. A bill creating the first National Park, Yellowstone, was signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant in 1872, followed by Mackinac National Park in 1875 (decommissioned in 1895), and then Rock Creek Park (later merged into National Capital Parks), Sequoia and Yosemite in 1890. The Organic Act of 1916 created the National Park Service "to conserve the scenery and the natural and historic objects and wildlife therein, and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in such manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations." Many current National Parks had been previously protected as National Monuments by the President under the Antiquities Act before being upgraded by Congress. Seven National Parks (including six in Alaska) are paired with a National Preserve, areas with different levels of protection that are administered together but considered separate units and whose areas are not included in the figures below. Context_5 : A Year in the Wild is a 2012 British nature documentary series about the country's national parks. Produced by the BBC, the series is narrated by actress Hermione Norris. It consists of three episodes, each an hour long. The first episode, "Snowdonia", premiered on 27 July 2012 and features Snowdonia National Park. Snowdonia is located in Wales, and is known for its hills and extinct volcanoes. The second episode, "The New Forest", premiered on 3 August 2012. The episode explores the fauna of the New Forest National Park. The Park, located in southern England, was established in 2005 and is one of the country's newest national parks. The final episode of the series, "Cairngorms", premiered on 10 August 2012. The Cairngorms National Park covers the Cairngorms mountain range in Scotland, and is Britain's largest national park, with an area of 4,528 km2. All three episodes describe the wildlife of each park, the ecosystem, and the people who live near, work, or frequent the parks. Context_6 : Many areas of Vietnam are under protection. While the national reserves cover small areas of scientific significance with restricted access, the national parks also cover wetlands of Ramsar designated areas and BirdLife International inscribed bird areas. The largest of the national parks initially covered were the Cúc Phương National Park, the Cát Tiên National Park, and the Côn Đảo National Park which to start with were forest areas cum reserves or prohibited areas. The objective for creating national parks was to allow access to the reserved areas as a part of ecotourism and cultural needs with full attention to the basic approach of conservation of natural environmental resources. Context_7 : The national parks of England and Wales are areas of relatively undeveloped and scenic landscape that are designated under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act (2016). Despite their similar name, national parks in England and Wales are quite different from national parks in many other countries, which are usually owned and managed by the government as a protected community resource, and which do not usually include permanent human communities. In England and Wales, designation as a national park may include substantial settlements and human land uses which are often integral parts of the landscape, and land within a national park remains largely in private ownership. Context_8 : Within England and Wales there are thirteen areas known as national parks, each administered by its own national park authority, a special purpose local authority, the role of which as set out in the Environment Act 1995 is: "to conserve and enhance the natural beauty, wildlife and cultural heritage of the National Parks." and "to promote opportunities for the understanding and enjoyment of the special qualities of the National Parks by the public." The national park authority for each park addresses these aims in partnership with other organisations, such as the National Trust. In cases where there may be conflict between the two purposes of designation, the first must take precedence under the Sandford Principle. The national park authorities also have a duty to foster the economic and social wellbeing of communities in pursuit of these purposes. Context_9 : Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (in Spanish: "Parque Nacional de la Sierra de Guadarrama") is a national park in Spain, covering nearly 34,000 hectares, the fifth largest in Spain's national parks system. The Guadarrama mountain range ("Sistema Central") contains some ecologically valuable areas, located in the Community of Madrid and Castile and León (provinces of Segovia and Ávila). The law that regulates the recently approved national park was published in the BOE in  26, 2013 (2013--) . Context_10 : The national parks of New Zealand are 13 protected areas administered by the Department of Conservation. Although the national parks contain some of New Zealand's most beautiful scenery, the first few established were all focused on mountain scenery. Since the 1980s the focus has been on developing a more diverse representation of New Zealand landscapes. The parks are all culturally significant; many also contain historic features. Tongariro National Park, in particular, is one of 27 World Heritage Sites that is of both cultural and natural significance, while four of the South Island national parks form Te Wahipounamu, another World Heritage Site. A 14th national park, Te Urewera National Park, was disestablished in 2014. fact_1 : Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (in Spanish: "Parque Nacional de la Sierra de Guadarrama") is a national park in Spain, covering nearly 34,000 hectares, the fifth largest in Spain's national parks system. fact_2 : Teide National Park (Spanish: "Parque nacional del Teide" , ] ) is a national park located in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). Answer: Spain

Answer: Guadarrama National Park and Teide National Park, are both national parks, in which country?


Question: Context_1 : Dopamine is the fifth studio album by American rock band Third Eye Blind, released on June 16, 2015. It is the band's first studio album since 2009's "Ursa Major." The album's first single, "Everything Is Easy," was released on May 8, 2015, along with a cover version of the Beyoncé song "Mine." The album debuted at No. 13 on the Billboard 200, selling over 21,000 copies in its first week. Context_2 : "Forward " is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her sixth studio album, "Lemonade" (2016). It was written by James Blake and Beyoncé, who is also featured in the song. The song's music video is part of a one-hour film with the same title as its parent album, originally aired on HBO. Context_3 : Jonny Coffer is a Grammy-nominated English songwriter and record producer. He has written and produced for artists including Beyoncé, Naughty Boy, Emeli Sandé, Redlight, Gorgon City, Wretch 32 and All Saints. He co-wrote the UK number 1 hit "La La La", as well as "Runnin' (Lose It All)" with Naughty Boy, Beyoncé and Arrow Benjamin, and the UK Top 20 hits "Lost in Your Love" and "Get Out My Head" with Redlight. Coffer co-wrote and produced the song "Freedom" from Beyonce's 2016 album "Lemonade". Context_4 : Nathan Scherrer, born 1988 in Northport, Michigan, is an American music video and commercial executive producer and creative producer who has been nominated for several Grammy Awards, including Pharrell William's Freedom and Dead Weather's I Feel Love, and in 2016 won the Grammy for Best Music Video for Beyonce’s Formation video which was directed by Melina Matsoukas. The video also won the Cannes Gran Prix Best Music Video award and the best music video of year award at the BET Awards. It also won the video of year at the VMAs in 2017. He was also among several producers who were nominated for Beyonces music film, Lemonade, which won the best long form music video award at the 2017 VMAs. Context_5 : "Formation" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her sixth studio album "Lemonade" (2016). It was written by Khalif Brown, Jordan Frost, Asheton Hogan, Mike Will Made It and Beyoncé and produced by the latter three. It served as the album's lead single, released on February 6, 2016 through Parkwood Entertainment. Context_6 : American singer Beyoncé rose to fame in the late 1990s as the lead singer of the R&B girl group Destiny's Child, one of the world's best-selling girl groups of all time. During the hiatus of the girl group in 2002, Beyoncé embarked on her solo career that she pursued following the disbandment of the group in 2005. She has written and recorded material for her six studio albums, namely "Dangerously in Love" (2003), "B'Day" (2006), "I Am... Sasha Fierce" (2008), "4" (2011), her self-titled album, "Beyoncé" (2013), and her second visual album "Lemonade" (2016). Apart from her work in music, Beyoncé has launched a career in acting. She made her debut in the 2001 musical film "", prior to appearing in major films, including "Austin Powers in Goldmember" (2002), "The Pink Panther" (2006), "Dreamgirls" (2006), Epic, and "Cadillac Records" (2008). She has written and recorded material for the soundtrack albums of all the mentioned movies. Beyoncé has also lent her vocals to several recordings for specific charitable causes and other tracks that were used in television advertisements. Songs included in this list are from her studio albums, extended plays, soundtrack albums, live albums, mixtapes, and collaborations with other recording artists on their respective albums. Many of them were released as singles and have been successful both stateside and in international markets. Also included in this list are songs that Beyoncé recorded, but remain unreleased or were never officially released. Context_7 : "Love Drought" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her sixth studio album, "Lemonade" (2016). It was written by Ingrid Burley, Mike Dean and Beyoncé while the production was handled by the latter two. Burley was inspired to write "Love Drought" following an unpleasant experience with representatives at Parkwood Entertainment. Following the release of "Lemonade", the track managed to appear on several music charts, including 47 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 and top 100 in the UK, Australia, and Canada. The song's music video, directed by Kahlil Joseph, is part of a one-hour film with the same title as its parent album, originally aired on HBO on April 23, 2016. Beyoncé performed the song in a medley with "Sandcastles" at the 59th Annual Grammy Awards in February 2017. Context_8 : Lemonade is the sixth studio album by American singer Beyoncé. It was released on April 23, 2016, by Parkwood Entertainment and Columbia Records. It is Beyoncé's second "visual album" following her previous eponymous 2013 album, as well as a concept album accompanied upon its release by a one-hour film aired on HBO. Primarily an R&B album, "Lemonade" encompasses a variety of genres, including pop, reggae, blues, rock, hip hop, soul, funk, Americana, country, gospel, electronic, and trap music. The album features guest vocals from James Blake, Kendrick Lamar, The Weeknd, and Jack White. The album contains samples and interpolations of a number of hip-hop and rock songs. Context_9 : "Don't Hurt Yourself" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her sixth studio album, "Lemonade". The song was produced by Jack White, Beyoncé and Derek Dixie, and written by White, Beyoncé, and Diana Gordon. It contains samples of "When the Levee Breaks" written by Jimmy Page, Robert Plant, John Paul Jones and John Bonham, and performed by Led Zeppelin. Some critics compared the song to Beyoncé's "Ring the Alarm" (2006). The song received a nomination for the 59th Annual Grammy Awards in the category Best Rock Performance. "Billboard" ranked "Don't Hurt Yourself" at number 61 on their ""Billboard"' s 100 Best Pop Songs of 2016" list. Context_10 : "Tonight" is the third proper single from The Big Pink's debut album "A Brief History of Love", and their fifth single overall. "Tonight" was released on 7" vinyl and as a digital download on April 26, 2010. The single features a new recording of "Tonight," produced by Paul Epworth (who also receives writing credit on this version of the song), and the band's cover of the Beyoncé song "Sweet Dreams" as the B-side. The single comes packaged in a fold-out sleeve with a coloured elastic band as well. fact_1 : Nathan Scherrer, born 1988 in Northport, Michigan, is an American music video and commercial executive producer and creative producer who has been nominated for several Grammy Awards, including Pharrell William's Freedom and Dead Weather's I Feel Love, and in 2016 won the Grammy for Best Music Video for Beyonce’s Formation video which was directed by Melina Matsoukas. fact_2 : "Formation" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her sixth studio album "Lemonade" (2016). fact_3 :  It was written by Khalif Brown, Jordan Frost, Asheton Hogan, Mike Will Made It and Beyoncé and produced by the latter three. Answer: Melina Matsoukas

Answer:
Who directed the video for the Beyoncé song featured on the 2016 album Lemonade and written by Khalif Brown?