In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

[Q]: Context: To investigate the incidence of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery and its association with mortality in a patient population receiving ibuprofen and gentamicin perioperatively.', 'Retrospective study with Cox regression analysis to control for possible preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative confounders.', 'University hospital-based single-center study.', 'All patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting ± valve surgery during 2012.', 'None.', 'Acute surgery within 24 hours of coronary angiography, previous nephrectomy, preoperative sCr >2.26 mg/dL and selective cerebral perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass were used as exclusion criteria. Acute kidney injury was defined, using the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria. Six hundred eight patients were included in the study. Mean age was 68.2 ± 9.7 years, and 81% were males. Acute kidney injury was seen in 28.1% of the patients. Overall mortality at one year was 7% and 3% in the no-AKI group. At one year, mortality was 15% in patients with AKIN stage 1 and AKIN stage 2 compared to 70% in AKIN stage 3. A hazard ratio of 2.34 (95% CI: 1.21-4.51, p = 0.011) and 5.62 (95% CI: 2.42-13.06), p<0.0001) were found for AKIN stage 1 and 2/3 combined, respectively.\Question: Is acute kidney injury independently associated with higher mortality after cardiac surgery?
[A]: More than 28% of the patients undergoing elective or subacute cardiac surgery developed AKI in this contemporary cohort. Furthermore, acute kidney injury was an independent predictor of increased mortality irrespective of the perioperative risk factors.


[Q]: Context: To assess the influence of moderate, acute weight loss on on-water rowing performance when aggressive nutritional recovery strategies were used in the two hours between weigh in and racing.', 'Competitive rowers (n = 17) undertook three on-water 1800 m time trials under cool conditions (mean (SD) temperature 8.4 (2.0) degrees C), each separated by 48 hours. No weight limit was imposed for the first time trial--that is, unrestricted body mass (UNR1). However, one of the remaining two trials followed a 4% loss in body mass in the previous 24 hours (WT(-4%)). No weight limit was imposed for the other trial (UNR2). Aggressive nutritional recovery strategies (WT(-4%), 2.3 g/kg carbohydrate, 34 mg/kg Na+, and 28.4 ml/kg fluid; UNR, ad libitum) were used in the first 90 minutes of the two hours between weigh in and performance trials.', 'WT(-4%) had only a small and statistically non-significant effect on the on-water time trial performance (mean 1.0 second, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.9 to 2.8; p = 0.29) compared with UNR. This was despite a significant decrease in plasma volume at the time of weigh in for WT(-4%) compared with UNR (-9.2%, 95% CI -12.8% to -5.6%; p<0.001).\Question: Does acute weight loss followed by an aggressive nutritional recovery strategy have little impact on on-water rowing performance?
[A]: Acute weight loss of up to 4% over 24 hours, when combined with aggressive nutritional recovery strategies, can be undertaken with minimal impact on on-water rowing performance, at least in cool conditions.


[Q]: Context: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterised by the presence of antibodies to double stranded DNA (dsDNA), which are involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. Previous studies showed that at least two thirds of patients develop a clinical relapse within six months after a significant rise in the anti-dsDNA level, and most relapses were prevented by the administration of corticosteroids at the time of the rise.', 'To determine whether mofetil mycophenolate (MMF) can prevent a clinical relapse without the side effects associated with corticosteroids.', '36 patients with SLE were examined monthly to determine whether a rise in anti-dsDNA level had occurred. A rise was defined as an increase of 25% of the level of the previous sample of at least 15 IU/ml within a four month period. After a rise patients were treated with MMF 2000 mg daily for six months. Patients were monitored monthly for the occurrence of a clinical relapse and to assess the serological activity and state of activation of CD4+, CD8+, and CD19+ lymphocyte subsets.', 'Anti-dsDNA rose in 10 patients. Treatment with MMF was started in all these patients, and after six months no clinical relapse had occurred. Side effects were minimal. Antibodies to dsDNA decreased during the treatment (p<0.001), associated with a decrease in the state of activation of CD19+ lymphocytes. No changes were found in the state of activation of CD4+ or CD8+ lymphocyte subsets.\Question: Does mycophenolate mofetil prevent a clinical relapse in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus at risk?
[A]:
Administration of MMF after a rise in antibodies to dsDNA is well tolerated, decreases anti-dsDNA and B cell activation, and seems to prevent the occurrence of a clinical relapse in patients with SLE.