In this task your given two statements. You must judge whether the second sentence is the cause or effect of the first one. Label the instances as "cause" or "effect" based on your judgment. The sentences are separated by a newline character.

Example Input: The boy felt stumped by the riddle.
He requested a hint.
Example Output: effect

Example Input: The boy read the novel aloud to his grandfather.
His grandfather was blind.
Example Output: cause

Example Input: Political violence broke out in the nation.
Many citizens took refuge in other territories.
Example Output:
effect