TASK DEFINITION: We would like you to assess the QUALITY of each of the following argument (discussing Death Penalty) and determine if the argument is Valid or Invalid. A valid argument is clearly interpretable and either expresses an argument, or a premise or a conclusion that can be used in an argument for the topic of death penalty. An invalid argument is a phrase that cannot be interpreted as an argument or not on the topic of death penalty.
PROBLEM: Prior to the A-bombs, Japanese citizens began preparing for a massive Allied invasion.

SOLUTION: Invalid

PROBLEM: Videlicet, one cannot simply state that all homosexuals are nice people.

SOLUTION: Invalid

PROBLEM: ~A survey of the former and present presidents of the country's top academic criminological societies found that 84% of these experts rejected the notion that research had demonstrated any deterrent effect from the death penalty.

SOLUTION:
Valid