instruction:
Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.
question:
Cirrhotic patients undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for refractory ascites or recurrent variceal bleeding are at risk for decompensation and death. This study examined whether a new model for end stage liver disease (MELD), which incorporates serum sodium (MELDNa), is a better predictor of death or transplant after TIPS than the original MELD.', "One hundred forty-eight consecutive patients undergoing nonemergent TIPS for refractory ascites or recurrent variceal bleeding from 1997 to 2006 at a single center were evaluated retrospectively. Cox model analysis was performed with death or transplant within 6 months as the end point. The models were compared using the Harrell's C index. Recursive partitioning determined the optimal MELDNa cutoff to maximize the risk:benefit ratio of TIPS.", 'The predictive ability of MELDNa was superior to MELD, particularly in patients with low MELD scores. The C indices (95% confidence interval [CI]) for MELDNa and MELD were 0.65 (95% CI, 0.55-0.71) and 0.58 (95% CI, 0.51-0.67) using a cut-off score of 18, and 0.72 (95% CI, 0.60-0.85) and 0.62 (95% CI, 0.49-0.74) using a cut-off score of 15. Using a MELDNa >15, 22% of patients were reclassified to a higher risk with an event rate of 44% compared with 10% when the score was <or=15.
answer:
1


question:
Fibroblasts (FIBs) within the retro-orbital space of patients with Graves' disease (GOFs) express thyrotropin receptors (TSHRs) and are thought to be an orbital target of TSHR-stimulating autoantibodies in Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). Recently, we developed a low molecular weight, drug-like TSHR antagonist (NCGC00229600) that inhibited TSHR activation in a model cell system overexpressing TSHRs and in normal human thyrocytes expressing endogenous TSHRs. Herein, we test the hypothesis that NCGC00229600 will inhibit activation of TSHRs endogenously expressed in GOFs.", 'Three strains of GOFs, previously obtained from patients with GO, were studied as undifferentiated FIBs and after differentiation into adipocytes (ADIPs), and another seven strains were studied only as FIBs. ADIP differentiation was monitored by morphology and measurement of adiponectin mRNA. FIBs and ADIPs were treated with the TSH- or TSHR-stimulating antibody M22 in the absence or presence of NCGC00229600 and TSHR activation was monitored by cAMP production.', 'FIBs contained few if any lipid vesicles and undetectable levels of adiponectin mRNA, whereas ADIPs exhibited abundant lipid vesicles and levels of adiponectin mRNA more than 250,000 times greater than FIBs; TSHR mRNA levels were 10-fold higher in ADIPs than FIBs. FIBs exhibited higher absolute levels of basal and forskolin-stimulated cAMP production than ADIPs. Consistent with previous findings, TSH stimulated cAMP production in the majority of ADIP strains and less consistently in FIBs. Most importantly, NCGC00229600 reduced both TSH- and M22-stimulated cAMP production in GOFs.
answer:
0


question:
Conventional pulsatile (CP) roller pump cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was compared to computer controlled biologically variable pulsatile (BVP) bypass designed to return beat-to-beat variability in rate and pressure with superimposed respiratory rhythms. Jugular venous O2 saturation (SjvO2) below 50% during rewarming from hypothermia was compared for the two bypass techniques. A SjvO2 less than 50% during rewarming is correlated with cognitive dysfunction in humans.', 'Pigs were placed on CPB for 3 hours using a membrane oxygenator with alpha-stat acid base management and arterial filtration. After apulsatile normothermic CPB was initiated, animals were randomized to CP (n = 8) or BVP (roller pump speed adjusted by an average of 2.9 voltage output modulations/second; n = 8), then cooled to a nasopharyngeal temperature of 28 degrees C. During rewarming to stable normothermia, SjvO2 was measured at 5 minute intervals. The mean and cumulative area for SjvO2 less than 50% was determined.', 'No between group difference in temperature existed during hypothermic CPB or during rewarming. Mean arterial pressure, arterial partial pressure O2, and arterial partial pressure CO2 did not differ between groups. The hemoglobin concentration was within 0.4 g/dL between groups at all time periods. The range of systolic pressure was greater with BVP (41 +/- 18 mm Hg) than with CP (12 +/- 4 mm Hg). A greater mean and cumulative area under the curve for SjvO2 less than 50% was seen with CP (82 +/- 96 versus 3.6% +/- 7.3% x min, p = 0.004; and 983 +/- 1158 versus 42% +/- 87% x min; p = 0.004, Wilcoxon 2-sample test).
answer:

0