Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[Q]: Because of greater recognition and improved imaging capabilities, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are being diagnosed with increasing frequency. IPMNs of the main pancreatic duct cause symptoms and lead to pancreatitis. Side-branch (SB) IPMNs are thought to cause symptoms less frequently, and their association with pancreatitis is not well defined.', 'Our purpose was to ascertain whether an association exists between SB-IPMN and pancreatitis.', 'Single-center, retrospective study.', 'Academic medical center.', 'A total of 305 patients underwent EUS examinations between October 2002 and October 2006 for pancreatic cystic lesions.', 'The main outcome measure was the frequency of acute or chronic pancreatitis that was not procedurally related.', 'Thirty-two patients had SB-IPMNs, and 11 (34%) had pancreatitis. Three patients reported a single episode, and 8 patients reported having recurrent episodes of pancreatitis. Overall, 17 (53%) patients had symptoms possibly attributable to SB-IPMN. Female sex (73% vs 38%) and multiple pancreatic lesions (54% vs 24%) were more commonly seen in those with pancreatitis, but were not statistically significant factors. Larger cyst size or cyst fluid marker levels did not appear associated with pancreatitis occurrence. EUS-FNA demonstrated communication with the pancreatic duct in 94% and thick, mucinous fluid in 84%.
[A]: Is pancreatitis frequent among patients with side-branch intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia diagnosed by EUS?


[Q]: Williams syndrome (WS), a genetic disorder resulting from hemizygous microdeletion of chromosome 7q11.23, has emerged as a model for identifying the genetic architecture of socioemotional behavior. Common polymorphisms in GTF2I, which is found within the WS microdeletion, have been associated with reduced social anxiety in the general population. Identifying neural phenotypes affected by these polymorphisms would help advance our understanding not only of this specific genetic association but also of the broader neurogenetic mechanisms of variability in socioemotional behavior.', 'Through an ongoing parent protocol, the Duke Neurogenetics Study, we measured threat-related amygdala reactivity to fearful and angry facial expressions using functional magnetic resonance imaging, assessed trait personality using the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, and imputed GTF2I rs13227433 from saliva-derived DNA using custom Illumina arrays. Participants included 808 non-Hispanic Caucasian, African American, and Asian university students.', 'The GTF2I rs13227433 AA genotype, previously associated with lower social anxiety, predicted decreased threat-related amygdala reactivity. An indirect effect of GTF2I genotype on the warmth facet of extraversion was mediated by decreased threat-related amygdala reactivity in women but not men.
[A]: Does a Common Polymorphism in a Williams Syndrome Gene predict Amygdala Reactivity and Extraversion in Healthy Adults?


[Q]: Death from infection is a highly heritable trait, yet there are few genetic variants with known mechanism influencing survival during septic shock.', 'We hypothesized that a synonymous coding variant in the IL-1 receptor antagonist gene (IL1RN), rs315952, previously associated with reduced risk for acute respiratory distress syndrome, would be functional and associate with improved survival in septic shock.', 'We used a human endotoxin (LPS) model of evoked inflammatory stress to measure plasma IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RA) following low-dose Food and Drug Administration-grade LPS injection (1 ng/kg) in 294 human volunteers. RNA sequencing of adipose tissue pre- and post-LPS was used to test for allelic imbalance at rs315952. In the Vasopressin and Septic Shock Trial cohort, we performed a genetic association study for survival, mortality, and organ failure-free days.', 'Adipose tissue displayed significant allelic imbalance favoring the rs315952C allele in subjects of European ancestry. Consistent with this, carriers of rs315952C had slightly higher plasma IL1RA at baseline (0.039) and higher evoked IL1RA post-LPS (0.011). In the Vasopressin and Septic Shock Trial cohort, rs315952C associated with improved survival (P = 0.028), decreased adjusted 90-day mortality (P = 0.044), and faster resolution of shock (P = 0.029).
[A]:
Is a functional synonymous coding variant in the IL1RN gene associated with survival in septic shock?