In this task, you are given a set of context paragraphs, some supporting facts and an answer of a question. Your task is to generate question for given answer based on set of context paragraphs, supporting facts and an answer.

[Q]: Context_1 : WPTF (680 AM; "NewsRadio 680") is a news and talk radio station serving the Triangle area of Raleigh, Durham, and Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The station call letters date back to the former longtime owner of the station, Durham Life Insurance Company, whose motto was "We Protect The Family." Durham Life owned the station from 1927-1992. Its studios are located on Highwoods Boulevard in Raleigh, and the transmitter tower is in Cary, North Carolina. The station is currently owned by Curtis Media Group. Context_2 : The Enlist Weed Control System is an agricultural system that includes seeds for genetically modified crops that are resistant to Enlist (a broadleaf herbicide with two active agents, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and glyphosate) and the Enlist herbicide; spraying the herbicide will kill weeds but not the resulting crop. The system was developed by Dow AgroSciences, part of Dow Chemical Company. In October 2014 the system was registered for restricted use in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Ohio, South Dakota and Wisconsin by the US Environmental Protection Agency. In 2013, the system was approved by Canada for the same uses. Context_3 : DuPont Pioneer, formerly Pioneer Hi-Bred is a large U.S. producer of hybrid seeds for agriculture. They are a major producer of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), including genetically modified crops with insect and herbicide resistance. Context_4 : Pendimethalin is an herbicide of the dinitroaniline class used in premergence and postemergence applications to control annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds. It inhibits cell division and cell elongation. Pendimethalin is listed in the K1-group according to the Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC) classification and is approved in Europe, North America, South America, Africa, Asia and Oceania for different crops including cereals (wheat, barley, rye, triticale), corn, soybeans, rice, potato, legumes, fruits, vegetables, nuts as well as lawns and ornamental plants. Context_5 : Bayer AG ( or ); ] ) is a German multinational chemical, pharmaceutical and life sciences company. It is headquartered in Leverkusen, where its illuminated sign is a landmark. Bayer's primary areas of business include human and veterinary pharmaceuticals; consumer healthcare products; agricultural chemicals and biotechnology products; and high value polymers. The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index. The company's motto is "science for a better life." Context_6 : The Sistema Eléctrico de Aysén (SEA) (Spanish for "Electric System of Aysén") is an alternating current power grid serving the Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Region of Chile. It is operated by a private company called EDELAYSEN, whose motto is "La Luz del Sur" (Spanish for "The Light of the South")."" Context_7 : SmartStax is a brand of genetically modified seed made through a collaboration between Monsanto Company and Dow Chemical Company. It takes advantage of multiple modes of insect protection and herbicide tolerance. SmartStax takes advantage of Yieldgard VT Triple (Monsanto), Herculex Xtra (Dow), RoundUp Ready 2 (Monsanto), and Liberty Link (Dow). The traits included protect against above-ground insects, below-ground insects, and provide broad herbicide tolerance. It is currently available for corn, but cotton, soybean, and specialty crop variations are to be released. Previously, the most genes artificially added to a single plant was three, but Smartstax includes eight. Smartstax also incorporates Monsanto's Acceleron Seed Treatment System which protects against insects at the earliest stages of development. Smartstax is sold under the Genuity (Monsanto) and Mycogen (Dow) brands. Context_8 : The systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a "whole-plant" resistance response that occurs following an earlier localized exposure to a pathogen. SAR is analogous to the innate immune system found in animals, and there is evidence that SAR in plants and innate immunity in animals may be evolutionarily conserved. Plants use pattern-recognition receptors to recognize conserved microbial signatures. This recognition triggers an immune response. The first plant receptors of conserved microbial signatures were identified in rice (XA21, 1995) and in Arabidopsis (FLS2, 2000). Plants also carry immune receptors that recognize highly variable pathogen effectors. These include the NBS-LRR class of proteins. SAR is important for plants to resist disease, as well as to recover from disease once formed. SAR can be induced by a wide range of pathogens, especially (but not only) those that cause tissue necrosis, and the resistance observed following induction of SAR is effective against a wide range of pathogens, which is why SAR resistance is sometimes called "broad spectrum." SAR is associated with the induction of a wide range of genes (so called PR or "pathogenesis-related" genes), and the activation of SAR requires the accumulation of endogenous salicylic acid (SA). The pathogen-induced SA signal activates a molecular signal transduction pathway that is identified by a gene called "NIM1", "NPR1" or "SAI1" (three names for the same gene) in the model genetic system "Arabidopsis thaliana". SAR has been observed in a wide range of flowering plants, including dicotyledon and monocotyledon species. SAR can be activated in corn, however, widely adapted commercial like Benzothiadiazole may not be efficient against "P. sorghi" causing common rust. Context_9 : The OECD Better Life Index, launched in May 2011 by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development following a decade of work on this issue, is a first attempt to bring together internationally comparable measures of well-being in line with the recommendations of the Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress also known as the Stiglitz-Sen-Fitoussi Commission. The recommendations made by this Commission sought to address concerns that standard macroeconomic statistics like GDP failed to give a true account of people’s current and future well-being. The OECD Better Life Initiative includes two main elements: "Your Better Life Index" and "How's Life?" Context_10 : LibertyLink is a Bayer owned brand of genes for use in agriculture providing tolerance to Liberty herbicide and glufosinate (a.k.a. Liberty or Basta). The genes were developed by Bayer CropScience. LibertyLink provides an herbicide resistance system that is still effective in the presence of glyphosate resistant weeds. The gene which gives resistance to glufosinate is a bar or pat gene which was first isolated from two species of "Streptomyces" bacteria. fact_1 : LibertyLink is a Bayer owned brand of genes for use in agriculture providing tolerance to Liberty herbicide and glufosinate (a.k.a. Liberty or Basta). fact_2 :  LibertyLink provides an herbicide resistance system that is still effective in the presence of glyphosate resistant weeds. fact_3 :  The company's motto is "science for a better life." Answer: Bayer
[A]: Which company whose motto is science for a better life owns a brand of genes that provides an herbicide resistance system?


[Q]: Context_1 : This article lists places of worship in the English town of Barrow-in-Furness. Barrow was a town built on industry and up until the late 19th Century was only a small village. The population skyrocketed in a matter of decades to a peak of over 70,000, as a result the majority of the town's places of worship were built in the late 19th century and early 20th century. Many were only temporary timber structures and soon replaced by the present buildings. According to the 2001 UK Census, 81.03% of Barrow's population identified as Christian with 0.58% of individuals stating another religion (the majority being Muslims and Buddhists). However these figures are currently outdated, as even in 2001 7.59% of individuals didn't state a religion (as opposed to stating 'no religion') as well as the fact that between 2001 and 2007, the ethnic minority population of Barrow has almost trebbled in size. All current places of worship in Barrow belong to denominations of Christianity, although three Jewish Synagogues were sited in the town in the early 20th Century. Despite this, the Kadampa Buddhist Temple and Manjushri Mahayana Centre which are located on the outskirts of the borough are amongst the oldest Buddhist centres in the western world. The nearest Mosque to the town is sited in Lancaster, the nearest Synagogue in Blackpool and Gurudwara in Preston. Context_2 : Fred Niblo (January 6, 1874 – November 11, 1948) was an American pioneer film actor, director and producer. Context_3 : Charles Vidor (July 27, 1900June 4, 1959) was a Hungarian film director. Context_4 : The history of coal mining goes back thousands of years. It became important in the Industrial Revolution of the 19th and 20th centuries, when it was primarily used to power steam engines, heat buildings and generate electricity. Coal mining continues as an important economic activity today. Compared to wood fuels, coal yields a higher amount of energy per mass and can often be obtained in areas where wood is not readily available. Though it was used historically as a domestic fuel, coal is now used mostly in industry, especially in smelting and alloy production as well as electricity generation. Large-scale coal mining developed during the Industrial Revolution, and coal provided the main source of primary energy for industry and transportation in industrial areas from the 18th century to the 1950s. Coal remains an important energy source because of its low cost and abundance compared to other fuels, particularly for electricity generation. Coal is also mined today on a large scale by open pit methods wherever the coal strata strike the surface or are relatively shallow. Britain developed the main techniques of underground coal mining from the late 18th century onward, with further progress being driven by 19th century and early 20th century progress. However, oil and gas were increasingly used as alternatives from the 1860s onward. Context_5 : Ecology is a new science and considered as an important branch of biological science, having only become prominent during the second half of the 20th century. Ecological thought is derivative of established currents in philosophy, particularly from ethics and politics. Its history stems all the way back to the 4th century. One of the first ecologists whose writings survive may have been Aristotle or perhaps his student, Theophrastus, both of whom had interest in many species of animals and plants. Theophrastus described interrelationships between animals and their environment as early as the 4th century BC. Ecology developed substantially in the 18th and 19th century. It began with Carl Linnaeus and his work with the economy of nature. Soon after came Alexander von Humboldt and his work with botanical geography. Alfred Russel Wallace and Karl Möbius then contributed with the notion of biocoenosis. Eugenius Warming’s work with ecological plant geography led to the founding of ecology as a discipline. Charles Darwin’s work also contributed to the science of ecology, and Darwin is often attributed with progressing the discipline more than anyone else in its young history. Ecological thought expanded even more in the early 20th century. Major contributions included: Eduard Suess’ and Vladimir Vernadsky’s work with the biosphere, Arthur Tansley’s ecosystem, Charles Elton's "Animal Ecology", and Henry Cowles ecological succession. Ecology influenced the social sciences and humanities. Human ecology began in the early 20th century and it recognized humans as an ecological factor. Later James Lovelock advanced views on earth as a macro-organism with the Gaia hypothesis. Conservation stemmed from the science of ecology. Important figures and movements include Shelford and the ESA, National Environmental Policy act, George Perkins Marsh, Theodore Roosevelt, Stephen A. Forbes, and post-Dust Bowl conservation. Later in the 20th century world governments collaborated on man’s effects on the biosphere and Earth’s environment. Context_6 : Marie Bonfanti (1845-1921) was a 19th-century ballet dancer whose New York City première came at Niblo's Garden on Monday, September 10, 1866. She then was the prima ballerina in "The Black Crook" at the same theatre, which premièred two days later. She appeared in "Sylvia" by Léo Delibes at the Metropolitan Alcazar concert hall on July 15, 1882. In August 1901, Bonfanti performed with Rita Sangalli at the Metropolitan Opera House, during the inaugural season of ballet at the New York City venue. Her talent for expressionist dancing and her private life were covered widely from the mid-1860s until the early 20th century. Context_7 : Frederick Eaton (1856 – March 11, 1934), known as Fred Eaton, was a major individual in the transformation and expansion of Los Angeles in the latter 19th century through early 20th century, in California. Eaton was the political mastermind behind the early 20th century Los Angeles Aqueduct project, designed by William Mulholland. Context_8 : Brown Shoe Company's Homes-Take Factory, also known as the International Hat Company Warehouse, is a historic building location at 1201 Russell Boulevard in the Soulard neighborhood of St. Louis, Missouri. Built in 1904, by renowned architect Albert B. Groves, the building was originally a factory for the Brown Shoe Company, based in St. Louis. In 1954, the factory was subsequently converted into a warehouse by the International Hat Company. The site has been recognized as a testament to Grove's architectural expertise in the principles of factory design, namely technical advances in layout planning, operational efficiency, and employee safety. Additionally, the factory epitomizes the early 20th century cultural transformation and socio-industrial development of St. Louis into a manufacturing powerhouse. In particular, the Brown Shoe Company is recognized as a principal player in challenging the 19th century dominance of the New England shoe industry. This significantly contributed to the early 20th century sobriquet of St. Louis as the city of "shoes, booze, and blues." The Brown Shoe Company's Homes-Take factory is considered to be among the pioneering industrial facilities of this historic transformation. Context_9 : Rockdale, also known as The Robinson/Stirling Place, is a historic home and farm complex located at Fallston, Harford County, Maryland, United States. It is a farm developed from the late 18th century through the early 20th century. The dwelling is in three parts. The east room of the east wing is the earliest section dating from the 18th century. The largest or main portion of the dwelling dates from between 1815 and 1830. The north wing, a bay centered in the south façade of the second story, and a small conservatory, date from the very early 20th century. The main house is five bays in length, two and a half stories, of stone construction, stuccoed and scored. The home is surrounded by several outbuildings, trees, and other plantings, and the remains of formal gardens and garden structures developed in the early 20th century. It was the residence of William E. Robinson (1860-1935), an entrepreneur in the local canning industry. Context_10 : Erwin Mill was a textile mill in Durham, North Carolina that operated between the years of 1893 and 1986. After seeing the success of other cotton mills in the Northeast and locally in Durham, entrepreneur Benjamin N. Duke incorporated the mill in 1892 and recruited William H. Erwin to manage the enterprise. The mill’s success in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was the result of Erwin’s and his successors’ exceptional management tactics, even when the factory hit obstacles such as the Great Depression and the unionization of its workers. The mill grew quickly in the late 19th century and early 20th century, became one of North Carolina’s largest cotton mills. It originally produced muslin pouches for tobacco, but the mill would later expand its production to other fabrics, becoming one of the largest producers of denim in the world during the early 1900s. Workers at the mill enjoyed some of the best working conditions and highest wages in textile factories throughout the southern United States. Mill employees would later sign union-friendly labor agreements that were radical to the southern textile industry in the early to mid 20th century. The establishment of homes, businesses and recreation areas in the mill village was a significant factor in the development of the West Durham, especially the Ninth Street business district and the Old West Durham Neighborhood. Erwin Mill No. 1 is on the National Register of Historic Places and the mill village of West Durham is a National Historic District. An apartment complex, office building and shopping center of the same name that are built on the original site also commemorate the factory. fact_1 : Charles Vidor (July 27, 1900June 4, 1959) was a Hungarian film director. fact_2 : Fred Niblo (January 6, 1874 – November 11, 1948) was an American pioneer film actor, director and producer. Answer: film
[A]: Charles Vidor from Hungary, and American Fred Niblo, were both pioneering figures in which industry at the early 20th century?


[Q]: Context_1 : ACS Macro Letters is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Chemical Society. The journal is available exclusively online. The first monthly issue was published in January 2012; however, Articles ASAP began appearing on the journal's website in the Fall of 2011. "ACS Macro Letters" was developed to complement "Macromolecules", the leading journal in polymer science. As reported in the Thomson Reuters 2010 Journal Citation Reports®, "Macromolecules" ranks #1 in total citations in the category of Polymer Science, with more than twice the number of citations as the #2 journal in the category. "Macromolecules" received a 2010 ISI Impact Factor of 4.838. With the launch of "ACS Macro Letters", all Communications to the Editor that were formerly published in "Macromolecules" will be published as Letters in "ACS Macro Letters". Researchers should turn to "ACS Macro Letters" for reports of early, urgent results in polymer science and to "Macromolecules" for more detailed discussions of comprehensive research findings. Context_2 : Carnegie Mellon University (Carnegie Mellon or CMU or ) is a private research university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Context_3 : Macromolecular Reaction Engineering is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published monthly by Wiley-VCH. The journal covers academic and industrial research in the field of polymer reaction engineering, which includes polymer science. It emerged from a section that was part of "Macromolecular Materials and Engineering". The journal publishes reviews, feature articles, communications, and full papers in the entire field of polymer reaction engineering, including polymer reaction modeling, reactor optimization, and control. Its 2013 impact factor is 1.543. Context_4 : Stephen Z.D. Cheng (born 1949 in Shanghai), is an American polymer scientist and chemical engineer. Cheng is the current Dean of the College of Polymer Science & Polymer Engineering, and the R.C.Musson & Trustees Professor of Polymer Science at the University of Akron. Context_5 : The Journal of Applied Polymer Science is the largest peer-reviewed scientific journal covering polymer science. Its 2014 ISI impact factor is 1.6000. The journal covers all applications of synthetic and renewably sourced polymers, including batteries and fuel cells, organic electronics, biomedical implants and drug delivery, coatings and packaging. It also covers composites, blends, elastomers, films and membranes, fibers, emulsions and latices, degradation of polymers, block co-polymers, hydrogels, foams, nanostructured polymers, as well as innovative synthesis and processing techniques. Context_6 : Ryan graduated with a BSc in Polymer Science and Technology from the University of Manchester in 1983, and a PhD from the same institution in 1988. He received a DSc from UMIST in 2004. His academic career began as a lecturer in Polymer Science at UMIST (1985-1988), followed by a NATO Research Fellow position at the University of Minnesota (1988-1989), before returning to UMIST as a lecturer in 1990. He was promoted to senior lecturer in 1994 and reader in 1995. In 1997 he joined the University of Sheffield's Department of Chemistry as a Professor of Physical Chemistry, becoming Head of Department from 1999 until 2004. He also served as Director of the University's Polymer Centre from 2000 until 2008, when he became Pro-Vice-Chancellor of the Faculty of Science, a post he held until 2016. Ryan has been a Visiting Professor at the London College of Fashion, University of The Arts since 2009 and an Honorary Professor at Nanjing Tech University since 2014. In the 2006 New Year Honours, he received an OBE for services to Science. Context_7 : Progress in Polymer Science is a peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing review articles on topics broadly related to polymer chemistry. In 2011 the impact factor of this journal was 24.100, ranking it the highest in the subject category "Polymer Science". The journal is available since 1967. Currently it is edited by G.C. Berry and K. Matyjaszewski from Carnegie Mellon University. Context_8 : The Society of Polymer Science is a Japanese non-profit organization that studies polymer science with a focus on Japan but also internationally. The Society of Polymer Science was established in 1951 and currently has about 12,000 members. The society issues a monthly academic journal, the "Polymer Journal". Context_9 : Colloid and Polymer Science is a peer-reviewed scientific journal which publishes in the field of colloid and polymer science and its interdisciplinary interactions. The journal is published by Springer Science+Business Media. It was first published in 1906. Context_10 : The Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering polymer science. The journal is dedicated to studies in fundamental organic polymer chemistry and physical organic chemistry. This includes all related topics (such as organic, bio-organic, bio-inorganic, and biological chemistry of monomers, polymers, oligomers and model compounds, inorganic and organometallic chemistry for catalysts, mechanistic studies, supramolecular chemistry aspects relevant to polymers and reactions on polymers). It is published by Wiley. According to the "Journal Citation Reports", the journal has a 2012 impact factor of 3.245. fact_1 :  Currently it is edited by G.C. Berry and K. Matyjaszewski from Carnegie Mellon University. fact_2 : Carnegie Mellon University (Carnegie Mellon or CMU or ) is a private research university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Answer: Carnegie Mellon University
[A]:
The journal Progress in Polymer Science is published and edited at which Pittsburgh university?