TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: Vaihinger discussed the relation between Swedenborg and this man's concept of two worlds, in a commentary on this man's Dreams of a Spirit Seer. He proposed the creation of a league to mediate international disputes in his essay "Perpetual Peace," and defined ratiocination as the judgment of a predicate with its subject in "The False Subtlety of the Four Syllogistic Figures. " He defined his best-known concept by claiming that nothing can be called good without qualification "except a good will" in his Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals. For 10 points, name this author of The Critique of Judgment and Critique of Pure Reason who created the "categorical imperative. "

SOLUTION: Social Science

PROBLEM: This composer reworked an instrumental sarabande into the aria Lascia ch'io planga. He called for improvised solo organ pieces to be placed ad libitum into the later of his organ concertos, a genre he invented to show off. The "Hailstone Chorus" appears in the first part of an oratorio by this man whose second part is "The Song of Moses"; that work is Israel in Egypt. One of this man's works includes a suite in G major that has a rigaudon, a minuet, and five shorter, unnamed pieces, as well as a suite in F major that begins with a (*) French overture. That piece was written to be played on barges floating on the River Thames for King George I. For 10 points, name this Baroque composer who wrote Water Music and the oratorio Messiah.

SOLUTION: Fine Arts

PROBLEM: A recent mass death of puffins off this nation's coast has mirrored a similar dead bird event in Arkansas. In the aftermath of one recent crisis in this nation, Edison Pena was invited to (*) Graceland to celebrate Elvis's 76th birthday, but that man and his fellows are better-known for being the subject of a rescue mission based at the tent city Camp Hope. For 10 points, name this nation that recently saw thirty-three miners emerge safely from underground after being trapped for 69 days, whose rescue capsule from that incident now resides in Santiago.

SOLUTION:
Literature