Generate the answer for a given question. The question requires common knowledge of English. Make sure that the answer is in detail, long, consistent with the context, and requires general knowledge of English. To be less repetitive, please vary your language for each question. Give a proper explanation to answer, and if necessary, provide the definition of various terms. And conclude your answer if it's long. If you have used other resources (e.g., Merriam Webster's.) to answer the question, include citations in your answer. You don't need to paraphrase the context of your resources, but make sure that your answer is consistent and complete.

For example, if I were to connect to a service with the following address: 68.146.63.194:3609 Is there a word for this type of address? I suppose I could call it just a generic address but I was wondering if there was a word for this specific type of connection..
It is called 'Authority'. Please check the image below: This picture has been taken from C# 4.0 in a Nutshell: The Definitive Reference Joseph Albahari

For example: A situation needs both Fact A and Fact B to be explained, but a person accepts Fact A and rejects Fact B, misconstruing the situation? Do you think this is just ignorance or deliberate _____?.
You can call it a bias. Depending on the person's reason for rejecting fact B, you can use the name of the specific type of bias. For example, if the person chooses fact A over fact B because he already believes in fact A, it's called a confirmation bias. The tendency to prefer certain facts can be called partiality. Edit: the relation between the person and the fact they are rejecting can be called denial, and if the person does this often, you can say they engage in denialism.

I came upon this letter when reading a book, I couldn't find its name on the internet, you can imagine how hard it is to search about it. What is the name of the letter that follows 'sample space'? I know it's not really an English question, but I think this site is best fit for the question than say, the mathematics site.

It's an S written in a fraktur font used by mathematicians. This one is easy to find out using Detexify.