TASK DEFINITION: Given a context passage, generate a question from the passage such that its answer is shortest continous span from the passage.
PROBLEM: In a brief period between World War I and World War II the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, successor to the Kingdom of Serbia, formed a ''Small Entente'' loose union between Czechoslovakia, Romania and Yugoslavia.

SOLUTION: Which replaced the Kingdom of Serbia?

PROBLEM: There are records of fingerprints taken many centuries ago. The ancient Babylonians pressed the tips of their fingerprints into clay to record business trade. The Chinese used ink-on-paper finger impressions for business. However, fingerprinting wasn't used as a method for identifying criminals until the 19th century. In 1858, Sir William Herschel was working as an official of the Hooghly district in Jungipoor, India.In order to reduce fraud , he had people living in the district record their fingerprints when signing business documents. A few years later, Scottish doctor Henry Faulds was working in Japan when he discovered fingerprints left by artists on ancient pieces of clay.This finding inspired him to begin investigating fingerprints.In 1880, Faulds wrote to his cousin, the famous naturalist Charles Darwin, and asked for help with developing a fingerprint classification system.Darwin refused, but sent the letter to his cousin, Sir Francis Gallon, who was an eugenicist . Gallon began collecting fingerprints and eventually gathered some 8, 000 different samples to analyze. In 1892, he published a book called "Fingerprints", in which he outlined a fingerprint classification system--the first existence. Around the same time, Juan Vucetich, a police officer in Buenos Aires, Argentina, was developing his own version of a fingerprinting system.In 1892, Vucetich was called in to assist with the investigation of the two boys murdered in Necoche, a village near Buenos Aires. Their mother, Francisca Rojas, accused a neighbour named Velasquez. But when Vucetich compared the fingerprints found at the murder scene to those of both Velasquez and Rojas, _ matched Rojas' exactly.She admitted her crime. This was the first time fingerprints had been used in a criminal investigation.Vucetich called his system comparative dactyloscopy . It's still used in many Spanish-speaking countries. Sir Edward Henry, in charge of the Metropolitan Police of London, soon became interested in using fingerprints to catch criminals. In 1896, he added to Gallon's technique, creating his own classification system, the Henry Classification System. It is the primary method of fingerprint classification throughout most of the world.

SOLUTION: Who first came up with the idea of creating a fingerprint classification system?

PROBLEM: Scientists have been aware for many years of genetic programs that get activated under stress and produce genetic variants in cells that escape non-proliferating conditions. These programs are well conserved in all organisms and expand our view of evolution. They mediate genome instability, create diversity in antibody formation, expand metabolism and increase fitness of pathogens within host environments. Error-prone DNA replication and repair are genetic variability-causing agents that get stimulated by the onset of cellular stresses. Embedded in these programs is the ability to limit mutagenesis to defined genomic regions and times, ensuring integrity of most of the genome. Recent evidence suggests that factors involved in RNA polymerase (RNAP) processivity or transcriptional derepression contribute to the generation of stress-induced mutations. In Bacillus subtilis, transcription-associated mutagenesis has been shown to be independent of recombination-dependent repair and, in some cases, of the Y DNA polymerases. Central to stationary-phase mutagenesis in B. subtilis is the requirement for Mfd, transcription coupling repair factor, which suggests a novel mechanism from those described in other model systems.

SOLUTION:
In which phase of cell cycle does  stress-induced transcription-associated mutagenesis (TAM) occur?