Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[Q]: The 6-min walk test (6MWT) has prognostic value in various pulmonary disorders including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We determined the individual prognostic accuracy of distance walked and oxygen saturation during the 6MWT in patients with IPF. We defined a new composite index, the distance-saturation product (DSP), which is the product of distance walked and lowest oxygen saturation during the 6-min walk test. We compared the performance of the DSP to the individual 6MWT parameters in predicting mortality.', 'We evaluated pulmonary function tests, 6-min walk parameters and the DSP between survivors and non-survivors. The ability of each measure to discriminate outcomes was determined by receiver operator curves.', '81 patients (48 survivors, 33 non-survivors) were included. Pulmonary function tests were similar and did not correlate with survival. Desaturation was greater (89.4% versus 83.7%, P<0.001) and distance walked was lower (406.9 versus 181.3m, P = 0.005) in non-survivors. The DSP was significantly lower among non-survivors (364.8 versus 153.5m%, P < 0.001) and predicted mortality more accurately than either individual 6MWT component (P = 0.035 versus desaturation, P=0.040 versus distance). A DSP <200 m% was associated with a seven-fold greater risk of 12-month mortality and an 18.0% shorter median survival compared with a DSP > 200 m% (P < 0.001).
[A]: Does the distance-saturation product predict mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?


[Q]: Results from GOG 178 showed a prolongation of progression-free survival (PFS) with the immediate use of chemotherapy (CT) following a complete clinical response (CR) in patients with stage III-IV ovarian cancer. We wanted to evaluate our strategy of reserving second line (2nd line) chemotherapy to the time of clinical recurrence by determining PFS intervals following first, second, and third line agents and to compare these finding to results of GOG 178.', 'We conducted a retrospective parallel study to GOG 178 using identical criteria for PFS definitions. Patients (pts) with stage III-IV cancer achieving a CR following surgery and five to eight cycles of platinum-based CT were identified. Patients not obtaining a CR and those with a CR who underwent second look surgery were excluded. Rather than immediately beginning consolidation CT after CR, second line agents were started at recurrence and were followed by a third line when pts progressed. Clinical-pathologic characteristics were abstracted, and time intervals including time to recurrence, time to use of second line CT, time to use of third line (3rd line) CT, and survival were recorded. Time intervals were studied by Kaplan-Meier method.', 'Of 217 reviewed pts (1991-2001), 59 eligible pts were identified. Forty-nine patients had stage III disease and ten had stage IV. At completion of surgery, 44 were optimally debulked. With a median follow-up of 51 months, the median PFS (from CR) of all patients was 20 months. At 5 years, 36% of pts remain disease-free, and 66% of pts are alive. Twenty-three pts have not received second line agents, and thirty-six have received them. For all pts, the median time from CR to start of second line chemotherapy was 21 months, and the median time to start of third line agents was 43 months. Recurrences occurred after 6 months from completion of first line (1st line) therapy in 87% of cases and after 12 months in 50%.
[A]: Is timing n't everything : an analysis of when to start salvage chemotherapy in ovarian cancer?


[Q]: Increased arterial stiffness has been found in patients with chronic high-grade inflammatory diseases. Whether mitigation of low-grade systemic inflammation, through a low-cholesterol/low-saturated fat diet, may have a role in improving arterial stiffness is still untested.', 'We investigated whether variations in blood lipids and plasma C-reactive protein induced by low-cholesterol/low-saturated fat diet are associated with variations in large-artery stiffness in hypercholesterolaemia.', 'Thirty-five patients with primary hypercholesterolaemia and 15 normal control subjects were recruited for the study. Hypercholesterolaemic patients followed an 8-week low-cholesterol/low-saturated fat diet (30% total fat, 5% saturated fat, cholesterol <200 mg/daily). Anthropometric characteristics, blood lipids, plasma C-reactive protein and arterial stiffness were measured at baseline and after the diet.', 'Arterial stiffness and C-reactive protein levels were higher in hypercholesterolaemic patients than in controls. Significant reductions in body weight (2 kg, 3%), plasma total cholesterol (13.4 mg/dl, 5.3%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (11.2 mg/dl, 6.4%), C-reactive protein (0.7 mg/l, 39%) and arterial stiffness (from 8.9+/-2.0 to 8.1+/-1.9 m/s, 11%) were achieved among hypercholesterolaemic patients after the 8-week diet (P<0.05 for all). Bivariate correlations and multivariate analysis showed reduction in arterial stiffness after short-term diet to be associated with reduction of plasma C-reactive protein levels (r=0.59, beta=0.38, P<0.05 for both).
[A]:
Is attenuation of inflammation with short-term dietary intervention associated with a reduction of arterial stiffness in subjects with hypercholesterolaemia?