In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

Q: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Saffron Revolution Support Act of 
2007''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Beginning on August 19, 2007, hundreds of thousands of 
        citizens of Burma, including thousands of Buddhist monks and 
        students, participated in peaceful demonstrations against 
        rapidly deteriorating living conditions and the violent and 
        repressive policies of the State Peace and Development Council 
        (SPDC), the ruling military junta in Burma, to--
                    (A) demand the release of all political prisoners, 
                including Nobel Peace Prize laureate Aung San Suu Kyi; 
                and
                    (B) urge the SPDC to engage in meaningful dialogue 
                to pursue national reconciliation.
            (2) The SPDC, in a display of brutal barbarism, violently 
        confronted unarmed demonstrators, killing, injuring, and 
        imprisoning citizens, including several thousand Buddhist 
        monks, and continued to forcefully restrict peaceful forms of 
        public expression.
            (3) The Department of State's 2006 Reports on Human Rights 
        Practices found that the SPDC--
                    (A) routinely restricts freedoms of speech, press, 
                assembly, association, religion, and movement;
                    (B) traffics in persons;
                    (C) discriminates against women and ethnic 
                minorities;
                    (D) forcibly recruits child soldiers and child 
                labor; and
                    (E) commits other serious violations of human 
                rights, including extrajudicial killings, custodial 
                deaths, disappearances, rape, torture, abuse of 
                prisoners and detainees, and the imprisonment of 
                citizens arbitrarily for political motives.
            (4) Aung San Suu Kyi has been arbitrarily imprisoned or 
        held under house arrest for more than 12 years.
            (5) The President announced on September 25, 2007, that the 
        United States would tighten economic sanctions against Burma, 
        and block property and interests in property of certain senior 
        leaders of the SPDC, individuals who provide financial backing 
        for the SPDC, and individuals responsible for violations of 
        human rights and for impeding the transition to democracy in 
        Burma.
            (6) The President also announced on September 25, 2007, 
        that the United States would impose an expanded visa ban on 
        individuals--
                    (A) responsible for violations of human rights; and
                    (B) who aid, abet, or benefit from the SPDC's 
                efforts to impede the efforts of the people of Burma to 
                transition to democracy and ensure respect for human 
                dignity.
            (7) The Total Oil Corporation of France and the Chevron 
        Corporation of the United States own a significant stake in 
        Burma's Yadana natural gas field and pipeline and generate 
        millions of dollars in revenue that help the repressive junta 
        government maintain its grasp on power.
            (8) Burma is home to approximately 60 percent of the 
        world's native teak reserves. More than one quarter of the 
        world's internationally traded teak originates from Burma, and 
        hardwood sales, mainly of teak, represent more than 11 percent 
        of Burma's official foreign exchange earnings.
            (9) Burma officially exports tens of millions of dollars 
        worth of rubies, sapphires, pearls, jade, and other precious 
        stones each year and the SPDC owns a majority stake in all 
        mining operations within the borders of Burma.
            (10) On October 11, 2007, the United Nations Security 
        Council, with the consent of China, issued a statement 
        condemning the violence in Burma, urging the release of all 
        political prisoners, and calling on the SPDC to enter into a 
        United Nations-mediated dialogue with its political opposition.
            (11) The leaders of the SPDC will have a greater incentive 
        to cooperate with diplomatic efforts by the United Nations, the 
        Association of Southeast Asian Nations, and China if they come 
        under targeted economic pressure that denies them access to 
        personal wealth and sources of revenue.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Account; correspondent account; payable-through 
        account.--The terms ``account'', ``correspondent account'', and 
        ``payable-through account'' have the meanings given the terms 
        in section 5318A(e)(1) of title 31, United States Code.
            (2) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means the Committee on 
        Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign 
        Affairs of the House of Representatives.
            (3) Person.--The term ``person'' means--
                    (A) an individual, corporation, company, business 
                association, partnership, society, trust, any other 
                nongovernmental entity, organization, or group; and
                    (B) any successor, subunit, or subsidiary of any 
                person described in subparagraph (A).
            (4) SPDC.--The term ``SPDC'' means the State Peace and 
        Development Council.
            (5) United states person.--The term ``United States 
        person'' means--
                    (A) an individual who is a citizen of the United 
                States or who owes permanent allegiance to the United 
                States; and
                    (B) a person that is organized under the laws of 
                the United States, any State or territory thereof, or 
                the District of Columbia, if individuals described in 
                subparagraph (A) own, directly or indirectly, more than 
                50 percent of the outstanding capital stock or other 
                beneficial interest in such entity.

SEC. 4. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It is the policy of the United States to--
            (1) condemn the continued repression carried out by the 
        SPDC;
            (2) support the legitimate democratic aspirations of the 
        people of Burma;
            (3) provide all appropriate support and assistance to aid a 
        transition to democracy in Burma; and
            (4) hold accountable individuals responsible for the 
        repression of peaceful political activity in Burma.

SEC. 5. SANCTIONS.

    (a) List of Officials of the SPDC.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the 
        appropriate congressional committees a list of--
                    (A) officials of the SPDC who play or have played a 
                direct and substantial role in the repression of 
                peaceful political activity in Burma or in the 
                commission of other human rights abuses, including any 
                current or former officials of the security services 
                and judicial institutions of the SPDC; and
                    (B) any other Burmese persons who provide 
                substantial economic and political support for the 
                SPDC.
            (2) Updates.--The President shall regularly update and 
        submit the list required by paragraph (1).
    (b) Sanctions.--
            (1) Visa ban.--A person included on the list required under 
        subsection (a) shall be ineligible for a visa to enter the 
        United States.
            (2) Financial sanctions.--
                    (A) Blocked property.--No property or interest in 
                property belonging to a person described in 
                subparagraph (C) may be transferred, paid, exported, 
                withdrawn, or otherwise dealt with, if--
                            (i) the property is located in the United 
                        States or within the possession or control of a 
                        United States person, including the overseas 
                        branch of a United States person; or
                            (ii) after the date of the enactment of 
                        this Act, the property comes within the 
                        possession or control of a United States 
                        person.
                    (B) Financial transactions.--No United States 
                person may engage in a financial transaction with a 
                person described in subparagraph (C).
                    (C) Person described.--A person described in this 
                subparagraph is one of the following:
                            (i) The SPDC.
                            (ii) A person included on the list required 
                        under subsection (a).
                            (iii) An immediate family member of a 
                        person included on the list required under 
                        subsection (a), if the President determines 
                        that the person included on the list--
                                    (I) for purposes of subparagraph 
                                (A), effectively controls the property; 
                                or
                                    (II) for purposes of subparagraph 
                                (B), would benefit from a financial 
                                transaction.
    (c) Authority for Additional Banking Sanctions.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of the Treasury may, in 
        consultation with the Secretary of State, the Attorney General 
        of the United States, and the Chairman of the Board of 
        Governors of the Federal Reserve System, prohibit or impose 
        conditions on the opening or maintaining in the United States 
        of a correspondent account or payable-through account by any 
        financial institution (as that term is defined in section 5312 
        of title 31, United States Code) or financial agency that is 
        organized under the laws of a State, territory, or possession 
        of the United States, for or on behalf of a foreign banking 
        institution, if the Secretary determines that the account might 
        be used--
                    (A) by a foreign banking institution that holds 
                property or an interest in property belonging to a 
                person on the list required under subsection (a); or
                    (B) to conduct a transaction on behalf of a person 
                on the list required under subsection (a).
            (2) Authority to define terms.--The Secretary of the 
        Treasury may, by regulation, further define the terms used in 
        paragraph (1) for purposes of this section, as the Secretary 
        deems appropriate.
    (d) Termination of Sanctions.--The sanctions imposed under 
subsection (b) or (c) shall apply until the President determines and 
certifies to the appropriate congressional committees that the SPDC 
has--
            (1) unconditionally released all political prisoners, 
        including Aung San Suu Kyi and other members of the National 
        League for Democracy;
            (2) entered into a substantive dialogue with democratic 
        forces led by the National League for Democracy and the ethnic 
        minorities of Burma on transitioning to democratic government 
        under the rule of law; and
            (3) allowed humanitarian access to populations affected by 
        armed conflict in all regions of Burma.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.

SEC. 6. PROHIBITION ON IMPORTATION OF BURMESE GEMS, HARDWOODS, AND 
              OTHER ITEMS.

    Section 3(a)(1) of the Burmese Freedom and Democracy Act of 2003 
(50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended by striking ``a product of Burma.'' 
and inserting ``produced, mined, manufactured, grown, or assembled in 
Burma, including--
                    ``(A) any gemstone or rough unfinished geological 
                material mined or extracted from Burma, whether 
                imported as a loose item or as a component of a 
                finished piece of jewelry; and
                    ``(B) any teak or other hardwood timber, regardless 
                of the country in which such hardwood timber is milled, 
                sawn, or otherwise processed, whether imported in 
                unprocessed form or as a part or component of finished 
                furniture or another wood item.''.

SEC. 7. PROHIBITION ON INVESTMENT BY UNITED STATES PERSONS IN BURMA.

    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no 
United States person may invest in Burma.
    (b) Applicability.--The prohibition on investment under subsection 
(a) includes a prohibition on--
            (1) investments in Burma based on investment agreements 
        reached prior to May 20, 1997;
            (2) approval or other facilitation by a United States 
        person of an investment by a foreign person if the investment 
        would violate the prohibition in subsection (a) if made by a 
        United States person; and
            (3) payments to the SPDC by a United States person related 
        to divesting assets in Burma to comply with subsection (a).
    (c) Penalties.--The Secretary of the Treasury may impose a penalty 
under section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act 
(50 U.S.C. 1705) on a United States person that violates the 
prohibition under subsection (a).

SEC. 8. GRANTS TO ESTABLISH DATABASE OF HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES.

    The Secretary of State may award grants to nongovernmental 
organizations, universities, and other organizations to establish a 
searchable Internet database that contains evidence of human rights 
abuses carried out by the SPDC or persons associated with the SPDC.

SEC. 9. SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRACY IN BURMA.

    (a) In General.--The President is authorized to use all available 
resources to assist Burmese democracy activists who are dedicated to 
nonviolent opposition to the SPDC in their efforts to promote freedom, 
democracy, and human rights in Burma.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated $20,000,000 to the Secretary of State for each of the 
fiscal years 2008 and 2009 for the following purposes:
            (1) Aid to democracy activists in Burma.
            (2) Aid to individuals and groups conducting democracy 
        programming outside of Burma targeted at a transition to 
        democracy inside Burma.
            (3) The expansion of radio and television broadcasting into 
        Burma.
            (4) Support for individuals and groups compiling evidence 
        of--
                    (A) the SPDC's efforts to repress peaceful 
                political activity; and
                    (B) the commission of other human rights abuses by 
                the SPDC.

SEC. 10. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON USE OF INTELLIGENCE ASSETS.

    It is the sense of Congress that the Director of National 
Intelligence should utilize appropriate intelligence resources to 
identify persons responsible for--
            (1) the crackdown sponsored by the SPDC against peaceful 
        protestors that began August 19, 2007; and
            (2) ongoing gross abuses of human rights against civilians 
        in Burma.

SEC. 11. REPORT ON MILITARY AID TO BURMA.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report containing a list of 
countries that provide military aid to Burma and describing the 
military aid provided by each such country.
    (b) Military Aid Defined.--For the purposes of this section, the 
term ``military aid'' includes--
            (1) the provision of weapons, military vehicles, and 
        military aircraft;
            (2) the provision of military training; and
            (3) conducting joint military exercises.
    (c) Form.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be submitted 
in unclassified form but may include a classified annex.

A: Saffron Revolution Support Act of 2007 - States that it is U.S. policy to: (1) support the democratic aspirations of Burma's people; (2) condemn the repression carried out by the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC); and (3) hold accountable individuals responsible for the repression of peaceful political activity in Burma.

Directs the President to submit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of: (1) SPDC officials who play or have played a substantial role in political repression in Burma or in the commission of human rights abuses; and (2) other Burmese SPDC supporters.

Subjects persons so identified to U.S. entry prohibition and financial sanctions (blocked property, financial transaction prohibitions, and banking sanctions). Terminates such prohibitions upon a presidential certification to the committees that the SPDC has: (1) released all political prisoners, including Aung San Suu Kyi and other members of the National League for Democracy; (2) entered into a dialogue with democratic forces led by the National League for Democracy and the ethnic minorities of Burma on transitioning to democratic government; and (3) allowed humanitarian access to populations affected by armed conflict in all regions of Burma.

Amends the the Burmese Freedom and Democracy Act of 2003 to prohibit the importation into the United States of Burmese gems, teak, or other hardwood timber.

Prohibits any U.S. person (as defined by this Act) from investing in Burma.

Authorizes: (1) the Secretary of State to award grants to nongovernmental organizations, universities, and other organizations to establish an Internet database of SPDC human rights abuses; and (2) the President to assist nonviolent democracy activists in their efforts to promote freedom, democracy, and human rights in Burma.

Directs the Secretary to report to the appropriate committees respecting countries that provide military aid to Burma.
****
Q: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Federal Ocean Acidification Research 
And Monitoring Act of 2009'' or the ``FOARAM Act''.

SEC. 2. PURPOSES.

    (a) Purposes.--The purposes of this Act are to provide for--
            (1) development and coordination of a comprehensive 
        interagency plan to--
                    (A) monitor and conduct research on the processes 
                and consequences of ocean acidification on marine 
                organisms and ecosystems; and
                    (B) establish an interagency research and 
                monitoring program on ocean acidification;
            (2) establishment of an ocean acidification program within 
        the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;
            (3) assessment and consideration of regional and national 
        ecosystem and socioeconomic impacts of increased ocean 
        acidification; and
            (4) research adaptation strategies and techniques for 
        effectively conserving marine ecosystems as they cope with 
        increased ocean acidification.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Ocean acidification.--The term ``ocean acidification'' 
        means the decrease in pH of the Earth's oceans and changes in 
        ocean chemistry caused by chemical inputs from the atmosphere, 
        including carbon dioxide.
            (2) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Commerce, acting through the Administrator of the National 
        Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
            (3) Subcommittee.--The term ``Subcommittee'' means the 
        Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology of the 
        National Science and Technology Council.

SEC. 4. INTERAGENCY SUBCOMMITTEE.

    (a) Designation.--
            (1) In general.--The Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science 
        and Technology of the National Science and Technology Council 
        shall coordinate Federal activities on ocean acidification and 
        establish an interagency working group.
            (2) Membership.--The interagency working group on ocean 
        acidification shall be comprised of senior representatives from 
        the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the 
        National Science Foundation, the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration, the United States Geological Survey, the United 
        States Fish and Wildlife Service, and such other Federal 
        agencies as appropriate.
            (3) Chairman.--The interagency working group shall be 
        chaired by the representative from the National Oceanic and 
        Atmospheric Administration.
    (b) Duties.--The Subcommittee shall--
            (1) develop the strategic research and monitoring plan to 
        guide Federal research on ocean acidification required under 
        section 5 of this Act and oversee the implementation of the 
        plan;
            (2) oversee the development of--
                    (A) an assessment of the potential impacts of ocean 
                acidification on marine organisms and marine 
                ecosystems; and
                    (B) adaptation and mitigation strategies to 
                conserve marine organisms and ecosystems exposed to 
                ocean acidification;
            (3) facilitate communication and outreach opportunities 
        with nongovernmental organizations and members of the 
        stakeholder community with interests in marine resources;
            (4) coordinate the United States Federal research and 
        monitoring program with research and monitoring programs and 
        scientists from other nations; and
            (5) establish or designate an Ocean Acidification 
        Information Exchange to make information on ocean acidification 
        developed through or utilized by the interagency ocean 
        acidification program accessible through electronic means, 
        including information which would be useful to policymakers, 
        researchers, and other stakeholders in mitigating or adapting 
        to the impacts of ocean acidification.
    (c) Reports to Congress.--
            (1) Initial report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
        of enactment of this Act, the Subcommittee shall transmit a 
        report to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
        Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science and 
        Technology and the Committee on Natural Resources of the House 
        of Representatives that--
                    (A) includes a summary of federally funded ocean 
                acidification research and monitoring activities, 
                including the budget for each of these activities; and
                    (B) describes the progress in developing the plan 
                required under section 5 of this Act.
            (2) Biennial report.--Not later than 2 years after the 
        delivery of the initial report under paragraph (1) and every 2 
        years thereafter, the Subcommittee shall transmit a report to 
        the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
        Senate and the Committee on Science and Technology and the 
        Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives 
        that includes--
                    (A) a summary of federally funded ocean 
                acidification research and monitoring activities, 
                including the budget for each of these activities; and
                    (B) an analysis of the progress made toward 
                achieving the goals and priorities for the interagency 
                research plan developed by the Subcommittee under 
                section 5.
            (3) Strategic research plan.--Not later than 2 years after 
        the date of enactment of this Act, the Subcommittee shall 
        transmit the strategic research plan developed under section 5 
        to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of 
        the Senate and the Committee on Science and Technology and the 
        Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives. 
        A revised plan shall be submitted at least once every 5 years 
        thereafter.

SEC. 5. STRATEGIC RESEARCH PLAN.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Subcommittee shall develop a strategic plan for 
Federal research and monitoring on ocean acidification that will 
provide for an assessment of the impacts of ocean acidification on 
marine organisms and marine ecosystems and the development of 
adaptation and mitigation strategies to conserve marine organisms and 
marine ecosystems. In developing the plan, the Subcommittee shall 
consider and use information, reports, and studies of ocean 
acidification that have identified research and monitoring needed to 
better understand ocean acidification and its potential impacts, and 
recommendations made by the National Academy of Sciences in the review 
of the plan required under subsection (d).
    (b) Contents of the Plan.--The plan shall--
            (1) provide for interdisciplinary research among the ocean 
        sciences, and coordinated research and activities to improve 
        the understanding of ocean chemistry that will affect marine 
        ecosystems;
            (2) establish, for the 10-year period beginning in the year 
        the plan is submitted, the goals and priorities for Federal 
        research and monitoring which will--
                    (A) advance understanding of ocean acidification 
                and its physical, chemical, and biological impacts on 
                marine organisms and marine ecosystems;
                    (B) improve the ability to assess the socioeconomic 
                impacts of ocean acidification; and
                    (C) provide information for the development of 
                adaptation and mitigation strategies to conserve marine 
                organisms and marine ecosystems;
            (3) describe specific activities, including--
                    (A) efforts to determine user needs;
                    (B) research activities;
                    (C) monitoring activities;
                    (D) technology and methods development;
                    (E) data collection;
                    (F) database development;
                    (G) modeling activities;
                    (H) assessment of ocean acidification impacts; and
                    (I) participation in international research 
                efforts;
            (4) identify relevant programs and activities of the 
        Federal agencies that contribute to the interagency program 
        directly and indirectly and set forth the role of each Federal 
        agency in implementing the plan;
            (5) consider and utilize, as appropriate, reports and 
        studies conducted by Federal agencies, the National Research 
        Council, or other entities;
            (6) make recommendations for the coordination of the ocean 
        acidification research and monitoring activities of the United 
        States with such activities of other nations and international 
        organizations;
            (7) outline budget requirements for Federal ocean 
        acidification research and monitoring and assessment activities 
        to be conducted by each agency under the plan;
            (8) identify the monitoring systems and sampling programs 
        currently employed in collecting data relevant to ocean 
        acidification and prioritize additional monitoring systems that 
        may be needed to ensure adequate data collection and monitoring 
        of ocean acidification and its impacts; and
            (9) describe specific activities designed to facilitate 
        outreach and data and information exchange with stakeholder 
        communities.
    (c) Program Elements.--The plan shall include at a minimum the 
following program elements:
            (1) Monitoring of ocean chemistry and biological impacts 
        associated with ocean acidification at selected coastal and 
        open-ocean monitoring stations, including satellite-based 
        monitoring to characterize--
                    (A) marine ecosystems;
                    (B) changes in marine productivity; and
                    (C) changes in surface ocean chemistry.
            (2) Research to understand the species specific 
        physiological responses of marine organisms to ocean 
        acidification, impacts on marine food webs of ocean 
        acidification, and to develop environmental and ecological 
        indices that track marine ecosystem responses to ocean 
        acidification.
            (3) Modeling to predict changes in the ocean carbon cycle 
        as a function of carbon dioxide and atmosphere-induced changes 
        in temperature, ocean circulation, biogeochemistry, ecosystem 
        and terrestrial input, and modeling to determine impacts on 
        marine ecosystems and individual marine organisms.
            (4) Technology development and standardization of carbonate 
        chemistry measurements on moorings and autonomous floats.
            (5) Assessment of socioeconomic impacts of ocean 
        acidification and development of adaptation and mitigation 
        strategies to conserve marine organisms and marine ecosystems.
    (d) National Academy of Sciences Evaluation.--The Secretary shall 
enter into an agreement with the National Academy of Sciences to review 
the plan.
    (e) Public Participation.--In developing the plan, the Subcommittee 
shall consult with representatives of academic, State, industry and 
environmental groups. Not later than 90 days before the plan, or any 
revision thereof, is submitted to the Congress, the plan shall be 
published in the Federal Register for a public comment period of not 
less than 60 days.

SEC. 6. NOAA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish and maintain an 
ocean acidification program within the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration to conduct research, monitoring, and other activities 
consistent with the strategic research and implementation plan 
developed by the Subcommittee under section 5 that--
            (1) includes--
                    (A) interdisciplinary research among the ocean and 
                atmospheric sciences, and coordinated research and 
                activities to improve understanding of ocean 
                acidification;
                    (B) the establishment of a long-term monitoring 
                program of ocean acidification utilizing existing 
                global and national ocean observing assets, and adding 
                instrumentation and sampling stations as appropriate to 
                the aims of the research program;
                    (C) research to identify and develop adaptation 
                strategies and techniques for effectively conserving 
                marine ecosystems as they cope with increased ocean 
                acidification;
                    (D) as an integral part of the research programs 
                described in this Act, educational opportunities that 
                encourage an interdisciplinary and international 
                approach to exploring the impacts of ocean 
                acidification;
                    (E) as an integral part of the research programs 
                described in this Act, national public outreach 
                activities to improve the understanding of current 
                scientific knowledge of ocean acidification and its 
                impacts on marine resources; and
                    (F) coordination of ocean acidification monitoring 
                and impacts research with other appropriate 
                international ocean science bodies such as the 
                International Oceanographic Commission, the 
                International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, 
                the North Pacific Marine Science Organization, and 
                others;
            (2) provides grants for critical research projects that 
        explore the effects of ocean acidification on ecosystems and 
        the socioeconomic impacts of increased ocean acidification that 
        are relevant to the goals and priorities of the strategic 
        research plan; and
            (3) incorporates a competitive merit-based process for 
        awarding grants that may be conducted jointly with other 
        participating agencies or under the National Oceanographic 
        Partnership Program under section 7901 of title 10, United 
        States Code.
    (b) Additional Authority.--In conducting the Program, the Secretary 
may enter into and perform such contracts, leases, grants, or 
cooperative agreements as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of 
this Act on such terms as the Secretary considers appropriate.

SEC. 7. NSF OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

    (a) Research Activities.--The Director of the National Science 
Foundation shall continue to carry out research activities on ocean 
acidification which shall support competitive, merit-based, peer-
reviewed proposals for research and monitoring of ocean acidification 
and its impacts, including--
            (1) impacts on marine organisms and marine ecosystems;
            (2) impacts on ocean, coastal, and estuarine 
        biogeochemistry; and
            (3) the development of methodologies and technologies to 
        evaluate ocean acidification and its impacts.
    (b) Consistency.--The research activities shall be consistent with 
the strategic research plan developed by the Subcommittee under section 
5.
    (c) Coordination.--The Director shall encourage coordination of the 
Foundation's ocean acidification activities with such activities of 
other nations and international organizations.

SEC. 8. NASA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

    (a) Ocean Acidification Activities.--The Administrator of the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, in coordination with 
other relevant agencies, shall ensure that space-based monitoring 
assets are used in as productive a manner as possible for monitoring of 
ocean acidification and its impacts.
    (b) Program Consistency.--The Administrator shall ensure that the 
Agency's research and monitoring activities on ocean acidification are 
carried out in a manner consistent with the strategic research plan 
developed by the Subcommittee under section 5.
    (c) Coordination.--The Administrator shall encourage coordination 
of the Agency's ocean acidification activities with such activities of 
other nations and international organizations.

SEC. 9. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) NOAA.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the National 
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to carry out the purposes of 
this Act--
            (1) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
            (2) $12,000,000 for fiscal year 2010;
            (3) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; and
            (4) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2012.
    (b) NSF.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the National 
Science Foundation to carry out the purposes of this Act--
            (1) $6,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
            (2) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2010;
            (3) $12,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; and
            (4) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2012.

A: Federal Ocean Acidification Research And Monitoring Act of 2009 or FOARAM Act - Defines "ocean acidification," for this Act, as the decrease in pH of the Earth's oceans and changes in ocean chemistry caused by chemical inputs from the atmosphere, including carbon dioxide.

Requires that the Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology of the National Science and Technology Council coordinate federal activities on ocean acidification and establish an interagency working group.

Requires the Subcommittee to develop a strategic plan for federal ocean acidification research and monitoring that provides, among other things, for the development of adaptation and mitigation strategies. Directs the Secretary of Commerce, through the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), to enter into an agreement with the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to review the plan.

Directs the Secretary to establish and maintain an ocean acidification program in NOAA to conduct research, monitoring, and other activities, including: (1) providing grants for critical research projects exploring the ecosystem and socioeconomic impacts of ocean acidification; and (2) incorporating a competitive merit-based process for awarding grants that may be conducted jointly with other participating agencies or under the National Oceanographic Partnership Program.

Requires the National Science Foundation (NSF) director to continue to carry out ocean acidification research supporting competitive, merit-based, peer-reviewed proposals for research and monitoring of ocean acidification and its impacts.

Requires the administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to ensure that space-based monitoring assets are used in as productive a manner as possible for the monitoring of ocean acidification and its impacts.
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Q: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Federal Asset Management Improvement 
Act of 1999''.

                 TITLE I--IMPROVED PROPERTY MANAGEMENT

SEC. 101. PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT.

    (a) Performance Measures Required.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator, in consultation with 
        the heads of executive agencies, shall establish performance 
        measures to determine the effectiveness of Federal property 
        management. The performance measures shall be designed to--
                    (A) enable the Congress and heads of executive 
                agencies to track progress in the achievement of 
                property management objectives on a governmentwide 
                basis; and
                    (B) allow for comparing the performance of 
                executive agencies against industry and other public 
                sector agencies in terms of performance.
            (2) Use of existing data and data collection tools.--In 
        developing and implementing the performance measures, the 
        Administrator shall use existing data sources and automated 
        data collection tools to the maximum extent practical.
    (b) Executive Agencies.--The head of each executive agency shall--
            (1) monitor the performance of the agency against the 
        performance measures established under subsection (a); and
            (2) report the results of such monitoring to the Congress 
        in the agency's budget submission under section 1105 of title 
        31, United States Code.
    (c) Management Plan.--Within 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator of General Services shall 
submit to the Congress a program management plan describing--
            (1) how the program established by this Act will be 
        implemented;
            (2) individuals who will exercise operational authority 
        over the program;
            (3) the qualifications of such individuals; and
            (4) a timeline for implementation of the program.

                 TITLE II--PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS

SEC. 201. PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AUTHORITY.

    Title II of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 
1949 (40 U.S.C. 481 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``Sec. 213. (a) The Administrator may enter into agreements for the 
creation of one or more public-private partnerships with a 
nongovernmental person, the purpose of which shall be (1) to lease 
Federal real property under the terms of subsection (c), and (2) to 
develop, rehabilitate, or renovate facilities on such leased property 
for the use, in whole or part, by executive agencies. The public-
private partnership may be a limited liability company, limited 
partnership, corporation, business trust, or other form of entity, as 
the Administrator may designate. The nongovernmental person shall 
exercise control of the management of the public-private partnership, 
and shall hold a majority interest in ownership and profits of the 
public-private partnership.
    ``(b) Each agreement entered into pursuant to this section--
            ``(1) shall have as its primary purpose the enhancement of 
        the functional and economic efficiency of Federal real 
        property;
            ``(2) shall be negotiated pursuant to such procedures as 
        the Administrator considers necessary to promote competition 
        and protect the public interest;
            ``(3) shall provide a lease option to the United States to 
        occupy space in the facilities acquired, constructed, or 
        rehabilitated by the public-private partnership, but shall not 
        guarantee occupancy by the United States;
            ``(4) shall describe the consideration, duties, and 
        responsibilities for which the United States and the 
        nongovernmental person are responsible and may provide for the 
        alteration, repair, or improvement of the real property as part 
        or all of the consideration of the nongovernmental person, 
        notwithstanding any provision of law, including the Act of June 
        30, 1932 (chapter 314; 40 U.S.C. 303b);
            ``(5) shall provide--
                    ``(A) that the United States shall not be liable 
                for any actions, debts, or liability of any person 
                created by such agreement; and
                    ``(B) that no person is authorized by the agreement 
                to execute any instrument or document creating or 
                evidencing any indebtedness unless such instrument or 
                document specifically disclaims any liability of the 
                United States under the instrument or document; and
            ``(6) shall provide that the leasehold interests of the 
        United States are senior to that of any lender to the 
        nongovernmental person.
Paragraph (6) shall not impair the ability of a public-private 
partnership to pledge as collateral its leasehold interest under a 
lease with the United States entered into pursuant to the terms of 
subsection (c).
    ``(c)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, including 
sections 202 and 203 of this Act, the Administrator may lease real 
property to a public-private partnership created under this section in 
furtherance of agreements under subsection (a).
    ``(2) Master leases under this subsection may be for such period as 
the Administrator determines appropriate.
    ``(3) The Administrator may dispose of equity interest controlled 
by the United States in any public-private partnership created under 
this section whenever determined by the Administrator to be beneficial 
to the United States, if the Administrator receives the estimated fair 
market value of such interests. Proceeds from such disposal shall be 
deposited into the fund created by section 210(f).
    ``(4) Real property leased under this subsection shall not be 
considered unutilized or underutilized for purposes of section 501 of 
the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act and may be leased under 
this subsection without regard to any other provision of law.
    ``(d) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the 
Administrator, or his or her designee, may provide services to a 
public-private partnership created under this section on such terms as 
the Administrator considers appropriate.
    ``(e)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the 
Administrator may retain and use any revenues derived from agreements 
entered into under this section for the physical improvement of Federal 
real property.
    ``(2) At the discretion of the Administrator, revenues from master 
leases authorized by this section shall be deposited into the fund 
established by section 210(f), or deposited into the general fund of 
the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts.
    ``(3) Net revenues received by the Administrator from public-
private partnerships created under this section, other than proceeds 
from master leases of real property, shall be deposited in the fund 
established by section 210(f).
    ``(f) Upon request of the head of an executive agency, the 
Administrator shall delegate to the head of the executive agency 
authority of the Administrator under subsections (a) through (e).
    ``(g) The Administrator shall prepare and transmit to the Congress 
a business plan regarding each agreement with a nongovernmental person 
under this section not later than 30 days before the date on which the 
Administrator enters into the agreement. The business plan shall 
identify the property that the Administrator proposes to make available 
under the agreement, an explanation of the agreement, the name, 
resources, and qualifications of the nongovernmental person, the 
factors in support of the proposed project, and performance measures by 
which the proposed project will be measured.
    ``(h) The Administrator shall describe, in the budget submitted by 
the President pursuant to section 1105 of title 31, United States Code, 
the projected economic performance, including expenditures and 
receipts, arising from agreements entered into pursuant this section.
    ``(i) In this section:
            ``(1) The term `nongovernmental person' means a person that 
        is not an executive agency.
            ``(2) The term `master lease' means a conveyance of Federal 
        real property to a public-private partnership created under 
        this section through a lease entered into by the Administrator 
        with the public-private partnership.''.

SEC. 202. REPORTS.

    (a) Office of the Administrator.--Not later than 5 years after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of General Services 
shall submit to the Congress a report on the use by executive agencies 
of the authorities provided by this Act. The report shall--
            (1) assess the effectiveness of the authority to enter into 
        agreements to enhance the value of the properties subject to 
        the agreements; and
            (2) review the performance measures included in the 
        explanatory statements submitted pursuant to section 201.
    (b) Report of the Comptroller General.--Not later than 5 years 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the 
United States shall submit to the Congress a report on the use by 
executive agencies of the authorities provided by this Act.

A:
Title II: Public-Private Partnerships
 - Amends the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 to authorize the Administrator to enter into agreements for the creation of one or more public-private partnerships to: (1) lease Federal real property; and (2) develop, rehabilitate, or renovate facilities on such property for use by executive agencies. Requires the Administrator to prepare and submit to Congress at least 30 days before entering into such an agreement a business plan regarding each agreement.
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