TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: This man had a brother named Johann Michael, who was also a notable composer. This composer's two oratorios are called The Seasons and The Creation. This composer's string quartets are compiled into groups such as "Erdody" and "Sun," and because he wrote many of them, he is often called the "Father of String Quartets."  This composer wrote over 100 symphonies, including ones nicknamed "Clock," "Surprise," and "Farewell."  For 10 points, name this Austrian composer often called the "Father of the Symphony."

SOLUTION: Fine Arts

PROBLEM: In one painting with this name, a man in red with his hand extended behind his back heads toward the main figure, who is collapsed on the ground; that painting is by James Barry. On the left side of this painting, a red-clad runner approaches the scene waving his hat in his left hand and holding a flag in his right. The two rightmost people in this painting both look at the title figure with their hands (*) clasped. The figures in this painting are depicted wearing contemporary clothing, despite Joshua Reynolds' insistence that the artist dress them in classical clothing. A native American in a pose similar to The Thinker is looking at the title figure of this painting. For 10 points, name this painting of the final moments of a British general by Benjamin West.

SOLUTION: Fine Arts

PROBLEM: In the pituitary gland, stimulation by LHRH causes repeated spikes in the cytosolic concentration of this ion, while the TRP channel opens in response to low levels of this ion in the endoplasmic reticulum. This ion is necessary for the formation of tight junctions, and cell-cell adhesion is prevented in solutions deficient in this ion, but only when expressing E-cadherin. A rise in the concentration of this ion causes secretion of insulin, and myosin light-chain kinase is activated by a complex of four of these ions and a certain protein. For 10 points, name this ion that binds to calmodulin and is stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, best known for being the most prevalent cation in bone matrix.

SOLUTION:
Science