Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
--------
Question: Context: Sepsis is an emergency condition with high mortality and morbidity rate. There are limited data on the association of cancer as a risk factor for mortality in sepsis patients in the emergency department (ED).', 'This retrospective study was conducted at the ED, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. The study period was between January 1st and December 31st, 2014. The inclusion criteria were as follows: adult patients over 15 years of age who presented at the ED with suspicion of sepsis, received treatment at the ED, and whose blood culture was found to be positive. Clinical data were recorded from medical records including the Mortality in Emergency Department Sepsis score (MEDS score). The primary outcome of this study was mortality at one month. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with death.', 'During the study period, there were 775 eligible patients. The two most common pathogens identified from blood cultures were Staphylococcus aureus (193 patients; 24.9%) and Escherichia coli (158 patients; 20.4%). At one month after presenting at the ED, 110 patients (14.2%) had died. There were four significant factors for death, having cancer, being on an endotracheal tube, initial diagnosis of bacteremia, and high MED scores. Having cancer had an adjusted OR of 2.12 (95% CI of 1.29, 3.47).
Answer: Cancer patients have double the risk of mortality if presenting with sepsis at the ED.

Answer: Do cancer Patients Are at High Risk of Mortality if Presenting with Sepsis at an Emergency Department?


Question: Context: Bradykinin is a neuropeptide released after tissue damage which plays an important role in inflammatory pain. The up-regulation of the bradykinin B1 receptor in response to inflammation makes it an attractive target for drug development. Aim was to investigate if the selective B1 receptor antagonist BI113823 reduces inflammation-induced mechanical hyperalgesia and if the effect is mediated via peripheral and/or spinal B1 receptor antagonism.', "Electrophysiological recordings of peripheral afferents and spinal neurons were combined with behavioural experiments to better understand the underlying mechanisms of B1 receptor antagonism. Experiments were performed 24\u2009h after injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or saline into the paw of Wistar rats. A gene expression analysis for the B1 receptor was performed in different tissues. BI113823 was administered orally or intrathecally to assess effects on CFA-induced hyperalgesia. Peripheral afferents of the saphenous nerve as well as spinal wide dynamic range (WDR) and nociceptive-specific (NS) neurons were recorded, and mechanosensitivity was measured before and after BI113823 administration.", 'BI113823 reduced CFA-induced mechanical hyperalgesia when administered orally or intrathecally. An increased B1 receptor gene expression was found in peripheral and spinal neural tissue. BI113823 significantly reduced mechanosensitivity of peripheral afferents and spinal NS neurons, but had no effect on WDR neurons.
Answer: The selective bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist BI113823 reduces CFA-induced mechanical hyperalgesia which is mediated via antagonism of peripheral as well as spinal bradykinin B1 receptors. The selective modulation of CFA-sensitized spinal NS neurons by BI113823 could be a promising property for the treatment of inflammatory pain.

Answer: Does the bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist BI113823 reverse inflammatory hyperalgesia by desensitization of peripheral and spinal neurons?


Question: Context: The checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) functions not only in genotoxic stresses but also in normal cell cycle progression, particularly in the initiation, progression and fidelity of unperturbed mitosis. In this study, we investigated the role of Chk1 in regulating the metaphase-anaphase transition in mammalian cells.', 'The mitotic progression was monitored by flow cytometry analysis. The levels of cyclin B1, Cdc20 and Mad2 were measured by Western blotting. Metaphase chromosome alignment and the subcellular localization of Cdc20 and Mad2 were analyzed by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy.', 'Cyclin B1 degradation and the metaphase-anaphase transition were severely blocked by Chk1 siRNA. Depletion of Chk1 induced chromosome alignment defect in metaphase cells. The kinetochore localization of Cdc20, Mad2 was disrupted in Chk1 depleted cells. Chk1 abrogation also dramatically reduced the protein expression levels of Cdc20 and Mad2.
Answer: These results strongly suggest that Chk1 is required for the metaphase-anaphase transition via regulating the subcellular localization and the expression of Cdc20 and Mad2.

Answer:
Is chk1 required for the metaphase-anaphase transition via regulating the expression and localization of Cdc20 and Mad2?