In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

Leon Gambetta attempted to organize one side's defenses in this war, but fled in a hot air balloon. The Treaty of Frankfurt ended this war, in which the Battle of Sedan was fought. One cause of this war was the possibility of Leopold of Hohenzollern gaining the Spanish throne. Another cause of this war was an edited letter between the ambassador of one country in this war and Wilhelm I. That document known as the Ems Dispatch was used to advance the goals of Otto von Bismarck. For 10 points, name this 1870-1871 war between two European nations that led to German unification.
History

composed a set of works dedicated to Grand Duke Paul of Russia that includes pieces such as "The Birds" and "How Do You Do" and one finale contains various pauses to confuse the audience, titled "The Joke. " One of his works contains the "Ewiger, machtiger Gott" chorus towards the end of its "Spring" movement. Another set of his works are occaisonally named for his collaborator Johann Salomon, including one whose second movement contains an 8-note accompaniment by the bassoons that imitates the ticking of the title device, and another which derives its name from the loud G chord in its sixteenth measure. For 10 points, identify this composer of the Clock and Surprise symphonies.
Fine Arts

One of these succeeded Turanshah after their successful military action forced the French to leave and netted them a substantial ransom. Aybak, however, was soon killed and succeeded by another of his kind, who defied Hulagu Khan and defeated the Mongol army at Ain Jalut. Another razed Antioch and fought Edward I of England. The average lifespan of such rulers was about seven years, and in India, they formed the first dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. From 1747 to 1831, they ruled Iraq, though in the country they would be mainly associated with, all were killed or dispersed in 1811 by Muhammed Ali. Some of them served as foreigners in Napoleons Guard, still carrying their scimitars and riding their horses. That service harked back to their very beginning, when they were prized for having no link to any established power structure. FTP, name these Islamic slave soldiers who originally came from the Caucasus.

History