Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[Q]: Context: To find sensitive and specific laboratory examination items for early diagnosing and monitoring liver transplantation reject reaction.', 'Randomly investigate 41 liver transplantation patients, among them there were 16 patients with reject reaction (including 12 with acute rejection, 4 with chronic rejection). Plasma soluble thrombomodulin (STM) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) levels were measured before operation and every other day after operation.', 'Plasma STM level increased significantly after operation, two days before rejection and after acute rejection (5.58 ng/ml +/- 0.42 ng/ml, 5.93 ng/ml +/- 0.45 ng/ml, and 7.88 ng/ml +/- 0.29 ng/ml, respectively), so did vWF level (101.2% +/- 4.68%, 104.3% +/- 5.78%, and 127.7% +/- 5.74%, respectively). STM level was much higher in acute rejection than that in chronic rejection (7.88 ng/ml +/- 0.29 ng/ml vs. 6.35 ng/ml +/- 0.54 ng/ml, t = 2.46, P < 0.05), in no reaction group after impacting therapy than in effective group (8.30 ng/ml +/- 0.19 ng/ml vs. 3.82 ng/ml +/- 0.22 ng/ml, t = 12.98, P < 0.01), and in dead group after treatment than in living group (7.98 ng/ml +/- 0.18 ng/ml vs. 6.51 ng/ml +/- 0.41 ng/ml, t = 3.39, P < 0.01).
Answer: Plasma STM and vWF can be taken as laboratory items for monitoring liver transplantation rejection. Plasma STM can act as not only an early prognosticating marker, but also suitable to distinguish acute from chronic reject reaction, and as a marker for monitoring impacting therapy effect and judging prognosis.
[A]: Do [ Values of soluble thrombomodulin and von Willebrand factor judging reject reaction in liver transplantation ]?


[Q]: Context: Dyschloremia is common in critically ill patients, although its impact has not been well studied. We investigated the epidemiology of dyschloremia and its associations with the incidence of acute kidney injury and other intensive care unit outcomes.', 'This is a single-center, retrospective cohort study at Mayo Clinic Hospital-Rochester. All adult patients admitted to intensive care units from January 1st, 2006, through December 30th, 2012 were included. Patients with known acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease stage 5 before intensive care unit admission were excluded. We evaluated the association of dyschloremia with ICU outcomes, after adjustments for the effect of age, gender, Charlson comorbidity index and severity of illness score.', 'A total of 6,025 patients were enrolled in the final analysis following the implementation of eligibility criteria. From the cohort, 1,970 patients (33%) developed acute kidney injury. Of the total patients enrolled, 4,174 had a baseline serum chloride. In this group, 1,530 (37%) had hypochloremia, and 257 (6%) were hyperchloremic. The incidence of acute kidney injury was higher in hypochloremic and hyperchloremic patients compared to those with a normal serum chloride level (43% vs.30% and 34% vs. 30%, respectively; P < .001). Baseline serum chloride was lower in the acute kidney injury group vs. the non-acute kidney injury group [100 mmol/L (96-104) vs. 102 mmol/L (98-105), P < .0001]. In a multivariable logistic regression model, baseline serum chloride of ≤94 mmol/L found to be independently associated with the risk of acute kidney injury (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.6; P = .01).
Answer: Dyschloremia is common in critically ill patients, and severe hypochloremia is independently associated with an increased risk of development of acute kidney injury.
[A]: Does dyschloremia be a Risk Factor for the Development of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients?


[Q]: Context: The aim of this research was to describe nomograms of brainstem auditory evoked potentials, oscillating stimulation of the vestibular organs and ultrastructural research methodology of a spiral organ of guinea-pigs.', "For the experimental purposes 60 guinea-pigs of both sexes, weight 250-300 grams, were used as research materials. After general anesthesia with Ketalar dosed 100 milligrams per kilogram and with Fentanyl dosed 0.1 milliliter per kilogram of the body mass, brainstem auditory evoked potentials were registered and the oscillating chair test (no prior anesthesia). Was placed on an assistant's knees, who was sitting on a chair. Then the guinea-pigs were anesthetized with 35 per cent solution of chloral hydrate intraperitoneally (dosed 1 milliliter per kilogram of the body mass). For electron microscopic research membranous helix was collected bilaterally by the method of micropreparation. Qualitative observation was conducted in the Philips' electron microscope (EM 300).", 'On the basis of the obtained results it was concluded that the time of transmission between elements P1-P2 is constant and figures between 3.1 and 3.6 ms independently from a force of stimulation. Vestibular organs of a guinea-pig are more sensitive to high accelerations (17-12 degree/s2) than human vestibularl organs. However, their reaction is much weaker to lower accelerations (12-0 degree/s2).
Answer: The processed nomograms of the brainstem auditory evoked potentials, oscillating stimulation of vestibular organs and methodology of ultrastructural research in guinea-pigs' spiral organs are expected to facilitate using them in experimental research.
[A]:
Do [ Guinea pig as often object to otoneurological experimental examinations ]?