instruction:
In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling
question:
however, we now specifically overrule the holdings in the case of city of kingfisher v. altizer, 13 okla. 121, 74 p. 107, and other cases of similar import of effect that plaintiff in an action for personal injury need not in any case submit to a physical examination.
answer:
overruling


question:
see id. like in any proximate cause analysis, an intervening event may break the chain of causation between the allegedly wrongful act and the plaintiff's injury.
answer:
non-overruling


question:
gaines, 292 f.3d at 1224.
answer:

non-overruling