TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
PROBLEM: Human rhinovirus (HRV) remains a leading cause of several human diseases including the common cold. Despite considerable research over the last 60 years, development of an effective vaccine to HRV has been viewed by many as unfeasible due, in part, to the antigenic diversity of circulating HRVs in nature. Over 150 antigenically distinct types of HRV are currently known which span three species: HRV A, HRV B, and HRV C. Early attempts to develop a rhinovirus vaccine have shown that inactivated HRV is capable of serving as a strong immunogen and inducing neutralizing antibodies. Yet, limitations to virus preparation and recovery, continued identification of antigenic variants of HRV, and logistical challenges pertaining to preparing a polyvalent preparation of the magnitude required for true efficacy against circulating rhinoviruses continue to prove a daunting challenge. In this review, we describe HRV biology, antigenic diversity, and past and present advances in HRV vaccine design.

SOLUTION: MINI REVIEW Rhinovirus Biology, Antigenic Diversity, and Advancements in the Design of a Human Rhinovirus Vaccine

PROBLEM: This article employs a state-of-the-art panel threshold model by allowing for regime intercepts, in order to shed new light on the asymmetric/ nonlinear effects of local and global sentiments on expected industry stock returns among 11 Asian countries during the period from 1996 to 2010. Empirical evidence demonstrates that once the regime intercept is included, the asymmetric effects of global sentiment on oil & gas, financials, and health care industry returns become less under optimism, as compared with under pessimism. More critically, the positive (negative) impact of global sentiment above (under) the threshold turns significant, indicating that global optimism leads industry returns to be overvalued, while pessimism leads them to be undervalued. For local market sentiment, our results support that higher local sentiment enhances the returns of basic materials, telecommunications, and utilities industries. The empirical results confirm that the nexus of industry returns and investor sentiments is subject to change between different sentimental intervals.

SOLUTION: Asymmetric effects of investor sentiment on industry stock returns: Panel data evidence

PROBLEM: Background: Lactoferrin (Lf) is an 80 kDa iron-binding glycoprotein of the transferrin family. It is abundant in milk and in most biological fluids and is a cell-secreted molecule that bridges innate and adaptive immune function in mammals. Its protective effects range from anticancer, anti-inflammatory and immune modulator activities to antimicrobial activities against a large number of microorganisms. This wide range of activities is made possible by mechanisms of action involving not only the capacity of Lf to bind iron but also interactions of Lf with molecular and cellular components of both hosts and pathogens. Scope of review: This review summarizes the activities of Lf, its regulation and potential applications. Major conclusions: The extensive uses of Lf in the treatment of various infectious diseases in animals and humans has been the driving force in Lf research however, a lot of work is required to obtain a better understanding of its activity. General significance: The large potential applications of Lf have led scientists to develop this nutraceutical protein for use in feed, food and pharmaceutical applications. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Molecular Mechanisms of Iron Transport and Disorders. j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. e l s ev i e r. c o m / l o c a t e / b b a g e n primates, 7 even-toed ungulates, 1 pig, 1 cat, and 1 mouse. Pairwise sequence identities ranged from a minimum of~78% to nearly 100%. The main outliers in this group were Lfs from primates, in which human and chimpanzee are quite similar (95-98%) when compared to orangutan (79%). On the other hand, horse and camel; pig, cow, yak, water buffalo, bull, and goat Lfs share 81 and 78% of sequence identity respectively when compared to human Lf as outgroup. The sequence relationships given above show that the Lfs form a highly conserved sequence family, and also sequence identity between Lfs and other Tfs is relatively high at 60-65% [19] . A characteristic feature of Lfs is their highly basic character, with a pI typically greater than 9; this property is typically predictable from their sequence. Structurally, the feature that most readily distinguishes Lfs from Tfs is the peptide linker between the two lobes, thought to have evolved from an ancient duplication event [20] , which also contains several proline residues. Lf is an 80 kDa glycosylated protein of~700 amino acids, with a high homology among species. It is comprised of a simple polypeptide chain folded into two symmetrical lobes (the N-lobe and C-lobe), which are highly homologous with one another (33-41% homology). The two lobes are connected via a hinge region containing parts of an α-helix between amino acids 333 and 343 in human Lf (hLf) [7] , which confers flexibility to the molecule [6, 7, 21] . The polypeptide chain includes amino acids 1-332, comprising the N-lobe, and 344-703, comprising the C-lobe, and it is made up of α-helix and β-pleated sheet structures that create two domains within each lobe (domains I and II) [22] . Each lobe can bind a metal atom in synergy with the carbonate ion (CO 3 −2

SOLUTION:
Lactoferrin a multiple bioactive protein: An overview ☆