Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Context: Preterm delivery and sub-optimal fetal growth are associated with each other and affect both mother and infant. Our aim was to determine (i) whether there are detectable differences in DNA methylation between early and late gestation and (ii) whether changes in DNA methylation from entry are associated with spontaneous preterm delivery with and without reduced fetal growth.', 'We conducted a case-control study nested within a large prospective cohort. Gene specific methylation was measured by Methyl-Profiler PCR Array in a Human Breast Cancer Signature Panel of 24 genes from maternal peripheral leukocytes genomic DNA at entry and 3', 'There was significantly decrease in DNA methylation in 15 of 24 genes during the 3
Answer: These data suggest that epigenetic modification is associated with an increased risk of spontaneous preterm delivery, spontaneous preterm delivery with reduced fetal growth in particular.
Is spontaneous Preterm Delivery , Particularly with Reduced Fetal Growth , Associated with DNA Hypomethylation of Tumor Related Genes?

Context: Tissue factor (TF) contributes to thrombosis following plaque disruption in acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Aim of the study was to investigate the impact of plasma TF activity on prognosis in patients with ACS.', 'One-hundred seventy-four patients with unstable Angina pectoris (uAP) and 112 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were included with a mean follow up time of 3.26 years. On admission, plasma TF activity was assessed. Patients were categorized into 2 groups: a high-TF activity group with TF >24 pmol/L and low TF activity group with TF ≤ 24 pmol/L. Fifteen cardiovascular deaths occurred in the uAP group and 16 in the AMI group. In AMI TF activity was 24,9 ± 2,78 pmol/l (mean ± SEM) in survivors and 40,9 ± 7,96 pmol/l in nonsurvivors (P = 0.024). In uAP no differences were observed (25.0 ± 8.04 pmol/L nonsurvivors vs. 25.7 ± 2.14 pmol/L survivors; P = 0.586). Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival at 3.26 years regarding TF activity in AMI were 81.3% and 92.2% with an hazard ratio of 3.02 (95% CI [1.05-8.79], P = 0.03). The Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for correlates of age and risk factors showed that plasma TF activity was an independent correlate of survival (hazard ratio 9.27, 95% CI [1.24-69.12], P = 0.03). In an additional group of patients with uAP and AMI, we identified circulating microparticles as the prevailing reservoir of plasma TF activity in acute coronary syndromes.
Answer: Systemic TF activity in AMI has an unfavorable prognostic value and as a marker for dysregulated coagulation may add to predict the atherothrombotic risk.
Does plasma TF activity predict cardiovascular mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction?

Context: Stem cells have multiple ways of differentiating and restoring healing. This feature may recommend their usage for decreasing the incidence of anastomotic fistulas in the colon in case of colorectal malignancy.', 'To determine whether stem cells are improving digestive healing, we performed a literature review using as Mesh terms: "anastomotic leak", "stem cells", and "colonic anastomoses", followed by an observational analysis on 3 experimental studies.', 'We found that stem cells increase bursting pressure by an elevated rate of angiogenesis. In addition, the hydroxyproline content of the anastomoses is significantly increased in the stem cell group. The results concerning microscopic characteristics of digestive healing varied markedly between studies.
Answer: These findings suggest a novel role for mesenchymal stem cells in digestive sutures on ischemic conditions. Although stem cells have shown their beneficial effect on anastomotic healing, further studies are necessary to establish the indications, the appropriate method of administration, the sampling site and the identification of substances whose combination might potentiate their angiogenic effect.

Do stem cells improve the quality of colonic anastomoses - A systematic review?