Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
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Question: Context: SOX2 and SOX9 are commonly overexpressed in glioblastoma, and regulate the activity of glioma stem cells (GSCs). Their specific and overlapping roles in GSCs and glioma treatment remain unclear.', 'SOX2 and SOX9 levels were examined in human biopsies. Gain and loss of function determined the impact of altering SOX2 and SOX9 on cell proliferation, senescence, stem cell activity, tumorigenesis and chemoresistance.', 'SOX2 and SOX9 expression correlates positively in glioma cells and glioblastoma biopsies. High levels of SOX2 bypass cellular senescence and promote resistance to temozolomide. Mechanistic investigations revealed that SOX2 acts upstream of SOX9. mTOR genetic and pharmacologic (rapamycin) inhibition decreased SOX2 and SOX9 expression, and reversed chemoresistance.
Answer: Our findings reveal SOX2-SOX9 as an oncogenic axis that regulates stem cell properties and chemoresistance. We identify that rapamycin abrogate SOX protein expression and provide evidence that a combination of rapamycin and temozolomide inhibits tumor growth in cells with high SOX2/SOX9.

Answer: Does mTOR inhibition decrease SOX2-SOX9 mediated glioma stem cell activity and temozolomide resistance?


Question: Context: Serum ghrelin levels are elevated in uremic patients. However, no data are available on the relationship between metabolic syndrome and serum ghrelin levels in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.', 'Metabolic syndrome and its components were defined using diagnostic criteria recommended by the International Diabetes Federation. Fasting serum samples were taken from 30 PD patients. Serum ghrelin levels were measured by using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.', 'Of the 30 PD patients, 53.3% (16/30) had metabolic syndrome. Fasting serum ghrelin corrected inversely with metabolic syndrome among these PDs patients (p = 0.002). By odds ratio (OR) analysis of metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome diagnostic criteria, the predictors for metabolic syndrome are fasting glucose [OR: 39.00; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.80 to 399.85; p < 0.001], triglycerides (OR: 37.50; 95% CI: 3.64 to 386.51; p < 0.001), and waist circumference (OR: 4.20; 95% CI: 1.95 to 9.03; p < 0.001). Univariate linear regression analysis showed that body weight (r = -0.461, p = 0.010), waist circumference (r = -0.390, p = 0.033), and body mass index (r = -0.438, p = 0.016) were negatively correlated with serum ghrelin, and serum high density lipoprotein [HDL (r = 0.626, p < 0.001)] was positively correlated with serum ghrelin. Multivariate forward stepwise linear regression analysis of the significant variables showed that HDL (R(2) change = 0.392; p < 0.001) was the independent predictor of serum ghrelin in PD patients and explained 39.2% of the variance.
Answer: These results indicate an inverse association between circulating fasting ghrelin and metabolic syndrome in PD patients. Serum HDL was associated with serum ghrelin among PD patients.

Answer: Is fasting serum ghrelin level associated with metabolic syndrome in peritoneal dialysis patients?


Question: Context: To evaluate the clinical significance of preoperative serum levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).', 'IL-10 is an immunosuppressive factor and IL-6 is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a role in host defense mechanisms. Both have been reported to be related to the disease prognosis in some human solid tumors. Their role in human HCC has not been investigated.', 'Preoperative serum samples of 67 patients with HCC who underwent potentially curative resection and 27 normal healthy donors were assayed. Levels of IL-10 and IL-6 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The clinical significance of serum IL-10 and IL-6 was evaluated and compared with conventional clinicopathologic factors.', 'Levels of IL-10 and IL-6 were significantly higher in patients with HCC than in healthy subjects. There was no correlation between IL-10 and IL-6 levels. Tumor resection resulted in a decrease in IL-10 and IL-6 levels. On univariate analysis, patients with high IL-10 levels had a worse disease-free survival, but IL-6 levels had no correlation with the disease-free survival. Multivariate analysis identified IL-10 levels as a predictor of postresectional outcome, in addition to the well-established clinical risk factors.
Answer: In patients with HCC, the preoperative serum IL-10 level is related to the clinical outcome. IL-10 may play an important role in the progression of HCC.

Answer:
Is serum interleukin-10 but not interleukin-6 related to clinical outcome in patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma?