In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
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Question: The lemma named for this person states that if a prime number divides a product, then it divides a   factor of that product. Janos Bolyai and Nikolai Lobachevsky developed a system that was notable  for not following all of this person's rules. A so-called orchard is named for this person because of   his algorithm for finding greatest common divisors. A book he wrote states that if a line segment  intersects two lines, then the lines meet on the side of the segment where the interior angle sum is  less than two right angles, the last of his five postulates. Name this mathematician whose Elements  was a standard text of geometry.

Answer: Science


Question: The reciprocal relationship between the eigenvalues of the mass matrix of these particles is called the "seesaw mechanism"; the larger eigenvalue may be the mass of their "sterile" variety. One phenomenon predicted by Pontecorvo involving these entities was searched for by (*) MINOS. Reines and Cowan used an aqueous cadmium chloride solution to detect them, and other detectors tend to include large volumes of material, such as Super Kamiokande. For 10 points, name these leptons, the nearly massless products of radioactive decay whose varieties include the muon and tau and which are represented by the letter nu.

Answer: Science


Question: Organisms cited in the 1972 paper that put forth this theory include the families related to P. Bermundensis and Gryphaea. Its proponents argued that the high table suppressed this theory from receiving deserved consideration. Opposing the phyletic form of another idea, it explains the lack of transitional forms in the fossil record and supplants Darwinian gradualism. For 10 points, name this proposed method of evolution first put forth by Niles Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould that argues that organisms undergo most of their evolutionary shifts in relatively short periods of time.

Answer:
Social Science