TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: Late in his life, this man attempted to mediate the Burundian civil war. In 1967, he issued a manifesto prohibiting government ministers from renting out houses and proclaiming "let us pray and heed to the peasant. " He negotiated with Richard Turnbull for independence before issuing the (*) Arusha Declaration and merging his country with a nearby island. For 10 points name this man who promoted ujamaa in Tanzania.

SOLUTION: History

PROBLEM: Halogen addition to them creates a mixture of a 1-2 and 1-4 addition product. One preparation of them involves butane undergoing thermal dehydration. Another synthesis of the conjugated variety of this chemical group involves elimination of unsaturated alcohols and alkyl halides. They include a number of useful reagents, including ones named for Chan, Dane, Brassard, Rawal, and Danishefsky. In addition to the conjugated variety, they also occur in isolated and cumulated varieties. Conjugation energy guarantees that the conjugated form is the most stable. For ten points, what is this organic functional group whose 1,3 variety are a principal reactant in the Diels-Alder reaction, and which is characterized by a pair of double bonds.

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: The Kompaneets equation describes the time evolution of the energy distribution of particles that have participated in this process. The y-parameter was introduced by Sunyaev and Zeldovich, who studied the inverse type of this phenomenon in the cosmic microwave background. The Klein-Nishina formula calculates the differential cross section for this phenomenon, which reduces to a Thomson process in the limit of low photon energies. The change in wavelength that occurs in this process depends as the cosine of the angular change of the affected photon's direction. FTP identify this process in which a photon collides with an electron, resulting in a decrease in its energy.

SOLUTION:
Science