In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

[EX Q]: (shoemaker v. myers (1990) 52 cal.3d 1, 7.)
[EX A]: non-overruling

[EX Q]: smith, 355 s.w.3d at 148.
[EX A]: non-overruling

[EX Q]: we see no abuse of discretion, and we therefore affirm the admission of dr. parran's expert testimony.
[EX A]:
non-overruling