TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a part of an article. Your task is to generate headline (title) for this text. Preferred headlines are under fifteen words.
PROBLEM: Recommender systems play an increasingly important role in online applications to help users find what they need or prefer. Collaborative filtering algorithms that generate predictions by analyzing the user-item rating matrix perform poorly when the matrix is sparse. To alleviate this problem, this paper proposes a simple recommendation algorithm that fully exploits the similarity information among users and items and intrinsic structural information of the user-item matrix. The proposed method constructs a new representation which preserves affinity and structure information in the user-item rating matrix and then performs recommendation task. To capture proximity information about users and items, two graphs are constructed. Manifold learning idea is used to constrain the new representation to be smooth on these graphs, so as to enforce users and item proximities. Our model is formulated as a convex optimization problem, for which we need to solve the well known Sylvester equation only. We carry out extensive empirical evaluations on six benchmark datasets to show the effectiveness of this approach.

SOLUTION: Top-N Recommendation on Graphs

PROBLEM: We present a practical and statistically consistent scheme for actively learning binary classifiers under general loss functions. Our algorithm uses importance weighting to correct sampling bias, and by controlling the variance, we are able to give rigorous label complexity bounds for the learning process. Experiments on passively labeled data show that this approach reduces the label complexity required to achieve good predictive performance on many learning problems.

SOLUTION: Importance Weighted Active Learning

PROBLEM: Novel research in the field of Linked Data focuses on the problem of entity summarization. This field addresses the problem of ranking features according to their importance for the task of identifying a particular entity. Next to a more human friendly presentation, these summarizations can play a central role for semantic search engines and semantic recommender systems. In current approaches, it has been tried to apply entity summarization based on patterns that are inherent to the regarded data. The proposed approach of this paper focuses on the movie domain. It utilizes usage data in order to support measuring the similarity between movie entities. Using this similarity it is possible to determine the k-nearest neighbors of an entity. This leads to the idea that features that entities share with their nearest neighbors can be considered as significant or important for these entities. Additionally, we introduce a downgrading factor (similar to TF-IDF) in order to overcome the high number of commonly occurring features. We exemplify the approach based on a movie-ratings dataset that has been linked to Freebase entities.

SOLUTION:
Leveraging Usage Data for Linked Data Movie Entity Summarization