instruction:
In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
question:
In this country, the execution of Auguste Chapdelaine caused France to enter a war that began with this country's seizure of the merchant ship Arrow. A man claiming to be the younger brother of Jesus established the Heavenly Kingdom in this country, which is where the Eight Nation Alliance put down a revolt led by the Society of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists. This country was the site of the Opium Wars and the Taiping and Boxer Rebellions. For 10 points, name this country ruled during the 19th century by the Qing Dynasty.
answer:
History


question:
Erwin Finlay-Freundlich proposed one explanation for this phenomenon that claimed its strength should be proportional to the radiation density. A version of this phenomenon in the CMB is known as the Sachs-Wolfe effect, while the quantity that describes the strength of this effect has a value of about 1100 for the surface of last scattering. One version of this effect was measured using the Mossbauer effect in an experiment by Pound and Rebka, and the magnitude of this effect is usually denoted "z. " For 10 points, name this phenomenon, which can be caused by gravity or the Doppler effect, in which the wavelength of an object's light appears longer to an observer.
answer:
Science


question:
During his reign, his forces defeated Spain at Jarbah and lost in a battle with the Knights of St. John in an attempt to capture Malta. While serving as governor in the Crimea, he helped his father to build an army. A principle known as the "circle of justice" guided the legal kanuns which he set up, and he supported the ascension of John Zapolya following one of his military victories. Against Rhodes, he used the naval forces enhanced by his grandfather Bayezid II and led by Khayr ad-Din or Barbarossa, though he later failed at the first siege of Vienna. The winner at Mohacs and son of Selim the Grim, this is, FTP, what Ottoman Sultan, who oversaw that empire's "golden age"
answer:

History