Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[EX Q]: We investigated the effects of pulsed ultrasound on swelling, muscle soreness perception, relaxed-elbow extension angle, and muscular strength.', 'Eight sets of concentric and eccentric actions induced delayed-onset muscle soreness of the elbow flexors. Group 1 received 20% pulsed ultrasound treatments (1-MHz, 7 minutes, 1.5 W/ cm(2) temporal peak intensity) twice a day immediately after postexercise assessments and at 3, 24, 27, 48, 51, 72, and 75 hours postexercise. Group 2 received sham treatments immediately after postexercise assessments and at 3,27, 51, and 75 hours postexercise and true treatments of pulsed ultrasound at 24, 48, and 72 hours postexercise. Group 3 received sham treatments of no ultrasonic output immediately after postexercise assessments and at 3, 24, 27, 48, 51, 72, and 75 hours postexercise.', 'Thirty-six college-age females.', 'We recorded upper-arm circumference, perceived soreness, relaxed-elbow extension angle, and elbow-flexion strength before (pretest), immediately postexercise, and at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours postexercise.', 'We noted differences over time but no treatment effect between groups or interactions between time and group for upper-arm circumference, perceived soreness, relaxed-elbow extension angle, or elbow-flexion strength.
[EX A]: Does pulsed ultrasound fail to diminish delayed-onset muscle soreness symptoms?

[EX Q]: To describe the prevalence of prolonged fatigue, chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)-like illness, and associated symptom patterns in adolescents attending primary care.', 'The design was cross-sectional. A questionnaire designed by the authors assessing fatigue and associated symptoms was administered to 901 adolescents (aged 11-18 years) attending 12 primary care clinics in the Chicago area. Prevalence rates for prolonged fatigue and CFS-like illness were calculated. Univariate comparisons involving sociodemographic data and fatigue severity were made between adolescents with and without prolonged fatigue, and sociodemographic and symptom predictors of prolonged fatigue were identified using logistic regression analysis.', 'Prolonged fatigue (> or = 1 month) occurred at a rate of 8.0% and CFS-like illness occurred at a rate of 4.4%. Adolescents with prolonged fatigue were significantly older and also reported greater fatigue severity than those without fatigue. Findings from logistic regression indicated that, in addition to increasing age, headaches, muscle pains, fever, and fatigue made worse by exercise were significantly associated with prolonged fatigue.
[EX A]: Does sociodemographic and symptom correlate of fatigue in an adolescent primary care sample?

[EX Q]: Mesangial activation occurs in many forms of renal disease that progress to renal failure. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are important mediators involved in the intracellular network of interacting proteins that transduce extracellular stimuli to intracellular responses. The extracellular signal-regulated kinases 5 (Erk5) MAPK pathway has been involved in regulating several cellular responses. Thus, we examined the expression of Erk5 in human renal tissue and the function of Erk5 in cultured human mesangial cells.', 'Erk5 was visualized in human renal tissue by immunohistochemistry and in mesangial cells by immunofluorescence microscopy using the anti-Erk5 C-terminus antibody. Erk5 expression and activation, and collagen I expression were determined by western blot. To generate a dominant-negative form of the Erk5 in human mesangial cells, an EcoRI fragment from wild-type pCEFL-HA-Erk5 was subcloned into the EcoRI site of pCDNA3. Cell proliferation was analysed by an MTT-based assay. Cell contraction was analysed by studying the changes in the planar cell surface area.', 'Erk5 was expressed in the kidney, mainly localized at the glomerular mesangium. In cultured human mesangial cells, Erk5 was activated by foetal calf serum (FCS), high glucose, endothelin-1, platelet-activating factor (PAF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1). The expression of a dominant-negative form of Erk5 in human mesangial cells resulted in a significant decrease in proliferation, EGF-induced cell contraction and TGF-beta1-induced collagen I expression.
[EX A]:
Does the mitogen-activated protein kinase Erk5 mediate human mesangial cell activation?