TASK DEFINITION: Given a document, find the main entity about whom the author is writing. Write the full name if mentioned in the text. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
PROBLEM: French President Emmanuel Macron  right  and Hungarian President Janos Ader leave after their talks at the Elysee Palace  in Paris  Tuesday  Dec. 12  2017. (Photo: Francois Mori  AP)
PARIS – More than 50 world leaders are joining bankers  energy magnates and others Tuesday in Paris for a summit that President Emmanuel Macron hopes will give new momentum to the fight against global warming — despite U.S. President Donald Trump’s rejection of the Paris climate accord.
Some 3 100 security personnel are fanned out around Paris for Tuesday’s event  including extra patrol boats along the Seine River.  Macron  will accompany the visiting leaders to the summit site on a river island by boat.
On Monday   Macron  awarded 18 climate scientists — most of them based in the U.S. — multimillion-euro grants to relocate to France for the rest of Trump’s term. Trump has expressed skepticism about global warming and said the Paris accord would hurt U.S. business.
The “Make Our Planet Great Again” grants — a nod to Trump’s “Make America Great Again” campaign slogan — are part of  Macron ’s efforts to counter Trump on the climate change front.  Macron  announced a contest for the projects in June  hours after Trump declared he would withdraw the U.S. from the Paris climate accord.
The summit  co-hosted by the U.N.  World Bank and  Macron   is being held on the second anniversary of the Paris climate accord  ratified by 170 countries.

SOLUTION: Emmanuel Macron

PROBLEM: I dread many things about dining out in the coming year  from closings of beloved restaurants to ever-weirder ramen mutations. But the scariest of all may be the expansion of the online reservation app Tock  which makes you pay in advance for your meal at the time of booking — mostly at super-luxury eateries  but increasingly at lower-priced places  too.
The great Eleven Madison Park is the only place in Manhattan that currently uses three-year-old Tock for all seatings (though it’s also one of the very few restaurants worth such hassle). In Williamsburg  tiny Aska also uses the app exclusively. Now  Tock — which is used by just 300 US restaurants  compared to 43 000 for OpenTable and 1 000 for Resy — is trying to lure in lesser joints such as Té with Tock Intro.
Backed by millions of dollars in venture-capital funding  Tock promises great things to owners. Its platform can help them better manage reservations and reduce no-shows. Customers supposedly benefit from avoiding the hassles of reserving by phone.
But I hate having to buy a ticket for a meal — even for a world-class place such as Eleven Madison Park or Chicago’s Alinea  which is co-owned by Nick Kokonas  who also happens to be the founder of Tock.
Certain places that use OpenTable or Resy require a $50-a-head credit-card deposit. I’m not crazy about that  but at least we’re not giving them an interest-free loan of nearly $1 200  as a table for four would be at Eleven Madison Park reserved months from now on Tock.
Tock is striving to make inroads here by handling New Year’s Eve bookings at places that would otherwise use OpenTable or Resy. “New Year’s Eve has notoriously high demand and no-show rates  so we’re seeing a large number of restaurants using Tock Intro to combat the no-show issue ” says a company rep.
Among them: The Lambs Club and Lupa Osteria Romana — where you can only book the $275-per-head “Roman feast” starting at 9:45 p.m. on Dec. 31 using  Tock .
 Tock ’s strategy is to persuade users of the limited service to switch to the site full-time.  Tock ’s rep says  “Many restaurants start with  Tock  by offering a single prepaid experience  which is what you’re seeing with Lupa’s NYE dinner. After they see the full platform … they often transition all reservations over to  Tock .”

SOLUTION: Tock

PROBLEM: Randy Bryce  -- a Democratic organizer and union iron worker who's never held elected office -- gained national attention with a viral video that debuted last month announcing  his  congressional bid. The video  which pitches Bryce as a "working man" and focuses on health care  racked up nearly a half-million views in the less than two weeks it's been online and drew attention from left leaning activists and national media.
"Let's trade places   Paul Ryan " Bryce  said in the ad. "You can come work the iron  and I'll go to DC. "
"I've just had enough. People are fed up "  Bryce  said in a phone interview. "It's just a really crooked place in Washington  DC."
Even with the attention the video has attracted   Bryce 's odds of unseating the Wisconsin Republican at this point appear extremely low. While polling for congressional districts is historically scarce and unreliable  Ryan has never lost a race. In fact  he's never won with less than by double-digit margins. He bested his opponent by nearly 35 points in 2016. Ryan has also been a prolific fundraiser  raising millions not only for himself but to preserve his party's control of the House
When asked to respond to  Bryce 's announcement video  Ryan campaign spokesman Zack Roday said   "Bryce  is a liberal agitator in Wisconsin. He is not a political novice; he is a three time failed candidate who has been repeatedly rejected by southern Wisconsin voters for his far left positions."
It is true that  Bryce  doesn't have a great record of success in running for office.  His  two campaigns to serve in the state legislature were unsuccessful  as was  his  2013 bid for the Racine County Board of Education.
The fundraising arm for House Republicans also made note of this point. The National Republican Campaign Committee said  Bryce 's "petty attacks against Paul Ryan will be rejected by voters in the same fashion that his three former failed campaigns have been."
But after a spring where Republicans in Congress struggled to find enough support to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act with a GOP alternative  perhaps it's no surprise that  Bryce 's video  which centers on  his  own difficult experiences with health care  took off online.
"It's just a cruel way to govern "  Bryce  told CNN in reference to the latest Senate Republican health bill.
Set to an emotional soundtrack   Bryce 's announcement video opens with a clip of Trump touting Ryan's work on the Republican health care plan. Then it moves to Ryan talking about the bill. Panoramic shots of "southeastern Wisconsin" -- where Wisconsin's 1st Congressional District is located -- fill the screen.
The ad features  Bryce 's mother who talks about  her  fight with multiple sclerosis and how the GOP health plan would affect  her .
Though  she  has been able to get treatment   Bryce  described the helplessness  he 's felt in dealing with  her  condition.
"There were some times when I'm in a room next to  her   and  she 's in a room just screaming in pain  you know  and I'm like  'I can't do anything. I don't know what to do. I can't help  her .' "
Bryce himself  has faced difficult medical conditions. When  he  left the Army after serving abroad in Honduras   he  was diagnosed with prostate cancer.  He  didn't have insurance at the time  but considers  himself  lucky because  he  was able to get care through an experimental treatment at a nearby medical school.
 He  beat the cancer  but  his  mom continues to struggle with MS  and  his  father -- who was not in the ad -- lives in an assisted living facility with Alzheimer's.
Bryce's son  Ben  also drew mentions in the video and at the first campaign rally.  Bryce  calls  him  "a miracle" because doctors had told  Bryce  that  he  likely wouldn't be able to have children as a result of  his  prostate cancer.

SOLUTION:
Randy Bryce