instruction:
In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.
question:
Context: Prognosis and treatment of patients with breast carcinoma of no special type (NST) is dependent on a few established parameters, such as tumor size, histological grade, lymph node stage, expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER-2/neu, and proliferation index. The original Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) employs a three-tiered classification system that stratifies patients with breast cancer into good, moderate, and poor prognostic groups. The aim of our study was to use robust immunohistochemical methodology for determination of ER, PR, HER-2/neu, Ki-67, p53, and Bcl-2, and to observe differences in the expression of these markers when patients are stratified according to the original, three-tiered Nottingham Prognostic Index.', 'Paraffin blocks from 120 patients diagnosed with breast carcinoma, NST, were retrieved from our archive. Cases included in the study were female patients previously treated with modified radical mastectomy and axillary dissection.', 'Our study demonstrates that expression of markers of good prognosis, such as ER, PR, and Bcl-2, is seen with higher frequency in good and moderate NPI groups. In contrast, overexpression of HER-2/neu, a marker of adverse prognosis, is more frequent in moderate and poor NPI groups. High proliferation index, as measured by Ki-67, is seen in moderate and poor NPI groups, whereas low proliferation index is seen in good NPI groups.\Question: Does classification of patients with breast cancer according to Nottingham prognostic index highlight significant differences in immunohistochemical marker expression?
answer:
These data confirm that the original, three-tiered NPI statistically correlates with the expression of prognostic immunohistochemical markers in breast carcinoma NST.


question:
Context: Bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (BIPN) is a significant neurotoxicity, requiring dose reduction or the delay of treatment. In a multicentre trial including 97 % Caucasians and 3 % Asians, BIPN was shown to occur less frequently in cases in which bortezomib was administered subcutaneously. Considering the different pharmacokinetics between Caucasians and Asians, we analysed BIPN according to the administration route, specifically in Korean myeloma patients.', 'We surveyed the prescribed anticonvulsants for the treatment of BIPN and analysed the data after stratifying the results by the cumulative dose of bortezomib. Exclusion criteria were as follows: treated with <2 doses of bortezomib, change in the administration route during the treatment, or receiving anticonvulsants for other reasons prior to bortezomib administration.', 'A total of 101 patients were enrolled; 60 were treated with bortezomib and dexamethasone, and 37 were treated with bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisolone. The median number of treatment courses was four for each regimens. The median exposure to bortezomib for all patients was 19 mg/m(2). Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival rates were not statistically different between the groups. There was no difference in the proportion of patients requiring medical treatment (p = 0.388). After stratifying the results, BIPN developed less frequently when bortezomib was administered subcutaneously rather than intravenously in patients receiving more than 23.4 mg/m(2) of bortezomib (p < 0.05).\Question: Is bortezomib-associated peripheral neuropathy requiring medical treatment decreased by administering the medication by subcutaneous injection in Korean multiple myeloma patients?
answer:
Since the responses were potent regardless of administration route, the subcutaneous injection of bortezomib should be considered in Asian myeloma patients who are expected to achieve a longer PFS with bortezomib.


question:
Context: Intima-media thickness (IMT) is a valid marker for generalized vascular disease whose main risk factors are associated with food habits and lifestyle. A Mediterranean food pattern may have a protective effect on cardiovascular mortality.', 'To assess the relationship between carotid IMT and olive oil consumption.', 'One hundred and ninety nine patients were randomly extracted from 1055 asymptomatic high cardiovascular risk participants at the AP-UNAV recruitment center of the PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) project. Demographic and clinical variables were collected, and a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (137 items) was administered at the inclusion interview. A B-mode ultrasound imaging technique was used to measure the mean common carotid IMT.', 'The mean age was 67.3 years and 53.3% were women. Energy-adjusted olive oil consumption quintiles were assessed as the main exposure after adjusting for potential dietary and non-dietary confounders. Using continuous carotid IMT as the outcome in an ANCOVA analysis, the adjusted IMT means throughout quintiles showed an inverse association with a plateau after the second quintile, with statistical differences when the adjusted IMT mean of the merged four upper quintiles were compared with the lowest quintile (p<0.05). The averaged (both sides) mean IMT of the common carotid was dichotomised and values above the median (0.804 mm) were used to identify carotid atherosclerotic damage. We also found an inverse association of olive oil consumption with high IMT, throughout the second to the fifth quintile as compared with the lowest quintile. The adjusted OR was of 0.08 (95% confidence interval, CI, of 0.02-0.37; p=0.001) after merging the four upper quintiles.\Question: Is carotid intima-media thickness inversely associated with olive oil consumption?
answer:

The inverse association between the olive oil consumption and the carotid IMT could suggest a protective role of olive oil against the development of carotid atherosclerosis in persons at high cardiovascular risk.