TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: This man's namesake elasticity describes surface tension resistance when a surface is stretched, and can be applied to surface-tension-related mass transfer in an effect named for this man and Marangoni. For a mixture at constant temperature and pressure, the change in the chemical potential of the system can be obtained using an equation named for this man and Duhem. Another equation named for this man is used to calculate the degrees of freedom of a system depending in part on its number of components. For 10 points, name this man with a namesake phase rule and a thermodynamic quantity useful in predicting the spontaneity of a chemical reaction, his free energy.

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: The highest point of this city is the Hermannskogel. A 20-ton bell made from captured Turkish cannons can be found in this city's St. Stephen's Cathedral. This city's chief park, the Prater, is known for its giant Ferris wheel. This city is home to the Ringstrasse (RING-strah-suh), on which stands the Rathaus. This city is the headquarters for the International Atomic Energy Agency and OPEC, and this city is located on the Danube River. For 10 points, name this capital of Austria.

SOLUTION: Social Science

PROBLEM: This religious movement traditionally recognized "Recorded Ministers," some of whom ran unplanned "waiting worships" that concluded when the two eldest worshipers exchanged a handshake. Its earliest leaders were known as the "Valiant Sixty." The "Gurneyites" are one offshoot of this movement, whose members typically attend Yearly Meetings. This religious movement, which traditionally used the pronoun (*) "thee" and refused to swear oaths, believes that they all have Christ's "inner light" shining within them. It was founded in the 1600s in England by George Fox. For 10 points, name this nonviolent protestant sect also known as the "Society of Friends."

SOLUTION:
Social Science