Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[EX Q]: The relationship of bipolar disorder (BD) and altered thyroid function is increasingly recognized. Recently, a behavioral phenotype of co-occurring deviance on the Anxious/Depressed (A/D), Attention Problems (AP), and Aggressive Behavior (AB) syndrome scales has been identified as the Child Behavior Checklist Dysregulation Profile (CBCL-DP), which itself has been linked to BD. This study tested for differences in thyroid function within a sample of n=114 psychiatric children and adolescents with and without the CBCL-DP.', 'A CBCL-DP score was generated based on the composite of the crucial CBCL syndrome scales (A/D, AP, AB). Participants with a CBCL-DP score >or=2.5 SDs above average constituted the CBCL-DP subgroup (n=53). Those with CBCL-DP scores of 1 SD or less above average percentile were regarded as controls (n=61). Groups were compared regarding serum levels of TSH, fT3 and fT4.', 'In participants showing the CBCL-DP, basal serum TSH was elevated compared to controls. More CBCL-DP subjects than controls showed subclinical hypothyroidism. No differences were observed for serum fT3 and fT4 levels.
[EX A]: Is severe affective and behavioral dysregulation in youth associated with increased serum TSH?

[EX Q]: Cerebral pressure passivity is common in sick premature infants and may predispose to germinal matrix/intraventricular hemorrhage (GM/IVH), a lesion with potentially serious consequences. We studied the association between the magnitude of cerebral pressure passivity and GM/IVH.', "We enrolled infants <32 weeks' gestational age with indwelling mean arterial pressure (MAP) monitoring and excluded infants with known congenital syndromes or antenatal brain injury. We recorded continuous MAP and cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy hemoglobin difference (HbD) signals at 2 Hz for up to 12 hours/day and up to 5 days. Coherence and transfer function analysis between MAP and HbD signals was performed in 3 frequency bands (0.05-0.25, 0.25-0.5, and 0.5-1.0 Hz). Using MAP-HbD gain and clinical variables (including chorioamnionitis, Apgar scores, gestational age, birth weight, neonatal sepsis, and Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology II), we built a logistic regression model that best predicts cranial ultrasound abnormalities.", 'In 88 infants (median gestational age: 26 weeks [range 23-30 weeks]), early cranial ultrasound showed GM/IVH in 31 (37%) and parenchymal echodensities in 10 (12%) infants; late cranial ultrasound showed parenchymal abnormalities in 19 (30%) infants. Low-frequency MAP-HbD gain (highest quartile mean) was significantly associated with early GM/IVH but not other ultrasound findings. The most parsimonious model associated with early GM/IVH included only gestational age and MAP-HbD gain.
[EX A]: Is elevated cerebral pressure passivity associated with prematurity-related intracranial hemorrhage?

[EX Q]: The use of fetal growth charts assumes that the optimal size at birth is at the 50(th) birth-weight centile, but interaction between maternal constraints on fetal growth and the risks associated with small and large fetal size at birth may indicate that this assumption is not valid for perinatal mortality rates. The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution and timing (antenatal, intrapartum or neonatal) of perinatal mortality and morbidity in relation to birth weight and gestational age at delivery.', "Data from over 1 million births occurring at 28-43\u2009weeks' gestation from singleton pregnancies without congenital abnormalities in the period from 2002 to 2008 were collected from The Netherlands Perinatal Registry. The distribution of perinatal mortality according to birth-weight centile and gestational age at delivery was studied.", "In the 1\u2009170\u2009534 pregnancies studied, there were 5075 (0.43%) perinatal deaths. The highest perinatal mortality occurred in those with a birth weight below the 2.3(rd) centile (25.4/1000 births) and the lowest mortality was in those with birth weights between the 80(th) and 84(th) centiles (2.4/1000 births), according to routinely used growth charts. Antepartum deaths were lowest in those with birth weight between the 90(th) and 95(th) centiles. Data were almost identical when the analysis was restricted to infants born at ≥\u200937\u2009weeks' gestation.
[EX A]:
Is human fetal growth constrained below optimal for perinatal survival?