TASK DEFINITION: Given a question and a context passage, generate the answer having the word or phrase from the context passage. Here, the answer should be a shortest continous span from the passage.
PROBLEM: Context: One of the primary criticismes of vestibular schwannoma (VS) radiosurgery is that the risk of surgical morbidity is increased for patients whose tumor progresses after the procedures. We reviewed the French experience of operated patients after failed Gamma Knife radiosurgery. From July 1992 to January 2002, 25 out of the 1000 treated patients underwent another treatment procedure for a gamma knife failure. Excluding the NF2 patients, 21 patients have been operated and the present study shows the data collected for 20 of them. In order to analyze the difficulties observed during the surgery, a questionnaire was filled by the surgeons. The mean interval between radiosurgery and removal was 36 Months, from 10 to 83 Months. The mean increase in Volume was 559% (37 to 3036%, median 160%). Evolution of the Koos grading was found from 8 grade II, 10 grade III et 2 grade IV to 10 grade III and 10 grade IV. Patients have been operated for radiological tumor growth in 7 cases and for clinico-radiological evolution in 13 cases. In 9 cases, the surgeon considered that he had to face unusual difficulties mainly because of adhesion of the tumor to neurovascular structures. Tumor removal was total in 14 cases, near total in 4 cases and subtotal in 2 cases. One case of venous infarction was noticed at the second day following surgery responsible of hemiparesis and aphasia that gradually recovered. At last follow-up examination, facial nerve was normal (House and Brackmann grade I and II) in 10 cases while it was a grade III in 7 cases and grade IV and V in 3 cases. We recommend that the decision for surgical removal of growing vestibular schwannoma after Gamma Knife treatment should be done after a sufficiently long follow-up period. Our results show that the quality of removal and of facial nerve preservation might be impaired by radiosurgery in half of cases. However these results do not support a change in our policy of radiosurgical treatment of small to medium size vestibular schwannoma. 
 Question: Which disease can be categorized using the Koos grading system?

SOLUTION: vestibular schwannoma

PROBLEM: Context: The tradition of birthday parties started in Europe a long time ago. It was feared that evil spirits were particularly attracted to people on their birthdays. To protect them from harm, friends and family members would come to stay with the birthday person and bring good thoughts and wishes. Giving gifts brought even more good cheer to keep away from the evil spirits. This is how birthday parties began. The following are some countries' birthday traditions: Canada---Putting butter on the nose. In Atlantic Canada, the birthday child's nose is put butter on for good luck. China---Noodles for lunch. The birthday child pays respect to his / her parents and receives a gift of money. Friends and relatives are invited to lunch and noodles are served to wish the birthday child a long life. England---Money cakes. Certain symbolic objects are mixed into the birthday cake as it is being prepared. If your piece of cake has a coin in it, you will be rich. Ireland---Birthday bump . The birthday child is lifted upside down and " bumped" on the floor for good luck. Italy---Pulling ears. The child's ears are pulled as many times as how old he / she is turning. Japan---New clothes. The birthday child wears new clothes to mark the occasion. New Zealand---Birthday claps. After the candles are hit, the happy birthday song is sung loudly and often out of tune and then the birthday person receives a clap for each year he / she has been alive and then one for good luck. The United States---Cake, candles and the birthday song. A cake is made, and candles are put on top based on how old the person is. 
 Question: According to the passage, in which country can the birthday children probably receive a gift of money?

SOLUTION: china.

PROBLEM: Context: Bob and Doug McKenzie (Rick Moranis and Dave Thomas) are two dim-witted and unemployed "hosers" living in Toronto, Ontario who find themselves in a bind when they squander their father's beer money and then run out of beer. The brothers place a live mouse in a beer bottle in an attempt to blackmail the local beer store into giving them free Elsinore beer, but are told to take up the matter at the Elsinore brewery instead. After presenting the mouse to management at the brewery, the brothers are given jobs on the bottling line inspecting the bottles for mice. They take this opportunity to drink lots of free beer off the line; later, they present their parents with a van full of free Elsinore beer products as part of their payment with their new jobs.Meanwhile, the evil owner of the brewery, Brewmeister "B.M." Smith (Max von Sydow), is perfecting a secret plan to take over the world by placing a mind-control drug in Elsinore beer which, while rendering the consumer docile, also makes him or her attack others when stimulated by certain musical tones. Smith tests this adulterated beer on patients of the conveniently located Royal Canadian Institute for the Mentally Insane, which is connected by underground tunnels to the brewery. The effects of the tainted beer are demonstrated in an extended sequence during which the mental patients don armored Star Wars-style hockey garb and, after consuming the beer, respond to synthesizer music by variously playing hockey, skating together in sync, and brawling on the ice.It seems the former brewery owner John Elsinore has recently died under mysterious circumstances and his daughter, Pam (Lynne Griffin), having recently turned 21, has been given full control of the Elsinore brewery. Pam's incompetent uncle Claude (Paul Dooley), in the interim, had married her widowed mother and is reluctant to give up his recently-gained control of the brewery. The reason for this is further revealed to be that the bumbling Claude is collaborating with Brewmeister Smith, for whom he is a buffoonish toady, providing a cover for the Brewmeister's nefarious plans. Bob and Doug blunder into the midst of these plans when they rescue Pam from a malfunctioning security gate and both become fast friends with her.While exploring the massive brewery, Bob and Doug find a shuttered cafeteria containing an old Galactic Border Patrol video game that supernaturally reveals that Brewmeister Smith murdered John Elsinore and that Uncle Claude was deeply involved. Additionally, while poking around the brewery, Bob and Doug meet a one time hockey great, Jean "Rosie" LeRose (Angus MacInnes), whom Bob recognizes from the hockey card he has back home at his parents' house. Having suffered a career-ending nervous breakdown and fallen under Smith's control, Rosie gets locked up at the insane asylum but is determined to fight against the Brewmeister's plot for world domination.Eventually, Bob and Doug wander into Brewmeister's operations room while he is away, and Doug takes a record disk of John Elsinore's murder, believing that it is a New Wave bootleg record. Immediately afterward, Brewmeister and Claude shoot the brothers with tranquilizers. They then dress up in the brothers clothes where they are shown on security camera shooting tranquilizer darts at Pam and a friendly associate, named Henry Green, and put their unconcious bodies in kegs.When Bob and Doug wake up, they are back in their van, convinced that their suspicious discoveries were all just dreams, and they are instructed by Claude to deliver two kegs of beer (actually containing an unconscious Pam and her father's friend, Henry Green) to a party at the bottom of a big hill. However, the brakes have been modified to only allow two stops before giving out altogether.Nevertheless, as Bob and Doug drive, they soon get distracted and decide to stop off at their house to feed their dog. They also leave behind the incriminating record disk of Brewmeister and Claude's actions at their house. Having wasted one stop prior, they find themselves unable to stop the now-speeding vehicle and eventually wind up jumping off of the Toronto pier into Lake Ontario. Rosie arrives and tries to rescue Pam who 
 Question: Where do Smith and Claude conceal Pam and Henry Green?

SOLUTION:
kegs