We would like you to assess the QUALITY of each of the following argument (discussing Gun Control) and determine if the argument is Valid or Invalid. A valid argument is clearly interpretable and either expresses an argument, or a premise or a conclusion that can be used in an argument for the topic of gun control. An invalid argument is a phrase that cannot be interpreted as an argument or not on the topic of gun control.

Input: Consider Input: Will they be able to own guns if they are taking a civics class?

Output: Valid


Input: Consider Input: They did so on the basis that blacks were not citizens, and thus did not have the same rights, including the right to keep and bear arms protected in the Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, as whites.

Output: Valid


Input: Consider Input: First, the doctors devised and published epidemiological studies in medical journals, which showed that the problem of gun injuries is large and serious.


Output: Valid