TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Startup Opportunity Accelerator Act 
of 2014'' or the ``SOAR Act''.

SEC. 2. FUNDING FOR ORGANIZATIONS THAT SUPPORT STARTUP BUSINESSES.

    The Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 631 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 47 (15 U.S.C. 631 note) as 
        section 48; and
            (2) by inserting after section 46 the following:

``SEC. 47. FUNDING FOR ORGANIZATIONS THAT SUPPORT STARTUP BUSINESSES.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) the term `eligible entity' means an organization--
                    ``(A) that is located in the United States; and
                    ``(B) the primary purpose of which is to support 
                new small business concerns;
            ``(2) the term `new small business concern' means a small 
        business concern that has been in operation for not more than 5 
        years; and
            ``(3) the term `State' means any State of the United 
        States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto 
        Rico, and any territory or possession of the United States.
    ``(b) Funding.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this section, the Administrator shall develop and 
        begin implementing a program to award cash prizes of not more 
        than $50,000 to eligible entities to support new small business 
        concerns.
            ``(2) Use of funds.--A prize under this section--
                    ``(A) may be used for construction costs, space 
                acquisition, and programmatic purposes; and
                    ``(B) may not be used to provide capital or 
                professional services to new small business concerns 
                directly or through the subaward of funds.
    ``(c) Requirement for Applicants.--An eligible entity desiring a 
prize under this section shall demonstrate that the eligible entity 
will use the prize to provide assistance to not less than 10 new small 
business concerns per year.
    ``(d) Criteria.--The Administrator shall establish criteria for 
prizes under this section that shall give priority to eligible entities 
that are providing or plan to provide to new small business concerns--
            ``(1) office, manufacturing, or warehouse space, including 
        appropriate operations infrastructure;
            ``(2) access to capital (either directly from the eligible 
        entity (using amounts other than the amounts provided under the 
        prize) or through guidance and contacts for acquiring capital 
        from outside investors);
            ``(3) access to professional services (either directly from 
        the eligible entity (using amounts other than the amounts 
        provided under the prize) or through guidance and contacts for 
        acquiring professional services), including accounting and 
        legal services; or
            ``(4) a formal structured mentorship or developmental 
        program that assists new small business concerns with building 
        business skills and competencies.
    ``(e) Considerations in Choosing Recipients.--In determining 
whether to award a prize under this section to an eligible entity, the 
Administrator shall take into account--
            ``(1) for eligible entities that have in operation a 
        program to support new small business concerns, the record of 
        the eligible entity in assisting new small business concerns, 
        including, for each of the 3 full years before the date on 
        which the eligible entity applies for a prize under this 
        section--
                    ``(A) the retention rate of new small business 
                concerns in the program of the eligible entity;
                    ``(B) the average period of participation by new 
                small business concerns in the program of the eligible 
                entity;
                    ``(C) the total, average, and median capital raised 
                by new small business concerns participating in the 
                program of the eligible entity; and
                    ``(D) the total, average, and median number of 
                employees of new small business concerns participating 
                in the program of the eligible entity;
            ``(2) for all eligible entities--
                    ``(A) the number of new small business concerns 
                assisted or anticipated to be assisted by the eligible 
                entity;
                    ``(B) the number of new small business concerns 
                applying or anticipated to apply for assistance from 
                the eligible entity;
                    ``(C) whether the program of the eligible entity 
                provides or would provide assistance to individuals in 
                gender, racial, or ethnic groups underrepresented by 
                existing programs to assist new small business 
                concerns; and
                    ``(D) other metrics determined appropriate by the 
                Administrator;
            ``(3) the need in the geographic area to be served by the 
        program to be carried out using the prize for additional 
        assistance for new small business concerns, if the area has 
        sufficient population density, as determined by the 
        Administrator;
            ``(4) the level of experience of the entrepreneurial 
        leadership of the eligible entity; and
            ``(5) the ability of the eligible entity to use and 
        leverage local strengths, including human resources, 
        infrastructure, and educational institutions.
    ``(f) Matching Nonpublic Funding Requirement.--
            ``(1) In general.--An eligible entity receiving a prize 
        under this section shall obtain funds from a private individual 
        or entity (including a for profit or nonprofit entity) that 
        are--
                    ``(A) for the same purposes as a prize may be made 
                under this section;
                    ``(B) used to carry out the program of the eligible 
                entity carried out using the prize under this section; 
                and
                    ``(C) in an amount that is not to be less than 50 
                percent of the amount of the prize under this section.
            ``(2) Form of non-federal share.--Not more than 25 percent 
        of the funds obtained under paragraph (1) may be in the form of 
        in-kind contributions.
    ``(g) Consequences of Failure To Abide by Terms and Conditions of 
Prize or Requirements of This Section.--The Administrator shall notify 
each eligible entity receiving a prize under this section that failure 
to abide by the terms and conditions of the prize or the requirements 
of this section may, in the discretion of the Administrator and in 
addition to any other civil or criminal consequences, result in the 
Administrator ordering the eligible entity to return the prize funds.
    ``(h) Annual Progress Reporting by Recipients of Prize.--Each 
eligible entity receiving a prize under this section shall submit to 
the Administrator an annual report on the progress of the program 
carried out using the amounts received under the prize, including--
            ``(1) the number of new small business concerns 
        participating in the program during each of the previous 3 
        years;
            ``(2) the number of new small business concerns applying to 
        participate in the program during each of the previous 3 years;
            ``(3) the retention rate of new small business concerns in 
        the program;
            ``(4) the average period of participation in the program by 
        new small business concerns;
            ``(5) the total, average, and median capital raised by new 
        small business concerns participating in the program;
            ``(6) the total, average, and median number of employees of 
        new small business concerns participating in the program; and
            ``(7) other metrics determined appropriate by the 
        Administrator.
    ``(i) Report to Congress.--The Administrator shall submit to 
Congress an annual report on the program under this section, which 
shall include an assessment of the effectiveness of the program, 
including an assessment based on the metrics listed in subsection (h).
    ``(j) Coordination With Other Small Business Administration 
Programs.--The Administrator shall take appropriate action to encourage 
eligible entities receiving a prize under this section to use and 
incorporate other programs of the Administration, such as small 
business development centers, small business investment companies, 
loans under section 7(a), and assistance under title V of the Small 
Business Investment Act of 1958 (15 U.S.C. 695 et seq.).
    ``(k) Listing on Website.--The Administrator shall include a list 
of eligible entities receiving a prize under this section on the 
website of the Administration.
    ``(l) Authorization of Appropriation.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of the first 
5 fiscal years beginning after the date of the enactment of this 
section.''.

SOLUTION: Startup Opportunity Accelerator Act of 2014 or the SOAR Act - Amends the Small Business Act to require the Administrator of the Small Business Administration (SBA) to develop a program to award cash prizes of up to $50,000 to organizations in the United States whose primary purpose is to support new small businesses that have been in operation for five years or less. Authorizes the use of a prize for construction costs, space acquisition, and programmatic purposes. Prohibits its use for capital or professional services to new small businesses. Requires a prize recipient to provide assistance to at least 10 new small businesses per year. 

PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Medicare Spending Transparency Act 
of 2011''.

SEC. 2. PUBLIC AVAILABILITY OF AGGREGATE DATA ON MEDICARE PROVIDERS OF 
              SERVICES AND SUPPLIERS.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to make aggregate 
information about providers of services and suppliers under the 
Medicare program under title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1395 et seq.) publicly available and to provide a new level of 
transparency in such program.
    (b) Public Availability.--Section 1128J of the Social Security Act 
(42 U.S.C. 1320a-7k) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
subsection:
    ``(f) Public Availability of Certain Medicare Data.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall, to the extent 
        consistent with applicable information, privacy, security, and 
        disclosure laws, including the regulations promulgated under 
        the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 
        and section 552a of title 5, United States Code, make available 
        to the public on the Internet website of the Centers for 
        Medicare & Medicaid Services the following data with respect to 
        title XVIII:
                    ``(A) A complete list of the providers of services 
                and suppliers participating in the program under such 
                title, including the business address of such providers 
                of services and suppliers.
                    ``(B) Aggregate information about each such 
                provider of services and supplier, including--
                            ``(i) the total number of individuals 
                        furnished items or services by the provider of 
                        services or supplier for which payment was made 
                        under such title during the preceding year;
                            ``(ii) the number of unique patient 
                        encounters conducted by the provider of 
                        services or supplier for which payment was made 
                        under such title during the preceding year;
                            ``(iii) the average number of codes billed 
                        under such title by the provider of services of 
                        supplier per patient encounter during the 
                        preceding year;
                            ``(iv) the total amount paid to such 
                        provider of services or supplier under such 
                        title during the preceding year;
                            ``(v) the top 50 billing codes on claims 
                        paid under such title to the provider of 
                        services or supplier during the preceding year, 
                        as determined by volume, including a 
                        description of such codes;
                            ``(vi) the top 50 billing codes on such 
                        claims paid during such year, as determined by 
                        dollar amount, including a description of such 
                        codes; and
                            ``(vii) the top 50 diagnosis and procedure 
                        code pairs on such claims paid during such 
                        year, as determined by volume, including a 
                        description of such codes.
            ``(2) Implementation.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
        of enactment of the Medicare Spending Transparency Act of 2011, 
        the Secretary shall promulgate regulations to carry out this 
        subsection.''.

SEC. 3. ACCESS TO MEDICARE CLAIMS AND PAYMENT DATA BY QUALIFIED 
              INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to allow qualified 
individuals and groups access to information on claims and payment data 
under the Medicare program for purposes of conducting health research 
and detecting fraud under such program.
    (b) Access to Medicare Claims and Payment Data by Qualified 
Individuals and Groups.--Section 1128J of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1320a-7k), as amended by section 2, is amended by adding at the 
end the following new subsection:
    ``(g) Access to Medicare Claims and Payment Data by Qualified 
Individuals and Groups.--
            ``(1) In general.--For purposes of conducting health 
        research and detecting fraud under title XVIII, and to the 
        extent consistent with applicable information, privacy, 
        security, and disclosure laws, including the regulations 
        promulgated under the Health Insurance Portability and 
        Accountability Act of 1996 and section 552a of title 5, United 
        States Code, and subject to any information systems security 
        requirements under such laws or otherwise required by the 
        Secretary, a qualified individual or group shall have access to 
        claims and payment data of the Department of Health and Human 
        Services and its contractors related to title XVIII. 
        Notwithstanding any other provision of law, such data shall 
        include the identity of individual providers of services and 
        suppliers under such title.
            ``(2) Definition of qualified individual or group.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In this subsection, the term 
                `qualified individual or group' means an individual or 
                entity that the Secretary has determined, in accordance 
                with subparagraph (B), has relevant experience, 
                knowledge, and technical expertise in medicine, 
                statistics, health care billing, practice patterns, 
                health care fraud detection, and analysis to use data 
                provided to the individual or the entity under this 
                subsection in an appropriate, responsible, and ethical 
                manner and for the purposes described in paragraph (1).
                    ``(B) Procedures.--The Secretary shall establish 
                procedures for determining, in a timely manner, whether 
                an individual or entity is a qualified individual or 
                group.
            ``(3) Procedures.--The Secretary shall establish procedures 
        for the storage and use of data provided to a qualified 
        individual or group under this subsection. Such procedures 
        shall ensure that, in the case where the qualified individual 
        or group publishes an analysis of such data (or any analysis 
        using such data), the qualified individual or group discloses 
        the following information (in a form and manner, and at a time, 
        specified by the Secretary):
                    ``(A) The name of the qualified individual or 
                group.
                    ``(B) The sources of any funding for the qualified 
                individual or group.
                    ``(C) Any employer or other relevant affiliations 
                of the qualified individual or group.
                    ``(D) The data analysis methods used by the 
                qualified individual or group in the analysis 
                involved.''.

SOLUTION: Medicare Spending Transparency Act of 2011 - Amends title XI of the Social Security Act (SSA) to direct the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS), consistent with applicable information, privacy, security, and disclosure laws, to make public on the Internet website of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services the following data with respect to SSA title XVIII (Medicare): (1) a complete list of service providers and suppliers participating in the Medicare program, including their business addresses; and (2) certain aggregate information about each provider and supplier.

Entitles a qualified individual or group, for health research and fraud detection purposes, to access to Medicare claims and payment data of both HHS and its contractors. Directs the Secretary to establish procedures for the storage and use of data provided to such an individual or group.

PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Sound Science in Risk Assessment 
Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds that--
            (1) as of the date of enactment of this Act, approximately 
        $140,000,000,000 per year, over 2 percent of the annual gross 
        national product of the United States, is being spent on 
        environmental compliance, and the amount being spent is 
        expected to rise substantially;
            (2) unfunded Federal environmental mandates are straining 
        the budgets of State and local governments and may diminish the 
        financial resources available for other important public 
        programs and services;
            (3) an environmental risk assessment developed by the 
        Environmental Protection Agency is often perceived as not 
        containing sufficient scientific objectivity, absence of bias, 
        clarity, or consistency to serve as a sound and credible basis 
        for protecting public health and safety, determining 
        environmental protection needs and priorities, making 
        regulatory decisions, or allocating limited financial 
        resources; and
            (4) Executive Order No. 12866 (5 U.S.C. 601 note; relating 
        to regulatory planning and review) requires a decision by a 
        Federal agency to be based on the best reasonably obtainable 
        scientific and technical information, and embodies the 
        principle of openness in government.

SEC. 3. RISK ASSESSMENT PRINCIPLES.

    In accordance with this Act, the Administrator of the Environmental 
Protection Agency (referred to in this Act as the ``Administrator'') 
shall develop rules, proposed rules, and review procedures that provide 
that--
            (1) risk assessments shall be--
                    (A) consistent;
                    (B) of high technical quality;
                    (C) scientifically objective; and
                    (D) unbiased; and
            (2) significant uncertainties regarding facts, scientific 
        knowledge, the validity of analytical techniques, or numerical 
        risk estimates are clearly disclosed in terms readily 
        understandable to the public.

SEC. 4. PROPOSED RULES.

    (a) Proposed General Rules.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall issue, in accordance 
with section 3, proposed rules that--
            (1) set forth uniform general procedures governing risk 
        assessments conducted by the Environmental Protection Agency; 
        and
            (2) incorporate, to the extent the Administrator considers 
        advisable, relevant guidelines existing prior to the issuance 
        of the proposed rules.
    (b) Distinctive Approaches, Techniques, or Methodologies.--
            (1) Proposed distinctive rules.--Not later than 1 year 
        after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
        shall issue, in accordance with section 3, proposed rules to 
        govern use of a distinctive type of risk assessment approach, 
        technique, or methodology. The rules shall specify the minimum 
        standard for a risk assessment approach that is appropriate for 
        the scale of the problem to be assessed, the level of 
        scientific understanding, and the available data.
            (2) Use of distinctive approaches, techniques, or 
        methodologies.--In accordance with section 3, the Administrator 
        shall determine the distinctive types of risk assessment 
        approaches, techniques, or methodologies for which a proposed 
        rule will be issued pursuant to paragraph (1). The 
        Administrator shall include risk assessment approaches, 
        techniques, or methodologies that utilize epidemiological data. 
        In the case of an approach, a technique, or a methodology not 
        in use prior to the date of enactment of this Act, the 
        Administrator shall develop rules to govern the distinctive use 
        of the approach, technique, or methodology before using the 
        approach, technique, or methodology in a risk assessment.

SEC. 5. RISK ASSESSMENT REVIEW.

    (a) Review Procedures.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall issue procedures, in 
accordance with section 3, for the review and revision of a risk 
assessment completed prior to the enactment of this Act or the issuance 
of final risk assessment rules under section 6.
    (b) Basis for Review.--
            (1) Criteria for review.--A review of a risk assessment in 
        accordance with the procedures issued under subsection (a) 
        shall be conducted by the Administrator on the written petition 
        of a person if--
                    (A) the risk assessment is inconsistent with the 
                principles set forth in section 3;
                    (B) the risk assessment is inconsistent with a rule 
                issued under section 4; or
                    (C) the risk assessment does not take into account 
                significant new scientific data or scientific 
                understanding.
            (2) Response to petition.--Not later than 60 days after 
        receiving a petition under paragraph (1), the Administrator 
        shall respond to the petition by agreeing or declining to 
        review the risk assessment referred to in the petition, and 
        shall state the basis for the decision.
            (3) Judicial review.--Denial of a petition by the 
        Administrator shall be subject to judicial review in accordance 
        with chapter 7 of title 5, United States Code.

SEC. 6. FINAL RULES.

    (a) Notice and Comment Procedures.--Not later than 270 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, in accordance with section 553 of 
title 5, United States Code, the Administrator shall publish in the 
Federal Register a list of risk assessment approaches, techniques, or 
methodologies for which a rule shall be issued under subsection (b), 
after taking into account comments by the public, Federal agencies, 
States, municipalities, experts in the scientific community, and such 
other persons as the Administrator considers advisable.
    (b) Issuance of Final Rules.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
of enactment of this Act, in accordance with sections 3 and 4 of this 
Act and section 553 of title 5, United States Code, the Administrator 
shall publish in the Federal Register final rules, after taking into 
account comments by the public, Federal agencies, States, 
municipalities, experts in the scientific community, and such other 
persons as the Administrator considers advisable.

SEC. 7. PRIVATE RIGHTS OF ACTION PRECLUDED.

    Nothing in this Act shall give rise to a private right of action 
seeking damages against the United States or against an agency or 
instrumentality of the United States.

SOLUTION:
Sound Science in Risk Assessment Act - Directs the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop rules and review procedures that provide that:  (1) risk assessments are consistent, of high technical quality, scientifically objective, and unbiased; and (2) significant uncertainties regarding facts, scientific knowledge, the validity of analytical techniques, or numerical risk estimates are clearly disclosed in terms readily understandable to the public. 
Requires the Administrator to issue proposed rules that:  (1) set forth uniform general procedures governing risk assessments conducted by EPA and incorporate relevant guidelines existing prior to the issuance of such rules; and (2) govern use of a distinctive type of risk assessment approach, technique, or methodology. 
Directs the Administrator to issue procedures for the review and revision of a risk assessment completed prior to this Act's enactment or the issuance of final risk assessment rules.  Permits petitions to the Administrator to perform reviews under certain conditions. 
Requires the Administrator to issue final rules for risk assessment approaches, techniques, or methodologies after taking into account comments by the public.