In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

In this work, a definition of justice as "what is good for the stronger" is given by Thrasymachus. In this work, a story about the killer of King Candaules of Lydia is used to describe how people are just out of necessity. That story in this work tells of the [*] "Ring of Gyges." This work describes chained prisoners who watch shadows pass before them. This work combines ideas about the "divided line" and the sun into its "Allegory of the Cave." For 10 points, name this work that proposes a government ruled by philosopher kings, a dialogue on government by Plato.
Literature

In one story, a goddess was persuaded by a fox to sleep with this figure, and she subsequently fathered eight gods who could cure eight different body parts. This deity was sometimes known as the "Lord of semen," and in one story his semen caused seven different types of plants to sprout from the earth. This figure asked a sun god to make footprints in the ground so that he could fill them with water, giving life to a barren island called Dilmun. This figure saved humanity by warning Atrahasis of a coming flood and, in another story, the misfortunes of humans were a result of a contest between this figure and Ninhursag. This figure causes a confusion of tongues in a speech to Enmerkar, and he was sometimes represented as half-goat and half-fish. Commonly called the "Lord of Abzu," this figure ruled from the city of Eridu and in one story was seduced by the goddess Inanna. For 10 points, identify this Sumerian deity of knowledge, fertility, and water, who was later identified with the Babylonian Ea.
Social Science

Michael Nyman quoted this composer in his works Chasing Sheep is Best Left to Shepherds and Memorial. This composer used four flatt trumpets, a type of slide trumpet, in a march and canzona that he wrote for a royal funeral. He included the ground-bass song "Music for a while" in his incidental music for a play on the Oedipus story, and he included the countertenor duet "Sound the trumpet" in his birthday ode "Come, Ye Sons of Art." This composer also wrote the "Monkey's Dance," which is followed by the Chinese Woman's aria "Hark! Now the Echoing Air," in a work in which Juno sings (*) "Thrice Happy Lovers" and "The Plaint," and the character of The Drunken Poet is added to an adaptation of A Midsummer Night's Dream. Dioclesian, King Arthur, and The Fairy-Queen are among this composer's semi-operas. For 10 points, name this English composer who included the lament "When I am laid in earth" in his opera Dido and Aeneas.

Fine Arts