In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Input: Consider Input: Context: Reduction-oxidation (redox) signaling, the translation of an oxidative intracellular environment into a cellular response, is mediated by the reversible oxidation of specific cysteine thiols. The latter can result in disulfide formation between protein hetero- or homodimers that alter protein function until the local cellular redox environment has returned to the basal state. We have previously shown that this mechanism promotes the nuclear localization and activity of the Forkhead Box O4 (FOXO4) transcription factor.', 'In this study, we sought to investigate whether redox signaling differentially controls the human FOXO3 and FOXO4 paralogs.', 'We present evidence that FOXO3 and FOXO4 have acquired paralog-specific cysteines throughout vertebrate evolution. Using a proteome-wide screen, we identified previously unknown redox-dependent FOXO3 interaction partners. The nuclear import receptors Importin-7 (IPO7) and Importin-8 (IPO8) form a disulfide-dependent heterodimer with FOXO3, which is required for its reactive oxygen species-induced nuclear translocation. FOXO4 does not interact with IPO7 or IPO8.\Question: Does evolutionary acquisition of cysteines determine FOXO paralog-specific redox signaling?

Output: IPO7 and IPO8 control the nuclear import of FOXO3, but not FOXO4, in a redox-sensitive and disulfide-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that evolutionary acquisition of cysteines has contributed to regulatory divergence of FOXO paralogs, and that phylogenetic analysis can aid in the identification of cysteines involved in redox signaling.


Input: Consider Input: Context: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) was shown to improve the immune function and survival in experimental sepsis. This study examined the effect of DHEA on intestinal leukocyte recruitment during experimental sepsis, considering factors of gender (male, female and ovariectomized female animals) and combined treatment using orthovanadate (OV) in two models of sepsis.', 'Male rats underwent colon ascendens stent peritonitis (CASP) or endotoxemia. DHEA was administered after induction of experimental sepsis. Changes in leukocyte adherence and capillary perfusion (measured as intestinal functional capillary density - FCD) were assessed using intravital microscopy. While DHEA increased baseline leukocyte adherence in control animals, DHEA reduced leukocyte adherence and increased FCD in male animals with CASP. These effects were also observed in DHEA-treated ovariectomized female rats with CASP. Similarly, the administration of DHEA reduced the number of adherent leukocytes to intestinal venules by 30% in the endotoxemia model. The combined treatment of DHEA and OV significantly reduced adherence of leukocytes to intestinal venules and improved FCD.\Question: Does combination of dehydroepiandrosterone and orthovanadate administration reduce intestinal leukocyte recruitment in models of experimental sepsis?

Output: Our results indicate that DHEA is able to reduce intestinal leukocyte recruitment induced by experimental sepsis. Combination of DHEA with OV inhibits leukocyte adherence to intestinal endothelium, similar to what is achieved by the single administration of DHEA but with significantly improved FCD. These findings suggest a potential role for DHEA and OV in clinical sepsis.


Input: Consider Input: Context: The aim of the present study was to investigate to what extent personality and choice of coping predicted self-reported quality of life (QoL) in successfully treated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients.', 'We determined QoL by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ) C30/H&N35, personality by the Eysenck Personality Inventory and coping by the COPE questionnaire. All patients younger than 80 years who had been diagnosed with HNSCC in Western Norway in the period from 1992 to1997, and who had survived until 1999, were sampled. Ninety-six patients (90% response rate) were included 48+/-2 months after diagnosis. Fifty-five of 58 eligible patients were interviewed a second time 47+/-1 months after the first interview where neuroticism and QoL questionnaires were answered.', 'Numerical T stage was inversely associated with the second QoL scores (CV: 10-24%). High neuroticism generally predicted low secondary QoL scores both directly (common variance: 17-25%) and adjusted by the QoL values measured simultaneously as the neuroticism (CV: 11-25%). Avoidance focused, problem focused, drinking to cope and coping by humor all predicted QoL scores (CV: 8.5-15%). The present association pattern could still be shown when adjusted for gender, age and educational level when studied by multiple regression analyses.\Question: Do personality and choice of coping predict quality of life in head and neck cancer patients during follow-up?


Output: In conclusion, a high T stage, high neuroticism, coping by humor and coping by problem solving directly predicted low QoL whereas neuroticism was also associated with QoL through avoidance coping.