instruction:
In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision.  Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
question:
the trial court erroneously classified property as marital when in fact it was non-marital, the question becomes what relief, if any, this court ought to grant. “The erroneous characterization of property requires reversal of the order dividing marital property if the error materially impacts the overall distribution of the marital property.” Halupa v. Halupa, 943 S.W.2d 272, 278 (Mo.App. E.D.1997). Here, by our calculation, the difference in the calculation is roughly five thousand dollars. The trial court awarded to each party a percentage of the property based on their respective contributions. The trial court was free to conclude that Wife was entitled to a share of the value of the home due to her significant contributions. Moritz v. Moritz, 844 S.W.2d 109, 112 (Mo.App. W.D.1992)(<HOLDING>). Because the property was not transmuted, it 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that a nonowning spouse is entitled to some benefit when marital funds are used to improve nonmarital property (B) holding that a trial court may find that a nonowning spouse is entitled to some benefit by reason of marital funds having been used to pay off debts on the owning spouses nonmarital property (C) holding that home purchased with separate funds and titled in one spouses name was transmuted into marital property because home was used as marital residence and the other spouse contributed to payments and repairs on home (D) holding that clear language in one portion of a later may cause ambiguity in another portion to dissipate (E) holding that one spouse may be entitled to a portion of the equity in home purchased with nonmarital funds
answer:
(E)


question:
charge for each item or items. The Trial Court, however, refused to admit the last page of the bill that contained only a description of miscellaneous and a corresponding charge. Plaintiff had no testimony or other evidence to explain to the jury anything about the charge listed on the last page of the bill. The Trial Court stated such a description would force the jury to speculate regarding what supplies were encompassed within the charge for these miscellaneous items. A jury may not engage in speculation. Stringer v. Cooper, 486 S.W.2d 751, 756 (Tenn.Ct.App.1972) (stating “we understand the holding in those cases and many more like them to be that a jury may not speculate as to cause when one is not shown.... ”); Moon v. Johnston, 47 Tenn.App. 208, 337 S.W.2d 464, 469 (1959) (<HOLDING>). Without any testimony or other evidence to 
 Holding statements: (A) holding where reasonable difference of opinion as to whether the defendants act was the or a proximate cause of the injury the matter is for the jury to decide (B) holding a jury is not permitted to speculate or guess as to proximate cause (C) holding that a physicians negligence need only be a proximate cause not the proximate cause of plaintiffs injury (D) holding proximate cause almost always a question solely for the jury (E) holding that negligence must be the proximate cause of injury
answer:
(B)


question:
responsibility for managing LES during the ARS freeze was transferred to the LFG Board of Directors, there are insufficient facts currently in the record to support this contention. Whether any such abdication occurred is a factual matter that cannot be resolved by a motion to dismiss under Rule 12(b)(6). The LFG Trustee has properly stated a claim for the breach of fiduciary duty against the LES Directors under Maryland law. Claims Against the LES Officers In Maryland, officers as well as directors are fiduciaries of a corporation and owe fiduciary duties accordingly. Shenker v. Laureate Educ., 411 Md. 317, 983 A.2d 408, 419 (2009) (stating that the duties owed by officers of a corporation are set forth in § 2-405.1(a)). See also Gantler v. Stephens, 965 A.2d 695, 708-09 (Del.2009) (<HOLDING>). Officers are also subject to general agency 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that where the policy names only the directors or officers as insured the proceeds are not property of the estate (B) holding that causes of actions against directors of corporations for breach of fiduciary duty are contract actions (C) holding that a breach of duties that a fiduciary contractually assumes beyond those duties imposed by law is considered to arise out of contract (D) holding that under delaware law the fiduciary duties of officers are the same as those of directors (E) holding that directors and officers are fiduciaries
answer:

(D)