In this task, You are given an open-domain question that can be answered based on factual information. Your task is to provide \*short\* answer (in a few words only) for the given question. The short answer can be one or more entities or it can also be boolean \*yes\* or \*no\*.

who was the lead architect that designed the world trade center and when was he born
December 1, 1912

what is the old name for south africa
Union of South Africa

when did they start saying the pledge of allegiance in schools

October 12, 1892