TASK DEFINITION: Given a document, find the main entity about whom the author is writing. Write the full name if mentioned in the text. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
PROBLEM: Itâs always the anniversary of something or other. In November  we have the Russian Revolution and the Balfour Declaration  and this week marks the 500th year since  Martin Luther  challenged the Catholic Church with  his  95 theses. Given the loopy Zeitgeist of our times  I should rush into the street and mark the occasion by defacing Protestant churches with the customary red paint of protest. Luther  after all  was more than the creator of Protestantism. He was also a rotten anti-Semite.
But does  Luther  also deserve a splash of red? The evidence is pretty shocking  not to mention definitive. In 1543   he  published âOn the Jews and Their Lies â in which  he  called my ancestors âbase and whoring peopleâ full of the âdevilâs feces . . . they wallow in like swine.â
 He  had all sorts of ideas for what to do with the Jews  including the wholesale liquidation of their synagogues  even homes  and a ban on the teaching of their rabbis âon pain of loss of life and limb.â
To be sure  Lutherâs Jew-hatred was typical for the time  but  Luther himself  was hardly typical.  He  was a powerful  colloquial writer  and  his  words surely had some effect.  He  was the founder of a church  or a movement  that now numbers nearly 1 billion.
But more pertinently   he  provided a religious imprimatur to German anti-Semitism  which culminated in the Holocaust.  Luther  was often cited by the Nazis  but it would be wrong to blame  him  alone for the murder of 6 million souls.
As far as Iâm concerned   Luther  is a flawed figure. I can appreciate â even applaud â  his  reforms  but they mean little to  me . Nevertheless  I spare  him  the red paint because I know  his  Jew-hatred is hugely negligible compared with the Reformation  he  initiated and  not insignificantly  the role  he  played in encouraging literacy.  He  wrote in German  not Latin  and like the Hebrews  he  so despised   he  interposed no one between man and God. One had to read the Bible.
I pick and choose  my symbolic can of red paint always at the ready. But when it comes to those Confederate generals  they unambiguously stand for slavery  racism and the vile nostalgia for the so-called Lost Cause that prompted the erection of so many memorials. I cherish my Bach  feel bully about T.R. and acknowledge the immense importance of Martin Luther. He did more good than bad.

SOLUTION: Martin Luther

PROBLEM: Fannie and Freddie buy mortgages and package them into securities with a guarantee against default.
 Fannie and Freddie have a legal right to return bad loans  especially if they later discover fraudulent statements on applications. Any money they recover offsets their losses.
 A bigger headache for lawmakers is figuring out what to do with Fannie and Freddie in the future.
 The Obama administration is working on a plan to restructure the mortgage market and make sure home loans are affordable. Officials don't plan to release details until next year. But Michael Barr  an assistant Treasury secretary  told the panel Wednesday that Fannie and Freddie "will not exist in the same form as they did in the past."
 Republicans have seized on the administration's management of Fannie and Freddie to illustrate Democrats' push for broadening the reach of the federal government. They say loans acquired by Fannie and Freddie since the September 2008 takeover have put taxpayers at risk.
 But Democrats and regulators say the loans acquired by Fannie and Freddie before their takeover represent the overwhelming majority of the companies' losses. New loans acquired since then have been performing well  they note.
 "There is no urgency " to reform the two companies  said Rep. Barney Frank  the committee's chairman. "The pattern of abuse they had engaged in has been changed...Fannie and Freddie are behaving differently and are causing far less problems."

SOLUTION: Freddie Freddie

PROBLEM: Simone Biles has largely spent the past year working with different charities. (Bryan Bedder/Getty Images for The Buoniconti Fund to Cure Paralysis)
Itâs a great time for Team USA gymnastics. Less than a week after 16-year-old American Morgan Hurd upset the international favorites to win the all-around title at worlds in Montreal  2016 Olympic phenom  Simone Biles  announced  she  will return to full-time training on Nov. 1 after just over a year off.  Her  ultimate goal is to compete at the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo.
âItâs going to be rough â the 20-year-old told NBC Sports on Thursday  noting  she âll also be employing a new coach  who  she âll name later. âBut the muscle memory is there because Iâve come and Iâve played in the gym. All of my skills are basically still there. There are a couple of skills  like on [balance] beam  that I havenât done yet  like a dismount  because why would I just chuck that? Thereâs no way. And I havenât vaulted since the Olympics.â
 [Simone Biles not â ashamedâ to say  she  has ADHD after anti-doping database hack]
 Biles  is giving  herself  plenty of time to get back into top form compared to previous Olympians  including 2016 teammates Gabby Douglas and Aly Raisman  who took more than two years off after the 2012 Olympics in London to begin training for last summerâs Games in Rio de Janeiro.
 Biles   whose combined total of 19 world championships and Olympic medals make  her  the most decorated American gymnast ever  said  her  immediate goal is to begin competing on some apparatuses by mid-July  but by the P&G Championships in August to start competing in the all-around category again.
As for up-and-comers like Hurd   Biles  is complimentary.
â[Hurd] is still fairly young  and  she  handled the pressure because  she âs never been on a stage like that â  Biles  said.
Hurd wonât be the only competition that has emerged while  Biles  has spent the last year traveling and promoting several charities. Olympic alternate Ragan Smith  17  has stepped up  her  game  as well  winning the U.S. championship to assert  herself  as a favorite going into worlds. Smith was unable to compete  however  due to a last-minute ankle injury  she  sustained while warming up on the vault.
 Biles  may get a chance to mingle with both if  she  chooses to participate in a U.S. national team camp in January. Right now   she  said  she âll âprobablyâ attend  but  she  wonât be doing anything intensive if  she  goes.
â[Iâd go] just to get back in the swing of things â  Biles  told NBC Sports. âAt least Iâll be back in the rhythm to just go in there and do whatever I need to do. And be with the national team coaches so they can get me up to date on all the new rules and everything.â

SOLUTION:
Simone Biles