In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

Ex Input:
SECTION 1. ESTABLISHMENT OF NEW FASHION MODEL NONIMMIGRANT 
              CLASSIFICATION.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) New classification.--Section 101(a)(15)(P) of the 
        Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(P)) is 
        amended--
                    (A) in clause (iii), by striking ``or'' at the end;
                    (B) in clause (iv), by striking ``clause (i), (ii), 
                or (iii)'' and inserting ``clause (i), (ii), (iii), or 
                (iv)'';
                    (C) by redesignating clause (iv) as clause (v); and
                    (D) by inserting after clause (iii) the following:
                    ``(iv) is a fashion model who is of distinguished 
                merit and ability and who is seeking to enter the 
                United States temporarily to perform fashion modeling 
                services that involve events or productions which have 
                a distinguished reputation or that are performed for an 
                organization or establishment that has a distinguished 
                reputation for, or a record of, utilizing prominent 
                modeling talent; or''.
            (2) Authorized period of stay.--Section 214(a)(2)(B) of the 
        Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1184(a)(2)(B)) is 
        amended in the second sentence--
                    (A) by inserting ``or fashion models'' after 
                ``athletes''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``or fashion model'' after 
                ``athlete''.
            (3) Numerical limitation.--Section 214(c)(4) of the 
        Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1184(c)(4)) is 
        amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(I)(i) The total number of aliens who may be issued visas or 
otherwise provided nonimmigrant status during any fiscal year under 
section 101(a)(15)(P)(iv) may not exceed 1,000.
    ``(ii) The numerical limitation established by clause (i) shall 
only apply to principal aliens and not to the spouses or children of 
such aliens.
    ``(iii) An alien who has already been counted toward the limitation 
established by clause (i) shall not be counted again during the same 
period of stay or authorized extension under subsection (a)(2)(B), 
irrespective of whether there is a change in petitioner under 
subparagraph (C).''.
            (4) Consultation.--
                    (A) In general.--Section 214(c)(4)(D) of the 
                Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
                1184(c)(4)(D)) is amended by striking ``clause (i) or 
                (iii)'' and inserting ``clause (i), (iii), or (iv)''.
                    (B) Advisory opinion.--Section 214(c)(6)(A)(iii) of 
                the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
                1184(c)(6)(A)(iii)) is amended--
                            (i) by striking ``section 101(a)(15)(P)(i) 
                        or 101(a)(15)(P)(iii),'' and inserting ``clause 
                        (i), (iii), or (iv) of section 
                        101(a)(15)(P),''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``of athletics or 
                        entertainment''.
                    (C) Expedited procedures.--Section 214(c)(6)(E)(i) 
                of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
                1184(c)(6)(E)(i)) is amended by striking ``artists or 
                entertainers'' and inserting ``artists, entertainers, 
                or fashion models''.
    (b) Elimination of H-1B Classification for Fashion Models.--Section 
101(a)(15)(H)(i)(b) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
1101(a)(15)(H)(i)(b)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``or as a fashion model''; and
            (2) by striking ``or, in the case of a fashion model, is of 
        distinguished merit and ability''.
    (c) Effective Date and Implementation.--
            (1) In general.--The amendments made by this section shall 
        take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.
            (2) Regulations, guidelines, and precedents.--The 
        regulations, guidelines and precedents in effect on the date of 
        the enactment of this Act for the adjudication of petitions for 
        fashion models under section 101(a)(15)(H)(i)(b) of the 
        Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
        1101(a)(15)(H)(i)(b)), shall be applied to petitions for 
        fashion models under section 101(a)(15)(P)(iv) of the 
        Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(P)(iv)), 
        as added by this Act, except to the extent modified by the 
        Secretary of Homeland Security through final regulations (not 
        through interim regulations) promulgated in accordance with 
        subchapter II of chapter 5, and chapter 7, of title 5, United 
        States Code (commonly known as the ``Administrative Procedure 
        Act'').
            (3) Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
        construed as preventing an alien who is a fashion model from 
        obtaining nonimmigrant status under section 101(a)(15)(O)(i) of 
        the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
        1101(a)(15)(O)(i)) if such alien is otherwise qualified for 
        such status.
            (4) Treatment of pending petitions.--Petitions filed on 
        behalf of fashion models under section 101(a)(15)(H)(i)(b) of 
        the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
        1101(a)(15)(H)(i)(b)) that are pending on the date of the 
        enactment of this Act shall be treated as if they had been 
        filed under section 101(a)(15)(P)(iv) of the Immigration and 
        Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(P)(iv)), as added by this 
        Act.

Ex Output:
Amends the Immigration and Nationality Act to replace the current nonimmigrant (H-1B) visa category for fashion models with a new (P-4) visa category.

Defines such category as a fashion model who is of distinguished merit and ability and who is seeking to enter the United States temporarily to perform fashion modeling services that involve events or productions which have a distinguished reputation or that are performed for an organization or establishment that has a distinguished reputation for, or a record of, utilizing prominent modeling talent.

Provides that such entrants may not: (1) exceed 1,000 in any fiscal year, not including accompanying spouses or children; and (2) stay in the United States for more than 10 years (initial five-year period with one five-year extension).

Makes an employer petition for such alien models eligible for expedited consultation procedures.

States that applicable H-1B regulations, guidelines, and precedents in effect on the date of the enactment of this Act for the adjudication of fashion model petitions shall be applied to P-4 petitions, except to the extent modified by the Secretary of Homeland Security.


Ex Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``National Volcano Early Warning and 
Monitoring System Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of the Interior, acting through the Director of the United 
        States Geological Survey.
            (2) System.--The term ``System'' means the National Volcano 
        Early Warning and Monitoring System established under section 
        3(a)(1).

SEC. 3. NATIONAL VOLCANO EARLY WARNING AND MONITORING SYSTEM.

    (a) Establishment.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish within the 
        United States Geological Survey a system, to be known as the 
        ``National Volcano Early Warning and Monitoring System'', to 
        monitor, warn, and protect citizens of the United States from 
        undue and avoidable harm from volcanic activity.
            (2) Purposes.--The purposes of the System are--
                    (A) to organize, modernize, standardize, and 
                stabilize the monitoring systems of the volcano 
                observatories in the United States, which include the 
                Alaska Volcano Observatory, California Volcano 
                Observatory, Cascades Volcano Observatory, Hawaiian 
                Volcano Observatory, Yellowstone Volcano Observatory, 
                and other volcano observatories established under 
                subsection (d); and
                    (B) to unify the monitoring systems of volcano 
                observatories in the United States into a single 
                interoperative system.
            (3) Objective.--The objective of the System is to monitor 
        all the volcanoes in the United States at a level commensurate 
        with the threat posed by the volcanoes by--
                    (A) upgrading existing networks on monitored 
                volcanoes;
                    (B) installing new networks on unmonitored 
                volcanoes; and
                    (C) employing geodetic and other components when 
                applicable.
    (b) System Components.--
            (1) In general.--The System shall include--
                    (A) a national volcano watch office that is 
                operational 24 hours a day and 7 days a week;
                    (B) a national volcano data center; and
                    (C) an external grants program to support research 
                in volcano monitoring science and technology.
            (2) Modernization activities.--Modernization activities 
        under the System shall include the comprehensive application of 
        emerging technologies, including digital broadband 
        seismometers, real-time continuous Global Positioning System 
        receivers, satellite and airborne radar interferometry, 
        acoustic pressure sensors, and spectrometry to measure gas 
        emissions.
    (c) Management.--
            (1) Management plan.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the 
                date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
                submit to Congress a 5-year management plan for 
                establishing and operating the System.
                    (B) Inclusions.--The management plan submitted 
                under subparagraph (A) shall include--
                            (i) annual cost estimates for modernization 
                        activities and operation of the System;
                            (ii) annual milestones, standards, and 
                        performance goals; and
                            (iii) recommendations for, and progress 
                        towards, establishing new, or enhancing 
                        existing, partnerships to leverage resources.
            (2) Advisory committee.--The Secretary shall establish an 
        advisory committee to assist the Secretary in implementing the 
        System, to be comprised of representatives of relevant agencies 
        and members of the scientific community, to be appointed by the 
        Secretary.
            (3) Partnerships.--The Secretary may enter into cooperative 
        agreements with institutions of higher education and State or 
        territorial agencies designating the institutions of higher 
        education and State or territorial agencies as volcano 
        observatory partners for the System.
            (4) Coordination.--The Secretary shall coordinate the 
        activities under this Act with the heads of relevant Federal 
        agencies, including--
                    (A) the Secretary of Transportation;
                    (B) the Administrator of the Federal Aviation 
                Administration;
                    (C) the Administrator of the National Oceanic and 
                Atmospheric Administration; and
                    (D) the Director of the Federal Emergency 
                Management Administration.
    (d) Volcano Observatory in Pacific U.S. Territories.--
            (1) Feasibility study.--Not later than 180 days after the 
        date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall conduct a 
        study to assess the feasibility of establishing volcano 
        observatories in Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and 
        American Samoa to monitor volcanic activity across the western 
        and southern Pacific Ocean along the Ring of Fire, including 
        underwater volcanic activity in such region.
            (2) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult with 
        appropriate territorial and local entities in conducting the 
        study.
            (3) Cooperative agreement.--If the study required by 
        paragraph (1) determines that such observatories are feasible, 
        then the Secretary, subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, may enter into cooperative agreements under 
        subsection (c)(3) with institutions of higher education or 
        territorial agencies to establish such volcano observatories as 
        part of the National Volcano Early Warning and Monitoring 
        System.
    (e) Annual Report.--In each of fiscal years 2018 through 2024, the 
Secretary shall submit to Congress a report that describes the 
activities carried out under this Act.

SEC. 4. FUNDING.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this Act $15,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2018 through 2024.
    (b) Effect on Other Sources of Federal Funding.--Amounts made 
available under this section shall supplement, and not supplant, 
Federal funds made available for other United States Geological Survey 
hazards activities and programs.

Ex Output:
National Volcano Early Warning and Monitoring System Act (Sec. 3) This bill directs the United States Geological Survey (USGS) to establish the National Volcano Early Warning and Monitoring System to monitor, issue warnings of, and protect U.S. citizens from undue and avoidable harm from, volcanic activity.  The purposes of the system are to: (1) organize, modernize, standardize, and stabilize the monitoring systems of U.S. volcano observatories; and (2) unify such systems into a single interoperative system. The objective of the system is to monitor all U.S. volcanoes at a level commensurate with the threat posed by the volcanoes by: (1) upgrading existing networks on monitored volcanoes, (2) installing new networks on unmonitored volcanoes, and (3) employing geodetic and other components when applicable. The system shall include: (1) a national volcano watch office that is operational 24 hours a day and 7 days a week, (2) a national volcano data center, (3) an external grants program to support research in volcano monitoring science and technology, and (4) modernization activities including the comprehensive application of emerging technologies. The USGS must: (1) submit to Congress a five-year management plan for establishing and operating the system, and (2) establish an advisory committee to assist in implementing the system.  The USGS may enter into cooperative agreements designating institutions of higher education and state or territorial agencies as volcano observatory partners for the system. The USGS must conduct a study to assess the feasibility of establishing volcano observatories in Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and American Samoa to monitor volcanic activity across the western and southern Pacific Ocean along the Ring of Fire. If determined to be feasible, the USGS may enter into cooperative agreements with institutions of higher education or territorial agencies to establish such observatories as part of the National Volcano Early Warning and Monitoring System.


Ex Input:
SECTION 1. CREDIT EQUIVALENT TO LIMITED MARITAL DEDUCTION IN CASE OF 
              CERTAIN EMPLOYEES OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter C of chapter 11 of the Internal Revenue 
Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 2210. CREDIT EQUIVALENT TO LIMITED MARITAL DEDUCTION IN CASE OF 
              CERTAIN EMPLOYEES OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS.

    ``(a) General Rule.--In the case of a decedent to whom this section 
applies, the tax determined under section 2001(b) or 2101(b) (whichever 
is applicable) shall be reduced by the applicable marital transfer 
credit determined under subsection (c).
    ``(b) Decedents to Whom Section Applies.--This section shall apply 
to a decedent if--
            ``(1) as of the date of the decedent's death--
                    ``(A) both the decedent and the surviving spouse of 
                the decedent were not citizens of the United States and 
                not lawful permanent residents of the United States, 
                and
                    ``(B) either the decedent or the surviving spouse 
                of the decedent was a qualified international 
                organization employee, and
            ``(2) the executor of the decedent's estate waives the 
        benefits of section 2056(d)(2).
    ``(c) Applicable Marital Transfer Credit.--
            ``(1) Estates taxable under section 2001.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If the estate of the decedent is 
                taxable under section 2001, the applicable marital 
                transfer credit is the excess of--
                            ``(i) a tentative tax computed under 
                        section 2001(c) on the sum of the marital 
                        transfer amount plus $600,000, over
                            ``(ii) a tentative tax computed under 
                        section 2001(c) on $600,000.
                If the amount of the adjusted taxable gifts of the 
                decedent exceeds $600,000, the amount of such gifts 
                shall be substituted for `$600,000' in clauses (i) and 
                (ii).
                    ``(B) Limitation on marital transfer amount.--The 
                amount of the marital transfer amount taken into 
                account under subparagraph (A) shall not exceed the 
                lesser of--
                            ``(i) $600,000, or
                            ``(ii) the excess of the sum referred to in 
                        section 2001(b)(1) over $600,000.
            ``(2) Estates taxable under section 2101.--If the estate of 
        the decedent is taxable under section 2101, the applicable 
        marital transfer credit shall be determined under the 
        principles of paragraph (1) with the following modifications--
                    ``(A) the $600,000 amount set forth in subparagraph 
                (B)(i) shall be reduced by the deduction equivalent of 
                the unified credit, and
                    ``(B) the deduction equivalent of the unified 
                credit shall be substituted for `$600,000' each place 
                it appears in paragraph (1) other than subparagraph 
                (B)(i).
    ``(d) Spouse Becomes Citizen.--This section shall not apply in any 
case in which paragraph (1) of section 2056(d) does not apply by reason 
of paragraph (4) of such section.
    ``(e) Other Definitions.--For purposes of this section--
            ``(1) Qualified international organization employee.--The 
        term `qualified international organization employee' means any 
        full-time employee of an international organization whose 
        principal place of employment with such organization is in the 
        United States.
            ``(2) Marital transfer amount.--The term `marital transfer 
        amount' means the amount which would have been allowable as a 
        deduction under section 2056 or 2106(a)(3) (whichever is 
        applicable) if section 2056 were applied without regard to 
        subsection (d) thereof.
            ``(3) Adjusted taxable gifts.--The term `adjusted taxable 
        gifts' has the same meaning as when used in section 2001 or 
        2101, whichever is applicable.
            ``(4) Deduction equivalent of unified credit.--The term 
        `deduction equivalent of unified credit' means, with respect to 
        any estate taxable under section 2101, the amount on which the 
        tentative tax determined under section 2001(c) would equal the 
        unified credit allowed under section 2102(c).''
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for subchapter C of 
chapter 11 of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following 
new item:

                              ``Sec. 2210. Credit equivalent to limited 
                                        marital deduction in case of 
                                        certain employees of 
                                        international organizations.''
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to the estates of decedents dying after the date of the enactment 
of this Act.

Ex Output:

Amends the Internal Revenue Code to apply, with limitations, an estate tax credit equivalent to the limited marital deduction to a decedent in a case in which, as of the date of the decedent's death: (1) both the decedent and the surviving spouse were noncitizens of, and not lawful permanent residents of, the United States; and (2) either the decedent or his or her surviving spouse was a qualified international organization employee.  Defines a qualified international organization employee as a full-time employee of an international organization whose principal place of employment with such organization is in the United States.