In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling
--------
Question: see, e.g., r.j. griffin & co. v. beach club ii homeowners ass'n, 384 f.3d 157, 160-61 (4th cir. 2004) (""in the context of arbitration, the doctrine [of equitable estoppel] applies when one party attempts 'to hold [another party] to the terms of [an] agreement' while simultaneously trying to avoid the agreement's arbitration clause.""

Answer: non-overruling


Question: see id. like in any proximate cause analysis, an intervening event may break the chain of causation between the allegedly wrongful act and the plaintiff's injury.

Answer: non-overruling


Question: we believe this is an appropriate opportunity to overrule apollo and to establish a new standard and procedure for handling the admissibility of coconspirator statements in criminal conspiracy trials.

Answer:
overruling