Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Example Input: Context: To evaluate the clinical value of staging laparoscopy in treatment decision-making for advanced gastric cancer (GC).', 'Clinical data of 582 patients with advanced GC were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent staging laparoscopy. The strength of agreement between computed tomography (CT) stage, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) stage, laparoscopic stage, and final stage were determined by weighted Kappa statistic (Kw). The number of patients with treatment decision-changes was counted. A χ(2) test was used to analyze the correlation between peritoneal metastasis or positive cytology and clinical characteristics.', 'Among the 582 patients, the distributions of pathological T classifications were T2/3 (153, 26.3%), T4a (262, 45.0%), and T4b (167, 28.7%). Treatment plans for 211 (36.3%) patients were changed after staging laparoscopy was performed. Two (10.5%) of 19 patients in M1 regained the opportunity for potential radical resection by staging laparoscopy. Unnecessary laparotomy was avoided in 71 (12.2%) patients. The strength of agreement between preoperative T stage and final T stage was in almost perfect agreement (Kw = 0.838; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.803-0.872; P < 0.05) for staging laparoscopy; compared with CT and EUS, which was in fair agreement. The strength of agreement between preoperative M stage and final M stage was in almost perfect agreement (Kw = 0.990; 95% CI: 0.977-1.000; P < 0.05) for staging laparoscopy; compared with CT, which was in slight agreement. Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor size (≥ 40 mm), depth of tumor invasion (T4b), and Borrmann type (III or IV) were significantly correlated with either peritoneal metastasis or positive cytology. The best performance in diagnosing P-positive was obtained when two or three risk factors existed.
Answer: Staging laparoscopy can improve treatment decision-making for advanced GC and decrease unnecessary exploratory laparotomy.
Example Output: Does staging laparoscopy improve treatment decision-making for advanced gastric cancer?

Example Input: Context: Parenteral control of gastric acid hypersecretion in conditions such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) or idiopathic gastric acid hypersecretion is necessary perioperatively or when oral medications cannot be taken for other reasons (e.g., during chemotherapy, acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, or in intensive care unit settings).', 'We evaluated the efficacy and safety of 15-minute infusions of the proton pump inhibitor pantoprazole (80-120 mg every 8-12 hours) in controlling acid output for up to 7 days. Effective control was defined as acid output >10 milliequivalents per hour (mEq/h) (<5 mEq/h in patients with prior acid-reducing surgery) for 24 hours.', 'The 21 patients enrolled had a mean age of 51.9 years (range, 29-75) and a mean disease duration of 8.1 years (range, <0.5-21); 13 were male, 7 had multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type I, 4 had undergone acid-reducing surgery, 2 had received chemotherapy, and 13 had undergone gastrinoma resections without cure. Basal acid output (mean +/- SD) was 40.2 +/- 27.9 mEq/h (range, 11.2-117.9). In all patients, acid output was controlled within the first hour (mean onset of effective control, 41 minutes) after an initial 80-mg intravenous pantoprazole dose. Pantoprazole, 80 mg every 12 hours, was effective in 17 of 21 patients (81%) for up to 7 days. Four patients required upward dose titration, 2 required 120 mg pantoprazole every 12 hours, and 2 required 80 mg every 8 hours. At study end, acid output remained controlled for 6 hours beyond the next expected dose in 71% of patients (n = 15); mean acid output increased to 4.0 mEq/h (range, 0-9.7). No serious or unexpected adverse events were observed.
Answer: Intravenous pantoprazole, 160-240 mg/day administered in divided doses by 15-minute infusion, rapidly and effectively controlled acid output within 1 hour and maintained control for up to 7 days in all ZES patients.
Example Output: Does intravenous pantoprazole rapidly control gastric acid hypersecretion in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome?

Example Input: Context: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) impairs host immunocompetence, a mechanism possibly underlying the high morbidity of infectious complications in critically ill patients. Our recent study demonstrated TPN to reduce the number and function of hepatic mononuclear cells (MNCs) and to worsen survival after intraportal Pseudomonas challenge in mice. The present study examined the duration of enteral nutrition (EN) needed to reverse TPN-induced changes in hepatic MNCs in a murine model.', 'Male ICR mice (6 weeks) received 5 days of TPN followed by 0 (TPN), 12 (EN12), 24 (EN24), 48 (EN48) or 72 (EN72)h of chow feeding. Control mice (Control) were given chow with intravenous saline infusions for 5 days. After nutritional support, hepatic MNCs were isolated and counted. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor expressions (CD14 and TLR4/MD2) on Kupffer cells were analyzed by flowcytometry. In addition, TPN, EN12, EN48 and control mice were given intraportal Pseudomonas challenge and survival was monitored.', 'The TPN group was significantly lower in hepatic MNC number and LPS receptor expressions than the Control group. However, EN quickly reversed TPN-induced hepatic impairments in MNC loss within 12h, CD14 expression within 48 h and TLR4/MD2 expression within 24h. Survival of the EN48 group was significantly improved as compared with the TPN and EN12 groups.
Answer: EN rapidly reverses TPN-induced impairment of hepatic immunity along with increased hepatic MNC numbers and LPS receptor expressions on Kupffer cells.
Example Output:
Does enteral nutrition rapidly reverse total parenteral nutrition-induced impairment of hepatic immunity in a murine model?