In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

Input: Consider Input: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Teacher and Nurse Support Act of 
2007''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) According to the National Center for Education 
        Statistics, over the next 10 years, the United States will need 
        more than 2,000,000 new teachers to replace the teachers who 
        are retiring or leaving the classroom for other careers.
            (2) The Hart-Rudman National Security Report on education 
        recommended that the President direct the Department of 
        Education to work with the States to devise a comprehensive 
        plan to avert a looming shortage of high-quality teachers.
            (3) According to the National Center for Education 
        Statistics, 20 percent of all new teachers leave the teaching 
        profession within 3 years. Providing loan forgiveness or loan 
        cancellation is one step that would help retain high-quality 
        teachers in schools that need teachers.
            (4) The American Hospital Association has reported more 
        than 118,000 unfilled registered nurse positions in hospitals 
        in the United States. Additionally, the National Commission on 
        Nursing Workforce for Long-Term Care released a report in May, 
        2005, stating that there are nearly 100,000 vacant nursing 
        positions in long-term care facilities on any given day, and 
        the nurse turnover rate exceeds 50 percent. The shortage is 
        costing long-term care facilities an estimated $4 billion a 
        year in recruitment and training expenses.
            (5) College loans are more of a burden than ever for 
        students and families. According to a recent United States 
        Public Interest Research Group report, average student loan 
        debt almost doubled from $9,200 in 1992-1993 to $16,928 in 
        1999-2000.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of this Act is to improve access to, and 
the delivery of, high-quality educational and health services 
throughout the United States by reducing the shortage of qualified 
teachers and nurses.

SEC. 3. LOAN FORGIVENESS.

    (a) Loan Forgiveness.--Section 428J of the Higher Education Act of 
1965 (20 U.S.C. 1078-10) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 428J. LOAN FORGIVENESS FOR TEACHERS AND NURSES.

    ``(a) Statement of Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section to 
encourage individuals to enter and continue in the teaching and nursing 
professions.
    ``(b) Program Authorized.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program 
        to forgive, in accordance with this section, the student loan 
        debt of any borrower who has one or more loans described under 
        paragraph (2) made on or after October 1, 1998, and who--
                    ``(A) has been employed--
                            ``(i) as a full-time teacher--
                                    ``(I) in a school that qualifies 
                                under section 465(a)(2)(A) for loan 
                                cancellation for Perkins loan 
                                recipients who teach in those schools;
                                    ``(II) if employed as a secondary 
                                school teacher, is teaching a subject 
                                area that is relevant to the borrower's 
                                academic major as certified by the 
                                chief administrative officer of the 
                                public or nonprofit private secondary 
                                school in which the borrower is 
                                employed; and
                                    ``(III) if employed as an 
                                elementary school teacher, has 
                                demonstrated, as certified by the chief 
                                administrative officer of the public or 
                                nonprofit private elementary school in 
                                which the borrower is employed, 
                                knowledge and teaching skills in 
                                reading, writing, mathematics, and 
                                other areas of the elementary school 
                                curriculum; or
                            ``(ii) as a full-time eligible nurse--
                                    ``(I) in a clinical setting; or
                                    ``(II) as a member of the nursing 
                                faculty at an accredited school of 
                                nursing (as those terms are defined in 
                                section 801 of the Public Health 
                                Service Act (42 U.S.C. 296)); and
                    ``(B) is not in default on a loan for which the 
                borrower seeks forgiveness.
            ``(2) Method of loan forgiveness.--To provide the loan 
        forgiveness authorized in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall, 
        subject to paragraph (3), carry out a program--
                    ``(A) through the holder of the loan, to assume the 
                obligation to repay a qualified loan amount (as 
                determined under subsection (c)) for a loan made under 
                section 428 or 428H of this part; and
                    ``(B) to cancel a qualified loan amount (as so 
                determined) for a Federal Direct Stafford Loan or a 
                Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan made under 
                part D of this title;
            ``(3) Treatment of consolidation loans.--A loan amount for 
        a loan made under section 428C or section 455(g) may be a 
        qualified loan amount for the purposes of paragraph (2) only to 
        the extent that such loan amount was used to repay a loan made 
        under section 428 or 428H, a Federal Direct Stafford Loan, or a 
        Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan for a borrower who 
        meets the requirements of paragraph (1), as determined in 
        accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary.
    ``(c) Qualified Loan Amount.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) Aggregate amount.--The Secretary shall, in 
                installments in accordance with subparagraph (B), 
                forgive under this section not more than $17,500 in the 
                aggregate of the student loan obligation of a borrower.
                    ``(B) Annual installments.--The Secretary shall 
                forgive the student loan obligation of a borrower in 
                annual installments after each of 5 years of service 
                described in clause (i) or (ii) of subsection 
                (b)(1)(A)(i) in an amount not to exceed the lesser of 
                the remaining outstanding obligation of the borrower 
                or--
                            ``(i) $2,000 at the completion of the first 
                        year of such service;
                            ``(ii) $2,500 at the completion of the 
                        second year of such service;
                            ``(iii) $3,500 at the completion of the 
                        third year of such service;
                            ``(iv) $4,500 at the completion of the 
                        fourth year of such service; and
                            ``(v) $5,000 at the completion of the fifth 
                        year of such service.
            ``(2) Forbearance on qualified loan amount.--A holder of a 
        loan on which a borrower is seeking forgiveness under this 
        section--
                    ``(A) shall grant forbearance, at the request of 
                the borrower, in annual increments for each of the 
                years of qualifying service if the holder believes, at 
                the time of the borrower's annual request, that the 
                amount expected to be forgiven under this section at 
                the completion of the period of qualifying service will 
                satisfy the anticipated remaining outstanding balance 
                on the loan; and
                    ``(B) may offer other forbearance options to the 
                borrower.
    ``(d) Regulations.--The Secretary is authorized to issue such 
regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this 
section.
    ``(e) Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be construed to 
authorize any refunding of any repayment of a loan.
    ``(f) List of Schools.--If the list of schools in which a teacher 
may perform service pursuant to subsection (b)(1)(A)(i) is not 
available before May 1 of any year, the Secretary may use the list for 
the year preceding the year for which the determination is made to make 
the service determination.
    ``(g) Additional Eligibility Provisions.--
            ``(1) Continued eligibility for teachers.--Any teacher who 
        performs service in a school that--
                    ``(A) meets the requirements of subsection 
                (b)(1)(A)(i)(I) in any year during such service; and
                    ``(B) in a subsequent year fails to meet the 
                requirements of that subsection,
        may continue to teach in the school and shall be eligible for 
        loan forgiveness pursuant to subsection (b).
            ``(2) Prevention of double benefits.--No borrower may, for 
        the same service, receive a benefit under both this subsection 
        and--
                    ``(A) subtitle D of title I of the National and 
                Community Service Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12571 et 
                seq.); or
                    ``(B) section 846 of the Public Health Service Act 
                (42 U.S.C. 297n).
    ``(h) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible nurse.--The term `eligible nurse' means a 
        nurse who meets all of the following:
                    ``(A) The nurse graduated from--
                            ``(i) an accredited school of nursing (as 
                        those terms are defined in section 801 of the 
                        Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 296));
                            ``(ii) a nursing center; or
                            ``(iii) an academic health center that 
                        provides nurse training.
                    ``(B) The nurse holds a valid and unrestricted 
                license to practice nursing in the State in which the 
                nurse practices in a clinical setting.
                    ``(C) The nurse holds 1 or more of the following:
                            ``(i) A graduate degree in nursing or 
                        equivalent degree.
                            ``(ii) A nursing degree from a collegiate 
                        school of nursing (as defined in section 801 of 
                        the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 296)).
                            ``(iii) A nursing degree from an associate 
                        degree school of nursing (as defined in section 
                        801 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
                        296)).
                            ``(iv) A nursing degree from a diploma 
                        school of nursing (as defined in section 801 of 
                        the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 296)).
            ``(2) Year.--The term `year', where applied to service as a 
        teacher (or service as a member of the nursing faculty at an 
        accredited school of nursing (as those terms are defined in 
        section 801 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 296))), 
        means an academic year as defined by the Secretary.''.
    (b) Repeal of Loan Cancellation Provision.--Section 460 of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087j) is repealed.

SEC. 4. PHASE OUT OF CURRENT PROGRAM.

    An individual who began the required period of teaching described 
in section 428J(b)(1) or 460(b)(1)(A) of the Higher Education Act of 
1965 (20 U.S.C. 1078-10 and 1087j) as such sections were in effect on 
the day before the date of enactment of this Act, shall--
            (1) be eligible to receive loan forgiveness or loan 
        cancellation in the amount described in, and in accordance with 
        the requirements of, such sections as in effect on the day 
        before the date of enactment of this Act; and
            (2) not be eligible to receive loan forgiveness under 
        section 428J of the Higher Education Act of 1965 as in effect 
        on the date of enactment of this Act.

Output: Teacher and Nurse Support Act of 2007 - Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to increase to a maximum of $17,500 the aggregate student loan obligation eligible for forgiveness or cancellation under the Federal Family Education Loan or Direct Loan programs for teachers who serve full-time in certain elementary or secondary schools that enroll a high proportion of disadvantaged students.

Includes, under these student loan forgiveness and cancellation programs, nurses who serve in a clinical setting or as a member of the nursing faculty at an accredited school of nursing. Directs the Secretary of Education to repay such loan obligation in annual installments up to specified maximum amounts after each of five years of such service.


Input: Consider Input: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Medicare Spending Transparency Act 
of 2011''.

SEC. 2. PUBLIC AVAILABILITY OF AGGREGATE DATA ON MEDICARE PROVIDERS OF 
              SERVICES AND SUPPLIERS.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to make aggregate 
information about providers of services and suppliers under the 
Medicare program under title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1395 et seq.) publicly available and to provide a new level of 
transparency in such program.
    (b) Public Availability.--Section 1128J of the Social Security Act 
(42 U.S.C. 1320a-7k) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
subsection:
    ``(f) Public Availability of Certain Medicare Data.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall, to the extent 
        consistent with applicable information, privacy, security, and 
        disclosure laws, including the regulations promulgated under 
        the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 
        and section 552a of title 5, United States Code, make available 
        to the public on the Internet website of the Centers for 
        Medicare & Medicaid Services the following data with respect to 
        title XVIII:
                    ``(A) A complete list of the providers of services 
                and suppliers participating in the program under such 
                title, including the business address of such providers 
                of services and suppliers.
                    ``(B) Aggregate information about each such 
                provider of services and supplier, including--
                            ``(i) the total number of individuals 
                        furnished items or services by the provider of 
                        services or supplier for which payment was made 
                        under such title during the preceding year;
                            ``(ii) the number of unique patient 
                        encounters conducted by the provider of 
                        services or supplier for which payment was made 
                        under such title during the preceding year;
                            ``(iii) the average number of codes billed 
                        under such title by the provider of services of 
                        supplier per patient encounter during the 
                        preceding year;
                            ``(iv) the total amount paid to such 
                        provider of services or supplier under such 
                        title during the preceding year;
                            ``(v) the top 50 billing codes on claims 
                        paid under such title to the provider of 
                        services or supplier during the preceding year, 
                        as determined by volume, including a 
                        description of such codes;
                            ``(vi) the top 50 billing codes on such 
                        claims paid during such year, as determined by 
                        dollar amount, including a description of such 
                        codes; and
                            ``(vii) the top 50 diagnosis and procedure 
                        code pairs on such claims paid during such 
                        year, as determined by volume, including a 
                        description of such codes.
            ``(2) Implementation.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
        of enactment of the Medicare Spending Transparency Act of 2011, 
        the Secretary shall promulgate regulations to carry out this 
        subsection.''.

SEC. 3. ACCESS TO MEDICARE CLAIMS AND PAYMENT DATA BY QUALIFIED 
              INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to allow qualified 
individuals and groups access to information on claims and payment data 
under the Medicare program for purposes of conducting health research 
and detecting fraud under such program.
    (b) Access to Medicare Claims and Payment Data by Qualified 
Individuals and Groups.--Section 1128J of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1320a-7k), as amended by section 2, is amended by adding at the 
end the following new subsection:
    ``(g) Access to Medicare Claims and Payment Data by Qualified 
Individuals and Groups.--
            ``(1) In general.--For purposes of conducting health 
        research and detecting fraud under title XVIII, and to the 
        extent consistent with applicable information, privacy, 
        security, and disclosure laws, including the regulations 
        promulgated under the Health Insurance Portability and 
        Accountability Act of 1996 and section 552a of title 5, United 
        States Code, and subject to any information systems security 
        requirements under such laws or otherwise required by the 
        Secretary, a qualified individual or group shall have access to 
        claims and payment data of the Department of Health and Human 
        Services and its contractors related to title XVIII. 
        Notwithstanding any other provision of law, such data shall 
        include the identity of individual providers of services and 
        suppliers under such title.
            ``(2) Definition of qualified individual or group.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In this subsection, the term 
                `qualified individual or group' means an individual or 
                entity that the Secretary has determined, in accordance 
                with subparagraph (B), has relevant experience, 
                knowledge, and technical expertise in medicine, 
                statistics, health care billing, practice patterns, 
                health care fraud detection, and analysis to use data 
                provided to the individual or the entity under this 
                subsection in an appropriate, responsible, and ethical 
                manner and for the purposes described in paragraph (1).
                    ``(B) Procedures.--The Secretary shall establish 
                procedures for determining, in a timely manner, whether 
                an individual or entity is a qualified individual or 
                group.
            ``(3) Procedures.--The Secretary shall establish procedures 
        for the storage and use of data provided to a qualified 
        individual or group under this subsection. Such procedures 
        shall ensure that, in the case where the qualified individual 
        or group publishes an analysis of such data (or any analysis 
        using such data), the qualified individual or group discloses 
        the following information (in a form and manner, and at a time, 
        specified by the Secretary):
                    ``(A) The name of the qualified individual or 
                group.
                    ``(B) The sources of any funding for the qualified 
                individual or group.
                    ``(C) Any employer or other relevant affiliations 
                of the qualified individual or group.
                    ``(D) The data analysis methods used by the 
                qualified individual or group in the analysis 
                involved.''.

Output: Medicare Spending Transparency Act of 2011 - Amends title XI of the Social Security Act (SSA) to direct the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS), consistent with applicable information, privacy, security, and disclosure laws, to make public on the Internet website of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services the following data with respect to SSA title XVIII (Medicare): (1) a complete list of service providers and suppliers participating in the Medicare program, including their business addresses; and (2) certain aggregate information about each provider and supplier.

Entitles a qualified individual or group, for health research and fraud detection purposes, to access to Medicare claims and payment data of both HHS and its contractors. Directs the Secretary to establish procedures for the storage and use of data provided to such an individual or group.


Input: Consider Input: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Liberian Refugee Immigration 
Protection Act of 2007''.

SEC. 2. ADJUSTMENT OF STATUS OF CERTAIN LIBERIAN NATIONALS.

    (a) Adjustment of Status.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding section 245(c) of the 
        Immigration and Nationality Act, the status of any alien 
        described in subsection (b) shall be adjusted by the Secretary 
        of Homeland Security to that of an alien lawfully admitted for 
        permanent residence, if the alien--
                    (A) applies for such adjustment before April 1, 
                2009;
                    (B) is otherwise eligible to receive an immigrant 
                visa and is otherwise admissible to the United States 
                for permanent residence, except in determining such 
                admissibility the grounds for inadmissibility specified 
                in paragraphs (4), (5), (6)(A), and (7)(A) of section 
                212(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act shall not 
                apply.
            (2) Relationship of application to certain orders.--An 
        alien present in the United States who has been ordered 
        excluded, deported, removed, or ordered to depart voluntarily 
        from the United States under any provision of the Immigration 
        and Nationality Act may, notwithstanding such order, apply for 
        adjustment of status under paragraph (1). Such an alien may not 
        be required, as a condition on submitting or granting such 
        application, to file a motion to reopen, reconsider, or vacate 
        such order. If the Secretary of Homeland Security grants the 
        application, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall cancel 
        the order. If the Secretary of Homeland Security renders a 
        final administrative decision to deny the application, the 
        order shall be effective and enforceable to the same extent as 
        if the application had not been made.
    (b) Aliens Eligible for Adjustment of Status.--The benefits 
provided by subsection (a) shall apply to any alien who--
            (1) is a national of Liberia; and
            (2)(A) who was granted temporary protected status on or 
        after March 27, 1991; or
            (B) was eligible to apply for temporary protected status on 
        or after March 27, 1991.
    (c) Stay of Removal.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Homeland Security shall 
        provide by regulation for an alien subject to a final order of 
        deportation or removal or exclusion to seek a stay of such 
        order based on the filing of an application under subsection 
        (a).
            (2) During certain proceedings.--Notwithstanding any 
        provision of the Immigration and Nationality Act, the Secretary 
        of Homeland Security shall not order any alien to be removed 
        from the United States, if the alien is in exclusion, 
        deportation, or removal proceedings under any provision of such 
        Act and raises as a defense to such an order the eligibility of 
        the alien to apply for adjustment of status under subsection 
        (a), except where the Secretary of Homeland Security has 
        rendered a final administrative determination to deny the 
        application.
            (3) Work authorization.--The Secretary of Homeland Security 
        may authorize an alien who has applied for adjustment of status 
        under subsection (a) to engage in employment in the United 
        States during the pendency of such application and may provide 
        the alien with an ``employment authorized'' endorsement or 
        other appropriate document signifying authorization of 
        employment, except that if such application is pending for a 
        period exceeding 180 days, and has not been denied, the 
        Secretary of Homeland Security shall authorize such employment.
    (d) Adjustment of Status for Spouses and Children.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding section 245(c) of the 
        Immigration and Nationality Act, the status of an alien shall 
        be adjusted by the Secretary of Homeland Security to that of an 
        alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence, if--
                    (A) the alien is a national of Liberia;
                    (B) the alien is the spouse, child, or unmarried 
                son or daughter, of an alien whose status is adjusted 
                to that of an alien lawfully admitted for permanent 
                residence under subsection (a), except that in the case 
                of such an unmarried son or daughter, the son or 
                daughter shall be required to establish that they have 
                been physically present in the United States for at 
                least 1 year and is physically present in the United 
                States on the date the application for such adjustment 
                is filed;
                    (C) the alien applies for such adjustment and is 
                physically present in the United States on the date the 
                application is filed; and
                    (D) the alien is otherwise eligible to receive an 
                immigration visa and is otherwise admissible to the 
                United States for permanent residence, except in 
                determining such admissibility the grounds for 
                exclusion specified in paragraphs (4), (5), (6)(A), and 
                (7)(A) of section 212(a) of the Immigration and 
                Nationality Act shall not apply.
            (2) Proof of continuous presence.--For purposes of 
        establishing the period of continuous physical presence 
        referred to in paragraph (1)(B), an alien shall not be 
        considered to have failed to maintain continuous physical 
        presence by reason of an absence, or absences, from the United 
        States for any periods in aggregate not exceeding 180 days.
    (e) Availability of Administrative Review.--The Secretary of 
Homeland Security shall provide to applicants for adjustment of status 
under subsection (a) the same right to, and procedures for, 
administrative review as are provided to--
            (1) applicants for adjustment of status under section 245 
        of the Immigration and Nationality Act; or
            (2) aliens subject to removal proceedings under section 240 
        of such Act.
    (f) Limitation on Judicial Review.--A determination by the 
Secretary of Homeland Security as to whether the status of any alien 
should be adjusted under this section is final and shall not be subject 
to review by any court.
    (g) No Offset in Number of Visas Available.--When an alien is 
granted the status of having been lawfully admitted for permanent 
residence pursuant to this section, the Secretary of State shall not be 
required to reduce the number of immigrant visas authorized to be 
issued under any provision of the Immigration and Nationality Act.
    (h) Application of Immigration and Nationality Act Provisions.--
Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Act, the definitions 
contained in the Immigration and Nationality Act shall apply in the 
administration of this section. Nothing contained in this Act shall be 
held to repeal, amend, alter, modify, effect, or restrict the powers, 
duties, functions, or authority of the Secretary of Homeland Security 
in the administration and enforcement of such Act or any other law 
relating to immigration, nationality, or naturalization. The fact that 
an alien may be eligible to be granted the status of having been 
lawfully admitted for permanent residence under this section shall not 
preclude the alien from seeking such status under any other provision 
of law for which the alien may be eligible.


Output: Liberian Refugee Immigration Protection Act of 2007 - Provides for the permanent resident status adjustment of certain Liberian nationals who were granted, or are eligible to apply for, temporary protected status on or after March 27, 1991.