Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

This study was conducted to gain insight into the relationship between expression profiles and underlying genetic changes, which are known to be important for the pathogenesis of lung cancers.', 'Expression profiles of 18,175 unique genes and three major targets for genetic changes, p53, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and K-ras, were investigated in 149 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, including 90 patients with adenocarcinoma to determine their relationships with various clinicopathologic features and Gene Ontology (GO) terms.', 'This study successfully established a basis for expression profile-defined classification, which can classify adenocarcinomas into two major types, terminal respiratory unit (TRU) type and non-TRU type. Our GO term-based identifier of particular biologic processes, molecular functions, and cellular compartments clearly showed characteristic retention of normal peripheral lung features in TRU type, in sharp contrast to the significant association of non-TRU type with cell cycling and proliferation-related features. While significantly higher frequency of EGFR mutation was observed in TRU type, we found that the presence of EGFR mutations was a significant predictor of shorter postoperative survival for TRU type, independent of disease stage. We were also able to identify a set of genes in vivo with significant upregulation in the presence of EGFR mutations.
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To determine whether systemically administered recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) accelerates the recovery of mouse small intestinal mucosa after irradiation.', 'A mouse mucosal damage model was established by administering radiation to male BALB/c mice with a single dose of 15 Gy applied to the abdomen. After irradiation, rhEGF was administered subcutaneously at various doses (0.04, 0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/kg/day) eight times at 2- to 3-day intervals. The evaluation methods included histologic changes of small intestinal mucosa, change in body weight, frequency of diarrhea, and survival rate.', 'The recovery of small intestinal mucosa after irradiation was significantly improved in the mice treated with a high dose of rhEGF. In the mice that underwent irradiation without rhEGF treatment, intestinal mucosal ulceration, mucosal layer damage, and severe inflammation occurred. The regeneration of villi was noticeable in mice treated with more than 0.2 mg/kg rhEGF, and the villi recovered fully in mice given more than 1 mg/kg rhEGF. The frequency of diarrhea persisting for more than 3 days was significantly greater in the radiation control group than in the rhEGF-treated groups.
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Coronary microvascular impairment may cause myocardial ischemia and systolic dysfunction in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC).', 'The study included 41 patients with IDC and 33 healthy control subjects. Serum total antioxidant status (TAS), serum interleukin (IL)-6 levels, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels were assayed and coronary flow reserve (CFR) was measured in all subjects via echocardiography.', 'High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels were significantly higher in patients with IDC than in the control group (3.42\u2009±\u20092.14 vs. 1.91±\u20091.40, p\u2009=\u20090.001). Serum TAS was statistically lower in patients with IDC than in controls (1.23\u2009±\u20090.16 vs. 1.77\u2009±\u20090.12, p\u2009<\u20090.001). CFR was statistically and significantly lower in the IDC group (2.10\u2009±\u20090.39 vs. 3.09\u2009±\u20090.49, p\u2009<\u20090.001). The IDC group was subsequently subdivided into two groups according to CFR values, as CFR ≥\u20092 and CFR <\u20092. HsCRP (4.30\u2009±\u20092.42 vs. 2.58\u2009±\u20091.42, p\u2009=\u20090.01), TNF-α (16.67\u2009±\u20098.08 vs. 10.97\u2009±\u20091.63, p\u2009=\u20090.01), and IL-6 (7.54\u2009±\u20096.16 vs. 3.14\u2009±\u20091.10, p\u2009=\u20090.05) values were significantly higher in the CFR <\u20092 group compared with the higher CFR group. TAS (1.3\u2009±\u20090.16 vs. 1.14\u2009±\u20090.10, p\u2009<\u20090.001) was significantly lower in the CFR <\u20092 group. CFR correlated significantly with hsCRP, TAS, red cell distribution width (RDW), IL-6, and TNF-α.

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