In this task, you are given the abstract of a research paper. Your task is to generate a summary of this abstract. Your summary should not be very short, but it's better if it's not more than 30 words.

In this work, we attempt to answer a critical question: whether there exists some input sequence that will cause a well-trained discrete-space neural network sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq)  model to generate egregious outputs (aggressive, malicious, attacking, etc.). And if such inputs exist, how to find them efficiently. We adopt an empirical methodology, in which we first create lists of egregious output sequences, and then design a discrete optimization algorithm to find input sequences that will cause the model to generate them. Moreover, the optimization algorithm is enhanced for large vocabulary search and constrained to search for input sequences that are likely to be input by real-world users. In our experiments, we apply this approach to  dialogue response generation models trained on three real-world dialogue data-sets: Ubuntu, Switchboard and OpenSubtitles, testing whether the model can generate malicious responses. We demonstrate that given the trigger inputs our algorithm finds, a significant number of malicious sentences are assigned large probability by the model, which reveals an undesirable consequence of standard seq2seq training.
This paper aims to provide an empirical answer to the question of whether well-trained dialogue response model can output malicious responses.

We extend the Consensus Network framework to Transductive Consensus Network (TCN), a semi-supervised multi-modal classification framework, and identify its two mechanisms: consensus and classification. By putting forward three variants as ablation studies, we show both mechanisms should be functioning together. Overall, TCNs outperform or align with the best benchmark algorithms when only 20 to 200 labeled data points are available.
A semi-supervised multi-modal classification framework, TCN, that outperforms various benchmarks.

In compressed sensing, a primary problem to solve is to reconstruct a high dimensional sparse signal from a small number of observations. In this work, we develop a new sparse signal recovery algorithm using reinforcement learning (RL) and Monte CarloTree Search (MCTS). Similarly to orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP), our RL+MCTS algorithm chooses the support of the signal sequentially. The key novelty is that the proposed algorithm learns how to choose the next support as opposed to following a pre-designed rule as in OMP. Empirical results are provided to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed RL+MCTS algorithm over existing sparse signal recovery algorithms.

Formulating sparse signal recovery as a sequential decision making problem, we develop a method based on RL and MCTS that learns a policy to discover the support of the sparse signal.