In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

Example Input: because, as a result, we overrule people v. caudillo (1978) 21 cal.3d 562 ( caudillo), we do not apply the holding retroactively to defendant.
Example Output: overruling

Example Input: id. at 657 n. 6.
Example Output: non-overruling

Example Input: because brown is inconsistent with both the plain language of the mail fraud statute and precedents of the supreme court, we overrule brown and hold that the district court did not err when it gave the pattern jury instruction for mail fraud.
Example Output:
overruling