Given a paragraph, generate a claim that is supported by the given paragraph. 1) The claim must contain information from within the paragraph. 2) A sentence within the paragraph can be used as a claim. 3) The claim should not have contradictions within the paragraph. 4) The claim should be at most one sentence long.

[EX Q]: In a report issued Thursday, the U.N. health agency said the number of measles cases from January to June this year is double the number reported for the same period in 2018. Measles is among the world’s most infectious diseases and is spread mostly by coughing, sneezing and close personal contact. Although numerous European countries have introduced stronger vaccination policies, stubborn pockets of vaccine refusal have fueled epidemics across the continent. Last month, the German government proposed making measles immunization mandatory for children and employees at kindergartens and schools; there have been more than 400 cases of measles in Germany this year. With more than 84,000 cases, Ukraine accounted for the vast majority of measles in Europe, followed by Kazakhstan and Georgia. In February, Ukraine’s health ministry said eight people had died of measles. An expert WHO committee said four countries — Albania, the Czech Republic, Greece and the U.K. — have now lost their status as having eliminated measles. Measles is preventable with two doses of the vaccine, but there is no effective treatment once people are infected. “If high immunization coverage is not achieved and sustained in every community, both children and adults will suffer unnecessarily and some will tragically die,” said Dr. Guenter Pfaff, chair of a WHO expert committee on measles in Europe. In some developed countries, measles vaccination rates dropped sharply following the publication of a flawed study in the late 1990s that linked the combined measles, mumps and rubella vaccine to autism. Health officials have struggled to debunk misperceptions about the vaccine’s safety ever since. “Misinformation about vaccines is as contagious and dangerous as the diseases it helps to spread,” WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus in a statement this week. In 2017, WHO estimated about 110,000 people died from measles worldwide, mostly children under 5-years-old.
[EX A]: ‘Dramatic resurgence’ of measles seen in Europe, WHO reports.

[EX Q]: Attractions such as the Louvre Abu Dhabi museum and the Ferrari World theme park will be closed from March 15-31, the Abu Dhabi Government Media Office said, while the country’s civil aviation authority indefinitely suspended flights to and from Lebanon, Turkey, Syria and Iraq from March 17. The UAE, which has reported 85 coronavirus infections but no deaths, and other Gulf Arab states are intensifying measures to halt the virus as the number of cases rises. Saudi Arabia and Kuwait have taken the most drastic steps, cancelling all international flights. Dubai, the UAE’s regional business and transit hub, said it was cancelling all events planned in March and asked hotels to stop hosting wedding celebrations. Some shops have voluntarily closed to boost containment efforts. In the capital, Abu Dhabi, cinemas, arcades and entertainment venues have been shuttered, state news agency WAM reported. Seeking to soften the impact of the shutdowns on key sectors such as tourism and transportation, the central bank said its program would help banks and companies weather the crisis. Saudi Arabia also announced $13 billion to support small and medium enterprises. Saudi Arabia, which reported 17 new cases on Saturday bringing its total to 103, said two-week flight suspensions would start on Sunday, while Kuwait did not specify a length for its grounding which began on Saturday. Saudi Arabia has already suspended the Umrah pilgrimage and locked down its eastern Qatif region where many infections are located. On Saturday, it also closed popular family entertainment zones located inside many shopping malls. Health ministry spokesman Mohammed Abdelali urged the population of 30 million to avoid gathering in public, minimize movements and stay at home as much as possible. “(Such) measures slow the growth of cases so that we can control it, while the countries that take delayed measures experience fast growth which the health systems cannot deal with,” he told reporters. The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), a group of six oil-rich Arab monarchies which also includes Qatar, Bahrain and Oman, has reported nearly 900 coronavirus cases, mostly in people who had traveled to Iran or who been infected by visitors to Iran. No deaths have been reported in the GCC, unlike Iran where the toll rose by nearly 100 on Saturday to 611, out of 12,729 total infections. Oman, with the lowest number of infections in the region at 20, said on Saturday all schools and educational institutions would close for a month, a precaution also taken by other GCC states and Yemen. Saudi Arabia and Oman canceled all sporting events until further notice, state media said. The UAE will stop issuing visas, except for foreign diplomats, from March 17, WAM reported, citing immigration authorities. Qatar will halt the issuance of visas upon arrival to a number of European nationalities from Sunday, the government communication office said, while the Qatar Olympic Committee suspended all local sports activities until March 29. Qatar confirmed 17 new infections on Saturday, bringing the total number of cases to 337, the highest in the GCC, followed by Bahrain with 211 and Kuwait with 104. Gulf health authorities have stepped up pleas to avoid gatherings and are sanitizing public places. Police in Kuwait used drones fitted with loudspeakers to urge people on the streets to avoid gathering. Health Minister Basel Al-Sabah said on state television: “I urge you by God to stay at home.”  The competing sides in Yemen’s civil war announced airport closures including in the capital Sana’a, a measure that will affect flights operated by United Nations organizations taking part in humanitarian relief efforts.
[EX A]: UAE cancels events, flights as central bank announces coronavirus fiscal plan.

[EX Q]: The cost differences between aspirin and anticoagulant drugs are listed and the potential savings by using aspirin are highlighted. The release lists the percentages of patients who had a blood clot within three months of their knee replacement and emphasized that there was no statistical difference between those who took only aspirin and those who took anticoagulants. However, the release is remiss in not pointing out that the majority of patients were also treated with pneumatic compression boots. “Good old aspirin” implies that aspirin is benign and without potential harms, which is not accurate, even if the harms of aspirin are typically less than those of anticoagulants. There are two potential harms that were examined: bleeding and formation of clot. While the report notes that aspirin was “not inferior” to other anticoagulants, it was silent on the incidence of bleeding. In several places, the release mischaracterizes the study design and muddles distinctions between the results of this study and information from other sources. It neglects to point out key limitations noted by the study authors, including that the results seen in this network of Michigan hospitals may not reflect the experiences of patients elsewhere and that “this is an observational study and can only demonstrate association and not causation.” The study variable was the choice of a clot-prevention drug prescribed to patients the day before surgery, the day of surgery and the day after. The release muddles things by stating, “it’s routine for patients to take clot-preventing drugs for some time afterward.” The headline, subhead and lead sentence all refer to patients taking aspirin “after” or “following” a knee replacement. Readers are likely to mistakenly believe that the study looked at long-term use of clot-preventing drugs, rather than what it actually tracked: the choice of drug for the brief 3-day period around the procedure. The release also quotes a researcher saying, “This study is truly a real-world experience of what happened in Michigan when the majority of surgeons switched to aspirin,” Hallstrom says. “The incidence of blood clots, pulmonary embolus and death did not increase despite this dramatic change in practice.” However, this study was not set up to compare outcomes before and after a change in practice, so this prominent description of the study is not faithful to the actual study design. The release refers to “the two-year study period,” which readers could misinterpret to mean patients were followed for two-years, not just 90 days; though elsewhere the release does refer to the percentage of blood clots “over three months.” The release does not push knee replacement or clot-preventing drugs, though it does somewhat overstate the number of total knee replacements. The release cites a figure of “nearly 1 million Americans” each year, while other sources estimate the rate is closer to 700,000 per year. The disclosure statements included with the journal article reporting on this study note that Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Michigan support the quality improvement group that did this study and pay some of the salaries of key researchers. Even though the disclosure statements say Blue Cross and Blue Shield did not specifically fund the work on this study, the release should have noted the funding relationship. The release highlights the comparison between alternatives for minimizing blood clot risk due to knee replacement surgery. The release notes that many knee replacements surgeries are performed every year. The release notes that the question of the best clot-prevention strategy for knee replacement patients has been debated for years. It cites an advantage over one recent study. Comparing the language of the release to the more-specific description in the journal article, it does seem that the release appropriately portrays this study as adding to the evidence that surgeons can use when prescribing drugs. Although the release paints a rather rosy and benign image of “good old aspirin,” the release is clear that this study found that there was no statistical difference in outcomes between patients taking aspirin versus anticoagulant drugs…and it pointed out that doctors need to consider a patient’s history of blood clots, obesity and other factors.
[EX A]:
Aspirin alone a good clot buster after knee surgery