instruction:
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
question:
Menopausal reduction in estrogen causes increased adipose accumulation, leading many to turn to dietary supplements to prevent and treat such changes. Enhanced adipose mobilization stimulated by some supplements can increase the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Cytoprotective and anti-obesity compounds may prevent the lipotoxicity associated with mobilization.', 'A phytochemical blend was tested in aged, ovariectomized rats. Rats were given the AIN-93M basal diet or a diet containing varying doses of phytochemicals with 2.4 IU/g vitamin D [diet 1: 1000 mg/kg genistein (G); diet 2: 500 mg/kg (G), 200 mg/kg resveratrol (R), and 1000 mg/kg quercetin (Q); diet 3: 1000 mg/kg (G), 400 mg/kg (R), and 2000 mg/kg (Q)].', 'Serum free fatty acids and hepatic triglycerides were elevated with diets 2 and 3. Despite this increase, the phytochemical blends did not increase apoptotic, cell repair, or remodeling gene expression. The highest phytochemical dose prevented increases in serum alanine aminotransferase.
answer:
Does a dietary phytochemical blend prevent liver damage associated with adipose tissue mobilization in ovariectomized rats?


question:
Pigs are frequently used as animal models in experimental medicine. To identify processes of vascular development or regression, vascular elements must be recognised and quantified in a three-dimensional (3D) arrangement. Vascular corrosion casts enable the creation of 3D replicas of vascular trees. The aim of our study was to identify suitable casting media and optimise the protocol for porcine liver vascular corrosion casting.', 'Mercox II® (Ladd Research, Williston, Vermont, USA) and Biodur E20® Plus (Biodur Products, Heidelberg, Germany) were tested in 4 porcine livers. The resins (volume approximately 700 mL) were injected via the portal vein. Corrosion casts were examined by macro-computed tomography, micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy.', 'For hepatectomies, the operating protocol was optimised to avoid gas or blood clot embolisation. We present a protocol for porcine liver vascular bed casting based on corrosion specimens prepared using Biodur E20® epoxy resin.
answer:
Does porcine liver vascular bed in Biodur E20 corrosion cast?


question:
Approximately 30% to 40% of all patients with osteosarcomas ultimately experience recurrence. The study investigated the hypothesis that the resistance of osteosarcoma to chemotherapy may be related to the expression of a pregnane xenobiotic receptor (PXR) variant protein and its role as the major inducer of P450 3A4 in these tumors.', 'Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot analysis were used to determine PXR mRNA and protein expression, respectively. Real-time PCR and CYP3A catalytic activity using 7-benzyl-trifluoromethyl coumarin (BFC) as the probe substrate were used to measure the induction of P450 3A4 or MDR1. siRNA transfections were performed for PXR and cytotoxicity determined by a colorimetric based assay or Annexin v-Fitc staining.', 'Differences were observed in the molecular size of the PXR protein expressed in sarcoma cell lines when compared with the wildtype PXR expressed in normal liver, kidney, or small intestine. A polyclonal PXR antibody raised against the N-terminus of the wildtype PXR did not detect PXR expressed in these sarcoma cell lines. In the osteosarcoma cell lines, etoposide and doxorubicin were better inducers of P450 3A4 and MDR1 than rifampin. siRNA against PXR down-regulated P450 3A4 expression only in the osteosarcoma cell line. Cytotoxicity assays showed that the resistance of the osteosarcoma cell lines to etoposide correlated with PXR protein expression levels and activation of P450 3A4 and could be prevented by ketoconazole.
answer:

Are expression levels and activation of a PXR variant directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell lines?