Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[EX Q]: Diosgenin is a steroidal sapogenin with estrogenic and antitumor properties. In order to elucidate the mechanism of its antiproliferative activity, we investigated its effects on the cell cycle and apoptosis in human chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cells.', 'Cell viability was assessed via an MTT assay. Apoptosis was investigated in terms of nuclear morphology, DNA fragmentation, and phosphatidylserine externalization. Cell cycle analysis was performed via PI staining and flow cytometry (FCM). Western blotting and immunofluorescence methods were used to determine the levels of p53, cell cycle-related proteins and Bcl-2 family members. FCM was also used to estimate the changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), intracellular Ca2+ concentration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.', 'Cell cycle analysis showed that diosgenin caused G2/M arrest independently of p53. The levels of cyclin B1 and p21Cip1/Waf1 were decreased, whereas cdc2 levels were increased. Subsequent apoptosis was demonstrated with the dramatic activation of caspase-3. A dramatic decline in intracellular Ca2+ concentration was observed as an initiating event in the process of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, which was followed by the hyperpolarization and depolarization of MMP. Generation of ROS was observed in the progression of apoptosis. The antiapoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins were downregulated, whereas the proapoptotic Bax was upregulated.
[EX A]: Does diosgenin induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human leukemia K562 cells with the disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis?

[EX Q]: Complement Factor I (CFI) and the CD46 complement regulator (CD46) play an important role in the complement activation pathways, which is known to affect the development of uveitis. The present study was performed to investigate the association of the CFI and CD46 genes with acute anterior uveitis (AAU).', 'A total of 600 subjects (300 patients with AAU and 300 healthy controls) were recruited for this case-control study. Six CFI single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) (rs7356506, rs10029485, rs11726949, rs12512308, rs7438961, rs998538) and four CD46 SNPs (rs12138764, rs2466571, rs2796278, rs7545126) were genotyped using Sequenom MassARRAY technology. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared between patients and controls using the χ(2) test. Analyses were stratified for gender, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27, and ankylosing spondylitis status.', 'Rs7356506 in the CFI gene was found to be protective against AAU. There was a significant increase in the frequency of the A allele (p=0.003, pc=0.03, OR=0.684, CI 0.534 to 0.876) and AA homozygosity (p=0.004, pc=0.04, OR=0.624, CI 0.452 to 0.862) in AAU patients as compared to controls. Stratified analysis, according to gender and HLA-B27 status for AAU, also revealed the association with CFI-rs7356506. None of the tested SNPs of CD46 were associated with AAU.
[EX A]: Is cFI-rs7356506 a genetic protective factor for acute anterior uveitis in Chinese patients?

[EX Q]: The incidence of hydronephrosis due to ureteropelvic junction obstruction is approx. 0.5%. During the last decade, the management of non-symptomatic hydronephrosis has become much more conservative, but the long-term physiological consequences of this policy are not clear. Previously, we have shown that animals with chronic partial unilateral ureteral obstruction develop salt-sensitive hypertension. In this study, the effects of ipsilateral and contralateral nephrectomy and ureterovesicostomy on blood pressure were studied in hydronephrotic animals.', 'Partial unilateral ureteral obstruction was created in 3-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats and blood pressure was measured telemetrically 4-6 weeks later during a normal and high salt diet before and after uninephrectomy or ureterovesicostomy. Plasma samples for renin assay were collected during both diets before and after ipsilateral nephrectomy.', 'All hydronephrotic animals developed salt-sensitive hypertension, of different degrees. Before nephrectomy the plasma renin concentration was significantly higher in the hydronephrotic animals than in controls (160 +/- 15 microGU mL(-1) vs. 96 +/- 12 microGU mL(-1), respectively), but after the ipsilateral nephrectomy no differences were found between the groups. In the hydronephrotic animals both ipsilateral nephrectomy and ureterovesicostomy reduced the blood pressure and salt-sensitivity but the former still differed significantly from the controls. In contralaterally, nephrectomized hydronephrotic animals the salt-sensitive hypertension became more pronounced.
[EX A]:
Does relief of chronic partial ureteral obstruction attenuate salt-sensitive hypertension in rats?