In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.

Ex Input:
Understanding the environmental drivers of zoonotic reservoir and human interactions is crucial to understanding disease risk, but these drivers are poorly predicted. We propose a mechanistic understanding of human-reservoir interactions, using hantavirus pulmonary syndrome as a case study. Crucial processes underpinning the disease's incidence remain poorly studied, including the connectivity among natural and peridomestic deer mouse host activity, virus transmission, and human exposure. We found that disease cases were greatest in arid states and declined exponentially with increasing precipitation. Within arid environments, relatively rare climatic conditions (e.g., El Niño) are associated with increased rainfall and reservoir abundance, producing more frequent virus transmission and host dispersal. We suggest that deer mice increase their occupancy of peridomestic structures during spring-summer, amplifying intraspecific transmission and human infection risk. Disease incidence in arid states may increase with predicted climatic changes. Mechanistic approaches incorporating reservoir behavior, reservoir-human interactions, and pathogen spillover could enhance our understanding of global hantavirus ecology, with applications to other directly transmitted zoonoses.

Ex Output:
Toward a Mechanistic Understanding of Environmentally Forced Zoonotic Disease Emergence: Sin Nombre Hantavirus


Ex Input:
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a newly discovered coronavirus, which belongs to the family Coronaviridae. It causes watery diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration in newborn piglets. A sensitive RT-PCR method is urgently required to detect PDCoV infection. In this study, we developed and evaluated a conventional RT-PCR assay and a SYBR green-based real-time RT-PCR assay that targeted the PDCoV gene. Both assays are specific and have the same limit of detection at 2 × 10 1 copies of RNA molecules per reaction. Eighty-four clinical samples were subjected to both conventional RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR, and the same positive rate (41.7%) was achieved, which was much higher than the positive rate (26.2%) using a previously described onestep RT-PCR technique. In summary, a conventional RT-PCR technique was successfully established for the detection of PDCoV with the same detection limit as a SYBR green-based real-time RT-PCR assay.

Ex Output:
Research Article


Ex Input:
【摘要】 背景与目的 自身抗体作为新的肿瘤标志物在肺癌的早期诊断和预后评价中可能发挥重要作用，本 研究利用多肽芯片检测非小细胞肺癌患者血清中表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)的自身抗 体，并筛选自身抗体识别的抗原表位。方法 使用Intavis公司ASPSL多肽芯片合成仪合成EGFR多肽芯片，利用多肽芯 片检测非小细胞肺癌患者血清中EGFR自身抗体，并筛选自身抗体识别的抗原表位。结果 使用EGFR多肽芯片检测 了20例非小细胞肺癌患者，结果有6例阳性，阳性率为30%，在该6例阳性患者中发现了9个高频位点，并且有8个高 频位点集中在EGFR胞外段的第III和第IV结构域。结论 本研究为我们进一步研究EGFR和EGFR自身抗体的功能提供 了新的线索。 【关键词】 肺肿瘤；EGFR；多肽芯片；自身抗体 【中图分类号】 R734.2 【Abstract】 Background and objective Autoantibodies as new tumor markers may play an important role in the early diagnosis and evaluating the prognosis of lung cancer. In this study, we detect epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) autoantibodies using peptide array and screen the epitopes which are recognized by EGFR autoantibodies. Methods Peptide array covering the extracellular domain of EGFR protein was synthesized by a synthesizer (ASPSL) made by Intavis company. EGFR autoantibodies in the serums of non-small cell lung cancer patients was detected using peptide array. Results Six of 20 patients were found to have EGFR autoantibodis. The positive rate is 30%. Nine high frequency spots were found in the 6 positive patients and 8 high frequency spots clustered in the III and IV domains. Conclusion These findings will offer new clues for the futher studies of EGFR and EGFR autoantibodies.

Ex Output:

应用多肽芯片研究非小细胞肺癌患者血清中 的EGFR自身抗体 李元 岳文涛 王玥 张丽娜 顾勐 许绍发 Detecting EGFR Autoantibodies in Serums of NSCLC Patients with Peptide Array