instruction:
Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.
question:
It remains controversial whether the cure of H. pylori infection improves NUD symptoms.', 'To conduct a double-blind placebo-controlled single centre study with concealed allocation to investigate this question.', 'Ninety NUD patients with H. pylori infection were randomly assigned to either the treatment group (50 patients) or placebo group (40 patients). The treatment group received omeprazole, amoxycillin, clarithromycin and the placebo group received omeprazole and placebos for 7 days. Symptoms were assessed every week for up to 12 weeks after completion of medication by a symptom questionnaire. Alteration of histological parameters for gastritis was also evaluated.', 'The infection was cured in 41 out of 48 patients in the treatment group and none in the placebo group. There was no significant difference in the mean symptom scores at any assessment point up to 12 weeks between the treatment and placebo groups. Regarding histological parameters, activity and inflammation, not atrophy or intestinal metaplasia, were significantly improved in the treatment group.
answer:
1


question:
Human inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), is associated with leukocyte accumulation in the inflamed intestinal tissue. Recent studies strongly suggest a role of beta1 integrin receptors in regulating tissue damage and disease symptoms related to inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the collagen-binding alpha2beta1 integrin (CD49b/CD29) in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice.", 'Colitis was induced in mice through oral administration of 2% dextran sodium sulfate in drinking water. Rectal administration of anti-alpha2-monoclonal antibody (mAb) in 1 group was compared with oral treatment with betamethasone in another group and rectal administration of a control antibody in a third group. Clinical and histological signs of colitis, neutrophil infiltration into the colon mucosa, and gene expression of metalloproteinases were assessed.', 'Rectal administration of anti-alpha2-mAb was found to significantly reduce weight loss from 13.5% +/- 6.5% to 2.2% +/- 0.2% (P = 0.013 versus control mAb) and mucosal neutrophil infiltration from 47.2 +/- 10.0 to 6.6 +/- 8.0 neutrophils per counted area (P < 0.05 versus control mAb). Metalloproteinase gene expression was suppressed through anti-alpha2-mAb treatment. The protective effect against colitis seen after anti-alpha2beta1 integrin treatment was found to be favorable to the effect seen after high-dose oral betamethasone.
answer:
0


question:
Nuclear reprogramming inculcates pluripotent capacity by which de novo tissue differentiation is enabled. Yet, introduction of ectopic reprogramming factors may desynchronize natural developmental schedules. This study aims to evaluate the effect of imposed transgene load on the cardiogenic competency of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.', 'Targeted inclusion and exclusion of reprogramming transgenes (c-MYC, KLF4, OCT4, and SOX2) was achieved using a drug-inducible and removable cassette according to the piggyBac transposon/transposase system. Pulsed transgene overexpression, before iPS cell differentiation, hindered cardiogenic outcomes. Delayed in counterparts with maintained integrated transgenes, transgene removal enabled proficient differentiation of iPS cells into functional cardiac tissue. Transgene-free iPS cells generated reproducible beating activity with robust expression of cardiac α-actinin, connexin 43, myosin light chain 2a, α/β-myosin heavy chain, and troponin I. Although operational excitation-contraction coupling was demonstrable in the presence or absence of transgenes, factor-free derivatives exhibited an expedited maturing phenotype with canonical responsiveness to adrenergic stimulation.
answer:

0