TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: As Secretary of State, he sent a paperweight in the shape of a plowshare to everyone with whom he negotiated a treaty. His "thirty treaties" were discussed in his "A Message from Bethlehem," in an attempt to end war for all time. His opposition in a presidential election printed notes with his face and the phrase "In God we Trust . . . for the other 53 cents. " This politician's platform, however, as expressed in his 1896 convention speech got him the nomination to go against the Republican candidate, with running mates Thomas Watson and Arthur Sewall. For 10 points, name this orator who was the Democratic and Progressive candidate for the 1896 election and famously railed against a "cross of gold".

SOLUTION: History

PROBLEM: The Idler and The Rambler were two periodicals written by this man, and he popularized the term "Metaphysical Poets" in his series of biographies Lives of the Poets. The title prince travels with his mentor Imlac out of Happy Valley in search of true happiness in this author's prose work, Rasselas, while his greatest accomplishment was an epic of over 115,000 entries, the standard of its type until the creation of the Oxford English version. Author of an 18th-century Dictionary of the English Language, FTP name this British writer whose own biography was written by his one-time companion James Boswell.

SOLUTION: Literature

PROBLEM: One superacid shaped like an icosahedron features a skeleton almost entirely composed of this element. The selectrides are a group of reducing agents featuring this element bonded to three sec-butyl groups, and the nitrogen atom in proline binds to this element in the Corey-Bakshi-Shibata catalyst. Aryl- and vinyl- acids containing this element react with aryl- and vinyl-halides on catalytic palladium in the Suzuki reaction. Anti-Markovnikov addition is a feature of the best-known reaction featuring this element, in which an alkene is converted into an alcohol. That reaction features a namesake hydration followed by an oxidation and is catalyzed by a reactive compound consisting of this element bonded to three hydrogen atoms. For 10 points, name this fifth element.

SOLUTION:
Science