We would like you to assess the QUALITY of each of the following argument (discussing Gay Marriage) and determine if the argument is Valid or Invalid. A valid argument is clearly interpretable and either expresses an argument, or a premise or a conclusion that can be used in an argument for the topic of gay marriage. An invalid argument is a phrase that cannot be interpreted as an argument or not on the topic of gay marriage.

Q: A valid argument against incestuous marriage would not have as its only premise "Marriage is defined as a legal bond between a man and a woman who are not x-apart related."

A: Valid
****
Q: It's moral for women to remain silent, not teach, and never have authority over men?

A: Invalid
****
Q: Research on gay fathers has similarly found no reason to believe them unfit as parents  (Barret & Robinson, 1990; Bigner and Bozett, 1990; Bozett, 1980, 1989).

A:
Valid
****