In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

Example Input: SECTION 1. KOREA VISA WAIVER PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) Congressional Findings.--The Congress finds that--
            (1) travel and tourism play a major role in reducing the 
        United States unfavorable balance of trade;
            (2) the characteristics of the Korean travel market do not 
        permit long-term planning for longer trips;
            (3) applications for United States visas cannot now be 
        processed in a reasonable period of time;
            (4) the Secretary of State has attempted to solve the 
        problem by adding additional staff to the consular section at 
        the United States Embassy in Seoul;
            (5) unfortunately, these additions have not resulted in any 
        discernable improvement in reducing visa processing delays;
            (6) further, it is unlikely, given the current fiscal 
        environment, to expect funding to be available for further 
        staff additions in sufficient numbers to effect any significant 
        improvement in the time required to process visa applications;
            (7) most of the nations of the South Pacific, Europe, and 
        Canada do not currently require Koreans entering their 
        countries to have a visa, thus providing them with a serious 
        competitive advantage in the tourism industry;
            (8) the United States territory of Guam has been permitted 
        by the United States Government to eliminate visa requirements 
        for Koreans visiting Guam, with resultant impressive increases 
        in travel and tourism from citizens of the Republic of Korea;
            (9) any application under existing procedures to add the 
        Republic of Korea, or any other nation to the group of favored 
        nations exempted from United States visa regulations, would 
        require many years during which time the United States could 
        well lose its competitive advantages in attracting travel and 
        tourism from the Republic of Korea;
            (10) the Republic of Korea, as a gesture of goodwill, has 
        already unilaterally exempted United States tourists who seek 
        to enter the Republic of Korea from the requirement of 
        obtaining a visa; and
            (11) growth in Korean travel to the United States has not 
        kept pace with growth in travel to non-United States 
        destinations, and cumbersome and time-consuming visa processing 
        procedures are widely recognized as the cause of this loss of 
        market share and competitiveness with alternative destinations.
    (b) Pilot Program.--The Secretary of State and the Attorney General 
jointly shall establish a pilot project (in this section referred to as 
the ``pilot program'') within six months of the date of the enactment 
of this Act under which the requirement of paragraph (7)(B)(i)(II) of 
section 212(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
1182(a)(7)(B)(i)(II)) is waived during the pilot program period in the 
case of any alien who meets the following requirements:
            (1) National of pilot program country.--The alien is a 
        national of, and presents a passport issued by, the Republic of 
        Korea. The Republic of Korea is urged to provide machine 
        readable passports to its citizens in the near future.
            (2) Seeking entry as tourist.--The alien is applying for 
        admission to the United States during the pilot program period 
        as a nonimmigrant visitor for pleasure (as described in section 
        101(a)(15)(B) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
        1101(a)(15)(B))), as part of a group tour to the United States.
            (3) Period of stay.--The alien seeks to stay in the United 
        States for a period of not more than 15 days.
            (4) Executes immigration forms.--The alien before the time 
        of such admission completes such immigration form as the 
        Attorney General shall establish.
            (5) Entry into the united states.--If arriving by sea or 
        air, the alien arrives at the port of entry into the United 
States on a carrier which has entered into an agreement with the 
Immigration and Naturalization Service to guarantee transport of the 
alien out of the United States if the alien is found inadmissible or 
deportable by an immigration officer.
            (6) Not a safety threat.--The alien has been determined not 
        to represent a threat to the welfare, health, safety, or 
        security of the United States.
            (7) No previous violation.--If the alien previously was 
        admitted without a visa under this section, the alien must not 
        have failed to comply with the conditions of any previous 
        admission as such a nonimmigrant.
            (8) Round-trip ticket.--The alien is in possession of a 
        round-trip transportation ticket (unless this requirement is 
        waived by the Attorney General under regulations).
    (c) Waiver of Rights.--An alien may not be provided a waiver under 
the pilot program unless the alien has waived any right--
            (1) to review or appeal under this Act of an immigration 
        officer's determination as to the admissibility of the alien at 
        the port of entry into the United States, or
            (2) to contest, other than on the basis of an application 
        for asylum, any action for deportation against the alien.
    (d) Termination of Authority.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
of this section, the Attorney General and the Secretary of State, 
acting jointly, may terminate the pilot program under this section on 
or after a date which is one year after the date of the establishment 
of the pilot program if--
            (1) during the preceding fiscal year, the overstay rate for 
        nationals of the Republic of Korea entering the United States 
        under the pilot program exceeds the overstay rate of such 
        nationals entering the United States with valid visas; and
            (2) the Attorney General and the Secretary of State have 
        jointly determined that the pilot program is leading to a 
        significant increase in the number of overstays by such 
        nationals.
    (e) Special Bond and Notification Requirements for Tour 
Operators.--
            (1) In general.--Nationals of the Republic of Korea may not 
        enter the United States under the terms of this section unless 
        they are accompanied for the duration of their authorized 
        admission period by a tour operator who has fulfilled the 
        following requirements:
                    (A) The tour operator has posted a bond of $200,000 
                with the Secretary of State.
                    (B) The Secretary of State, under such regulations 
                as the Secretary may prescribe, has approved an 
                application by the tour operator to escort tour groups 
                to the United States.
                    (C) The tour operator provides the name, address, 
                birthdate, passport number, and citizenship of all 
                prospective tour group members to the Secretary of 
                State no less than one business day prior to the 
                departure date of the group, under such regulations as 
                he may prescribe, in order to determine that the 
                prospective travelers do not represent a threat to the 
                welfare, health, safety, and security of the United 
                States.
                    (D) The tour operator excludes from the tour group 
                any person whom the Secretary of State denies 
                permission to travel to the United States.
                    (E) The tour operator provides written 
                certification or other such evidence prescribed by the 
                Secretary of State and Attorney General which documents 
the return to Korea of each tour group member.
            (2) Forfeiture of bonds.--Bonds posted in accordance with 
        this subsection shall be forfeited in whole or in part and a 
        tour operator's authorization to escort tours to the United 
        States may be suspended or revoked if the Secretary of State 
        finds that the tour operator--
                    (A) has failed to disclose a material fact in 
                connection with the application required under 
                paragraph (1)(B);
                    (B) fails to comply with the advance notification 
                and refusal requirements of paragraphs (1)(C) and 
                (1)(D);
                    (C) has failed to take adequate steps to ensure 
                that visitors who are being escorted to the United 
                States under the terms of an approved application 
                return to their country of residence; or
                    (D) is found at any time to have committed a felony 
                or any offense under the immigration laws of the United 
                States.
    (f) Participation by Tour Agents.--The Secretary of State shall 
periodically review the overstay rate of nationals of the Republic of 
Korea that corresponds to each tour agent participating in the program 
under this section. The Secretary may terminate the participation in 
the program of any tour agent if the Secretary determines that the 
corresponding overstay rate is excessive.
    (g) Definitions.--For purposes of this section--
            (1) Group tour.--The term ``group tour'' means travelers 
        who take advantage of group-purchased hotel or airfare 
        packages, as guided, supervised, and arranged by a tour agent 
        in the Republic of Korea approved or licensed by the Department 
        of State.
            (2) Overstay rate.--The term ``overstay rate'' means, 
        during a specified period of time, the proportion that the 
        number of aliens remaining in the United States after the 
        expiration of their visas bears to the total number of aliens 
        entering the United States during that period of time.
            (3) Pilot program period.--The term ``pilot program 
        period'' means the three-year period immediately following the 
        establishment of the pilot program.
Example Output: Directs the Secretary of State and the Attorney General to jointly establish a visa waiver pilot program for Korean nationals traveling in tour groups to the United States.  Specifies requirements for such waiver.

Example Input: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Federal Courts of Appeals 
Modernization Act''.

SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT.

    There is established a Commission on Structural Alternatives for 
the Federal Courts of Appeals (in this Act referred to as the 
``Commission'').

SEC. 3. MEMBERSHIP.

    (a) Composition.--The Commission shall be composed of 5 members who 
shall be appointed by the Chief Justice of the United States.
    (b) Appointment.--The members of the Commission shall be appointed 
not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of this Act.
    (c) Vacancy.--Any vacancy in the Commission shall be filled in the 
same manner as the original appointment.
    (d) Chair.--The Commission shall elect a chair and vice chair from 
among its members.
    (e) Quorum.--Three members of the Commission shall constitute a 
quorum.

SEC. 4. DUTIES.

    The Commission shall--
            (1) study the present division of the United States courts 
        of appeals, with particular references to the United States 
        Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit; and
            (2) submit to the President and Congress a report on the 
        recommendations of the Commission with respect to changes in 
        circuit boundaries or structure as may be appropriate for the 
        expeditious and effective disposition of the caseload of the 
        United States courts of appeals, consistent with fundamental 
        concepts of fairness and due process.

SEC. 5. COMMISSION PERSONNEL MATTERS.

    (a) Compensation of Members.--Each member of the Commission who is 
not an officer or employee of the Federal Government shall be 
compensated at a rate equal to $300 for each day (including travel 
time) during which such member is engaged in the performance of the 
duties of the Commission. All members of the Commission who are 
officers or employees of the United States shall serve without 
compensation in addition to that received for their services as 
officers or employees of the United States.
    (b) Travel Expenses.--Each member of the Commission shall be 
allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, at 
rates not greater than those described in section 456 of title 28, 
United States Code.

SEC. 6. STAFF.

    (a) Executive Director.--The Commission may appoint an executive 
director who shall be compensated at a rate not greater than the daily 
equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay prescribed for a position at 
GS-15 of the General Schedule for each day (including travel time) 
during which the executive director is engaged in the performance of 
the duties of the Commission.
    (b) Staff.--The Executive Director, with the approval of the 
Commission, may appoint and fix the compensation of such additional 
personnel as the Executive Director determines necessary, without 
regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing 
appointments in the competitive service, and without regard to the 
provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title 
relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates, except that 
a rate of pay fixed under this subsection may not exceed the annual 
maximum rate of basic pay for a position above GS-15 of the General 
Schedule under section 5108 of title 5, United States Code.
    (c) Experts and Consultants.--The Executive Director may procure by 
contract the temporary or intermittent services of experts or 
consultants in accordance with section 3109 of title 5, United States 
Code, at rates for individuals that are not greater than the daily 
equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay for a comparable position 
paid under the General Schedule.
    (d) Services.--The Administrative Office of the United States 
Courts shall provide administrative services, including financial and 
budgeting services, to the Commission on a reimbursable basis. The 
Federal Judicial Center shall provide necessary research services to 
the Commission on a reimbursable basis.

SEC. 7. INFORMATION.

    The Commission is authorized to request from any department, 
agency, or independent instrumentality of the United States any 
information and assistance the Commission determines necessary to carry 
out its functions under this Act. Each such department, agency, and 
independent instrumentality is authorized to provide such information 
and assistance to the extent permitted by law when requested by the 
Chair of the Commission.

SEC. 8. STUDY AND REPORT.

    (a) Study.--Not later than the 10-month period beginning on the 
date on which a quorum of the Commission is present, the Commission 
shall conclude a study on the issues described in section 4(1).
    (b) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the date on which the 
period described in subsection (a) expires, the Commission shall submit 
to the President and Congress the report described in section 4(1).

SEC. 9. TERMINATION.

    The Commission shall terminate 90 days after the Commission submits 
the report described in section 8(b).

SEC. 10. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary 
not to exceed $1,000,000 to carry out this Act, to remain available 
until expended.
Example Output: Federal Courts of Appeals Modernization Act This bill establishes a Commission on Structural Alternatives for the Federal Courts of Appeals to: (1) study the present division of the U.S. courts of appeals, with particular references to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit; and (2) submit to the President and Congress recommendations for changes in circuit boundaries or structure for the expeditious and effective disposition of the caseload of such courts. The commission shall be composed of five members appointed by the Chief Justice of the United States.

Example Input: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Consumers Rebate to ban Emissions 
and Boost AlTernative Energy Act'' or the ``Consumers REBATE Act''.

SEC. 2. EXCISE TAX ON CARBON DIOXIDE CONTENT OF COAL, OIL, AND NATURAL 
              GAS.

    (a) In General.--The Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

   ``Subtitle L--Carbon Dioxide Content of Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas

``Sec. 9901. Imposition of tax.
``Sec. 9902. Carbon equivalency fee.
``Sec. 9903. Definitions.
``Sec. 9904. Special rules.

``SEC. 9901. IMPOSITION OF TAX.

    ``(a) In General.--There is hereby imposed a tax on producing at 
the wellhead or mine in the United States, or importing, a taxable 
carbon substance.
    ``(b) Rate of Tax.--
            ``(1) In general.--The tax imposed under subsection (a) 
        shall be the applicable amount per ton of carbon dioxide 
        content of the life-cycle emissions from the taxable carbon 
        substance.
            ``(2) Applicable amount.--For purposes of paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) For calendar year 2016, the term `applicable 
                amount' means $15.
                    ``(B) For a calendar year after 2016, the term 
                `applicable amount' means the amount in effect under 
                subparagraph (A) for the preceding calendar plus $15.
            ``(3) Target attainment year.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For any calendar year that is a 
                target attainment year, paragraph (2)(B) shall be 
                applied by substituting `zero dollars' for `$15'.
                    ``(B) Target attainment year.--For purposes of 
                subparagraph (A), the term `target attainment year' 
                means any calendar year for which the Secretary of the 
                Treasury, in consultation with the Administrator of the 
                Environmental Protection Agency, determines that the 
                life-cycle emissions from taxable carbon substances in 
                the United States is 50 percent of the life-cycle 
                emissions from taxable carbon substances in the United 
                States in 2005. Each determination under the preceding 
                year shall be made not later than 180 days before the 
                beginning of the calendar year to which it relates.
    ``(c) By Whom Paid.--The tax imposed by subsection (a) shall be 
paid by the producer, miner, or importer of the taxable carbon 
substance.
    ``(d) Regulations.--The Secretary shall issue such regulations as 
may be necessary or appropriate to carry out this subtitle, including 
regulations relating to the timely and efficient issuance of permits 
and collection of payments for such permits.

``SEC. 9902. CARBON EQUIVALENCY FEE.

    ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to ensure the 
environmental effectiveness of this subtitle.
    ``(b) Imports.--The Secretary shall impose carbon equivalency fees 
to be collected by the Commissioner responsible for U.S. Customs and 
Border Control on imports of goods containing or produced using a 
taxable carbon substance. The amount of the carbon equivalency fee with 
respect to the import of any good shall be equal to the cost that 
domestic producers of a comparable good incur as a result of--
            ``(1) the tax imposed under section 9901, and
            ``(2) carbon equivalency fees imposed under this subsection 
        on any goods used in the production of such good.
    ``(c) Expiration.--This section shall cease to have effect at such 
time as and to the extent that--
            ``(1) an international agreement requiring countries that 
        emit carbon dioxide or produce goods containing or using 
        taxable carbon substances to adopt equivalent measures comes 
        into effect, or
            ``(2) the country of export has implemented equivalent 
        measures, as determined by the Secretary, in consultation with 
        the Secretary of State.

``SEC. 9903. DEFINITIONS.

    ``For purposes of this subtitle--
            ``(1) Taxable carbon substance.--The term `taxable carbon 
        substance' means--
                    ``(A) coal,
                    ``(B) oil, and
                    ``(C) natural gas.
            ``(2) Coal.--The term `coal' includes lignite, anthracite, 
        bituminous, subbituminous, peat or other forms of what is 
        commonly referred to as coal produced from a mine.
            ``(3) Oil.--The term `oil' includes crude oil condensates, 
        natural gasoline, shale oil, any bitumen or bituminous mixture, 
        any oil derived from a bitumen or bituminous mixture, and any 
        oil derived from kerogen-bearing sources.
            ``(4) Natural gas.--The term `natural gas' means either 
        natural gas unmixed, or any mixture of natural and artificial 
        gas.
            ``(5) Life-cycle emissions.--The term `life-cycle 
        emissions' means total life-cycle emissions of carbon dioxide 
        from a taxable carbon substance which shall be determined by 
        the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.
            ``(6) United states.--The term `United States' means the 
        States, and territory or possession of the United States, and 
        the District of Columbia.

``SEC. 9904. SPECIAL RULES.

    ``(a) Export.--For purposes of this subtitle--
            ``(1) In general.--No tax shall be imposed under section 
        9901 on the production or mining of a taxable carbon substance 
        which is intended for export, including the sale or resale by a 
        purchaser to a second purchaser for export.
            ``(2) Proof of export required.--Rules similar to the rules 
        of section 4221(b) shall apply for purposes of paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Credit or refund where tax paid.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), if--
                            ``(i) tax under section 9901 was paid with 
                        respect to any taxable carbon substance, and
                            ``(ii)(I) such substance was exported by 
                        any person, or
                            ``(II) such substance was used as a 
                        material in the manufacture or production of a 
                        substance which was exported by any person and 
                        which, at the time of export, was a taxable 
                        carbon substance (as defined in section 
                        9902(1)),
                credit or refund (without interest) of such tax shall 
                be allowed or made to the person who paid such tax.
                    ``(B) Condition to allowance.--No credit or refund 
                shall be allowed or made under subparagraph (A) unless 
                the person who paid the tax establishes that he--
                            ``(i) has repaid or agreed to repay the 
                        amount of the tax to the person who exported 
                        the taxable chemical or taxable substance (as 
                        so defined), or
                            ``(ii) has obtained the written consent of 
                        such exporter to the allowance of the credit or 
                        the making of the refund.
            ``(4) Refunds directly to exporter.--The Secretary shall 
        provide, in regulations, the circumstances under which a credit 
        or refund (without interest) of the tax under section 9901 
        shall be allowed or made to the person who exported the taxable 
        carbon substance, where--
                    ``(A) the person who paid the tax waives his claim 
                to the amount of such credit or refund, and
                    ``(B) the person exporting the taxable carbon 
                substance provides such information as the Secretary 
                may require in such regulations.
            ``(5) Regulations.--The Secretary shall prescribe such 
        regulations as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of 
        this subsection.''.
    (b) Quarterly Payments to Eligible Individuals.--
            (1) In general.--From amounts deposited in the Treasury of 
        the United States pursuant to section 9901 of the Internal 
        Revenue Code of 1986, the Secretary shall make a payment for 
        each calendar quarter to each eligible individual.
            (2) Quarterly payment.--For purposes of paragraph (1), the 
        amount of each payment with respect to an eligible individual 
        shall be the amount determined by the Secretary by dividing--
                    (A) for the years 2017 through 2026--
                            (i) the total amount deposited in the 
                        Treasury of the United States pursuant to 
                        section 9901 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
                        1986 for the preceding calendar quarter, by
                            (ii) the total number of eligible 
                        individuals for such preceding calendar 
                        quarter, and
                    (B) for year 2027 and subsequent years--
                            (i) the smaller of--
                                    (I) the average of the total 
                                amounts deposited in the Treasury of 
                                the United States pursuant to section 
                                9901 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
                                1986 for the four quarters of 2026, and
                                    (II) the total amount deposited in 
                                the Treasury of the United States 
                                pursuant to section 9901 of the 
                                Internal Revenue Code of 1986 for the 
                                preceding calendar quarter, by
                            (ii) the total number of eligible 
                        individuals for such preceding calendar 
                        quarter.
            (3) Eligible individual.--For purposes of this subsection, 
        the term ``eligible individual'' means, with respect to any 
        quarter, any individual with a valid social security number 
        (other than a nonresident undocumented individual) who is 
        lawfully present in the United States for such quarter, as 
        determined and verified by the Secretary in consultation with 
        any other Federal entity the Secretary determines appropriate.
            (4) United states.--For purposes of this subsection, the 
        term ``United States'' means the States, and territory or 
        possession of the United States, and the District of Columbia.
    (c) Conforming and Clerical Amendments.--
            (1) The table of subtitles for the Internal Revenue Code of 
        1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new item:

 ``Subtitle L. Carbon Dioxide Content of Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas''.

    (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take 
effect on January 1, 2017.
Example Output:
Consumers Rebate to ban Emissions and Boost AlTernative Energy Act or the Consumers REBATE Act This bill amends the Internal Revenue Code to impose as of January 1, 2017, an excise tax on the production or importation of a taxable carbon substance (i.e., coal, oil, and natural gas), payable by the producer, miner, or importer of such substance. The tax does not apply to exports of a taxable carbon substance.  The bill requires the Department of the Treasury to: (1) impose carbon equivalency fees on imports of goods containing or produced using a taxable carbon substance; and (2) make quarterly payments, from the amounts deposited pursuant to imposition of the carbon excise tax, to lawful residents of the United States with a valid social security number.