In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

[EX Q]: Context: The Guatemalan potato tuber moth, Tecia solanivora, has been the most important pest species in Hispanico-American potato fields since its first record on potatoes in 1956 in Guatemala. This insect pest has been spreading to other parts of the world, including the Canary Islands in Europe. Tuber moth control relies heavily on the use of insecticides, including pyrethroids. Here, we assessed the likelihood of control failures and performed concentration-response bioassays in five Colombian strains of T. solanivora to evaluate their susceptibilities to the pyrethroid permethrin.', 'Evidence of control failures was observed in four strains tested, which exhibited moderate resistance levels (i.e. ranging from 5.4- to 24.4-fold). However, no spatial dependence was observed between the permethrin LC\Question: Is pyrethroid resistance associated with a kdr-type mutation ( L1014F ) in the potato tuber moth Tecia solanivora?
[EX A]: This is the first identification of a target-site-alteration-based resistance in the Guatemalan potato tuber moth T. solanivora, which is widespread and exhibits high frequencies among geographically distant strains, indicating that pyrethroids are probably becoming ineffective for the control of this pest species. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

[EX Q]: Context: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) improves the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer who respond, but it is not effective in nonresponders. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a reliable method of predicting response before initiation of chemotherapy. Hypercoagulability, which is thought to be because of upregulation of tissue factor (TF) in cancer cells, was reported to be associated with chemoresistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between TF expression and response to NACT in esophageal cancer.', 'In 67 patients with advanced esophageal cancer, TF expression in pretreatment biopsy samples was evaluated immunohistochemically and correlated with clinicopathologic factors and response to chemotherapy.', 'TF was expressed by 43.3% of the tumors, but there were no correlations observed with any clinicopathologic parameters examined. Clinical and histologic responses to chemotherapy were significantly worse in TF-positive patients compared with TF-negative patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that TF expression was significantly associated with a poor clinical response (P\xa0=\xa00.0431). TF expression was also independently associated with poor progression-free survival (P\xa0=\xa00.0353).\Question: Does tissue factor predict response to chemotherapy in esophageal cancer?
[EX A]: TF expression levels in pretreatment biopsy samples are useful for predicting response to NACT in advanced esophageal cancer. Further studies of mechanisms underlying the relationship between TF expression and chemosensitivity are needed.

[EX Q]: Context: Cardiac allograft vasculopathy is the leading cause of graft failure and death in heart transplant (HTx) recipients; however, the association between the etiology of heart failure (ischemic cardiomyopathy [ICM] or non-ICM) that led to HTx and progression of cardiac allograft vasculopathy, and adverse events after HTx has not been explored.', 'We retrospectively included 165 HTx patients, who were followed-up with at least 2 virtual histology-intravascular ultrasound examinations after HTx, and grouped them as ICM (n=46) or non-ICM (n=119). Coronary artery plaque volume was analyzed using virtual histology-intravascular ultrasound, and cardiovascular event data-a composite of myocardial infarction, hospitalization for heart failure and arrhythmia, revascularization, retransplantation, and death including cardiovascular death-were collected from the medical records of all study subjects. ICM patients had significantly higher plaque volume at both first (P=0.040) and follow-up (P=0.015) intravascular ultrasound examinations. After multivariate adjustment for traditional coronary risk factors, ICM was significantly associated with plaque progression (odds ratio 3.10; CI 1.17 to 9.36; P=0.023). Ten-year cardiovascular event-free survival was 50% in ICM patients compared with 84% in non-ICM patients (log-rank test P=0.003). In multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, ICM was significantly associated with a higher event rate after HTx (hazard ratio 2.02; 95% CI 1.01 to 4.00; P=0.048).\Question: Is ischemic cardiomyopathy associated with coronary plaque progression and higher event rate in patients after cardiac transplantation?
[EX A]:
Our study demonstrates that ischemic etiology of cardiomyopathy prior to HTx may be independently associated with plaque progression and higher event rate after HTx.