instruction:
In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``National Center for Excellence in 
Research and Development Act of 1996''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    The Congress finds the following:
            (1) Due to the end of the Cold War, the United States has 
        not recently conducted underground nuclear testing at the 
        Department of Energy facility known as the Nevada Test Site, 
        Nevada, and the United States does not plan to conduct such 
        testing in the foreseeable future.
            (2) Because the world political situation is ever-changing 
        and dangerous, it is imperative that the United States remain 
        strong militarily and continue to be a nuclear superpower.
            (3) It is imperative that portions of the Nevada Test Site 
        be maintained in a full state of readiness to ensure the 
        capability of the nuclear arsenal of the United States.
            (4) The Nevada Test Site is in a beneficial location for 
        activities suitable for research and development of emerging 
        technologies that will be important to the United States in the 
        21st century.
            (5) Technology development carried out at the Nevada Test 
        Site should include both private-sector and military projects.
            (6) The Nevada Test Site can support the stewardship of the 
        Nation's nuclear weapons stockpile, the nonproliferation of 
        nuclear weapons, and the technological competitiveness of the 
        United States by providing the environment for nuclear and non-
        nuclear test and demonstration experiments and projects for 
        government, industry, and academia.
            (7) The Nevada Test Site can provide the infrastructure to 
        support industrial and civilian tests of environmentally 
        demanding projects and programs in addition to maintaining its 
        readiness capability in support of the nuclear arsenal.
            (8) The Nevada Test Site can support the testing and 
        demonstration of environmental clean-up technologies by 
        government and industry.
            (9) The Nevada Test Site can support the testing of 
        alternative and renewable energy sources for environmentally 
        clean and economically competitive replacements for traditional 
        fossil energy sources and uses in many parts of Nevada and in 
        the United States as a whole.
            (10) The Nevada Test Site can provide support for 
        disarmament activities such as the demonstration of rocket 
        motor destruction technology and conventional munitions 
        destruction technology.
            (11) The Nevada Test Site can support non-proliferation 
        experiments in disablement, nuclear forensics, sensors, and 
        verification and monitoring.
            (12) The Nevada Test Site can support treaty-compliant 
        experiments for stockpile stewardship purposes.
            (13) The size and remoteness of the Nevada Test Site make 
        the Nevada Test Site well-suited for a multitude of activities 
        associated with the restructuring of the United States 
        military.
            (14) The Nevada Test Site can also support non-
        proliferation, counter-proliferation, and counter-terrorism 
        activities.

SEC. 3. PURPOSES.

    It is the purpose of this Act--
            (1) to ensure full operational readiness of the underground 
        nuclear testing facilities and infrastructure of the Nevada 
        Test Site;
            (2) to ensure an appropriate level of funds for such 
        readiness to be maintained;
            (3) to create a National Test and Demonstration Center of 
        Excellence at the Nevada Test Site for the promotion of 
        disarmament, demilitarization, alternative and renewable energy 
        sources, the nonproliferation of nuclear weapons, counter-
        proliferation of nuclear weapons, sensor development, and 
        environmentally sensitive technologies; and
            (4) to ensure the availability of the Nevada Test Site, 
        within appropriate restrictions, for use by private-sector 
        industries seeking to make use of the inherent qualities that 
        make the Nevada Test Site the greatest outdoor laboratory in 
        the world.

SEC. 4. MAINTENANCE OF READINESS CAPABILITY OF NEVADA TEST SITE.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) In general.--The amount referred to in paragraph (2) is 
        hereby authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy 
        for fiscal year 1995 and each fiscal year thereafter to 
        maintain the operational readiness of the underground nuclear 
        testing facilities and infrastructure of the Nevada Test Site.
            (2) Authorized amount.--The amount referred to in paragraph 
        (1) is not less than the amount appropriated to the Secretary 
        of Energy for fiscal year 1992 to maintain the operational 
        readiness of the underground nuclear testing facilities and 
        infrastructure of the Nevada Test Site.
    (b) Staffing Levels.--The Secretary of Energy shall maintain a 
staffing level at the Nevada Test Site that the Secretary considers 
sufficient to carry out activities under this Act in addition to any 
other activities conducted by the Department of Energy at the Nevada 
Test Site.
    (c) Infrastructure Assessments and Activities.--The Secretary of 
Energy, through the Nevada Test Site Operations Office, shall carry out 
any infrastructure assessments and activities necessary to accommodate 
new projects and initiatives at the Nevada Test Site.

SEC. 5. NATIONAL TEST AND DEMONSTRATION CENTER OF EXCELLENCE.

    (a) Establishment.--There is hereby established within the 
Department of Energy a National Test and Demonstration Center of 
Excellence (hereafter in this Act referred to as the ``Center''), to be 
located at the Nevada Test Site, Nevada.
    (b) Purpose.--It shall be the purpose of the Center to promote 
disarmament, demilitarization, alternative and renewable energy 
sources, the nonproliferation of nuclear weapons, counter-proliferation 
of nuclear weapons, sensor development, and environmentally sensitive 
technologies.
    (c) Activities Related to Alternative and Renewable Energy 
Sources.--The Center shall carry out the following testing and 
demonstration activities that are related to alternative and renewable 
energy sources:
            (1) The characterization of solar and geothermal resources 
        at the Nevada Test Site.
            (2) The development of alternative and renewable energy 
        sources, including, as a goal of the Center, the development 
        and completion of two 100-megawatt solar power plants by the 
        year 2000.
            (3) The conduct of a National Alternative-Fueled Vehicles 
        Program, the objective of which shall be to demonstrate the 
        regional use of natural gas, electricity, and hydrogen as 
        vehicle fuels.
    (d) Activities Related to Disarmament and Demilitarization.--The 
Center shall carry out testing and demonstration activities that are 
related to changes occurring in United States military as a result of 
the end of the Cold War, including activities--
            (1) that involve the demilitarization of large rocket motor 
        and conventional ordnance;
            (2) that assist in disarmament and demilitarization, 
        generally; and
            (3) that test and demonstrate the nonmilitary application 
        of technologies and resources the military application of which 
        has decreased or otherwise changed due to disarmament and 
        demilitarization.
    (e) Activities Related to Nuclear Stockpile Stewardship.--The 
Center shall carry out testing and demonstration activities related to 
the stewardship of the nuclear stockpile of the United States. Such 
activities shall include--
            (1) the conduct of experiments that assist in monitoring 
        compliance with international agreements on the 
        nonproliferation of nuclear weapons;
            (2) the provision of support to the Department of Energy 
        nuclear weapons complex;
            (3) the conduct of programs for the Department of Energy 
        and the Department of Defense to develop simulator technologies 
        for nuclear weapons design and effects, including advanced 
        hydrodynamic simulators, inertial confinement fusion test 
        facilities, and nuclear weapons effects simulators; and
            (4) the conduct of the stockpile stewardship program 
        established pursuant to section 3138 of the National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (107 Stat. 1946; Public 
        Law 103-160).
    (f) Activities Related to Nonproliferation.--The Center shall carry 
out experiments related to the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons, 
including experiments with respect to disablement, nuclear forensics, 
sensors, and verification and monitoring.
    (g) Activities Related to Counter-Proliferation.--The Center shall 
carry out experiments related to the counter-proliferation of nuclear 
weapons.
    (h) Activities Related to Environmental Technologies.--The Center 
shall carry out testing and demonstration activities related to the 
development of environmental technologies, including--
            (1) the demonstration of technologies concerning the 
        remediation of toxic and hazardous chemicals; and
            (2) the conduct of training activities pertaining to 
        emergency response to hazardous and toxic accidents and 
        emergencies.
    (i) Other Activities.--The Center may carry out the testing and 
demonstration of any other technology which, in the determination of 
the Secretary of Energy, is appropriate for testing and demonstration 
at the Nevada Test Site.

SEC. 6. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    Except as provided in section 4, there is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary of Energy for fiscal year 1997 such sums 
as may be necessary to carry out this Act.
answer:
National Center for Excellence in Research and Development Act of 1996 - Authorizes appropriations to the Secretary of Energy for FY 1995 and beyond to maintain the operational readiness of the underground nuclear testing facilities and infrastructure of the Nevada Test Site. 
Establishes within the Department of Energy a national Test and Demonstration Center of Excellence at the Nevada Test Site, Nevada, to implement testing and demonstration activities related to:  (1) certain alternative and renewable energy sources, including solar and geothermal energy, as well as natural gas, electricity, and hydrogen as components of a National Alternative-Fueled Vehicles Program; (2) certain changes in the U.S. military as a result of the end of the Cold War, including demilitarization and disarmament activities and the nonmilitary application of military technologies and resources; (3) stewardship of the Federal nuclear stockpile; (4) non-proliferation and counter-proliferation of nuclear weapons; and (5) development of certain environmental technologies, including technologies for remediation of toxic and hazardous chemicals, and activities pertaining to emergency response to hazardous and toxic accidents.


question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Humanitarian Exports Leading to 
Peace Act of 2001''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    The Congress finds the following:
            (1) The Iraqi people suffered under a decade of war and 
        continue to suffer under a repressive regime and the most 
        comprehensive economic sanctions ever imposed on any country.
            (2) The economic sanctions have caused extraordinary 
        hardship on the people of Iraq and failed to weaken the 
        leadership of Iraq, and have undermined the institutions of 
        civil society which are necessary for democratic political 
        life.
            (3) The investigative panel established by the United 
        Nations Security Council and other independent bodies have 
        confirmed that the United Nations Oil-for-Food program has 
        failed to adequately meet the needs of the Iraqi people.
            (4) According to the United States Department of 
        Agriculture, Iraq represents a potential market for nearly 
        $1,000,000,000 in agricultural products from the United States.
            (5) The sanctions regime continues to harm the Iraqi 
        population for the crimes of its leaders and has not served 
        either the goal of the United States of punishing Iraq's 
        leaders or disarming weapons of mass destruction.
            (6) Rigorous weapons inspections and adequate provision for 
        civilian needs in Iraq are not mutually exclusive.
            (7) The devastating effect of the economic sanctions on 
        Iraq has been reported by numerous international and 
        independent bodies, including the following:
                    (A) The Center for Economic and Social Rights of 
                the United Nations documented dramatic increases in 
                malnutrition and disease, leading to the deaths of 
                hundreds of thousands of children under the age of 5 
                since 1991.
                    (B) UNICEF reported in 1995 that ``no significant 
                movement towards food security can be achieved so long 
                as the embargo remains in place''. Further, despite the 
                Oil-for-Food Program, UNICEF reported in July 1999 
                survey findings that ``Both the infant mortality rate 
                and the under-five mortality rate consistently show a 
                major increase in mortality over the 10 years preceding 
                the survey. More specifically, the results show that 
                the infant mortality rate has increased from 47 deaths 
                per 1,000 live births for the period 1984-89, to 108 
                deaths per 1,000 live births for the period 1994-99.''.
                    (C) A report authorized by the United National 
                Security Council on March 30, 1999, found that ``the 
                gravity of the humanitarian situation of the Iraqi 
                people is indisputable and cannot be overstated.''. 
                Further, it emphasized that ``Even if not all suffering 
                in Iraq can be imputed to external factors, especially 
                sanctions, the Iraqi people would not be undergoing 
                such deprivations in the absence of the prolonged 
                measures imposed by the Security Council and the 
                effects of the war''.
                    (D) UNICEF and the World Food Program found in 1997 
                that ``One out of every 4 young Iraqi children is 
                malnourished. More than 750,000 children are suffering 
                from malnutrition''.

SEC. 3. LIMITATION ON PROHIBITIONS AND RESTRICTIONS ON TRADE WITH IRAQ 
              TO ALLOW FOR THE EXPORT OF FOOD, MEDICINES, AND CERTAIN 
              OTHER PRODUCTS.

    The sanctions applied with respect to Iraq under the Iraq Sanctions 
Act of 1990 (sections 586-586J of the Foreign Operations, Export 
Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1991 (Public Law 
101-513)) or any other provision of law shall not apply with respect to 
the export to Iraq of any food or other agricultural products 
(including fertilizer), medicines, medical supplies, medical 
instruments, or medical equipment, or with respect to travel incident 
to the sale or delivery to Iraq of food or other agricultural products 
(including fertilizer), medicines, medical supplies, medical 
instruments, or medical equipment.

SEC. 4. ADMINISTRATION BY SECRETARY OF COMMERCE.

    (a) Administration by Secretary of Commerce.--The Secretary of 
Commerce shall exercise the authorities of the Export Administration 
Act of 1979, as in effect pursuant to the International Emergency 
Economic Powers Act, to carry out section 3, except that--
            (1) the Secretary may not require a license for the export 
        of any of the items to which section 3 applies; but
            (2) the Secretary shall require persons exporting such 
        items to notify the Secretary of such exports.
    (b) Regulations.--The Secretary of Commerce shall issue such 
regulations as are necessary to carry out section 3.

SEC. 5. CONFORMING AMENDMENT.

    Section 906(a)(1) of the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export 
Enhancement Act of 2000 (title IX of H.R. 5426 of the 106th Congress, 
as enacted into law by section 1(a) of Public Law 106-387) is amended 
by inserting ``(other than Iraq)'' after ``government of a country''.

SEC. 6. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of the Congress that the United States Government 
should take all necessary steps to end the suffering of innocent 
populations, primarily children and the elderly, by allowing the free 
flow of humanitarian aid to Iraq without threat of prosecution. Such 
steps should include, but not be limited to, using its position as a 
permanent member of the United Nations Security Council--
            (1) to lift the economic sanctions on Iraq so as to allow 
        exports and travel referred to in section 3; and
            (2) to recommend a ban on transfers of weapons to Iraq by 
        countries that are members of the United Nations.

SEC. 7. REPORT TO CONGRESS.

    Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the President shall transmit to the Congress a report that sets 
forth--
            (1) the extent (expressed in volume and dollar amounts) of 
        sales to Iraq of food and other agricultural products 
        (including fertilizer), medicines, medical supplies, medical 
        instruments, and medical equipment, since the enactment of this 
        Act;
            (2) the impact the exports have had on food security in 
        Iraq;
            (3) a description of the types and end users of the goods 
        so exported;
            (4) whether there has been any indication that any 
        medicines, medical supplies, medical instruments, or medical 
        equipment exported to Iraq since the enactment of this Act--
                    (A) have been diverted by the Government of Iraq or 
                any other third party from the intended recipients; or
                    (B) have been used for any unintended 
                nonhumanitarian or dual-use purposes; and
            (5) what steps the United States has taken through the 
        United Nations, with the cooperation of Security Council 
        members, to--
                    (A) lift nonmilitary sanctions on Iraq, including 
                actions described in section 6; or
                    (B) impose a strict regional arms control regime 
                pursuant to Article 14 of Security Council Resolution 
                687.
answer:
Humanitarian Exports Leading to Peace Act of 2001 - Declares that certain sanctions prohibiting trade with Iraq under the Iraq Sanctions Act of 1990 or any other provision of law shall not apply with respect to the export of any food or other agricultural products (including fertilizer), medicines, medical supplies, medical instruments, or medical equipment, or with respect to travel incident to the sale or delivery of such items.Directs the Secretary of Commerce to exercise the authorities of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (as in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act) to carry out this Act; except that the Secretary may not require a license for the export of humanitarian assistance, but shall require persons to notify the Secretary when exporting such assistance.Amends the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000 to repeal a specified section prohibiting the export to Iraq of agricultural commodities (including the financing of their sale), medicine, or medical devices, and travel (effectively allowing the export of such commodities and travel to such country).Expresses the sense of Congress that the U.S. Government should take all necessary steps to end the suffering of innocent populations, primarily children and the elderly, by allowing the free flow of humanitarian aid to Iraq without threat of prosecution. Urges the U.S. Government to use its position as a permanent member of the United Nations (UN) Security Council to lift the economic sanctions on Iraq so as to allow such exports and travel there, and to recommend a ban on transfers of weapons to such country by countries that are members of the UN.


question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Space Leadership Preservation Act of 
2015''.

SEC. 2. ADMINISTRATOR AND DEPUTY ADMINISTRATOR.

    Section 20111 of title 51, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``Administrator.--There is 
                established'' and inserting ``Administrator.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is established'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1), as so designated by 
                subparagraph (A) of this paragraph--
                            (i) by inserting ``, pursuant to paragraph 
                        (2),'' after ``who shall be appointed''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``The Administrator shall 
                        serve for a term of 10 years.'' after ``and 
                        activities thereof.''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraph:
            ``(2) Board of directors nominations.--The President shall 
        appoint the Administrator under paragraph (1) from among the 
        list of nominees provided by the Board of Directors pursuant to 
        section 20118(l)(2)(A). The President shall appoint a new 
        Administrator not later than 3 months after the first set of 
        nominees is so provided by the Board of Directors. The sitting 
        Administrator may serve in the position until a new 
        Administrator appointed pursuant to this paragraph is confirmed 
        by the Senate.''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by striking ``Administrator.--There shall be'' 
                and inserting ``Administrator.--
            ``(1) In general.--There shall be'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1), as so designated by 
                subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, by inserting ``, 
                pursuant to paragraph (2),'' after ``who shall be 
                appointed''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraph:
            ``(2) Board of directors nominations.--The President shall 
        appoint the Deputy Administrator under paragraph (1) from among 
        the list of nominees provided by the Board of Directors 
        pursuant to section 20118(l)(2)(B).''.

SEC. 3. BOARD OF DIRECTORS.

    (a) Establishment.--Subchapter II of chapter 201 of title 51, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new 
section:
``Sec. 20118. Board of Directors
    ``(a) Establishment.--There shall be established a Board of 
Directors for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in 
accordance with this section, not later than 9 months after the date of 
the enactment of the Space Leadership Preservation Act of 2015.
    ``(b) Membership and Appointment.--The Board shall consist of 11 
members to be appointed as follows:
            ``(1) Three members shall be appointed by the President.
            ``(2) Three members shall be appointed by the President pro 
        tempore of the Senate.
            ``(3) One member shall be appointed by the minority leader 
        of the Senate.
            ``(4) Three members shall be appointed by the Speaker of 
        the House of Representatives.
            ``(5) One member shall be appointed by the minority leader 
        of the House of Representatives.
In addition to the members appointed under paragraphs (1) through (5), 
the Administrator shall be an ex officio, nonvoting member of the 
Board.
    ``(c) Qualifications.--The individuals appointed as members of the 
Board shall be--
            ``(1) former astronauts or scientists or engineers eminent 
        in the fields of human spaceflight, planetary science, space 
        science, Earth science, and aeronautics, or other scientific, 
        engineering, business, and social science disciplines related 
        to space and aeronautics;
            ``(2) selected on the basis of established records of 
        distinguished service; and
            ``(3) so selected as to provide representation of the views 
        of engineering, science, and aerospace leaders in all areas of 
        the Nation.
    ``(d) Limitation on Members.--An individual employed by or 
representing an organization with which the Administration has a 
contract is not eligible to serve on the Board, except for scientists 
employed by or representing not-for-profit colleges and universities 
and other not-for-profit organizations. A former Board member may not 
take employment with or represent an organization with which the 
Administration has a contract, or which is seeking such a contract, for 
a period of 2 years following completion of service on the Board.
    ``(e) Terms.--The term of office of each member of the Board shall 
be 3 years, except that any member appointed to fill a vacancy 
occurring prior to the expiration of the term for which his predecessor 
was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term. Any 
person who has been a member of the Board for 12 consecutive years 
shall thereafter be ineligible for appointment during the 2-year period 
following the expiration of such 12th year.
    ``(f) Travel Expenses.--Each member of the Board shall receive 
travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in 
accordance with applicable provisions under subchapter I of chapter 57 
of title 5, United States Code.
    ``(g) Meetings.--The Board shall meet quarterly and at such other 
times as the Chairman may determine, but the Chairman shall also call a 
meeting whenever one-third of the members so request in writing. The 
Board shall adopt procedures governing the conduct of its meetings, 
including delivery of notice and a definition of a quorum, which in no 
case shall be less than one-half plus one of the members of the Board.
    ``(h) Chairman and Vice Chairman.--The election of the Chairman and 
Vice Chairman of the Board shall take place at each first quarter 
meeting occurring in an even-numbered year. The Vice Chairman shall 
perform the duties of the Chairman in his absence. In case a vacancy 
occurs in the chairmanship or vice chairmanship, the Board shall elect 
a member to fill such vacancy.
    ``(i) Staff.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Chairman may, with the concurrence 
        of a majority of Board members, appoint professional staff, 
        technical and professional personnel on leave of absence from 
        academic, industrial, or research institutions for a limited 
        term, and operations and support staff. The duties of such 
        staff shall be assigned at the direction of the Board as 
        necessary to assist the Board in exercising its powers and 
        functions under this section.
            ``(2) Competitive service; compensation.--Professional 
        staff and limited-term technical and professional personnel may 
        be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, 
        United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive 
        service, and the provisions of chapter 51 of such title 
        relating to classification, and shall be compensated at a rate 
        not exceeding the maximum rate payable under section 5376 of 
        such title.
    ``(j) Special Commissions.--The Board is authorized to establish 
such special commissions as it may from time to time deem necessary for 
the purposes of this section.
    ``(k) Committees.--The Board is authorized to appoint from among 
its members such committees as it deems necessary, and to assign to 
committees so appointed such survey and advisory functions as the Board 
deems appropriate to assist it in exercising its powers and functions 
under this section.
    ``(l) Functions.--
            ``(1) Budget proposal.--Not later than November 15 of each 
        year, the Board shall provide to the President, the Committee 
        on Appropriations of the House of Representatives, the 
        Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
        Representatives, the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, 
        and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of 
        the Senate, a proposed budget for the National Aeronautics and 
        Space Administration for the next fiscal year. Such budget 
        shall--
                    ``(A) carry out the purpose described in section 
                20102(h);
                    ``(B) be based on--
                            ``(i) the best professional judgment of the 
                        Board;
                            ``(ii) recommendations from the scientific, 
                        engineering, and other technical experts 
                        communities; and
                            ``(iii) the recommendations of the most 
                        recent National Research Council decadal 
                        surveys; and
                    ``(C) follow such decadal survey's recommended 
                decision rules regarding program implementation, 
                including a strict adherence to the recommendation that 
                the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
                include in a balanced program a flagship class mission, 
                which may be executed in cooperation with one or more 
                international partners.
            ``(2) Nominees for administrator, deputy administrator, and 
        chief financial officer.--The Board shall provide to the 
        President--
                    ``(A) a list of 3 nominees from which the President 
                shall appoint an Administrator pursuant to section 
                20111(a);
                    ``(B) a list of 3 nominees from which the President 
                shall appoint a Deputy Administrator pursuant to 
                section 20111(b); and
                    ``(C) a list of 3 nominees from which the President 
                shall appoint a Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 
                section 205(a) of the Chief Financial Officers Act (31 
                U.S.C. 901(a)).
        The Board shall provide the first set of nominees under this 
        paragraph not later than 15 months after the date of the 
        enactment of the Space Leadership Preservation Act of 2015.
            ``(3) Reports.--
                    ``(A) Annual infrastructure, capabilities, and 
                workforce assessment.--The Board shall provide to the 
                President and the Congress annually a report assessing 
                the status of United States spaceflight infrastructure, 
                unique space capabilities, and the availability of 
                qualified United States workers necessary to maintain 
                such infrastructure and capabilities. The assessment 
                shall also identify areas of concern, gaps in 
                capability compared to foreign spaceflight 
                capabilities, and recommendations on how to strengthen 
                or improve United States capabilities and workforce.
                    ``(B) Specific policy matter reports.--The Board 
                shall provide to the President and the Congress reports 
                on specific, individual policy matters within the 
                authority of the Administration (or otherwise as 
                requested by the Congress or the President) related to 
                human spaceflight, planetary science, Earth science, 
                aeronautics, and science, technology, engineering, and 
                mathematics education, as the Board, the President, or 
                the Congress determines the need for such reports.
            ``(4) Review.--The Board shall provide to the President and 
        the Congress, not later than the later of 180 days after the 
        establishment of the Board or the third quarterly meeting of 
        the Board, and once every 4 years thereafter, a review of 
        current space programs and a vision for future space 
        exploration.
            ``(5) Removal of administrator for cause.--The Board may 
        provide to the President and the Congress a report recommending 
        the removal of the Administrator for cause. Any such report 
        shall include the reasons for such recommendation.
    ``(m) Budget Meetings.--Portions of Board meetings in which the 
Board considers the budget proposal required under subsection (l)(1) 
for a particular fiscal year may be closed to the public until the 
Board submits the proposal to the President and the Congress.
    ``(n) Financial Disclosure.--Members of the Board shall be required 
to file a financial disclosure report under title I of the Ethics in 
Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App. 92 Stat. 1836), except that such 
reports shall be held confidential and exempt from any law otherwise 
requiring their public disclosure.''.
    (b) Table of Sections.--The table of sections for chapter 201 of 
title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end of the 
items for subchapter II the following new item:

``20118. Board of Directors.''.

SEC. 4. BUDGET PROPOSAL.

    Section 30103 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(e) Board of Directors Proposal.--
            ``(1) Inclusion in president's proposed budget.--The 
        proposed budget for the Administration submitted to the 
        Congress by the President for each fiscal year shall include a 
        description of, and a detailed justification for, any 
        differences between the President's proposed budget and the 
        budget provided by the Board of Directors under section 
        20118(l)(1).
            ``(2) Elements of budget proposal.--Subsections (a) through 
        (d) of this section shall apply to the proposed budget provided 
        by the Board of Directors under section 20118(l)(1).''.

SEC. 5. LONG-TERM CONTRACTING.

    (a) Amendments.--Section 20142 of title 51, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``Contracts 
        regarding expendable launch vehicles'' and inserting ``Long-
        term contracting'';
            (2) in subsection (a), by--
                    (A) striking ``expendable launch vehicle services'' 
                and inserting ``rocket propulsion systems and manned 
                and unmanned space transportation vehicles and 
                payloads, including expendable launch vehicles, and any 
                other infrastructure intended for placement or 
                operation in space or on celestial bodies, and services 
                related thereto,''; and
                    (B) striking ``related to launch'' and inserting 
                ``related to''; and
            (3) in subsection (b), by striking ``launch services'' and 
        inserting ``the goods and services to have been provided under 
        the contract''.
    (b) Table of Sections Amendment.--The item relating to section 
20142 in the table of sections for chapter 201 of title 51, United 
States Code, is amended to read as follows:

``20142. Long-term contracting.''.
answer:

Space Leadership Preservation Act of 2015  Establishes a 10-year term of office for the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  Establishes a NASA Board of Directors together with appointment criteria. Requires the President to appoint the Administrator from among a list of nominees provided by the Board, and a Deputy Administrator from among a separate list of Board nominees.  Authorizes the Board to establish special commissions as it deems necessary. Requires the Board to provide: (1) NASA's proposed annual budget; (2) annual reports on spaceflight infrastructure, unique space capabilities, and the availability of qualified U.S. workers necessary to maintain such infrastructure and capabilities; (3) reports on specific policy matters; and (4) once every four years a review of current space programs and a vision for future space exploration.  Authorizes NASA to enter into contracts for rocket propulsion systems and manned and unmanned space transportation vehicles and payloads.