In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision.  Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. You should write an incorrect option. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.

Ex Input:
Law. 11-12 (Nov. 1994) ("The side with the best case almost always wins, and the performance of the lawyers almost never matters. Some of the best lawyering I've ever seen has resulted in spectacular losses. And some of the most bumbling lawyers have had the fortune of attaching themselves to strong, and therefore winning, cases."). 50 . See Attorney Grievance Comm'n of Md. v. Snyder, 368 Md. 242, 793 A.2d 515, 531 (2002) (finding that attorney's failure to research whether his client, a criminal defendant, needed to be present at her initial appearance, as well as his failure to have her arrest warrant recalled once he learned of its issuance, provided sufficient evidence that he had violated MRPC 1.1); Attorney Grievance Comm'n of Md. v. Mooney, 359 Md. 56, 753 A.2d 17, 26-27 (2000) (<HOLDING>). 51 . Stip. Ex. 26 at Beecher00203. 52 . See 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that under texas law the mere representation of a party in a lawsuit does not establish privity between an attorney and his or her client (B) holding client is not liable for actions of attorney who misled client as to the status of case (C) holding that an attorney may only undertake to represent a new client against a former client  where there is no confidential information received from the former client that is in any way relevant to representation of the current client (D) holding that an attorney whose office staff incorrectly instructed a client that he need not appear in court for trial provided incompetent representation (E) holding an attorney is an agent of the client and therefore cannot conspire with the client

Ex Output:
holding that under texas law the mere representation of a party in a lawsuit does not establish privity between an attorney and his or her client


Ex Input:
small pieces of the Walkway, or access to the Walkway, built upon it. See Def.-Int. Reply at p. 14 (noting that the second of two issues remaining for the Court to decide, given that the public trust doctrine gov erns a large portion of the land at issue, is “whether the state acted rationally in determining that access across the perpendicular paths and scattered small portions of the Walkway constructed on uplands is ‘reasonably necessary’ to protect that public’s right of access to the remaining 88.7 percent of the Walkway that is situated on tidelands”). Plaintiffs’ taking claims with respect to this small portion of the property at issue are governed by the reasonableness test enunciated in Matthews. See Matthews v. Bay Head Improvement Ass’n, 95 N.J. 306, 326, 471 A.2d 355 (1984) (<HOLDING>), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 821, 105 S.Ct. 93, 83 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that public use of a beach was presumed to have originated by permission and to have continued as a license until some act  of the public or public official asserted the use to be exercised as a matter of right rather than privilege (B) holding that in order to exercise its rights under the public trust doctrine the public must be given both access to and use of privatelyowned dry sand areas as reasonably necessary (C) holding that the borough of deals dedication of a portion of a beach for use by its residents only was immaterial given the public trust doctrines requirement that the public be afforded the right to enjoy all dry sand beaches owned by a municipality (D) holding that under the public standing doctrine it is only necessary that the relator shall be a citizen and as such interested in the execution of the laws (E) recognizing that public utilities affect the public interest in that they render essential public services to a large number of the general public

Ex Output:
holding that public use of a beach was presumed to have originated by permission and to have continued as a license until some act  of the public or public official asserted the use to be exercised as a matter of right rather than privilege


Ex Input:
Id., 177 W.Va. at 322, 352 S.E.2d at 72. In Daily Gazette, we noted that “it seems evident that the legislature enacted these provisions with the ultimate purpose of improving the quality of medical care provided in the hospitals of this State.” Id., 177 W.Va. at 322, 352 S.E.2d at 71. See Mahmoodian v. United Hospital Center, Inc., 185 W.Va. 59, 65, 404 S.E.2d 750, 756 (1991), cert. denied — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 185, 116 L.Ed.2d 146 (1991), (noting that this Code section “evinces a public policy encouraging health care professionals to monitor the competency and professional conduct of their peers in order to safeguard and improve the quality of patient care”). In Daily Gazette, we also quoted from Jenkins v. Wu, 102 Ill.2d 468, 82 Ill.Dec. 382, 388, 468 N.E.2d 1162, 1168 (1984) (<HOLDING>) that “[T]he purpose of this legislation is not 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that a similar hawaii statute violates equal protection (B) holding transfer rule did not violate federal equal protection (C) holding that failing to comply with hospital bylaws in connection with peer review proceeding did not vitiate peer review immunity (D) holding a similar peer review confidentiality statute did not deny the plaintiffs equal protection (E) holding that state and federal equal protection guarantees provide similar protections

Ex Output:

holding that a similar hawaii statute violates equal protection