Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

[Q]: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common solid tumors and ranks the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression dynamics of GOLPH3 in HCC tissue samples, and explore the correlation between GOLPH3 expression and prognosis in patients with HCC.', 'The levels of Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) mRNA and protein in liver cancer cell lines and fresh tissues were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Additionally, the protein expression of GOLPH3 was detected by immunohistochemistry.', 'High GOLPH3 expression was positively correlated with serum AFP level (P=0.015) and tumor recurrence or metastasis (P=0.010). In addition, liver cancer patients with high GOLPH3 expression had significantly poorer overall survival (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.19-2.94; P=0.006) and poorer disease-free survival (HR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.21-2.98; P=0.005) than those with low GOLPH3 expression. The cumulative 5-year survival rate was only 35.19% (95% CI, 26.18%-44.20%) in the high GOLPH3 expression group, whereas it was 55.93% (95% CI, 43.26%-68.60%) in the low GOLPH3 expression group. Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the expression of GOLPH3, tumor size and tumor multiplicity were independent prognostic predictors for HCC patients.
[A]: 1


[Q]: Alterations of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors contribute to prostate cancer progression by enhancing cellular proliferation, survival, and motility. The Sprouty gene family negatively regulates FGF signaling and may limit the ability of FGFs to enhance tumor progression. Sprouty1 is down regulated in human prostate cancers and Sprouty1 expression can markedly inhibit prostate cancer proliferation in vitro. Sprouty4 has been shown to negatively regulate both proliferation and cell migration in other systems. We therefore examined whether Sprouty4 expression was altered in prostate cancer.', 'Expression of Sprouty4 was examined by in situ hybridization and quantitative RT-PCR. Methylation of the Sprouty4 gene promoter was assessed using bisulfite modification and sequencing. The effect of Sprouty4 expression on cell migration was determined using an in vitro wounding assay.', "By in situ hybridization Sprouty4 is expressed in normal prostatic epithelial cells and is decreased in a subset of prostate cancers. Quantitative RT-PCR confirms that Sprouty4 expression is decreased in approximately one half of prostate cancers. Analysis of the 5'-regulatory region revealed a CpG island approximately 1 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site, the proximal portion of which was preferentially methylated in prostate cancer tissues. More than one half of all prostate cancer DNAs were methylated in this region and methylation was significantly correlated with decreased Sprouty4 expression as determined by quantitative RT-PCR. When overexpressed in prostate cancer cell lines, Sprouty4 did not inhibit cell proliferation but did inhibit cell migration.
[A]: 1


[Q]: Renalase is a kidney-origin monoamine oxidase which can degrade catecholamines and regulate blood pressure and cardiovascular function. Although it has been shown that serum renalase level significantly decreases with impaired renal function, it is not clear whether its level is related to different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients.', 'Eighty-seven patients with CKD were selected as subjects of this study to investigate the serum renalase and catecholamine (CA) levels by ELISA method, and their relationship with other renal function indicators.', 'Serum levels of renalase and renalase-catecholamine (R/C) ratios were significantly higher in CKD stage 3-5 patients (217.4 ± 103.8 ng/L, 1.00 ± 0.21) than CKD stage 1-2 patients (162.1 ± 40.1 ng/L, 0.82 ± 0.16; P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference between CKD stage 1-2 patients and the normal control group (167.8 ± 69.4 ng/L, 0.88 ± 0.17; P > 0.05). Renalase levels were linearly correlated with catecholamine levels (R (2) = 0.817; P < 0.01). Serum renalase levels were positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum CA, BUN, SCr, UA, and CKD stage (P < 0.05), while negatively correlated with RBC, Hb and estimated GFR (eGFR) (P < 0.05). R/C ratio was positively correlated with SBP, diastolic blood pressure, BUN, SCr, UA, cystatin C, β2 microglobulin, retinol binding protein-4 and CKD stage (P < 0.05), while negatively correlated with RBC, Hb, eGFR and GFR (P < 0.05).
[A]:
0