instruction:
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
question:
Context_1 : Blink is a 1994 American neo-noir thriller film starring Madeleine Stowe and Aidan Quinn. Director Michael Apted was nominated for a Crystal Globe award for the film at the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival, and screenwriter Dana Stevens was nominated for Best Motion Picture at the Edgar Allan Poe Awards. Emmy Award-winning actress Laurie Metcalf also had a role in the film. Chicago rock band The Drovers played a support role as themselves, contributing three songs to the soundtrack. Stowe's character, Emma, is a fiddler in the group. Some scenes were filmed in Chicago, Illinois. Context_2 : Madeleine Marie Stowe (born August 18, 1958) is an American actress. She appeared mostly on television before her breakthrough role in the 1987 crime-comedy film "Stakeout". She went on to star in the films "Revenge" (1990), "Unlawful Entry" (1992), "The Last of the Mohicans" (1992), "Blink" (1993), "Bad Girls" (1994), "12 Monkeys" (1995), "The General’s Daughter" (1999), and "We Were Soldiers" (2002). For her role in the 1993 independent film "Short Cuts", she won the National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress. Context_3 : Impostor is a 2002 American science fiction film based upon the 1953 short story "Impostor" by Philip K. Dick. The film starred Gary Sinise, Madeleine Stowe, Vincent D'Onofrio, and Mekhi Phifer and was directed by Gary Fleder. Context_4 : Barrel of Monkeys is a toy game released by Lakeside Toys in 1965. It was created by Leonard Marks and Milton Dinhofer in 1961, and in 1964, Herman Kesler partnered to sell it to Lakeside Toys. Lakeside Toys released it in 1965 and today it is produced by the Milton Bradley Company within the Hasbro corporation. Milton Bradley's editions consist of a toy barrel in either blue, yellow, red, purple, orange, gray or green. The barrel contains 12 monkeys but can hold 24, their color usually corresponding to the barrel's color. The instructions state, "Dump monkeys onto table. Pick up one monkey by an arm. Hook other arm through a second monkey's arm. Continue making a chain. Your turn is over when a monkey is dropped." In addition to these basic instructions, the barrel also contains instructions for playing alone or with two or more players. Context_5 : China Moon is a 1994 American neo-noir film directed by John Bailey and starring Ed Harris, Madeleine Stowe and Benicio del Toro. It was written by Roy Carlson. It was filmed in 1991 but "shelved" for three years before its release. Context_6 : Octane (known as Pulse in the United States) is a 2003 thriller film directed by Marcus Adams and starring Madeleine Stowe, Mischa Barton and Norman Reedus. The film follows a divorced mother (Stowe) and her teenage daughter (Barton) on a late-night road trip, and the mother's battle to find her daughter after she gets caught up with a bizarre cult of young criminals at a truck stop. Shot largely in Luxembourg, the film features a soundtrack by dance duo Orbital. Context_7 : Stakeout is a 1987 American crime-comedy film directed by John Badham and starring Richard Dreyfuss, Emilio Estevez, Madeleine Stowe, Aidan Quinn, and Forest Whitaker. The screenplay was written by Jim Kouf, who won a 1988 Edgar Award for his work. Although the story is set in Seattle, Washington, the film was filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia. Context_8 : 12 Monkeys, also known as Twelve Monkeys, is a 1995 American neo-noir science fiction film directed by Terry Gilliam, inspired by Chris Marker's 1962 short film "La Jetée", and starring Bruce Willis, Madeleine Stowe, and Brad Pitt, with Christopher Plummer and David Morse in supporting roles. After Universal Studios acquired the rights to remake "La Jetée" as a full-length film, David and Janet Peoples were hired to write the script. Context_9 : Brian Edward Benben (born June 18, 1956) is an American actor, best known for his role as Martin Tupper in the HBO comedy television series "Dream On" (1990–1996), and also known as Dr. Sheldon Wallace on ABC medical drama "Private Practice" (2008–2013). Benben is married to Madeleine Stowe. Context_10 : The Short Cuts Soundtrack was released in 1993 as the soundtrack album for the film "Short Cuts". The album was released by the Imago Recording Company. fact_1 :  For her role in the 1993 independent film "Short Cuts", she won the National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress. fact_2 : 12 Monkeys, also known as Twelve Monkeys, is a 1995 American neo-noir science fiction film directed by Terry Gilliam, inspired by Chris Marker's 1962 short film "La Jetée", and starring Bruce Willis, Madeleine Stowe, and Brad Pitt, with Christopher Plummer and David Morse in supporting roles. Question: Madeleine Stowe the star of  12 Monkeys won what award for her role in "Short Cuts"?
answer:
Best Supporting Actress


question:
Context_1 : Playboy's Dark Justice is a half hour computer animated softcore pornographic TV series shown on Playboy TV premiering on September 3, 2000 at 10:00pm Eastern/9:00pm Central and running for 20 (of an intended 26) episodes until 2001 and was perhaps the first and only show of its kind created. Unlike most talk, variety, and reality series on Playboy TV, "Dark Justice" had characters and story arcs. It featured a heroine named Justina (voiced by Veronica Hart) who would fight crime as part of a vigilante force in a dystopian world in Metro City in 2120. The plots would inevitably lead to Justina and others in sexual situations. The series was directed by Michael Ninn, with Robert C. England as Technical Director, Lead Animator, Motion Capture Actor, and the voice of Wendell, and produced by Ninn & Hart (among others) through Hope Ranch Productions, and featured a number of porn stars as voice actors and models for motion capture animated with 3D Studio Max and Character Studio. Context_2 : Justin Bradley (born September 8, 1985) is a Canadian actor. He was born in Montreal, Quebec. He started his career at the age of six, modelling on various department store advertisements. Bradley also appeared in commercials for McDonald's, Danone and Canadian Tire as a child. Best known for voice overs, he did the voice over of the main character in the children's animation, "Arthur" (in which he voiced the main character in 2001), voiced Tommy in the Cinelume dub of the Italian animated TV series "Tommy and Oscar", supplied the voice of Manny Escobar in "Fred's Head" and played the voice of Charley Bones (a.k.a. Zapman) in the children's animation, "Mona the Vampire". He also played a recurring character in the short-lived CW drama "The Beautiful Life". Context_3 : Dane Boedigheimer (born September 28, 1979), better known by his cybernym Daneboe, is an American filmmaker, singer, and actor. He is known for his web series "The Annoying Orange" and the TV series "The High Fructose Adventures of Annoying Orange", in which he provides the voice of the title character. Context_4 : Robert Joseph Kral (born 5 July 1967 in Medindie, South Australia) is an Australian film and television composer. He scored the TV series, "Angel" (the spin-off of "Buffy the Vampire Slayer"), for most of the entire series (1999–2004, Seasons 1 through 5). In February 2005, a soundtrack album, "", was released, with 18 out of 25 tracks composed by Kral. He also composed the scores for the TV series "Miracles" (2003) for ABC / Touchstone, "Jake 2.0" (2003–04), "Duck Dodgers" (2003–05) for Warner Bros. Animation, "The Inside" (2005) for Fox Television, and the Lionsgate / Sci Fi series, "The Lost Room" (2006). His animated film scores include "" (2007), "" (2009), "Scooby-Doo! Legend of the Phantosaur" (2011) and "Superman vs. The Elite" (2012). He scored the animated TV series, "Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated" (2010–13) and DVD feature film "Batman: Assault on Arkham" (2014). In 2005, Kral won an Annie Award for Best Music in an Animated Television Production, for his work on "Duck Dodgers". Context_5 : Lizzie McGuire is an American live-action scripted teen sitcom, whose characters were created by Terri Minsky, who also developed its core format. It featured an animated version of the title character performing soliloquies; these animated sequences were interspersed with the show's live-action sequences. It premiered on the Disney Channel on January 12, 2001, following the premiere of "," and was canceled by that channel effective on February 14, 2004, after a total of 65 episodes were produced and aired. Its target demographic was preteens and adolescents. Context_6 : The High Fructose Adventures of Annoying Orange is an American live-action/animated TV series based on the characters from the popular web series "The Annoying Orange", created by Dane Boedigheimer and Spencer Grove, which is made for the television by Boedigheimer himself with Tom Sheppard for Cartoon Network. It was produced by Daneboe's company Annoying Orange, Inc., alongside management company The Collective and the studios 14th Hour Productions. A preview aired on May 28, 2012, and the official premiere was on June 11, 2012. The show is rated TV-PG in the United States, rated PG in Canada, and rated G in Australia. Context_7 : Christopher Jones (born October 14, 1969) is an American comic book artist living in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He contributes artwork for DC Comics' Young Justice (2011-2013), based on the animated TV series of the same name & written by Greg Weisman, and Marvel's (2012–present), based on the animated TV series of the same name & written by Christopher Yost. Christopher Jones has previously contributed art to The Batman Strikes! (2004-2008), based on the animated TV series, The Batman, is the co-creator of Dr. Blink Superhero Shrink and has drawn various projects for DC, Marvel, Disney, and other publishers, ranging from kids' titles such as Superhero Squad to horror titles such as Re-Animator. Context_8 : Trevor Devall (born November 10, 1972) is a Canadian voice actor, actor and podcaster. He worked for Ocean Studios and various other studios in Vancouver, Canada for years, before he relocated to Los Angeles, California in 2013. He is best known for voicing Rocket Raccoon in the animated TV series "Guardians of the Galaxy", Emperor Palpatine in "Lego Star Wars", Pyro in "X-Men Evolution", Dukey in seasons 5 and 6 of "Johnny Test", and various characters in the Netflix original series "F Is for Family", as well as providing voices in English-language versions of various anime series, most notably as Mu La Flaga from "Mobile Suit Gundam SEED", Mukotsu from "InuYasha", from "", Mr. Chang from "Black Lagoon", and Aizawa from "Death Note". He also voiced Hermiod on "Stargate Atlantis" and Ravus Nox Fleuret in the "Final Fantasy XV" video game and "" feature film. On camera, he played Sir Atticus Moon in "Big Time Movie". Context_9 : Fat Albert is a 2004 American live-action/animated fantasy romantic comedy film based on the Filmation animated series of the same name created by Bill Cosby. The film was produced by Davis Entertainment for 20th Century Fox, and stars Kenan Thompson as the title character alongside Cosby himself in a key supporting role. Unlike films that meld the cartoon world with the real world while at the same time keeping the cartoon characters two-dimensional (e.g., "Who Framed Roger Rabbit", "Space Jam", ""), "Fat Albert" takes a twist and transforms the cartoon characters into three-dimensional humans, who have to come to grips with the differences that exist between their world and the real world. The film acts as a continuation of the series; its plot surrounds Fat Albert and the gang leaving their 1970s cartoon world and entering the 21st century real world in order to help a teenage girl, Doris Robertson (Kyla Pratt), deal with the challenges of being unpopular, and not having any friends aside from her foster sister, Lauri. Doris has withdrawn and fallen into depression after the death of her grandfather, Albert Robertson (who was a friend of Cosby and the real-life inspiration for the Fat Albert character). Fat Albert and the gang must show her that she is special and that she can make friends. But if Fat Albert and his friends stay in the real world, they will turn to celluloid dust, and it is up to Cosby to help them get them back into the cartoon world. Context_10 : Rino Romano (born December 1, 1969) is a Canadian voice actor who has voiced Batman in the animated TV series "The Batman", Spider-Man in the animated TV series "Spider-Man Unlimited", Eduardo Rivera in "Extreme Ghostbusters", Luis Sera in "Resident Evil 4", Scorp in the "Skylanders" franchise" and the original Tuxedo Mask in the 90's English dub of the anime series "Sailor Moon". fact_1 : Dane Boedigheimer (born September 28, 1979), better known by his cybernym Daneboe, is an American filmmaker, singer, and actor. fact_2 :  He is known for his web series "The Annoying Orange" and the TV series "The High Fructose Adventures of Annoying Orange", in which he provides the voice of the title character. fact_3 : The High Fructose Adventures of Annoying Orange is an American live-action/animated TV series based on the characters from the popular web series "The Annoying Orange", created by Dane Boedigheimer and Spencer Grove, which is made for the television by Boedigheimer himself with Tom Sheppard for Cartoon Network. fact_4 :  It was produced by Daneboe's company Annoying Orange, Inc., alongside management company The Collective and the studios 14th Hour Productions. Question: Who co-created the American live-action/animated TV series, co-produced by The Collective and the studios 14th Hour Productions, in which the American filmmaker, singer, and actor born in 1979 provides the voice of the title character?
answer:
Spencer Grove


question:
Context_1 : The Hobet 21 Coal Mine in West Virginia was operational between 1974 and 2015. Straddling the border of Boone County and Lincoln County in the Appalachian Mountains, the Hobet 21 mine was one of the largest mountaintop-removal coal mining operations in West Virginia. Originally owned by Fil Nutter, the mine used both underground mining and strip mining techniques, and later even more intensive surface mining using a dragline. Increasing productivity and profitability encouraged workers to successfully strike for their health plan in 1993, which resulted in unusually thorough coverage for mine workers at this time. The Hobet mine was incorporated into Arch Coal in 1997, along with several other mines, following booming coal demand. The mine was sold two more times: to Magnum Coal in 2005 and to Patriot Coal in 2008. Patriot Coal subsequently went bankrupt in 2015, ending mining operations at Hobet for good. The Hobet 21 Coal Mine site was once a mountainous highland region covering about 25 square miles. Mountaintop-removal coal mining causes adverse environmental and human health effects. Notably, streams and springs can become permanently filled in with rubble and toxic runoff that concentrates downstream, polluting human water supplies. Context_2 : The Beyond Coal movement is a campaign by environmental group the Sierra Club to promote renewable energy instead of coal. Their primary objective is to close coal power plants in the United States, including at least one-third of the country's more than 500 coal plants by 2020, and to replace them with renewable energy sources. The campaign is also active in other countries; for example they are trying to prevent the construction of the Kosovo C thermal power plant near Pristina, Kosovo; to this end they have collaborated with academic and Obama administration climate advisor Dan Kammen. Other objectives include keeping coal in the ground, specifically in Appalachia and the Powder River Basin, where the majority of American coal reserves are located, and preventing coal from being exported from America. Context_3 : Mining in Japan is minimal because Japan possesses very few mining resources. Japanese mining was a rapidly declining industry in the 1980s. Coal production shrank from a peak of 55 million tons in 1960 to slightly more than 16 million tons in 1985, while coal imports grew to nearly 91 million tons in 1987. Domestic coal mining companies faced cheap coal imports and high production costs, which caused them chronic deficits in the 1980s. In the late 1980s, Japan's approximately 1 million tons of coal reserves were mostly hard coal used for coking. Most of the coal Japan consumed is used to produce electric power. Context_4 : The Australian Coal Association (ACA) is the major Australian coal mining industry lobby group. It represents the black coal producers of New South Wales and Queensland and consists of a number of relatively small coal mining companies or subsidiaries of larger corporations in those two states. Australia is the world's largest coal exporter, and black coal is Australia's second largest commodity export, worth more than A$24 billion in the financial year ending June 2008, and $46 billion, or nearly double this amount, for the corresponding calendar year ending December. Black coal provides around 57 per cent of Australia's grid-connected electricity (brown coal around 24%) and is vital for major industries such as steel making and cement manufacture. Context_5 : Appalachia ( ) is a cultural region in the Eastern United States that stretches from the Southern Tier of New York to northern Alabama, Mississippi and Georgia. While the Appalachian Mountains stretch from Belle Isle (Newfoundland and Labrador) in Canada to Cheaha Mountain in Alabama, the cultural region of Appalachia typically refers only to the central and southern portions of the range. As of the 2010 United States Census, the region was home to approximately 25 million people. Context_6 : Coal mining in the United States is a major industry In 2016, US coal mining declined to 728.2 million short tons, down 37 percent from the peak production of 1,162,7 million tons in 2006. Coal mining employed 50,000 in 2016. In 2015, 896.9 million short tons of coal were mined in the United States, with an average price of $31.83 per short ton, worth $28.6 billion dollars. Context_7 : China National Coal Group Co., Ltd. known as China Coal Group is a Chinese coal mining conglomerate that was supervised by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) of the State Council. It was the second largest state-owned coal mining enterprise in the mainland China, and the third largest in the world, just after Shenhua Group in 2008, according to a website quoting Xinhua News Agency. It is engaged in coal production and sales, coal chemicals, coal mining equipment manufacturing, coal mine design and related engineering services. Context_8 : The history of coal mining goes back thousands of years. It became important in the Industrial Revolution of the 19th and 20th centuries, when it was primarily used to power steam engines, heat buildings and generate electricity. Coal mining continues as an important economic activity today. Compared to wood fuels, coal yields a higher amount of energy per mass and can often be obtained in areas where wood is not readily available. Though it was used historically as a domestic fuel, coal is now used mostly in industry, especially in smelting and alloy production as well as electricity generation. Large-scale coal mining developed during the Industrial Revolution, and coal provided the main source of primary energy for industry and transportation in industrial areas from the 18th century to the 1950s. Coal remains an important energy source because of its low cost and abundance compared to other fuels, particularly for electricity generation. Coal is also mined today on a large scale by open pit methods wherever the coal strata strike the surface or are relatively shallow. Britain developed the main techniques of underground coal mining from the late 18th century onward, with further progress being driven by 19th century and early 20th century progress. However, oil and gas were increasingly used as alternatives from the 1860s onward. Context_9 : Do Ab (also spelt Do Abe and Do ab-E Mikh-E Zarrin) is a village in Bamiyan Province in central Afghanistan. It is located in a pass in a mountainous region North East of Barmiyan town on the Ghandak highway 10 km from the border with Baghlan Province. It has a bazaar, a coal weigh station built in 2007 and a police check point. Do Abe is the centre of a coal mining industry that employed manual methods to extract coal from shafts in sacks. Coal seams visible on the surface are followed deep underground. The shaft roof is unsupported so accidents are common. From 2009/10 a contract was to be let to a Chinese coal mining group to extract the coal using mechanized equipment. Prior to the establishment of the weigh station coal smuggling across the border into Baghan province was rife. Context_10 : The Black Diamond Coal Mining Railroad was 5.9 mi long and ran from Black Diamond Landing, California (now part of the city of Pittsburg, California) to Nortonville, California. It was owned and operated by the Black Diamond Coal Mining Company and therefore did not have its own official name. Over the years, it has been known by at least four different names. (A report prepared by the State in the 1880s referred to it as both the "Black Diamond Coal Mining Railroad Company" and the "Black Diamond Railroad." It has also been referred to as the "Black Diamond Coal Company Railroad" and the "Black Diamond Coal and Railroad Company.") fact_1 :  Other objectives include keeping coal in the ground, specifically in Appalachia and the Powder River Basin, where the majority of American coal reserves are located, and preventing coal from being exported from America. fact_2 :  As of the 2010 United States Census, the region was home to approximately 25 million people. Question: Beyond Coal is focused on preventing coal mining in which region which is home to approximately 25 million Americans?
answer:

Appalachia