In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

[Q]: Context: Classical conditioning of the eyeblink reflex is a simple form of motor learning which depends on the integrity of the cerebellum. Acquisition of conditioned eyeblink responses is markedly reduced in patients with cerebellar disorders. Noninvasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been reported to modify the excitability of the cerebellar cortex.', 'The aim of the study was to assess whether acquisition of conditioned eyeblink responses (CR) is altered by cerebellar tDCS.', 'A standard delay conditioning paradigm with a 540 ms tone as conditioned stimulus (CS) coterminating with a 100 ms air puff as unconditioned stimulus (US) was used in a total of 30 healthy subjects (18 female, 12 male, mean age 23.4 ± 1.9 years). One hundred paired CS-US trials and 30 extinction CS alone trials were given. tDCS (2 mA intensity, ramp like onset) was applied over the right cerebellar hemisphere ipsilaterally to the US during the acquisition phase. Subjects were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 10) using anodal, cathodal or sham stimulation. The investigator as well as the participants was blinded to the stimulation modality.', 'CR acquisition was significantly enhanced by anodal tDCS (mean total CR incidence 73.4 ± 25.2%) and significantly reduced by cathodal stimulation (12.6 ± 17.2%) compared to sham stimulation (43.8 ± 24.1%). During anodal tDCS CR onset occurred significantly earlier, that is mean onset of responses was shifted closer to CS onset.\Question: Is acquisition of conditioned eyeblink responses modulated by cerebellar tDCS?
[A]: Acquisition and timing of conditioned eyeblink responses is modified by cerebellar tDCS in a polarity dependent manner.


[Q]: Context: Alternative splicing is important for increasing the complexity of the human proteome from a limited genome. Previous studies have shown that for some autoantigens, there is differential immunogenicity among alternatively spliced isoforms.', 'Herein, we tested the hypothesis that alternative splicing is a common feature for transcripts of autologous proteins that are autoantigens. The corollary hypothesis tested was that nonautoantigen transcripts have a lower frequency of alternative splicing.', 'The extent of alternative splicing within 45 randomly selected self-proteins associated with autoimmune diseases was compared with 9554 randomly selected proteins in the human genome by using bioinformatics analyses. Isoform-specific regions that resulted from alternative splicing were studied for their potential to be epitopes for antibodies or T-cell receptors.', 'Alternative splicing occurred in 100% of the autoantigen transcripts. This was significantly higher than the approximately 42% rate of alternative splicing observed in the 9554 randomly selected human gene transcripts ( P < .001). Within the isoform-specific regions of the autoantigens, 92% and 88% encoded MHC class I and class II-restricted T-cell antigen epitopes, respectively, and 70% encoded antibody binding domains. Furthermore, 80% of the autoantigen transcripts underwent noncanonical alternative splicing, which is also significantly higher than the less than 1% rate in randomly selected gene transcripts ( P < .001).\Question: Does increased noncanonical splicing of autoantigen transcripts provide the structural basis for expression of untolerized epitopes?
[A]: These studies suggest that noncanonical alternative splicing may be an important mechanism for the generation of untolerized epitopes that may lead to autoimmunity. Furthermore, the product of a transcript that does not undergo alternative splicing is unlikely to be a target antigen in autoimmunity.


[Q]: Context: Although matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity increases, endothelial function decreases after myocardial infarction (MI). The antibiotic doxycycline inhibits MMP activity in vitro. The role of doxycycline-mediated MMP inhibition in endothelial function is unclear.', 'Doxycycline ameliorates endothelial dysfunction, in part, by inhibiting MMP activity.', 'We subjected Sprague-Dawley male rats to MI by ligating the left anterior descending arteries. We subjected another group of rats to sham surgery. We administered doxycycline in drinking water (0.67 mg/ml) to both groups 2 days before surgery: the sham group underwent sham surgery and received doxycycline therapy, and the MI group underwent MI and received doxycycline therapy (n = 6 in each group). After 4 weeks, we anesthetized rats and prepared left ventricular rings from infarcted-ischemic (I), non-infarcted near-infarcted (NI), and sham surgery hearts with and without doxycycline treatment.', 'The MMP-2 activity increased significantly in I and NI hearts, and we observed a selective increase in MMP-9 activity only in I hearts, when compared with other groups (p < 0.05), measured by zymography. Cardiac inhibitor of metalloproteinase decreased only in I hearts (p < 0.05 vs other groups), measured by Western analysis, and doxycycline treatment reversed this decrease. Contractile response of rings to acetylcholine was attenuated in the I group, suggesting nitric oxide-mediated dysfunction, and was reversed by doxycycline. The response to nitroprusside was attenuated in I hearts and ameliorated by doxycycline, suggesting cardiomyocyte dysfunction. Bradykinin induced relaxation in rings from sham surgery hearts and from NI hearts, but induced paradoxic contraction in rings from I hearts. Treatment with doxycycline reversed the paradoxic contraction.\Question: Does doxycycline ameliorate ischemic and border-zone remodeling and endothelial dysfunction after myocardial infarction in rats?
[A]:
Results suggest a protective action of doxycycline in the ischemic heart, possibly because of additional pharmacologic actions such as metalloproteinase inhibition.