instruction:
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
question:
Context_1 : The Geographical Journal is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal of the Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers). It publishes papers covering research on all aspects of geography. It also publishes shorter Commentary papers and Review Essays. Since 2001, "The Geographical Journal" has been published in collaboration with Wiley-Blackwell. The journal was established in 1831 as the "Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London". Prior to 2000, "The Geographical Journal" published society news alongside articles and it continues to publish the proceedings of the society's annual general meeting and presidential address in the September issue. Context_2 : Amyloid: the Journal of Protein Folding Disorders is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original research and review articles on all aspects of the protein groups and associated disorders that are classified as amyloidoses as well as other disorders associated with abnormal protein folding. The Journal has a major focus on etiology, pathogenesis, histopathology, chemical structure and the nature of fibrillogenesis and also publishes papers on the genetic aspects (both basic and clinical) of many of these disorders. It is the official journal of the International Society of Amyloidosis. The Journal was established in 1994 as "AMYLOID: The International Journal of Experimental & Clinical Investigation" until the change of name in 2004. Impact factor in 2012 was 4.436. Dr. Alan Cohen was the Founding Editor and from 1994 until 2010 the first Editor-in-Chief of Amyloid: The Journal of Protein Folding Disorders. The present editor in chief is Per Westermark (Uppsala University, Sweden). Context_3 : Life Sciences in Space Research is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering astrobiology, origins of life, life in extreme environments, habitability, effects of spaceflight on the human body, radiation risks, and other aspects of life sciences relevant in space research. It was established in 2014 and is published by Elsevier. It is an official journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR), publishing papers in the areas that were previously covered by the Life Sciences section of "Advances in Space Research", another official journal of COSPAR. The Editor-in-chief is Tom Hei (Columbia University Medical Center). Context_4 : Cladistics is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing research in cladistics. It is published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Willi Hennig Society. "Cladistics" publishes papers relevant to evolution, systematics, and integrative biology. Papers of both a conceptual or philosophical nature, discussions of methodology, empirical studies on taxonomic groups from animals to bacteria, and applications of systematics in disciplines such as genomics and paleontology are accepted. Five types of paper appear in the journal: reviews, regular papers, forum papers, letters to the editor, and book reviews. According to the "Journal Citation Reports", the journal has a 2014impact factor of 6.217, ranking it 6th out of 46 journals in the category "Evolutionary Biology". Its editor-in-chief is Dennis Wm. Stevenson. Context_5 : Journal of Biological Rhythms is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes papers focused on chronobiology, or any aspect of biological rhythms with a special emphasis on seasonal and circadian rhythms. However, papers on various other rhythms are also published in the "Journal of Biological Rhythms". These publications can be primary reports of new discoveries, reviews, commentaries, or letters. As such, the authors of the publications have a diverse set of backgrounds and base their findings in areas like ecology, neurobiology and behavior, psychology and psychiatry, endocrinology, developmental biology, pharmacology, cell biology, biochemistry, genetics, molecular biology, and mathematical modeling. The "Journal of Biological Rhythms" has been in publication since 1986 and is currently published by SAGE Publications. The "Journal of Biological Rhythms" is the official publication of the Society for Research on Biological Rhythms. The journal's Chief Editor is William J Schwartz. Context_6 : EMBO Reports is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research related to biology at a molecular level. It publishes primary research papers, reviews, and essays and opinion. It also features commentaries on the social impact of advances in the life sciences and the converse influence of society on science. A sister journal to "The EMBO Journal", "EMBO Reports" was established in 2000 and was published on behalf of the European Molecular Biology Organization by Nature Publishing Group since 2003. It is now published by "EMBO Press", which also publishes "The EMBO Journal" and "Molecular Systems Biology". Context_7 : The Association for Politics and the Life Sciences (APLS) was formed in 1981 and exists to study the field of biopolitics as a subfield of political science. APLS owns and publishes an academic peer-reviewed journal, called "Politics and the Life Sciences" (PLS), semi-annually in March and September. The journal is edited at Indiana University at Bloomington. Context_8 : Ali Khademhosseini (born October 30, 1975, Tehran, Iran) is the Director of the Biomaterials Innovation Research Center (BIRC), Professor at Harvard Medical School (HMS), is a faculty member at the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology (HST), Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH),  and is an associate faculty at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering. Dr. Khademhosseini is also an Associate Editor for ACS Nano. Previously, he served as the Research Highlights editor for Lab on a Chip.  He is on the editorial boards of numerous journals including Small, RSC Advances, Advanced Healthcare Materials, Biomaterials Science, Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Biomacromolecules, Reviews on Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Materials, Journal of Biomaterials Science-Polymer Edition and Biofabrication. He is a standing member of the NIH BTSS (Bioengineering, Technology and Surgical Sciences) study section. He has edited multiple books / journal special issues and is an author on >500 peer-reviewed journal articles, editorials and review papers, >60 book chapters/edited books and >20 patent/disclosure applications. His work has been published in leading journals and is routinely highlighted in international media.  He has been cited >32,000 times and has an H-index of 95. Also, he has given over >250 invited seminars and keynote lectures. In 2014, 2015, and 2016 he was also selected by Thomson Reuters as one of the World’s Most Influential Minds. Context_9 : Advances in Space Research (ASR) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that is published 27 times per year by Elsevier. It was established in 1981 and is the official journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR). The editor-in-chief is Pascal Willis. Context_10 : The Journal of Mammalogy is the flagship publication of the American Society of Mammalogists. Both the society and the journal were founded in 1919. The peer-reviewed journal publishes papers about mammals throughout the world and their conservation. Papers may be on all aspects of the biology of mammals, including ecology, genetics, conservation, behavior, systematics, morphology and physiology. fact_1 :  It is an official journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR), publishing papers in the areas that were previously covered by the Life Sciences section of "Advances in Space Research", another official journal of COSPAR. fact_2 : Advances in Space Research (ASR) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that is published 27 times per year by Elsevier. Question: Life Sciences in Space Research publishes papers that were previously covered in what Elsevier-published peer-reviewed journal?
answer:
Advances in Space Research


question:
Context_1 : The West Gate Tunnel, originally known as the Western Distributor, is a proposed 5 kilometre toll road in Melbourne, Australia, to link the West Gate Freeway at Yarraville with CityLink at Docklands via a tunnel beneath Yarraville. The $5.5 billion project was proposed by infrastructure company Transurban in 2014 as a means of alleviating congestion on the M1 corridor, providing a new river crossing as an alternative to the West Gate Bridge and moving trucks away from homes in the city's inner west. The freeway-standard link would include a 1.5 km-long, six-lane tunnel and a new bridge over the Maribyrnong River. The Victorian government announced in December 2015 it would proceed with the project. Major construction of the tunnel and elevated tollway is scheduled to begin in early 2018 and be completed in 2022. Context_2 : The Vigra Fixed Link (Norwegian: "Vigrasambandet" ), also known as the Ålesund Tunnels ("Ålesundtunnelene" ), is a fixed link connecting the archipelago and municipality of Giske and the island of Ellingsøya to the mainland and the island city of Ålesund. It consists of the 3520 m long Ellingsøy Tunnel between Ålesund and Ellingsøya, the 4222 m long Valderøy Tunnel connecting the islands of Ellingsøya and Valderøya, the 3844 m long Godøy Tunnel between the islands of Valderøya and Godøy, and the Giske Bridge from Valderøya to Giske island. Valderøya was already connected by bridge to the island of Vigra, which meant that the fixed link also connected the city of Ålesund to Ålesund Airport, Vigra. The fixed link opened between 1987 and 1989, and was financed as a toll road. The link is part of Norwegian National Road 658 and Norwegian County Road 658. Context_3 : Long Island Sound is a tidal estuary of the Atlantic Ocean, lying between the eastern shores of Bronx County, New York City, southern Westchester County, and Connecticut to the north, and the North Shore of Long Island, to the south. From east to west, the sound stretches 110 miles (177 km) from the East River in New York City, along the North Shore of Long Island, to Block Island Sound. A mix of freshwater from tributaries and saltwater from the ocean, Long Island Sound is 21 miles (34 km) at its widest point and varies in depth from 65 to . Context_4 : The Langfjord Tunnel is a proposed subsea road tunnel which would cross Langfjorden between Molde and Rauma in Norway. It may also be built with a branch to the island of Sekken. As part of County Road 64, the tunnel would replace the Åfarnes–Sølsnes Ferry, and allow Romsdal ferry-free access to Eastern Norway, as well as connect Molde and Rauma. If the branch is built, it would replace the Molde–Sekken Ferry, giving the island a fixed link. The main tunnel would be between 10 and long, which the branch would be slightly shorter than 5 km long. The tunnel would reach 330 m below mean sea level, making it the deepest subsea tunnel in the world. It would also be the longest subsea tunnel in Norway. Context_5 : Interstate 287 (I-287) is an auxiliary Interstate Highway in the US states of New Jersey and New York. It is a partial beltway around New York City, serving the northern half of New Jersey and the counties of Rockland and Westchester in New York. I-287, which is signed north–south in New Jersey and east–west in New York, follows a roughly horseshoe-shaped route from the New Jersey Turnpike (I-95) in Edison Township, New Jersey, clockwise to the New England Thruway (I-95) in Rye, New York, for 98.72 mi . Through New Jersey, I-287 runs west from its southern terminus in Edison through suburban areas. In Bridgewater Township, the freeway takes a more northeasterly course, paralleled by U.S. Route 202 (US 202). The northernmost part of I-287 in New Jersey passes through mountainous surroundings. After crossing into New York at Suffern, I-287 turns east on the New York State Thruway (I-87) and runs though Rockland County. After crossing the Hudson River on the Tappan Zee Bridge, I-287 splits from I-87 near Tarrytown and continues east through Westchester County on the Cross-Westchester Expressway until it reaches the New England Thruway. Context_6 : The Throgs Neck Bridge is a suspension bridge opened on January 11, 1961, which carries Interstate 295 over the East River where it meets the Long Island Sound. The bridge connects the Throggs Neck section of the Bronx with the Bay Terrace section of Queens. It is the newest bridge across the East River and was built to relieve traffic on the Bronx-Whitestone Bridge 2 miles to the west, which opened in 1939. The Throgs Neck Bridge is the easternmost crossing off of Long Island. Due to this and its proximity to both the Cross Bronx Expressway and the New England Thruway, it is the closest route from Long Island to New Jersey via the George Washington Bridge; upstate New York; Connecticut; and other points north and east. Context_7 : The 2006 Westchester County tornado was the strongest and largest tornado in the history of Westchester County, New York. It touched down there on July 12, 2006 and traveled 13 mi into southwestern Connecticut during a 33-minute span through two states. The tornado touched down at 3:30 p.m. EDT (19:30 UTC) on the shore of the Hudson River before becoming a waterspout and traveling 3 mi across the river. Coming ashore, the tornado entered Westchester County and struck the town of Sleepy Hollow at F1 intensity. After passing through the town, it intensified into an F2 tornado and grew to almost a quarter of a mile (400 m) in diameter. The tornado continued through the county, damaging numerous structures, until it crossed into Connecticut at 4:01 p.m. EDT (20:01 UTC). Not long after entering the state, it dissipated in the town of Greenwich at 4:03 p.m. EDT (20:03 UTC). When the tornado entered Westchester County, it was the eighth known tornado to either touch down or enter the county since 1950. Context_8 : The Long Island Sound link is a proposed bridge or tunnel that would link Long Island, New York, to Westchester County or Connecticut, across the Long Island Sound east of the Throgs Neck Bridge. The most recent proposal involves a tunnel between Rye, New York, on the mainland and Oyster Bay on the island. Feasibility studies for both bridges and tunnels have been conducted for numerous entry points, as listed in the chart below. Context_9 : The Bjarkøy Fixed Link (Norwegian: "Bjarkøyforbindelsen" ) is a proposed fixed link which will connect the three islands of Bjarkøya, Sandsøya, and Grytøya in the municipality of Harstad in Troms county, Norway. Grytøya and Bjarkøya will be connected by a subsea road tunnel and a bridge will connect Grytøya and Sandsøya. The tunnel to Bjarkøya will be 3.25 km long. The bridge to Grytøya would be 300 m long plus a 900 m long causeway. The project also includes 3 km of road on Grytøya to connect the existing roads to the new undersea tunnel. The Bjarkøy Tunnel will be part of Norwegian County Road 867, while the Sandsøya Bridge will be part of Norwegian County Road 124. Context_10 : Janet Marie DiFiore (born August 9, 1955) is an American judge who since 2016 has been the Chief Judge of the State of New York. A New York native, DiFiore graduated from Long Island University and St. John's University School of Law. As a practicing attorney, DiFiore worked in a law firm and in the Westchester District Attorney's Office. DiFiore then was elected a judge of the Westchester County Court, and was subsequently named a justice on the New York Supreme Court (the state trial court in New York), serving in that post from 2003 to 2005. DiFiore left the bench to become district attorney of Westchester County, New York in 2006; she stayed in that position nearly a decade, until Governor Andrew Cuomo appointed her to the New York Court of Appeals. fact_1 : The Throgs Neck Bridge is a suspension bridge opened on January 11, 1961, which carries Interstate 295 over the East River where it meets the Long Island Sound. fact_2 : The Long Island Sound link is a proposed bridge or tunnel that would link Long Island, New York, to Westchester County or Connecticut, across the Long Island Sound east of the Throgs Neck Bridge. Question: Which bride is the  the eastern most crossing off of a proposed bridge or tunnel that would link Long Island, New York, to Westchester County or Connecticut?
answer:
The Throgs Neck Bridge


question:
Context_1 : Ethan Gregory Peck (born March 2, 1986) is an American actor. He is best known for his work in the ABC Family series "10 Things I Hate About You", where he portrayed Patrick Verona, a role originated by Heath Ledger in the film of the same name. Peck is the grandson of actor Gregory Peck, and his first wife, Finnish-born Greta Kukkonen. Context_2 : The Portrait is a 1993 American made-for-television drama film adapted from the play "Painting Churches", directed by Arthur Penn, and starring Gregory Peck and Lauren Bacall. Cecilia Peck, who plays the daughter in the film, is the real-life daughter of actor Gregory Peck and his second wife Veronique Peck. The film was broadcast on TNT on February 13, 1993. Context_3 : The Big Country is a 1958 American epic Western film directed by William Wyler and starring Gregory Peck, Jean Simmons, Carroll Baker, Charlton Heston and Burl Ives. The supporting cast features Charles Bickford and Chuck Connors. The picture was based on the serialized magazine novel "Ambush at Blanco Canyon" by Donald Hamilton. and was co-produced by Wyler and Peck. The opening title sequence was created by Saul Bass. The film is one of very few pictures in which Heston plays a major supporting role instead of the lead. Context_4 : The Gunfighter is a 1950 American Western film starring Gregory Peck, Helen Westcott, Millard Mitchell and Karl Malden (resuming his film career after a three year hiatus). This film was directed by Henry King. It was written by screenwriters William Bowers and William Sellers, with an uncredited rewrite by writer and producer Nunnally Johnson, from a story by Bowers and screenwriter and director Andre DeToth. The film was the second of King's six collaborations with Peck. Context_5 : Eldred Gregory Peck (April 5, 1916 – June 12, 2003) was an American actor who was one of the most popular film stars from the 1940s to the 1960s. Peck continued to play major film roles until the late 1980s. His performance as Atticus Finch in the 1962 film "To Kill a Mockingbird" earned him the Academy Award for Best Actor. He had also been nominated for an Oscar for the same category for "The Keys of the Kingdom" (1944), "The Yearling" (1946), "Gentleman's Agreement" (1947) and "Twelve O'Clock High" (1949). Other notable films he appeared in include "Spellbound" (1945), "Roman Holiday" (1953), "Moby Dick" (1956, and its 1998 miniseries), "Pork Chop Hill" (1959), "The Guns of Navarone" (1961), "Cape Fear" (1962, and its 1991 remake), "How the West Was Won" (1962), "The Omen" (1976) and "The Boys from Brazil" (1978). Context_6 : A Conversation with Gregory Peck is a 1999 American documentary film directed by Barbara Kopple. Kopple followed the actor as he embarked on a live speaking tour throughout the United States reflecting on his life and career. The film also looks at Peck's home life with his family, as well as his public appearances where he meets such notable individuals as then President of the United States Bill Clinton, then French President Jacques Chirac, and filmmaker Martin Scorsese. "A Conversation with Gregory Peck" was part of the PBS documentary series "American Masters" and was screened out of competition at the 2000 Cannes Film Festival. It is featured on a 2005 2-disc collector's edition of "To Kill a Mockingbird". Context_7 : I Walk the Line is a 1970 film directed by John Frankenheimer and starring Gregory Peck and Tuesday Weld. The film is the story of Sheriff Henry Tawes (Peck) who develops a relationship with town girl Alma McCain (Weld). Context_8 : Dixie Chicks: Shut Up and Sing (also known simply as Shut Up and Sing) is a 2006 documentary film produced and directed by director Barbara Kopple and Cecilia Peck (daughter of actor Gregory Peck). Context_9 : Spellbound is a 1945 American film noir psychological mystery thriller film directed by Alfred Hitchcock. It tells the story of the new head of a mental asylum who turns out not to be what he claims. The film stars Ingrid Bergman, Gregory Peck, Michael Chekhov and Leo G. Carroll. It is an adaptation by Angus MacPhail and Ben Hecht of the novel "The House of Dr. Edwardes" (1927) by Hilary Saint George Saunders and John Palmer. Context_10 : Cape Fear is a 1991 American psychological thriller film directed by Martin Scorsese and a remake of the 1962 film of the same name. It stars Robert De Niro, Nick Nolte, Jessica Lange, and Juliette Lewis, and features cameos from Gregory Peck, Robert Mitchum, and Martin Balsam, who all appeared in the original film. It was Peck's final theatrical film. The film tells the story of a convicted rapist who, using mostly his newfound knowledge of the law and its numerous loopholes, seeks vengeance against a former public defender whom he blames for his 14-year imprisonment due to purposefully faulty defense tactics used during his trial. fact_1 :  Other notable films he appeared in include "Spellbound" (1945), "Roman Holiday" (1953), "Moby Dick" (1956, and its 1998 miniseries), "Pork Chop Hill" (1959), "The Guns of Navarone" (1961), "Cape Fear" (1962, and its 1991 remake), "How the West Was Won" (1962), "The Omen" (1976) and "The Boys from Brazil" (1978). fact_2 : Spellbound is a 1945 American film noir psychological mystery thriller film directed by Alfred Hitchcock. Question: Who directed the 1945 film Gregory Peck starred in?
answer:

Alfred Hitchcock