In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.

[Q]: Muscle wasting is one of the main features of cancer cachexia, a multifactorial syndrome frequently occurring in oncologic patients. The onset of cachexia is associated with reduced tolerance and response to antineoplastic treatments, eventually leading to clinical conditions that are not compatible with survival. Among the mechanisms underlying cachexia, protein and energy dysmetabolism play a major role. In this regard, several potential treatments have been proposed, mainly on the basis of promising results obtained in preclinical models. However, at present, no treatment yet reached validation to be used in the clinical practice, although several drugs are currently tested in clinical trials for their ability to improve muscle metabolism in cancer patients. Along this line, the results obtained in both experimental and clinical studies clearly show that cachexia can be effectively approached by a multidirectional strategy targeting nutrition, inflammation, catabolism, and inactivity at the same time. In the present study, approaches aimed to modulate muscle metabolism in cachexia will be reviewed.
[A]: Modulating Metabolism to Improve Cancer-Induced Muscle Wasting


[Q]: Structured RNA elements may control virus replication, transcription and translation, and their distinct features are being exploited by novel antiviral strategies. Viral RNA elements continue to be discovered using combinations of experimental and computational analyses. However, the wealth of sequence data, notably from deep viral RNA sequencing, viromes, and metagenomes, necessitates computational approaches being used as an essential discovery tool. In this review, we describe practical approaches being used to discover functional RNA elements in viral genomes. In addition to success stories in new and emerging viruses, these approaches have revealed some surprising new features of well-studied viruses e.g., human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, influenza, and dengue viruses. Some notable discoveries were facilitated by new comparative analyses of diverse viral genome alignments. Importantly, comparative approaches for finding RNA elements embedded in coding and non-coding regions differ. With the exponential growth of computer power we have progressed from stem-loop prediction on single sequences to cutting edge 3D prediction, and from command line to user friendly web interfaces. Despite these advances, many powerful, user friendly prediction tools and resources are underutilized by the virology community.
[A]: Know Your Enemy: Successful Bioinformatic Approaches to Predict Functional RNA Structures in Viral RNAs


[Q]: Chick embryo tracheal organ cultures showed increased resistance to infection by a coronavirus after exposure to ascorbate, while chick respiratory epithelium and allantois-on-shell preparations showed no increase in resistance to infection b y an influenza virus or a paramyxovirus. Recently it was established that the mucoid surface-film of lung alveolae contains a very high concentration of ascorbie acid. While there are difficulties in determining the ascorbic acid content of the surface film, it was estimated to be between 1.0 and 3.5 mg/ml (16). Because it was thought that these concentrations may behave as a defensive barrier, systems using monolayer cultures of chickembryo respiratory epithelium, allantois-on-shell and chick-embryo eiliated tracheal organ (CETO) cultures were used to study the effect of ascorbic acid on virus infection. The viruses used were members of the Families Orthomyxoviridae (influenza A), Paramyxoviridae (Newcastle disease virus, NDV), and Coronaviridae (avian infectious bronchitis virus, IBV). Respiratory epithelium cultures were prepared either in "Falcon" tissue culture flasks (30 ml) or in "Linbro" 96 cup polystyrene tissue culture microplates IS-FB-96-TC. Allantois-on-sbell preparations were made by the method described by FAZE~:AS and %V]c[ITE (6). CETO cultures were prepared by the method of CttER~¥ and TAYLOR-ROBI~SO~ (4) with minor modifications. The trachea were dissected out from 20 day-old chickembryos and cut transversely into rings 1 mm thick. After washing, the rings were placed individually into tubes containing 3 ml of Eagle's basal medium (BME) plus glutamine and antibiotics, buffered to pH 7.4. Full cilial activity could be observed 13 Arch. Virol. 56/3
[A]:
Archives of Virology The Effeet of Aseorbie Aeid on Inieetion of Chiek~Embryo Ciliated Traeheal Organ Cultures by Coronavirus