In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Context: With male gender as a strong predictor of cardiovascular instability, we hypothesized that gender-specific differences in circulating carbon monoxide levels contributed to dysregulated microvascular function in preterm male infants.', 'Infants born at 24 to 34 weeks of gestation (N = 84) were studied in a regional tertiary neonatal unit. Carboxyhemoglobin levels were measured through spectrophotometry in umbilical arterial blood and at 24, 72, and 120 hours after birth. Microvascular blood flow was determined through laser Doppler flowmetry.', 'Carboxyhemoglobin levels demonstrated a strong inverse relationship with gestational age (r = -0.636; P < .001) and were higher in boys (P = .032). Repeated-measures analysis of variance showed a significant decrease in arterial carboxyhemoglobin levels over time (P < .001), with significant between-subjects effects for gestational age (P = .011) and gender (P = .025). Positive correlations with microvascular blood flow at 24 hours of age (r = 0.495; P < .001) and 120 hours of age (r = 0.548; P < .001) were observed. With controlling for gestational age, carboxyhemoglobin levels at 72 hours were greater for infants who died in the first week of life (P = .035).\Question: Is carbon monoxide a significant mediator of cardiovascular status following preterm birth?
The gestational age- and gender-specific differences in carboxyhemoglobin levels and the relationship with dysregulated microvascular blood flow, a state related to greater illness severity and hypotension, are novel findings not confined solely to sick preterm infants. Both inducible heme oxygenase-dependent and non-heme oxygenase-dependent pathways may initially play a central role in carbon monoxide production, inducing pathophysiologic processes in a gender-specific manner.

Context: This study examines the prevalence and correlates of self-reported premenstrual symptoms among a large, population-based sample of reproductive age, active-duty women.', 'Data were obtained from a combined dataset of two large-scale mail surveys designed to represent the total force. Subjects included in the present study were 6026 active-duty women of all branches of military service stratified by service, paygrade group, race/ethnicity, and location. A multivariate approach is used to evaluate the interrelationships among psychosocial and lifestyle correlates of premenstrual symptoms or pain after controlling for demographic differences in women who reported premenstrual symptoms or pain during the past 3 months (cases) and those who did not (controls).', 'Premenstrual symptoms were reported by nearly 2 of every 3 reproductive age women. Women reporting premenstrual symptoms were more likely to report other symptoms of menstrual dysfunction, two or more current medical conditions, migraines, and healthcare provider visits in the past year. After controlling for the protective effects of taking Depo-Provera (Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI) and ever being pregnant, younger age, trying to lose weight, heavier drinking, poorer self-perceived health, and overall job stress were the most significant predictors of premenstrual symptoms. The greatest risk factor was a high level of job stress, with an almost 3-fold increase in risk relative to those without symptoms.\Question: Does psychosocial and lifestyle correlate of premenstrual symptoms among military women?
Work stress may mediate the relationship among depression and premenstrual symptoms. Further research is needed to elucidate the biological interrelationships among work stress, hormonal function, and premenstrual symptomatology.

Context: Accumulating evidence from observational studies indicates that a high calcium intake may reduce body weight and body fat. However, few randomized trials have been conducted.', 'We examined whether calcium supplementation affects body weight and body fat in young girls and whether a relation exists between habitual calcium intake and body weight and body fat.', 'A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention study was conducted in 110 young girls. The subjects were randomly assigned to receive 500 mg Ca/d as calcium carbonate or placebo for 1 y. Two groups of girls were selected according to habitual calcium intake from a large group; one group consumed 1000-1304 mg/d (40th-60th percentile; n = 60) and the other group consumed <713 mg/d (<20th percentile; n = 50). Height, body weight, body fat, and calcium intake were measured at baseline and after 1 y.', 'At baseline a significant negative correlation was observed between habitual dietary calcium intake and percentage of body fat (r = -0.242, P = 0.011). However, calcium supplementation had no effect on height, body weight, or percentage body fat.\Question: Does calcium supplementation for 1 y reduce body weight or fat mass in young girls?

Habitual dietary calcium intake was inversely associated with body fat, but a low-dose calcium supplement had no effect on body weight, height, or body fat over 1 y in young girls. It is possible that the effect of calcium on body weight is only exerted if it is ingested as part of a meal, or the effect may be due to other ingredients in dairy products, and calcium may simply be a marker for a high dairy intake.