In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.
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Question: Context: Patients affected by chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have an increased risk of developing a second cancer. There is not a definitive explanation for this phenomenon, although some hypotheses have been postulated. The aim of the present work was to assess the presence of second cancer in untreated patients with CLL who were cytogenetically characterized, and secondly to investigate if there is a correlation between the genetics of CLL and the emergence of second cancer.', 'We performed conventional cytogenetics and Fluorescent in situ hybridization analyses in a series of 106 patients.', 'We observed that nearly 8% of cases developed second cancer, mostly epithelial tumors. The majority of them presented two common features, del(13)(q14.3) and the presence of at least two genetic alterations.\Question: Does genetics of lymphocytes influence the emergence of second cancer in chronic lymphocytic leukemia?

Answer: We suggest that the genetic background of CLL, particularly the presence of several genetic alterations, influences the emergence of second cancer in patients affected by CLL.


Question: Context: Sleep disorders are associated with cardiovascular complications and preterm delivery (PTD). Insufficient sleep results in metabolic alterations and increased inflammation, both known to contribute to placental abruption (abruption), a determinant of PTD. We examined associations of abruption with sleep duration and complaints of vital exhaustion.', 'The study included 164 abruption cases and 160 controls in a multicenter study in Peru. Data on habitual sleep duration and vital exhaustion during the first 6 months of pregnancy were elicited during interviews conducted following delivery. Women were categorized according to short, normal and long sleep duration (≤6, 7-8 and ≥9\u2009h); and frequency of feeling exhausted. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.', 'Short and long sleep durations were associated with increased odds of abruption. The ORs of abruption in relation to short (≤6\u2009h) and long (≥9\u2009h) sleep duration were 2.0 (95% CI 1.1-3.7) and 2.1 (95% CI 1.1-4.1), compared with normal sleep duration (7-8\u2009h). Complaints of vital exhaustion were also associated with abruption (OR\u2009=\u20092.37; 95% CI 1.46-3.85), and were independent of sleep duration.\Question: Is maternal sleep duration and complaints of vital exhaustion during pregnancy associated with placental abruption?

Answer: We extend the existing literature and support the thesis that maternal sleep habits and disorders should be assessed among pregnant women.


Question: Context: We determine the effect of pressure immobilization on mortality and intracompartmental pressure after artificial intramuscular Crotalus atrox envenomation in a porcine model.', 'We prospectively studied 20 pigs using a randomized, controlled design. After anesthesia, C atrox venom (20 mg/kg) was injected with a 22-gauge needle 10 mm deep into the tibialis anterior muscle of the hind leg. Pigs were randomized to receive either pressure immobilization (applied 1 minute after envenomation and maintained throughout the duration of the experiment) or no pressure immobilization. We measured time to death, intracompartmental pressure before venom injection and at 2 hours after injection, and leg circumference at a standardized location before injection and immediately postmortem. Duration of survival was compared using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.', 'The dose of venom resulted in 100% mortality. The median survival was longer in the pressure immobilization group (191 minutes, range 140 to 240 minutes) than in the control group (median 155 minutes, range 119 to 187 minutes). The difference between the groups was 36 minutes (95% confidence interval [CI] 2 to 64 minutes; P =.0122). The mean intracompartmental pressures were 67+/-13 mm Hg+/-SD with pressure immobilization and 24+/-5 mm Hg without pressure immobilization. The difference between groups was 43 mm Hg (95% CI 32 to 53 mm Hg). The mean circumferences were 14.3 cm in the pressure immobilization group and 19.1 cm in the control group. The difference between groups was -4.8 cm (95% CI -5.7 to -3.9 cm).\Question: Does pressure immobilization delays mortality and increase intracompartmental pressure after artificial intramuscular rattlesnake envenomation in a porcine model?

Answer:
Compared with control animals without treatment, the pressure immobilization group had longer survival, less swelling, and higher intracompartmental pressures after artificial, intramuscular C atrox envenomation in our porcine model.