TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a question and answer for that. The answer will fill in the blank or will complete the unfinished question. Your task is to provide an explanation based on the given question or fill-in-the-blank statement, and answer.
PROBLEM: Question: Sinking lower in the mesosphere, we encounter _____ temperatures. 
 Answer: higher

SOLUTION: In the mesosphere, temperature decreases as altitude increases.

PROBLEM: Question: A dark skinned man and a light skinned man are being tested to see who produces vitamin D faster. The light skinned person will have vitamin D in amounts that are 
 Answer: greater

SOLUTION: Pigments in the skin act like a filter that can prevent the skin from making vitamin D. As a result, people with darker skin need more time in the sun than people with lighter skin to make the same amount of vitamin D.

PROBLEM: Question: What happens to the rate at which waves move past a particular spot if Jim increases the wavelength of a sound wave? 
 Answer: decreases

SOLUTION:
This means that as wavelengths get shorter, more waves move past a particular spot in the same amount of time.