Given a document, find the main entity about whom the author is writing. Write the full name if mentioned in the text. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].

Input: Consider Input: Oscar Cortez   46  originally from El Salvador  is a plumber who has built an American life in the 17 years he has had temporary protected status. The U.S. government will terminate the program for an estimated 200 000 Salvadorans in this country  people with knowledge of the plan said Monday. (Bonnie Jo Mount/The Washington Post)
 Oscar Cortez  feels like  he  has an ordinary American life.  He  carries a Costco card.  He  roots for the Boston Red Sox. And five days a week   he  rises before dawn  pulls on four shirts and two pairs of pants  and ventures into the frigid air to work as a plumber  a good job that pays for his Maryland townhouse and his daughtersâ college fund.
The U.S. government opened the door to this life in 2001 when it granted  Cortez  and about 200 000 other migrants from El Salvador Temporary Protected Status (TPS)  a provisional reprieve from deportation that has allowed them to work legally in the United States for 17 years.
At 15th and L streets NW in Washington   Cortez  saw the news on  his  mobile phone while taking a break from laying copper pipe at the construction site of the new Fannie Mae headquarters.
Many Salvadorans say they will try to stay in the United States illegally â a fate they find more bearable than facing the rampant gang violence in their homeland.  Cortez  said  he  visited  his  parents in 2016 for the first time since  he  left and was shocked to see that the house had six locks on every door to ward off burglars. People  he  knew had left or died. Strangers stared at  him  on the street.
âI felt like a foreigner in my own land â  he  said. âEveryone is looking at  you  like youâre from outer space.â
Both men said they are hoarding their savings in case they lose their jobs along with their protected status.  Cortez  has put off replacing  his  old Mitsubishi Montero  with 150 000 miles and a sputtering engine.
Like many TPS recipients  they say they will try to obtain legal residency.  His  wife is a legal resident  and  Cortez  hopes she will someday be able to sponsor  him . Contreras said he is trying to get a green card through his wife  a U.S. citizen. But there are no guarantees.
 Cortez  nodded. âWeâll lose our jobs â he said. âWeâll lose it all.â

Output: Oscar Cortez


Input: Consider Input: Justice Department special counsel Robert Mueller broke his own record this week for guilty pleas. On Tuesday  Dutch attorney Alex van der Zwaan appeared in federal court and admitted he had lied to investigators about his contacts with  Donald Trump's former campaign vice chairman  Rick Gates .
On Friday   Gates himself  appeared before a federal judge and confirmed that  he  is changing  his  plea to guilty.  He  had been fighting the case brought against  him  and the former Trump campaign chairman  Paul Manafort  which alleged they laundered millions of dollars and broke other laws related to their work for clients in Ukraine.
 Gates  and Manafort have not been charged with conspiracy to defraud the U.S. by "impairing  obstructing and defeating the lawful functions of the government through fraud and deceit for the purpose of interfering with the U.S. political and electoral processes." That was the charge Mueller leveled at 13 Russians and three Russian companies he says did interfere with the election.
Or the special counsel's office could be laying down one brick in a larger structure. At the very least   Gates'  future testimony against  his  longtime business partner raises the likelihood that Manafort could be convicted of some or all of the charges  he  continues fighting.
Manafort and his lawyers know this. So one of Mueller's strategies in getting  Gates  to turn state's evidence might be to persuade Manafort to do the same and tell what he knows about other people in the Trump campaign orbit.
Or evidence from  Gates  might be what the special counsel's office needs to build a case against Manafort for conspiring in the 2016 Russian interference effort. Or  after years of working with Manafort   Gates  might have other evidence that would permit Mueller to bring new charges against Manafort.
Mueller announced a new indictment in Manafort's case on Friday evening. After  Gates  appeared in federal court Friday to enter his plea  Manafort continued to maintain his innocence and said he remained committed "to defend myself against the untrue piled up charges contained in the indictments against me."

Output: Gates


Input: Consider Input: This article originally appeared on VICE UK . I gave up smoking cannabis eight years ago . I ’ d been promoted — from telemarketing supervisor to the noble heights of telemarketing manager — and I couldn ’ t come to work high anymore . My abiding memory of the following week was a nightly stream of terrifying dreams . It was like I was dreaming in stereo   as my brain experienced the novelty of truly deep sleep for the first time in years . Within a week   once the night terrors and the cold sweats had stopped   my short - term memory started to improve . I was more sociable in and outside of work . I left the job within a few months and started doing something I loved . Everything about my life improved . But giving up weed isn ’ t so easy for everyone   and for some   it ’ s fraught with acute problems — physical   mental   and emotional . " Stopping my consumption of cannabis used to mean a lot of pain : vomiting   diarrhea   and not being able to sleep or eat  " says  Alex Fraser   26  .  Alex  has Crohn ’ s disease   which was diagnosed when  he  was 19 .  He  just had an ileostomy   in which a diseased part of  his  bowel was removed . This has drastically improved  his  quality of life   but he ’ s still hugely reliant on cannabis to keep  him  up and running . " Despite the surgery   I still have issues with eating   nausea   and sleep  "  he  says . " If I don ’ t have cannabis   I end up using meds like Zopiclone for sleep and Oxycodone for pain . But nothing particularly helps my nausea or appetite   except cannabis ." WATCH : The Safest Possible Way to Use Weed Alex   who generally vapes but occasionally smokes and eats marijuana   also relies on it to keep his mental health in check . " It ’ s extremely helpful with the mental health issues I ’ ve had since surgery . Anxiety attacks   self - esteem issues   and my energy levels are all improved or eliminated with cannabis  " he explains . Jon Liebling is a Director of the United Patient ’ s Alliance   which is currently lobbying hard for the legalization of medical weed in the UK . Liebling has a long history of profound mental health issues and has recently been diagnosed with complex PTSD . " I ' ve been managing my anxiety   depression   and suicidal thoughts most of my life   but have kept myself relatively happy with the use of cannabis  " says Liebling . " About two years ago   I had a number of traumatic events take place in a rather short period of time . I realized I needed a bit more help   so I asked my doctor to refer me to a therapist . When I informed him I used cannabis   he refused to refer me unless I stopped using . He prescribed me Prozac and Diazepam . I ’ ve always had suicidal thoughts   but what ’ s kept me alive is my dissatisfaction with them . Prozac made my thoughts happier   but also   made me happier with those suicidal tendencies . So I acted on them for the first time in 20 years ." Liebling went back to his doctor and found that a locum was working that day . She immediately removed him from his Prozac prescription and referred him to talking therapy . She also told him to return to managing his condition with cannabis   and he ’ s thankfully still here to tell the tale . Unfortunately   beyond anecdotal evidence   it ’ s quite hard to back up Alex and Liebling ’ s comments with science because currently   there just isn ’ t much out there . Plus   their personal health conditions — despite being undoubtedly severe — are not indicative of the population as a whole . A 2010 paper called " Assessment and management of cannabis use disorders in primary care " suggests that to differentiate between a psychiatric disorder and chronic cannabis intoxication   a patient should cease cannabis use for two to four weeks . In a small 20 - person impatient study of withdrawal   it found that " mean baseline depression symptom scores reduced to normal levels after four weeks of abstinence ." One of the study ’ s creators was Professor Adam Winstock   founder of the Global Drug Survey — a study of how the world consumes drugs — and a consultant psychiatrist and addiction medicine specialist . Between these two roles   he ’  s  analyzed the drug - taking habits of approximately 500   000 people   and 300   000 cannabis users .  He  ’ s extremely well - placed to advise on dealing with the more established effects of cannabis withdrawal . For most people   as it was with me during my promotion back in the mid - 2000s   that means : a ) insomnia and vivid dreams ; and b ) nicotine withdrawal . A huge part of the first problem comes from an unlikely source . " Lots of people who smoke lots of weed drink too much caffeine : Red Bull   tea   coffee   fizzy drinks . This is often to offset the sedating effects of weed . If you keep drinking 15 cups of tea when you ’ ve given up weed   this is going to worsen your insomnia   which will make you agitated  " says Winstock . If you ’ ve grown up smoking joints with tobacco in them   there ’ s a good chance you will also experience cravings from the nicotine withdrawal . For those looking to give up weed   Winstockadvocates giving up cannabis and nicotine at the same time — but adds that   crucially   you should gradually reduce your tobacco intake in the run - up to quitting . This will have an unexpected second benefit in the fight against withdrawal sleeplessness . It breaks it down  " he explains . " So when you stop smoking tobacco   your caffeine levels go through the roof . You ' re left with this double whammy : of not only taking a stimulant drug [ caffeine ] that you likely drink too much of anyway   but you ' re taking a stimulant drug whose levels are going to go through the roof because tobacco is no longer breaking it down ." Winstock also says that the intensity of your withdrawal will likely be affected by the type of weed you smoke . " If you smoke a high THC cannabis   then I think the insomnia would be worse — your weird dreams would be worse   your craving would be worse   and your low mood would be worse ." Withdrawal symptoms with weed peak around day two or three and are generally over after seven . Sleeplessness and vivid dreams may last for two weeks   but Winstock ’ s absolute gold standard advice for giving up weed is to " get into good sleep hygiene ." Admittedly easier said than done   but there are some common sense habits that will help . " Exercise is probably the best thing you can do  " he says . " Obviously   you shouldn ' t over - exert yourself   but if you ’ re exhausted when you go to bed   you ’ re much more likely to sleep well . Turn off screens a couple of hours before bed   and avoid caffeine . And don ’ t give up and call your dealer if you don ' t sleep well ! It will get easier soon ." Follow David Hillier on Twitter . To take part in this year ' s Global Drug Survey   an anonymous study on how the world uses drugs   click here .


Output: Alex Fraser