In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
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Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``End-User Protection Act of 2014''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 1a of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 
1a) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (8) through (51) as 
        paragraphs (9) through (52), respectively;
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (7) the following:
            ``(8) Commercial market participant.--The term `commercial 
        market participant' means any producer, processor, merchant, or 
        commercial user of an exempt or agricultural commodity, or the 
        products or by-products of an exempt or agricultural 
        commodity.'';
            (3) in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (48) (as so 
        redesignated), by striking clause (ii) and inserting the 
        following:
                            ``(ii) any purchase or sale of a 
                        nonfinancial commodity or security for deferred 
                        shipment or delivery, so long as the 
                        transaction is intended to be physically 
                        settled, including any stand-alone or embedded 
                        option for which exercise would result in a 
                        physical delivery obligation;''; and
            (4) in paragraph (50) (as redesignated by paragraph (1)), 
        by striking subparagraph (D) and inserting the following:
                    ``(D) De minimis exception.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Commission shall 
                        exempt from designation as a swap dealer an 
                        entity that engages in a de minimis quantity of 
                        swap dealing (which shall not be less than 
                        $8,000,000,000) in connection with transactions 
                        with or on behalf of its customers.
                            ``(ii) Regulations.--The Commission shall 
                        promulgate regulations to establish the factors 
                        to be used in a determination under clause (i) 
                        to exempt, including any monetary or other 
                        levels established by the Commission, and those 
                        levels shall only be amended or changed through 
                        an affirmative action of the Commission 
                        undertaken by rule or regulation.''.
    (b) Financial Entity.--Section 2(h)(7)(C) of the Commodity Exchange 
Act (7 U.S.C. 2(h)(7)(C)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (iii)--
                    (A) by striking ``an entity whose'' and inserting 
                the following: ``an entity--
                                    ``(I) whose'';
                    (B) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
                a semicolon; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                                    ``(II) that is--
                                            ``(aa) a commercial market 
                                        participant;
                                            ``(bb) included in clause 
                                        (i)(VIII); and
                                            ``(cc) not supervised by a 
                                        prudential regulator; or
                                    ``(III) that is included in clause 
                                (i)(VIII) because--
                                            ``(aa) the entity regularly 
                                        enters into foreign exchange or 
                                        derivatives transactions on 
                                        behalf of, or to hedge or 
                                        mitigate, whether directly or 
                                        indirectly, the commercial risk 
                                        of 1 or more entities within 
                                        the same commercial enterprise 
                                        as the entity; or
                                            ``(bb) of the making of 
                                        loans to 1 or more entities 
                                        within the same commercial 
                                        enterprise as the entity.''; 
                                        and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iv) Same commercial enterprise.--For 
                        purposes of clause (iii)(III), an entity shall 
                        be considered to be within the same commercial 
                        enterprise as another entity if--
                                    ``(I) 1 of the entities owns, 
                                directly or indirectly, at least a 
                                majority ownership interest in the 
                                other entity and reports its financial 
                                statements on a consolidated basis and 
                                the consolidated financial statements 
                                include the financial results of both 
                                entities; or
                                    ``(II) a third party owns at least 
                                a majority ownership interest in both 
                                entities and reports its financial 
                                statements on a consolidated basis and 
                                the financial statements of the third 
                                party include the financial results of 
                                both entities.
                            ``(v) Predominantly engaged.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--Not later than 
                                90 days after the date of enactment of 
                                this clause, the Commission shall 
                                promulgate regulations defining the 
                                term `predominantly engaged' for 
                                purposes of clause (i)(VIII).
                                    ``(II) Minimum revenues.--The 
                                regulations shall provide that an 
                                entity shall not be considered to be 
                                predominantly engaged in activities 
                                that are in the business of banking or 
                                financial in nature if the consolidated 
                                revenues of the entity derived from the 
                                activities constitute less than a 
                                percentage (as specified by the 
                                Commission in the regulations) of the 
                                total consolidated revenues of the 
                                entity.
                                    ``(III) Revenues from banking or 
                                financial activities.--In determining 
                                the percentage of the revenues of an 
                                entity that are derived from activities 
                                that are in the business of banking or 
                                financial in nature, the regulations 
                                shall exclude all revenues that are or 
                                result from foreign exchange or 
                                derivatives transactions used to hedge 
                                or mitigate commercial risk (as defined 
                                by the Commission in the 
                                regulations).''.

SEC. 3. REPORTING OF ILLIQUID SWAPS SO AS TO NOT DISADVANTAGE CERTAIN 
              NON-FINANCIAL END USERS.

    Section 2(a)(13) of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 2(a)(13)) 
is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``The Commission'' and 
        inserting ``Except as provided in subparagraph (D), the 
        Commission'';
            (2) by redesignating subparagraphs (D) through (G) as 
        subparagraphs (E) through (H), respectively; and
            (3) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the following:
                    ``(D) Requirements for swap transactions in 
                illiquid markets.--
                            ``(i) Definition of illiquid markets.--In 
                        this subparagraph, the term `illiquid markets' 
                        means any market in which the volume and 
                        frequency of trading in swaps is at such a 
                        level as to allow identification of individual 
                        market participants.
                            ``(ii) Requirements.--Notwithstanding 
                        subparagraph (C), the Commission shall--
                                    ``(I) provide by rule for the 
                                public reporting of swap transactions, 
                                including price and volume data, in 
                                illiquid markets that are not cleared 
                                and entered into by a nonfinancial 
                                entity that is hedging or mitigating 
                                commercial risk in accordance with 
                                subsection (h)(7)(A); and
                                    ``(II) ensure that the swap 
                                transaction information described in 
                                subclause (I) is available to the 
                                public not sooner than 30 days after 
                                the swap transaction has been executed 
                                or at such later date as the Commission 
                                determines appropriate to protect the 
                                identity of participants and positions 
                                in illiquid markets and to prevent the 
                                elimination or reduction of market 
                                liquidity.''.

SEC. 4. TREATMENT OF AFFILIATES.

    Section 2(h)(7)(D)(i) of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 
2(h)(7)(D)(i)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``An affiliate'' and inserting ``A person 
        that is a financial entity and is an affiliate'';
            (2) by striking ``(including affiliate entities 
        predominantly engaged in providing financing for the purchase 
        of the merchandise or manufactured goods of the person)''; and
            (3) by striking ``and as an agent''.

SEC. 5. APPLICABILITY TO BONA FIDE HEDGE TRANSACTIONS OR POSITIONS.

    Section 4a(c) of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 6a(c)) is 
amended--
            (1) in the second sentence of paragraph (1), by striking 
        ``into the future for which'' and inserting ``in the future, to 
        be determined by the Commission, for which either an 
        appropriate swap is available or''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
                striking ``subsection (a)(2)'' and all that follows 
                through ``position that--'' and inserting ``paragraphs 
                (2) and (5) of subsection (a) for swaps, contracts of 
                sale for future delivery, or options on the contracts 
                or commodities, a bona fide hedging transaction or 
                position is a transaction or position that--''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking ``of 
                risks'' and inserting ``or management of current or 
                anticipated risks''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Commission definition.--The Commission may further 
        define, by rule or regulation, what constitutes a bona fide 
        hedging transaction or position so long as the rule or 
        regulation is consistent with the requirements of subparagraphs 
        (A) and (B) of paragraph (2).''.

SEC. 6. REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING.

    Section 4g(f) of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 6g(f)) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``(f) Nothing contained in this section'' 
        and inserting the following:
    ``(f) Authority of Commission To Make Separate Determinations 
Unimpaired.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), 
        nothing in this section''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Exception.--If the Commission imposes any requirement 
        under this section on any person that is not registered, or 
        required to be registered, with the Commission in any capacity, 
        that person shall satisfy the requirements of any rule, order, 
        or regulation under this section by maintaining a written 
        record of each cash or forward transaction related to a 
        reportable or hedging commodity interest transaction, futures 
        contract, option on a futures contract, or swap.
            ``(3) Sufficiency.--A written record described in paragraph 
        (2) shall be sufficient if the written record--
                    ``(A) memorializes the final agreement between the 
                parties, including the material economic terms of the 
                transaction; and
                    ``(B) is identifiable and searchable by 
                transaction.''.

SEC. 7. MARGIN REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Commodity Exchange Act Amendment.--Section 4s(e) of the 
Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 6s(e)) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:
            ``(4) Applicability with respect to counterparties.--The 
        requirements of paragraphs (2)(A)(ii) and (2)(B)(ii), including 
        the initial and variation margin requirements imposed by rules 
        adopted pursuant to paragraphs (2)(A)(ii) and (2)(B)(ii), shall 
        not apply to a swap in which a counterparty qualifies for an 
        exception under section 2(h)(7)(A) or 2(h)(7)(D), or an 
        exemption issued under section 4(c)(1) from the requirements of 
        section 2(h)(1)(A) for cooperative entities as defined in that 
        exemption.''.
    (b) Securities Exchange Act Amendment.--Section 15F(e) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78o-10(e)) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Applicability with respect to counterparties.--The 
        requirements of paragraphs (2)(A)(ii) and (2)(B)(ii) shall not 
        apply to a security-based swap in which a counterparty 
        qualifies for an exception under section 3C(g)(1) or satisfies 
        the criteria in section 3C(g)(4).''.
    (c) Implementation.--The amendments made by this section to the 
Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 1 et seq.) shall be implemented--
            (1) without regard to--
                    (A) chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code; and
                    (B) the notice and comment provisions of section 
                553 of title 5, United States Code;
            (2) through the promulgation of an interim final rule, 
        pursuant to which public comment is sought before a final rule 
        is issued; and
            (3) such that paragraph (1) shall apply solely to changes 
        to rules and regulations, or proposed rules and regulations, 
        that are limited to and directly a consequence of the 
        amendments.

SEC. 8. ANALYSIS BY THE COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION OF THE 
              COSTS AND BENEFITS OF REGULATIONS AND ORDERS.

    Section 15(a) of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 19(a)) is 
amended by striking paragraphs (1) and (2) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--Before promulgating a regulation under 
        this Act or issuing an order (except as provided in paragraph 
        (3)), the Commission, acting through the Office of the Chief 
        Economist, shall--
                    ``(A) state a justification for the regulation or 
                order;
                    ``(B) state the baseline for the cost-benefit 
                analysis and explain how the regulation or order 
                measures costs against the baseline;
                    ``(C) assess the costs and benefits, both 
                qualitative and quantitative, of the intended 
                regulation or order;
                    ``(D) measure, and seek to improve, the actual 
                results of regulatory requirements; and
                    ``(E) propose or adopt a regulation or order only 
                on a reasoned determination that the benefits of the 
                intended regulation or order justify the costs of the 
                intended regulation or order (recognizing that some 
                benefits and costs are difficult to quantify).
            ``(2) Considerations.--In making a reasoned determination 
        of costs and benefits under paragraph (1), the Commission shall 
        consider--
                    ``(A) the protection of market participants and the 
                public;
                    ``(B) the efficiency, competitiveness, and 
                financial integrity of futures and swaps markets;
                    ``(C) the impact on market liquidity in the futures 
                and swaps markets;
                    ``(D) price discovery;
                    ``(E) sound risk management practices;
                    ``(F) the cost of available alternatives to direct 
                regulation;
                    ``(G) the degree and nature of the risks posed by 
                various activities within the scope of the jurisdiction 
                of the Commission;
                    ``(H) whether, consistent with obtaining regulatory 
                objectives, the regulation or order is tailored to 
                impose the least burden on society, including market 
                participants, individuals, businesses of differing 
                sizes, and other entities (including small communities 
                and governmental entities), taking into account, to the 
                extent practicable, the cumulative costs of regulations 
                and orders;
                    ``(I) whether the regulation or order is 
                inconsistent, incompatible, or duplicative of other 
                Federal regulations and orders; and
                    ``(J) whether, in choosing among alternative 
                regulatory approaches, those approaches maximize net 
                benefits (including potential economic, environmental, 
                and other benefits, distributive impacts, and 
                equity).''.

Answer: End-User Protection Act of 2014 - Amends the Commodity Exchange Act with respect to exceptions to the requirement that any swap be cleared by a derivatives clearing organization either registered under that Act, or exempted from registration, if the swap is required to be cleared. Revises the definition of a financial entity subject to such requirement to exclude one that: (1) is a commercial market participant predominantly engaged in activities in the business of banking, or in activities that are financial in nature, but is not supervised by a prudential regulator; or (2) is considered as predominantly engaged in activities in the business of banking or in financial activities because it regularly enters into foreign exchange or derivatives transactions on behalf of, or to hedge or mitigate the commercial risk of, one or more other entities within the entity's same commercial enterprise, or because of making loans to one or more of such other entities. Directs the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) to provide by rule for the public reporting of swap transactions, including price and volume data, in illiquid markets that are not cleared and entered into by a nonfinancial entity that is hedging or mitigating commercial risk. Defines &quot;illiquid&quot; as any market in which the volume and frequency of trading in swaps is at such a level as to allow identification of individual market participants. Requires the CFTC to ensure that such swap transaction information is not available to the public until 30 days after the transaction has been executed, or at an appropriate later date, in order to: (1) protect the identity of participants and positions in illiquid markets, and (2) prevent the elimination or reduction of market liquidity. Accords financial entities exempt from swap-clearing requirements the same treatment as exempted affiliates. Revises the exemption of bona fide hedge transactions or positions from certain trading limitations to set criteria for CFTC rules or regulations treating swaps, contracts of sale for future delivery, or options on the contracts or commodities as bona fide hedge transactions or positions also exempt from those limitations. Declares that, if the CFTC imposes any reporting and recordkeeping requirement on any person that is not registered, or required to be registered, with the CFTC, that person shall satisfy the requirements of any pertinent rule, order, or regulation by maintaining a written record of each cash or forward transaction related to a reportable or hedging commodity interest transaction, futures contract, option on a futures contract, or swap. Makes such a written record sufficient if it: (1) memorializes the final agreement between the parties, including the transaction's material economic terms; and (2) is identifiable and searchable by transaction. States that certain requirements for adoption of rules governing capital and margin requirements for swap dealers and major swap participants, including the initial and variation margin requirements imposed by rules adopted according to such requirements, shall not apply to a swap in which a counterparty qualifies for specified exceptions or exemptions. Revises requirements for a CFTC cost-benefit analysis made before an order is issued. Requires the CFTC, acting through the Office of the Chief Economist, among other things to:  state a justification for the regulation or order; state the baseline for the cost-benefit analysis and explain how the regulation or order measures costs against the baseline; assess the costs and benefits, both qualitative and quantitative, of the intended regulation or order; measure, and seek to improve, the actual results of regulatory requirements; and propose or adopt a regulation or order only on a reasoned determination that the benefits of the intended regulation or order justify its costs. 


Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Mercury Reduction and Energy 
Security Act of 2010''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) The Environmental Protection Agency (``EPA'') was 
        required by the terms of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 
        and a 1998 consent agreement to determine whether regulation of 
        mercury from electric utility steam generating units under 
        section 112 of the Clean Air Act was appropriate and necessary.
            (2) In a December 2000, regulatory finding, the EPA 
        concluded that regulation of mercury from electric utility 
        steam generating units was appropriate and necessary.
            (3) In 2005, the EPA withdrew its 2000 regulatory finding 
        in favor of a national cap-and-trade system for mercury 
        emissions from electric utility steam generating units, the 
        Clean Air Mercury Rule (``CAMR'').
            (4) CAMR was subsequently challenged in petitions for 
        review filed by 17 States.
            (5) The United States Court of Appeals for the District of 
        Columbia Circuit vacated the rule on February 8, 2008, finding 
        that once the EPA had listed electric utility steam generating 
        units as a source of hazardous air pollutants, it was required 
        by law to proceed with Maximum Achievable Control Technology 
        (``MACT'') regulations under section 112 of the Clean Air Act 
        unless it delisted the source category, under procedures set 
        forth in section 112(c)(9).
            (6) Mercury control technologies for coal-fired electric 
        utility steam generating units have advanced rapidly in the 
        last few years.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of this Act is to protect public health 
and welfare, and the environment, through mercury emission reductions 
from electric utility steam generating units.

SEC. 3. MERCURY EMISSION REDUCTIONS.

    The Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.) is amended by adding at 
the end the following new title:

                    ``TITLE VII--MERCURY REDUCTIONS

``SEC. 701. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this title:
            ``(1) Affected unit.--The term `affected unit' means a 
        coal-fired electric steam generating unit (including a 
        cogeneration unit) that--
                    ``(A) has a nameplate capacity greater than 25 
                megawatts; and
                    ``(B) generates electricity for sale.
            ``(2) Cogeneration unit.--The term `cogeneration unit' 
        means a stationary, coal-fired boiler or a stationary, coal-
        fired combustion turbine having equipment used to produce 
        electricity and useful thermal energy for industrial, 
        commercial, heating, or cooling purposes through the sequential 
        use of energy that produces during the 12-month period starting 
        on the date the unit first produces electricity and during any 
        calendar year after which the unit first produces electricity--
                    ``(A) for a topping-cycle cogeneration unit--
                            ``(i) useful thermal energy not less than 5 
                        percent of total energy output; and
                            ``(ii) useful power that, when added to 
                        one-half of useful thermal energy produced, is 
                        not less than--
                                    ``(I) 42.5 percent of total energy 
                                input if useful thermal energy produced 
                                is 15 percent or more of total energy 
                                output; or
                                    ``(II) 45 percent of total energy 
                                input if useful thermal energy produced 
                                is less than 15 percent of total energy 
                                output; and
                    ``(B) for a bottoming-cycle cogeneration unit, 
                useful power not less than 45 percent of total energy 
                input.
            ``(3) Inlet mercury.--The term `inlet mercury' means the 
        quantity of mercury found--
                    ``(A) in the as-fired coal used by an affected 
                unit; or
                    ``(B) for an affected unit using coal that is 
                subjected to an advanced coal cleaning technology, in 
                the as-mined coal used by the affected unit.

``SEC. 702. MERCURY REDUCTION PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Annual Limitation for Affected Units.--Except as provided in 
subsection (f), an affected unit in operation before or after the date 
of enactment of this title shall be subject to the following emission 
limitations on an annual average calendar year basis with respect to 
mercury:
            ``(1) Calendar years 2012 through 2014.--For the period 
        beginning on January 1, 2012, and ending on December 31, 2014, 
        the less stringent limitation of the following (calculated on a 
        one-year rolling average):
                    ``(A) 80 percent capture of inlet mercury.
                    ``(B) An emission rate of 1.60 pounds of mercury 
                per trillion British thermal units of input coal.
            ``(2) Calendar year 2015 and thereafter.--For calendar year 
        2015 and each calendar year thereafter, the less stringent 
        limitation of the following (calculated on a one-year rolling 
        average):
                    ``(A) 90 percent capture of inlet mercury.
                    ``(B) An emission rate of 0.80 pounds of mercury 
                per trillion British thermal units of input coal.
    ``(b) Averaging Across Units Within a Facility or State.--(1) An 
owner or operator of more than one affected unit at a single facility 
may demonstrate compliance with the applicable annual average emission 
limitations under subsection (a) by averaging emissions from all 
affected units at that facility, weighted by total input coal British 
thermal units.
    ``(2) An owner or operator of more than one affected unit or units 
within a State may demonstrate compliance with the applicable annual 
average emission limitations under subsection (a) by averaging 
emissions from all affected units owned or operated by that owner or 
operator within such State, weighted by total input coal British 
thermal units, if all affected units are owned or operated by the same 
entity.
    ``(3) If an affected unit is owned or operated by more than one 
entity, the State in which the affected unit is located shall allocate 
to each such owner or operator an appropriate portion of the generation 
from the affected unit for purposes of averaging emissions pursuant to 
paragraph (1) or (2).
    ``(c) Reference Methods for Measuring Mercury Emissions.--(1) The 
owner or operator of an affected unit shall use any of the following 
methods as a reference method to calibrate the instruments used to 
measure the mercury concentration in emissions from affected units:
                    ``(A) ASTM D6784-02, `Standard Test Method for 
                Elemental, Oxidized, Particle-Bound and Total Mercury 
                in Flue Gas Generated from Coal-Fired Stationary 
                Sources' (Ontario Hydro Method).
                    ``(B) 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Appendix A-8, Method 29, 
                `Determination of Metals Emissions from Stationary 
                Sources'.
                    ``(C) 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Appendix A-8, Method 30A, 
                `Determination of Total Vapor Phase Mercury Emissions 
                from Stationary Sources (Instrumental Analyzer 
                Procedure)'.
                    ``(D) 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Appendix A-8, Method 30B, 
                `Determination of Total Vapor Phase Mercury Emissions 
                from Coal-Fired Combustion Sources Using Carbon Sorbent 
                Traps'.
    ``(2) The Administrator may revise or supplement the list of 
permitted methods set forth in paragraph (1) to reflect improvements or 
other developments in the measurement of mercury emissions from coal-
fired electric steam generating units.
    ``(d) Monitoring System.--(1) The owner or operator of an affected 
unit shall install and operate a continuous emissions monitoring system 
(CEMS) to measure the quantity of mercury that is emitted from each 
affected unit.
    ``(2) For purposes of complying with paragraph (1), the owner or 
operator of an affected unit may use--
            ``(A) any CEMS that meets the requirements in Performance 
        Specification 12A (PS-12A), `Specifications and Test Procedures 
        for Total Vapor-Phase Mercury Continuous Monitoring Systems in 
        Stationary Sources';
            ``(B) a mercury concentration CEMS that meets the 
        requirements of 40 C.F.R. Part 75; or
            ``(C) a sorbent trap monitoring system that meets the 
        requirements of 40 C.F.R. 75.15 and 40 C.F.R. Part 75, Appendix 
        K, `Quality Assurance and Operating Procedures for Sorbent Trap 
        Monitoring Systems';
            ``(3) The Administrator may revise or supplement the list 
        of permitted monitoring systems set forth in paragraph (2) to 
        reflect improvements or other developments in mercury emissions 
        reduction technologies and mercury emissions monitoring 
        systems.
    ``(e) Excess Emissions.--(1) Except as provided in subsection (f), 
the owner or operator of an affected unit that emits mercury in excess 
of the applicable annual average emission limitation under subsection 
(a) shall pay an excess emissions penalty determined under paragraph 
(2).
    ``(2) The excess emissions penalty for mercury shall be an amount 
equal to $50,000 for each pound of mercury emitted in excess of the 
applicable annual average emission limitation under subsection (a). 
Such penalty shall be prorated for each fraction of a pound.
    ``(f) Best Practices.--(1) Effective, January 1, 2015, if the owner 
or operator of any affected unit fails to achieve the annual average 
emission limitation under subsection (a)(2), such owner or operator may 
notify the Administrator of such failure prior to March 1, 2015, and 
request an alternate emissions limitation for mercury with respect to 
such affected unit. Such owner or operator shall submit to the 
Administrator mercury emissions data measured by a CEMS that complies 
with subsection (d) for evaluation. If the Administrator determines 
that such owner or operator has properly installed and operated such 
CEMS and control technology designed to achieve such annual average 
emission limitation and is unable to meet such limitation, the 
Administrator may, not later than April 1, 2016, establish an alternate 
emissions limitation for mercury with respect to such affected unit 
based on the optimal performance of properly installed and operated 
control technology.
    ``(2) With respect to any affected unit, for any year for which an 
alternate emissions limitation for mercury is in place for such 
affected unit, the Administrator may review such alternate emissions 
limitation and impose a more stringent emissions limitation for mercury 
for the subsequent year based on new data regarding the demonstrated 
control capabilities of the type of control technology installed and 
operated at such affected unit.
    ``(3)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), an owner or 
operator of an affected unit failing to achieve the annual average 
emission limitation under subsection (a)(2) that notifies the 
Administrator of such failure and requests and alternate emissions 
limitation for mercury pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be considered in 
compliance with this section (and not subject to any excess emissions 
penalty) for the period beginning on January 1, 2015, and ending on the 
date such an alternate emissions limitation is implemented.
    ``(B) An owner or operator described in subparagraph (A) shall pay 
an excess emissions penalty, as determined under subsection (e)(2), for 
the period described in such subparagraph, if such owner or operator 
operates or maintains the affected unit, including any associated air 
pollution control equipment, in a manner that is inconsistent with good 
air pollution control practices for the minimization of mercury 
emissions, as determined by the Administrator. In determining whether 
the owner or operator of the affected unit operates and maintains the 
affected unit in a manner that is consistent with good air pollution 
control practices for the minimization of mercury emissions, the 
Administrator may review the emissions monitoring data and operating 
and maintenance procedures of the affected unit and may inspect the 
affected unit.
    ``(4)(A) With respect to any affected unit for which an alternate 
emissions limitation for mercury is in place under this subsection, the 
owner or operator of such affected unit that emits mercury in excess of 
such alternate emissions limitation shall pay an excess emissions 
penalty determined under subparagraph (B).
    ``(B) The excess emissions penalty for mercury for an owner or 
operator of an affected unit described in subparagraph (A) shall be an 
amount equal to $50,000 for each pound of mercury emitted in excess of 
the alternate emissions limitation for mercury in place for such 
affected unit. Such penalty shall be prorated for each fraction of a 
pound.
    ``(g) Sole Limitation on Mercury.--This title shall apply the sole 
emission standard or limitation under this Act with regard to the 
emission of mercury from electric utility steam generating units and 
shall supersede any other such requirement under section 112 or any 
other provision of this Act.
    ``(h) Relationship to Other Law.--Except as otherwise specifically 
provided in this title, nothing in this title precludes a State or 
political subdivision of a State from adopting or enforcing any 
additional requirements for the control or abatement of mercury 
emissions, except that no State or political subdivision thereof shall 
adopt or attempt to enforce any standard relating to the reduction or 
control of mercury emissions from electric utility steam generating 
units that is less stringent than the standards provided in this 
title.''.

Answer: Mercury Reduction and Energy Security Act of 2010 - Amends the Clean Air Act to require affected units (coal-fired electric steam generating units that have nameplate capacities greater than 25 megawatts and generate electricity for sale) to reduce mercury emissions by the less stringent limitation of: (1) 80% capture of inlet mercury or an emission rate of 1.6 pounds of mercury per trillion British thermal units (Btu) of input coal for the period beginning on January 1, 2012, and ending December 31, 2014; and (2) 90% capture of inlet mercury or an emission rate of 0.8 pounds of mercury per trillion Btu of input coal by 2015 and each year thereafter.

Specifies methods that owners or operators of affected units are required to use as reference methods in calibrating the instruments used to measure the mercury concentrations in emissions from affected units.

Establishes excess emissions penalties for mercury. Sets forth compliance provisions.

Authorizes: (1) owners or operators of affected units that fail to achieve such limitations to request an alternate emission limitation; (2) the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to establish alternate limitations if the Administrator determines that the owner or operator has properly installed and operated continuous emissions monitoring system and control technology designed to achieve such limitations and is unable to achieve such limitations; and (3) the Administrator, after granting alternate limitations, to impose more stringent emissions limitations in subsequent years. Makes such alternate limitations effective January 1, 2015.

Provides that this Act supersedes any other requirement in such Act with regard to the emission of mercury from electric utility steam generating units.


Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``National Law Enforcement Museum 
Commemorative Coin Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    The Congress finds the following:
            (1) In 2000, Congress passed and President William J. 
        Clinton signed into law the National Law Enforcement Museum Act 
        (Public Law 106-492), which authorized the National Law 
        Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund, Inc. to build the National 
        Law Enforcement Museum on Federal land in the District of 
        Columbia to honor and commemorate the service and sacrifice of 
        law enforcement officers in the United States.
            (2) In April 2016, construction began on the National Law 
        Enforcement Museum in the District of Columbia across the 
        street from the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial in 
        Judiciary Square.
            (3) The National Law Enforcement Museum will formally open 
        in September of 2018.
            (4) The National Law Enforcement Museum's mission is--
                    (A) to honor and commemorate the extraordinary 
                service and sacrifice of America's law enforcement 
                officers;
                    (B) to serve as an important bridge between law 
                enforcement's past and present, between the heroes of 
                yesteryear and those who have followed in their 
                footsteps, and between America's peace officers and the 
                public they serve; and
                    (C) increase public understanding and support for 
                law enforcement and to promote law enforcement safety.

SEC. 3. COIN SPECIFICATIONS.

    (a) Denominations.--The Secretary of the Treasury (hereafter in 
this Act referred to as the ``Secretary'') shall mint and issue the 
following coin:
            (1) $5 gold coins.--Not more than 50,000 $5 coins, which 
        shall--
                    (A) weigh 8.359 grams;
                    (B) have a diameter of 0.850 inches; and
                    (C) contain not less than 90 percent gold.
            (2) $1 silver coins.--Not more than 400,000 $1 coins, which 
        shall--
                    (A) weigh 26.73 grams;
                    (B) have a diameter of 1.500 inches; and
                    (C) contain not less than 90 percent silver.
            (3) Half-dollar clad coins.--Not more than 750,000 half-
        dollar coins which shall--
                    (A) weigh 11.34 grams;
                    (B) have a diameter of 1.205 inches; and
                    (C) be minted to the specifications for half-dollar 
                coins contained in section 5112(b) of title 31, United 
                States Code.
    (b) Legal Tender.--The coins minted under this Act shall be legal 
tender, as provided in section 5103 of title 31, United States Code.
    (c) Numismatic Items.--For purposes of section 5134 of title 31, 
United States Code, all coins minted under this Act shall be considered 
to be numismatic items.

SEC. 4. DESIGN OF COINS.

    (a) Design Requirements.--
            (1) In general.--The design of the coins minted under this 
        Act shall be emblematic of the National Law Enforcement Museum 
        and the service and sacrifice of law enforcement officers 
        throughout the history of the United States.
            (2) Designation and inscriptions.--On each coin minted 
        under this Act there shall be--
                    (A) a designation of the value of the coin;
                    (B) an inscription of the year ``2021''; and
                    (C) inscriptions of the words ``Liberty'', ``In God 
                We Trust'', ``United States of America'', and ``E 
                Pluribus Unum''.
    (b) Selection.--The design for the coins minted under this Act 
shall be--
            (1) selected by the Secretary after consultation with the 
        Commission of Fine Arts and the National Law Enforcement 
        Officers Memorial Fund, Inc.; and
            (2) reviewed by the Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee.

SEC. 5. ISSUANCE OF COINS.

    (a) Quality of Coins.--Coins minted under this Act shall be issued 
in uncirculated and proof qualities.
    (b) Mint Facilities.--Only 1 facility of the United States Mint may 
be used to strike any particular quality of the coins minted under this 
Act.
    (c) Period for Issuance.--The Secretary may issue coins minted 
under this Act only during the 1-year period beginning on January 1, 
2021.

SEC. 6. SALE OF COINS.

    (a) Sale Price.--The coins issued under this Act shall be sold by 
the Secretary at a price equal to the sum of--
            (1) the face value of the coins;
            (2) the surcharge provided in section 7(a) with respect to 
        such coins; and
            (3) the cost of designing and issuing the coins (including 
        labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, overhead expenses, 
        marketing, and shipping).
    (b) Bulk Sales.--The Secretary shall make bulk sales of the coins 
issued under this Act at a reasonable discount.
    (c) Prepaid Orders.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall accept prepaid orders 
        for the coins minted under this Act before the issuance of such 
        coins.
            (2) Discount.--Sale prices with respect to prepaid orders 
        under paragraph (1) shall be at a reasonable discount.

SEC. 7. SURCHARGES.

    (a) In General.--All sales of coins issued under this Act shall 
include a surcharge of--
            (1) $35 per coin for the $5 coin;
            (2) $10 per coin for the $1 coin; and
            (3) $5 per coin for the half-dollar coin.
    (b) Distribution.--Subject to section 5134(f)(1) of title 31, 
United States Code, all surcharges received by the Secretary from the 
sale of coins issued under this Act shall be promptly paid by the 
Secretary to the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund, Inc. 
for educational and outreach programs and exhibits.
    (c) Audits.--The National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund, 
Inc., shall be subject to the audit requirements of section 5134(f)(2) 
of title 31, United States Code, with regard to the amounts received 
under subsection (b).
    (d) Limitation.--Notwithstanding subsection (a), no surcharge may 
be included with respect to the issuance under this Act of any coin 
during a calendar year if, as of the time of such issuance, the 
issuance of such coin would result in the number of commemorative coin 
programs issued during such year to exceed the annual 2 commemorative 
coin program issuance limitation under section 5112(m)(1) of title 31, 
United States Code (as in effect on the date of the enactment of this 
Act). The Secretary of the Treasury may issue guidance to carry out 
this subsection.

Answer:
National Law Enforcement Museum Commemorative Coin Act This bill directs the Department of the Treasury to mint and issue up to 50,000 $5 gold coins, 400,000 $1 silver coins, and 750,000 half-dollar clad coins that are emblematic of the National Law Enforcement Museum in Washington, DC, and the service and sacrifice of law enforcement officers throughout the history of the United States.  All sales of such coins shall include specified surcharges, which shall be distributed to the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund, Inc., for educational and outreach programs and exhibits.