In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

SECTION 1. TREATMENT OF BONDS ISSUED TO FINANCE RENEWABLE ENERGY 
              RESOURCE FACILITIES AND CONSERVATION AND EFFICIENCY 
              FACILITIES AND OTHER SPECIFIED GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION 
              TECHNOLOGIES.

    (a) In General.--Section 142(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986 is amended by striking ``or'' at the end of paragraph (14), by 
striking the period at the end of paragraph (15) and inserting a comma, 
and by inserting after paragraph (15) the following new paragraphs:
            ``(16) renewable energy resource facilities,
            ``(17) conservation and efficiency facilities and projects, 
        or
            ``(18) zero emission vehicles and related facilities or 
        projects.''.
    (b) Renewable Energy Resource Facility.--Section 142 of such Code 
is further amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(n) Renewable Energy Resource Facilities.--For purposes of 
subsection (a)(16)--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `renewable energy resource 
        facility' means--
                    ``(A) any facility used to produce electric or 
                thermal energy (including a distributed generation 
                facility) from--
                            ``(i) solar, wind, or geothermal energy,
                            ``(ii) marine and hydrokinetic renewable 
                        energy,
                            ``(iii) incremental hydropower,
                            ``(iv) biomass (as defined in section 
                        203(b) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
                        U.S.C. 15852(b))), or
                            ``(v) landfill gas, or
                    ``(B) any facility or project used for the 
                manufacture of facilities referred to in subparagraph 
                (A).
            ``(2) Definitions.--For purposes of paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) Geothermal energy.--The term `geothermal 
                energy' means energy derived from a geothermal deposit 
                (within the meaning of section 613(e)(2)) or from 
                geothermal heat pumps.
                    ``(B) Marine and hydrokinetic renewable energy.--
                The term `marine and hydrokinetic renewable energy' has 
                the meaning given such term in section 45(c)(10).
                    ``(C) Incremental hydropower.--The term 
                `incremental hydropower' means additional energy 
                generated as a result of efficiency improvements or 
                capacity additions to existing hydropower facilities 
                made on or after the date of enactment of this 
                subsection. The term `incremental hydropower' does not 
                include additional energy generated as a result of 
                operational changes not directly associated with 
                efficiency improvements or capacity additions.''.
    (c) Conservation and Efficiency.--Section 142 of such Code is 
amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(o) Conservation and Efficiency Facilities and Projects.--For 
purposes of subsection (a)(17), the term `conservation and efficiency 
facility and project' means--
            ``(1) any facility used for the conservation or the 
        efficient use of energy, including energy efficient 
        retrofitting of existing buildings, or for the efficient 
        storage, transmission, or distribution of energy, including any 
        facility or project designed to implement smart grid 
        technologies (as described in title XIII of the Energy 
        Independence and Security Act of 2007, or individual components 
        of such technologies as listed in section 1301 of such Act),
            ``(2) any facility used for the conservation of or the 
        efficient use of water, including--
                    ``(A) any facility or project designed to--
                            ``(i) reduce the demand for water,
                            ``(ii) improve efficiency in use and reduce 
                        losses and waste of water, and
                            ``(iii) improve land management practices 
                        to conserve water, or
                    ``(B) any individual component of a facility or 
                project referred to in subparagraph (A), or
            ``(3) any facility or project used for the manufacture of 
        facilities referred to in paragraphs (1) and (2).
For purposes of paragraph (2)(A), facilities and projects does not 
include facilities or projects that store water.''.
    (d) Zero Emission Vehicles and Related Facilities or Projects.--
Section 142 of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following 
new subsection:
    ``(p) Zero Emission Vehicles and Related Facilities or Projects.--
            ``(1) Zero emission vehicles.--The term `zero emission 
        vehicles' means vehicles that have no tailpipe emissions, 
        evaporative emissions, or onboard emission-control systems that 
        can deteriorate over time.
            ``(2) Facilities related to zero emission vehicles.--A 
        facility or project is related to a zero emission vehicle if 
        the facility is any real or personal property to be used in the 
        design, technology transfer, manufacture, production, assembly, 
        distribution, or service of zero emission vehicles.''.
    (e) Coordination With Section 45.--Paragraph (3) of section 45(b) 
of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following new 
sentence: ``Clause (ii) of subparagraph (A) shall not apply with 
respect to (I) any qualified facility that is a renewable energy 
resource facility described in section 142(a)(16), (II) any qualified 
facility that is a conservation and efficiency facility described in 
section 142(a)(17), or (III) any qualified facility that is a zero 
emission vehicle and related facility or project described in section 
142(a)(18).''.
    (f) Coordination With Section 45K.--Subparagraph (A) of section 
45K(b)(3) of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following 
flush sentence: ``Clause (i)(II) shall not apply with respect to (aa) 
any qualified facility that is a renewable energy resource facility 
described in section 142(a)(16), (bb) any qualified facility that is a 
conservation and efficiency facility described section 142(a)(17), or 
(cc) any qualified facility that is a zero emission vehicle and related 
facility or project described in section 142(a)(18).''.
    (g) Coordination With Section 146(g)(3).--Section 146(g)(3) is 
amended by striking ``or (15)'' and all that follows through the end of 
the paragraph and inserting ``(15), (16), (17), or (18)''.
    (h) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to obligations issued after the date of the enactment of this 
Act.
Amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow a tax exemption of the interest on bonds issued to finance renewable energy resource facilities, conservation and efficiency facilities and projects, and zero emission vehicles and related facilities or projects.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Positive Train Control Enforcement 
and Implementation Act of 2015''.

SEC. 2. ENSURING SAFE IMPLEMENTATION OF POSITIVE TRAIN CONTROL ON 
              POISONOUS OR TOXIC-BY-INHALATION AND PASSENGER RAIL 
              LINES.

    Section 20157 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(1)--
                    (A) by striking ``18 months after the date of 
                enactment of the Rail Safety Improvement Act of 2008'' 
                and inserting ``60 days after the date of enactment of 
                the Positive Train Control Enforcement and 
                Implementation Act of 2015'';
                    (B) by striking ``develop'' and inserting 
                ``revise'';
                    (C) by striking ``December 31, 2015'' and inserting 
                ``December 31, 2018, or the deadline determined 
                appropriate by the Secretary pursuant to paragraph 
                (2)''; and
                    (D) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``parts'' and 
                inserting ``sections'';
            (2) by striking subsection (a)(2) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(2) Authority to extend deadline.--
                    ``(A) The Secretary may extend the deadline 
                described in paragraph (1) of this subsection, 
                applicable to each carrier or entity required to submit 
                a plan under paragraph (1), for a period not to exceed 
                12 months if such a carrier or entity demonstrates to 
                the satisfaction of the Secretary that such carrier or 
                entity--
                            ``(i) will not be able to implement a 
                        positive train control system by the deadline 
                        described in paragraph (1) due to technical, 
                        programmatic, or operational challenges, such 
                        as availability of public funding, spectrum, 
                        technology, and interoperability standards;
                            ``(ii) has taken actions to address such 
                        challenges and mitigate risks to successful 
                        implementation of a positive train control 
                        system; and
                            ``(iii) has made good faith efforts to 
                        implement the plan described in paragraph (1).
                    ``(B)(i) The Secretary may grant an additional one-
                time extension of the deadline described in paragraph 
                (1), applicable to each carrier or entity required to 
                submit a plan under paragraph (1), not to exceed 12 
                months, if such a carrier or entity, or a group 
                thereof, is not able to fully implement a positive 
                train control system on or before the date that is the 
                last day of the extension granted under subparagraph 
                (A), and such carrier or entity--
                            ``(I) demonstrates to the satisfaction of 
                        the Secretary that implementing a positive 
                        train control system was delayed due to 1 or 
                        more circumstances beyond the control of the 
                        carrier or entity, such as a delay in Federal 
                        approval of a plan, testing, or certification; 
                        or
                            ``(II) demonstrates to the satisfaction of 
                        the Secretary--
                                    ``(aa) that such carrier or entity 
                                will not be able to implement a 
                                positive train control system by the 
                                deadline described in paragraph (1) due 
                                to technical, programmatic, or 
                                operational challenges;
                                    ``(bb) due diligence in its efforts 
                                to fully implement a positive train 
                                control system; and
                                    ``(cc) that substantial progress 
                                has been made in deploying positive 
                                train control, to the extent feasible.
                    ``(ii) A demonstrating carrier or entity under 
                clause (i) must certify to the Secretary in writing 
                that such carrier or entity will be in full compliance 
                with the requirements of this section on or before the 
                date that is the last date of the extension granted 
                under clause (i).
            ``(3) Implementation.--
                    ``(A) The revised plan shall--
                            ``(i) describe how the railroad carrier or 
                        entity will provide for interoperability of the 
                        system with movements of trains of other 
                        railroad carriers or entities over its lines;
                            ``(ii) to the extent practical, provide for 
                        implementation of the system in a manner that 
                        addresses areas of greater risk before areas of 
                        lesser risk;
                            ``(iii) comply with this section and 
                        subpart I of part 236 of title 49, Code of 
                        Federal Regulations; and
                            ``(iv) include a detailed schedule and 
                        sequence for fully implementing a positive 
                        train control system in accordance with this 
                        section and such regulations.
                    ``(B) The railroad carrier shall implement a 
                positive train control system in accordance with such 
                plan.'';
            (3) by striking subsections (c) and (d) and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(c) Progress Reports.--Not later than January 1, 2017, and 
annually thereafter until full implementation of positive train control 
systems has been completed, each railroad carrier or entity required to 
revise and transmit a plan under subsection (a) shall submit to the 
Secretary a report on the progress of such carrier or entity toward 
implementing positive train control systems.
    ``(d) Reports.--
            ``(1) Congressional notification.--Not later than April 1, 
        2018, the Secretary shall transmit to the Committee on 
        Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
        Transportation of the Senate a report on the progress of the 
        railroad carriers in implementing positive train control 
        systems.
            ``(2) Public availability.--The Secretary shall make 
        available to the public on the Department of Transportation's 
        Internet Web site each progress report submitted pursuant to 
        paragraph (1) and subsection (c).''; and
            (4) in subsection (h)--
                    (A) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Provisional operation.--In lieu of the requirements 
        of paragraph (1), the Secretary may authorize a railroad 
        carrier or other entity to commence operation in revenue 
        service of a positive train control system or component to the 
        extent necessary to enable the safe implementation of positive 
        train control systems in phases.''.
Positive Train Control Enforcement and Implementation Act of 2015 This bill extends deadlines and modifies requirements for railroad carriers and providers of intercity or commuter rail passenger transportation to implement positive train control (PTC) systems.  (A PTC system is a communications and signaling system designed to prevent train-to-train collisions, over-speed derailments, incursions into established work zone limits, and the movement of a train through a switch left in the wrong position. Railroads which carry passengers or have high-volume freight traffic with certain hazardous materials are required to implement a PTC system.)  Within 60 days of enactment of this bill, each Class I railroad carrier (the largest operators by revenue) and provider of intercity or commuter rail passenger transportation must submit to the Department of Transportation (DOT) a plan for implementing PTC by December 31, 2018, instead of the December 31, 2015, deadline required under current law. DOT may extend the deadline if specified requirements are met.  The revised plan must include a detailed schedule and sequence for fully implementing PTC in a manner that complies with specified regulations, and railroads must implement PTC in accordance with the plan.  DOT may authorize a railroad carrier or other entity to begin the provisional operation of a PTC system without the required certification if it is necessary to enable the safe implementation of PTC in phases. 

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``United Nations Population Fund 
Women's Health and Dignity Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) Sexual and reproductive health problems account for an 
        estimated 10 percent of the total global burden of disease and 
        32 percent of the burden among women of reproductive age.
            (2) More than four in 10 of the world's pregnant women 
        still have no access to skilled care at childbirth. Every 
        minute, a woman somewhere dies in pregnancy or childbirth--
        529,000 deaths a year. Ninety-five percent of maternal deaths 
        occur in Africa and Asia while fewer that one percent occur in 
        the more developed regions of the world.
            (3) A million or more children are left motherless each 
        year as a result of maternal mortality. These children are 
        three to 10 times more likely to die within two years than 
        children who live with both parents. Almost half of infant 
        deaths per year result from poor maternal health and inadequate 
        delivery care.
            (4) Roughly 201 million women in low-income countries would 
        use safe, effective contraceptive methods but such methods are 
        not available to such women, including 25 percent of married 
        women in sub-Saharan Africa. If these women had access to 
        reliable family planning services, approximately 52 million 
        unplanned pregnancies would be avoided in the developing world 
        every year, resulting in 23 million unplanned births, 22 
        million induced abortions, 7 million spontaneous abortions, 1.4 
        million infant deaths, 142,000 pregnancy-related deaths, and 
        505,000 children from losing their mothers.
            (5) Each day 14,000 people are infected with HIV. One-half 
        of all new HIV infections occur in women. In some places women 
        are six times more likely to be infected than men.
            (6) Access to voluntary family planning services, including 
        contraception, is essential in helping to reduce the number of 
        unintended pregnancies and, consequently, the incidence of 
        abortion.
            (7) In the process of helping women to achieve their 
        childbearing goals, enormous amounts of government funds are 
        saved. A study in Mexico found that for every peso the Mexican 
        social security system spent on voluntary family planning 
        services between 1972 and 1984, it saved nine pesos in expenses 
        for treating complications of unsafe abortions and providing 
        maternal and infant care. Every dollar invested in Thailand's 
        voluntary family planning program saved the Thai Government 
        more than $16.
            (8) The growing global population and its consumption 
        patterns have profound consequences for the global environment, 
        including species extinction, deforestation, desertification, 
        climate change, and the destruction of natural ecosystems. 
        These global environmental impacts pose a significant threat to 
        the earth's sustainability and impact the quality of life of 
        humans in all regions of the world.
            (9) Demographic factors have been found to be linked to an 
        increased likelihood of the outbreak of civil conflict during 
        the 1990s. Countries in which young adults comprised more than 
        40 percent of the adult population were more than twice as 
        likely as countries with lower proportions of young adults to 
        the overall adult population to experience an outbreak of civil 
        conflict.
            (10) The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) was created 
        in 1969 with the support and assistance of the United States 
        Government. Today, UNFPA is the largest multilateral source of 
        funding, expertise, and programs targeted at voluntary family 
        planning, promotion of safe delivery, reduction of maternal and 
        infant mortality, and assisting women with sexual and 
        reproductive health needs during natural and man-made 
        emergencies. UNFPA also actively works to stop the spread of 
        HIV/AIDS and promote the rights, education, and livelihoods of 
        women in developing countries.
            (11) UNFPA has family planning and reproductive health 
        programs in approximately 140 countries. The United States 
        Agency for International Development operates population 
        programs in about 60 countries.
            (12) In 2006, 180 countries made financial contributions to 
        the UNFPA, including every nation in Latin America, the 
        Caribbean, and sub-Saharan Africa. This represents an increase 
        from the 69 nations that made contributions in 1999. The United 
        States is the only developed nation not to make a contribution 
        to UNFPA, and the only nation to ever withhold contributions 
        for any reason other than budgetary considerations.
            (13) United States funding has been withheld from UNFPA 
        since January 2002, despite the fact that Congress has 
        appropriated funds for UNFPA for every fiscal year since 
        January 2002 and the Administration's own Independent 
        Assessment Team of 2002 which found, ``[N]o evidence that UNFPA 
        has knowingly supported or participated in the management of a 
        program of coercive abortion or involuntary sterilization in 
        the [People's Republic of China]. We therefore recommend that 
        not more than $34,000,000 which has already been appropriated 
        be released to UNFPA.''.
            (14) UNFPA's pilot programs of assistance in China are 
        proving--as they were designed to--the advantages of voluntary, 
        informed, consent-based family planning over a top-down 
        administrative approach. In 32 countries that receive UNFPA 
        assistance, maternal deaths have declined, births with skilled 
        attendance have increased, knowledge of HIV/AIDS has risen, 
        knowledge of more than three modern contraceptives has risen, 
        knowledge of natural methods has increased, surgical 
        contraception has dropped, abortion rates have dropped from 24 
        per 1,000 women to 10 per 1,000 women, home-based childbirths 
        have fallen, and choice of contraception by clients has grown.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the United 
States Government should resume annual contributions to UNFPA to 
facilitate the core mission of UNFPA to save and improve the lives of 
women, infants, and men and improve communities in foreign countries.

SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It is the policy of the United States to provide financial and 
other support to the United Nations Population Fund to carry out 
activities to save women's lives, limit the incidence of abortion and 
maternal mortality associated with unsafe abortion, promote universal 
access to safe and reliable family planning, and assist women, 
children, and men in developing countries to live better lives.

SEC. 4. AUTHORIZATION OF UNITED STATES VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTION TO UNFPA.

    (a) Voluntary Contribution Authorized.--Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, the President is authorized to make a voluntary 
contribution on a grant basis to the United Nations Population Fund 
(UNFPA), on such terms and conditions as the President may determine, 
to provide financial or other support to UNFPA to carry out the 
activities described in subsection (b).
    (b) Activities Described.--The activities described in this 
subsection are to--
            (1) provide and distribute equipment, medicine, and 
        supplies, and expertise, including safe delivery kits and 
        hygiene kits, to ensure safe childbirth and emergency obstetric 
        care;
            (2) make available supplies of contraceptives for the 
        prevention of pregnancy and sexually-transmitted infections, 
        including HIV/AIDS;
            (3) reduce the incidence of abortion and maternal mortality 
        related to unsafe abortion;
            (4) reduce and eliminate coercive family planning 
        practices, including coercive abortion and involuntary 
        sterilization;
            (5) reduce and eliminate the incidence of sex selection;
            (6) prevent and treat cases of obstetric fistula;
            (7) promote abandonment of harmful traditional practices, 
        including female genital cutting and child marriage;
            (8) reestablish maternal health services in areas where 
        medical infrastructure and such services have been destroyed by 
        natural disasters; and
            (9) promote the access of unaccompanied women and other 
        vulnerable people to vital services, including access to water, 
        sanitation facilities, food, and health care, in emergency 
        situations.
    (c) Waiver.--The President is authorized to make a voluntary 
contribution on a grant basis to UNFPA to provide financial or other 
support to UNFPA to carry out activities to respond to a natural or 
man-made emergency if the President determines that such activities 
will save human life or prevent or alleviate human suffering.

SEC. 5. REPORT TO CONGRESS.

    (a) Report Required.--The President shall transmit to the 
appropriate congressional committees on an annual basis for each of the 
fiscal years 2008 through 2012 a report on the implementation of this 
Act.
    (b) Matters To Be Included.--The report required by subsection (a) 
shall include a detailed analysis of the scope, success, and value of 
activities of the United Nations Population Fund, with particular 
emphasis on the number of lives saved, the number of abortions 
prevented, and success in meeting the goals of the Program of Action of 
the International Conference on Population and Development.
    (c) Definition.--In this section, the term ``appropriate 
congressional committees'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on 
        Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and
            (2) the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on 
        Foreign Relations of the Senate.

SEC. 6. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    To carry out this Act, there are authorized to be appropriated to 
the President $50,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 
2012.

United Nations Population Fund Women's Health and Dignity Act - Authorizes the President to make a voluntary contribution on a grant basis to the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) to: (1) provide and distribute equipment, medicine, supplies, and expertise to ensure safe childbirth and emergency obstetric care; (2) make contraceptives available for the prevention of pregnancy and sexually-transmitted infections, including HIV/AIDS; (3) reduce abortion and related maternal mortality; (4) reduce and eliminate coercive family planning practices; (5) reduce and eliminate sex selection; (6) prevent and treat cases of obstetric fistula; (7) promote abandonment of harmful traditional practices, including female genital cutting and child marriage; (8) reestablish maternal health services in areas where medical infrastructure has been destroyed by natural disasters; and (9) promote the access of unaccompanied women and other vulnerable people to vital services, including access to water, sanitation facilities, food, and health care, in emergency situations.