Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Example Input: Anemia of chronic disease, a cytokine-mediated anemia, is a frequent complication of many chronic inflammatory conditions. The present case-control study was aimed to evaluate levels of systemic hematological markers indicative of anemia in patients with generalized, severe, chronic periodontitis.', 'A convenience quota sample of 30 systemically-healthy, urban, male patients comprised two groups, based on full mouth periodontal examination: group A patients (n=15) were diagnosed with generalized, severe, chronic periodontitis, and group B patients comprised the control group (n=15), which included patients with a clinically-healthy periodontium. Laboratory blood investigations included hemoglobin (g%), total number of erythrocytes (red blood cells), hematocrit/packed cell volume, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mean corpuscular volume of erythrocytes, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. An analysis of covariance using age as a covariate was done to compare the mean values of hematological parameters within groups.', 'The mean values of hemoglobin, red blood cells, packed cell volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were significantly lower, while the mean corpuscular volume of erythrocytes and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were significantly higher in group A patients compared to those in group B, indicating mild anemia.
Example Output: 1

Example Input: The aim of the present study was to determine the potential therapeutic value of the lazaroid U-83836E on blood brain barrier (BBB) breakdown and edema with respect to the changes in the synaptosomal Na+/K+ and Mg(2+)/Ca(2+)-adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) activities, tissue malondialdehyde levels and the neuronal viability in the rat brain subjected to cerebral trauma.', 'Traumatic brain injury (TBI) was introduced by applying a 75 gm. cm force to the right parietal cortex using the weight-drop method. The first set of animals was used for determining time course changes of the synaptosomal Na+/K+ and Mg(2+)/Ca(2+)-ATPase and the malondialdehyde levels and were sacrificed 2, 6 and 24h after lesion production. A group of the animals was treated with U-83836E proir to TBI and sacrificed 24h after cerebral injury. A second set of animals was used for evaluating the alterations in BBB disruption and tissue water content and were sacrificed 2, 6 and 24h after lesion production. Two groups of animals were treated with U-83836E and sacrificed after 2 and 24h following TBI. U-83836E was given intraperitoneally thirty minutes before trauma at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Neuronal necrosis was also evaluated in the groups of U-83836E and physiological saline-treated animals.', 'Extravasation of Evans blue into the traumatized hemisphere was maximum at 2h (p<0.001) and returned close to the control levels at 24h after TBI (p>0.05). Edema had developed progressively over time and reached the maximum degree of 2.1% (p<0.001) at 24h. U-83836E showed no effect on the BBB breakdown and the tissue water content at 2h and still had no effect on the BBB breakdown after 24h following the trauma (p>0.05), although it reduced edema after 24h (p<0.01). The losses of Na+/K+ and Mg(2+)/Ca(2+)-ATPase activities were found as 39.5% (p<0.001) and 29.4% (p<0.01) of the control value, respectively, and remained at the decreased levels throughout the experiment. Malondialdehyde level continued to increase over time reaching up to 209% (p<0.001) of the control value 24h after TBI. Both ATPase activities were improved to near control values (p>.05) by the effect of U-83836E. U-83836E inhibited the increase of lipid peroxidation (p<0.001) and also salvaged neuronal necrosis (p<0.05).
Example Output: 1

Example Input: This study compared in-hospital mortality and resource utilization among vascular surgical patients at safety net public hospitals (SNPHs) with those at nonsafety net public hospitals (nSNPHs).', 'The National Inpatient Sample (2003-2011) was queried to identify surgical patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD), carotid stenosis, or nonruptured abdominal aorta aneurysm based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnostic and procedure codes. The cohort was then divided into SNPH and nSNPH groups according to the definition of SNPH used by the National Association of Public Hospitals. Clinical characteristics, length of stay, in-hospital mortality, and hospital charges were compared between groups. Advanced PAD was defined as that associated with rest pain or tissue loss. Statistical methods included bivariate χ(2) tests for categoric variables, t-tests for continuous variables, and multivariable linear and logistic regression to adjust for confounding variables (in-hospital mortality).', 'We identified 306,438 patients operated on for PAD, carotid stenosis, and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Patients at SNPHs were younger, the percentage of female and minority patients was higher, and patients had a higher Elixhauser comorbidity index (P < .001). Nonelective admissions were more common among SNPH patients who presented with more advanced PAD (P > .05) and symptomatic carotid stenosis (P < .05). Patients at SNPHs had a significantly longer length of stay, higher hospital charges, and higher in-hospital mortality (P < .05 for all variables). Crude odds of mortality at SNPHs were 1.28 higher than at nSNPHs (95% confidence interval, 1.13-1.46; P < .001), but adjusted analyses revealed no statistically significant difference between the odds of in-hospital mortality at both hospital groups.
Example Output:
1