In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

[EX Q]: in bassil v. united states, 517 a.2d 714, 717 n. 5 (d.c. 1986), the court acknowledged that van arsdall effectively overruled its decision in springer.
[EX A]: overruling

[EX Q]: "catalyst theory," allowing that result, is no longer available for that purpose, see farrar, ___ u.s. at ___, 113 s.ct. at 573-74, and cases such as bonnes v. long, 599 f.2d 1316 (4th cir. 1979), which applied that theory, are overruled.
[EX A]: overruling

[EX Q]: see, e.g., n. y. c. rules & regs., tit. 1, 27-01 (2018) (requiring signs by elevators showing stair locations); san francisco dept. of health, director's rules & regs., garbage and refuse (july 8, 2010) (requiring property owners to inform tenants about garbage disposal procedures).
[EX A]:
non-overruling