In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

[EX Q]: given the supreme court's decision in gaudin, we conclude that beuttenmuller's holding that materiality under section 1006 is a question of law for the court has been overruled.
[EX A]: overruling

[EX Q]: this notice must be posted in the waiting room, printed and distributed to all clients, or provided digitally at check-in.
[EX A]: non-overruling

[EX Q]: for example, in the well-known case of harris v. balk, 198 u.s. 215 (1905), epstein, a resident of maryland, had a claim against balk, a resident of north carolina. harris, another north carolina resident, owed money to balk.
[EX A]:
non-overruling