Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Example Input: Pathological evidence supports a potential role of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine network in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Moreover, associated studies suggest a possible involvement of cytokine-related genes in IBD susceptibility. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL10) gene on ulcerative colitis (UC).', 'Two functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (-1082 G/A, -819 T/C) in the IL10 promoter in 203 Italian sporadic UC patients and 391 controls were determined using high-resolution melting analysis.', 'The frequency of the -1082A allele was significantly higher in the UC patients than in controls (p=0.00003); -1082 genotype frequencies were also significantly different between UC patients and controls (p=0.0001). Allele and genotype frequencies of -819 T/C were not significantly associated with UC. Furthermore, the frequencies of haplotypes -1082A/-819C and -1082A/-819T, which have been reported to have a lower promoter activity, were significantly higher in UC patients than in controls (p=0.0004). After gender stratification, we found a significant difference in the -1082A allele (p=0.00004) and genotype (p=0.0002) frequencies only between female UC patients and controls; the same result was obtained for the -1082A/-819C and -1082A/-819T haplotypes (p=0.0006).
Example Output: Do interleukin-10 promoter polymorphisms influence susceptibility to ulcerative colitis in a gender-specific manner?

Example Input: SPARC (secreted protein acidic, rich in cysteine) is a matricellular protein that has been found to be activated in a number of human cancers. More recently, it has been shown to be upregulated in human gastric and colorectal cancer. We therefore wished to address the functional importance of SPARC upregulation to intestinal tumorigenesis in vivo.', 'SPARC upregulation was determined in intestinal adenomas of tumour-prone Apc(Min/+) mice at both the RNA and the protein level. To determine the functional importance of SPARC for intestinal tumorigenesis we then intercrossed Sparc knockout mice with Apc(Min/+) mice (n = 20). Intestinal enterocyte migration was examined using bromodeoxyuridine labelling studies.', 'Levels of murine Sparc and several related proteins were upregulated in adenomas arising in Apc(Min/+) mice. A deficiency of Sparc strongly suppressed adenoma formation in Apc(Min/+) mice (p>or=0.0001). Importantly, a deficiency of Sparc also accelerated enterocyte migration (p = 0.01), as perturbed slow epithelial migration may underpin adenoma formation in the intestine.
Example Output: Does deficiency of SPARC suppress intestinal tumorigenesis in APCMin/+ mice?

Example Input: The 34-gene classifier, ClearCode34, identifies prognostically distinct molecular subtypes of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) termed clear cell A (ccA) and clear cell B (ccB). The primary objective of this study was to describe clinical characteristics and comorbidities of relevance in patients stratified by ClearCode34.', 'In this retrospective analysis, 282 patients from Moffitt Cancer Center with ccRCC with gene expression analyses of the primary tumor were identified and ClearCode34 was applied to identify tumors as ccA or ccB. The medical record and institutional databases were queried to define patient characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes.', 'We validated in this external cohort the superior overall survival, cancer-specific survival, and recurrence-free survival of ccA patients relative to ccB patients (P<0.001). Addressing other clinical characteristics, the ccA patients were more likely to be obese (48% vs. 34%, P = 0.021) and diabetic (26% vs. 13%, P = 0.035). The ccA patients also trended toward having been more frequent users of angiotensin system inhibitors (71% vs. 52%, P = 0.055). In multivariate analyses, ccB status is independently associated with inferior cancer-specific survival (hazard ratio = 3.26, 95% confidence interval: 1.84-5.79) and overall survival (hazard ratio = 2.50, 95% confidence interval: 1.53-4.08).
Example Output:
Do patients with ClearCode34-identified molecular subtypes of clear cell renal cell carcinoma represent unique populations with distinct comorbidities?