Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Context: To examine the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) in relation to gestational weeks during pregnancy among Chinese women.', 'From a randomized control trial of prenatal supplementation with folic acid, iron-folic acid, and multiple micronutrients in China, we examined 834 pregnant women with CRP measured initially between 5 and 20 weeks and at follow-up between 28 and 32 weeks gestation. We calculated and plotted CRP geometric means by gestational weeks. The same analysis was repeated for women who had normal pregnancies (624 women) by excluding women with stillbirth, preterm, small for gestational age, body mass index <18.5 kg/m(2) or >30 kg/m(2) at enrollment, and hypertension or anemia during pregnancy.', 'We observed a significant positive trend between log-transformed CRP and gestational age from 5 to 20 weeks and from 28 to 32 weeks both in the full sample and in the subset of women who had normal pregnancies. CRP geometric mean was 0.81 mg/l at 5-7 weeks of gestation, 2.85 mg/l at 19-20 weeks of gestation, and 3.89 mg/l at 32 weeks of gestation. A similar increasing trend in the CRP median or percentage of elevated CRP were also observed.
Answer: We concluded that CRP increased with gestational age among healthy Chinese women who delivered healthy infants. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:574-579, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Does c-reactive protein increase with gestational age during pregnancy among Chinese women?

Context: Cirrhosis, or liver fibrosis, which is mainly triggered by cirrhosis fat-storing cells (CFSCs) activation, has traditionally been considered an irreversible disease. However, recent observations indicate that even advanced fibrosis is still reversible by removing the causative agents. Anti-fibrotic effects of bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs) have been demonstrated by inhibiting CFSCs via cytokines secretion; however, the mechanisms are still unclear.', 'The purpose of this study was to explore the underlying mechanisms by which BMSCs modulate the function of activated CFSCs.', 'After the co-culture of CFSCs with BMSCs supernatants with or without the addition of recombinant rat adrenomedullin (AM)/AM-specific siRNA, western blot analysis was mainly used to detect the differences of relative protein expression on CFSCs.', 'BMSC-secreted adrenomedullin (AM) effectively inhibited the proliferation and activation of CFSCs by suppressing the expression of Ang II and its binding receptor, AT1, which resulted in a reduction of p47-phox formation.
Answer: Our data suggested that BMSCs inhibited CFSC activation in vitro via the AM-Ang II-p47-phox signaling pathway, and since CFSC activation is an essential part of hepatic fibrosis process, this inhibition by BMSCs implies us new insights into the potential treatment of hepatic fibrosis via BMSCs.
Do bone Marrow Stromal Cells Inhibit the Activation of Liver Cirrhotic Fat-Storing Cells via Adrenomedullin Secretion?

Context: Malnutrition is a common, hence frequently underdiagnosed condition in patients with liver cirrhosis as well as in patients with cancer and has been shown to have a negative impact on survival in these patients. Frequently applied screening tools including anthropometric measurements or laboratory parameters to screen for malnutrition are not suitable for patients with liver cirrhosis with additional pathophysiological mechanisms leading to hypoalbuminemia and edema. Prospective data on the prevalence and prognostic impact of malnutrition in patients with HCC are scarce.', 'Fifty-one consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were prospectively enrolled into this study and screened for malnutrition by anthropometric measurements, the MNA score, the NRS score, laboratory work-up, and BIA measurement. The results of the different screening tools were compared to each other and with the BIA assessment and correlated with the outcome of patients.', 'The calculation of a body mass index (BMI) was not suitable to identify malnourished patients with HCC. The MNA identified 19, the NRS score 17 patients at a risk for malnutrition. BIA revealed a reduction in relative body cell mass in 12 patients. Univariate Cox regression analyses identified tumor stage, MNA score, and phase angle obtained by BIA as significant factors with influence on survival. Multivariate analyses confirmed the phase angle at a cut-off of 4.8 to be an independent factor.
Answer: A significant proportion of patients with HCC is malnourished or at risk for malnutrition. Screening questionnaires and BIA measurement are superior to pure anthropometric measurements to identify the condition that negatively influences survival. The phase angle derived from body impedance analysis is an independent prognostic factor in patients with HCC.

Is malnutrition a prognostic factor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC )?