Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

[Q]: Circular RNAs are a subclass of non-coding RNAs detected within mammalian cells. This study was designed to test the roles of a circular RNA circ-Foxo3 in senescence using in vitro and in vivo approaches.', 'Using the approaches of molecular and cellular biology, we show that a circular RNA generated from a member of the forkhead family of transcription factors, Foxo3, namely circ-Foxo3, was highly expressed in heart samples of aged patients and mice, which was correlated with markers of cellular senescence. Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy was aggravated by ectopic expression of circ-Foxo3 but was relieved by silencing endogenous circ-Foxo3. We also found that silencing circ-Foxo3 inhibited senescence of mouse embryonic fibroblasts and that ectopic expression of circ-Foxo3 induced senescence. We found that circ-Foxo3 was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm, where it interacted with the anti-senescent protein ID-1 and the transcription factor E2F1, as well as the anti-stress proteins FAK and HIF1α.
[A]: 1


[Q]: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of heart failure that may require heart transplantation. Approximately one third of DCM cases are familial. Next-generation DNA sequencing of large panels of candidate genes (ie, targeted sequencing) or of the whole exome can rapidly and economically identify pathogenic mutations in familial DCM.', 'We recruited 64 individuals from 26 DCM families followed at the Montreal Heart Institute Cardiovascular Genetic Center and sequenced the whole exome of 44 patients and 2 controls. Both affected and unaffected family members underwent genotyping for segregation analysis.', 'We found 2 truncating mutations in BAG3 in 4 DCM families (15%) and confirmed segregation with disease status by linkage (log of the odds [LOD] score = 3.8). BAG3 nonsense mutations conferred a worse prognosis as evidenced by a younger age of clinical onset (37 vs 48 years for carriers and noncarriers respectively; P = 0.037). We also found truncating mutations in TTN in 5 families (19%). Finally, we identified potential pathogenic mutations for 9 DCM families in 6 candidate genes (DSP, LMNA, MYH7, MYPN, RBM20, and TNNT2). We still need to confirm several of these mutations by segregation analysis.
[A]: 0


[Q]: To date, Alphavirus infections and their most prominent member, chikungunya fever, a viral disease which first became apparent in Tanzania in 1953, have been very little investigated in regions without epidemic occurrence. Few data exist on burden of disease and socio-economic and environmental covariates disposing to infection.', 'A cross-sectional seroprevalence study was undertaken in 1,215 persons from Mbeya region, South-Western Tanzania, to determine the seroprevalence of anti-Alphavirus IgG antibodies, and to investigate associated risk factors.', '18% of 1,215 samples were positive for Alphavirus IgG. Seropositivity was associated with participant age, low to intermediate elevation, flat terrain and with IgG positivity for Rift Valley fever, Flaviviridae, and rickettsiae of the spotted fever group. When comparing the geographical distribution of Alphavirus seropositivity to that of Rift Valley fever, it was obvious that Alphaviruses had spread more widely throughout the study area, while Rift Valley fever was concentrated along the shore of Lake Malawi.
[A]:
0