TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Sex Crime Re-Entry EvaluatioN 
(SCREEN) Act of 2010''.

SEC. 2. SENTENCE OF SPECIAL CONFINEMENT FOR THE PREVENTION OF SEXUAL 
              PREDATION AUTHORIZED.

    Section 3551(b) of title 18, United States Code, is amended as 
follows:
            (1) in paragraph (2) by striking ``or'';
            (2) in paragraph (3) by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; or'';
            (3) inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
            ``(4) in the case of certain offenses, a term of special 
        confinement for the prevention of sexual predation as 
        authorized by subchapter E.''; and
            (4) adding after ``in addition to any other sentence.'' the 
        following: ``A sentence to a term of special confinement for 
        the prevention of sexual predation may be imposed in addition 
        to a sentence to a term of imprisonment.''.

SEC. 3. SENTENCE OF SPECIAL CONFINEMENT FOR THE PREVENTION OF SEXUAL 
              PREDATION.

    Chapter 227 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:

   ``SUBCHAPTER E--SPECIAL CONFINEMENT FOR THE PREVENTION OF SEXUAL 
                               PREDATION

``3587a. Sentence of special confinement for the prevention of sexual 
                            predation.
``3587b. Effect of finality of judgment.
``3587c. Right to hearing.
``3587d. Hearings to determine status as a sexually dangerous person.
``3587e. Commencement of sentence.
``3587f. Definitions.
``3587g. Implementation of a sentence of special confinement for the 
                            prevention of sexual predation.
``Sec. 3587a. Sentence of special confinement for the prevention of 
              sexual predation
    ``(a) In General.--The court may sentence to a term of special 
confinement for the prevention of sexual predation a defendant who--
            ``(1) has been found guilty of a qualifying offense; and
            ``(2) has been sentenced to a term of imprisonment for that 
        qualifying offense.
    ``(b) Qualifying Offenses.--For purposes of this section, a 
qualifying offense is any of the following:
            ``(1) An offense under section 2241.
            ``(2) An offense under section 2242.
            ``(3) An offense under section 2245.
            ``(4) An offense under section 2251(e).
    ``(c) Authorized Terms.--The authorized term of special confinement 
for the prevention of sexual predation is for the duration of the 
defendant's life.
``Sec. 3587b. Effect of finality of judgment
    ``Notwithstanding the fact that a sentence to a term of special 
confinement for the prevention of sexual predation can subsequently 
be--
            ``(1) corrected under rule 35 of the Federal Rules of 
        Criminal Procedure and section 3742; or
            ``(2) appealed and modified under section 3742;
 a judgment of conviction that includes such a sentence constitutes a 
final judgment for all other purposes.
``Sec. 3587c. Right to hearing
    ``The defendant shall have the right to a hearing to determine 
whether the defendant is a sexually dangerous person. That hearing 
shall be conducted not earlier than 180 days before the scheduled 
release of the defendant from the custody of the Bureau of Prisons 
after the term of imprisonment.
``Sec. 3587d. Hearings to determine status as a sexually dangerous 
              person
    ``(a) In General.--Any hearing to determine whether a person 
sentenced to a term of special confinement for the prevention of sexual 
predation is a sexually dangerous person for purposes of this 
subchapter or subchapter D of chapter 229 shall be conducted as 
provided under this section.
    ``(b) Disposition.--If the person establishes by clear and 
convincing evidence that the person is not a sexually dangerous person, 
the court shall set aside or terminate a sentence to a term of special 
confinement for the prevention of sexual predation and order the 
release of the person as soon as possible after the date that the 
person is released from the custody of the Bureau of Prisones after a 
term of imprisonment.
    ``(c) Examination and Report.--In conducting a hearing under this 
section, the court shall order an examination of the defendant by a 
licensed psychologist or psychiatrist to determine whether the person 
is a sexually dangerous person and a report on the results of that 
examination.
    ``(d) Rights of Person.--
            ``(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), a hearing under 
        this section shall be conducted in same manner as a hearing 
        under section 4247(d).
            ``(2) The person shall have the right to have the issue of 
        whether that person is a sexually dangerous person determined 
        by a jury impanelled pursuant to chapter 121 of title 28, 
        United States Code.
    ``(e) Role of the Government.--In a hearing under this section, the 
attorney for the Government may present evidence, subpoena witnesses, 
and confront and cross-examine witnesses.
``Sec. 3587e. Commencement of sentence
    ``A sentence to a term of special confinement for the prevention of 
sexual predation commences on the date that the defendant is released 
from the custody of the Bureau of Prisons after a term of imprisonment.
``Sec. 3587f. Definitions
    ``(a) In General.--Except as otherwise provided in this subchapter, 
terms used in this subchapter have the meanings given such terms in 
section 4247.
    ``(b) Sexually Dangerous Person.--For purposes of this subchapter, 
the term `sexually dangerous person' means an individual who has been 
convicted of a sexual offense that includes violent conduct as an 
element of the offense, and who suffers from a mental, behavioral, or 
emotional disorder affecting the emotional or volitional capacity which 
predisposes that individual toward engaging in violent sexual acts to a 
degree constituting such individual a menace to the health and safety 
of others.
``Sec. 3587g. Implementation of a sentence of special confinement for 
              the prevention of sexual predation
    ``The implementation of a sentence of special confinement for the 
prevention of sexual predation is governed by the provisions of 
subchapter D of chapter 229.''.

SEC. 4. POSTSENTENCE ADMINISTRATION.

    Chapter 229 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:

   ``SUBCHAPTER D--SPECIAL CONFINEMENT FOR THE PREVENTION OF SEXUAL 
                               PREDATION

``3631. Special confinement for the prevention of sexual predation.
``3632. Annual hearings.
``3633. Definitions.
``Sec. 3631. Special confinement for the prevention of sexual predation
    ``(a) In General.--A person who has been sentenced to a term of 
special confinement for the prevention of sexual predation pursuant to 
the provisions of subchapter E of chapter 227 shall be treated as 
provided under subsection (b). The person shall be committed to the 
custody of the Attorney General until--
            ``(1) the expiration of the term imposed;
            ``(2) the earlier release of the person pursuant to a 
        hearing under section 3587d; or
            ``(3) the transfer of that person to the custody of a State 
        pursuant to subsection (c).
    ``(b) Placement in a Suitable Facility.--If no State assumes 
custody and responsibility of the defendant under subsection (c), the 
Attorney General shall place the defendant in a suitable facility for 
treatment.
    ``(c) State Custody.--If the State in which the person was 
domiciled or tried will assume custody of the person and responsibility 
for carrying out the sentence of special confinement for the prevention 
of sexual predation in a manner consistent with the conditions 
described in section 3632, the Attorney General shall commit the 
defendant to the custody of that State. The Attorney General shall make 
every reasonable effort to cause that State to assume such custody and 
responsibility.
``Sec. 3632. Annual hearings
    ``(a) Commenced by Confined Person.--The confined person has the 
right to not more than one hearing under section 3587d to determine 
whether the confined person is a sexually dangerous person for each 
year that person is confined.
    ``(b) Commenced by Supervisor Certification.--Not more than once 
each year, the supervisor of the facility in which the confined person 
is confined may commence a hearing under section 3587d to determine 
whether the confined person is a sexually dangerous person by filing 
with the court a certificate stating that the supervisor believes that 
person is not a sexually dangerous person.
``Sec. 3633. Definitions
    ``Terms used in this subchapter have the same meanings as terms 
under subchapter E of chapter 227.''.

SEC. 5. SENTENCE OF SPECIAL CONFINEMENT FOR THE PREVENTION OF SEXUAL 
              PREDATION IMPOSED FOR CERTAIN OFFENSES.

    (a) Aggravated Sexual Abuse.--Section 2241 of title 18, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Additional Punishment.--Whoever commits an offense under this 
section and is sentenced to a term of imprisonment shall, in addition, 
be punished by special confinement for the prevention of sexual 
predation for life.''.
    (b) Sexual Abuse.--Section 2242 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following: ``Whoever commits an 
offense under this section and is sentenced to a term of imprisonment 
shall, in addition, be punished by special confinement for the 
prevention of sexual predation for life.''.
    (c) Offenses Resulting in Death.--Section 2245(a) of title 18, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: 
``Whoever commits an offense under this section and is sentenced to a 
term of imprisonment shall, in addition, be punished by special 
confinement for the prevention of sexual predation for life.''.
    (d) Sexual Exploitation of Children.--Section 2251(e) of title 18, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: 
``Whoever commits an offense under this section and is sentenced to a 
term of imprisonment shall, in addition, be punished by special 
confinement for the prevention of sexual predation for life.''.

SOLUTION: Sex Crime Re-Entry EvaluatioN (SCREEN) Act of 2010 - Amends the federal criminal code to allow a court to impose on a defendant who has been convicted of a serious sex crime, including aggravated sexual abuse, sex-related murder, and sexual exploitation of children, a term of special confinement, in addition to the sentence for the underlying crime, to prevent sexual predation. Authorizes the term of such confinement to be the life of the defendant. Allows such defendant the right to one hearing per year after confinement to determine whether such defendant is a sexually dangerous person.

PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Early Education Employee Benefit Act 
of 2002''.

SEC. 2. AUTHORITY TO MAKE GRANTS.

    The Secretary of Health and Human Services may make grants on a 
competitive basis, and payable during a period of not less than 2 years 
and not more than 5 years, to eligible States and political 
subdivisions of States--
            (1) to establish innovative partnerships with private 
        partners to reduce the cost incurred by employees and union 
        members to obtain early education (including child care, 
        preschool, and other early childhood programs), or
            (2) to assist private partners to pay part of the cost of 
        acquiring, building, and renovating physical premises to be 
        used as new early education facilities.

SEC. 3. ELIGIBILITY OF STATES AND POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS OF STATES TO 
              RECEIVE GRANTS.

    To be eligible to receive a grant under section 2, a State or a 
political subdivision of a State shall submit to the Secretary an 
application at such time, in such form, and containing such information 
as the Secretary may require by rule, including--
            (1) the agency designated by the State, or the political 
        subdivision of a State, to serve as the lead agency that will 
        administer such grant,
            (2) a description of the program such applicant intends to 
        carry out with such grant,
            (3) a description of the source, and increasing annual 
        amount, of the funds such applicant will use to pay the non-
        Federal share of the cost to carry out such program during a 
        period not less than 2 years and not more than 5 years, and
            (4) an agreement that such State or such political 
        subdivision--
                    (A) will contribute (from non-Federal funds) to 
                carry out such program, an amount equal to 50 percent 
                of the amount of such grant,
                    (B) will not require a private partner to offer on-
                site early education as a condition for participation 
                in an Early Education Benefit Agreement, and
                    (C) will use such grant to supplement, not 
                supplant, spending by such State, such political 
                subdivision, and private partners to improve access to 
                and enhance the quality of early education.

SEC. 4. SELECTION OF APPLICANTS TO RECEIVE GRANTS.

    In making grants under this Act, the Secretary shall give priority 
to eligible applicants that--
            (1) are, in the judgment of the Secretary, most likely to 
        increase the number of employees and members who receive an 
        Early Education Benefit through their employers and unions,
            (2) propose innovative public-private partnerships that 
        will carry out early education programs that are likely to be 
        replicated,
            (3) are likely to be sustainable beyond the period during 
        which such grant is expended,
            (4) are developed in consultation with child care resource 
        and referral agencies and networks, and with employers and 
        unions,
            (5) demonstrate the intention and ability to provide--
                    (A) with funds to be expended for the use described 
                in section 5(1), Early Education Benefits through Early 
                Education Benefit Agreements to a significant number of 
                employees of private employers with fewer than 50 
                employees, or
                    (B) with funds to be expended for the use described 
                in section 5(2), Early Education Start-up Grants to 
                private employers with fewer than 50 employees, and
                    (6) have experience working on early childhood 
                issues and working in partnership with the business 
                community, or have an agreement to implement the 
                program funded by a grant made under section 2 through 
                a nonprofit entity with such experience.

SEC. 5. USES OF FUNDS.

    A recipient of a grant made under section 2 shall use such grant--
            (1) to enter into Early Education Benefit Agreements to 
        provide Early Education Benefits, or
            (2) to provide funds to private partners to establish new 
        early education facilities,
except that not more than 5 percent of such grant may be used to pay 
administrative costs incurred by such recipient to carry out this Act, 
including providing outreach to private partners.

SEC. 6. EARLY EDUCATION BENEFIT AGREEMENTS.

    (a) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive funds to be used for 
the purpose specified in section 5(1) from a grant made under section 
2, a private partner, or consortia of private partners, shall enter 
into an Early Education Benefit Agreement with the recipient of such 
grant that includes the following:
            (1) An assurance that such private partner, or such 
        consortia, will pay not less than--
                    (A) \1/3\ of the cost of such Early Education 
                Benefit, or
                    (B) \1/5\ of such cost if such private partner, or 
                such consortia, creates a new early education facility 
                that--
                            (i) serves children less than 2 years of 
                        age or children with disabilities, or
                            (ii) is available during nontraditional 
                        work hours.
            (2) An assurance that such private partner, or such 
        consortia, shall offer such Early Education Benefit on a 
        priority basis to such employees or such members who have lower 
        incomes if such Early Education Benefit is not offered to all 
        such employees or all such members.
            (3) An assurance that if such private partner, or such 
        consortia, requires that such Early Education Benefit received 
        by an employee or member be expended at a limited number of 
        sites where early education (including child care, preschool, 
        and other early childhood programs) is provided, then 
there shall be at least 1 provider of early education (including child 
care, preschool, and other early childhood programs) for which such 
Early Education Benefit may be expended, that is--
                    (A) located at or near the residence or place of 
                employment of such employee or such member, and
                    (B) accredited by the National Association for the 
                Education of Young Children or the National Association 
                for Family Child Care, or taking steps to obtain such 
                accreditation.
            (4) An assurance that early education paid for in whole or 
        in part by such Early Education Benefit will be provided by a 
        provider that is licensed or regulated by the State.
            (5) A detailed description of--
                    (i) the nature of the Early Education Benefit to be 
                provided,
                    (ii) the respective financial contributions of such 
                private partner, or such consortia, and such grant 
                recipient, and the procedures by which such 
                contributions will be made,
                    (iii) the number of employees or members expected 
                to receive the Early Education Benefit provided under 
                such Agreement, and
                    (iv) the estimated total cost of such Benefit to 
                such private partner (or such consortia), such grant 
                recipient, and such employees or such members.
    (b) Selection of Private Partners To Enter Into Early Education 
Benefit Agreements.--In selecting private partners with which to enter 
into Early Education Benefit Agreements, a recipient of a grant made 
under section 2 shall give priority to--
            (1) private partners that will make larger financial 
        contributions to the Early Education Benefit,
            (2) private partners with fewer employees or members,
            (3) private partners that will make an Early Education 
        Benefit available to employees and members on a sliding scale 
        inversely proportional to their level of earned income, and
            (4) private partners that have a history of personnel 
        policies and practices that enable their employees or their 
        members to balance work commitments with family obligations.

SEC. 7. EARLY EDUCATION START-UP GRANTS.

    (a) Eligibility To Receive Funds.--To be eligible to receive funds 
for the use specified in section 5(2) from a grant made under section 
2, a private partner shall agree--
            (1) to subsidize attendance at the proposed new early 
        education facility for children of lower-paid employees or 
        members, and
            (2) to pay not less than \1/3\ of the cost of acquiring, 
        building, and renovating physical premises to be used as such 
        facility.
    (b) Selection of Private Partners To Receive Funds.--In providing 
funds to private partners from a grant received for the use specified 
in section 5(2), a recipient of a grant made under section 2 shall give 
priority to--
            (1) private partners that will create a facility to provide 
        early education that--
                    (A) serves children less than 2 years of age or 
                children with disabilities, or
                    (B) is available during nontraditional hours during 
                which their parents are employed,
            (2) private partners that will operate such a facility that 
        is accredited, has a low ratio of children to adults, or 
        demonstrates other facts that show such facility offers an 
        early education program of high quality,
            (3) private partners that will pay with nongovernmental 
        funds a larger share of the cost of the use for which the Early 
        Education Start-up Grant funds will be expended,
            (4) private partners that have fewer employees or members, 
        and
            (5) private partners that have a history of personnel 
        policies and practices that enable their employees or members 
        to balance work commitments with family obligations.

SEC. 8. REPORTS.

    (a) Reports by Grantees.--The Secretary shall issue rules that 
require each recipient of a grant made under section 2 to submit 
annually to the Secretary a report that includes the following 
information for the fiscal year for which such report is submitted:
            (1) The number of Early Education Benefit Agreements 
        participated in and Start-Up Grants made.
            (2) Information about the private partners, including the 
        industry of which they are a part and their size.
            (3) Information about the number of employees who are both 
        offered and are receiving Early Education Benefits as a result 
        of such grant,including the number and average incomes of 
        employees who are receiving Early Education Benefits and the 
        number of employees who were offered and declined Early 
        Education Benefits.
            (4) Information about the amount of private spending on 
        Early Education Benefits and on the investment in new early 
        education facilities leveraged by the grants.
            (5) If appropriate and available, information about whether 
        and at what level private partners have continued to provide 
        Early Education Benefits after the conclusion of the grantee's 
        participation in an Early Education Benefit Agreement.
    (b) Reports by the Secretary.--The Secretary shall submit to the 
Congress biennially a report that includes the following information 
for the period of 2 fiscal years for which such report is submitted:
            (1) Summaries of the reports received under subsection (a) 
        by the Secretary for such period.
            (2) A description of the implementation of this Act, and 
        its impact on employees' access to early education programs for 
        their children, during such period.

SEC. 9. DEFINITIONS.

    For purposes of this Act:
            (1) Child.--The term ``child'' means an individual who is 
        less that 6 years of age.
            (2) Early Education Benefit.--The term ``Early Education 
        Benefit'' means assistance, in cash or in kind, to pay any part 
        of the cost incurred by employees and union members to obtain 
        early education (including child care, preschool, and other 
        early childhood programs) for their children.
            (3) Early Education Benefit Agreement.--The term ``Early 
        Education Benefit Agreement'' means a contract under which a 
        recipient of a grant under section 2 and a private partner that 
        receives from such recipient funds provided for the use 
        described in section 5(1) agree to provide jointly an Early 
        Education Benefit for children of the members or employees of 
        such private partner.
            (4) Private Partner.--The term ``private partner'' means a 
        private employer, labor union, and consortia of employers or 
        labor unions.
            (5) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Health and Human Services.

SEC. 10. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this Act such 
sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 2003 through 2007.

SOLUTION: Early Education Employee Benefit Act of 2002 - Authorizes the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to make competitive matching grants to States and local governments to: (1) enter Early Education Benefit Agreements with private partners to provide part of the cost of Early Education Benefits, which reduce costs incurred by employees and union members to obtain early education (including child care, preschool, and other early childhood programs); or (2) make Early Education Start-Up Grants to assist private partners to pay part of the cost of acquiring, building, and renovating physical premises to be used as new early education facilities, if such partners subsidize attendance at those facilities for children of lower-paid employees or union members.

PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Viral Hepatitis Testing Act of 
2011''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Approximately 5,300,000 Americans are chronically 
        infected with the hepatitis B virus (referred to in this 
        section as ``HBV''), the hepatitis C virus (referred to in this 
        section as ``HCV''), or both.
            (2) In the United States, chronic HBV and HCV are the most 
        common cause of liver cancer, one of the most lethal and 
        fastest growing cancers in the United States. Chronic HBV and 
        HCV are the most common cause of chronic liver disease, liver 
        cirrhosis, and the most common indication for liver 
        transplantation. Chronic HCV is also a leading cause of death 
        in Americans living with HIV/AIDS, many of whom are coinfected 
        with chronic HBV, HCV, or both. At least 15,000 deaths per year 
        in the United States can be attributed to chronic HBV and HCV.
            (3) According to the Centers for Disease Control and 
        Prevention (referred to in this section as the ``CDC''), 
        approximately 2 percent of the population of the United States 
        is living with chronic HBV, HCV, or both. The CDC has 
        recognized HCV as the Nation's most common chronic bloodborne 
        virus infection and HBV as the deadliest vaccine-preventable 
        disease.
            (4) HBV is easily transmitted and is 100 times more 
        infectious than HIV. According to the CDC, HBV is transmitted 
        through percutaneous (i.e., puncture through the skin) or 
        mucosal contact with infectious blood or body fluids. HCV is 
        transmitted by percutaneous exposures to infectious blood.
            (5) The CDC conservatively estimates that in 2008 
        approximately 18,000 Americans were newly infected with HCV and 
        more than 38,000 Americans were newly infected with HBV.
            (6) There were 10 outbreaks reported to CDC for 
        investigation in 2009 related to healthcare acquired infection 
        of HBV and HCV. There were another 6,748 patients potentially 
        exposed to one of the viruses.
            (7) Chronic HBV and chronic HCV usually do not cause 
        symptoms early in the course of the disease, but after many 
        years of a clinically ``silent'' phase, CDC estimates show more 
        than 33 percent of infected individuals will develop cirrhosis, 
        end-stage liver disease, or liver cancer. Since most 
        individuals with chronic HBV, HCV, or both are unaware of their 
        infection, they do not know to take precautions to prevent the 
        spread of their infection and can unknowingly exacerbate their 
        own disease progression.
            (8) HBV and HCV disproportionately affect certain 
        populations in the United States. Although representing only 5 
        percent of the population, Asian and Pacific Islanders account 
        for over half of the 1,400,000 domestic chronic HBV cases. Baby 
        boomers (those born between 1945 and 1965) account for more 
        than 75 percent of domestic chronic HCV cases. In addition, 
        African-Americans, Latinos (Latinas), and American Indian/
        Native Alaskans are among the groups which have 
        disproportionately high rates of HBV infections, HCV 
        infections, or both in the United States.
            (9) For both chronic HBV and chronic HCV, behavioral 
        changes can slow disease progression if diagnosis is made 
        early. Early diagnosis, which is determined through simple 
        diagnostic tests, can reduce the risk of transmission and 
        disease progression through education and vaccination of 
        household members and other susceptible persons at risk.
            (10) Advancements have led to the development of improved 
        diagnostic tests for viral hepatitis. These tests, including 
        rapid, point of care testing and others in development can 
        facilitate testing, notification of results and post-test 
        counseling, and referral to care at the time of the testing 
        visit. In particular, these tests are also advantageous because 
        they can be used simultaneously with HIV rapid testing for 
        persons at risk for both HCV and HIV infections.
            (11) For those chronically infected with HBV or HCV, 
        regular monitoring can lead to the early detection of liver 
        cancer at a stage where a cure is still possible. Liver cancer 
        is the second deadliest cancer in the United States however, 
        liver cancer has received little funding for research, 
        prevention, or treatment.
            (12) Treatment for chronic HCV can eradicate the disease in 
        approximately 75 percent of those currently treated. The 
        treatment of chronic HBV can effectively suppress viral 
        replication in the overwhelming majority (over 80 percent) of 
        those treated thereby reducing the risk of transmission and 
        progression to liver scarring or liver cancer even though a 
        complete cure is much less common than for HCV.
            (13) To combat the viral hepatitis epidemic in the United 
        States, in May 2011, the Department of Health and Human 
        Services released, Combating the Silent Epidemic of Viral 
        Hepatitis: Action Plan for the Prevention, Care & Treatment of 
        Viral Hepatitis. The Institute of Medicine of the National 
        Academies produced a 2010 report on the Federal response to HBV 
        and HCV titled: Hepatitis and Liver Cancer: A National Strategy 
        for Prevention and Control of Hepatitis B and C. The 
        recommendations and guidelines provide a framework for HBV and 
        HCV prevention, education, control, research, and medical 
        management programs.
            (14) The annual health care costs attributable to viral 
        hepatitis in the United States are significant. For HBV, it is 
        estimated to be approximately $2,500,000,000 ($2,000 per 
        infected person). In 2000, the lifetime cost of HBV--before the 
        availability of most of the current therapies--was 
        approximately $80,000 per chronically infected person, or more 
        than $100,000,000,000. For HCV, medical costs for patients are 
        expected to increase from $30,000,000,000 in 2009 to over 
        $85,000,000,000 in 2024. Avoiding these costs by screening and 
        diagnosing individuals earlier--and connecting them to 
        appropriate treatment and care will save lives and critical 
        health care dollars. Currently, without a comprehensive 
        screening, testing and diagnosis program, most patients are 
        diagnosed too late when they need a liver transplant costing at 
        least $314,000 for uncomplicated cases or when they have liver 
        cancer or end stage liver disease which costs between $30,980 
        to $110,576 per hospital admission. As health care costs 
        continue to grow, it is critical that the Federal Government 
        invests in effective mechanisms to avoid documented cost 
        drivers.
            (15) According to the Institute of Medicine report in 2010 
        (described in paragraph (13)), chronic HBV and HCV infections 
        cause substantial morbidity and mortality despite being 
        preventable and treatable. Deficiencies in the implementation 
        of established guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and 
        medical management of chronic HBV and HCV infections perpetuate 
        personal and economic burdens. Existing grants are not 
        sufficient for the scale of the health burden presented by HBV 
        and HCV.
            (16) Screening and testing for chronic HBV and HCV are 
        aligned with the Healthy People 2020 goal to increase 
        immunization rates and reduce preventable infectious diseases. 
        Awareness of disease and access to prevention and treatment 
        remain essential components for reducing infectious disease 
        transmission.
            (17) Federal support is necessary to increase knowledge and 
        awareness of HBV and HCV and to assist State and local 
        prevention and control efforts in reducing the morbidity and 
        mortality of these epidemics.
            (18) The Secretary of Health and Human Services has the 
        discretion to carry out this Act directly and through whichever 
        of the agencies of the Public Health Service the Secretary 
        determines to be appropriate, which may (in the Secretary's 
        discretion) include the Centers for Disease Control and 
        Prevention, the Health Resources and Services Administration, 
        the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 
        the National Institutes of Health (including the National 
        Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities), and other 
        agencies of such Service.

SEC. 3. REVISION AND EXTENSION OF HEPATITIS SURVEILLANCE, EDUCATION, 
              AND TESTING PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 317N of the Public Health Service Act (42 
U.S.C. 247b-15) is amended--
            (1) by amending the heading to read as follows: 
        ``surveillance, education, and testing regarding hepatitis 
        virus'';
            (2) by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) as subsections 
        (d) and (e), respectively; and
            (3) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall, in accordance with this 
section, carry out surveillance, education, and testing programs with 
respect to hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections (referred to in 
this section as `HBV' and `HCV', respectively). The Secretary may carry 
out such programs directly and through grants to public and nonprofit 
private entities, including States, political subdivisions of States, 
territories, Indian tribes, and public-private partnerships.
    ``(b) National System.--In carrying out subsection (a), the 
Secretary shall cooperate with States and other public or nonprofit 
private entities to seek to establish a national system with respect to 
HBV and HCV with the following goals:
            ``(1) To determine the incidence and prevalence of such 
        infections, including providing for the reporting of chronic 
        cases.
            ``(2) With respect to the population of individuals who 
        have such an infection, to carry out testing programs to 
        increase the number of individuals who are aware of their 
        infection to 50 percent by 2014 and to 75 percent by 2016.
            ``(3) To develop and disseminate public information and 
        education programs for the detection and control of such 
        infections, with priority given to changing behaviors that 
        place individuals at risk of infection.
            ``(4) To provide appropriate referrals for counseling and 
        medical treatment of infected individuals and to ensure, to the 
        extent practicable, the provision of appropriate follow-up 
        services.
            ``(5) To improve the education, training, and skills of 
        health professionals in the detection, control, and treatment 
        of such infections, with priority given to pediatricians and 
        other primary care physicians, and obstetricians and 
        gynecologists.
    ``(c) High-Risk Populations; Chronic Cases.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall determine the 
        populations that, for purposes of this section, are considered 
        at high-risk for HBV or HCV. The Secretary shall include the 
        following among those considered at high-risk:
                    ``(A) For HBV, individuals born in countries in 
                which 2 percent or more of the population has HBV.
                    ``(B) For HCV, individuals born between 1945 and 
                1965.
                    ``(C) Those who have been exposed to the blood of 
                infected individuals or of high-risk individuals, are 
                family members of such individuals, or are sexual 
                partners of such individuals.
            ``(2) Priority in programs.--In providing for programs 
        under subsection (b), the Secretary shall give priority--
                    ``(A) to early diagnosis of chronic cases of HBV or 
                HCV in high-risk populations under paragraph (1); and
                    ``(B) to education, and referrals for counseling 
                and medical treatment, for individuals diagnosed under 
                subparagraph (A) in order to--
                            ``(i) reduce their risk of dying from end-
                        stage liver disease and liver cancer, and of 
                        transmitting the infection to others;
                            ``(ii) determine the appropriateness for 
                        treatment to reduce the risk of progression to 
                        cirrhosis and liver cancer;
                            ``(iii) receive ongoing medical management, 
                        including regular monitoring of liver function 
                        and screenings for liver cancer;
                            ``(iv) receive, as appropriate, drug, 
                        alcohol abuse, and mental health treatment;
                            ``(v) in the case of women of childbearing 
                        age, receive education on how to prevent HBV 
                        perinatal infection, and to alleviate fears 
                        associated with pregnancy or raising a family; 
                        and
                            ``(vi) receive such other services as the 
                        Secretary determines to be appropriate.
            ``(3) Cultural context.--In providing for services pursuant 
        to paragraph (2) for individuals who are diagnosed under 
        subparagraph (A) of such paragraph, the Secretary shall seek to 
        ensure that the services are provided in a culturally and 
        linguistically appropriate manner.''.
    (b) Coordination of Development of Federal Screening Guidelines.--
            (1) References.--For purposes of this subsection, the term 
        ``CDC Director'' means the Director of the Centers for Disease 
        Control and Prevention, and the term ``AHRQ Director'' means 
        the Director of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
            (2) HCV guidelines; centers for disease control and 
        prevention.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than March 1, 2012, the 
                CDC Director shall complete the revision of the 
                guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and 
                Prevention for screening individuals for the hepatitis 
                C virus infection (in this section referred to as 
                ``HCV''), and shall transmit a copy of the guidelines 
                to the AHRQ Director. The scope of the revised 
                guidelines shall include testing for HCV that is 
                carried out under section 317N of the Public Health 
                Service Act (42 U.S.C. 247b-15), as amended by 
                subsection (a).
                    (B) Certain factors.--In revising guidelines 
                pursuant to subparagraph (A), the CDC Director shall 
                take into account--
                            (i) the effectiveness issues that have been 
                        raised with respect to the current guidelines 
                        of the Centers for Disease Control and 
                        Prevention for screenings for HCV;
                            (ii) the importance of responding to the 
                        perception that receiving such screenings may 
                        be stigmatizing; and
                            (iii) whether age-based screenings would be 
                        effective, considering the use of that approach 
                        in breast and colon cancer screenings.
            (3) Agency for healthcare research and quality.--
                    (A) HCV guidelines.--The AHRQ Director shall, in 
                developing the recommendations for screenings for HCV 
                that the AHRQ Director will provide to the Preventive 
                Services Task Force under section 915(a) of the Public 
                Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 299b-4(a)), take into 
                account--
                            (i) the guidelines established pursuant to 
                        paragraph (2) by the CDC Director; and
                            (ii) new and improved treatments for HCV.
                    (B) HBV guidelines.--The AHRQ Director shall, in 
                developing the recommendations for screenings for the 
                hepatitis B virus infection (in this section referred 
                to as ``HBV'') that the AHRQ Director will provide to 
                the Preventive Services Task Force referred to in 
                subparagraph (A), take into account the guidelines for 
                screenings for HBV that the CDC Director recommended in 
                2008.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Subsection (e) of section 
317N of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 247b-15), as 
redesignated by subsection (a)(2) of this section, is amended to read 
as follows:
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--For the purpose of testing, education, 
        and referrals under this section, there are authorized to be 
        appropriated $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2012, $35,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 2013, $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2014, and 
        $15,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2015 and 2016.
            ``(2) Grants.--Of the amounts appropriated under paragraph 
        (1) for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall reserve not less 
        than 80 percent for making grants under subsection (a).''.
    (d) Savings Provision.--The amendments made by this section shall 
not be construed to require termination of any program or activity 
carried out by the Secretary of Health and Human Services under section 
317N of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 247b-15) as in effect 
on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act.

SOLUTION:
Viral Hepatitis Testing Act of 2011 - Amends the Public Health Service Act to require the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to carry out surveillance, education, and testing programs with respect to hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) virus infections.

Requires the Secretary to establish a national system with respect to HBV and HCV to: (1) determine the prevalence of such infections, (2) carry out testing programs to increase the number of individuals who are aware of their infection, (3) disseminate public information and education programs for the detection and control of such infections, (4) provide referrals for counseling and medical treatment and ensure the provision of follow-up services, and (5) improve the training of health professionals in the treatment of such infections. Directs the Secretary to determine the populations that are considered at high risk.

Requires the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to complete the revision of CDC guidelines for screening individuals with HCV, taking into account: (1) the effectiveness issues that have been raised with respect to the current CDC guidelines for screening, (2) the importance of responding to the perception that receiving such screening may be stigmatizing, and (3) whether age-based screening would be effective.

Requires the Director of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) to: (1) develop HCV screening recommendations, taking into account the guidelines established by CDC and new and improved treatments for HCV; and (2) develop HBV screening recommendations, taking into account the guidelines the CDC recommended in 2008.