Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[Q]: Context: Corticosteroids are a critical component of therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) but are associated with late effects, such as osteoporosis. Risk factors remain poorly defined. Because CRHR1 polymorphisms have been associated with other corticosteroid effects, our goal was to define whether CRHR1 polymorphisms predict which patients with ALL are likely to develop bone mineral deficits.', 'The mean bone mineral density z scores of 309 long-term survivors of ALL were determined by quantitative computed tomography of the trabecular lumbar spine. We analyzed whether CRHR1 genotypes, adjusted for sex, ALL treatment regimen, and weight, could predict bone density.', 'We found that three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), all in linkage disequilibrium, were associated with bone density in a sex-specific manner. Bone density was lower in males (P = .001), in nonblack patients (P < .08), in those who were not overweight (P < .001), and in those who received intensive antimetabolites and glucocorticoids (P < .001). After adjustment for these features, the G allele at the rs1876828 SNP was associated with lower z scores (P = .02) in males but tended to have the opposite association in females (P = .09).
Answer: CRHR1 polymorphisms may impact the risk of bone density deficits in patients treated with corticosteroids and antimetabolites in a sex-specific manner.
[A]: Do cRHR1 polymorphisms predict bone density in survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia?


[Q]: Context: MicroRNAs play important roles in regulation of the initiation and progression of AML. MiR-210 is closely related with cancer development; however, whether miR-210 expression level correlates with clinical correlation in AML is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential relationship between miR-210 expression and AML prognosis.', 'Real-time quantitative PCR was carried out to examine the expression level of miR-210 in bone marrow and serum obtained from AML patients and healthy controls. Then the correlation between miR-210 expression and a variety of important clinical parameters (such as overall survival, relapse-free survival, and prognostic value) were further studied.', 'The expression level of miR-210 was significantly higher in the bone marrow and serum of AML patients than that of healthy controls (p<0.001). Moreover, miR-210 expression was associated with various AML clinicopathological parameters, including FAB classification and cytogenetics. The serum miR-210 expression level was reduced significantly when the patients achieved complete remission (p=0.02). The high miR-210 expression group had both poorer relapse-free survival (p=0.015) and worse overall survival (p=0.008). In the multivariate analysis model, miR-210 was identified as an independent prognostic marker.
Answer: MiR-210 up-regulation was associated with poor prognosis in AML and it might be useful as a marker for predicting the clinical outcome of AML patients.
[A]: Is overexpression of miR-210 Associated with Poor Prognosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia?


[Q]: Context: Bracing is a common treatment for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and is recommended for most skeletally immature patients with a curve of 25-45° in order to prevent or delay curve progression. The aim of this study was to determine at which body habitus orthotic management for AIS becomes less effective. We hypothesize that overweight children are more likely to fail brace treatment.', 'This was a retrospective cohort study involving consecutive patients with AIS treated with a thoracolumbosacral orthosis at a large pediatric tertiary care center. Patients were divided into three groups based on BMI: (1) high-BMI group (BMI >85th percentile); (2) low-BMI group (BMI <20th percentile); (3) mid-BMI group (BMI 20th-85th percentile). Successful orthotic treatment was defined as an increase in the primary curve of <5°, prevention of progression past 45°, and avoidance of surgery.', 'The study cohort comprised 182 patients with a mean age of 12.5\xa0years at brace prescription and a mean follow-up of 2\xa0years. Compared to the mid-BMI group, high- and low-BMI patients were significantly more likely to fail orthotic management. The association between high-BMI and orthotic failure disappeared when compliance and in-brace correction were taken into account, but the association between low-BMI and each poor outcome remained significant.
Answer: Based on our results, children on either end of the BMI spectrum are more likely to fail brace treatment for scoliosis than their mid-BMI counterparts. In high-BMI patients, this appears to be in large part attributable to an inadequacy of in-brace curve correction as well as to poorer brace compliance, while a low BMI appears to be an independent risk factor for brace failure.
[A]:
's it just the big kids : both high and low BMI impact bracing success for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?