In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

[Q]: Context: Extracellular hemoglobin and cell-free heme are toxic breakdown products of hemolyzed erythrocytes. Mammals synthesize the scavenger proteins haptoglobin and hemopexin, which bind extracellular hemoglobin and heme, respectively. Transfusion of packed red blood cells is a lifesaving therapy for patients with hemorrhagic shock. Because erythrocytes undergo progressive deleterious morphological and biochemical changes during storage, transfusion of packed red blood cells that have been stored for prolonged intervals (SRBCs; stored for 35-40 days in humans or 14 days in mice) increases plasma levels of cell-free hemoglobin and heme. Therefore, in patients with hemorrhagic shock, perfusion-sensitive organs such as the kidneys are challenged not only by hypoperfusion but also by the high concentrations of plasma hemoglobin and heme that are associated with the transfusion of SRBCs.', 'To test whether treatment with exogenous human haptoglobin or hemopexin can ameliorate adverse effects of resuscitation with SRBCs after 2 hours of hemorrhagic shock, mice that received SRBCs were given a coinfusion of haptoglobin, hemopexin, or albumin.', 'Treatment with haptoglobin or hemopexin but not albumin improved the survival rate and attenuated SRBC-induced inflammation. Treatment with haptoglobin retained free hemoglobin in the plasma and prevented SRBC-induced hemoglobinuria and kidney injury. In mice resuscitated with fresh packed red blood cells, treatment with haptoglobin, hemopexin, or albumin did not cause harmful effects.\Question: Does haptoglobin or Hemopexin Therapy prevent Acute Adverse Effects of Resuscitation After Prolonged Storage of Red Cells?
[A]: In mice, the adverse effects of transfusion with SRBCs after hemorrhagic shock are ameliorated by treatment with either haptoglobin or hemopexin. Haptoglobin infusion prevents kidney injury associated with high plasma hemoglobin concentrations after resuscitation with SRBCs. Treatment with the naturally occurring human plasma proteins haptoglobin or hemopexin may have beneficial effects in conditions of severe hemolysis after prolonged hypotension.


[Q]: Context: By using the techniques of PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), we established a classification method for HBV genome based on viral S gene of asymptomatic HBV carriers (AsC).', 'By using this method we classified HBV DNA of AsC living in Guangzhou, Shenyang, Beijing and Chongqing.', 'Among the AsC of Guangzhou, genotype B was 32.8%, genotype C 42.7%, mixed genotypes B and C 23.0%, others 1.6%; among the AsC of Chongqing, genotype B was 35.0%, genotype C 40.0%, mixed genotypes B and C 25.0%; among the AsC of Beijing, genotype B was 25.0%, genotype C 50.0%, mixed genotypes B and C 25.0%; among the AsC of Shenyang, genotype B was 11.1%, genotype C 88.9%. The prevalent HBV strains in China are genotype C and genotype B, and genotype C is the main genotype in west China.\Question: Does [ Establishment of a method for classification of HBV genome and it 's application ]?
[A]: The established method for genotyping is simple and convenient. Using this method, we also classified HBV DNA of the patients with chronic hepatitis B and liver cirrhosis living in Guangzhou, and found that mixed genotypes B and C was in 50.0% of the patients detected, suggesting the mixed infection might lead to a severe damage of the liver tissue.


[Q]: Context: To investigate the specific role of Frizzled-related protein (FRZB) and Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) in the onset and progression of Osteoarthritis (OA) using Frzb(-/-) and Sfrp1(-/-) mice in the destabilization of medial meniscus model (DMM), a slowly progressing model of OA. Secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) were identified as secreted Wingless-type (Wnt) antagonists. The Wnt signaling cascade is a major regulator in cartilage development, homeostasis and degeneration.', 'The DMM model was surgically induced in eight-week-old male C57/Bl6 Frzb(-/-), Sfrp1(-/-) or wild-type mice by transection of the medial meniscotibial ligament. Cartilage damage in the femoral and tibial articular surfaces was calculated following the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) histopathology initiative guidelines. Histomorphometry was used to evaluate the subchondral bone plate thickness.', 'OA severity scores were significantly higher in the tibia of Frzb(-/-) mice as compared to littermates, whereas no interaction was seen between genotype and intervention in Sfrp1(-/-) mice. Moreover, the DMM model resulted in significantly greater subchondral bone changes compared to sham but was not different between Frzb(-/-) mice and littermates. In contrast, the subchondral bone properties in Sfrp1(-/-) mice were significantly different from littermates.\Question: Does loss of Frzb and Sfrp1 differentially affect joint homeostasis in instability-induced osteoarthritis?
[A]:
Using the DMM model, we demonstrated that FRZB and SFRP1 differentially modulate joint homeostasis in two distinct compartments of the joint. These data highlight the fine-tuning of Wnt signaling in joint homeostasis and disease, show differential regulation of the cascade in cartilage and subchondral bone, and provide further evidence for a role of endogenous Wnt modulators as key players in OA.