In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

In 2010, this country opened the Monument of African Renaissance, which was built by North Korean\n laborers and which this country's president claimed a thirty-five percent commission on because it was his\n idea. With its smaller neighbor, this country is the site of over 1,000 stone circles used to mark burial\n mounds. Locations in this country that played an important role in the slave trade include Saint-Louis and\n the site of the Maison des Esclaves, the island of Goree. The Gambia is almost entirely surrounded by this\n country. For 10 points, name this country, home to the westernmost point in Africa and the city of Dakar.
Social Science

A version of spectroscopy that is free of one form of this effect uses a standing wave to give radiation to a moving atom and is named for its two-photon transition. Due to this effect, atoms observe laser resonance leading to the phenomenon of optical molasses at its namesake cooling limit. Mossbauer spectroscopy uses this effect to modulate the energy of the incident gamma rays. An experiment that used a canal ray tube and a mirror to view light emissions was used to detect the transverse form of this effect, while its relativistic form involves changes equal to the square root of one plus beta over one minus beta. For 10 points, name this shift in the wavelength from a moving source that can be heard by an observer.
Science

One of these beings from a non-fictional religion carries a staff with jingling rings and is called "Lord of the Six Paths." Another of these individuals has thousands of arms behind him arranged like peacock feathers and received ten extra heads to redeem the wicked. The Chinese goddess Kannon derives from the most compassionate of these beings, (*) Avalokiteshvara (uh-VAH-low-kee-tesh-VAH-ruh). Although their self-sacrifice is celebrated in China and Japan, becoming one of these individuals is less admirable than becoming an arhat in Theravada tradition. For 10 points, name these idealized humans in Mahayana Buddhism who return to earth after achieving enlightenment.

Social Science