In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

Q: ""a defendant is entitled to  a jury trial . . . only if he can demonstrate"" that those penalties - which consist of ""the maximum authorized period of incarceration"" together with ""any additional statutory penalties"" - ""are so severe that they clearly reflect a legislative determination that the offense in question is a 'serious' one.""

A: non-overruling
****
Q: we see no abuse of discretion, and we therefore affirm the admission of dr. parran's expert testimony.

A: non-overruling
****
Q: see jaghory v. new york state dep't of educ., 131 f.3d 326, 329 (2d cir. 1997).

A:
non-overruling
****