In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Ex Input:
Context: In this study, we compared the diagnostic performance of the standard SPECT with motion-frozen (MF) myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) in obese patients.', 'A total of 90 consecutive obese patients (body mass index, 30.1-46.8, average, 34.3 +/- 3.6; age, 63 +/- 12 y; 30% women) underwent standard supine rest (201)Tl/stress (99m)Tc dual-isotope gated MPS and cardiac catheterization within 3 mo. MF images were obtained by nonlinear warping of cardiac phases to the end-diastolic position. Total perfusion deficit (TPD) was obtained for summed (S-TPD) and motion-frozen (MF-TPD) datasets with sex-specific standard and MF normal limits.', 'The area under the receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curve for detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) by MF-TPD was significantly larger than that for S-TPD (0.93 +/- 0.25 vs. 0.88 +/- 0.32, P < 0.05). MF-TPD had higher specificity (77% vs. 55%, P < 0.05) and accuracy (89% vs. 80%, P < 0.05) than did S-TPD.\Question: Does motion-frozen myocardial perfusion SPECT improve detection of coronary artery disease in obese patients?

Ex Output:
MF processing of MPS improves CAD detection in obese patients.


Ex Input:
Context: Poultry remains a major source of foodborne bacterial infections. A variety of additives with presumed anti-microbial and/or growth-promoting effects are commonly added to poultry feed during commercial grow-out, yet the effects of these additives on the gastrointestinal microbial community (the GI microbiome) as the bird matures remain largely unknown. Here we compared temporal changes in the cecal microbiome to the effects of formic acid, propionic acid, and medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) added to feed and/or drinking water.', 'Cecal bacterial communities at day of hatch (n\u2009=\u20095 birds), 7d (n\u2009=\u200932), 21d (n\u2009=\u200927), and 42d (n\u2009=\u200936) post-hatch were surveyed using direct 454 sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons from each bird in combination with cultivation-based recovery of a Salmonella Typhimurium marker strain and quantitative-PCR targeting Clostridium perfringens. Treatment effects on specific pathogens were generally non-significant. S. Typhimurium introduced by oral gavage at day of hatch was recovered by cultivation from nearly all birds sampled across treatments at 7d and 21d, but by 42d, S. Typhimurium was only recovered from ca. 25% of birds, regardless of treatment. Sequencing data also revealed non-significant treatment effects on genera containing known pathogens and on the cecal microbiome as a whole. In contrast, temporal changes in the cecal microbiome were dramatic, highly significant, and consistent across treatments. At 7d, the cecal community was dominated by three genera (Flavonifractor, Pseudoflavonifractor, and a Lachnospiracea sequence type) that accounted for more than half of sequences. By 21d post-hatch, a single genus (Faecalibacterium) accounted for 23-55% of sequences, and the number of Clostridium 16S rRNA gene copies detected by quantitative-PCR reached a maximum.\Question: Are successional changes in the chicken cecal microbiome during 42 days of growth independent of organic acid feed additives?

Ex Output:
Over the 42 d experiment, the cecal bacterial community changed significantly as measured by a variety of ecological metrics and increases in the complexity of co-occurrence networks. Management of poultry to improve animal health, nutrition, or food safety may need to consider the interactive effects of any treatments with the dramatic temporal shifts in the taxonomic composition of the cecal microbiome as described here.


Ex Input:
Context: Critical recurrences after radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), such as intrahepatic metastases or dissemination, and extrahepatic metastases or seeding, which are difficult to treat radically, almost certainly lead to primary cancer death. The present study aimed to clarify whether the arterial tumor enhancement pattern on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) is associated with critical recurrence and cancer death after RFA for small HCC.', 'Between April 2001 and September 2011, 226 patients with initial small hypervascular HCC (≤3 cm in diameter and ≤3 tumors) were treated by RFA. Arterial tumor enhancement patterns on CECT before RFA were categorized by whether non-enhanced areas were included inside the tumor stain.', 'The heterogeneous enhancement group included 44 patients, and the homogeneous enhancement group included 182 patients. The cumulative 5-year critical recurrence rates of the heterogeneous and homogeneous enhancement groups were 42 and 22% (p = 0.005), respectively. Univariate analysis for factors related to critical recurrence showed significant differences in sex, arterial enhancement pattern, and response to antiviral therapy. These factors were independent on multivariate analysis. The cumulative 5-year primary cancer death rates of the heterogeneous and homogeneous enhancement groups were 29 and 13% (p = 0.002), respectively. Univariate analysis for factors related to primary cancer death showed significant differences in arterial enhancement pattern and response to antiviral therapy. These factors were independent on multivariate analysis.\Question: Is the arterial tumor enhancement pattern on contrast-enhanced computed tomography associated with primary cancer death after radiofrequency ablation for small hepatocellular carcinoma?

Ex Output:

Arterial heterogeneous tumor enhancement on CECT is associated with critical recurrence and cancer death after RFA for small HCC.