TASK DEFINITION: Given a document, find the main entity about whom the author is writing. Write the full name if mentioned in the text. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
PROBLEM: Novelist Emma Cline  is counter-suing  her  ex-boyfriend's suit against  her  alleging that  she  plagiarized  her  2016 bestseller The Girls from his own work.
 Cline 's novel â which features a 60s-era Manson-like cult as seen from the perspective of its followers â stuck around for 12 weeks on the New York Times bestseller list and is the first installment in a three-book Penguin Random House deal that reportedly topped $2 million.
The former boyfriend  Chaz Reetz-Laiolo  alleges  Cline  installed spyware on her computer before selling it to him in order to record keystrokes on the computer. "Using the spyware " the complaint says  "she obtained his email password  which she then used to access and systematically surveil his private email obsessively over a period of years."
However  Emma Cline's complaint calls this "a ludicrous theory" and counters with the claim that this is just the latest in a "two-year assault on  Cline âs mental health and literary reputation" from an abusive Reetz-Laiolo. Any alleged plagiarism  the complaint states  is limited to a "few brief phrases or facts " which are not subject to copyright protection and which don't appear in the published version of the novel. Both parties are requesting the case go to trial.
Most plagiarism cases are tough to prove  and this one is made harder by both the lack of evidence and lack of copyright protections available for most of the instances of alleged plagiarism cited by Reetz-Laiolo. So why file the complaint at all? The initial 15-page letter first sent to  Cline  in February 2017 by Reetz-Laiolo's law firm Boies Schiller Flexner LLP might hold a clue: âWe believe [. . .] that it may be fruitful to engage in a confidential negotiation or mediation to determine whether our clients can reach a resolution with you rather than file our complaint â the letter states.  Cline 's argument doesn't mince words when concluding what the fruitful resolution that interests Reetz-Laiolo could turn out to be  stating his actions were "undoubtedly in the hope of a financial windfall."
One element that both parties can agree on:  Cline  did install spyware on  her  computer. According to  her  complaint   she  installed it while they were together because Reetz-Laiolo used it and  she  wanted to confirm his infidelity. Reetz-Laiolo's argument that  she  tracked his email address after selling him the laptop in 2013  after they were no longer together  hinges on the assumption that  she  somehow updated this software to allow  her  to remotely access it.
David Boies  the founder of the Boies Schiller Flexner firm  was named as an attorney in the February 2017 letter to  Cline   according to a New Yorker article on the firm  though his name does not appear in the complaint filed by Reetz-Laiolo. David Boies has also featured in another New Yorker article reporting that he and his firm worked for Harvey Weinstein to discredit women accusing Weinstein of rape. The early letter  according to the New Yorker  also claimed damages nearing $2 billion and  in a section titled âClineâs History of Manipulating Older Men â attempted to use her sexual history against her.

SOLUTION: Emma Cline

PROBLEM: Cruz 's fans say it 's because he stands on principle . 
In the three years since he arrived in the U.S. Senate , Ted Cruz has become easily the most hated man in Washington -- a fact he 's now using to his advantage as a presidential candidate . 
Is it true , as Cruz would have it , that the dreaded GOP establishment pays lip service to shrinking the federal government and repealing Obamacare , but actually would prefer to preserve the status quo ? 
Or do Cruz 's Beltway critics have a point ? 
Cruz has n't hesitated to take polarizing stances , even when doing so means taking on his Republican colleagues . 
Lee is also Cruz 's best friend -- maybe his only friend -- in the Senate . 
In his memoir , Cruz writes that no one stood by him "more courageously or indispensably" than Lee during his 21-hour anti-Obamacare speech that preceded the 2013 government shutdown . 
When Lee brought up his bill in the committee hearing , he was n't sure if he 'd have Cruz 's support . 
Cruz attacked the bill as dangerous and politically poisonous . 
Cruz went on to warn his fellow senators that if they voted for the bill , they would imperil their careers . 
Essentially , Cruz was saying that the legislation would let dangerous people out of prison , they would commit more crimes , and the senators would be subject to Willie Horton-style attack ads . 
Lee , who was sitting right next to Cruz , could not believe what he was hearing . 
Lee 's communications director , Conn Carroll , confirmed to me that Lee and his staff had no advance warning that Cruz was planning to brutally attack -- and , in Lee 's view , misrepresent -- his friend 's bill . 
The bill made it out of committee that day , but now it appears to be in trouble , with several other Republican senators taking Cruz 's line against it at a Senate lunch last week . 
Today , Lee has conspicuously joined every other sitting senator in declining to endorse Cruz 's presidential run . 
And while Lee and Cruz are still friends , the episode vividly illustrates Cruz 's talent for irritating other senators . 
Another telling episode came during the 2013 government shutdown , which Cruz spearheaded , insisting that if Congress defunded Obamacare , the president might go along . 
As McKay Coppins reports in his new book , The Wilderness , Cruz 's own staff never actually expected the gambit to work . 
To Cruz 's colleagues , it was a pointless and damaging exercise , but grassroots conservative groups cheered the effort . 
Cruz is close to the Fund and has appeared in its ads . 
At a private lunch of Republican senators , New Hampshire Senator Kelly Ayotte waved the document in Cruz 's face and demanded that he disavow it . 
When he declined , several other senators , including then-Minority Leader Mitch McConnell , took Ayotte 's side and denounced Cruz . 
In my conversations with Republican policy types and Senate aides about Cruz , this lack of regard for his colleagues , and for the niceties that have traditionally governed the upper chamber , was a common theme . 
As Trent Lott , the former Senate majority leader , told me last week , referring to the time Cruz called McConnell a liar on the Senate floor : "You just do n't do that . 
Another criticism of Cruz is that his antics are disruptive and damaging to the Republican Party . 
Cruz does have policy differences with the business wing of the party : Unlike the Chamber , he opposes comprehensive immigration reform , would like to kill the Export-Import Bank , and -LRB- in a reversal -RRB- opposed a recent free-trade bill . 
In Iowa , Cruz has been subjected to millions of dollars in attack ads and personally criticized by the Republican governor , Terry Branstad , for opposing ethanol subsidies . 
But a Republican policy expert close to a number of top GOP operatives and donors insisted it 's not about Cruz 's style or his positions . 
But the effort does n't result in smaller government or the end of Obamacare -- all it achieves is drawing attention to Cruz . 
You can see how these complaints look from the perspective of Cruz and his fans : like features , not bugs . 
But what about the criticism that Cruz 's efforts have n't gotten any results ? 
The Cruz camp did n't reply to my query , so I put the question to Amanda Carpenter , who was Cruz 's communications director during much of his time in the Senate , including the shutdown . 
Carpenter said Cruz had sent a message . 
Cruz has shown that one person can make a difference ." 
But as they see it , the difference Cruz has made in the Senate has not been a positive one .

SOLUTION: Ted Cruz

PROBLEM: Story highlights  Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe  faces up to 16 years in prison and possible solitary confinement while awaiting trial
(CNN) When  Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe  learned  she  was going to court  the British-Iranian mother assumed she was about to be released from a Tehran prison.
"She thought she was having a heart attack "  Richard Ratcliffe  told CNN after speaking to  his  wife following Sunday's hearing. "She felt sick  her legs were paralyzed and she was crying uncontrollably."
An Iranian judge also ruled that her family would have to pay $8 000 in bail to prevent her from being moved to solitary confinement while awaiting trial   Ratcliffe  says. No date has been set for the trial.
In April 2016   Zaghari-Ratcliffe  was detained at the airport in Tehran on her way back to the UK from visiting family with her 22-month-old daughter.

SOLUTION:
Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe Nazanin