In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Security and Freedom Through 
Encryption (SAFE) Act''.

SEC. 2. SALE AND USE OF ENCRYPTION.

    (a) In General.--Part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended 
by inserting after chapter 121 the following new chapter:

        ``CHAPTER 122--ENCRYPTED WIRE AND ELECTRONIC INFORMATION

``2801. Definitions.
``2802. Freedom to use encryption.
``2803. Freedom to sell encryption.
``2804. Prohibition on mandatory key escrow.
``2805. Unlawful use of encryption in furtherance of a criminal act.
``Sec. 2801. Definitions
    ``As used in this chapter--
            ``(1) the terms `person', `State', `wire communication', 
        `electronic communication', `investigative or law enforcement 
        officer', `judge of competent jurisdiction', and `electronic 
        storage' have the meanings given those terms in section 2510 of 
        this title;
            ``(2) the terms `encrypt' and `encryption' refer to the 
        scrambling of wire or electronic information using mathematical 
        formulas or algorithms in order to preserve the 
        confidentiality, integrity, or authenticity of, and prevent 
        unauthorized recipients from accessing or altering, such 
        information;
            ``(3) the term `key' means the variable information used in 
        a mathematical formula, code, or algorithm, or any component 
        thereof, used to decrypt wire or electronic information that 
        has been encrypted; and
            ``(4) the term `United States person' means--
                    ``(A) any United States citizen;
                    ``(B) any other person organized under the laws of 
                any State, the District of Columbia, or any 
                commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United 
                States; and
                    ``(C) any person organized under the laws of any 
                foreign country who is owned or controlled by 
                individuals or persons described in subparagraphs (A) 
                and (B).
``Sec. 2802. Freedom to use encryption
    ``Subject to section 2805, it shall be lawful for any person within 
any State, and for any United States person in a foreign country, to 
use any encryption, regardless of the encryption algorithm selected, 
encryption key length chosen, or implementation technique or medium 
used.
``Sec. 2803. Freedom to sell encryption
    ``Subject to section 2805, it shall be lawful for any person within 
any State to sell in interstate commerce any encryption, regardless of 
the encryption algorithm selected, encryption key length chosen, or 
implementation technique or medium used.
``Sec. 2804. Prohibition on mandatory key escrow
    ``(a) Prohibition.--No person in lawful possession of a key to 
encrypted information may be required by Federal or State law to 
relinquish to another person control of that key.
    ``(b) Exception for Access for Law Enforcement Purposes.--
Subsection (a) shall not affect the authority of any investigative or 
law enforcement officer, acting under any law in effect on the 
effective date of this chapter, to gain access to encrypted 
information.
``Sec. 2805. Unlawful use of encryption in furtherance of a criminal 
              act
    ``Any person who willfully uses encryption in furtherance of the 
commission of a criminal offense for which the person may be prosecuted 
in a court of competent jurisdiction--
            ``(1) in the case of a first offense under this section, 
        shall be imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or fined in the 
        amount set forth in this title, or both; and
            ``(2) in the case of a second or subsequent offense under 
        this section, shall be imprisoned for not more than 10 years, 
        or fined in the amount set forth in this title, or both.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of chapters for part I of 
title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item 
relating to chapter 33 the following new item:

``122. Encrypted wire and electronic information............    2801''.

SEC. 3. EXPORTS OF ENCRYPTION.

    (a) Amendment to Export Administration Act of 1979.--Section 17 of 
the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2416) is amended 
by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection:
    ``(g) Computers and Related Equipment.--
            ``(1) General rule.--Subject to paragraphs (2), (3), and 
        (4), the Secretary shall have exclusive authority to control 
        exports of all computer hardware, software, and technology for 
        information security (including encryption), except that which 
        is specifically designed or modified for military use, 
        including command, control, and intelligence applications.
            ``(2) Items not requiring licenses.--No validated license 
        may be required, except pursuant to the Trading With The Enemy 
        Act or the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (but 
        only to the estent that the authority of such Act is not 
        exercised to extend controls imposed under this Act), for the 
        export or reexport of--
                    ``(A) any software, including software with 
                encryption capabilities--
                            ``(i) that is generally available, as is, 
                        and is designed for installation by the 
                        purchaser; or
                            ``(ii) that is in the public domain for 
                        which copyright or other protection is not 
                        available under title 17, United States Code, 
                        or that is available to the public because it 
                        is generally accessible to the interested 
                        public in any form; or
                    ``(B) any computing device solely because it 
                incorporates or employs in any form software (including 
                software with encryption capabilities) exempted from 
                any requirement for a validated license under 
                subparagraph (A).
            ``(3) Software with encryption capabilities.--The Secretary 
        shall authorize the export or reexport of software with 
        encryption capabilities for nonmilitary end-uses in any country 
        to which exports of software of similar capability are 
        permitted for use by financial institutions not controlled in 
        fact by United States persons, unless there is substantial 
        evidence that such software will be--
                    ``(A) diverted to a military end-use or an end-use 
                supporting international terrorism;
                    ``(B) modified for military or terrorist end-use; 
                or
                    ``(C) reexported without any authorization by the 
                United States that may be required under this Act.
            ``(4) Hardware with encryption capabilities.--The Secretary 
        shall authorize the export or reexport of computer hardware 
        with encryption capabilities if the Secretary determines that a 
        product offering comparable security is commercially available 
        outside the United States from a foreign supplier, without 
        effective restrictions.
            ``(5) Definitions.--As used in this subsection--
                    ``(A) the term `encryption' means the scrambling of 
                wire or electronic information using mathematical 
                formulas or algorithms in order to preserve the 
                confidentiality, integrity, or authenticity of, and 
                prevent unauthorized recipients from accessing or 
                altering, such information;
                    ``(B) the term `generally available' means, in the 
                case of software (including software with encryption 
                capabilities), software that is offered for sale, 
                license, or transfer to any person without restriction, 
                whether or not for consideration, including, but not 
                limited to, over-the-counter retail sales, mail order 
                transactions, phone order transactions, electronic 
                distribution, or sale on approval;
                    ``(C) the term `as is' means, in the case of 
                software (including software with encryption 
                capabilities), a software program that is not designed, 
                developed, or tailored by the software publisher for 
                specific purchasers, except that such purchasers may 
                supply certain installation parameters needed by the 
                software program to function properly with the 
                purchaser's system and may customize the software 
                program by choosing among options contained in the 
                software program;
                    ``(D) the term `is designed for installation by the 
                purchaser' means, in the case of software (including 
                software with encryption capabilities) that--
                            ``(i) the software publisher intends for 
                        the purchaser (including any licensee or 
                        transferee), who may not be the actual program 
                        user, to install the software program on a 
                        computing device and has supplied the necessary 
                        instructions to do so, except that the 
                        publisher may also provide telephone help line 
                        services for software installation, electronic 
                        transmission, or basic operations; and
                            ``(ii) the software program is designed for 
                        installation by the purchaser without further 
                        substantial support by the supplier;
                    ``(E) the term `computing device' means a device 
                which incorporates one or more microprocessor-based 
                central processing units that can accept, store, 
                process, or provide output of data; and
                    ``(F) the term `computer hardware', when used in 
                conjunction with information security, includes, but is 
                not limited to, computer systems, equipment, 
                application-specific assemblies, modules, and 
                integrated circuits.''.
    (b) Continuation of Export Administration Act.--For purposes of 
carrying out the amendment made by subsection (a), the Export 
Administration Act of 1979 shall be deemed to be in effect.
[A]: Security and Freedom Through Encryption (SAFE) Act - Amends the Federal criminal code to permit any person within any State, and any U.S. person in a foreign country, to use any encryption regardless of the encryption algorithm selected, encryption key length chosen, or implementation technique or medium used, with an exception for the unlawful use of encryption in furtherance of a criminal act. 
Allows any person within any State to sell in interstate commerce any encryption. 
Specifies that no person in lawful possession of a key to encrypted information may be required by Federal or State law to relinquish to another person control of that key, with an exception for access for law enforcement purposes. 
Sets penalties for the willful use of encryption in furtherance of the commission of a criminal offense. 
(Sec. 3) Amends the Export Administration Act of 1979 to grant the Secretary of Commerce exclusive authority to control exports of all hardware, software, and technology for information security (including encryption), except that which is specifically designed or modified for military use. 
Prohibits requiring any validated license (with limited exceptions pursuant to the Trading With The Enemy Act or the International Emergency Economic Powers Act) for the export or reexport of any:  (1) software, including software with encryption capabilities that is generally available as is and that is designed for installation by the purchaser, or that is in the public domain for which copyright or other protection is not available or is available to the public because it is generally accessible to the public in any form; or (2) computing device solely because it incorporates or employs in any form software (including software with encryption capabilities) exempted from any requirement for a validated license under this section. 
Directs the Secretary to authorize the export or reexport of:  (1) software with encryption capabilities for nonmilitary end-uses in any country to which exports of software of similar capability are permitted for use by financial institutions not controlled in fact by U.S. persons, unless there is substantial evidence that such software will be diverted to a military end-use or an end-use supporting international terrorism, modified for military or terrorist end-use, or reexported without any U.S. authorization that may be required under the Act; and (2) computer hardware with encryption capabilities if the Secretary determines that a product offering comparable security is commercially available outside the United States from a foreign supplier without effective restrictions.


[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Wind Energy Research and Development 
Act of 2009''.

SEC. 2. WIND ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy shall carry out a program 
of research and development to--
            (1) improve the energy efficiency, reliability, and 
        capacity of wind turbines;
            (2) optimize the design and adaptability of wind energy 
        systems to the broadest practical range of atmospheric 
        conditions; and
            (3) reduce the cost of construction, generation, and 
        maintenance of wind energy systems.
    (b) Program.--The program under this section shall focus on 
research and development of--
            (1) new materials and designs to make larger, lighter, less 
        expensive, and more reliable rotor blades;
            (2) technologies to improve gearbox performance and 
        reliability;
            (3) automation, materials, and assembly of large-scale 
        components to reduce manufacturing costs;
            (4) low-cost transportable towers greater than 100 meters 
        in height to capitalize on improved wind conditions at higher 
        elevations;
            (5) advanced computational modeling tools to improve--
                    (A) the reliability of aeroelastic simulations of 
                wind energy systems;
                    (B) understanding of the interaction between each 
                wind turbine component;
                    (C) siting of wind energy systems to maximize 
                efficiency and minimize variable generation;
                    (D) integration of wind energy systems into the 
                existing electric grid to ensure reliability; and
                    (E) understanding of the wake effect between upwind 
                and downwind turbine operations;
            (6) advanced control systems and blade sensors to improve 
        performance and reliability under a wide variety of wind 
        conditions;
            (7) advanced generators, including--
                    (A) medium-speed and low-speed generators;
                    (B) direct-drive technology; and
                    (C) the use of advanced magnets in generator 
                rotors;
            (8) wind technology for offshore applications;
            (9) methods to assess and mitigate the effects of wind 
        energy systems on radar and electromagnetic fields;
            (10) wind turbines with a maximum electric power production 
        capacity of 100 kilowatts or less;
            (11) technical processes to enable--
                    (A) scalability of transmission from remotely 
                located renewable resource rich areas; and
                    (B) optimization of advanced infrastructure design, 
                including high voltage transmission; and
            (12) other research areas as determined by the Secretary.

SEC. 3. WIND ENERGY DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy shall conduct a wind 
energy demonstration program. In carrying out this section, the 
Secretary shall ensure that--
            (1) the program is of sufficient size and geographic 
        diversity to measure wind energy system performance under the 
        full productive range of wind conditions in the United States;
            (2) demonstration projects carried out under this program 
        are--
                    (A) conducted in collaboration with industry and, 
                as appropriate, with academic institutions; and
                    (B) located in various geographic areas 
                representing various wind class regimes; and
            (3) data collected from demonstration projects carried out 
        under this program is useful for carrying out section 2(b).
    (b) Cost-Sharing.--The Secretary shall carry out the program under 
this section in compliance with section 988(a) through (d) and section 
989 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16352(a) through (d) 
and 16353).

SEC. 4. EQUAL OPPORTUNITY.

    In carrying out this Act, the Secretary of Energy shall--
            (1) coordinate with the Office of Minority Economic Impact 
        and with the Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business 
        Utilization; and
            (2) provide special consideration to applications submitted 
        by institutions, businesses, or entities containing majority 
        representation by individuals identified in section 33 or 34 of 
        the Science and Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 
        1885a or 1885b).

SEC. 5. COMPETITIVE AWARDS.

    Awards under section 2 and section 3 shall be made on a competitive 
basis with an emphasis on technical merit.

SEC. 6. COORDINATION AND NONDUPLICATION.

    To the maximum extent practicable the Secretary of Energy shall 
coordinate activities under this Act with other programs of the 
Department of Energy and other Federal research programs.

SEC. 7. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy 
to carry out this Act $200,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2010 
through 2014.

            Passed the House of Representatives September 9, 2009.

            Attest:

                                            LORRAINE C. MILLER,

                                                                 Clerk.
[A]: Wind Energy Research and Development Act of 2009 - Directs the Secretary of Energy to carry out a research and development program to: (1) improve the energy efficiency, reliability, and capacity of wind turbines; (2) optimize the design and adaptability of wind energy systems to the broadest practical range of atmospheric conditions; and (3) reduce the cost of construction, generation, and maintenance of such systems.





Directs the Secretary to conduct a wind energy demonstration program to measure wind energy system performance under the full productive range of wind conditions in the United States.

Requires awards under such programs to be made on a competitive basis with an emphasis on technical merit.

Requires the Secretary, in carrying out this Act, to: (1) coordinate with the Office of Minority Economic Impact and with the Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization; and (2) provide special consideration to applications submitted by institutions, businesses, or entities containing majority representation of women, minorities, or persons with disabilities in science and engineering.

Authorizes appropriations.


[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``National AMBER Alert Network Act of 
2003''.

SEC. 2. NATIONAL COORDINATION OF AMBER ALERT COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK.

    (a) Coordination Within Department of Justice.--The Attorney 
General shall assign an officer of the Department of Justice to act as 
the national coordinator of the AMBER Alert communications network 
regarding abducted children. The officer so designated shall be known 
as the AMBER Alert Coordinator of the Department of Justice.
    (b) Duties.--In acting as the national coordinator of the AMBER 
Alert communications network, the Coordinator shall--
            (1) seek to eliminate gaps in the network, including gaps 
        in areas of interstate travel;
            (2) work with States to encourage the development of 
        additional elements (known as local AMBER plans) in the 
        network;
            (3) work with States to ensure appropriate regional 
        coordination of various elements of the network; and
            (4) act as the nationwide point of contact for--
                    (A) the development of the network; and
                    (B) regional coordination of alerts on abducted 
                children through the network.
    (c) Consultation With Federal Bureau of Investigation.--In carrying 
out duties under subsection (b), the Coordinator shall notify and 
consult with the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation 
concerning each child abduction for which an alert is issued through 
the AMBER Alert communications network.
    (d) Cooperation.--The Coordinator shall cooperate with the 
Secretary of Transportation and the Federal Communications Commission 
in carrying out activities under this section.

SEC. 3. MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR ISSUANCE AND DISSEMINATION OF ALERTS 
              THROUGH AMBER ALERT COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK.

    (a) Establishment of Minimum Standards.--Subject to subsection (b), 
the AMBER Alert Coordinator of the Department of Justice shall 
establish minimum standards for--
            (1) the issuance of alerts through the AMBER Alert 
        communications network; and
            (2) the extent of the dissemination of alerts issued 
        through the network.
    (b) Limitations.--(1) The minimum standards established under 
subsection (a) shall be adoptable on a voluntary basis only.
    (2) The minimum standards shall, to the maximum extent practicable 
(as determined by the Coordinator in consultation with State and local 
law enforcement agencies), provide that the dissemination of an alert 
through the AMBER Alert communications network be limited to the 
geographic areas most likely to facilitate the recovery of the abducted 
child concerned.
    (3) In carrying out activities under subsection (a), the 
Coordinator may not interfere with the current system of voluntary 
coordination between local broadcasters and State and local law 
enforcement agencies for purposes of the AMBER Alert communications 
network.
    (c) Cooperation.--(1) The Coordinator shall cooperate with the 
Secretary of Transportation and the Federal Communications Commission 
in carrying out activities under this section.
    (2) The Coordinator shall also cooperate with local broadcasters 
and State and local law enforcement agencies in establishing minimum 
standards under this section.

SEC. 4. GRANT PROGRAM FOR NOTIFICATION AND COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS ALONG 
              HIGHWAYS FOR RECOVERY OF ABDUCTED CHILDREN.

    (a) Program Required.--The Secretary of Transportation shall carry 
out a program to provide grants to States for the development or 
enhancement of notification or communications systems along highways 
for alerts and other information for the recovery of abducted children.
    (b) Activities.--Activities funded by grants under the program 
under subsection (a) may include--
            (1) the development or enhancement of electronic message 
        boards along highways and the placement of additional signage 
        along highways; and
            (2) the development or enhancement of other means of 
        disseminating along highways alerts and other information for 
        the recovery of abducted children.
    (c) Federal Share.--The Federal share of the cost of any activities 
funded by a grant under the program under subsection (a) may not exceed 
50 percent.
    (d) Distribution of Grant Amounts on Geographic Basis.--The 
Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure the 
distribution of grants under the program under subsection (a) on an 
equitable basis throughout the various regions of the United States.
    (e) Administration.--The Secretary shall prescribe requirements, 
including application requirements, for grants under the program under 
subsection (a).
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--(1) There is authorized to be 
appropriated for the Department of Transportation $20,000,000 for 
fiscal year 2004 to carry out this section.
    (2) Amounts appropriated pursuant to the authorization of 
appropriations in paragraph (1) shall remain available until expended.

SEC. 5. GRANT PROGRAM FOR SUPPORT OF AMBER ALERT COMMUNICATIONS PLANS.

    (a) Program Required.--The Attorney General shall carry out a 
program to provide grants to States for the development or enhancement 
of programs and activities for the support of AMBER Alert 
communications plans.
    (b) Activities.--Activities funded by grants under the program 
under subsection (a) may include--
            (1) the development and implementation of education and 
        training programs, and associated materials, relating to AMBER 
        Alert communications plans;
            (2) the development and implementation of law enforcement 
        programs, and associated equipment, relating to AMBER Alert 
        communications plans; and
            (3) such other activities as the Secretary considers 
        appropriate for supporting the AMBER Alert communications 
        program.
    (c) Federal Share.--The Federal share of the cost of any activities 
funded by a grant under the program under subsection (a) may not exceed 
50 percent.
    (d) Distribution of Grant Amounts on Geographic Basis.--The 
Attorney General shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure the 
distribution of grants under the program under subsection (a) on an 
equitable basis throughout the various regions of the United States.
    (e) Administration.--The Attorney General shall prescribe 
requirements, including application requirements, for grants under the 
program under subsection (a).
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--(1) There is authorized to be 
appropriated for the Department of Justice $5,000,000 for fiscal year 
2004 to carry out this section.
    (2) Amounts appropriated pursuant to the authorization of 
appropriations in paragraph (1) shall remain available until expended.

            Passed the Senate January 21, 2003.

            Attest:

                                             EMILY J. REYNOLDS,

                                                             Secretary.
[A]:
National AMBER Alert Network Act of 2003 - (Sec. 2) Requires the Attorney General to assign an AMBER Alert Coordinator of the Department of Justice to act as the national coordinator of the AMBER Alert communications network regarding abducted children. Requires the coordinator to: (1) seek to eliminate gaps in the network; (2) work with States to encourage the development of additional network elements and to ensure regional coordination; and (3) act as the nationwide point of contact for network development and for regional coordination of alerts on abducted children through the network. Directs the Coordinator to notify and consult with the Federal Bureau of Investigation concerning each child abduction for which an AMBER Alert is issued.(Sec. 3) Directs the Coordinator to establish minimum standards for the issuance of alerts and for the extent of their dissemination (limited to the geographic areas most likely to facilitate the recovery of the abducted child). Provides that the standards shall be adoptable on a voluntary basis only.Requires the Coordinator to cooperate with the Secretary of Transportation and the Federal Communications Commission in carrying out such activities.(Sec. 4) Requires the Secretary of Transportation to provide grants to States for the development or enhancement of notification or communications systems along highways for alerts and other information for the recovery of abducted children. Includes among permissible activities the development or enhancement of electronic message boards, and the placement of additional signage, along highways. Limits the Federal cost share to 50 percent. Directs the Secretary to ensure grant distribution on an equitable basis throughout the various regions of the United States. Authorizes appropriations.(Sec. 5) Directs the Attorney General to provide grants to States for the development or enhancement of programs and activities for the support of AMBER Alert communications plans, which may include the development and implementation of: (1) education and training programs and associated materials; and (2) law enforcement programs and associated equipment. Limits the Federal cost share to 50 percent. Directs the Secretary to ensure grant distribution on an equitable basis throughout the various regions of the United States. Authorizes appropriations.