In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

Q: SECTION 1. PURPOSES.

    The purposes of this Act are--
            (1) to enhance the appeal of service in the law enforcement 
        agencies of the United States Department of Justice;
            (2) to extend benefits of a higher education to qualified 
        and deserving young persons who by virtue of the death of or 
        total disability of an eligible officer are not otherwise able 
        to afford the same; and
            (3) to allow such family members to attain the vocational 
        and educational status which such individual might normally 
        have aspired to and obtained had a parent not been killed or 
        disabled in the service of the country.

SEC. 2. BASIC ENTITLEMENT.

    (a) Benefits.--(1) Except as provided in subsection (b), an 
eligible dependent shall be entitled to educational assistance under 
this subpart for a period of one month for each month or fraction 
thereof of the eligible officer's service in a Federal law enforcement 
agency.
    (2) Such educational assistance shall consist of direct payments 
to--
            (A) an educational institution or institution of higher 
        learning for an eligible dependent's tuition, room, board, and 
        other charges imposed by such institution; and
            (B) the eligible dependent for an educational assistance 
        allowances to meet, in part, the cost of fees, supplies, books, 
        equipment and other educational costs, which allowances shall 
        be computed on the same basis set forth in title 38, subchapter 
        IV of the United States Code.
    (b) Benefits for Dependents of Officers Killed.--For each eligible 
dependent of an eligible officer who is killed in the line of duty, 
criteria established in subsection (a) shall not apply. Such eligible 
dependents shall be eligible to receive the benefits provided by this 
subpart for the maximum period of eligibility set forth in subsection 
(e).
    (c) Maximum Benefits.--No eligible dependent shall receive 
educational assistance under this subpart for a period in excess of 
forty-five months.

SEC. 3. TIME LIMITATIONS FOR COMPLETING A PROGRAM OF EDUCATION.

    No educational assistance shall be paid to or for an eligible 
dependent after--
            (1) ten years after the date on which the eligible officer 
        was killed or permanently and totally disabled; or
            (2) the eligible dependent's twenty-seventh birthday, 
        whichever occurs later.
SEC. 4. EDUCATIONAL AND VOCATIONAL COUNSELING.

    (a) Counseling Services.--The Attorney General shall make available 
to an eligible dependent upon such person's request, counseling 
services, including such educational and vocational counseling and 
guidance, testing, and other assistance as the Attorney General deems 
necessary to aid such person in selecting--
            (1) an educational or training objective and an educational 
        institution or training establishment appropriate for the 
        attainment of such objective; or
            (2) an employment objective that would be likely to provide 
        such eligible dependent with satisfactory employment 
        opportunities in light of such person's personal circumstances.
    (b) Notification.--The Attorney General shall take appropriate 
steps (including individual notification where feasible) to acquaint 
all eligible persons with the availability and advantages of such 
counseling services.
    (c) Service Providers.--For purposes of this subpart, the Attorney 
General may provide by interagency agreement with Federal, or State 
agency to provide the services specified.

SEC. 5. APPLICATIONS; APPROVAL.

    (a) Application.--Any eligible dependent who desires to initiate a 
program of education under this subpart shall submit an application to 
the Attorney General in such form and containing such information as 
the Attorney General may reasonably require.
    (b) Approval.--The Attorney General shall approve such application 
unless the Attorney General finds that--
            (1) such dependent is not eligible or is not longer 
        eligible for or entitled to the educational assistance for 
        which application is made;
            (2) the eligible dependent selected educational institution 
        or training establishment fails to meet any requirement of this 
        subpart;
            (3) the eligible dependent's enrollment in, or pursuit of, 
        the program of education selected would violate a provision of 
        this subpart; or
            (4) the eligible dependent is already qualified by reason 
        of previous education or training, for the educational, 
        professional, or vocational objective for which the program of 
        education is offered.
    (c) Acceptance.--The Attorney General shall notify an eligible 
dependent of approval or disapproval of such dependent's application.

SEC. 6. STANDARDS.

    The Attorney General shall promulgate rules and regulations 
regarding unacceptable courses or programs of study for which funding 
will not be provided under this subpart.

SEC. 7. DISCONTINUANCE FOR UNSATISFACTORY CONDUCT OR PROGRESS.

    (a) Discontinuation.--The Attorney General shall discontinue the 
direct payment to an educational institution or institution of higher 
education and educational assistance allowance of an eligible dependent 
if, at any time, the Attorney General finds that according to the 
regularly prescribed standards and practices of the educational 
institution, the dependent's conduct or progress is unsatisfactory.
    (b) Renewal.--The Attorney General may review the payment of the 
educational assistance allowance if the Attorney General finds that--
            (1) the cause of the unsatisfactory conduct or progress of 
        the eligible dependent has been removed; and
            (2) the program which the eligible dependent now proposes 
        to pursue (whether the same or revised) is suitable to the 
        eligible dependent's interests, and abilities.

SEC. 8. SPECIAL RULE.

    Notwithstanding any other provisions of law and any other general 
or special law to the contrary, the Attorney General is authorized and 
directed to reimburse or pay each eligible dependent of an eligible 
officer who was killed in the performance of duties on or after July 1, 
1992, but before the effective date of this statute, an amount 
equivalent to--
            (1) the full cost of tuition, room and board, and other 
        charges paid or for the eligible dependent to, and imposed on, 
        an eligible dependent by an educational institution or 
        institution of higher education; and
            (2) a retroactive educational assistance allowance for each 
        month in which the eligible dependent attended an educational 
        institution or institution of higher education, up to the date 
        of the payment. Following this initial payment, further 
        benefits will be paid to or for the benefit of such eligible 
        dependents in accordance with this chapter.
SEC. 9. DEFINITIONS.

    For purposes of this Act:
            (1) The term ``Federal law enforcement agency'' means the 
        Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco 
        and Firearms, the Drug Enforcement Administration, the United 
        States Marshals Service, and any other federal agency directly 
        engaged in the enforcement of the criminal laws of the United 
        States, or the apprehension of individuals subject to criminal 
        prosecution by the United States.
            (2) The term ``eligible officer'' means any agent, special 
        agent, marshal, deputy, or assistant marshal or other similar 
        field officer by whatever name or title such officer is known 
        in a Federal law enforcement agency who has served at least one 
        hundred and eighty days and who is either killed in the 
        performance of duties or suffers injuries that are totally and 
        permanently disabling while performing such duties.
            (3) The term ``eligible dependent'' means the child of any 
        eligible officer who is a ``dependent'' (as defined in section 
        152 of the Internal Revenue Code) or spouse of an eligible 
        officer at the time of such officer's death or on the date of 
        total and disabling injury.
            (4) The term ``program of education'' shall mean any 
        curriculum or any combination of unit courses or subjects 
        pursued at an educational institution which is generally 
        accepted as necessary to fulfill requirements for the 
        attainment of a pre- determined and identified educational, 
        professional, or vocational objective. Such term also means any 
        curriculum of unit course or subjects pursued at an educational 
        institution which fulfill requirements for the attainment of 
        more than one predetermined and identified educational, 
        professional, or vocational objective if all the objectives 
        pursued as generally recognized as being reasonably related to 
        a single career field. To pursue any other course of study, an 
        eligible dependent shall apply to the AG for approval.
            (5) The term ``educational institution'' means any public 
        or private elementary school, secondary school, vocational 
        school, correspondence school, business school, junior college, 
        teachers' college, college, normal school, professional school, 
        university, or scientific or technical institutions, or other 
        accredited institutions furnishing education for adults.
            (6) The term ``institution of higher learning'' means a 
        college, university, or similar institution, including a 
        technical or business school, offering postsecondary level 
        academic instruction that leads to an associate or higher 
        degree if the school is empowered by the appropriate State 
        educational authority under State law to grant an associate or 
        higher degree. When there is no State law to authorize the 
        granting of a degree, the school may be recognized as an 
        institution of higher learning if it is accredited for degree 
        programs by a recognized accrediting agency. Such term shall 
        also include a hospital offering educational programs at the 
        post-secondary level without regard to whether the hospital 
        grants a postsecondary degree. Such term shall also include an 
        educational institution which is not located in a State, which 
        offers a course leading to a standard college degree, or the 
        equivalent, and which is recognized as such by the Secretary of 
        Education (or comparable official) of the country or other 
        jurisdiction in which the institution is located.
            (7) The term ``standard college degree'' means an associate 
        or higher degree awarded by--
                    (A) an institution of higher learning that is 
                accredited as a collegiate institution by a recognized 
                regional or national accrediting agency;
                    (B) an institution of higher learning that is a 
                ``candidate'' for accreditation as that term is used by 
                the regional or national accrediting agencies; or
                    (C) an institution of higher learning upon 
                completion of a course which is accredited by an agency 
                recognized to accredit specialized degree-level 
                programs. For the purpose of this section, the 
                accrediting agency must be one recognized by the 
                Secretary of Education under the provisions of section 
                1775 of this title 38.

A: Provides for educational assistance for eligible dependents of Federal law enforcement officers who are killed or disabled in the performance of their duties. 
Entitles such dependents to such assistance for:  (1) one month for each month (or fraction) of the disabled officer's service, up to a maximum of 45 months; and (2) the maximum 45 months, if the officer has been killed. 
Limits the period for using such assistance to before the later of: (1) ten years after the officer was killed or permanently and totally disabled; or (2) the dependent's 27th birthday. 
Directs the Attorney General to make certain counseling services available, upon the dependent's request, and to publicize the availability of such services. 
Provides for such assistance program applications and their approval, standards, discontinuance for unsatisfactory progress or conduct, and a special rule for retroactive assistance.
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Q: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Clean Water Compliance and 
Affordability Act''.

SEC. 2. INTEGRATED MUNICIPAL STORMWATER AND WASTEWATER APPROACH 
              FRAMEWORK.

    (a) In General.--In the first 5 fiscal years beginning after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Environmental 
Protection Agency (referred to in this section as the 
``Administrator''), in coordination with appropriate State, local, and 
regional authorities, shall carry out a pilot program under which the 
Administrator shall work cooperatively with and facilitate the efforts 
of eligible municipalities to develop and implement integrated plans to 
meet wastewater and stormwater obligations of the eligible 
municipalities under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 
1251 et seq.) in a more cost-effective and flexible manner.
    (b) Framework.--The Administrator shall carry out the pilot program 
in a manner that is consistent with the Integrated Municipal Stormwater 
and Wastewater Approach Framework issued by the Environmental 
Protection Agency and dated May 2012.
    (c) Selection of Eligible Municipalities.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator, in consultation with 
        States that have approved National Pollutant Discharge 
        Elimination System programs, shall select not less than 15 
        eligible municipalities to participate in the pilot program.
            (2) Eligible municipality.--An eligible municipality is a 
        county, city, town, township, or subdivision of a State or 
        local government that--
                    (A) qualifies as a National Pollutant Discharge 
                Elimination System permit holder or designee; or
                    (B) is a party to an administrative order, 
                administrative consent agreement, or judicial consent 
                decree to comply with the requirements of the Federal 
                Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.).
            (3) Selection factors.--
                    (A) In general.--In selecting the eligible 
                municipalities to participate in the pilot program, the 
                Administrator shall give priority to--
                            (i) eligible municipalities that are 
                        operating under an administrative order, 
                        administrative consent agreement, or judicial 
                        consent decree to comply with the requirements 
                        of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 
                        U.S.C. 1251 et seq.);
                            (ii) eligible municipalities that are 
                        affected by affordability constraints in 
                        planning and implementing control measures to 
                        address wet weather discharges from wastewater 
                        and stormwater facilities of the eligible 
                        municipalities; and
                            (iii) eligible municipalities with a 
                        history of knowledgeable, detailed, and 
                        comprehensive efforts to develop integrated and 
                        adaptive clean water management practices.
                    (B) Use of adaptive management approaches.--In 
                selecting eligible municipalities to participate in the 
                pilot program, the Administrator may give priority to 
                an eligible municipality that is seeking to develop and 
                implement an integrated plan that includes adaptive 
                approaches to account for changed or future uncertain 
                circumstances, including--
                            (i) the use of new innovative technical or 
                        institutional approaches; and
                            (ii) the ability to adapt the integrated 
                        plan in response to new regulatory requirements 
                        and reductions in financial capability.
    (d) Approval of Integrated Plans.--
            (1) In general.--In approving the integrated plan of an 
        eligible municipality under the pilot program established under 
        subsection (a), the Administrator shall--
                    (A) account for the financial capability of the 
                eligible municipality to adequately address the 
                requirements of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act 
                (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) that apply to the eligible 
                municipality;
                    (B) prioritize the obligations of the eligible 
                municipality under the Federal Water Pollution Control 
                Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) according to the most 
                cost-effective and environmentally beneficial outcomes;
                    (C) account for the maintenance, operational, and 
                regulatory obligations of the eligible municipality; 
                and
                    (D) enable the eligible municipality to implement 
                innovative and flexible approaches to meet the 
                obligations of the eligible municipality under the 
                Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 et 
                seq.).
            (2) Additional authorities.--In carrying out the pilot 
        program established under subsection (a), the Administrator 
        may, in full coordination and mutual agreement with an eligible 
        municipality selected to participate in the pilot program--
                    (A) extend the allowable national pollutant 
                discharge elimination system permit term under section 
                402 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 
                U.S.C. 1342) to a maximum of 25 years, and make 
                corresponding changes to any associated implementation 
                schedule;
                    (B) modify the implementation terms of a consent 
                decree entered into by the eligible municipality with 
                the Administrator pursuant to that Act; and
                    (C) provide additional regulatory flexibility under 
                the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 
                et seq.) in approving and implementing an integrated 
                plan that includes adaptive approaches in order to 
                encourage the innovation integral to such approaches.
    (e) Report to Congress.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, and each year thereafter for 5 years, the 
Administrator shall submit to Congress a report on the results of the 
pilot program established under subsection (a), including a description 
of the specific outcomes expected to be achieved that will reduce the 
costs of complying with the requirements of the Federal Water Pollution 
Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) for--
            (1) eligible municipalities participating in the pilot 
        program; and
            (2) eligible municipalities that are similarly situated but 
        not participating in the pilot program.

A: Clean Water Compliance and Affordability Act  This bill requires the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to carry out a pilot program to facilitate the efforts of eligible municipalities to develop and implement integrated plans to meet their wastewater and stormwater obligations under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (commonly known as the Clean Water Act) in a cost-effective and flexible manner and consistent with the Integrated Municipal Stormwater and Wastewater Approach Framework issued by the EPA in May 2012. The pilot program must facilitate the efforts of at least 15 municipalities. A municipality is eligible to participate in the pilot program if it is: (1) a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit holder or designee; or (2) a party to an administrative order, administrative consent agreement, or judicial consent decree to comply with the requirements of the Clean Water Act. The EPA must give priority to municipalities that: (1) are affected by affordability constraints in planning and implementing control measures addressing wet weather discharges from wastewater and stormwater facilities; and (2) have a history of knowledgeable, detailed, and comprehensive efforts to develop integrated and adaptive clean water management practices. The EPA may give priority to municipalities seeking to develop and implement an integrated plan that includes approaches that adapt to changed or future uncertain circumstances. With the mutual agreement of participating municipalities, the EPA may: (1) extend the allowable NPDES permit term by up to 25 years, (2) modify the implementation terms of a consent decree, and (3) provide additional regulatory flexibility in approving and implementing an integrated plan that includes adaptive approaches.
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Q: SECTION 1. JUDICIAL REVIEW OF ADOPTION OR REVISION OF SCHEDULE OF 
              RATINGS FOR DISABILITIES.

    (a) Restatement of Current Authority With Authority for Review.--
The text of section 502 of title 38, United States Code, is amended to 
read as follows:
    ``(a) An action of the Secretary to which section 552(a)(1) or 553 
of title 5, or both, refers is subject to judicial review.
    ``(b)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), review under 
subsection (a) shall be in accordance with chapter 7 of title 5, and 
may be sought only in the United States Court of Appeals for the 
Federal Circuit.
    ``(2) If review under subsection (a) is sought in connection with 
an appeal brought under the provisions of chapter 72 of this title, the 
provisions of that chapter shall apply rather than the provisions of 
chapter 7 of title 5.
    ``(c) In reviewing under subsection (b)(1) an action relating to 
the adoption or revision of the schedule of ratings for disabilities 
adopted under section 1155 of this title, the United States Court of 
Appeals for the Federal Circuit shall hold unlawful and set aside the 
action if the action is found by the Court to be--
            ``(1) arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, or 
        otherwise not in accordance with law; or
            ``(2) in excess of statutory jurisdiction, authority, or 
        limitations, or in violation of statutory right.''.
    (b) Applicability.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall take 
effect on the date of the enactment of this Act. The review described 
by subsection (c) of section 502 of title 38, United States Code, as so 
amended, shall be available only for a revision of the schedule of 
ratings of disabilities under section 1155 of that title that occurs on 
or after that date.

SEC. 2. STANDARD OF REVERSAL BY COURT OF APPEALS FOR VETERANS CLAIMS OF 
              ERRONEOUS FINDING OF FACT BY BOARD OF VETERANS' APPEALS.

    (a) Standard of Reversal.--Paragraph (4) of subsection (a) of 
section 7261 of title 38, United States Code, is amended by striking 
``if the finding is clearly erroneous'' and inserting ``if such finding 
is not reasonably supported by a preponderance of the evidence''.
    (b) Scope of Authority.--That subsection is further amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
        ``this chapter'' and inserting ``section 7252(a) of this 
        title''; and
            (2) in paragraph (4), as amended by subsection (a) of this 
        section--
                    (A) by inserting ``adverse to the claimant that 
                is'' after ``material fact''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``or reverse'' after ``set 
                aside''.
    (c) Matters Relating to Findings of Material Fact.--That section is 
further amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (b), (c), and (d), as 
        subsections (c), (d), and (e), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following new 
        subsection (b):
    ``(b)(1) In making a determination on a finding of material fact 
under subsection (a)(4), the Court shall utilize the record of 
proceedings containing such finding, as established for purposes of 
sections 5107(b) and 7252(c) of this title.
    ``(2) A determination on a finding of material fact under 
subsection (a)(4) shall specify the evidence or material on which the 
Court relied in making such determination.''.
    (d) Applicability.--(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
amendments made by this section shall take effect on the date of the 
enactment of this Act.
    (2) The amendments made by subsections (a) and (b)(2) shall apply 
with respect to any appeal filed with the United States Court of 
Appeals for Veterans Claims--
            (A) on or after the date of the enactment of this Act; or
            (B) before the date of the enactment of this Act, but in 
        which a final decision has not been made under section 7291 of 
        title 38, United States Code, as of that date.

SEC. 3. REVIEW BY COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FEDERAL CIRCUIT OF DECISIONS 
              OF LAW OF COURT OF APPEALS OF VETERANS CLAIMS.

    (a) Review.--Section 7292(c) of title 38, United States Code, is 
amended in the first sentence by inserting after ``the validity of'' 
the following: ``a decision of the Court of Veterans Appeals on a rule 
of law or of''.
    (b) Applicability.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall take 
effect on the date of the enactment of this Act, and shall apply with 
respect to any appeal--
            (1) filed with the United States Court of Appeals for the 
        Federal Circuit on or after the date of the enactment of this 
        Act; or
            (2) pending with the United States Court of Appeals for the 
        Federal Circuit as of the date of the enactment of this Act in 
        which a final decision has not been rendered as of that date.

SEC. 4. AUTHORITY OF COURT OF APPEALS FOR VETERANS CLAIMS TO AWARD FEES 
              UNDER EQUAL ACCESS TO JUSTICE ACT FOR NON-ATTORNEY 
              PRACTITIONERS.

    The authority of the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans 
Claims to award reasonable fees and expenses of attorneys under section 
2412(b) of title 28, United States Code, shall include authority to 
award fees and expenses of individuals admitted to practice before the 
Court as non-attorney practitioners under subsection (b) or (c) of Rule 
46 of the Rules of Practice and Procedure of the United States Court of 
Appeals for Veterans Claims as if such non-attorney practitioners were 
attorneys admitted to practice before the Court.

A:
Allows only the Federal Circuit for the U.S. Court of Appeals to review and set aside changes made by the Department of Veterans Affairs to the schedule for veterans' disability ratings found to be arbitrary and capricious or in violation of a Federal statute.Requires the U.S. Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims (CAVC) to apply a preponderance of the evidence standard when reviewing findings of fact made by the Board of Veterans' Appeals.Permits the Federal Circuit to review CAVC decisions on questions of law.Allows the CAVC, when awarding attorney fees under the Equal Access to Justice Act, to award compensation to qualified non-attorney representatives appearing before the CAVC.
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