Given a document, generate a short title of the document. The title should convey the main idea/event/topic about which the document is being written. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].

[EX Q]: Laura Moser  a candidate in a Democratic congressional primary in Texas . (Michael Stravato for The Washington Post)
The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee is taking fire from the left after months of relative peace  thanks to a document put online the night of Feb. 22 â a collection of opposition research on  Laura Moser   a progressive candidate in Texasâs competitive 7th Congressional District.
As  Moser  was attending a campaign event  the DCCC posted a short but brutal collection of hits on  Moser  that would be likely used against  her  if  she  won the Democratic nomination. The 7th District is one of 23 where Hillary Clinton outpolled Donald Trump in 2016  while voters sent a Republican congressman to Washington.
âDemocratic voters need to hear that  Laura Moser  is not going to change Washington â the committee wrote. â She  is a Washington insider  who begrudgingly moved to Houston to run for Congress.â
 Moser  responded later Thursday night  saying in a statement that the DCCCâs tactics represented âwhy people hate politicsâ and hurt the effort to take Congress back from Republicans.
âWeâre used to tough talk here in Texas  but itâs disappointing to hear it from Washington operatives â  she  said.
 Moser  did relocate to  her  native Houston last year and began running for Congress  with  her  move back home â after launching Daily Action  a campaign tool for progressives frustrated by Trump â as part of the story. The DCCC  which has seen plenty of candidates brought down by residence issues  came to view  her  as unelectable.
âVoters in Houston have organized for over a year to hold [Republican Rep. John Abney] Culberson accountable and win this Clinton district â said DCCC communications director Meredith Kelly. âUnfortunately   Laura Moserâs  outright disgust for life in Texas disqualifies  her  as a general election candidate and would rob voters of their opportunity to flip Texasâs 7th in November.â
The DCCCâs memo hit  Moser  for paying Revolution Messaging  the firm where  her  husband  Arun Chaudhary  had worked since 2012  to produce  her  TV ads. But its main attack lines were backed up by an article  Moser  wrote for Washingtonian in 2014  where  she  joked that  she âd âsooner have my teeth pulled out without anesthesiaâ than move to  her  grandparentsâ home in Paris  Tex. Paris is a small city more than 300 miles from the 7th District; the DCCC warned that voters would not process the nuance.
Both  Moser âs campaign and the DCCC saw  her  in a strong position to win one of two runoff slots in the March 6 Democratic primary. With early voting underway  and Democratic turnout in Houstonâs Harris County undergoing a historic surge  the DCCC pounced.
But the way it did so  advertising what Republicans might use to beat  Moser   sparked outrage across the left. At Daily Kos  a popular group blog that crowdfunds for Democratic candidates  a diarist wondered whether the move against  Moser  âmay have something to do with the candidate selection role the Blue Dog Coalition is playing at the DCCC.â The People for Bernie Sanders  a progressive group organized to support the Vermont senatorâs 2016 presidential campaign  called âfor the DCCC board to investigate how the decision was reached and publish the findings publicly.â There was an additional factor: Revolution Messaging had worked for Sanders  and Chaudhary had worked as the campaignâs photographer.
 Moser  is not the only progressive candidate in the district primary  and several of  her  rivals back universal Medicare  which has become a litmus test on the left. But  her  race has attracted national attention as an example of progressive candidates bristling as well-established Democratic organizations backed their rivals. On Thursday morning  the Intercept  which has been publishing articles on how the DCCC works  highlighted  Moser âs race and the involvement of Emilyâs List with party donor Lizzie Pannill Fletcher.
[EX A]: Progressives rage at DCCC after it attacks Texas candidate for âbegrudginglyâ moving to Houston

[EX Q]: The clues are out there  if you know where to look. Scattered across far-flung corners of the internet  there is evidence that  Zulfi Hoxha  the son of an Albanian-American pizza-shop owner from New Jersey   had sinister plans. First there’s the defunct Twitter profile  which at one point engaged in a conversation with a State Department counter-propaganda account about the Islamic State. Then there’s the fact that  he  used the social-networking site Paltalk  a communications platform reportedly popular among Western jihadis. But none of it compares to the ISIS propaganda video that  according to multiple law-enforcement officials  shows  Hoxha  beheading captured Kurdish soldiers. If they are right about his identity   Hoxha  is the first American Islamic State member known to be beheading individuals in such a video.  Hoxha  is now known to have become a senior commander of Islamic State and one of the faces of the group’s recruitment efforts  according to federal court records.  Hoxha  left the United States on April 6  2015. Four days later   he  was in an Islamic State training camp. Within just six months  according to multiple law-enforcement officials   he  was featured in that gruesome video. Related Story The American Climbing the Ranks of ISIS As cases of Islamic State supporters continue to trickle through the American justice system  details are slowly emerging of both the extent of American involvement in the upper echelons of the group and the role of recruitment and mobilization networks in the country. Investigations have already uncovered the stories of Americans like John Georgelas and Abdullah Ramo Pazara  both of whom were part of wider jihadi networks in America and eventually reached relatively high-ranking and influential positions within the Islamic State hierarchy. While the ISIS presence in America is often characterized by so-called “lone wolves ” attackers who claim allegiance to the Islamic State but show little formal connections either to its operatives overseas or other likeminded Americans  stories like that of Zulfi Hoxha are a reminder of the existence and importance of jihadist recruitment networks in the United States. The extent of these networks does not compare to those in Europe  but they nonetheless play a crucial role in recruiting and mobilizing American foreign fighters for ISIS  who number in the dozens. Indeed  the majority of American foreign fighters we have identified had close connections to other American supporters of ISIS prior to their departure. Some  like Hoxha  made these connections through the internet and  via their new contacts  were able to liaise with ISIS facilitators who helped them travel to Syria.
As the physical caliphate quickly disappears  media reports speak of foreign fighters  including Americans  attempting to lay low in Turkey before deciding their next move. Others have returned to their home countries  much to the concern of law-enforcement officials who sometimes lack the personnel and legal tools to address the issue. However  for the time being  the once-feared “wave” of returning Western foreign fighters has only amounted to a trickle. Yet even from afar  Western ISIS recruits wield influence on their sympathizers back home. * * * In May 2017  the Islamic State media office in Iraq’s Nineveh province released a 45-minute video entitled “We Will Surely Guide Them To Our Ways.” Like many Islamic State media productions  the video includes cameos of foreign fighters from several countries. One of the masked men depicted in the video is an American going by the name of “Abu Hamza al-Amriki.” Speaking in an inflected American accent  he criticizes the United States-led efforts against Islamic State and exhorts the “muwahiddin [believers]” in America to carry out domestic attacks: “Are you incapable of stabbing a kaffir [non-Muslim] with a knife  throwing him off of a building  or running him over with a car? Liberate yourself from hellfire by killing a kaffir.” Later  he shows off American-made rocket launchers  reportedly taken from Shia and Kurdish militias after Islamic State defeated them on the battlefield. During a two-year investigation on the cadre of Americans who successfully travelled to Syria and Iraq to join the group  federal records revealed that Abu Hamza al-Amriki is Zulfi Hoxha.
By the time of the video’s release  the U.S. Department of Justice was already knee-deep in the prosecution of several domestic Islamic State supporters who allegedly assisted Hoxha in his travel to join the group. One of these individuals  David “Daoud” Wright  was sentenced in December 2017 to 28 years in federal prison  after being convicted of providing material support to Islamic State and conspiring to murder U.S. citizens. As a result of evidence introduced at Wright’s trial  a number of details about  Hoxha    his  connections to Wright and  his  co-conspirators  and  his  role in Islamic State quietly became available. At the time of the video’s filming   Hoxha  was around 25 years old. Records of  his  travel from the U.S. Customs and Border Protection  filed as court exhibits  show  Hoxha  departing the United States for Istanbul  Turkey on April 6  2015.  He  arrived in Islamic State-held territory in Syria shortly thereafter. According to its sentencing memorandum in the Wright case  U.S. law enforcement now assesses that  Hoxha  “has become an ISIS senior commander ” but the filing provides no further details as to his role or current whereabouts. However  the May 2017 video puts him in northwestern Iraq. This is so far the only instance in which the U.S. government has confirmed the name (and American citizenship) of an Islamic State member who appears in one of the group’s media products. While a number of Americans have appeared in terrorist propaganda videos over the years  law enforcement rarely comments on their identity. Moreover  the government does not often publicly release its assessments of American Islamic State members’ role or rank.  Hoxha ’s apparent status in the group places  him  in an elite category of the group’s American members who have risen to some level of leadership. Most American Islamic State supporters never made it to Syria. In the last three years  more than 50 were arrested attempting to the make the journey. Still others were charged for activities ranging from raising money for the group to planning attacks.
Following the Wright trial  we made repeated attempts to gain more information on  Hoxha  from official channels. A representative from the U.S. Attorney’s office in Massachusetts declined to comment  as did the FBI’s national office. Matthew Reilly  spokesman for the New Jersey U.S. Attorney’s Office stated  “no defendant by that name has been charged in the District of New Jersey.” Unofficially  intelligence sources confirmed a rumor we had quietly chased for months. In October 2015  a video was released by the Islamic State of a purported American brutally beheading a Kurdish peshmerga soldier. The 15-minute video  shot from multiple camera angles  features four individuals dressed in black and standing behind captured Kurdish soldiers. Its subject speaks with the same accent and inflection as  Hoxha  in the May 2017 release. Multiple law-enforcement officials told us that the individual who says he is “delivering a message to Obama” and then commits the first execution is  Hoxha . If officially confirmed  it would be the first case of an American Islamic State member beheading someone in a propaganda video. * * * Little is known about  Hoxha ’s personal background. A search for  his  online activity finds a defunct Twitter account bearing  his  name  which interacted with other Islamic State supporters  as well as detractors. In October 2014  for example  the account engaged in conversation with the State Department’s “Think Again Turn Away” account  which at the time was trying to counter Islamic State messaging on the platform. He was actually not the first American jihadi to do so. Around the same time  a 17-year-old  Ali Amin  was also trolling the State Department Twitter account. A short time later  he was arrested and ultimately sentenced to 11 years for encouraging his high school friend to join the Islamic State.
 Hoxha ’s presence elsewhere online also reveals links to how  he  connected with  his  future co-conspirators. An account on the gaming website Steam bearing the username “Hohxa77” lists  his  favorite titles  including Splinter Cell  Mortal Kombat  and Left 4 Dead. Indeed  this shared interest in video games may have been one of the first things that brought  Hoxha  together with David Wright  who was listed as a friend on  his  Steam account under the name “d.sharifwright.” During Wright’s trial  prosecutors argued that he used several video games  including Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare and other titles to “virtually prepare” for jihad. His defense attorneys  however  painted Wright  who weighed over 400 pounds at the time of the conspiracy  as a “fat  failed loser” who used video games as a substitute for real-life violent activity  according to the trial transcript. Unfortunately  one can be both a gamer who veers towards violence and weigh in at 400 pounds of loneliness and isolation. Islamic State’s 2015 instructional manual for its Western supporters  “How to Survive in the West ” includes references to video games as a method of training to join the group. More importantly  it may have brought together Wright and Hoxha  who unlike Wright successfully followed through on his intentions to support the Islamic State using violence. At the trial  investigators claimed that Wright and  Hoxha ’s conspiracy began in November 2014  although the two may have virtually met one another as early as 2010. The two most revealing elements of Wright and  Hoxha ’s online interactions are their use of Skype and the social-networking site Paltalk. According to court records  at the time  Wright (under the alias Umar Mukhtar Abdul-Qadir) and  Hoxha  were both members of chatrooms on Paltalk called “The Solution for Humanity” and “Road to Jannah.”
During Wright’s interrogation  which was recounted at trial in testimony by a local police officer  he claimed that  Hoxha  reached out to him via Paltalk and asked him if he was interested in Islamic State. Wright told the officer that he responded three weeks later after conducting research  telling  Hoxha  that  he  believed that Islamic State’s’ mission was legitimate and necessary. From this point on  Hoxha and Wright were in frequent contact via Paltalk and Skype’s instant messenger service  sharing videos  issues of Islamic State’s official magazine Dabiq  and news articles about the group and its activities. These conversations between Wright and  Hoxha  continued until April 2015  when  Hoxha  left the U.S. to join Islamic State. Among the subjects of most interest were the best options for joining and what would ensure the maximum religious reward. Some early Western travelers believed that they could migrate to Islamic State-held territory (an act that the group refers to as hijrah)  but only participate in the societal aspects of the self-declared Caliphate while avoiding combat and violence. Neither Wright nor  Hoxha  appear to have held that naïve delusion. According to trial exhibits of their conversations  Wright cautioned  Hoxha  that “if you want to travel and live under a dawla [Islamic state] there is no harm in that  but you won’t receive the reward from Allah like those who are assembled in the ranks unless you assemble in the ranks.”
 Hoxha  and Wright’s respective commitments to violence are demonstrated elsewhere in their conversations  which were introduced into the trial exhibits. The two men sent each other links to Islamic State propaganda material  including the February 2015 video that depicted the burning of Jordanian pilot Muath al-Kasasbeh. They also exchanged information about how to buy guns online. As with most known cases of Americans travelling to join Islamic State  the internet proved a useful tool for  Hoxha . While it is often tempting to assume that individuals are “radicalized online” through their consumption of propaganda  this is rarely the case. More commonly  the internet allows people to make contacts with and plug themselves into pre-existing  real-world recruitment and radicalization networks. In  Hoxha ’s case  the network  he  found would encourage and eventually facilitate  his  travel to Islamic State territory. The court records show that prior to  Hoxha ’s departure  David Wright put  him  in touch with another American Islamic State supporter  his uncle Usaamah Rahim  and together they began helping  Hoxha  as  he  prepared to travel in the spring of 2015. The two men raised money for  Hoxha ’s plane ticket to Istanbul by selling Rahim’s laptop on Craigslist.  Hoxha  departed for Istanbul on April 6. A day earlier  Rahim contacted Wright on Skype with instructions from  Hoxha . “AsSalaamu A'laikum Zulfi asked me if you could delete his name off Skype ” Rahim writes. “But before you do it  if you have any saved messages to him go to ‘tools ’ go to ‘options ’ then click on ‘privacy ’ and click ‘clear history.’” These steps removed the interactions between  Hoxha  and Wright on Skype  but did not clear the metadata that would later be used in Wright’s trial.
Throughout his journey  trial exhibits show   Hoxha  remained in contact with Rahim via various encrypted messengers  confirming his arrival at a safe house and then dropping out of contact after saying he was leaving for training. Thereafter  Rahim kept tabs on  Hoxha ’s activity via another Islamic State member who he contacted on encrypted messengers: the influential British Islamic State facilitator and virtual attack planner Junaid Hussain. In later conversations between Hussain and Rahim  Hussain comments on  Hoxha ’s location and whereabouts  saying that  he  was “in training” at an Islamic State camp. This indicates that Hussain may have helped  Hoxha  cross into the group’s territory. Wright  Rahim and a third member of the group  Nicholas Rovinski  eventually decided on a different path than that taken by  Hoxha . They were in the early stages of a plot to kidnap and behead the anti-Islam activist Pamela Geller when  on June 2  2015  Rahim was stopped by police outside of CVS in Roslindale  Massachusetts. They wanted to question him after wiretapping a conversation between Rahim and Wright that morning during which they discussed attack plans. Refusing to co-operate  Rahim pulled a hunting knife on the officers and was shot dead. Wright and Rovinski were arrested shortly afterward and charged with a range of offences; in 2016 Rovinski pleaded guilty to conspiracy charges related to the plot . He testified against Wright  who was convicted in 2017 and is now serving a 28-year sentence.
[EX A]: A New American Leader Rises in ISIS

[EX Q]: But no matter who wins the national election  few believe that Greece can go on without a major overhaul of its government. In Thessaloniki   Mr. Boutaris  has been trying to do that on a local scale for 18 months  bringing  his  experience as a businessman to bear on the bloated work force  the tangled regulations and the huge debt that afflicts the city  much as it does the country.
Many of  his  efforts have prompted city workers to strike and protest. But  he  is undeterred. Nor does  he  have any patience for the shop owners who have ignored  his  efforts to clean up the look of this gracious but somewhat shabby city by enforcing rules about modest signage.
âThere was one guy who said to me  he  wants Thessaloniki to be like Hong Kong â  Mr. Boutaris  said with a shake of  his  head and an expletive. âWell  I said  âI donât want to be like Hong Kong. You think your business will be destroyed because you donât have a sign on the fifth floor? I donât think so.â â
Thessaloniki was about $126 million in debt when  Mr. Boutaris  a successful winemaker   was sworn into office. ( His  predecessor has since been indicted  along with 17 others. They are accused of stealing almost $38 million.) The city was doing a poor job of delivering basic services  most importantly in garbage collection. It was losing manufacturing jobs to Bulgaria. And as far as  Mr. Boutaris  was concerned  Thessaloniki was far from meeting its potential as a tourist attraction and a port city that offers easy access to the Balkans.
 Mr. Boutaris  has hardly solved all the issues. But  he  is already widely credited with increasing tourism  which  he  sees as a way of generating revenues without the need for expensive investment. Brushing aside centuries of tense relations with Turkey   Mr. Boutaris  set off to Istanbul to initiate a campaign to attract tourists.
Shortly afterward  Turkish Airlines resumed flights here  and the number of Turks visiting the city â the birthplace of Turkeyâs first president  Mustafa Kemal Ataturk â doubled last year.  Mr. Boutaris  has also reached out to Israel because the Thessaloniki region  with a population of about one million  once had a large Jewish population. Cruise ships now stop here more frequently.
At the same time   Mr. Boutaris  has taken measures large and small to rein in the budget.  He  hired an auditor to get to the bottom of the cityâs finances  which until recently still involved cash transactions into city pension funds. (Employees were handed stacks of bills and told to make deposits. This is said to have played a large roll in the indictments.)  He  has forced workers to account for their overtime  started a recycling program and traded in  his  limousine for an economy model. So far   Mr. Boutaris  has reduced costs by 30 percent.
âWhat I am trying to do is to open all fronts and create a huge turbulence â  Mr. Boutaris  said. âWhen you propose the slightest change  people say no. If you do it all at once  it is a different thing. Something has to break through.â
âAnd you cannot step back â  he  added. âIf you step back  you lose.â
 Mr. Boutaris  is a rarity in Greece  where most people who seek higher office are career politicians.  He  won election by just 300 votes.  He  is unusually candid  by Greek standards  about  himself .  He  has admitted to being an alcoholic and no longer drinks. And  he  was divorced for seven years and then remarried  his  wife.
Residents here talk about how approachable  he  is compared with the usual politician.  He  rides a bicycle around town and sits in cafes like everyone else  debating the cityâs problems. In fact   Mr. Boutaris  denies  he  is a politician.  He  says running the city is just a project  something to keep  him  busy now that  he  has turned  his  wine business over to  his  three children.
âMy wife said  âYou need to find something else to do â â  Mr. Boutaris  says of  his  decision to go into politics.
 HE  initially joined the Communist Party  but soon resigned.  He  considers  himself  a socialist  but belongs to no party.  His  goal   he  said  is to make Thessaloniki a place where businesses can flourish. But  he  is not happy with the local merchants. The small shopkeepers   he  said  do not want to pay taxes and complain that the malls are undercutting their business.
 Mr. Boutaris  says they must stay open later to compete with the malls  which are open until 9 p.m. But the shop owners are not interested. Another expletive.
Before taking office   Mr. Boutaris  was known for  his  winery and for establishing a preserve to protect bears and wolves.  He  says  his  intent was to preserve the forest  but the bears were an easier selling point. âEverybody likes bears â  he  said. âThe forest would have been harder.â
The garbage trucks are also a problem. More than half are out for repairs at any given time. So  Mr. Boutaris  has decided to contract the maintenance to a private company. City workers promptly went on strike  fearing further privatization. âIt will be settled soon â  he  said. âIâm 70 years old  and I believe I know what I am doing.â
[EX A]:
Thessaloniki Tackles Greeceâs Problems in Miniature