Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Wnt proteins are important for developmental processes and certain diseases. WNT5A is a non-canonical Wnt protein that previously has been shown to play a role in the progression of malignant melanoma. High expression of WNT5A in melanoma tumors correlates to formation of distant metastasis and poor prognosis. This has partly been described by the findings that WNT5A expression in melanoma cell lines increases migration and invasion.', 'Malignant melanoma cell lines were treated with rWNT5A or WNT5A siRNA, and mRNA versus protein levels of soluble mediators were measured using RT-PCR, cytokine bead array and ELISA. The induced signaling pathways were analyzed using inhibitors, Rho-GTPase pull down assays and western blot. Ultracentrifugation and electron microscopy was used to analyze microvesicles. Gene expression microarray data obtained from primary malignant melanomas was used to verify our data.', 'We show that WNT5A signaling induces a Ca2+-dependent release of exosomes containing the immunomodulatory and pro-angiogenic proteins IL-6, VEGF and MMP2 in melanoma cells. The process was independent of the transcriptional machinery and depletion of WNT5A reduced the levels of the exosome-derived proteins. The WNT5A induced exosomal secretion was neither affected by Tetanus toxin nor Brefeldin A, but was blocked by the calcium chelator Bapta, inhibited by a dominant negative version of the small Rho-GTPase Cdc42 and was accompanied by cytoskeletal reorganization. Co-cultures of melanoma/endothelial cells showed that depletion of WNT5A in melanoma cells decreased endothelial cell branching, while stimulation of endothelial cells with isolated rWNT5A-induced melanoma exosomes increased endothelial cell branching in vitro. Finally, gene expression data analysis of primary malignant melanomas revealed a correlation between WNT5A expression and the angiogenesis marker ESAM.
Does wNT5A induce release of exosomes containing pro-angiogenic and immunosuppressive factors from malignant melanoma cells?

The purpose was to investigate whether patient-specific factors (PSF) and surgically modifiable factors (SMF), measured by means of a computer-assisted navigation system, can predict the Knee Society Scores (KSS) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).', 'Data from 99 patients collected during a randomized clinical trial were used for this secondary data analysis. The KSS scores of the patients were measured preoperatively and at 4-years follow-up. Multiple regression analyses were performed to investigate which combination of variables would be the best to predict the 4-years KSS scores.', 'When considering SMF alone the combination of four of them significantly predicted the 4-years KSS-F score (p\u2009=\u20090.009), explaining 18\xa0% of its variation. When considering only PSF the combination of age and body weight significantly predicted the 4-years KSS-F (p\u2009=\u20090.008), explaining 11\xa0% of its variation. When considering both groups of predictors simultaneously the combination of three PSF and two SMF significantly predicted the 4-years KSS-F (p\u2009=\u20090.007), explaining 20\xa0% of its variation.
Do surgically modifiable factors measured by computer-navigation together with patient-specific factors predict knee society score after total knee arthroplasty?

Atherosclerosis is looked upon as an inflammatory disease. The production of proinflammatory markers may indicate activity in this inflammatory state.', 'We prospectively evaluated a range of proinflammatory serum parameters in 136 cardiac patients who had previously undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).', 'By means of myocardial scintigraphy, an ischemia group (A; n=49) and a group with stable cardiovascular disease without exercise induced ischemia (B; n=87) were distinguished. Risk factors and lipoprotein profile of both groups were comparable. Serum levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, sTNF-RI, IGF-I, neopterin, serotonin and prolactin did not present any significant difference between the two groups.

Do proinflammatory parameters as CRP and IL-6 discriminate between post-PCI cardiac patients with and without exercise-induced ischemia as indicated by Tl-201 myocardial scintigraphy?