TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you're given a question, along with three passages, 1, 2, and 3. Your job is to determine which passage can be used to answer the question by searching for further information using terms from the passage. Indicate your choice as 1, 2, or 3.
PROBLEM: Question: Was James Byrne still the 1st Catholic Bishop of Toowoomba when he died? Passage 1:From 1983 until Kunstler's death in 1995, Ron Kuby was his junior partner. The two took on controversial civil rights and criminal cases, including cases where they represented Sheikh Omar Abdel-Rahman, head of the Egyptian-based terrorist group Gama'a al-Islamiyah, responsible for the 1993 World Trade Center bombing; Colin Ferguson, the man responsible for the 1993 Long Island Rail Road shooting, who would later reject Kuby & Kunstler's legal counsel and choose to represent himself at trial; Qubilah Shabazz, the daughter of Malcolm X, accused of plotting to murder Louis Farrakhan of the Nation of Islam; Glenn Harris, a New York City public school teacher who absconded with a fifteen-year-old girl for two months; Nico Minardos, a flamboyant actor indicted by Rudy Giuliani for conspiracy to ship arms to Iran; Darrell Cabey, one of the persons shot by Bernard Goetz; and associates of the Gambino crime family.
 Passage 2:Misfit made her debut in K-Pop music industry as a lyricist at S.M. Entertainment after writing the lyrics for "Up & Down" and "Ready or Not", tracks from Shinee's second studio album Lucifer. The album was released on July 19, 2010. In 2011, she wrote the lyrics of f(x)'s single "Pinocchio (Danger)" along with fellow label-mate songwriter Kenzie. The single was released on April 20, 2011. Later that year, she continued working with the agency by writing the lyrics for Super Junior's "Walkin'", a track from their fifth studio album Mr. Simple. Her first work outside the company was writing the lyrics for "Someday", a single from U-Kiss's second album Neverland which was released on September 1, 2011.
 Passage 3:Joyce was ordained priest on 31 October 1930 in the Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament, Christchurch by his uncle James Byrne, the 1st Catholic Bishop of Toowoomba. He then spent three years in Auckland and was the chaplain at Sacred Heart College, then located in Ponsonby. Joyce returned to Christchurch in 1934 to be assistant priest at Addington and then at Riccarton. In 1937 he was loaned to the Diocese of Toowoomba where he assisted his uncle James Byrne until he died on 11 February 1938. In 1941 Joyce was appointed chaplain to the New Zealand Military Forces and served with New Zealand troops in Tonga and Fiji. In Fiji he was attached to the headquarters of the Fiji Infantry Brigade Group and was associated with many activities for the promotion of the welfare of the troops in his area. After his demobilisation in 1945, Joyce was posted to the reserve of officers with the rank of Major He was stationed at the Cathedral in Christchurch and engaged in rehabilitation work for returned soldiers. He represented Bishop Lyons for three years on the Labour Department immigration committee. At the same time he was involved with general Catholic activities being spiritual adviser to the Catholic Women's League and the Catholic Men's Luncheon Club. Joyce was very involved during the Ballantyne's fire tragedy of 1947 and represented Bishop Lyons at the mass funeral for the victims. Joyce became parish priest at Sockburn in 1947.


SOLUTION: 3

PROBLEM: Question: Who has been playing baseball longer between the pitcher who struck out Ryan Ludwick and the catcher who threw out Cristian Guzmán? Passage 1:PA 42 begins at an intersection with PA 61 in the near ghost town of Centralia in Columbia County, which has been largely abandoned because of a mine fire. From PA 61, the route heads north on two-lane undivided Locust Avenue. The road passes through abandoned areas of the town which have been overgrown with trees. The route turns east and crosses into Conyngham Township, becoming South Main Street and heading into forested areas. PA 42 becomes a four-lane road and heads to the northwest, passing through the residential community of Aristes, where it narrows back to two lanes. The road curves to the northeast and becomes Numidia Drive, heading into the Weiser State Forest and turning to the northwest as it crosses Big Mountain. The route turns west and northwest through more dense forests, passing to the east of Shamokin Reservoir. Continuing to the west-northwest, PA 42 enters Locust Township as it crosses Little Mountain, leaving the state forest and turning to the north. The road heads into open agricultural areas with some woods and residences. The route briefly turns northwest before heading north again and passing through the community of Numidia. PA 42 curves to the northwest as it heads through more rural areas, crossing the Roaring Creek and continuing into Catawissa Township. The road runs through a mix of farmland and woodland with some homes, gaining a second northbound lane. The route becomes a four-lane road in a wooded area before turning into a three-lane road with one northbound lane and two southbound lanes. PA 42 comes to an intersection with PA 487, at which point that route joins PA 42 for a concurrency, with the two routes heading north through more woodland as a two-lane road. The road crosses the Catawissa Creek into Catawissa and becomes Mill Street, heading northwest into residential areas. PA 42 splits from PA 487 by heading west-northwest on Main Street, heading through the commercial downtown of Catawissa. The road crosses Norfolk Southern's Sunbury Line before heading across the Susquehanna River, at which point the road becomes Rupert Drive and heads into Montour Township. Here, the route turns north and crosses the North Shore Railroad. PA 42 runs through wooded areas immediately to the west of the railroad tracks with the Susquehanna River a short distance to the east. The road turns north-northwest away from the railroad tracks and heads through the residential community of Rupert. The route passes through more woodland with some homes before reaching an interchange with US 11. 
 Passage 2:In the eighth inning, Miguel Tejada singled, and with one out attempted to steal second base. Catcher Dioner Navarro made a poor throw to get Tejada, and the ball ended up in center field, allowing Tejada to advance to third base on the error. Tejada scored on a sacrifice fly by Adrián González, and the NL retook the lead. In the bottom half of the inning, after Brian Wilson retired the first two batters, Billy Wagner gave up a single to Grady Sizemore. Sizemore proceeded to steal second base (one of a record six stolen bases by both sides), and pinch-hitter Evan Longoria hit a ground rule double to left field to tie the game once again. With Mariano Rivera in to pitch with one out in the ninth inning for the American League, Rivera struck out Ryan Ludwick and Navarro threw out Cristian Guzmán as he attempted to steal second, thus ending the inning. Ryan Dempster struck out the side in the bottom of the ninth to force the game into extra innings.
 Passage 3:There are few firm biographical details concerning Juan de Torquemada, most of which have to be deduced from his own work. Even basic information is subject to uncertainty and controversy. Born at Torquemada, Palencia, north central Spain, at an unknown date before 1566 (Miguel León-Portilla argues in detail for 1562) he was brought by his parents to New Spain probably while still a child. He took the Franciscan habit, as is generally agreed, in 1579, and pursued a course of studies in Latin, theology, philosophy and Nahuatl. Brief notices in his own works put him at the convent in Tlacopan in 1582 and (while still a youth) at the convent in Chiauhtla - the presumption being that these relate to his novitiate. It is uncertain if he began his studies at the convento mayor de San Francisco in Mexico City, but it is presumed that part at least of his studies were conducted while resident at the convent of Santiago, Tlatelolco. Among his teachers he names fray Juan Bautista (who taught him theology) and Antonio Valeriano (who taught him Nahuatl and whom he especially praised for his talents). At some time in the early 1580s he was sent by his superiors to Guatemala where he encountered the conquistador Bernal Díaz del Castillo. By 1584 he was certainly at the convent of San Francisco, where he assisted in the infirmary. The conjectured date of his priestly ordination is 1587 or 1588.


SOLUTION: 2

PROBLEM: Question: How long had Barry Goudreau been a band member before Boston's first album was released? Passage 1:Billboard Magazine rated the song one of the best cuts on Don't Look Back. Greil Marcus rated the song as one of three masterpieces on Don't Look Back, along with "A Man I'll Never Be" and "Used to Bad News." Allmusic critic Tim Sendra described its riff as "killer," saying that it was similar to that in "More Than a Feeling." The New Rolling Stone Album Guide critic Paul Evans felt that "Don't Look Back" was the one song on its album that could "hold its own" on Boston's first album. Ultimate Classic Rock critic Eduardo Rivadavia similarly stated that it "met every expectation set by Boston’s nearly perfect debut." Ultimate Classic Rock critic Michael Gallucci rated it the band's 4th all time best song. AXS contributor Bill Craig similarly rated it Boston's 3rd greatest song, describing it as an "arena rock style sonic blast." Philip Booth of the Lakeland Ledger called it one "of the most-played-by-garage-band rockers of the '70s." Pete Prown and Harvey P. Newquist praised the "layers of guitar harmonies" as well as Barry Goudreau's slide guitar playing and rideout guitar solo. Ottawa Journal critic Mike Voslin rated the song as a live performance highlight.
 Passage 2:Ibrahim was born in Cape Town on 9 October 1934, and was baptized Adolph Johannes Brand. He attended Trafalgar High School in Cape Town's District Six, and began piano lessons at the age of seven, making his professional debut at 15. He is of mixed-race heritage, making him a Coloured person according to the South African government. His mother played piano in a church, the musical style of which would remain an influence; in addition, he learned to play several genres of music during his youth in Cape Town, including marabi, mbaqanga, and American jazz. He became well known in jazz circles in Cape Town and Johannesburg. In 1959 and 1960, Ibrahim played with the Jazz Epistles group in Sophiatown, alongside saxophonist Kippie Moeketsi, trumpeter Hugh Masekela, trombonist Jonas Gwangwa (who were all in the orchestra of the musical King Kong that opened in Johannesburg in February 1959), bassist Johnny Gertze and drummer Makaya Ntshoko; in January 1960, the six musicians went into the Gallo studio and recorded the first full-length jazz LP by Black South African musicians, Jazz Epistle Verse One, with 500 copies being produced. Although the group avoided explicitly political activity, the apartheid government was suspicious of it and other jazz groups, and targeted them heavily during the increase in state repression following the Sharpeville massacre, and eventually, the Jazz Epistles broke up.
 Passage 3:Sara Jordan Powell was born on October 6, 1938 in Houston, Texas, the daughter of a minister and pastor at the Turner Memorial Church of God in Christ, and his wife, who was a homemaker. She was born the third of twelve children in her family. Powell started singing at the age of two years. She is a Texas Southern University graduate with a Bachelor's degree in English while minoring in drama and history. After graduation from Texas Southern University, she headed out to Chicago, Illinois to live with her sister, and she apprenticed under, Thomas A. Dorsey, while she was working for him during her tenure in Chicago. She was found by the Sallie Martin Singers while in Chicago with Dorsey, and she joined the group, after auditioning successfully. After the Sallie Martin Singers, she was a part of the Voices of Melody, headed by Dr. Charles Clency. Soon thereafter her father became ill and died, and she and her husband departed for Houston in order to handle the church's affairs. While she was back in Houston, Powell became a teacher at a school, where she was encouraged to sing during a commencement ceremony, and after that she was a highly sought after local artist. Around 1971, Rev. James Cleveland eavesdropped on one of her singing engagements in Los Angeles, California, and at his request, she met with him the next day. He asked her about recording, but Powell had never given it much thought. He encouraged her, and she quickly found success in 1972 with the songs, "Touch Somebody's Life" and "When Jesus Comes," which achieved significant radio airtime, and were on her debut album "Touch Somebody's Life" that came out in 1975 on the Savoy label. She attended Southwest Theological Seminary, and obtained her Master's degree from University of St. Thomas, after achieving musical success. Powell had the opportunity to perform "Amazing Grace" for President Jimmy Carter at the White House, while they were honoring the Black Music Association, with the likes of Chuck Berry, Billy Eckstine, Evelyn "Champagne" King, and Andraé Crouch on June 7, 1979. She was an academic advisor at Oral Roberts University after she and her husband relocated there for her husband to pursue his Juris Doctor degree. Powell was the Church of God in Christ's Fine Arts Executive Director for ten years. She was asked to served on the Year of the Bible Committee by President Ronald Reagan. Powell had the opportunity to minister to President Bill Clinton in Memphis, Tennessee, along with Dr. Bernard Johnson, at the requested of Bishop Lewis Henry Ford.


SOLUTION:
1