instruction:
In this task, you are given a sentence or phrase in English. You must translate it to Xhosa in a way that is equivalent in terms of meaning and grammatically correct.
question:
The term applied to various devices fastened to or hung over the sides of a vessel to prevent rubbing or chafing against other vessels or piers. On small craft, as tug boats, fenders of timber faced with hardwood or flat steel plate, or of steel structure run fore and aft on the outside of the vessel above the waterline and are firmly secured to the hull. Wood spars, bundles of rope, woven cane, or rope-covered cork are hung over the sides by lines when permanent fenders are not fitted.
answer:
Igama elisetyenziswa kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo eziqhoboshelwa okanye ezixhonywa ngaphezu kwamacala enqanawe ukunqanada ukhuhleko kwezinye iinqanawe nakwiblorho ekumisa kuyo ezinye iinqanawe


question:
Tremulant light seen in night towards direction of north or south poles of Earth.
answer:
Ungcangcazelo lokhanyo olubonwa ebusuku kumantla okanye kumazantsi eepali zomhlaba


question:
In the technical field extensive changes and improvements are occurring which above all are reflected in the adoption of more rational solutions in the field of maritime transport.
answer:

Kumasimi obugcisa ngaphandle utshintsho nenkqubela ziyenzeka zona zibonakaliswa ekuthatheni ngokusemthethweni isisombululo esilingana kakhulu kumasimi ezithuthi zaselwandle