In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Q: Context: In HIV patients, disorders in glucose metabolism seem to be side effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) which may be favoured by obesity, abdominal fat accumulation and familial disposition for diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of our study was to identify patients at high risk for abnormalities in glucose metabolism taking into account HAART, familial disposition for DM and anthropometric parameters.', 'Plasma glucose, insulin, c-peptide and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment, HOMA) were determined in 44 HIV patients [16 without HAART, 19 with protease inhibitors (PI), 9 without PI (non-PI)] and in 11 healthy subjects. Glucose tolerance was determined by standard procedures. Body mass index (BMI), triceps skin fold thickness and waist circumference were measured and the waist-to-hip-ratio was calculated. Familial disposition for DM was assessed by questionnaire.', 'Impaired fasting glucose was observed in 28% of HAART-treated patients (21% with PI, 7% non-PI), in 13% of HAART-naive but none in healthy controls. 58% of PI, 44% of non-PI, 38% of HAART-naive and none of healthy controls had a HOMA-index > 2.5 which indicates insulin resistance. HAART-treated patients had significantly higher fasting glucose levels (PI: 97 +/- 11 mg/dL, p = 0.048; non-PI: 109 +/- 58 mg/dL, p = 0.009) compared to healthy controls (72 +/- 8 mg/dL). HOMA-Index was higher in PI treated patients (3.74 +/- 3.08) than in HIV negative controls (0.95 +/- 0.28, p = 0.018). The duration of HAART (p = 0.045), overweight and familial disposition for DM (p = 0.017) significantly affected fasting glucose among PI users. Waist circumference affected c-peptide (p = 0.046) concentration in these patients.\Question: Are overweight HIV patients with abdominal fat distribution treated with protease inhibitors at high risk for abnormalities in glucose metabolism - a reason for glycemic control?

A: HIV patients on long-term PI therapy with overweight and familial disposition for DM are at high risk to develop abnormalities of glucose metabolism. Thus, measurements of HOMA-Index, BMI and waist circumference should be routinely done especially in PI medicated patients.
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Q: Context: To investigate the role of the anti-cellular immune response in the protection of rhesus macaques against infection with the simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac. To determine the biological differences between SIV challenge stocks grown either on human T-cell lines or on monkey peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MPBMC).', 'A protective SIVmac split vaccine was administered to rhesus macaques and their anti-, B- and T-cell response monitored. Vaccinees and controls were challenged with SIVmac grown either on human or on monkey cells. The in vivo replication rate of, and the immune response to, the two viruses was compared.', 'Five rhesus macaques were immunized with a total of 2 mg each of purified SIVmac251/32H grown on the human C8166 T-cell line. The antibody and proliferative T-cell responses were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and T-cell proliferation assay, respectively. Four protected animals and four controls were reboosted and challenged with MPBMC-grown SIVmac251 (SIVmac251/MPBMC). Cell-free virus load was determined by titration of plasma for SIV infectivity on C8166 cells and antigen with a core antigen capture assay.', 'Protection from virus challenge with C8166-grown SIVmac251/32H or SIVmac251/MPBMC did not correlate with anti-cellular antibodies or proliferative T-cell reactivities. Control animals infected with SIVmac251/MPBMC showed high persistent antigenaemia and high plasma virus titres. Both were absent in controls infected with complement C8166-grown SIVmac251/32H. Whereas the latter always seroconverted against the full panel of viral polypeptides, SIVmac251/MPBMC-infected animals showed a drastically decreased antibody response.\Question: Does protection of monkeys by a split vaccine against SIVmac depend upon biological properties of the challenge virus?

A: Neither the antibody nor the proliferative T-cell response to SIVmac correlates with protection from virus challenge. In contrast to SIVmac251/32H grown on C8166 cells, the MPBMC-grown challenge virus SIVmac251 appears to belong to the 'rapid-high' phenotype, possibly explaining the lack of protection against this SIV.
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Q: Context: In adults with growth hormone (GH) deficiency (GHD), GH treatment restores impaired endothelial function, a precursor of cardiovascular disease. Its effect in children with GHD is unknown.', 'Three months of GH (0.3 mg/kg/wk) were given to nine children with GHD. Endothelial function was measured via reactive hyperemic response. Forearm blood flow (FBF, strain gauge plethysmography) was measured before and after 5 min of upper arm arterial occlusion. Blood pressure and lipid, insulin and glucose levels were measured. Pretreatment endothelial function was compared to 18 previously studied control children.', 'Percent fall in forearm vascular resistance was greater in controls (81.2 +/- 1.9%) than in children with GHD (69.6 +/- 5.3%, p = 0.021) but was not affected by GH (60.6 +/- 7.5%). GH markedly increased HOMAIR (21 +/- 7 versus 43 +/- 8, p = 0.004). Plasma lipid levels did not significantly differ.\Question: Does growth hormone ( GH ) treatment restore endothelial function in children with GH deficiency?

A:
These results indicate that endothelial function is impaired in children with GHD. GH therapy does not restore the impairment.
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