instruction:
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
question:
The purpose of this study is to determine whether chiropractic manipulation is associated with any measurable changes in the difference between the arterial blood pressures on the left and right before and after treatment in normotensive subjects.', 'A nonrandomized, matched pair, controlled clinical trial, with the treatment (manipulation) group and control (resting) group matched for age and sex, was performed in chiropractic student clinics in London, UK. The treatment group consisted of 35 new patients presenting to a single student chiropractor between the start of April 2003 and the end of August 2003. The control group consisted of 35 nonpatients matched for sex and age. The intervention was chiropractic manipulation. Preintervention and postintervention systolic and diastolic blood pressures were recorded in both arms through the use of a digital oscillometric sphygmomanometer.', "A significant difference was found between the pre- and posttreatment blood pressure differences for systolic pressures (P = .01), but no significant difference was found in either set of control data or the treatment diastolic values. A significant difference was also found between the treatment and control group's preintervention systolic differences (P = .002), but not between the groups at any other time.
answer:
Does chiropractic manipulation affect the difference between arterial systolic blood pressures on the left and right in normotensive subjects?


question:
Increased lipid supply causes beta cell death, which may contribute to reduced beta cell mass in type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is necessary for lipid-induced apoptosis in beta cells and also whether ER stress is present in islets of an animal model of diabetes and of humans with type 2 diabetes.', 'Expression of genes involved in ER stress was evaluated in insulin-secreting MIN6 cells exposed to elevated lipids, in islets isolated from db/db mice and in pancreas sections of humans with type 2 diabetes. Overproduction of the ER chaperone heat shock 70 kDa protein 5 (HSPA5, previously known as immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein [BIP]) was performed to assess whether attenuation of ER stress affected lipid-induced apoptosis.', 'We demonstrated that the pro-apoptotic fatty acid palmitate triggers a comprehensive ER stress response in MIN6 cells, which was virtually absent using non-apoptotic fatty acid oleate. Time-dependent increases in mRNA levels for activating transcription factor 4 (Atf4), DNA-damage inducible transcript 3 (Ddit3, previously known as C/EBP homologous protein [Chop]) and DnaJ homologue (HSP40) C3 (Dnajc3, previously known as p58) correlated with increased apoptosis in palmitate- but not in oleate-treated MIN6 cells. Attenuation of ER stress by overproduction of HSPA5 in MIN6 cells significantly protected against lipid-induced apoptosis. In islets of db/db mice, a variety of marker genes of ER stress were also upregulated. Increased processing (activation) of X-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) mRNA was also observed, confirming the existence of ER stress. Finally, we observed increased islet protein production of HSPA5, DDIT3, DNAJC3 and BCL2-associated X protein in human pancreas sections of type 2 diabetes subjects.
answer:
Does endoplasmic reticulum stress contribute to beta cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes?


question:
The natural product tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) and resveratrol have a variety of biologic activities, including anti-cancer effects. However the pharmacological function of CSTMP (a newly designed and synthesized TMP and resveratrol derivative) in cancer have not been elucidated.', 'In RPMI8226 cells, the cytotoxic effects and apoptosis were detected by MTT and Double staining for Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide (PI). The protein and mRNA expression levels were detected by Real Time PCR and Western blot, respectively. The localization of cleaved caspase-12 was evaluated by immunofluorescent staining. The activation of caspase were measured by colorimetric assays and Western blot.', 'CSTMP showed significantly cytotoxic effects and induced apoptosis in RPMI8226 cells. Caspase activation, Cytochrome c release and Bax, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL levels analyses demonstrated that the anti-cancer effect of CSTMP in RPMI8226 cells was mediated by promoting caspase- and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. In addition, CSTMP induced the increased expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress related proteins (CHOP, GRP78, GRP94 and cleaved caspase-12) and the activation of multiple branches of ER stress transducers (PERK-eIF2α, IRE1α and ATF6). Moreover, knockdown of CHOP by siRNA markedly inhibited CSTMP-induced cytotoxic effects, caspases activity and mitochondrial dysfunction in RPMI8226 cells.
answer:

Does cSTMP induce apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in human myeloma RPMI8226 cells via CHOP-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress?