In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Flexibility for Individual 
Excellence in Education Act of 2007''.

SEC. 2. MODIFICATION TO AMENDMENTS MADE BY NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND ACT OF 
              2001.

    (a) Modifications to Highly Qualified Teacher Standard.--
            (1) Middle or secondary teachers new to profession may use 
        college minor.--Subclause (II) of section 9101(23)(B)(ii) of 
        the Elementary and Secondary School Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        7801(23)(B)(ii)) is amended by inserting ``or minor'' after 
        ``academic major''.
            (2) Extent time teaching is considered.--Subclause (V) of 
        section 9101(23)(C)(ii) of such Act (20 U.S.C. 7801(23)(C)(ii)) 
        is amended by striking ``not be based primarily on'' and 
        inserting ``not be based solely on''.
    (b) Extension Until 2011-12 School Year for Rural Schools To Meet 
All Highly Qualified Teacher Standards; Additional $50 Million 
Authorized To Help Rural Schools Meet Standards.--
            (1) Extension.--Subsection (a) of section 1119 of the 
        Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6319) 
        is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(4) Rural school districts.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding the deadline 
                described in paragraphs (2) and (3), a plan developed 
                by a State educational agency or a local educational 
                agency under this subsection shall ensure that all 
                teachers who are described in such paragraphs, but are 
                teaching in a rural school district, are highly 
                qualified not later than the end of the 2011-2012 
                school year.
                    ``(B) Definition.--For purposes of this paragraph, 
                the term `rural school district' means a local 
                educational agency that--
                            ``(i) meets the eligibility criteria 
                        described in section 6211(b), including by 
                        obtaining a waiver under paragraph (2) of such 
                        section; and
                            ``(ii) employs a percentage of teachers who 
                        are not highly qualified that is higher than 
                        the corresponding percentage for the State 
                        involved.''.
            (2) Additional funding.--Section 6234 of the Elementary and 
        Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7355c) is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``There are'' and inserting ``(a) 
                In General.--There are''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following new 
                subsection:
    ``(b) Additional Funding.--For the purpose of making grants under 
subpart 2 to be used for teacher recruitment, retention, and 
professional development activities described in section 6222(a) in 
rural school districts (as defined in section 1119(a)(4)), there are 
authorized to be appropriated $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2008 and such 
sums as may be necessary for each of the 4 following fiscal years. Such 
authorization shall be in addition to the authorization in subsection 
(a).''.
    (c) Highly Qualified Teacher Rules Limited to Teachers of Core 
Subjects.--
            (1) Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act 
        of 1965 is amended by adding at the end the following new 
        section:

``SEC. 1005. HIGHLY QUALIFIED TEACHER CONCEPT LIMITED TO TEACHERS OF 
              CORE SUBJECTS.

    ``Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, any reference in 
this Act to highly qualified teachers shall be deemed to refer only to 
teachers in core subjects.''.
            (2) The table of contents of such Act is amended by 
        inserting after the item relating to section 1004 the following 
        new item:

``Sec. 1005. Highly qualified teacher concept limited to teachers of 
                            core subjects.''.
    (d) Students With Disabilities Assessed at the Level of Instruction 
in Compliance With Their Individualized Education Plan.--Clause (ix) of 
section 1111(b)(3)(C) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 
1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311(b)(3)(C)) is amended by striking ``and'' at the 
end of subclause (II), by adding ``and'' at the end of subclause (III), 
and by adding at the end the following new subclause:
                                    ``(IV) at the discretion of the 
                                State, the assessment of students with 
                                disabilities (as defined in section 
                                602(3) of the Individuals with 
                                Disabilities Education Act) whose 
                                instructional level in the core 
                                academic subjects is below the grade 
                                level in which the student is enrolled, 
                                by using the State assessment 
                                determined by the student's 
                                individualized education program team 
                                (as described in section 614(d)(1)(B) 
                                of such Act) to most closely correspond 
                                to the student's instructional 
                                level;''.
    (e) Use of Growth Models and Multiple Measures in Determining 
Adequate Yearly Progress.--
            (1) Growth models.--Clause (iii) of section 1111(b)(2)(C) 
        of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 6311(b)(2)(C)) is amended by striking ``for all 
        students'' and inserting ``for all students, as demonstrated by 
        measures of students' progress toward proficiency, including 
        longitudinal growth''.
            (2) Multiple measures.--Subparagraph (A) of section 
        1111(b)(2) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 
        1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311(b)(2)) is amended by striking ``and'' at 
        the end of clause (ii), by striking the period at the end of 
        clause (iii) and inserting ``; and'', and by adding at the end 
        the following new clause:
                            ``(iv) include multiple measures of student 
                        academic achievement, such as the proportion of 
                        State report card indicators met, a performance 
                        index score, student drop-out rate, and a 
                        measure based on individual student achievement 
                        gains over time, disaggregated by each of the 
                        groups of students described in subparagraph 
                        (C)(v).''.
    (f) Adequate Yearly Progress Determined by Group and Subject.--
            (1) Identification of schools in need of improvement.--
                    (A) Subparagraph (A) of section 1116(b)(1) of the 
                Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 6316(b)(1)) is amended by striking ``that 
                fails'' and inserting ``if the same group of students 
                described in section 1111(b)(2)(C)(v) fails in the same 
                academic subject''.
                    (B) Subparagraph (C) of such section is amended by 
                striking ``almost every student in each group specified 
                in section 1111(b)(2)(C)(v) enrolled in such school is 
                meeting or exceeding the State's proficient level of 
                academic achievement'' and inserting ``almost every 
                student in each group enrolled in such school for which 
                there is such a failure in an academic subject is 
                meeting or exceeding the State's proficient level of 
                academic achievement in such subject''.
            (2) Failure to make adequate yearly progress during first 
        year after identification.--So much of the text of paragraph 
        (5) of section 1116(b) of such Act as precedes subparagraph (A) 
        is amended to read as follows: ``If, by the end of the first 
        full school year after identification under paragraph (1) of a 
        school served under this part, any group of students that met 
        the requirements for such identification in an academic subject 
        fails to make adequate yearly progress in such subject, as set 
        out in the State's plan under section 1111(b)(2), the local 
        educational agency serving such school--''.
            (3) Failure to make adequate yearly progress during second 
        year after identification.--So much of the text of subparagraph 
        (C) of section 1116(b)(7) of such Act as precedes clause (i) is 
        amended to read as follows: ``If, by the end of the second full 
        school year after identification under paragraph (1) of a 
        school served under this part, any group of students that met 
        the requirements for such identification in an academic subject 
        fails to make adequate yearly progress in such subject, as set 
        out in the State's plan under section 1111(b)(2), the local 
        educational agency shall--''.
            (4) Failure to make adequate yearly progress during first 
        year after corrective action.--So much of the text of 
        subparagraph (A) of section 1116(b)(8) of such Act as precedes 
        clause (i) is amended to read as follows: ``If, after 1 full 
        year of corrective action under paragraph (7), any group of 
        students (at the school subject to such corrective action) that 
        met the requirements for identification under paragraph (1) in 
        an academic subject continues to fail to make adequate yearly 
        progress in such subject, then the local educational agency 
        shall--''.
    (g) Needs Improvement Label To Be Group and Subject Specific.--
Subparagraph (A) of section 1116(b)(1) of the Elementary and Secondary 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6316(b)(1)) is amended by adding at 
the end the following new sentence: ``Such identification shall apply 
only to each group and subject with respect to which there is such a 
failure.''
    (h) Parental Notification of Needs Improvement To Be Group and 
Subject Specific.--Paragraph (6) of section 1116(b) of the Elementary 
and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6316(b)) is amended by 
striking ``of each student enrolled in an elementary school or a 
secondary school identified for school improvement under paragraph 
(1)'' and inserting ``of each student in each group of students that 
met the requirements for identification in an academic subject under 
paragraph (1)''.
    (i) Transfer Option and Supplemental Services Limited to Students 
From Failing Groups.--
            (1) Clause (i) of section 1116(b)(1)(E) of the Elementary 
        and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6316(b)(1)(E)) 
        is amended by inserting ``in each group described in section 
        1111(b)(2)(C)(v) that met the requirements for such 
        identification'' after ``all students''.
            (2) Paragraphs (5)(A), (7)(C)(i), and (8)(A)(i) of section 
        1116(b) of such Act are each amended by inserting ``in such 
        group'' after ``all students''.
    (j) Local Educational Agencies May Choose To Offer Supplemental 
Educational Services, and Not Public School Choice, on Initial Failure 
To Make Adequate Yearly Progress.--
            (1) In general.--Subparagraph (E) of section 1116(b)(1) of 
        the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        6316(b)(1)) is amended to read as follows:
                    ``(E) Public school choice or supplemental 
                educational services.--In the case of a school 
                identified for school improvement under this paragraph, 
                the local educational agency shall, not later than the 
                first day of the school year following such 
                identification--
                            ``(i) provide all students in each group 
                        described in section 1111(b)(2)(C)(v) that met 
                        the requirements for such identification (and 
                        who are enrolled in the school) with the option 
                        to transfer to another public school served by 
                        the local educational agency, which may include 
                        a public charter school, that has not been 
                        identified for school improvement under this 
                        paragraph, unless such an option is prohibited 
                        by State law, or
                            ``(ii) make supplemental educational 
                        services available consistent with subsection 
                        (e)(1) to students in such group in the 
                        academic subject to which such identification 
                        relates.
                If more than 1 school served by such agency is 
                identified for school improvement under this paragraph 
                or more than 1 group of students meets the requirements 
                for such identification, such agency shall make the 
                same choice under clause (i) or (ii) for all such 
                schools and all such groups.''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--Paragraph (5) of section 1116(b) 
        of such Act is amended to read as follows:
            ``(5) Failure to make adequate yearly progress after 
        identification.--If, by the end of the first full school year 
        after identification under paragraph (1) of a school served 
        under this part, any group of students that met the 
        requirements for such identification in an academic subject 
        fails to make adequate yearly progress in such subject, as set 
        out in the State's plan under section 1111(b)(2), the local 
        educational agency serving such school--
                    ``(A) shall continue to provide the transfer option 
                under clause (i) of paragraph (1)(E) or to make the 
                supplemental educational services available under 
                clause (ii) of such paragraph, whichever was chosen by 
                such agency,
                    ``(B) shall provide the transfer option under such 
                clause (i) or to make the supplemental educational 
                services available under such clause (ii), whichever 
                was not chosen by such agency under such paragraph; and
                    ``(C) shall continue to provide technical 
                assistance.''.
[A]: Flexibility for Individual Excellence in Education Act of 2007 - Amends the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to alter the requirement that teachers be highly qualified by: (1) applying it only to teachers of core subjects; (2) allowing new middle or secondary school teachers to teach subjects for which they earned a college minor; (3) allowing greater consideration to be given to the time experienced teachers have spent teaching a subject; and (4) extending the deadline for rural teachers to meet such requirements.

Provides additional funding for rural teacher recruitment, retention, and professional development activities.

Allows state determinations of students' adequate yearly progress (AYP) toward state academic performance standards to: (1) assess disabled students at the instructional level most closely corresponding to their individualized education plans; and (2) use growth models and multiple measures of student achievement.

Requires local educational agencies (LEAs) to identify schools as needing improvement, corrective action, or restructuring only if they fail to make AYP in the same subject for the same group of students over the requisite period of time. Provides school transfers and supplemental services to students in the failing group, rather than to all students in an affected school. Gives LEAs the option of providing such students with supplemental services rather than transfers for the year following a school's identification as needing improvement.


[Q]: SECTION 1. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Twice since 1989, the northwestern coast of Maui, 
        Hawaii, has been plagued with massive blooms of the green alga, 
        Cladorphora sericea. Blooms of the red alga, Hypnea 
        musciformis, have also occurred in the area and in the Kihei 
        area.
            (2) The algal blooms have destroyed corals and other reef-
        building organisms, and have washed up on beaches and severely 
        impeded the recreational use of affected coastal areas.
            (3) The algal blooms are particularly detrimental to the 
        natural ecological balance of the near-shore reef environment.
            (4) Although the specific causes of the algal blooms are 
        uncertain, algal growth is stimulated in a proportional manner 
        by concentrations of chemicals such as fertilizers and 
        insecticides, which enter the ocean through freshwater runoff.
            (5) The Department of Health of the State of Hawaii has 
        indicated that the department does not have the resources at 
        this time to determine the cause of the algal blooms.
            (6) Extensive research will be required to determine the 
        factors that contribute to algal growth.
            (7) Potential sources of nutrients that may contribute to 
        algal growth include the near-shore disposal of sewage in 
        injection wells from the Lahaina Wastewater Treatment Plant, 
        surface runoff from agricultural lands and urban resort areas, 
        and subsurface point sources in the areas.
            (8) The long-term environmental impacts of the algal blooms 
        are unknown, but in the short term, reefs exposed to the algae 
        are being destroyed and the deterioration of the coral has 
        detrimental effects on fish and other wildlife that depend on 
        the reefs for survival.
            (9) The algal blooms are generating negative economic 
        impacts as well as negative biological impacts, as additional 
        reports indicate that the algae are decreasing the intake of 
        fish caught by local fishermen in the affected marine waters.
            (10) The Maui Algae Task Force is comprised of community 
        environmental activists and has been assembled to address the 
        problem of algal blooms.
            (11) The Maui Algae Task Force hopes to work in cooperation 
        with the Department of Health of the State of Hawaii and the 
        Environmental Protection Agency to identify and eradicate the 
        causes of the algal blooms.

SEC. 2. STUDY.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator of the Environmental Protection 
Agency (hereafter in this Act referred to as the ``Administrator'') 
shall conduct a study to--
            (1) determine the causes of recent algal blooms off the 
        northwestern coast of Maui, Hawaii; and
            (2) research alternatives for the improved management of 
        chemicals present in wastewater treatment and fresh water 
        runoff.
    (b) Study Requirements.--In carrying out the study under this 
section, the Administrator shall--
            (1) survey and monitor--
                    (A) seaweed populations and animals for which the 
                seaweed is a food source;
                    (B) surface water runoff sediments in the study 
                area; and
                    (C) inputs into the study area from subsurface 
                point sources, including any such inputs from the 
                Lahaina wastewater treatment plant; and
            (2) study the responses of--
                    (A) the seaweed populations referred to in 
                paragraph (1)(A) to different concentrations of 
                nutrients; and
                    (B) the animals referred to in paragraph (1)(A) to 
                pesticides and other biological toxins.
    (c) Equipment; Grants.--
            (1) Acquisition of equipment.--In carrying out the study 
        under this section, the Administrator is authorized to acquire 
        such monitoring and testing equipment as the Administrator 
        determines necessary.
            (2) Grants.--In carrying out the study under this section, 
        the Administrator is authorized to establish a grant program to 
        provide grants to eligible entities that submit approved 
        applications to the Administrator. The following entities may 
        submit an application to conduct study activities under this 
        section:
                    (A) The Department of Health of the State of 
                Hawaii.
                    (B) The Maui Algae Task Force.
                    (C) Appropriate Federal, State, or county 
                departments or agencies.
                    (D) Any other entity that the Administrator 
                determines to be appropriate.
    (d) Demonstration Projects.--In carrying out the study under this 
section, the Administrator is authorized to establish demonstration 
projects to identify and implement best management practices for the 
control of nonpoint source pollution from erosion and agricultural 
runoff.
    (e) Reports.--
            (1) Interim report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
        of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to 
        Congress a report that includes interim results of the study 
        conducted under this section, and such recommendations as the 
        Administrator determines to be appropriate.
            (2) Final report.--Not later than January 31, 1996, the 
        Administrator shall submit to Congress a final report that 
        summarizes the results of the study conducted under this 
        section and includes such recommendations as the Administrator 
        determines to be appropriate.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Environmental Protection Agency to carry out this 
section $500,000 for each of fiscal years 1994 and 1995.
[A]: Directs the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency to study and report to the Congress on the causes of recent algal blooms off the northwestern coast of Maui, Hawaii, and to research alternatives for the improved management of chemicals present in wastewater treatment and fresh water runoff. 
Authorizes the Administrator to establish:  (1) a grant program to enable eligible entities to conduct study activities; and (2) demonstration projects to implement best management practices for the control of nonpoint source pollution from erosion and agricultural runoff. 
Authorizes appropriations.


[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Senator Paul Simon Study Abroad 
Program Act of 2017''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) To prepare students for success in the modern global 
        economy, opportunities for study abroad should be included as 
        part of a well-rounded education.
            (2) Study abroad programs provide students with 
        unparalleled access to international knowledge, an unmatched 
        opportunity to learn foreign languages, and a unique 
        environment for developing cultural understanding, all of which 
        are knowledge and skills needed in today's global economy.
            (3) Less than 2 percent of all enrolled postsecondary 
        students in the United States study abroad for credit in any 
        given year, and minority students, first generation college 
        students, community college students, and students with 
        disabilities are significantly underrepresented in study abroad 
        participation.
            (4) Congress authorized the establishment of the Commission 
        on the Abraham Lincoln Study Abroad Fellowship Program pursuant 
        to section 104 of the Miscellaneous Appropriations and Offsets 
        Act, 2004 (division H of Public Law 108-199). Pursuant to its 
        mandate, the Lincoln Commission submitted to Congress and the 
        President a report of its recommendations for greatly expanding 
        the opportunity for students at institutions of higher 
        education in the United States to study abroad, with special 
        emphasis on studying in developing nations.
            (5) According to the Lincoln Commission, ``[e]xperience 
        shows that leadership from administrators and faculty will 
        drive the number of study abroad participants higher and 
        improve the quality of programs. Such leadership is the only 
        way that study abroad will become an integral part of the 
        undergraduate experience.''. A competitive grant program is 
        necessary to encourage and support such leadership.

SEC. 3. PURPOSES.

    The purposes of this Act are--
            (1) to ensure that significantly more students have access 
        to quality study abroad opportunities;
            (2) to ensure that the diversity of students studying 
        abroad reflects the diversity of students and institutions of 
        higher education in the United States;
            (3) to encourage greater diversity in study abroad 
        destinations by increasing the portion of study abroad that 
        takes place in nontraditional study abroad destinations, 
        especially in developing countries; and
            (4) to encourage a greater commitment by institutions of 
        higher education to expand study abroad opportunities.

SEC. 4. SENATOR PAUL SIMON STUDY ABROAD PROGRAM.

    Section 741 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1138) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (12) and (13) as 
                paragraphs (13) and (14), respectively; and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (11) the 
                following:
            ``(12) awarding grants under the Senator Paul Simon Study 
        Abroad Program described in subsection (g);''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Senator Paul Simon Study Abroad Program.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Institution of higher education.--The term 
                `institution of higher education' has the meaning given 
                the term in section 101(a).
                    ``(B) National of the united states.--The term 
                `national of the United States' means a national of the 
                United States or an alien lawfully admitted for 
                permanent residence (as those terms are defined in 
                section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 
                U.S.C. 1101)).
                    ``(C) Nontraditional study abroad destination.--The 
                term `nontraditional study abroad destination' means a 
                location that is determined by the Secretary to be a 
                less common destination for students who study abroad.
                    ``(D) Student.--The term `student' means a national 
                of the United States who is enrolled at an institution 
                of higher education located within the United States.
                    ``(E) Study abroad.--The term `study abroad' means 
                an educational program of study, work, research, 
                internship, or combination thereof that is conducted 
                outside the United States and that carries academic 
                credit.
            ``(2) Senator paul simon study abroad program.--
                    ``(A) Establishment.--There is established in the 
                Department a program to be called the `Senator Paul 
                Simon Study Abroad Program'.
                    ``(B) Objectives.--The objectives of the program 
                established under subparagraph (A) are, that not later 
                than 10 years after the date of enactment of the 
                Senator Paul Simon Study Abroad Program Act of 2017--
                            ``(i) not less than 1,000,000 undergraduate 
                        students will study abroad annually;
                            ``(ii) the demographics of study abroad 
                        participation will reflect the demographics of 
                        the United States undergraduate population by 
                        increasing the participation of 
                        underrepresented groups; and
                            ``(iii) an increasing portion of study 
                        abroad will take place in nontraditional study 
                        abroad destinations, with a substantial portion 
                        of such increases in developing countries.
                    ``(C) Competitive grants to institutions of higher 
                education.--In order to accomplish the objectives set 
                forth in subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall award 
                grants on a competitive basis to institutions of higher 
                education, individually or in a consortium, based on 
                applications by the institutions that--
                            ``(i) set forth detailed plans for using 
                        grant funds to further such objectives;
                            ``(ii) include an institutional commitment 
                        to expanding access to study abroad;
                            ``(iii) include plans for evaluating 
                        progress made in increasing access to study 
                        abroad;
                            ``(iv) describe how increases in study 
                        abroad participation achieved through the grant 
                        will be sustained in subsequent years; and
                            ``(v) demonstrate that the programs have 
                        established health and safety guidelines and 
                        procedures.
                    ``(D) Nongovernmental institutions.--Consortia of 
                institutions of higher education applying for grants 
                described in subparagraph (C) may include 
                nongovernmental institutions that provide and promote 
                study abroad opportunities for students.
                    ``(E) Commission on the abraham lincoln study 
                abroad fellowship program.--In administering the 
                program, the Secretary shall take fully into account 
                the recommendations of the Commission on the Abraham 
                Lincoln Study Abroad Fellowship Program, established 
                pursuant to section 104 of the Miscellaneous 
                Appropriations and Offsets Act, 2004 (division H of 
                Public Law 108-199).
                    ``(F) Consultation.--In carrying out this 
                paragraph, the Secretary shall consult with 
                representatives of diverse institutions of higher 
                education, educational policy organizations, and others 
                with appropriate expertise.
            ``(3) Annual report.--Not later than December 31 of each 
        year following the date of enactment of the Senator Paul Simon 
        Study Abroad Program Act of 2017, the Secretary shall submit to 
        the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the 
        Senate and the Committee on Education and the Workforce of the 
        House of Representatives a report on the implementation of this 
        subsection during the prior fiscal year.
            ``(4) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
        authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection such 
        sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2018 and each 
        subsequent fiscal year.''.
[A]:
Senator Paul Simon Study Abroad Program Act of 2017 This bill amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to establish the Senator Paul Simon Study Abroad Program. Under the program, grants may be awarded for providing and expanding study abroad opportunities for undergraduate students.