In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question based on the context. You have to classify the questions into "Extractive", "Abstractive", or "Yes-no" questions. Extractive questions can be answered by concatenating extracts taken from a context into a summary while answering abstractive questions involves paraphrasing the context using novel sentences. Yes-no question is a question whose expected answer is one of two choices, one that affirms the question and one that denies the question. Typically, the choices are either yes or no.
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Question: For the Russian language, with its rich morphology, lemmatizing the training and testing data for ELMo representations yields small but consistent improvements in the WSD task.  
 Question: What other examples of morphologically-rich languages do the authors give?

Answer: Extractive


Question: What similarities and/or differences do these topics have with non-violent, non-Islamic religious material addressed specifically to women? As these questions suggest, to understand what, if anything, makes extremist appeals distinctive, we need a point of comparison in terms of the outreach efforts to women from a mainstream, non-violent religious group. For this purpose, we rely on an online Catholic women's forum. Comparison between Catholic material and the content of ISIS' online magazines allows for novel insight into the distinctiveness of extremist rhetoric when targeted towards the female population. To accomplish this task, we employ topic modeling and an unsupervised emotion detection method. 
 Question: How are similarities and differences between the texts from violent and non-violent religious groups analyzed?

Answer: Abstractive


Question: We create two models both of which constitutes of three main parts: encoder, interaction and classifier and take two sequences as input. The encoder is shared among the sequences simply uses two stacked GRU layers. The interaction part consists of only attention for one model while for the another one it consists of attention and conflict combined as shown in (eqn.11) . The classifier part is simply stacked fully-connected layers.  
 Question: Which neural architecture do they use as a base for their attention conflict mechanisms?

Answer:
Abstractive