TASK DEFINITION: In this task, we ask you to elaborate the sentence without changing its general meaning. You can do so by explaining further the input sentence, using more precise wording, adding qualifiers and auxiliary information etc.
PROBLEM: The word " apartheid " means " separateness " in the Afrikaans language .

SOLUTION: " Apartheid " is an Afrikaans word meaning " separateness " , or " the state of being apart " , literally " apart-hood " ( from Afrikaans " -heid " ) .

PROBLEM: Single transferable vote ( STV for short ) is a type of voting system .

SOLUTION: The single transferable vote ( STV ) is a voting system designed to achieve proportional representation through ranked voting in multi-seat organizations or constituencies ( voting districts ) .

PROBLEM: Haeckel promoted and popularised Charles Darwin 's work in Germany and developed the controversial recapitulation theory ( " ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny " ) .

SOLUTION:
Haeckel promoted and popularised Charles Darwin 's work in Germany and developed the influential but no longer widely held recapitulation theory ( " ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny " ) claiming that an individual organism 's biological development , or ontogeny , parallels and summarises its species ' evolutionary development , or phylogeny .