In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
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Question: Context_1 : The Lion's Mound (French: "Butte du Lion" , "Lion's Hillock/Knoll"; Dutch: "Leeuw van Waterloo" , "Lion of Waterloo") is a large conical artificial hill located in the municipality of Braine-l'Alleud (Dutch: Eigenbrakel), Belgium. King William I of the Netherlands ordered its construction in 1820, and it was completed in 1826. It commemorates the location on the battlefield of Waterloo where a musket ball hit the shoulder of William II of the Netherlands (the Prince of Orange) and knocked him from his horse during the battle. It is also a memorial of the Battle of Quatre Bras, which had been fought two days earlier, on 16 June 1815. Context_2 : The Battle of Ligny (16 June 1815) was the last victory of the military career of Napoleon Bonaparte. In this battle, French troops of the Armée du Nord under Napoleon's command, defeated part of a Prussian army under Field Marshal Prince Blücher, near Ligny in present-day Belgium. The Battle of Ligny is an example of a tactical win and a strategic loss for the French. While the French troops did force the enemy to retreat, the Prussian army survived and went on to play a pivotal role two days later at the Battle of Waterloo, reinforced by IV Prussian corps that had not participated in the battle at Ligny. Had the French army succeeded in keeping the Prussian army from joining the Anglo-allied Army under Wellington at Waterloo, Napoleon might have won the Waterloo Campaign. Context_3 : The Battle of Waterloo was fought on Sunday, 18 June 1815, near Waterloo in present-day Belgium, then part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. A French army under the command of Napoleon Bonaparte was defeated by two of the armies of the Seventh Coalition: a British-led Allied army under the command of the Duke of Wellington, and a Prussian army under the command of Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, Prince of Wahlstatt. Context_4 : Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain. His defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 put him in the first rank of Britain's military heroes. Context_5 : The Battle of Redinha was a rearguard action which took place on March 12, 1811, during Masséna's retreat from Portugal, by a French division under Marshal Ney against a considerably larger Anglo-Portuguese force under Wellington. Challenging the Allies with only one or two divisions, Ney's 7,000 troops were pitched against 25,000 men. The success of Ney's action delayed the Allied advance and bought valuable time for the withdrawal of the main body of the French army. Context_6 : The Battle of the Marne (French: Première bataille de la Marne , also known as the Miracle of the Marne, "Le Miracle de la Marne") was a World War I battle fought from 6–10 September 1914. It resulted in an Allied victory against the German armies in the west. The battle was the culmination of the German advance into France and pursuit of the Allied armies which followed the Battle of the Frontiers in August and had reached the eastern outskirts of Paris. A counter-attack by six French armies and the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) along the Marne River forced the Imperial German Army to retreat north-west, leading to the First Battle of the Aisne and the Race to the Sea. The battle was a victory for the Allies but led to four years of trench warfare stalemate on the Western Front. Context_7 : The Battle of Landen (or Neerwinden), in the current Belgian province of Flemish Brabant, was a battle in the Nine Years' War, fought in present-day Belgium on 29 July 1693 between the French army of Marshal Luxembourg and the Allied army of King William III of England. The French assaulted the Allied position three times before the French cavalry finally penetrated the allied defences and drove William's army from the field in a rout. The battle was, however, quite costly for both sides, the French losing 9,000 men to the Allies' 14,000. The French failed to follow up on their victory, allowing William to escape. Context_8 : The Battle of Wavre was the final major military action of the Hundred Days campaign and the Napoleonic Wars. It was fought on 18–19 June 1815 between the Prussian rearguard, consisting of the Prussian III Corps under the command of General Johann von Thielmann (whose chief-of-staff was Carl von Clausewitz) and three corps of the French army under the command of Marshal Grouchy. A blocking action, this battle kept 33,000 French soldiers from reaching the Battle of Waterloo and so helping in the defeat of Napoleon at Waterloo. Context_9 : The Battle of Solferino (referred to in Italy as the Battle of Solferino and San Martino) on 24 June 1859 resulted in the victory of the allied French Army under Napoleon III and Sardinian Army under Victor Emmanuel II (together known as the Franco-Sardinian Alliance) against the Austrian Army under Emperor Franz Joseph I. It was the last major battle in world history where all the armies were under the personal command of their monarchs . Perhaps 300,000 soldiers fought in the important battle, the largest since the Battle of Leipzig in 1813. There were about 130,000 Austrian troops and a combined total of 140,000 French and allied Piedmontese troops. After the battle, the Austrian Emperor refrained from further direct command of the army. Context_10 : The Panorama of the Battle of Waterloo (French: "Panorama de la Bataille de Waterloo" ) is a rotunda in Belgium that houses a monumental panoramic painting depicting the Battle of Waterloo. The neoclassical building is located immediately to the north of the Lion's Mound on the battlefield of the Battle of Waterloo in the municipality of Braine-l'Alleud in the Belgian province of Walloon Brabant. fact_1 : The Battle of Redinha was a rearguard action which took place on March 12, 1811, during Masséna's retreat from Portugal, by a French division under Marshal Ney against a considerably larger Anglo-Portuguese force under Wellington. fact_2 : Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain. fact_3 :  His defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 put him in the first rank of Britain's military heroes. Question: What nation was allied against the French in both the Battle of Waterloo and the Battle of Redinha?

Answer: Britain


Question: Context_1 : Vincent Biron (born 1984 in Pierreville, Quebec) is a Canadian film director. He is most noted for his 2016 feature film debut "Prank", and his short film "Little Flowers (Les fleurs de l'âge)", which won the Toronto International Film Festival Award for Best Canadian Short Film at the 2010 Toronto International Film Festival. Context_2 : Les Fleurs du mal (English: ""The Flowers of Evil"") is an album by Léo Ferré, released in 1957 by Odeon Records. It is his first LP dedicated to a poet and this is the first time in popular music history a whole album is decicated to a dead poet. Léo Ferré has set Baudelaire into music two more times : in 1967 with double album "Léo Ferré chante Baudelaire", and with unfinished project "Les Fleurs du mal (suite et fin)", recorded in 1977 but posthumously released in 2008. Context_3 : Wallace Fox (9 March 1895 – 30 June 1958) was an American film director. He directed 84 films between 1927 and 1953. He was born in Purcell, Oklahoma, and died in Hollywood, California. Context_4 : C.R.A.Z.Y. is a 2005 French-language Canadian coming-of-age drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée and co-written by Vallée and François Boulay. It tells the story of Zac, a young gay man dealing with homophobia while growing up with four brothers and a conservative father in Quebec during the 1960s and 1970s. The film employs an extensive soundtrack, featuring artists such as Pink Floyd, Patsy Cline and The Rolling Stones. Context_5 : Les Fleurs du mal (suite et fin) (English: ""The Flowers of Evil (last and final)"") is an album by Léo Ferré, posthumously released in 2008 by La Mémoire et la Mer. It is his third musical effort dedicated to Charles Baudelaire's poetry, after the seminal "Les Fleurs du mal" in 1957 and the expanding double LP "Léo Ferré chante Baudelaire" in 1967. Context_6 : Red Morning is a 1934 American adventure film directed by Wallace Fox from a screenplay by John Twist and Wallace Fox, based on a story by Gouverneur Morris. The film stars Steffi Duna, Regis Toomey, Raymond Hatton, and Mitchell Lewis. Context_7 : Demolition is a 2015 USA drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée and written by Bryan Sipe. The film stars Jake Gyllenhaal, Naomi Watts, Chris Cooper, and Judah Lewis. The film opened the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival and was theatrically released on April 8, 2016, by Fox Searchlight Pictures. Context_8 : Les Fleurs du Mal is a cover album and the fifteenth full-length album by Swedish symphonic metal band Therion. It was released on 28 September 2012 to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the band. Named after the 1857 volume of poetry "Les Fleurs du mal", the album is fully sung in French language. It consist of metal cover versions of French pop songs from 1960s and 1970s, mostly from the ye-ye genre. Context_9 : "The Young Victoria" is a 2009 period drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée and written by Julian Fellowes. It centered on the early life and reign of Queen Victoria, including her relationship with her husband, Prince Albert. The film starred Emily Blunt and Rupert Friend among a large ensemble cast. Martin Scorsese, Graham King, and Sarah, Duchess of York served as its producers. A GK Films production, "The Young Victoria" was distributed by Momentum Pictures in the United Kingdom and by Apparition in the United States. Its world premiere was held on 5 February 2009 at the 59th Berlin International Film Festival while its UK premiere was held in London's Leicester Square on 3 March. The film was screened throughout 2009 and early 2010 at film festivals in Toronto, Sudbury, Ontario, Chicago, Hamptons, New York, Vermont, San Francisco, Denver, and San Joaquin, California. "The Young Victoria"' s theatrical release occurred on 6 March 2009 in the UK; it was released in a limited capacity in the US on 18 December 2009, and opened nationwide on Christmas Day. It earned a worldwide gross of $27,409,889. Context_10 : Jean-Marc Vallée (born March 9, 1963) film director, screenwriter, and film editor from Québec, Canada. After studying film at the Université du Québec à Montréal, Vallée went on to make a number of acclaimed short films, including "Stéréotypes" (1991), "Les Fleurs magiques" (1995), and "Les Mots magiques" (1998). fact_1 : Jean-Marc Vallée (born March 9, 1963) film director, screenwriter, and film editor from Québec, Canada. fact_2 :  After studying film at the Université du Québec à Montréal, Vallée went on to make a number of acclaimed short films, including "Stéréotypes" (1991), "Les Fleurs magiques" (1995), and "Les Mots magiques" (1998). fact_3 : Wallace Fox (9 March 1895 – 30 June 1958) was an American film director. Question: In between Jean-Marc Vallée and Wallace Fox who  went on to make a number of acclaimed short films, including "Stéréotypes" (1991), "Les Fleurs magiques" (1995)?

Answer: JeanMarc Vallée


Question: Context_1 : Taverner Consort and Players is a period instrument ensemble: baroque orchestra (Players), vocal consort (Consort) and Choir, named after the 16th-century English composer John Taverner. Context_2 : Westron Wynde is an early 16th-century song whose tune was used as the basis (cantus firmus) of Masses by English composers John Taverner, Christopher Tye and John Sheppard. The tune first appears with words in a partbook of around 1530, which contains mainly keyboard music. Historians believe that the lyrics are a few hundred years older ('Middle English') and the words are a fragment of medieval poetry. Context_3 : Sir John Kenneth Tavener (28 January 1944 – 12 November 2013) was an English composer, known for his extensive output of religious works, including "The Protecting Veil", "Song for Athene" and "The Lamb". Context_4 : Taverner is an opera with music and libretto by Peter Maxwell Davies. It is based on the life of the 16th-century English composer John Taverner, but in what Davies himself acknowledged was a non-realistic treatment. The gestation for the opera dated as far back as 1956 during Davies's years in Manchester, and continued when he went to Princeton University in 1962. Davies produced several instrumental works related to the opera during this gestation period, including the "Points and Dances from 'Taverner and the "Second Fantasia on John Taverner's "In Nomine"". Davies had completed the opera in 1968, but lost parts of the score in a fire at his Dorset cottage in 1969, which necessitated recomposition. Context_5 : Pilgrimage is a 2001 documentary film by Werner Herzog. Accompanied only by music the film alternates between shots of pilgrims near the tomb of Saint Sergei in Sergiyev Posad, Russia and pilgrims at the Basilica of Guadalupe in Mexico. The score was composed by John Tavener and performed by the BBC Symphony Orchestra with vocal accompaniment by Parvin Cox and the Westminster Cathedral Choir. The film begins with a supposed quote by Thomas à Kempis, invented by Herzog. Context_6 : Nicholas Ludford (c. 1485 – c. 1557) was an English composer of the Tudor period. He is known for his festal masses, which are preserved in two early-16th-century choirbooks, the Caius Choirbook at Caius College, Cambridge, and the Lambeth Choirbook at Lambeth Palace, London. His surviving antiphons, all incomplete, are copied in the Peterhouse Partbooks (Henrican set). Ludford is well-known as being the composer of the only surviving cycle of Lady Masses, small-scale settings of the Ordinary and Propers in three parts to be sung in the smaller chapels of religious institutions on each day of the week. Ludford's composing career, which appears to have ended in 1535, is seen as bridging the gap between the music of Fayrfax and that of John Taverner (1495–1545). Music scholar David Skinner has called Ludford "one of the last unsung geniuses of Tudor polyphony". In his "Oxford History of English Music", John Caldwell observes of Ludford's six-part Mass and Magnificat "Benedicta" that it "is more a matter of astonishment that such mastery should be displayed by a composer of whom virtually nothing was known until modern times". Context_7 : John Taverner (1584–1638) was the second son of Peter Taverner, the second son of Richard Taverner. Context_8 : Thomas Ashwell or Ashewell (c. 1478 – after 1513 (possibly 1527?)) was an English composer of the Renaissance. He was a skilled composer of polyphony, and may have been the teacher of John Taverner. Context_9 : Ross Pople (born 11 May 1945) is a New Zealand-born British conductor. He is the principal conductor of the London Festival Orchestra. He has worked with Yehudi Menuhin, Clifford Curzon, David Oistrakh, Kentner, George Malcolm, Sir Adrian Boult, Rudolf Kempe, Benjamin Britten, Witold Lutosławski, Krzysztof Penderecki, Michael Tippett, Georg Solti, Leonard Bernstein, George Benjamin, John Casken, Edwin Roxburgh, Luciano Berio, John Taverner, Malcolm Arnold, Pierre Boulez as well as many other major orchestras, choirs and soloists. Context_10 : Edward Paston (1550–1630), second son of Sir Thomas Paston, was a Catholic gentleman of Norfolk, a poet, and amateur musician living in the reign of Elizabeth I. He is an important figure in the musical history of England, his love of music driving him to acquire and copy musical manuscripts from some of the most important composers of the Renaissance, resulting in a unique performing collection of 16th-century house music that included works by William Byrd, Thomas Tallis, John Taverner, and Orlando di Lasso. He was especially interested in Byrd, and one of his books is the largest source of consort songs by that composer. Paston played the lute, creating a wide range of vocal settings and accompanying tablatures in partbooks that are still obtainable. As a young man he travelled extensively in Spain, being influenced by the Spanish (and Italian) form of tablature, as seen in his partbooks, rather than the generally used French form. fact_1 : Pilgrimage is a 2001 documentary film by Werner Herzog. fact_2 :  The score was composed by John Tavener and performed by the BBC Symphony Orchestra with vocal accompaniment by Parvin Cox and the Westminster Cathedral Choir. fact_3 : Sir John Kenneth Tavener (28 January 1944 – 12 November 2013) was an English composer, known for his extensive output of religious works, including "The Protecting Veil", "Song for Athene" and "The Lamb". Question: John Taverner composed the score for the movie Pilgrimage by which writer?

Answer:
Werner Herzog