In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

Q: accordingly, and to the extent it differs from the holding herein, duncan v. beck is overruled.

A: overruling
****
Q: as the u.s. supreme court has stated,  judicial rulings alone almost never constitute a valid basis for a bias or partiality motion  directed to a trial judge.

A: non-overruling
****
Q: accordingly, we overrule zepeda v. bulleri,

A:
overruling
****