In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question based on the context. You have to classify the questions into "Extractive", "Abstractive", or "Yes-no" questions. Extractive questions can be answered by concatenating extracts taken from a context into a summary while answering abstractive questions involves paraphrasing the context using novel sentences. Yes-no question is a question whose expected answer is one of two choices, one that affirms the question and one that denies the question. Typically, the choices are either yes or no.

[Q]: The ratio of correct `translations' (matches) was used as an evaluation measure. 
 Question: What evaluation metric do they use?
[A]: Abstractive


[Q]: Multi-task Pairwise Neural Ranking
We propose a multi-task pairwise neural ranking approach to better incorporate and distinguish the relative order between the candidate segmentations of a given hashtag. Our model adapts to address single- and multi-token hashtags differently via a multi-task learning strategy without requiring additional annotations. In this section, we describe the task setup and three variants of pairwise neural ranking models (Figure FIGREF11 ). Pairwise Neural Ranking Model Margin Ranking (MR) Loss Adaptive Multi-task Learning 
 Question: What set of approaches to hashtag segmentation are proposed?
[A]: Extractive


[Q]: the basic model yields good performance for recognizing explicit discourse relations as well, which is comparable with previous best result (92.05% macro F1-score and 93.09% accuracy as reported in BIBREF11 ). In summary, our full paragraph-level neural network model achieves the best macro-average F1-score of 48.82% in predicting implicit discourse relations, which outperforms previous neural tensor network models (e.g., BIBREF18 ) by more than 2 percents and outperforms the best previous system BIBREF19 by 1 percent. Then we also created ensemble models by applying majority voting to combine results of ten runs. From table 5 , each ensemble model obtains performance improvements compared with single model. The full model achieves performance boosting of (51.84 - 48.82 = 3.02) and (94.17 - 93.21 = 0.96) in macro F1-scores for predicting implicit and explicit discourse relations respectively.  
 Question: How much does this model improve state-of-the-art?
[A]:
Extractive