TASK DEFINITION: You are given a background paragraph that describes one or more causal or qualitative relationships such as a relationship in economics or a scientific law and a story that makes use of the concepts or the relationship described in the provided paragraph. You are also given a question about the story that requires an understanding of the relationship described in the background paragraph and the story. You need to come up with an answer to the given question; the answer will be a span from either the question or the story. In order to correctly answer the given question, you need to understand the relationship mentioned in the background paragraph and should be able to use it to understand that in the story. Your answer can not consist of any word that is not mentioned in any of these: the background paragraph, the story, or the question. You can directly copy and paste a span from the story or the question while answering the given question.
PROBLEM: Background Paragraph: The lungs of mammals are unique in having alveoli . These are tiny, sac-like structures. Each alveolus is surrounded by a network of very small blood vessels (see Figure below ). Because there are millions of alveoli in each lung, they greatly increase the surface area for gas exchange between the lungs and bloodstream. Human lungs, for example, contain about 300 million alveoli. They give the lungs a total surface area for gas exchange of up to 90 square meters (968 square feet). That’s about as much surface area as one side of a volleyball court!. 
Story: David is investigating the breathing process of different organisms. He found that humans have alveoli to help them with gas exchange. He got curious about other organisms that do not have alveoli. To compare these two groups he labeled organisms with alveoli as group A and organisms without alveoli as group B. 
Question: Would group A have greater or smaller gas exchange than group B?

SOLUTION: greater.

PROBLEM: Background Paragraph: Alberta's electrical demand varies throughout the day and across the seasons. When individuals are fixing supper and using home appliances, demand for power goes up, as it does during heat waves and cold snaps. It tapers off during spring and fall. Like other mechanical devices, generators fail from time to time. If they are wind-powered, their output varies with the wind. 
Story: Horus works at the power plant in Alberta. He is charged with varying which generators to turn on for various power demands. His boss has informed him that he wants Horus to be as efficient as possible, and to only use the generators when needed, otherwise to have them off. Horus has been trained to recognize different conditions, such as hot temperatures, cold temperatures, moderate weather, and time of the day, such as late at night, early mornings, or the evenings, as all having different power demands. 
Question: If it is the evening around dinnertime should Horus turn off or turn on more generators?

SOLUTION: turn on.

PROBLEM: Background Paragraph: About 10% of sedimentary rocks are limestones. The solubility of limestone in water and weak acid solutions leads to karst landscapes, in which water erodes the limestone over thousands to millions of years. Most cave systems are through limestone bedrock. 
Story: White mountains are often visited by tourists because of the many beautiful caves, stalactites, stalagmites and karst phenomena. Dome mountains are interesting to tourists because they are very massive, of volcanic origin and excellent for climbing. 
Question: Which mountain is made of less soluble rock?

SOLUTION:
Dome.