Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Example Input: Physiological roles of apelin and its specific receptor APJ signaling were investigated in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The present study determined whether apelin activates myosin light chain (MLC), a major regulatory event in initiating smooth muscle contraction.', 'To assess MLC activation, we performed Western blot and immunohistochemical studies using an antibody against the phospho-MLC. In VSMCs, apelin induces the phosphorylation of MLC in a concentration-dependent manner with a peak at 2 minutes. Pretreatment of VSMCs with pertussis toxin abolishes the apelin-induced phosphorylation of MLC. Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) with GF-109203X markedly attenuated the apelin-induced MLC phosphorylation. In addition, methylisobutyl amiloride, a specific inhibitor of the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE), and KB-R7943, a potent inhibitor for the reverse mode of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX), significantly suppressed the action of apelin. In wild-type mice, apelin phosphorylates MLC in vascular tissue, whereas it had no response in APJ-deficient mice by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Apelin-induced phosphorylation of MLC was accompanied with myosin phosphatase target subunit phosphorylation.
Example Output: Does apelin stimulate myosin light chain phosphorylation in vascular smooth muscle cells?

Example Input: The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene is located within the highly polymorphic major histocompatibility complex region, exhibiting the -308 GA promoter region polymorphism and six microsatellites (TNFa-f) spanning the region nearby the TNF locus.', 'In the present study, we evaluated the frequency of -308 GA and TNFa-e polymorphisms and respective haplotypes (in chromosomal sequence: TNFd-TNFe-308GA-TNFc-TNFa-TNFb), in 222 patients with AIDS, 52 of whom exhibited cytomegalovirus retinitis, and in 202 healthy HIV-negative individuals.', 'TNF microsatellite and single nucleotide polymorphism typings were performed by PCR followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.', 'The TNF-308A allele and the 4-3-G-2-7-1 haplotype were associated with susceptibility to AIDS, whereas the TNFb4 allele and the 3-3-G-1-11-4 haplotype were associated with protection against AIDS development. The TNFc2 allele and the 4-1-G-2-2-1 haplotype, which contains the TNFc2 allele, were associated with cytomegalovirus retinitis.
Example Output: Are tumor necrosis factor region polymorphisms associated with AIDS and with cytomegalovirus retinitis?

Example Input: To examine the effect of heparin-coated balloon-expandable iliac stent placement on intimal hyperplasia in a baboon model.', 'Balloon-expandable (Palmaz-Schatz) stents were placed in bilateral common iliac arteries in 20 male baboons (mean weight: 8.8 kg). In each animal, a heparin-coated iliac stent was placed on one side and the contralateral iliac artery received an uncoated stent that served as a control. The iliac artery stents were harvested at 30 days (n = 10) and 90 days (n = 10). Arteriography was performed to assess iliac patency and intravascular ultrasonography was used to determine neointimal and luminal areas. Histologic and morphometric analysis and scanning electron microscopy were performed in the stent-implanted iliac arteries.', 'One animal was excluded in the 30-day group because of premature death. In the remaining nine surviving animals, seven control stents (78%) and nine heparin-coated stents (100%) remained patent. Morphometric analysis showed that the iliac arteries with heparin-coated stents had larger luminal areas (17%, P <.05), less neointimal area (26%, P <.05), lower neointima-to-media ratios (32%, P <.05), and equivalent medial areas (P =.92) compared to the control group at 30 days. In contrast, all control and heparin-coated stents were patent (100%) in the 90-day group. In that group, the heparin-coated stent group had less neointimal area (28%, P <.05), lower neointima-to-media ratios (42%, P <.05), and equivalent medial area (P =.92) and luminal area (P =.07) compared to the control group.
Example Output:
Does heparin-coated balloon-expandable stent reduce intimal hyperplasia in the iliac artery in baboons?