In this task, you need to Translate Czech text to English.

Example Input: Zp sob hydroxykarbonylace lakton , konkr tn  r zn²ch valerolakton  a jejich izomer , reakc  s oxidem uhelnat²m a vodou, za vzniku odpov daj c  dikarboxylov  kyseliny. Zp sob spo  v  v reakci oxidu uhelnat ho a vody nejm n  s jedn m laktonem, obsahuj c m 5 atom  uhl ku; v p° tomnosti · inn ho mno stv  iridiov ho katalyz toru a jodovan ho nebo bromovan ho promotoru, p°i em  mol rn  pom r promotor/iridium je v rozmez  od 0,1 : 1 a  do 20 : 1. Tento zp sob umo  uje v²hodn  p°eveden , zejm na gama-valerolaktonu, v adipovou kyselinu.\
Example Output: The present invention relates to a process for the hydroxycarbonylation of lactones, more precisely of the various valerolactones and their isomers; by reaction thereof with carbon monoxide and water; in order to form the corresponding dicarboxylic acid. More precisely, it consists in reacting carbon monoxide and water with at least one lactone having 5 carbon atoms, the reaction being carried out in the presence of an effective amount of an iridium catalyst and of an iodine-containing or bromine-containing promoter, whereby the promoter/Ir molar ratio being between 0.1/1 and 20/1. This process especially makes it possible to value-enhance gamma-valerolactone to adipic acid.

Example Input: Účelem vynálezu je urychlení tvrdnutí  betonu, kterým se zvyšuje výroba prefabrikátů  v proteplovacích zařízeních při  současné úspoře tepelné energie a odstranění  koroz.e armovacích prvků.  Uvedeného účelu se dosáhlo kombinaci  vybraných chemických sloučenin, které'  nepůsobí korozívně na armatury, a tepelné  energie. Sloučeniny ze skupiny mravenčenu  vápenatého, propan-2-karboxy-2-oxydiátu  sodného spod. vykazují při spolupůsobení  tepelné energie synergický účinek.  Vynález se používá ve stavebnictví  při výrobě obvodových panelů u systému BA-NKS,  P.1.4,. P.1.11, Bauring apod.
Example Output: The purpose of the invention is to accelerate curing  concrete, which increases prefabricated production  in warming devices at  simultaneous savings in heat energy and removal  corrosion of reinforcement elements.  This purpose was achieved by a combination  selected chemical compounds that  Do not corrosive to fittings, and heat  energy. Compounds from the formic group  calcium, propane-2-carboxy-2-oxydiate  sodium spod. exhibit in interaction  thermal energy synergistic effect.  The invention is used in construction  in the production of perimeter panels in the BA-NKS system,  P.1.4 ,. P.1.11, Bauring etc.

Example Input: Oto n  klopn  kov n  pro okna, dve°e nebo podobn  konstruk n  prvky, obsahuje vykl p c  n  kovou jednotku (10), spojuj c  k° dlo s pevn²m r mem, kter  m  ° dic  vykl p c  rameno  (18) na k° dle pohybliv  ulo en , a z str kov²  len (30) pohybliv  na k° dle ulo en² a spolup sob c  s vodic m  l bkem (32) na spodn  stran  (18a) vykl p c ho ramene (18) p°ivr cen  ke k° dlu. K oto n mu otev°en  k° dla je vykl p c  rameno (18) v rovnob  n m postaven  na k° dle upevniteln  z str kov²m  lenem (30). Ke klopn mu otev°en  k° dla se vykl p c  rameno (18) od z str kov ho  lenu (30) uvoln  k pohybu vykl p c ho ramene (18) v prvn m sm ru (A) do klopn ho postaven  (18'). Vykl p c  rameno (18) m  ohnut  rameno (46a), ohnut  ke k° dlu nejm n  v rozmez  vodic ho  l bku  (32) a/nebo v oblasti za° zen  pro pod ln  se°izov n  vykl p c ho ramene  (18), na sv m p°edn m pod ln m okraji vzhledem k prvn mu sm ru A.\
Example Output:
The invented fitting for pivoting and tiltable windows, doors or the like structural elements comprises a swinging scissors unit (10) connecting a window casement to a fixed frame and having a control arm (18) being movably mounted on the window casement and a bolt member (30) being movably mounted on the window casement and interacting with a control curve (32) on an underneath side (18a) of the control arm (18) facing the window casement. The control arm (18) has a shank (46a) angled towards the casement at least in the area of the control curve (32) and/or in the area of an arm length adjustment device on its front longitudinal edge relative to the first tilting direction (A). The bolt member (30) can leave and enter the area of the control curve (32) underneath the arm unimpeded by the angled shank (46a). At least in the area of the control curve (32) the control arm preferably has an L, U or C shaped cross-section perpendicular to arm length direction.