In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

Input: Consider Input: in reaching this conclusion, the court stated that it believed the sequence of events as documented in kinney's arrest report that the officer was beginning to pat down defendant when defendant dropped the backpack.

Output: non-overruling


Input: Consider Input: to the extent mccoy and mccracken implied that the only right to counsel under the act was a statutory one, they are hereby modified.

Output: overruling


Input: Consider Input: because the decision arguably departs from this circuit's prior decision in united states ex rel. starr v. mulligan, 59 f.2d 200 (2d cir. 1932), and explicitly overrules united states v. brothman, 191 f.2d 70 (2d cir. 1951), this opinion has been circulated among the active members of the court.


Output: overruling