TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you're given a question, along with three passages, 1, 2, and 3. Your job is to determine which passage can be used to answer the question by searching for further information using terms from the passage. Indicate your choice as 1, 2, or 3.
PROBLEM: Question: How old was the son-in-law of King James II when he came into power? Passage 1:The Glorious Revolution of 1689 involved the overthrow of King James II, who converted to Catholicism before he became king and favoured the Catholics, and his replacement by son-in-law William III, a Dutch Protestant. The Act of Settlement 1701, which was passed by the Parliament of England, stated the heir to the throne must not be a "Papist" and that an heir who is a Catholic or who marries one will be excluded from the succession to the throne. This law was extended to Scotland through the Act of Union which formed the Kingdom of Great Britain. The Act was amended in 2013 as regards marriage to a Catholic and the ecumenical movement has contributed to reducing sectarian tensions in the country.
 Passage 2:Additionally, Homer sings Billy Joel's 1983 song "Uptown Girl". After drinking the tainted juice, Grampa and Jasper sit on a bench, laughing like the title characters from the series Beavis and Butt-head, while Flanders hallucinates skeletons and dancing bears (images associated with the Grateful Dead), marching hammers (from Pink Floyd's 1982 film Pink Floyd—The Wall) and The Rolling Stones' lips and tongue logo. Mr. Burns' film is credited as "An Alan Smithee Film", a reference to the Alan Smithee pseudonym credit used by directors who wanted to be disassociated from a film on which they had lost creative control, to the detriment of the final product. When Barney drinks alcohol to prevent the bad effects from the tainted juice, a pink elephant comes to his rescue, referencing the scene in Dumbo where Dumbo and Timothy drink alcohol and see pink elephants. Seth and Munchie's dog is named Ginsberg, thought to be a reference to beat poet Allen Ginsberg. Homer putting the flowers in the policemen's rifles is a reference to the iconic October 22, 1967 Life magazine picture, "Flower Power" by Bernie Boston.
 Passage 3:Born in Bucharest, her parents were the writer Vasile Demetrius and his wife Antigona (née Rabinovici). Her beloved father had attended Saint Sava High School, where one of his classmates was Ion G. Duca, who would become Lucia's godfather. Her mother was a baptized Jew; she had numerous siblings and the family was very poor. She attended the elite Maria Brâncoveanu central school from 1921 to 1928; its director, to whom she grew close, was the widow of Barbu Ștefănescu Delavrancea. This was followed by the University of Bucharest, where she earned degrees in literature (1931) and philosophy (1932). A student at the Dramatic Arts Conservatory from 1928 to 1931, she had Ion Manolescu as a professor. She formed part of the Sburătorul literary circle. Asking Ion Marin Sadoveanu for help in finding a job, he sent her to act at Cernăuți, and would also appear at Brașov and Bucharest, invariably in minor roles.


SOLUTION: 1

PROBLEM: Question: Which of the annual events that take place at Expo New Mexico gets more visitors? Passage 1:After Landau moved to the Kapitza institute in Moscow (to avoid arrest for comparing Stalinism to Nazism), Pomeranchuk also moved there, working for the tanning industry. He returned to Leningrad in 1938, lecturing, completing his Ph.D. and becoming employed as a junior scientist. He joined the Lebedev Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in Moscow as a senior scientist in 1940. In 1941 the institute was evacuated to Kazan. Under Abraham Alikhanov, he studied cosmic rays in Armenia from 1942. In 1943, he transferred to Laboratory No.2 under Igor Kurchatov as part of the Soviet project to develop nuclear weapons. Alikhanov founded Laboratory No.3 (which became the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP)) and Pomeranchuk worked there from 1946 (and for the rest of his life), founding and leading the Theoretical department, as well as being Professor of Theoretical Physics at the Moscow Mechanical Institute where students admired his infectious enthusiasm for his subject. Rudolf Peierls was consoled by the fact that it was "very clever Pomeranchuk" - and no-one else - who corrected his 1/T law for heat conduction in high-temperature condensed matter physics. His work in the 1940s was dominated by neutron research and his manuscript with Akhiezer was the basic guide for Soviet nuclear reactor construction. In 1950, he published a paper suggesting that the entropy of helium-3 as a liquid was less than as a solid. In 1950, Pomeranchuk received an order from Josef Stalin to go to Arzamas-16, located in the closed city of Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod region, to work on Soviet nuclear weaponry. Missing his family and his 'hobby physics' problems, he was advised not to apply for a revocation but wait until the order was "forgotten." He returned to ITEP within a year. He continued enthusiastically with work on quantum field theory and S-matrix theory, particle collisions and Regge theory, the latter in vigorous collaboration with Vladimir Gribov. His last paper on Regge theory was published posthumously. For his work, Pomeranchuk was twice awarded the Stalin Prize (1950, 1952). He was elected a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in 1953 and full member in 1964.
 Passage 2:The city is home of the International Balloon Fiesta, the world's largest gathering of hot-air balloons, taking place every October. The New Mexico State Fair and Gathering of Nations are held annually at Expo New Mexico, other major venues throughout the metropolitan area include the University of New Mexico’s Popejoy Hall, Santa Ana Star Center, Isleta Amphitheater and historic theaters such as the KiMo Theater and El Rey Theater. Old Town Albuquerque hosts traditional fiestas and events such as weddings, and the Civic Plaza, with its Al Hurricane Pavillion and Albuquerque Convention Center, hosts a myriad of events including large concerts and conventions. Due to its population size, the metropolitan area regularly has New Mexico music concerts and receives most of New Mexico’s national and international music concerts, Broadway shows, and other traveling events. Likewise, the city is home to a diverse restaurant scene from various global cuisines and the state’s distinct New Mexican cuisine.
 Passage 3:McCammon never played in the NHL, spending his entire career in the minor leagues. He was the head coach of the Maine Mariners of the American Hockey League and won the Calder Cup in 1977-78 and 1978–79, the first two years of the team's existence. McCammon had two stints as head coach of the Philadelphia Flyers, also serving as the team's general manager during the latter. He was also the head coach of the Vancouver Canucks and an assistant coach for the Edmonton Oilers on two different occasions. With Vancouver in 1988–89, he was runner-up to Pat Burns of the Montreal Canadiens for the Jack Adams Trophy as NHL Coach of the Year. He won the Stanley Cup with the Edmonton Oilers in 1987 as director of player development, and in 2002 and 2008 as a scout with Detroit. McCammon's name was added to the Stanley Cup in 2002 with Detroit. 


SOLUTION: 2

PROBLEM: Question: How many copies did the second live album of Aventura sell? Passage 1:The Bachata #1's series is a collection of compilations of various artists centered on the genre of bachata. The first chapter in the series was released in 2007. A third volume, Bachata #1's, Vol. 3 was released in 2010 in the United States. Bachata #1's, Vol. 2 was released on August 12, 2008. "Mi Corazoncito", written by Anthony "Romeo" Santos and performed by Aventura, was released as the third and final single from the group's second live album, K.O.B. Live (2006). The song peaked at number fifteen on the Billboard Latin Pop Songs and number two on the Billboard Latin Songs charts, topping both the Billboard Tropical Songs and Billboard Latin Rhythm Songs charts, while an additional live version peaked at number ten on the Billboard Tropical Songs chart. The bachata-infused-R&B number, has been named one of their biggest hits along with "Los Infieles", "Un Beso", and "El Perdedor" among others. Xtreme's "Mientes" is originally from the duo's second studio album Haciendo Historia (2006), which also featured the gorup's R&B-leaning hit single "Shorty, Shorty". Puerto Rican Latin pop singer Luis Fonsi performs "Con Las Manos Vacías", a track exclusive to this release. "Tengo Un Amor" was written by Toby Love with additional composition by Edwin Perez who also handled production for the song. The song was written with Spanglish lyrics combining crunk hip hop with bachata. David Jefferies, while reviewing the parent album, called the song "an incredibly smooth, lush, and glittery ballad" while listing the song as a selected "Allmusic Pick". According to Billboard, the original version of the song is a "straightforward bachata song" while the remix, which is included on this release, with R.K.M & Ken-Y, known then as Rakim & Ken-Y provides "urban street cred".
 Passage 2:Tony met Deep Purple in the early 1970s, when the last recording of Ashton, Gardner and Dyke was a collaboration with keyboardist Jon Lord on the soundtrack for a b-movie called The Last Rebel. In the meantime, Ashton had appeared on Jon Lord's first solo album Gemini Suite in 1971. In 1973, Ashton joined the group Family for their last album and tour. That same year, he and David Coverdale and Glenn Hughes were guest vocalists on Jon Lord's second album Windows. Tony became close friends with Jon Lord. In the summer of 1974, during a break in Purple's busy touring schedule, Tony Ashton and Jon Lord recorded their album First of the Big Bands. This project was launched with a gig at the London Palladium the same year and the BBC taped a special live appearance at Golders Green Hippodrome in London. The album of this show is a tour-de-force groovy, rhythm and blues, boogie piano and Hammond organ, big band fest. Tony also contributed to Roger Glover's Butterfly Ball project. In these years, Ashton and Lord found a second home in Zermatt, an alpine resort in Switzerland, sometimes to ski, but more often to offer giant and brilliant non-profit gigs in a unique complex (one hotel-two night-clubs-two restaurants and four pubs) called "Hotel Post" which was run by American-born Karl Ivarsson. Ashton managed to come to the place almost until his death, and Jon has been a regular visitor until his death even if the "(in)famous" hotel did not exist anymore.
 Passage 3:Ross married Bertha (Bee) Halley Horecker, a singer-musician and daughter of Ross's Chicago neighbors, in 1931, received a National Research Council Fellowship for 1932, and worked as a National Research Council postdoctoral fellow at California Institute of Technology with Eric Temple Bell until 1933. Ross moved back to Chicago and led the mathematics department at an experimental school started by Ph.D.s during the Great Depression, People's Junior College, where he also taught physics. Ross became an assistant professor at St. Louis University in 1935 and stayed for about 11 years. In an interview, he said he advocated for a student who became the first black woman in the South to receive a master's degree in mathematics. This exception led the university to admit black students despite the idea's widespread unpopularity. During World War II, Ross served as a research mathematician for the U.S. Navy. He befriended Hungarian mathematician Gábor Szegő while in St. Louis, who recommended Ross for a 1941 Brown University summer school that prepared young scientists to assist in the war, a program Ross attended. He occasionally worked on proximity fuzes for Stromberg-Carlson's laboratory from 1941 to 1945 before accepting a position as head of University of Notre Dame's mathematics department in 1946. He set out to change the school's research climate by inviting distinguished mathematicians including Paul Erdős, whom Ross made a full professor.


SOLUTION:
1