TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you're given a question, along with three passages, 1, 2, and 3. Your job is to determine which passage can be used to answer the question by searching for further information using terms from the passage. Indicate your choice as 1, 2, or 3.
PROBLEM: Question: Who was the Liutenant Governor of Pennsylvania in 1930? Passage 1:Born on October 24, 1895, in the Lincoln neighborhood of Ephrata, Pennsylvania, Bard graduated from Millersville State Normal School (now Millersville University of Pennsylvania), then received an Artium Baccalaureus degree in 1916 from Franklin & Marshall College and a Bachelor of Laws in 1922 from the University of Pennsylvania Law School. He was a teacher in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania from 1911 to 1912. He was the principal of Warwick Township High School in Lititz, Pennsylvania from 1913 to 1915. He was the supervising principal of Ephrata schools from 1916 to 1918. He served in the United States Army from 1918 to 1919. He served as Secretary of the Democratic Committee of Lancaster County from 1920 to 1924, and served as its President from 1925 to 1934. He was in private practice in Lancaster, Pennsylvania from 1922 to 1939. In 1930, Bard was a candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania, and was a Pennsylvania delegate to the 1932 Democratic National Convention. He was special assistant to the Attorney General of the United States from 1934 to 1937. He was the United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania in 1937. He was a member of the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission from 1937 to 1938. He was the Pennsylvania Attorney General from 1938 to 1939.
 Passage 2:Alongside Paradise, Del Rey launched a short film titled Tropico that features the songs "Body Electric", "Gods and Monsters", and "Bel Air". "Tropico" was filmed in late June 2013; it was directed by Anthony Mandler, who also directed Del Rey's previous music videos for "National Anthem" and "Ride". Via social media platforms, Del Rey released several promotional images for the film, one depicting Del Rey in a wimple reminiscent of Mary, Mother of Jesus and another with Del Rey holding a snake and posing as Eve, the biblical wife of Adam from Genesis. In August 2013, Del announced on Twitter that the film would have two premieres: One at the Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Los Angeles and one in an unspecified location in New York; she referred to the short film as a "farewell". Critics noted that this contradicted other claims by Del Rey that she would release a third studio album, with a demo of the song "Black Beauty" leaking online. It was later cleared that Del Rey meant a farewell to the Born to Die era before moving on to the follow-up, "Ultraviolence". On November 22, 2013, an official trailer for "Tropico" was released; at the end of the trailer, it was announced that the film will be uploaded to Del Rey's official VEVO account on December 5, 2013. On December 3, 2013, Del Rey announced on Facebook that "Tropico" will be screened at the Cinerama Dome in Hollywood, California on December 4, 2013 prior to its VEVO release.
 Passage 3:Kentucky Route 1531 is a rural secondary highway that begins in northeastern Bullitt County and ends in northwestern Shelby County, but the route spends almost all of its length in the city of Louisville in eastern Jefferson County. The highway begins at KY 1319 (Kings Church Road) near Whitfield. KY 1531 heads northwest along Dawson Hill Road then turns northeast onto Routt Road to enter the city of Louisville and Jefferson County. The highway crosses Wheelers Run and Back Run and meets the eastern end of KY 1819 (Brush Run Road) south of the Routt neighborhood of Louisville. KY 1531 follows Sheckels Run to its crossing of Cane Run and reaches KY 155 (Taylorsville Lake Road) south of Fisherville. The highway runs concurrently with KY 155 northwest across Floyds Fork of the Salt River to KY 148 (Taylorsville Road), with which the route heads east through Fisherville and across Floyds Fork again.


SOLUTION: 1

PROBLEM: Question: What were the factions in the 1975 civil war? Passage 1:The 84th Regiment of Foot (Royal Highland Emigrants) was a British regiment in the American Revolutionary War that was raised to defend present day Ontario, Quebec and Atlantic Canada from the constant land and sea attacks by American Revolutionaries. The 84th Regiment was also involved in offensive action in the Thirteen Colonies; including North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Virginia and what is now Maine, as well as raids upon Lake Champlain and the Mohawk Valley. The regiment consisted of 2,000 men in twenty companies. The 84th Regiment was raised from Scottish soldiers who had served in the Seven Years' War and stayed in North America. As a result, the 84th Regiment had one of the oldest and most experienced officer corps of any regiment in North America. The Scottish Highland regiments were a key element of the British Army in the American Revolution. The 84th Regiment was clothed, armed and accoutred the same as the Black Watch, with Lieutenant Colonel Allan Maclean commanding the first battalion and Major General John Small of Strathardle commanding the second. The two Battalions operated independently of each other and saw little action together.
 Passage 2:By the mid-1970s, Arafat and his Fatah movement found themselves in a tenuous position. Arafat increasingly called for diplomacy, perhaps best symbolized by his Ten Point Program and his support for a UN Security Council resolution proposed in 1976 calling for a two-state settlement on the pre-1967 borders. But the Rejectionist Front denounced the calls for diplomacy, and a diplomatic solution was vetoed by the United States. In 1975, the increasing tensions between Palestinian militants and Christian militias exploded into the Lebanese Civil War, involving all factions. On 20 January 1976, the PLO took part in the Damour massacre in retaliation to the Karantina massacre. The PLO and Lebanese National Movement attacked the Christian town of Damour, killing 684 civilians and forcing the remainder of the town's population to flee. In 1976 Syria joined the war by invading Lebanon, beginning the 29‑year Syrian occupation of Lebanon, and in 1978 Israel invaded South Lebanon in response to the Coastal Road Massacre, executed by Palestinian militants based in Lebanon.
 Passage 3:Cartwright served as the president of the Philosophy of Science Association (2009–10), as vice-president (2007–8) and president (2008–9) of the Pacific Division of the American Philosophical Association, and was elected to be President of the Division for Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science and Technology from 2020 to 2023. She is Professor Emeritus at the London School of Economics. She is also Fellow of the British Academy, a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina, and a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences. She has received honorary degrees from Southern Methodist University and the University of St Andrews as well as a MacArthur Fellowship. 


SOLUTION: 2

PROBLEM: Question: In which state did Mike Young attend high school? Passage 1:The Visalia, CA native was a multi-sport athlete at Mt. Whitney High School where he excelled in football and baseball. Michael’s career statistics of 162 catches for 3,005 yards and 44 touchdowns still stand as one of the top performances in CIF history. Young was recruited by every major college football program in the Country, accepting recruiting visits to Notre Dame, USC, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Washington and UCLA. At UCLA, he played both football and baseball. Young helped the Bruins to two Pac-10 titles, two Rose Bowl (1983, 1984) victories and a Fiesta Bowl (1985) win. Michael was an Academic All-Pac 10 selection in 1984 and in the 1984 Rose Bowl game, Young had 5 receptions for a total of 127 yards, including a 52-yard touchdown pass from Rick Neuheisel. As a two-sport athlete, Young was drafted by the New York Mets in 1983 after hitting .311 his sophomore year. Following the 1985 Fiesta Bowl win, in which he was the leading receiver, he was drafted by the Los Angeles Rams. He earned a bachelor's degree in sociology from UCLA.
 Passage 2:Emanuelson began his career in Nieuw Nickerie, Suriname, in the youth ranks of Santos at age 14. In 1970, he moved to Paramaribo to play in the youth teams of Tuna with whom he won the youth championship. In 1975, he made the move to SV Robinhood where he played as a forward forming the attack of Robinhood together with Rinaldo Entingh and Roy George. In 1976, he made a name for himself in a friendly fixture against Dutch club Ajax while Robinhood were on a tour of the Netherlands. He helped Robinhood to win three national titles in 1975, 1976 and 1979, and was the league top scorer for three consecutive seasons in 1976, 1977 and 1978. He also helped Robinhood to placement in the CONCACAF Champions' Cup finals, where they would finish as runners-up twice, conceding to C.D. Águila from El Salvador in 1976 and Mexican side Club América in 1977. On 30 July 1979 Robinhood were granted permission by the SVB to loan Emanuelson to Belgian side Sint-Niklaas where he played for one season.
 Passage 3:In the meantime, the Germanic tribe of the Bavarii (Bavarians), vassals of the Franks, had developed in the 5th and 6th century in the west of the country and in what is now known as Bavaria, while what is today Vorarlberg had been settled by the Alemans. In the northern alps the Bavarians had become established as a stem dukedom around 550 AD, under the rule of the Agilolfings until 788 as an eastern outpost of the Frankish Empire. At that time the lands occupied by the Bavarians extended south to current South Tyrol, and east to the river Enns. The administrative center was at Regensburg. Those groups mixed with the Rhaeto-Romanic population and pushed it up into the mountains along the Puster Valley.


SOLUTION:
1