Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Input: Consider Input: Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) whose culprit lesion lies in a branch of the 3 major coronary arteries have well-preserved cardiac function. A first MI with preserved cardiac function is a risk factor for left ventricular free wall rupture (LVFWR), so the aim of this study was to investigate the possible relationship between AMI with branch segment occlusion and LVFWR.', 'The 439 patients with AMI were retrospectively studied. They were divided into 2 groups: group B (n=70; segments 4 atrioventricular node artery, 4 posterior descending coronary artery, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, or 15 according to the AHA classification), and group P (n=369; segments 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 11, or 13). Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was more often performed in group P (75% vs 57%; P=0.0018). In-hospital mortality tended to be lower in group B (1.4% vs 6.2%; P=0.105). The incidence of LVFWR was significantly higher in group B (10.0% vs 1.6%; P=0.0002).By multivariate logistic regression analysis, 1-vessel disease, absence of primary PCI, branch segment occlusion, and age were identified as independent predictors of LVFWR.

Output: 0


Input: Consider Input: Human and ovine fetuses demonstrate an enhanced rate of spontaneous and angiotensin II-stimulated swallowing. Angiotensin II and nitric oxide synthase have been localized to thirst centers in the brain. This study was performed to determine whether central nitric oxide contributes to the regulation of angiotensin II-induced fetal swallowing.', 'Six pregnant ewes with near-term singleton fetuses were chronically prepared with fetal vascular and lateral ventricle catheters and electrocorticogram and esophageal electromyogram electrodes. After a 2-hour control period, fetuses were administered serial lateral ventricle injections (1 mL) of angiotensin II (3.2 microg; time, 2 hours) and N omega-nitro-L -arginine methyl ester (3 mg; time, 3 hours) and a repeat angiotensin II injection (3.2 microg; time, 5 hours). All fetuses received an additional control study of lateral ventricle injections of artificial cerebrospinal fluid on a previous day.', 'Angiotensin II injection significantly increased mean +/- SEM fetal swallowing (0.9 +/- 0.1 to 2.7 +/- 0.4 swallows/min). N omega-nitro-L -arginine methyl ester significantly decreased fetal swallowing to below the basal rate (0.4 +/- 0.1 swallows/min), and swallowing did not increase with the second angiotensin II dose (in the presence of nitric oxide blockade).

Output: 1


Input: Consider Input: Nonadherence with scheduled saliva sampling, as encountered in ambulatory settings, can bias the estimation of salivary cortisol concentrations. This study is the first to estimate if such nonadherence is also associated with biased salivary testosterone concentration estimates.', "Using a standard ambulatory saliva-sampling protocol, we instructed pregnant women to collect saliva samples on two consecutive days at awakening, 1100h, 1500h, 2000h, and 2200h. We estimated testosterone concentrations in the saliva samples and participants' actual sampling times with an electronic medication event-monitoring system. We classified a saliva sample as adherent if it was sampled within a specific time window relative to its scheduled sampling time. We used a mixed-model analysis to distinguish between trait (number of adherent saliva samples per participant) and state (adherence status of a specific sample) adherence.", "We included 60 pregnant women in this study. Seventy-five percent (448 of 600) of the scheduled samples indicated adherence with the sampling schedule. Participants' trait adherence was associated with their diurnal profiles of salivary testosterone estimates; that is, adherent participants had higher salivary testosterone estimates compared with nonadherent participants, F(1,58)=5.41, p=0.023, Cohen's d=0.67. The state adherence of a sample was associated with the salivary testosterone estimate of the related sample, F(1,469)=4.48, p=0.035, Cohen's d=0.20, with delayed sampling associated with lower salivary testosterone estimates.


Output: 1