instruction:
Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.
question:
Abnormalities of lung coagulation and fibrinolysis in sarcoidosis are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease.', 'We previously showed that bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) D dimer directly correlated with various measures of severity in sarcoidosis. Here, we analyze our observation that BALF D dimer was more frequently found at higher levels in African-American patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis.', 'BALF D dimer was measured in 55 subjects with pulmonary sarcoidosis and 31 healthy volunteers by enzyme immunoassay. The healthy group established a normal range of BALF D dimer with 71 ng/ml as the highest measured level. This was the cut point for comparisons among the patients with sarcoidosis.', 'High BALF D dimer levels (>71 ng/ml) were found in younger patients with sarcoidosis and were associated with a significantly lower percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s and greater numbers of BAL lymphocytes. Black patients with sarcoidosis had higher BALF D dimer levels (median 131, range 0-2,040 ng/ml) than white patients (median 18, range 0-605 ng/ml; p = 0.011). Higher than normal BALF D dimer levels were found in 61% of the black subjects with sarcoidosis, but in only 20% of the white individuals (chi(2) = 5.539, p = 0.019). BALF D dimer was the only disease measure that discriminated black from white individuals with sarcoidosis.
answer:
1


question:
The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between cardiomyopathy and recipient twin (RT) outcome in twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS).', 'Fetal echocardiography and outcomes data in 62 consecutive pregnancies with TTTS were reviewed. The primary outcome was neonatal RT survival. The severity of RT cardiomyopathy at presentation was assessed by the cardiovascular profile score (CVPS). RT outcomes and odds of survival were compared between groups stratified by CVPS.', 'Overall neonatal survival for all fetuses was 61% (76 of 124). RT survival was 58% (36 of 62). Grouped by CVPS, RT survival was greater (50%) for those with CVPS > or = 9 and even higher (74%) for CVPS of 10. Among the components of the CVPS, atrioventricular valve regurgitation was associated with negative RT outcome. Other factors at presentation were not predictive of RT outcome.
answer:
0


question:
Evidence suggests that advance directives may improve end-of-life care among seriously ill patients, but improving completion rates remains a challenge.', 'This study tested the influence of increasing the number of options for completing an advance directive among seriously ill patients.', 'Outpatients (N = 316) receiving hemodialysis across 15 dialysis centers in the Philadelphia region between July 2014 and July 2015 were randomized to receive either the option to complete a brief advance directive form or expanded options including a brief, expanded, or comprehensive form. Patients in both groups could decline to complete an advance directive or take their selected version home. The primary outcome was a returned, completed advance directive. Secondary outcomes included whether patients wanted to complete an advance directive, decision satisfaction, quality of life at 3 months, and patient factors associated with advance directive completion.', 'Although offering more advance directive options was not significantly associated with increased rates of completion (13.1% in the standard group v. 12.2% in the expanded group, P = 0.80), it did significantly increase the proportion of patients who wanted to complete an advance directive and took one home (71.9% in standard v. 85.3% in expanded, P = 0.004). There was no difference in satisfaction (P = 0.65) or change in quality of life between groups (P = 0.63). A higher baseline quality of life was independently associated with advance directive completion (P = 0.006).
answer:

1