In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

Q: A paper he wrote about the geometrical representation of a certain kind of property by means of surfaces so excited Maxwell that he made a model illustrating the method. During the early 1880s, this man worked on a modification of the quaternion which he thought could be adapted into a new system of vector analysis, but it had little impact. He developed an "electrical theory of light" which presumed that light is a disturbance propagating through relatively fine-grained media, while his last work was a treatise on Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics which he completed a year before his death in 1903. His greatest discovery was popularized by the Dutch scientist who experimentally confirmed it, Hendrik Roozeboom. His most famous work was translated by Le Chatelier and Ostwald, and established a basis for the theory of the thermodynamic properties of heterogenous substances. FTP, name this founder of physical chemistry, an American scientist known for his namesake phase rule.

A: Science
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Q: A hypothetical method of decay for these particles involves breaking into a positron and a neutral pion and would have a half-life on the order of 10 to the 35 years. In astronomy, these particles are employed in a namesake chain located in the cores of stars in order to synthesis lighter elements. Particles of this type are typically composed of two up quarks and a single down quark and these particles make up about 90% of all cosmic rays. Discovered by Ernest Rutherford, for 10 points, identify this subatomic particles that contributes the positive charge of an atoms nucleus.

A: Science
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Q: The overall effect of this church council, which declared Jerusalem and Constantinople patriarchates, was to give the church a more stable institutional character. Convoked by the emperor Marcian and held in what is now Kadikoy, Turkey, this council acknowledged the orthodoxy of Theodoret, excommunicated the Monophysite Dioscorus, and approved the Tome of Pope Leo I confirming two distinct natures of Christ. FTP, name this Christian church council of 451 which approved the creed of Nicaea (ny-see-uh).

A:
History
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