Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
--------
Question: Context: The epigenetic mechanism of tumorigenesis in pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) remains largely unknown. The aim of this study is to examine the role of enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) alteration in pancreatic IPMN progression.', 'Fifty-four surgically resected pancreatic IPMN specimens, including a total of 181 lesions (normal duct in 48, adenoma in 50, borderline atypia in 53, carcinoma in situ (CIS) in 19, and invasive carcinoma in 11) were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining (EZH2, Ki-67, p27Kip1). Using paraffin embedded sections, total RNA was successfully extracted from 20 IPMN lesions (borderline IPMN in 9, CIS in 6, invasive carcinoma in 5) and 7 pancreatic normal ducts, and then levels of EZH2 and p27Kip1 mRNA were analyzed by real time PCR.', 'In immunohistochemical analysis, cell proliferative activity revealed by Ki-67 positive nuclei was increased during IPMN progression (normal duct<adenoma<borderline atypia<CIS ≈ invasive carcinoma). EZH2 expression displayed a similar pattern (normal duct<adenoma<borderline atypia<CIS ≈ invasive carcinoma) with cell proliferative activity. EZH2 expression in malignant (CIS and invasive carcinoma) IPMNs was significantly higher than that in adenoma and borderline-atypia IPMNs. EZH2 expression level in IPMN lesions was positively correlated with the Ki-67 positive nuclear ratio (p<0.0001). EZH2-positive cells in malignant IPMN did not express p27Kip1. EZH2 mRNA expressions in malignant lesions were significantly higher than those in benign lesions (p<0.0001). In contrast, p27Kip1 mRNA in malignant lesions was significantly decreased compared to those in benign lesion (p<0.05), and there was an inverse correlation between EZH2 and p27Kip1 mRNA levels (p = 0.0109).
Answer: EZH2 is associated with the accelerated cell proliferation and malignant step in pancreatic IPMN via the downregulation of p27Kip1.

Answer: Is eZH2 associated with malignant behavior in pancreatic IPMN via p27Kip1 downregulation?


Question: Context: Recent epidemiological evidence suggests that modifying lifestyle by increasing physical activity could be a non-pharmacological approach to improving symptoms and slowing disease progression in Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. Previous studies have shown that exercise reduces tau hyperphosphorylation, however, it is not known whether exercise reduces the accumulation of soluble or insoluble tau aggregates and neurofibrillary tangles, which are both neuropathological hallmarks of neurodegenerative tauopathy. In this study, 7-month old P301S tau transgenic mice were subjected to 12-weeks of forced treadmill exercise and evaluated for effects on motor function and tau pathology at 10\xa0months of age.", 'Exercise improved general locomotor and exploratory activity and resulted in significant reductions in full-length and hyperphosphorylated tau in the spinal cord and hippocampus as well as a reduction in sarkosyl-insoluble AT8-tau in the spinal cord. Exercise did not attenuate significant neuron loss in the hippocampus or cortex. Key proteins involved in autophagy-microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3 and p62/sequestosome 1 -were also measured to assess whether autophagy is implicated in the exercised-induced reduction of aggregated tau protein. There were no significant effects of forced treadmill exercise on autophagy protein levels in P301S mice.
Answer: Our results suggest that forced treadmill exercise differently affects the brain and spinal cord of aged P301S tau mice, with greater benefits observed in the spinal cord versus the brain. Our work adds to the growing body of evidence that exercise is beneficial in tauopathy, however these benefits may be more limited at later stages of disease.

Answer: Does long-term treadmill exercise attenuate tau pathology in P301S tau transgenic mice?


Question: Context: It is controversial whether high salt intake is directly associated with cardiovascular (CV) events and how far this relation is independent of blood pressure (BP). As Portugal has higher salt consumption and higher mortality by stroke than other European countries, we examined whether salt intake could predict the development of stroke and CV events in a hypertensive population.', 'In a longitudinal retrospective study of a cohort of 608 adult treated hypertensive patients 54.1±14.3 years of age, BMI 29.3±8.3\u2009kg/m, 56.3% women and 17.1% diabetics, we evaluate the long-term prognostic significance of urinary sodium (UNa) excretion measured in 24\u2009h valid samples within the first 3 months after admission along with 24\u2009h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and pulse wave velocity [(PWV), complior)] measurements.', 'The mean follow-up duration was 7.2 years (0.5-11.1 years), during which 122 CV events occurred including 80 strokes and 36 coronary events. In 608 patients (group A=507 without events and group B=101 with events: 69 strokes, 26 coronary events, six others), the mean 24\u2009h UNa was 208±79\u2009mmol/day, corresponding to a salt intake of 12.1±4.6\u2009g/day. Twenty-four hours UNa correlated positively with BMI, PWV and systolic blood pressure (SBP) particularly with night-time SBP. Group B versus A showed higher UNa (260+98 vs. 198+71\u2009mmol/day, P<0.001) and higher PWV, BP office, 24\u2009h, daytime and night-time SBP. Logistic regression analysis identified age, night-time SBP and 24\u2009h UNa+ [HR=1.09 (95% CI, 1.06-1.12, P<0.001)] for each 10\u2009mmol increase of UNa+ as the only independent predictors of CV events. UNa+ above the median (189\u2009mmol sodium/day) predicted CV events with HR=2.99 (95% CI, 1.75-5.13, P<0.001) with worse CV event-free survival rates (log rank statistics of 17.44, P<0.001).
Answer: In a cohort of hypertensive patients, high salt intake independently predicts the occurrence of CV events, particularly of stroke.

Answer:
Is high salt intake associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events : a 7.2-year evaluation of a cohort of hypertensive patients?