Given a paragraph, generate a claim that is supported by the given paragraph. 1) The claim must contain information from within the paragraph. 2) A sentence within the paragraph can be used as a claim. 3) The claim should not have contradictions within the paragraph. 4) The claim should be at most one sentence long.

Input: Consider Input: "Liquid chocolate is prepared in the workshop of the ""Felicitas"" chocolate shop in Hornow, south of Berlin, December 2, 2009. REUTERS/Fabrizio Bensch The study, which combined the results of 42 smaller studies and was published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, also found that participants had small improvements in blood vessel function and a dip in their insulin levels. A number of past studies have found that chocolate lovers seem to have lower rates of certain heart risks, such as high blood pressure. “My take-away message would be that if people like dark chocolate, then eating a little in place of other ‘treat’ foods is fine, and may be beneficial,” said study leader Lee Hooper, at Norwich Medical School in the UK. “However, the evidence is not yet good enough to suggest that we should all be doing this.”   She cautioned that the studies involved were neither large enough nor long enough to show whether eating chocolate has any effect on a person’s risk of having a heart attack or stroke. In contrast to past studies, which were largely observational and couldn’t prove cause-and-effect — that chocolate itself caused the changes — the current study focused on clinical trials, where researchers assigned people to eat chocolate or not and then watched for changes in blood pressure, cholesterol and other heart risk factors. Hooper and her team pooled data from 42 small clinical trials involving about 1,300 people and found that chocolate eaters had a few points knocked off their blood pressure readings, along with lower insulin levels and other benefits. Though it’s not clear why chocolate has this affect, it’s believed to be due to compounds known as flavonoids, which are also present in foods such as nuts, soy, tea and wine. But researchers acknowledged shortcomings in their study, including differences in the people involved in the trials — some healthy, some with chronic health problems — and different ways of testing chocolate’s effects. Some studies used cocoa drinks, some solid chocolate and some cocoa supplements. They also varied in how long people were “treated,” though most trials lasted less than six weeks. The biggest question may be whether any benefits would be worth the downside of chocolate. Based on the studies they used, Hooper’s team writes, it could take several hundred calories’ worth of chocolate to see effects on insulin and blood vessel function — and that could mean trouble for your waistline. “From a practical perspective it is premature to advise individuals to consume chocolate or cocoa to decrease their risk of cardiovascular disease,” said Alice Lichtenstein, director of the cardiovascular nutrition lab at Tufts University in Boston, who was not part of the study. For now, she added, if you enjoy a little chocolate in your life, you can probably keep doing so. Just don’t add it in the hopes of helping your heart."

Output: Chocolate may be good for your heart: study.


Input: Consider Input: In a letter, 44 firms, including Allianz, Handelsbanken, Aberdeen Investment and Aegon NV, said a law would give investors more confidence to make long-term decisions on environmentally responsible projects. The move showcases investors’ increased focus on climate change, both as a risk and an opportunity. Quoting the “catastrophic” impact of ignoring the issue, the group said uncontrolled climate change could cost the global economy $23 trillion. “Conversely, greater action on climate change could deliver $26 trillion in global economic benefit by 2030,” the letter, released Friday, said. Most of the 28 EU member states have signed up to an EU-wide pledge to be climate neutral by 2050 but Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary are dragging their feet. A law would force all member states to achieve climate neutrality by 2050. Ursula von der Leyen, the new president of the European Union’s executive Commission, has made combating climate change one of her top priorities. She has unveiled a “Sustainable Europe Investment Plan” which would support one trillion euros in investment over the next decade, and pledged to turn the 2050 target, something that will require a near-complete phasing-out of fossil fuels, into the “first European Climate Law.”

Output: Omega-3 margarines fail to help in heart study


Input: Consider Input: President George W. Bush speaks about the Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit in Sun City Center, Florida May 9, 2006 Medicare spending is increasing at such a fast pace that the president will be required to propose new benefit cuts or higher taxes, trustees for the U.S. senior citizen health care program said on Tuesday. REUTERS/Jason Reed  Medicare hospital insurance spending is forecast to exceed  tax revenues for 2008 and all future years and the fund will be  exhausted in 2019, the Medicare trustees said in their annual  report. Last year’s report also predicted the fund would run out of  money in 2019, but the trustees now expect the depletion to  occur somewhat earlier in that year. Trustees for the Social Security retirement benefits system  said their trust fund would be depleted by 2041, unchanged from  a year ago, as lower economic growth projections were offset by  higher assumed rates of immigration. Sounding a familiar refrain, U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry  Paulson said the “coming demographic bulge” of the  soon-to-retire baby boom generation jeopardizes both programs’  ability to support older Americans. “Reform is needed and time is of the essence,” Paulson said  in a statement. “The longer we delay, the larger the required  adjustments will be and the more heavily the burden of those  adjustments will fall on future generations.”    The Medicare trustees’ report triggered a “funding warning”  for the second consecutive year because the rate of projected  growth by 2014 will exceed a legal limit. The White House responded to last year’s funding warning in  its fiscal 2009 budget plan by proposing to reduce Medicare  spending by $12.8 billion over five years, drawing sharp  criticism from Democrats in Congress. The latest warning on funding would require the president  to make new proposals for cuts in funding or benefits next year  for the fiscal 2010 budget plan. The report said Medicare could be brought back into  actuarial balance by an immediate 122 percent increase in the  payroll tax or by an immediate 51 percent cut in benefits, or a  combination of the two. Democrats called for efforts to stem the growth of health  care costs through reforms that would lower the price of  prescription drugs and improve preventive    care. Sen. Max Baucus, a Montana Democrat who chairs the Senate  Finance Committee, pledged to “improve Social Security solvency  first without cutting benefits or raising taxes.”    He said this should include closing a $50 billion “gap”  between payroll taxes legally owed and those actually paid. Social Security will start spending more than it takes in  2017, a date unchanged from the last year’s report. The trust  fund’s depletion date is being maintained in the face of a  slowing economy partly due to the impact of higher assumed  immigration, according to the report. For 2009, the Social Security report projects 800,000 to  1.2 million legal immigrants into the United States, compared  with last year’s projections of 675,000 to 1.06 million  immigrants for 2009. The report contains forecasts of real gross domestic  product growth of 2.3 percent for 2008 and 2.8 percent in 2009. This compares with the most recent Bush administration  forecasts of 2.7 percent growth for 2008 and 3.1 percent for  2009. A Treasury official said the trustees use different  forecasts than those used by the White House budget office in  making its semiannual economic growth projections that form the  basis of its federal budget proposal. The report said Social Security could be brought into  actuarial balance over the next 75 years by raising payroll  taxes by 14 percent or reducing benefits by 12 percent, or  combining the two. Paulson failed to gain much traction in discussions with  Congress over the past year for Social Security reforms that  would have included the establishment of private investment  accounts. He called for “bipartisan solutions that will  generate a permanently sustainable Social Security system.”


Output: Medicare spending triggers new funding proposal.