TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: Irregularly shaped compartments of this organelle which change in response to cellular metabolic activity are called paraspeckles, and promyelocytic leukemia bodies are often found in this organelle. The biogenesis of snRNPs ["snurps"] is thought to be regulated by this organelle's (*) Cajal bodies, and it can be visualized through Hoechst and DAPI staining. Movement in and out of these organelles is regulated by RAN proteins at its namesake pores, and this organelle is  not found in erythrocytes. This organelle is surrounded by a namesake "envelope" which is continuous with rough ER, and it is the site of transcription. For ten points, name this organelle only found in eukaryotes which contains the nucleolus as well as the genetic material of the cell.

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: It is equal to the enthalpy change minus the temperature times the entropy change. Under standard conditions, it is also equal to negative R T times the natural log of K, where R is the gas law constant, T is the absolute temperature, and K is the equilibrium constant for the reaction; thus a high negative value indicates a forward-going reaction. FTP, identify this quantity, named for a Yale chemist, which is a measure of the spontaneity of a reaction.

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: may contribute to the cerebral type of this disease as a result of up-regulation of ICAM-1. Deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase increases resistance to this disease, as do certain thalassemias. It causes the membranes of certain cells to become porous seconds before making them burst. Humans who are Duffy blood group negative are protected from one agent causing this disease that lacks redundancy in invasion pathways, P. vivax. Affected cells become deformed easily, leading to an outward diffusion of potassium that makes those cells less hospitable for P. falciparum in humans who are heterozygous for hemoglobin S. That heterozygosity, which also allows the spleen to preferentially destroy infected red blood cells, is sickle cell anemia. For 10 points, name this disease commonly treated with quinine which is caused by Plasmodium and transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito.

SOLUTION:
Science