In this task, you are given a paper review. Based on the review, your job is to identify language and generate "en" if the review is in English or generate "es" if the review is in Spanish. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].

Example Input: This paper introduces a new approach to semantic parsing in which the model is equipped with a neural sequence to sequence (seq2seq) model (referred to as the “programmer”) which encodes a natural language question and produces a program. The programmer is also equipped with a ‘key variable’ memory component which stores (a) entities in the questions (b) values of intermediate variables formed during execution of intermediate programs. These variables are referred to further build the program.                    The model is also equipped with certain discrete operations (such as argmax or 'hop to next edges in a KB'). A separate component ("interpreter/computer") executes these operations and stores intermediate values (as explained before). Since the ‘programmer' is inherently a seq2seq model, the "interpreter/computer” also acts as a syntax/type checker only allowing the decoder to generate valid tokens. For example, the second argument to the “hop” operation has to be a KB predicate. Finally the model is trained with weak supervision and directly optimizes the metric which is used to evaluate the performance (F score). Because of the discrete operations and the non differentiable reward functions, the model is trained with policy gradients (REINFORCE). Since gradients obtained through REINFORCE have high variance, it is common to first pretrain the model with a max-likelihood objective or find some good sequences of actions trained through some auxiliary objective. This paper takes a latter approach in which it finds good sequences via an iterative maximum likelihood approach. The results and discussion sections are presented in a very nice way and the model achieves SOTA results on the WebQuestions dataset when compared to other weakly supervised model.  The paper is written clearly and is very easy to follow.  This paper presents a new and exciting direction and there is scope for a lot of future research in this direction. I would definitely love to see this presented in the conference.  Questions for the authors (important ones first)  1. Another alternative way of training the model would be to bootstrap the parameters (\theta) from the iterative ML method instead of adding pseudo gold programs in the beam (Line 510 would be deleted). Did you try that and if so why do you think it didn’t work? 2. What was the baseline model in REINFORCE. Did you have a separate network which predicts the value function. This must be discussed in the paper in detail. 3. Were there programs which required multiple hop operations? Or were they limited to single hops. If there were, can you provide an example? (I will understand if you are bound by word limit of the response) 4. Can you give an example where the filter operation would be used? 5. I did not follow the motivation behind replacing the entities in the question with special ENT symbol  Minor comments: Line 161 describe -> describing Line 318 decoder reads ‘)’ -> decoder generates ‘)'
Example Output: en

Example Input: This paper gives a theoretical motivation for tieing the word embedding and output projection matrices in RNN LMs. The argument uses an augmented loss function which spreads the output probability mass among words with close word-embedding.   I see two main drawbacks from this framework: The augmented loss function has no trainable parameters and is used for only for regularization. This is not expected to give gains with large enough datasets.  The augmented loss is heavily “engineered” to produce the desired result of parameter tying. It’s not clear what happens if you try to relax it a bit, by adding parameters, or estimating y~ in a different way.   Nevertheless the argument is very interesting, and clearly written. The simulated results indeed validate the argument, and the PTB results seem promising.  Minor comments: Section 3: Can you clarify if y~ is conditioned on the t example or on the entire history. Eq. 3.5: i is enumerated over V (not |V|)
Example Output: en

Example Input: The paper presents a layer architecture where a single parameter is used to  gate the output response of layer to amplify or suppress it. It is shown that such an architecture can ease optimization of a deep network as it is easy to learn identity mappings in layers helping in better gradient propagation to lower layers (better supervision).   Using an introduced SDI metric it shown that gated residual networks can most easily learn identity mappings compared to other architectures.   Although good theoretical reasoning is presented the observed experimental evidence of learned k values does not seem to strongly support the theory given that learned  k values are mostly very small and not varying much across layers. Also, experimental validation of the approach is not quite strong in terms of reported performances and number of large scale experiments.
Example Output:
en