instruction:
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
question:
To determine whether a common peer assessment instrument can assess competencies across internal medicine, pediatrics, and psychiatry specialties.', "A common 36 item peer survey assessed psychiatry (n = 101), pediatrics (n = 100), and internal medicine (n = 103) specialists. Cronbach's alpha and generalizability analysis were used to assess reliability and factor analysis to address validity.", "A total of 2,306 (94.8% response rate) surveys were analyzed. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was.98. The generalizabililty coefficient (mean of 7.6 raters) produced an Ep(2) =.83. Four factors emerged with a similar pattern of relative importance for pediatricians and internal medicine specialists whose first factor was patient management. Communication was the first factor for psychiatrists.
answer:
Do an examination of the appropriateness of using a common peer assessment instrument to assess physician skills across specialties?


question:
Pathological evidence supports a potential role of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine network in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Moreover, associated studies suggest a possible involvement of cytokine-related genes in IBD susceptibility. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL10) gene on ulcerative colitis (UC).', 'Two functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (-1082 G/A, -819 T/C) in the IL10 promoter in 203 Italian sporadic UC patients and 391 controls were determined using high-resolution melting analysis.', 'The frequency of the -1082A allele was significantly higher in the UC patients than in controls (p=0.00003); -1082 genotype frequencies were also significantly different between UC patients and controls (p=0.0001). Allele and genotype frequencies of -819 T/C were not significantly associated with UC. Furthermore, the frequencies of haplotypes -1082A/-819C and -1082A/-819T, which have been reported to have a lower promoter activity, were significantly higher in UC patients than in controls (p=0.0004). After gender stratification, we found a significant difference in the -1082A allele (p=0.00004) and genotype (p=0.0002) frequencies only between female UC patients and controls; the same result was obtained for the -1082A/-819C and -1082A/-819T haplotypes (p=0.0006).
answer:
Do interleukin-10 promoter polymorphisms influence susceptibility to ulcerative colitis in a gender-specific manner?


question:
Nitric oxide (NO) has previously been shown to inhibit human rhinovirus (HRV) replication in airway epithelial cells and to inhibit rhinovirus-induced epithelial cytokine and chemokine production independently of its effects on viral replication by modulating nuclear translocation and binding of transcription factors.', 'To define the molecular mechanisms by which NO inhibits HRV-16-induced epithelial production of CXCL10 by affecting nuclear translocation and binding of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1).', 'Cultured human airway epithelial cells were infected with HRV-16 in the absence or presence of a NO donor, or were preincubated with 2 highly selective inhibitors of inhibitor of kappaB kinase (IKK)beta and then infected with HRV-16. Effects on the NF-kappaB and IRF-1 pathways were examined by using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, Western blotting, and real-time RT-PCR.', 'Nitric oxide directly inhibited the binding of both recombinant NF-kappaB p50 protein and recombinant IRF-1 to their recognition sequences from the CXCL10 promoter. NO also inhibited phosphorylation of the NF-kappaB inhibitor, IkappaBalpha, in HRV-16-infected cells. In addition, both NO and inhibitors of IKKbeta inhibited viral induction of IRF-1 mRNA and protein.
answer:

Does nitric oxide inhibit IFN regulatory factor 1 and nuclear factor-kappaB pathways in rhinovirus-infected epithelial cells?