Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Input: Consider Input: Matrix Metalloproteinase-26 (MMP-26) is the smallest member of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family that functions mainly in the extracellular milieu to cleave the extracellular matrix proteins. It is expressed in various cell types of placenta, but its function in placentation has been poorly understood. Considering the existence of a unique cysteine switch sequence in MMP-26 protein sequence, as well as the evidence in cancer cells indicating the digestion of the NH2-terminal domain of ERβ by MMP-26, we hypothesize that MMP-26 may have specific intracellular activity in human placental trophoblast cells.', 'This study aimed to identify the intracellular binding partners of MMP-26 and investigate how MMP-26 is involved in placentation through the interactions with its partners.', 'Yeast two-hybrid system was employed to screen potential binding partners of MMP-26 in human placenta. Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays were conducted to verify the interactions between MMP-26 and the binding partners. HEK293T and HTR8/SVneo cell lines were used as in vitro models to investigate the roles of the interaction between MMP-26 and its binding partner on cell behaviors.', 'RESULTS of yeast two-hybrid assay, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence assays revealed that MMP-26 could bind to growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) in the intracellular milieu. The binding of MMP-26 to GDF15 was responsible for the processing and maturation of pro-GDF15, and the process was dependent on the enzymatic activity of MMP-26. In human placental trophoblast cells, MMP-26 could facilitate the pro-apoptotic effect of GDF15.

Output: 1


Input: Consider Input: Although the majority of evidence does not support association between Helicobacter pylori infection and ischaemic heart disease, the nature of this relationship may differ when virulence of the infecting strains are examined.', 'The prevalence of IgG antibody evidence of infection with CagA positive stains of H. pylori was investigated in stored plasma samples from 259 cases of myocardial infarction (aged 25-70 years, 74 males) and 259 population based controls from the same area in Northern Ireland. Two-hundred and seventy (52.1%) subjects were seropositive for anti-CagA IgG. CagA seropositivity was more common in cases than in controls: 56.4 vs 47.9%, odds ratio for seropositivity in cases (95% CI) 1.41 (1.00, 1.99). Substantial attenuation of this relationship occurred on adjustment for age, sex, number of siblings, smoking and measures of socio-economic status: odds ratio (95% CI) 1.16 (0.79, 1.70). A similar pattern was seen for seropositivity for all H. pylori strains.

Output: 0


Input: Consider Input: Intronic variation in the FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated) gene has been unequivocally associated with increased body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) and the risk of obesity in populations of different ethnicity.', 'We examined whether this robust genetic predisposition to obesity can be attenuated by being more physically active.', 'The FTO variant rs1121980 was genotyped in 20,374 participants (39-79 y of age) from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Norfolk Study, an ethnically homogeneous population-based cohort. Physical activity (PA) was assessed with a validated self-reported questionnaire. The interaction between rs1121980 and PA on BMI and waist circumference (WC) was examined by including the interaction term in mixed-effect models.', 'We confirmed that the risk (T) allele of rs1121980 was significantly associated with BMI (0.31-unit increase per allele; P < 0.001) and WC (0.77-cm increase per allele; P < 0.001). The PA level attenuated the effect of rs1121980 on BMI and WC; ie, whereas in active individuals the risk allele increased BMI by 0.25 per allele, the increase in BMI was significantly (P for interaction = 0.004) more pronounced (76%) in inactive individuals (0.44 per risk allele). We observed similar effects for WC (P for interaction = 0.02): the risk allele increased WC by 1.04 cm per allele in inactive individuals but by only 0.64 cm in active individuals.


Output: 1