TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraphs, some supporting facts and an answer of a question. Your task is to generate question for given answer based on set of context paragraphs, supporting facts and an answer.
PROBLEM: Context_1 : Rural Canada has many faces and many dimensions (social, cultural, economic, etc.) but the common element of most conceptualizations of "rural" is the spatial dimension. Rural is primarily low population density, small population size, and distance from high population density and big size. Not surprisingly, the prevailing definitions of “rural” (in Canada as in most countries) emphasize this spatial dimension. Rural Canada is usually defined by measures of population density, population size and distance from major agglomerations. Context_2 : The Cotai Strip is a term coined by American Las Vegas Sands Corporation with regard to its building of a strip of hotel-casinos in the Cotai section of Macau, a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China. Cotai was the result of a major land reclamation project which joined the two islands of Coloane and Taipa, and is part of the Macau government's continuous efforts to expand the region's territory. The reclaimed land in Cotai is to be mainly used for casino developments and Las Vegas Sands Corporation envisioned that their development of several adjacent properties would comprise an area that would resemble the Las Vegas Strip, albeit on a considerably smaller scale. Context_3 : Lotus Bridge () is a cross-border bridge linking the Cotai reclamation area of Macau with Hengqin Island in Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China (PRC). The bridge is the road crossing between mainland China and Macau. This border crossing is open between 9:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. Context_4 : The effective population size is the number of individuals that an idealised population would need to have, in order for some specified quantity of interest to be the same in the idealised population as in the real population. Idealised populations are based on unrealistic but convenient simplifications such as random mating, simultaneous birth of each new generation, constant population size, and equal numbers of children per parent. While in some simple scenarios, the effective population size can be equal to the number of breeding individuals in the population, for most quantities of interest and most real populations, the census population size "N" of a real population is usually larger than the effective population size "N". The same population may have multiple effective population sizes, for different properties of interest, including for different genetic loci. Context_5 : In population genetics, the Watterson estimator is a method for describing the genetic diversity in a population. It is estimated by counting the number of polymorphic sites. It is a measure of the "population mutation rate" (the product of the effective population size and the neutral mutation rate) from the observed nucleotide diversity of a population. formula_1, where formula_2 is the effective population size and formula_3 is the per-generation mutation rate of the population of interest ( ). The assumptions made are that there is a sample of formula_4 haploid individuals from the population of interest, that there are infinitely many sites capable of varying (so that mutations never overlay or reverse one another), and that formula_5. Context_6 : Hengqin, sometimes known as Ilha de Montanha in Portuguese"," is an island in Zhuhai, a prefecture-level city and Special Economic Zone in the Guangdong province of the People's Republic of China. It has a population of about 3,000. Parts of Hengqin are leased to Macau by the State Council of the People's Republic of China in 2009. Context_7 : The stepwise mutation model (SMM) is a mathematical theory, developed by Motoo Kimura and Tomoko Ohta, that allows for investigation of the equilibrium distribution of allelic frequencies in a finite population where neutral alleles are produced in step-wise fashion. The original model assumes that if an allele has a mutation that causes it to change in state, mutations that occur in repetitive regions of the genome will increase or decrease by a single repeat unit at a fixed rate (i.e. by the addition or subtraction of one repeat unit per generation) and these changes in allele states are expressed by an integer (. . . A-1, A, A1, .. .). The model also assumes random mating and that all alleles are selectively equivalent for each locus. The SMM is distinguished from the Kimura-Crow model, also known as the infinite alleles model (IAM), in that as the population size increases to infinity, while the product of the N (effective population size) and the mutation rate is fixed, the mean number of different alleles in the population rapidly reaches a peak and plateaus, at which time that value is almost the same as the effective number of alleles. Context_8 : The flat-headed cat ("Prionailurus planiceps") is a small wild cat patchily distributed in the Thai-Malay Peninsula, Borneo and Sumatra. Since 2008, it has been listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List due to destruction of wetlands in its habitat. It is suspected that the effective population size could be fewer than 2,500 mature individuals, with no subpopulation having an effective population size larger than 250 adult individuals. Context_9 : Genetic monitoring is the use of molecular markers to (i) identify individuals, species or populations, or (ii) to quantify changes in population genetic metrics (such as effective population size, genetic diversity and population size) over time. Genetic monitoring can thus be used to detect changes in species abundance and/or diversity, and has become an important tool in both conservation and livestock management. The types of molecular markers used to monitor populations are most commonly mitochondrial, microsatellites or single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), while earlier studies also used allozyme data. Species gene diversity is also recognized as an important biodiversity metric for implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Context_10 : The Macau Light Rapid Transit or Macau LRT also known as Metro Ligeiro de Macau is a mass transit system in Macau under construction. It will serve the Macau Peninsula, Taipa and Cotai, serving major border checkpoints such as the Border Gate, the Outer Harbour Ferry Terminal, the Lotus Bridge Border and the Macau International Airport. fact_1 : Lotus Bridge () is a cross-border bridge linking the Cotai reclamation area of Macau with Hengqin Island in Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China (PRC). fact_2 : Hengqin, sometimes known as Ilha de Montanha in Portuguese"," is an island in Zhuhai, a prefecture-level city and Special Economic Zone in the Guangdong province of the People's Republic of China. fact_3 :  It has a population of about 3,000. Answer: 3,000

SOLUTION: What is the population size of the place that is connected by the Lotus Bridge to the Cotai reclamation area of Macau?

PROBLEM: Context_1 : Nuria Oliver is a computer scientist. She is Director of Data Science Research at Vodafone and Chief Data Scientist at DataPop Alliance. Previously, she was Scientific Director at Telefónica and a researcher at Microsoft Research. She holds a PhD from the Media Lab at MIT, and is an IEEE Fellow. She is one of the most cited female computer scientist in Spain, with her research having been cited by more than 11800 publications. She is well known for her work in computational models of human behavior, human computer-interaction, mobile computing and big data for social good. Context_2 : Venkatesan Guruswami (born 1976) is a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, United States. He did his schooling at Padma Seshadri Bala Bhavan in Chennai, India. He completed his undergraduate in Computer Science from IIT Madras and his doctorate from Massachusetts Institute of Technology under the supervision of Madhu Sudan in 2001 . After receiving his PhD, he spent a year at UC Berkeley as a Miller Fellow, and then was a member of the faculty at the University of Washington from 2002 to 2009. His primary area of research is computer science, and in particular on error-correcting codes. Following 2007, he was on leave from University of Washington. During 2007-2008, he visited the Institute for Advanced Study as a Member of School of Mathematics. He also visited SCS at Carnegie Mellon University during 2008-09 as a Visiting Faculty. In July 2009, he joined the School of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University as Associate Professor in the Computer Science Department. Context_3 : David Harold Bailey (born 1948) is a mathematician and computer scientist. He received his B.S. in mathematics from Brigham Young University in 1972 and his Ph.D. in mathematics from Stanford University in 1976. He worked for 14 years as a computer scientist at NASA Ames Research Center, but since 1998 has been at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. He is now officially retired, but continues as an active researcher. He is also a Research Associate at the University of California, Davis, Department of Computer Science. Context_4 : Hamdard University (Urdu: ) is a private research university with campuses in Karachi and Islamabad, Pakistan. It was founded in 1991 by the renowned philanthropist Hakim Said of the Hamdard Foundation. Hamdard is one of the first and the oldest private institutions of higher education in Pakistan. In Karachi, Hamdard University is the largest private research university with a campus area of over 350 acres. Context_5 : Patrick Drew McDaniel is an American computer scientist. He is a William L. Weiss Professor of Information and Communications Technology in the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and the Director of the Institute for Networking and Security Research at the Pennsylvania State University. He has made several contributions in the areas of computer security, operating systems, and computer networks. McDaniel is best known for his work in mobile security as well as in electronic voting security, digital piracy prevention, and cellular networks. In recognition of his contributions and service to the scientific community, he was named IEEE Fellow and ACM Fellow. Prior to joining Penn State in 2004, he was a senior research staff member at AT&T Labs. He obtained his Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from the University of Michigan, under the supervision of Atul Prakash. Context_6 : David Mitchell Magerman (born 1968) is a Jewish Computer Scientist and philanthropist from Brooklyn, New York. David formerly worked as a research scientist at Renaissance Technologies, a hedge fund management firm. From 1995 until 2008, David helped design Renaissance’s equities trading system and ultimately served as the head of production. David also researched artificial intelligence at the IBM T.J. Watson Research Center where he developed statistical methods for understanding speech and language. He was a member of the Board of Trustees of Yeshiva University as well as the Board of Overseers of the University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering. David and his wife Debra live in Merion Station, Pennsylvania, with their four children. Context_7 : Annie J. Easley (April 23, 1933 – June 25, 2011) was an African-American computer scientist, mathematician, and rocket scientist. She worked for the Lewis Research Center (now Glenn Research Center) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and its predecessor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). She was a leading member of the team which developed software for the Centaur rocket stage and one of the first African-Americans to work as a computer scientist at NASA. Context_8 : Carnegie Mellon University (Carnegie Mellon or CMU or ) is a private research university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Context_9 : The University of Southern California (USC or SC) is a private research university located in Los Angeles, California. Founded in 1880, it is the oldest private research university in California. USC has historically educated a large number of the region's business leaders and professionals. In recent decades, the university has also leveraged its location in Los Angeles to establish relationships with research and cultural institutions throughout Asia and the Pacific Rim. An engine for economic activity, USC contributes $8 billion annually to the economy of the Los Angeles metropolitan area and California. Context_10 : Anil Menon is a leading Indian writer of speculative fiction, as well as a computer scientist with a Ph.D. from Syracuse University, who has authored research papers and edited books on Evolutionary Algorithms; his research addressed the mathematical foundations of replicator systems, majorization, and reconstruction of probabilistic databases, in collaboration with Professors Kishan Mehrotra, Chilukuri Mohan, and Sanjay Ranka. After working for several years as a computer scientist, he has directed his creative energies towards fiction. His short stories and reviews have appeared in the anthology series Exotic Gothic, "Strange Horizons", Interzone", "Lady Churchill's Rosebud Wristlet", "Chiaroscuro", "Sybil's Garage", "Apex Digest" and other magazines. In 2009, Zubaan Books, India's leading feminist press, published his debut young adult novel "The Beast With Nine Billion Feet". It was shortlisted for the 2010 Vodafone Crossword Book Award. In 2009, in conjunction with Vandana Singh and Suchitra Mathur, he helped organize India's first in-residence, three-week speculative fiction workshop at IIT-Kanpur. fact_1 : Venkatesan Guruswami (born 1976) is a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, United States. fact_2 : Carnegie Mellon University (Carnegie Mellon or CMU or ) is a private research university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Answer: Carnegie Mellon University

SOLUTION: Venkatesan Guruswami is a computer scientist at what private research university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

PROBLEM: Context_1 : is the capital city of Australia. With a population of 403,468, it is Australia's largest inland city and the eighth-largest city overall. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), 280 km south-west of Sydney, and 660 km north-east of Melbourne. A resident of Canberra is known as a "Canberran". Although Canberra is the capital and seat of government, many federal government ministries have secondary seats in state capital cities, as do the Governor-General and the Prime Minister. Context_2 : Matthew James Pini, also known as Matt Pini (born Canberra, 21 March 1969), is an Australian-born Italian naturalized rugby union player. He played as a fullback. Context_3 : Matthew James Norman (born 17 September 1986), an Australian citizen, was convicted in Indonesia for drug trafficking as a member of the Bali Nine. In 2005, Norman was arrested in a room at the Melasti Hotel in Kuta together with three others. Police uncovered 334 g of heroin in a suitcase in the room. After a criminal trial, on 15 February 2006 Norman was sentenced to life imprisonment. His appeal to the Indonesian Supreme Court to have the sentence reduced suffered a shock when the Supreme Court imposed the death penalty on 6 September 2006. A subsequent appeal to the Indonesian Supreme Court, following a full confession by Norman to his role in the plan to import heroin from Bali to Australia, resulted in the original sentence of life imprisonment being reinstated. Context_4 : Oredo is a Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in Benin City. Oredo is a local government in Edo State, and its capital city is Benin city which also the capital city of Edo State. Benin city also remain the capital city of the Benin Empire. The Oba Of Benin Omo' oba Erediauwa palace is also located here and many historic palaces and buildings are located in this city. Oredo is home to many including the Oba Of Benin Omo Noba Nedo Uku Akpolokpolo Oba Erediauwa, Chief Sam Igbe who also is the Iyase Of Benin Kingdom late Chief Engineer Ima Igiehon, who was the Obaghayomwn of Benin Kingdom, Chief Gabriel Osawaru Igbinadion the Esama Of Benin Kingdom, Prince Adun Akenzua and many other prominent princes and chiefs. Context_5 : Matthew James "Matt" Johnston (born 15 October 1985) is an Australian cricketer, current contracted domestically to Tasmania and the Adelaide Strikers. He previously played for Western Australia and the Hobart Hurricanes. Context_6 : Matthew James Canavan (born 17 December 1980) is an Australian politician. He was elected to the Australian Senate representing the state of Queensland at the 2013 federal election for the term beginning 1 July 2014. He is a member of the Liberal National Party. In the First Turnbull Ministry, Canavan has served as the Minister for Northern Australia between 18 February and 19 July 2016. Context_7 : Matthew James "Matt" Keogh (born 11 November 1981) was elected in the 2016 federal election as the first member for the newly created Division of Burt in the southeastern suburbs of Perth, the capital of Western Australia. Context_8 : Matthew Pateman (also known as Matthew James) is an English singer and actor. He is best known as the former lead singer of the English 1990s boy band, Bad Boys Inc. Context_9 : Matthew James Thomas (Born 1988), also occasionally credited as Matthew Thomas, is a British actor who has made appearances in television, film, and theater. He is known for his television roles including the BAFTA and Emmy Award-winning, "The Lost Prince", and the ITV drama-musical show, "Britannia High". In The U.S., Thomas is best known for having originated the title role of the 2013 Broadway revival of "Pippin", which received a Tony Award for Best Revival of a Musical. He was also a late addition to the U.S. national tour of "Pippin" in 2014. He had his Broadway debut in 2010 playing Peter Parker in "" directed by Julie Taymor, with music by U2’s Bono and Edge. Context_10 : Matthew James Nicholson (born 2 October 1974) is an Australian cricketer who played in one Test in 1998 and over 100 first-class games for New South Wales, Western Australia, Northamptonshire and Surrey. fact_1 : Matthew James Pini, also known as Matt Pini (born Canberra, 21 March 1969), is an Australian-born Italian naturalized rugby union player. fact_2 : is the capital city of Australia. Answer: Canberra

SOLUTION:
What is the capital city of Australia and also where Matthew James Pini was born?