In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
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Question: Context_1 : The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i kemi" ) is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, who died in 1896. These prizes are awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. As dictated by Nobel's will, the award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and awarded by a committee that consists of five members elected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The first Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded in 1901 to Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, of the Netherlands. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award prize that has varied throughout the years. In 1901, van 't Hoff received 150,782 SEK, which is equal to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2007. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death. Context_2 : The Nobel Prizes are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institute, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of Chemistry, Physics, Literature, Peace, Physiology or Medicine and Economics. All but the economics prize were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. The Nobel prize in Economics, or The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for outstanding contributions in the field of Economics. Each prize is awarded by a separate committee; the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, and Economics, the Swedish Academy awards the Prize in Literature, the Karolinska Institute awards the Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee awards the Prize in Peace. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a cash prize that has varied throughout the years. Context_3 : This is a list of Danish Nobel laureates. Since the Nobel Prize was established per the will of Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel in 1895, 12 of the prize winners have been from Denmark. The first Danish Nobel laureate was Niels Ryberg Finsen, who won a Nobel Prize for medicine in 1903 for his work in using light therapy to treat diseases. The most recent Danish Nobel Prize winner was Jens Skou who won the prize in chemistry for his discovery over the enzyme, Na+/K+-ATPase in 1997. To date, of the 13 Nobel Prizes won by Danish people, 5 have been for medicine, 3 have been for physics, 3 have been for literature, 1 has been for chemistry and one has been for peace. Context_4 : Lars Onsager (November 27, 1903 – October 5, 1976) was a Norwegian-born American physical chemist and theoretical physicist. He held the Gibbs Professorship of Theoretical Chemistry at Yale University. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1968. Context_5 : The Leverhulme Medal is awarded by the Royal Society every three years "for an outstandingly significant contribution in the field of pure or applied chemistry or engineering, including chemical engineering". It was created in 1960 after a donation by the Leverhulme Trust to mark the 300-year anniversary of the foundation of the Royal Society, and is accompanied by a £2000 gift. Since its creation it has been awarded 17 times, and unlike other Royal Society medals such as the Royal Medal, it has never been awarded to a woman or to the same person multiple times. Citizens of the United Kingdom have won the medal 16 out of the 17 times; the only foreign recipient was Man Mohan Sharma, an Indian citizen who was awarded the medal in 1996 "for his work on the dynamics of multi-phase chemical reactions in industrial processes". Two of the Leverhulme Medal winners also won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry: Archer John Porter Martin, who won the medal in 1963 for "his distinguished and fundamental discoveries in chromatography and its application" and the Nobel Prize in 1952, and Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, who won the medal in 1960 for "his outstanding contributions to physical chemistry" and the Nobel Prize in 1956. Context_6 : Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (18 July 1853 – 4 February 1928) was a Dutch physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Pieter Zeeman for the discovery and theoretical explanation of the Zeeman effect. He also derived the transformation equations underpinning Albert Einstein's theory of special relativity. Context_7 : The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin" ) is awarded annually by the Swedish Karolinska Institute to scientists and doctors in the various fields of physiology or medicine. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel (who died in 1896), awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. As dictated by Nobel's will, the award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and awarded by a committee that consists of five members and an executive secretary elected by the Karolinska Institute. While commonly referred to as the Nobel Prize in Medicine, Nobel specifically stated that the prize be awarded for "physiology or medicine" in his will. Because of this, the prize can be awarded in a broader range of fields. The first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded in 1901 to Emil Adolf von Behring, of Germany. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award that has varied throughout the years. In 1901, von Behring received 150,782 SEK, which is equal to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2008. In 2013, the prize was awarded to James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman and Thomas C. Südhof; they were recognised "after discovering how cells precisely transport material". The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death. Context_8 : The Nobel Prize in Physics (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i fysik" ) is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who conferred the most outstanding contributions for mankind in the field of physics. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901; the others being the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Context_9 : Since 1901, the Nobel Prize in Literature (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i litteratur" ) has been awarded annually to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Alfred Nobel, produced "in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction" (original Swedish: "den som inom litteraturen har producerat det mest framstående verket i en idealisk riktning"). Though individual works are sometimes cited as being particularly noteworthy, here "work" refers to an author's work as a whole. The Swedish Academy decides who, if anyone, will receive the prize in any given year. The academy announces the name of the chosen laureate in early October. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895; the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Context_10 : The Wien effect is the experimentally-observed increase in ionic mobility or conductivity of electrolytes at very high gradient of electrical potential. A theoretical explanation has been proposed by Lars Onsager. fact_1 :  A theoretical explanation has been proposed by Lars Onsager. fact_2 :  He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1968. Question: A theoretical explanation  of the Wien effect has been proposed by a man awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in what year?

Answer: 1968


Question: Context_1 : Håkon Eikemo Opdal (born 11 June 1982) is a Norwegian professional footballer who plays for Start in the Tippeligaen, as a goalkeeper. He has previously played for Brann, where he won Tippeligaen in 2007 and the Norwegian Cup in 2004. Context_2 : Kyo (京 , Kyō ) is a Japanese musician, poet and singer-songwriter. He is best known as the vocalist of the metal band Dir en grey. He has been with the band since its inception in 1997 and was formerly in La:Sadie's. Kyo was inspired to become a musician when he saw a picture of Buck-Tick vocalist Atsushi Sakurai on the desk of a junior high school classmate. His vocals span a tenor range. Context_3 : Jon Eikemo (born 30 November 1939 in Åsane, Norway) is a Norwegian actor. He debuted on stage in 1961. He made his film debut in 1968, with the movie "De ukjentes marked" ('The Market of the Unknown'). Context_4 : Marit Eikemo (born 1971) is a Norwegian essayist, novelist, journalist and magazine editor. Context_5 : Leif Olve Dolonen Larsen (born April 3, 1975) is a Norwegian athlete who has competed in shot put, American football and professional boxing. Context_6 : The Older Ones is the first compilation album by Norwegian blackened death metal band Old Funeral, which was made up by key players in the Norwegian black metal scene, including bassist/vocalist Olve "Abbath" Eikemo (Immortal), guitarist Harald "Demonaz" Nævdal (Immortal) and guitarist Kristian "Varg" Vikernes (Burzum). By the time this album was released, the members had already gone their separate ways, with Immortal a going concern for Abbath and Varg in jail. Context_7 : Olve Eikemo (born 27 June 1973), better known by his stage name Abbath Doom Occulta or simply Abbath, is a Norwegian musician best known as a founding member of the black metal band Immortal. Before founding Immortal, Abbath performed with Old Funeral alongside future Immortal member Demonaz. While working with Old Funeral, he also joined Demonaz's band Amputation which later became Immortal. He also plays bass in Demonaz's eponymous project. Context_8 : Immortal is a black metal band from Bergen, Norway, founded in 1991 by frontman and bassist Abbath Doom Occulta (Olve Eikemo) and guitarist Demonaz Doom Occulta (Harald Nævdal). The pair worked with various drummers (including Grim, Armagedda and Hellhammer), and were later joined by current drummer Horgh (Reidar Horghagen) in 1996. fact_1 : Kyo (京 , Kyō ) is a Japanese musician, poet and singer-songwriter. fact_2 : Olve Eikemo (born 27 June 1973), better known by his stage name Abbath Doom Occulta or simply Abbath, is a Norwegian musician best known as a founding member of the black metal band Immortal. Question: Are Kyo and Olve Eikemo both Norwegian?

Answer: no


Question: Context_1 : Jack Starrett (November 2, 1936 – March 27, 1989) was an American actor and film director. He is credited as Claude Ennis Starrett Jr. in some of his films. Starrett is perhaps best known for his role as "Gabby Johnson", a parody of George "Gabby" Hayes, in the 1974 classic parody film "Blazing Saddles" and is also known for his role as the brutal deputy Art Galt in the 1982 action film "First Blood". He also played the cruel foreman Swick in "The River". Starrett was often typecast as a tough-talking police officer and played essentially the same character in a trio of biker films: "The Born Losers" (the film that introduced Billy Jack), "Hells Angels on Wheels" (both from 1967), and "Angels from Hell" (1968). He acted in another biker film, "Hell's Bloody Devils" (1970), and directed two more: "Run, Angel, Run" in 1969 and "Nam's Angels" (1970) as well as the horror film "Race with the Devil" (1975), in which he also played a gas station attendant. Context_2 : Stephen Nicholas (born 23 August 1978) also known as Stephen Charles Nicholas is an actor and presenter from Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. Stephen currently lives in Sheffield, his first role was on Sky One's Dream Team, where he played Scott Ward. From there, he filmed the first in the trilogy Goal! (In which he played a Newcastle United Reserves player). Following this, he moved to Los Angeles, where he played Smith in the feature film Futbaal: The Price of Dreams. Stephen then returned to the UK to make a Bollywood film called Dhana Dhana Goal with John Abraham. Stephen then experienced his first opportunity in reality TV with the show Premier League All Stars for Sky One, as well as playing a footballer, he was on-hand to present celebrity gossip and pitch side reports. He then appeared in Celebrity Most Haunted and Date the Enemy. From there he then went on to star in Goal 3 where he not only acted in the film he also became the football choreographer and choreographed all the football scenes in the film. Nicholas then starred in the film Damned United where he played Welsh international Alan Durban, the film was filmed in Chesterfield and Leeds and was directed by Oscar winner Tom Hooper and also starred Oscar nominated Michael Sheen. Stephens next production was the feature film called 'No Way Back Now'about the notorious Manchester district of Moss Side, where Stephen played the lead actor Stuart Gavin,The feature is roughly based on the notorious Gooch gang that terrorised Manchester throughout the years. The next move for Stephen was pantomime where he was part of the production Aladdin over the Christmas period of 2015 in Doncaster playing Abanaza the main villain which he did until January 7, 2016!. He has recently been cast in the up-and-coming Feature Film 'Whiteblade' where he will play Thurstan the head Warlord Whiteblade is currently in production and Stephen is shooting his scenes in August 2016. In September 2016 Stephen will be presenting the Sky TV show 'Britz go Bollywood' the show consists of a group of Celebrities being dressed by The best Indian designers, Stephen is the main presenter of the show which will be screened live September 2, 2016. Context_3 : Melina Paez is a Los Angeles-based film, commercial and stage actor. She has trained for improvisation at Chicago's The Second City, performed in several sketch comedy shows, plays and in non-commercial radio (DJ Slothgirl, 89.1fm WIDR, Kalamazoo). She played Jane Doe in the 2003 feature film "Muhammad and Jane" directed by Usama Alshaibi and played Sabine in the 2007 feature film "Orchard Vale" directed by Tim Kinsella—both of which have been featured at the Chicago Underground Film Festival. In 2011, she appears as an interviewee in TV on the Radio's film, "Nine Types of Light", directed by Tunde Adebimpe. Melina has written about her experience of being on a bombed plane, TWA Flight 840, in 1986. Context_4 : Yanamadala Kasi Viswanath is an Indian actor, director from Andhra Pradesh. He worked as an assistant director, associate director and co-director for 25 films. Later he directed the film Nuvvu Leka Nenu Lenu starring Tarun Kumar, Aarthi Agarwal. Nandamuri Kalyan Ram's Debut film Toli Choopulone is his second film as a director before turning into an actor. He made his debut as an actor in the film Nachavule directed by Ravi Babu. He played the father of hero in that film. Later he acted in more than 90 films. Context_5 : Ako Mitchell is a British-American actor and filmmaker. Ako directed and co-wrote the short film "I'm in the corner with the bluebells" part of the international shorts competition at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival. Ako recently played “Klook” in “Klook’s Last Stand” at London’s Park Theatre where he received an Off West End Awards Best Actor nomination. He also recently played esteemed British actor Lenny Henry's brother in Fences in the West End. Ako has also worked at London’s Donmar Warehouse and played opposite Patina Miller in Sister Act at The London Palladium. Ako’s credits also include: Pilot in Nick Lloyd Webber’s The Little Prince (Savoy Theatre); Mitch in Spelling Bee (Donmar Warehouse); Mufasa in The Lion King (Lyceum Theatre-West End); Coalhouse Walker Jr. in Ragtime (Charing Cross Theatre) and Dennis in Lake Placid: The Final Chapter (Film). Ako also Co-produced the documentary film 500 Years Later, a winner at the Pan-African Film Festival, Black Berlin International Cinema and Harlem International Film Festival. Context_6 : Ian McKellen (born 25 May 1939) is an English stage and screen actor. He is the recipient of six Laurence Olivier Awards, a Tony Award, a Golden Globe Award, two Academy Award nominations, four BAFTA nominations and five Emmy Award nominations. McKellen's work spans genres ranging from Shakespearean and modern theatre to popular fantasy and science fiction. His notable film roles include Gandalf in "The Lord of the Rings" and "The Hobbit" trilogies, Magneto in the "X-Men" films, Sir Leigh Teabing in "The Da Vinci Code" (2006), Sherlock Holmes in "Mr. Holmes" (2015) and Cogsworth in "Beauty and the Beast" (2017). Context_7 : Akshay Kumar is a Legendary Indian film actor and producer who made his debut with a minor role in the 1987 Mahesh Bhatt directed Indian film "Aaj". He appeared as the lead actor in "Saugandh" (1991) before making his breakthrough with the suspense thriller "Khiladi" (1992), the first film of the "Khiladi" series. In the same year, he appeared in the Pramod Chakravorty-produced film "Deedar". In 1994, Kumar earned his first nomination for Best Actor at the Filmfare Awards for his performance in the Yash Chopra-produced romance "Yeh Dillagi" and starred in "Mohra". The following year he appeared in "Sabse Bada Khiladi". Kumar played a supporting role in the Chopra-directed romance "Dil To Pagal Hai" (1997), for which he received a nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor. However, several other of his releases in the 1990s, including "Lahu Ke Do Rang", "Insaaf", "Daava", "Tarazu", "Angaaray", "Barood" and "Zulmi" performed poorly at the box office leading to a setback in his film career. Context_8 : Beauty and the Beast is a 2017 American musical romantic fantasy film directed by Bill Condon from a screenplay written by Stephen Chbosky and Evan Spiliotopoulos, and co-produced by Walt Disney Pictures and Mandeville Films. The film is based on Disney's 1991 animated film of the same name, itself an adaptation of Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont's eighteenth-century fairy tale. The film features an ensemble cast that includes Emma Watson and Dan Stevens as the titular characters with Luke Evans, Kevin Kline, Josh Gad, Ewan McGregor, Stanley Tucci, Audra McDonald, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Ian McKellen, and Emma Thompson in supporting roles. Context_9 : A Wednesday! is a 2008 Indian thriller film written and directed by Neeraj Pandey. It stars Naseeruddin Shah and Anupam Kher. Set between 2 pm and 6 pm on a Wednesday, the film depicts an about-to-retire police commissioner (Anupam Kher) narrating a sequence of events that unfolded on a particular Wednesday. There does not exist any written record. The awareness of the incident exists only in his mind and in those of several individuals who were involved, willingly and unwillingly, and how those events affected the lives of all the concerned people. It was the inspiration for Tamil movie "Unnaipol Oruvan" , Telugu movie "Eeenadu", with Kamal Hassan in the role played by Naseeruddin Shah in the original and Mohanlal and Daggubati Venkatesh playing the role acted by Anupam Kher in the original in Tamil and Telugu respectively and also Hollywood movie A Common Man (film). Directed by Chandran Rutnam with actor Ben Kingsley portraying the role played by Nasseruddin Shah and Ben Cross portraying the role played by Anupam Kher. Context_10 : Frank Harts is an American film, television, and theatre actor. He played George Murchison in the 2004 Tony Award-winning Broadway revival of "A Raisin In The Sun" opposite Sean Combs, Audra McDonald, Phylicia Rashad, and Sanaa Lathan. Harts has played supporting roles in several films, including the film "Home" directed by Jono Oliver which was nominated for an NAACP Image Award for best director in 2014. He played recurring character Deputy Dennis Luckey on the HBO series "The Leftovers" created by Damon Lindelof and Tom Perrotta, directed by Peter Berg. He currently plays recurring character Dale Christo on the new Showtime series "Billions" Harts is a graduate of The Juilliard School. fact_1 :  His notable film roles include Gandalf in "The Lord of the Rings" and "The Hobbit" trilogies, Magneto in the "X-Men" films, Sir Leigh Teabing in "The Da Vinci Code" (2006), Sherlock Holmes in "Mr. Holmes" (2015) and Cogsworth in "Beauty and the Beast" (2017). fact_2 : Beauty and the Beast is a 2017 American musical romantic fantasy film directed by Bill Condon from a screenplay written by Stephen Chbosky and Evan Spiliotopoulos, and co-produced by Walt Disney Pictures and Mandeville Films. Question: Who directed the film where the actor who played Gandalf played Cogsworth?

Answer:
Bill Condon