In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision.  Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. You should write an incorrect option. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.

Input: Consider Input: (Black, J., concurring)). We are also troubled because, given that there was nothing about the officers’ appearance or conduct that revealed that they were engaged in the performance of their duties, Davis lacked fair notice that mere spoken words, which did not disturb the peace, could nonetheless constitute the crime of obstructing the officer’s performance of duty. See Cantwell, 310 U.S. at 311, 60 S.Ct. at 906. “It is an elemental requirement of our constitutional jurisprudence that laws be reasonably intelligible, providing citizens with fair notice as to what conduct is legal and what conduct is illegal.” Rodney A. Smolla, Smolla and Nimmer on Freedom of Speech § 6:13 (1996) (citing Papachristou v. City of Jacksonville, 405 U.S. 156, 162, 92 S.Ct. 839, 843, 31 L.Ed.2d 110 (1972) (<HOLDING>)). We reiterate that we recognize the need to 
 Holding statements: (A) holding where plan language can be interpreted both to grant discretion and not to grant discretion plan does not unambiguously grant discretion (B) recognizing the medicare statutes broad delegation of authority (C) holding unconstitutional vagrancy statutes that were purposely designed to grant police broad discretion (D) holding unconstitutional ordinance that gave executive director excessive discretion in deciding whether the grant of a permit would be detrimental to the public (E) holding that district courts discretion is extremely broad

Output: holding where plan language can be interpreted both to grant discretion and not to grant discretion plan does not unambiguously grant discretion


Input: Consider Input: improperly removed the action as there is no diversity of citizenship between the parties and the amount in controversy fails to meet the $75,000 threshold. (Dkt. No. 5.) Plaintiff seeks relief in the form of “compensatory, special and general damages in an amount according to proof at trial, but not less than $1,000,000.” (Dkt. No., Ex. A.) Plaintiff further states that the amount of the Note on the property in question is $440,000 (Id.) Accordingly, the Court finds that the amount in controversy requirement is satisfied. The question before the Court is whether, for the purposes of diversity jurisdiction, Wells Fargo is also a citizen of California. See, e.g., Uriarte v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 2011 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 127497 at *9, 2011 WL 5295285 at *2-3 (S.D.Cal. Nov. 3, 2011) (<HOLDING>). But see Flores v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. 2012 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that for a domestic corporation the foreign principal place of business does not count (B) holding that the location of a corporations principal place of business for diversity purposes is the state where the corporation has its headquarters or nerve center (C) holding that if a domestic corporations principal place of business is abroad the foreign principal place of business cannot be considered for diversity jurisdiction purposes (D) holding that wells fargo is also a citizen of california where it has its principal place of business (E) holding that for diversity purposes a national bank is  a citizen of  the state of its principal place of business and the state listed in its organizational certificate

Output: holding that for a domestic corporation the foreign principal place of business does not count


Input: Consider Input: any federal law____” (Compl. 2.) 2 . The Court's later findings regarding AstraZeneca's material misrepresentation constitute an independent basis for remand. I do not address the situation where a defendant has knowledge of a fraudulent joinder prior to removal, intends to use fraudulent joinder to explain why the rule of unanimity is inapplicable, but fails to plead fraudulent joinder in the removal notice. 3 . AstraZeneca asserts that Local 68 did not meet the requirements of N.J. Ct. R. 4:4-4(b)(1)(C), such as evidencing diligent effort and inquiry into personal service. AstraZeneca, however, conflates the requirements of two separate service provisions of New Jersey state law. See Citibank, N.A. v. Russo, 334 N.J.Super. 346, 351-52, 759 A.2d 865, 868 (N.J.Super.Ct.App.Div.2000) (<HOLDING>). 4 . Four of the fifty-eight named defendants 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that more stringent requirements of  1823e do not apply retroactively (B) holding that requirements of nj ct r 444c do not apply to service authorized by nj ct r 444b1c (C) holding that the federal register notice requirements do not apply to federal criminal statutes (D) holding the contract was not authorized by law (E) holding civil factual sufficiency preservation requirements do not apply in criminal context


Output: holding that more stringent requirements of  1823e do not apply retroactively