instruction:
In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``United States-Israel Cybersecurity 
Cooperation Enhancement Act of 2016''.

SEC. 2. UNITED STATES-ISRAEL CYBERSECURITY COOPERATION.

    (a) Grant Program.--
            (1) Establishment.--The Secretary, in accordance with the 
        agreement entitled the ``Agreement between the Government of 
        the United States of America and the Government of the State of 
        Israel on Cooperation in Science and Technology for Homeland 
        Security Matters'', dated May 29, 2008 (or successor 
        agreement), and the requirements specified in paragraph (2), 
        shall establish a grant program at the Department to support--
                    (A) cybersecurity research and development; and
                    (B) demonstration and commercialization of 
                cybersecurity technology.
            (2) Requirements.--
                    (A) Applicability.--Notwithstanding any other 
                provision of law, in carrying out a research, 
                development, demonstration, or commercial application 
                program or activity that is authorized under this 
                section, the Secretary shall require cost sharing in 
                accordance with this paragraph.
                    (B) Research and development.--
                            (i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                        clause (ii), the Secretary shall require not 
                        less than 50 percent of the cost of a research, 
                        development, demonstration, or commercial 
                        application program or activity described in 
                        subparagraph (A) to be provided by a non-
                        Federal source.
                            (ii) Reduction.--The Secretary may reduce 
                        or eliminate, on a case-by-case basis, the 
                        percentage requirement specified in clause (i) 
                        if the Secretary determines that such reduction 
                        or elimination is necessary and appropriate.
                    (C) Merit review.--In carrying out a research, 
                development, demonstration, or commercial application 
                program or activity that is authorized under this 
                section, awards shall be made only after an impartial 
                review of the scientific and technical merit of the 
                proposals for such awards has been carried out by or 
                for the Department.
                    (D) Review processes.--In carrying out a review 
                under subparagraph (C), the Secretary may use merit 
                review processes developed under section 302(14) of the 
                Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 182(14)).
            (3) Eligible applicants.--An applicant shall be eligible to 
        receive a grant under this subsection if the project of such 
        applicant--
                    (A) addresses a requirement in the area of 
                cybersecurity research or cybersecurity technology, as 
                determined by the Secretary; and
                    (B) is a joint venture between--
                            (i)(I) a for-profit business entity, 
                        academic institution, National Laboratory (as 
                        defined in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act 
                        of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801)), or nonprofit entity 
                        in the United States; and
                            (II) a for-profit business entity, academic 
                        institution, or nonprofit entity in Israel; or
                            (ii)(I) the Federal Government; and
                            (II) the Government of Israel.
            (4) Applications.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this subsection, an applicant shall submit to the Secretary an 
        application for such grant in accordance with procedures 
        established by the Secretary, in consultation with the advisory 
        board established under paragraph (5).
            (5) Advisory board.--
                    (A) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish 
                an advisory board to--
                            (i) monitor the method by which grants are 
                        awarded under this subsection; and
                            (ii) provide to the Secretary periodic 
                        performance reviews of actions taken to carry 
                        out this subsection.
                    (B) Composition.--The advisory board established 
                under subparagraph (A) shall be composed of three 
                members, to be appointed by the Secretary, of whom--
                            (i) one shall be a representative of the 
                        Federal Government;
                            (ii) one shall be selected from a list of 
                        nominees provided by the United States-Israel 
                        Binational Science Foundation; and
                            (iii) one shall be selected from a list of 
                        nominees provided by the United States-Israel 
                        Binational Industrial Research and Development 
                        Foundation.
            (6) Contributed funds.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
        of law, the Secretary may accept or retain funds contributed by 
        any person, government entity, or organization for purposes of 
        carrying out this subsection. Such funds shall be available, 
        subject to appropriation, without fiscal year limitation.
            (7) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        completion of a project for which a grant is provided under 
        this subsection, the grant recipient shall submit to the 
        Secretary a report that contains--
                    (A) a description of how the grant funds were used 
                by the recipient; and
                    (B) an evaluation of the level of success of each 
                project funded by the grant.
            (8) Classification.--Grants shall be awarded under this 
        subsection only for projects that are considered to be 
        unclassified by both the United States and Israel.
    (b) Termination.--The grant program and the advisory board 
established under this section terminate on the date that is seven 
years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (c) Prohibition on Additional Funding.--No additional funds are 
authorized to be appropriated to carry out this Act.
    (d) Definitions.--In this section--
            (1) the term ``cybersecurity research'' means research, 
        including social science research, into ways to identify, 
        protect against, detect, respond to, and recover from 
        cybersecurity threats;
            (2) the term ``cybersecurity technology'' means technology 
        intended to identify, protect against, detect, respond to, and 
        recover from cybersecurity threats;
            (3) the term ``cybersecurity threat'' has the meaning given 
        such term in section 102 of the Cybersecurity Information 
        Sharing Act of 2015 (enacted as title I of the Cybersecurity 
        Act of 2015 (division N of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 
        2016 (Public Law 114-113)));
            (4) the term ``Department'' means the Department of 
        Homeland Security; and
            (5) the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Homeland 
        Security.

            Passed the House of Representatives November 29, 2016.

            Attest:

                                                 KAREN L. HAAS,

                                                                 Clerk.
answer:
United States-Israel Cybersecurity Cooperation Enhancement Act of 2016  (Sec. 2) This bill requires the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to establish a grant program to support cybersecurity research and development, and the demonstration and commercialization of cybersecurity technology, in accordance with the Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the State of Israel on Cooperation in Science and Technology for Homeland Security Matters, dated May 29, 2008, or a successor agreement.  Grants may be awarded for social science research and technology intended to identify, protect against, respond to, and recover from cybersecurity threats. To be eligible for a grant, a project must be a joint venture between: (1) for-profit, nonprofit, or academic entities (including U.S. national laboratories) in the United States and Israel; or (2) the governments of the United States and Israel.  Grants shall be awarded only for projects considered unclassified by both the United States and Israel. DHS must require cost sharing of at least 50% from nonfederal sources for grant activities, but it may reduce the nonfederal percentage if necessary on a case-by-case basis.  DHS must establish an advisory board to monitor the impartial scientific and technical merit method by which grants are awarded and provide periodic reviews of the actions taken to carry out the program. The grant program terminates seven years after this bill's enactment. 


question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Federal Judiciary Ethics Reform Act 
of 2006''.

SEC. 2. JUDICIAL EDUCATION FUND.

    (a) Establishment.--Chapter 42 of title 28, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 630. Judicial Education Fund
    ``(a) In this section, the term--
            ``(1) `institution of higher education' has the meaning 
        given under section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
        (20 U.S.C. 1001(a));
            ``(2) `private judicial seminar'--
                    ``(A) means a seminar, symposia, panel discussion, 
                course, or a similar event that provides continuing 
                legal education to judges; and
                    ``(B) does not include--
                            ``(i) seminars that last 1 day or less and 
                        are conducted by, and on the campus of, an 
                        institute of higher education;
                            ``(ii) seminars that last 1 day or less and 
                        are conducted by national bar associations or 
                        State or local bar associations for the benefit 
                        of the bar association membership; or
                            ``(iii) seminars of any length conducted 
                        by, and on the campus of an institute of higher 
                        education or by national bar associations or 
                        State or local bar associations, where a judge 
                        is a presenter and at which judges constitute 
                        less than 25 percent of the participants;
            ``(3) `national bar association' means a national 
        organization that is open to general membership to all members 
        of the bar; and
            ``(4) `State or local bar association' means a State or 
        local organization that is open to general membership to all 
        members of the bar in the specified geographic region.
    ``(b) There is established within the United States Treasury a fund 
to be known as the `Judicial Education Fund' (in this section referred 
to as the `Fund').
    ``(c) Amounts in the Fund may be made available for the payment of 
necessary expenses, including reasonable expenditures for 
transportation, food, lodging, private judicial seminar fees and 
materials, incurred by a judge or justice in attending a private 
judicial seminar approved by the Board of the Federal Judicial Center. 
Necessary expenses shall not include expenditures for recreational 
activities or entertainment other than that provided to all attendees 
as an integral part of the private judicial seminar. Any payment from 
the Fund shall be approved by the Board.
    ``(d) The Board may approve a private judicial seminar after 
submission of information by the sponsor of that private judicial 
seminar that includes--
            ``(1) the content of the private judicial seminar 
        (including a list of presenters, topics, and course materials); 
        and
            ``(2) the litigation activities of the sponsor and the 
        presenters at the private judicial seminar (including the 
        litigation activities of the employer of each presenter) on the 
        topic related to those addressed at the private judicial 
        seminar.
    ``(e) If the Board approves a private judicial seminar, the Board 
shall make the information submitted under subsection (d) relating to 
the private judicial seminar available to judges and the public by 
posting the information on the Internet.
    ``(f) The Judicial Conference shall promulgate guidelines to ensure 
that the Board only approves private judicial seminars that are 
conducted in a manner so as to maintain the public's confidence in an 
unbiased and fair-minded judiciary.
    ``(g) There are authorized to be appropriated for deposit in the 
Fund $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006, 2007, and 2008, to 
remain available until expended.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for 
chapter 42 of title 28, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following:

``630. Judicial Education Fund.''.

SEC. 3. PRIVATE JUDICIAL SEMINAR GIFTS PROHIBITED.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section, the term--
            (1) ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning 
        given under section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
        (20 U.S.C. 1001(a));
            (2) ``private judicial seminar''--
                    (A) means a seminar, symposia, panel discussion, 
                course, or a similar event that provides continuing 
                legal education to judges; and
                    (B) does not include--
                            (i) seminars that last 1 day or less and 
                        are conducted by, and on the campus of, an 
                        institute of higher education;
                            (ii) seminars that last 1 day or less and 
                        are conducted by national bar associations or 
                        State or local bar associations for the benefit 
                        of the bar association membership; or
                            (iii) seminars of any length conducted by, 
                        and on the campus of an institute of higher 
                        education or by national bar associations or 
                        State or local bar associations, where a judge 
                        is a presenter and at which judges constitute 
                        less than 25 percent of the participants;
            (3) ``national bar association'' means a national 
        organization that is open to general membership to all members 
        of the bar; and
            (4) ``State or local bar association'' means a State or 
        local organization that is open to general membership to all 
        members of the bar in the specified geographic region.
    (b) In General.--Not later than 240 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Judicial Conference of the United States 
shall promulgate regulations to apply section 7353(a) of title 5, 
United States Code, to prohibit the solicitation or acceptance of 
anything of value in connection with a private judicial seminar.
    (c) Exception.--The prohibition under the regulations promulgated 
under subsection (b) shall not apply if--
            (1) the judge participates in a private judicial seminar as 
        a speaker, panel participant, or otherwise presents 
        information;
            (2) Federal judges are not the primary audience at the 
        private judicial seminar; and
            (3) the thing of value accepted is--
                    (A) reimbursement from the private judicial seminar 
                sponsor of reasonable transportation, food, or lodging 
                expenses on any day on which the judge speaks, 
                participates, or presents information, as applicable;
                    (B) attendance at the private judicial seminar on 
                any day on which the judge speaks, participates, or 
                presents information, as applicable; or
                    (C) anything excluded from the definition of a gift 
                under regulations of the Judicial Conference of the 
                United States under sections 7351 and 7353 of title 5, 
                United States Code, as in effect on the date of 
                enactment of this Act.

SEC. 4. RECUSAL LISTS.

    Section 455 of title 28, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``(g)(1) Each justice, judge, and magistrate of the United States 
shall maintain a list of all financial interests that would require 
disqualification under subsection (b)(4).
    ``(2) Each list maintained under paragraph (1) shall be made 
available to the public at the office of the clerk for the court at 
which a justice, judge, or magistrate is assigned.''.
answer:
Federal Judiciary Ethics Reform Act of 2006 - Amends the federal judicial code to: (1) establish within the Treasury a Judicial Education Fund for the payment of necessary expenses incurred by a judge or justice in attending a private judicial seminar approved by the Board of the Federal Judicial Center; and (2) require each justice, judge, and magistrate of the United States to maintain a list (to be made available to the public) of all financial interests that would require disqualification in any proceeding in which his or her impartiality might reasonably be questioned.

Directs the Judicial Conference of the United States to promulgate regulations to prohibit the solicitation or acceptance of anything in value in connection with a private judicial seminar, with specified exceptions.


question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``ATM Fee Reform Act of 1996''.

SEC. 2. ELECTRONIC FUND TRANSFER FEE DISCLOSURES AT ANY HOST ATM.

    Section 904 of the Electronic Fund Transfer Act (15 U.S.C. 1693b) 
is amended--
            (1) by striking ``(d) In the event'' and inserting ``(d) 
        Applicability to Service Providers Other Than Certain Financial 
        Institutions.--
            ``(1) In general.--In the event''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(2) Fee disclosures at electronic terminals.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The regulations prescribed under 
                paragraph (1) shall require any host electronic 
                terminal operator who imposes a fee on any consumer for 
                providing host transfer services to such consumer to 
                provide notice in accordance with subparagraph (B) to 
                the consumer (at the time the service is provided) of--
                            ``(i) the fact that a fee is imposed by 
                        such operator for providing the service; and
                            ``(ii) the amount of any such fee.
                    ``(B) Notice requirements.--The notice required 
                under subparagraph (A) with respect to any fee 
                described in such subparagraph shall--
                            ``(i) be posted in a prominent and 
                        conspicuous location on or at the electronic 
                        terminal at which the electronic fund transfer 
                        is initiated by the consumer; and
                            ``(ii) appear on the screen of the 
                        electronic terminal, or on a paper notice 
                        issued from the terminal, after the transaction 
                        is initiated and before the consumer is 
                        irrevocably committed to completing the 
                        transaction.
                    ``(C) Prohibition on fees not properly disclosed 
                and explicitly assumed by consumer.--No fee may be 
                imposed by any host electronic terminal operator in 
                connection with any electronic fund transfer initiated 
                by a consumer for which a notice is required under 
                subparagraph (A), unless--
                            ``(i) the consumer receives such notice in 
                        accordance with subparagraph (B); and
                            ``(ii) the consumer elects to continue in 
                        the manner necessary to effect the transaction 
                        after receiving such notice.
                    ``(D) Definitions.--For purposes of this paragraph, 
                the following definitions shall apply:
                            ``(i) Electronic fund transfer.--The term 
                        `electronic fund transfer' includes a 
                        transaction which involves a balance inquiry 
                        initiated by a consumer in the same manner as 
                        an electronic fund transfer, whether or not the 
                        consumer initiates a transfer of funds in the 
                        course of the transaction.
                            ``(ii) Host electronic terminal operator.--
                        The term `host electronic terminal operator' 
                        means any person who--
                                    ``(I) operates an electronic 
                                terminal at which consumers initiate 
                                electronic fund transfers; and
                                    ``(II) is not the financial 
                                institution which holds the account of 
                                any such consumer from which the 
                                transfer is made.
                            ``(iii) Host transfer services.--The term 
                        `host transfer services' means any electronic 
fund transfer made by a host electronic terminal operator in connection 
with a transaction initiated by a consumer at an electronic terminal 
operated by such operator.''.

SEC. 3. AGENCY REPORTS OF COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION E.

    (a) In General.--Section 918 of the Electronic Fund Transfer Act 
(15 U.S.C. 1693p) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
subsection:
    ``(c) Compliance and Trends.--
            ``(1) Regulation e compliance reports.--Each agency 
        responsible under section 917 for enforcing compliance with the 
        requirements imposed under this title shall submit an annual 
        report to the Congress on the degree to which entities which 
        are subject to the jurisdiction of such agency under this title 
        are in compliance with regulations prescribed by the Board 
        under section 904(d).
            ``(2) Trends in fees imposed by host atm operators.--Each 
        report submitted by an agency pursuant to paragraph (1) shall 
        include a description of any discernible trend, in the Nation 
        as a whole and in each region--
                    ``(A) in the imposition of fees for which notices 
                are required under section 904(d)(2); and
                    ``(B) in the rate of compliance with regulations 
                prescribed pursuant to such section.
            ``(3) Separate submission not required.--The information 
        required to be submitted to the Congress under this subsection 
        may be included in any other annual report submitted to the 
        Congress by such agency.''.

SEC. 4. DISCLOSURE OF POSSIBLE FEES TO CONSUMERS WHEN ATM CARD IS 
              ISSUED.

    Section 911 of the Electronic Fund Transfer Act (15 U.S.C. 1693i) 
is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(d) Disclosure of Possible EFT Fees.--Whenever a card, code, or 
other means of access to a consumer's account is issued for the purpose 
of initiating electronic fund transfers from such account, the person 
issuing the card, code, or other means of access shall provide a 
written notice to the accountholder that a fee may be imposed by--
            ``(1) a host electronic terminal operator (as defined in 
        section 904(d)(2)(D)(ii)) if the consumer initiates a transfer 
        from an electronic terminal which is not operated by the person 
        issuing the card or other means of access; and
            ``(2) any national, regional, or local network utilized to 
        effect the transaction.''.

SEC. 5. FEASIBILITY STUDY.

    (a) In General.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall 
conduct a study of the feasibility of prohibiting the imposition of any 
fee by any person in connection with any electronic fund transfer 
initiated by a consumer through the use of an electronic terminal 
unless--
            (1) a notice is provided to the consumer before the 
        consumer is irrevocably committed to completing the 
        transaction, which clearly states the amount of any fee which 
        will be imposed upon the consummation of the transaction by--
                    (A) any host electronic terminal operator (as 
                defined in section 904(d)(2)(D)(ii) of the Electronic 
                Fund Transfer Act) involved in the transaction;
                    (B) the financial institution holding the account 
                of the consumer;
                    (C) any national, regional, or local network 
                utilized to effect the transaction; and
                    (D) any other party involved in the transfer; and
            (2) the consumer elects to consummate the transaction after 
        receiving the notice described in paragraph (1).
    (b) Factors To Be Considered.--In conducting the study required 
under subsection (a) with regard to the notice requirement described in 
such subsection, the Comptroller General shall consider the following 
factors:
            (1) The availability of appropriate technology.
            (2) Implementation and operating costs.
            (3) The competitive impact any such notice requirement 
        would have on various sizes and types of institutions, if 
        implemented.
            (4) The period of time which would be reasonable for 
        implementing any such notice requirement.
            (5) The extent to which consumers would benefit from any 
        such notice requirement.
            (6) Any other factor the Comptroller General determines to 
        be appropriate in analyzing the feasibility of imposing any 
        such notice requirement.
    (c) Report to the Congress.--Before the end of the 6-month period 
beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller 
General shall submit a report to the Congress containing--
            (1) the findings and conclusions of the Comptroller General 
        in connection with the study required under subsection (a); and
            (2) the recommendation of the Comptroller General with 
        regard to the question of whether a notice requirement 
        described in subsection (a) should be implemented and, if so, 
        how such requirement should be implemented.
answer:

ATM Fee Reform Act of 1996 - Amends the Electronic Fund Transfer Act to mandate fee disclosures at the time of service by any host electronic terminal operator which imposes a fee for providing host transfer services to a consumer. 
Requires each agency responsible for compliance enforcement under the Act to report annually to the Congress on compliance and on regional and national trends in fees imposed by host ATM operators. 
Mandates the disclosure to consumers whenever an electronic means of accessing the consumer's account is issued of possible fees for initiating electronic fund transfers. 
Requires the Comptroller General to study the feasibility of prohibiting the imposition of an electronic fund transfer fee unless notice has been provided before the consumer is irrevocably committed to completing the transaction.