Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Q: To observe the effects of Sanhuangyinchi decoction (SHYCD) pretreatment on acute hepatic failure (AHF) induced by D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats and explore the possible mechanisms involving antioxidant stress and cell apoptosis-related protein expression.', 'Forty-eight SD rats were randomized equally into control group, AHF model group, high-, medium- and low-dose SHYCD groups, and Bicyclol group. Five days after administration of the corresponding drugs, the rats were challenged with peritoneal D-galactosamine (700 mg/kg) plus LPS (10 ug/kg) injections to induce AHF acute hepatic failure except for those in the control group. At 48 h after the injections, blood samples were collected from the rats to detect the levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, PT, INR and FIB, and pathological changes and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the liver were examined; immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to detect caspase-3 protein expression in the liver.', 'The levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, TP and INR in the 3 SHYCD groups and Bicyclol group significantly decreased (P<0.05) while FIB significantly increased in comparison with those in the model group. SHYCD obviously ameliorated the pathological changes, enhanced SOD activity (P<0.05), and decreased MDA levels (P<0.05) and caspase-3 expression (P<0.05) in the liver tissue. SHYCD at the medium dose produced similar effects to Bicyclol (P>0.05) and showed better effects at the high dose than Bicyclol (P<0.05).

A: Does [ Sanhuangyinchi decoction pretreatment ameliorate acute hepatic failure in rats by suppressing antioxidant stress and caspase-3 expression ]?
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Q: Patients with diabetes are at greater risk of cardiovascular events. Insulin resistance (IR) and hyperinsulinaemia are both related to an increased cardiovascular risk, but whether IR predicts coronary heart disease (CHD) independently of other risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a topic of considerable controversy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prospective relationship of fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-h post-load glucose (2hPG) load with CHD incidence among such patients.', 'A total of 2607 patients with T2D were enrolled in a community-dwelling cohort and followed for an average of 7.2 years. Conventional CHD risk factors, FPG, 2hPG, fasting insulin levels and HOMA-IR index were measured at baseline. Cox regression hazard ratios (HRs) were used to assess CHD risk.', "A total of 299 'hard' CHD events were registered (in 114 women and 185 men). Increasing levels of fasting insulinaemia were positively associated with CHD incidence. This correlation persisted after controlling for gender, body mass index, blood pressure, lipid profile, medication use and HbA1c [HR for each increase in quartile (fully adjusted model): 1.18 (95% CI: 1.06-1.32); P<0.01]. 2hPG showed a non-linear association with incident CHD [HR of highest vs lowest quartile: 1.64 (95% CI: 1.03-2.61)]. Fasting glycaemia was not associated with CHD risk, whereas HOMA-IR had a direct and independent correlation with CHD risk [HR for each one-quartile increase: 1.19 (95% CI: 1.07-1.34); P<0.01].

A: Do fasting hyperinsulinaemia and 2-h glycaemia predict coronary heart disease in patients with type 2 diabetes?
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Q: We sought to assess whether mechanical unloading has beneficial effects on cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in rats.', 'Mechanical unloading by a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) improves the cardiac function of terminal heart failure in humans. However, previous animal studies have failed to demonstrate beneficial effects of mechanical unloading in the myocardium.', 'The effects of mechanical unloading by heterotopic abdominal heart transplantation were evaluated in the myocardium from doxorubicin-treated rats by analyzing the intracellular free calcium level ([Ca(2+)](i)) and the levels of intracellular Ca(2+)-regulatory proteins.', 'In doxorubicin-treated rats, the duration of cell shortening and [Ca(2+)](i) transients in cardiomyocytes was prolonged (432 +/- 28.2% of control in 50% relaxation time; 184 +/- 10.5% of control in [Ca(2+)](i) 50% decay time). Such prolonged time courses significantly recovered after mechanical unloading (114 +/- 10.4% of control in 50% relaxation time; 114 +/- 5.8% of control in 50% decay time). These effects were accompanied by an increase in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA2a) protein levels (0.97 +/- 0.05 in unloaded hearts vs. 0.41+/- 0.09 in non-unloaded hearts). The levels of other intracellular Ca(2+)-regulatory proteins (phospholamban and ryanodine receptor) were not altered after mechanical unloading in doxorubicin-treated hearts. These parameters in unloaded hearts without doxorubicin treatment were similar to normal hearts.

A:
Does mechanical unloading improve intracellular Ca2+ regulation in rats with doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy?
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