In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
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Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Child Custody Protection Act''.

SEC. 2. TRANSPORTATION OF MINORS IN CIRCUMVENTION OF CERTAIN LAWS 
              RELATING TO ABORTION.

    Title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after chapter 
117 the following:

 ``CHAPTER 117A--TRANSPORTATION OF MINORS IN CIRCUMVENTION OF CERTAIN 
                       LAWS RELATING TO ABORTION

``Sec.
``2431. Transportation of minors in circumvention of certain laws 
                            relating to abortion.
``2432. Transportation of minors in circumvention of certain laws 
                            relating to abortion.
``Sec. 2431. Transportation of minors in circumvention of certain laws 
              relating to abortion
    ``(a) Offense.--
            ``(1) Generally.--Except as provided in subsection (b), 
        whoever knowingly transports a minor across a State line, with 
        the intent that such minor obtain an abortion, and thereby in 
        fact abridges the right of a parent under a law requiring 
        parental involvement in a minor's abortion decision, in force 
        in the State where the minor resides, shall be fined under this 
        title or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.
            ``(2) Definition.--For the purposes of this subsection, an 
        abridgement of the right of a parent occurs if an abortion is 
        performed or induced on the minor, in a State or a foreign 
        nation other than the State where the minor resides, without 
        the parental consent or notification, or the judicial 
        authorization, that would have been required by that law had 
        the abortion been performed in the State where the minor 
        resides.
    ``(b) Exceptions.--
            ``(1) The prohibition of subsection (a) does not apply if 
        the abortion was necessary to save the life of the minor 
        because her life was endangered by a physical disorder, 
        physical injury, or physical illness, including a life 
        endangering physical condition caused by or arising from the 
        pregnancy itself.
            ``(2) A minor transported in violation of this section, and 
        any parent of that minor, may not be prosecuted or sued for a 
        violation of this section, a conspiracy to violate this 
        section, or an offense under section 2 or 3 based on a 
        violation of this section.
    ``(c) Affirmative Defense.--It is an affirmative defense to a 
prosecution for an offense, or to a civil action, based on a violation 
of this section that the defendant--
            ``(1) reasonably believed, based on information the 
        defendant obtained directly from a parent of the minor, that 
        before the minor obtained the abortion, the parental consent or 
        notification took place that would have been required by the 
        law requiring parental involvement in a minor's abortion 
        decision, had the abortion been performed in the State where 
        the minor resides; or
            ``(2) was presented with documentation showing with a 
        reasonable degree of certainty that a court in the minor's 
        State of residence waived any parental notification required by 
        the laws of that State, or otherwise authorized that the minor 
        be allowed to procure an abortion.
    ``(d) Civil Action.--Any parent who suffers harm from a violation 
of subsection (a) may obtain appropriate relief in a civil action 
unless the parent has committed an act of incest with the minor subject 
to subsection (a).
    ``(e) Definitions.--For the purposes of this section--
            ``(1) the term `abortion' means the use or prescription of 
        any instrument, medicine, drug, or any other substance or 
        device intentionally to terminate the pregnancy of a female 
        known to be pregnant, with an intention other than to increase 
        the probability of a live birth, to preserve the life or health 
        of the child after live birth, to terminate an ectopic 
        pregnancy, or to remove a dead unborn child who died as the 
        result of a spontaneous abortion, accidental trauma or a 
        criminal assault on the pregnant female or her unborn child;
            ``(2) the term a `law requiring parental involvement in a 
        minor's abortion decision' means a law--
                    ``(A) requiring, before an abortion is performed on 
                a minor, either--
                            ``(i) the notification to, or consent of, a 
                        parent of that minor; or
                            ``(ii) proceedings in a State court; and
                    ``(B) that does not provide as an alternative to 
                the requirements described in subparagraph (A) 
                notification to or consent of any person or entity who 
                is not described in that subparagraph;
            ``(3) the term `minor' means an individual who is not older 
        than the maximum age requiring parental notification or 
        consent, or proceedings in a State court, under the law 
        requiring parental involvement in a minor's abortion decision;
            ``(4) the term `parent' means--
                    ``(A) a parent or guardian;
                    ``(B) a legal custodian; or
                    ``(C) a person standing in loco parentis who has 
                care and control of the minor, and with whom the minor 
                regularly resides, who is designated by the law 
                requiring parental involvement in the minor's abortion 
                decision as a person to whom notification, or from whom 
                consent, is required; and
            ``(5) the term `State' includes the District of Columbia 
        and any commonwealth, possession, or other territory of the 
        United States, and any Indian tribe or reservation.
``Sec. 2432. Transportation of minors in circumvention of certain laws 
              relating to abortion
    ``Notwithstanding section 2431(b)(2), whoever has committed an act 
of incest with a minor and knowingly transports the minor across a 
State line with the intent that such minor obtain an abortion, shall be 
fined under this title or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. 
For the purposes of this section, the terms `State', `minor', and 
`abortion' have, respectively, the definitions given those terms in 
section 2435.''.

SEC. 3. CLERICAL AMENDMENT.

    The table of chapters at the beginning of part I of title 18, 
United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to 
chapter 117 the following new items:

``117A. Transportation of minors in circumvention of certain    2431''.
                            laws relating to abortion.

Answer: Child Custody Protection Act - Amends the federal criminal code to prohibit transporting a minor child across a state line to obtain an abortion (deems such transporting to be a de facto abridgment of the right of a parent under any law in the minors state of residence that requires parental involvement in the minors abortion decision). Makes an exception for an abortion necessary to safe the life of the minor.

Makes it an affirmative defense to a prosecution or civil action under this Act that a defendant: (1) reasonably believed that before the minor obtained the abortion, the required parental consent or notification or judicial authorization took place; or (2) was presented with documentation showing that a court waived parental notification requirements or authorized the minor's abortion.

Defines "abortion" as the termination of a pregnancy with an intention other than to increase the probability of a live birth, preserve the life or health of the child after live birth, terminate an ectopic pregnancy, or remove a dead unborn child who died as the result of a spontaneous abortion, accidental trauma, or a criminal assault on the pregnant female or her unborn child.

Imposes a fine and/or prison term of up to one year on anyone who has committed an act of incest with a minor and knowingly transports such minor across a state line to obtain an abortion.


Question: SECTION 1. INADMISSIBILITY OF ALIENS SUPPORTING INTERNATIONAL CHILD 
              ABDUCTORS AND RELATIVES OF SUCH ABDUCTORS.

    (a) In General.--Section 212(a)(10)(C)(ii) of the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(10)(C)(ii)) is amended--
            (1) in subclause (I), by striking the comma at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon;
            (2) in subclause (II), by striking ``, or'' at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon;
            (3) by amending subclause (III) to read as follows:
                                    ``(III) is a spouse (other than the 
                                spouse who is the parent of the 
                                abducted child), child (other than the 
                                abducted child), parent, sibling, 
                                cousin, uncle, aunt, nephew, niece, or 
                                grandparent of an alien described in 
                                clause (i), is an agent of such an 
                                alien, or is a principal employing such 
                                an alien as an agent, if such person 
                                has been designated by the Secretary of 
                                State at the Secretary's sole and 
                                unreviewable discretion; or'' and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
                                    ``(IV) is a spouse of the abducted 
                                child described in clause (i), if such 
                                person has been designated by the 
                                Secretary of State at the Secretary's 
                                sole and unreviewable discretion,
                        is inadmissible until such child is surrendered 
                        to the person granted custody by the order 
                        described in that clause, and such custodian 
                        and child are permitted to return to the United 
                        States or such custodian's place of 
                        residence.''.
    (b) Identification of Aliens Supporting Abductors and Relatives of 
Abductors; Notice to Custodial Parents and Guardians; Annual Report; 
Definitions.--Section 212(a)(10)(C) of the Immigration and Nationality 
Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(10)(C)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
                            ``(iv) Identification of aliens supporting 
                        abductors and relatives of abductors.--In all 
                        instances in which an alien commits an act 
                        described in clause (i), the Secretary of State 
                        shall take appropriate action to identify the 
                        individuals who are inadmissible under clause 
                        (ii).
                            ``(v) Notice to custodial parents and 
                        guardians.--In all instances in which an alien 
                        commits an act described in clause (i), the 
                        Secretary of State shall, upon request of the 
                        person granted custody of the child concerned, 
                        inform the person of whether, and when, any 
                        individual who is inadmissible under clause 
                        (ii) by reason of such act has been issued a 
                        visa or otherwise authorized to enter the 
                        United States.
                            ``(vi) Annual report.--The Secretary of 
                        State annually shall submit to the Committee on 
                        International Relations, the Committee on 
                        Government Reform, and the Committee on the 
                        Judiciary of the United States House of 
                        Representatives, and the Committee on Foreign 
                        Relations, the Committee on Governmental 
                        Affairs, and the Committee on the Judiciary of 
                        the United States Senate, a report that 
                        provides, with respect to the preceding year, 
                        an accounting of the number of cases known to 
                        the Secretary of State, disaggregated according 
                        to the nationality of the alien concerned--
                                    ``(I) in which an authority under 
                                this subparagraph was exercised (and 
                                with respect to each such case, the 
                                specific ground for inadmissibility 
                                shall be specified); and
                                    ``(II) in which an authority under 
                                this subparagraph has not been 
                                exercised but in which an alien, after 
                                entry of an order by a court in the 
                                United States granting custody to a 
                                person of a United States citizen 
                                child, detained or retained the child, 
                                or withheld custody of the child, 
                                outside the United States from the 
                                person granted custody by that order.
                            ``(vii) Definitions.--For purposes of this 
                        subparagraph--
                                    ``(I) the term `child' means an 
                                individual who was a child at the time 
                                the individual was detained or 
                                retained, or at the time custody of the 
                                individual was withheld, as described 
                                in clause (i), regardless of the age or 
                                marital status of the individual after 
                                such time; and
                                    ``(II) the term `sibling' includes 
                                a step-sibling or half-sibling.''.

Answer: Amends the Immigration and Nationality Act to prohibit the U.S. admission of aliens supporting international child abductors and relatives of such abductors until the child is surrendered to the legal custodian and such child and custodian are permitted to return to the United States or the custodian's residence. (Currently such prohibition applies to relatives of abductors.) Expands the scope of "relatives" to include cousins, uncles, aunts, nephews, nieces, and grandparents. Includes the spouse of the abducted child within such prohibition.Directs the Secretary of State to: (1) identify inadmissible aliens supporting child abductors and relatives of abductors; and (2) provide notice, upon request, to custodial parents and guardians if such an alien has been authorized to enter the United States.


Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Pre-College Engineering Education 
Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    The Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) According to studies by the National Academy of 
        Engineering, there is a widespread interest in improving 
        science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) 
        education in elementary and secondary schools.
            (2) STEM education is important in part because it can 
        develop student interest and aptitude in subjects directly 
        relevant to the Nation's capacity for research and innovation. 
        This capacity is largely credited with supporting United States 
        economic health, national security, and quality of life.
            (3) STEM education contributes to scientific and 
        technological literacy, important attributes for all citizens.
            (4) Science is the intellectual and practical activity 
        encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behavior 
        of the physical and natural world through observation and 
        experiment.
            (5) Engineering is the application of scientific and 
        mathematical principles to innovate, analyze, design, evaluate, 
        and manufacture machines, processes, and systems.
            (6) The share of engineering education in the Federal STEM 
        education portfolio, according to a survey by the National 
        Science and Technology Council, is only 0.4 percent of the 
        nearly $3,500,000,000 annual expenditures.
            (7) Available evidence suggests that pre-college 
        engineering education can stimulate interest and improve 
        learning in mathematics and science as well as improve 
        understanding of engineering and technology.
            (8) Engineering education is a vital component in attaining 
        licensure as a professional engineer that requires rigorous 
        education, training, experience, and continuing education.
            (9) According to the National Academy of Engineering there 
        is relatively limited experience with engineering education in 
        elementary and secondary schools.
            (10) Some States have included engineering in their science 
        or technology and vocational standards, and many school 
        districts provide informal or after-school engineering 
        education.
            (11) The Next Generation Science Standards developed by a 
        consortium of States, the National Science Teachers 
        Association, the American Association for the Advancement of 
        Science, the National Research Council, and Achieve has 
        identified content and science and engineering practices that 
        all students should learn from kindergarten to high school 
        graduation. States and local districts will have the 
        responsibility for providing more detailed guidance to 
        classroom teachers to help students learn the key ideas in the 
        standards.
            (12) According to the National Academy of Engineering there 
        is not at present a critical mass of teachers qualified to 
        deliver engineering instruction.
            (13) It is imperative that teachers have relevant 
        professional training that coordinates concepts in engineering 
        with the diverse learning styles of students.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation.
            (2) Elementary school.--The term ``elementary school'' has 
        the meaning given that term by section 8101 of the Elementary 
        and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
            (3) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given that 
        term by section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001(a)).
            (4) Local educational agency.--The term ``local educational 
        agency'' has the meaning given that term by section 8101 of the 
        Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        7801).
            (5) Secondary school.--The term ``secondary school'' has 
        the meaning given that term by section 8101 of the Elementary 
        and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
            (6) STEM education.--The term ``STEM education'' has the 
        meaning given that term in section 2 of the STEM Education Act 
        of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 6621 note).

SEC. 4. GRANT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall establish a grant program to 
encourage States and local educational agencies to develop and 
implement sustainable engineering education programs in elementary and 
secondary schools through public-private partnerships to--
            (1) conduct research, review, and analyze the effectiveness 
        of existing formal and informal research-based instructional 
        materials;
            (2) select or develop new research-based instructional 
        materials;
            (3) teach students the overall analytical approach used in 
        engineering to prepare them to deal with complex technical and 
        non-technical problems and issues;
            (4) prepare students who may enter STEM-related careers;
            (5) prepare students who may pursue engineering studies in 
        college;
            (6) increase participation of underrepresented student 
        groups in the engineering pipeline; and
            (7) provide professional development for pre-service and 
        in-service teachers to teach pre-college engineering.
    (b) Eligible Recipients.--Grants under this section shall be 
provided to an institution of higher education, with at least two co-
principal investigators, one from the college of engineering and one 
from the college of education, except that if the institution does not 
have colleges of both engineering and education, faculty from a college 
of education or engineering from another institution in the area of 
jurisdiction of the same local educational agency or the same State may 
participate as a co-principal investigator.
    (c) Consortia.--Public private partnerships shall be established 
for program coordination, consisting of, but not limited to--
            (1) an institution or institutions of higher education 
        described in subsection (b);
            (2) one or more local educational agencies in the same 
        State as the institution or institutions described in paragraph 
        (1), with participation by at least three elementary or 
        secondary schools; and
            (3) one or more private sector or government organizations 
        in the same State that employ one or more engineers.
    (d) Grants.--
            (1) Duration; distribution.--Grants under this section 
        shall be awarded in amounts sufficient to cover a period of 
        four years.
            (2) First 2-year period.--
                    (A) Grant activities.--The first two years of 
                funding provided under a grant shall be used for the 
                selection, development, or both of research-based and 
                evidenced-based--
                            (i) engineering instructional materials 
                        that respond to local needs; and
                            (ii) professional training and 
                        methodologies guidelines for teachers 
                        associated with engineering concepts and 
                        approaches.
                    (B) Nature of materials.--Instructional materials 
                developed pursuant to subparagraph (A)(i) shall--
                            (i) emphasize--
                                    (I) engineering fundamentals and 
                                concepts;
                                    (II) engineering design, 
                                manufacturing, and testing; and
                                    (III) essential skills such as 
                                systems thinking, creativity, teamwork, 
                                communication, and ethical 
                                considerations;
                            (ii) be designed to introduce students to 
                        modern engineering tools such as computer-aided 
                        design, computer-aided manufacturing, 
                        statistical analysis, codes and standards, 
                        human factors, and reliability analysis;
                            (iii) provide information for teachers on 
                        science inquiry activities related to 
                        engineering; and
                            (iv) be aligned with and integrated into 
                        relevant science, engineering, and mathematics 
                        standards that may exist in the State or may be 
                        developed.
            (3) Second 2-year period.--
                    (A) Pilot instructional program.--The third year of 
                funding provided under a grant shall be used for the 
                implementation in one elementary or secondary school of 
                an engineering education program--
                            (i) based on the instructional materials 
                        selected or developed under paragraph (2); and
                            (ii) using engineering students and pre-
                        service teachers from the institution or 
                        institutions described in subsection (b) as 
                        mentors for the elementary or secondary school 
                        students.
                    (B) Expanded instructional program.--The fourth 
                year of funding provided under a grant shall be used 
                for the implementation of the engineering instructional 
                education program in the remaining elementary or 
                secondary schools described in subsection (c)(2), as 
                revised based on evaluation of the third year 
                experience.
    (e) Applications.--
            (1) Required commitments.--An application for a grant under 
        this section shall demonstrate strong long-term commitment for 
        the proposed program from--
                    (A) the institution or institutions described in 
                subsection (b), through--
                            (i) providing laboratory and instructional 
                        space;
                            (ii) establishing ongoing professional 
                        training programs for pre-service and in-
                        service teachers and teachers in-residence; and
                            (iii) collaboration with the local 
                        educational agency or agencies described in 
                        subsection (c)(2), private sector or government 
                        organizations described in subsection (c)(3), 
                        and nonprofit educational enterprises, as 
                        appropriate;
                    (B) the local educational agency described in 
                subsection (c)(2) and the State, including 
                commitments--
                            (i) to provide total funding to the 
                        institution or institutions of higher education 
                        described in subsection (b) or the elementary 
                        or secondary schools described in subsection 
                        (c)(2), or both, collectively with 
                        organizations described in subparagraph (C)(i), 
                        at least as great as that provided by the grant 
                        awarded under this section;
                            (ii) to support continuance or expansion of 
                        the engineering education program after the 
                        expiration of grant funding under this section, 
                        with the goal of offering engineering education 
                        in all elementary and secondary schools under 
                        the jurisdiction of the local educational 
                        agency or agencies; and
                            (iii) for continuing collaboration with the 
                        institution or institutions described in 
                        subsection (b) and private sector or government 
                        organizations described in subsection (c)(3); 
                        and
                    (C) private sector or government organizations 
                through--
                            (i) financial support to the institution or 
                        institutions of higher education described in 
                        subsection (b) or the elementary or secondary 
                        schools described in subsection (c)(2);
                            (ii) participation of personnel in the 
                        development and implementation of the program;
                            (iii) provision of expertise, equipment, 
                        and materials;
                            (iv) provisions of guidance on 
                        instructional materials and needed supplies and 
                        equipment; or
                            (v) other support.
            (2) Selection.--A sufficient number of new grants shall be 
        made in each fiscal year, subject to the availability of 
        appropriations to achieve a measurable impact.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--No additional funds are 
authorized to be appropriated to carry out this Act. This Act shall be 
carried out using amounts otherwise made available for such purposes.

SEC. 5. STUDY.

    Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Director shall enter into an arrangement with the National Academy of 
Engineering for a study to--
            (1) conduct a formal review of the activities under this 
        Act and analyze the extent to which such activities will change 
        the quality, scale, equity, and impact of pre-college 
        engineering education, specifically taking into account how the 
        development of teaching guidelines and instructional materials 
        under this Act could contribute to such change;
            (2) benchmark the results with relevant recent studies 
        conducted by cognizant organizations and the National Academy 
        of Engineering; and
            (3) recommend if revisions to the program established under 
        this Act are needed to establish engineering education in all 
        secondary schools across the United States.

SEC. 6. ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS.

    Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act, and 
annually thereafter, the Director shall provide a report to Congress on 
activities and results under this Act. Such reports shall describe--
            (1) the total number of grant applications received in each 
        year;
            (2) the number and geographic distribution of the grants 
        each year and in total;
            (3) participation of minority-serving institutions of 
        higher education such as historically black colleges and 
        universities and Hispanic-serving institutions;
            (4) participation of underrepresented student groups;
            (5) plans for collaboration among grantees;
            (6) overall program outcomes and issues of concern; and
            (7) recommendations for program revisions to achieve the 
        desired program outcome.

Answer:
Pre-College Engineering Education Act This bill establishes a grant program to encourage, through public-private partnerships,&nbsp;the development and implementation by&nbsp;states and local educational agencies&nbsp;of sustainable engineering education programs in elementary and secondary schools. The National Science Foundation (NSF) shall administer the program. Grantees may use funds to:  research, review, and analyze the effectiveness of existing research-based instructional materials; select or develop new research-based instructional materials; teach students the overall analytical approached used in engineering; prepare students who may pursue engineering studies in college or enter careers related to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics; increase participation of underrepresented student groups in the engineering pipeline; and  provide professional development for teachers to teach pre-college engineering. The NSF shall study and report on program activities and results.