TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Hereditary Disorders Newborn 
Screening Act of 2000''.

SEC. 2. PROGRAM TO IMPROVE THE ABILITY OF STATES TO PROVIDE NEWBORN AND 
              CHILD SCREENING FOR HERITABLE DISORDERS.

    Part A of title XI of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
300b-1 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1108. IMPROVED NEWBORN AND CHILD SCREENING FOR HERITABLE 
              DISORDERS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Administrator 
of the Health Resources and Services Administration, shall award grants 
to eligible entities to enhance, improve or expand the ability of State 
and local public health agencies to provide screening, counseling or 
preventive care services to newborns and children having or at risk for 
heritable disorders.
    ``(b) Use of Funds.--Amounts provided under a grant awarded under 
subsection (a) shall be used to--
            ``(1) establish, expand, or improve systems or programs to 
        provide screening, counseling, testing or specialty services 
        for newborns and children at risk for heritable disorders;
            ``(2) establish, expand, or improve programs or services to 
        reduce mortality or morbidity from heritable disorders;
            ``(3) establish, expand, or improve systems or programs to 
        provide information and counseling on available therapies for 
        newborns and children with heritable disorders;
            ``(4) improve the access of medically underserved 
        populations to screening, counseling, testing and specialty 
        services for newborns and children having or at risk for 
        heritable disorders; or
            ``(5) conduct such other activities as may be necessary to 
        enable newborns and children having or at risk for heritable 
        disorders to receive screening, counseling, testing or 
        specialty services, regardless of income, race, color, 
        religion, sex, national origin, age, or disability.
    ``(c) Eligible Entities.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
subsection (a) an entity shall--
            ``(1) be a State or political subdivision of a State, or a 
        consortium of 2 or more States or political subdivisions of 
        States; and
            ``(2) prepare and submit to the Secretary an application 
        that includes--
                    ``(A) a plan to use amounts awarded under the grant 
                to meet specific health status goals and objectives 
                relative to heritable disorders, including attention to 
                needs of medically underserved populations;
                    ``(B) a plan for the collection of outcome data or 
                other methods of evaluating the degree to which amounts 
                awarded under this grant will be used to achieve the 
                goals and objectives identified under subparagraph (A);
                    ``(C) a plan for monitoring and ensuring the 
                quality of services provided under the grant;
                    ``(D) an assurance that amounts awarded under the 
                grant will be used only to implement the approved plan 
                for the State;
                    ``(E) an assurance that the provision of services 
                under the plan is coordinated with services provided 
                under programs implemented in the State under titles V, 
                XVIII, XIX, XX, or XXI of the Social Security Act 
                (subject to Federal regulations applicable to such 
                programs) so that the coverage of services under such 
                titles is not substantially diminished by the use of 
                granted funds; and
                    ``(F) such other information determined by the 
                Secretary to be necessary.
    ``(d) Limitation.--An eligible entity may not use amounts received 
under this section to--
            ``(1) provide cash payments to or on behalf of affected 
        individuals;
            ``(2) provide inpatient services;
            ``(3) purchase land or make capital improvements to 
        property; or
            ``(4) provide for proprietary research or training.
    ``(e) Voluntary Participation.--The participation by any individual 
in any program or portion thereof established or operated with funds 
received under this section shall be wholly voluntary and shall not be 
a prerequisite to eligibility for or receipt of any other service or 
assistance from, or to participation in, another Federal or State 
program.
    ``(f) Supplement Not Supplant.--Funds appropriated under this 
section shall be used to supplement and not supplant other Federal, 
State, and local public funds provided for activities of the type 
described in this section.
    ``(g) Publication.
            ``(1) In general.--An application submitted under 
        subsection (c)(2) shall be made public by the State in such a 
        manner as to facilitate comment from any person, including 
        through hearings and other methods used to facilitate comments 
        from the public.
            ``(2) Comments.--Comments received by the State after the 
        publication described in paragraph (1) shall be addressed in 
        the application submitted under subsection (c)(2).
    ``(h) Technical Assistance.--The Secretary shall provide to 
entities receiving grants under subsection (a) such technical 
assistance as may be necessary to ensure the quality of programs 
conducted under this section.
    ``(i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section, such sums as may be necessary 
for each of the fiscal years 2001 through 2011.

``SEC. 1109. EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NEWBORN AND CHILD 
              SCREENING PROGRAMS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall award grants to eligible 
entities to provide for the conduct of demonstration programs to 
evaluate the effectiveness of screening, counseling or preventive care 
services in reducing the morbidity and mortality caused by heritable 
disorders in newborns and children.
    ``(b) Demonstration Programs.--A demonstration program conducted 
under a grant under this section shall be designed to evaluate and 
assess, within the jurisdiction of the entity receiving such grant--
            ``(1) the effectiveness of screening, counseling, testing 
        or specialty services for newborns and children at risk for 
        heritable disorders in reducing the morbidity and mortality 
        associated with such disorders;
            ``(2) the effectiveness of screening, counseling, testing 
        or specialty services in accurately and reliably diagnosing 
        heritable disorders in newborns and children; or
            ``(3) the availability of screening, counseling, testing or 
        specialty services for newborns and children at risk for 
        heritable disorders.
    ``(c) Eligible Entities.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
subsection (a) an entity shall be a State or political subdivision of a 
State, or a consortium of 2 or more States or political subdivisions of 
States.

``SEC. 1110. ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON HERITABLE DISORDERS IN NEWBORNS AND 
              CHILDREN.

    ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish an advisory 
committee to be known as the `Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders 
in Newborns and Children' (referred to in this section as the `Advisory 
Committee').
    ``(b) Duties.--The Advisory Committee shall--
            ``(1) provide advice and recommendations to the Secretary 
        concerning grants and projects awarded or funded under section 
        1108;
            ``(2) provide technical information to the Secretary for 
        the development of policies and priorities for the 
        administration of grants under section 1108; and
            ``(3) provide such recommendations, advice or information 
        as may be necessary to enhance, expand or improve the ability 
        of the Secretary to reduce the mortality or morbidity from 
        heritable disorders.
    ``(c) Membership.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall appoint not to 
        exceed 15 members to the Advisory Committee. In appointing such 
        members, the Secretary shall ensure that the total membership 
        of the Advisory Committee is an odd number.
            ``(2) Required members.--The Secretary shall appoint to the 
        Advisory Committee under paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) the Administrator of the Health Resources and 
                Services Administration;
                    ``(B) the Director of the Centers for Disease 
                Control and Prevention;
                    ``(C) the Director of the National Institutes of 
                Health;
                    ``(D) the Director of the Agency for Healthcare 
                Research and Quality;
                    ``(E) medical or scientific professionals with 
                special expertise in heritable disorders, or in 
                providing screening, counseling, testing or specialty 
                services for newborns and children at risk for 
                heritable disorders;
                    ``(F) members of the public having special 
                expertise about or concern with heritable disorders; 
                and
                    ``(G) representatives from such Federal agencies, 
                public health constituencies, and medical professional 
                societies as determined to be necessary by the 
                Secretary, to fulfill the duties of the Advisory 
                Committee, as established under subsection (b).''.

SOLUTION: Directs the Secretary to award grants to eligible entities to provide for the conduct of demonstration programs to evaluate the effectiveness of screening, counseling or preventive care services in reducing the morbidity and mortality caused by heritable disorders in newborns and children.
Direct the Secretary to establish an advisory committee to be known as the Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in Newborns and Children.

PROBLEM: SECTION 1. CLASS SIZE DEMONSTRATION GRANTS.

    Subpart 3 of part D of title V of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
(20 U.S.C. 1109 et seq.) is amended to read as follows:

              ``Subpart 3--Class Size Demonstration Grants

``SEC. 561. PURPOSE.

    ``It is the purpose of this subpart to provide grants to State 
educational agencies to enable such agencies to determine the benefits, 
in various school settings, of reducing class size on the educational 
performance of students and on classroom management and organization.

``SEC. 562. PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.

    ``(a) Program Authorized.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall award grants, on a 
        competitive basis, to State educational agencies to pay the 
        Federal share of the costs of conducting demonstration projects 
        that demonstrate methods of reducing class size that may 
        provide information meaningful to other State educational 
        agencies and local educational agencies.
            ``(2) Federal share.--The Federal share shall be 50 
        percent.
    ``(b) Reservation.--The Secretary may reserve not more than 5 
percent of the amount appropriated under section 565A for each fiscal 
year to carry out the activities described in section 565.
    ``(c) Selection Criteria.--The Secretary shall make grants to State 
educational agencies on the basis of--
            ``(1) the need and the ability of a State educational 
        agency to reduce the class size of an elementary school or 
        secondary school served by such agency;
            ``(2) the ability of a State educational agency to furnish 
        the non-Federal share of the costs of the demonstration project 
        for which assistance is sought;
            ``(3) the ability of a State educational agency to continue 
        the project for which assistance is sought after the 
        termination of Federal financial assistance under this subpart; 
        and
            ``(4) the degree to which a State educational agency 
        demonstrates in the application submitted pursuant to section 
        564 consultation in program implementation and design with 
        parents, teachers, school administrators, and local teacher 
        organizations, where applicable.
    ``(d) Priority.--In awarding grants under this subpart, the 
Secretary shall give priority to demonstration projects that involve 
at-risk students in the earliest grades, including educationally or 
economically disadvantaged students, students with disabilities, and 
limited English proficient students.
    ``(e) Grants Must Supplement Other Funds.--A State educational 
agency shall use the Federal funds received under this subpart to 
supplement and not supplant other Federal, State, and local funds 
available to the State educational agency to carry out the purpose of 
this subpart.

``SEC. 563. PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS.

    ``(a) Annual Competition.--In each fiscal year, the Secretary shall 
announce the factors to be examined in a demonstration project assisted 
under this subpart. Such factors may include--
            ``(1) the magnitude of the reduction in class size to be 
        achieved;
            ``(2) the level of education in which the demonstration 
        projects shall occur;
            ``(3) the form of the instructional strategy to be 
        demonstrated; and
            ``(4) the duration of the project.
    ``(b) Random Techniques and Appropriate Comparison Groups.--
Demonstration projects assisted under this subpart shall be designed to 
utilize randomized techniques or appropriate comparison groups.

``SEC. 564. APPLICATION.

    ``(a) In General.--In order to receive a grant under this subpart, 
a State educational agency shall submit an application to the Secretary 
that is responsive to the announcement described in section 563(a), at 
such time, in such manner, and containing or accompanied by such 
information as the Secretary may reasonably require.
    ``(b) Duration.--The Secretary shall encourage State educational 
agencies to submit applications under this subpart for a period of 5 
years.
    ``(c) Contents.--Each application submitted under subsection (a) 
shall include--
            ``(1) a description of the objectives to be attained with 
        the grant funds and the manner in which the grant funds will be 
        used to reduce class size;
            ``(2) a description of the steps to be taken to achieve 
        target class sizes, including, where applicable, the 
        acquisition of additional teaching personnel and classroom 
        space;
            ``(3) a statement of the methods for the collection of data 
        necessary for the evaluation of the impact of class size 
        reduction programs on student achievement;
            ``(4) an assurance that the State educational agency will 
        pay, from non-Federal sources, the non-Federal share of the 
        costs of the demonstration project for which assistance is 
        sought; and
            ``(5) such additional assurances as the Secretary may 
        reasonably require.
    ``(d) Sufficient Size and Scope Required.--The Secretary shall 
award grants under this subpart only to State educational agencies 
submitting applications which described projects of sufficient size and 
scope to contribute to carrying out the purpose of this subpart.

``SEC. 565. EVALUATION AND DISSEMINATION.

    ``(a) National Evaluation.--The Secretary shall conduct a national 
evaluation of the demonstration projects assisted under this subpart to 
determine the costs incurred in achieving the reduction in class size 
and the effects of the reductions on results, such as student 
performance in the affected subjects or grades, attendance, discipline, 
classroom organization, management, and teacher satisfaction and 
retention.
    ``(b) Cooperation.--Each State educational agency receiving a grant 
under this subpart shall cooperate in the national evaluation described 
in subsection (a) and shall provide such information to the Secretary 
as the Secretary may reasonably require.
    ``(c) Reports.--The Secretary shall report to Congress on the 
results of the evaluation conducted under subsection (a).
    ``(d) Dissemination.--The Secretary shall widely disseminate 
information about the results of the class size demonstration projects 
assisted under this subpart.

``SEC. 565A. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subpart 
$15,000,000 for fiscal year 1999 and each of the 4 succeeding fiscal 
years.''.

SEC. 2. PRIVATE SECTOR FUNDING FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BY NASA 
              RELATING TO AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE.

    The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration may not carry out research and development activities 
relating to the performance of aircraft (including supersonic aircraft 
and subsonic aircraft) unless the Administrator receives payment in 
full for such activities from the private sector.

SOLUTION: Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to establish a competitive Class Size Demonstration Grants program. 
Directs the Secretary of Education to award such grants to State educational agencies (SEAs) to pay half of the costs of conducting projects that demonstrate methods of reducing class size that may provide information meaningful to other SEAs and local educational agencies (LEAs).  Authorizes the Secretary to reserve up to five percent of funds for this Act for each fiscal year to carry out national evaluation and dissemination activities. 
Sets forth program requirements for:  (1) grant selection criteria; (2) priority for projects that involve at-risk students in the earliest grades, including educationally or economically disadvantaged students, students with disabilities, and limited English proficient students; (3) annual competitions; (4) random techniques and appropriate comparison groups; (5) applications; and (6) sufficient size and scope of projects. 
Directs the Secretary to:  (1) conduct, and report to the Congress on, a national evaluation of such projects to determine the costs incurred in achieving the reduction in class size and the effects of the reductions on results; and (2) widely disseminate information about the results of such projects. 
Authorizes appropriations. 
(Sec. 2) Prohibits the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration from carrying out research and development activities relating to the performance of aircraft (including supersonic aircraft and subsonic aircraft) unless the Administrator receives payment in full for such activities from the private sector.

PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Fairness in Health Care Claims, 
Guidance, and Investigations Act''.

SEC. 2. RULES FOR ACTIONS UNDER FALSE CLAIMS PROVISIONS BASED ON CLAIMS 
              SUBMITTED UNDER CERTAIN HEALTH CARE PROGRAMS.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter III of chapter 37 of title 31, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 3734. Rules for certain actions based on health care claims
    ``(a) In General.--In the case of any action that is brought under 
section 3730 and is based on a claim submitted with respect to a 
Federal health care program, sections 3729 through 3733 shall apply 
only to the extent that such sections are consistent with the 
provisions of this section.
    ``(b) Investigations of False Claims to Federal Health Care 
Programs.--
            ``(1) In general.--Before requesting any information from a 
        physician, hospital, or other provider or supplier of health 
        care services, by any formal or informal means, directly or in 
        cooperation with an investigating law enforcement agency, in 
        connection with an investigation reasonably expected to concern 
        10 or more claims submitted to a Federal health care program by 
        or on behalf of a single entity, the Attorney General shall 
        certify, in writing, that--
                    ``(A) each agency responsible for promulgating 
                relevant regulations, guidelines, and billing 
                instructions, directly or through intermediaries, has 
                examined all regulations, guidelines, and billing 
                instructions relevant to the allegations, all 
                communications between the alleged perpetrator and the 
                agency and its intermediaries, and each of the 
                allegedly false claims;
                    ``(B) in the view of the responsible agency 
                officials and the Attorney General, the allegations 
                under investigation are viable, and the relevant 
                regulations, guidelines and billing instructions were 
                unambiguous during the relevant time period; and
                    ``(C) if proven to be true, the allegations are 
                appropriately pursued under section 3729.
            ``(2) If certification not made.--If the Attorney General 
        (or his or her designee) is unable to make the certifications 
        required under paragraph (1), and the allegations were included 
        in an action brought by a person under section 3730(b), the 
        Attorney General shall notify the court and the court shall 
        dismiss these allegations.
    ``(c) Actions if Amount of Damages Are Material Amount.--
Notwithstanding sections 3729 through 3733, no action may be brought 
under section 3730 that is based on a claim submitted or an overpayment 
retained with respect to a Federal health care program unless the 
amount of damages alleged to have been sustained by the United States 
Government with respect to such claim or overpayment is a material 
amount.
    ``(d) Actions for Claims Submitted in Reliance on Official 
Guidance.--Notwithstanding sections 3729 through 3733, no action may be 
brought under section 3730 based on a claim submitted or an overpayment 
retained with respect to a Federal health care program--
            ``(1) in good faith reliance on erroneous information 
        supplied by an agency (or an agent thereof) about matters of 
        fact at issue;
            ``(2) in good faith reliance on written statements of 
        Federal policy that affects the claim or overpayment that were 
        provided by a Federal agency (or an agent thereof); or
            ``(3) in good faith reliance on an audit or review by an 
        agency of the person submitting the claim or on whose behalf 
        the claim was submitted, or of the person retaining the 
        overpayment, in which no findings were made that the claim or 
        overpayment violated the regulations, guidelines, or 
        instructions applicable to the Federal health care program at 
        issue in the claim or overpayment.
    ``(e) Action for Claims Submitted by Persons in Substantial 
Compliance With Model Compliance Plan.--Notwithstanding sections 3729 
through 3733, no action may be brought under section 3730 based on a 
claim submitted by or on behalf of a person, or an overpayment 
retained, with respect to a Federal health care program if the claim is 
submitted, or the overpayment retained, in substantial compliance with 
a model compliance plan issued by the Secretary of Health and Human 
Services with respect to that Federal health care program.
    ``(f) Standard of Proof.--In any action brought under section 3730 
with respect to a claim submitted, or an overpayment retained, with 
respect to a Federal health care program, section 3731(c) shall be 
applied by substituting `clear and convincing evidence' for `a 
preponderance of the evidence'.
    ``(g) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to limit the authority of the Government of the United States 
to recover damages with respect to a claim submitted, or an overpayment 
retained, with respect to a Federal health care program under 
provisions of law other than section 3729.
    ``(h) Definitions; Special Rules.--For purposes of this section--
            ``(1) the term `claim' means a claim as defined in section 
        3729(c);
            ``(2) the term `Federal health care program' means--
                    ``(A) any plan or program that provides health care 
                benefits, whether directly, through insurance, or 
                otherwise, and that is funded directly, in whole or in 
                part, by the United States Government;
                    ``(B) any State health care program, as defined in 
                section 1128(h) of the Social Security Act; or
                    ``(C) any qualifying health plan offered through an 
                Exchange established under, or any other health plan 
                established under, the Patient Protection and 
                Affordable Care Act (Public Law 111-148);
            ``(3) the amount of damages alleged to have been sustained 
        by the United States Government with respect to a claim 
        submitted by (or on behalf of) a person shall be treated as a 
        `material amount' only if such amount exceeds a proportion 
        (specified in regulations promulgated by the Secretary of 
        Health and Human Services in consultation with the Secretary of 
        Defense) of the total of the amounts for which claims were 
        submitted by (or on behalf of) such person--
                    ``(A) to the same Federal health care program, and
                    ``(B) for the same calendar year,
        as the claim upon which an action under section 3730 is based;
            ``(4) in determining whether an amount of damages is a 
        `material amount' under paragraph (3), with respect to a 
        person--
                    ``(A) the amount of damages for more than 1 claim 
                may be aggregated only if the acts or omissions 
                resulting in such damages were part of a pattern of 
                related acts or omissions by such person; and
                    ``(B) if damages for more than 1 claim are 
                aggregated in accordance with subparagraph (A), the 
                proportion referred to in paragraph (3) shall be 
                determined by comparing the amount of such aggregate 
                damages to the total of the amounts for which claims 
                were submitted by (or on behalf of) such person to the 
                same Federal health care program for each of the 
                calendar years for which any claim upon which such 
                aggregate damages were based was submitted;
            ``(5) the term `intermediary' means, with respect to a 
        Federal health care program, a contractor with an agency, a 
        State, or other entity that is engaged in the implementation of 
        that Federal health care program; and
            ``(6) the term `State' means each of the several States, 
        the District of Columbia, and any territory or possession of 
        the United States.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 37 of 
title 31, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the 
following new item:

``3734. Rules for certain actions based on health care claims.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to any action or investigation under sections 3729 through 3733 
of title 31, United States Code, that is pending on, or commenced on or 
after, the date of the enactment of this Act.

SOLUTION:
Fairness in Health Care Claims, Guidance, and Investigations Act - Amends the False Claims Act to set forth special rules for the investigation and prosecution of false claims submitted with respect to a federal health care program (i.e., a health care program funded by the federal government, a state health care program defined by the Social Security Act, or a health plan offered under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act). Requires the Attorney General to certify in writing, prior to requesting any information from a physician, hospital, or other provider or supplier of health care services in connection with an investigation reasonably expected to concern 10 or more claims submitted to a federal health care program by or on behalf of a single entity, that: (1) each agency responsible for promulgating relevant regulations, guidelines, and billing instructions relevant to any allegations of fraud has examined such regulations, guidelines, and instructions, all communications between the alleged perpetrator of the fraud and the agency, and each of the allegedly false claims; (2) the allegations under investigation are viewed as viable based on unambiguous regulations, guidelines, and billing instructions issued during the relevant time period; and (3) if proven to be true, the allegations will be pursued under the False Claims Act.  Prohibits an action against a health care provider or supplier under the False Claims Act: (1) unless the amount of damages alleged to have been sustained by the government is a material amount, (2) if a claim is submitted in good faith reliance on erroneous information or written statements of federal policy provided by a federal agency or in good faith reliance on an audit or review by an agency of the entity submitting the claim or retaining an overpayment, or (3) if a claim is submitted in substantial compliance with a model compliance plan issued by the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS).  Establishes the standard of proof necessary for a civil prosecution of a claim submitted with respect to a federal health care program as clear and convincing evidence (currently, a preponderance of the evidence is required for all other claims).