In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.

Input: Consider Input: Objective: Healthcare providers in emergency departments should wear respirators for infection protection. However, the wearer's vigorous movements during cardiopulmonary resuscitation may affect the protective performance of the respirator. Herein, we aimed to assess the effects of chest compressions (CCs) on the protective performance of respirators. Methods: This crossover study evaluated 30 healthcare providers from 1 emergency department who performed CC with real-time feedback. The first, second, and third groups started with a cup-type, fold-type, and valve-type respirator, respectively, after which the respirators were randomized for each group. The fit factors were measured using a quantitative fit testing device before and during the CC in each experiment. The protection rate was defined as the proportion of respirators achieving a fit factor ≥100. Results: The fold-type respirator had a significantly greater protection rate at baseline (100.0% ± 0.0%) compared to the cup-type (73.6% ± 39.6%, P = .003) and valve-type respirators (87.5% ± 30.3%, P = .012). During the CC, the fit factor values significantly decreased for the cup-type (44.9% ± 42.8%, P < .001) and valve-type respirators (59.5% ± 41.7%, P = .002), but not for the fold-type respirator (93.2% ± 21.7%, P = .095). Conclusions: The protective performances of respirators may be influenced by CC. Healthcare providers should identify the respirator that provides the best fit for their intended tasks. Abbreviations: CC = Chest compression, CPR = Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, MERS = Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, NIOSH = National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

Output: Comparing the protective performances of 3 types of N95 filtering facepiece respirators during chest compressions A randomized simulation study


Input: Consider Input: Cryptosporidiosis is one of the most common zoonosis worldwide, causing intestinal infection to both humans and livestock. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the level of anti-C. parvum IgG antibodies transferred through colostrum from dams to newborn calves impacts the susceptibility to cryptosporidiosis. A number of 50 dams and their healthy newborns were included in the study. Colostrum samples were collected within 12 h after birth and anti-C. parvum IgG antibody levels were determined by single radial immunodiffusion. The health condition of the newborns was daily monitored, and fecal samples were collected at first diarrheic episode of a calf. In all dams, the anti-C. parvum IgG antibody concentration in colostrum varied between 570 and 4070 mg/dl; in dams who gave birth to calves with diarrhea and were C. parvum-positive, the antibody concentration in colostrum varied between 680 and 3680 mg/dl (Table 1 ). The point-biserial correlation showed a negative correlation between the levels of anti-C. parvum antibodies and manifestation of clinical cryptosporidiosis (r=-0.425). Our findings highlight the importance of IgG levels in colostrum received by neonatal calves during their first day of life for prevention of C. parvum infection.

Output: Importance of colostrum IgG antibodies level for prevention of infection with Cryptosporidium parvum in neonatal dairy calves


Input: Consider Input: Introduction: Type-I interferons (IFNs) have been used to treat several types of cancers including follicular lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia. Treatment with type-I IFNs is however associated with significant toxic side effects due to the ubiquitous expression of type-I IFN receptors. Type-III IFNs elicit similar cellular responses as type-I IFNs, but restricted expression of type-III receptors may limit potential side effects of treatment with type-III IFNs. A number of studies are now exploring the use of type-III IFNs, specifically IFN-k3, as anticancer agents. IFN-k4 is a newly discovered type-III IFN that is genetically regulated and produced in a subset of individuals. Previously, we showed that IFN-k4 inhibits proliferation in a hepatoma cell line, however its anticancer potential has not been explored in comparison to other type-III IFNs. Methods: We developed stable human hepatoma (HepG2) and B-cell lymphoma (Raji) cell lines, engineered to express either IFN-k4-GFP or IFN-k3-GFP upon induction by doxycycline. We compared antiproliferative activity of IFN-k3 and IFN-k4 by measuring BRDU incorporation before and after induction of IFN-k expression. We also compared cell viability, apoptosis, and changes in cell cycle between IFN-k3 and IFN-k4 expressing cell lines. RNAseq and pathway analysis were used to explore the antiproliferative effect induced by IFN-k4. We show that IFN-k4 has higher antiproliferative activity compared to IFN-k3 in Raji and HepG2 cell lines and this can be explained by inhibition of the cell cycle. IFN-k4 expressing cell lines showed increased apoptotic cell death compared to IFN-k3 expressing cell lines. We also show that antiproliferative activity of IFN-k4 may be a result of inhibition of the MAPK pathway. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that IFN-k4 has a more potent antiproliferative activity than IFN-k3 in hepatoma and B cell lymphoma cell lines and the anticancer potential of IFN-k4 should be further explored. Introduction: Interleukin-1b (IL-1b) is a potent proinflammatory cytokine that is implicated both in acute and chronic viral infection. Persistent hepatic inflammation is the hallmark of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection wherein it serves as a platform for progressive liver injury and onset of liver cancer. We examined the role of IL-1b role in HCV-induced hepatic inflammation by first assessing the transcriptional profile of chronic HCV patient liver by next-gen sequencing (RNAseq) staged by inflammation and fibrosis score. (microenvironment) role of IRF5 in mammary tumor initiation and progression.


Output: P001 IFN-K4 HAS A POTENT ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY IN B-CELL LYMPHOMA AND HEPATOMA CELL LINES HCV CORE PROTEIN TRIGGERS IL-1B PRODUCTION VIA THE NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME P004 LOSS OF IRF5 INDUCES SPONTANEOUS MAMMARY TUMORIGEN- ESIS P005 PROTEOLYTIC ORIGIN OF THE SOLUBLE HUMAN IL-6R IN VIVO AND A DECISIVE ROLE OF N-GLYCOSYLATION DISTINCT ROLES FOR IRF5 IN MAMMARY EPITHELIAL CELLS AND HOST TUMOR IMMUNITY: LOSS OF IRF5 IN EITHER COMPART- MENT LEADS TO TUMORIGENESIS SEXUALLY DIMORPHIC ROLES OF STAT3 IN PEDIATRIC BRAIN CANCER P008 DISRUPTION OF PD-1/PD-L1 SIGNALING IN 2D VS. 3D COLORECTAL CANCER COCULTURE MODEL REVEALED BY RNAI HIGH THROUGH- PUT SCREEN