In this task, you are given the abstract of a research paper. Your task is to generate a summary of this abstract. Your summary should not be very short, but it's better if it's not more than 30 words.

Ex Input:
Deep neural networks use deeper and broader structures to achieve better performance and consequently, use increasingly more GPU memory as well. However, limited GPU memory restricts many potential designs of neural networks. In this paper, we propose a reinforcement learning based variable swapping and recomputation algorithm to reduce the memory cost, without sacrificing the accuracy of models. Variable swapping can transfer variables between CPU and GPU memory to reduce variables stored in GPU memory. Recomputation can trade time for space by removing some feature maps during forward propagation. Forward functions are executed once again to get the feature maps before reuse. However, how to automatically decide which variables to be swapped or recomputed remains a challenging problem. To address this issue, we propose to use a deep Q-network(DQN) to make plans. By combining variable swapping and recomputation, our results outperform several well-known benchmarks.

Ex Output:
We propose a reinforcement learning based variable swapping and recomputation algorithm to reduce the memory cost.


Ex Input:
Gaussian processes are the leading class of distributions on random functions, but they suffer from well known issues including difficulty scaling and inflexibility with respect to certain shape constraints (such as nonnegativity). Here we propose Deep Random Splines, a flexible class of random functions obtained by transforming Gaussian noise through a deep neural network whose output are the parameters of a spline. Unlike Gaussian processes, Deep Random Splines allow us to readily enforce shape constraints while inheriting the richness and tractability of deep generative models. We also present an observational model for point process data which uses Deep Random Splines to model the intensity function of each point process and apply it to neuroscience data to obtain a low-dimensional representation of spiking activity. Inference is performed via a variational autoencoder that uses a novel recurrent encoder architecture that can handle multiple point processes as input.

Ex Output:
We combine splines with neural networks to obtain a novel distribution over functions and use it to model intensity functions of point processes.


Ex Input:
  Residual and skip connections play an important role in many current
  generative models. Although their theoretical and numerical advantages
  are understood, their role in speech enhancement systems has not been
  investigated so far. When performing spectral speech enhancement,
  residual connections are very similar in nature to spectral subtraction,
  which is the one of the most commonly employed speech enhancement approaches.
   Highway networks, on the other hand, can be seen as a combination of spectral
  masking and spectral subtraction. However, when using deep neural networks, such operations would
  normally happen in a transformed spectral domain, as opposed to traditional speech
  enhancement where all operations are often done directly on the spectrum.
   In this paper, we aim to investigate the role of residual and highway
  connections in deep neural networks for speech enhancement, and verify whether
  or not they operate similarly to their traditional, digital signal processing
  counterparts. We visualize the outputs of such connections, projected back to
  the spectral domain, in models trained for speech denoising, and show that while
  skip connections do not necessarily improve performance with regards to the
  number of parameters, they make speech enhancement models more interpretable.

Ex Output:

We show how using skip connections can make speech enhancement models more interpretable, as it makes them use similar mechanisms that have been explored in the DSP literature.