In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
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Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Broadband Opportunity and 
Affordability Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    The Congress finds the following:
            (1) The adoption of broadband service results in enhanced 
        economic development and public safety for communities across 
        the Nation, improved health care and educational opportunities, 
        and a better quality of life for all Americans.
            (2) Continued progress in the adoption of broadband service 
        is vital to ensuring that the United States remains competitive 
        and continues to create business opportunities and job growth.
            (3) The price of broadband service is a barrier to adoption 
        for low-income households and can be an impediment to full 
        participation in the emerging broadband economy.

SEC. 3. PILOT PROGRAM TO EXPAND LIFELINE PROGRAM TO INCLUDE BROADBAND 
              SERVICE.

    Section 254(j) of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 254(j)) 
is amended to read as follows:
    ``(j) Lifeline Assistance.--
            ``(1) Impact of section on lifeline assistance program.--
        Except as provided in paragraph (2), nothing in this section 
        shall affect the collection, distribution, or administration of 
        the Lifeline program.
            ``(2) Pilot program to expand lifeline program to include 
        broadband service.--As soon as practicable after the date of 
        enactment of the Broadband Opportunity and Affordability Act, 
        the Commission shall implement a 2-year pilot program to expand 
        the Lifeline program to reduce the cost of broadband service 
        for low-income consumers that will--
                    ``(A) apply to such broadband service as the 
                Commission may determine to be appropriate for purposes 
                of the pilot program;
                    ``(B) provide such levels of support as the 
                Commission may determine to be appropriate for such 
                purposes;
                    ``(C) be available to such consumers as the 
                Commission may determine to be appropriate for such 
                purposes under such eligibility criteria as the 
                Commission may determine to be appropriate for such 
                purposes; and
                    ``(D) reimburse broadband service providers for 
                each customer served, subject to prior authorization 
                from the Commission to participate in the pilot 
                program.
            ``(3) Criteria for pilot program.--In developing the pilot 
        program required by paragraph (2), the Commission shall 
        consider--
                    ``(A) whether State matching funds must be provided 
                as a condition of eligibility for low-income households 
                within a State;
                    ``(B) the prevailing market rate for broadband 
                service and the prevailing speed of broadband service 
                adopted by households, using information that the 
                Commission routinely collects or that is publicly 
                available; and
                    ``(C) how to ensure that the program is neutral as 
                to the types of technology used to provide broadband 
                service in order to promote competition from broadband 
                service providers to qualify for participation in the 
                pilot program.
            ``(4) Status report.--After the pilot program has been 
        operational for 18 months, the Commission shall submit a report 
        to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
        Transportation and the House of Representatives Committee on 
        Energy and Commerce on the status of the pilot program.
            ``(5) Lifeline program defined.--In this subsection, the 
        term `Lifeline program' means the service described in section 
        54.401(a) of the Commission's regulations (47 C.F.R. 
        54.401(a)).''.

SEC. 4. EXPANSION OF LINK UP PROGRAM REPORT.

    (a) In General.--Within 180 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Federal Communications Commission shall initiate a notice 
of inquiry with public notice and opportunity for comment, to 
determine--
            (1) whether the Link Up program could be expanded to reduce 
        the cost of initiating broadband service through providing 
        support for computer ownership;
            (2) what equipment would be supported by such an expansion;
            (3) how much support would be available with such an 
        expansion; and
            (4) the eligibility criteria for consumers to qualify for 
        such an expansion.
    (b) Report.--The Commission shall submit a report to the Senate 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the House of 
Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce containing the 
Commission's findings, conclusions, and recommendations from the 
inquiry.
    (c) Link Up Program Defined.--In this section, the term ``Link Up 
program'' means the service described in section 54.411(a) of the 
Commission's regulations (47 U.S.C. 54.411(a)).

Answer: Broadband Opportunity and Affordability Act - Amends the Communications Act of 1934 to require the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to implement a two-year pilot program to expand the Lifeline program to reduce the cost of broadband service for low-income consumers.


Question: SECTION 1. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) The United States must have adequate infrastructure and 
        policies in place under the Department of Homeland Security to 
        protect against potential terrorists attempting to enter the 
        United States along the Southwest Border.
            (2) According to top government officials, several Al Qaeda 
        leaders believe operatives can pay their way into the country 
        through Mexico and also believe illegal entry is more 
        advantageous than legal entry for operational security reasons.
            (3) Official border patrol records reveal a disturbing 
        trend on the southern border indicating a growth in other than 
        Mexicans (OTMs), many from countries of interest, crossing into 
        the United States--between 2003 and 2004 the increase was at 
        least 35 percent.
            (4) Because of budget constraints, the U.S. Immigration and 
        Customs Enforcement Office of Detention and Removal does not 
        have sufficient bed space to detain all illegal immigrants from 
        special interest countries therefore releasing them on personal 
        recognizance.
            (5) The Department of Homeland Security estimates that up 
        to 90 percent of these immigrants do not appear for their 
        immigration hearings.
            (6) The Department of Homeland Security needs more 
        personnel at the borders with the necessary security clearances 
        and equipment to adequately screen and detain immigrants coming 
        to the United States.
            (7) The Secretary of Homeland Security should provide 
        appropriate training for inspectors, and associated support 
        staff, on an ongoing basis to utilize new technologies and to 
        ensure that the proficiency levels of such personnel are 
        acceptable to protect the borders of the United States.

SEC. 2. IMPROVEMENT IN SECURITY CLEARANCE PROCESS ALONG THE UNITED 
              STATES-MEXICO BORDER AND INCREASE IN DETENTION BEDS.

    (a) Improvement in Security Clearance Process.--The Secretary of 
Homeland Security shall--
            (1) expeditiously implement policies ensuring that 
        personnel of the Department of Homeland Security along the 
        United States-Mexico border have the security clearances 
        required to access information necessary to adequately screen 
        immigrants entering the United States at such border, including 
        IDENT and IAFIS databases and databases used by the 
        Department's inspectors in secondary inspections;
            (2) develop the interagency agreements and information 
        technology infrastructure necessary for border agents to 
        adequately screen immigrants entering the United States at such 
        border; and
            (3) explore information sharing programs with countries of 
        interest to adequately screen immigrants entering our borders.
    (b) Increase in Detention Beds.--Subject to the availability of 
appropriations, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall increase by 
the amount necessary the number of detention beds needed to detain all 
immigrants apprehended by U.S. Customs and Border Protection.
    (c) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of the Congress that the 
Office of Detention and Removal Operation should be placed under the 
operational control of the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border 
Protection, since the largest client of such office is the Border 
Patrol.

SEC. 3. STUDY OF PERSONNEL LEVELS.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Homeland Security shall contract 
with an independent entity to undertake a study to determine the 
necessary level and allocation of personnel, including support staff, 
at United States ports of entry and border patrol sectors.
    (b) Items to Be Included.--Such study shall take into account at 
least the following:
            (1) The overall mission of U.S. Customs and Border 
        Protection.
            (2) Threat and vulnerability information pertaining to the 
        Nation's borders and ports of entry
            (3) The impact of new border security programs, policies 
        and technologies, and the level of cross-training received by 
        all staff.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees, as defined in section 2(2) of the Homeland 
Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 101(2)), a report on the study conducted 
under this section.

SEC. 4. ONGOING TRAINING OF BORDER SECURITY PERSONNEL.

    The Secretary of Homeland Security shall provide appropriate 
training for all border security personnel, and associated support 
staff on an ongoing basis to utilize new technologies and to ensure 
that the proficiency levels of such personnel are acceptable to protect 
the borders of the United States.

SEC. 5. PROMPT AND PROPER ENFORCEMENT.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of the Congress that--
            (1) prosecutors and immigration judges are critical for the 
        prompt and proper enforcement of our immigration laws, and are 
        an important part of a comprehensive strategy; and
            (2) an insufficient number of prosecutors and immigration 
        judges currently exists to enforce the immigration laws of the 
        United States.
    (b) Authorization.--There are hereby authorized to be appropriated 
amounts necessary to provide for appropriate staff increases for 
judicial and prosecutorial offices, commensurate with other personnel 
increases directed in this Act.

SEC. 6. REPORT ON DETENTION AND REMOVAL OPERATIONS.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit to 
the appropriate congressional committees (as defined in section 2(2) of 
the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 101(2))) a report on 
detention and removal operations, detailing the amount of additional 
detention space and resources required to detain all persons presenting 
a possible threat to homeland security.
    (b) Information to Be Included.--The report shall include 
information on--
            (1) alternatives to detention, including electronic 
        monitoring, telephone, and voice recognition programs for those 
        on bond, and conducting deportation proceedings prior to 
        prisoners' release from Federal, State, and local prisons; and
            (2) countries to which removal is problematic.

SEC. 7. COMPREHENSIVE BORDER SECURITY STRATEGY.

    The Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the heads 
of all other Federal agencies with border-related functions or with 
facilities or lands on or along the border, shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees (as defined in section 2 of the 
Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 101)) unclassified and 
classified versions of a unified, comprehensive strategy to secure the 
land borders of the United States. Such strategy shall be submitted not 
later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act and 
shall include a description of the actions already taken to implement 
the strategy.

Answer: Requires the Secretary of Homeland Security to: (1) ensure that Department of Homeland Security personnel along the U.S.-Mexico border have the security clearances required to access information to adequately screen entering immigrants; (2) develop the interagency agreements and information technology infrastructure necessary for such screening; (3) explore information sharing programs with countries of interest; and (4) increase by the amount necessary the number of detention beds needed to detain all immigrants apprehended by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP).

Expresses the sense of Congress that the Office of Detention and Removal Operations should be placed under the operational control of the Commissioner of CBP (currently, under U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement).

Requires the Secretary to: (1) contract with an independent entity to study the necessary level and allocation of personnel at U.S. ports of entry and border patrol sectors; (2) provide ongoing training for all border security personnel; and (3) submit a report on detention and removal operations and a unified, comprehensive border security strategy to appropriate congressional committees.

Expresses the sense of Congress that: (1) prosecutors and immigration judges are critical for the prompt and proper enforcement of immigration laws and are an important part of a comprehensive strategy; and (2) there is an insufficient number of prosecutors and immigration judges for immigration enforcement. Authorizes appropriations for staff increases.


Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Conservation Reserve Program Reform 
Act of 1995''.

SEC. 2. EXTENSION OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION ACREAGE RESERVE 
              PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The following provisions of the Food Security Act 
of 1985 are each amended by striking ``1995'' and inserting ``2005'':
            (1) Section 1230(a) (16 U.S.C. 3830(a)).
            (2) Section 1231(a) (16 U.S.C. 3831(a)).
            (3) Section 1231(b)(3) (16 U.S.C. 3831(b)(3)).
            (4) The first sentence of section 1231(d) (16 U.S.C. 
        3831(d)).
            (5) Section 1232(c) (16 U.S.C. 3832(c)).
            (6) Section 1238B(a)(1) (16 U.S.C. 3838b(a)(1)).
            (7) Section 1238B(a)(2) (16 U.S.C. 3838b(a)(2)).
            (8) Section 1238B(a)(11) (16 U.S.C. 3838b(a)(2)).
            (9) Section 1239(a) (16 U.S.C. 3839(a)).
    (b) Wetlands Reserve Program.--Section 1237(c) of such Act (16 
U.S.C. 3837(c)) is amended by striking ``2000'' and inserting ``2005''.

SEC. 3. AUTHORITY TO MODIFY OR EXTEND CONTRACTS.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter B of chapter 1 of subtitle D of title 
XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831-3836) is amended 
by inserting after section 1235A the following:

``SEC. 1235B. CONVERSION OF LAND SUBJECT TO CONTRACT TO OTHER USES.

    ``(a) In General.--Prior to or upon the expiration of a contract 
entered into under this subchapter with respect to environmentally 
sensitive land (as defined by the State conservation review committee 
established under section 1261 in the State in which the land is 
located, or until such committee is formed, the State technical working 
group), the Secretary shall extend the duration of the contract, or 
modify the terms of the contract, in accordance with this section. The 
Secretary shall place a priority on extending or modifying under this 
section contracts entered into under this subchapter in such a way as 
to enable owners and operators to comply with the applicable plan 
referred to in section 1232(a)(1).
    ``(b) Options for Owners and Operators.--The Secretary shall permit 
an owner or operator who has entered into a contract under this 
subchapter that is in effect on the date of the enactment of this 
section--
            ``(1) before the expiration of the contract, to remove land 
        (including partial fields) from enrollment in the conservation 
        reserve established under this subchapter if--
                    ``(A) the land is not highly erodible cropland;
                    ``(B) the Soil Conservation Service has classified 
                the land as class I, II, III(s), III(w), or III(c), and 
                the land is covered by a conservation plan approved by 
                the local conservation district (or, if the land is not 
                within a conservation district, a plan approved by the 
                Secretary) that limits the soil erosion to such land to 
                not more than the soil loss tolerance level referred to 
                in section 1201(a)(7)(A)(ii); or
                    ``(C) the land is replaced by land of the same 
                owner that, according to the local conservation 
                district or the Secretary, is more environmentally 
                sensitive;
            ``(2) before the expiration of the contract, to re-enroll 
        in the reserve for not more than 10 years portions of land 
        enrolled in the reserve if--
                    ``(A) the land will remain planted to permanent 
                cover and devoted to filter strips, field borders, 
                waterways, terraces, wildlife corridors, well-head 
                protection; buffer strips adjacent to rivers, streams, 
                lakes, wetlands, water retention structures, or any 
                other conservation purpose that the Secretary deems 
                appropriate; and
                    ``(B) future production on the re-enrolled land 
                will not contribute to erosion in excess of the soil 
                loss tolerance level referred to in section 
                1201(a)(7)(A)(ii);
            ``(3) before the expiration of the contract, to enter into 
        negotiations with the Secretary to receive reduced annual 
        rental payments in exchange for permission to allow limited 
        uses (as defined by the State conservation review committee 
        established under section 1261 in the State in which the land 
        is located, or until such committee is formed, the State 
        technical working group) on enrolled land, including haying, 
        grazing, seed production, production of bio-mass, timber, or 
        such other uses as the Secretary may deem appropriate; or
            ``(4) upon expiration of the contract, to retain or 
        transfer cropland bases, with respect to crops for which there 
        is a production adjustment program, to other lands, as long as 
        enrolled croplands remain in permanent cover.
    ``(c) Limitation on Annual Rental Payment for Re-Enrolled Land or 
Land Permitted To Be Devoted to Limited Uses.--Annual rental payments 
made under this subchapter with respect to land that is the subject of 
an agreement entered into pursuant to paragraph (2) or (3) of 
subsection (b) shall not exceed an amount equal to 80 percent of the 
annual rental payment made under this subchapter with respect to the 
land for the 12-month period ending on the date the agreement takes 
effect.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 1232(a)(7) of such Act (16 
U.S.C. 3832(a)(7)) is amended by inserting ``except to the extent 
authorized under section 1235B,'' after ``(7)''.
    (c) State Conservation Review Committees.--Subtitle G of title XII 
of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3861-3862) is amended--
            (1) in the subtitle heading, by striking ``TECHNICAL'' and 
        inserting ``CONSERVATION REVIEW'';
            (2) by striking ``technical committee'' each place such 
        term appears and inserting ``conservation review committee''; 
        and
            (3) in section 1261(c)--
                    (A) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows:
            ``(2) the State committee appointed under section 
        8(b)(5)(A) of the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment 
        Act;''; and
                    (B) by amending paragraph (5) to read as follows:
            ``(5) 3 agricultural producers nominated by the State 
        committee referred to in paragraph (2);''.

SEC. 4. DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS.

    (a) Grant Authority.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Agriculture may make 
        grants to producers of agricultural commodities to retain land 
        in the conservation reserve established under subchapter B of 
        chapter 1 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act 
        of 1985, or to enroll land in the reserve, for the purpose of 
        enabling the owner of the land to grow grass or raise legumes 
        (or do both) on such land, in rotation, as approved by the 
        State conservation review committee established under section 
        1261 of such Act in the State in which the land is located or 
        until such committee is formed, the State technical working 
        group.
            (2) Number of sites.--The Secretary may not select more 
        than 3 sites in each State with respect to which grants are to 
        be made under paragraph (1).
    (b) Evaluation.--Not later than 3 years after the first grant is 
made under subsection (a), the Secretary shall evaluate the economic 
and environmental effects of the uses to which grants under subsection 
(a) have been put, and shall submit to the Congress a report that 
contains the findings of the Secretary.
    (c) Limitations on Authorization of Appropriations.--For grants 
under subsection (a), there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
Secretary not more than $500,000 for each of fiscal years 1996, 1997, 
and 1998.

Answer:
Conservation Reserve Program Reform Act of 1995 - Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to extend:  (1) the Environmental Conservation Acreage Reserve Program; and (2) the wetlands reserve program. 
Authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to extend or modify conservation reserve contracts under specified circumstances. 
Authorizes a demonstration grant program to permit grass or legumes to be grown on reserve land.  Authorizes appropriations.