In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

Input: Consider Input: because, as a result, we overrule people v. caudillo (1978) 21 cal.3d 562 ( caudillo), we do not apply the holding retroactively to defendant.

Output: overruling


Input: Consider Input: we therefore hold that diamond ii must be overruled.

Output: overruling


Input: Consider Input: see commonwealth v. dennis, 164 a.3d 503, 512 (pa. super. 2017).


Output: non-overruling