In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question separated with a 
. You have to answer the question based on the context.

Example Input: To discover topics from the collected tweets, we used a topic modeling approach that fuzzy clusters the semantically related words such as assigning “diabetes", “cancer", and “influenza" into a topic that has an overall “disease" theme BIBREF44 , BIBREF45 . Among topic models, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) BIBREF49 is the most popular effective model BIBREF50 , BIBREF19 as studies have shown that LDA is an effective computational linguistics model for discovering topics in a corpus BIBREF51 , BIBREF52 . We used the Mallet implementation of LDA BIBREF49 , BIBREF56 with its default settings to explore opinions in the tweets. 
 Question: How were topics of interest about DDEO identified?
Example Output: using topic modeling model Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA)

Example Input: Thus, for this work, we build upon Hybrid Code Networks (HCN) BIBREF4 since HCNs achieve state-of-the-art performance in a data-efficient way for task-oriented dialogs, and propose AE-HCNs which extend HCNs with an autoencoder (Figure FIGREF8 ).  AE-HCN(-CNN) outperforms HCN on Test-OOD by a large margin about 17(20) points on average while keeping the minimum performance trade-off compared to Test.  
 Question: By how much does their method outperform state-of-the-art OOD detection?
Example Output: AE-HCN outperforms by 17%, AE-HCN-CNN outperforms by 20% on average

Example Input: The graphs in figure 1 show the distances between duplicate and non-duplicate questions using different embedding systems. Large achieved a F1 score of 0.71 for this task without any specific training, simply by choosing a threshold below which all sentence pairs are considered duplicates. In order to test whether these results generalised to our domain, we devised a test that would make use of what little data we had to evaluate. 
 Question: How is the accuracy of the system measured?
Example Output:
F1 score of 0.71 for this task without any specific training, simply by choosing a threshold below which all sentence pairs are considered duplicates distances between duplicate and non-duplicate questions using different embedding systems