Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.
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Question: Organ/space surgical site infections (OSIs) constitute an important postoperative metric. We sought to assess the impact of a previously described air leak test (ALT) on the incidence of OSI following major hepatectomies.', 'A single-institution hepatobiliary database was queried for patients who underwent a major hepatectomy without biliary-enteric anastomosis between January 2009 and June 2015. Demographic, clinicopathologic, and intraoperative data-including application of ALT-were analyzed for associations with postoperative outcomes, including OSI, hospital length of stay (LOS), morbidity and mortality rates, and readmission rates.', 'Three hundred eighteen patients were identified who met inclusion criteria, of whom 210 had an ALT. ALT and non-ALT patients did not differ in most disease and treatment characteristics, except for higher rates of trisegmentectomy among ALT patients (53 vs. 34\xa0%, p\u2009=\u20090.002). ALT patients experienced lower rates of OSI and 90-day morbidity than non-ALT patients (5.2 vs. 13.0\xa0%, p\u2009=\u20090.015 and 24.8 vs. 40.7\xa0%, p\u2009=\u20090.003, respectively). In turn, OSI was the strongest independent predictor of longer LOS (OR\u2009=\u20094.89; 95\xa0% CI, 2.80-6.97) and higher rates of 30- (OR\u2009=\u200932.0; 95\xa0% CI, 10.9-93.8) and 45-day readmissions (OR\u2009=\u200929.4; 95\xa0% CI, 10.2-84.6).

Answer: 0


Question: Total bilirubin (TB) was recently recognized as an endogenous anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant molecule. Uric acid (UA) takes part in cardiovascular diseases by inducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. We assessed the relationship between serum TB levels, serum UA levels, and inflammatory status assessed by neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (N/L) and arterial stiffness and arterial wave reflection in patients with a clinical diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD).', 'We included 145 consecutive patients admitted with stable angina pectoris (SAP) or acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Blood samples were drawn at admission for complete blood count and biochemistry. Non-invasive pulse waveform analysis for the determination of augmentation index (AIx) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements were performed with the commercially available SphygmoCor system.', 'When patients were divided into tertiles of PWV and AIx, median N/L and median serum UA levels were the highest and mean TB levels were the lowest in the third tertile (p<0.001 for all). AIx and PWV were positively associated with serum UA and N/L and negatively associated with serum TB levels (p<0.001 for all). After adjustments for age, gender, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and presence of diabetes, significant correlations persisted for N/L, UA, and TB in ACS patients (p<0.05). In the SAP group, TB was significantly negatively correlated with AIx and PWV, and UA was significantly positively correlated with PWV (p<0.05).

Answer: 1


Question: To investigate the mechanism of platelet function caused by Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), by observing the change of the L-arginine/nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide (L-Arg/NOS/NO) pathway of platelet in rats.', 'LPA (10(-6), 10(-5) and 5x10(-5) mol/L) was administrated in rats and incubated for 30 and 60 minutes. The nitrite production was measured by Greiss assay; NOS activities and L-arginine transportation were detected by isotope tracer method and intracellular [Ca(2+)]i changes by fluorescent probe.', 'LPA increased NO release by 35% and 56%, after incubating for 30 and 60 minutes, respectively. LPA (10(-6), 10(-5)aand 5x10(-5) mol/L) enhanced the NO productions of platelets in a concentration-dependent manner (P<0.01). EC(50) was 17.8 micromol/L, and 95% CI was 13.3-24.2 micromol/L, involved in the physiological concentration of LPA in plasma (P<0.01). Simultaneously, different doses of LPA increased NOS activities and L-arginine uptake in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01). In this study, LPA (50 micromol/L) increased the intracellular free calcium ion concentration ([Ca(2+)]i, P<0.01), after incubating for 30 and 60 minutes. Pre-treated with NOS inhibitor-L-NAME for 20 minutes, LPA obviously enhanced the effects by 20% and 32% respectively (P<0.01). On the contrary, pre-treated with L-arginine (200 micromol/L) for the same times obviously reduced the effects by 14% and 18% respectively (P<0.01).

Answer:
1