instruction:
In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question based on the context. You have to classify the questions into "Extractive", "Abstractive", or "Yes-no" questions. Extractive questions can be answered by concatenating extracts taken from a context into a summary while answering abstractive questions involves paraphrasing the context using novel sentences. Yes-no question is a question whose expected answer is one of two choices, one that affirms the question and one that denies the question. Typically, the choices are either yes or no.
question:
Inspired by the psycholinguistic studies BIBREF5 , BIBREF4 , BIBREF7 proposed a semi-character based RNN (ScRNN) that processes a sentence of words with misspelled characters, predicting the correct words at each step. Let $s = \lbrace w_1, w_2, \dots , w_n\rbrace $ denote the input sentence, a sequence of constituent words $w_i$ . Each input word ( $w_i$ ) is represented by concatenating (i) a one hot vector of the first character ( $\mathbf {w_{i1}}$ ); (ii) a one hot representation of the last character ( $\mathbf {w_{il}}$ , where $l$ is the length of word $w_i$ ); and (iii) a bag of characters representation of the internal characters ( $\sum _{j=2}^{l-1}\mathbf {w_{ij}})$ . ScRNN treats the first and the last characters individually, and is agnostic to the ordering of the internal characters. Each word, represented accordingly, is then fed into a BiLSTM cell. At each sequence step, the training target is the correct corresponding word (output dimension equal to vocabulary size), and the model is optimized with cross-entropy loss. 
 Question: What is a semicharacter architecture?
answer:
Abstractive


question:
Results reveal that, contrary to the common belief, correlations between Rouge and the Pyramid scores are weak, which challenges its effectiveness for scientific summarization. Furthermore, we show a large variance of correlations between different Rouge variants and the manual evaluations which further makes the reliability of Rouge for evaluating scientific summaries less clear. 
 Question: What is the common belief that this paper refutes? (c.f. 'contrary to the common belief, ROUGE is not much [sic] reliable'
answer:
Extractive


question:
We define a metric called the Semantic Text Exchange Score (STES) that evaluates the overall ability of a model to perform STE, and an adjustable parameter masking (replacement) rate threshold (MRT/RRT) that can be used to control the amount of semantic change. 
 Question: Has STES been previously used in the literature to evaluate similar tasks?
answer:

Yes-no