TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: In 2007, this city began a controversial underground rail project called the Crossrail. In 2009, its mayor, Boris Johnson, saved a woman from a mugging while biking to work. In 2005, this city was rocked by a series of coordinated terrorist attacks on July 7. This city is in the process of constructing an Aquatics Centre, a Velopark (VELL-oh-park), and a Handball Arena as it is hosting the 2012 Summer Olympics. For 10 points, name this capital of the United Kingdom.

SOLUTION: Fine Arts

PROBLEM: This reaction is combined with an aldol condensation to produce cyclohexenones in a process named for Robinson, and a variation of this uses silyl ethers and titanium tetrachloride, in a reaction named also for Mukaiyama. In a process analogous to this reaction, performed with simple ketones, the equilbrium is shifted towards the reagents, unlike in the Claisen and aldol condensations, necessitating the use of an enolate in conjugate addition to produce the 1,4-addition. For 10 points, what is this reaction named for an American chemist, which consists of the addition of a carbanion to an alpha, beta unsaturated carbonyl

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: His lost works include On the Calendar, On Sphere Making, and Catoptrica, a book on optics. His extant works include Quadrature of the Parabola, which gives a formula for calculating the area of parabola segments; The Sand-Reckoner, which includes a system for expressing really big numbers; and On Spirals, which features the spiral now named for him. FTP, identify this Greek mathematician, whose other works include The Method, On Floating Bodies, and Measurement of the Circle, which gave pi its first exact value, who was killed in 212 B.C. during the capture of Syracuse when he was drawing a figure in the sand.

SOLUTION:
History