Given a paragraph, generate a claim that is supported by the given paragraph. 1) The claim must contain information from within the paragraph. 2) A sentence within the paragraph can be used as a claim. 3) The claim should not have contradictions within the paragraph. 4) The claim should be at most one sentence long.

Q: "The story deal with cost very early in the story: ""You have one kind of operation that could cost $20,000 and another that could cost $80,000 and there’s not good evidence the expensive one is being used appropriately in the majority of cases""… Add to that the expense for patients whose problems after surgery send them back to the hospital or to a nursing home and ""that’s not a trivial amount of money"" for Medicare… The cost to Medicare, just for the hospital charges for the three types of back surgery reviewed is about $1.65 billion a year, according to the researchers. The story clearly stated, ""The study didn’t address how successful the various types of surgeries were at relieving pain."" Good job using absolute risk data: Nice job emphasizing what’s known and what’s not known. Excerpts:"

A: Study: Riskier surgeries for back pain raise costs
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Q: After hearing about a few more episodes Breckenridge had, Berger suggested she get a gate for the top of the stairs, in case Breckenridge were to fall. She then asked Breckenridge if she had set up Alexa, the virtual assistant developed by Amazon, which she had. They then discussed different exercises they had gone over in the past. Berger asked the patient about her arm mobility — asking her to lift her arm — and stability, prompting her to stand up without holding on to anything. After about a 30-minute session, they said their goodbyes and logged off their computers. Berger, a physical therapist, certified dementia specialist and owner of Rehab Smarter, conducted the entire session online. Rehab Smarter is a local telehealth business that provides comprehensive rehabilitation services to patients over the internet. “This has been a saving grace for me,” Breckenridge said. “It’s not because I don’t want to go to the doctor’s office. It’s because I can’t get to them. If I could, I would be there.” The Brunswick resident turned to telehealth services due to her decreased mobility. She is, for the most part, homebound due to having multiple seizures a day. While she has online sessions with doctors, they still recommend that she come into the office at times to run certain tests and other functions that physicians are not yet capable of completing online. She works with Berger through online sessions about twice a week. Working with her is “completely the same” as if she were sitting with Berger face to-face. “Just because you’re stuck at home doesn’t mean that you can’t get the help that you need,” she said. “People just need to find the help that they need, and sometimes it’s on the internet.” Berger started Rehab Smarter about 18 months ago. She conducts sessions with her patients through an online portal where she can email with them directly, upload videos and add notes for their benefit. Everything is Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, or HIPAA, compliant. She typically doesn’t do a face-to-face assessment with the patient, but she has gone in-home to see the setup and suggested any modifications to help the patient with mobility. She may also do an initial assessment and meet with the caregiver, if there is one, and ask what the patient’s goals are. “Most of what clinicians do is educate and teach the client how to take care of themselves,” she said. She demonstrates different exercises with her patients online and, with her expertise, can detect muscle strength and functionality by just observing them perform simple tasks. “You can test cognition over the internet, you can test sensation,” she said. “You can’t listen to the heart without special equipment, but that exists.” Her average client has COPD, heart failure, diabetes, kidney disease, arthritis, high blood pressure and other conditions, all at once. They turn to telehealth because it’s difficult for them to get out of the home and go to a doctor’s office, although they sometimes do so. “It’s not really home care,” she said. “It’s not really outpatient. It’s a platform for clients that either have maxed out their benefits through traditional means or have prevention and wellness issues that will not be covered. It’s another opportunity for people.” Telehealth can be beneficial to the healthcare provider as well. When Berger provides home care through a company she works for, she can see up to six clients a day and then has hours of paperwork to complete, for insurance purposes. Through virtual care, she can see up to 12 patients with minimal paperwork. Her telehealth service is not covered under insurance, which cuts out a lot of the paperwork. A session can range from $80 to $200. With telehealth, a patient is not limited to one doctor. If Berger finds that a patient needs care in an area in which she’s not an expert, she can consult with a doctor across the country to get the patient the care they need. “So you can now get care by anybody who’s appropriate, wherever you are, at least to a point that you could not have gotten before,” she said. But even with the internet playing such a vital role in the future of medicine, there are still many limitations to telehealth. “You can’t touch a patient,” Berger said. “If you have an abdominal problem and your physician is palpitating your stomach to feel for tension and different things, you can’t do that (over the internet). Blood tests and physical surgeries also can’t be done, at this point in time at least.” Frederick Memorial Hospital is also making headway in telehealth services. The Chronic Care Management Program gives patients tablets, blood pressure monitors, a pulse oximeter and a scale to detect their vitals in the comfort of their own home. They consult with a nurse on the team once a week by phone. By the end of the summer, they plan to have video conferencing, according to Lisa Hogan, a nurse at FMH and the team lead for both the Chronic Care Management and telemonitoring programs. The program took off in 2017 and started with 30 monitors for in-home patients. Today it has 203 in the community. Up to 200 more monitors will be added in 2020. There is already a waiting list to be a part of the program. This past winter, the hospital also launched a separate Virtual Visit Program through Monocacy Health Partners, the hospital’s own physician group. The program is for employees and primary care patients of MHP, according to Alex Nason, director of IT innovation at FMH. Through a series of questions, primary care providers can assess ailments such as upper respiratory infections, flu, cold, rash and pink eye. Although physicians can make diagnoses and write prescriptions after conducting a telehealth session, about 20 percent of the time the provider decides that they would like to see the patient in person. Through these efforts, FMH saw an 84 percent reduction in readmission rates and a 56 percent reduction in emergency room visits in 2018, according to Hogan. “Telehealth as technology has become easier to use, less expensive and more accepted. And the clinical validation is there as more and more parts of health care are embracing it,” Nason said. “I think as the technology advances, the research continues to accrue validation and the economics of healthcare continue to evolve, we’re seeing more and more movement, acceptance and options of telehealth because the stars are starting to align.” ___ Information from: The Frederick (Md.) News-Post, http://www.fredericknewspost.com

A: Telehealth rises as medium increases in validity.
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Q: The Internet humor piece variously entitled “The L.A. Math Proficiency Test” or “The City of Los Angeles High School Math Proficiency Exam” has been part of online lore since at least 1993, and some of our readers recall having seen photocopied versions of it as far back as the mid-1980s:   Name:__________________________ Gang:__________________________ 1. Johnny has an AK-47 with an 80-round clip. If he misses 6 out of 10 shots and shoots 13 times at each drive-by shooting, how many drive-by shootings can he attempt before he has to reload? 2. Jose has 2 ounces of cocaine and he sells an 8-ball to Jackson for $320 and 2 grams to Billy for $85 per gram. What is the street value of the balance of the cocaine if he doesn’t cut it? 3. Rufus is pimping for three girls. If the price is $65 for each trick, how many tricks will each girl have to turn so Rufus can pay for his $800-per-day crack habit? 4. Jarone want to cut his 1/2 pound of heroin to make 20% more profit. How many ounces of cut will he need? 5. Willie gets $200 for stealing a BMW, $50 for a Chevy, and $100 for a 4X4. If he has stolen 2 BMWs, 3 4X4s, how many Chevies will he have to steal to make $800? 6. Raoul is in prison for 6 years for murder. He got $10,000 for the hit. If his common law wife is spending $100 per month, how much money will be left when he gets out of prison and how many years will he get for killing the bitch that spent his money? 7. If the average spray can covers 22 square feet and the average letter is 3 square feet, how many letters can a tagger spray with 3 cans of paint? 8. Hector knocked up 6 girls in his gang. There are 27 girls in the gang. What percentage of the girls in the gang has Hector knocked up? 9. Thelma can cook dinner for her 16 children for $7.50 per night. She gets $234 a month welfare for each child. If her $325 per month rent goes up 15%, how many more children should she have to keep up with her expenses? 10. Salvador was arrested for dealing crack and his bail was set at $25,000. If he pays a bail bondsman 12% and returns to Mexico, how much money will he lose by jumping bail? Over time the “exam” has gone through some changes, notably the inclusion of questions 9 and 10 (which were not part of the earlier versions). Its humor is obvious: it simultaneously deplores the state of education in large urban centers and furthers the myth that teens from such regions are thoroughly steeped in a drugs, guns, gangs, and promiscuity culture by asserting that even the math questions directed towards them have to be framed in that context to be relevant to their lives. None of the Norman Rockwellian “Johnny has three apples; if he sells two to Ben, then Becky gives him five, how many does he now have?” innocence appears here — even the test’s header furthers the jape by asking for the student’s name and gang affiliation, presenting the casual presumption that all the high schoolers being given the test are gang members. Obvious humor or not, the “test” has landed a number of educators into trouble over the years. The Canadian National Post reported that a teacher at the Juniper School in Thompson, Manitoba, was suspended from her duties in June 2002 for distributing this test to students:  A Manitoba school district has barred a Grade 8 instructor from classroom teaching for a year after she distributed a math quiz that used pimps and cocaine trafficking to illustrate questions of arithmetic. The 10-question quiz asked how much Willie would make for stealing a number of luxury cars, the distance a thief could travel on a stolen skateboard before he gets “whacked,” and how many “tricks” a day three prostitutes must turn to support their pimp Rufus’s cocaine habit. The School District of Mystery Lake in Thompson, Man., suspended the veteran Juniper School teacher on June 5, two days after irate parents brought the “joke” test to the district’s attention. This week the district disciplined her further by assigning her to non-classroom teaching until June, 2003. The teacher has not been identified. “I don’t know where she got the idea to give this to kids. We were outraged,” one student’s father, who asked not to be identified, told The Winnipeg Sun. The father saw the “Juniper School Math Proficiency Exam” after his young son brought his copy home from school. (Diana Hiscock, general manager of the Thompson Citizen, said that the controversial quiz wasn’t given out as an official school assignment or test: “The teacher gave it to a few of her grade 8 students to read as a fun thing. They took it home, and one of the parents saw it and complained to the school board.”) In 2007, Will Klundt, a teacher at Moriarty High School in Moriarty, New Mexico, incorporated the following question into the final exam he administered to his fall semester algebra freshman class:  Smoky J. sells meth. Smoky’s source says he has to sell a G’s worth of meth by the end of the month. If Smoky sold $240 the first week and $532 the second week, how much money must Smoky make if he wants to avoid the beat down from his connection? Wayne Marshall, the school’s principal, declined to discuss whether any disciplinary action would be taken against the teacher. In 2008, a Barrie, Ontario, police officer was suspended from duty for forwarding a version of the “L.A. Math Test” to other officers via e-mail:  A Barrie police inspector in charge of professional standards has been relieved of his duties after sending an e-mail containing racially inappropriate material to fellow officers. James Farrell, a 30-year police veteran, admitted to forwarding the inappropriate message to officers under his command. The offensive e-mail with the subject line “Afrocentric MATH for Toronto’s new black only school” was initially addressed to three officers and the entire street crime unit. It was then forwarded and passed along within the organization eventually coming to light when an officer contacted The Toronto Star. The message resembles a school math test with 10 “problems” based on firearms use, drug deals, pimping, theft and other criminal offences. In 2016, an Alabama teacher on the verge of retirement was put on leave after she reportedly gave the test to a middle school math class:  On the eve of retiring from her long career as an educator at Burns Middle School in Mobile, Ala., a teacher gave a math test that students and parents say had racist overtones and references to inappropriate subject matter. Questions included: Tyrone knocked up 4 girls in the gang. There are 20 girls in his gang. What is the exact percentage of girls Tyrone knocked up? Those named in these later examples are far from the first persons to have been disciplined for distributing the “L.A. Math Test.”  In 1997, six teachers at the Elsie Robertson High School in  Lancaster, Texas, and another at the Norte Vista High School in Riverside, California, were suspended for doing the same thing. Likewise, in 1994, a Chicago elementary school teacher who gave a similar test was suspended for thirty days without pay and then resigned. Also in 1994, an Indiana high school teacher who gave the test apologized but was suspended anyway. And in 1993, a similar test was printed on phony school letterhead and passed around at workplaces in Redwood City, California.

A:
Teachers have gotten into trouble over using 'The L.A. Math Test,' a piece of online humor, in the classroom.
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