In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.
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Question: Context: The Guatemalan potato tuber moth, Tecia solanivora, has been the most important pest species in Hispanico-American potato fields since its first record on potatoes in 1956 in Guatemala. This insect pest has been spreading to other parts of the world, including the Canary Islands in Europe. Tuber moth control relies heavily on the use of insecticides, including pyrethroids. Here, we assessed the likelihood of control failures and performed concentration-response bioassays in five Colombian strains of T. solanivora to evaluate their susceptibilities to the pyrethroid permethrin.', 'Evidence of control failures was observed in four strains tested, which exhibited moderate resistance levels (i.e. ranging from 5.4- to 24.4-fold). However, no spatial dependence was observed between the permethrin LC\Question: Is pyrethroid resistance associated with a kdr-type mutation ( L1014F ) in the potato tuber moth Tecia solanivora?

Answer: This is the first identification of a target-site-alteration-based resistance in the Guatemalan potato tuber moth T. solanivora, which is widespread and exhibits high frequencies among geographically distant strains, indicating that pyrethroids are probably becoming ineffective for the control of this pest species. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.


Question: Context: We sought to determine whether outcomes of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) vary according to CTO target vessel: left anterior descending artery (LAD), left circumflex artery (LCX), and right coronary artery (RCA).', 'We evaluated the clinical and angiographic characteristics and procedural outcomes of 636 patients who underwent CTO PCI at 6 high-volume centres in the United States between January 2012 and March 2014.', 'The CTO target vessel was the RCA in 387 cases (61%), LAD in 132 (21%), and LCX in 117 (18%). LCX lesions were more tortuous and RCA lesions had greater occlusion length and Japanese Chronic Total Occlusion (J-CTO) score, but were less likely to have a side branch at the proximal cap and had more developed collateral circulation. The rate of procedural success was lower in LCX CTOs (84.6%), followed by RCA (91.7%), and LAD (94.7%) CTOs (P = 0.016). Major complications tended to occur more frequently in LCX PCI (4.3% vs 1.0% for RCA vs 2.3% for LAD; P = 0.07). LCX and RCA CTO PCI required longer fluoroscopy times (45 [interquartile range (IQR), 30-74] minutes vs 45 [IQR, 21-69] minutes for RCA vs 34 [IQR, 20-60] minutes for LAD; P = 0.018) and LCX CTOs required more contrast administration (280 [IQR, 210-370] mL vs 250 [IQR, 184-350] mL for RCA and 280 [IQR, 200-400] mL for LAD).\Question: Is percutaneous intervention of circumflex chronic total occlusions associated with worse procedural outcomes : insights from a Multicentre US Registry?

Answer: In a contemporary, multicentre CTO PCI registry, LCX was the least common target vessel. Compared with LAD and RCA, PCI of LCX CTOs was associated with a lower rate of procedural success, less efficiency, and a nonsignificant trend for higher rates of complications.


Question: Context: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy is caused by mutations in the NOTCH3 gene and is clinically characterized by recurrent stroke and cognitive decline. Previous studies have shown an association between white matter hyperintensities on brain MRI and cognitive dysfunction in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy. In the general population the presence of lacunar infarcts and microbleeds is also associated with cognitive dysfunction. The objective of this study was to determine to what extent lacunar infarcts and microbleeds on MRI contribute to cognitive decline in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy.', 'NOTCH3 mutation analysis was performed in 62 symptomatic and asymptomatic members of 15 cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy families. Neuropsychological tests were performed on the same day as the MRI examination. MRI was semi-quantitatively scored for white matter hyperintensities, infarct lesion load, and microbleeds. Regression analysis was performed to test the association between MRI abnormalities and neuropsychological test results.', 'Forty individuals had a NOTCH3 mutation and 22 did not. Severity of cognitive dysfunction in mutation carriers was independently associated with MRI infarct lesion load (P<0.05). In contrast, WMH lesion load and microbleeds were not associated with cognitive dysfunction after correcting for age.\Question: Are lacunar infarcts the main correlate with cognitive dysfunction in CADASIL?

Answer:
Lacunar infarct lesion load is the most important MRI parameter associated with cognitive dysfunction in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy.