Given a disfluent sentence, modify the sentence to it to its equivalent fluent form, preserving the meaning of the sentence.

The U of C has ties to several dependent schools or no make that institutions, including?
The U of C has ties to several dependent institutions, including?

What year sorry what book was Iqbal's eight English lectures published as?
 What book was Iqbal's eight English lectures published as?

What is an example of a chemical barrier no scratch that and tell me what is the last line of defense against infection?

What is the last line of defense against infection?