Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Example Input: Context: Lynch syndrome is caused by germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes leading to microsatellite instability (MSI) and colorectal cancer. Mesalazine, commonly used for the treatment of UC, reduces MSI in vitro. Here, we tested natural compounds for such activity and applied mesalazine and thymoquinone in a Msh2(loxP/loxP) Villin-Cre mouse model for Lynch syndrome.', 'Flow cytometry was used for quantitation of mutation rates at a CA13 microsatellite in human colon cancer (HCT116) cells that had been stably transfected with pIREShyg2-enhanced green fluorescent protein/CA13, a reporter for frameshift mutations. Mice were treated for 43\u2005weeks with mesalazine, thymoquinone or control chow. Intestines were analysed for tumour incidence, tumour multiplicity and size. MSI testing was performed from microdissected normal intestinal or tumour tissue, compared with mouse tails and quantified by the number of mutations per marker (NMPM).', 'Besides mesalazine, thymoquinone significantly improved replication fidelity at 1.25 and 2.5\u2005µM in HCT116 cells. In Msh2(loxP/loxP) Villin-Cre mice, tumour incidence was reduced by mesalazine from 94% to 69% (p=0.04) and to 56% (p=0.003) by thymoquinone. The mean number of tumours was reduced from 3.1 to 1.4 by mesalazine (p=0.004) and to 1.1 by thymoquinone (p<0.001). Interestingly, MSI was reduced in normal intestinal tissue from 1.5 to 1.2 NMPM (p=0.006) and to 1.1 NMPM (p=0.01) by mesalazine and thymoquinone, respectively. Thymoquinone, but not mesalazine, reduced MSI in tumours.
Answer: Mesalazine and thymoquinone reduce tumour incidence and multiplicity in Msh2(loxP/loxP) Villin-Cre mice by reduction of MSI independent of a functional mismatch repair system. Both substances are candidate compounds for chemoprevention in Lynch syndrome mutation carriers.
Example Output: Do mesalazine and thymoquinone attenuate intestinal tumour development in Msh2 ( loxP/loxP ) Villin-Cre mice?

Example Input: Context: To simultaneously study the effect of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor and that of a classic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) on the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in the cartilage of patients with severe knee osteoarthritis (OA) and in cultured human OA chondrocytes.', 'A 3-month clinical trial was carried out on 30 patients with severe knee OA scheduled for knee replacement surgery. Patients were randomized into two groups: patients treated with celecoxib (CBX) and patients treated with aceclofenac (ACF). OA patients who did not want to be treated served as the control group. After surgery, cartilage was processed for molecular biology studies. We also employed cultured chondrocytes from different OA patients to examine NSAID effects on pro-inflammatory gene expression in cells stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1beta.', 'Both CBX and ACF inhibited COX-2, microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) synthesis in the articular cartilage of OA patients. In cultured chondrocytes, both NSAID decreased COX-2 and mPGES-1 synthesis and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release induced by IL-1beta, while no effect was observed on nitric oxide or iNOS synthesis. In OA patients, only CBX decreased tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-1beta expression in the cartilage, while both NSAID diminished IL-1beta induced cytokine synthesis in cultured OA chondrocytes.
Answer: Both NSAID diminished PGE2 release and induced a decrease in COX-2 and mPGES-1 synthesis in the cartilage from OA patients and in OA chondrocytes. These data suggest that prolonged therapy with PGE2 blocking agents decreases PGE2 production not only by direct inhibition of COX-2 activity, but also by down-regulating COX-2 and mPGES-1 synthesis in the cartilage. However, CBX and ACF seem to have a different anti-inflammatory profile in controlling pro-inflammatory gene expression in the cartilage.
Example Output: Does long-term NSAID treatment directly decrease COX-2 and mPGES-1 production in the articular cartilage of patients with osteoarthritis?

Example Input: Context: Early presentation of congenitally deaf children for cochlear implantation is leading to surgery in younger candidates. The safety of cochlear implantation in children aged 12 months and younger is reviewed with radiologic assessment of mastoid bone anatomy and surgical outcome data.', 'Analysis of case records and temporal bone computed tomography (CT) scans with description of surgical technique in infants.', 'Chart analysis of children aged 12 months or younger at cochlear implantation. Mastoid bone anatomy was compared with older children (mean age 2 years) using CT scans.', 'Twenty-five infants received implants at 7 to 12 months of age because of meningitis (n = 4) or early detection of deafness (n = 21). Mastoid marrow content on CT scan was significantly greater in this age group (P < .001 Mann-Whitney rank sum test), but pneumatization was always adequate for safe identification of surgical landmarks. The smaller size of the mastoid bone was not restrictive. An extended postauricular approach was used in the first 11 cases and a 2.5 cm hair-line incision in the remainder. Ligature tie-down of the device was completed in all cases. No complications occurred. All are full-time implant users, except one with other neurologic sequelae of preoperative meningitis.
Answer: In our experience, cochlear implant surgery is safe in children aged 7 to 12 months with appropriate anesthetic and postoperative support. The small incision technique is particularly suited to this age group. Ligature fixation of the device is considered advisable because of the increased risk of displacement from frequent falls when learning to walk.
Example Output:
Do cochlear implant surgery at 12 months of age or younger?