In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

[EX Q]: SECTION 1. AMENDMENT TO MAKE CHAPTER 12 OF TITLE 11, UNITED STATES 
              CODE, PERMANENT.

    (a) Reenactment.--Chapter 12 of title 11, United States Code, as 
reenacted by section 149 of division C of the Omnibus Consolidated and 
Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999 (Public Law 105-277), 
and amended by this Act, is reenacted.
    (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect on April 1, 
1999.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--Section 302 of the Bankruptcy, Judges, 
United States Trustees, and Family Farmer Bankruptcy Act of 1986 (28 
U.S.C. 581 note) is amended by striking subsection (f).

SEC. 2. FAMILY FISHERMEN.

    (a) Definitions.--Section 101 of title 11, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) by inserting after paragraph (7) the following:
            ``(7A) `commercial fishing operation' includes--
                    ``(A) the catching or harvesting of fish, shrimp, 
                lobsters, urchins, seaweed, shellfish, or other aquatic 
                species or products; and
                    ``(B) aquaculture activities consisting of raising 
                for market any species or product described in 
                subparagraph (A);'';
            ``(7B) `commercial fishing vessel' means a vessel used by a 
        fisherman to carry out a commercial fishing operation;'';
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (19) the following:
            ``(19A) `family fisherman' means--
                    ``(A) an individual or individual and spouse 
                engaged in a commercial fishing operation--
                            ``(i) whose aggregate debts do not exceed 
                        $1,500,000 and not less than 80 percent of 
                        whose aggregate noncontingent, liquidated debts 
                        (excluding a debt for the principal residence 
                        of such individual or such individual and 
                        spouse, unless such debt arises out of a 
                        commercial fishing operation), on the date the 
                        case is filed, arise out of a commercial 
                        fishing operation owned or operated by such 
                        individual or such individual and spouse; and
                            ``(ii) who receive from such commercial 
                        fishing operation more than 50 percent of such 
                        individual's or such individual's and spouse's 
                        gross income for the taxable year preceding the 
                        taxable year in which the case concerning such 
                        individual or such individual and spouse was 
                        filed; or
                    ``(B) a corporation or partnership--
                            ``(i) in which more than 50 percent of the 
                        outstanding stock or equity is held by--
                                    ``(I) 1 family that conducts the 
                                commercial fishing operation; or
                                    ``(II) 1 family and the relatives 
                                of the members of such family, and such 
                                family or such relatives conduct the 
                                commercial fishing operation; and
                            ``(ii)(I) more than 80 percent of the value 
                        of its assets consists of assets related to the 
                        commercial fishing operation;
                            ``(II) its aggregate debts do not exceed 
                        $1,500,000 and not less than 80 percent of its 
                        aggregate noncontingent, liquidated debts 
                        (excluding a debt for 1 dwelling which is owned 
                        by such corporation or partnership and which a 
                        shareholder or partner maintains as a principal 
                        residence, unless such debt arises out of a 
                        commercial fishing operation), on the date the 
                        case is filed, arise out of a commercial 
                        fishing operation owned or operated by such 
                        corporation or such partnership; and
                            ``(III) if such corporation issues stock, 
                        such stock is not publicly traded;''; and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (19A) the following:
            ``(19B) `family fisherman with regular annual income' means 
        a family fisherman whose annual income is sufficiently stable 
        and regular to enable such family fisherman to make payments 
        under a plan under chapter 12 of this title;''.
    (b) Who May Be a Debtor.--Section 109(f) of title 11, United States 
Code, is amended by inserting ``or family fisherman'' after ``family 
farmer''.
    (c)  Chapter 12.--Chapter 12 of title 11, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in the chapter heading, by inserting ``OR FISHERMAN'' 
        after ``FAMILY FARMER'';
            (2) in section 1201, by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, for purposes 
of this subsection, a guarantor of a claim of a creditor under this 
section shall be treated in the same manner as a creditor with respect 
to the operation of a stay under this section.
    ``(2) For purposes of a claim that arises from the ownership or 
operation of a commercial fishing operation, a co-maker of a loan made 
by a creditor under this section shall be treated in the same manner as 
a creditor with respect to the operation of a stay under this 
section.'';
            (3) in section 1203, by inserting ``or commercial fishing 
        operation'' after ``farm'';
            (4) in section 1206, by striking ``if the property is 
        farmland or farm equipment'' and inserting ``if the property is 
        farmland, farm equipment, or property of a commercial fishing 
        operation (including a commercial fishing vessel)''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 1232. Additional provisions relating to family fishermen
    ``(a)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, except as 
provided in subsection (c), with respect to any commercial fishing 
vessel of a family fisherman, the debts of that family fisherman shall 
be treated in the manner prescribed in paragraph (2).
    ``(2)(A) For purposes of this chapter, a claim for a lien described 
in subsection (b) for a commercial fishing vessel of a family fisherman 
that could, but for this subsection, be subject to a lien under 
otherwise applicable maritime law, shall be treated as an unsecured 
claim.
    ``(B) Subparagraph (A) applies to a claim for a lien resulting from 
a debt of a family fisherman incurred on or after the date of enactment 
of this chapter.
    ``(b) A lien described in this subsection is--
            ``(1) a maritime lien under subchapter III of chapter 313 
        of title 46, United States Code, without regard to whether that 
        lien is recorded under section 31343 of title 46, United States 
        Code; or
            ``(2) a lien under applicable State law (or the law of a 
        political subdivision thereof).
    ``(c) Subsection (a) shall not apply to--
            ``(1) a claim made by a member of a crew or a seaman 
        including a claim made for--
                    ``(A) wages, maintenance, or cure; or
                    ``(B) personal injury; or
            ``(2) a preferred ship mortgage that has been perfected 
        under subchapter II of chapter 313 of title 46, United States 
        Code.
    ``(d) For purposes of this chapter, a mortgage described in 
subsection (c)(2) shall be treated as a secured claim.''.
    (d) Clerical Amendments.--
            (1) Table of chapters.--In the table of chapters for title 
        11, United States Code, the item relating to chapter 12, is 
        amended to read as follows:

``12. Adjustments of Debts of a Family Farmer or Family         1201''.
                            Fisherman with Regular Annual 
                            Income.
            (2) Table of sections.--The table of sections for chapter 
        12 of title 11, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
        end the following new item:

``1232. Additional provisions relating to family fishermen.''.
[EX A]: Amends the Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999 to reenact permanently chapter 12 of the Federal Bankruptcy Code (Adjustments of Debts of a Family Farmer). 
Amends Federal bankruptcy provisions to include family fishermen as authorized debtors. 
Requires a guarantor of a claim of a creditor to be treated in the same manner as a creditor with respect to the operation of a stay under such provisions.  Treats, with respect to the ownership or operation of a commercial fishing operation, a co-maker of a loan made by a creditor in the same manner as a creditor with respect to such a stay. 
Includes a commercial fishing operation under provisions concerning debtor rights and powers. 
Treats a claim for a lien for a commercial fishing vessel of a family fisherman as an unsecured claim.  States that such treatment shall not apply to: (1) a claim made by a crewmember or seaman for wages or personal injury; or (2) a preferred ship mortgage that has been perfected under provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code.

[EX Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Missile Defense Defend and Deter Act 
of 2016''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) It is in the highest strategic interest of the United 
        States to field a fully operational missile defense system to 
        defend against threats from intercontinental ballistic missiles 
        (ICBMs) of rogue nations, including North Korea and Iran.
            (2) In the past year, the Democratic People's Republic of 
        Korea tested a nuclear weapon and an intercontinental ballistic 
        missile and has made claims that it now possesses the ability 
        to miniaturize a nuclear warhead.
            (3) The ground-based midcourse defense (GMD) element of the 
        ballistic missile defense system (BMDS) is one of the most 
        critical capabilities needed to defend the United States 
        against threats from intercontinental ballistic missiles, 
        conventional and nuclear.
            (4) The test program of the Missile Defense Agency provides 
        vital data to demonstrate the operational effectiveness, 
        suitability, and survivability of the ballistic missile defense 
        system, and it contributes to United States nonproliferation 
        goals by sending a very credible message to the international 
        community on the ability of the United States to defeat 
        ballistic missiles in flight, thus reducing their value to 
        potential adversaries.

SEC. 3. REQUIRED TESTING BY MISSILE DEFENSE AGENCY OF GROUND-BASED 
              MIDCOURSE DEFENSE ELEMENT OF BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENSE 
              SYSTEM.

    (a) Testing Required.--Except as provided in subsection (c), not 
less frequently than once each fiscal year, the Director of the Missile 
Defense Agency shall administer an intercept flight test of the ground-
based midcourse defense element of the ballistic missile defense 
system.
    (b) Requirements.--The Director shall ensure that each test carried 
out under subsection (a) provides, when possible, for one or more of 
the following:
            (1) Validation of the operational effectiveness of the 
        ground-based midcourse defense element of the ballistic missile 
        defense system.
            (2) Use of assets in their operational configuration 
        against an inventory of targets to assess all aspects of 
        ground-based midcourse defense elements of the ballistic 
        missile defense system performance in a variety of flight test 
        regimes.
            (3) Use of operational doctrine and real-world constraints.
            (4) Evaluation of new concepts of operations and exercising 
        tactics, techniques, and procedures.
            (5) Mechanisms to assure the confidence of members of the 
        Armed Forces in the basic design of the ground-based midcourse 
        defense element of the ballistic missile defense system, its 
        hit-to-kill effectiveness, and its inherent operational 
        capability.
    (c) Exceptions.--
            (1) Nonintercept test.--The Director may forgo a test under 
        subsection (a) in a fiscal year if the Secretary of Defense, in 
        consultation with the Director, determines that conducting the 
        test would--
                    (A) jeopardize national security;
                    (B) not be successful due to specific ground-based 
                midcourse defense components needing a nonintercept 
                test; and
                    (C) likely lead to failure due to impractical time 
                considerations.
            (2) Funding.--The Director may forgo a test under 
        subsection (a) in a fiscal year if the Secretary of Defense, in 
        consultation with the Director, determines that the test is not 
        sufficiently funded.
            (3) National security waiver.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director may forgo a test 
                under subsection (a) in a fiscal year if the Secretary 
                of Defense, in consultation with the Director of the 
                Missile Defense Agency, Director of National 
                Intelligence, and the Commander of United States 
                Northern Command (NORTHCOM), determines that the 
                provision of testing as described in that subsection is 
                detrimental to the national security interests of the 
                United States.
                    (B) Notice required.--
                            (i) In general.--Not later than 30 days 
                        after forgoing a test pursuant to subparagraph 
                        (A), the Secretary shall submit to the 
                        congressional defense committees notice 
                        regarding the foregone test.
                            (ii) Elements.--Notice submitted under 
                        clause (i) shall include the following:
                                    (I) The rationale for forgoing the 
                                test.
                                    (II) The national security 
                                interests of the United States 
                                preventing the test.
                                    (III) A plan to complete the 
                                intercept test in the following fiscal 
                                year, which does not affect testing in 
                                following fiscal years.
                            (iii) Form.--Each notice under clause (ii) 
                        shall be submitted in an unclassified form, but 
                        may include a classified annex.
    (d) Congressional Defense Committees Defined.--In this section, the 
term ``congressional defense committees'' has the meaning given that 
term in section 101(a)(16) of title 10, United States Code.
[EX A]: Missile Defense Defend and Deter Act of 2016 This bill requires the Department of Defense (DOD) Missile Defense Agency to administer an intercept flight test of the ground-based midcourse defense element of the ballistic missile defense system at least once each fiscal year.  Each test shall provide for:   validation of the defense element's operational effectiveness; use of assets in their operational configuration against an inventory of targets to assess performance in a variety of flight test regimes;  use of operational doctrine and real-world constraints;  evaluation of new concepts of operations, tactics, and techniques; and  mechanisms to assure the confidence of members of the Armed Forces in the basic design of the ground-based midcourse defense element, its hit-to-kill effectiveness, and its operational capability.   The Agency may forgo a test if:   it would jeopardize national security, not be successful due to specific ground-based midcourse defense components needing a non-intercept test, and likely fail due to impractical time considerations; or  funding is insufficient.  The Agency also may forgo a test if DOD determines that the testing is detrimental to U.S. national security interests and provides notice to Congress.

[EX Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Rural Commuters Relief Act of 
2007''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    The Congress hereby finds:
            (1) In 2007, the price of gasoline has risen to record 
        levels in many areas of the United States.
            (2) Rising gas prices present significant challenges to 
        commuters dependent on cars or other automobiles for 
        transportation to and from their places of employment.
            (3) Residents of rural areas are particularly affected by 
        increasing gasoline prices given their limited access to public 
        transportation and longer distances between homes and places of 
        employment.
            (4) The health of economies in many rural areas is 
        particularly susceptible to harm from the increasing price of 
        gasoline.
            (5) The documented incidence of poverty is higher outside 
        of metropolitan areas than within such areas.

SEC. 3. DEDUCTION FOR LONG-DISTANCE RURAL COMMUTERS DURING PERIODS OF 
              HIGH GASOLINE PRICES.

    (a) In General.--Part VI of subchapter B of chapter 1 of the 
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to additional itemized 
deductions for individuals) is amended by redesignating section 224 as 
section 225 and by inserting after section 223 the following new 
section:

``SEC. 224. HIGH GASOLINE EXPENSES FOR LONG-DISTANCE RURAL COMMUTERS.

    ``(a) Allowance of Deduction.--In the case of an eligible 
individual, there shall be allowed as a deduction the sum of the 
amounts determined under subsection (b) for each high gasoline price 
month during the taxable year.
    ``(b) Amount of Credit.--
            ``(1) In general.--The amount of credit determined under 
        this subsection for each high gasoline price month is $100.
            ``(2) Increased credit for carpooling.--The amount of 
        credit determined under paragraph (1) for each high gasoline 
        price month shall be increased by $100 if the eligible 
        individual car pools an average of 4 days per week during the 
        3-month period ending with such month.
            ``(3) Car pool.--An individual car pools on any trip if at 
        least one other individual is in the highway motor vehicle 
        during substantially all of the trip in connection with the 
        employment of such other individual.
    ``(c) Eligible Individual.--For purposes of this section--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `eligible individual' means, 
        with respect to any month, any individual if--
                    ``(A) throughout such month, the distance between 
                the individual's principal place of abode and primary 
                place of employment is more than 30 miles,
                    ``(B) on at least 4 days during each week of such 
                month, such individual commutes between such place of 
                abode and place of employment using a highway motor 
                vehicle--
                            ``(i) which is fueled gasoline or diesel 
                        fuel, and
                            ``(ii) which is registered to such 
                        individual or to another individual as part of 
                        a car pooling arrangement between such 
                        individuals,
                    ``(C) both such places are in rural areas, and
                    ``(D) the family income of the family which 
                includes the taxpayer does not exceed the median family 
                income for the United States.
            ``(2) Rural area.--The term `rural area' means any 
        nonmetropolitan area (as determined by the Office of Management 
        and Budget for census purposes) with a population of not more 
        than 30,000.
    ``(d) High Gasoline Price Month.--For purposes of this section--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `high gasoline price month' 
        means any calendar month during which the average weekly retail 
        price of regular grade gasoline (inclusive of taxes) for 
        applicable PAD District is at least $3 per gallon.
            ``(2) Applicable pad district.--For purposes of paragraph 
        (1), the applicable PAD district is the Petroleum 
        Administration for Defense District which includes most of the 
        distance between the individual's principal place of abode and 
        primary place of employment.
    ``(e) Separate Application to Individuals Filing Joint Returns.--
This section shall be applied separately to individuals filing a joint 
return.''.
    (b) Deduction Allowed Whether or Not Individual Itemizes Other 
Deductions.--Subsection (a) of section 62 of such Code is amended by 
inserting after paragraph (21) the following new paragraph:
            ``(22) High gasoline expenses for long-distance rural 
        commuters.--The deduction allowed by section 224.''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for part VI of 
subchapter B of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by striking the item 
relating to section 224 as inserting the following new items:

``Sec. 224. High gasoline expenses for long-distance rural commuters.
``Sec. 225. Cross reference.''.
    (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to calendar months beginning after the date of the enactment of 
this Act and to taxable years ending after such date.
[EX A]:
Rural Commuters Relief Act of 2007 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow individual taxpayers who reside in a rural area of not more than 30,000 people a tax deduction for up to $100 of commuting costs in any month in which the cost of gasoline is at least $3 per gallon (high gasoline price month). Allows an additional $100 deduction amount for carpooling during a high gasoline price month. Allows individual taxpayers to claim such deduction whether or not they itemize their other deductions.