In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision.  Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.

Input: Consider Input: of the state action is sought. First, federal courts handling in personam cases have generally limited their decisions to enjoin state court proceedings to MDLs or complex national class actions. “Under an appropriate set of facts, a federal court entertaining complex litigation, especially when it involves a substantial class of persons from multiple states, or represents a consolidation of cases from multiple districts, may appropriately enjoin state court proceedings in order to protect its jurisdiction.” Diet Drugs I, 282 F.3d at 235. In fact, several courts have declined to enjoin state court proceedings specifically because the federal action did not involve an MDL or a certified class action. See Negrete v. Allianz Life Ins. Co. of N. Am., 523 F.3d 1091, 1103 (9th Cir.2008) (<HOLDING>); Gooch, 589 F.3d at 330-31 (declining to 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that there was no record of a hearing about settlement objections (B) holding that because the alleged settlement was never approved by the court under rule 9019 the settlement agreement was unenforceable (C) holding that the commissions approval of a nonunanimous settlement agreement did not violate intervenors due process rights because the record shows that the appellant presented arguments in opposition to the settlement during the agenda conference in which the appellant was allowed thirty minutes to present its views in opposition to the settlement agreement (D) holding a settlement privilege exists as to thirdparty discovery of settlement negotiations (E) holding that an injunction was inappropriate because this was not an mdl case discovery was not complete no class settlement was imminent in fact as far as the record shows no serious settlement progress had been made

Output: (E)


Input: Consider Input: obligations, the United States government must conform its conduct to constitutional requirements. Grin v. Shine, 187 U.S. 181, 184, 23 S.Ct. 98, 100, 47 L.Ed. 130 (1902). See In re Burt, 737 F.2d 1477, 1485 (7th Cir.1984) (“when the conduct of the United States government is challenged, such conduct must be assessed in light of the Constitution”); Plaster v. United States, 720 F.2d 340, 348 (4th Cir.1983). Where an extradition court finds that extradition would violate the relator’s constitutional rights, the Executive branch may not extradite him. In re Burt, supra, 737 F.2d at 1484; Plaster v. United States, supra, 720 F.2d at 349. See also In re Extradition of Mahmoud Abed Atta, 1988 WL 66866 (E.D.N.Y. June 17, 1988) (unreported slip op.) (available on Westlaw, federal database) (<HOLDING>). However, an American court may not deny 
 Holding statements: (A) holding that juveniles may waive constitutional rights (B) recognizing defendants state and federal constitutional rights to testify (C) holding in the private sector context that flsa rights cannot be abridged by contract or otherwise waived  and stating that in any event congressionally granted flsa rights take precedence over conflicting provisions in a collectively bargained compensation arrangement (D) holding that constitutional rights in extradition take precedence over treaty terms (E) recognizing the right to trial by jury is a constitutional right to be given the same protections as other constitutional rights

Output: (D)


Input: Consider Input: by appellant is best evaluated by the legislative branch and the determination of the appropriate format for such proposed legislative change, if any, is best weighed by the legislature. Hall v. Budagher, 76 N.M. 591, 417 P.2d 71 (1966). The sagacity of making changes in workmen’s compensation statutes, or rights created thereunder, has been generally held to be outside the province of the courts. Pedrazza v. Sid Fleming 544 P.2d 1153 (1976), (abolishing, the doctrine of sovereign immunity); Williamson v. Smith, 83 N.M. 336, 491 P.2d 1147 (1972) (abolishing defense of assumption of risk); Claymore v. City of Alb., 96 N.M. 682, 634 P.2d 1234 (20 N.M. Bar Bulletin 75 (1981) (abolishing defense of contributory negligence); Stotlar v. Hester, 92 N.M. 26, 582 P.2d 403 (Ct.App.1978) (<HOLDING>). Nevertheless, in light of New Mexico’s long 
 Holding statements: (A) holding comparative negligence not defense to intentional tort (B) recognizing tort of wrongful discharge (C) holding that a negligence claim is not a personal injury tort claim (D) recognizing tort of negligence by words (E) holding tort of negligence must be based upon duty other that one imposed by contract


Output: (D)