In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
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Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Medicare Information Act of 2011''.

SEC. 2. ANNUAL MEDICARE BENEFICIARY PART A CONTRIBUTIONS AND BENEFITS 
              STATEMENTS.

    (a) In General.--Part A of title XI of the Social Security Act is 
amended by inserting after section 1143 (42 U.S.C. 1320b-13) the 
following new section:

    ``annual medicare beneficiary part a contributions and benefits 
                               statements

    ``Sec. 1143A.  (a) Provision.--
            ``(1) In general.--Beginning not later than 2 years after 
        the date of the enactment of this section, the Secretary, in 
        coordination with the Commissioner of Social Security, shall 
        provide a statement described in subsection (b) (in this 
        section referred to as an `annual Medicare part A information 
        statement') on an annual basis to each eligible individual (as 
        defined in subsection (d)) for whom a current mailing address 
        can be determined through such methods as the Secretary 
        determines to be appropriate.
            ``(2) Coordination in single mailing with social security 
        account statements.--In order to avoid sending separate 
        statements under this section and section 1143 in the case of 
        an individual for whom a social security account statement is 
        provided under section 1143 and a separate annual Medicare part 
        A information statement would otherwise be provided under this 
        section, the Secretary shall coordinate with the Commissioner 
        of Social Security, whether through transmittal of data or 
        otherwise, in a manner so that the annual Medicare part A 
        information statement is included and sent with such social 
        security account statement.
            ``(3) Methodology.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, in consultation 
                with the Commissioner of Social Security and the 
                Secretary of the Treasury, shall specify the 
                methodology to be used in estimating lifetime 
                contributions and lifetime benefits with respect to 
                annual Medicare part A information statements. Such 
                methodology for computing the lifespan of an individual 
                shall be the same methodology used for purposes of the 
                social security account statement under section 1143.
                    ``(B) Inclusion of description in statement.--The 
                Secretary shall include a brief description of the key 
                assumptions used in such methodology in the annual 
                Medicare part A information statements.
            ``(4) Summary of medicare part a program.--Each annual 
        Medicare part A information statement shall include a summary 
        of part A of the Medicare program. Such summary shall also 
        include a summary description of benefits and enrollment 
        options under parts B, C, and D of title XVIII, but shall 
        indicate that the information described in subsection (b) does 
        not include information related to contributions and benefits 
        under those parts.
    ``(b) Medicare Part A Information Statement Described.--In addition 
to the information described in paragraphs (3)(B) and (4) of subsection 
(a), each annual Medicare part A information statement for an eligible 
individual shall contain the following:
            ``(1) HI employee contributions.--The total contributions 
        described in section 1143(a)(2)(C) for the individual--
                    ``(A) for the most recent year for which data are 
                available;
                    ``(B) to the extent feasible, for previous periods 
                through the end of such year; and
                    ``(C) as projected for the individual during the 
                individual's lifetime.
        To the extent feasible, of such total contributions the portion 
        that is attributable to employer, employee, and self-employment 
        contributions.
            ``(2) Medicare part a benefits.--In the case of an eligible 
        individual--
                    ``(A) who, for such most recent year, was entitled 
                to benefits under part A of title XVIII, the total 
                value of such benefits provided to the individual under 
                such part as of the end of such year and, to the extent 
                feasible, the total value of such benefits for such 
                individual for previous periods through the end of such 
                year; and
                    ``(B) an estimate of the actuarial value of the 
                expected benefits under such part for the individual 
                during the individual's lifetime, including (but stated 
                separately) any benefits described in subparagraph (A).
            ``(3) Comparison.--An appropriate comparison of such 
        contributions with such benefits.
    ``(c) Records Retention.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
indefinite retention of information that--
            ``(1) is described in subsection (b), including benefits 
        described in subsection (b)(2); and
            ``(2) the Secretary has not discarded as of the date of the 
        enactment of this section.
    ``(d) Eligible Individual Defined.--In this section, the term 
`eligible individual' means an individual--
            ``(1) who has a social security account number;
            ``(2) who has attained age 25 or over; and
            ``(3) who is entitled to benefits under part A of title 
        XVIII or who, as of the end of the most recent year referred to 
        in subsection (b)(1)(A), has had any contributions described in 
        subsection (b)(1) made with respect to the individual during 
        such year or a previous year.''.
    (b) Inclusion of Social Security Account Statement for Those 
Receiving Annual Medicare Part A Information Statement.--Section 
1143(a)(3) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1320b-13(a)(3)) is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
``Such term includes an individual not described in the previous 
sentence who is an eligible individual (as defined in subsection (d) of 
section 1143A) for whom an annual Medicare part A information statement 
is provided under such section.''.

Answer: Medicare Information Act of 2011 - Amends part A of title XI of the Social Security Act to direct the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to provide to each eligible individual annually a statement of Medicare part A (Hospital Insurance) contributions and benefits in coordination with the annual mailing of Social Security account statements.


Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Student Non-Discrimination Act of 
2011''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES.

    (a) Findings.--The Congress finds the following:
            (1) Public school students who are lesbian, gay, bisexual 
        or transgender (LGBT), or are perceived to be LGBT, or who 
        associate with LGBT people, have been and are subjected to 
        pervasive discrimination, including harassment, bullying, 
        intimidation and violence, and have been deprived of equal 
        educational opportunities, in schools in every part of our 
        Nation.
            (2) While discrimination, including harassment, bullying, 
        intimidation and violence, of any kind is harmful to students 
        and to our education system, actions that target students based 
        on sexual orientation or gender identity represent a distinct 
        and especially severe problem.
            (3) Numerous social science studies demonstrate that 
        discrimination, including harassment, bullying, intimidation 
        and violence, at school has contributed to high rates of 
        absenteeism, dropout, adverse health consequences, and academic 
        underachievement among LGBT youth.
            (4) When left unchecked, discrimination, including 
        harassment, bullying, intimidation and violence, in schools 
        based on sexual orientation or gender identity can lead, and 
        has lead to, life-threatening violence and to suicide.
            (5) Public school students enjoy a variety of 
        constitutional rights, including rights to equal protection, 
        privacy, and free expression, which are infringed when school 
        officials engage in discriminatory treatment or are indifferent 
        to discrimination, including harassment, bullying, intimidation 
        and violence, on the basis of sexual orientation or gender 
        identity.
            (6) While Federal statutory protections expressly address 
        discrimination on the basis of race, color, sex, religion, 
        disability, and national origin, Federal civil rights statutes 
        do not expressly include ``sexual orientation'' or ``gender 
        identity''. As a result, students and parents have often had 
        limited legal recourse to redress for discrimination on the 
        basis of sexual orientation or gender identity.
    (b) Purposes.--The purposes of this Act are--
            (1) to ensure that all students have access to public 
        education in a safe environment free from discrimination, 
        including harassment, bullying, intimidation and violence, on 
        the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity;
            (2) to provide a comprehensive Federal prohibition of 
        discrimination in public schools based on actual or perceived 
        sexual orientation or gender identity;
            (3) to provide meaningful and effective remedies for 
        discrimination in public schools based on actual or perceived 
        sexual orientation or gender identity;
            (4) to invoke congressional powers, including but not 
        limited to the power to enforce the 14th Amendment to the 
        Constitution and to provide for the general welfare pursuant to 
        section 8 of article I of the Constitution and the power to 
        enact all laws necessary and proper for the execution of the 
        foregoing powers pursuant to section 8 of article I of the 
        Constitution, in order to prohibit discrimination in public 
        schools on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity; 
        and
            (5) to allow the Department of Education to effectively 
        combat discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender 
        identity in public schools through regulation and enforcement, 
        as the Department has issued regulations under and enforced 
        title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 and other 
        nondiscrimination laws in a manner that effectively addresses 
        discrimination.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    For purposes of this Act:
            (1) Program or activity.--The terms ``program or activity'' 
        and ``program'' have same meanings given such terms as applied 
        under section 606 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 
        2000d-4a) to the operations of public entities under paragraph 
        (2)(B) of such section.
            (2) Gender identity.--The term ``gender identity'' means 
        the gender-related identity, appearance, or mannerisms or other 
        gender-related characteristics of an individual, with or 
        without regard to the individual's designated sex at birth.
            (3) Harassment.--The term ``harassment'' means conduct that 
        is sufficiently severe, persistent, or pervasive to limit a 
        student's ability to participate in or benefit from a public 
        school education program or activity, or to create a hostile or 
        abusive educational environment at a public school, including 
        acts of verbal, nonverbal, or physical aggression, 
        intimidation, or hostility, if such conduct is based on--
                    (A) a student's actual or perceived sexual 
                orientation or gender identity; or
                    (B) the actual or perceived sexual orientation or 
                gender identity of a person or persons with whom a 
                student associates or has associated.
            (4) Public schools.--The term ``public schools'' means 
        public elementary and secondary schools, including local 
        educational agencies, educational service agencies, and State 
        educational agencies, as defined in section 9101 of the 
        Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965.
            (5) Sexual orientation.--The term ``sexual orientation'' 
        means homosexuality, heterosexuality, or bisexuality.
            (6) Student.--The term ``student'' means an individual who 
        is enrolled in a public school or who, regardless of official 
        enrollment status, attends classes or participates in a public 
        school's programs or educational activities.

SEC. 4. PROHIBITION AGAINST DISCRIMINATION; EXCEPTIONS.

    (a) In General.--No student shall, on the basis of actual or 
perceived sexual orientation or gender identity of such individual or 
of a person with whom the student associates or has associated, be 
excluded from participation in, or be denied the benefits of, or be 
subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving 
Federal financial assistance.
    (b) Harassment.--For purposes of this Act, discrimination includes, 
but is not limited to, harassment of a student on the basis of actual 
or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity of such student or 
of a person with whom the student associates or has associated.
    (c) Retaliation Prohibited.--
            (1) Prohibition.--No person shall be excluded from 
        participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to 
        discrimination, retaliation, or reprisal under any program or 
        activity receiving Federal financial assistance based on his or 
        her opposition to conduct made unlawful by this Act.
            (2) Definition.--For purposes of this subsection, 
        ``opposition to conduct made unlawful by this Act'' includes, 
        but is not limited to--
                    (A) opposition to conduct reasonably believed to be 
                made unlawful by this Act,
                    (B) any formal or informal report, whether oral or 
                written, to any governmental entity, including public 
                schools and employees thereof, regarding conduct made 
                unlawful by this Act or reasonably believed to be made 
                unlawful by this Act,
                    (C) participation in any investigation, proceeding, 
                or hearing related to conduct made unlawful by this Act 
                or reasonably believed to be made unlawful by this Act, 
                and
                    (D) assistance or encouragement provided to any 
                other person in the exercise or enjoyment of any right 
                granted or protected by this Act,
        if in the course of that expression, the person involved does 
        not purposefully provide information known to be false to any 
        public school or other governmental entity regarding a 
        violation, or alleged violation, of this Act.

SEC. 5. FEDERAL ADMINISTRATIVE ENFORCEMENT; REPORT TO CONGRESSIONAL 
              COMMITTEES.

    Each Federal department and agency which is empowered to extend 
Federal financial assistance to any education program or activity, by 
way of grant, loan, or contract other than a contract of insurance or 
guaranty, is authorized and directed to effectuate the provisions of 
section 4 of this Act with respect to such program or activity by 
issuing rules, regulations, or orders of general applicability which 
shall be consistent with achievement of the objectives of the Act 
authorizing the financial assistance in connection with which the 
action is taken. No such rule, regulation, or order shall become 
effective unless and until approved by the President. Compliance with 
any requirement adopted pursuant to this section may be effected--
            (1) by the termination of or refusal to grant or to 
        continue assistance under such program or activity to any 
        recipient as to whom there has been an express finding on the 
        record, after opportunity for hearing, of a failure to comply 
        with such requirement, but such termination or refusal shall be 
        limited to the particular political entity, or part thereof, or 
        other recipient as to whom such a finding has been made, and 
        shall be limited in its effect to the particular program, or 
        part thereof, in which such noncompliance has been so found, or
            (2) by any other means authorized by law,
except that no such action shall be taken until the department or 
agency concerned has advised the appropriate person or persons of the 
failure to comply with the requirement and has determined that 
compliance cannot be secured by voluntary means. In the case of any 
action terminating, or refusing to grant or continue, assistance 
because of failure to comply with a requirement imposed pursuant to 
this section, the head of the Federal department or agency shall file 
with the committees of the House and Senate having legislative 
jurisdiction over the program or activity involved a full written 
report of the circumstances and the grounds for such action. No such 
action shall become effective until 30 days have elapsed after the 
filing of such report.

SEC. 6. CAUSE OF ACTION.

    (a) Cause of Action.--Subject to subsection (c) of this section, an 
aggrieved individual may assert a violation of this Act in a judicial 
proceeding. Aggrieved persons may be awarded all appropriate relief, 
including but not limited to equitable relief, compensatory damages, 
cost of the action, and remedial action.
    (b) Rule of Construction.--This section shall not be construed to 
preclude an aggrieved individual from obtaining other remedies under 
any other provision of law or to require such individual to exhaust any 
administrative complaint process or notice-of-claim requirement before 
seeking redress under this section.
    (c) Statute of Limitations.--For actions brought pursuant to this 
section, the statute of limitations period shall be determined in 
accordance with section 1658(a) of title 28 of the United States Code. 
The tolling of any such limitations period shall be determined in 
accordance with the law governing actions under section 1979 of the 
Revised Statutes (42 U.S.C. 1983) in the forum State.

SEC. 7. STATE IMMUNITY.

    (a) State Immunity.--A State shall not be immune under the 11th 
Amendment to the Constitution of the United States from suit in Federal 
court for a violation of this Act.
    (b) Waiver.--A State's receipt or use of Federal financial 
assistance for any program or activity of a State shall constitute a 
waiver of sovereign immunity, under the 11th Amendment to the 
Constitution or otherwise, to a suit brought by an aggrieved individual 
for a violation of section 4 of this Act.
    (c) Remedies.--In a suit against a State for a violation of this 
Act, remedies (including remedies both at law and in equity) are 
available for such a violation to the same extent as such remedies are 
available for such a violation in the suit against any public or 
private entity other than a State.

SEC. 8. ATTORNEY'S FEES.

    Section 722(b) of the Revised Statutes (42 U.S.C. 1988(b)) is 
amended by inserting ``the Student Nondiscrimination Act of 2011,'' 
after ``Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act of 
2000,''.

SEC. 9. EFFECT ON OTHER LAWS.

    (a) Federal and State Nondiscrimination Laws.--Nothing in this Act 
shall be construed to preempt, invalidate, or limit rights, remedies, 
procedures, or legal standards available to victims of discrimination 
or retaliation under any other Federal law or law of a State or 
political subdivision of a State, including title VI of the Civil 
Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.), title IX of the Education 
Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.), section 504 of the 
Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794), the Americans with 
Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.), or section 1979 of 
the Revised Statutes (42 U.S.C. 1983). The obligations imposed by this 
Act are in addition to those imposed by title IX of the Education 
Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.), title VI of the Civil 
Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.), and the Americans with 
Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.).
    (b) Free Speech and Expression Laws and Religious Student Groups.--
Nothing in this Act shall be construed to alter legal standards 
regarding, or affect the rights available to individuals or groups 
under, other Federal laws that establish protections for freedom of 
speech and expression, such as legal standards and rights available to 
religious and other student groups under the 1st Amendment to the 
Constitution and the Equal Access Act (20 U.S.C. 4071 et seq.).

SEC. 10. SEVERABILITY.

    If any provision of this Act, or any application of such provision 
to any person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the 
remainder of this Act, and the application of the provision to any 
other person or circumstance shall not be affected.

SEC. 11. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    This Act shall take effect 60 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act and shall not apply to conduct occurring before the 
effective date of this Act.

Answer: Student Non-Discrimination Act of 2011 - Prohibits public school students from being excluded from participating in, or subject to discrimination under, any federally-assisted educational program on the basis of their actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity or that of their associates.

Considers harassment to be a form of discrimination.

Prohibits retaliation against anyone for opposing conduct they reasonably believe to be unlawful under this Act.

Authorizes federal departments and agencies to enforce these prohibitions by cutting off the educational assistance of recipients found to be violating them.

Allows an aggrieved individual to assert a violation of this Act in a judicial proceeding and recover reasonable attorney's fees should they prevail.

Deems a state's receipt of federal educational assistance for a program to constitute a waiver of sovereign immunity for conduct prohibited under this Act regarding such program.


Question: SECTION 1. COMPENSATION FOR UNITED STATES CITIZENS TAKEN HOSTAGE BY 
              TERRORISTS OR STATE SPONSORS OF TERRORISM.

    (a) In General.--In accordance with such procedures as the 
President may by regulation establish, the President or his designee 
shall receive the claims of, and pay compensation to, any national of 
the United States, or to the estate of any such national, who--
            (1) as of the date of enactment of this Act has a claim 
        pending in a court of the United States against a foreign state 
        seeking compensation for injuries caused by an act of hostage-
        taking or has obtained a judgment on such a claim that has not 
        been fully satisfied;
            (2) at any time on or after August 2, 1990, and while not 
        serving on active duty in the Armed Forces of the United 
        States, was taken hostage by a terrorist party; or
            (3) was a representative plaintiff or class member in Case 
        Number 1:00CV03110(EGS) in the United States District Court for 
        the District of Columbia.
    (b) Limit on Amount of Award.--The amount that may be awarded to 
any person seeking compensation under this section shall not exceed 
$500,000, adjusted to reflect the annual percentage change in the 
Consumer Price Index, from the date on which the hostage-taking 
occurred to the date on which compensation is paid.
    (c) Type of Award.--Subject to the limit in subsection (b), any 
person seeking compensation for hostage-taking under this section shall 
be awarded the following amounts with respect to which the United 
States shall enjoy full subrogation rights in the event such person 
obtains any recovery in litigation or otherwise as a result of such 
hostage-taking:
            (1) In the case of any person who has been issued a final 
        judgment for compensatory damages, the unsatisfied amount of 
        such judgment.
            (2) In the case of any person who survived his captivity 
        and who has not been issued a final judgment for compensatory 
        damages, $10,000 per day for each day that such person was held 
        or, if he died or was tortured during the course of his 
        captivity, the maximum amount in subsection (b).
    (d) Prohibition on Civil Actions Against Foreign States.--A person 
who has accepted compensation under subsection (c)(2) may not commence 
or maintain in a court of the United States a civil action seeking 
compensation for such injuries or damages associated with such hostage 
taking against a foreign state or its agencies or instrumentalities.
    (e) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Hostage taking.--The term ``hostage taking'' has the 
        meaning given that term in Article 1 of the International 
        Convention Against the Taking of the Hostages and includes any 
        act that caused a person to be in ``hostage status'' within the 
        meaning of section 599C(d)(1) of Public Law 101-513.
            (2) Terrorist party.--The term ``terrorist party'' has the 
        meaning given that term in the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act 
        (section 201(d)(4) of Public Law 107-297) and includes any 
        person, organization, or foreign state that was designated as 
        such either at the time or as a result of the act of hostage-
        taking for which compensation is sought.
    (f) Funding.--Funds sufficient to pay persons to whom compensation 
is due under this section shall be made available from the Hostage 
Victims Fund, into which the President shall direct deposits, in 
proportions the President so allocates in the discretion of the 
President, from--
            (1) the ``blocked assets'' of terrorist parties, as that 
        term is defined in the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (section 
        201(d)(2) of Public Law 107-297);
            (2) amounts received by the United States by reason of any 
        legal action taken by the United States against any person 
        relating to improper conduct in connection with the Oil for 
        Food Program of the United Nations, including any fines, 
        forfeitures or disgorgements of amounts received through any 
        activity related to said Program; or
            (3) amounts received as a result of any fine or forfeiture 
        obtained from any person or entity in connection with a 
        violation of--
                    (A) the International Emergency Economic Powers Act 
                (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.);
                    (B) section 5(b) of the Trading With the Enemy Act 
                (50 U.S.C. App 5(b));
                    (C) the United and Strengthening America by 
                Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and 
                Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT) Act of 2001 (Public 
                Law 107-56; 115 Stat. 272);
                    (D) the Bank Secrecy Act (codified at title 12 
                U.S.C. 1829 (b) and 1951-1959 and 31 U.S.C. 5311-5313 
                and 5316-5332);
                    (E) the Export Administration Act (50 U.S.C. App. 
                2401-2410); or
                    (F) any regulations promulgated under an Act listed 
                in subparagraphs (A) through (E).
    (g) Additional Compensation for Victims of Iranian Hostage Taking 
in Tehran.--In addition to any amounts that may be awarded under 
subsection (c), the President or his designee shall from monies 
deposited for Iran in the Iran Foreign Military Sales Fund account 
within the Foreign Military Sales Fund (including any amounts accrued 
as interest thereon)--
            (1) pay any person who qualifies for payment under 
        subsection (a)(3) who was taken hostage by the Islamic Republic 
        of Iran on November 4, 1979 additional compensation of 
        $500,000, adjusted to reflect the annual percentage change in 
        the Consumer Price Index, from the date on which the hostage 
        taking occurred to the date on which the compensation is paid; 
        and
            (2) pay any person who was, at the time of such hostage-
        taking, the spouse or child of such person, 50 percent of the 
        total amount of compensation paid to the hostage.

Answer:
Authorizes the President to compensate a U.S. national, or his or her estate, who: (1) has a claim pending in U.S. court against a foreign state seeking compensation for injuries caused by an act of hostage-taking, or has obtained a judgment on such a claim that has not been fully satisfied; (2) on or after August 2, 1990, and while not serving on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces, was taken hostage by a terrorist party; or (3) was a representative plaintiff or class member in Case Number 1:00CV03110(EGS) in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia.

Bars a person who has accepted compensation under this Act from commencing or maintaining a U.S. civil action seeking compensation for such injuries or damages associated with such hostage taking against a foreign state or its agencies or instrumentalities.

Funds compensation under this Act from the Hostage Victims Fund, into which the President shall direct deposits from: (1) blocked assets of terrorist parties; (2) amounts received against any person in connection with the U.N. Oil for Food Program; or (3) amounts received as a result of any fine or forfeiture in connection with a violation of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, the Trading With the Enemy Act, the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, the Bank Secrecy Act, or the Export Administration Act.

Provides additional compensation for victims of the 1979 Iranian hostage taking in Tehran, including spouses and children of persons taken captive.