In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

Q: adoption of leland, 65 mass. app. ct. 580, 584 (2006), quoting from care & protection of bruce, 44 mass. app. ct. 758, 761 (1998).

A: non-overruling
****
Q: id. at 354, 775 s.e.2d at 331.

A: non-overruling
****
Q: (shoemaker v. myers (1990) 52 cal.3d 1, 7.)

A:
non-overruling
****