In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

Ex Input:
people v chambers, 430 mich 217, 222; 421 nw2d 903 (1988).

Ex Output:
non-overruling


Ex Input:
the court of criminal appeals resolved the certified question by holding that the badt fee statute violates ""due process principles.""

Ex Output:
non-overruling


Ex Input:
although the jury could have concluded appellant was in some state of fear, ""a mere claim of fear"" by a defendant does not, standing alone, establish the existence of sudden passion arising from an adequate cause.

Ex Output:

non-overruling