Classify the input text into either disfluent questions or proper questions. A disfluent question is a question that has some interruptions in it while framing. A proper question is the correct form of the question without any disfluency.

Besides Leibniz, what er instead in what year did Pierre de Fermat declare Euler's little theorem?
disfluent

Did the RAND corporation retain any of the research?
proper

How many of Jacksonville city's residents are younger than 18 or rather older than eighteen?

disfluent