In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

[EX Q]: see schaffer by schaffer, 74 f.3d at 731.
[EX A]: non-overruling

[EX Q]: carmen and fugate, to the extent that they conflict with this opinion, are overruled.
[EX A]: overruling

[EX Q]: further, to the extent that any of this court's other reported opinions suggest an analysis contrary to the one set forth today, they are hereby disavowed.
[EX A]:
overruling