In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Consumer Lending Education And 
Reform Act'' and the ``C.L.E.A.R. Act''.

SEC. 2. PROTECTIONS FOR CONSUMERS.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 2 of the Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 
1631 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 129A the following 
new section:
``Sec. 129B Protections for consumers
    ``(a) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, the following 
definitions shall apply:
            ``(1) Affiliate.--The term `affiliate' has the same meaning 
        as in section 129(k).
            ``(2) Electronic signature.--The term `electronic 
        signature' means a signatures in digital or other electronic 
        form that meets the validity requirements of the Electronic 
        Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act.
            ``(3)  Extended payment plan.--The term `extended payment 
        plan' means an amendment to the payday loan that is signed in 
        person or electronically by both the consumer and the creditor 
        reflecting an agreement that the consumer pay the outstanding 
        balance on a payday loan in 4 equal payments, where the period 
        between each payment may not be less than the duration of the 
        original payday loan.
            ``(4) Home state.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `home State' means, 
                with respect to any creditor or any affiliate of a 
                creditor, the State in which the primary home office of 
                the creditor or any affiliate of the creditor is 
                located.
                    ``(B) Home office.--The term `home office' means 
                the office that houses a majority of the applicable 
                party's day-to-day management and administrative 
                support functions.
            ``(5) Interest and fees.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), the term `interest and fees' includes 
                any charge payable directly or indirectly by the 
                consumer and imposed directly or indirectly by the 
                creditor as an incident to or a condition of the 
                extension of credit.
                    ``(B) Charges not included.--The term `interest and 
                fees' does not include--
                            ``(i) any charge for a default, 
                        delinquency, or similar occurrence; or
                            ``(ii) any charge imposed when, if for any 
                        reason, funds are not made available to pay an 
                        item or authorization delivered to the creditor 
                        in the manner described in subparagraph (A) or 
                        (B) of paragraph (1) to the extent that--
                                    ``(I) the charge does not exceed 
                                the greater of $25 or the amount 
                                charged to the creditor by the 
                                creditor's financial institution; and
                                    ``(II) the charge is only imposed 
                                once per each item or authorization 
                                regardless of whether the item or 
                                authorization is presented for payment 
                                more than once.
            ``(6) Loan store.--The term `loan store' means each 
        location operated by a creditor at which applications for 
        payday loans are received or the proceeds of payday loans are 
        disbursed.
            ``(7) Payday loan; loan.--The terms `payday loan' and 
        `loan' mean a closed-end credit transaction, evidenced by a 
        loan agreement signed by the creditor and the consumer, in 
        person or electronically, unsecured by any interest in the 
        consumer's tangible personal property with a term of at least 7 
        and not more than 90 days in which the amount financed does not 
        exceed $2,000 with a finance charge exceeding an annual 
        percentage rate of 36 percent, and the consumer--
                    ``(A) receives funds from and incurs interest or a 
                fee payable to a creditor, and contemporaneously with 
                the receipt of funds, provides a check or other payment 
                instrument to the creditor who agrees with the consumer 
                not to deposit or present the check or payment 
                instrument for more than 1 day; or
                    ``(B) receives funds from and incurs interest or a 
                fee payable to a creditor, and contemporaneously with 
                the receipt of funds, authorized the creditor to 
                initiate a debt or debits to the consumer's deposit 
                account (by electronic fund transfer or remotely 
                created check) after 1 or more days.
            ``(8) Payday lender.--The term `payday lender' means any 
        creditor with respect to a payday loan.
            ``(9) Refinancing.--The term `refinancing' means the use of 
        the proceeds of 1 payday loan obtained from a creditor to pay 
        off any amount due to that creditor.
    ``(b) Protections for Consumers.--
            ``(1) Interest and fee cap.--A payday lender may not--
                    ``(A) require a consumer to pay--
                            ``(i) in the case of any original payday 
                        loan, interest and other fees and charges that 
                        total more than 15 cents for every dollar 
                        loaned; and
                            ``(ii) in the case of an original payday 
                        loan originated over the Internet, an 
                        additional origination fee in excess of 5 
                        percent of the original principal loan amount;
                    ``(B) require a consumer to pay interest and fees 
                that, combined, total more than--
                            ``(i) in the case of the 1st refinancing of 
                        an outstanding payday loan, 15 cents for every 
                        dollar of the outstanding original principal 
                        loan amount; and
                            ``(ii) in the case of the 2nd refinancing 
                        of an outstanding payday loan, 10 cents for 
                        every dollar of the outstanding original 
                        principal loan amount; or
                    ``(C) require a consumer to pay an origination fee 
                for a payday loan that is refinanced.
            ``(2) Mandatory disclosures.--A payday lender may not make 
        or refinance a payday loan unless the creditor has first 
        provided the consumer with a copy of a written loan agreement, 
        which shall be signed by the creditor and by the consumer and 
        shall include the following information in English and in the 
        language in which the loan was negotiated:
                    ``(A) A clear and conspicuous description of the 
                terms of the loan, including the total cost of all fees 
                and other charges in connection with the loan stated as 
                a dollar amount, and the consumer's payment obligations 
                under the loan.
                    ``(B) The name, address and telephone number of the 
                creditor making the loan, and the name of title of the 
                individual employee of the creditor who signs the loan 
                agreement on behalf of the creditor.
                    ``(C) The following statements, in at least 14-
                point bold face type:
                            ``(i) Warning.--This loan is not intended 
                        to meet long-term financial needs. This loan 
                        should be used only to meet short-term cash 
                        needs.
                            ``(ii) Credit counseling availability.--You 
                        should consider contacting an independent, 
                        nonprofit credit counseling agency approved by 
                        the National Foundation for Credit Counseling 
                        (NFCC) or by a State or Federal Government 
                        agency. You may obtain information on how to 
                        contact an approved counselor near you by 
                        calling the National Foundation for Credit 
                        Counseling at 1-800-388-2227.
                            ``(iii) No criminal prosecution or security 
                        interest.--You cannot be prosecuted in criminal 
                        court to collect this loan, and the creditor 
                        may not take or attempt to take an interest in 
                        any of your personal property to secure his 
                        loan.
            ``(3) Additional public disclosures.--A payday lender may 
        not make or refinance a payday loan to any consumer unless the 
        following notices are posted conspicuously in English and 
        Spanish and in not less than 1-inch bold print in the 
        creditor's public lending area in each loan store, or, if the 
        loan is made using the Internet, fax or other means, are posted 
        conspicuously on the creditor's public internet site relating 
        to any such payday loan:
                    ``(A) Warning.--This loan is not intended to meet 
                long-term financial needs. This loan should be used 
                only to meet short-term cash needs.
                    ``(B) Credit counseling availability.--You should 
                consider contacting an independent, nonprofit credit 
                counseling agency approved by the National Foundation 
                for Credit Counseling (NFCC) or by a State or Federal 
                Government agency. You may obtain information on how to 
                contact an approved counselor near you by calling the 
                National Foundation for Credit Counseling at 1-800-388-
                2227.
                    ``(C) No criminal prosecution or security 
                interest.--You cannot be prosecuted in criminal court 
                to collect this loan, and the creditor may not take or 
                attempt to take an interest in any of your personal 
                property to secure his loan.
            ``(4) Creditor surety bond requirements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A payday lender may not make or 
                refinance a payday loan unless the creditor has 
                obtained and filed, in accordance with subparagraph 
                (B), a surety bond in the following amount:
                            ``(i) A surety bond in the amount of 
                        $100,000 for each loan store operated by the 
                        creditor, if the creditor operates fewer than 
                        10 loan stores and does not offer any payday 
                        loans over the Internet.
                            ``(ii) A surety bond in the amount of 
                        $1,000,000, if the creditor operates 10 or more 
                        loan stores or offers loans over the Internet.
                            ``(iii) Such greater amount as may be 
                        required by applicable State law.
                    ``(B) Bond requirements.--The surety bond obtained 
                by a payday lender to meet the requirements of 
                subparagraph (A) shall be filed with, and for the 
                benefit of, the State attorney general in the 
                creditor's home state.
                    ``(C) Aggregation of lender and affiliate under 
                certain circumstances.--For purposes of this paragraph, 
                a creditor and each affiliate of a creditor which has 
                the same home State as the creditor may aggregate the 
                loan stores operated by such creditor and any such 
                affiliate for purposes of determining the amount of the 
                surety bond required to be filed under subparagraph 
                (A).
            ``(5) Extended payment plan.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A payday lender may not make or 
                refinance a payday loan unless the terms of the loan 
                require the creditor, upon receiving notice from the 
                consumer of an inability to repay prior to close of 
                business on the last business day before the original 
                due date of the loan, provides the consumer with notice 
                of and the right to opt into an extended payment plan, 
                without charge, 1 time in any 12 month period.
                    ``(B) Limitation during extended payment plan.--A 
                creditor may not engage in any collection activity (or 
                procure the services of any other for such purpose) 
                during the term of any extended payment plan.
            ``(6) Refinancing.--A payday lender may not--
                    ``(A) refinance a payday loan for less than 7 days;
                    ``(B) refinance a payday loan more than 2 
                consecutive times; refinance a payday loan without 
                terminating the previous agreement and entering into a 
                new agreement that the creditor and consumer each sign 
                in person or with an electronic signature; or
                    ``(C) require a consumer to pay interest and fees 
                in connection with a refinancing that, combined, total 
                more than the amount permitted under paragraph 
                (1)(B).''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Disclosures.--Section 128(a)(4) of the Truth in Lending 
        Act (U.S.C. 1638(a)(4)) is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``or'' after ``does not exceed 
                $5,'' and
                    (B) by inserting ``, or if the loan is subject to 
                section 129B''.
            (2) Effect on other laws.--Section 111 of the Truth in 
        Lending Act (U.S.C. 1610) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (b), by inserting ``subsection 
                (f) of this section and'' after ``Except as provided 
                in''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following new 
                subsection:
    ``(f) Payday Loans.--
            ``(1) In general.--The following provisions of the law of 
        any State shall not apply to any payday loan, or any 
        refinancing of a payday loan, that is subject to section 129B:
                    ``(A) Any provision requiring minimum loan terms.
                    ``(B) Any provision prohibiting, defining or 
                limiting any refinancing.
                    ``(C) Any provision prohibiting or limiting the use 
                of a check or debit authorization to originate a payday 
                loan.
                    ``(D) Any provision prohibiting or mandating 
                extended payment plans.
                    ``(E) Any provision limiting the rate or amount of 
                interest and fees or default, delinquency or not 
                sufficient fund fees or other charges which may be 
                taken, received or reserved by creditors for payday 
                loans or any refinancing of a payday loan.
            ``(2) Enforcement.--Notwithstanding paragraph (1), any 
        State may employ or establish State laws for the purpose of 
        enforcing the requirements of section 129B.''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 2 of the 
Truth in Lending Act is amended by inserting after the item relating to 
section 129 the following new items:

``129A. Fiduciary duty of servicers of pooled residential mortgages.
``129B. Protections for consumers.''.
[A]: Consumer Lending Education And Reform Act or the C.L.E.A.R. Act - Amends the Truth in Lending Act to limit the interest, fees and charges that a payday lender may require a consumer to pay with respect to an original payday loan and a refinanced payday loan.

Prohibits a payday lender from: (1) requiring a consumer to pay an origination fee for a payday loan that is refinanced; or (2) making or refinancing a payday loan unless the creditor has first provided the consumer with a copy of a written loan agreement, signed by the creditor and by the consumer, which includes specified information in English and in the language in which the loan was negotiated.

Requires a payday lender to file a surety bond.

Prohibits a payday lender from making or refinancing a payday loan unless the terms of the loan require the creditor, upon receiving notice of consumer's inability to repay, to provide the consumer with notice of and the right to opt into an extended payment plan, without charge, one time in any 12-month period.

Prohibits a creditor from engaging in any collection activity (or procuring the services of any other for such purpose) during the term of any extended payment plan.


[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Electronic Warfare Capabilities 
Enhancement Act of 2016''.

SEC. 2. FIELDING OF ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM WARFARE SYSTEMS AND 
              ELECTRONIC WARFARE CAPABILITIES.

    Funds authorized to be appropriated for electromagnetic spectrum 
warfare systems and electronic warfare may be used for the development 
and fielding of electromagnetic spectrum warfare systems and electronic 
warfare capabilities.

SEC. 3. INCLUSION OF ELECTRONIC WARFARE PROGRAMS IN THE RAPID 
              ACQUISITION AUTHORITY PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 806(c)(1) of the Bob Stump National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2003 (Public Law 107-314; 10 
U.S.C. 2302 note) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
subparagraph:
            ``(D)(i) In the case of any supplies and associated support 
        services that, as determined in writing by the Secretary of 
        Defense without delegation, are urgently needed to eliminate a 
        deficiency in electronic warfare that if left unfilled is 
        likely to result in critical mission failure, the loss of life, 
        property destruction, or economic effects, the Secretary may 
        use the procedures developed under this section in order to 
        accomplish the rapid acquisition and deployment of needed 
        offensive or defensive electronic warfare capabilities, 
        supplies, and associated support services.
            ``(ii) The Secretary of Defense shall ensure, to the extent 
        practicable, that for the purposes of electronic warfare 
        acquisition, the Department of Defense shall consider use of 
        the following procedures:
                    ``(I) The rapid acquisition authority provided 
                under this section.
                    ``(II) Use of other transactions authority provided 
                under section 2371 of title 10, United States Code.
                    ``(III) The acquisition of commercial items using 
                simplified acquisition procedures.
                    ``(IV) The authority for procurement for 
                experimental purposes provided under section 2373 of 
                title 10, United States Code.
            ``(iii) In this subparagraph, the term `electronic warfare' 
        means military action involving the use of electromagnetic and 
        directed energy to control the electromagnetic spectrum or to 
        attack the enemy, and includes electromagnetic spectrum 
        warfare, which encompasses military communications and sensing 
        operations that occur in the electromagnetic operational 
        domain.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--Section 2373 of title 10, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``and aeronautical 
        supplies'' and inserting ``, aeronautical supplies, and 
        electronic warfare''; and
            (2) by adding at the end of the following new subsection:
    ``(c) Electronic Warfare Defined.--The term `electronic warfare' 
means military action involving the use of electromagnetic and directed 
energy to control the electromagnetic spectrum or to attack the enemy, 
and includes electromagnetic spectrum warfare, which encompasses 
military communications and sensing operations that occur in the 
electromagnetic operational domain.''.

SEC. 4. AUTHORITY TO WAIVE THE JOINT REQUIREMENTS OVERSIGHT COUNCIL 
              (JROC) FOR CERTAIN ELECTRONIC WARFARE PROGRAMS.

    (a) Alternate Review.--The Secretary of Defense shall delegate to 
the Office of the Secretary of Defense's senior electronic warfare 
executive the authority to review and validate all Joint Capabilities 
Integration and Development System documents for electronic warfare 
acquisition programs notwithstanding section 181 of title 10, United 
States Code.
    (b) JROC Appeal.--The Joint Requirements Oversight Council may 
appeal to the Office of the Secretary of Defense to review any program 
through the normal Joint Capabilities Integration and Development 
System process.

SEC. 5. ELECTRONIC WARFARE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE REPORTS TO CONGRESS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 270 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Electronic Warfare Executive Committee shall 
submit to the congressional defense committees a strategic plan with 
measurable and timely objectives to achieve its mission according to 
the following metrics:
            (1) Progress on intra-service ground and air 
        interoperabilities.
            (2) Progress in streamlining the requirements, acquisition, 
        and budget process to further a rapid electronic warfare 
        acquisition process.
            (3) The efficiency and effectiveness of the acquisition 
        process for priority electronic warfare items.
            (4) The training methods and requirements of the military 
        services for training in contested electronic warfare 
        environments.
            (5) Capability gaps with respect to near-peer adversaries 
        identified pursuant to a capability gap assessment.
            (6) A joint strategy on achieving near real-time system 
        adaption to rapidly advancing modern digital electronics.
            (7) Progress on increasing innovative electromagnetic 
        spectrum warfighting methods and operational concepts that 
        provide advantages within the electromagnetic spectrum 
        operational domain.
    (b) Congressional Defense Committees Defined.--In this section, the 
term ``congressional defense committees'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the House of Representatives.
[A]: Electronic Warfare Capabilities Enhancement Act of 2016 This bill permits the use of appropriations authorized for electromagnetic spectrum warfare systems and electronic warfare in order to develop and field electromagnetic spectrum warfare systems and electronic warfare capabilities.  The Bob Stump National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2003 is amended to include electronic warfare programs in the rapid acquisition authority program. Electronic warfare is military action involving the use of electromagnetic and directed energy to control the electromagnetic spectrum or to attack the enemy, and includes electromagnetic spectrum warfare, which encompasses military communications and sensing operations that occur in the electromagnetic operational domain. The Department of Defense shall delegate to the senior electronic warfare executive the authority to review and validate all Joint Capabilities Integration and Development System documents for electronic warfare acquisition programs. The Electronic Warfare Executive Committee shall submit to the congressional defense committees a strategic plan with measurable and timely objectives to achieve its mission according to specified metrics.


[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Federal Courts of Appeals 
Modernization Act''.

SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT.

    There is established a Commission on Structural Alternatives for 
the Federal Courts of Appeals (in this Act referred to as the 
``Commission'').

SEC. 3. MEMBERSHIP.

    (a) Composition.--The Commission shall be composed of 5 members who 
shall be appointed by the Chief Justice of the United States.
    (b) Appointment.--The members of the Commission shall be appointed 
not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of this Act.
    (c) Vacancy.--Any vacancy in the Commission shall be filled in the 
same manner as the original appointment.
    (d) Chair.--The Commission shall elect a chair and vice chair from 
among its members.
    (e) Quorum.--Three members of the Commission shall constitute a 
quorum.

SEC. 4. DUTIES.

    The Commission shall--
            (1) study the present division of the United States courts 
        of appeals, with particular references to the United States 
        Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit; and
            (2) submit to the President and Congress a report on the 
        recommendations of the Commission with respect to changes in 
        circuit boundaries or structure as may be appropriate for the 
        expeditious and effective disposition of the caseload of the 
        United States courts of appeals, consistent with fundamental 
        concepts of fairness and due process.

SEC. 5. COMMISSION PERSONNEL MATTERS.

    (a) Compensation of Members.--Each member of the Commission who is 
not an officer or employee of the Federal Government shall be 
compensated at a rate equal to $300 for each day (including travel 
time) during which such member is engaged in the performance of the 
duties of the Commission. All members of the Commission who are 
officers or employees of the United States shall serve without 
compensation in addition to that received for their services as 
officers or employees of the United States.
    (b) Travel Expenses.--Each member of the Commission shall be 
allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, at 
rates not greater than those described in section 456 of title 28, 
United States Code.

SEC. 6. STAFF.

    (a) Executive Director.--The Commission may appoint an executive 
director who shall be compensated at a rate not greater than the daily 
equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay prescribed for a position at 
GS-15 of the General Schedule for each day (including travel time) 
during which the executive director is engaged in the performance of 
the duties of the Commission.
    (b) Staff.--The Executive Director, with the approval of the 
Commission, may appoint and fix the compensation of such additional 
personnel as the Executive Director determines necessary, without 
regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing 
appointments in the competitive service, and without regard to the 
provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title 
relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates, except that 
a rate of pay fixed under this subsection may not exceed the annual 
maximum rate of basic pay for a position above GS-15 of the General 
Schedule under section 5108 of title 5, United States Code.
    (c) Experts and Consultants.--The Executive Director may procure by 
contract the temporary or intermittent services of experts or 
consultants in accordance with section 3109 of title 5, United States 
Code, at rates for individuals that are not greater than the daily 
equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay for a comparable position 
paid under the General Schedule.
    (d) Services.--The Administrative Office of the United States 
Courts shall provide administrative services, including financial and 
budgeting services, to the Commission on a reimbursable basis. The 
Federal Judicial Center shall provide necessary research services to 
the Commission on a reimbursable basis.

SEC. 7. INFORMATION.

    The Commission is authorized to request from any department, 
agency, or independent instrumentality of the United States any 
information and assistance the Commission determines necessary to carry 
out its functions under this Act. Each such department, agency, and 
independent instrumentality is authorized to provide such information 
and assistance to the extent permitted by law when requested by the 
Chair of the Commission.

SEC. 8. STUDY AND REPORT.

    (a) Study.--Not later than the 10-month period beginning on the 
date on which a quorum of the Commission is present, the Commission 
shall conclude a study on the issues described in section 4(1).
    (b) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the date on which the 
period described in subsection (a) expires, the Commission shall submit 
to the President and Congress the report described in section 4(1).

SEC. 9. TERMINATION.

    The Commission shall terminate 90 days after the Commission submits 
the report described in section 8(b).

SEC. 10. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary 
not to exceed $1,000,000 to carry out this Act, to remain available 
until expended.
[A]:
Federal Courts of Appeals Modernization Act This bill establishes a Commission on Structural Alternatives for the Federal Courts of Appeals to: (1) study the present division of the U.S. courts of appeals, with particular references to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit; and (2) submit to the President and Congress recommendations for changes in circuit boundaries or structure for the expeditious and effective disposition of the caseload of such courts. The commission shall be composed of five members appointed by the Chief Justice of the United States.