Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Ex Input:
Context: Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) is an experimental dietary additive that might act as a creatine source in tissues with high-energy requirements. In this case study, we evaluated brain levels of creatine in white matter, gray matter, cerebellum, and thalamus during 8\xa0wk oral GAA administration in five healthy men and monitored the prevalence and severity of side effects of the intervention.', 'Volunteers were supplemented daily with 36\xa0mg/kg body weight (BW) of GAA for the first 4\xa0wk of the intervention; afterward GAA dosage was titrated ≤60\xa0mg/kg BW of GAA daily. At baseline, 4, and 8\xa0wk, the participants underwent brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy, clinical chemistry studies, and open-ended questionnaire for side-effect prevalence and severity.', 'Brain creatine levels increased in similar fashion in cerebellum, and white and gray matter after GAA supplementation, with an initial increase of 10.7% reported after 4\xa0wk, and additional upsurge (7.7%) from the weeks 4 to 8 follow-up (P\xa0<\xa00.05). Thalamus creatine levels decreased after 4\xa0wk for 6.5% (P\xa0=\xa00.02), and increased nonsignificantly after 8\xa0wk for 8% (P\xa0=\xa00.09). GAA induced an increase in N-acetylaspartate levels at 8-wk follow-up in all brain areas evaluated (P\xa0<\xa00.05). No participants reported any neurologic adverse event (e.g., seizures, tingling, convulsions) during the intervention.
Answer: Supplemental GAA led to a region-dependent increase of the creatine pool in the human brain. This might be relevant for restoring cellular bioenergetics in disorders characterized by low brain creatine and functional enzymatic machinery for creatine synthesis, including neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors, or cerebrovascular disease.

Ex Output:
Does dietary guanidinoacetic acid increase brain creatine levels in healthy men?


Ex Input:
Context: To analyze the effect of antiretroviral therapy, including drugs that have good penetration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), on neuropsychologic performance.', 'One hundred sixty-five HIV-1-infected patients exposed to a stable highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen were studied. Neuropsychologic examinations were performed for all patients.', "A total of 50.3% of patients were impaired. In multivariate analysis, older age (for 10-year increase, odds ratio [OR] = 4.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.2 to 10.4; P< 0.0001) and higher plasma HIV-1 RNA levels (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.1 to 3.2; P = 0.021) at testing were independently associated with an increased probability of impaired neurocognitive performance, whereas higher educational level was a protective factor (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.65 to 0.90; P=0.001). A significant linear correlation was observed between the neuropsychologic z score for 8 tests (NPZ8) score, a quantitative parameter of neurocognitive impairment, and CD4 cell count at neuropsychologic testing (R = 0.273, P = 0.001) and between the NPZ8 score and the patient's age (R = 0.288, P = 0.001).
Answer: Our study indicates that the use of stable HAART, including multiple drugs that have good CSF penetration, was not associated with neuropsychologic performance. To prevent independent replication of HIV in CSF with better control of a relevant reservoir of HIV is one of the crucial aims of therapeutic strategy.

Ex Output:
Do neuroactive antiretroviral drugs influence neurocognitive performance in less advanced HIV-infected patients responding to highly active antiretroviral therapy?


Ex Input:
Context: Bone graft to reconstruct the temporomandibular joint for ankylosis patient is effective. This study used three-dimensional measurement to evaluate the effect between free coronoid process graft (CPG) and costochondral graft (CCG) in the temporomandibular joint reconstruction.', 'Patients treated with CPG or CCG from 2011 to 2014 were included in the study. Postoperative computed tomography scan data within 1 week and during at least 6 months follow-up after operation were imported into Proplan CMF 1.4 software (Materialize, Belgium) for three-dimensional reconstruction and measurement. Heights of the mandibular ramus were measured and compared between the 2 groups. Maximum mouth opening and occlusion were also evaluated and compared before and after operation.', 'Ten patients with 15 reconstructed joints were included in the study. In the CPG group, the decrease of ramus height was 5.4 mm after a mean follow-up period of 16.8 months (ranged from 6 to 22 months), whereas in the CCG group, it was 2.4 mm after a mean follow-up period of 14.4 months (ranged from 6 to 30 months). There was significant difference of ramus height decrease between the CPG group and the CCG group (P < 0.05). Maximum mouth opening was significantly increased after operation than before in both groups (P < 0.05). Open bite happened in 4 of 5 patients in the CPG group, and 1 of 5 patients in the CCG group.
Answer: CPG has higher frequency of a malocclusion secondary to resorption than CCG for the ramus reconstruction.

Ex Output:

Do a Comparison of the Effect Between Coronoid Process Graft and Costochondral Graft in the Reconstruction of Temporomandibular Joint?