TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: This country's Mar Chiquita is northeast of its second-largest city. Its capital city contains a planetarium named after Galileo and the 9th of July Avenue, which honors this country's independence day. Its province of Corrientes is separated from the Chaco province by the Parana River, and it is home to the Mapuche tribes, which inhabit its eastern pampas and Patagonia regions. The tallest mountain in this country as well as the entire Western and Southern Hemispheres, is Aconcagua. For 10 points, name this South American country claiming sovereignty over the Falkland Islands, with capital Buenos Aires.

SOLUTION: Social Science

PROBLEM: Koussevitsky commissioned this man to write his Symphony for Organ and Orchestra. He wrote an opera that opens with the arrival of Laurie Moss' graduation gown. Three ascending notes in the brass open a work by this man that debuted at tax time. He quoted folk songs like "Camptown Races" in a work that incorporates spoken-word readings of texts like the Gettysburg Address. He used themes from the Shaker hymn "Simple Gifts" for ballet choreographed by Martha Graham. Another of his ballets contains a "Hoe Down. " He composed Fanfare for the Common Man and the ballets Rodeo and Billy the Kid. For 10 points, name this composer of Appalachian Spring.

SOLUTION: Fine Arts

PROBLEM: This philosopher was called a "parcel of atoms jumbled together by chance," in a work that attacked him, Dialogues of the Living and the Dead. As a response to Defence of True Liberty from Antecedent and Extrinsecall Necessity, this man published a work that sided with the leader of the English Arminians, Archbishop William Laud. One of this philosopher's works discusses a Confederacy of Deceivers, and caused debate with John Bramhall. In addition to writing about The Kingdom of Darkness in the fourth part of that work, this philosopher labels aristocracy, democracy and monarchy as three types of commonwealth, in which the latter is the most desirable, because life is a war of all against all. For ten points, name this pessimistic philosopher that labeled life as solitary, poor, short, nasty and brutish, the English author of Leviathan.

SOLUTION:
Social Science