Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[EX Q]: Context: Chronic HIV/HCV co-infection carries increased risk of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. Due to anti-inflammatory properties, HMG co-A inhibitors (statins) may be useful adjunctive therapy to reduce liver disease progression.', 'Clinical information was extracted from the Veterans Affairs HIV and HCV Clinical Case Registries (1999 - 2010). HIV-related variables included combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART) era of diagnosis, CD4 cell count, and percent time with undetectable HIV viral load. Metabolic variables included diabetes, low-HDL, and hypertension. Statin use was measured as percent time with active prescription (time-updated throughout the follow-up period). Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to determine risk factors for cirrhosis (ICD-9 or APRI>2) overall and in groups stratified by alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level above and below 40\u200aIU/L.', 'The cohort included 5985\u200aHIV/HCV co-infected veterans. The majority was black race, and the mean age at index date was 45 years. Statin use was significantly protective of cirrhosis for patients with ALT ≤40\u200aIU/L; for every 30% increase in time on statin, there was a 32% decreased risk of developing cirrhosis (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.47 -0.98). Diabetes and low-HDL were significantly associated with cirrhosis in patients with ALT > 40\u200aIU/L (HR 1.15, p\u200a<\u200a0.04 and HR 1.3, p\u200a<\u200a0.0001).
Answer: Statin drug use is beneficial in mitigating the risk of liver disease progression for HIV/HCV co-infected patients without advanced liver disease. Low-HDL and diabetes in co-infected patients with abnormal ALT have greater risk of cirrhosis development.
[EX A]: Do statin drugs decrease progression to cirrhosis in HIV/HCV co-infected individuals?

[EX Q]: Context: High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is more sensitive than standard C-reactive protein (CRP) assay in evaluating the risk of coronary heart disease and other atherosclerotic events. By this time, there are several reports that type 2 diabetic subjects have higher serum levels of hsCRP than those of non-diabetic subjects. However, there are few reports about factors which have influence upon the level of serum hsCRP in type 2 diabetic subjects. We had evaluated the association of serum hsCRP level with risk factors of cardiovascular diseases and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in type 2 diabetic subjects.', 'One hundred and five patients (59 men and 46 women) with type 2 diabetes were recruited. Subjects with severe cardiovascular diseases were excluded. All subjects were undergone carotid ultrasonography for evaluation of carotid IMT. Serum hsCRP concentrations were measured.', 'Serum hsCRP level was correlated with mean left IMT (r = 0.366, P = 0.003), maximal left IMT (r = 0.370, P = 0.002), mean right IMT (r = 0.281, P = 0.023) and maximal right IMT (r = 0.370, P = 0.002), body mass index (r = 0.377, P < 0.001), waist circumference (r = 0.342, P < 0.001), waist-hip ratio (r = 0.229, P = 0.020), serum total cholesterol (r = 0.202, P = 0.024), serum triglyceride (r = 0.292, P = 0.022) and serum low-density lipoprotein (r = 0.133, P = 0.044).
Answer: Our result shows that serum hsCRP level is correlated with carotid IMT and the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases and may be useful to predict accelerated atherosclerotic process in type 2 diabetic subjects.
[EX A]: Is serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein associated with carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes?

[EX Q]: Context: Subclinical hypercortisolism (SH) is suggested to exert a deleterious effect on bone. This effect and the role of gonadal status in male subjects are not fully elucidated. We evaluated bone mineral density (BMD) and prevalence of vertebral fractures in eugonadal male subjects with adrenal incidentalomas (AI) and without SH.', 'This 12-month observational multicentre study was performed between January and December 2006 on inpatient basis in three referral Italian centres.', 'Eighty-eight consecutive eugonadal male patients with AI and 90 matched control subjects were studied.', 'All subjects underwent the determination of BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN), and spinal radiograph. In AI patients SH was diagnosed in the presence of two of the following: urinary free cortisol > 193.1 nmol/l, cortisol after 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test > 82.8 nmol/l, ACTH levels < 2.2 pmol/l.', 'As compared to patients without SH (SH-, n = 66) and controls, patients with SH (SH+, n = 22) had lower BMD at LS (Z-score: SH+, -1.04 +/- 1.84; SH-, 0.19 +/- 1.34, Controls 0.20 +/- 1.28, P = 0.001 and FN (Z-score: SH+, -0.63 +/- 1.01; SH-, 0.01 +/- 1.01, Controls 0.26 +/- 1.06, P = 0.002) and higher prevalence of fractures (SH+, 72.7%; SH-, 21.2%, Controls 20.0%, P = 0.0001). Multivariable analyses showed that SH was associated to BMD at LS (beta = -0.378, P = 0.0001) and vertebral fractures (OR = 7.81, 95% CI 1.96-31.17, P = 0.004).
Answer: In eugonadal male patients with AI, SH is associated with low BMD and high prevalence of vertebral fractures.
[EX A]:
Do eugonadal male patients with adrenal incidentalomas and subclinical hypercortisolism have increased rate of vertebral fractures?