In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

[Q]: In topological insulators, one version of this effect gives rise to a defect-resistant current induced by spin-orbit coupling. In graphene, this effect is shifted by one half, giving rise to an anomalous minimum of the relevant quantity, which can allow for ballistic transport. A more complex version of it was discovered in gallium arsenide and can be explained by Laughlin quasiparticles; this is referred to as the fractional version. This effect can be understood in terms of partial filling of Landau levels and has characteristic "plateaus", and it yields numbers called filling factors. Discovered by Klaus von Klitzing when studying a two-dimensional electron gas, for 10 points, identify this effect in which conductivity in a strong magnetic field is quantized.
[A]: Science


[Q]: The Clausius-Clapeyron equation assumes the change in this to be zero. Because this quantity is most useful when the substance in question is both isothermal and isobaric, a different quantity is used for explosive substances. An equation partially due to the namesake of this quantity gives the temperature dependence of this quantity for an ideal gas. A zero change in this quantity for a system implies that the system is in equilibrium, but a negative value for this quantity implies that a reaction is spontaneous. One may derive this by utilizing the Legendre transform on the internal energy of a system. For ten points, name this state function named for its American inventor, which measures the maximum amount of work attainable from a system, defined as enthalpy minus the product of temperature and entropy.
[A]: Science


[Q]: One legend about this mythological figure credits him with founding the Isthmian Games in honor of Palaemon, the deified spirit of his nephew Melicertes. Another myth states that one of the missing Pleiades was his wife, who was disgraced to be married both to a mortal and, it would turn out, a criminal. Robert Graves states that at the origin of the most famous story about him is iconography depicting his original status as a solar deity, noting that his name which seems to contain the root word meaning "wise" and was given to him as the all-wise sun god. That myth describes his wife Merope playing a significant part, by obeying his request not to bury him, allowing him to escape Hades to go and correct her. Condemned, according to legend, as much to keep him busy as to avenge his telling Asopus that Zeus had kidnapped his daughter Aegina, for 10 points, name this mythological figure eternally rolling a stone to the top of a hill which falls back down just before reaching the top.
[A]:
Social Science