In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.

Ex Input:
Electron microscopy (EM) allows fast visualization of viruses in a wide range of clinical specimens. Viruses are grouped into families based on their morphology. Viruses from various families look distinctly and these morphological variances are the basis for identification of viruses by EM. The identification to the family level is often sufficient for the clinician or recognition of an unknown infectious agent. Diagnostic EM has two advantages over enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and nucleic acid amplification tests. After a simple and fast negative staining, EM allows fast morphological identification and differential diagnosis of infectious agents contained in the specimen without the need for special considerations and/or reagents. Nevertheless, EM has the disadvantage of being unsuitable as a screening method. Abbreviations CSF cerebrospinal fluid PBS phosphate-buffered saline ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay PCR polymerase chain reaction EM electron microscopy PTA phosphotungstic acid IEM immune electron microscopy SARS severe acute respiratory syndrome NAT nucleic acid amplification (techniques) SPIEM solid phase immune electron microscopy NRL/ELM

Ex Output:
The Role of Electron Microscopy in the Rapid Diagnosis of Viral Infections -review and Foreign Cell in Clinical Specimens CONTENTS


Ex Input:
Community-ARI and inpatient-ARI was also combined with mild and severe cases of influenza from a historical prospective study as mild-ARI and severe-ARI respectively to evaluate the performance of clinical case definitions. We analysed 130 community-ARI and 140 inpatient-ARI episodes (5 inpatient-ARI excluded because multiple pathogens were detected), involving 138 and 207 samples respectively. Detection by PCR declined with days post-onset for influenza virus; decrease was faster for community-ARI than for inpatient-ARI. No such patterns were observed for noninfluenza respiratory virus infections. PathChip added substantially to viruses detected for community-ARI only. Clinical case definitions discriminated influenza from other mild-ARI but performed poorly for severe-ARI and for older participants. Rational strategies for diagnosis and surveillance of influenza and other respiratory virus must acknowledge the differences between ARIs presenting in community and hospital settings.

Ex Output:
Detection of viral respiratory pathogens in mild and severe acute respiratory infections in Singapore To investigate the performance of laboratory methods and clinical case definitions in detecting the viral pathogens for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) from a prospective community cohort and hospital inpatients, nasopharyngeal swabs from cohort members reporting ARIs (community-ARI) and inpatients admitted with ARIs (inpatient-ARI) were tested by Singleplex Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (SRT-PCR), multiplex RT-PCR (MRT-PCR) and pathogen-chip system (PathChip) between OPEN


Ex Input:
Keywords critical care; acute respiratory distress syndrome; refractory hypoxemia; rescue therapy; editorial Since the first description of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in 1967 (1), the scientific community has strived to elucidate effective treatments for this clinical entity. Despite the extensive work that has emerged over decades, we continue to lack effective treatments for this syndrome. It continues to be associated with significant mortality, most recently estimated as high as 44% (2). To date, the most widely accepted effective intervention with a significant impact on mortality is low tidal volume ventilation (3). A category of therapies receiving recent attention is a group termed "rescue therapies", named such for their role in treating hypoxemia that is refractory to standard management strategies for ARDS. These include high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV), inhaled epoprostenol and nitric oxide, prone position ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Traditionally, these are interventions reserved for patients whose hypoxemia progresses despite recognition and treatment of ARDS. Intensivists generally agree these different therapies rapidly improve oxygenation, but no clear consensus exists on whether or not they improve mortality (4-7).

Ex Output:

The Ongoing Challenge of Evaluating Rescue Therapies in ARDS NIH Public Access