Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Input: Consider Input: To explore the role of SCF/c-Kit signaling in the invasion of bladder cancer T24 cells.', 'Western blotting was used to detect the expression of c-Kit and PI3K pathway activation stimulated by stem cell factor (SCF) in T24 cells. The invasiveness of T24 cells before and after SCF stimulation and Wortmannin (aspecific PI3K inhibitor) treatment was evaluated using Transwell invasion assay (direct and indirect counting methods).', 'T24 cells expressed c-Kit protein and showed obvious Akt phosphorylation after stimulation with SCF (1 ng/ml) for 24 h. Compared to the control group, SCF stimulation (1 ng/ml) caused a greater number of T24 cells to migrate through the polycarbonate film (P<0.01), and this effect was blocked by the application of Wortmannin before the stimulation.

Output: 1


Input: Consider Input: Diagnosis of partial anomalous pulmonary venous return is usually suspected by echocardiography and often confirmed by cardiac catheterization. Magnetic resonance imaging is a powerful non-invasive diagnostic tool that can give accurate insight on systemic and pulmonary veins, cardiac anatomy and physiopathology.', 'To test the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance in patient with suspected partial anomalous pulmonary venous return.', 'Twenty consecutive patients (10 male, mean age: 27+/-20 years) with suspected partial anomalous pulmonary venous return underwent a magnetic resonance study comprehensive of Gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography and phase-velocity-contrast in order to evaluate pulmonary and systemic venous anatomy and QP/QS. In 14 of them a cardiac catheterization was also performed. Anatomy findings and QP/QS result of both exams were compared. Sixteen patients underwent surgical correction. In the other four patients with QP/QS<1.5, surgical correction was not indicated according to the literature (1). Among patients who had both magnetic resonance and cardiac catheterization (14 patients) anatomical findings were concordant in 12 of them. In all operated patients, surgical findings were concordant with MRI report. There was a good correlation between magnetic resonance and cardiac catheterization QP/QS evaluation (mean value 2.23 and 2.4, respectively).

Output: 1


Input: Consider Input: Potential xenozoonosis is a concern for the clinical application of xenotransplantation. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is one of the most important pathogens in allotransplantation, but the consequences of HCMV cross-species infection of porcine xenografts are unknown. Therefore, we investigated the effects of HCMV infection of porcine endothelial cells (pEC) on cell surface molecule expression and human leukocyte recruitment.', 'Infection of pEC inoculated with untreated, UV-inactivated, or heparin-treated HCMV at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1 was analyzed by immediate early (IE) antigen expression. Cell surface receptor expression was studied by flow cytometry on pEC bulk cultures and differentially on IE-positive and -negative pEC. Adhesion of human leukocytes was tested on pEC monolayers. pEC supernatants were analyzed for cytokine content, chemotactic activity, and stimulatory effect on resting secondary pEC cultures.', 'At day 2 postinfection, IE staining was evident in 10% to 20% of HCMV-infected cells. Cell-surface expression of E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) was upregulated in both IE-negative and -positive fractions of HCMV-infected pEC. In contrast, porcine major histocompatibility complex class I expression was upregulated in IE-negative cells, but reduced in IE-positive cells. The receptor alterations in the IE-negative fraction were mediated by pEC-derived soluble factors. The increased adhesion receptor expression was paralleled by enhanced human leukocyte chemotaxis and adhesion to infected pEC cultures. Pretreatment of HCMV with heparin, but not UV-inactivation, prevented adhesion-receptor modulation and reversed the increased adhesion and chemotaxis.


Output: 0