This task involves creating questions from a given passage that involve some kind of complex reasoning (including numerical reasoning). 
The generated questions must require looking at more than one part of the passage to answer. Try to use a variety of reasoning types in your questions (some of the sample reasoning types are illustrated in the 'positive examples' field) and also have a variety of answer types (spans, numbers, dates). A span is a continuous phrase taken directly from the passage or question. In such questions, the answer spans are recommended to be five words. Questions with answer type "number", are expected to start with "How many". For instance, "How long did an event last?" can be phrased as "How many years did an event last?". To increase diversity, try to create more questions for which the answer will be multiple spans. Please create questions that require AT LEAST 2 arithmetic operations as illustrated in the 'positive examples' field. You are encouraged to try DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS of operations and not just limit to the combinations shown in those examples. The more challenging questions you create, the better it is.

Example Input: Passage: Over the centuries, Weimar remained a small town of less than 5,000 inhabitants. When it became the capital of Saxe-Weimar in 1572, population growth was stimulated and population increased from 3,000 in 1650 to 6,000 in 1750. Around the year 1800, Weimar had 7,000 inhabitants. Their number grew constantly over the years to 13,000 in 1850, 28,000 in 1900 and 35,000 at the beginning of World War I. During the interwar period, the new capital of Thuringia saw a population boom, which led to 65,000 inhabitants in 1940. Since that time, the population levels have stagnated. The years 2009 to 2012 brought a moderate growth of approximately 0.35% p. a., whereas the population in bordering rural regions is shrinking with accelerating tendency. Suburbanization played only a small role in Weimar. It occurred after the reunification for a short time in the 1990s, but most of the suburban areas were situated within the administrative city borders.
Example Output: Between 1750 and 1900, how many residents did Weimar gain?

Example Input: Passage: Another 18-inning contest was played between the Atlanta Braves and the Houston Astros on October 9, 2005. In the 4th game of a 2005 National League Division Series at Minute Maid Park in Houston, Texas, the Braves (who were trailing the series two games to one and facing elimination) took a 6-1 lead into the 8th inning. A grand slam (baseball) by Lance Berkman in the bottom of the 8th brought the score to 6-5, and with two outs in the bottom of the 9th, Brad Ausmus homered to tie the game and send it to extra innings. The score remained deadlocked at 6-6 until the 18th, when the Astros Chris Burke (baseball) (who entered the game in the 9th inning as a pinch runner) homered to left field to win the game and send Houston to the 2005 National League Championship Series against the St. Louis Cardinals. Roger Clemens, who was brought in to pinch hitter in the 15th and pitched the last three innings in relief, was credited as the winning pitcher in the 5-hour, 50-minute contest. Adam LaRoche and Tim Hudson played in both 18-inning games. This one as Atlanta Braves and the other one as opposing sides of one another with Hudson pitching in both games as the visiting teams starting pitcher. It is the longest winner in a potential clinching game in baseball history.
Example Output: How many innings was the game deadlocked for?

Example Input: Passage: Amedeo and Claude officially separated from each other 20 July 1976. They received a civil divorce 26 April 1982, and an ecclesiastical annulment from the Roman Rota 8 January 1987. Amedeo remarried to Silvia Paternò di Spedalotto later that year. Claude remarried twice: civilly in 1982 with Arnaldo La Cagnina , and both civilly and religiously with Enrico Gandolfi . Enrico died on 27 October 2015 in Laterina.
Example Output:
How many times inall was Claude married?