In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
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Question: SECTION 1. AMENDMENT TO MAKE CHAPTER 12 OF TITLE 11, UNITED STATES 
              CODE, PERMANENT.

    (a) Reenactment.--Chapter 12 of title 11, United States Code, as 
reenacted by section 149 of division C of the Omnibus Consolidated and 
Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999 (Public Law 105-277), 
and amended by this Act, is reenacted.
    (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect on April 1, 
1999.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--Section 302 of the Bankruptcy, Judges, 
United States Trustees, and Family Farmer Bankruptcy Act of 1986 (28 
U.S.C. 581 note) is amended by striking subsection (f).

SEC. 2. FAMILY FISHERMEN.

    (a) Definitions.--Section 101 of title 11, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) by inserting after paragraph (7) the following:
            ``(7A) `commercial fishing operation' includes--
                    ``(A) the catching or harvesting of fish, shrimp, 
                lobsters, urchins, seaweed, shellfish, or other aquatic 
                species or products; and
                    ``(B) aquaculture activities consisting of raising 
                for market any species or product described in 
                subparagraph (A);'';
            ``(7B) `commercial fishing vessel' means a vessel used by a 
        fisherman to carry out a commercial fishing operation;'';
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (19) the following:
            ``(19A) `family fisherman' means--
                    ``(A) an individual or individual and spouse 
                engaged in a commercial fishing operation--
                            ``(i) whose aggregate debts do not exceed 
                        $1,500,000 and not less than 80 percent of 
                        whose aggregate noncontingent, liquidated debts 
                        (excluding a debt for the principal residence 
                        of such individual or such individual and 
                        spouse, unless such debt arises out of a 
                        commercial fishing operation), on the date the 
                        case is filed, arise out of a commercial 
                        fishing operation owned or operated by such 
                        individual or such individual and spouse; and
                            ``(ii) who receive from such commercial 
                        fishing operation more than 50 percent of such 
                        individual's or such individual's and spouse's 
                        gross income for the taxable year preceding the 
                        taxable year in which the case concerning such 
                        individual or such individual and spouse was 
                        filed; or
                    ``(B) a corporation or partnership--
                            ``(i) in which more than 50 percent of the 
                        outstanding stock or equity is held by--
                                    ``(I) 1 family that conducts the 
                                commercial fishing operation; or
                                    ``(II) 1 family and the relatives 
                                of the members of such family, and such 
                                family or such relatives conduct the 
                                commercial fishing operation; and
                            ``(ii)(I) more than 80 percent of the value 
                        of its assets consists of assets related to the 
                        commercial fishing operation;
                            ``(II) its aggregate debts do not exceed 
                        $1,500,000 and not less than 80 percent of its 
                        aggregate noncontingent, liquidated debts 
                        (excluding a debt for 1 dwelling which is owned 
                        by such corporation or partnership and which a 
                        shareholder or partner maintains as a principal 
                        residence, unless such debt arises out of a 
                        commercial fishing operation), on the date the 
                        case is filed, arise out of a commercial 
                        fishing operation owned or operated by such 
                        corporation or such partnership; and
                            ``(III) if such corporation issues stock, 
                        such stock is not publicly traded;''; and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (19A) the following:
            ``(19B) `family fisherman with regular annual income' means 
        a family fisherman whose annual income is sufficiently stable 
        and regular to enable such family fisherman to make payments 
        under a plan under chapter 12 of this title;''.
    (b) Who May Be a Debtor.--Section 109(f) of title 11, United States 
Code, is amended by inserting ``or family fisherman'' after ``family 
farmer''.
    (c)  Chapter 12.--Chapter 12 of title 11, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in the chapter heading, by inserting ``OR FISHERMAN'' 
        after ``FAMILY FARMER'';
            (2) in section 1201, by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, for purposes 
of this subsection, a guarantor of a claim of a creditor under this 
section shall be treated in the same manner as a creditor with respect 
to the operation of a stay under this section.
    ``(2) For purposes of a claim that arises from the ownership or 
operation of a commercial fishing operation, a co-maker of a loan made 
by a creditor under this section shall be treated in the same manner as 
a creditor with respect to the operation of a stay under this 
section.'';
            (3) in section 1203, by inserting ``or commercial fishing 
        operation'' after ``farm'';
            (4) in section 1206, by striking ``if the property is 
        farmland or farm equipment'' and inserting ``if the property is 
        farmland, farm equipment, or property of a commercial fishing 
        operation (including a commercial fishing vessel)''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 1232. Additional provisions relating to family fishermen
    ``(a)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, except as 
provided in subsection (c), with respect to any commercial fishing 
vessel of a family fisherman, the debts of that family fisherman shall 
be treated in the manner prescribed in paragraph (2).
    ``(2)(A) For purposes of this chapter, a claim for a lien described 
in subsection (b) for a commercial fishing vessel of a family fisherman 
that could, but for this subsection, be subject to a lien under 
otherwise applicable maritime law, shall be treated as an unsecured 
claim.
    ``(B) Subparagraph (A) applies to a claim for a lien resulting from 
a debt of a family fisherman incurred on or after the date of enactment 
of this chapter.
    ``(b) A lien described in this subsection is--
            ``(1) a maritime lien under subchapter III of chapter 313 
        of title 46, United States Code, without regard to whether that 
        lien is recorded under section 31343 of title 46, United States 
        Code; or
            ``(2) a lien under applicable State law (or the law of a 
        political subdivision thereof).
    ``(c) Subsection (a) shall not apply to--
            ``(1) a claim made by a member of a crew or a seaman 
        including a claim made for--
                    ``(A) wages, maintenance, or cure; or
                    ``(B) personal injury; or
            ``(2) a preferred ship mortgage that has been perfected 
        under subchapter II of chapter 313 of title 46, United States 
        Code.
    ``(d) For purposes of this chapter, a mortgage described in 
subsection (c)(2) shall be treated as a secured claim.''.
    (d) Clerical Amendments.--
            (1) Table of chapters.--In the table of chapters for title 
        11, United States Code, the item relating to chapter 12, is 
        amended to read as follows:

``12. Adjustments of Debts of a Family Farmer or Family         1201''.
                            Fisherman with Regular Annual 
                            Income.
            (2) Table of sections.--The table of sections for chapter 
        12 of title 11, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
        end the following new item:

``1232. Additional provisions relating to family fishermen.''.

Answer: Amends the Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999 to reenact permanently chapter 12 of the Federal Bankruptcy Code (Adjustments of Debts of a Family Farmer). 
Amends Federal bankruptcy provisions to include family fishermen as authorized debtors. 
Requires a guarantor of a claim of a creditor to be treated in the same manner as a creditor with respect to the operation of a stay under such provisions.  Treats, with respect to the ownership or operation of a commercial fishing operation, a co-maker of a loan made by a creditor in the same manner as a creditor with respect to such a stay. 
Includes a commercial fishing operation under provisions concerning debtor rights and powers. 
Treats a claim for a lien for a commercial fishing vessel of a family fisherman as an unsecured claim.  States that such treatment shall not apply to: (1) a claim made by a crewmember or seaman for wages or personal injury; or (2) a preferred ship mortgage that has been perfected under provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code.


Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Diverse Teachers Recruitment Act of 
2010''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Department of Education statistics reveal a lack of 
        diversity among public schoolteachers. During the school year 
        of 2007 through 2008, an estimated 83.1 percent of public 
        schoolteachers were Caucasian, while 7.1 percent were Latino, 7 
        percent were African-American, and 1.2 percent were Asian. Of 
        all public schoolteachers, 24.1 percent were male and 75.9 
        percent were female.
            (2) Some experts believe the lack of diversity can leave 
        students in underrepresented groups without role models to whom 
        they can relate, which may lead to poorer performance in the 
        classroom. Statistics show that students in some 
        underrepresented groups have lower standardized test scores and 
        lower graduation rates.
            (3) Teacher demographics should better reflect those of the 
        population as a whole, ensuring that students have role models 
        from diverse backgrounds and racial and ethnic groups and of 
        different genders.

SEC. 3. RECRUITMENT, TRAINING, AND RETENTION OF TEACHERS FROM 
              UNDERREPRESENTED GROUPS.

    (a) In General.--Title II of the Elementary and Secondary Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6601 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end 
the following new part:

    ``PART E--RECRUITMENT, TRAINING, AND RETENTION OF TEACHERS FROM 
                        UNDERREPRESENTED GROUPS

``SEC. 2501. GRANT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Authorization.--From amounts appropriated under section 2505, 
the Secretary shall make grants on a competitive basis to eligible 
entities for recruiting, training, and retaining individuals from 
underrepresented groups as teachers at public elementary schools and 
secondary schools.
    ``(b) Eligibility.--The Secretary may only make a grant under 
subsection (a) to an eligible entity that--
            ``(1) serves schools that have difficulty recruiting, 
        training, and retaining individuals from underrepresented 
        groups as teachers; and
            ``(2) submits an application at such time, in such form, 
        and containing such information and assurances as the Secretary 
        may require, including--
                    ``(A) a description of how the activities the 
                eligible entity carries out with grant funds will 
                ensure the recruitment, training, and retention of a 
                significant number of individuals from underrepresented 
                groups; and
                    ``(B) a description of the difficulty recruiting, 
                training, and retaining individuals from 
                underrepresented groups experienced by the schools 
                served by the eligible entity.
    ``(c) Priority.--In making grants under subsection (a), the 
Secretary shall give priority to--
            ``(1) local educational agencies (or consortia of local 
        educational agencies) that serve the most high-need schools; 
        and
            ``(2) local educational agencies (or consortia of local 
        educational agencies) that serve schools with the highest 
        percentages of minority individuals in their student 
        populations.
    ``(d) Matching Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may not make a grant to an 
        eligible entity under subsection (a) unless the eligible entity 
        agrees that, with respect to the costs to be incurred by the 
        eligible entity in carrying out the activities for which the 
        grant is awarded, the eligible entity will make available non-
        Federal contributions in an amount equal to not less than 10 
        percent of the Federal funds provided under the grant.
            ``(2) Satisfying matching requirement.--The non-Federal 
        contributions required under paragraph (1) may be--
                    ``(A) in cash or in-kind, including services, 
                fairly evaluated; and
                    ``(B) from--
                            ``(i) any private source; or
                            ``(ii) a State educational agency or local 
                        educational agency.
            ``(3) Waiver.--The Secretary may waive or reduce the non-
        Federal contribution required by paragraph (1) if the eligible 
        entity involved demonstrates that it cannot meet the 
        contribution requirement due to financial hardship.

``SEC. 2502. REPORTS TO SECRETARY.

    ``An eligible entity receiving a grant under section 2501(a) shall 
submit to the Secretary not later than 90 days after the end of each 
school year in which the entity receives grant funds a report that 
contains--
            ``(1) a description of the activities for which the entity 
        used grant funds during such school year;
            ``(2) data concerning, with respect to the schools served 
        by the entity--
                    ``(A) the number of individuals from 
                underrepresented groups that began teaching during such 
                school year;
                    ``(B) the retention rate of teachers who are 
                individuals from underrepresented groups;
                    ``(C) in the case of the report covering the last 
                school year in which the entity receives grant funds, 
                indicators of student academic achievement during such 
                school year as compared with previous school years, 
                disaggregated, if possible, by the achievement of--
                            ``(i) economically disadvantaged students;
                            ``(ii) students from major racial groups;
                            ``(iii) students with disabilities; and
                            ``(iv) students with limited English 
                        proficiency;
                    ``(D) student graduation rates for the school year 
                covered by the report as compared with previous school 
                years, if applicable in the case of the schools served 
                by the entity; and
                    ``(E) student attendance rates for the school year 
                covered by the report as compared with previous school 
                years; and
            ``(3) a description of and data regarding such 
        characteristics of the schools served by the entity, and the 
        students of such schools, as the Secretary considers 
        appropriate, including the number and percentage of students in 
        each of the groups listed in clauses (i) through (iv) of 
        paragraph (2)(C).

``SEC. 2503. BEST PRACTICES INFORMATION CLEARINGHOUSE.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall evaluate the success of the 
activities carried out by eligible entities using grant funds received 
under section 2501(a) and compile a database of best practices for 
recruiting, training, and retaining individuals from underrepresented 
groups as public elementary and secondary school teachers. The 
Secretary shall make such database available to eligible entities 
(regardless of whether such entities have received grants under such 
section) through an Internet Web site.
    ``(b) Funds Available.--Of the amounts appropriated to carry out 
this part for a fiscal year, the Secretary may use not more than 10 
percent to carry out this section during such fiscal year.

``SEC. 2504. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this part, the following definitions apply:
            ``(1) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means--
                    ``(A) a local educational agency (or consortium of 
                local educational agencies); or
                    ``(B) an entity that--
                            ``(i) has entered into a partnership with a 
                        local educational agency (or consortium of 
                        local educational agencies) in which the local 
                        educational agency (or consortium of local 
                        educational agencies) is the primary partner; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) is a private nonprofit organization, 
                        educational service agency, institution of 
                        higher education, or State educational agency.
            ``(2) High-need high school.--The term `high-need high 
        school' means a secondary school--
                    ``(A) in which the entering grade of the school is 
                not lower than grade 9 and that includes grade 12; and
                    ``(B) that has a graduation rate of not more than 
                65 percent in each of the 2 academic years prior to the 
                submission of the grant application.
            ``(3) High-need middle school.--The term `high-need middle 
        school' means a secondary school--
                    ``(A) in which the entering grade is not lower than 
                grade 6 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 
                9; and
                    ``(B) from which not less than 35 percent of the 
                students who complete such school enroll in a high-need 
                high school.
            ``(4) High-need school.--The term `high-need school' means 
        a public school, including a charter school (as such term is 
        defined in section 5210(1))--
                    ``(A) in which not less than 40 percent of the 
                enrolled students are eligible to receive free or 
                reduced price lunches under section 9(b) of the Richard 
                B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 
                1758(b)); or
                    ``(B) that is a high-need high school or a high-
                need middle school.
            ``(5) Individual from an underrepresented group.--The term 
        `individual from an underrepresented group' means an individual 
        who is a member of a racial group or gender that has 
        historically been underrepresented among teachers in public 
        primary and secondary schools in the United States.
            ``(6) Minority individual.--The term `minority individual' 
        means an individual who is a member of a racial group that has 
        historically been underrepresented among teachers in public 
        primary and secondary schools in the United States.

``SEC. 2505. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part 
such sums as are necessary for fiscal years 2010 through 2015.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents in section 2 of the 
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 is amended by adding 
after the item related to section 2441 the following:

     Part E--Recruitment, Training, and Retention of Teachers From 
                        Underrepresented Groups

Sec. 2501. Grant program.
Sec. 2502. Reports to Secretary.
Sec. 2503. Best practices information clearinghouse.
Sec. 2504. Definitions.
Sec. 2505. Authorization of appropriations.

Answer: Diverse Teachers Recruitment Act of 2010 - Amends the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to direct the Secretary of Education to award competitive matching grants to local educational agencies (LEAs) or nonprofits, educational service agencies, institutions of higher education, or states that enter into partnerships with such LEAs, for recruiting, training, and retaining individuals from underrepresented groups as public elementary and secondary school teachers.

Gives priority to LEAs that serve the most high-need schools and those that serve schools with the highest percentages of minorities in their student bodies.

Requires the Secretary to evaluate the success of the grantees and compile a database of best practices for recruiting, training, and retaining individuals from underrepresented groups as public elementary and secondary school teachers.


Question: SECTION 1. TRANSFER TO A PRIVATE CORPORATION.

    (a) In General.--In accordance with the plan prescribed under 
section 3, all right, title, and interest of the United States in and 
to all property of the Postal Service shall be transferred to a 
corporation if, within 1 year after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, such corporation satisfies the requirements set forth in section 
2.
    (b) Specific Requirement.--The plan prescribed under section 3 
shall include such provisions as may be necessary to ensure that no 
payment shall be required in consideration for any rights or assets of 
the Postal Service which are transferred pursuant to this Act.

SEC. 2. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE CORPORATION.

    (a) In General.--A corporation shall be considered to satisfy the 
requirements of this section if such corporation--
            (1) is incorporated under the laws of a State;
            (2) is not a department, agency, or establishment of the 
        United States;
            (3) is incorporated by not more than 9 individuals who are 
        especially qualified to establish and operate an effective mail 
        system by virtue of their education, training, or experience, 
        and who are chosen by the employees of the Postal Service in an 
        election which shall be held at such time and in such manner as 
        the President shall by regulation prescribe;
            (4) includes among its purposes the delivery of postal 
        services in a manner consistent with section 101(b) of title 
        39, United States Code, at rates established in a manner 
        consistent with section 101(d) of such title;
            (5) issues securities in a manner consistent with 
        subsection (b); and
            (6) satisfies such other requirements as the President may 
        by regulation prescribe in order to carry out the purposes of 
        this Act.
    (b) Securities.--Any securities issued by the corporation--
            (1) shall, during the 1-year period beginning on the date 
        of the enactment of this Act, be issued--
                    (A) only to employees of the Postal Service;
                    (B) under a system (as developed under section 4) 
                which provides that securities shall be issued to 
                individuals based on their years of service and levels 
                of compensation; and
                    (C) subject to such terms and conditions, including 
                terms and conditions relating to the sale, transfer, or 
                other disposition of such securities following their 
                issuance by the corporation, as may be necessary to 
                promote the retention of well-qualified personnel; and
            (2) may, after the end of that period, be offered for sale 
        to members of the general public under such terms and 
        conditions as the corporation considers appropriate.
    (c) Retirement Benefits.--Retirement benefits provided to employees 
of the corporation must be comparable to those which would have been 
afforded to those individuals as employees of the Postal Service had 
this Act not been enacted.

SEC. 3. TRANSFER PLAN; PRESIDENTIAL DETERMINATION; RATE-SETTING 
              AUTHORITY.

    (a) Transfer Plan.--Not later than the sixtieth day after the date 
on which a corporation first satisfies the requirements of section 2, 
as determined under subsection (b), the President shall, in conformance 
with the requirements of section 1, and after consultation with the 
commission under section 4, transmit to Congress--
            (1) a comprehensive plan providing for the orderly transfer 
        of all property subject to this Act, including a timetable 
        under which such transfer is completed not later than 180 days 
        after the date on which such corporation first satisfies such 
        requirements; and
            (2) such recommendations for legislation as the President 
        considers necessary in order to carry out the plan described in 
        paragraph (1), including recommendations--
                    (A) for the abolishment of the Postal Service;
                    (B) for the continuation of the private express 
                statutes with respect to the corporation during the 
                first 5 years of its existence; and
                    (C) for the repeal or modification of appropriate 
                Federal statutes.
    (b) Presidential Determination.--The President shall, for purposes 
of this section, determine the date on which a corporation first 
satisfies the requirements of section 2.
    (c) Rate-Setting Authority.--After consulting with the Postal Rate 
Commission, the President shall develop and include as part of the 
recommendations submitted under subsection (a) proposals relating to 
the means by which rates of postage would be established during the 5-
year period referred to in subsection (a)(2)(B). Such recommendations 
may include continuing any operations of the Postal Rate Commission 
(whether on a modified basis or otherwise) which may be appropriate.

SEC. 4. POSTAL PRIVATIZATION COMMISSION.

    (a) Establishment.--In order to carry out the functions set forth 
in sections 2(b)(1)(B) and 3(a), there is established a commission to 
be known as the ``Postal Privatization Commission''.
    (b) Membership.--The Commission shall consist of 12 members, to be 
selected by the President, of whom--
            (1) 3 shall be selected from among individuals recommended 
        jointly by the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the 
        President pro tempore of the Senate;
            (2) 3 shall be selected to represent the interests of 
        employees of the Postal Service;
            (3) 3 shall be selected to represent the interests of 
        postal management; and
            (4) 3 shall be selected from such other postal experts as 
        the President considers appropriate.
    (c) Compensation.--
            (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), 
        members of the Commission shall be paid at the daily equivalent 
        of a rate, not to exceed the rate of basic pay payable for 
        level IV of the Executive Schedule, for each day (including 
        travel time) during which they are engaged in the performance 
        of duties of the Commission.
            (2) Exception.--Members of the Commission who are full-time 
        officers or employees of the United States shall receive no 
        additional pay by reason of their service on the Commission.
    (d) Termination.--The Commission shall cease to exist as of the 
date on which the work of the Commission has been completed.

SEC. 5. DEFINITIONS.

    For purposes of this Act--
            (1) the term ``Postal Service'' means the United States 
        Postal Service and the Postal Rate Commission;
            (2) the term ``property'', when used with respect to the 
        Postal Service, means all assets and rights, and all 
        liabilities and obligations, of the Postal Service; and
            (3) the term ``State'' means each of the several States, 
        the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.

Answer:
Provides for the transfer of the United States Postal Service to a private corporation. 
Directs the President to transmit to the Congress:  (1) a comprehensive plan providing for the transfer of property subject to this Act; and (2) recommendations for legislation as necessary. 
Establishes the Postal Privatization Commission to:  (1) carry out functions relating to the issuance of securities to postal employees; and (2) consult with the President on the transfer.