In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

[EX Q]: see scott, supra at 352; commonwealth v. ruffin, 475 mass. 1003, 1004 (2016).
[EX A]: non-overruling

[EX Q]: plaintiff's motion should have been denied, since the new evidence that plaintiff submitted in support of renewal, a loan document purporting to reduce the interest rate to the legal rate in the event of a finding of usury, would not change the prior determination that the loan was criminally usurious (see bakhash v winston, 134 ad3d 468 [1st dept 2015]; cplr 2221[e][2]).
[EX A]: non-overruling

[EX Q]: to the extent they are inconsistent with views expressed in this opinion hamm v. city of santa ana, supra, 273 cal.app.2d 84 and people v. marsh, supra, 30 cal.app. 424 are disapproved.
[EX A]:
overruling