instruction:
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
question:
G. rigescens Franch (Long Dan Cao in Chinese) is a well-known TCM herb. It is clinically used with other drugs for the treatment of brain diseases such as epilepsy, postherpetic neuralgia in China.', 'In our previous study, the 11 dihydroxybenzoates compounds with NGF mimicking activity from G. rigescens Franch were found. In the present study, the neurogenesis and neuroprotection of a mixture of benzoates (\xa0n-GS) were investigated in animal level.', 'The NGF mimicking activity of n-GS from G. rigescens Franch was examined in PC12 cells. The neurogenesis effects of n-GS were investigated in ICR mice with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and neuronal neclei (NeuN) double immunostaining. Furthermore, the neuroprotection effects of n-GS on the memory in a scopolamine (SCO)-induced mouse model were evaluated with animal behavior tests.', "The NGF-mimicking function and neurogenesis of n-GS were observed in PC12 cells and in normal mice. Subsequently, we investigated the effects of n-GS on the memory in a SCO-induced mouse model. In Y-maze test, SCO significantly lowered the alternation. This finding was reversed by n-GS and donepezil (DONE). SCO significantly impaired the mice's performance in novel object recognition (NOR) and Morris water maze (MWM) tests. The time spent to explore the novel object was longer in the n-GS- and DONE-treated groups than in the SCO control group. In the MWM test, the escape latency of n-GS- and DONE-treated groups was shorter than that of the SCO control group. Mechanism study showed that SCO significantly reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) but increased the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, which all can be improved by n-GS and DONE. Additionally, the phosphorylation of type 1 insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) receptor, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and cAMP responsive element-binding (CREB) protein in the hippocampus was significantly up-regulated in the treatment group compared with that in the SCO group.
answer:
Does benzoate fraction from Gentiana rigescens Franch alleviate scopolamine-induced impaired memory in mice model in vivo?


question:
To correlate cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) disease aggressiveness with peripheral blood biomarkers hypothesized mechanistically.', 'A prospective case-control study enrolled 43 CCM patients, where 25-(OH) vitamin D, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol, CRP plasma levels and leukocyte ROCK activity were correlated with parameters of disease aggressiveness reflecting chronic and acute domains.', 'Patients with one or more features of chronically aggressive disease (early age at symptom onset, two or more symptomatic bleeds, high lesion burden) had significantly lower 25-(OH) vitamin D and non-HDL cholesterol levels in comparison to patients without these features.
answer:
Do peripheral plasma vitamin D and non-HDL cholesterol reflect the severity of cerebral cavernous malformation disease?


question:
Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction is often found in the early stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and deteriorates with disease progression. CD4 lymphocyte count and opportunistic infection are the major indicators for the clinical staging of HIV infection. This study investigated the association of these indicators with LV dysfunction in the clinical course of HIV infection.', 'HIV-positive patients without cardiac manifestations consecutively admitted from May 1998 to April 1999 were enrolled in the study. Echocardiographic LV function evaluation and measurement of CD4 lymphocyte count were performed. Parameters for LV systolic and diastolic functions were compared between patients with CD4 lymphocyte count >or= 200/microL and those with CD4 < 200/microL. In patients with CD4 < 200/microL, LV function was further correlated with the presence or absence of opportunistic infections.', 'Ninety eight HIV-positive patients including 52 with CD4 >or= 200/microL and 46 with CD4 < 200/microL were studied. One half of the 46 patients with CD4 < 200/microL had active opportunistic infections. We found that LV fractional shortening, ejection fraction, and isovolumic relaxation time were all significantly lower in the patients with CD4 < 200/microL compared with those with CD4 >or= 200/microL. Moreover, these LV systolic and diastolic dysfunctions were positively correlated with decreased CD4 lymphocyte count. In contrast, no difference was found in these parameters between patients with and without opportunistic infections. In multiple regression analysis, CD4 lymphocyte count was found to be the only factor for predicting the LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction.
answer:

Is left ventricular dysfunction associated with CD4 lymphocyte count rather than opportunistic infection in human immunodeficiency virus infection?