Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Q: Limited knowledge exists about the value of tumor size in surgically treated cervical cancer (CX) using a tumor size of 2 cm as cut-off value.', 'A total of 366 cases of CX FIGO stage IB who received upfront surgery were evaluated regarding tumor size, the prediction of pelvic lymph node involvement, and recurrence-free and overall survival during a median follow-up time of 94 months. Tumors ≤2.0 cm were defined as small, tumors 2.1-4.0 cm as medium sized and those larger than 4 cm as bulky disease.', 'Small tumors were seen in 28.7%, medium sized in 52.5% and bulky tumors in 18.9%. There was a significant higher frequency of pelvic lymph node involvement with increasing tumor size (13.3% vs. 23.4% vs. 43.5%, respectively; p<0.001) and an increase of recurrent disease (6.7% vs. 18.8% vs. 29.4%, respectively; p<0.001). The 5-year overall survival rate was significantly reduced with increasing tumor size (94.0% vs. 85.1% vs. 69.9%, respectively; p<0.001). Pelvic lymph node involvement and maximal tumor size were independent prognostic factors for both recurrence-free and overall survival in multivariate analysis.

A: 1
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Q: The ability of Yersinia pestis to form a biofilm is an important characteristic in flea transmission of this pathogen. Y. pestis laterally acquired two plasmids (pPCP1and pMT1) and the ability to form biofilms when it evolved from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) are thought to play a crucial role in the processes of biofilm formation and pathogenesis.', 'A pPCP1-derived sRNA HmsA (also known as sR084) was found to contribute to the enhanced biofilm formation phenotype of Y. pestis. The concentration of c-di-GMP was significantly reduced upon deletion of the hmsA gene in Y. pestis. The abundance of mRNA transcripts determining exopolysaccharide production, crucial for biofilm formation, was measured by primer extension, RT-PCR and lacZ transcriptional fusion assays in the wild-type and hmsA mutant strains. HmsA positively regulated biofilm synthesis-associated genes (hmsHFRS, hmsT and hmsCDE), but had no regulatory effect on the biofilm degradation-associated gene hmsP. Interestingly, the recently identified biofilm activator sRNA, HmsB, was rapidly degraded in the hmsA deletion mutant. Two genes (rovM and rovA) functioning as biofilm regulators were also found to be regulated by HmsA, whose regulatory effects were consistent with the HmsA-mediated biofilm phenotype.

A: 0
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Q: Family-centered rounds (FCR) are defined as interdisciplinary bedside teaching rounds with active family participation. The objective of this study was to examine the association of FCR with family experiences and health services use.', 'Prospective study comparing families with a child admitted to general pediatric inpatient services with and without FCR. The presence of FCR elements was assessed before study enrollment. Study data were obtained by an in-person interview, a follow-up phone interview <1 week after discharge, and medical record review. Family outcomes were informed by Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems measures. Health service use outcomes included hour of discharge, number of medications, and overall charges. Primary analyses included χ(2) and multivariate regression. Secondary analyses by using propensity score matching were performed to account for differences on observed variables.', 'A total of 140 of 203 eligible families were enrolled; 97 completed follow-up surveys (49 on FCR team). Compared with non-FCR, FCR families were more likely to report consistent medical information (P < .001), the option of discussing care plan (P < .001), doctors listening carefully (P < .01), and doctors showing respect (P < .001). No differences were found in number of medications (mean 2.4 vs 2.9, P = .26) or discharge time (mean 3:06 pm versus 2:43 pm, P = .39). No difference was found for hospital charges after adjusting for length of stay outliers.

A:
0
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