instruction:
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
question:
High urine volume enhances urinary free cortisol (UFF) and cortisone (UFE) excretion rates in normal-weight adults and children. Renal excretion rates of glucocorticoids (GC) and their metabolites are frequently altered in obesity. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether UFF and UFE excretion is also affected by urine volume in severely obese subjects.', 'In 24-h urine samples of 59 extremely obese subjects (mean BMI 45.3+/-8.9 kg/m(2)) and 20 healthy lean subjects (BMI 22.1+/-1.8 kg/m(2)), UFF and UFE, tetrahydrocortisol (THF), 5alpha-tetrahydrocortisol (5alpha-THF), and tetrahydrocortisone (THE) were quantified by RIA. The sum of THF, 5alpha-THF, and THE (GC3), the three major GC metabolites, reflects daily cortisol secretion. 11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11beta-HSD2) activity was assessed by the ratio UFE/UFF. Daily GC excretion rates were corrected for urine creatinine and adjusted for gender and body weight.', 'In extremely obese subjects, urine volume was significantly associated with creatinine-corrected UFE and 11beta-HSD2 activity after adjustment for gender and BMI (r=0.47, p=0.0002 and r=0.31, p=0.02, respectively). However, urine volume was not associated with creatinine-corrected UFF and GC3 (p=0.4 and p=0.6, respectively). In lean controls, urine volume was significantly associated with creatinine-corrected UFE and UFF (r=0.58, p=0.01 and r=0.55, p=0.02, respectively), whereas urine volume was not associated with 11beta-HSD2 activity after appropriate adjustment (p=0.3).
answer:
Is urinary free cortisone , but not cortisol , associated with urine volume in severe obesity?


question:
The purpose of this study is to determine whether chiropractic manipulation is associated with any measurable changes in the difference between the arterial blood pressures on the left and right before and after treatment in normotensive subjects.', 'A nonrandomized, matched pair, controlled clinical trial, with the treatment (manipulation) group and control (resting) group matched for age and sex, was performed in chiropractic student clinics in London, UK. The treatment group consisted of 35 new patients presenting to a single student chiropractor between the start of April 2003 and the end of August 2003. The control group consisted of 35 nonpatients matched for sex and age. The intervention was chiropractic manipulation. Preintervention and postintervention systolic and diastolic blood pressures were recorded in both arms through the use of a digital oscillometric sphygmomanometer.', "A significant difference was found between the pre- and posttreatment blood pressure differences for systolic pressures (P = .01), but no significant difference was found in either set of control data or the treatment diastolic values. A significant difference was also found between the treatment and control group's preintervention systolic differences (P = .002), but not between the groups at any other time.
answer:
Does chiropractic manipulation affect the difference between arterial systolic blood pressures on the left and right in normotensive subjects?


question:
Genome-wide association studies have identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms at the 10q11 locus as risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI). This locus lies upstream (∼80\u200akb) of the stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1) gene that codify for a chemokine with protective atherogenetic effects and with a major role in the mobilization, homing, and differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible association of SDF1-3'A polymorphism, that upregulates SDF1 protein expression, with MI and early endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in young healthy subjects.", "200 patients (181 men age 57.3\u200a±\u200a7.7 years) and 230 healthy controls (96 men, age 52\u200a±\u200a11.9 years) were recruited to investigate the association between MI and SDF1-3'A polymorphism. The relationship between SDF1-3'A polymorphism and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation and the number of circulating EPCs was examined in 50 healthy young adults.", "A significant difference in SDF1-3'A genotype distribution was observed between patients and controls (P\u200a=\u200a0.006). Patients carrying the A allele had a significantly reduced MI risk compared with subjects with GG genotype (odds ratio\u200a=\u200a0.5, 95% CI\u200a=\u200a0.3-0.9, P\u200a=\u200a0.001). SDF1-3'A polymorphism presented a significant interaction with other cardiovascular risk factors (Pinteraction\u200a<\u200a0. 0001). Controls carrying the A allele showed significantly higher flow-mediated dilation (13.9\u200a±\u200a4.9 vs 10.8\u200a±\u200a4.3, P\u200a=\u200a0.03) and significantly higher values of EPCs (0.029\u200a±\u200a0.009 vs 0.022\u200a±\u200a0.008, P\u200a=\u200a0.02) compared with GG homozygotes.
answer:

Is stromal cell-derived factor-1-3 ' A polymorphism associated with decreased risk of myocardial infarction and early endothelial disturbance?