instruction:
In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling
question:
of the twenty-one jurisdictions referred to by the court as applying the rule, six have since expressly overruled their earlier decisions on which this court relied: massachusetts (to the extent of automobile liability insurance), minnesota, new jersey, new york, pennsylvania, and virginia (in automobile accident litigation only).
answer:
overruling


question:
accordingly, the majority opinion in city of new orleans v. state, 364 so.2d 1020 (la. 1978), which was already undermined, is disapproved to the extent that it is inconsistent with the present opinion and other decisions of this court.
answer:
overruling


question:
thus, to the extent that the decisions of this court in carney v. moody, supra and in fireman's fund ins. v. government emp. ins., ky., 635 s.w.2d 475 (1982), are in conflict with our decision in this case, they are overruled.
answer:

overruling