instruction:
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
question:
Nanoparticles (NPs) in contact with biological fluids become covered by a tightly bound layer of proteins, the "protein corona", and it is largely accepted that this corona gives a new identity to NPs in biological milieu. We here consider the exposing scenario of NPs through an environmental route exemplified by the use of hydrophobins, highly adhesive proteins that are secreted into the environment in large quantities by fungi. HFBII of Trichoderma reesei has been used as a model protein and we have shown strong binding to polystyrene NPs of different sizes and surface groups. Hydrophobin coated NPs are shown to strongly increase the stability and the dispersion when exposed to human plasma compared to pristine ones particles. It is also shown that the presence of hydrophobin on the NPs results in an attenuated protein corona formation, in a different corona composition, and we also show that hydrophobin remained strongly associated to the NPs in competition with plasma proteins. As a conclusion we therefore suggest that the route of exposure of nanoparticles strongly affects their surface properties and their possible physiological behavior.
answer:
Does an environmental route of exposure affect the formation of nanoparticle coronas in blood plasma?


question:
To determine whether obese patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery within an enhanced recovery program had worse short-term outcomes.', 'A prospective study of consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal resection was carried out between 2008 and 2011 in a single institution. Patients were divided in groups based on body mass index (BMI). Short-term outcomes including operative data, length of stay, complications and readmission rates were recorded and compared between the groups. Continuous data were analysed using t-test or one-way Analysis of Variance. χ(2) test was used to compare categorical data.', 'Two hundred and fifty four patients were included over the study period. The majority of individuals (41.7%) recruited were of a healthy weight (BMI < 25), whilst 50 patients were classified as obese (19.6%). Patients were matched in terms of the presence of co-morbidities and previous abdominal surgery. Obese patients were found to have a statistically significant difference in The American Society of Anesthesiologists grade. Length of surgery and intra-operative blood loss were no different according to BMI.
answer:
Do obese patients have similar short-term outcomes to non-obese in laparoscopic colorectal surgery?


question:
The purpose of this study was to determine whether cycling time trial (TT) performance differs between hypobaric hypoxia (HH) and normobaric hypoxia (NH) at the same ambient PO2 (93\xa0mmHg, 4,300-m altitude equivalent).', 'Two groups of healthy fit men were matched on physical performance and demographic characteristics and completed a 720-kJ time trial on a cycle ergometer at sea level (SL) and following approximately 2\xa0h of resting exposure to either HH (n\u2009=\u20096, 20\u2009±\u20092\xa0years, 75.2\u2009±\u200911.8\xa0kg, mean\u2009±\u2009SD) or NH (n\u2009=\u20096, 21\u2009±\u20093\xa0years, 77.4\u2009±\u20098.8\xa0kg). Volunteers were free to manually increase or decrease the work rate on the cycle ergometer. Heart rate (HR), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were collected every 5\xa0min during the TT, and the mean was calculated.', 'Both groups exhibited similar TT performance (min) at SL (73.9\u2009±\u20097.6 vs. 73.2\u2009±\u20098.2), but TT performance was longer (P\u2009<\u20090.05) in HH (121.0\u2009±\u200912.1) compared to NH (99.5\u2009±\u200918.1). The percent decrement in TT performance from SL to HH (65.1\u2009±\u200923.6%) was greater (P\u2009<\u20090.05) than that from SL to NH (35.5\u2009±\u200913.7%). The mean exercise SaO2, HR, and RPE during the TT were not different in HH compared to NH.
answer:

Is cycling performance decrement greater in hypobaric versus normobaric hypoxia?