Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Ex Input:
Vulvovaginitis has a known association with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in girls. We hypothesize that vulvovaginitis is a major contributor to UTIs in prepubertal girls by increasing periurethral colonization with uropathogens.', 'Periurethral swabs and urine specimens were obtained from a total of 101 girls (58 with vulvovaginitis and 43 without vulvovaginitis). Specimens were cultured for bacterial growth. The dominant organism in the periurethral swabs and urine cultures was recorded and antibiotic sensitivity profiles were compared.', 'Periurethral swabs from children with vulvovaginitis were associated with a statistically significant increase in uropathogenic bacteria (79% Enterococcus species or Escherichia coli) as the dominant culture compared with swabs from girls without vaginitis (18%) (p\u2009<\u20090.05). In children with vulvovaginitis, 52% of the urine cultures were positive for UTIs, and the dominant organism in the urine cultures matched the species and antibiotic sensitivity profile of the corresponding periurethral swab. Only 11% of the urine cultures from girls without vulvovaginitis were positive for UTIs.

Ex Output:
0


Ex Input:
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is a group of inherited peripheral neuropathies associated with mutations or copy number variations in over 70 genes encoding proteins with fundamental roles in the development and function of Schwann cells and peripheral axons. Here, we used iPSC-derived cells to identify common pathophysiological mechanisms in axonal CMT.', 'iPSC lines from patients with two distinct forms of axonal CMT (CMT2A and CMT2E) were differentiated into spinal cord motor neurons and used to study axonal structure and function and electrophysiological properties in vitro.', 'iPSC-derived motor neurons exhibited gene and protein expression, ultrastructural and electrophysiological features of mature primary spinal cord motor neurons. Cytoskeletal abnormalities were found in neurons from a CMT2E (NEFL) patient and corroborated by a mouse model of the same NEFL point mutation. Abnormalities in mitochondrial trafficking were found in neurons derived from this patient, but were only mildly present in neurons from a CMT2A (MFN2) patient. Novel electrophysiological abnormalities, including reduced action potential threshold and abnormal channel current properties were observed in motor neurons derived from both of these patients.

Ex Output:
1


Ex Input:
The high number of nuclear cells (NCs) from hematopoietic progenitor cells-apheresis (HPC-A) requires cryopreservation in large volumes or at high NC concentrations. The effect of NC concentration during cryopreservation has yet to be examined.', 'In the experimental arm (n = 610, Protocol B), the first HPC-A sample from the patient was cryopreserved in two cryobags and subsequent collections in one cryobag, resulting in high NC concentrations (>100 x 10(6) NCs/mL) in most cases. The effect of NC concentrations at freezing in NC recovery after thawing and engraftment kinetics was analyzed and compared with a group of HPC-A cryopreserved at standard NC concentrations (n = 455, Protocol A).', 'The mean (SD) NC concentration at freezing was 78 (28) x 10(6) per mL (median, 82 x 10(6)/mL; range, 12 x 10(6)-156 x 10(6)/mL) and 183 (108) x 10(6) per mL (median, 156 x 10(6)/mL; range, 16 x 10(6)-678 x 10(6)/mL), for HPC-A cryopreserved according to Protocols A and B, respectively. The NC viabilities of the test vials and HPC-A components after thawing were 88 percent versus 85 percent and 85 percent versus 82 percent, and the cloning efficiency was 49 percent versus 33 percent for Protocols A and B, respectively (p < 0.001). Significant differences were not observed in the recovery of NCs. Days to neutrophil and platelet engraftment were not different between patients transplanted in the standard- (n = 143) or high-cell-concentration group (n = 238).

Ex Output:

0