Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.
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Question: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of season of diagnosis on the outcome of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). In this study, we included curatively treated DLBCL (n = 5875) and HL (n = 1693) patients, diagnosed between 2000 and 2011, based on data from the Swedish Lymphoma Register.', 'Overall survival was significantly better for patients diagnosed with DLBCL during the summer months, but not for patients diagnosed with HL. The difference remained in a multivariable analysis adjusted for age, stage, performance status, number of extra nodal sites and year of diagnosis (HR 1.08; 95% CI 1.02-1.14, P = 0.0069). When analyzing the DLBCL patients according to gender in the multivariable model, the effect of season was shown to be restricted to male patients (HR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.01-1.17, P = 0.0269.

Answer: 1


Question: Endothelial Microparticles (EMP) are small fragments of endothelial cell membrane shed during apoptosis or activation. Our group has previously reported elevations of EMP in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), pre-eclampsia, multiple sclerosis (MS), and severe hypertension (HTN). In the present study, we evaluate the possible relationship between EMP levels and the angiographic severity and characteristics of coronary obstructive lesions.', 'We studied a total of 43 patients undergoing coronary angiography. Fifteen had presented with acute myocardial infarction (MI), 20 with unstable anginas (UA), 5 with stable angina (SA) and 3 with congestive heart failure. Coronary angiography was reviewed and coronary lesions were classified using the Ambrose classification. Coronary stenoses were classified as high and low risk. High-risk included lesions with eccentric appearance (type II), presence of thrombi, or multiple irregularities. Low-risk lesions were defined as concentric or type I. Lesions were also analyzed by degree of stenosis and history of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). EMP in plasma was assayed by flow cytometry.', 'EMP in eccentric type II or multiple irregular lesions (high-risk) were 2.5-fold higher than in type I or concentric (low-risk) lesions, p<0.05. Lesions with thrombi had three-fold higher EMP than those without (p=0.05). Mild stenosis (>20%-<45%) had three-fold higher EMP than more severe (>45%), and five-fold higher than those without stenosis (p<0.01). Among patients with type II lesions, those with first ACS episode had four-fold higher EMP levels than those with recurrent ACS (p<0.01).

Answer: 0


Question: Circadian control of behavior and physiology is a central characteristic of all living organisms. The master clock in mammals resides in the hypothalamus, where the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) synchronizes daily rhythms. A variety of recent evidence indicates that the neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is critical for normal functioning of the SCN. The aim of our study was to examine the possible role of VIP in driving circadian rhythms in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.', 'Circulating ACTH and corticosterone concentrations were determined by round-the-clock sampling under diurnal and circadian conditions. The responsive aspects of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis were tested by application of acute stress by footshock and light.', 'We demonstrate that the circadian rhythms in ACTH and corticosterone are lost in VIP-deficient mice. The ability of light to induce a corticosterone response was also compromised in the mutant mice, as was photic induction of Per1 in the adrenal glands. In contrast, the acute stress response was apparently unaltered by the loss of VIP.

Answer:
1