In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Fracturing Regulations are Effective 
in State Hands Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds that--
            (1) hydraulic fracturing is a commercially viable practice 
        that has been used in the United States for more than 60 years 
        in more than 1,000,000 wells;
            (2) the Ground Water Protection Council, a national 
        association of State water regulators that is considered to be 
        a leading groundwater protection organization in the United 
        States, released a report entitled ``State Oil and Natural Gas 
        Regulations Designed to Protect Water Resources'' and dated May 
        2009 finding that the ``current State regulation of oil and gas 
        activities is environmentally proactive and preventive'';
            (3) that report also concluded that ``[a]ll oil and gas 
        producing States have regulations which are designed to provide 
        protection for water resources'';
            (4) a 2004 study by the Environmental Protection Agency, 
        entitled ``Evaluation of Impacts to Underground Sources of 
        Drinking Water by Hydraulic Fracturing of Coalbed Methane 
        Reservoirs'', found no evidence of drinking water wells 
        contaminated by fracture fluid from the fracked formation;
            (5) a 2009 report by the Ground Water Protection Council, 
        entitled ``State Oil and Natural Gas Regulations Designed to 
        Protect Water Resources'', found a ``lack of evidence'' that 
        hydraulic fracturing conducted in both deep and shallow 
        formations presents a risk of endangerment to ground water;
            (6) a January 2009 resolution by the Interstate Oil and Gas 
        Compact Commission stated ``The states, who regulate 
        production, have comprehensive laws and regulations to ensure 
        operations are safe and to protect drinking water. States have 
        found no verified cases of groundwater contamination associated 
        with hydraulic fracturing.'';
            (7) on May 24, 2011, before the Oversight and Government 
        Reform Committee of the House of Representatives, Lisa Jackson, 
        the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, 
        testified that she was ``not aware of any proven case where the 
        fracking process itself has affected water'';
            (8) in 2011, Bureau of Land Management Director Bob Abbey 
        stated, ``We have not seen evidence of any adverse effect as a 
        result of the use of the chemicals that are part of that 
        fracking technology.'';
            (9)(A) activities relating to hydraulic fracturing (such as 
        surface discharges, wastewater disposal, and air emissions) are 
        already regulated at the Federal level under a variety of 
        environmental statutes, including portions of--
                    (i) the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 
                U.S.C. 1251 et seq.);
                    (ii) the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f et 
                seq.); and
                    (iii) the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.); 
                but
            (B) Congress has continually elected not to include the 
        hydraulic fracturing process in the underground injection 
        control program under the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 
        300f et seq.);
            (10) in 2011, the Secretary of the Interior announced the 
        intention to promulgate new Federal regulations governing 
        hydraulic fracturing on Federal land;
            (11) a February 2012 study by the Energy Institute at the 
        University of Texas at Austin, entitled ``Fact-Based Regulation 
        for Environmental Protection in Shale Gas Development'', found 
        that ``[n]o evidence of chemicals from hydraulic fracturing 
        fluid has been found in aquifers as a result of fracturing 
        operations''; and
            (12) on October 1, 2014, the Ground Water Protection 
        Council and State Oil and Gas Regulatory Exchange released a 
        report entitled ``State Oil and Gas Regulations Designed to 
        Protect Water Resources'' that describes the cutting edge of 
        State-based oil and gas regulations, concluding that ``In step 
        with dramatic industry growth over the past five years, states 
        have substantially improved groundwater protection laws and 
        regulations governing oil and natural gas production.''.

SEC. 3. DEFINITION OF FEDERAL LAND.

    In this Act, the term ``Federal land'' means--
            (1) public lands (as defined in section 103 of the Federal 
        Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1702));
            (2) National Forest System land;
            (3) land under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of 
        Reclamation; and
            (4) land under the jurisdiction of the Corps of Engineers.

SEC. 4. STATE AUTHORITY.

    (a) In General.--A State shall have the sole authority to 
promulgate or enforce any regulation, guidance, or permit requirement 
regarding the treatment of a well by the application of fluids under 
pressure to which propping agents may be added for the expressly 
designed purpose of initiating or propagating fractures in a target 
geologic formation in order to enhance production of oil, natural gas, 
or geothermal production activities on or under any land within the 
boundaries of the State.
    (b) Federal Land.--The treatment of a well by the application of 
fluids under pressure to which propping agents may be added for the 
expressly designed purpose of initiating or propagating fractures in a 
target geologic formation in order to enhance production of oil, 
natural gas, or geothermal production activities on Federal land shall 
be subject to the law of the State in which the land is located.
[A]: Fracturing Regulations are Effective in State Hands Act  This bill gives states the sole authority to promulgate or enforce any regulation, guidance, or permit requirement regarding hydraulic fracturing on or under any land within their boundaries. Hydraulic fracturing or fracking is a process to extract underground resources such as oil or gas from a geologic formation by injecting water, a propping agent (e.g., sand), and chemical additives into a well under enough pressure to fracture the geological formation. Hydraulic fracturing on federal land must comply with the law of the state in which the land is located.


[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Reducing Lead in Drinking Water 
Act''.

SEC. 2. REDUCING LEAD IN DRINKING WATER.

    (a) Definition of Lead Service Line.--Section 1401 of the Safe 
Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f) is amended by adding at the end the 
following new paragraph:
            ``(17) Lead service line.--The term `lead service line' 
        means a service line that is not lead free (within the meaning 
        of section 1417).''.
    (b) Replacing Lead Service Lines.--Section 1417 of the Safe 
Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300g-6) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:
    ``(f) Replacing Lead Service Lines.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' 
                means--
                            ``(i) an owner or operator of a public 
                        water system;
                            ``(ii) a qualified nonprofit organization, 
                        as determined by the Administrator; or
                            ``(iii) a municipality or a State, 
                        interstate, or intermunicipal agency.
                    ``(B) Lead pipe replacement program.--The term 
                `lead pipe replacement program' means a project or 
                activity the primary purpose of which is to eliminate 
                lead in water for human consumption by--
                            ``(i) replacing lead service lines;
                            ``(ii) testing, planning, or carrying out 
                        other relevant activities, as determined by the 
                        Administrator, to identify the location and 
                        condition of lead service lines; or
                            ``(iii) providing assistance to low-income 
                        homeowners to replace privately owned lead 
                        service lines.
                    ``(C) Low-income homeowner.--The term `low-income 
                homeowner' has such meaning as may be given the term by 
                the Governor of the applicable State.
            ``(2) Grant program.--
                    ``(A) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after 
                the date of enactment of this subsection, the 
                Administrator shall establish a grant program to 
                provide assistance to eligible entities for lead pipe 
                replacement programs.
                    ``(B) Evaluation.--In determining whether to 
                provide assistance to an eligible entity under this 
                subsection, the Administrator shall evaluate whether 
                the eligible entity has--
                            ``(i) a current inventory of lead service 
                        lines in the applicable public water system;
                            ``(ii) a plan to notify customers of such 
                        public water system of the replacement of any 
                        publicly owned portion of a lead service line;
                            ``(iii) a plan to replace the privately 
                        owned portion of a lead service line at the 
                        cost of replacement;
                            ``(iv) a plan for a program of assistance 
                        to low-income homeowners to replace the 
                        privately owned portion of lead service lines; 
                        or
                            ``(v) a plan of recommended measures to 
                        avoid exposure of the public to short-term 
                        increases in lead levels following a lead 
                        service line replacement.
                    ``(C) Priority application.--In providing 
                assistance under this subsection, the Administrator 
                shall give priority to an eligible entity that--
                            ``(i) will carry out a lead pipe 
                        replacement program at a public water system 
                        that has exceeded the lead action level 
                        established by the Administrator at any time 
                        during the 3-year period preceding the date of 
                        submission of the application of the eligible 
                        entity;
                            ``(ii) will address lead levels in water 
                        for human consumption at a school, daycare, or 
                        other facility that primarily serves children 
                        or subpopulations at greater risk as identified 
                        under section 1458(a);
                            ``(iii) will include in the lead pipe 
                        replacement program a program to provide 
                        assistance to low-income homeowners; or
                            ``(iv) addresses such priority criteria as 
                        the Administrator may establish, consistent 
                        with the goal of reducing lead in water for 
                        human consumption.
                    ``(D) Cost sharing.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        the non-Federal share of the total cost of a 
                        program funded by a grant provided under this 
                        subsection shall be not less than 20 percent.
                            ``(ii) Waiver.--The Administrator may 
                        reduce or eliminate the non-Federal share 
                        required under clause (i) for reasons of 
                        affordability, as the Administrator determines 
                        to be appropriate.
                    ``(E) Low-income homeowner assistance.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        an eligible entity may use a grant provided 
                        under this subsection to provide assistance to 
                        low-income homeowners to replace privately 
                        owned lead service lines.
                            ``(ii) Limitation.--The amount of 
                        assistance provided to an individual low-income 
                        homeowner under this subparagraph shall not 
                        exceed $10,000.
            ``(3) Guidance.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        enactment of this subsection, the Administrator shall, in 
        cooperation with States and qualified nonprofit organizations, 
        develop guidance for owners and operators of public water 
        systems to assist such owners and operators in the preparation 
        of an inventory of lead service lines in their public water 
        system.
            ``(4) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
        authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection 
        $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 through 2021.''.
[A]: Reducing Lead in Drinking Water Act This bill amends the Safe Drinking Water Act to direct the Environmental Protection Agency to establish a grant program to remove lead service lines from public water systems. Grant recipients may use grant funds to assist low-income homeowners with replacing privately owned lead service lines.


[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Relief for Rural Veterans in Crisis 
Act of 2008''.

SEC. 2. EXPANSION AND EXTENSION OF THE MEDICARE RURAL HOSPITAL 
              FLEXIBILITY PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 1820(g) of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1395i-4(g)) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph:
            ``(6) Providing mental health services and other health 
        services to veterans and other residents of rural areas.--
                    ``(A) Grants to states.--The Secretary may award 
                grants to States that have submitted applications in 
                accordance with subparagraph (B) for increasing the 
                delivery of mental health services or other health care 
                services deemed necessary to meet the needs of veterans 
                of Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring 
                Freedom living in rural areas (as defined for purposes 
                of section 1886(d) and including areas that are rural 
                census tracks, as defined by the Administrator of the 
                Health Resources and Services Administration), 
                including for the provision of crisis intervention 
                services and the detection of post-traumatic stress 
                disorder, traumatic brain injury, and other signature 
                injuries of veterans of Operation Iraqi Freedom and 
                Operation Enduring Freedom, and for referral of such 
                veterans to medical facilities operated by the 
                Department of Veterans Affairs, and for the delivery of 
                such services to other residents of such rural areas.
                    ``(B) Application.--
                            ``(i) In general.--An application is in 
                        accordance with this subparagraph if the State 
                        submits to the Secretary at such time and in 
                        such form as the Secretary may require an 
                        application containing the assurances described 
                        in subparagraphs (A)(ii) and (A)(iii) of 
                        subsection (b)(1).
                            ``(ii) Consideration of regional 
                        approaches, networks, or technology.--The 
                        Secretary may, as appropriate in awarding 
                        grants to States under subparagraph (A), 
                        consider whether the application submitted by a 
                        State under this subparagraph includes 1 or 
                        more proposals that utilize regional 
                        approaches, networks, health information 
                        technology, telehealth, or telemedicine to 
                        deliver services described in subparagraph (A) 
                        to individuals described in that subparagraph. 
                        For purposes of this clause, a network may, as 
                        the Secretary determines appropriate, include 
                        Federally qualified health centers, rural 
                        health clinics, home health agencies, community 
                        mental health clinics and other providers of 
                        mental health services, pharmacists, local 
                        government, and other providers deemed 
                        necessary to meet the needs of veterans.
                            ``(iii) Coordination at local level.--The 
                        Secretary shall require, as appropriate, a 
                        State to demonstrate consultation with the 
                        hospital association of such State, rural 
                        hospitals located in such State, providers of 
                        mental health services, or other appropriate 
                        stakeholders for the provision of services 
                        under a grant awarded under this paragraph.
                            ``(iv) Special consideration of certain 
                        applications.--In awarding grants to States 
                        under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall 
                        give special consideration to applications 
                        submitted by States in which veterans make up a 
                        high percentage (as determined by the 
                        Secretary) of the total population of the 
                        State. Such consideration shall be given 
                        without regard to the number of veterans of 
                        Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring 
                        Freedom living in the areas in which mental 
                        health services and other health care services 
                        would be delivered under the application.
                    ``(C) Coordination with va.--The Secretary shall, 
                as appropriate, consult with the Director of the Office 
                of Rural Health of the Department of Veterans Affairs 
                in awarding grants to States under subparagraph (A).
                    ``(D) Use of funds.--A State awarded a grant under 
                this paragraph may, as appropriate, use the funds to 
                reimburse providers of services described in 
                subparagraph (A) to individuals described in that 
                subparagraph.
                    ``(E) Limitation on use of grant funds for 
                administrative expenses.--A State awarded a grant under 
                this paragraph may not expend more than 15 percent of 
                the amount of the grant for administrative expenses.
                    ``(F) Final report.--Not later than 1 year after 
                the date on which the last grant is awarded to a State 
                under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall submit a 
                report to Congress on the grants awarded under such 
                subparagraph. Such report shall include an assessment 
                of the impact of such grants on increasing the delivery 
                of mental health services and other health services to 
                veterans of the United States Armed Forces living in 
                rural areas (as so defined and including such areas 
                that are rural census tracks), with particular emphasis 
                on the impact of such grants on the delivery of such 
                services to veterans of Operation Enduring Freedom and 
                Operation Iraqi Freedom, and to other individuals 
                living in such rural areas.''.
    (b) Use of Funds for Federal Administrative Expenses.--Section 
1820(g)(5) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395i-4(g)(5)) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``beginning with fiscal year 2005'' and 
        inserting ``for each of fiscal years 2005 through 2008''; and
            (2) by inserting ``and, of the total amount appropriated 
        for grants under paragraphs (1), (2), and (6) for a fiscal year 
        (beginning with fiscal year 2009)'' after ``2005)''.
    (c) Extension of Authorization for FLEX Grants.--Section 1820(j) of 
the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395i-4(j)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``and for'' and inserting ``for''; and
            (2) by inserting ``, for making grants to all States under 
        paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (g), $55,000,000 in each 
        of fiscal years 2009 and 2010, and for making grants to all 
        States under paragraph (6) of subsection (g), $50,000,000 in 
        each of fiscal years 2009 and 2010, to remain available until 
        expended'' before the period at the end.
[A]:
Relief for Rural Veterans in Crisis Act of 2008 - Amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to: (1) authorize the Secretary of Health and Human Services to award grants to states for increasing the delivery of mental health services or other health care services deemed necessary to meet the needs of veterans of Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom living in rural areas; and (2) extend the authorization for Medicare rural hospital flexibility program (FLEX) grants.