Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.
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Question: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common solid tumors and ranks the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression dynamics of GOLPH3 in HCC tissue samples, and explore the correlation between GOLPH3 expression and prognosis in patients with HCC.', 'The levels of Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) mRNA and protein in liver cancer cell lines and fresh tissues were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Additionally, the protein expression of GOLPH3 was detected by immunohistochemistry.', 'High GOLPH3 expression was positively correlated with serum AFP level (P=0.015) and tumor recurrence or metastasis (P=0.010). In addition, liver cancer patients with high GOLPH3 expression had significantly poorer overall survival (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.19-2.94; P=0.006) and poorer disease-free survival (HR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.21-2.98; P=0.005) than those with low GOLPH3 expression. The cumulative 5-year survival rate was only 35.19% (95% CI, 26.18%-44.20%) in the high GOLPH3 expression group, whereas it was 55.93% (95% CI, 43.26%-68.60%) in the low GOLPH3 expression group. Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the expression of GOLPH3, tumor size and tumor multiplicity were independent prognostic predictors for HCC patients.

Answer: 1


Question: Total bilirubin (TB) was recently recognized as an endogenous anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant molecule. Uric acid (UA) takes part in cardiovascular diseases by inducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. We assessed the relationship between serum TB levels, serum UA levels, and inflammatory status assessed by neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (N/L) and arterial stiffness and arterial wave reflection in patients with a clinical diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD).', 'We included 145 consecutive patients admitted with stable angina pectoris (SAP) or acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Blood samples were drawn at admission for complete blood count and biochemistry. Non-invasive pulse waveform analysis for the determination of augmentation index (AIx) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements were performed with the commercially available SphygmoCor system.', 'When patients were divided into tertiles of PWV and AIx, median N/L and median serum UA levels were the highest and mean TB levels were the lowest in the third tertile (p<0.001 for all). AIx and PWV were positively associated with serum UA and N/L and negatively associated with serum TB levels (p<0.001 for all). After adjustments for age, gender, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and presence of diabetes, significant correlations persisted for N/L, UA, and TB in ACS patients (p<0.05). In the SAP group, TB was significantly negatively correlated with AIx and PWV, and UA was significantly positively correlated with PWV (p<0.05).

Answer: 1


Question: In HCV-related graft hepatitis, immunosuppression has been implicated in rapid progression to cirrhosis, a serious clinical issue. We investigated the effects of cyclosporine or tacrolimus on cell growth and collagen production by hepatic stellate cells (HSC), which play a role in hepatic fibrosis.', 'Cultured rat HSCs and human HSC-derived TWNT-4 cells were evaluated for proliferation, type I collagen, phosphorylation states of mitogen-activated protein kinases extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2; [MAPKs Erk1/2], c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK, p38), as well as the expression of collagen, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) genes.', 'Cyclosporine suppressed cell growth and collagen production in a concentration-dependent manner. At clinically relevant concentrations of 0.125 micromol (150 ng/mL) cyclosporine significantly reduced collagen production per cell by more than 50%. Similarly, tacrolimus also reduced both collagen concentration and cell number; however, tacrolimus at a clinically relevant concentration of 12.5 nmol (10 ng/mL) did not significantly reduce collagen production. Treatment with cyclosporine reduced type I collagen and TIMP-1 expression and enhanced MMP-1 expression. Cyclosporine also inhibited phosphorylation strongly for JNK and p38, and weakly inhibited for Erk1/2.

Answer:
0