Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
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Question: To construct phage display library of anti-chymopapain scFv.', 'V(H) and V(L) gene repertoires were amplified from splenocyte mRNA by RT-PCR and joined by a (Gly(4)ser)3 linker to obtain scFv genes. The scFv genes were then cloned into phagemid pFAB5C to construct phage display library. Affinity selection and ELISA were used to identify specific phage antibody to chymopapain.', 'After 4 rounds of panning, high affinity scFv was obtained.

Answer: Do [ Construction and identification of anti-chymopapain scFv phage display library ]?


Question: To determine the origin of the neoplastic cell in central nervous system (CNS) hemangioblastomas in von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) and its role in tumor formation and distribution, we characterized and differentiated neoplastic cells from hemangioblastomas removed from VHL patients.', 'A total of 31 CNS hemangioblastomas from 25 VHL patients were resected and analyzed. Tumor cells from the hemangioblastomas were characterized, grown, and differentiated into multiple lineages. Resected hemangioblastomas were located in the cerebellum (11 tumors), brainstem (five tumors), and spinal cord (15 tumors). Consistent with an embryologically derived hemangioblast, the neoplastic cells demonstrated coexpression of the mesodermal markers brachyury, Flk-1 (vascular endothelial growth factor-2), and stem cell leukemia (Scl). The neoplastic cells also expressed hematopoietic stem cell antigens and receptors including CD133, CD34, c-kit, Scl, erythropoietin, and erythropoietin receptor. Under specific microenvironments, neoplastic cells (hemangioblasts) were expanded and differentiated into erythrocytic, granulocytic, and endothelial progenitors. Deletion of the wild-type VHL allele in the hematopoietic and endothelial progeny confirmed their neoplastic origin.

Answer: Are von Hippel-Lindau disease-associated hemangioblastomas derived from embryologic multipotent cells?


Question: Older adults often show sustained attention toward positive information and an improved memory for positive events. Little is known about the neural changes that may underlie these effects, although recent research has suggested that older adults may show differential recruitment of prefrontal regions during the successful encoding of emotional information. In the present study, effective connectivity analyses examined the network of regions that college-age and older adults recruited during the encoding of positive and negative images.', "Participants viewed positive and negative images while undergoing a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan. Structural equation modeling was used to compare young and older adults' connectivity among regions of the emotional memory network while they encoded negative or positive items.", 'Aging did not impact the connectivity among regions engaged during the encoding of negative information, but age differences did arise during the encoding of positive information. Most notably, in older adults, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and amygdala strongly influenced hippocampal activity during the encoding of positive information. By contrast, in young adults, a strong thalamic influence on hippocampal activity was evident during encoding.

Answer:
Are there age-related changes in neural connectivity during the encoding of positive , but not negative , information?