claim,evidence,label
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,Climate change poses risks to peace .,0
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,Studies show increases in future wind resources in windy areas in South America .,1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,"Given that CO2 emissions constitute the dominant human influence on global climate, global net zero CO2 emissions are a prerequisite for stabilising warming at any level.",0
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,"The global mean surface temperature change, or ‘global warming level’ .",1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"Five years later, the Third Assessment Report .",1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,"In the Antarctic, dynamic losses driven by ocean warming and ice-shelf disintegration will likely continue to outpace increasing snowfall this century .",0
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","Ice-core records from vulnerable alpine glaciers in the tropics and the mid-latitudes document more frequent melt layers in recent decades, with glacial retreat occurring at a rate and geographic scale that is unusual in the Holocene .",0
Global warming is driving polar bears toward extinction,"Tourism demand for polar bear viewing in Churchill, Manitoba, Canada, may change due to climate-related declines in polar bear health , but may be offset by ‘Last Chance Tourism’ .",1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases",This is consistent with literature that suggests that greenhouse gas .,1
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]","Climate change may additionally cause the breaching of physical and social adaptation limits, resulting in climate-related residual risks .",1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization","For moderate levels of sea level rise, it is unlikely that these changes alone will exceed the technical limits of coastal adaptation over the 21st century .",1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"However, even extreme events that do not have a particularly low probability in the present climate (at more than 1°C of global warming) can be perceived as surprises because of the pace of global warming (high confidence).",1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,"Since then, increased warming and progressively more conclusive attribution studies have identified human activities as the ‘dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century’ .",0
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"Climate change impacts such as extremely high temperatures, intense rainfall leading to flooding, more intense winds and/or storms, and sea level rise can seriously impact transport infrastructure, operations, and mobility for road, rail, shipping, and aviation.",0
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records",Longer reanalyses that extend further back in time than the beginning of the instrumental record are being developed.,1
[climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.,Because really extreme events occur rarely was three to ten times more likely as the result of climate change.,0
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,"Therefore, climate change and sustainable development cannot be assessed or planned in isolation of one another.",1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists",This will be the case even if global warming is stabilized at 1.5°C.,1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.",There is limited evidence that extreme precipitation associated with severe convective storms has increased in some cases.,0
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","The majority of mountain glaciers lost mass during the past two decades, and permafrost in the European Alps and Scandinavia is decreasing .",0
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.","Consistent with the AR5 assessment, there is high confidence that SRM would not mitigate CO2 -induced ocean acidification .",1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"There was intensified sea level rise during the 1990s and 2000s, with 10-year trends exceeding 20 mm yr–1in the western tropical Pacific Ocean, while sea level trends were negative on the North American west coast.",0
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,"Because the energy system is so complex, it can be hard to define particular parts of it precisely, and there may be competing definitions in the literature.",1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization",Adaptations such as improved water management are emerging slowly .,1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.","The science on climate change, its impacts and the opportunities to mitigate is continuously being updated.",1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"There was high confidence that global warming was already causing an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather and climate events, impacting ecosystems, food security, disturbances and production processes, with existing .",1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,Changes in solar radiation as a consequence of solar dimming and brightening may affect trends .,1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,Data from field campaigns suggest that a ‘suppression of cooling’ can explain the observed warming .,1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","Relative sea level: Satellite altimetry and tide data show that relative sea levels , which is broadly consistent with findings in Oppenheimer et al .",1
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","Glaciers are expected to continue to lose mass throughout the 21st century, with higher mass loss under high emission scenarios ).",0
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,"Furthermore, according to IPCC SR1.5 , if the world warms by 2°C–4°C by 2050, rates of human conflict could increase, but again, the role of hydrological change in this was not explicit .",1
Global warming is driving polar bears toward extinction,Sea ice loss due to climate change is expected to accelerate over the next century .,1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,It was endorsed at the United Nations Climate Summit in September 2014.,1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,"In Bolivia, CMIP3/5 models projected an increase in temperature .",1
The polar bear population has been growing.,The latest data indicate continued global livestock population growth between 1990 and 2019 .,1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.",The IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Land and IPCC AR6 WGI both describe significant climate-related changes resulting from tropical deforestation .,1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","Over a 100-year time horizon, this warming is +0.0017°C ± 0.00017°C and +0.0001°C ± 0.000079°C, respectively .",1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,EBEs can be calculated by multiplying primary energy extraction of fossil fuels with their respective carbon content .,1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"In the interior of the Indian and Pacific sectors of the Southern Ocean, and the North Atlantic, the increase in the CO2 inventory from 1994 to 2007 was about 20% smaller than expected from the atmospheric CO2 increase during the same period and the anthropogenic CO2 inventory in 1994 .",1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],Human influence has been a major driver of regional mean temperature change since 1950 in many sub-continental regions of the world (virtually certain).,1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.",It is very likely that global mean stratospheric cooling will be larger by the end of the 21st century in a pathway with higher atmospheric CO2 concentrations.,1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined",The report also found that Arctic sea ice extent has very likely decreased for all months of the year since 1979 and that September sea ice reductions of 12.8 ± 2.3% per decade are likely unprecedented for at least 1000 years.,1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,"Some papers corroborate that earlier start and later end of phenological events in Asia are associated with global warming; however, other papers do not confirm such a connection.",1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.",This can be transformed into an absolute global temperature-change potential .,1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"The majority of the climate science community has reached consensus that mean global temperature has increased and human activity is a major cause , setting the context for public policy action.",0
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,"But biodiversity changes, warming, acidification and non-climate drivers .",1
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,"Global climate models project an increase in wind speeds, under all future scenarios, augmenting wind power potential in most parts of Central and South America, especially in NES, where changes lie in the range 0–20% by 2050 under RCP8.5 and 0–40% under RCP8.5 .",1
The polar bear population has been growing.,"The city, situated in a global biodiversity hotspot , has a rapidly growing population .",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","On the one hand, mitigation and adaptation processes can create significant development opportunities.",1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","In this way, blocking can also be associated with extreme events such as heavy precipitation , drought and heatwaves .",1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"Mean temperatures over the region have increased by 0.7°C–1°C from 1973 to 2013, depending on the season .",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],Smoliak et al performed their dynamical adjustment using partial least squares regression of temperature to remove variations arising from sea level pressure changes.,1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,This is consistent with literature that suggests that greenhouse gas .,1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,Mean air temperature: New literature confirms a continuous warming since the beginning of the 20th century in the majority of the eight sub-regions .,0
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","Due to the lack of large-scale modelling studies, there is low confidence for climate change impacts on peat carbon uptake and emissions.",1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"In the near term, the forced change in Southern Annular Mode in austral summer is likely to be weaker than observed during the late 20th century under all five SSPs assessed.",1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,There is a near-linear relationship between cumulative CO2 emissions and the increase in global mean surface air temperature is due to a better integration of evidence across the science in this assessment.,0
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"The AR4 further strengthened previous statements, concluding that ‘most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations’ .",0
The polar bear population has been growing.,Responses by marine mammals and birds to the ongoing changes in polar ecosystems are both positive and negative .,1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"However, ESMs still have considerable biases in the climatological temperature and cloud fraction over land, and the magnitude of this feedback has not yet been supported by observational evidence.",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","Several factors affect the precise value of remaining carbon budgets, including estimates of historical warming, future emissions from thawing permafrost, and variations in projected non-CO2 warming.",1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,Some studies find an increase in the frequency of SSWs under increasing greenhouse gases .,0
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,The ability to simulate the effect of volcanic aerosol in global models is evaluated in VolMIP .,1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.",The latter still shows stronger cooling than simulated in chemistry-climate models .,1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.","Globally, high climate change projections imply lower mitigation effort, higher climate risks and greater adaptation.",1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,These factors provide the context for climate policymaking and include differences in countries’ histories ; the political culture and regulatory traditions in governing environmental and energy issues ; and even bureaucrats’ educational background .,1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,SR1.5 assessed with low confidence differences in projected impacts under 1.5°C compared with 2°C of warming .,1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,"Electricity is a versatile energy carrier, potentially produced from abundant renewable energy sources or other low carbon options; regional resources and preferences will vary.",1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","Mean air temperature: A long-term warming trend in annual mean surface temperature has been observed across Asia during 1960–2015, and the warming accelerated after the 1970s .",0
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","At the same time, with the increase in the proportion of renewable energy in the power system, the power system will be more vulnerable to climate change and extreme weather and climate events, and the vulnerability and risk of the power system will greatly increase (medium confidence).",0
"Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming",Fires are attributed to changes in temperature regimes and precipitation regimes The glaciers of the southern Andes .,1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization",Regional sea level change has been the main driver of changes in extreme still water levels across the quasi-global tide gauge network over the 20th century .,1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,The century-scale climate–carbon cycle response to a CO2 removal from the atmosphere is not always equal and opposite to the response to a CO2 emission (medium confidence).,1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],The Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum that occurred 55.9–55.7 Ma.,1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,At large scales the dominant effect of aerosols on the carbon cycle is likely a global cooling effect of the climate .,1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.","In a changing climate, people frequently ask whether extreme events are generally becoming more severe or more frequent, and whether an actual extreme event was caused by climate change.",1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",Models project a very likely 2°C GWL increase in the intensity and frequency of hot extremes and decrease in the intensity and frequency of cold extremes.,0
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"In the North Atlantic, a low rate of anthropogenic CO2 storage at 1.9 ± 0.4 PgC per decade during the time period of 1989–2003 increased to 4.4 ± 0.9 PgC per decade during 2003–2014.",0
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.","Several studies suggest that increasing atmospheric CO2 could lead to reduced leaf stomatal conductance, which would increase water-use efficiency and reduce plant water needs, thus limiting ET .",0
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,"The point in time at which the current ice sheet might reach this critical volume depends on oceanic and atmospheric conditions, ice dynamics, and climate–ice sheet feedbacks .",1
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","The median of the multi-method GMST reconstruction from this synthesis a multi-centennial period of relatively low temperature beginning around the 15th century, with GMST averaging –0.03 °C between 1450 and 1850 relative to 1850–1900; .",1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","Markets for green bonds, ESG (environmental, social, and governance), and sustainable finance products have grown significantly since the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR5) and the landscape continues to evolve.",1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,"The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change , and in 2015, Article 8 of the Paris Agreement provided a legal basis for the WIM.",1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,There are indications from ocean-colour data used in conjunction with fisheries data that the survival rate of various larger marine organisms depends on phenological metrics related to the seasonality of phytoplankton growth.,1
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,The dominant human influence on observed global warming and related water cycle changes was confirmed.,0
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,"Although agriculture in parts of North America has become more sensitive to climate over the last 50 years, livestock have helped to moderate this effect, being less sensitive to increasing temperatures than some specialised crop systems .",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],Human influence has been a major driver of regional mean temperature change since 1950 in many sub-continental regions of the world (virtually certain).,1
"Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming","However, expert opinion differs as to whether recent Antarctic ice loss from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet has been driven primarily by external forcing or by internal variability, and there is no consensus .",1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,Technological change that is induced by an increase in price of a resource can never lead to an increase in use of that resource.,1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,"Moreover, coverage of climate science is increasing.",1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","In the USA, it is indicated that there is no significant increase in convective storms, and hail and severe thunderstorms .",1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,"Mean temperatures over the region have increased by 0.7°C–1°C from 1973 to 2013, depending on the season .",1
The polar bear population has been growing.,"In the Chukchi Sea, in recent decades the average duration polar bears spent onshore increased by 30 d in line with global warming and the rapid decline of their sea ice habitat In Central Kazakh Steppe, in line with warming, in 2018 there were more ‘southern’ sub-arid species in the communities and fewer relatively ‘northern’ boreal and polyzonal species of ground beetles .",1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases","This relationship between levels of warming, climate risk and reasons for concern .",1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.","In CSA, the awareness of climate change as a threat is increasing, a situation related to growth in climate justice activism and to the occurrence of extreme weather events of all kinds .",0
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]","The natural response of land to human-induced environmental change – such as increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration, nitrogen deposition and climate change – caused a net CO2 sink equivalent of around 29% of total CO2 emissions .",1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"Increasing relative sea level, compounding with increasing tropical cyclone storm surge and rainfall intensity, will increase the probability of coastal city flooding (high confidence).",0
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,Observations of climate changeThe SR1.5 estimated with high confidence that human activities caused a global warming of approximately 1°C between the 1850–1900 period and 2017.,1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],To address this limitation an emergent constraint on 1970–2005 global warming was demonstrated to yield a best estimate ECS of 2.83 °C .,1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.","In the USA, projected changes in the environmental conditions show an increase in CAPE and no changes or decreases in the vertical wind shear, suggesting favourable conditions for an increase in severe convective storms in the future, but the interpretation of how tornadoes or hail will change is an open question because of the strong dependence on shear .",0
The polar bear population has been growing.,"About 57% of the population currently lives in rural areas, but the proportion of the population living in urban areas is projected to exceed 60% by 2050 .",1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,Wind turbines alter the transport and dissipation of momentum near the surface but do not directly impact the Earth’s energy balanceBox 6.7.,1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases","However, CO2 is not the only greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming and reducing emissions of other greenhouse gases (GHGs) alongside CO2 towards net zero emissions of all GHGs would lower the level at which global temperature would peak.",1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,Potentially highly influential tipping points associated with Arctic sea ice melt and Antarctic ocean circulation change adds to this uncertainty .,1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.",These trends are not associated with significant trends in extratropical cyclones .,1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,Climate impacts in a ‘transient’ world relate to a scenario in which the world is continuing to warm.,1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says","Last, the first observed climatology of snowfall over Antarctica was obtained using the cloud/precipitation radar onboard NASA’s CloudSat .",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","In this regard, it is likely that future impacts of climate change, particularly under increasing levels of global warming .",1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,Some forests in the USA could benefit slightly from CO2 fertilisation resulting in increased productivity especially for hardwoods .,1
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,There is a near-linear relationship between cumulative CO2 emissions and the increase in global mean surface air temperature is due to a better integration of evidence across the science in this assessment.,0
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,"Some societal risks, such as human mortality due to extreme heat, also are sensitive to warming.",1
Global warming is driving polar bears toward extinction,This will be the case even if global warming is stabilized at 1.5°C.,1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases",Melting of ice and warming of the atmosphere account for about 3% and 1% of the total change respectively.,1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says","Solar radiation modification, in the literature also referred to as ‘solar geoengineering’, refers to the intentional modification of the Earth’s shortwave radiative budget, such as by increasing the reflection of sunlight back to space, with the aim of reducing warming.",1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists",Pest and disease outbreaks in both crops and livestock due to climate change .,1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,"It is likely that tropical upper tropospheric warming will be larger than at the tropical surface, but with an uncertain magnitude owing to the effects of natural internal variability and uncertainty in the response of the climate system to anthropogenic forcing.",1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","This assessed change in temperature before 1850–1900 is not included in the AR6 assessment of global warming to date, to ensure consistency with previous IPCC assessment reports, and because of the lower confidence in the estimate.",1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"Moreover, coverage of climate science is increasing.",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,"The greatest rate of change over the CE prior to 1750 is observed at about 1600 CE, and ranges from –6.9 to +4.7 ppm per century in multiple high-resolution ice core records .",1
"the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change'","With climate change, wildfires will probably become more frequent and more difficult to address, given that they frequently coincide with dry air and can be exacerbated by high winds Lightning can cause wildfires or common-mode faults on electricity systems associated with vegetation falling on power substations or overhead lines but is more generally associated with flashovers and overloads .",0
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.","Elevated CO2 will worsen some pest and disease pressures, for example, barley yellow dwarf virus impacts on wheat .",1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,Models project a very likely 2°C GWL increase in the intensity and frequency of hot extremes and decrease in the intensity and frequency of cold extremes.,1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,"Rapid warming and extreme temperatures in the Arctic is leading to unprecedented seasonal sea ice loss, permafrost thaw and increasing ocean temperatures.",0
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,They found a large upper-stratospheric temperature change in response to volcanic forcing found that the cooling of the middle and upper stratosphere after 1979 is mainly due to changes in greenhouse gas concentrations.,0
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"Combining SAI and CCT has suggested that GHG-induced changes in global mean temperature and precipitation can be simultaneously offset , but there is low confidence in the applicability of this result to the real world owing to the large uncertainty in simulating aerosol forcing and the complex cirrus microphysical processes.",1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,"In 2010, the European Commission created a directorate-general From 2018, climate planning and reporting has been regulated by the EU Governance Regulation , requiring member states to develop detailed and strategic National Energy and Climate Plans .",0
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists",Data from field campaigns suggest that a ‘suppression of cooling’ can explain the observed warming .,1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","Snow, glaciers, permafrost and ice sheets will decrease with high confidence .",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],"For paleoclimate, a scaling for sea surface temperature .",1
The Great Barrier Reef is experiencing the most widespread bleaching ever recorded,"A large number of coordinated field campaigns during the 2015/2016 El Niño event enabled the collection of short-lived biological phenomena such as coral bleaching and mortality caused by a months-long ocean heatwave ; beyond this event, coordinated observations of coral reef systems are increasing in number and quality .",1
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.",The multi-model mean captures the proxy-reconstructed global-mean surface air temperature (GSAT) change during past high- and low-CO2 climates (high confidence) and the correct sign of temperature and precipitation change in most assessed regions in the mid-Holocene (medium confidence).,1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],Global surface temperatures increased by about 0.1°C .,1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,"Trust in experts, institutions and environmental groups is also important Rhetoric and misinformation on climate change and the deliberate undermining of science have contributed to misperceptions of the scientific consensus, uncertainty, disregarded risk and urgency, and dissent .",1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","In subarctic Alaska, increased contribution of glacier melts to streamflow and aquifer recharge under a warming climate is projected .",1
[climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.,"In this regard, it is likely that future impacts of climate change, particularly under increasing levels of global warming .",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.",Human-induced greenhouse gas forcing is the main driver of the observed changes in hot and cold extremes on the global scale (virtually certain ) and on most continents (very likely ).,0
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,Although climate-driven human mobility generally does not increase risks to peace .,1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"The GCMs and ESMs compared in CMIP6 The FAR concluded that while both theory and models suggested that anthropogenic warming was already well underway, its signal could not yet be detected in observational data against the ‘noise’ of natural variability .",1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","Further evidence that anthropogenic global warming has caused an increase in the frequency, intensity and/or amount of heavy precipitation events at the global scale highlights that each half degree of additional global warming influences the climate response.",0
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","Since then, increased warming and progressively more conclusive attribution studies have identified human activities as the ‘dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century’ .",1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,There is growing confidence that modern reanalyses can provide another line of evidence in describing recent temperature trends .,0
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"Oceanic and terrestrial carbon sinks are projected to continue to grow with increasing atmospheric concentrations of CO2 , but the fraction of emissions taken up by land and ocean is expected to decline as the CO2 concentration increases .",0
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.","At high values of cumulative emissions, some models simulate less warming per unit CO2 emitted, suggesting that the saturation of CO2 radiative forcing becomes more important than the effect of weakened carbon sinks .",1
The Great Barrier Reef is experiencing the most widespread bleaching ever recorded,"Temperature anomalies ranged from 1.2°C to 4.0°C and durations ranged from 90–250 days Estuaries warming and fresheningAustralian lagoons and rivers warming and decreasing pH at a faster rate than predicted by climate modelsWarming and reduction in rainfall Changes in life-history traits, behaviour or recruitmentReduced size of Sydney rock oysters Reduced growth in tiger flathead fish in equatorward rangeOcean warming55% of 335 fish species became smaller and 45% became larger as seas warmed around AustraliaOcean warming Rock lobster display reduced avoidance of predators at 23°C compared to 20°CIncreased temperature Analysis of stress rings in cores of corals from the GBR dating back to 1815 found that following bleaching events, the coral was less affected by subsequent marine heatwavesHeat eventsMortality and reductions in spawning stocks of fishery important abalone, prawns, rock lobsters2011 marine heatwaveRecruitment of coral on GBR reduced to 11% of long-term averageWarming-driven back-to-back global bleaching eventsGreen turtle hatchlings from southern GBR 65–69% female and hatchlings from northern GBR 100% female for last two decadesIncreased sand temperaturesNew diseases, toxinsFirst occurrence of virulent virus causing Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome Mussels, scallops, oysters, clams, abalone and rock lobsters on east coast of Tasmania found to have high levels of Paralytic Shellfish toxins, originating from a bloom of harmful Alexandrium tamarenseWarming and extension of the East Australian CurrentRange expansion of phytoplankton Noctiluca, which can be toxicWarming and extension of the East Australian CurrentMortality of fish following algal blooms in South Australia2013 marine heatwaveChanges in species distributionsRange extensions at the poleward range limit have been detected in: fish, cephalopods, crustaceans, nudibranchs, urchins, coralsOcean warmingContractions in range at the equatorward range edge have been detected in anemones, asteroids, gastropods, mussels, algaeOcean warmingAustralia’s most southern dominant reef building coral, Plesiastrea versipora, in eastern Bass Strait, increasing in abundance at the poleward edge of the species’ range and in western AustraliaOcean warmingSouthwestern Australia fish assemblages—warm-water fish increasing in density at poleward edge of distributions and cool-water species decreasing in density at equatorward edge of distributions; increase in warm-water habitat forming species leading to reduced habitat for invertebrate assemblagesCombination of increased temperatures and changes in habitat-forming algal speciesPredicted reduction range of rare Wilsonia humilis herb in Tasmanian saltmarsh but no change in rest of communityWetter and drier climateChanges in abundanceShift towards a zooplankton community dominated by warm-water small copepods in southeast AustraliaOcean warmingDiebacks of tidal wetland mangroves2015–2016 heatwaves combined with moisture stressDecline in giant kelp in Tasmania, Australia, less than 10% remaining; loss of kelp Australia-wide totalling at least 140,187 hectaresOcean warming and change in East Australian Current Regional loss of seagrass in Shark Bay World Heritage Area, western AustraliaHigh air and water temperatures during 2011 heatwaveIncreased annual dugong and inshore dolphin mortality across QueenslandSustained low air temperature and increased freshwater discharge during high Southern Oscillation Index Predicted equatorward decline and poleward shift of sea urchin in eastern AustraliaOcean warmingIncreasing mortality of Australian fur seal pups in low-lying coloniesStorm surges and high tides amplified by ongoing SLR Ongoing declines in habitat-forming seaweedsClimate-driven shift of tropical herbivoresDieback of temperate seagrass in Shark Bay, Australia, subsequently replaced by tropical early successional seagrass with seagrass-associated megafauna Increased herbivory by fish on tropicalised reefs of western AustraliaChange in species composition due to ocean warmingNo recovery 2 years after coral bleaching and macroalgae mortality in western Australia2011 marine heatwaveMass mortality of particular coral species on affected reefs during heatwaves on GBR Community-wide restructuring along GBR 1 year after the 2016 mass bleaching event2016 marine heatwaveNew ZealandChanges in life-historyAlteration of shell of pāua Decline in maximum swimming performance of kingfish and snapperElevated CO2 Increased mortality and faster growth in juvenile kingfishIncreased temperatureEarlier spawning of snapper in South Island2017–2018 heatwaveIncrease in mortalityHeat stress mortality in salmon farms off Marlborough, New Zealand, where 20% of salmon stocks died2017–2018 marine heatwaveChanges in species distributionsSpecies increasingly caught further south Non-breeding distribution of New Zealand nesting seabird Less phytoplankton production in Tasman Sea but more on sub-tropical frontOcean warmingLoss of bull kelp Ocean carbon storage and acidification has led to decreased surface pH in the region .",0
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.",Ninety percent of the total column ozone .,1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,Technological change that is induced by an increase in price of a resource can never lead to an increase in use of that resource.,1
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.",Under one scenario including a peak and decline in atmospheric CO2 concentration .,1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"Since then, increased warming and progressively more conclusive attribution studies have identified human activities as the ‘dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century’ .",0
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.","In this regard, it is likely that future impacts of climate change, particularly under increasing levels of global warming .",1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,"By the 2010s, Earth system models .",1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,The on-road and off-road transportation sectors have a net warming impact on climate over all time scales .,1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,Climate models project that warming of the Arctic is likely to continue at more than double the global rate.,1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says","Extreme cold can increase heat and electricity demand , cause water pipes to burst, and mechanically alter roads, railroads and buildings .",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,Projections from a large ensemble indicate that the mass threshold may be reached in as early as 400 years under extended RCP8.5 if warming reaches 10°C or more above present levels .,1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,Battery storage both on the household and community level was perceived as slightly positive in one study in the UK .,1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.","Healthcare facilities, including hospitals, clinics and community care centres, are vulnerable to extreme weather and climate events, such as flooding and TCs, and to climate-related outbreaks of infectious diseases that overwhelm their capacity to provide critical services .",1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.","The former refers to a short-term rise in emissions in response to climate policy, while the latter refers to rising cumulative damage.",1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,It is well established that climate change compounds the impacts of pressures that humans place on the environment .,1
"Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming","It further assessed that Antarctic ice loss is dominated by acceleration, retreat and rapid thinning of the major West Antarctic Ice Sheet outlet glaciers .",1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,There is a near-linear relationship between cumulative CO2 emissions and the increase in global mean surface air temperature is due to a better integration of evidence across the science in this assessment.,0
The polar bear population has been growing.,"Over the past two decades, Arctic Ocean surface temperature has increased in line with the global average, while there has been no uniform warming across the Antarctic .",1
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,Climate has three important impacts on the ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2 : ; ; and .,1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"While literature focusing on how to accelerate the impact of climate mitigation is derived from empirical evidence, there is very little ex post evidence of directed acceleration approaches.",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],"Over the past two decades, Arctic Ocean surface temperature has increased in line with the global average, while there has been no uniform warming across the Antarctic .",1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,"Climate impacts are cascading, compounding and aggregating across sectors and systems due to complex interactions .",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],Atmospheric moistening has been detected in satellite records .,1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.","There is medium confidence that the mean annual number of tornadoes in the USA has remained relatively constant, but their variability of occurrence has increased since the 1970s, particularly over the 2000s, with a decrease in the number of days per year, and an increase in the number of tornadoes on these days (high confidence).",1
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,Volcanic eruptions and the solar cycle were found not to affect long-term stratospheric temperature trends but to have short-term influences.,0
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,"However, CO2 is not the only greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming and reducing emissions of other greenhouse gases (GHGs) alongside CO2 towards net zero emissions of all GHGs would lower the level at which global temperature would peak.",0
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"Moreover, current commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are not yet consistent with limiting changes in global mean temperature elevation to well-below 2°C or 1.5°C .",0
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.","Globally, low climate change projections, versus higher climate change projections, imply greater mitigation, lower climate risks and less adaptation.",1
[climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.,"Climate change impacts, mitigation and adaptation approaches can also worsen inequities .",0
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,"The boundary conditions thus represent the sequence of observed weather, but with adjusted temperatures, humidity and atmospheric stability.",1
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,Ocean systems are already facing significant impacts of climate change.,0
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","Given that CO2 emissions constitute the dominant human influence on global climate, global net zero CO2 emissions are a prerequisite for stabilising warming at any level.",0
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.",Extreme weather events can trigger post-traumatic stress disorder .,1
[climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.,"Overall, research suggests that climate change has already had negative effects on subjective well-being .",0
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,There is no model consensus for a systematic change in intensity of ENSO sea surface temperature variability over the 21st century in any of the SSP scenarios assessed (medium confidence).,1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","There are several studies projecting decreasing solar production, but these are generally influenced by other factors, for example, increasing air pollution .",0
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,"They found that anthropogenic forcing has caused a cooling of approximately 2°C–3°C in the upper stratosphere over the period of 1979–2015, with greenhouse gases contributing two thirds of this change and ozone depletion contributing one third.",1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","These include global-scale surface warming, nights warming faster than days, tropospheric warming and stratospheric cooling, a rising tropopause, increasing ocean heat content, changed global patterns of precipitation and sea level air pressure, increasing downward longwave radiation, and decreasing upward longwave radiation .",1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","In nearly all regions there is low confidence in changes in hail, ice storms, severe storms, dust storms, heavy snowfall and avalanches, although this does not indicate that these CIDs will not be affected by climate change.",0
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","Cross-Chapter Box 6.1 assesses the consequences of the COVID-19 lockdowns for emissions of GHGs and SLCFs, and related implications for the climate.",1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,This is in the early part of the likely range assessed in the IPCC Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C .,1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","As yet, these systems are not widely implemented and information on their climate change impacts is limited.",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","Past IPCC Assessment Reports have consistently examined extensive literature on the links between climate change, adaptation and sustainable development .",1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"The global mean surface temperature change, or ‘global warming level’ .",1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,Ocean acidification extremes have already emerged from background natural internal variability during the 20th century in most of the surface ocean .,1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,"The majority of the climate science community has reached consensus that mean global temperature has increased and human activity is a major cause , setting the context for public policy action.",0
Global warming is driving polar bears toward extinction,"With further warming, increasingly high risks of local and global extinctions are projected in biodiversity hotspots from climate-related stressors (high confidence).",0
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","Over a 100-year time horizon, this warming is +0.0017°C ± 0.00017°C and +0.0001°C ± 0.000079°C, respectively .",1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,Mean air temperature: New literature confirms a continuous warming since the beginning of the 20th century in the majority of the eight sub-regions .,1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,Research comparing China’s and India’s policies and outcomes on wind energy also suggest that policy durability and systemic approaches can affect industrial outcomes The evidence of the impact of renewable energy auctions on innovation outcomes is very small and provides mixed results .,1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],"Climate change has already changed the start and duration of the growing season and increased variability of rainfall in some places, with impacts on food intake and nutritional status and income for low-income and small-scale producers .",1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,Records of CO2 from the AIS formed during the last glacial period and the LDT show century-scale fluctuations of up to 9.6 ppm .,1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","For example, sea level rise 50 years after a 1°C warming will be lower than sea level rise 150 years after that same 1°C warming , depending on whether near-term transient climate, end of the century, equilibrium climate or climate states after an initial overshoot are considered.",1
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,"However, CO2 is not the only greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming and reducing emissions of other greenhouse gases (GHGs) alongside CO2 towards net zero emissions of all GHGs would lower the level at which global temperature would peak.",0
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","Six extreme ancient hyperthermal events are known from the last 300 Ma, when tropical SSTs reached 1.5°C–10°C warmer than pre-industrial conditions, and with substantial impacts on ancient life , whereas ocean acidification has not been demonstrated consistently Greenhouse gases also contributed substantially to shaping the longer-term climate trends over the past 50 million years, although changes in continental configuration and ocean circulation as well as planetary orbital cycles were equally important .",0
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,"This assessed change in temperature before 1850–1900 is not included in the AR6 assessment of global warming to date, to ensure consistency with previous IPCC assessment reports, and because of the lower confidence in the estimate.",1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,"Tropical regions have experienced less warming than most others, but also exhibit smaller interannual variations in temperature.",1
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","Glaciers in the Southern Andes show decreasing mass loss rates for RCP2.6, and increasing rates for RCP8.5, which peak in the mid to late 21st century.",1
Global warming is driving polar bears toward extinction,Exceeding a specific remaining carbon budget results in higher global warming.,1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"In a +1.5°C world, historical 50-year droughts .",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","A recent global study concluded that reservoirs might emit more carbon than they bury, especially in the tropics .",1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"The AR5 did not include an assessment of large-scale temperature estimates for the MH, although it assigned high confidence to the long-term cooling trend over mid- to high-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and likely the warmest 30-year period of the past 1.4 kyr based on a quality-controlled, multi-proxy synthesis of paleo-temperature records from 470 terrestrial and 209 marine sites globally indicates that the median GMST of the warmest two-century-long interval was 0.7 °C warmer than 1800–1900 , and was centred around 6.5 ka.",1
"the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change'","While the effects of inter-decadal climate cycles on fire are superimposed on long-term climate change, the relative importance of anthropogenic climate change in explaining changes in burned area in Australia remains unquantified to a significant −1.9% yr -1 in the period 2001–2016 .",0
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],Constraints on the timing and rates of past climate changes have improved since AR5.,1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","Only six of the 17 taxes, where data are available, have reduced actual emissions subject to the tax.",1
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","In summary, although interannual variability is high in many regions, glacier mass records throughout the world show with very high confidence that the loss rate has been increasing in the last two decades .",0
The Great Barrier Reef is experiencing the most widespread bleaching ever recorded,Ocean warming and acidification harm red coral and communities hosting black coral .,1
"the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change'","The fire outbreaks were a consequence of multiple factors related to political, social, economic and environmental scenarios concomitant with the weakening of environmental governance, such as control and monitoring of deforestation and fire incidences programmes .",1
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,New estimates of SO2 emissions from explosive eruptions have been derived from satellite and in situ measurements .,1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,Surface-based networks have reduced in their coverage or range of variables measured due to COVID-19 and other factors.,1
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]",The century-scale climate–carbon cycle response to a CO2 removal from the atmosphere is not always equal and opposite to the response to a CO2 emission (medium confidence).,1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","An encouraging development for understanding climate variations over the past 250 years or so at the global and regional scale lies in the field of data rescue, in which hitherto hidden archives of meteorological data are brought to the forefront .",1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,This situation threatens human water security in the long term and poses an increasing risk to adaptation success in CSA Important progress has been made on climate change and water management policies in combination with more inclusive stakeholder processes.,1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"However,the low frequency of carbon observations in the interior of the vast ocean leads to medium confidence in the assessment of temporal variability in the rate of regional ocean CO2 storage and its controlling mechanisms.",1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"Insummary, under a past warming level of around 2.5°C–4°C, ice sheets in both hemispheres were reduced in extent compared to present .",1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"These changes have been predominantly ascribed to the impact of changes in the MOC on the transport of anthropogenic CO2 into the ocean interior due to regional climate variability, in addition to the increase in the atmospheric CO2 concentration .",1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,"However, they also contribute disproportionately to total annual anthropogenic GHG emissions globally and influence climate through land use change, processing and transport through emitting CO2, animal production by increasing methane emissions, and feed and manure production by emitting CO2, nitrous oxide, and methane, .",1
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,"Sea level rise hazards for coastal ecosystems, infrastructure, farmland, cities and settlements in a particular region are often driven by regional changes in relative sea level .",0
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],"In summary, based on the latest updates to satellite observations of stratospheric temperature, we assess that simulated and observed trends in global mean temperature through the depth of the stratosphere are more consistent than based on previous datasets, but some differences remain (medium confidence).",1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,Coastal erosion and flooding of Australasian beaches due to sea level rise .,1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"For example, sea level rise 50 years after a 1°C warming will be lower than sea level rise 150 years after that same 1°C warming , depending on whether near-term transient climate, end of the century, equilibrium climate or climate states after an initial overshoot are considered.",1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases",Around 46% of the pathways are consistent with an end-of-century temperature of at least likely limiting warming to below 2°C .,1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,Livestock production may account for 30% of all water and can negatively affect water quality.,1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"For RCP8.5, warming increases to 5.4°C and duration increases dramatically to 95.5 days Worldwide alterations in lake mixing regimes in response to climate change are projected .",1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],Heatwaves are projected to become more frequent and intense even at 1.5°C of global warming .,1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.",This will be the case even if global warming is stabilized at 1.5°C.,1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,Data from field campaigns suggest that a ‘suppression of cooling’ can explain the observed warming .,1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.",Heatwaves are projected to become more frequent and intense even at 1.5°C of global warming .,1
[climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.,"There is increasing awareness that climate change causes weather patterns and extreme events that directly harm military installations and readiness through infrastructure damage, loss of utilities, and loss of operational capability .",1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,International climate cooperation has long focused on supporting developing countries in building capacity to implement climate mitigation actions.,1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,The rapid pace of technological development and deployment in mitigation pathways is not incompatible with historical records.,1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,"At the ocean surface, temperature has on average increased by 0.88 °C from 1850–1900 to 2011–2020 .",1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists",This extreme drought also caused an increase in the occurrence and spread of fires in the basin .,1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"When decomposing emissions between two cases k and k–1, either the time-period, or the scenario remains constant.",1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.",There is growing confidence that modern reanalyses can provide another line of evidence in describing recent temperature trends .,1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,Greater lags in regions with faster warming.,1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,Records of CO2 from the AIS formed during the last glacial period and the LDT show century-scale fluctuations of up to 9.6 ppm .,1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",Northern Hemisphere spring snow cover extent will decrease by about 8% per 1°C of global surface air temperature change (up to 4°C above pre-industrial temperature) (medium confidence).,0
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,Not all emissions can be avoided.,1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,Melting of ice and warming of the atmosphere account for about 3% and 1% of the total change respectively.,1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,"Extreme climatic events in Australia from 2011 to 2017 led to abrupt and extensive mortality of key habitat-forming organisms — corals, kelps, seagrasses and mangroves — along over 45% of the continental coastline of Australia In 2016 and 2017, the GBR experienced consecutive occurrences of the most severe coral bleaching in recorded history .",1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.","In the next two decades, it is very likely that the SLCF emissions changes in the WGI core set of SSPs will cause a warming relative to 2019, whatever the SSPs, in addition to the warming from long-lived greenhouse gases.",0
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,Climate change is having major impacts on the region’s oceans .,0
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.",Higher CO2 reduces the nutritional density of crops and forage lands and can increase the production of toxins and allergenic pollen .,1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,Multiple measures show similar location changes Sudden stratospheric warming and on average occurs approximately 6 times per decade in the NH winter .,1
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,"In summary, our understanding of present-day global CO distribution has increased since AR5 with newer and improved observations and reanalysis.",1
[climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.,"Slow-moving, destructive storms like hurricanes Harvey and Florence have caused significant flooding .",1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,The dominant human influence on observed global warming and related water cycle changes was confirmed.,0
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,This is reflected in the higher proportion of freshwater hotspots impacted by humans .,1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","Thus, the level of confidence on the effect of SRM on carbon and other biogeochemical cycles is low.",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.",Climate change can cause significant impacts and as a result can impose considerable adaptation costs on countries and people.,1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,"As yet, these systems are not widely implemented and information on their climate change impacts is limited.",1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"The critique of ‘global’ studies by argues that their naming is misleading, that most of them are far from global, and that a considerable geographic and taxonomic bias remains.",1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,Stronger warming in the Arctic than the global average has already been observed .,1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,The AR5 concluded that ‘it is extremely likely that human influence has been the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century’ .,0
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,"NGHGI, based on IPCC guidelines, consider a much larger area of forest to be under human management than global models.",1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases","Warming cannot be limited to well below 2°C without rapid and deep reductions in energy system carbon dioxide , net energy system CO2 emissions with no or limited overshoot, net CO2 and GHG emissions fall by 35–51% and 38–52% respectively.",1
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","Mean temperatures over the region have increased by 0.7°C–1°C from 1973 to 2013, depending on the season .",1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",Global surface temperatures increased by about 0.1°C .,0
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists",The timing of ‘unseasonal’ cold spells also affect human health .,1
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","Contrary to constraints based on paleoclimates or global warming since the 1970s, when based on CMIP6 models a higher, yet still well-bounded ECS estimate of 3.7 °C is obtained .",1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,Temperature extremes have likely increased in the intensity and frequency of hot extremes and decreased in the intensity and frequency of cold extremes .,1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,"Anthropogenic global warming was estimated to be increasing at 0.2 ± 0.1°C per decade , increased droughts in some regions .",1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,"They found that anthropogenic forcing has caused a cooling of approximately 2°C–3°C in the upper stratosphere over the period of 1979–2015, with greenhouse gases contributing two thirds of this change and ozone depletion contributing one third.",1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,"Climate and climate change are also highly relevant to most other SDGs, and UNFCCC is acknowledged as the main forum to negotiate the global response to climate change.",0
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],This will be the case even if global warming is stabilized at 1.5°C.,1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"However, instability and/or irreversible loss of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, resulting in a multi-metre rise in sea level over hundreds to thousands of years, could be triggered at 1.5°C–2°C of global warming while under RCP8.5 multi-metre sea level rise is projected by then chance of limiting global warming to 1.5°C is about 580 GtCO2, and about 420 GtCO2 for a two-in-three .",1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.","In such situations, the need for active cooling technologies may arise, along with higher energy consumption and GHG emissions Changes in cloud formation can affect global solar irradiation and, therefore, the output of solar photovoltaic panels, possibly affecting on-site renewable energy production .",1
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","Taking all lines of evidence into account, the GMST averaged over the warmest centuries of the current interglacial period .",1
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,"Interactions between sea level rise and storm surges , and sea level and fluvial flooding are projected to lead to more frequent and intense compound coastal flooding events as sea levels continue to rise.",0
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says","As such, they can promote holistic, egalitarian approaches to enable, accelerate and deepen climate action and environmental care .",1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","However, recent global-scale analyses estimate lower contributions .",1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,"Future systems will generate electricity using different mixes of technologies, produce and transport different carriers .",1
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.","High CO2 concentrations are shown to potentially decrease plant ET and increase plant water-use efficiency, affecting soil moisture levels, but this effect interacts with other CO2 physiological and radiative effects .",0
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,Under one scenario including a peak and decline in atmospheric CO2 concentration .,1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,Although these rates are an order of magnitude lower than those directly observed over 1919–2019 CE .,1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.","Over time scales of 10 to 20 years, the global temperature response to a year’s worth of current emissions of SLCFs is at least as large as that due to a year’s worth of CO2 emissions would not only alleviate this warming but would turn this into a cooling of 0.07°C with a likely range of °C .",1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","Since the mid-20th century, extreme warm temperatures have increased and extreme cold temperatures have decreased in the region .",0
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,Improvements in air temperature datasets over the ocean and an improved understanding of the representation of the lowermost atmosphere over the ocean in models would reduce uncertainty in assessed changes in GSAT.,1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,"These differences have also been observed in former years That means, even moderate changes in the global mean temperature, as identified in the recent IPCC report SR1.5°C and in scientific literature , can mean substantial increases in risks for more than 3 billion people due to high levels of vulnerability.",1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,Climate change is not expected to substantially impact global solar insolation and will not compromise the ability of solar energy to support low-carbon transitions .,1
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,Technological change that is induced by an increase in price of a resource can never lead to an increase in use of that resource.,1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,There remains a paucity of data for observed climate-change impacts on Asian agriculture and food systems since the release of IPCC AR5.,1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","Thus, no official data exists yet on tracking progress of individual NDCs.",1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,"Understanding the global climate system requires both theoretical understanding and empirical measurement of the major forces and factors that govern the transport of energy and mass In addition to radiative transfer , who hypothesized vertical atmospheric circulatory cells driven by solar heating, and Hadley , who showed how the Earth’s rotation affects that circulation.",1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,This increase includes +0.34 W m–2 from increases in atmospheric concentrations of well-mixed greenhouse gases .,1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,"A recent global study concluded that reservoirs might emit more carbon than they bury, especially in the tropics .",1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,"Six months later in September 2019, young people and adults responded to a call to participate in climate strikes as part of the ‘Global Week for Future’ surrounding the UN Climate Action Summit , and the number of participants globally jumped to an estimated six million people .",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],In scenarios limiting warming to 1.5°C .,1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"Direct industry CO2 emissions have also declined in Latin America, Europe and Australia, Japan and New Zealand, and – to a smaller extent – in North America.",1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,The observations from the surface networks show that the abundance of dichloromethane continued to increase until 2019 .,1
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.","However, CO2 is not the only greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming and reducing emissions of other greenhouse gases (GHGs) alongside CO2 towards net zero emissions of all GHGs would lower the level at which global temperature would peak.",1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.",Areas with low or negative change have substantial land uplift counteracting the global mean sea level trend .,1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,Climate hazards undermine adaptation by damaging livelihoods .,1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,"The GCMs and ESMs compared in CMIP6 The FAR concluded that while both theory and models suggested that anthropogenic warming was already well underway, its signal could not yet be detected in observational data against the ‘noise’ of natural variability .",0
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","Solar radiation modification, in the literature also referred to as ‘solar geoengineering’, refers to the intentional modification of the Earth’s shortwave radiative budget, such as by increasing the reflection of sunlight back to space, with the aim of reducing warming.",1
[climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.,"Recent studies conclude that climate change can increase the severity and intensity of crises or even trigger disasters, particularly floods, storms, forest and wildfires, and droughts.",0
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","Over the 21st century, ocean heat and CO2 uptake will continue and sea ice loss from warming will allow some additional CO2 uptake , but the ocean will take up a smaller fraction of CO2 emissions as atmospheric CO2 concentrations rise There is very limited evidence on climate-driven air-quality changes in the coastal zone.",0
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","A low-likelihood, high-impact outcome would be several large eruptions that would greatly alter the 21st century climate trajectory compared to SSP-based Earth system model projections.",0
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,"Thus, the rate of change due to warming, and associated sea ice loss, is greater in the Arctic than in the Antarctic .",1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","Overall, sea level rise is projected to increase the risk of coastal flooding despite the potential slight reductions of marine storms .",1
"unadjusted data suggests that temperatures in Australia have only increased by 0.3 degrees over the past century, not the 1 degree usually claimed",Heatwave characteristics and hot extremes have increased across many Australian regions since the mid-20th century .,0
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,SRM would not counteract or stop ocean acidification (high confidence).,1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases","This Report adopts half-degree warming levels, which allows integration for climate projections, impacts, adaptation challenges and mitigation challenges within and across the three WGs.",1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","There is growing evidence on the interconnectedness of extreme weather, climate change and disaster impacts .",0
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,Climate change is having major impacts on the region’s oceans .,0
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,"At the national level, ocean governance for climate-change adaptation is often transversal, requiring consideration of biophysical and environmental conditions while fitting into existing economic and political processes.",1
Global warming is driving polar bears toward extinction,"Rapid warming and extreme temperatures in the Arctic is leading to unprecedented seasonal sea ice loss, permafrost thaw and increasing ocean temperatures.",1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,"At COP24 also, the Just Transition Silesia Declaration, focusing on the need to consider social aspects in designing policies for climate change mitigation was signed by 56 heads of state .",1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","At the end of the last very cold phase of the most recent Ice Age, about 11,500 years ago, temperatures rose extremely rapidly—as much as 10°C leading to migration.",1
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]","Finally, in assessing the relative impact of CO2 radiative forcing and plant physiological changes in quadrupled CO2 experiments in four Earth system models, Cui et al showed little impact of plant physiology on annual rainfall for the Indian region.",1
"Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming","Rapid warming and extreme temperatures in the Arctic is leading to unprecedented seasonal sea ice loss, permafrost thaw and increasing ocean temperatures.",0
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","Consistent with the AR5 assessment, there is high confidence that SRM would not mitigate CO2 -induced ocean acidification .",1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","The Greenland Ice Sheet has lost 4890 Gt mass over the period 1992–2020, equivalent to 13.5 mm global mean sea level rise.",0
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says","In addition, CMIP6 climate models project a shallowing of the mixed-layer in summer and winter by the end of the century under increased radiative forcing , with the exception of the Arctic showing deepening of the mixed layer as a result of sea ice retreat .",1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,"This occurs despite increasing consensus among journalists regarding the basic scientific understanding of climate change Accurate transference of the climate science has been undermined significantly by climate change counter-movements, particularly in the USA in both legacy and new/social media environments through misinformation , including about the causes and consequences of climate change .",0
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,The 2018 UN Environment Programme’s actors and assessed the landscape of studies aiming to quantify their contributions to global climate mitigation.,1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","Under higher emissions scenarios and increasing climate hazards, the potential for social tipping points increases (medium confidence).",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],"The combination of new observations with other sources of information has led to updated estimates of heat storage in inland waters , contributing to revised estimates of heat storage on the continents The ongoing collection of information about the atmosphere as it evolves is supplemented by the reconstruction and digitization of data about past conditions.",1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.",Projected changes in wind and solar potential are uncertain; the trends vary by region and season .,1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","More recent sea ice reconstructions are based on diverse sources including whaling records , old ship logbooks , and ice core records , amongst other methods .",1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,Apart from land subsidence from urbanisation .,1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],This larger warming in the upper troposphere than at the surface has been observed over the last 20 years thanks to the availability of sufficiently accurate observations .,1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,Global levels of flood displacement are estimated to increase by 50% with each 1°C warming .,1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","In general, achieving net zero CO2 emissions and declining non-CO2 radiative forcing would be sufficient to prevent additional human-caused warming.",0
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","By 2030, GSAT in any individual year could exceed 1.5°C relative to 1850–1900 with a likelihood between 40% and 60%, across the scenarios considered here .",1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,"Mean temperatures over the region have increased by 0.7°C–1°C from 1973 to 2013, depending on the season .",1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,It is very likely that global mean stratospheric cooling will be larger by the end of the 21st century in a pathway with higher atmospheric CO2 concentrations.,1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,"Heat and humidity affect livestock, such as dairy cows and goats, directly exposed in open barns and outdoors , and cold-adapted husbandry , nutrition, behaviour and welfare , performance and product quality .",1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","All regions, except the equatorial ocean, contribute to varying extents to the multi-decadal trend of growth in the global ocean sink Regional decadal-scale anomalies in the variability of ocean CO2 storage have also emerged, probably associated with changes in the MOC, which may influence the global variability in Fnet .",1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,The aerosol-induced warming would also offset some of the GHG-induced stratospheric cooling.,1
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","It further assessed that Antarctic ice loss is dominated by acceleration, retreat and rapid thinning of the major West Antarctic Ice Sheet outlet glaciers .",0
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"At the end of the last very cold phase of the most recent Ice Age, about 11,500 years ago, temperatures rose extremely rapidly—as much as 10°C leading to migration.",1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",This larger warming in the upper troposphere than at the surface has been observed over the last 20 years thanks to the availability of sufficiently accurate observations .,1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,"Since then, thousands of new studies and additional species have been added, leading to higher confidence in climate change attribution .",0
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],"Climate has always varied and changed in the past, and this change often caused substantial ecological, evolutionary and socioeconomic impacts.",1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,"Water pollution and climate stressors have been considered major challenges to ecosystem sustainability, and now it has been shown that the combined effect these two stressors would be more damaging .",1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization","In summary, rates of RSL rise exceeding the pre-industrial background rate of rise are apparent in parts of the North Atlantic in the 19th century (medium confidence), and in most of the world in the 20th century (high confidence).",0
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"A negative or positive scenario dependence of the AIS response this century cannot be deduced from recent observations, because there is still low confidence in attributing the causes of observed mass loss .",1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","Mean air temperature: Since AR5, studies have confirmed that the mean warming trend in Europe is increasing , invasive allergens , SST thresholds in the Mediterranean .",0
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases",This pattern is evident at 1.5°C of global warming and the magnitude of change increases at higher warming levels .,1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","As reported in Chapter 3, in scenarios limiting warming to 1.5°C million square kilometres .",1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,"In summary, based on CMIP5 and CMIP6 results, there is no robust evidence that the observed changes in either the Atlantic Niño or AMM modes and associated teleconnections over the second half of the 20th century are beyond the range of internal variability or have been influenced by natural or anthropogenic forcing.",1
"unadjusted data suggests that temperatures in Australia have only increased by 0.3 degrees over the past century, not the 1 degree usually claimed",Land-use and land-cover change have increased dust emissions in Australia in the past 200 years .,1
The Great Barrier Reef is experiencing the most widespread bleaching ever recorded,"In the Great Barrier Reef, Australia sea level rise and sea level global temperature warming affects fisheries’ productivity and tourism .",1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.","Extreme weather can lead to other impactful events such as droughts, floods or wildfires.",1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.","As climate change is a multi-scale phenomenon, from the local to the global, the assessment of climate risks and climate change impacts is strongly spatial, with a focus on regional climate change.",1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"Global mean concentrations for well-mixed GHGs of CO2, 1866.3 parts per billion , and 4–5 times faster than during the last 56 million years (low confidence).",1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.",Climate change is not expected to substantially impact global solar insolation and will not compromise the ability of solar energy to support low-carbon transitions .,1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","There is robust evidence that floods and droughts have, mainly through adverse impacts on agriculture .",1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","High rates of sea level rise in the North Indian Ocean are accompanied by a weakening summer South Asian monsoon circulation The Arctic ocean is typically excluded from global sea level studies, owing to the uncertainties associated with resolving sea level in ice-covered regions, strong variations in gravitational, rotational, and deformational .",1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases",This means that the CO2 concentration accompanying specific global warming levels may be too low and lead to overly large projections of soil moisture decrease in those models.,1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases","Ocean warming accounted for 91% of the heating in the climate system, with land warming, ice loss and atmospheric warming accounting for about 5%, 3% and 1%, respectively .",1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.",Anthropogenic climate change is unequivocal and ongoing.,1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","Other potential mechanisms are poor harvests from droughts or supply interruptions from extreme weather events leading to undernutrition among young children, negatively affecting cognitive development and schooling potential More research is needed on climate change impacts on education in Africa.",1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"At the ocean surface, temperature has on average increased by 0.88 °C from 1850–1900 to 2011–2020 .",1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,"The number of people affected reduces to 0.4 billion and 22 million, respectively, under a sustainable development scenario with global warming below 2°C .",1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.",Global climate model simulations show that solar panels induce regional cooling by converting part of the incoming solar energy to electricity .,1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,Freshwater is the most essential natural resource on the planet and underpins almost all Sustainable Development Goals .,1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","Future projections significantly depend on bioenergy production, signalling one of the feedbacks between responses to climate change and climate risks.",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],"There has been a small (1%) increase in the stratospheric-temperature-adjusted CO2 radiative efficiency, and a +5% tropospheric adjustment has been added.",1
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.",Human influence has been a major driver of regional mean temperature change since 1950 in many sub-continental regions of the world (virtually certain).,1
The Great Barrier Reef is experiencing the most widespread bleaching ever recorded,"Marine heatwaves , affecting resources like copepods and coral reefs .",1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.","The RCP and SSP scenarios, which form the basis for climate projections assessed in this Report, are designed to span a plausible range of future pathways , and the amplitude of changes in solar activity, before satellite observations.",1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,Carsharing can reduce carbon emissions by over 50% .,1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,The AR5 concluded that ‘it is extremely likely that human influence has been the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century’ .,1
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,"The projected contribution of global groundwater depletion to sea level rise is expected to increase from 0.57 mm year –1 by 2050, driven by a growing trend in groundwater extraction .",0
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,"In general, achieving net zero CO2 emissions and declining non-CO2 radiative forcing would be sufficient to prevent additional human-caused warming.",0
The polar bear population has been growing.,"In all other regions, they were growing – most rapidly in southern Asia .",1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"Low-carbon indices have proliferated in recent years, with varying approaches including reduced exposure to fossil, best-in-class performers within a sector, and fossil-free .",1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,"Observations in the contemporary period provide little direct constraint on the modelled responses of PP to climate change, partly due to insufficiently long records .",1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,The pulp and paper industry can also be a source of biogenic carbon dioxide and carbon for organic chemicals feedstock and carbon dioxide removal (CDR) using CCS.,1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",Temperature: holding the global average temperature increase to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.ii.,1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"There is still limited evidence on how climate change impacts wind, solar and biomass energy production and their use.",1
"Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming",Glaciers lost 6200 Gt of mass .,1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","At sustained warming levels between 1.5°C and 2°C, the Arctic Ocean will become practically sea ice-free in September in some years ; the permafrost volume in the top 3 m will decrease by up to 50% relative to 1995–2014 .",1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"In a multi-country assessment of acceptance of global warming influenced by ideology Political affiliation and partisan group identity contribute to polarisation on the causes and state of climate change, most notably in the USA .",0
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says","In summary, the combination of observational, numerical and paleoclimate evidence provides us with medium confidence that the lower cell will continue decreasing in the 21st century as a result of increased basal melt from the Antarctic Ice Sheet.",1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"The frequency of very hot days , and cold nights have become less frequent .",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.",Anthropogenic climate change is unequivocal and ongoing.,1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"The principal contribution to increasing global ocean carbon is the air–sea flux of CO2, which changes the dissolved inorganic carbon .",1
The polar bear population has been growing.,"Ice-associated marine mammals, such as polar bears, seals and walruses, have declined precipitously with decreasing sea ice in the Bering Sea, and widespread ecosystem changes from fish through birds and marine mammal species have altered the system with uncertain outcomes for these productive ice-driven ecosystems.",0
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","In March 2019, the first global climate strike took place, turning out more than one million people around the world .",1
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,The processes that translate emissions of CO2 into a change in global temperature .,1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,It may also be ‘non-viable’ or damaging to livelihoods in the long run .,1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.",The AR5 concluded that ‘it is extremely likely that human influence has been the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century’ .,0
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,The magnitude of the responses of each individual process and how linearly proportional these feedbacks are to the amount of global warming is known with low confidence due to incomplete representation of important processes in models combined with weak observational constraints.,1
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,Climate change is conceptualised as one of many factors that interact to raise tensions through diverse causal mechanisms and as part of the peace-vulnerability-development nexus .,1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","Mean air temperature: A long-term warming trend in annual mean surface temperature has been observed across Asia during 1960–2015, and the warming accelerated after the 1970s .",0
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"Global mean concentrations for well-mixed GHGs of CO2, 1866.3 parts per billion , and 4–5 times faster than during the last 56 million years (low confidence).",1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.",It is very likely that global mean stratospheric cooling will be larger by the end of the 21st century in a pathway with higher atmospheric CO2 concentrations.,1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,This stands in contrast to the equilibrium warming pattern either inferred from the proxy record or simulated by ESMs under CO2 forcing.,1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,The rate of ice-sheet for 2006–2018 .,1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,The magnitude of change differs significantly among models.,0
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"In summary, multiple lines of observational and modelling evidence provide high confidence in the finding that the ocean sink for anthropogenic CO2 has increased quasi-linearly over the past 60 years in response to growing global emissions of anthropogenic CO2, with a mean fraction of 23% of total emissions.",0
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"However, long multi-centennial or millennial model runs under higher-than-pre-industrial CO2 concentrations show that, after 500–1000 years, ventilation in the Southern Ocean resumes, and possibly overshoots with enhanced convection in the Weddell and Ross seas, leading to enhanced bottom water ventilation globally .",1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2",Global ocean heat uptake is a smaller source of uncertainty in centennial-time scale surface warming .,1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,The difference in observed warming trends between cities and their surroundings can partly be attributed to urbanization (very high confidence).,1
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,"A recent global study concluded that reservoirs might emit more carbon than they bury, especially in the tropics .",1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2",It is important to note that the fraction of non-CO2 forcing to total forcing is not a fixed quantity and is dependent on the recent history of growth .,1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,An independent assessment is underway to look at the compliance of the Paris Agreement with regard to technology and capacity building as means of implementation.,1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,"The fraction of CO2 removed that remains out of the atmosphere, a measure of CDR effectiveness, decreases slightly with increasing amount of removal (medium confidence) and decreases strongly if CDR is applied at lower CO2 concentrations (medium confidence).",1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,"In other words, rebound effects associated with induced technological change can never offset the saving effect of that technological change The impact of energy prices on the size of low-carbon technological change is supported by large number of empirical studies .",1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,Terrestrial ecosystems contain carbon stocks: 450 GtC .,1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,"They perceive the climate to be changing, most often reporting changes in rainfall variability, increased dry spells, decreases in rainfall and increased temperatures or temperature extremes.",1
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]","Higher atmospheric CO2 favours plant growth if soil quality and condition are sufficient, but benefits can be offset by increased heat and water stress associated with climate change .",0
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"For scenarios that reach net zero carbon dioxide emissions, the uncertainty in the ERF values of aerosol and other short-lived climate forcers contribute substantial uncertainty in projected temperature.",1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.",While climate change will affect energy systems .,1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,"It shows the number of media science stories in those sources grew steadily from 47,376 per annum to 86,587 per annum between 2017 and 2021 across print, broadcast, digital media and entertainment However, increasing media coverage does not always lead to more accurate coverage of climate change mitigation, as it can also spur diffusion of misinformation .",1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"For a 4°C global warming, the changes are −48%, −14%, +135%, +213% and +350% respectively.",1
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,"Climate change is improving access to natural resources in the Arctic with consequences for human safety , a situation that could support continued global dependence on relatively cheap and abundant fossil fuels resources and contribute to further warming.",1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization","If not well designed, such investments are prone to maladaptation, such as exposure to sea level rise.",1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","Ice discharge around the West Antarctic Ice Sheet is strongly influenced by variability in basal melt , in particular at decadal and longer time scales .",1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","There was high confidence that global warming was already causing an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather and climate events, impacting ecosystems, food security, disturbances and production processes, with existing .",0
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]",Climate change is not expected to substantially impact global solar insolation and will not compromise the ability of solar energy to support low-carbon transitions .,1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","These differences have also been observed in former years That means, even moderate changes in the global mean temperature, as identified in the recent IPCC report SR1.5°C and in scientific literature , can mean substantial increases in risks for more than 3 billion people due to high levels of vulnerability.",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,Estimates of total ice loss during the post-1850 period and recent observations show that the rate of loss has increased since the beginning of the 21st century of ice between 1992 and 2020 .,0
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]",The peripheral glaciers in NE Greenland experienced a 23% increase in mass loss in 1980–2014 compared to the period 1910 to 1978–1987 .,0
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists",Volcanic eruptions and the solar cycle were found not to affect long-term stratospheric temperature trends but to have short-term influences.,0
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","Mean temperatures over the region have increased by 0.7°C–1°C from 1973 to 2013, depending on the season .",1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,"Antarctic sea ice area is also projected to decrease during the 21st century, but due to mismatches between model simulations and observations, combined with a lack of understanding of reasons for substantial inter-model spread, there is low confidence in model projections of future Antarctic sea ice changes, particularly at the regional level .",0
"the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change'",Climate change is not the sole cause of the increase in forest fire severity .,0
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,Changes in anthropogenic aerosol concentrations have likely affected trends in hot extremes in some regions.,1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","The ongoing loss of these natural, high-resolution climate archives endanger an end in their coverage over recent decades, given that many of the longest monthly- to annually-resolved paleoclimate records were collected in the 1960s to 1990s .",1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","The IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (SROCC) identified climate change impacts of warming, deoxygenation and acidification of the ocean and reductions in snow, sea ice and glaciers as having major negative impacts on fisheries and crops watered from mountain runoff and agriculture.",1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","Records start in the late 1800s, with in excess of 10 gauges reporting since the 1920s, expanding to about 80 gauges in the 1980s, but the number of stations has declined since.",1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.",King et al show that aerosol-induced cooling delayed the timing of a significant human contribution to record-breaking heat extremes in some regions.,1
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","There is apparent glacial intensification following the MPWP, 2.75–2.72 Myr .",1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,At large scales the dominant effect of aerosols on the carbon cycle is likely a global cooling effect of the climate .,1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","In New Zealand, an increase of 1.1°C has been measured from 1909–2016 .",1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","Longer records are available from tide gauges, albeit with variable coverage by basin.",1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",This is well illustrated by growing attention to climate security.,1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","Ocean pH and oxygen levels are declining, whereas global warming, sea level rise and extreme events are increasing .",0
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records",Although these rates are an order of magnitude lower than those directly observed over 1919–2019 CE .,1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.",Climate change has added to these stressors: warming temperature leads to more extreme weather conditions that are conducive to increasingly severe wildfires.,0
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,"Given that CO2 emissions constitute the dominant human influence on global climate, global net zero CO2 emissions are a prerequisite for stabilising warming at any level.",0
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","Mean air temperature: A long-term warming trend in annual mean surface temperature has been observed across Asia during 1960–2015, and the warming accelerated after the 1970s .",1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","The combination of new observations with other sources of information has led to updated estimates of heat storage in inland waters , contributing to revised estimates of heat storage on the continents The ongoing collection of information about the atmosphere as it evolves is supplemented by the reconstruction and digitization of data about past conditions.",1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,"Last, the first observed climatology of snowfall over Antarctica was obtained using the cloud/precipitation radar onboard NASA’s CloudSat .",1
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","Scale: RegionalIssue: Complex ramifications of glacial retreat on vegetation, animals, herders and urban populationsAccelerated warming is shrinking tropical glaciers at rates unseen since the middle of the Little Ice Age .",0
Global warming is driving polar bears toward extinction,"As a result, keeping a cooler average global temperature will lead to lower extinction risks.",0
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,"Duration of freshwater lake ice across the northern USA and southern Canada is projected to diminish Ocean surface temperature is very likely to increase in future decades in waters around North America , but at a slower rate than air temperature over the continent.",1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","Under continued climate change, increased temperature, aridity, drought, wildfire .",1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says","Records also indicate a higher rate of warming in minimum temperatures than maximum temperatures in Asia, leading to more frequent warm nights and warm days, and less frequent cold days and cold nights Projections show continued warming over Asia in the future with contrasted regional patterns across the continent , but EAS, SAS and SEA have a lower projected warming of less than 5°C .",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],"Last, the first observed climatology of snowfall over Antarctica was obtained using the cloud/precipitation radar onboard NASA’s CloudSat .",1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,Climate change will not affect wind and solar resources to the extent that it would compromise their ability to reduce emissions.,1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","Sea level rise is creating conditions where considerable financial investments are needed and, in many cases, are being raised to address adaptation needs .",1
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","The reconstructions of glacier variations show that the glaciers in some regions are now smaller than previously recorded: since the mid-16th century in the Mont Blanc and Grindelwald regions of the European Alps , since the 9th century in Norway , and for the past 1800 years in north-west Iceland .",0
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,Leduc et al suggested further that a declining strength of snow and sea ice feedbacks in a warmer world would also contribute to a smaller TCRE at high amounts of cumulative emissions.,1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"Widespread and rapid changes in the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere and biosphere have occurred has warmed since the 1970s and extremely likely that human influence is the main driver.",0
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says","Despite lower global precipitation amounts, research since AR5 has identified a wetting of mid-latitudes during the LGM , thereby complicating the characterization of the LGM as a relatively ‘dry’ period.",1
[climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.,"Climate change could worsen risks from extreme heat in North American cities, especially where there is limited adaptation .",1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,"These prior assessments filled in projections for models that did not provide GMTSL rise for all scenarios, by calculating the heat content of the climate system from global surface air temperature and net radiative flux, then converting this to GMTSL rise using each model’s diagnosed expansion efficiency coefficient.",1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","In the 21st century, heatwaves have become hotter, longer and more extended compared to the last two decades of the 20th century .",1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,"This assessed change in temperature before 1850–1900 is not included in the AR6 assessment of global warming to date, to ensure consistency with previous IPCC assessment reports, and because of the lower confidence in the estimate.",1
"the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change'","Climate change, human activity and lightning determine increases in wildfire severity and area burned in North Asia and nearly doubled between 1970 and 1990 .",0
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,Wind turbines alter the transport and dissipation of momentum near the surface but do not directly impact the Earth’s energy balanceBox 6.7.,1
"unadjusted data suggests that temperatures in Australia have only increased by 0.3 degrees over the past century, not the 1 degree usually claimed","The mean temperature in Australasia is virtually certain to continue to rise through the 21st century, accompanied by less frequent cold extremes (virtually certain) and frost days (high confidence), and more frequent hot extremes (virtually certain).",0
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"Also, some media outlets have recently adopted and promoted terms and phrases stronger than the more neutral ‘climate change’ and ‘global warming’, including ‘climate crisis’, ‘global heating’, and ‘climate emergency’ .",1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","Ocean pH and oxygen levels are declining, whereas global warming, sea level rise and extreme events are increasing .",0
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases",An additional comparison of risk levels under +1.5°C and +2°C suggests that every additional 0.5°C of global warming will increase the risk level by about a third.,1
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,These reductions have only partly offset global emissions growth (high confidence).,1
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,"Land clathrates are formed at depths greater than 200 m , which precludes a substantial response to global warming over the next few centuries and associated emissions.",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","Studies conducted in the Solomon Islands and Tuvalu found qualitative and quantitative evidence of experiences of climate change and worry about the future, with negative impacts on respondents’ well-being Heat is one of the best-studied aspects of climate change observed to reduce well-being .",1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,"Heat load in cattle leads to reduced growth rates and reproduction, and extreme heat waves can lead to death .",1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records",Climate change is now creating additional challenges for Indigenous Peoples.,1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,"Freezing rain and ice storms can be treacherous for road and air travel , and can knock down power and telecommunication lines if ice accumulation is high .",1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","They showed in Shyamnagar Upazilla in Satkhira district the proportion of salinity-free farmland has gone down over the past 20 years, from more than 60% to nil .",1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,It can be traced back to the late 1970s and the US National Climate Program Act of 1978 .,1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],Data from field campaigns suggest that a ‘suppression of cooling’ can explain the observed warming .,1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,"For instance, the PV CYCLE programme in Europe prevented more than 30,000 metric tonnes of renewable technology from reaching the waste stream (Box 10.6 and ‘circular economy’ in Glossary).",1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,Smoliak et al performed their dynamical adjustment using partial least squares regression of temperature to remove variations arising from sea level pressure changes.,1
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,The potential for flooding and inundation depends on the relative sea level rise .,1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,"In the IPCC AR6, ‘risk’ is defined as the potential for adverse consequences for human or ecological systems, recognising the diversity of values and objectives associated with such systems.",1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.",There is no evidence for changes in tornado frequencies in Europe in the observations as well as in future climate projections.,1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"People came into North America more than 15,000 years ago and have experienced both massive and minor shifts in climate ever since.",1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,"Furthermore, Buchholz et al report a slowdown in global CO decline in 2010–2018 compared to 2002–2010, although the magnitude and sign of this change in the trend varies regionally.",1
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","The global mean surface temperature change, or ‘global warming level’ .",1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,Exceeding a specific remaining carbon budget results in higher global warming.,1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says","Under the SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, it is likely that the Arctic Ocean in September, the month of annual minimum sea ice area, will become practically ice-free than in September .",1
"the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change'","In Australia, during 1987–2016, natural disasters caused an estimated 971 deaths and 4370 injuries, 24,120 people were made homeless and about 9 million people were affected .",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],Given the strength of relationship between past GSAT and warming trends at lake surfaces .,1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,Observations of climate changeThe SR1.5 estimated with high confidence that human activities caused a global warming of approximately 1°C between the 1850–1900 period and 2017.,0
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.","High CO2 concentration affects total biomass and plant sugar content important to bioenergy production , but also helps some pests and weeds flourish , while potentially shifting the effectiveness of herbicides .",0
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","The clear-cut inside indigenous territories more than doubled from 2018 to 2019 and, despite it decreasing from the 2019 rate, during 2020 it was the highest since 2008.",1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records",Observations from time series longer than modes of natural variability .,1
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,"Despite updated emissions datasets, the global multi-model and single-model simulations persistently underestimate observed CO concentrations at northern high and mid-latitudes as well as in the Southern Hemisphere, but with smaller biases compared with that in the Northern Hemisphere .",1
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,"Widespread and rapid changes in the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere and biosphere have occurred has warmed since the 1970s and extremely likely that human influence is the main driver.",0
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","It is therefore more likely than not that no multi-centennial interval during the post-glacial period was warmer globally than the most recent decade ; the LIG indicate that MH warmth was most pronounced north of 30°N latitude, and that GMST subsequently decreased in general, albeit with multi-century variability, with greater cooling in the NH than in the SH The temperature history of the last millennium and the methods used to reconstruct it have been studied extensively, both prior to and following AR5, as summarized recently by Smerdon and Pollack and Christiansen and Ljungqvist .",0
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"Over a 100-year time horizon, this warming is +0.0017°C ± 0.00017°C and +0.0001°C ± 0.000079°C, respectively .",1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,The same applies to other sources of climate information.,1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,The rate of Arctic surface warming will continue to exceed the global average over this century (high confidence).,0
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,But even smaller-scale low-carbon energy and infrastructure projects can fail to get off the ground if uncertainty and investment risk discourage project planning and bank-lending programmes .,1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],The total human-forced GSAT change from 1750 to 2019 is calculated to be 1.29 °C.,1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,The Amazon has been identified as one of the areas of persistent and emergent regional climate-change hotspots in response to various representative concentration pathways .,1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization","The results of Gregory et al show that, if the ice sheet loses mass equivalent to about 3–3.5 m of sea level rise, it would not regrow to its present state, and 2 m of the sea level rise would be irreversible.",0
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","The majority of the climate science community has reached consensus that mean global temperature has increased and human activity is a major cause , setting the context for public policy action.",1
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,Under the assumption that other contributors to extreme sea levels remain constant to 82% .,1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.","There is growing evidence on the interconnectedness of extreme weather, climate change and disaster impacts .",0
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"The degree to which N2O production impacted PETM warming, however, has not yet been established.",1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"For instance, all of the 1.5°C scenarios used in IPCC deploy carbon dioxide removal technologies .",1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,Day-to-day variations in temperature also appear important.,1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"However, very few studies have quantified the impact of these policies on climate.",1
The polar bear population has been growing.,Shipping in the Arctic is a topic of increasing interest.,1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,"Ruminant livestock rearing takes place on vast tracts of pasture land worldwide, contributing to large quantities of CH4 emissions from enteric fermentation in Latin America , Southern Asia In all regions, the amount of land required per unit of agricultural output has decreased significantly from 2010 to 2019, with a global average of –2.2% yr –1 Global diets are a key driver of production per capita, and thus land pressure and AFOLU emissions .",0
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,"The highest increase of temperature of coldest days is projected in Arctic regions, at about three times the rate of global warming (high confidence).",1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,In 2015 the world concluded four major agreements that are very relevant to climate action.,0
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,"These studies were not designed or conducted in a manner to make climate change attribution possible, although many vegetation changes are consistent with climate change.",1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,"In conclusion, the observed small increase in Antarctic sea ice extent during the satellite era is not generally captured by global climate models, and there is low confidence in attributing the causes of the change.",1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,Human-induced greenhouse gas forcing is the main driver of the observed changes in hot and cold extremes on the global scale (virtually certain ) and on most continents (very likely ).,0
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization","It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the atmosphere, ocean and land since pre-industrial times.",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],This will be the case even if global warming is stabilized at 1.5°C.,1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"The Greenland Ice Sheet has lost 4890 Gt mass over the period 1992–2020, equivalent to 13.5 mm global mean sea level rise.",1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","The highest increase of temperature of hottest days is projected in some mid-latitude and semi-arid regions and in the South American Monsoon region, at about 1.5 times to twice the rate of global warming (high confidence).",1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"Under a ‘slow decline’ scenario by 2060 where Australia fails to adequately address climate change and sustainability challenges, GDP is projected to grow at 0.7% less per year and real wages would be 50% lower than under an ‘outlook scenario’ where Australia meets climate change and sustainability challenges In New Zealand, the value of buildings exposed to coastal inundation could increase by NZD$2.55 billion for every 0.1-m increment in sea level, that is, NZD$25.5 billion for a 1.0-m sea level rise .",1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.",Because really extreme events occur rarely was three to ten times more likely as the result of climate change.,1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"A positive trend has been observed in the Northern Annular Mode , but the detection and attribution of these changes remain difficult .",1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,"These impacts are driven by changes in temperature, precipitation, irrigation developments, population growth, agricultural policies and markets .",1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"The natural response of land to human-induced environmental change – such as increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration, nitrogen deposition and climate change – caused a net CO2 sink equivalent of around 29% of total CO2 emissions .",0
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,"Since then, increased warming and progressively more conclusive attribution studies have identified human activities as the ‘dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century’ .",1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,"This assessed change in temperature before 1850–1900 is not included in the AR6 assessment of global warming to date, to ensure consistency with previous IPCC assessment reports, and because of the lower confidence in the estimate.",1
"Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming","Glaciers in New Zealand’s southern alps have lost one third of their mass since 1977 , and glacier mass loss in 2018 was at least 10 times more likely to occur with anthropogenic forcing than without .",0
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,Sea ice loss due to climate change is expected to accelerate over the next century .,0
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,"The magnitude of cascading changes over the next two centuries includes regional warming and temperature extremes, permafrost declines and sea ice loss beyond that experienced in human existence.",0
[climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.,Fear-inducing representations of climate change may inhibit action when they make people feel helpless .,1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","Over time scales of 10 to 20 years, the global temperature response to a year’s worth of current emissions of SLCFs is at least as large as that due to a year’s worth of CO2 emissions would not only alleviate this warming but would turn this into a cooling of 0.07°C with a likely range of °C .",0
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,"There is limited evidence that extreme wind speeds, which can damage wind turbines, will increase due to climate change .",1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","Mean air temperature: Across Australia mean temperatures have increased by 1.44°C ± 0.24°C during the period 1910–2019, with most of the warming occurring since 1950 .",0
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,"Modelling studies consistently show that, relative to a high-CO2 world without SRM, SRM-induced cooling .",1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,"Water pollution and climate stressors have been considered major challenges to ecosystem sustainability, and now it has been shown that the combined effect these two stressors would be more damaging .",0
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,It has first been used to separate internal modes of interannual and decadal variability from slowly varying and externally-forced variability in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans .,1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,"For present-day emissions, agriculture is the second largest contributor to warming on short time scales but with a small persisting effect on surface temperature after a pulse of current emissions .",0
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",The growing interest in longer-term climate forecasts .,1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"Sea level extremes and their physical impacts in the coastal zone arise from a complex set of atmospheric, oceanic, and terrestrial processes that interact on a range of spatial and temporal scales and will be modified by a changing climate, including sea level rise .",0
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"Due to limited observations prior to the satellite era, long-term global CO trends are based on estimates from models.",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],"Widespread and rapid changes in the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere and biosphere have occurred has warmed since the 1970s and extremely likely that human influence is the main driver.",0
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"An increase of global CO burden of about 50% for the year 2000 relative to 1850 is found in CMIP6 The AR5 reported a global CO decline of about 1% yr–1based on satellite data from 2002–2010, but biases in instruments rendered low confidence in this trend.",1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"Coastal energy facilities could potentially be impacted by sea level rise The energy sector uses large volumes of water , making it highly vulnerable to climate change .",1
The Great Barrier Reef is experiencing the most widespread bleaching ever recorded,"Coral reefs in Australia are at very high risk of continued negative effects on ecosystem structure and function , cultural well-being , food provision , coastal protection and tourism .",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,"If warming exceeds around 3°C above pre-industrial, part of the EAIS , or much faster under widespread ice-shelf loss and/or MICI .",1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says","In the Northern Hemisphere high latitudes, the snow- and ice-albedo feedback, along with other factors, is projected to largely amplify temperature increases , although the effect on temperature extremes is still unclear.",0
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.",The processes that translate emissions of CO2 into a change in global temperature .,1
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,It also interacts with the response of the climate system to external forcing.,1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","In a changing climate, people frequently ask whether extreme events are generally becoming more severe or more frequent, and whether an actual extreme event was caused by climate change.",1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,The AR5 concluded that ‘it is extremely likely that human influence has been the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century’ .,0
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,"Sea level rise is creating conditions where considerable financial investments are needed and, in many cases, are being raised to address adaptation needs .",0
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","For all regions with long-term observations, glacier mass in the decade 2010–2019 was the smallest since at least the beginning of the 20th century , and an increase in snowfall, possibly caused by increases in evapotranspiration from irrigated agriculture .",0
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"The global lifetimes of several ozone-depleting substances have been updated , in particular for CFC-11 from 45 to 52 years.",1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"Estimated storage timescales vary from decades to centuries for methods that store carbon in vegetation and through soil carbon management, to ten thousand years or more for methods that store carbon in geological formations.",1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases","Over time scales of 10 to 20 years, the global temperature response to a year’s worth of current emissions of SLCFs is at least as large as that due to a year’s worth of CO2 emissions would not only alleviate this warming but would turn this into a cooling of 0.07°C with a likely range of °C .",1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"Remaining carbon budgets for limiting warming to 1.5°C, 1.7°C, and 2.0°C are 140 PgC , respectively, based on the 50th percentile of TCRE.",1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"The projected increase in climate hazards, in combination with high regional vulnerability and exposure make it a prominent ‘climate change hotspot’ , with a large number of vulnerable natural systems and socioeconomic sectors .",1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.",Climate change causes intensified droughts and greater wind erosion resulting in increased intensity and frequency of sand and dust storms .,0
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,"Notably, these costs need not exceed those of more polluting alternatives .",1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.",The impacts from extreme events depend not just on physical climate system hazards .,1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,"Since AR5, the formal dialogue between the scientific and policy communities has been strengthened through a new science– policy interface, the Structured Expert Dialogue goal in light of the ultimate objective of the convention’ and the ‘overall progress made towards achieving the long-term global goal, including a consideration of the implementation of the commitments under the Convention.’The SED of the first periodic review provided an important opportunity for face-to-face dialogue between decision makers and experts on review themes, based on ‘the best available scientific knowledge, including the assessment reports of the IPCC.’ That SED was instrumental in informing the long-term global goal of the PA and in providing the scientific argument for the consideration of limiting warming to 1.5°C warming .",0
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","Climate change has already changed the start and duration of the growing season and increased variability of rainfall in some places, with impacts on food intake and nutritional status and income for low-income and small-scale producers .",1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,A significant increase in the intensity and frequency of warm extremes and length of heatwaves and a decrease in the frequency of cold extremes were likely observed .,1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,"The latter emphasises the central role of structures of power and production, and a commitment to economic growth and capital accumulation in relation to climate action, given the historically central role of fossil fuels to economic development and the deep embedding of fossil energy in daily life The economic centrality of fossil fuels raises obvious questions regarding the possibility of decarbonisation.",1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",Some research has found a negative effect of extreme cold on well-being ; increasing winter temperatures associated with climate change could serve to compensate for the impact of increased summer temperatures.,1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,"In contrast, cooking has a much higher share of building energy use in regions of the Global South, including China .",1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization",Areas with low or negative change have substantial land uplift counteracting the global mean sea level trend .,1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","Carbon is a key building block in organic chemicals, fuels and materials, and will remain important (high confidence).",1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,The multi-model mean captures most aspects of observed climate change well (high confidence).,1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","These conditions constitute multiple lines of evidence, which, when they converge, can provide very high confidence that climate change is the causal driver of an observed change in a particular biological species or system Important factors that may confound or obscure effects of climate change are the presence of invasive species, changes in land use .",1
"Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming",Peatland ecosystems may increase on the west Antarctic Peninsula with future warming .,1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,"In the Arctic, anthropogenic sea ice changes have already emerged from the background internal variability, and anthropogenic alteration of air temperatures will emerge in the early- to mid-21st century .",1
"the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change'","But biodiversity changes, warming, acidification and non-climate drivers .",1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"Under this mechanism, NDCs will be communicated or updated every five years.",1
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","In Arctic Canada and Svalbard, many glaciers are now smaller than they have been in at least 4000 years and more than 40,000 years in Baffin Island .",0
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization","There was intensified sea level rise during the 1990s and 2000s, with 10-year trends exceeding 20 mm yr–1in the western tropical Pacific Ocean, while sea level trends were negative on the North American west coast.",0
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]","The temperature dependence is not only evident at very high CO2 concentrations in excess of 4×CO2, but also apparent in the difference in temperature response to a 2×CO2 forcing compared with to a 4×CO2 forcing , and as such is relevant for interpreting century-scale climate projections.",1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"Non-local impacts may occur through: GHG fluxes and subsequent changes in radiative transfer, changes in atmospheric chemistry, thermal, moisture and surface pressure gradients creating horizontal transport and vertical transport .",1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,"Climate change will have effects on future distribution, incidence and severity of climate-sensitive infectious diseases of livestock .",1
Global warming is driving polar bears toward extinction,"In some cases, a warmer climate could lead to extinction of species.",0
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,Data from field campaigns suggest that a ‘suppression of cooling’ can explain the observed warming .,1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","In summary, multiple lines of observational and modelling evidence provide high confidence in the finding that the ocean sink for anthropogenic CO2 has increased quasi-linearly over the past 60 years in response to growing global emissions of anthropogenic CO2, with a mean fraction of 23% of total emissions.",1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,D. Li et al and Karnauskas et al evaluated wind thresholds at turbine height (about 80–100 m above ground) including periods outside of cut-in (2.5–3 m s–1) and cut-out (about 25 m s–1) levels beyond which given turbines could not operate.,1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases","The AR4 further strengthened previous statements, concluding that ‘most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations’ .",0
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases",Most studies have concluded that Kyoto did cause emissions reductions.,1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,"In 2020, the European Commission introduced a new climate law establishing the framework for achieving the climate neutrality by 2050 principle, and upgraded its 2030 GHG emission reduction target to at least net 55% reduction, which was adopted in June 2021 .",0
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists",It is very likely that abrupt water cycle changes will occur if solar radiation modification (SRM) techniques are implemented rapidly or terminated abruptly.,1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,Exceeding a specific remaining carbon budget results in higher global warming.,1
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,"Poorer households, who often live in highly exposed locations, are more likely to be forced into low-agency migration as a means of adapting to climate risks and at the same time are the most likely to be immobile or trapped in deteriorating circumstances where migration would be a preferred response .",1
"Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming",These mass losses from the West Antarctic outlet glaciers were mainly induced by ice-shelf basal melt .,0
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,Data from field campaigns suggest that a ‘suppression of cooling’ can explain the observed warming .,1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,"Since then, increased warming and progressively more conclusive attribution studies have identified human activities as the ‘dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century’ .",0
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","Elevation-dependent warming could speed up the observed, rapid upward shifts of the freezing level height .",1
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.","Higher atmospheric CO2 favours plant growth if soil quality and condition are sufficient, but benefits can be offset by increased heat and water stress associated with climate change .",0
[climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.,A substantial fraction of the damage from hurricane Harvey’s extreme rainfall has been attributed to anthropogenic climate change .,0
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined",Compared to changes in global surface air temperature for the period 1971–2006 and 152 ZJ for the period 2006–2018.,1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"Sea level rise hazards for coastal ecosystems, infrastructure, farmland, cities and settlements in a particular region are often driven by regional changes in relative sea level .",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],"All models involved in a model comparison of 1.5°C targets constrained the models to historically observed rates of change and found that it would no longer allow to solve for 2°C, highlighting the need for rapid technological change.",1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,"There is still limited evidence on how climate change impacts wind, solar and biomass energy production and their use.",1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,"Net zero emissions imply that fossil fuel use is minimised and replaced by renewables and other low-carbon primary forms of energy, or that the residual emissions from fossil fuels are offset by carbon dioxide removal , or limit warming to 1.5°C .",1
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,The land-to-ocean riverine flux and the carbon burial in ocean sediments play a minor role .,1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","The specific global mean temperature is known as global warming level , always taking into account caveats described in Cross-Chapter Box 11.1.",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],"They found that anthropogenic forcing has caused a cooling of approximately 2°C–3°C in the upper stratosphere over the period of 1979–2015, with greenhouse gases contributing two thirds of this change and ozone depletion contributing one third.",1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases",Because really extreme events occur rarely was three to ten times more likely as the result of climate change.,1
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,If mitigation investments are inadequate to reducing global warming .,1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"All models involved in a model comparison of 1.5°C targets constrained the models to historically observed rates of change and found that it would no longer allow to solve for 2°C, highlighting the need for rapid technological change.",1
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,Freshwater resources are also vulnerable to sea level rise and associated salinisation .,0
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,"Climate change is being addressed in a growing number of international agreements operating at sectoral levels, as well as within the practices of many multilateral organisations and institutions ( high confidence).",0
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","Insummary, under a past warming level of around 2.5°C–4°C, ice sheets in both hemispheres were reduced in extent compared to present .",1
"unadjusted data suggests that temperatures in Australia have only increased by 0.3 degrees over the past century, not the 1 degree usually claimed",Global surface temperatures increased by about 0.1°C .,1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,"Since the mid-20th century, extreme warm temperatures have increased and extreme cold temperatures have decreased in the region .",1
Global warming is driving polar bears toward extinction,"In the Chukchi Sea, in recent decades the average duration polar bears spent onshore increased by 30 d in line with global warming and the rapid decline of their sea ice habitat In Central Kazakh Steppe, in line with warming, in 2018 there were more ‘southern’ sub-arid species in the communities and fewer relatively ‘northern’ boreal and polyzonal species of ground beetles .",1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","During the decade 2010–2019, glaciers lost more mass than in any other decade since the beginning of the observational record .",1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"At the end of the last very cold phase of the most recent Ice Age, about 11,500 years ago, temperatures rose extremely rapidly—as much as 10°C leading to migration.",1
The polar bear population has been growing.,"Also, a warmer climate, altered ocean currents and increased human activities elevate the risk of invasive species in the Arctic .",1
"the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change'","In addition to the deaths of dozens of people and the destruction of thousands of houses, the 2019–2020 bushfires burned almost half of the area protected for conservation in Victoria, two-thirds of the forests allocated for timber harvesting , wildlife and extensive areas of habitat for threatened plant and animal species .",1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records",Glacier records starting in 1960 in Norway show that half of the observed glaciers advanced in the 1990s but all have retreated since 2000 .,1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","Once such risks materialise, as is expected at very high risk levels, the impacts would persist even if global temperatures would subsequently decline to levels associated with lower levels of risk in an ‘overshooting’ scenario (high confidence).",1
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]",Climate change and CO2 are expected to become increasingly important as drivers of change over the coming decades .,0
"the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change'","During the last millenium, the combined effect of a positive IOD and El Niño conditions have caused severe droughts over Australia .",1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records",More recent increase in the deforestation rate remains to be assessed.,1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,Climate has three important impacts on the ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2 : ; ; and .,1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization",The potential for flooding and inundation depends on the relative sea level rise .,1
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,The green paradox may work in different ways for different kinds of fossil fuels.,1
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","Major paleoreconstruction efforts completed since AR5 include a variety of large-scale, multi-proxy temperature datasets and associated reconstructions spanning the last 2000 years , the Holocene , the Last Glacial Maximum , the mid-Pliocene Warm Period , and the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum .",1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,"For Antarctic sea ice there is no significant global trend in satellite-observed sea ice area from 1979 to 2020 in either winter or summer, due to regionally opposing trends and large internal variability CMIP6 simulations project that the Arctic Ocean will likely become practically sea ice free .",0
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","The release of water from shrinking glaciers in Asia to some extent protects downstream freshwaters against drought, but half of these glaciers are projected to disappear by 2100 In Australia, the Murray-Darling river basin occupies much of the Eastern Rivers hotspot .",0
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,A carbon tax is a charge on carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases imposed on specified emitters or products.,1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","Similarly, over the period 1993–2010, when observations of all sea level components were available, AR5 WGI assessed the observed global mean sea level rise to be consistent with the sum of the observed contributions from ocean thermal expansion stated that ‘the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate’ .",0
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","In the central Arctic Ocean, primary productivity remains low .",1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",Extreme cold events are projected to decrease in severity Total precipitation is projected to increase across the northern half of North America .,0
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,The pollutants that are entrained and ingested or inhaled closely link to the land management strategies in source areas.,1
"the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change'","Over 75% of people in Australia and New Zealand agree that climate change is occurring and over 60% believe climate change is caused by humans, giving climate adaptation and mitigation action further social legitimacy.",1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records",Improved sharing of historical instrumental and proxy records (including metadata) along with significant efforts at data rescue of presently undigitized records would serve to significantly strengthen many aspects of the present assessment.,1
Global warming is driving polar bears toward extinction,"Ice-associated marine mammals, such as polar bears, seals and walruses, have declined precipitously with decreasing sea ice in the Bering Sea, and widespread ecosystem changes from fish through birds and marine mammal species have altered the system with uncertain outcomes for these productive ice-driven ecosystems.",0
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,"Extreme heat events have increased around the Arctic and Iceland since 1979, including increases in cold season warm days and nights, melt days, and Arctic winter warm events .",0
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,"As climate change is a multi-scale phenomenon, from the local to the global, the assessment of climate risks and climate change impacts is strongly spatial, with a focus on regional climate change.",1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"CO2 emissions from transport increase for most models in reference scenarios The relative contribution of demand-side reduction, energy- efficiency improvements, fuel switching, and decarbonisation of fuels, varyies by model, level of mitigation, mitigation options available, and underlying socio-economic pathway .",1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,The global trends reviewed above are based on data from 2000 studies.,1
The polar bear population has been growing.,"Tourism is increasing and expanding in both polar regions, while shipping and hydrocarbon exploration are growing in the Arctic, increasing the risks of compound effects on vulnerable and already stressed populations and ecosystems Ensemble global model projections indicate future increases in primary production and total animal biomass towards 2100 under RCP2.6 , highlighting opportunities for, and possibly conflicts over, new ecosystem services .",0
"unadjusted data suggests that temperatures in Australia have only increased by 0.3 degrees over the past century, not the 1 degree usually claimed","Mean temperatures over the region have increased by 0.7°C–1°C from 1973 to 2013, depending on the season .",1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists",Changes in solar radiation as a consequence of solar dimming and brightening may affect trends .,1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.",There is limited evidence and low agreement for climate-driven impacts on these movements .,1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"Multiple lines of evidence indicate the unprecedented nature of recent large-scale climatic changes in the context of all human history, and that these changes represent a millennial-scale commitment for the slow-responding elements of the climate system, resulting in continued worldwide loss of ice, increase in ocean heat content, sea level rise and deep ocean acidification.",0
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","Children born in 2020, under a 1.5°C-compatible scenario will be exposed to 4–6 times more heatwaves in their lifetimes compared to people born in 1960; this exposure increases to 9–10 times more heatwaves for emission reduction pledges, limiting global warming to 2.4°C .",1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,Because really extreme events occur rarely was three to ten times more likely as the result of climate change.,1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"In the Great Barrier Reef, Australia sea level rise and sea level global temperature warming affects fisheries’ productivity and tourism .",0
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","An example of such an event is the collapse of the AMOC , that would bring widespread cooling over the Northern Hemisphere.",1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,Lack of trust in scientific consensus on climate change may actually originate from opposition by US conservatives to the perceived advocacy for different climate-change policy approaches that challenge their world views .,0
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],"Reanalyses, which assimilate AMSU and SSU datasets, indicate an upper-stratospheric cooling from 1979 to 2009 of about 3°C at 5 hPa and 4°C at 1 hPa that agrees well with the cooling in simulations with prescribed SST and using CMIP5 forcings .",1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,"It is the largest source of global GHG and CO2 emissions, which include direct and indirect fuel-combustion-related emissions, emissions from industrial processes and products use, as well as from waste.",1
"unadjusted data suggests that temperatures in Australia have only increased by 0.3 degrees over the past century, not the 1 degree usually claimed",Long-term changes of hot extremes in Australia have been attributed to anthropogenic influence More frequent hot extremes and heatwaves are expected over the 21st century in Australia .,0
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,"Though not the only cause , climate change undermines human livelihoods and security, because it increases the populations vulnerabilities, grievances and political tensions through an array of indirect—at times nonlinear—pathways, thereby increasing human insecurity and the risk of violent conflict .",0
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,"Conversely, model results show that limiting warming to 2°C or 1.5°C will require faster diffusion of installed capacity of low-carbon energy options and a rapid phase-out of fossil-based options.",1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","Given the high cooling demand of data centres, some additional cooling strategies, such as free cooling, liquid cooling, low-grade waste heat recovery, absorption cooling and so on, have been adopted.",1
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,This will be the case even if global warming is stabilized at 1.5°C.,1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","Thus, the rate of change due to warming, and associated sea ice loss, is greater in the Arctic than in the Antarctic .",1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","Further, earthen construction is being threatened by extreme climatic variability and changing climate that exacerbates decay .",1
"Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming","In addition, melting of glaciers and ice caps due to anthropogenic influences has been speculated to increase volcanic activity .",0
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"In general, a 2°C warming could lead to two times more area of biome shifts compared with a 1.5°C warming.",1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,"There is low confidence that the high baseline , resulting in additional warming of about 0.5°C by 2100 , is plausible.",1
"Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming",Heatwaves causing high temperature records have been recently documented in West and East Antarctica .,1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","Increases in atmospheric CO2 lead to increases in land carbon storage through CO2 fertilization of photosynthesis and increased water use efficiency , while the ocean is expected to remain a sink .",1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.",Mean air temperature: New literature confirms a continuous warming since the beginning of the 20th century in the majority of the eight sub-regions .,0
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,Changes in future climate variability may have large negative impacts on livestock system outcomes ; these effects can be larger than those associated with gradual climate change .,1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization","More recently, sea ice coverage appears to have fluctuated substantially throughout the Holocene .",1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"An increase of global CO burden of about 50% for the year 2000 relative to 1850 is found in CMIP6 The AR5 reported a global CO decline of about 1% yr–1based on satellite data from 2002–2010, but biases in instruments rendered low confidence in this trend.",1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases","For example, the apparent contradiction between the observed decrease in Indian monsoon rainfall over the second half of the 20th century and the projected long-term increase is explained by attribution of the trends to different forcings, with aerosols dominating recently and greenhouse gases in the future and drought in the Cape Town region.",1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,Two international agreements—the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change emissions in the second half of this century’ .,1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization",The land-to-ocean riverine flux and the carbon burial in ocean sediments play a minor role .,1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","In the past 30 years, the permafrost temperature in the European part of the Russian Arctic has increased by 0.5–2°C, resulting in damage to buildings, roads and pipelines, and to significant expenditure for stabilising soils .",0
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,A modelling study of USA mitigation policy finds the costs of using heterogeneous sub-national policies to achieve decarbonisation targets is 10% higher than national uniform policies .,1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","The in situ observations in North America and Europe reveal substantial reduction since the measurements started around 1980, though the trends have not been linear through this period and North America .",1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,This was due more to changes in moisture availability than to changes in temperature.,1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,It may also be ‘non-viable’ or damaging to livelihoods in the long run .,1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,Article 4 of the Paris Agreement sets an objective to ‘achieve a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases’ .,1
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,"There was high confidence that global warming was already causing an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather and climate events, impacting ecosystems, food security, disturbances and production processes, with existing .",1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records",Projecting such “tipping points” .,1
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","Changes to snow and glacier melting, including the complete melting of some glaciers , are projected to reduce water availability and cause declines in biodiversity in high altitudes through local extirpations and species extinctions in regions of high endemism.",0
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says","There is high confidence that polar amplification will drive increases in Arctic heat extremes as well as continuing declines in the magnitude and frequency of cold extremes , although dynamical effects will still bring substantial cold air anomalies over the Arctic .",1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,This will be the case even if global warming is stabilized at 1.5°C.,1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"It is unequivocal that the increase of CO2 , CH4 , and N2 O in the atmosphere over the industrial era is the result of human activities , 335–383 teragrams of methane per year , and 4.2–11.4 teragrams of nitrogen per year , respectively was distributed between three Earth system components: 46% accumulated in the atmosphere ocean sink , with a faster growth of 9.3 ± 2.4 ppb yr–1 over the last six years .",0
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,SO2 emissions from volcanic eruptions are a significant source of stratospheric sulphate loading .,1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.","For the near-term, a transition of PDV from the negative phase towards a positive phase is predicted in the coming years The PDV has been shown to influence the pace of global warming remains an open question, and there is still no robust evidence.",1
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,"For moderate levels of sea level rise, it is unlikely that these changes alone will exceed the technical limits of coastal adaptation over the 21st century .",1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,"In Yokohama, Japan, observations since 1986 have revealed that the arrival of six winter bird species came later and the departure earlier than in the past, due to warmer temperatures .",1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","Also, some media outlets have recently adopted and promoted terms and phrases stronger than the more neutral ‘climate change’ and ‘global warming’, including ‘climate crisis’, ‘global heating’, and ‘climate emergency’ .",1
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","Mean air temperature: Across Australia mean temperatures have increased by 1.44°C ± 0.24°C during the period 1910–2019, with most of the warming occurring since 1950 .",1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",Strong winter temperature inversions lead to warming that is larger in the lower troposphere and a positive LR feedback in polar regions .,1
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.",Reversing the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations through negative emissions .,1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization",The most rapid CH4 changes prior to industrialization were as large as 30–50 ppb on multi-decadal timescales.,1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,AMV influences on the nearby regions can be predicted over lead times of 5–8 years (medium confidence).,1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,"Widespread and rapid changes in the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere and biosphere have occurred has warmed since the 1970s and extremely likely that human influence is the main driver.",0
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,Artificial intelligence is expected to reduce human error when they operate a decision-making system .,1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases",In scenarios limiting warming to 1.5°C .,1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says","Other missions include NASA’s Operation IceBridge, collecting airborne remote-sensing measurements to bridge the gap between ICESat .",1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","Relative to present-day conditions, changes in the intensity of extremes would be at least double at 2°C, and quadruple at 3°C of global warming, compared to changes at 1.5°C of global warming.",0
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2",It is very likely that global mean stratospheric cooling will be larger by the end of the 21st century in a pathway with higher atmospheric CO2 concentrations.,1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases","Anthropogenic climate change caused up to half of the burned area , leading to emissions of 1.7 ± 0.8 GtC yr -1 in winter in the period 2003–2017 .",1
The polar bear population has been growing.,"Tourism demand for polar bear viewing in Churchill, Manitoba, Canada, may change due to climate-related declines in polar bear health , but may be offset by ‘Last Chance Tourism’ .",0
The Great Barrier Reef is experiencing the most widespread bleaching ever recorded,Coral reefs in the Gulf of Mexico and along the coasts of Florida and the Yucatan Peninsula are facing increasing risk of bleaching and mortality from warming ocean waters interacting with non-climate stressors .,1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,Cloud cover is projected to decrease in the subtropics .,1
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","At the end of the last very cold phase of the most recent Ice Age, about 11,500 years ago, temperatures rose extremely rapidly—as much as 10°C leading to migration.",1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","After setting record-high extents each September from 2012 through 2014, Antarctic SIE .",1
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]","However, a national scale analysis projected climate change to cause freshwater species range shifts, but no losses of species in this hotspot .",1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,Global surface temperatures increased by about 0.1°C .,0
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,It is well established that climate change compounds the impacts of pressures that humans place on the environment .,0
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,Under one scenario including a peak and decline in atmospheric CO2 concentration .,1
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]","In addition, all these processes are investigated over short time scales but the long-term response of BVOC emissions depends on how the vegetation itself responds to the altered climate state .",1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"However, recent evidence suggests that Climate Matters .",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","As with other subjects assessed in this chapter, there has been significant growth in the number of assessable studies, but there remain shortcomings with respect to the availability of evidence regarding the specific nature of causal linkages and the attributability of particular outcomes to climate events or conditions.",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,"Since then, increased warming and progressively more conclusive attribution studies have identified human activities as the ‘dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century’ .",1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","Over the past two decades, Arctic Ocean surface temperature has increased in line with the global average, while there has been no uniform warming across the Antarctic .",1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,"Observations in the contemporary period provide little direct constraint on the modelled responses of PP to climate change, partly due to insufficiently long records .",1
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,The largest of these estimates implies tens to hundreds of gigatons of carbon released in the form of CO2 .,1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,"It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the atmosphere, ocean and land.",0
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"This occurs despite increasing consensus among journalists regarding the basic scientific understanding of climate change Accurate transference of the climate science has been undermined significantly by climate change counter-movements, particularly in the USA in both legacy and new/social media environments through misinformation , including about the causes and consequences of climate change .",0
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]",Glacier shrinkage and snow cover changes have led to changes .,1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,Many pathways in the literature show how tolimit global warming compared to pre-industrial times to 2°C and higher cumulative CO2 emissions until the time of net zero .,1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.",Scenarios limiting warming to the 1.5°C and 2°C limits in the Paris Agreement can involve temporarily exceeding those warming levels before declining again .,1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,The net effect of this asymmetry on the global surface temperature is poorly constrained due to low agreement between models (low confidence).,1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,It is therefore deemed more likely than not that these estimates based on post-1970s global warming are biased low by internal variability.,1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","The ocean is losing dissolved oxygen , salt content is being redistributed and vertical stratification is increasing .",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","Since then, increased warming and progressively more conclusive attribution studies have identified human activities as the ‘dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century’ .",0
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","In spring, when solar radiation returns and sea ice melts, intense phytoplankton blooms fuel food webs that include rich communities of both resident and summer-migrant species, with typically high dependency on a few key species for trophic transfer .",1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","In the period 1980–2014 a rate of increase of 0.1°C–0.3°C per decade has been observed , and by +1.9°C , relative to the baseline period of 1995–2014, under SSP2-4.5 .",0
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,The global trends reviewed above are based on data from 2000 studies.,1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,"However, instability and/or irreversible loss of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, resulting in a multi-metre rise in sea level over hundreds to thousands of years, could be triggered at 1.5°C–2°C of global warming while under RCP8.5 multi-metre sea level rise is projected by then chance of limiting global warming to 1.5°C is about 580 GtCO2, and about 420 GtCO2 for a two-in-three .",0
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",In scenarios limiting warming to 1.5°C .,1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,"Diesel air pollutant emissions are dominated by BC and NOx whereas gasoline air pollutant emissions are dominated by CO and NMVOCs, especially when distribution and upstream losses are considered.",1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"High Arctic regions have warmed by more than double the global average, >2°C in most areas ).",1
[climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.,"For example, in a case study of Hurricane Harvey, Trenberth et al suggested that the lack of realistic hurricane frequency and intensity within coupled climate models hampers the models’ ability to simulate SST and ocean heat content and their changes.",1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.","Typically, future climate projections do not consider plausible eruption scenarios and their mitigating effects on greenhouse warming demonstrates a future drier Indian monsoon relative to conditions in which volcanic eruptions are not considered, although the effects of GHG warming dominate beyond the mid-term.",1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,"Due to limited observations prior to the satellite era, long-term global CO trends are based on estimates from models.",1
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.","To limit global warming to below 2°C, CO2 emissions would have to decline by about 25% by 2030 and reach net zero around 2070.",1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",The net effect of this asymmetry on the global surface temperature is poorly constrained due to low agreement between models (low confidence).,1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,If mitigation investments are inadequate to reducing global warming .,1
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,Areas with low or negative change have substantial land uplift counteracting the global mean sea level trend .,1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases",This number increases to 59.2–81.3 per million for 2°C warming .,1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,It may also be ‘non-viable’ or damaging to livelihoods in the long run .,1
"the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change'","While burned area has increased in parts of Asia, Australia, Europe and South America, published research has not yet attributed the increases to anthropogenic climate change .",1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,"Reanalyses suggest overall increasing sea ice thickness and volume between 1980 and 2010 , while CMIP5 and CMIP6 models simulate a decrease in Antarctic sea ice volume over the historical period.",1
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,The dominant human influence on observed global warming and related water cycle changes was confirmed.,1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],Water temperatures in rivers and lakes have increased over the past century by ~1–3°C in major European rivers .,1
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.",An increase in atmospheric CO2 enhances water-use efficiency by plants ; this could reduce evapotranspiration and contribute to the maintenance of soil moisture and streamflow levels under enhanced atmospheric CO2 concentrations .,0
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],Observations of climate changeThe SR1.5 estimated with high confidence that human activities caused a global warming of approximately 1°C between the 1850–1900 period and 2017.,1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,"A key issue addressed in this Report is whether climate models are adequate or ‘fit’ for purposes of interest, that is, whether they can be used to successfully answer particular research questions, especially about the causes of recent climate change and the future evolution of climate .",0
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"Increases in atmospheric CO2 lead to increases in land carbon storage through CO2 fertilization of photosynthesis and increased water use efficiency , while the ocean is expected to remain a sink .",1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,"In addition, there has been progress in understanding the importance of Antarctic Ice Shelf meltwater and sea ice, in driving the observed changes in the near surface and in the upper overturning cell over the past decades, on top of changes induced by winds and eddies .",1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,There is also scope for new insights into terrestrial water contributions from land surface .,1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"Recent studies showed, using observed cloud controlling factors, that the mid-latitude low-cloud fractions decrease with rising SST, which also acts to weaken stability of the atmosphere unlike in the subtropics .",1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,Such reconstructions provide a new context for recent warming trends .,1
"Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming","In conclusion, the observed small increase in Antarctic sea ice extent during the satellite era is not generally captured by global climate models, and there is low confidence in attributing the causes of the change.",1
The Great Barrier Reef is experiencing the most widespread bleaching ever recorded,"Recently, small-scale MCB and OAC experiments started to take place on the Great Barrier Reef SAI – the most researched SRM method – poses significant international governance challenges since it could potentially be deployed uni- or minilaterally and alter the global mean temperature much faster than any other climate policy measure, at comparatively low direct costs .",1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.","There is increasing awareness that climate change causes weather patterns and extreme events that directly harm military installations and readiness through infrastructure damage, loss of utilities, and loss of operational capability .",0
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,This was explored extensively in the IPCC’s SR1.5 report in its comparison of impacts associated with 1.5°C versus 2°C climate objectives and synergies and trade-offs with the SDGs .,1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],Temperature has also driven marine range shifts over multi-million-year time scales .,1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,The report also found that Arctic sea ice extent has very likely decreased for all months of the year since 1979 and that September sea ice reductions of 12.8 ± 2.3% per decade are likely unprecedented for at least 1000 years.,0
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,Energy efficiency of air conditioning systems is of a paramount importance to ensuring that the increased demand for cooling will be satisfied without contributing to global warming through halocarbon emissions .,1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists",The lockdowns and societal outcomes arising from the COVID-19 pandemic pose a new threat to observing systems.,1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,"This could be partly due to a reduction in the zonal SST gradient of the Pacific Ocean, favouring El Niño-like conditions .",1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.","In an RCP8.5 scenario, Wild et al conservatively calculate a global reduction of 1% per decade between 2005 and 2049 for future solar power production changes due to changing solar resources as a result of global warming and decreasing all-sky radiation over the coming decades.",1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.","Extreme weather events, particularly droughts, can result in poverty traps keeping people poor or making them poorer, resulting in widening inequalities within and across countries.",1
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,Exceeding a specific remaining carbon budget results in higher global warming.,1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization",This will be the case even if global warming is stabilized at 1.5°C.,1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],"Other missions include NASA’s Operation IceBridge, collecting airborne remote-sensing measurements to bridge the gap between ICESat .",1
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,"In the central Arctic Ocean, primary productivity remains low .",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are projected to lose mass at an increasing rate throughout the 21st century and beyond .,0
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,"Climate change could increase air pollution health effects, with the size of the effect differing across European regions and pollutants .",0
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,"To limit global warming to below 2°C, CO2 emissions would have to decline by about 25% by 2030 and reach net zero around 2070.",0
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,This enhanced warming is expected to continue in the future.,1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","Because only one realization of the actual climate exists, it is non-trivial to extract estimates of internal and forced variability from the available data .",1
"unadjusted data suggests that temperatures in Australia have only increased by 0.3 degrees over the past century, not the 1 degree usually claimed","Since the mid-20th century, extreme warm temperatures have increased and extreme cold temperatures have decreased in the region .",1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,Multiple reanalysis and radiosonde datasets show that the midwinter lower stratospheric geopotential height .,1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"It is therefore more likely than not that no multi-centennial interval during the post-glacial period was warmer globally than the most recent decade ; the LIG indicate that MH warmth was most pronounced north of 30°N latitude, and that GMST subsequently decreased in general, albeit with multi-century variability, with greater cooling in the NH than in the SH The temperature history of the last millennium and the methods used to reconstruct it have been studied extensively, both prior to and following AR5, as summarized recently by Smerdon and Pollack and Christiansen and Ljungqvist .",1
"unadjusted data suggests that temperatures in Australia have only increased by 0.3 degrees over the past century, not the 1 degree usually claimed","In New Zealand, an increase of 1.1°C has been measured from 1909–2016 .",0
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","Glacier-melt in response to warming can initially lead to increased runoff volumes, especially in peak summer flows, but they will eventually decline as most glaciers continue to shrink.",0
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization","Sea level rise is creating conditions where considerable financial investments are needed and, in many cases, are being raised to address adaptation needs .",0
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,When stocks for some materials saturate – per capita stock peaks – the ‘scrap age’ is coming .,1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,Cirrus clouds trap more outgoing thermal radiation than they reflect incoming solar radiation and thus have an overall warming effect on the climate system .,1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","There is limited evidence that extreme wind speeds, which can damage wind turbines, will increase due to climate change .",0
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","Models also indicate that global sea level rise, as well as warming, ocean acidification and deoxygenation at depth, are irreversible for centuries or longer .",0
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases",Conclusions regarding the respective contribution of greenhouse gas forcing to changes in magnitude versus frequency of extremes may also differ .,1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,"Contradictory lines of evidence exist between observations and models on the relationship between the rates of warming in GMST and GSAT, compounded by limitations in theoretical understanding.",1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,This is associated with changing ventilation patterns driven by the North Atlantic Oscillation .,1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","The global mean surface temperature change, or ‘global warming level’ .",1
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]","Given that CO2 emissions constitute the dominant human influence on global climate, global net zero CO2 emissions are a prerequisite for stabilising warming at any level.",0
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],Such reconstructions provide a new context for recent warming trends .,1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"In the 21st century, heatwaves have become hotter, longer and more extended compared to the last two decades of the 20th century .",1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.",This larger warming in the upper troposphere than at the surface has been observed over the last 20 years thanks to the availability of sufficiently accurate observations .,1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,"For the role of weather and climate extremes on the global water cycle, see In summary, with ongoing climate warming and an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme events, observed increases in water temperature, losses of ice and shifts in thermal regime are projected to continue (high confidence).",1
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","Multiple lines of evidence indicate the unprecedented nature of recent large-scale climatic changes in the context of all human history, and that these changes represent a millennial-scale commitment for the slow-responding elements of the climate system, resulting in continued worldwide loss of ice, increase in ocean heat content, sea level rise and deep ocean acidification.",0
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.","There has been a shift in the distribution of tornadoes, with increases in the mid-south of the USA and decreases over the High Plains .",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,"The global mean surface temperature change, or ‘global warming level’ .",1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"However, CO2 is not the only greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming and reducing emissions of other greenhouse gases (GHGs) alongside CO2 towards net zero emissions of all GHGs would lower the level at which global temperature would peak.",1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,"Because only one realization of the actual climate exists, it is non-trivial to extract estimates of internal and forced variability from the available data .",1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","Given the agreement between theoretical analyses and paleo-ice-sheet model experiments, there is high confidence that the elevation–mass balance feedback is most relevant at multi-centennial and millennial time scales, consistent with future-focused studies The SROCC adopted the AR5 assessment that complete loss of Greenland ice, contributing about 7 m to sea level, over a millennium or more would occur for a sustained global mean surface temperature confirm this assessment estimate a complete loss to take about 8000 years at 5.5°C and about 3000 years at 8.6°C.",0
The Great Barrier Reef is experiencing the most widespread bleaching ever recorded,"The scope and severity of coral bleaching and mortality events have increased in recent decades , with profound implications for the recovery of coral climate archives from new and existing sites.",0
The polar bear population has been growing.,Increasingly favourable environmental conditions due to warming combined with shipping and other activities has raised the rate of invasive species movement into the Arctic .,1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","Over time scales of 10 to 20 years, the global temperature response to a year’s worth of current emissions of SLCFs is at least as large as that due to a year’s worth of CO2 emissions would not only alleviate this warming but would turn this into a cooling of 0.07°C with a likely range of °C .",1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases","North America is also responsible for about a quarter of global greenhouse gas , and in 2019 the region was responsible for 5.9 MtCO2 emissions worldwide .",1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,Heatwaves are projected to become more frequent and intense even at 1.5°C of global warming .,1
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]",and N2o Although there has been greater understanding since AR5 of the carbon cycle responses to CO2 emissions .,1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"Because the cloud-top temperature does not change significantly with global warming, cloud LW emission does not increase even though the surface warms, resulting in an enhancement of the high-cloud greenhouse effect ).",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,"Given the agreement between theoretical analyses and paleo-ice-sheet model experiments, there is high confidence that the elevation–mass balance feedback is most relevant at multi-centennial and millennial time scales, consistent with future-focused studies The SROCC adopted the AR5 assessment that complete loss of Greenland ice, contributing about 7 m to sea level, over a millennium or more would occur for a sustained global mean surface temperature confirm this assessment estimate a complete loss to take about 8000 years at 5.5°C and about 3000 years at 8.6°C.",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","There is growing evidence that human-induced climate warming has amplified climate extreme events , but detection and attribution of food insecurity to anthropogenic climate change is still limited by a lack of long-term data and complexity of food systems .",1
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,"The AR5 concluded that, on interannual time scales, the radiative effects of volcanic aerosols are a dominant natural driver of climate variability, with the greatest effects occurring within the first 2–5 years following a strong eruption.",0
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,"Volcanic SO2 emissions may contribute a positive forcing through effects on upper tropospheric ice clouds, due to additional ice nucleation on volcanic sulphate particles , although one observational study found no significant effect .",1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,It is therefore deemed more likely than not that these estimates based on post-1970s global warming are biased low by internal variability.,1
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,"Sea level rise is the origin of multiple risks for low-lying areas in the Mediterranean Basin; for example, the further increase in flooding at high tide in some locations, such as Venice .",0
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.",Melting of ice and warming of the atmosphere account for about 3% and 1% of the total change respectively.,1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,"We provide assessments of observed and projected impacts of climate change across species, biomes .",1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","For moderate levels of sea level rise, it is unlikely that these changes alone will exceed the technical limits of coastal adaptation over the 21st century .",1
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","So far, these emergent constraints have been limited to the Last Glacial Maximum and warming in the mid-Pliocene Warm Period due to the availability of sufficiently large multi-model ensembles for these two cases.",1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,"However, CO2 is not the only greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming and reducing emissions of other greenhouse gases (GHGs) alongside CO2 towards net zero emissions of all GHGs would lower the level at which global temperature would peak.",0
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.",It is well established that climate change compounds the impacts of pressures that humans place on the environment .,0
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,NAO variability over the past 8 kyr suggests the presence of a significant 1.5 kyr periodicity .,1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined",Mean air temperature: New literature confirms a continuous warming since the beginning of the 20th century in the majority of the eight sub-regions .,0
"the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change'",Anthropogenic climate change has caused some of these emissions through increases in wildfire .,0
"Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming","Ice discharge around the West Antarctic Ice Sheet is strongly influenced by variability in basal melt , in particular at decadal and longer time scales .",0
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"Greenhouse gas emissions from transport may increase due to the temporary relocation of city residents to cooler locations during heatwaves , and from increased energy use for snowmaking in European ski resorts .",1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,The overall solution would be to develop a resilient energy system and avoid the risk of unsustainable energy growth in developing Asia.,1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases","For a 4°C global warming, the changes are −48%, −14%, +135%, +213% and +350% respectively.",1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","In CSA, the awareness of climate change as a threat is increasing, a situation related to growth in climate justice activism and to the occurrence of extreme weather events of all kinds .",0
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,Such reconstructions provide a new context for recent warming trends .,1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],The upward shift of high-clouds with surface warming is detected in observed interannual variability and trends in satellite records for recent decades .,1
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]",A global-scale projection suggests that a decline in glacier runoff by 2100 .,0
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,"A recent global study concluded that reservoirs might emit more carbon than they bury, especially in the tropics .",1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.",A global temperature increase <2°C could increase global population exposure to wildfire by ~30% .,0
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","At 2°C GWL and SSP3, half of the European population will be under very high risk of heat stress in summer .",1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"From 1895 to 2010, mean annual temperature of the US national park area increased at a rate of 1°C ± 0.2°C per century, double the rate of the whole USA, and precipitation decreased in 12% of the national park area, compared with 4% for the whole USA, due to a high fraction of US national park area being in the Arctic, at high elevations, and in the arid southwestern USA .",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,Sea ice loss due to climate change is expected to accelerate over the next century .,0
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","Political economy approaches can be crudely divided into ‘economic approaches to politics’, and those used by other social scientists .",1
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.","However, the amount of increase is uncertain as it depends on the extent to which CO2 fertilization of land plants is limited by nutrient availability.",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.",Combining the evidence from across the climate system increases the level of confidence in the attribution of observed climate change to human influence and reduces the uncertainties associated with assessments based on single variables.,1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.","Land clathrates are formed at depths greater than 200 m , which precludes a substantial response to global warming over the next few centuries and associated emissions.",1
The Great Barrier Reef is experiencing the most widespread bleaching ever recorded,"If bleaching persists, an estimated 10,000 jobs and AUD$1 billion in revenue would be lost per year from declines in tourism alone .",1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","For instance, warming affects snowpack levels , as well as the timing of snow melt, thus potentially affecting the seasonality and magnitude of low flows .",1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","Building on the scientific literature and adaptation and risk reduction practice, the IPCC Special Report on Extremes resulted in several major IPCC advances that continue through the present report, including emphasis on risk and climate-related extremes and re-conceptualisation of vulnerability to encompass both social and biophysical orientations .",1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,The processes that translate emissions of CO2 into a change in global temperature .,1
The polar bear population has been growing.,Adequate infrastructure to support Africa’s rapidly growing population is important to raise living standards and productivity in informal settlements .,1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,"Also, energy efficiency, sufficiency and on-site renewable energy production can help to increase building resilience to climate change impacts and reduce pressure on the energy system.",1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,"With its significant negative impact on natural systems, food security and infrastructure, loss of lives and territories, species extinction, conflict health, among several other risks, climate change poses a serious threat to development and wellbeing in both rich and poor countries .",0
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"However, there is low confidence that the frequency of extreme positive IOD events will increase under the high-emissions scenario of SSP5-8.5.",1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,The latter still shows stronger cooling than simulated in chemistry-climate models .,1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases","Further evidence that anthropogenic global warming has caused an increase in the frequency, intensity and/or amount of heavy precipitation events at the global scale highlights that each half degree of additional global warming influences the climate response.",1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,"Over the past two decades, Arctic Ocean surface temperature has increased in line with the global average, while there has been no uniform warming across the Antarctic .",1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,Compared to changes in global surface air temperature for the period 1971–2006 and 152 ZJ for the period 2006–2018.,1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,"Other things being equal, regulation of emissions of industrial producers decreases the demand for fossil fuels that would reduce prices and encourage the rise of fossil fuel consumption in regions with no or weaker climate policies studied the energy channel of carbon leakage with the REMIND IAM of the global economy.",1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,Increasing economic inequality globally has given rise to concern that unequal societies may be more likely to pollute and degrade their environments .,1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"Since AR5, advances in satellite retrievals , ground-based column observations , airborne platforms , surface measurement networks and assimilation products have resulted in better characterization of the present-day atmospheric CO distribution.",1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"Isotopic changes in the Talos Dome ice core are inconsistent with local surface lowering, limiting retreat to 0.4–0.8 m SLE from this sector .",1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,Human-induced greenhouse gas forcing is the main driver of the observed changes in hot and cold extremes on the global scale (virtually certain ) and on most continents (very likely ).,0
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","Over the past decades, until the COVID-19 pandemic, global poverty rates have declined rapidly.",1
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.",Longer reanalyses can be used to describe the change in the climate over the last 100 to 1000 years.,1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","This report shows that past and future climate changes and extreme weather events can be substantial on local and regional scales Although the evolution of global climate trends emerges as the net result of regional phenomena, average or aggregate estimates often do not reflect the intensity, variability and complexity of regional climate changes .",0
Global warming is driving polar bears toward extinction,"Reproductive failures and declining abundances attributed to warmer polar oceans and less sea ice cover are observed in populations of polar bears, Ursus maritimus, seals, whales and marine birds .",0
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","Higher temperatures and SLR, changes in rainfall patterns, and an increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events could generate risks to the energy and infrastructure sectors and to the mining and metals industry.",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","Therefore, climate change and sustainable development cannot be assessed or planned in isolation of one another.",1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,"Hydrogen is considered a modern and clean technology, but people also have safety concerns.",1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,"Overall, different farming and pastoral systems can achieve reductions in the emissions intensity of livestock products.",1
"Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming","A study by Garbe et al suggests that 6°C sustained warming and associated mass loss of about 12 m SLE may be a critical threshold beyond which the ice sheet reorganizes to a new state, leading to large losses from East Antarctica The SROCC assessed that Antarctic mass losses could be irreversible over decades to millennia show that the AIS is always volumetrically smaller when regrowing under a given warming level than when it retreats under the same forcing.",0
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.",Multiple lines of evidence indicate that climate change is already contributing to more intense and more frequent extreme events across North America.,0
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.",Extreme events are a fundamental part of how we experience weather and climate.,1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,There were inconsistent trends and insufficient data coverage on extreme temperatures and precipitation .,1
"the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change'","In summary, anthropogenic climate change, through a 0.9°C surface temperature increase since the pre-industrial period, has lengthened or increased the frequency of periods with heat and aridity that favour wildfire on up to one-quarter of vegetated area since 1979 (robust evidence, high agreement ).",0
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","Marine heatwaves , affecting resources like copepods and coral reefs .",1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization","Sea level rise hazards for coastal ecosystems, infrastructure, farmland, cities and settlements in a particular region are often driven by regional changes in relative sea level .",0
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.","Capabilities for observing the physical climate system have continued to improve and expand overall, but some reductions in observational capacity are also evident emissions and CO2 emissions remaining around current levels until the middle of the century; and scenarios with very low and low GHG emissions and CO2 emissions declining to net zero around or after 2050, followed by varying levels of net negative CO2 emissions (SSP1-1.9, SSP1-2.6).",1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.",Longer reanalyses can be used to describe the change in the climate over the last 100 to 1000 years.,1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,Two international agreements—the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change emissions in the second half of this century’ .,1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","Meltwater yields from glacier ice are likely to increase in many regions during the next decades but decrease thereafter, as glaciers become smaller and smaller and finally disappear .",0
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,These trends are neither a local phenomenon nor a measurement artefact (high confidence).,1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,"The main findings of previous reports, particularly the WGII AR5 and the IPCC Special Report on 1.5°C , highlighted the impacts of warming and rainfall variations and their extremes on Europe, particularly SEU and mountainous areas.",1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,The green paradox may work in different ways for different kinds of fossil fuels.,1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"There is limited evidence that extreme wind speeds, which can damage wind turbines, will increase due to climate change .",1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,They found a large upper-stratospheric temperature change in response to volcanic forcing found that the cooling of the middle and upper stratosphere after 1979 is mainly due to changes in greenhouse gas concentrations.,1
"unadjusted data suggests that temperatures in Australia have only increased by 0.3 degrees over the past century, not the 1 degree usually claimed","Mean air temperature: Across Australia mean temperatures have increased by 1.44°C ± 0.24°C during the period 1910–2019, with most of the warming occurring since 1950 .",0
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"Widespread and rapid changes in the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere and biosphere have occurred has warmed since the 1970s and extremely likely that human influence is the main driver.",0
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,"There is still limited evidence on how climate change impacts wind, solar and biomass energy production and their use.",0
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","In some cases, a warmer climate could lead to extinction of species.",1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","For the period 2006–2015, observed global mean surface temperature .",1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"Despite expert scientific consensus on anthropogenic climate change, there is polarisation and an ongoing debate over the reality of anthropogenic climate change in the public and policy domains, with attendant risks to society .",0
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.",The land-to-ocean riverine flux and the carbon burial in ocean sediments play a minor role .,1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.",These uncertainties do not change the basic conclusion that global CO2 emissions would need to decline to at least net zero to halt global warming.,0
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","However, instability and/or irreversible loss of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, resulting in a multi-metre rise in sea level over hundreds to thousands of years, could be triggered at 1.5°C–2°C of global warming while under RCP8.5 multi-metre sea level rise is projected by then chance of limiting global warming to 1.5°C is about 580 GtCO2, and about 420 GtCO2 for a two-in-three .",0
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,and N2o Although there has been greater understanding since AR5 of the carbon cycle responses to CO2 emissions .,1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,"For example, in a cool temperate grassland experiment, warming led to a longer growing season and elevated CO2 further extended growing by conserving water, which enabled most species to remain active longer .",1
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,"In addition, melting of glaciers and ice caps due to anthropogenic influences has been speculated to increase volcanic activity .",0
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,Human influence has been a major driver of regional mean temperature change since 1950 in many sub-continental regions of the world (virtually certain).,0
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,There is medium evidence that climate change can undermine human capital and education.,1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,"Analyses of satellite remote sensing and ground-based observations have indicated that, between 1982 and 2015, the CO2 fertilisation effect has already declined, implying a negative climate system feedback .",1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.",Warming over land drives an increase in atmospheric evaporative demand and the severity of droughts (high confidence).,0
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,Many large-scale farmers using irrigation switched to corn and forage and dropped crops with high labour costs.,1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.",Melting of ice and warming of the atmosphere account for about 3% and 1% of the total change respectively.,0
"Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming","Glacier-melt in response to warming can initially lead to increased runoff volumes, especially in peak summer flows, but they will eventually decline as most glaciers continue to shrink.",0
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,These uncertainties do not change the basic conclusion that global CO2 emissions would need to decline to at least net zero to halt global warming.,0
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]",The processes that translate emissions of CO2 into a change in global temperature .,0
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"Likewise, the distillation process results in low confidence in the influence of Arctic warming on mid-latitude climate because of contrasting lines of evidence.",1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,"Under high-emissions scenarios, poorly understood processes related to marine ice sheet instability and marine ice cliff instability, characterized by deep uncertainty, have the potential to strongly increase Antarctic mass loss on century to multi-century time scales.",0
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"Furthermore, NDVI declines were reported across the Sahel from 1999 to 2015 .",1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases",About half of the atmospheric CO burden is due to its direct emissions and the remainder is due to the atmospheric oxidation of methane and NMVOCs.,1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,Human-induced greenhouse gas forcing is the main driver of the observed changes in hot and cold extremes on the global scale (virtually certain ) and on most continents (very likely ).,0
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","Current approaches to climate action may fail to match what is required by science because they tend to circumvent constraints on human behaviour, especially constraints on economic interest and activity.",0
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.",Because really extreme events occur rarely was three to ten times more likely as the result of climate change.,0
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization",There is a long-term positive trend of about 0.5 ppb per decade during the CE until 1750 CE.,1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"For CO2, increases due to the adjustments do not quite balance the decreases due to the increasing background concentration.",1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,Detailed studies on the innovation effects of national pollutant .,1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases",The aerosol-induced warming would also offset some of the GHG-induced stratospheric cooling.,1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","However, some communities do not associate their problems with the scientific concept of climate change, so discussions on whether it is human induced and its causes or relationship with other problems can become irrelevant .",1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"Knott et al highlighted risks to coastal infrastructure where ~30 cm sea level rise sea level rise would also push up groundwater and reduce design life by 5–17% in New Hampshire Many airports, and by their nature ports, are in the low elevation coastal zone, making them especially vulnerable to flooding and sea level rise.",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,"In summary, the combination of observational, numerical and paleoclimate evidence provides us with medium confidence that the lower cell will continue decreasing in the 21st century as a result of increased basal melt from the Antarctic Ice Sheet.",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,"Snow, glaciers, permafrost and ice sheets will decrease with high confidence .",0
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,Data from field campaigns suggest that a ‘suppression of cooling’ can explain the observed warming .,1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","Since AR5 and SROCC, advances in global ocean CO2 flux products, GOBMs and atmospheric inversion models have strengthened confidence in the assessment of how ocean regions influence mean global variability and trends of ocean CO2 air–sea fluxes .",1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization","Multiple lines of evidence indicate the unprecedented nature of recent large-scale climatic changes in the context of all human history, and that these changes represent a millennial-scale commitment for the slow-responding elements of the climate system, resulting in continued worldwide loss of ice, increase in ocean heat content, sea level rise and deep ocean acidification.",0
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,A collective global response has become a significant concern in international climate policy .,0
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","Past IPCC Assessment Reports have consistently examined extensive literature on the links between climate change, adaptation and sustainable development .",1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,Fewer aircraft flights and ship transits mean that onboard observations from those networks have reduced in number and frequency .,1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,The NAO variability in the instrumental record was very likely not unusual in the millennial and multi-centennial context.,1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,Data from field campaigns suggest that a ‘suppression of cooling’ can explain the observed warming .,1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"Six extreme ancient hyperthermal events are known from the last 300 Ma, when tropical SSTs reached 1.5°C–10°C warmer than pre-industrial conditions, and with substantial impacts on ancient life , whereas ocean acidification has not been demonstrated consistently Greenhouse gases also contributed substantially to shaping the longer-term climate trends over the past 50 million years, although changes in continental configuration and ocean circulation as well as planetary orbital cycles were equally important .",1
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]",Estimates of total ice loss during the post-1850 period and recent observations show that the rate of loss has increased since the beginning of the 21st century of ice between 1992 and 2020 .,0
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,Many pathways in the literature show how tolimit global warming compared to pre-industrial times to 2°C and higher cumulative CO2 emissions until the time of net zero .,1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,"New evidence since SROCC confirms that direct heat and freshwater flux trends have not emerged yet as spatial , and decadal variability overwhelm detection.",1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","While it is virtually certain that the global mean upper ocean will continue to stratify in the 21st century, there is only low confidence in the future evolution of mixed-layer depth, which is projected to mostly shoal under high emissions, except in high-latitude regions where sea ice retreats.",1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"GSAT projected for the end of the 23rd century under SSP2-4.5 has not been experienced since the mid-Pliocene, about 3 million years ago.",1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"In particular, SAI would reduce the sunlight reaching the Earth’s surface, but also increase the fraction of sunlight that is diffuse.",1
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.",This declining carbon storage may be offset by CO2 fertilization .,1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","Individuals and organisations, like institutional entrepreneurs, can function to build transformative capacity through collective action .",1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,"These various mechanisms occur on different scales, are not independent, and substantially interact with one another.",1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,"In addition, the production of inputs to facilitate increased animal productivity, may indirectly drive further absolute GHG emissions along the feed supply chain.",1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","There was high confidence that global warming was already causing an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather and climate events, impacting ecosystems, food security, disturbances and production processes, with existing .",0
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","At sustained warming levels between 2°C and 3°C, The Arctic Ocean will be practically sea ice free throughout September in most years ; permafrost volume in the top 3 m will decrease by up to 75% relative to 1995–2014 .",1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2",Sterner et al used an upwelling-diffusiveenergy balance model to derive the thermosteric component of sea level rise as response functions to radiative forcing or global surface temperature.,0
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,"Both of these studies suggest a small but slightly negative feedback parameter for the combination of biogeophysical and non-CO2 biogeochemical feedbacks, but with relatively large uncertainty given (i) interannual variability and (ii) that feedbacks associated with natural terrestrial emissions of CH4 and N2O were not represented in either pair.",1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,These uncertainties do not change the basic conclusion that global CO2 emissions would need to decline to at least net zero to halt global warming.,0
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,"The results of Gregory et al show that, if the ice sheet loses mass equivalent to about 3–3.5 m of sea level rise, it would not regrow to its present state, and 2 m of the sea level rise would be irreversible.",0
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","The Pliocene data therefore suggest that the observed cooling trend over the last 60 years in parts of the eastern equatorial Pacific , whether forced or due to internal variability, involves transient processes that are probably distinct from the longer-time scale process that maintained warmer eastern Pacific SST during the Pliocene.",1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,"Fossil fuel use may persist, for example, if and where the costs of such fuels and the compensating carbon management or use of non-fossil alternative fuels will prove to be the cheapest options.",1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","By the end of the century, under higher projections .",1
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,"There is a discrepancy, equating to 5.5GtCO2yr–1 between alternative methods of accounting for anthropogenic land CO2fluxes.",1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"At 2°C global warming, the estimated change in demand is −27% in Hobart, −21% in Melbourne, +61% in Darwin, +67% in Alice Springs and +112% in Sydney.",1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","Reanalyses, which assimilate AMSU and SSU datasets, indicate an upper-stratospheric cooling from 1979 to 2009 of about 3°C at 5 hPa and 4°C at 1 hPa that agrees well with the cooling in simulations with prescribed SST and using CMIP5 forcings .",1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.",The aerosol-induced warming would also offset some of the GHG-induced stratospheric cooling.,1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2",WGI AR6 assessed that temporary overshoot of a 2°C warming threshold has irreversible effects on global mean sea level and also effects on ocean heat content that persist beyond 2100 .,0
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"And, despite temperatures being on average warmer in the Global South, electricity use for cooling is a more prominent factor in the Global North .",1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,"The majority of the climate science community has reached consensus that mean global temperature has increased and human activity is a major cause , setting the context for public policy action.",0
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,Climate models project that warming of the Arctic is likely to continue at more than double the global rate.,1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,"Air pollution is already one of the biggest public health concerns in Europe: in 2016, roughly 412,000 people died prematurely due to long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5, 71,000 due to NO2 and more than 15,000 premature mortalities occurred due to near-surface ozone .",0
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"Climate change should increase the risk and exposure to damage from flood , sea level rise and more frequent wildfires .",0
Global warming is driving polar bears toward extinction,"Important identified drivers during winter are tropical and polar amplification of global warming and the polar stratospheric vortex , with implications for precipitation.",1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","For the role of weather and climate extremes on the global water cycle, see In summary, with ongoing climate warming and an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme events, observed increases in water temperature, losses of ice and shifts in thermal regime are projected to continue (high confidence).",0
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.",Since the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report has the overarching objective of preventing ‘dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system’.,1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,Droughts are among the natural hazards with the highest adverse impacts on human populations .,1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","This assessed change in temperature before 1850–1900 is not included in the AR6 assessment of global warming to date, to ensure consistency with previous IPCC assessment reports, and because of the lower confidence in the estimate.",1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],This number increases to 59.2–81.3 per million for 2°C warming .,1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,Many grassland-based livestock systems are vulnerable to climate change and increases in climate variability .,1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,This will be the case even if global warming is stabilized at 1.5°C.,1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.",Deser et al focused on the causes of observed and simulated multi-decadal trends in North American temperature.,1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,"This corresponds to an Earth energy imbalance of 0.50 W m–2 for the period 1971–2006, increasing to 0.79 W m–2 for the period 2006–2018, expressed per unit area of Earth’s surface.",1
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","During the decade 2010–2019, glaciers lost more mass than in any other decade since the beginning of the observational record .",0
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,This number increases by around 78 million in a low-warming scenario .,1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,"The CCA efforts can be characterised as fragmented, incoherent and lacking perspective , and the picture on adaptation financing can be stated as similarly fragmented with very limited literature published in peer-reviewed journals.",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,"At the end of the last very cold phase of the most recent Ice Age, about 11,500 years ago, temperatures rose extremely rapidly—as much as 10°C leading to migration.",1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases",This is in the early part of the likely range assessed in the IPCC Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C .,1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,Regional sea level change has been the main driver of changes in extreme still water levels across the quasi-global tide gauge network over the 20th century .,0
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,"These differences have also been observed in former years That means, even moderate changes in the global mean temperature, as identified in the recent IPCC report SR1.5°C and in scientific literature , can mean substantial increases in risks for more than 3 billion people due to high levels of vulnerability.",1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"Since AR5, such observations have expanded to include satellite retrievals of atmospheric CO2 via the NASA Orbiting Carbon Observatory satellites , following on from similar efforts employing the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite .",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","Empirical tests have failed to date to detect meaningful ‘carbon leakage’ and impacts of carbon prices on net import, direct foreign investments, volumes of production, value added, employment, profits, and innovation in industry .",1
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,It is well established that climate change compounds the impacts of pressures that humans place on the environment .,1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"Sea level rise interacts with shoreline erosion, storm surge and wave action, saline intrusion and coastal flooding to directly threaten coastal cities and small communities in North America with impacts to public and private buildings and infrastructure, port and transportation facilities, water resources and cultural heritage sites .",1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,"The Antarctic warms more slowly than the Arctic owing primarily to upwelling in the Southern Ocean, and even at equilibrium is expected to warm less than the Arctic.",1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],Wildfire does not show a clear long-term trend for the world as a whole because of increases and decreases in different regions .,1
The Great Barrier Reef is experiencing the most widespread bleaching ever recorded,"Global projections suggest that disease is as likely to cause coral mortality as bleaching in the coming decades at many localities, with effects occurring earlier at sites in the Caribbean compared to the Pacific and Indian oceans.",0
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,"As noted by AR5 , research on issues related to both climate-change impacts on livestock production–demand for which is expected to double by 2050 in a world of 10 billion people–and policy choices with regard to adaptation, especially at the local scale, is still limited but progressing .",1
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,"However, studies show that replacing fossil fuels with renewables can have major synergies and trade-offs with a broader agenda of sustainable development , including land use and food security , decent jobs and economic growth .",0
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","The genesis, development, and tracks of TCs depend on conditions of the larger-scale circulations of the atmosphere and ocean .",1
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"Sea level rise, increased storm surge, wave action, algae blooms, extreme air temperatures, and changes in wind and precipitation patterns threaten coastal tourism infrastructure, submerge beaches, erode walking paths on coasts, and impact destination attractiveness, tourism demand and recreation economies .",1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,"Climate and ice-sheet models do not project that the AIS response will be the same under high or low greenhouse gas emissions in 2100; rather, there is no consensus on the sign of the change.",1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,"For the period 2006–2015, observed global mean surface temperature .",1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,"Meltwater yields from glacier ice are likely to increase in many regions during the next decades but decrease thereafter, as glaciers become smaller and smaller and finally disappear .",0
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"The downward and upward thermal radiation at the surface has increased in recent decades, in line with increased greenhouse gas concentrations and associated surface and atmospheric warming and moistening (medium confidence).",1
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,Human-induced greenhouse gas forcing is the main driver of the observed changes in hot and cold extremes on the global scale (virtually certain ) and on most continents (very likely ).,0
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]",Climate has three important impacts on the ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2 : ; ; and .,1
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"Contradictory lines of evidence exist between observations and models on the relationship between the rates of warming in GMST and GSAT, compounded by limitations in theoretical understanding.",1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"Since the mid-20th century, extreme warm temperatures have increased and extreme cold temperatures have decreased in the region .",1
The polar bear population has been growing.,"Reproductive failures and declining abundances attributed to warmer polar oceans and less sea ice cover are observed in populations of polar bears, Ursus maritimus, seals, whales and marine birds .",0
"unadjusted data suggests that temperatures in Australia have only increased by 0.3 degrees over the past century, not the 1 degree usually claimed","The number of days per year with maximum temperature greater than 35°C has increased over most parts of Australia from 1957–2015, with the largest increasing trends of 0.4–1 days/year occurring in north-western, Northern, north-eastern Australia and parts of Central Australia .",0
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","The mean temperature in Australasia is virtually certain to continue to rise through the 21st century, accompanied by less frequent cold extremes (virtually certain) and frost days (high confidence), and more frequent hot extremes (virtually certain).",0
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,"The warming pattern likely varies across seasons, with northern high latitudes warming more during boreal winter than summer (medium confidence).",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","The principal contribution to increasing global ocean carbon is the air–sea flux of CO2, which changes the dissolved inorganic carbon .",1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",Surface warming over drylands is projected to reach ~6.5°C .,1
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,"Sea level rise interacts with shoreline erosion, storm surge and wave action, saline intrusion and coastal flooding to directly threaten coastal cities and small communities in North America with impacts to public and private buildings and infrastructure, port and transportation facilities, water resources and cultural heritage sites .",0
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,"Overall, independent lines of evidence from models , substantially longer than in many studies, and from more models carrying out simulations at multiple CO2 concentrations.",1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization","Models also indicate that global sea level rise, as well as warming, ocean acidification and deoxygenation at depth, are irreversible for centuries or longer .",0
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,"An increase of global CO burden of about 50% for the year 2000 relative to 1850 is found in CMIP6 The AR5 reported a global CO decline of about 1% yr–1based on satellite data from 2002–2010, but biases in instruments rendered low confidence in this trend.",1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,The processes that translate emissions of CO2 into a change in global temperature .,1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,The multi-model mean captures most aspects of observed climate change well (high confidence).,1
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,"Climate change, either directly , possibly amplifying other human-caused stresses on these systems .",1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","Tropical regions have experienced less warming than most others, but also exhibit smaller interannual variations in temperature.",1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",Cold days and cold extremes are projected to decrease under all emission scenarios with the strongest decreases associated with low mitigation .,0
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2","As, at present, models do not resolve fine-scale variability of these processes, current projections do not fully capture the changes that the marine environment will experience in the future Overall, with the rise of atmospheric CO2, the physics of CO2 transfer across the air–sea interface, the carbonate chemistry in seawater, the trends of ocean acidification being observed in the past decades , leading to low confidence in their significant and long-lasting impacts on ocean acidification.",1
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","Indigenous and social movements have joined with climate justice activists, calling for action to address climate change .",1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"The principal contribution to increasing global ocean carbon is the air–sea flux of CO2, which changes the dissolved inorganic carbon .",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,It is very likely that global mean stratospheric cooling will be larger by the end of the 21st century in a pathway with higher atmospheric CO2 concentrations.,1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.",The WGI contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report being the first to conclude that warming of the climate system is unequivocal.,1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,Renewable energy can mitigate climate effects .,1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined",It is therefore deemed more likely than not that these estimates based on post-1970s global warming are biased low by internal variability.,1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,"Various definitions of ‘ice free’ Arctic Ocean conditions can be tailored to represent transportation needs, including thresholds of ice coverage .",1
"unadjusted data suggests that temperatures in Australia have only increased by 0.3 degrees over the past century, not the 1 degree usually claimed","More detailed modelling indicates a loss in Australia’s GDP of 6% by 2070 for 3°C global warming, while a 2.6% GDP rise by 2070 is possible for 1.5°C global warming .",1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","The global mean surface temperature change, or ‘global warming level’ .",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],"As yet, these systems are not widely implemented and information on their climate change impacts is limited.",1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","That judgement refers to impacts that exceed the threshold for severity considered here, suggesting that global warming of 4°C would produce severe risks to peace under present societal conditions .",0
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization","For example, sea level rise 50 years after a 1°C warming will be lower than sea level rise 150 years after that same 1°C warming , depending on whether near-term transient climate, end of the century, equilibrium climate or climate states after an initial overshoot are considered.",0
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.",Climate change is conceptualised as one of many factors that interact to raise tensions through diverse causal mechanisms and as part of the peace-vulnerability-development nexus .,1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,"For the period 2006–2015, observed global mean surface temperature .",1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","At the 43rd Session of the IPCC in 2016, the IPCC approved a Special Report on Climate Change and Cities during the Seventh Assessment Cycle of the IPCC .",1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,Mandatory energy performance disclosure and benchmarking of building energy consumption is a powerful policy instrument in particular for non-residential buildings and could be more accurate than energy audits.,1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,"Numerous dams for irrigation, some of which are also used for hydropower, have been and are planned to be built despite wind power generation potential .",1
The ­atmospheric residency time of carbon dioxide is five years,"Compared to those measurements, models tend to transport BC too high in the atmosphere, suggesting that lifetimes are not larger than 5.5 days .",1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","At sustained warming levels between 3°C and 5°C, the Arctic Ocean will become practically sea ice free throughout several months in most years ; permafrost volume in the top 3 m will decrease by up to 90% compared to 1995–2014 .",1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.",In scenarios limiting warming to 1.5°C .,1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,"There is limited evidence that extreme wind speeds, which can damage wind turbines, will increase due to climate change .",1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","Shifts in the frequency, seasonal timing and regions susceptible to ice storms alter risks for agriculture and infrastructure .",1
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.","Halting global warming in the long term requires, at a minimum, that no additional CO2 emissions from human activities are added to the atmosphere (ie, CO2 emissions must reach ‘net’ zero).",1
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,Climate regulation by the ocean depends on physical and biogeochemical processes .,1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,"If the electricity used is based on carbon-free sources, this steel-production process can be nearly CO2 neutral.",0
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,Stronger warming in the Arctic than the global average has already been observed .,1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,Glacier shrinkage and snow cover changes have led to changes .,1
[climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.,"The role of ethical values with regard to inequality and the situation of the worse off , risk , and population size has been explored.",1
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,"Since then, increased warming and progressively more conclusive attribution studies have identified human activities as the ‘dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century’ .",0
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,"Despite expert scientific consensus on anthropogenic climate change, there is polarisation and an ongoing debate over the reality of anthropogenic climate change in the public and policy domains, with attendant risks to society .",0
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,"While farming practices made climate stress worse, the climate variability itself was either completely, or mostly, within the envelope of historical climate variability that earlier human societies had experienced.",1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,"There has been a small (1%) increase in the stratospheric-temperature-adjusted CO2 radiative efficiency, and a +5% tropospheric adjustment has been added.",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],Day-to-day variations in temperature also appear important.,1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,It is virtually certain that the average surface warming will continue to be higher over land than over the ocean and that the surface warming in the Arctic will continue to be more pronounced than the global average over the 21st century.,0
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,"Similarly, the use of the term climate resilient development pathways , but its use accelerated after appearing in United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change .",1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","The weakening of the PDV in a warmer climate may reduce the internal variability of global mean surface temperature, to which PDV seems associated .",1
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,"For North America, the various studies have low agreement for the changes in future wind resources in part because the year-to-year variations in wind resources are often larger than the future change due to climate change .",1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,"Variable phytoplankton stoichiometry is predicted to increase the amount of carbon stored via the BCP relative to the amount of PP, so that fixed stoichiometry models .",1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,To address this limitation an emergent constraint on 1970–2005 global warming was demonstrated to yield a best estimate ECS of 2.83 °C .,1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization",The role of ocean acidification in ancient extinctions is yet to be resolved .,1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","However, other studies report that the impact of climate change is substantially smaller than interannual variability, with no significant impact on the occurrence of extreme low wind production events in Europe .",1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,"Several critical risks for human health increase due to climate change, including heat waves and vector-borne diseases .",0
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,"Together with the proliferation of suspicions of ‘fake news’ and ‘post-truth’, some traditional and social media contents have fuelled polarisation and partisan divides on climate change in many countries , which can further deter development of new and ambitious climate policy .",0
[climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.,"However, first studies do not only quantify the change in occurrence probabilities but translate the actual change in climate-related systems into the additional area affected by flooding in a process-based way to damages induced by Hurricane Sandy; Wehner and Sampson, 2021 for the contribution increased precipitation to damages induced by Hurricane Harvey) and attribute a considerable part of the observed damage to anthropogenic climate forcing.",0
"the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change'","Global media coverage of the wildfires, alongside Australia’s climate change policy response, profoundly and negatively, affected Australia’s destination image .",1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"In some cases, such responses may also include non-local effects .",1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,Apart from land subsidence from urbanisation .,1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says","Although heating demand in cold climate regions can be expected to decrease with climate change and, to a certain extent, outweigh the increase in cooling demand, the effects on total primary energy requirements are uncertain .",0
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,"The magnitude of cascading changes over the next two centuries includes regional warming and temperature extremes, permafrost declines and sea ice loss beyond that experienced in human existence.",0
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,This is consistent with literature that suggests that greenhouse gas .,1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,Higher levels of CO2 are predicted to lead to 5–10% reductions in a wide range of minerals and nutrients .,1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","Over the past two decades, Arctic Ocean surface temperature has increased in line with the global average, while there has been no uniform warming across the Antarctic .",0
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases","Most of this total ERF, 3.32 W m–2, comes from the well-mixed greenhouse gases, with changes in ozone and stratospheric water vapour .",1
[climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.,"With its significant negative impact on natural systems, food security and infrastructure, loss of lives and territories, species extinction, conflict health, among several other risks, climate change poses a serious threat to development and wellbeing in both rich and poor countries .",0
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.",Renewable energy can mitigate climate effects .,1
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.","In addition, CO2 effects on plant stomatal conductance could not entirely compensate for the increased demand associated with warming ; in large tropical and subtropical regions .",1
[climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.,"Tropical cyclones and severe coastal storms can deliver wind, water and coastal hazards with the potential for widespread mortality and damages to cities, housing, transportation and energy infrastructure, ecosystems and agricultural lands .",1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,The net effect of this asymmetry on the global surface temperature is poorly constrained due to low agreement between models (low confidence).,0
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,"Increasing concentrations of CO2 are expected to increase carbon stocks globally, with the strongest effects in the tropics .",1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,"Mean wind speed: Due to the lack of long-term homogeneous records or limited observations in the region, past wind speed trends are difficult to establish.",1
Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.,Ocean acidification is strengthening as a result of the ocean continuing to take up CO2 from human-caused emissions models are primarily a consequence of higher atmospheric CO2 concentrations in the Shared Socio-economic Pathways .,0
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.",Changes in solar radiation as a consequence of solar dimming and brightening may affect trends .,1
Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet,"Globally, increasing atmospheric CO2 enhances the terrestrial sink but temperature increases constrain it, reflecting the biological process understanding highlighted in previous IPCC reports .",1
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,"A recent global study concluded that reservoirs might emit more carbon than they bury, especially in the tropics .",1
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.","Without rapid decarbonisation of electricity supply, greenhouse gas emissions will increase due to the increased use of air conditioning installations in cities.",1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.",The impacts from extreme events depend not just on physical climate system hazards .,1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","However, up to half of changes recorded during the second half of the 20th century could be due to internal variability .",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],Global surface temperatures increased by about 0.1°C .,1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"However, CO2 is not the only greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming and reducing emissions of other greenhouse gases (GHGs) alongside CO2 towards net zero emissions of all GHGs would lower the level at which global temperature would peak.",0
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",It is very likely that global mean stratospheric cooling will be larger by the end of the 21st century in a pathway with higher atmospheric CO2 concentrations.,1
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","Wang et al noted, from remote sensing, that during the ‘global warming hiatus’ from 1998 to 2012, there were no global trends in either spring green-up or autumn colouring.",1
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]","However, CO2 is not the only greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming and reducing emissions of other greenhouse gases (GHGs) alongside CO2 towards net zero emissions of all GHGs would lower the level at which global temperature would peak.",0
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,"The study was followed up using CMIP6 models yielding a best estimate ECS of 2.6 °C based on 1975–2019 global warming , thereby confirming the emergent constraint.",1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,"Climate models can reproduce the sign (direction) of changes in temperature extremes observed globally and in most regions, although the magnitude of the trends may differ (high confidence).",0
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,There has been an increased focus on the impact of warming on livestock health and productivity .,1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases","The RFC framework was further expanded in SR1.5 , SROCC and SRCCL by explicitly describing the differential impacts of half-degree warming steps In this Report, the term ‘global warming level’ refers to the categorization of global and regional climate change, associated impacts, emissions and concentrations scenarios by GMST relative to 1850–1900, which is the period used as a proxy for pre-industrial levels .",1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,Photovoltaic panels can lose energy production efficiency with dust accumulation .,1
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,The rate of Arctic surface warming will continue to exceed the global average over this century (high confidence).,1
"Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions.","However, short-term emissions trends alone do not generally rule out an opposite trend in the future .",1
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,Renewable energy can mitigate climate effects .,0
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.","Moreover, higher degrees of adaptive capacity do not mean that adaptation action will follow automatically, nor that it will succeed in terms of equity and effectiveness in reducing vulnerability to climate change and enhancing well-being.",1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","Since 2000, the world has been experiencing significant increase in economic losses and damages from natural disasters and weather perils such as tropical cyclones, earthquakes, flooding and drought.",1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,Peatland ecosystems may increase on the west Antarctic Peninsula with future warming .,1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,"However, even though warming from anthropogenic emissions will persist for centuries to millennia and will cause ongoing long-term changes, past emissions alone are unlikely to raise global surface temperature to 1.5°C above 1850–1900 levels.",1
There isn’t yet any empirical evidence for their claim that greenhouse gases even cause temperatures to increase.,Most studies have concluded that Kyoto did cause emissions reductions.,1
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,"In North Asia, emissions from fires reduce forests’ ability to regulate climate.",1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","Freezing rain and ice storms can be treacherous for road and air travel , and can knock down power and telecommunication lines if ice accumulation is high .",1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","The results of Gregory et al show that, if the ice sheet loses mass equivalent to about 3–3.5 m of sea level rise, it would not regrow to its present state, and 2 m of the sea level rise would be irreversible.",0
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.","In Canada, warming temperatures are expected to reduce demand for heating by 18–33% and increase demand for cooling by 14–126% by 2070 compared with 1959–1989 and 1998–2014 baseline periods, respectively .",0
"If CO2 was so terrible for the planet, then installing a CO2 generator in a greenhouse would kill the plants.","Given that CO2 emissions constitute the dominant human influence on global climate, global net zero CO2 emissions are a prerequisite for stabilising warming at any level.",1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","Ninety-six percent of the population of this species has been lost since 1900, with a 77% decline in the last two decades .",1
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,Because of the greater warming over land than over oceans .,1
[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.,"Since the 1960s, the total solar radiation on the ground in Asia has shown a downwards trend as a whole, which is consistent with the change in global total solar radiation on the ground, and has experienced a phased change process of ‘first darkening and then brightening’ However, wind speed over most Asian regions is obviously decreasing .",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],The aerosol-induced warming would also offset some of the GHG-induced stratospheric cooling.,1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,"The global annual mean surface air temperature response to urbanization is, however, negligible (very high confidence).",1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","By 2019, only 17,700 pairs remained .",1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,Stronger warming in the Arctic than the global average has already been observed .,0
"The IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is sort of the voice of the consensus, concedes that there has been no increase in extreme weather events.","Most recently, the IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Land , and the IPBES–IPCC joint report on biodiversity and climate change provided a synthesis of the current understanding of the interactions, synergies and feedbacks between biodiversity and climate change .",1
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,"Effective climate change mitigation can cause economic and social disruption where there is transformative change, such as changes in energy systems away from fossil fuels in order to create broad coalitions of supporters or to limit opposition .",1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"GSAT projected for the end of the 23rd century under SSP2-4.5 has not been experienced since the mid-Pliocene, about 3 million years ago.",1
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,"These include: the Paris Agreement under the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change , alongside goals for adaptation .",1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,"The majority of the climate science community has reached consensus that mean global temperature has increased and human activity is a major cause , setting the context for public policy action.",0
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says","While the shorter observational record in winter , winter mixed-layer depths deepening at rates of 10 m per decade have been reported at individual long-term mid-latitude monitoring sites .",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.",The amplitude of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation but there is no clear evidence of human influence .,1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.","Extreme events such as heatwaves, droughts, floods, storms and fires have caused deaths and injuries and reduced adaptive capacity Slow-onset climate change impacts have also had cascading and compounding effects.",0
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,"However, evidence does not indicate that human mobility constitutes a general risk to peace.",1
The Great Barrier Reef is experiencing the most widespread bleaching ever recorded,"Extreme climatic events in Australia from 2011 to 2017 led to abrupt and extensive mortality of key habitat-forming organisms — corals, kelps, seagrasses and mangroves — along over 45% of the continental coastline of Australia In 2016 and 2017, the GBR experienced consecutive occurrences of the most severe coral bleaching in recorded history .",0
The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC,"If warming is held to 1.5°C, GMSL will still continue to rise well beyond 2100, but at a slower rate and a lower magnitude.",1
[NASA] has been adjusting temperatures from the past[...],Some adaptation measures will also become less effective at higher temperatures.,1
The polar bear population has been growing.,Macroalgae and seagrass are generally expanding in the Arctic .,1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,"The specific global mean temperature is known as global warming level , always taking into account caveats described in Cross-Chapter Box 11.1.",1
"Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid.",The increase in global temperature level up to 2°C will exacerbate food and water insecurity in the Amazon .,1
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists",People are exposed to intense drought and famine .,1
"[O]ne of the previously fastest shrinking glaciers in the world is growing again, calling into question the narrative that rapid climate change [...]","The Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate , with glaciers retreating globally since the mid-20th century .",0
"The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists","Most of these impacts have been associated with drought, monsoon rain and oceanic oscillations, the frequency and severity of which have been linked with the changing climate .",0
"CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...]","Climate has always varied and changed in the past, and this change often caused substantial ecological, evolutionary and socioeconomic impacts.",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,Widespread permafrost thaw is projected to continue through this century and beyond.,0
Burping cows are more damaging to the climate than all the cars on this planet.,Studies simply educating people about the negative health and environmental/climate outcomes of meat consumption have been found to have very little impact .,1
"Sea level rise has been slow and a constant, pre-dating industrialization","Interactions between sea level rise and storm surges , and sea level and fluvial flooding are projected to lead to more frequent and intense compound coastal flooding events as sea levels continue to rise.",0
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","Mean temperatures over the region have increased by 0.7°C–1°C from 1973 to 2013, depending on the season .",0
Global warming is driving polar bears toward extinction,"The North American Arctic is warming at nearly three times the global average, creating a cascading web of local, regional and global impacts within and beyond polar regions.",1
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,"In summary, climate change is one of the key drivers of the loss and degradation of freshwater ecosystems and the unprecedented decline and extinction of many freshwater-dependent populations.",1
"Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2",SRM would not counteract or stop ocean acidification (high confidence).,1
NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were.,We refer to future climate conditions either based on their global average warming level or as a ‘high warming’ scenario .,1
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,"Overall, sea level rise is projected to increase the risk of coastal flooding despite the potential slight reductions of marine storms .",0
When the exact same group of 'experts' who claimed it was global cooling in 1977 now claim it's global warming you can easily see why I am skeptical,"The global mean surface temperature change, or ‘global warming level’ .",1
"Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming","Over the past two decades, Arctic Ocean surface temperature has increased in line with the global average, while there has been no uniform warming across the Antarctic .",0
Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years.,"Mean air temperature: Across Australia mean temperatures have increased by 1.44°C ± 0.24°C during the period 1910–2019, with most of the warming occurring since 1950 .",1
"[T]he raw data, the actual thermometer data[...] shows that the US has been cooling for 80 to 90 years.",Data from field campaigns suggest that a ‘suppression of cooling’ can explain the observed warming .,1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","Since the early 2010s, the average wind speed in the world and some parts of Asia has shown signs of increasing , which seems to be an inter-decadal variability.",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,It is very likely that long-term lower-tropospheric warming will be larger in the Arctic than in the global mean.,1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","Furthermore, Buchholz et al report a slowdown in global CO decline in 2010–2018 compared to 2002–2010, although the magnitude and sign of this change in the trend varies regionally.",1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says",Climate change is not expected to substantially impact global solar insolation and will not compromise the ability of solar energy to support low-carbon transitions .,0
More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a 'European Climate Declaration' to the Secretary-General of the United Nations,"The European Union declared its ambition to stimulate ‘the creation of a community of climate services application developers and users that matches supply and demand for climate information and prediction’, giving primacy to climate services that are user-driven and science-informed , thus embracing concepts of co-design, co-development and co-evaluation of climate services .",0
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,"The AR5 did not include an assessment of large-scale temperature estimates for the MH, although it assigned high confidence to the long-term cooling trend over mid- to high-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and likely the warmest 30-year period of the past 1.4 kyr based on a quality-controlled, multi-proxy synthesis of paleo-temperature records from 470 terrestrial and 209 marine sites globally indicates that the median GMST of the warmest two-century-long interval was 0.7 °C warmer than 1800–1900 , and was centred around 6.5 ka.",1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,They play a significant role in ocean circulation and absorption of anthropogenic CO2 .,1
'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017.,Mean air temperature: New literature confirms a continuous warming since the beginning of the 20th century in the majority of the eight sub-regions .,0
The Great Barrier Reef is experiencing the most widespread bleaching ever recorded,"Since the mid-20th century, a distinct feature of coral δ11B records relates to ocean acidification trends, albeit having a wide range of values: 0.12–0.40 pH unit in the Great Barrier Reef , 0.05–0.08 pH unit in the north-west Pacific and 0.04–0.09 pH unit in the Atlantic Ocean .",1
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.",Last millennium GCM simulations are able to reproduce stronger SAmerM during the 1400–1600 period in comparison with warmer epochs such as the 900–1100 period or the current warming period .,0
"unadjusted data suggests that temperatures in Australia have only increased by 0.3 degrees over the past century, not the 1 degree usually claimed",A growing proportion of Australians perceive links between climate change and high temperatures experienced during heatwaves and extremely hot days .,1
"Ice berg melts, ocean level remains the same.","The Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate , with glaciers retreating globally since the mid-20th century .",1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,"A study by Garbe et al suggests that 6°C sustained warming and associated mass loss of about 12 m SLE may be a critical threshold beyond which the ice sheet reorganizes to a new state, leading to large losses from East Antarctica The SROCC assessed that Antarctic mass losses could be irreversible over decades to millennia show that the AIS is always volumetrically smaller when regrowing under a given warming level than when it retreats under the same forcing.",1
Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate,More sophisticated models confirm the local warming effect of wind farms but report that the impact on the regional area is slight and occasional .,1
"unadjusted data suggests that temperatures in Australia have only increased by 0.3 degrees over the past century, not the 1 degree usually claimed",Water temperatures in rivers and lakes have increased over the past century by ~1–3°C in major European rivers .,1
Sea level rise is not going to happen.,Climate change will not affect wind and solar resources to the extent that it would compromise their ability to reduce emissions.,1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","However, climate change also has positive implications (benefits and opportunities) for certain people and systems, although there are gaps in the literature on these positive effects.",1
"according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined","Furthermore, Buchholz et al report a slowdown in global CO decline in 2010–2018 compared to 2002–2010, although the magnitude and sign of this change in the trend varies regionally.",1
A windmill could spin until it falls apart and never generate as much energy as was invested in building it.,No robust future changes in wind resources have been identified in China .,1
"Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says","The highest increase of temperature of coldest days is projected in Arctic regions, at about three times the rate of global warming (high confidence).",0
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","The AR5 did not include an assessment of large-scale temperature estimates for the MH, although it assigned high confidence to the long-term cooling trend over mid- to high-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and likely the warmest 30-year period of the past 1.4 kyr based on a quality-controlled, multi-proxy synthesis of paleo-temperature records from 470 terrestrial and 209 marine sites globally indicates that the median GMST of the warmest two-century-long interval was 0.7 °C warmer than 1800–1900 , and was centred around 6.5 ka.",1
The models predicted about three times the amount of warming in the world we’ve seen since [1988].,"In most regions, future changes in the intensity of temperature extremes will very likely be proportional to changes in global warming, and up to two to three times larger (high confidence).",1
Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory,Exceeding a specific remaining carbon budget results in higher global warming.,1
"The science is clear, climate change is making extreme weather events, including tornadoes, worse.","Recent studies conclude that climate change can increase the severity and intensity of crises or even trigger disasters, particularly floods, storms, forest and wildfires, and droughts.",0
it’s not a pollutant that threatens human civilization.,There is high confidence that global CO burden is declining since 2000.,1
Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability.,"However, even though warming from anthropogenic emissions will persist for centuries to millennia and will cause ongoing long-term changes, past emissions alone are unlikely to raise global surface temperature to 1.5°C above 1850–1900 levels.",0
Most likely the primary control knob [on climate change] is the ocean waters and this environment that we live in.,Human influence has been a major driver of regional mean temperature change since 1950 in many sub-continental regions of the world (virtually certain).,0
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,"Global terrestrial ecosystems comprised a net sink of -1.9 ± 1.1 Gt yr -1 from 2010 to 2019 , mainly due to growth in forests , mitigating ~31% of global emissions from the burning of fossil fuels and LUC In summary, terrestrial ecosystems contain 3000–4000 GtC in vegetation, permafrost and soils, three to five times the amount of carbon in unextracted fossil fuels and 4.4 times the carbon currently in the atmosphere .",1
"They were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records","Since AR5, scarce ground-based measurements have shown that the decline in C2-C3 alkanes ended around 2008 and their abundances are since growing again, which is primarily attributed to increasing North American emissions .",1
The Great Barrier Reef is experiencing the most widespread bleaching ever recorded,"The largest portion of this is attributed to tropical cyclones , followed by flooding .",1
Global warming is driving polar bears toward extinction,"Reductions of winter severity attributed to anthropogenic climate change are increasing winter algal biomass, and motile and phototropic species, at the expense of mixotrophic species Tropical lakes are prone to loss of deep-water oxygen due to lake warming, with negative consequences for their fisheries and their biodiversity .",1
Earth about to enter 30-YEAR ‘Mini Ice Age’,"Since AR5, new global models are emerging that more rigorously treat ice and Earth structure uncertainty .",1
They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide.,"Since then, increased warming and progressively more conclusive attribution studies have identified human activities as the ‘dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century’ .",0
"the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change'","Climate change has contributed to increases in the fire weather season or the probability of fire weather conditions in the Amazon , Australia , Canada , central Asia , East Africa and North America .",0
"Earth’s mean temperature over the last 2,000 years shows two previous periods when temperatures were warmer than they are now; from 1–200 A.D., an epoch called the Roman Warm Period, and more recently the Medieval Warm Period from 900–1100 A.D.","For the period 2006–2015, observed global mean surface temperature .",1
"Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one.","There is still limited evidence on how climate change impacts wind, solar and biomass energy production and their use.",1
Scientists studying Antarctica sea ice warn a rise in accumulation could spark the next ice age.,The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are projected to lose mass at an increasing rate throughout the 21st century and beyond .,1
Fifty-five thousand years ago the whole world was 2°C warmer than it is today[...],"About 50% of this was below 200°C, about 25% at temperatures 200°C–500°C, and 25% at temperatures of 500°C and above .",1
"So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases","Anthropogenic global warming was estimated to be increasing at 0.2 ± 0.1°C per decade , increased droughts in some regions .",1