Produced by Juliet Sutherland Tonya Allenand the Online Distributed Proofreading TeamSTEAM STEEL AND ELECTRICITYByJAMES W STEELECONTENTSTHE STORY OF STEAM    What Steam isSteam in NatureThe Engine in its earlier    formsGradual explosionThe Hero engineThe Templedoor    machineIdeas of the Middle AgesBeginnings of the modern    engineBrancas engineSaverys engineThe Papin engine    using cylinder and pistonWatts improvements upon the    Newcomen ideaThe crank movementThe first use of steam    expansivelyThe GovernorFirst engine by an American    InventorIts effect upon progress in the United    StatesSimplicity and cheapness of the modern engineActual    construction of the modern engineValves piston etc with    diagramsTHE AGE OF STEEL    The various Ages in civilizationAncient knowledge of the    metalsThe invention and use of BronzeWhat Steel isThe    Lost ArtsMetallurgy and chemistryOriental SteelModern    definition of SteelInvention of Cast SteelFirst ironore    discoveries in AmericaFirst American IronworksEarly    methods without steamFirst American castingEffect of iron    industry upon independenceWaterpowerThe triphammerThe    steamhammer of NasmythMachinetools and their    effectsFirst rollingmillProduct of the iron industry in    184050The modern nail and how it cameEffect of iron upon    architectureThe SkyScraperGas as fuel in iron    manufacturesThe Steel of the presentThe invention of    KelleyThe Bessemer processThe ConverterPresent    product of SteelThe SteelmillTHE STORY OF ELECTRICITY    The oldest and the youngest of the sciencesOrigin of the    nameAncient ideas of ElectricityLater experimentsCrude    notions and wrong conclusionsFirst Electric    MachineFrictional ElectricityThe Leyden JarExtreme    ideas and FakerismFranklin his new ideas and their    receptionFranklins KiteThe Man FranklinExperiments    after Franklin leading to our present modern usesGalvani and    his discoveryVolta and the first BatteryHow a battery    actsThe laws of Electricity and how they were    discoveredInduction and its discovererThe line at which    modern Electricity beginsMagnetism and ElectricityThe    ElectroMagnetThe Molecular theoryFaraday and his Law of    Magnetic ForceMODERN ELECTRICITY    CHAPTER I The Four great qualities of Electricity which make    its modern uses possibleThe universal wireConductors and    non conductorsElectricity an exception in the ordinary Laws    of NatureA dual nature Positive and NegativeAll    modern uses come under the law of InductionSome of the laws    of this inductionMagnets and MagnetismRelationship between    the twoMagnetic polesPractical explanation of the action    of inductionThe Induction CoilDynamic and Static    ElectricityThe Electric TelegraphFirst attemptsMorse    and his beginningsThe first Telegraph LineVail and the    invention of the dotanddash alphabetThe old instruments and    the newThe final simplicity of the telegraph    CHAPTER II The Ocean CableDifferences between land lines and    cablesThe story of the first cableField and his final    successThe TelephoneEarly attemptsDescription of Bells    inventionThe TelautographEarly attempts and the idea upon    which they were basedDescription of Grays inventionHow a    Telautograph may be made mechanically    CHAPTER III The Electric LightCauses of heat and light in    the conductor of a currentThe first Electric LightThe Arc    Light and how constructedThe IncandescentThe    DynamoDate of the inventionSuccessive stepsFaraday the    discoverer of its principlePixüs    machinePacinattiWildeSiemens and WheatstoneThe    MotorHow the Dynamo and Motor came to be coupledReview of    first attemptsKidders batteryPages machineElectric    RailroadsElectrolysisGeneral factsElectrical    MeasurementsDeath CurrentInstruments of    MeasurementElectricity as an IndustryMedical    ElectricityIncomplete possibilitiesWhat the Storage    Battery is    CHAPTER IV Electrical Invention in the United StatesReview    of the careers of Franklin Morse Field Edison and    othersSome of the surprising applications of    ElectricityThe RangeFinderCooking and heating by    ElectricityTHE STORY OF STEAMThat which was utterly unknown to the most splendid civilizations of thepast is in our time the chief power of civilization daily engaged inmaking that history of a new era that is yet to be written in words Ithas been demonstrated long since that mens lives are to be influencednot by theory or belief or argument and reason so much as by thatcourse of daily life which is not attempted to be governed by argumentand reason but by great physical facts like steam electricity andmachinery in their present applicationsThe greatest of these facts of the present civilization are expressed inthe phrase Steam and Steel The theme is stupendous Only the mostprominent of its facts can be given in small space and those only inoutline The subject is also old yet to every boy it must be toldagain and the most ordinary intelligence must have some desire to knowthe secrets if such they are of that which is unquestionably thegreatest force that ever yielded to the audacity of humanity It is nowof little avail to know that all the records that men revere all thegreat epics of the world were written in the absence of thecharacteristic forces of modern life A thousand generations had livedand died an immense volume of history had been enacted the heroes ofall the ages and almost those of our own time had fulfilled theirdestinies and passed away before it came about that a mere physicalfact should fill a larger place in our lives than all examples and thatthe evanescent vapor which we call steam should change daily andeffectively the courses and modes of human action and erect life uponanother planeIt may seem not a little absurd to inquire now