Grid energy storage Batteries Technology comparison for Grid-Level applications

| Technology | Moving_Parts | Room_Temperature | Flammable | Toxic_Materials | In_production | Rare_metals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| flow | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No |
| liquid metal | No | No | Yes | No | No | No |
| Sodium-Ion | No | No | Yes | No | No | No |
| Lead-Acid | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Sodium-sulfur batteries | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Ni-Cd | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Lithium-ion | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |