Diamond simulant Artificial simulants Summary table

| Material | Formula | Refractive_indexes_589_3_nm | Dispersion_431_687_nm | Hardness_Mohs_scale | Density_g_cm3 | Thermal_Cond_ | State_of_the_art_ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diamond | C | 2.417 | 0.044 | 10 | 3.52 | Excellent | (Natural) |
| Glasses | Silica with Pb, Al, &/or Tl | ~ 1.6 | > 0.020 | < 6 | 2.4 – 4.2 | Poor | 1700 – |
| White Sapphire | Al2O3 | 1.762 – 1.770 | 0.018 | 9 | 3.97 | Poor | 1900–1947 |
| Spinel | MgO·Al2O3 | 1.727 | 0.020 | 8 | ~ 3.6 | Poor | 1920–1947 |
| Rutile | TiO2 | 2.62 – 2.9 | 0.33 | ~ 6 | 4.25 | Poor | 1947–1955 |
| Strontium titanate | SrTiO3 | 2.41 | 0.19 | 5.5 | 5.13 | Poor | 1955–1970 |
| YAG | Y3Al5O12 | 1.83 | 0.028 | 8.25 | 4.55 – 4.65 | Poor | 1970–1975 |
| GGG | Gd3Ga5O12 | 1.97 | 0.045 | 7 | 7.02 | Poor | 1973–1975 |