United States Senate elections, 1956 Race summaries Races leading to the 85th Congress

| State_ | Incumbent | Party | Result_ | Candidates_ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kentucky | Earle C. Clements | Democratic | Lost re-election , Republican gain | Thruston Morton (Republican) 50.4% , Earle C. Clements (Democratic) 49.7% |
| Kentucky , Special: Class 2 | Robert Humphreys | Democratic | Appointee retired , Winner elected to finish term ending January 3, 1961 , Republican gain | John S. Cooper (Republican) 53.2% , Lawrence W. Wetherby (Democratic) 46.8% |
| Louisiana | Russell B. Long | Democratic | Re-elected | Russell B. Long (Democratic) Unopposed |
| Maryland | John M. Butler | Republican | Re-elected | John M. Butler (Republican) 53.0% , George P. Mahoney (Democratic) 47.0% |
| Missouri | Thomas C. Hennings, Jr. | Democratic | Re-elected | Thomas C. Hennings, Jr. (Democratic) 56.4% , Herbert Douglas (Republican) 43.6% |
| Nevada | Alan Bible | Democratic | Re-elected | Alan Bible (Democratic) 52.6% , Cliff Young (Republican) 47.4% |