Question: Since what year has the diplomatic official associated with Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation worked as ambassador ?

text: Ambassadors of the United States
Special Envoys , Representatives and Coordinators
These diplomatic officials report directly to the Secretary of State . Many oversee a portfolio not restricted to one nation , often an overall goal , and are not usually subject to Senate confirmation . [ 92 ] [ 87 ] [ 93 ] Unlike the State Department offices and diplomats listed in other sections of this Article , the offices and special envoys/representatives/coordinators listed in this Section are created and staffed by direction of top Federal Executive administrators - primarily U.S. Presidents and Secretaries of State - whose political or organizational management philosophies may not be shared by their successors . [ 94 ] [ 95 ] [ 96 ] As such , many of these positions may go unfilled upon assumption of office by successor Presidential Administrations , with their offices sometimes merged with or subsumed into other offices , or abolished altogether .
Ambassadors of the United States are persons nominated as ambassadors by the President to serve as United States diplomats to individual nations of the world, to international organizations, and as ambassadors-at-large. Their appointment needs to be confirmed by the United States Senate. An ambassador can be appointed during a recess, but he or she can only serve as ambassador until the end of the next session of Congress unless subsequently confirmed. Ambassadors serve at the pleasure of the President, meaning they can be dismissed at any time. Appointments change regularly for various reasons, such as reassignment or retirement. An ambassador may be a career Foreign Service Officer (career diplomat - CD) or a political appointee (PA). In most cases, career foreign service officers serve a tour of approximately three years per ambassadorship whereas political appointees customarily tender their resignations upon the inauguration of a new president. As embassies fall under the State Department's jurisdiction, ambassadors answer directly to the Secretary of State. The United States Department of State provides lists of ambassadors which are updated periodically. (A recent list was issued on December 4, 2018. A further 24 nominees were confirmed on January 2, 2019, and a number of ambassadorships remain vacant.) A listing by country of past chiefs of mission is maintained by the Office of the Historian of the U.S. Department of State.
Portfolio Officeholder ( Title ) Website
Afghanistan and Pakistan - S/SRAP office disestablished June 2017 , its duties assumed by the Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs Alice Wells [ 66 ]
Arctic Region - In 2017 it was announced this office 's functions would be subsumed into the Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs Vacant since January 20 , 2017 ( Special Representative ) [ 67 ]
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Matthew Matthews ( Senior Official ) [ 68 ]
Assistance to Europe , Eurasia , and Central Asia Vacant ( Coordinator ) [ 69 ]
Biological & Toxin Weapons Convention Issues Robert Wood ( Special Representative ) [ 70 ]
Burma - In 2017 it was announced this office 's functions would be subsumed into the Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs Vacant since November 19 , 2014 ( Senior Advisor ) [ 71 ]
Central African Republic Vacant since 2015 ( Special Representative ) [ 72 ]
Civil Society and Emerging Democracies Vacant since October 31 , 2014 ( Coordinator ) [ 73 ]
Climate Change - In 2017 it was announced this office 's functions would be subsumed into the Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs Vacant since January 20 , 2017 ( Special Envoy ) [ 74 ]
Closure of the Guantánamo Detention Facility - In 2017 it was announced this office would be disestablished , and any of its functions deemed still necessary would be assumed by the Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs Vacant since January 20 , 2017 ( Special Envoy ) [ 75 ]
Commercial and Business Affairs Vacant ( Special Representative ) Scott Ticknor , acting [ 76 ]
Conference on Disarmament Robert Wood ( Special Representative ) [ 77 ]
Counterterrorism Nathan A . Sales ( Coordinator ) [ 78 ]
Cyber Issues - In 2017 it was announced the coordinator position for this office would be discontinued , and its functions subsumed into the Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs Vacant since July 2017 ( Coordinator ) [ 79 ]
Environment and Water Resources - In 2017 it was announced the assistant secretary for oceans and international environmental and scientific affairs would be dual-hatted as the special representative for environment and water resources Vacant since January 2017 ( Special Representative ) [ 80 ]
Fissile Material Negotiator Michael Guhin ( Senior Cutoff Coordinator ) [ 81 ]
Global Coalition to Counter ISIL Vacant since December 31 , 2018 ( Special Presidential Envoy ) [ 82 ]
Global Criminal Justice Todd Buchwald ( Special Coordinator ) [ 83 ]
Global Engagement Center Vacant ( Coordinator ) Daniel Kimmage , acting [ 84 ]
Global Food Security - In 2017 it was reported that this office would be moved to USAID Vacant ( Special Representative ) Ted Lyng , acting [ 85 ]