Question: How many books did the earliest Johns Hopkins University Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine winner write ?

text: List of Nobel laureates affiliated with Johns Hopkins University
Nobel laureates by category -- Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine

This list of Nobel laureates affiliated with Johns Hopkins University comprehensively shows the alumni, faculty members as well as researchers of Johns Hopkins University who were awarded the Nobel Prize or the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. The Nobel Prizes, established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, are awarded to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physics, and Physiology or Medicine. An associated prize, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (commonly known as the Nobel Prize in Economics), was instituted by Sweden's central bank, Sveriges Riksbank, in 1968 and first awarded in 1969. As of October 2019, there have been 39 Nobel laureates affiliated with Johns Hopkins University, and 29 of them are officially listed as Johns Hopkins' Nobel Laureates by the university. Among the 39 laureates, 16 are Johns Hopkins' alumni (graduates and attendees), 15 are long-term faculty members and 16 are researchers (eight overlaps). Subject-wise, 18 Johns Hopkins laureates have won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, more than any other subject. Woodrow Wilson, who received his Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins in 1886, was the first Johns Hopkins-affiliated laureate, winning the Nobel Peace Prize in 1919. Four Nobel Prizes were shared by Johns Hopkins laureates: George Minot and George Whipple won the 1934 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Joseph Erlanger and Herbert Spencer Gasser won the 1944 Nobel Prize in Physiology in Medicine, Daniel Nathans and Hamilton O. Smith won the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and David H. Hubel and Torsten N. Wiesel won the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Year Laureate Relation Rationale
1933 Thomas Hunt Morgan Ph.D. , 1890 ; LL.D. , 1915 for his discoveries concerning the role played by the chromosome in heredity
1934 George Minot ( shared with George Whipple and William P. Murphy ) Assistant in Medicine , 1914-15 for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia
1934 George Whipple ( shared with George Minot and William P. Murphy ) M.D. , 1905 ; Associate Professor in Pathology , 1910-14 for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia
1944 Joseph Erlanger ( shared with Herbert Spencer Gasser ) M.D. , 1899 ; Assistant in Physiology , 1900-01 ; Instructor , 1901-03 ; Associate , 1903-04 ; Associate Professor , 1904-06 ; LL.D. , 1947 for their discoveries relating to the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibres
1944 Herbert Spencer Gasser ( shared with Joseph Erlanger ) M.D. , 1915 for their discoveries relating to the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibres
1966 Francis Peyton Rous ( shared with Charles Brenton Huggins ) A.B. , 1900 ; M.D. , 1905 for his discovery of tumour -inducing viruses
1967 Haldan Keffer Hartline ( shared with Ragnar Granit and George Wald ) M.D . 1927 ; Professor of Biophysics , 1949-54 for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye
1978 Daniel Nathans ( shared with Werner Arber and Hamilton O. Smith ) Assistant Professor , 1962-65 ; Associate Professor , 1965-67 ; Professor of Molecular Biology and Genetics , 1967-1999 ; Interim President , 1995-96 for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics
1978 Hamilton O. Smith ( shared with Werner Arber and Daniel Nathans ) M.D. , 1956 ; Assistant Professor of Microbiology , 1967-69 ; Associate Professor , 1969-1973 ; Professor , 1973-1998 ; Professor Emeritus 1998-present for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics
1981 David H. Hubel ( shared with Torsten N. Wiesel ) Assistant Resident , Neurology , 1954-55 ; Fellow , Neuroscience , 1958-59 for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system
1981 Torsten N. Wiesel ( shared with David H. Hubel ) Fellow , Ophthalmology , 1955-58 ; Assistant Professor , 1958-59 for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system
1994 Martin Rodbell ( shared with Alfred G. Gilman ) B.A. , 1949 for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells
2000 Paul Greengard ( shared with Arvid Carlsson and Eric Kandel ) Ph.D. , 1953 for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system
2004 Richard Axel ( shared with Linda B. Buck ) M.D. , 1971 for their discoveries of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system
2006 Andrew Fire ( shared with Craig Mello ) Adjunct professor of biology , 1989-present for their discovery of RNA interference - gene silencing by double-stranded RNA
2009 Carol Greider ( shared with Elizabeth H. Blackburn and Jack W. Szostak ) Daniel Nathans Professor and the Director of Molecular Biology and Genetics at the Johns Hopkins Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase
2019 Gregg L. Semenza ( shared with William G. Kaelin and Peter J. Ratcliffe ) C. Michael Armstrong Professor of Genetic Medicine , Biological Chemistry , Medicine , Pediatrics , Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences and Director of the Vascular Program at the Johns Hopkins Institute of Cell Engineering for their discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability
2019 William Kaelin Jr Medical Resident and Postdoctoral Fellow