Question: What is the `` External '' episcopate of the Cardinal who died in December 1221 ?

text: External cardinal
Lists of the `` external '' cardinals -- Cardinals – diocesan bishops ( 11–13th century )
The list is arranged chronologically by the date of appointment of the bishop to the cardinalate or of the cardinal to the episcopate .
In the category of the members of the College of Cardinals in the central Middle Ages (11th to 13th century), an external cardinal (as opposed to a curial cardinal) was a Cardinal of the Holy Roman Church who did not reside in the Roman Curia, because of simultaneously being a bishop of the episcopal see other than suburbicarian, or abbot of an abbey situated outside Rome. In the wider sense, it may also concern cardinals who were appointed to the external episcopal sees and resigned their memberships in the College of Cardinals with this appointment. As well, it can concern cardinals who were generally curial cardinals, but for some time exercised the posts of administrators or prelates of the external churches. Today, the great majority of the cardinals are archbishops of the main metropolitan dioceses of the world and reside in their countries. Apart from the exclusive right of the election of the new pope, their dignity is purely honorific. However, originally the College of Cardinals was simply a college of the clergy of the City of Rome, constituted of the bishops of the seven dioceses (called suburbicarian sees) bordering the diocese of Rome (cardinal-bishops), priests of the parochial churches of Rome (cardinal-priests) and deacons heading the ecclesiastical regions of the city of Rome (cardinal-deacons). Unlike today, the cardinals had real jurisdiction over the dioceses, parochial churches (called tituli) or deaconries to which they were attached. The phenomenon of the external cardinalate in the late Middle Ages constituted the first exception to the rule, that cardinals - members of the clergy of the diocese of Rome - cannot serve simultaneously in another, external church, which is now common practice.
Name Cardinalate External episcopate Notes
Hugo Candidus , O.S.B.Clun Cardinal-priest of S. Crisogono 1049-1089 , cardinal-bishop of Palestrina 1089-1099 Bishop of Fermo in 1084 Excommunicated by Pope Gregory VII in 1078 , joined the obedience of Antipope Clement III in 1080 . In 1089 he was transferred to the suburbicarian see of Palestrina
Aicardo Cornazzano Cardinal-deacon in 1160 , cardinal-priest in 1164 Bishop of Parma 1162-1167 Pseudocardinal of Antipope Victor IV . He was also podesta of the city of Parma 1164-67 . In 1167 he was expelled from Parma by the adherents of Pope Alexander III
Konrad von Wittelsbach Cardinal-priest of S. Marcello 1165-1166 , cardinal-bishop of Sabina 1166-1200 Archbishop of Mainz 1161-1177 and 1183-1200 , archbishop of Salzburg 1177-1183 , administrator of Sora 1167-after 1170 He was expelled from his archdiocese in 1165 by the adherents of Antipope Paschalis III . Until 1177 he resided in papal curia or acted as papal legate . The first instance of the legitimate cardinal who was also diocesan bishop
Pietro da Pavia , Can.Reg Cardinal-priest of S. Crisogono 1173-1179 , cardinal-bishop of Tusculum 1179-1182 Bishop-elect of Meaux 1171-1175 , archbishop ( -elect ? ) of Bourges 1180-1182 Pope Alexander III forced him to resign the see of Meaux in 1175 . His election to the archbishopric of Bourges remains obscure ; he continued to subscribe the documents only as cardinal-bishop of Tusculum until his death , which indicates that he probably did not take possession of this see . As cardinal , he frequently acted as legate in France and in 1175 resided in Meaux for a short time
Guillaume aux Blanches Mains Cardinal-priest of S. Sabina 1179-1202 Archbishop of Reims 1176-1202
Ruggiero di San Severino , O.S.B Cardinal-priest of S. Eusebio 1178/80-1221 Archbishop of Benevento 1179-1221 It is not possible to establish whether he was created cardinal before , after or simultaneously with his appointment as archbishop
Uberto Crivelli Cardinal-priest of S. Lorenzo in Damaso 1182-1185 Bishop-elect of Vercelli 1183-85 , archbishop of Milan 1185-1187 De facto curial cardinal . He became Pope Urban III ( 1185-1187 ) and as such , he retained the see of Milan until his death
Adelardo Cattaneo Cardinal-priest of S. Marcello 1185-1188 , S.R.E . cardinalis 1188-1214 Bishop of Verona 1188-1214 First cardinal who after appointment as bishop renounced his titulus without renouncing of his cardinalate . In 1193 Pope Celestine III gave his former title of S. Marcello to cardinal Fidanzio
Giovanni Cardinal-priest of S. Clemente 1189-1199 , cardinal-bishop of Albano 1199-1210/11 Bishop of Toscanella 1188-1199 ( from 1192 of Viterbo e Toscanella ) De facto curial cardinal ; in 1199 he was transferred to the suburbicarian see of Albano
Ruffino Cardinal-priest of S. Prassede 1190-1191/92 Bishop of Rimini 1185-1191/92 De facto curial cardinal
Soffredo Cardinal-deacon of S. Maria in Via Lata 1182-1193 , cardinal-priest of S. Prassede 1193-1210 Patriarch-elect of Jerusalem in 1203 Pope Innocent III confirmed his election but shortly thereafter the cardinal ( legate in Outremer at that time ) resigned the see without being consecrated In 1201 he was elected also archbishop of Ravenna but this election was not ratified by the Holy See ( see below )
Guy Paré , O.Cist Cardinal-bishop of Palestrina 1200-1204 , S.R.E . cardinalis 1204-1206 Archbishop of Reims 1204-1206 He resigned his cardinalitial title without resigning the membership in the Sacred College . Shortly before his death Guido Papareschi was appointed new cardinal-bishop of Palestrina
Uberto Pirovano Cardinal-deacon of S. Angelo 1206-1207 , S.R.E . cardinalis 1207-1211 Archbishop of Milan 1206/7-1211 He resigned his cardinalitial deaconry without resigning the membership in the Sacred College
Stephen Langton Cardinal-priest of S. Crisogono 1206-1207 , S.R.E . cardinalis 1207-1228 Archbishop of Canterbury 1206/7-1228 He resigned his cardinalitial title without resigning the membership in the Sacred College . The last instance of the cardinal being simultaneously diocesan bishop before the Great Western Schism
Gerardo de Sessio , O.Cist Elected cardinal-bishop of Albano in 1211 Bishop-elect of Novara 1210-1211 , archbishop-elect of Milan 1211 He never received episcopal consecration ; during his brief cardinalate he acted as papal legate in Lombardy