Question: What is the academic discipline of the head of the United Nations ' International Labour Organization ?

text: United Nations
Structure -- Specialized agencies
Main article : List of specialized agencies of the United Nations The UN Charter stipulates that each primary organ of the United Nations can establish various specialized agencies to fulfil its duties . [ 113 ] Some best-known agencies are the International Atomic Energy Agency , the Food and Agriculture Organization , UNESCO ( United Nations Educational , Scientific and Cultural Organization ) , the World Bank , and the World Health Organization ( WHO ) . The UN performs most of its humanitarian work through these agencies . Examples include mass vaccination programmes ( through WHO ) , the avoidance of famine and malnutrition ( through the work of the WFP ) , and the protection of vulnerable and displaced people ( for example , by UNHCR ) . [ 114 ]
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization that aims to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a center for harmonizing the actions of nations. It is the largest, most familiar, most internationally represented and most powerful intergovernmental organization in the world. The UN is headquartered on international territory in New York City; other main offices are in Geneva, Nairobi, Vienna and The Hague. The UN was established after World War II with the aim of preventing future wars, succeeding the ineffective League of Nations. On 25 April 1945, 50 governments met in San Francisco for a conference and started drafting the UN Charter, which was adopted on 25 June 1945 and took effect on 24 October 1945, when the UN began operations. Pursuant to the Charter, the organization's objectives include maintaining international peace and security, protecting human rights, delivering humanitarian aid, promoting sustainable development, and upholding international law. At its founding, the UN had 51 member states; this number grew to 193 in 2011, representing the vast majority of the world's sovereign states. The organization's mission to preserve world peace was complicated in its early decades by the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union and their respective allies. Its missions have consisted primarily of unarmed military observers and lightly armed troops with primarily monitoring, reporting and confidence-building roles. UN membership grew significantly following widespread decolonization beginning in the 1960s. Since then, 80 former colonies have gained independence, including 11 trust territories that had been monitored by the Trusteeship Council. By the 1970s, the UN's budget for economic and social development programmes far outstripped its spending on peacekeeping.
No Acronym Agency Headquarters Head Established in
1 FAO Food and Agriculture Organization Rome , Italy José Graziano da Silva 1945
2 IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency Vienna , Austria Yukiya Amano 1957
3 ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization Montreal , Quebec , Canada Fang Liu 1947
4 IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development Rome , Italy Kanayo F. Nwanze 1977
5 ILO International Labour Organization Geneva , Switzerland Guy Ryder 1946 ( 1919 )
6 IMO International Maritime Organization London , United Kingdom Kitack Lim 1948
7 IMF International Monetary Fund Washington , D.C. , United States Christine Lagarde 1945 ( 1944 )
8 ITU International Telecommunication Union Geneva , Switzerland Houlin Zhao 1947 ( 1865 )
9 UNESCO United Nations Educational , Scientific and Cultural Organization Paris , France Audrey Azoulay 1946
10 UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization Vienna , Austria Li Yong 1967
11 UNWTO World Tourism Organization Madrid , Spain Taleb Rifai 1974
12 UPU Universal Postal Union Bern , Switzerland Bishar Abdirahman Hussein 1947 ( 1874 )
13 WBG World Bank Group Washington , D.C. , United States David Malpass ( President ) Kristalina Georgieva ( CEO ) 1945 ( 1944 )
14 WFP World Food Programme Rome , Italy David Beasley 1963
15 WHO World Health Organization Geneva , Switzerland Tedros Adhanom 1948
16 WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization Geneva , Switzerland Francis Gurry 1974
17 WMO World Meteorological Organization Geneva , Switzerland Petteri Taalas ( Secretary-General ) Michel Jarraud ( President ) 1950 ( 1873 )