Question: What is the date of the conservation area in Brighton and Hove that is the largest ?

text: List of conservation areas in Brighton and Hove
Conservation areas
In 1970 , nearly 50 acres ( 20 ha ) of Ovingdean—an ancient village east of Brighton—was designated a conservation area . [ 29 ] The houses of Kings Gardens , on Hove seafront , are in The Avenues conservation area . Regency Square is at the heart of the conservation area of the same name . Stanmer ( park and church pictured ) is a rural area on the edge of the city . Two-storey brick houses with decorative ironwork and gables characterise the Preston Park conservation area . Round Hill has mid-19th-century terraced houses . The expansive gabled houses of the Pembroke & Princes conservation area date from the late 1890s . The former Goldstone Villas Methodist Church , in the Hove Station conservation area , was converted into offices in the 1960s . This 19th-century drinking fountain is one of several distinctive structures in Queen 's Park . Topographical features can add to a conservation area 's character . Round Hill Crescent , seen from Hartington Road to the east , `` curves and changes height dramatically along its length '' . [ 30 ] The Preston Park conservation area is beyond . 1 Tilbury Place , built in about 1815 , is one of several `` fragments of early 19th-century Brighton '' in the substantially redeveloped Carlton Hill area . [ 31 ] Preston Manor , rebuilt from its 13th-century origins in 1738 , is at the heart of the Preston Village conservation area . East Cliff has many 19th-century squares and terraces , such as Eastern Terrace . Clifton Terrace is part of the Montpelier & Clifton Hill conservation area . Valley Gardens has buildings of various ages , sizes and uses , including the `` elegant '' Neo-Georgian Allied Irish Bank at 20–22 Marlborough Place , Brighton . [ 32 ]
As of 2020, there are 34 conservation areas in the city of Brighton and Hove, a seaside resort on the English Channel coast in southeast England. The definition of a conservation area is a principally urban area of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance. Such areas are identified according to criteria defined by Sections 69 and 70 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. Brighton and Hove City Council is responsible for creating conservation areas within the city, and expands upon the statutory definition by stating that each area has high townscape quality [and] its own distinctive character [. which] creates a sense of place. The city has existed in its present form only since 2000, when Queen Elizabeth II granted city status to the unitary authority of Brighton and Hove, which was in turn created in 1997 by the amalgamation of Brighton and Hove Borough Councils. Before 1997, the two councils were separately responsible for creating and administering conservation areas. Hove Borough Council designated the first two, in 1969: Charles Busby's expansive self-contained Brunswick Town estate, with a twin-terrace centrepiece as grand as anything in St Petersburg, and the rapidly developed mid-19th-century suburb of Cliftonville, characterised by Italianate villas and large Tudorbethan houses. The following year, Brighton Borough Council set up conservation areas to preserve and improve the historic centres of five ancient downland villages - Ovingdean, Patcham, Preston, Rottingdean and Stanmer - which became part of the urban area in 1928 and 1952 because of boundary changes. Brighton's own architectural set-piece, Thomas Read Kemp's striking, [.] graceful and imposing Kemp Town estate of the mid-1820s, by Busby and Amon Wilds, was designated at the same time. Many more parts of the urban area have been included in conservation areas in subsequent years, either through the creation of new areas or by means of extensions to existing areas.
Name Size Date Notes
Benfield Barn , Hangleton 1.43 acres ( 0.58 ha ) 1989 The city 's smallest conservation area includes a Grade II-listed barn - part of an ancient farm next to the former Benfield Manor house - and the four terraced cottages which replaced it . The red-brick and flint barn may be late-18th-century , and the houses were built in 1871 for farm workers . They are of yellow stock brick with slate-tiled roofs
Brunswick Town , Hove 95.92 acres ( 38.82 ha ) 1969 Local architecture evolved into serious Neoclassical at this carefully planned and landscaped set-piece in the mid-1820s . Columns of various orders , pilasters and bow fronts characterise the square and its flanking terraces , all of which enjoy sea views and access to extensive lawns . Smaller squares and streets , such as Adelaide Crescent , Lansdowne Place and Palmeira Square , surround the centrepiece , and are slightly more modest in scope . Stuccoed façades , slate roofs , consistent building heights and long parapets contribute to the impression of regularity and formality
Carlton Hill 4.05 acres ( 1.64 ha ) 2008 This early-19th-century working-class area was comprehensively redeveloped in the mid-20th century after degenerating into a slum , but a few old buildings remain : Tilbury Place is a good example of Georgian architecture , George Cheesman junior 's severely Classical church dates from 1839 , and the cobble-fronted Mighell Farmhouse survived when adjacent buildings were demolished for Amex House , a large office block . The area 's character derives from these buildings , its site on a steep hill with long views , and the survival of fragments of old street layouts and boundary walls in places
Cliftonville , Hove 40.05 acres ( 16.21 ha ) 1969 A small area of delightful mid- Victorian houses , in a villa style with angled bay windows and exterior ironwork , this 1850s suburb is an example of the long-lasting influence of the Regency style on Victorian domestic architecture . The increasingly fashionable Italianate style is also evident . Slight differences can be seen between individual houses : plots were sold speculatively , so most houses were built to individuals ' requirements . Sash windows with valances are characteristic features
College 18.60 acres ( 7.53 ha ) 1988 Many architects associated with Brighton have made complementary additions to George Gilbert Scott 's original buildings for Brighton College , founded in 1848 : T.G . Jackson , F.T . Cawthorn and Clayton & Black , amongst others . Pevsner found the ensemble joyless , but they are important as Brighton 's largest set of Gothic Revival buildings ( a style rarely found among secular buildings in the city ) . Flint and brick predominate , and there is much use of terracotta
Denmark Villas , Hove 7.42 acres ( 3.00 ha ) 1984 This road was a northern extension of Cliftonville , built on the way to Hove railway station ( opened in 1865 ) . The area has well-spaced Italianate houses in a more modestly detailed style than the rest of Cliftonville , with prominent architraves , quoins and eaves , yellow brickwork and mosaic tiled paths . The road is lined with mature trees , contributing to its character
East Cliff 153.99 acres ( 62.32 ha ) 1973 Hundreds of listed buildings , a strong and little changed street pattern and the prevalence of Regency architecture characterise the East Cliff , which developed from the late 18th century because of its proximity to the fashionable Old Steine . Many landowners held small plots , so cohesive large-scale developments were not possible ; instead , streets tended to follow a north-south alignment defined by old field boundaries . The houses and hotels of Marine Parade , the east-west clifftop road ( built from 1827 on the site of a trackway ) , present a long stuccoed façade which has been described as unsurpassed anywhere in Britain
Engineerium , West Blatchington 8.89 acres ( 3.60 ha ) 1982 Built in 1866 as the Goldstone Pumping Station to provide more piped water for Brighton and Hove 's rapidly growing population , this became a museum in 1976 . Considered to be excellent examples of 19th-century industrial design , the brick buildings are intricately detailed with Classical motifs and multicoloured brickwork . The tall chimney is a significant landmark
Hangleton 15.54 acres ( 6.29 ha ) 1984 Hangleton became a postwar overspill estate , with what Pevsner called a grisly set of parodies of the English cottage , but at the centre a set of ancient buildings remain around a park . St Helen 's Church has changed little since the 11th century , and Hangleton Manor is Hove 's oldest secular building . Now used as a restaurant , it retains its old dovecote and associated cottages
Hove Station 14.56 acres ( 5.89 ha ) 1996 Built as Cliftonville in 1865 , Hove railway station soon stimulated middle-class residential development . Goldstone Villas , a wide tree-lined avenue with terraced houses in various styles , was developed in the 1880s and 1890s . Brick in pale colours such as yellow , buff and brown predominates ; slate roofs are also common , and many windows are canted bays . Some large-scale late-20th-century developments have affected the area . The Ralli Memorial Hall , a red brick and stone Renaissance-style building of 1913 , and a Neoclassical former chapel of 1878 ( now an office ) provide variety
Kemp Town 47.94 acres ( 19.40 ha ) 1970 The estate has two sea-facing terraces ( Arundel and Chichester Terrace ) linked to a three-sided square ( Sussex Square ) by Lewes Crescent , an 840-foot ( 260 m ) double curve of 28 stuccoed houses with large Corinthian pilasters at regular intervals . Charles Busby 's original designs were followed most closely in the crescent ; the 300-by-550-foot ( 91 m × 168 m ) square took longer to complete and diverges from his plan . Chichester Terrace was finished only in 1855 . Thomas Cubitt built 37 of the estate 's 106 houses . Surrounding mews and backstreets , the private gardens at the centre , original street furniture and the seafront esplanade ( by Henry Kendall ) are included in the conservation area
Montpelier & Clifton Hill 75.40 acres ( 30.51 ha ) 1973 Clifton Hill rises gently to a summit between the old town centre and West Hill . Built up from the 1820s to the 1860s , the southwest-facing slopes became Brighton 's most desirable suburb . Regency and Italianate architecture dominate the area , and many buildings are stuccoed . St Nicholas ' Church , Brighton 's ancient parish church , is in the area , and is one of hundreds of listed buildings . Other listed churches include St Michael and All Angels , whose interior is considered the best in England , and St Mary Magdalen , but the Gothic Christ Church burnt down in the 1970s and was replaced by International/Modern-style flats
North Laine 41.37 acres ( 16.74 ha ) 1977 Based around the east end of Church Street , the oldest road , this tightly packed residential and commercial area was developed in the late 18th and early 19th centuries , helped by Brighton railway station 's proximity . A laine was an open field which was divided into strips ( furlongs and paul-pieces ) separated by pathways ; pre-modern Brighton was surrounded by five , including North Laine . The boundaries defined the pattern of development : main roads ( such as Church Street ) follow the old paths , while side streets run at right-angles along the furlongs and paul-pieces . Total redevelopment was proposed in the 1960s , but the area survived ; its attractive townscape has a distinctive ambience which makes it the heart and soul of Brighton
Old Hove 34.44 acres ( 13.94 ha ) 1997 Hove Street - the ancient village street , whose manor house was demolished in the 1930s - and its surroundings make up this conservation area . Most housing is of the late 19th century : large , mostly semi-detached or terraced and built of red brick . St Andrew 's , the former parish church ( rebuilt in a Neo-Norman / Romanesque style by George Basevi in 1834 ) and Hove Public Library are both listed buildings . The former Connaught Road School , of brown and red brick with Dutch gables and terracotta dressings , adds further interest
Old Town 46.77 acres ( 18.93 ha ) 1973 The narrow , winding twittens known as The Lanes were built up in the 16th and 17th centuries as Brighton 's fishing industry thrived . Most surviving buildings come from a second period of growth in the 18th and 19th centuries , as small houses were built for newly arrived workers . Many have been converted into small independent shops . Several old pubs , Thomas Lainson 's Byzantine Revival Middle Street Synagogue ( 1875 ) and the Quaker meeting house ( 1805 ) are also in the area
Ovingdean 48.58 acres ( 19.66 ha ) 1970 Events in Harrison Ainsworth 's novel Ovingdean Grange are fictional , but the building ( formerly the manor house ) exists in the centre of this downland village , inland from Rottingdean and 2.5 miles ( 4 km ) east of Brighton . St Wulfran 's Church , whose churchyard contains a memorial to the family of William Willett , is 12th-century . The adjacent rectory , Ovingdean Hall ( a school until 2010 ) and many flint cottages , mostly of the 18th century , surround the village green and main street
Patcham 20.78 acres ( 8.41 ha ) 1970 This ancient downland village was extensively suburbanised in the interwar period , but the core of the village - around All Saints Church - remains intact . One of Sussex 's largest villages ( and parishes ) in the 11th century , the population declined by the 19th century ; the conservation area 's boundary match those of the village as it was from the 1870s until expansion began ( as a result of its inclusion within the Borough of Brighton in 1928 ) . Well-wooded parkland , especially around the Grade II*-listed Patcham Place , and access to the South Downs ( affected by construction of the Brighton Bypass in the 1990s ) contribute to the area 's character . Many buildings are of flint or cobblestone ; some have glazed black mathematical tiles
Pembroke & Princes , Hove 54.74 acres ( 22.15 ha ) 1989 Most of this area consists of large late Victorian and early Edwardian houses built during Hove 's westward expansion . There is also some later housing , mainly of the 1920s and 1930s . Large front gardens , wide curved tree-lined streets , tile-hung façades , painted exterior timbers and hipped roofs with gable ends characterise the area . Non-residential buildings of interest include the Italianate Brooker Hall , now a museum , and Barford Court - an unusual Neo-Georgian/ Art Deco nursing home built of handmade purple bricks
Portslade Old Village 34.21 acres ( 13.84 ha ) 1974 Portslade sits in a valley west of Hove and has pre-medieval origins ; the old village clusters around St Nicolas ' Church and the ruined manor house . Pevsner thought that the combination of small flint-walled cottages and a huge Classical / Italianate brewery building of 1881 made it a bizarre landscape . Extensive parkland , nearby woodland , extensive flint walling and some large 19th-century detached houses contribute to the area 's character . Many buildings are listed
Preston Park 214.47 acres ( 86.79 ha ) 1970 This area consists of the extensive late-19th-century residential areas north and east of Preston Park : the park itself is part of the neighbouring Preston Village conservation area . Developed in a controlled , architecturally harmonious manner between 1865 and 1885 , the long , straight streets of brick villas have features such as timbered gables , decorated bargeboards , canted bay windows and walls combining red brickwork and stucco . Two churches , including the Grade II-listed St Augustine 's , contribute to the character of the area