Question: What is the nationality of the Nobel Laureate who won the award in the earliest year ?

text: List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of Pennsylvania
Laureates

The Nobel Prizes are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Karolinska Institute, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. They were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. Another prize, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for contributors to the field of economics. Each prize is awarded by a separate committee; the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, and Economics, the Karolinska Institute awards the Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee awards the Prize in Peace. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a cash prize that has varied throughout the years. In 1901, the winners of the first Nobel Prizes were given 150,782 SEK, which is equal to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2007. In 2008, the winners were awarded a prize amount of 10,000,000 SEK. The awards are presented in Stockholm in an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death. As of 2015, there have been 28 laureates affiliated with the University of Pennsylvania, 6 alone in the last 10 years. The University of Pennsylvania considers laureates who attended the university as undergraduate students, graduate students or were members of the faculty as affiliated laureates. Otto Fritz Meyerhof, a research professor in physiological chemistry, was the first University of Pennsylvania laureate, winning the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1922. Two Nobel Prizes were shared by University of Pennsylvania laureates; Ragnar Granit and Haldan Keffer Hartline won the 1967 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, and Alan J. Heeger, Alan MacDiarmid and Hideki Shirakawa won the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Year Laureate Relation Category Rationale
1922 Otto Fritz Meyerhof Research Professor in Physiological Chemistry , 1940-1951 Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the fixed relationship between the consumption of oxygen and the metabolism of lactic acid in the muscle
1938 Richard Kuhn Visiting Research Professor for Physiological chemistry Physiology or Medicine for his work on carotenoids and vitamins
1955 Vincent du Vigneaud Assistant in Biochemistry , Graduate School of Medicine , 1924-1925 Chemistry for his work on sulphur compounds , especially the first synthesis of a polypeptide hormone
1961 Robert Hofstadter Research Fellow , 1939-1940 ; Physics Instructor , 1940-1941 Physics for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons
1964 Martin Luther King , Jr Graduate Student , 1950-51 Nobel Peace Prize for being the first person in the Western world to have shown us that a struggle can be waged without violence
1967 Ragnar Granit Research Fellow , 1929-1931 ; Sc.D . , 1971 Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye
1967 Haldan Keffer Hartline Research Fellow in Biophysics , 1931-1936 ; Assistant Professor , 1936-1942 ; Associate Professor , 1943-1948 ; Professor , 1948-1949 ; Sc.D. , 1971 Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye
1971 Simon Kuznets Assistant Professor of Economic Statistics , 1930-1934 ; Associate Professor , 1934-1935 ; Professor , 1936-1954 ; Sc.D. , 1956 ; LL.D . , 1976 Economics for his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social structure and process of development
1972 Christian B. Anfinsen M.S . , 1939 ; Sc.D. , 1973 Chemistry for his work on ribonuclease , especially concerning the connection between the amino acid sequence and the biologically active conformation
1972 Gerald Edelman M.D . , 1954 ; Sc.D. , 1973 Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of antibodies
1972 John Robert Schrieffer Professor of Physics , 1962-1980 ; Sc.D. , 1973 Physics for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity , usually called the BCS-theory
1976 Baruch Samuel Blumberg Professor of Medicine , 1964- ; Sc.D. , 1990 Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries concerning new mechanisms for the origin and dissemination of infectious diseases
1980 Lawrence Klein Professor of Economics , 1958-1991 Economics for the creation of econometric models and the application to the analysis of economic fluctuations and economic policies
1985 Michael Stuart Brown A.B . , 1962 ; M.D. , 1966 ; Sc.D . 1986 Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries concerning the regulation of cholesterol metabolism
1997 Stanley B. Prusiner A.B. , 1964 ; M.D. , 1968 Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of Prions - a new biological principle of infection
1999 Ahmed Zewail Ph.D. , 1974 ; Sc.D . 1997 Chemistry for his studies of the transition states of chemical reactions using femtosecond spectroscopy
2000 Alan J. Heeger Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter , 1962-1982 Chemistry for their discovery and development of conductive polymers
2000 Alan MacDiarmid Department of Chemistry , 1955- ; Blanchard Professor of Chemistry , 1988- Chemistry for their discovery and development of conductive polymers
2000 Hideki Shirakawa Department of Chemistry , Post-Doctoral Researcher , 1976 Chemistry for their discovery and development of conductive polymers
2002 Raymond Davis , Jr Professor , 1985-2006 Physics for pioneering contributions to astrophysics , in particular for the detection of cosmic neutrinos