Question: What year did the inmate who was a prisoner with a whole-life order Imposed by Home Secretaries die who was born March 16 , 1954 ?

text: List of prisoners with whole-life orders
Imposed by Home Secretaries

This is a list of prisoners who have received a whole-life order through some mechanism in jurisdictions of the United Kingdom. It has been reportedly issued in approximately 100 cases since its introduction in 1983, although some of these prisoners have since died in custody, or had their sentences reduced on appeal. There are now[when?] believed to be at least 75 prisoners currently serving whole life sentences in England and Wales. These include some of Britain's most notorious criminals, including the Yorkshire Ripper Peter Sutcliffe. A number of these prisoners, including Moors murderers Ian Brady and Myra Hindley, have died in prison since being sentenced. There are also some prisoners, including police killer David Bieber, whose sentences have been reduced on appeal. Some of Britain's most notorious murderers are not among those serving whole-life sentences. These include convicted child killers Roy Whiting and Ian Huntley. Both murderers have been issued 40-year minimum terms by the High Court, which means that they are likely to remain imprisoned for most if not all of their remaining lives, while many other prisoners are in a similar position due to the length of their minimum terms and the age they will be when they can be considered for parole. Several prisoners serving whole life sentences have challenged the legality of whole life sentences in the High Court or European Court of Human Rights. These include Jeremy Bamber and Gary Vinter, whose second legal challenge to the European Court of Human Rights was successful, although the High Court later ruled that whole life sentences could still be issued as long as they were reviewed within 25 years of being issued.
Name Year Died Notes
John Straffen 1952 2007 Britain 's longest serving prisoner , who spent 55 years in prison until his death . Straffen was convicted of murdering two pre-teen girls in July 1951 . The following year , he escaped for a four-hour period and was convicted of murdering another girl during this short spell at large , although he long proclaimed his innocence . Straffen was reprieved from a death sentence owing to learning difficulties , and instead remained in prison for the rest of his life . He died , aged 77 , at Frankland prison in November 2007 . For the final five years of his life , he was the oldest prisoner known to be serving a whole life-tariff , following the death of Archibald Hall
Ian Brady 1966 2017 One of the Moors Murderers who was convicted , in May 1966 , of murdering three children between 1963 and 1965 . He was convicted just six months after the abolition of the death penalty , and less than two years after final executions in Britain . His trial judge said it was unlikely that Brady could ever be rehabilitated and suitable for parole , although that the same was not necessarily true of Hindley once removed from Brady 's influence . With accomplice Myra Hindley , he buried the children in shallow graves on Saddleworth Moor . From 1985 until his death he was held in a mental hospital and was on long-term hunger strike , which led to him being force-fed through a tube . In 2001 , he published a book on serial killing . The body of one of his victims , 12-year-old Keith Bennett , remains undiscovered on the Moor , despite Brady 's and Hindley 's own heavily guarded efforts to locate the remains themselves after they admitted two further murders in 1986 ; they did , however , guide police to the buried body of 16-year-old Pauline Reade in 1987 . In 2006 , Brady wrote to Keith Bennett 's mother to claim he remembered enough to be taken to within 20 yards of the grave , but was not permitted to do so . Brady died , aged 79 , at Ashworth Hospital in May 2017
Myra Hindley 1966 2002 The other of the Moors Murderers , Ian Brady 's girlfriend and accomplice who was involved in all five murders with Brady . She was convicted of two of three murders which were detected in 1965 , and of being an accessory in the third murder , as she was not present when Brady committed the murder . The convictions of Brady and Hindley came just six months after the abolition of the death penalty , and less than two years after the last execution in Britain - although more than 10 years had passed since the last execution of a woman in Britain . In 1986 , she and Brady confessed to two more murders and returned to the moors to help police find the body of one of the victims , although the final body has still not been found . Hindley 's trial judge recommended she should serve at least 25 years in prison , feeling that unlike Brady there was a possibility that Hindley could be rehabilitated and suitable for parole - once removed from Brady 's influence . The 25-year minimum term was endorsed in 1982 by the Lord Chief Justice . By this stage , reports suggested that Hindley was rehabilitating in prison and had found religion and rejected Brady and her past , but her tariff was increased to 30 years in 1985 and , finally , to a whole-life tariff in 1990 , although she was not informed of the whole-life tariff until December 1994 . In 1986 , she and Brady both confessed to two additional murders and helped the police locate one of the bodies the following year . Hindley 's supporters , including penal reformer Lord Longford , journalist David Astor and prison governor Peter Timms , claimed that the increase in Hindley 's sentence was the response of a succession of Home Secretaries to public opinion , as there was widespread media and public opposition to Hindley ever being released , and similarly widespread doubt as to whether her reported remorse and rehabilitation was genuine - the fact that she had not admitted the two additional murders until 20 years into her sentence further strengthened the argument of those who felt that her remorse was nothing more than an attempt to boost her chances of parole . Relatives of the Moors Murders victims were at the centre of a campaign to keep Hindley imprisoned and several of them vowed to kill her if she was ever paroled . Hindley subsequently made three appeals against the whole life tariff , but each appeal was unsuccessful , and she died in jail at the age of 60 in November 2002 , less than two weeks before a long-anticipated law lords ' ruling which could potentially have secured her freedom . The question as to whether Hindley should ever be released prompted more debate than that of any other prisoner of notoriety , with some high-profile backing from the House of Lords , but vitriol from the press and the public , as well as the families of her victims . Lord Longford , who died just over a year before Hindley , regularly condemned the media for their exploitation of Ann West , mother of victim Lesley Ann Downey , who gave regular newspaper and television interviews to argue against any suggestion of Hindley ever being released from prison , and vowed to kill Hindley if she ever was released . Her death left only Rosemary West ( jailed for life for 10 murders in 1995 ) as a confirmed female prisoner serving a whole-life tariff , until the addition of Joanne Dennehy , in 2014
Donald Neilson 1976 2011 The Black Panther , nicknamed for wearing a black balaclava , shot dead three postmasters during robberies in various areas of the country , then abducted a 17-year-old heiress from her Shropshire home . He attempted to ransom the heiress , but her body was found two months later in a drain in Staffordshire . He was convicted in July 1976 after being caught when two police officers he took hostage overpowered him in December 1975 . In 2008 , Neilson lost an appeal to have his tariff reduced to 30 years . He remained in prison until his death three years later at the age of 75 , having served 35 years
Trevor Hardy 1976 2012 Trevor Joseph Hardy murdered three teenage girls between December 1974 and March 1976 . Janet Lesley Stewart , 15 , was murdered on New Year 's Eve 1974 and buried in a shallow grave in Newton Heath , North Manchester . She had been stabbed . Wanda Skala , 17 , was murdered in July 1975 on Lightbowne Road , Moston . She was hit over the head with a paving stone and sexually assaulted . Sharon Mosoph , 17 , was murdered in March 1976 , and dumped in the Rochdale Canal at Failsworth , Oldham . She had been strangled and mutilated after walking by when Hardy was attempting to burgle a shopping centre at night . He was suspected of committing other murders . At the height of the hunt for the serial killer , 23,000 people were stopped and searched . The case is not widely known and only one independent publication exists which covers the case . Trevor Hardy was arrested for the murders of Wanda Skala and Sharon Mosoph during 1976 . In August 1976 he confessed to both murders and also to that of Janet Lesley Stewart - who until then had been a missing person . Despite the alibis provided by his girlfriend Sheilagh Farrow , Hardy was found guilty of the murders and sentenced to life imprisonment in May 1978 . He remained in prison until his death 36 years later , by which time he was one of the longest serving prisoners in Britain
Robert Maudsley 1977  Robert John Maudsley ( born June 1953 ) killed four people . He committed three of these murders in prison after receiving a life sentence for a single murder in the mid 1970s . He was alleged to have eaten part of the brain of one of three men he killed in prison , which earned him the nickname Hannibal the Cannibal among the British press . He committed his first murder by strangling labourer John Farrell after he allegedly showed him pictures of children he abused and was declared not fit to stand trial and sent to Broadmoor in 1973 . In 1977 he and David Chessman took fellow patient David Francis hostage and tortured him to death and as a result was convicted of manslaughter and sent to Wakefield prison . At Wakefield in July 1978 he killed two fellow prisoners , luring Salney Darwood into his cell and slitting his throat and then smashing Bill Roberts head against a wall at a later time , this time being convicted of double murder at his trial in 1979 . He has served much of his sentence in solitary confinement to prevent him from attacking or killing any more inmates , some of it at Parkhurst prison , but mostly at Wakefield prison in a cell said to resemble Hannibal Lecter 's in the film The Silence of the Lambs with cardboard furniture . He became Britain 's longest-serving prisoner after the death of Ian Brady in May 2017
Archibald Hall 1978 2002 The Killer Butler or Monster Butler , so named as he committed his murders while working in service to members of the British aristocracy as a butler . Hall , also known as Roy Fontaine , was a Glaswegian thief and confidence trickster with numerous convictions and prison sentences by the time he committed his first murder , of an ex-cellmate , whom he shot and buried after an argument over some jewellery stolen from Hall 's employer . Hall moved to London and began serving an elderly ex-MP and his wife , and with accomplice Michael Kitto , he killed and buried them both after late-night plans to rob them were disturbed . They then killed a female acquaintance and dumped her body in a barn after she refused to destroy a fur coat which was potentially incriminating evidence , and lastly Hall murdered his half-brother , a convicted child molester who was asking too many questions , before beginning a journey to Scotland with the intention of again burying the body . Having stopped at a hotel for the night when the weather became too hazardous for driving , Hall and Kitto were caught when the hotelier , concerned that the two suspicious-looking guests might not pay their bill , called the police . They found the body in Hall 's car boot , and Hall later showed them the three gruesome burial sites . After trials in London and Edinburgh , Hall received four life sentences and Kitto three at their trial in May 1978 , with one judge recommending that Hall should never be freed . This recommendation was upheld when the list of confirmed whole-life tariff prisoners was published , and Hall was the oldest prisoner on the list . He publicly requested the right to die in 1995 , and did so of a stroke in 2002 , while still in prison . At 78 , he was one of the oldest prisoners in Britain . Three years earlier , he had published his autobiography
John Childs 1979  John Childs was convicted of the murder of six people in contract killings which were committed between 1974 and 1978 ; he implicated two others and they were convicted in 1980 , but they were released on appeal in 2003 after his evidence was called into question . He murdered Terence Eve in 1974 , Robert Brown in 1975 , George Brett and his 10-year-old son Terry Brett later on in 1975 , Fred Sherwood in 1978 and Ronald Andrews later on in 1978 and was jailed in December 1979 , with the murders being committed by shooting and stabbing . He confessed to a journalist in 1998 of five more murders while in prison , he appealed against his conviction in 2014 and his whole life sentence in 2016 but was rejected each time on account of his crimes being exceptionally serious
Dennis Nilsen 1983 2018 A civil servant and Army Veteran who murdered and dismembered 15 young men at his homes in North London , storing the body parts inside and around the residences . Nilsen was arrested after workmen investigating a blocked and odorous drain found human flesh . Nilsen 's trial judge originally recommended a 25-year minimum sentence in November 1983 , but successive Home Secretaries decided that he should never be released from prison . The November 2002 law lords ' ruling meant that Nilsen could have been released from prison as early as 2008 ; however , this did not transpire and he remained imprisoned until his death . Nilsen was also denied the right to publish his autobiography in addition to music and poetry from prison
Arthur Hutchinson 1984 - A fugitive who in 1983 gatecrashed a wedding reception at a house in Sheffield shortly after the bride and groom had left and stabbed to death the bride 's father , mother and brother , before raping her sister at knifepoint . Police quickly labelled him as the killer after identifying a handprint on a champagne bottle and a bitemark in a piece of cheese . He was already on the run from answering a charge of violent rape and had previous convictions for offences of violence , indecent assault and dishonesty . He was convicted in 1984 and sentenced to life imprisonment with a recommended minimum term of 18 years in September 1984 . However , he remains in prison more than 30 years on , having been issued with a whole-life tariff by the Home Secretary , Leon Brittan . Hutchinson has since appealed against this ruling twice through the High Court , but the court upheld the decision of the Home Secretary on both occasions , meaning he is likely to die in prison . Appeals to the European Court of Human Rights in February 2015 and January 2017 were also unsuccessful , with the court 's Grand Chamber ruling that whole life sentences could still be issued provided they were reviewed within 25 years
Kiernan Kelly 1984 2001 ? Irish vagrant from either Rathdowney or Dublin , was convicted of killing two people , his cellmate William Boyd and a vagrant called Hector Fisher , also confessed to killing 16 more people by pushing them to their deaths , which has led to skepticism . Very little media information is available about the crimes or the man himself , such as his birthplace , birthdate or even if he died in prison or is still alive , although it has been claimed that he died in prison in 2001
Jeremy Bamber 1986 - In October 1986 , he was found guilty of shooting dead his adoptive parents , sister and six-year-old twin nephews at the family farmhouse in Essex 14 months earlier , in order to claim a six-figure inheritance while also laying evidence to suggest his sister , a known schizophrenic , had committed the murders before killing herself . This was the police 's original line of inquiry and the media reported the deaths as a murder-suicide , but within weeks of the murders being committed the line of the police investigation had changed and Bamber was charged with five murders . His trial judge said in sentencing him that he found the idea of ever seeing Bamber free again difficult to foresee , and advised that he should serve at least 25 years behind bars before release could even be considered . Before the law lords ' ruling in November 2002 , Bamber was told by at least one Home Secretary that his life sentence would mean life . He has continued to protest his innocence but all appeals against his convictions have so far been unsuccessful
Victor Miller 1988 - A predator who abducted , sexually assaulted and battered to death a 14-year-old boy from Hagley in Worcestershire in February 1988 . He confessed after being arrested for an unrelated crime soon afterwards and led detectives to the body . Police later revealed they believed Miller was responsible for almost 30 unsolved sexual assaults . In court later that year , he confessed openly to the killing and asked for the maximum sentence available . The trial judge who sentenced Miller in November 1988 recommended that Miller should serve at least 25 years in prison and could have been considered for parole in 2013. but Miller has since asked that the appropriate authorities not consider him for release at any point in the future , and therefore wishes to die in prison . Miller 's trial judge had also expressed doubt as to whether it would ever be safe to release him
John Duffy 1988 - The Railway Killer , who attacked numerous women in the south of England , raping all of them and murdering three , before revolutionary psychological profiling helped police to catch him , although they got no nearer the accomplice they knew Duffy worked with . He initially sentenced to life with a recommended 30-year minimum sentence for two murders and seven rapes which could have seen him paroled in 2018 . However , at some stage afterwards , at least one home Secretary ruled that Duffy 's life sentence should mean life . After 12 years in prison , Duffy went on a conscience-clearing exercise , admitting to a third killing of which he had been originally acquitted , and implicating schoolfriend David Mulcahy as his accomplice . He also revealed his part in countless other rapes , for which he received a further 12 years . After Duffy gave evidence against him , Mulcahy was jailed for life for three murders and seven rapes in 2001 but is not believed to be among the prisoners who have been issued with a whole life tariff
Anthony Arkwright 1989 - Arkwright was arrested after he hacked and battered to death three people , including his elderly grandfather , a two-day killing spree in South Yorkshire during August 1988 when aged 21 , which means he is likely to be the youngest offender to have been issued with a whole life tariff by any of the appropriate authorities . He was convicted of all three murders and sentenced to life imprisonment the following year . He was also suspected of a fourth murder committed around the same time but never charged
Mark Robinson 1989 - Mark Robinson killed Patricia Anne Wagner at the age of 17 after she threatened to tell his mother about the affair the two were having , to which Robinson responded by strangling her . When he was released in 1989 , he met Sharon Morley in Wakefield , with the two moving to Billingham shortly after , however Sharon wanted to move back to Wakefield which caused arguments . On 19 September 1989 he discovered a photo of her former boyfriend and in the argument that followed , he beat and stabbed her to death . He was sentenced to life imprisonment at his trial and was later issued with a whole-life tariff
Victor Castigador 1990 2017 A Filipino illegal immigrant who led a gang of robbers on a grudge attack at a London amusement arcade where he himself worked . Four members of staff were tied up , locked in a cage within the vault before being doused in white spirit and set alight . Two died , two suffered serious burns . Castigador received an initial 25-year tariff from his trial judge which was duly extended to a whole life tariff , but the November 2002 law lords ' ruling means that he could have been released from prison as early as 2015 ( by which time he would have been 61 years old ) if the parole board decided he was no longer a danger to the public , however Castigador was charged with murder on 20 June 2016 after murdering a fellow inmate . He admitted the murder and was sentenced to another whole-life tariff in October . He died in Woodhill prison in March 2017 . One of his teenage accomplices was sentenced to life with a recommended minimum of 20 years ; a subsequent appeal against this recommendation at the High Court was rejected
Malcolm Green 1991 - Malcolm Green was jailed for life in 1971 for the brutal murder of a Cardiff prostitute . He spent 18 years in prison before being released on parole in 1989 . Soon afterwards , he bludgeoned to death a young tourist from New Zealand . Green dismembered the body , wrapped it in plastic bags , and dumped it in different places along a road in South Wales . He was sentenced to life again in October 1991 , with a recommendation that he should serve a minimum of 25 years , but was given a whole-life tariff by the Home Secretary
Colin Ireland 1993 2012 The Gay Slayer , who set about achieving a New Year 's resolution to become a serial killer by targeting patrons of a public house frequented by gay men . Ireland pretended to be homosexual in order to be taken to each of his victims ' homes , where he took advantage of their desire for S & M activity to truss , torture and murder them , often then robbing them to cover his travelling expenses as he was unemployed . He was able to continue as police found initial difficulty in linking the killings to one perpetrator . Ireland was caught when he visited police to try and explain his sighting on closed-circuit television with his final victim , however his fingerprint was subsequently matched to one found at the man 's flat . He confessed to the other murders while in custody and pleaded guilty to all charges in court . His original recommended tariff was never publicised . Ireland remained in prison for nearly 20 years until his death on 21 February 2012 at the age of 57
Colin Hatch 1994 2011 A paedophile who was convicted of sexual assault on boys in 1991 and 1992 but jailed for only three years after it was decided he was not dangerous enough to be held involuntarily in a Secure Hospital , against the advice of the psychiatrist . He was paroled early and committed the sexually motivated murder of seven-year-old Sean Williams in summer 1993 , for which he received a whole-life tariff ; Judge Lowry said it was not possible to envisage a time when Hatch could be released safely , so life should mean life . He remained imprisoned until his death in February 2011 ; he was found dead in his cell and it was reported that he had been murdered by another prisoner . His killer was convicted robber Damien Fowkes , who also wounded another child killer , Ian Huntley - whose crime was far more widely reported , but who did not receive a whole life sentence