Question: What nationality was the winner of the 1945 award of the Victoria Cross ?

text: List of medical recipients of the Victoria Cross
Medical recipients

The Victoria Cross (VC) is a military decoration that may be bestowed upon members of the British or Commonwealth armed forces for acts of valour or gallantry performed in the face of the enemy. Within the British honours system and those of many Commonwealth nations it is the highest award a soldier can receive for actions in combat. It was established in 1856 and since then has been awarded 1,356 times, including three service personnel who were awarded the VC twice. The VC was introduced on 29 January 1856 by Queen Victoria to reward acts of valour during the Crimean War. The traditional explanation of the source of the gunmetal from which the medals are struck is that it derives from Russian cannon captured at the siege of Sevastopol. Recent research has thrown doubt on this story, suggesting a variety of origins. The original Royal Warrant did not contain a specific clause regarding posthumous awards, although official policy was to not award the VC posthumously. Between 1897 and 1901, several notices were issued in the London Gazette regarding soldiers who would have been awarded the VC had they survived. In a partial reversal of policy in 1902, six of the soldiers mentioned were granted the VC, but not officially awarded the medal. In 1907, the posthumous policy was completely reversed and medals were sent to the next of kin of the six officers and men. The Victoria Cross warrant was not officially amended to explicitly allow posthumous awards until 1920 but one quarter of all awards for the First World War were posthumous. Due to its rarity, the VC is highly prized and the medal has fetched over £400,000 at auction.
Name Regiment/Corps Date Conflict Location
Harold Ackroyd Royal Berkshire Regiment 31 July-1 August 1917 First World War Passchendaele
William Allen Royal Artillery 3 September 1916 First World War Near Mesnil
Henry Andrews Indian Medical Services 22 October 1919 Waziristan campaign Khajuri Post
William Babtie Royal Army Medical Corps 10 December 1899 Second Boer War Colenso
William Bradshaw 90th Foot 26 September 1857 Indian Mutiny Lucknow
Noel Chavasse King 's Regiment ( Liverpool ) 9 August 1916 31 July-2 August 1917 First World War First World War Guillemont Wieltje
Thomas Crean 1st Imperial Light Horse 18 December 1901 Second Boer War Tygerkloof
John Crimmin Bombay Medical Services 1 January 1889 Karen-Ni Expedition Near Lwekaw
Campbell Douglas 24th Foot 7 May 1867 Andaman Expedition Little Andaman
Henry Douglas Royal Army Medical Corps 11 December 1899 Second Boer War Magersfontein
Joseph Farmer Army Hospital Corps 4 July 1879 Zulu War Ulundi
John Fox-Russell Royal Welch Fusiliers 6 November 1917 First World War Khuweilfe
Andrew Fitzgibbon Indian Medical Establishment 21 August 1860 Third China War Taku Forts
John Green Sherwood Foresters 1 July 1916 First World War Loos
Thomas Hale 7th Foot 7-8 September 1855 Crimean War Sevastopol
Henry Harden No . 45 ( Royal Marine ) Commando 23 January 1945 Second World War Brachterbeek
Anthony Home 90th Foot 26 September 1857 Indian Mutiny Lucknow
Neville Howse New South Wales Army Medical Corps 24 July 1900 Second Boer War Vredefort
Bellenden Hutcheson 75th ( Mississauga ) Battalion , CEF 2 September 1918 First World War Drocourt-Quéant
Edgar Inkson Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers 24 February 1900 Second Boer War Hart 's Hill