Question: Who established the research-intensive cluster route located in the fourth smallest state by population ?

text: Research-intensive cluster
List of research-intensive clusters

Research-intensive clusters (RICs) are regions with a high density of research-oriented organizations. These regions may be informally designated, or may be represented by a formal association. Member organizations are often universities, businesses, and non-profit research institutes. Closely related concepts include research associations (in general), research parks, technology clusters, and economic clusters. RICs differ from generic research associations in that the member organizations must be geographically close to one another. RICs differ from research parks in that the member organizations are in separate locations within a geographical region, and are not sharing the same exact location. RICs differ from technology and economic clusters because they focus on more research rather than on economic development per se, though for-profit businesses may certainly be members of both types of groups. Other similar concepts include technology alliances and business parks. Technology alliances focus on economic development, often regardless of research-intensity or geographic density. Business parks provide infrastructure and facilities to businesses, but there is no requirement for research-intensity and all the member organizations share facilities in exactly the same location.
Name Location Nation Anchor Universities/Institutes ( or Companies )
315 Research Corridor Columbus , OH U.S Ohio State University , Battelle Institute , etc
BioValley Basel , Freiburg , Illkirch Switzerland , Germany , France Innovation Center , Unicampus , Research Park , Technology Center
Edinburgh Science Triangle Edinburgh Scotland ( many )
Eindhoven-Leuven-Aachen triangle ( ELAt ) Eindhoven - Leuven - Aachen Netherlands , Belgium , Germany ( many )
Global Medical Excellence Cluster South East England and East Anglia England Many , including the University of Oxford , the University of Cambridge , Imperial College London , King 's College London ( KCL ) , Queen Mary University of London ( QMUL ) and University College London ( UCL )
Golden triangle Oxford , London and Cambridge England Many , including the University of Oxford , the University of Cambridge , Imperial College London , King 's College London ( KCL ) , the London School of Economics ( LSE ) and University College London ( UCL )
Innovation Crescent Atlanta , GA and Athens , GA U.S Georgia Institute of Technology , Emory University , University of Georgia , etc
MedCity London England Imperial College London , King 's College London ( KCL ) and University College London ( UCL )
Medicon Valley Öresund Region Denmark and Sweden University of Copenhagen , Lund University , etc
Michigan Life Sciences Corridor Michigan U.S Michigan State University , Wayne State University , University of Michigan , Van Andel Institute
OstWestfalenLippe Maschinenbau East Westphalia Germany ( many )
Oklahoma Research Corridor Oklahoma U.S University of Oklahoma ( OU ) , OU Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma State University ( OSU ) , University of Tulsa ( TU )
Oulu Region Oulu Finland University of Oulu , Technopolis Plc
Paris-Saclay Paris , Ile-de-France France Université Paris-Saclay ( 2014 ) , Etablissement public Paris-Saclay and Paris Region Economic Development Agency
Pittsburgh Quantum Institute Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania U.S Duquesne University , Carnegie Mellon University , and the University of Pittsburgh
Red River Valley Research Corridor North Dakota U.S North Dakota State University ( NDSU ) and University of North Dakota ( UND )
Research Triangle Raleigh - Durham - Cary - Chapel Hill , North Carolina U.S North Carolina State University , Duke University , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Salzburg Wood Cluster Salzburg Austria ( many )
Silicon Fen ( or the Cambridge Cluster ) Cambridge England University of Cambridge
Silicon Valley southern San Francisco Bay Area U.S ( many )