# Puri

**Section:** Medieval and early modern periods

| Invasion number | Invader (s), year (s) AD | Local rulers | Status of the three images of the Jagannatha temple |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Raktabahu or Govinda III (798–814) of the Rashtrakuta Empire | King Subhanadeva of Bhaumakara dynasty | Idols shifted to Gopali near Sonepur. Was brought back to Puri by Yayati I after 146 years and re-consecrated after performing Nabakalebara. |
| 2 | Illias Shah, Sultan of Bengal, 1340 | Narasinghadeva III | Images shifted to a secret location. |
| 3 | Feroz Shah Tughlaq, 1360 | Ganga King Bhanudeva III | Images not found, though rumored that they were thrown into the Bay Of Bengal. |
| 4 | Ismail Ghazi commander of Alauddin Hussain Shah of Bengal, 1509 | King Prataprudradeva | Images shifted to Chandhei Guha Pahada near Chilika Lake. |
| 5 | Kalapahara, army assistant general of Sulaiman Karrani of the Afghan Sultan of Bengal, 1568 | Mukundadeva Harichandan | Images initially hidden in an island in Chilika Lake. However, the invader took the idols from here to the banks of the Ganges River and burnt them. |
| 6 | Suleman, the son of Kuthu Khan and Osman, the son of Isha (ruler of Orissa), 1592 | Ramachandradeva, the Bhoi dynasty ruler of Khurda | Revolt was by local Muslim rulers who desecrated the images. |
| 7 | Mirza Khurum, the commander of Islam Khan I, the Nawab of Bengal, 1601 | Purushottamadeva of Bhoi Dynasty | Image moved to Kapileswarpur village by boat through the river Bhargavi and kept in the Panchamukhi Gosani temple. Thereafter, the deities were kept in Dobandha—Pentha. |
| 8 | Hasim Khan, the Subedar of Orissa, 1608 | Purushottam Deva, the King of Khurda | Images shifted to the Gopal temple at Khurda and brought back in 1608. |
| 9 | Hindu Rajput Jagirdar Kesodasmaru, 1610 | Purusottamdeva, the king of Khurda | Images kept at the Gundicha Temple and brought back to Puri after eight months. |
| 10 | Kalyan Malla, 1611 | Purushottamadeva, the King of Khurda | Images moved to 'Mahisanasi' also known as'Brahmapura' or 'Chakanasi' in the Chilika Lake where they remained for one year. |
| 11 | Kalyan Malla, 1612 | Paiks of Purushottamadeva, the King of Khurda | Images placed on a fleet of boats at Gurubai Gada and hidden under the 'Lotani Baragachha' or Banyan tree) and then at 'Dadhibaman Temple'. |
| 12 | Mukarram Khan, 1617 | Purushottama Deva, the King of Khurda | Images moved to the Bankanidhi temple, Gobapadar and brought back to Puri in 1620. |
| 13 | Mirza Ahmad Beg, 1621 | Narasingha Deva | Images shifted to 'Andharigada' in the mouth of the river Shalia across the Chilika Lake. Moved back to Puri in 1624. |
| 14 | Amir Mutaquad Khan alias Mirza Makki, 1645 | Narasingha Deva and Gangadhar | Not known. |
| 15 | Amir Fateh Khan, 1647 | Not known | Not known |
| 16 | Ekram Khan and Mastram Khan on behalf of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, 1692 | Divyasingha Deva, the king of Khurda | Images moved to 'Maa Bhagabati Temple' and then to Bada Hantuada in Banpur across the Chilika Lake, and finally brought back to Puri in 1699. |
| 17 | Muhammad Taqi Khan, 1731 and 1733 | Birakishore Deva and Birakishore Deva of Athagada | Images moved to Hariswar in Banpur, Chikili in Khalikote, Rumagarh in Kodala, Athagada in Ganjam and lastly to Marda in Kodala. |
| 18 | Followers of Mahima Dharma, 1881 | Birakishore Deva and Birakishore Deva of Athagada | Images burnt in the streets. |

Question: What were the first and last invasions?