English: One: the politics of the First Republic (1960-1965) was heavily characterized by ethnicity, especially towards the end of that tragic period .
Igbo: Otu: ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Republik nke mbụ (1960 - 1965) eji agbụrụ mara ya nke ukwuu, ọkachasị njedebe nke oge ọdachị.