DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024

Bill: 118-hr-8663
Sponsor: full_name: Rep. LaLota, Nick [R-NY-1]
Introduced: 2024-06-07
Policy area: Science, Technology, Communications
Subjects: Advanced technology and technological innovations

Computers and information technology

Drug trafficking and controlled substances

Libraries and archives

Research and development
Latest action: action_date: 2024-12-23
text: Became Public Law No: 118-186.

Summaries:
action_date: 2024-06-07
action_desc: Introduced in House
text: <p><strong>Detection Equipment and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 or the DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024</strong></p><p>This bill provides statutory authority for the Department of Homeland Security's Science and Technology Directorate to take certain actions to support the detection of drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine.</p><p>Specifically, the bill provides statutory authority for the directorate's research and development efforts to improve drug detection equipment and reference libraries for law enforcement agencies, including with respect to portable equipment, equipment&nbsp;that can analyze complex samples, and technology that uses artificial intelligence or other techniques to detect new substances. The bill additionally requires the directorate to follow certain standards and rely on certain information from&nbsp;the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Drug Enforcement Administration, respectively, regarding these efforts.</p><!--tinycomments|2.1|data:application/json;base64,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-->

action_date: 2024-08-23
action_desc: Reported to House
text: <p><strong>Detection Equipment and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 or the DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024</strong></p><p>This bill provides statutory authority for the Department of Homeland Security's Science and Technology Directorate to take certain actions to support the detection of drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine.</p><p>Specifically, the bill provides statutory authority for the directorate's research and development efforts to improve drug detection equipment and reference libraries for law enforcement agencies, including with respect to portable equipment, equipment&nbsp;that can analyze complex samples, and technology that uses artificial intelligence or other techniques to detect new substances. The bill additionally requires the directorate to follow certain standards and rely on certain information from&nbsp;the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Drug Enforcement Administration, respectively, regarding these efforts.</p><!--tinycomments|2.1|data:application/json;base64,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-->

action_date: 2024-09-09
action_desc: Passed House
text: <p><strong>Detection Equipment and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 or the DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024</strong></p><p>This bill provides statutory authority for the Department of Homeland Security's Science and Technology Directorate to take certain actions to support the detection of drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine.</p><p>Specifically, the bill provides statutory authority for the directorate's research and development efforts to improve drug detection equipment and reference libraries for law enforcement agencies, including with respect to portable equipment, equipment&nbsp;that can analyze complex samples, and technology that uses artificial intelligence or other techniques to detect new substances. The bill additionally requires the directorate to follow certain standards and rely on certain information from&nbsp;the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Drug Enforcement Administration, respectively, regarding these efforts.</p><!--tinycomments|2.1|data:application/json;base64,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-->

action_date: 2024-12-12
action_desc: Passed Senate
text: <p><strong>Detection Equipment and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 or the DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024</strong></p><p>This bill provides statutory authority for the Department of Homeland Security's Science and Technology Directorate to take certain actions to support the detection of drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine.</p><p>Specifically, the bill provides statutory authority for the directorate's research and development efforts to improve drug detection equipment and reference libraries for law enforcement agencies, including with respect to portable equipment, equipment&nbsp;that can analyze complex samples, and technology that uses artificial intelligence or other techniques to detect new substances. The bill additionally requires the directorate to follow certain standards and rely on certain information from&nbsp;the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Drug Enforcement Administration, respectively, regarding these efforts.</p>

action_date: 2024-12-23
action_desc: Public Law
text: <p><strong>Detection Equipment and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 or the DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024</strong></p><p>This act&nbsp;provides statutory authority for the Department of Homeland Security's Science and Technology Directorate to take certain actions to support the detection of drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine.</p><p>Specifically, the act&nbsp;provides statutory authority for the directorate's research and development efforts to improve drug detection equipment and reference libraries for law enforcement agencies, including with respect to portable equipment, equipment&nbsp;that can analyze complex samples, and technology that uses artificial intelligence or other techniques to detect new substances. The act&nbsp;additionally requires the directorate to follow certain standards and rely on certain information from&nbsp;the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Drug Enforcement Administration, respectively, regarding these efforts.</p>

tv_txt: I One Hundred Eighteenth Congress of the United States of America At the Second Session Begun and held at the City of Washington on Wednesday, the third day of January, two thousand and twenty-four H. R. 8663 AN ACT To require the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of Homeland Security to develop greater capacity to detect and identify illicit substances in very low concentrations.

1. Short titles This Act may be cited as the Detection Equipment and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 or the DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 . 2. Enhancing the capacity to detect and identify drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine Section 302 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 ( 6 U.S.C. 182 ) is amended— (1) in paragraph (13), by striking and at the end; (2) in paragraph (14), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; and ; and (3) by adding at the end the following: (15) carrying out, in coordination with the Drug Enforcement Administration, research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analyses to improve the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of equipment and the effectiveness and efficiency of reference libraries for use by Federal, State, local, Tribal, and territorial law enforcement agencies for the accurate detection of drugs, such as fentanyl and xylazine, including— (A) portable equipment that can detect and identify drugs with minimal or no handling of the sample; (B) equipment that can separate complex mixtures containing low concentrations of drugs and high concentrations of cutting agents into their component parts to enable signature extraction for field identification and detection; and (C) technologies that use machine learning or artificial intelligence (as defined in section 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 ( 15 U.S.C. 9401 )) and other techniques to predict whether the substances in a sample are controlled substance analogues or other new psychoactive substances not yet included in available reference libraries. . 3. Requirements In carrying out section 302(15) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as added by section 2, the Under Secretary for Science and Technology shall— (1) follow the recommendations, guidelines, and best practices described in the Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (NIST AI 100–1) or any successor document published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology; and (2) establish the Directorate of Science and Technology’s research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analysis priorities under such section 302(15) based on the latest available information, including specific drugs identified as threats in— (A) the latest Homeland Threat Assessment published by the Department of Homeland Security; (B) the latest State and Territory Report on Enduring and Emerging Threats published by the Drug Enforcement Administration; or (C) any successor documents. 4. Rule of construction Nothing in this Act may be construed to limit the authority of agencies currently managing, overseeing, or otherwise involved in drug equipment and reference libraries.

Speaker of the House of Representatives. Vice President of the United States and President of the Senate.

tv_txt: 118th CONGRESS 2d Session H.R. 8663 In the Senate of the United States, December 12, 2024. Amendments:

That the bill from the House of Representatives (H.R. 8663) entitled An Act to require the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of Homeland Security to develop greater capacity to detect, identify, and disrupt illicit substances in very low concentrations. , do pass with the following Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the following: 1. Short titles This Act may be cited as the Detection Equipment and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 or the DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 . 2. Enhancing the capacity to detect and identify drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine Section 302 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 ( 6 U.S.C. 182 ) is amended— (1) in paragraph (13), by striking and at the end; (2) in paragraph (14), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; and ; and (3) by adding at the end the following: (15) carrying out, in coordination with the Drug Enforcement Administration, research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analyses to improve the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of equipment and the effectiveness and efficiency of reference libraries for use by Federal, State, local, Tribal, and territorial law enforcement agencies for the accurate detection of drugs, such as fentanyl and xylazine, including— (A) portable equipment that can detect and identify drugs with minimal or no handling of the sample; (B) equipment that can separate complex mixtures containing low concentrations of drugs and high concentrations of cutting agents into their component parts to enable signature extraction for field identification and detection; and (C) technologies that use machine learning or artificial intelligence (as defined in section 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 ( 15 U.S.C. 9401 )) and other techniques to predict whether the substances in a sample are controlled substance analogues or other new psychoactive substances not yet included in available reference libraries. . 3. Requirements In carrying out section 302(15) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as added by section 2, the Under Secretary for Science and Technology shall— (1) follow the recommendations, guidelines, and best practices described in the Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (NIST AI 100–1) or any successor document published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology; and (2) establish the Directorate of Science and Technology’s research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analysis priorities under such section 302(15) based on the latest available information, including specific drugs identified as threats in— (A) the latest Homeland Threat Assessment published by the Department of Homeland Security; (B) the latest State and Territory Report on Enduring and Emerging Threats published by the Drug Enforcement Administration; or (C) any successor documents. 4. Rule of construction Nothing in this Act may be construed to limit the authority of agencies currently managing, overseeing, or otherwise involved in drug equipment and reference libraries.

Amend the title so as to read: An Act to require the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of Homeland Security to develop greater capacity to detect and identify illicit substances in very low concentrations. .

Secretary

tv_txt: IIB 118th CONGRESS 2d Session H. R. 8663 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES September 10, 2024 Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs AN ACT To require the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of Homeland Security to develop greater capacity to detect, identify, and disrupt illicit substances in very low concentrations.

1. Short titles This Act may be cited as the Detection Equipment and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 or the DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 . 2. Enhancing the capacity to detect, identify, and disrupt drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine Section 302 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 ( 6 U.S.C. 182 ) is amended— (1) in paragraph (13), by striking and at the end; (2) in paragraph (14), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; and ; and (3) by adding at the end the following: (15) carrying out research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analyses to improve the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of equipment and reference libraries for use by Federal, State, local, Tribal, and territorial law enforcement agencies for the accurate detection of drugs or the disruption of drug trafficking for drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine, including, but not limited to— (A) portable equipment that can detect and identify drugs with minimal or no handling of the sample; (B) equipment that can separate complex mixtures containing low concentrations of drugs and high concentrations of cutting agents into their component parts to enable signature extraction for field identification and detection; and (C) technologies that use machine learning or artificial intelligence (as defined in section 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 ( 15 U.S.C. 9401 )) and other techniques to predict whether the substances in a sample are controlled substance analogues or other new psychoactive substances not yet included in available reference libraries. . 3. Requirements In carrying out section 302(15) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as added by section 2, the Under Secretary for Science and Technology shall— (1) follow the recommendations, guidelines, and best practices described in the Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (NIST AI 100–1) or any successor document published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology; and (2) establish the Directorate of Science and Technology’s research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analysis priorities under such section 302(15) based on the latest available information, including the latest State and Territory Report on Enduring and Emerging Threats published by the Drug Enforcement Administration or any successor document.

Passed the House of Representatives September 9, 2024. Kevin F. McCumber, Clerk.

tv_txt: IB 118th CONGRESS 2d Session H. R. 8663 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AN ACT To require the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of Homeland Security to develop greater capacity to detect, identify, and disrupt illicit substances in very low concentrations.

1. Short titles This Act may be cited as the Detection Equipment and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 or the DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 . 2. Enhancing the capacity to detect, identify, and disrupt drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine Section 302 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 ( 6 U.S.C. 182 ) is amended— (1) in paragraph (13), by striking and at the end; (2) in paragraph (14), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; and ; and (3) by adding at the end the following: (15) carrying out research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analyses to improve the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of equipment and reference libraries for use by Federal, State, local, Tribal, and territorial law enforcement agencies for the accurate detection of drugs or the disruption of drug trafficking for drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine, including, but not limited to— (A) portable equipment that can detect and identify drugs with minimal or no handling of the sample; (B) equipment that can separate complex mixtures containing low concentrations of drugs and high concentrations of cutting agents into their component parts to enable signature extraction for field identification and detection; and (C) technologies that use machine learning or artificial intelligence (as defined in section 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 ( 15 U.S.C. 9401 )) and other techniques to predict whether the substances in a sample are controlled substance analogues or other new psychoactive substances not yet included in available reference libraries. . 3. Requirements In carrying out section 302(15) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as added by section 2, the Under Secretary for Science and Technology shall— (1) follow the recommendations, guidelines, and best practices described in the Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (NIST AI 100–1) or any successor document published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology; and (2) establish the Directorate of Science and Technology’s research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analysis priorities under such section 302(15) based on the latest available information, including the latest State and Territory Report on Enduring and Emerging Threats published by the Drug Enforcement Administration or any successor document.

Passed the House of Representatives September 9, 2024. Kevin F. McCumber, Clerk.

tv_txt: IB Union Calendar No. 531 118th CONGRESS 2d Session H. R. 8663 [Report No. 118–634] IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES June 7, 2024 Mr. LaLota (for himself and Mr. Correa ) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Homeland Security August 23, 2024 Additional sponsor: Mr. Davis of North Carolina August 23, 2024 Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed A BILL To require the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of Homeland Security to develop greater capacity to detect, identify, and disrupt illicit substances in very low concentrations.

1. Short titles This Act may be cited as the Detection Equipment and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 or the DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 . 2. Enhancing the capacity to detect, identify, and disrupt drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine Section 302 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 ( 6 U.S.C. 182 ) is amended— (1) in paragraph (13), by striking and at the end; (2) in paragraph (14), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; and ; and (3) by adding at the end the following: (15) carrying out research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analyses to improve the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of equipment and reference libraries for use by Federal, State, local, Tribal, and territorial law enforcement agencies for the accurate detection of drugs or the disruption of drug trafficking for drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine, including, but not limited to— (A) portable equipment that can detect and identify drugs with minimal or no handling of the sample; (B) equipment that can separate complex mixtures containing low concentrations of drugs and high concentrations of cutting agents into their component parts to enable signature extraction for field identification and detection; and (C) technologies that use machine learning or artificial intelligence (as defined in section 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 ( 15 U.S.C. 9401 )) and other techniques to predict whether the substances in a sample are controlled substance analogues or other new psychoactive substances not yet included in available reference libraries. . 3. Requirements In carrying out section 302(15) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as added by section 2, the Under Secretary for Science and Technology shall— (1) follow the recommendations, guidelines, and best practices described in the Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (NIST AI 100–1) or any successor document published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology; and (2) establish the Directorate of Science and Technology’s research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analysis priorities under such section 302(15) based on the latest available information, including the latest State and Territory Report on Enduring and Emerging Threats published by the Drug Enforcement Administration or any successor document.

August 23, 2024 Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed

tv_txt: I 118th CONGRESS 2d Session H. R. 8663 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES June 7, 2024 Mr. LaLota (for himself and Mr. Correa ) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Homeland Security A BILL To require the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of Homeland Security to develop greater capacity to detect, identify, and disrupt illicit substances in very low concentrations.

1. Short titles This Act may be cited as the Detection Equipment and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 or the DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 . 2. Enhancing the capacity to detect, identify, and disrupt drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine Section 302 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 ( 6 U.S.C. 182 ) is amended— (1) in paragraph (13), by striking and at the end; (2) in paragraph (14), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; and ; and (3) by adding at the end the following: (15) carrying out research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analyses to improve the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of equipment and reference libraries for use by Federal, State, local, Tribal, and territorial law enforcement agencies for the accurate detection of drugs or the disruption of drug trafficking for drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine, including, but not limited to— (A) portable equipment that can detect and identify drugs with minimal or no handling of the sample; (B) equipment that can separate complex mixtures containing low concentrations of drugs and high concentrations of cutting agents into their component parts to enable signature extraction for field identification and detection; and (C) technologies that use machine learning or artificial intelligence (as defined in section 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 ( 15 U.S.C. 9401 )) and other techniques to predict whether the substances in a sample are controlled substance analogues or other new psychoactive substances not yet included in available reference libraries. . 3. Requirements In carrying out section 302(15) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as added by section 2, the Under Secretary for Science and Technology shall— (1) follow the recommendations, guidelines, and best practices described in the Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (NIST AI 100–1) or any successor document published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology; and (2) establish the Directorate of Science and Technology’s research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analysis priorities under such section 302(15) based on the latest available information, including the latest State and Territory Report on Enduring and Emerging Threats published by the Drug Enforcement Administration or any successor document.