Preventing Child Marriage in Displaced Populations Act

Bill: 116-hr-2140
Sponsor: full_name: Rep. Wagner, Ann [R-MO-2]
Introduced: 2019-04-08
Policy area: International Affairs
Subjects: Child health

Child safety and welfare

Crime prevention

Crime victims

Crimes against children

Criminal investigation, prosecution, interrogation

Diplomacy, foreign officials, Americans abroad

Domestic violence and child abuse

Human rights

International organizations and cooperation

Marriage and family status

Mental health

Refugees, asylum, displaced persons

Research and development

United Nations

World health
Latest action: action_date: 2019-06-11
text: Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Summaries:
action_date: 2019-04-08
action_desc: Introduced in House
text: <p><b>Preventing Child Marriage Act</b></p> <p>This bill directs the President, through the United States' Permanent Representative to the United Nations (U.N.), to push for the U.N. to develop a comprehensive strategy to address the problem of child marriage in U.N.-administered refugee settlements. The strategy shall include a mandate to collect and report data on suspected child marriages, protocols for preventing child marriages, and programs to support and rehabilitate victims of such marriages.</p> <p>The Permanent Representative shall also advocate for the U.N. to (1) examine&nbsp;the relationship between child marriage and violence against girls in all of its research into child marriage, and (2) adopt a standard definition of "child marriage." </p>

action_date: 2019-06-10
action_desc: Passed House
text: <p><b>Preventing Child Marriage in Displaced Populations Act</b></p> <p>This bill directs the President, through the United States' Permanent Representative to the United Nations (U.N.), to push for the U.N. to develop a comprehensive strategy to address the problem of child marriage in U.N.-administered refugee settlements. The strategy shall include a mandate to collect and report data on suspected child marriages, protocols for preventing child marriages, and programs to support and rehabilitate victims of such marriages.</p> <p>The Permanent Representative shall also advocate for the U.N. to (1) examine&nbsp;the relationship between child marriage and violence against girls in all of its research into child marriage, and (2) adopt a standard definition of "child marriage." </p>

tv_txt: I 116th CONGRESS 1st Session H. R. 2140 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES April 8, 2019 Mrs. Wagner (for herself and Mr. McCaul ) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs A BILL To prevent child marriage in United Nations-administered refugee settlements, and for other purposes.

1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Preventing Child Marriage Act . 2. Preventing child marriage in United Nations-administered refugee settlements (a) In general The President shall direct the United States Permanent Representative to the United Nations to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States at the United Nations to call for an adoption by the United Nations of a definition of child marriage and the development of a comprehensive strategy to address child marriage in refugee settlements administered by the United Nations. Such strategy should include the following: (1) A mandate to regularly collect and report data related to the number of known or suspected child marriages taking place inside each such settlement. (2) Protocols for United Nations personnel regarding prevention and monitoring of child marriages inside each such settlement. (3) A description of programs administered at such settlements that provide— (A) physical, mental, and emotional rehabilitation and support to children who have extricated themselves from child marriage; and (B) alternatives to child marriage, such as education initiatives. (4) Protocols regarding how United Nations personnel should— (A) report adults participating in illegal child marriages in each such settlement; and (B) monitor the prosecution of such adults by the authorities of the country in which the settlement at issue is located. (b) Research The President shall direct the United States Permanent Representative to the United Nations to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States at the United Nations to advocate for the United Nations and its appropriate agencies to include in all of its research into child marriage the relationship between child marriage and violence against girls, including young children and infants. (c) Definitions In this section: (1) Child marriage The term child marriage means a formal marriage or informal union involving at least one person younger than age 18. (2) Illegal child marriage The term illegal child marriage means a formal marriage or informal union involving at least one person younger than age 18 that is illegal under the laws of the country in which the child marriage occurs.

tv_txt: I 116th CONGRESS 1st Session H. R. 2140 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AN ACT To prevent child marriage in refugee settlements administered by the United Nations, and for other purposes.

1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Preventing Child Marriage in Displaced Populations Act . 2. Findings Congress finds the following: (1) According to UNICEF, 12 million girls marry before the age of 18 every year. (2) Early marriage denies children, especially girls, their right to make vital decisions about their well-being, including relating to their health, family, and career. Child brides are less likely to finish their education, and are at higher risk for abuse, contracting HIV, and dying while pregnant or giving birth. (3) Child marriage also imposes substantial economic costs to developing countries, impeding development and prosperity gains. (4) Displaced populations are particularly vulnerable to child marriage, in communities where poverty, instability, and displacement put pressure on families to marry children, particularly young girls, off at a young age. (5) One United Nations (UN) study found that child marriage rates were 4 times higher among displaced Syrian refugees than among Syrians before the crisis. This indicates that displacement, instability, and poverty are driving child marriages. (6) United Nations agencies, including UNICEF and UNHCR, have acknowledged the dangers of child marriage and taken steps to address its risk in the populations they serve. (7) The UN Joint Program on Child Marriage supports this work by building the resilience of populations to indirectly prevent child marriage and by generating new data and evidence on the prevalence of child marriage in humanitarian and fragile settings. For example, in Uganda, the UN Joint Program on Child Marriage helped 27,000 adolescent girls strengthen critical skills through school clubs and Go Back to School campaigns, as well as life-skills and financial literacy training. (8) After the UN Joint Program on Child Marriage identified Yemen as one of its focus countries, 65,000 people, of whom 45,000 are adolescents, were reached with awareness raising activities on the harms of child marriage in 2018 alone. As a result, local council representatives, elders, and community leaders from six districts signed a pledge to support advocacy efforts to end child marriage. 3. Preventing child marriage in displaced populations (a) In general The President shall direct the United States Permanent Representative to the United Nations to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States at the United Nations to call for an adoption of an agreed-upon definition of child marriage across United Nations agencies. (b) Strategy The President shall direct the United States Permanent Representative to the United Nations to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States at the United Nations to call for the development of a comprehensive strategy to address child marriage in refugee settlements administered by the United Nations. Such strategy should include the following: (1) A mandate to regularly collect and report data related to the number of known or suspected child marriages taking place inside each such settlement. (2) Protocols for United Nations personnel regarding prevention and monitoring of child marriages inside each such settlement. (3) A description of United Nations programs administered at such settlements that include— (A) physical, mental, and emotional rehabilitation and support to children who have extricated themselves from child marriage; and (B) alternatives to child marriage, such as education initiatives. (4) Protocols regarding how United Nations personnel should— (A) report adults participating in illegal child marriages in each such settlement; and (B) monitor the prosecution of such adults by the authorities of the country in which the settlement at issue is located. (c) Research The President shall direct the United States Permanent Representative to the United Nations to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States at the United Nations to advocate for the United Nations and its appropriate agencies to include, as appropriate, in all of its research into child marriage the relationship between child marriage and violence against girls, including young children and infants. (d) Definitions In this section: (1) Child marriage The term child marriage means a formal marriage or informal union involving at least one person younger than age 18. (2) Illegal child marriage The term illegal child marriage means a child marriage that is illegal under the laws of the country in which the child marriage occurs.

Passed the House of Representatives June 10, 2019. Karen L. Haas, Clerk.

tv_txt: IIB 116th CONGRESS 1st Session H. R. 2140 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES June 11, 2019 Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations AN ACT To prevent child marriage in refugee settlements administered by the United Nations, and for other purposes.

1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Preventing Child Marriage in Displaced Populations Act . 2. Findings Congress finds the following: (1) According to UNICEF, 12 million girls marry before the age of 18 every year. (2) Early marriage denies children, especially girls, their right to make vital decisions about their well-being, including relating to their health, family, and career. Child brides are less likely to finish their education, and are at higher risk for abuse, contracting HIV, and dying while pregnant or giving birth. (3) Child marriage also imposes substantial economic costs to developing countries, impeding development and prosperity gains. (4) Displaced populations are particularly vulnerable to child marriage, in communities where poverty, instability, and displacement put pressure on families to marry children, particularly young girls, off at a young age. (5) One United Nations (UN) study found that child marriage rates were 4 times higher among displaced Syrian refugees than among Syrians before the crisis. This indicates that displacement, instability, and poverty are driving child marriages. (6) United Nations agencies, including UNICEF and UNHCR, have acknowledged the dangers of child marriage and taken steps to address its risk in the populations they serve. (7) The UN Joint Program on Child Marriage supports this work by building the resilience of populations to indirectly prevent child marriage and by generating new data and evidence on the prevalence of child marriage in humanitarian and fragile settings. For example, in Uganda, the UN Joint Program on Child Marriage helped 27,000 adolescent girls strengthen critical skills through school clubs and Go Back to School campaigns, as well as life-skills and financial literacy training. (8) After the UN Joint Program on Child Marriage identified Yemen as one of its focus countries, 65,000 people, of whom 45,000 are adolescents, were reached with awareness raising activities on the harms of child marriage in 2018 alone. As a result, local council representatives, elders, and community leaders from six districts signed a pledge to support advocacy efforts to end child marriage. 3. Preventing child marriage in displaced populations (a) In general The President shall direct the United States Permanent Representative to the United Nations to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States at the United Nations to call for an adoption of an agreed-upon definition of child marriage across United Nations agencies. (b) Strategy The President shall direct the United States Permanent Representative to the United Nations to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States at the United Nations to call for the development of a comprehensive strategy to address child marriage in refugee settlements administered by the United Nations. Such strategy should include the following: (1) A mandate to regularly collect and report data related to the number of known or suspected child marriages taking place inside each such settlement. (2) Protocols for United Nations personnel regarding prevention and monitoring of child marriages inside each such settlement. (3) A description of United Nations programs administered at such settlements that include— (A) physical, mental, and emotional rehabilitation and support to children who have extricated themselves from child marriage; and (B) alternatives to child marriage, such as education initiatives. (4) Protocols regarding how United Nations personnel should— (A) report adults participating in illegal child marriages in each such settlement; and (B) monitor the prosecution of such adults by the authorities of the country in which the settlement at issue is located. (c) Research The President shall direct the United States Permanent Representative to the United Nations to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States at the United Nations to advocate for the United Nations and its appropriate agencies to include, as appropriate, in all of its research into child marriage the relationship between child marriage and violence against girls, including young children and infants. (d) Definitions In this section: (1) Child marriage The term child marriage means a formal marriage or informal union involving at least one person younger than age 18. (2) Illegal child marriage The term illegal child marriage means a child marriage that is illegal under the laws of the country in which the child marriage occurs.

Passed the House of Representatives June 10, 2019. Cheryl L. Johnson, Clerk