Libya Stabilization Act

Bill: 116-hr-4644
Sponsor: full_name: Rep. Deutch, Theodore E. [D-FL-22]
Introduced: 2019-10-11
Policy area: International Affairs
Subjects: Africa

Alliances

Asia

China

Conflicts and wars

Congressional oversight

Criminal investigation, prosecution, interrogation

Currency

Detention of persons

Diplomacy, foreign officials, Americans abroad

Economic development

Egypt

Elections, voting, political campaign regulation

Europe

Foreign aid and international relief

Foreign and international banking

Foreign and international corporations

Foreign loans and debt

Foreign property

France

Fraud offenses and financial crimes

Government ethics and transparency, public corruption

Government studies and investigations

Health personnel

Human rights

Human trafficking

Inflation and prices

International monetary system and foreign exchange

International organizations and cooperation

Italy

Libya

Middle East

Military assistance, sales, and agreements

Military operations and strategy

Multilateral development programs

Oil and gas

Presidents and presidential powers, Vice Presidents

Qatar

Refugees, asylum, displaced persons

Rule of law and government transparency

Russia

Sanctions

Saudi Arabia

Sovereignty, recognition, national governance and status

Sudan

Syria

Terrorism

Trade restrictions

Turkey

United Arab Emirates

United Nations

Visas and passports

War and emergency powers

War crimes, genocide, crimes against humanity

Water use and supply
Latest action: action_date: 2020-11-30
text: Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Summaries:
action_date: 2019-10-11
action_desc: Introduced in House
text: <p><strong>Libya Stabilization Act</strong></p> <p>This bill provides for sanctions and aid related to the conflict in Libya.</p> <p>The bill provides statutory authority for an April 19, 2016, executive order imposing property- and visa-blocking sanctions on persons contributing to the violence in Libya. </p> <p>The President shall impose property- and visa-blocking sanctions on any foreign person that&nbsp;(1) knowingly supports or engages in a significant transaction with a foreign person knowingly operating in Libya on behalf of Russia in a military capacity, (2) engages in significant actions threatening peace or stability in Libya, (3) misappropriates Libyan state assets or natural resources, or (4) is knowingly responsible for or complicit in serious human rights abuses in Libya. Such sanctions shall expire on December 31, 2024.</p> <p>The U.S. Agency for International Development may provide humanitarian assistance to individuals and communities in Libya, including urgently needed health assistance, food, and shelter. </p> <p>The Department of State shall work to strengthen Libya's democratic governance, including by&nbsp;providing assistance to (1) unify Libya's financial and governing institutions, and (2) ensure transparent and credible future elections in Libya. </p> <p>The Department of the Treasury shall vote and argue for international financial institutions to support an economic recovery in Libya that&nbsp;complements the establishment of democratic institutions and rule of law. </p>

action_date: 2020-11-17
action_desc: Reported to House, Part I
text: <p><strong>Libya Stabilization Act</strong></p> <p>This bill provides for sanctions and assistance related to the conflict in Libya.</p> <p>The President shall impose property- and visa-blocking sanctions on any foreign person providing significant support to a militia or paramilitary group that is (1) knowingly threatening peace or stability in Libya, (2) knowingly engaging in the significant misappropriation or illicit exploitation of Libyan state assets or natural resources, or (3) responsible for or complicit in gross human rights violations in Libya. Such sanctions shall expire on December 31, 2024. </p> <p>The Department of State shall work to strengthen Libya's democratic governance, including by&nbsp;providing assistance to (1) support efforts to resolve the current civil conflict in Libya, (2) unify Libya's financial and governing institutions, and (3) ensure transparent and credible future elections in Libya. </p> <p>The Department of the Treasury shall vote and argue for international financial institutions to support an economic recovery in Libya that&nbsp;supports the establishment of a sovereign state with democratic institutions and rule of law. </p>

action_date: 2020-11-18
action_desc: Passed House
text: <p><strong>Libya Stabilization Act</strong></p> <p>This bill provides for sanctions and assistance related to the conflict in Libya.</p> <p>The President shall impose property- and visa-blocking sanctions on any foreign person providing significant support to a militia or paramilitary group that is (1) knowingly threatening peace or stability in Libya, (2) knowingly engaging in the significant misappropriation or illicit exploitation of Libyan state assets or natural resources, or (3) responsible for or complicit in gross human rights violations in Libya. Such sanctions shall expire on December 31, 2024. </p> <p>The Department of State shall work to strengthen Libya's democratic governance, including by&nbsp;providing assistance to (1) support efforts to resolve the current civil conflict in Libya, (2) unify Libya's financial and governing institutions, and (3) ensure transparent and credible future elections in Libya. </p> <p>The Department of the Treasury shall vote and argue for international financial institutions to support an economic recovery in Libya that&nbsp;supports the establishment of a sovereign state with democratic institutions and rule of law. </p>

tv_txt: I 116th CONGRESS 1st Session H. R. 4644 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES October 11, 2019 Mr. Deutch (for himself, Mr. Wilson of South Carolina , Mr. Ted Lieu of California , and Mr. Malinowski ) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs , and in addition to the Committees on the Judiciary , and Financial Services , for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned A BILL To clarify United States policy toward Libya, advance a diplomatic solution to the conflict in Libya, and support the people of Libya.

1. Short title; table of contents (a) Short title This Act may be cited as the Libya Stabilization Act . (b) Table of contents The table of contents for this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Sec. 2. Findings; statement of policy. Title I—Identifying challenges to stability in Libya Sec. 101. Codification of Executive Order 13726. Sec. 102. Report on activities of certain foreign governments and actors in Libya. Sec. 103. Strategy to counter Russian influence in Libya. Title II—Actions to address foreign intervention in Libya Sec. 201. Imposition of sanctions on those supporting Russian military intervention in Libya. Sec. 202. Sanctions with respect to persons threatening the peace or stability of Libya. Sec. 203. Sanctions with respect to certain persons who are responsible for or complicit in human rights abuses committed in Libya. Sec. 204. Sanctions described. Sec. 205. Waiver. Sec. 206. Implementation and regulatory authority. Sec. 207. Exception relating to importation of goods. Sec. 208. Definitions. Sec. 209. Termination. Title III—Assistance for Libya Sec. 301. Humanitarian relief for the people of Libya and international refugees and migrants in Libya. Sec. 302. Support for democratic governance, elections, and democratic civil society. Sec. 303. Engaging international financial institutions to advance Libyan economic recovery and improve public sector financial management. Sec. 304. Recovering assets stolen from the Libyan people. 2. Findings; statement of policy (a) Findings Congress makes the following findings: (1) The stability and territorial unity of Libya is critical to the security of the United States, Europe, North Africa, and the Sahel, as well as maritime routes in the southern Mediterranean Sea. (2) General Thomas Waldhauser, former Commander of United States Africa Command (AFRICOM), told the Senate Armed Services Committee in March 2017, instability in Libya and North Africa may be the most significant, near-term threat to U.S. and allies’ interests on the continent . (3) AFRICOM identifies containing instability in Libya as one of its six main lines of effort in Africa and works to support diplomatic efforts to reconstitute the Libyan state and to disrupt terrorist organizations that impede that process or threaten United States interests. (4) According to the Director of National Intelligence, as of 2019, the capabilities of the Libya-based Islamic State (ISIS) affiliate have been degraded, but it is still capable of conducting attacks on local and Western targets in Libya and possibly elsewhere in the region . According to United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary General (SRSG) Ghassan Salamé, ISIS has conducted six attacks since April 4, 2019. (5) On September 22, 2016, a Joint Communique on Libya, signed by Egypt, Italy, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, and others, reaffirmed a joint commitment to the United Nations Support Mission in Libya’s [UNSMIL] efforts under the leadership of the UN Special Representative of the Secretary General . (6) On March 1, 2019, the United States Government, along with the governments of France, Italy, and the United Kingdom, reiterated its strong support to the diplomatic efforts of SRSG Ghassan Salamé and UNSMIL, rejected a military solution in Libya, and called on all Libyans to work constructively with SRSG Salamé to realize a stable and unified government that can deliver security and prosperity for all Libyans. (7) UNSMIL planned to host a long-awaited National Conference in Ghadames, Libya to begin on April 12, 2019, to help the Libyan people negotiate a path toward interim governance structures and credible and secure elections. (8) On April 4, 2019, Khalifa Haftar, the commander of the Libyan National Army (LNA) movement ordered forces loyal to him to begin a unilateral military operation to take control of Tripoli, the capital of Libya. (9) Tripoli is the seat of the Government of National Accord (GNA), an interim body that emerged from previous United Nations-backed negotiations and that the United States Government and the United Nations Security Council have recognized since 2015. (10) Both the LNA movement, the GNA, and their associated forces have failed to observe their obligations under international humanitarian law, increased the geographic scope of the conflict, ignored calls for de-escalation and a ceasefire, recruited foreign mercenaries, and intensified ground and air campaigns using heavy weapons, aircraft, and reportedly using armed drones provided by foreign powers. (11) Without the full cooperation of all United Nations Member States in implementing the arms embargo in accordance with United Nations Security Council Resolution 2473 (2019), and all relevant predecessor resolutions, the flow of weapons to Libya will continue to fuel the conflict. (12) According to SRSG Salamé, weapons provided by foreign powers to the warring parties are being sold to or captured by terrorist groups active in Libya. (13) According to the United Nations, since the LNA movement offensive began in April 2019, the conflict in Libya has led to the deaths of more than 1,100 people and the displacement of more than 120,000 people. (14) Both the LNA movement and opposing forces have requisitioned the houses of civilians, targeted medical facilities, and inhibited humanitarian access to food, health, and other life-saving services, worsening humanitarian conditions. (15) More than 5,100 refugees and migrants are detained in detention facilities in Libya, including more than 3,000 in and around the conflict zones in Tripoli, with serious risks of torture, starvation, sexual abuse, and death. On July 2, 2019, an airstrike against the Tajura Detention Center killed 53 and wounded 130 people trapped in the center. The United Nations has called for the immediate release, evacuation, and protection of refugees and migrants detained in conflict zones. (b) Statement of policy It is the policy of the United States— (1) to assert there is no military solution to the conflict in Libya and that only a political process can secure United States interests, ensure a stable and unified Libya, reduce the threat of terrorism, and provide peace and opportunity to the Libyan people; (2) to support the implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1970 (2011) and 1973 (2011), which established an arms embargo on Libya, and subsequent resolutions modifying and extending the embargo; (3) to enforce Executive Order 13726 (81 Fed. Reg. 23559; relating to blocking property and suspending entry into the United States of persons contributing to the situation in Libya (April 19, 2016)), designed to target individuals or entities who threaten the peace, security, and stability of Libya ; (4) to employ sanctions and war-crimes prosecution, against any and all parties engaging in attacks on civilians, medical workers, and critical infrastructure, including water supplies, in Libya; (5) to contribute to Libya’s peace and stability, prevent destabilizing arms shipments, and support efforts to safeguard Libya’s oil resources in accordance with United Nations Security Council Resolutions 2259 (2015), 2278 (2016), 2362 (2017), and 2473 (2019); (6) to leverage diplomatic relations to convince the parties to the conflict in Libya to immediately de-escalate and halt their current fighting and persuade foreign powers to stop providing weapons and financing that exacerbate the conflict; (7) to encourage the parties to promptly return to a political process led by the United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary General (SRSG) and head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL); (8) to support the United Nations-mediated political process that seeks a negotiated and peaceful solution to the Libyan crisis; (9) that a negotiated and peaceful political solution should include a transitional, civilian-led government representing all Libyans, preparations for credible elections, a fair and transparent allocation of resources, interim security arrangements, and a process for the reunification of Libyan government ministries and Libyan sovereign institutions, including the Central Bank of Libya, the National Oil Corporation, and the Libyan Investment Authority; (10) to support constant, unimpeded, and reliable humanitarian access to those in need and to hold accountable those who impede or threaten the delivery of humanitarian assistance; (11) to advocate for the immediate release and safe evacuations of detained refugees and migrants trapped by the fighting in Libya; (12) to assist implementation of UNSMIL’s plan for the organized and gradual closure of migrant detention centers in Libya; and (13) to support future democratic development and the economic recovery of Libya both during and after a negotiated and peaceful political solution. I Identifying challenges to stability in Libya 101. Codification of Executive Order 13726 Notwithstanding any other provision of law or Executive order, Executive Order 13726 (81 Fed. Reg. 23559), signed on April 19, 2016, and entitled Blocking Property and Suspending Entry into the United States of Persons Contributing to the Situation in Libya shall have the force and effect of law. 102. Report on activities of certain foreign governments and actors in Libya (a) In general Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that includes— (1) a description of the full extent of involvement in Libya by the Governments of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Turkey, Sudan, Russia, the People’s Republic of China, France, and Italy, including— (A) a description of which governments are linked to drone and aircraft strikes; (B) the estimated dollar value and the amounts of various types of equipment transferred to the warring parties; and (C) an attribution of outside financial support provided to each reported presence of foreign mercenaries in Libya; (2) a determination and analysis of whether the actions by the governments identified in paragraph (1) violate the arms embargo with respect to Libya in accordance with United Nations Security Council Resolution 2473 (2019) and predecessor Security Council resolutions; (3) a list of the specific offending materiel or financial support transfers that would be in violation of the arms embargo with respect to Libya in accordance with United Nations Security Council Resolution 2473 (2019) and predecessor Security Council resolutions; and (4) a determination and analysis of the activities of foreign armed groups, including affiliates of the Islamic State (ISIS), al-Qa’ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), and Ansar al-Sharia, in Libya. (b) Form The report required by subsection (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified annex. (c) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this section, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives; and (2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Foreign Relations, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 103. Strategy to counter Russian influence in Libya (a) Findings Congress makes the following findings: (1) In the 2019 posture statement to Congress provided by General Thomas Waldhauser, Commander of United States Africa Command (AFRICOM), asserted that Russia was invok[ing] Qaddafi-era relationships and debts to obtain economic and military contracts … aimed at accessing Libya’s vast oil market, reviving arms sales, and gaining access to coastal territories . (2) Russia’s involvement in Libya and neighboring countries is part of a larger regional strategy to monitor the southern coastline of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), isolate Europe from Africa, and exert control over the southern Mediterranean Sea region. (b) Report and strategy (1) Report Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on— (A) an assessment of Russian influence and objectives in Libya; (B) the potential threat such influence poses to the United States, southern Europe, and NATO operations in the Mediterranean Sea; (C) Russia’s use of currency issuing and printing; and (D) Russia’s use of mercenaries, military contractors, and paramilitary forces in Libya. (2) Strategy Not later than 30 days after the date on which the report required by paragraph (1) is submitted to the appropriate congressional committees, the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense shall brief the appropriate congressional committees regarding a strategy to counter threats identified in the report. (3) Form The report required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified annex. (4) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this subsection, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (A) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Select Committee on Intelligence, and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. II Actions to address foreign intervention in Libya 201. Imposition of sanctions on those supporting Russian military intervention in Libya (a) In general On and after the date that is 180 days after the date on which the report required by section 102 is submitted to the appropriate congressional committees, the President shall impose the sanctions described in section 204 with respect to a foreign person if the President determines that the foreign person, on or after the date of the enactment of this Act, knowingly engages in an activity described in subsection (b). (b) Activities described A foreign person engages in an activity described in this subsection if the person knowingly provides significant financial, material, or technological support to, or knowingly engages in a significant transaction with— (1) a foreign person that is knowingly operating in a military capacity in Libya for or on behalf of the Government of Russia; or (2) a foreign person that is a military contractor, mercenary, or a paramilitary force knowingly operating in a military capacity in Libya for or on behalf of the Government of Russia. 202. Sanctions with respect to persons threatening the peace or stability of Libya (a) Imposition of sanctions On and after the date that is 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall impose the sanctions described in section 204 with respect to a foreign person if the President determines that the person, on or after the date of the enactment of this Act, knowingly engages in an activity described in subsection (b). (b) Activities described A foreign person engages in an activity described in this subsection if the person knowingly— (1) is engaged in significant actions or policies that threaten the peace, security, or stability of Libya, including through the supply of arms or related materiel; (2) is engaged in significant actions or policies that obstruct, undermine, delay, or impede, or pose a significant risk of obstructing, undermining, delaying, or impeding the United Nations-mediated political process that seeks a negotiated and peaceful solution to the Libyan crisis; (3) is engaged in significant actions or policies that may lead to or result in the misappropriation of significant state assets of Libya; (4) is involved in, or has been involved in, the significant illicit exploitation of crude oil or any other natural resources in Libya, including the significant illicit production, refining, brokering, sale, purchase, or export of Libyan oil; (5) is significantly threatening or coercing Libyan state financial institutions or the Libyan National Oil Company; (6) is significantly responsible for actions or policies that are intended to undermine— (A) the United Nations-led political process to end the conflict in Libya; or (B) efforts to promote stabilization and economic recovery in Libya; (7) is a successor entity to a person referred to in paragraphs (1) through (6); (8) owns or controls, or is owned or controlled by, a person referred to in paragraphs (1) through (6); (9) is acting for or, on behalf of, a person referred to in paragraphs (1) through (6); or (10) has provided, or attempted to provide, significant financial, material, technological, or other support for, or goods or services in support of, a person referred to in paragraphs (1) through (6). 203. Sanctions with respect to certain persons who are responsible for or complicit in human rights abuses committed in Libya (a) Imposition of sanctions The President shall impose the sanctions described in section 204 with respect to each foreign person on the list required by subsection (b). (b) List of Persons (1) In general Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of foreign persons that the President determines are knowingly responsible for or complicit in, or to have directly or indirectly engaged in, serious human rights abuses committed in Libya. (2) Updates of list The President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an updated list under paragraph (1)— (A) not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter for a period of 5 years; or (B) as new information becomes available. (3) Form The list required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex. 204. Sanctions described (a) Sanctions described The sanctions to be imposed with respect to a foreign person under section 201, 202, or 203 are the following: (1) Blocking of property The President shall exercise all of the powers granted to the President by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (except that the requirements of section 202 of such Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 ) shall not apply) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in property and interests in property of the person if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or are or come within the possession or control of a United States person. (2) Inadmissibility of certain individuals (A) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or parole A foreign person who meets any of the criteria described in section 201, 202, or 203 is— (i) inadmissible to the United States; (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other documentation to enter the United States; and (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into the United States or to receive any other benefit under the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.). (B) Current visas revoked A foreign person subject to section 201, 202, or 203 is subject to the following: (i) Revocation of any visa or other entry documentation regardless of when the visa or other entry documentation is or was issued. (ii) A revocation under clause (i) shall— (I) take effect immediately; and (II) automatically cancel any other valid visa or entry documentation that is in the foreign person’s possession. (b) Penalties The penalties provided for in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1705 ) shall apply to a person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of regulations promulgated under section 306(2) to carry out subsection (a)(1) to the same extent that such penalties apply to a person that commits an unlawful act described in section 206(a) of that Act. (c) Exception Sanctions under subsection (a)(2) shall not apply to an alien if admitting or paroling the alien into the United States is necessary to permit the United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United States, or other applicable international obligations of the United States. 205. Waiver (a) In general The President may waive the application of sanctions imposed on a foreign person under this title if the President— (1) determines that such a waiver is in the national interest of the United States; and (2) not later than the date on which such waiver will take effect, submits to the appropriate congressional committees a notice of and justification for such waiver. (b) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this subsection, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate. 206. Implementation and regulatory authority The President— (1) may exercise all authorities provided to the President under sections 203 and 205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this title; and (2) shall issue such regulations, licenses, and orders as are necessary to carry out this title. 207. Exception relating to importation of goods (a) In general The authorities and requirements to impose sanctions under this title shall not include the authority or requirement to impose sanctions on the importation of goods. (b) Good defined In this section, the term good means any article, natural or man-made substance, material, supply or manufactured product, including inspection and test equipment and excluding technical data. 208. Definitions In this title: (1) Admission; admitted, alien The terms admission , admitted , and alien have the meanings given those terms in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1101 ). (2) Foreign person The term foreign person means an individual or entity that is not a United States person. (3) Knowingly The term knowingly with respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the result. (4) United States person The term United States person means— (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence to the United States; or (B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States or any jurisdiction within the United States, including a foreign branch of such an entity. 209. Termination The requirement to impose sanctions under this title shall cease to be effective on December 31, 2024. III Assistance for Libya 301. Humanitarian relief for the people of Libya and international refugees and migrants in Libya (a) Sense of congress It is the sense of Congress that— (1) the United States Government should— (A) expand efforts to address Libya’s humanitarian crisis; (B) leverage diplomatic relations with the warring parties to guarantee constant, reliable humanitarian access by frontline providers in Libya; (C) leverage diplomatic relations with the warring parties, the United Nations, and the European Union to ensure the release of vulnerable migrants and refugees from detention centers and their voluntary safe passage from the conflict zones in Libya; and (D) expand efforts to document and publicize violations of human rights and international humanitarian law and hold perpetrators accountable; and (2) humanitarian assistance to address the crisis in Libya should be targeted toward those most in need and delivered through partners that uphold internationally recognized humanitarian principles. (b) Assistance authorized (1) In general The Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, in coordination with the Secretary of State, is authorized to provide humanitarian assistance to individuals and communities in Libya. (2) Included assistance Assistance authorized by paragraph (1) shall include the following: (A) Urgently needed health assistance, including logistical and technical assistance to hospitals, ambulances, and health clinics in affected communities. (B) Public health commodities and services, including medicines and basic medical supplies and equipment. (C) Protection, food, shelter, water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), and other assistance. (D) Technical assistance to ensure health, food, and commodities are appropriately selected, procured, targeted, and distributed. (c) Strategy Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a strategy on the following: (1) How the United States, working with relevant foreign governments and multilateral organizations, plans to address the humanitarian situation in Libya. (2) How to leverage diplomatic and assistance tools as well as strategic burden-sharing with international partners to improve the humanitarian situation in Libya. (3) How to confront humanitarian access challenges and ensure protection for vulnerable refugees and migrants. (4) How the United States will engage in diplomatic efforts to ensure support from international donors, including foreign governments and multilateral organizations. (d) Diplomatic engagement The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, shall work with relevant foreign governments and multilateral organizations to coordinate a high-level donor summit and carry out diplomatic engagement to advance the provision of humanitarian assistance to the people of Libya and international migrants and refugees in Libya and carry out the strategy required by subsection (c). (e) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this section, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. 302. Support for democratic governance, elections, and democratic civil society (a) In general The Secretary of State, in coordination with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, shall— (1) work to help the people of Libya and a future Libyan government unify Libyan financial and governing institutions to deliver progress for the Libyan people; (2) work to ensure transparent, credible, and inclusive future elections in Libya, including through supporting electoral security and international election observation and by providing training and technical assistance to institutions with election-related responsibilities; and (3) work with nongovernmental organizations— (A) to strengthen democratic governance and institutions and support decentralization; (B) to increase public and stakeholder confidence in Libya’s electoral system; (C) to defend internationally recognized human rights for people in Libya, including support for efforts to document crimes against humanity and violations of human rights; (D) to combat corruption and improve the transparency and accountability of government institutions; and (E) to support the efforts of independent media outlets to broadcast, distribute, and share information with the Libyan people. (b) Briefing requirement (1) In general Not later than 45 days after the scheduling of credible presidential and parliamentary elections in Libya, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the strategy to carry out the activities described in subsection (a). (2) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this subsection, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. (c) Authorization of appropriations (1) In general There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State for fiscal year 2020, $23,000,000 to carry out subsection (a). (2) Notification requirements Any expenditure of amounts made available to carry out subsection (a) shall be subject to the notification requirements applicable to— (A) expenditures from the Economic Support Fund under section 531(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2346(c) ); and (B) expenditures from the Development Assistance Fund under section 653(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2413(a) ). 303. Engaging international financial institutions to advance Libyan economic recovery and improve public sector financial management (a) In general The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States Executive Director at each international financial institution to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States to support a Libyan-led process to develop a framework for the economic recovery of Libya and improved public sector financial management, complementary to United Nations-led peace efforts and in support of the future establishment of democratic institutions and the rule of law in Libya. (b) Additional elements The framework described in subsection (a) shall include the following policy proposals: (1) To reunify the leadership and operations of Libya’s key economic ministries and institutions. (2) To improve the efficiency and reach of Libyan government programs that support poverty alleviation and a social safety net. (3) To assist in reconciling the public accounts of national financial institutions and letters of credit issued by private Libyan financial institutions. (4) To restore the production and efficient management of Libya’s oil industry, including rebuilding any damaged energy infrastructure. (5) To promote the development of private sector enterprise. (6) To improve the transparency and accountability of public sector employment and wage distribution. (7) To strengthen supervision of and reform of Libyan financial institutions to minimize corruption and ensure resources equitably serve the Libyan people. (8) To eliminate exploitation of price controls and market distorting subsidies in the Libyan economy. (c) Consultation In supporting the framework described in subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States Executive Director at each international financial institution to encourage the institution to consult with relevant stakeholders in the financial, governance, and energy sectors. (d) Definition of international financial institution In this section, the term international financial institution means the International Monetary Fund, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Development Association, International Finance Corporation, Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, African Development Bank, African Development Fund, Asian Development Bank, Inter-American Development Bank, Bank for Economic Cooperation and Development in the Middle East and North Africa, and Inter-American Investment Corporation. (e) Termination The requirements of this section shall cease to be effective on December 31, 2024. 304. Recovering assets stolen from the Libyan people (a) Sense of Congress It is the sense of Congress that the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the Attorney General should advance a coordinated international effort— (1) to carry out special financial investigations to identify and track assets taken from the people and institutions of Libyan through theft, corruption, money laundering, or other illicit means; and (2) to work with foreign governments— (A) to share financial investigations intelligence, as appropriate; (B) to oversee the assets identified pursuant to paragraph (1); and (C) to provide technical assistance to help governments establish the necessary legal framework to carry out asset forfeitures. (b) Additional elements The coordinated international effort described in subsection (a) should include input from— (1) the Office of Terrorist Financing and Financial Crimes of the Department of the Treasury; (2) the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network of the Department of the Treasury; and (3) the Money Laundering and Asset Recovery Section of the Department of Justice.

tv_txt: I 116th CONGRESS 2d Session H. R. 4644 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AN ACT To clarify United States policy toward Libya, advance a diplomatic solution to the conflict in Libya, and support the people of Libya.

1. Short title; table of contents (a) Short title This Act may be cited as the Libya Stabilization Act . (b) Table of contents The table of contents for this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Sec. 2. Findings; statement of policy. Title I—Identifying challenges to stability in Libya Sec. 101. Report on activities of certain foreign governments and actors in Libya. Sec. 102. Report of Russian activities and objectives in Libya. Sec. 103. Determination of sanctionable activities of the Libyan National Army with respect to Syria. Title II—Actions to address foreign intervention in Libya Sec. 201. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons leading, directing, or supporting certain foreign government involvement in Libya. Sec. 202. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons threatening the peace or stability of Libya. Sec. 203. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons who are responsible for or complicit in gross violations of internationally recognized human rights committed in Libya. Sec. 204. Sanctions described. Sec. 205. Waiver. Sec. 206. Implementation and regulatory authority. Sec. 207. Exception relating to importation of goods. Sec. 208. Definitions. Sec. 209. Suspension of sanctions. Sec. 210. Sunset. Title III—Assistance for Libya Sec. 301. Humanitarian relief for the people of Libya and international refugees and migrants in Libya. Sec. 302. Support for democratic governance, elections, and civil society. Sec. 303. Engaging international financial institutions to advance Libyan economic recovery and improve public sector financial management. Sec. 304. Recovering assets stolen from the Libyan people. Title IV—Determination of budgetary effects Sec. 401. Determination of budgetary effects. 2. Findings; statement of policy (a) Findings Congress makes the following findings: (1) The stability and territorial unity of Libya is critical to the security of the United States, Europe, North Africa, and the Sahel, as well as maritime routes in the southern Mediterranean Sea. (2) United States Africa Command (AFRICOM) identifies containing instability in Libya as one of its six main lines of effort in Africa and works to support diplomatic efforts to reconstitute the Libyan State and to disrupt terrorist organizations that impede that process or threaten United States interests. (3) According to the Defense Intelligence Agency, the Islamic State in Libya (ISIS-Libya) is degraded . However, Secretary of Defense Mark Esper said in November 2019 that there is a continued need for lethal operations to keep ISIS-Libya in a degraded state. (4) On April 4, 2019, Khalifa Haftar, the commander of the Libyan National Army (LNA) ordered forces loyal to him to begin a unilateral military operation to take control of Tripoli, the capital of Libya and seat of the Government of National Accord (GNA), an interim body that emerged from previous United Nations-backed negotiations which the United States Government and the United Nations Security Council have recognized since 2015. (5) Both the LNA, the GNA, and their associated forces have failed to observe their obligations under international humanitarian law, increased the geographic scope of the conflict, ignored calls for de-escalation and a ceasefire, recruited foreign mercenaries, and intensified ground and air campaigns using heavy weapons, aircraft, and reportedly using armed drones provided by foreign powers. (6) According to then-United Nations Special Representative and Head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL), Ghassan Salamé, weapons provided by foreign powers to the warring parties in violation of the United Nations arms embargo are being sold to or captured by terrorist groups active in Libya. (7) According to the United Nations, since the LNA offensive began in April 2019, the conflict in Libya has led to the deaths of more than 2,200 people and the displacement of more than 150,000 people. (8) All sides of the conflict have requisitioned the houses of civilians, targeted medical facilities, and inhibited humanitarian access to food, health, and other life-saving services, worsening humanitarian conditions. (9) More than 2,200 refugees and migrants are detained in detention facilities in Libya with serious risks of torture, starvation, sexual abuse, and death. On July 2, 2019, an airstrike against the Tajura Detention Center killed 53 and wounded 130 people trapped in the center. The United Nations has called for the immediate release, evacuation, and protection of refugees and migrants detained in conflict zones. (10) The Department of State’s 2020 Trafficking in Persons Report states with regard to Libya, Trafficking victims—including men, women, and children—are highly vulnerable to extreme violence and other human rights violations in Libya by governmental and non-state armed groups, including: physical, sexual, and verbal assault; abduction for ransom; extortion; arbitrary killings; inhumane detention; and child soldiering…Migrants in Libya are extremely vulnerable to sex and labor trafficking [and …] are vulnerable to exploitation by state and non-state actors, including employers who refuse to pay laborers’ wages. . (11) In November 2019, the GNA and the Government of Turkey signed a Memorandum of Understanding on maritime boundaries in the Mediterranean Sea. (12) According to a July 2020 Department of Defense Inspector General report, the Wagner Group, a Russian private military company, has deployed as many as 2,500 mercenary forces, including some Syrian fighters, advanced equipment, and advanced capabilities to support the LNA and Russian objectives in North Africa. (13) According to a July 2020 Department of Defense Inspector General report, Turkey’s president acknowledged that his country sent many Syrian militants to Libya to support the Government of National Accord (GNA)….USAFRICOM estimated that 3,500 Syrian mercenaries were in Libya supporting the GNA as of the end of March. Citing press reports, USAFRICOM stated that an additional 300 Turkish-supported Syrian opposition fighters arrived in Libya in early April. . (14) In January 2020, LNA-aligned forces shut down oil production in eastern Libya, which according to the United Nations threatens devastating consequences for the Libyan people and for the country’s economic and financial situation. (15) On January 19, 2020, at a peace conference in Berlin, representatives of the Governments of Algeria, China, Egypt, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, Turkey, the Republic of Congo, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and the United States, as well as regional and multilateral organizations, agreed to refrain from interference in Libya’s internal affairs, abide by the United Nations arms embargo, and advance a 55-point communique to resolve the conflict in Libya. (16) On January 30, 2020, then-United Nations Special Representative Salamé asserted, the warring parties have continued to receive advanced equipment, fighters, and advisors from foreign states, in violation of the UN arms embargo and pledges made by representatives of these countries in Berlin . (17) On February 12, 2020, the United States Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs testified before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, The task of bringing the Libyans back to the negotiating table has been complicated by the involvement of external actors. Libya is not the place for Russian mercenaries, or fighters from Syria, Chad, and Sudan. It is not the place for the Emiratis, Russians, or Turks to be fighting battles on the ground through intermediaries they sponsor or support with sophisticated and deadly equipment in pursuit of their own agendas. . (18) On February 13, 2020, the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 2510, which endorses the Conclusions of the International Conference on Libya held in Berlin, affirms the need for a lasting ceasefire, demands full compliance by all member states with the United Nations arms embargo, and expresses unequivocal support for the United Nations Special Representative and the ongoing UNSMIL-facilitated intra-Libyan dialogue. (b) Statement of policy It is the policy of the United States— (1) to advance a peaceful resolution to the conflict in Libya through a political process as the best way to secure United States interests, ensure a stable and unified Libya, reduce the threat of terrorism, and provide peace and opportunity to the Libyan people; (2) to support the implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1970 (2011) and 1973 (2011), which established an arms embargo on Libya, and subsequent resolutions modifying and extending the embargo; (3) to enforce Executive Order 13726 (81 Fed. Reg. 23559; relating to blocking property and suspending entry into the United States of persons contributing to the situation in Libya (April 19, 2016)), designed to target individuals or entities who threaten the peace, security, and stability of Libya ; (4) to oppose attacks on civilians, medical workers, and critical infrastructure, including water supplies, in Libya, and to support accountability for those engaged in such heinous actions; (5) to support Libya’s sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity, and national unity consistent with United Nations Security Council Resolution 2510 (2020) and all predecessor resolutions with respect to Libya, including by— (A) taking action to end the violence and flow of arms; (B) rejecting attempts by any party to illicitly export Libya’s oil; and (C) urging Libyan parties to eject foreign military and mercenary forces; (6) to leverage diplomatic relations to convince the parties to the conflict in Libya to immediately de-escalate and halt their current fighting and persuade foreign powers to stop providing personnel, including mercenaries, weapons, and financing that exacerbate the conflict; (7) to support building on the Libyan Political Agreement as a viable framework for the political solution in Libya and to urge all Libyan parties to resume the inclusive Libyan-led and Libyan-owned political process under the auspices of UNSMIL; (8) to support a negotiated and peaceful political solution that includes a single, unified, inclusive, and effective Libyan Government approved by the Libyan House of Representatives, the end of a transitional period achieved through free, fair, inclusive, and credible elections, a fair and transparent allocation of resources, interim security arrangements, and a process for the reunification of Libyan government ministries and Libyan sovereign institutions, including the Central Bank of Libya, the National Oil Corporation, and the Libyan Investment Authority; (9) to support constant, unimpeded, and reliable humanitarian access to those in need and to hold accountable those who impede or threaten the delivery of humanitarian assistance; (10) to seek to bring an end to trafficking in persons such as slavery, forced labor, and sexual exploitation, including with respect to migrants; (11) to advocate for the immediate release and safe evacuations of detained refugees and migrants trapped by the fighting in Libya; (12) to encourage implementation of UNSMIL’s plan for the organized and gradual closure of migrant detention centers in Libya; (13) to support current and future democratic and economic development; and (14) to discourage all parties from heightening tensions in the region, through unhelpful and provocative actions. I Identifying challenges to stability in Libya 101. Report on activities of certain foreign governments and actors in Libya (a) In general Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that includes— (1) a description of the full extent of involvement in Libya by foreign governments, including the Governments of Russia, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Sudan, Chad, China, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar, including— (A) a description of which governments are linked to drone and aircraft strikes; (B) a list of the types and estimated amounts of equipment transferred by each government described in this paragraph to the parties to the conflict, including foreign military contractors, mercenaries, or paramilitary forces operating in Libya; and (C) an estimate of the financial support provided by each government described in this paragraph to the parties to the conflict, including foreign military contractors, mercenaries, or paramilitary forces operating in Libya; (2) an analysis and determination of whether the actions by the governments described in paragraph (1) violate the arms embargo with respect to Libya under United Nations Security Council Resolution 2473 (2019) and other relevant Security Council resolutions; (3) a list of the specific offending materiel or financial support transfers provided by a government described in paragraph (1) that violate the arms embargo with respect to Libya under United Nations Security Council Resolution 2473 (2019) and other relevant Security Council resolutions; (4) a description of the activities of each foreign armed group, including the Russian Wagner Group, Turkish military contractors and mercenaries, affiliates of ISIS, al-Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), and Ansar al-Sharia, in Libya; (5) a description of European Union and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) efforts to enforce the United Nations arms embargo and facilitate a ceasefire; (6) a description of any violations of the arms embargo by European Union member states; and (7) a description of United States diplomatic engagement with the European Union and NATO regarding enforcement of the United Nations arms embargo. (b) Form The report required by subsection (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified annex. (c) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this section, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 102. Report of Russian activities and objectives in Libya (a) Findings Congress makes the following findings: (1) General Stephen Townsend, Commander of United States Africa Command (AFRICOM), warned in January 2020 that in Libya, Russia seeks to demonstrate itself as an alternative partner to the West and seeks to position itself alongside the southern flank of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). (2) AFRICOM has also stated that the Russian military presence in Libya threatens future United States military partnerships and counterterrorism cooperation by impeding United States access to Libya. (3) In May 2020, AFRICOM reported that the Government of Russia deployed 14 MiG-29 and Su-24 aircraft to Libya to support Russian state-sponsored private military contractors, including the Wagner Group. (b) Report (1) Report Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that contains an assessment of Russian activities and objectives in Libya, including— (A) the potential threat such activities pose to the United States, southern Europe, NATO, and partners in the Mediterranean Sea and North African region; (B) the direct role of Russia in Libyan financial affairs, to include issuing and printing currency; and (C) Russia’s use of mercenaries, military contractors, equipment, and paramilitary forces in Libya. (2) Form The report required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified annex. (3) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this subsection, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate. 103. Determination of sanctionable activities of the Libyan National Army with respect to Syria Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a list of members of the Libyan National Army (LNA), and details of their activities, that the President determines are knowingly responsible for sanctionable offenses pursuant to— (1) section 7412 of the Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Act of 2019 ( 22 U.S.C. 8791 note; 133 Stat. 2292); or (2) Executive Order 13582 (76 Fed. Reg. 52209; relating to blocking property of the Government of Syria and prohibiting certain transactions with respect to Syria (August 17, 2011)). II Actions to address foreign intervention in Libya 201. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons leading, directing, or supporting certain foreign government involvement in Libya (a) In general Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall impose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with respect to each foreign person that the President determines knowingly engages in an activity described in subsection (b). (b) Activities described A foreign person engages in an activity described in this subsection if the person leads, directs, or provides significant financial, material, or technological support to, or knowingly engages in a significant transaction with, a non-Libyan foreign person that is— (1) in Libya in a military or commercial capacity as a military contractor, mercenary, or part of a paramilitary force; and (2) engaged in significant actions that threaten the peace, security, or stability of Libya. 202. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons threatening the peace or stability of Libya (a) Imposition of sanctions The President shall impose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with respect to each foreign person on the list required by subsection (b). (b) List Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of— (1) foreign persons, including senior government officials, militia leaders, paramilitary leaders, and other persons who provide significant support to militia or paramilitary groups in Libya, that the President determines are knowingly— (A) engaged in significant actions or policies that threaten the peace, security, or stability of Libya, including any supply of arms or related materiel in violation of a United Nations Security Council resolution with respect to Libya; (B) engaged in significant actions or policies that obstruct, undermine, delay, or impede, or pose a significant risk of obstructing, undermining, delaying, or impeding the United Nations-mediated political process that seeks a negotiated and peaceful solution to the Libyan crisis; (C) engaged in significant actions that may lead to or result in the misappropriation of significant state assets of Libya; (D) involved in, or has been involved in, the significant illicit exploitation of crude oil or any other natural resources in Libya, including the significant illicit production, refining, brokering, sale, purchase, or export of Libyan oil; (E) significantly threatening or coercing Libyan state financial institutions or the Libyan National Oil Company; or (F) significantly responsible for actions or policies that are intended to undermine efforts to promote stabilization and economic recovery in Libya; (2) foreign persons that the President determines are successor entities to persons referred to in subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1); and (3) foreign persons that the President determines— (A) own or control, or are owned or controlled by, a person referred to in any of subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2); and (B) have provided, or attempted to provide, significant financial, material, technological, or other support for, or goods or services in support of, a person referred to in any of subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) for purposes of engaging in any activity listed in such subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1). (4) Updates of list The President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an updated list under paragraph (1)— (A) not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter for a period of 5 years; or (B) as new information becomes available. (5) Form The list required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex. 203. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons who are responsible for or complicit in gross violations of internationally recognized human rights committed in Libya (a) Imposition of sanctions The President shall impose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with respect to each foreign person on the list required by subsection (b). (b) List of persons (1) In general Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of foreign persons, including senior government officials, militia leaders, paramilitary leaders, and other persons who provide significant support to militia or paramilitary groups in Libya, that the President determines are knowingly responsible for or complicit in, or have directly or indirectly engaged in, gross violations of internationally recognized human rights committed in Libya. (2) Updates of list The President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an updated list under paragraph (1)— (A) not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter for a period of 5 years; or (B) as new information becomes available. (3) Form The list required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex. 204. Sanctions described (a) Sanctions described The sanctions to be imposed with respect to a foreign person under section 201, 202, or 203 are the following: (1) Blocking of property The President shall exercise all of the powers granted to the President by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (except that the requirements of section 202 of such Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 ) shall not apply) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in property and interests in property of the person if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or are or come within the possession or control of a United States person. (2) Inadmissibility of certain individuals (A) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or parole A foreign person who meets any of the criteria described section 201, 202, or 203 is— (i) inadmissible to the United States; (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other documentation to enter the United States; and (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into the United States or to receive any other benefit under the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.). (B) Current visas revoked A foreign person subject to section 201, 202, or 203 is subject to the following: (i) Revocation of any visa or other entry documentation regardless of when the visa or other entry documentation is or was issued. (ii) A revocation under clause (i) shall— (I) take effect immediately; and (II) automatically cancel any other valid visa or entry documentation that is in the foreign person’s possession. (b) Penalties The penalties provided for in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1705 ) shall apply to a person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of regulations promulgated under section 306(2) to carry out subsection (a)(1) to the same extent that such penalties apply to a person that commits an unlawful act described in section 206(a) of that Act. (c) Exception Sanctions under subsection (a)(2) shall not apply to an alien if admitting or paroling the alien into the United States is necessary to permit the United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United States, or other applicable international obligations of the United States. (d) Exception to comply with national security The following activities shall be exempt from sanctions under this section: (1) Activities subject to the reporting requirements under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 ( 50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.). (2) Any authorized intelligence or law enforcement activities of the United States. 205. Waiver The President may waive the application of sanctions imposed on a foreign person under this title if the President— (1) determines that such a waiver is in the national interest of the United States; and (2) not later than the date on which such waiver will take effect, submits to the appropriate congressional committees a notice of and justification for such waiver. 206. Implementation and regulatory authority The President— (1) is authorized to exercise all authorities provided to the President under sections 203 and 205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this title; and (2) shall issue such regulations, licenses, and orders as are necessary to carry out this title. 207. Exception relating to importation of goods (a) In general The authorities and requirements to impose sanctions under this title shall not include the authority or requirement to impose sanctions on the importation of goods. (b) Good defined In this section, the term good means any article, natural or man-made substance, material, supply or manufactured product, including inspection and test equipment and excluding technical data. 208. Definitions In this title: (1) Appropriate congressional committees The term appropriate congressional committees means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate. (2) Admitted; alien The terms admitted and alien have the meanings given those terms in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1101 ). (3) Foreign person The term foreign person means an individual or entity that is not a United States person. (4) Foreign government The term foreign government means any government of a country other than the United States. (5) Knowingly The term knowingly with respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the result. (6) United states person The term United States person means— (A) an individual who is a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence to the United States; or (B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States or any jurisdiction within the United States, including a foreign branch of such an entity; or (C) any person in the United States. (7) Gross violations of internationally recognized human rights The term gross violations of internationally recognized human rights has the meaning given such term in section 502B(d)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2304(d)(1) ). 209. Suspension of sanctions (a) In general The President may suspend in whole or in part the imposition of sanctions otherwise required under this title for periods not to exceed 90 days if the President determines that the parties to the conflict in Libya have agreed to and are upholding a sustainable, good-faith ceasefire in support of a lasting political solution in Libya. (b) Notification required Not later than 30 days after the date on which the President makes a determination to suspend the imposition of sanctions as described in subsection (a), the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a notification of the determination. (c) Reimposition of sanctions Any sanctions suspended under subsection (a) shall be reimposed if the President determines that the criteria described in that subsection are no longer being met. 210. Sunset The requirement to impose sanctions under this title shall cease to be effective on December 31, 2024. III Assistance for Libya 301. Humanitarian relief for the people of Libya and international refugees and migrants in Libya (a) Sense of congress It is the sense of Congress that— (1) the United States Government should— (A) continue efforts to address Libya’s humanitarian crisis; (B) leverage diplomatic relations with the warring parties to guarantee constant, reliable humanitarian access by frontline providers in Libya; (C) leverage diplomatic relations with the warring parties, the United Nations, and the European Union to encourage the voluntary safe passage of detained vulnerable migrants and refugees from the conflict zones in Libya; and (D) support efforts to document and publicize gross violations of internationally recognized human rights and international humanitarian law, including efforts related to trafficking in persons such as slavery, forced labor, and sexual exploitation, and hold perpetrators accountable; and (2) humanitarian assistance to address the crisis in Libya should be targeted toward those most in need and delivered through partners that uphold internationally recognized humanitarian principles, with robust monitoring to ensure assistance is reaching intended beneficiaries. (b) Assistance authorized The Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, in coordination with the Secretary of State, should continue to support humanitarian assistance to individuals and communities in Libya, including— (1) health assistance, including logistical and technical assistance to hospitals, ambulances, and health clinics in affected communities, including migrant communities, and provision of basic public health commodities; (2) services, such as medicines and medical supplies and equipment; (3) assistance to provide— (A) protection, food, and shelter, including to migrant communities; and (B) water, sanitation, and hygiene (commonly referred to as WASH ); and (4) technical assistance to ensure health, food, and commodities are appropriately selected, procured, targeted, monitored, and distributed. (c) Strategy Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a strategy on the following: (1) How the United States, working with relevant foreign governments and multilateral organizations, plans to address the humanitarian situation in Libya. (2) Diplomatic efforts by the United States to encourage strategic burden-sharing with international donors, including foreign governments and multilateral organizations on efforts to improve the humanitarian situation in Libya. (3) How to address humanitarian access challenges and ensure protection for vulnerable refugees and migrants, including protection from trafficking in persons such as slavery, forced labor, and sexual exploitation. (4) How the United States is mitigating risk, utilizing third party monitors, and ensuring effective delivery of assistance. (d) Diplomatic engagement The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, should work with relevant foreign governments and multilateral organizations to coordinate a high-level summit with respect to Libya in order to— (1) advance a ceasefire; (2) facilitate a political process to achieve such a ceasefire; and (3) coordinate donations to advance the provision of humanitarian assistance to the people of Libya and international migrants and refugees in Libya in order to carry out the strategy required by subsection (c). (e) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this section, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. 302. Support for democratic governance, elections, and civil society (a) In general The Secretary of State shall coordinate United States Government efforts to— (1) support efforts to resolve the current civil conflict in Libya; (2) work to help the people of Libya and a future Libyan government develop functioning, unified Libyan economic, security, and governing institutions; (3) work to ensure free, fair, inclusive, and credible elections organized by an independent and effective High National Elections Commission in Libya, including through supporting electoral security and international election observation and by providing training and technical assistance to institutions with election-related responsibilities, as appropriate; (4) work with the people of Libya, nongovernmental organizations, and Libyan institutions to strengthen democratic governance, reinforce civilian institutions and support decentralization in order to address community grievances, promote social cohesion, mitigate drivers of violent extremism, and help communities recover from Islamic State occupation; (5) defend against gross violations of internationally recognized human rights in Libya, including by supporting efforts to document such violations; (6) to combat corruption and improve the transparency and accountability of Libyan government institutions; and (7) to support the efforts of independent media outlets to broadcast, distribute, and share information with the Libyan people. (b) Risk mitigation and assistance monitoring The Secretary of State and Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development shall ensure that appropriate steps are taken to mitigate risk of diversion of assistance for Libya and ensure reliable third-party monitoring is utilized for projects in Libya that United States Government personnel are unable to access and monitor. (c) Report (1) In general Not later than 180 days after enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the activities carried out under subsection (a). (2) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this subsection, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. (d) Authorization of appropriations (1) In general There are authorized to be appropriated $23,000,000 for fiscal year 2021 to carry out subsection (a). (2) Notification requirements Any expenditure of amounts made available to carry out subsection (a) shall be subject to the notification requirements applicable to— (A) expenditures from the Economic Support Fund under section 531(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2346(c) ); and (B) expenditures from the Development Assistance Fund under section 653(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2413(a) ). 303. Engaging international financial institutions to advance Libyan economic recovery and improve public sector financial management (a) In general The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States Executive Director at each international financial institution to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States to support, in a way that is consistent with broader United States national interests, a Libyan-led process to develop a framework for the economic recovery of Libya and improved public sector financial management, complementary to United Nations-led peace efforts and in support of the future establishment of a sovereign state with democratic institutions and the rule of law in Libya. (b) Additional elements To the extent consistent with broader United States national interests, the framework described in subsection (a) shall include the following policy proposals: (1) To restore, respect, and safeguard the integrity, unity, and lawful governance of Libya’s key economic ministries and institutions, in particular the Central Bank of Libya, the Libya Investment Authority, the National Oil Corporation, and the Audit Bureau (AB). (2) To improve the accountability and effectiveness of Libyan authorities, including sovereign economic institutions, in providing services and opportunity to the Libyan people. (3) To assist in improving public financial management and reconciling the public accounts of national financial institutions and letters of credit issued by private Libyan financial institutions as needed pursuant to a political process. (4) To restore the production, efficient management, and development of Libya’s oil and gas industries so such industries are resilient against malign foreign influence and can generate prosperity on behalf of the Libyan people. (5) To promote the development of private sector enterprise. (6) To improve the transparency and accountability of public sector employment and wage distribution. (7) To strengthen supervision of and reform of Libyan financial institutions. (8) To eliminate exploitation of price controls and market distorting subsidies in the Libyan economy. (9) To support opportunities for United States businesses. (c) Consultation In supporting the framework described in subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States Executive Director at each international financial institution to encourage the institution to consult with relevant stakeholders in the financial, governance, and energy sectors. (d) Definition of international financial institution In this section, the term international financial institution means the International Monetary Fund, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Development Association, International Finance Corporation, Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, African Development Bank, African Development Fund, Asian Development Bank, Inter-American Development Bank, Bank for Economic Cooperation and Development in the Middle East and North Africa, and Inter-American Investment Corporation. (e) Termination The requirements of this section shall cease to be effective on December 31, 2024. 304. Recovering assets stolen from the Libyan people (a) Sense of congress It is the sense of Congress that the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the Attorney General should, to the extent practicable, advance a coordinated international effort— (1) to carry out special financial investigations to identify and track assets taken from the people and institutions of Libya through theft, corruption, money laundering, or other illicit means; and (2) to work with foreign governments— (A) to share financial investigations intelligence, as appropriate; (B) to oversee the assets identified pursuant to paragraph (1); and (C) to provide technical assistance to help governments establish the necessary legal framework to carry out asset forfeitures. (b) Additional elements The coordinated international effort described in subsection (a) should include input from— (1) the Office of Terrorist Financing and Financial Crimes of the Department of the Treasury; (2) the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network of the Department of the Treasury; and (3) the Money Laundering and Asset Recovery Section of the Department of Justice. IV Determination of budgetary effects 401. Determination of budgetary effects The budgetary effects of this Act, for the purpose of complying with the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010, shall be determined by reference to the latest statement titled Budgetary Effects of PAYGO Legislation for this Act, submitted for printing in the Congressional Record by the Chairman of the House Budget Committee, provided that such statement has been submitted prior to the vote on passage.

Passed the House of Representatives November 18, 2020. Cheryl L. Johnson, Clerk.

tv_txt: IIB 116th CONGRESS 2d Session H. R. 4644 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES November 30, 2020 Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations AN ACT To clarify United States policy toward Libya, advance a diplomatic solution to the conflict in Libya, and support the people of Libya.

1. Short title; table of contents (a) Short title This Act may be cited as the Libya Stabilization Act . (b) Table of contents The table of contents for this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Sec. 2. Findings; statement of policy. Title I—Identifying challenges to stability in Libya Sec. 101. Report on activities of certain foreign governments and actors in Libya. Sec. 102. Report of Russian activities and objectives in Libya. Sec. 103. Determination of sanctionable activities of the Libyan National Army with respect to Syria. Title II—Actions to address foreign intervention in Libya Sec. 201. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons leading, directing, or supporting certain foreign government involvement in Libya. Sec. 202. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons threatening the peace or stability of Libya. Sec. 203. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons who are responsible for or complicit in gross violations of internationally recognized human rights committed in Libya. Sec. 204. Sanctions described. Sec. 205. Waiver. Sec. 206. Implementation and regulatory authority. Sec. 207. Exception relating to importation of goods. Sec. 208. Definitions. Sec. 209. Suspension of sanctions. Sec. 210. Sunset. Title III—Assistance for Libya Sec. 301. Humanitarian relief for the people of Libya and international refugees and migrants in Libya. Sec. 302. Support for democratic governance, elections, and civil society. Sec. 303. Engaging international financial institutions to advance Libyan economic recovery and improve public sector financial management. Sec. 304. Recovering assets stolen from the Libyan people. Title IV—Determination of budgetary effects Sec. 401. Determination of budgetary effects. 2. Findings; statement of policy (a) Findings Congress makes the following findings: (1) The stability and territorial unity of Libya is critical to the security of the United States, Europe, North Africa, and the Sahel, as well as maritime routes in the southern Mediterranean Sea. (2) United States Africa Command (AFRICOM) identifies containing instability in Libya as one of its six main lines of effort in Africa and works to support diplomatic efforts to reconstitute the Libyan State and to disrupt terrorist organizations that impede that process or threaten United States interests. (3) According to the Defense Intelligence Agency, the Islamic State in Libya (ISIS-Libya) is degraded . However, Secretary of Defense Mark Esper said in November 2019 that there is a continued need for lethal operations to keep ISIS-Libya in a degraded state. (4) On April 4, 2019, Khalifa Haftar, the commander of the Libyan National Army (LNA) ordered forces loyal to him to begin a unilateral military operation to take control of Tripoli, the capital of Libya and seat of the Government of National Accord (GNA), an interim body that emerged from previous United Nations-backed negotiations which the United States Government and the United Nations Security Council have recognized since 2015. (5) Both the LNA, the GNA, and their associated forces have failed to observe their obligations under international humanitarian law, increased the geographic scope of the conflict, ignored calls for de-escalation and a ceasefire, recruited foreign mercenaries, and intensified ground and air campaigns using heavy weapons, aircraft, and reportedly using armed drones provided by foreign powers. (6) According to then-United Nations Special Representative and Head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL), Ghassan Salamé, weapons provided by foreign powers to the warring parties in violation of the United Nations arms embargo are being sold to or captured by terrorist groups active in Libya. (7) According to the United Nations, since the LNA offensive began in April 2019, the conflict in Libya has led to the deaths of more than 2,200 people and the displacement of more than 150,000 people. (8) All sides of the conflict have requisitioned the houses of civilians, targeted medical facilities, and inhibited humanitarian access to food, health, and other life-saving services, worsening humanitarian conditions. (9) More than 2,200 refugees and migrants are detained in detention facilities in Libya with serious risks of torture, starvation, sexual abuse, and death. On July 2, 2019, an airstrike against the Tajura Detention Center killed 53 and wounded 130 people trapped in the center. The United Nations has called for the immediate release, evacuation, and protection of refugees and migrants detained in conflict zones. (10) The Department of State’s 2020 Trafficking in Persons Report states with regard to Libya, Trafficking victims—including men, women, and children—are highly vulnerable to extreme violence and other human rights violations in Libya by governmental and non-state armed groups, including: physical, sexual, and verbal assault; abduction for ransom; extortion; arbitrary killings; inhumane detention; and child soldiering…Migrants in Libya are extremely vulnerable to sex and labor trafficking [and …] are vulnerable to exploitation by state and non-state actors, including employers who refuse to pay laborers’ wages. . (11) In November 2019, the GNA and the Government of Turkey signed a Memorandum of Understanding on maritime boundaries in the Mediterranean Sea. (12) According to a July 2020 Department of Defense Inspector General report, the Wagner Group, a Russian private military company, has deployed as many as 2,500 mercenary forces, including some Syrian fighters, advanced equipment, and advanced capabilities to support the LNA and Russian objectives in North Africa. (13) According to a July 2020 Department of Defense Inspector General report, Turkey’s president acknowledged that his country sent many Syrian militants to Libya to support the Government of National Accord (GNA)….USAFRICOM estimated that 3,500 Syrian mercenaries were in Libya supporting the GNA as of the end of March. Citing press reports, USAFRICOM stated that an additional 300 Turkish-supported Syrian opposition fighters arrived in Libya in early April. . (14) In January 2020, LNA-aligned forces shut down oil production in eastern Libya, which according to the United Nations threatens devastating consequences for the Libyan people and for the country’s economic and financial situation. (15) On January 19, 2020, at a peace conference in Berlin, representatives of the Governments of Algeria, China, Egypt, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, Turkey, the Republic of Congo, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and the United States, as well as regional and multilateral organizations, agreed to refrain from interference in Libya’s internal affairs, abide by the United Nations arms embargo, and advance a 55-point communique to resolve the conflict in Libya. (16) On January 30, 2020, then-United Nations Special Representative Salamé asserted, the warring parties have continued to receive advanced equipment, fighters, and advisors from foreign states, in violation of the UN arms embargo and pledges made by representatives of these countries in Berlin . (17) On February 12, 2020, the United States Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs testified before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, The task of bringing the Libyans back to the negotiating table has been complicated by the involvement of external actors. Libya is not the place for Russian mercenaries, or fighters from Syria, Chad, and Sudan. It is not the place for the Emiratis, Russians, or Turks to be fighting battles on the ground through intermediaries they sponsor or support with sophisticated and deadly equipment in pursuit of their own agendas. . (18) On February 13, 2020, the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 2510, which endorses the Conclusions of the International Conference on Libya held in Berlin, affirms the need for a lasting ceasefire, demands full compliance by all member states with the United Nations arms embargo, and expresses unequivocal support for the United Nations Special Representative and the ongoing UNSMIL-facilitated intra-Libyan dialogue. (b) Statement of policy It is the policy of the United States— (1) to advance a peaceful resolution to the conflict in Libya through a political process as the best way to secure United States interests, ensure a stable and unified Libya, reduce the threat of terrorism, and provide peace and opportunity to the Libyan people; (2) to support the implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1970 (2011) and 1973 (2011), which established an arms embargo on Libya, and subsequent resolutions modifying and extending the embargo; (3) to enforce Executive Order 13726 (81 Fed. Reg. 23559; relating to blocking property and suspending entry into the United States of persons contributing to the situation in Libya (April 19, 2016)), designed to target individuals or entities who threaten the peace, security, and stability of Libya ; (4) to oppose attacks on civilians, medical workers, and critical infrastructure, including water supplies, in Libya, and to support accountability for those engaged in such heinous actions; (5) to support Libya’s sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity, and national unity consistent with United Nations Security Council Resolution 2510 (2020) and all predecessor resolutions with respect to Libya, including by— (A) taking action to end the violence and flow of arms; (B) rejecting attempts by any party to illicitly export Libya’s oil; and (C) urging Libyan parties to eject foreign military and mercenary forces; (6) to leverage diplomatic relations to convince the parties to the conflict in Libya to immediately de-escalate and halt their current fighting and persuade foreign powers to stop providing personnel, including mercenaries, weapons, and financing that exacerbate the conflict; (7) to support building on the Libyan Political Agreement as a viable framework for the political solution in Libya and to urge all Libyan parties to resume the inclusive Libyan-led and Libyan-owned political process under the auspices of UNSMIL; (8) to support a negotiated and peaceful political solution that includes a single, unified, inclusive, and effective Libyan Government approved by the Libyan House of Representatives, the end of a transitional period achieved through free, fair, inclusive, and credible elections, a fair and transparent allocation of resources, interim security arrangements, and a process for the reunification of Libyan government ministries and Libyan sovereign institutions, including the Central Bank of Libya, the National Oil Corporation, and the Libyan Investment Authority; (9) to support constant, unimpeded, and reliable humanitarian access to those in need and to hold accountable those who impede or threaten the delivery of humanitarian assistance; (10) to seek to bring an end to trafficking in persons such as slavery, forced labor, and sexual exploitation, including with respect to migrants; (11) to advocate for the immediate release and safe evacuations of detained refugees and migrants trapped by the fighting in Libya; (12) to encourage implementation of UNSMIL’s plan for the organized and gradual closure of migrant detention centers in Libya; (13) to support current and future democratic and economic development; and (14) to discourage all parties from heightening tensions in the region, through unhelpful and provocative actions. I Identifying challenges to stability in Libya 101. Report on activities of certain foreign governments and actors in Libya (a) In general Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that includes— (1) a description of the full extent of involvement in Libya by foreign governments, including the Governments of Russia, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Sudan, Chad, China, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar, including— (A) a description of which governments are linked to drone and aircraft strikes; (B) a list of the types and estimated amounts of equipment transferred by each government described in this paragraph to the parties to the conflict, including foreign military contractors, mercenaries, or paramilitary forces operating in Libya; and (C) an estimate of the financial support provided by each government described in this paragraph to the parties to the conflict, including foreign military contractors, mercenaries, or paramilitary forces operating in Libya; (2) an analysis and determination of whether the actions by the governments described in paragraph (1) violate the arms embargo with respect to Libya under United Nations Security Council Resolution 2473 (2019) and other relevant Security Council resolutions; (3) a list of the specific offending materiel or financial support transfers provided by a government described in paragraph (1) that violate the arms embargo with respect to Libya under United Nations Security Council Resolution 2473 (2019) and other relevant Security Council resolutions; (4) a description of the activities of each foreign armed group, including the Russian Wagner Group, Turkish military contractors and mercenaries, affiliates of ISIS, al-Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), and Ansar al-Sharia, in Libya; (5) a description of European Union and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) efforts to enforce the United Nations arms embargo and facilitate a ceasefire; (6) a description of any violations of the arms embargo by European Union member states; and (7) a description of United States diplomatic engagement with the European Union and NATO regarding enforcement of the United Nations arms embargo. (b) Form The report required by subsection (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified annex. (c) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this section, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 102. Report of Russian activities and objectives in Libya (a) Findings Congress makes the following findings: (1) General Stephen Townsend, Commander of United States Africa Command (AFRICOM), warned in January 2020 that in Libya, Russia seeks to demonstrate itself as an alternative partner to the West and seeks to position itself alongside the southern flank of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). (2) AFRICOM has also stated that the Russian military presence in Libya threatens future United States military partnerships and counterterrorism cooperation by impeding United States access to Libya. (3) In May 2020, AFRICOM reported that the Government of Russia deployed 14 MiG-29 and Su-24 aircraft to Libya to support Russian state-sponsored private military contractors, including the Wagner Group. (b) Report (1) Report Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that contains an assessment of Russian activities and objectives in Libya, including— (A) the potential threat such activities pose to the United States, southern Europe, NATO, and partners in the Mediterranean Sea and North African region; (B) the direct role of Russia in Libyan financial affairs, to include issuing and printing currency; and (C) Russia’s use of mercenaries, military contractors, equipment, and paramilitary forces in Libya. (2) Form The report required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified annex. (3) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this subsection, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate. 103. Determination of sanctionable activities of the Libyan National Army with respect to Syria Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a list of members of the Libyan National Army (LNA), and details of their activities, that the President determines are knowingly responsible for sanctionable offenses pursuant to— (1) section 7412 of the Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Act of 2019 ( 22 U.S.C. 8791 note; 133 Stat. 2292); or (2) Executive Order 13582 (76 Fed. Reg. 52209; relating to blocking property of the Government of Syria and prohibiting certain transactions with respect to Syria (August 17, 2011)). II Actions to address foreign intervention in Libya 201. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons leading, directing, or supporting certain foreign government involvement in Libya (a) In general Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall impose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with respect to each foreign person that the President determines knowingly engages in an activity described in subsection (b). (b) Activities described A foreign person engages in an activity described in this subsection if the person leads, directs, or provides significant financial, material, or technological support to, or knowingly engages in a significant transaction with, a non-Libyan foreign person that is— (1) in Libya in a military or commercial capacity as a military contractor, mercenary, or part of a paramilitary force; and (2) engaged in significant actions that threaten the peace, security, or stability of Libya. 202. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons threatening the peace or stability of Libya (a) Imposition of sanctions The President shall impose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with respect to each foreign person on the list required by subsection (b). (b) List Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of— (1) foreign persons, including senior government officials, militia leaders, paramilitary leaders, and other persons who provide significant support to militia or paramilitary groups in Libya, that the President determines are knowingly— (A) engaged in significant actions or policies that threaten the peace, security, or stability of Libya, including any supply of arms or related materiel in violation of a United Nations Security Council resolution with respect to Libya; (B) engaged in significant actions or policies that obstruct, undermine, delay, or impede, or pose a significant risk of obstructing, undermining, delaying, or impeding the United Nations-mediated political process that seeks a negotiated and peaceful solution to the Libyan crisis; (C) engaged in significant actions that may lead to or result in the misappropriation of significant state assets of Libya; (D) involved in, or has been involved in, the significant illicit exploitation of crude oil or any other natural resources in Libya, including the significant illicit production, refining, brokering, sale, purchase, or export of Libyan oil; (E) significantly threatening or coercing Libyan state financial institutions or the Libyan National Oil Company; or (F) significantly responsible for actions or policies that are intended to undermine efforts to promote stabilization and economic recovery in Libya; (2) foreign persons that the President determines are successor entities to persons referred to in subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1); and (3) foreign persons that the President determines— (A) own or control, or are owned or controlled by, a person referred to in any of subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2); and (B) have provided, or attempted to provide, significant financial, material, technological, or other support for, or goods or services in support of, a person referred to in any of subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) for purposes of engaging in any activity listed in such subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1). (4) Updates of list The President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an updated list under paragraph (1)— (A) not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter for a period of 5 years; or (B) as new information becomes available. (5) Form The list required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex. 203. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons who are responsible for or complicit in gross violations of internationally recognized human rights committed in Libya (a) Imposition of sanctions The President shall impose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with respect to each foreign person on the list required by subsection (b). (b) List of persons (1) In general Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of foreign persons, including senior government officials, militia leaders, paramilitary leaders, and other persons who provide significant support to militia or paramilitary groups in Libya, that the President determines are knowingly responsible for or complicit in, or have directly or indirectly engaged in, gross violations of internationally recognized human rights committed in Libya. (2) Updates of list The President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an updated list under paragraph (1)— (A) not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter for a period of 5 years; or (B) as new information becomes available. (3) Form The list required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex. 204. Sanctions described (a) Sanctions described The sanctions to be imposed with respect to a foreign person under section 201, 202, or 203 are the following: (1) Blocking of property The President shall exercise all of the powers granted to the President by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (except that the requirements of section 202 of such Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 ) shall not apply) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in property and interests in property of the person if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or are or come within the possession or control of a United States person. (2) Inadmissibility of certain individuals (A) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or parole A foreign person who meets any of the criteria described section 201, 202, or 203 is— (i) inadmissible to the United States; (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other documentation to enter the United States; and (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into the United States or to receive any other benefit under the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.). (B) Current visas revoked A foreign person subject to section 201, 202, or 203 is subject to the following: (i) Revocation of any visa or other entry documentation regardless of when the visa or other entry documentation is or was issued. (ii) A revocation under clause (i) shall— (I) take effect immediately; and (II) automatically cancel any other valid visa or entry documentation that is in the foreign person’s possession. (b) Penalties The penalties provided for in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1705 ) shall apply to a person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of regulations promulgated under section 306(2) to carry out subsection (a)(1) to the same extent that such penalties apply to a person that commits an unlawful act described in section 206(a) of that Act. (c) Exception Sanctions under subsection (a)(2) shall not apply to an alien if admitting or paroling the alien into the United States is necessary to permit the United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United States, or other applicable international obligations of the United States. (d) Exception to comply with national security The following activities shall be exempt from sanctions under this section: (1) Activities subject to the reporting requirements under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 ( 50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.). (2) Any authorized intelligence or law enforcement activities of the United States. 205. Waiver The President may waive the application of sanctions imposed on a foreign person under this title if the President— (1) determines that such a waiver is in the national interest of the United States; and (2) not later than the date on which such waiver will take effect, submits to the appropriate congressional committees a notice of and justification for such waiver. 206. Implementation and regulatory authority The President— (1) is authorized to exercise all authorities provided to the President under sections 203 and 205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this title; and (2) shall issue such regulations, licenses, and orders as are necessary to carry out this title. 207. Exception relating to importation of goods (a) In general The authorities and requirements to impose sanctions under this title shall not include the authority or requirement to impose sanctions on the importation of goods. (b) Good defined In this section, the term good means any article, natural or man-made substance, material, supply or manufactured product, including inspection and test equipment and excluding technical data. 208. Definitions In this title: (1) Appropriate congressional committees The term appropriate congressional committees means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate. (2) Admitted; alien The terms admitted and alien have the meanings given those terms in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1101 ). (3) Foreign person The term foreign person means an individual or entity that is not a United States person. (4) Foreign government The term foreign government means any government of a country other than the United States. (5) Knowingly The term knowingly with respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the result. (6) United states person The term United States person means— (A) an individual who is a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence to the United States; or (B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States or any jurisdiction within the United States, including a foreign branch of such an entity; or (C) any person in the United States. (7) Gross violations of internationally recognized human rights The term gross violations of internationally recognized human rights has the meaning given such term in section 502B(d)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2304(d)(1) ). 209. Suspension of sanctions (a) In general The President may suspend in whole or in part the imposition of sanctions otherwise required under this title for periods not to exceed 90 days if the President determines that the parties to the conflict in Libya have agreed to and are upholding a sustainable, good-faith ceasefire in support of a lasting political solution in Libya. (b) Notification required Not later than 30 days after the date on which the President makes a determination to suspend the imposition of sanctions as described in subsection (a), the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a notification of the determination. (c) Reimposition of sanctions Any sanctions suspended under subsection (a) shall be reimposed if the President determines that the criteria described in that subsection are no longer being met. 210. Sunset The requirement to impose sanctions under this title shall cease to be effective on December 31, 2024. III Assistance for Libya 301. Humanitarian relief for the people of Libya and international refugees and migrants in Libya (a) Sense of congress It is the sense of Congress that— (1) the United States Government should— (A) continue efforts to address Libya’s humanitarian crisis; (B) leverage diplomatic relations with the warring parties to guarantee constant, reliable humanitarian access by frontline providers in Libya; (C) leverage diplomatic relations with the warring parties, the United Nations, and the European Union to encourage the voluntary safe passage of detained vulnerable migrants and refugees from the conflict zones in Libya; and (D) support efforts to document and publicize gross violations of internationally recognized human rights and international humanitarian law, including efforts related to trafficking in persons such as slavery, forced labor, and sexual exploitation, and hold perpetrators accountable; and (2) humanitarian assistance to address the crisis in Libya should be targeted toward those most in need and delivered through partners that uphold internationally recognized humanitarian principles, with robust monitoring to ensure assistance is reaching intended beneficiaries. (b) Assistance authorized The Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, in coordination with the Secretary of State, should continue to support humanitarian assistance to individuals and communities in Libya, including— (1) health assistance, including logistical and technical assistance to hospitals, ambulances, and health clinics in affected communities, including migrant communities, and provision of basic public health commodities; (2) services, such as medicines and medical supplies and equipment; (3) assistance to provide— (A) protection, food, and shelter, including to migrant communities; and (B) water, sanitation, and hygiene (commonly referred to as WASH ); and (4) technical assistance to ensure health, food, and commodities are appropriately selected, procured, targeted, monitored, and distributed. (c) Strategy Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a strategy on the following: (1) How the United States, working with relevant foreign governments and multilateral organizations, plans to address the humanitarian situation in Libya. (2) Diplomatic efforts by the United States to encourage strategic burden-sharing with international donors, including foreign governments and multilateral organizations on efforts to improve the humanitarian situation in Libya. (3) How to address humanitarian access challenges and ensure protection for vulnerable refugees and migrants, including protection from trafficking in persons such as slavery, forced labor, and sexual exploitation. (4) How the United States is mitigating risk, utilizing third party monitors, and ensuring effective delivery of assistance. (d) Diplomatic engagement The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, should work with relevant foreign governments and multilateral organizations to coordinate a high-level summit with respect to Libya in order to— (1) advance a ceasefire; (2) facilitate a political process to achieve such a ceasefire; and (3) coordinate donations to advance the provision of humanitarian assistance to the people of Libya and international migrants and refugees in Libya in order to carry out the strategy required by subsection (c). (e) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this section, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. 302. Support for democratic governance, elections, and civil society (a) In general The Secretary of State shall coordinate United States Government efforts to— (1) support efforts to resolve the current civil conflict in Libya; (2) work to help the people of Libya and a future Libyan government develop functioning, unified Libyan economic, security, and governing institutions; (3) work to ensure free, fair, inclusive, and credible elections organized by an independent and effective High National Elections Commission in Libya, including through supporting electoral security and international election observation and by providing training and technical assistance to institutions with election-related responsibilities, as appropriate; (4) work with the people of Libya, nongovernmental organizations, and Libyan institutions to strengthen democratic governance, reinforce civilian institutions and support decentralization in order to address community grievances, promote social cohesion, mitigate drivers of violent extremism, and help communities recover from Islamic State occupation; (5) defend against gross violations of internationally recognized human rights in Libya, including by supporting efforts to document such violations; (6) to combat corruption and improve the transparency and accountability of Libyan government institutions; and (7) to support the efforts of independent media outlets to broadcast, distribute, and share information with the Libyan people. (b) Risk mitigation and assistance monitoring The Secretary of State and Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development shall ensure that appropriate steps are taken to mitigate risk of diversion of assistance for Libya and ensure reliable third-party monitoring is utilized for projects in Libya that United States Government personnel are unable to access and monitor. (c) Report (1) In general Not later than 180 days after enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the activities carried out under subsection (a). (2) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this subsection, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. (d) Authorization of appropriations (1) In general There are authorized to be appropriated $23,000,000 for fiscal year 2021 to carry out subsection (a). (2) Notification requirements Any expenditure of amounts made available to carry out subsection (a) shall be subject to the notification requirements applicable to— (A) expenditures from the Economic Support Fund under section 531(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2346(c) ); and (B) expenditures from the Development Assistance Fund under section 653(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2413(a) ). 303. Engaging international financial institutions to advance Libyan economic recovery and improve public sector financial management (a) In general The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States Executive Director at each international financial institution to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States to support, in a way that is consistent with broader United States national interests, a Libyan-led process to develop a framework for the economic recovery of Libya and improved public sector financial management, complementary to United Nations-led peace efforts and in support of the future establishment of a sovereign state with democratic institutions and the rule of law in Libya. (b) Additional elements To the extent consistent with broader United States national interests, the framework described in subsection (a) shall include the following policy proposals: (1) To restore, respect, and safeguard the integrity, unity, and lawful governance of Libya’s key economic ministries and institutions, in particular the Central Bank of Libya, the Libya Investment Authority, the National Oil Corporation, and the Audit Bureau (AB). (2) To improve the accountability and effectiveness of Libyan authorities, including sovereign economic institutions, in providing services and opportunity to the Libyan people. (3) To assist in improving public financial management and reconciling the public accounts of national financial institutions and letters of credit issued by private Libyan financial institutions as needed pursuant to a political process. (4) To restore the production, efficient management, and development of Libya’s oil and gas industries so such industries are resilient against malign foreign influence and can generate prosperity on behalf of the Libyan people. (5) To promote the development of private sector enterprise. (6) To improve the transparency and accountability of public sector employment and wage distribution. (7) To strengthen supervision of and reform of Libyan financial institutions. (8) To eliminate exploitation of price controls and market distorting subsidies in the Libyan economy. (9) To support opportunities for United States businesses. (c) Consultation In supporting the framework described in subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States Executive Director at each international financial institution to encourage the institution to consult with relevant stakeholders in the financial, governance, and energy sectors. (d) Definition of international financial institution In this section, the term international financial institution means the International Monetary Fund, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Development Association, International Finance Corporation, Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, African Development Bank, African Development Fund, Asian Development Bank, Inter-American Development Bank, Bank for Economic Cooperation and Development in the Middle East and North Africa, and Inter-American Investment Corporation. (e) Termination The requirements of this section shall cease to be effective on December 31, 2024. 304. Recovering assets stolen from the Libyan people (a) Sense of congress It is the sense of Congress that the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the Attorney General should, to the extent practicable, advance a coordinated international effort— (1) to carry out special financial investigations to identify and track assets taken from the people and institutions of Libya through theft, corruption, money laundering, or other illicit means; and (2) to work with foreign governments— (A) to share financial investigations intelligence, as appropriate; (B) to oversee the assets identified pursuant to paragraph (1); and (C) to provide technical assistance to help governments establish the necessary legal framework to carry out asset forfeitures. (b) Additional elements The coordinated international effort described in subsection (a) should include input from— (1) the Office of Terrorist Financing and Financial Crimes of the Department of the Treasury; (2) the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network of the Department of the Treasury; and (3) the Money Laundering and Asset Recovery Section of the Department of Justice. IV Determination of budgetary effects 401. Determination of budgetary effects The budgetary effects of this Act, for the purpose of complying with the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010, shall be determined by reference to the latest statement titled Budgetary Effects of PAYGO Legislation for this Act, submitted for printing in the Congressional Record by the Chairman of the House Budget Committee, provided that such statement has been submitted prior to the vote on passage.

Passed the House of Representatives November 18, 2020. Cheryl L. Johnson, Clerk

tv_txt: IB Union Calendar No. 491 116th CONGRESS 2d Session H. R. 4644 [Report No. 116–594, Part I] IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES October 11, 2019 Mr. Deutch (for himself, Mr. Wilson of South Carolina , Mr. Ted Lieu of California , and Mr. Malinowski ) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs , and in addition to the Committees on the Judiciary , and Financial Services , for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned November 17, 2020 Additional sponsors: Mr. Allred , Mr. Kinzinger , Mr. Gonzalez of Texas , Mr. Reschenthaler , Mr. Trone , Mr. Cicilline , Mr. Vela , Mr. Wenstrup , Mr. Sires , Mr. Sherman , and Mr. Taylor November 17, 2020 Reported from the Committee on Foreign Affairs with an amendment Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic November 17, 2020 Committees on the Judiciary and Financial Services discharged; committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on October 11, 2019 A BILL To clarify United States policy toward Libya, advance a diplomatic solution to the conflict in Libya, and support the people of Libya.

1. Short title; table of contents (a) Short title This Act may be cited as the Libya Stabilization Act . (b) Table of contents The table of contents for this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Sec. 2. Findings; statement of policy. Title I—Identifying challenges to stability in Libya Sec. 101. Report on activities of certain foreign governments and actors in Libya. Sec. 102. Report of Russian activities and objectives in Libya. Sec. 103. Determination of sanctionable activities of the Libyan National Army with respect to Syria. Title II—Actions to address foreign intervention in Libya Sec. 201. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons leading, directing, or supporting certain foreign government involvement in Libya. Sec. 202. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons threatening the peace or stability of Libya. Sec. 203. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons who are responsible for or complicit in gross violations of internationally recognized human rights committed in Libya. Sec. 204. Sanctions described. Sec. 205. Waiver. Sec. 206. Implementation and regulatory authority. Sec. 207. Exception relating to importation of goods. Sec. 208. Definitions. Sec. 209. Suspension of sanctions. Sec. 210. Sunset. Title III—Assistance for Libya Sec. 301. Humanitarian relief for the people of Libya and international refugees and migrants in Libya. Sec. 302. Support for democratic governance, elections, and civil society. Sec. 303. Engaging international financial institutions to advance Libyan economic recovery and improve public sector financial management. Sec. 304. Recovering assets stolen from the Libyan people. 2. Findings; statement of policy (a) Findings Congress makes the following findings: (1) The stability and territorial unity of Libya is critical to the security of the United States, Europe, North Africa, and the Sahel, as well as maritime routes in the southern Mediterranean Sea. (2) United States Africa Command (AFRICOM) identifies containing instability in Libya as one of its six main lines of effort in Africa and works to support diplomatic efforts to reconstitute the Libyan State and to disrupt terrorist organizations that impede that process or threaten United States interests. (3) According to the Defense Intelligence Agency, the Islamic State in Libya (ISIS-Libya) is degraded . However, Secretary of Defense Mark Esper said in November 2019 that there is a continued need for lethal operations to keep ISIS-Libya in a degraded state. (4) On April 4, 2019, Khalifa Haftar, the commander of the Libyan National Army (LNA) ordered forces loyal to him to begin a unilateral military operation to take control of Tripoli, the capital of Libya and seat of the Government of National Accord (GNA), an interim body that emerged from previous United Nations-backed negotiations which the United States Government and the United Nations Security Council have recognized since 2015. (5) Both the LNA, the GNA, and their associated forces have failed to observe their obligations under international humanitarian law, increased the geographic scope of the conflict, ignored calls for de-escalation and a ceasefire, recruited foreign mercenaries, and intensified ground and air campaigns using heavy weapons, aircraft, and reportedly using armed drones provided by foreign powers. (6) According to then-United Nations Special Representative and Head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL), Ghassan Salamé, weapons provided by foreign powers to the warring parties in violation of the United Nations arms embargo are being sold to or captured by terrorist groups active in Libya. (7) According to the United Nations, since the LNA offensive began in April 2019, the conflict in Libya has led to the deaths of more than 2,200 people and the displacement of more than 150,000 people. (8) All sides of the conflict have requisitioned the houses of civilians, targeted medical facilities, and inhibited humanitarian access to food, health, and other life-saving services, worsening humanitarian conditions. (9) More than 2,200 refugees and migrants are detained in detention facilities in Libya with serious risks of torture, starvation, sexual abuse, and death. On July 2, 2019, an airstrike against the Tajura Detention Center killed 53 and wounded 130 people trapped in the center. The United Nations has called for the immediate release, evacuation, and protection of refugees and migrants detained in conflict zones. (10) The Department of State’s 2020 Trafficking in Persons Report states with regard to Libya, Trafficking victims—including men, women, and children—are highly vulnerable to extreme violence and other human rights violations in Libya by governmental and non-state armed groups, including: physical, sexual, and verbal assault; abduction for ransom; extortion; arbitrary killings; inhumane detention; and child soldiering…Migrants in Libya are extremely vulnerable to sex and labor trafficking [and …] are vulnerable to exploitation by state and non-state actors, including employers who refuse to pay laborers’ wages. . (11) In November 2019, the GNA and the Government of Turkey signed a Memorandum of Understanding on maritime boundaries in the Mediterranean Sea. (12) According to a July 2020 Department of Defense Inspector General report, the Wagner Group, a Russian private military company, has deployed as many as 2,500 mercenary forces, including some Syrian fighters, advanced equipment, and advanced capabilities to support the LNA and Russian objectives in North Africa. (13) According to a July 2020 Department of Defense Inspector General report, Turkey’s president acknowledged that his country sent many Syrian militants to Libya to support the Government of National Accord (GNA)….USAFRICOM estimated that 3,500 Syrian mercenaries were in Libya supporting the GNA as of the end of March. Citing press reports, USAFRICOM stated that an additional 300 Turkish-supported Syrian opposition fighters arrived in Libya in early April. . (14) In January 2020, LNA-aligned forces shut down oil production in eastern Libya, which according to the United Nations threatens devastating consequences for the Libyan people and for the country’s economic and financial situation. (15) On January 19, 2020, at a peace conference in Berlin, representatives of the Governments of Algeria, China, Egypt, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, Turkey, the Republic of Congo, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and the United States, as well as regional and multilateral organizations, agreed to refrain from interference in Libya’s internal affairs, abide by the United Nations arms embargo, and advance a 55-point communique to resolve the conflict in Libya. (16) On January 30, 2020, then-United Nations Special Representative Salamé asserted, the warring parties have continued to receive advanced equipment, fighters, and advisors from foreign states, in violation of the UN arms embargo and pledges made by representatives of these countries in Berlin . (17) On February 12, 2020, the United States Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs testified before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, The task of bringing the Libyans back to the negotiating table has been complicated by the involvement of external actors. Libya is not the place for Russian mercenaries, or fighters from Syria, Chad, and Sudan. It is not the place for the Emiratis, Russians, or Turks to be fighting battles on the ground through intermediaries they sponsor or support with sophisticated and deadly equipment in pursuit of their own agendas. . (18) On February 13, 2020, the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 2510, which endorses the Conclusions of the International Conference on Libya held in Berlin, affirms the need for a lasting ceasefire, demands full compliance by all member states with the United Nations arms embargo, and expresses unequivocal support for the United Nations Special Representative and the ongoing UNSMIL-facilitated intra-Libyan dialogue. (b) Statement of policy It is the policy of the United States— (1) to advance a peaceful resolution to the conflict in Libya through a political process as the best way to secure United States interests, ensure a stable and unified Libya, reduce the threat of terrorism, and provide peace and opportunity to the Libyan people; (2) to support the implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1970 (2011) and 1973 (2011), which established an arms embargo on Libya, and subsequent resolutions modifying and extending the embargo; (3) to enforce Executive Order 13726 (81 Fed. Reg. 23559; relating to blocking property and suspending entry into the United States of persons contributing to the situation in Libya (April 19, 2016)), designed to target individuals or entities who threaten the peace, security, and stability of Libya ; (4) to oppose attacks on civilians, medical workers, and critical infrastructure, including water supplies, in Libya, and to support accountability for those engaged in such heinous actions; (5) to support Libya’s sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity, and national unity consistent with United Nations Security Council Resolution 2510 (2020) and all predecessor resolutions with respect to Libya, including by— (A) taking action to end the violence and flow of arms; (B) rejecting attempts by any party to illicitly export Libya’s oil; and (C) urging Libyan parties to eject foreign military and mercenary forces; (6) to leverage diplomatic relations to convince the parties to the conflict in Libya to immediately de-escalate and halt their current fighting and persuade foreign powers to stop providing personnel, including mercenaries, weapons, and financing that exacerbate the conflict; (7) to support building on the Libyan Political Agreement as a viable framework for the political solution in Libya and to urge all Libyan parties to resume the inclusive Libyan-led and Libyan-owned political process under the auspices of UNSMIL; (8) to support a negotiated and peaceful political solution that includes a single, unified, inclusive, and effective Libyan Government approved by the Libyan House of Representatives, the end of a transitional period achieved through free, fair, inclusive, and credible elections, a fair and transparent allocation of resources, interim security arrangements, and a process for the reunification of Libyan government ministries and Libyan sovereign institutions, including the Central Bank of Libya, the National Oil Corporation, and the Libyan Investment Authority; (9) to support constant, unimpeded, and reliable humanitarian access to those in need and to hold accountable those who impede or threaten the delivery of humanitarian assistance; (10) to seek to bring an end to trafficking in persons such as slavery, forced labor, and sexual exploitation, including with respect to migrants; (11) to advocate for the immediate release and safe evacuations of detained refugees and migrants trapped by the fighting in Libya; (12) to encourage implementation of UNSMIL’s plan for the organized and gradual closure of migrant detention centers in Libya; (13) to support current and future democratic and economic development; and (14) to discourage all parties from heightening tensions in the region, through unhelpful and provocative actions. I Identifying challenges to stability in Libya 101. Report on activities of certain foreign governments and actors in Libya (a) In general Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that includes— (1) a description of the full extent of involvement in Libya by foreign governments, including the Governments of Russia, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Sudan, Chad, China, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar, including— (A) a description of which governments are linked to drone and aircraft strikes; (B) a list of the types and estimated amounts of equipment transferred by each government described in this paragraph to the parties to the conflict, including foreign military contractors, mercenaries, or paramilitary forces operating in Libya; and (C) an estimate of the financial support provided by each government described in this paragraph to the parties to the conflict, including foreign military contractors, mercenaries, or paramilitary forces operating in Libya; (2) an analysis and determination of whether the actions by the governments described in paragraph (1) violate the arms embargo with respect to Libya under United Nations Security Council Resolution 2473 (2019) and other relevant Security Council resolutions; (3) a list of the specific offending materiel or financial support transfers provided by a government described in paragraph (1) that violate the arms embargo with respect to Libya under United Nations Security Council Resolution 2473 (2019) and other relevant Security Council resolutions; (4) a description of the activities of each foreign armed group, including the Russian Wagner Group, Turkish military contractors and mercenaries, affiliates of ISIS, al-Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), and Ansar al-Sharia, in Libya; (5) a description of European Union and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) efforts to enforce the United Nations arms embargo and facilitate a ceasefire; (6) a description of any violations of the arms embargo by European Union member states; and (7) a description of United States diplomatic engagement with the European Union and NATO regarding enforcement of the United Nations arms embargo. (b) Form The report required by subsection (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified annex. (c) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this section, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 102. Report of Russian activities and objectives in Libya (a) Findings Congress makes the following findings: (1) General Stephen Townsend, Commander of United States Africa Command (AFRICOM), warned in January 2020 that in Libya, Russia seeks to demonstrate itself as an alternative partner to the West and seeks to position itself alongside the southern flank of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). (2) AFRICOM has also stated that the Russian military presence in Libya threatens future United States military partnerships and counterterrorism cooperation by impeding United States access to Libya. (3) In May 2020, AFRICOM reported that the Government of Russia deployed 14 MiG-29 and Su-24 aircraft to Libya to support Russian state-sponsored private military contractors, including the Wagner Group. (b) Report (1) Report Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that contains an assessment of Russian activities and objectives in Libya, including— (A) the potential threat such activities pose to the United States, southern Europe, NATO, and partners in the Mediterranean Sea and North African region; (B) the direct role of Russia in Libyan financial affairs, to include issuing and printing currency; and (C) Russia’s use of mercenaries, military contractors, equipment, and paramilitary forces in Libya. (2) Form The report required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified annex. (3) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this subsection, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate. 103. Determination of sanctionable activities of the Libyan National Army with respect to Syria Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a list of members of the Libyan National Army (LNA), and details of their activities, that the President determines are knowingly responsible for sanctionable offenses pursuant to— (1) section 7412 of the Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Act of 2019 ( 22 U.S.C. 8791 note; 133 Stat. 2292); or (2) Executive Order 13582 (76 Fed. Reg. 52209; relating to blocking property of the Government of Syria and prohibiting certain transactions with respect to Syria (August 17, 2011)). II Actions to address foreign intervention in Libya 201. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons leading, directing, or supporting certain foreign government involvement in Libya (a) In general Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall impose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with respect to each foreign person that the President determines knowingly engages in an activity described in subsection (b). (b) Activities described A foreign person engages in an activity described in this subsection if the person leads, directs, or provides significant financial, material, or technological support to, or knowingly engages in a significant transaction with, a non-Libyan foreign person that is— (1) in Libya in a military or commercial capacity as a military contractor, mercenary, or part of a paramilitary force; and (2) engaged in significant actions that threaten the peace, security, or stability of Libya. 202. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons threatening the peace or stability of Libya (a) Imposition of sanctions The President shall impose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with respect to each foreign person on the list required by subsection (b). (b) List Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of— (1) foreign persons, including senior government officials, militia leaders, paramilitary leaders, and other persons who provide significant support to militia or paramilitary groups in Libya, that the President determines are knowingly— (A) engaged in significant actions or policies that threaten the peace, security, or stability of Libya, including any supply of arms or related materiel in violation of a United Nations Security Council resolution with respect to Libya; (B) engaged in significant actions or policies that obstruct, undermine, delay, or impede, or pose a significant risk of obstructing, undermining, delaying, or impeding the United Nations-mediated political process that seeks a negotiated and peaceful solution to the Libyan crisis; (C) engaged in significant actions that may lead to or result in the misappropriation of significant state assets of Libya; (D) involved in, or has been involved in, the significant illicit exploitation of crude oil or any other natural resources in Libya, including the significant illicit production, refining, brokering, sale, purchase, or export of Libyan oil; (E) significantly threatening or coercing Libyan state financial institutions or the Libyan National Oil Company; or (F) significantly responsible for actions or policies that are intended to undermine efforts to promote stabilization and economic recovery in Libya; (2) foreign persons that the President determines are successor entities to persons referred to in subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1); and (3) foreign persons that the President determines— (A) own or control, or are owned or controlled by, a person referred to in any of subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2); and (B) have provided, or attempted to provide, significant financial, material, technological, or other support for, or goods or services in support of, a person referred to in any of subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) for purposes of engaging in any activity listed in such subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1). (c) Updates of list The President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an updated list under subsection (b)— (1) not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter for a period of 5 years; or (2) as new information becomes available. (d) Form The list required by subsection (b) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex. 203. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons who are responsible for or complicit in gross violations of internationally recognized human rights committed in Libya (a) Imposition of sanctions The President shall impose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with respect to each foreign person on the list required by subsection (b). (b) List of persons (1) In general Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of foreign persons, including senior government officials, militia leaders, paramilitary leaders, and other persons who provide significant support to militia or paramilitary groups in Libya, that the President determines are knowingly responsible for or complicit in, or have directly or indirectly engaged in, gross violations of internationally recognized human rights committed in Libya. (2) Updates of list The President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an updated list under paragraph (1)— (A) not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter for a period of 5 years; or (B) as new information becomes available. (3) Form The list required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex. 204. Sanctions described (a) Sanctions described The sanctions to be imposed with respect to a foreign person under section 201, 202, or 203 are the following: (1) Blocking of property The President shall exercise all of the powers granted to the President by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (except that the requirements of section 202 of such Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 ) shall not apply) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in property and interests in property of the person if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or are or come within the possession or control of a United States person. (2) Inadmissibility of certain individuals (A) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or parole A foreign person who meets any of the criteria described section 201, 202, or 203 is— (i) inadmissible to the United States; (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other documentation to enter the United States; and (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into the United States or to receive any other benefit under the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.). (B) Current visas revoked A foreign person subject to section 201, 202, or 203 is subject to the following: (i) Revocation of any visa or other entry documentation regardless of when the visa or other entry documentation is or was issued. (ii) A revocation under clause (i) shall— (I) take effect immediately; and (II) automatically cancel any other valid visa or entry documentation that is in the foreign person’s possession. (b) Penalties The penalties provided for in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1705 ) shall apply to a person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of regulations promulgated under section 306(2) to carry out subsection (a)(1) to the same extent that such penalties apply to a person that commits an unlawful act described in section 206(a) of that Act. (c) Exception Sanctions under subsection (a)(2) shall not apply to an alien if admitting or paroling the alien into the United States is necessary to permit the United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United States, or other applicable international obligations of the United States. (d) Exception to comply with national security The following activities shall be exempt from sanctions under this section: (1) Activities subject to the reporting requirements under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 ( 50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.). (2) Any authorized intelligence or law enforcement activities of the United States. 205. Waiver The President may waive the application of sanctions imposed on a foreign person under this title if the President— (1) determines that such a waiver is in the national interest of the United States; and (2) not later than the date on which such waiver will take effect, submits to the appropriate congressional committees a notice of and justification for such waiver. 206. Implementation and regulatory authority The President— (1) is authorized to exercise all authorities provided to the President under sections 203 and 205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this title; and (2) shall issue such regulations, licenses, and orders as are necessary to carry out this title. 207. Exception relating to importation of goods (a) In general The authorities and requirements to impose sanctions under this title shall not include the authority or requirement to impose sanctions on the importation of goods. (b) Good defined In this section, the term good means any article, natural or man-made substance, material, supply or manufactured product, including inspection and test equipment and excluding technical data. 208. Definitions In this title: (1) Appropriate congressional committees The term appropriate congressional committees means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate. (2) Admitted; alien The terms admitted and alien have the meanings given those terms in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1101 ). (3) Foreign person The term foreign person means an individual or entity that is not a United States person. (4) Foreign government The term foreign government means any government of a country other than the United States. (5) Knowingly The term knowingly with respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the result. (6) United states person The term United States person means— (A) an individual who is a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence to the United States; or (B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States or any jurisdiction within the United States, including a foreign branch of such an entity; or (C) any person in the United States. (7) Gross violations of internationally recognized human rights The term gross violations of internationally recognized human rights has the meaning given such term in section 502B(d)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2304(d)(1) ). 209. Suspension of sanctions (a) In general The President may suspend in whole or in part the imposition of sanctions otherwise required under this title for periods not to exceed 90 days if the President determines that the parties to the conflict in Libya have agreed to and are upholding a sustainable, good-faith ceasefire in support of a lasting political solution in Libya. (b) Notification required Not later than 30 days after the date on which the President makes a determination to suspend the imposition of sanctions as described in subsection (a), the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a notification of the determination. (c) Reimposition of sanctions Any sanctions suspended under subsection (a) shall be reimposed if the President determines that the criteria described in that subsection are no longer being met. 210. Sunset The requirement to impose sanctions under this title shall cease to be effective on December 31, 2024. III Assistance for Libya 301. Humanitarian relief for the people of Libya and international refugees and migrants in Libya (a) Sense of congress It is the sense of Congress that— (1) the United States Government should— (A) continue efforts to address Libya’s humanitarian crisis; (B) leverage diplomatic relations with the warring parties to guarantee constant, reliable humanitarian access by frontline providers in Libya; (C) leverage diplomatic relations with the warring parties, the United Nations, and the European Union to encourage the voluntary safe passage of detained vulnerable migrants and refugees from the conflict zones in Libya; and (D) support efforts to document and publicize gross violations of internationally recognized human rights and international humanitarian law, including efforts related to trafficking in persons such as slavery, forced labor, and sexual exploitation, and hold perpetrators accountable; and (2) humanitarian assistance to address the crisis in Libya should be targeted toward those most in need and delivered through partners that uphold internationally recognized humanitarian principles, with robust monitoring to ensure assistance is reaching intended beneficiaries. (b) Assistance authorized The Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, in coordination with the Secretary of State, should continue to support humanitarian assistance to individuals and communities in Libya, including— (1) health assistance, including logistical and technical assistance to hospitals, ambulances, and health clinics in affected communities, including migrant communities, and provision of basic public health commodities; (2) services, such as medicines and medical supplies and equipment; (3) assistance to provide— (A) protection, food, and shelter, including to migrant communities; and (B) water, sanitation, and hygiene (commonly referred to as WASH ); and (4) technical assistance to ensure health, food, and commodities are appropriately selected, procured, targeted, monitored, and distributed. (c) Strategy Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a strategy on the following: (1) How the United States, working with relevant foreign governments and multilateral organizations, plans to address the humanitarian situation in Libya. (2) Diplomatic efforts by the United States to encourage strategic burden-sharing with international donors, including foreign governments and multilateral organizations on efforts to improve the humanitarian situation in Libya. (3) How to address humanitarian access challenges and ensure protection for vulnerable refugees and migrants, including protection from trafficking in persons such as slavery, forced labor, and sexual exploitation. (4) How the United States is mitigating risk, utilizing third party monitors, and ensuring effective delivery of assistance. (d) Diplomatic engagement The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, should work with relevant foreign governments and multilateral organizations to coordinate a high-level summit with respect to Libya in order to— (1) advance a ceasefire; (2) facilitate a political process to achieve such a ceasefire; and (3) coordinate donations to advance the provision of humanitarian assistance to the people of Libya and international migrants and refugees in Libya in order to carry out the strategy required by subsection (c). (e) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this section, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. 302. Support for democratic governance, elections, and civil society (a) In general The Secretary of State shall coordinate United States Government efforts to— (1) support efforts to resolve the current civil conflict in Libya; (2) work to help the people of Libya and a future Libyan government develop functioning, unified Libyan economic, security, and governing institutions; (3) work to ensure free, fair, inclusive, and credible elections organized by an independent and effective High National Elections Commission in Libya, including through supporting electoral security and international election observation and by providing training and technical assistance to institutions with election-related responsibilities, as appropriate; (4) work with the people of Libya, nongovernmental organizations, and Libyan institutions to strengthen democratic governance, reinforce civilian institutions and support decentralization in order to address community grievances, promote social cohesion, mitigate drivers of violent extremism, and help communities recover from Islamic State occupation; (5) defend against gross violations of internationally recognized human rights in Libya, including by supporting efforts to document such violations; (6) to combat corruption and improve the transparency and accountability of Libyan government institutions; and (7) to support the efforts of independent media outlets to broadcast, distribute, and share information with the Libyan people. (b) Risk mitigation and assistance monitoring The Secretary of State and Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development shall ensure that appropriate steps are taken to mitigate risk of diversion of assistance for Libya and ensure reliable third-party monitoring is utilized for projects in Libya that United States Government personnel are unable to access and monitor. (c) Report (1) In general Not later than 180 days after enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the activities carried out under subsection (a). (2) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this subsection, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. (d) Authorization of appropriations (1) In general There are authorized to be appropriated $23,000,000 for fiscal year 2021 to carry out subsection (a). (2) Notification requirements Any expenditure of amounts made available to carry out subsection (a) shall be subject to the notification requirements applicable to— (A) expenditures from the Economic Support Fund under section 531(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2346(c) ); and (B) expenditures from the Development Assistance Fund under section 653(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2413(a) ). 303. Engaging international financial institutions to advance Libyan economic recovery and improve public sector financial management (a) In general The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States Executive Director at each international financial institution to use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States to support, in a way that is consistent with broader United States national interests, a Libyan-led process to develop a framework for the economic recovery of Libya and improved public sector financial management, complementary to United Nations-led peace efforts and in support of the future establishment of a sovereign state with democratic institutions and the rule of law in Libya. (b) Additional elements To the extent consistent with broader United States national interests, the framework described in subsection (a) shall include the following policy proposals: (1) To restore, respect, and safeguard the integrity, unity, and lawful governance of Libya’s key economic ministries and institutions, in particular the Central Bank of Libya, the Libya Investment Authority, the National Oil Corporation, and the Audit Bureau (AB). (2) To improve the accountability and effectiveness of Libyan authorities, including sovereign economic institutions, in providing services and opportunity to the Libyan people. (3) To assist in improving public financial management and reconciling the public accounts of national financial institutions and letters of credit issued by private Libyan financial institutions as needed pursuant to a political process. (4) To restore the production, efficient management, and development of Libya’s oil and gas industries so such industries are resilient against malign foreign influence and can generate prosperity on behalf of the Libyan people. (5) To promote the development of private sector enterprise. (6) To improve the transparency and accountability of public sector employment and wage distribution. (7) To strengthen supervision of and reform of Libyan financial institutions. (8) To eliminate exploitation of price controls and market distorting subsidies in the Libyan economy. (9) To support opportunities for United States businesses. (c) Consultation In supporting the framework described in subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States Executive Director at each international financial institution to encourage the institution to consult with relevant stakeholders in the financial, governance, and energy sectors. (d) Definition of international financial institution In this section, the term international financial institution means the International Monetary Fund, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Development Association, International Finance Corporation, Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, African Development Bank, African Development Fund, Asian Development Bank, Inter-American Development Bank, Bank for Economic Cooperation and Development in the Middle East and North Africa, and Inter-American Investment Corporation. (e) Termination The requirements of this section shall cease to be effective on December 31, 2024. 304. Recovering assets stolen from the Libyan people (a) Sense of congress It is the sense of Congress that the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the Attorney General should, to the extent practicable, advance a coordinated international effort— (1) to carry out special financial investigations to identify and track assets taken from the people and institutions of Libya through theft, corruption, money laundering, or other illicit means; and (2) to work with foreign governments— (A) to share financial investigations intelligence, as appropriate; (B) to oversee the assets identified pursuant to paragraph (1); and (C) to provide technical assistance to help governments establish the necessary legal framework to carry out asset forfeitures. (b) Additional elements The coordinated international effort described in subsection (a) should include input from— (1) the Office of Terrorist Financing and Financial Crimes of the Department of the Treasury; (2) the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network of the Department of the Treasury; and (3) the Money Laundering and Asset Recovery Section of the Department of Justice.

November 17, 2020 Reported from the Committee on Foreign Affairs with an amendment November 17, 2020 Committees on the Judiciary and Financial Services discharged; committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed