PRIVATE Act

Bill: 115-hr-2052
Sponsor: full_name: Rep. McSally, Martha [R-AZ-2]
Introduced: 2017-04-06
Policy area: Armed Forces and National Security
Subjects: Assault and harassment offenses

Broadcasting, cable, digital technologies

Military law

Photography and imaging

Right of privacy

Sex offenses
Latest action: action_date: 2017-05-25
text: Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Armed Services.

Summaries:
action_date: 2017-04-06
action_desc: Introduced in House
text: <p><strong>Protecting the Rights of IndiViduals Against Technological Exploitation Act or the PRIVATE Act</strong></p> <p>This bill amends the Uniform Code of Military Justice to prohibit a person from knowingly and wrongfully broadcasting or distributing an intimate visual image of a private area of another individual who is at least 18 years old, who is identifiable from the image or from information displayed in connection with the image, and who does not explicitly consent, if the person knows or reasonably should have known that: </p> <ul> <li> the image was made under circumstances in which the individual depicted retained a reasonable expectation of privacy regarding any broadcast or distribution of such image; and</li> <li> the broadcast or distribution of the intimate visual image is likely to cause harm, harassment, intimidation, emotional distress, or financial loss for the individual depicted or to harm substantially the depicted individual's health, safety, business, calling, career, financial condition, reputation, or personal relationships.</li> </ul> <p>The perpetrator of such offense is guilty of wrongful distribution of intimate visual images and shall by punished as a court-martial may direct.</p>

action_date: 2017-05-24
action_desc: Passed House without amendment
text: <p>(This measure has not been amended since it was introduced. The summary has been expanded because action occurred on the measure.)</p> <p><strong>Protecting the Rights of IndiViduals Against Technological Exploitation Act or the PRIVATE Act</strong></p> <p>(Sec. 2) This bill amends the Uniform Code of Military Justice to prohibit a person from knowingly and wrongfully broadcasting or distributing an intimate visual image of a private area of another individual who is at least 18 years old, who is identifiable from the image or from information displayed in connection with the image, and who does not explicitly consent, if the person knows or reasonably should have known that: </p> <ul> <li> the image was made under circumstances in which the individual depicted retained a reasonable expectation of privacy regarding any broadcast or distribution of such image; and</li> <li> the broadcast or distribution of the intimate visual image is likely to cause harm, harassment, intimidation, emotional distress, or financial loss for the individual depicted or to harm substantially the depicted individual's health, safety, business, calling, career, financial condition, reputation, or personal relationships.</li> </ul> <p>The perpetrator of such offense is guilty of wrongful distribution of intimate visual images and shall by punished as a court-martial may direct.</p>

tv_txt: I 115th CONGRESS 1st Session H. R. 2052 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES April 6, 2017 Ms. McSally (for herself, Ms. Stefanik , Mr. Jones , Mr. Russell , Mr. Knight , Mr. Bacon , Mrs. Comstock , Mrs. Mimi Walters of California , Ms. Speier , Ms. Tsongas , Mr. Turner , and Ms. Gabbard ) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Armed Services A BILL To amend the Uniform Code of Military Justice to prohibit the wrongful broadcast or distribution of intimate visual images.

1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Protecting the Rights of IndiViduals Against Technological Exploitation Act or the PRIVATE Act . 2. Prohibition on wrongful broadcast or distribution of intimate visual images (a) Prohibition Subchapter X of chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 917 (article 117 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice) the following new section (article): 917a. Art. 117a. Wrongful broadcast or distribution of intimate visual images (a) Prohibition Any person subject to this chapter who— (1) knowingly and wrongfully broadcasts or distributes an intimate visual image of a private area of another person who— (A) is at least 18 years of age at the time the intimate visual image was created; (B) is identifiable from the image itself or from information displayed in connection with the image; and (C) does not explicitly consent to the broadcast or distribution of the intimate visual image; (2) knows or reasonably should have known that the intimate visual image was made under circumstances in which the person depicted in the intimate visual image retained a reasonable expectation of privacy regarding any broadcast or distribution of the intimate visual image; and (3) knows or reasonably should have known that the broadcast or distribution of the intimate visual image is likely— (A) to cause harm, harassment, intimidation, emotional distress, or financial loss for the person depicted in the intimate visual image; or (B) to harm substantially the depicted person with respect to that person’s health, safety, business, calling, career, financial condition, reputation, or personal relationships, is guilty of wrongful distribution of intimate visual images and shall by punished as a court-martial may direct. (b) Definitions In this section (article): (1) Broadcast The term broadcast means to electronically transmit a visual image with the intent that it be viewed by a person or persons. (2) Distribute The term distribute means to deliver to the actual or constructive possession of another person, including transmission by mail or electronic means. (3) Intimate visual image The term intimate visual image means a photograph, video, film, or recording made by any means that depicts a private area of a person. (4) Private area The term private area means the naked or underwear-clad genitalia, anus, buttocks, or female areola or nipple. (5) Reasonable expectation of privacy The term reasonable expectation of privacy refers to circumstances in which a reasonable person would believe that an intimate visual image of a private area of the person would not be broadcast or distributed to another person. . (b) Clerical amendment The table of sections at the beginning of subchapter X of chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code (the Uniform Code of Military Justice), is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 917 (article 117) the following new item: 917a. 117a. Wrongful broadcast or distribution of intimate visual images. .

tv_txt: I 115th CONGRESS 1st Session H. R. 2052 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AN ACT To amend the Uniform Code of Military Justice to prohibit the wrongful broadcast or distribution of intimate visual images.

1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Protecting the Rights of IndiViduals Against Technological Exploitation Act or the PRIVATE Act . 2. Prohibition on wrongful broadcast or distribution of intimate visual images (a) Prohibition Subchapter X of chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 917 (article 117 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice) the following new section (article): 917a. Art. 117a. Wrongful broadcast or distribution of intimate visual images (a) Prohibition Any person subject to this chapter who— (1) knowingly and wrongfully broadcasts or distributes an intimate visual image of a private area of another person who— (A) is at least 18 years of age at the time the intimate visual image was created; (B) is identifiable from the image itself or from information displayed in connection with the image; and (C) does not explicitly consent to the broadcast or distribution of the intimate visual image; (2) knows or reasonably should have known that the intimate visual image was made under circumstances in which the person depicted in the intimate visual image retained a reasonable expectation of privacy regarding any broadcast or distribution of the intimate visual image; and (3) knows or reasonably should have known that the broadcast or distribution of the intimate visual image is likely— (A) to cause harm, harassment, intimidation, emotional distress, or financial loss for the person depicted in the intimate visual image; or (B) to harm substantially the depicted person with respect to that person’s health, safety, business, calling, career, financial condition, reputation, or personal relationships, is guilty of wrongful distribution of intimate visual images and shall by punished as a court-martial may direct. (b) Definitions In this section (article): (1) Broadcast The term broadcast means to electronically transmit a visual image with the intent that it be viewed by a person or persons. (2) Distribute The term distribute means to deliver to the actual or constructive possession of another person, including transmission by mail or electronic means. (3) Intimate visual image The term intimate visual image means a photograph, video, film, or recording made by any means that depicts a private area of a person. (4) Private area The term private area means the naked or underwear-clad genitalia, anus, buttocks, or female areola or nipple. (5) Reasonable expectation of privacy The term reasonable expectation of privacy refers to circumstances in which a reasonable person would believe that an intimate visual image of a private area of the person would not be broadcast or distributed to another person. . (b) Clerical amendment The table of sections at the beginning of subchapter X of chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code (the Uniform Code of Military Justice), is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 917 (article 117) the following new item: 917a. 117a. Wrongful broadcast or distribution of intimate visual images. .

Passed the House of Representatives May 24, 2017. Karen L. Haas, Clerk.

tv_txt: IIB 115th CONGRESS 1st Session H. R. 2052 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES May 25, 2017 Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Armed Services AN ACT To amend the Uniform Code of Military Justice to prohibit the wrongful broadcast or distribution of intimate visual images.

1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Protecting the Rights of IndiViduals Against Technological Exploitation Act or the PRIVATE Act . 2. Prohibition on wrongful broadcast or distribution of intimate visual images (a) Prohibition Subchapter X of chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 917 (article 117 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice) the following new section (article): 917a. Art. 117a. Wrongful broadcast or distribution of intimate visual images (a) Prohibition Any person subject to this chapter who— (1) knowingly and wrongfully broadcasts or distributes an intimate visual image of a private area of another person who— (A) is at least 18 years of age at the time the intimate visual image was created; (B) is identifiable from the image itself or from information displayed in connection with the image; and (C) does not explicitly consent to the broadcast or distribution of the intimate visual image; (2) knows or reasonably should have known that the intimate visual image was made under circumstances in which the person depicted in the intimate visual image retained a reasonable expectation of privacy regarding any broadcast or distribution of the intimate visual image; and (3) knows or reasonably should have known that the broadcast or distribution of the intimate visual image is likely— (A) to cause harm, harassment, intimidation, emotional distress, or financial loss for the person depicted in the intimate visual image; or (B) to harm substantially the depicted person with respect to that person’s health, safety, business, calling, career, financial condition, reputation, or personal relationships, is guilty of wrongful distribution of intimate visual images and shall by punished as a court-martial may direct. (b) Definitions In this section (article): (1) Broadcast The term broadcast means to electronically transmit a visual image with the intent that it be viewed by a person or persons. (2) Distribute The term distribute means to deliver to the actual or constructive possession of another person, including transmission by mail or electronic means. (3) Intimate visual image The term intimate visual image means a photograph, video, film, or recording made by any means that depicts a private area of a person. (4) Private area The term private area means the naked or underwear-clad genitalia, anus, buttocks, or female areola or nipple. (5) Reasonable expectation of privacy The term reasonable expectation of privacy refers to circumstances in which a reasonable person would believe that an intimate visual image of a private area of the person would not be broadcast or distributed to another person. . (b) Clerical amendment The table of sections at the beginning of subchapter X of chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code (the Uniform Code of Military Justice), is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 917 (article 117) the following new item: 917a. 117a. Wrongful broadcast or distribution of intimate visual images. .

Passed the House of Representatives May 24, 2017. Karen L. Haas, Clerk.