STOP Organ Trafficking Act

Bill: 115-hr-6413
Sponsor: full_name: Rep. Trott, David A. [R-MI-11]
Introduced: 2018-07-17
Policy area: International Affairs
Subjects: Child health

Crime victims

Criminal justice information and records

Human rights

Human trafficking

Medical ethics

Organ and tissue donation and transplantation

Smuggling and trafficking

Visas and passports
Latest action: action_date: 2018-09-27
text: Committee Agreed to Seek Consideration Under Suspension of the Rules, by Unanimous Consent.

Summaries:
action_date: 2018-07-17
action_desc: Introduced in House
text: <p><strong>Strategy To Oppose Predatory Organ Trafficking Act or the STOP Organ Trafficking Act</strong></p> <p>This bill states that it shall be U.S. policy to combat trafficking in human organs and promote the establishment of voluntary organ donation systems. </p> <p> The bill authorizes the Department of State to refuse to issue a passport to, or revoke a previously issued passport from, a person convicted of trafficking in human organs who used a passport or otherwise crossed an international border in committing such offense.</p> <p> The Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 is amended to: (1) include trafficking of persons for the removal of their organs in the definition of severe forms of trafficking in persons, and (2) direct the Interagency Task Force to Monitor and Combat Trafficking to collect and organize data from human rights officers at U.S. embassies on host country laws against trafficking in human organs.</p>

tv_txt: I 115th CONGRESS 2d Session H. R. 6413 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES July 17, 2018 Mr. Trott (for himself and Mr. Deutch ) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs A BILL To combat trafficking in human organs, and for other purposes.

1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Strategy To Oppose Predatory Organ Trafficking Act or the STOP Organ Trafficking Act . 2. Findings Congress finds the following: (1) The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately 10 percent of all transplanted kidneys worldwide are illegally obtained, often bought from vulnerable impoverished persons or forcibly harvested from prisoners. (2) In 2004, the World Health Assembly passed a resolution urging its member-states to take measures to protect the poorest as well as vulnerable groups from exploitation by organ traffickers. (3) On February 13, 2008, the United Nations Global Initiative to Fight Human Trafficking (UNGIFT) hosted the Vienna Forum to Fight Human Trafficking , and subsequently reported that a lack of adequate illicit organ trafficking laws has provided opportunity for the illegal trade to grow. (4) On March 21, 2011, the Council of the European Union adopted rules supplementing the definition of criminal offenses and the level of sanctions in order to strengthen the prevention of organ trafficking and the protection of those victims. (5) In 2005, the United States ratified the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, a supplement to the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, which includes the removal of organs as a form of exploitation under the definition of trafficking in persons . (6) According to a 2013 United Nations report from the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children, the economic and social divisions within and among countries is notably reflected in the illicit organ trafficking market, in which the victims are commonly poor, unemployed, and more susceptible to deceit and extortion. 3. Sense of Congress It is the sense of Congress that— (1) the kidnapping or coercion of individuals for the purpose of extracting their organs for profit is in contradiction of the ideals and standards for ethical behavior upon which the United States has based its laws; (2) the illegal harvesting of organs from children is a violation of the human rights of the child and is a breach of internationally accepted medical ethical standards described in WHO Assembly Resolution 57.18 (May 22, 2004); (3) the illegal harvesting and trafficking of organs violates the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, in Article 3 which states that Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. , and in Article 4 which states that No one shall be held in slavery or servitude. ; and (4) establishing efficient voluntary organ donation systems with strong enforcement mechanisms is the most effective way to combat trafficking of persons for the removal of their organs. 4. Statement of policy It shall be the policy of the United States to— (1) combat the international trafficking of persons for the removal of their organs; (2) promote the establishment of voluntary organ donation systems with effective enforcement mechanisms in bilateral diplomatic meetings, as well as in international health forums; and (3) promote the dignity and security of human life in accordance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. 5. Revocation or denial of passports to individuals who are organ traffickers The Act entitled An Act to regulate the issue and validity of passports, and for other purposes , approved July 3, 1926 ( 22 U.S.C. 211a et seq.), commonly known as the Passport Act of 1926 , is amended by adding at the end the following new section: 4. Authority to deny or revoke passport (a) Issuance The Secretary of State may refuse to issue a passport to any individual who has been convicted of an offense under section 301 of the National Organ Transplant Act ( 42 U.S.C. 274e ) if such individual used a passport or otherwise crossed an international border in the commission of such an offence. (b) Revocation The Secretary of State may revoke a passport previously issued to any individual described in paragraph (1). . 6. Amendments to the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (a) Definitions Section 103 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 ( 22 U.S.C. 7102 ) is amended— (1) in paragraph (9)— (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking or at the end; (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the end and inserting: ; or ; and (C) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph: (C) trafficking of persons for the removal of their organs (as defined in paragraph (13)). ; (2) by redesignating paragraphs (13) through (15) as paragraphs (14) through (16), respectively; and (3) by inserting after paragraph (12) the following new paragraph: (13) Trafficking of persons for the removal of their organs (A) In general The term trafficking of persons for the removal of their organs means the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, or receipt of a person, either living or deceased, for the purpose of removing one or more of such person’s organs, by means of— (i) coercion; (ii) abduction; (iii) deception; (iv) fraud; (v) abuse of power or a position of vulnerability; or (vi) transfer of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over a person described in the matter preceding clause (i). (B) Organ defined In subparagraph (A), the term organ has the meaning given the term human organ in section 301(c)(1) of the National Organ Transplant Act ( 42 U.S.C. 274e(c)(1) ). . (b) Interagency task force To monitor and combat trafficking Section 105(d)(3) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 ( 22 U.S.C. 7103(d)(3) ) is amended by inserting after the first sentence the following new sentence: Such procedures shall include collection and organization of data from human rights officers at United States embassies on host country laws against trafficking of persons for the removal of their organs and any instances of violations of such laws. . 7. Reporting (a) In general Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter through 2025, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a comprehensive report that includes the following information: (1) A description of the sources, practices, methods, facilitators, and recipients of trafficking of persons for the removal of their organs during the period covered by each such report. (2) A description of activities undertaken by the Department of State, either unilaterally or in cooperation with other countries, to address and prevent trafficking of persons for the removal of their organs. (3) A description of activities undertaken by countries to address and prevent trafficking of persons for the removal of their organs. (b) Matters To be included The reports required under subsection (a) shall include the collection and organization of data from human rights officers at United States diplomatic and consular posts on host country laws against trafficking of persons for the removal of their organs, including enforcement of such laws, or any instances of violations of such laws. (c) Additional matters To be included The reports required under subsection (a) may include the following: (1) Information provided in meetings with host country officials. (2) Information provided through cooperation with United Nations or World Health Organization agencies. (3) Communications and reports provided by nongovernmental organizations working on the issue of trafficking of persons for the removal of their organs. (4) Any other reports or information sources the Secretary of State determines to be necessary and appropriate. 8. Definitions In this Act: (1) Appropriate congressional committees The term appropriate congressional committees means the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate. (2) Organ The term organ has the meaning given the term human organ in section 301(c)(1) of the National Organ Transplant Act ( 42 U.S.C. 274e(c)(1) ). (3) Trafficking of persons for the removal of their organs The term trafficking of persons for the removal of their organs means the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, or receipt of a person, either living or deceased, for the purpose of removing one or more of the person’s organs, by means of— (A) coercion; (B) abduction; (C) deception; (D) fraud; (E) abuse of power or a position of vulnerability; or (F) transfer of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over a person described in the matter preceding clause (i). 9. Limitation on funds No additional funds are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this Act or any amendment made by this Act.