II 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. 548 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES February 28, 2023 Mr. Barrasso (for himself, Mrs. Blackburn , Mr. Braun , Mrs. Britt , Mr. Boozman , Mrs. Capito , Mr. Cassidy , Mr. Cornyn , Mr. Cotton , Mr. Cramer , Mr. Cruz , Mr. Daines , Mr. Grassley , Mr. Hagerty , Mr. Hoeven , Mrs. Hyde-Smith , Mr. Kennedy , Mr. Lankford , Ms. Lummis , Mr. Marshall , Mr. Rounds , Mr. Scott of Florida , Mr. Scott of South Carolina , Mr. Sullivan , Mr. Tillis , Mr. Tuberville , Mr. Graham , Mr. Hawley , and Mrs. Fischer ) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations A BILL To enhance the security of the United States and its allies, and for other purposes.

1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Energy Security Cooperation with Allied Partners in Europe Act of 2023 . 2. Statement of policy It is the policy of the United States— (1) to reduce the dependency of allies and partners of the United States on Russian energy resources, especially natural gas, in order for those countries to achieve lasting and dependable energy security; (2) to condemn the Government of the Russian Federation for, and to deter that government from, using its energy resources as a geopolitical weapon to coerce, intimidate, and influence other countries; (3) to improve energy security in Europe by increasing access to diverse, reliable, and affordable energy; (4) to promote energy security in Europe by working with the European Union and other allies of the United States to develop liberalized energy markets that provide diversified energy sources, suppliers, and routes; (5) to continue to strongly oppose the Nord Stream 2 pipeline based on its detrimental effects on the energy security of the European Union and the economy of Ukraine and other countries in Central Europe through which natural gas is transported; and (6) to support countries that are allies or partners of the United States by expediting the export of energy resources from the United States. 3. North Atlantic Treaty Organization The President should direct the United States Permanent Representative on the Council of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (in this Act referred to as NATO ) to use the voice and influence of the United States to encourage NATO member countries to work together to achieve energy security for those countries and countries in Europe and Eurasia that are partners of NATO. 4. Transatlantic energy strategy (a) Sense of Congress It is the sense of Congress that the United States and other NATO member countries should explore ways to ensure that NATO member countries diversify their energy supplies and routes in order to enhance their energy security, including through the development of a transatlantic energy strategy. (b) Transatlantic energy strategy (1) In general Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development and the Secretary of Energy, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a transatlantic energy strategy for the United States— (A) to enhance the energy security of NATO member countries and countries that are partners of NATO; and (B) to increase exports of energy from the United States to such countries. (2) Appropriate congressional committees defined In this subsection, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives. 5. Expedited approval of exportation of natural gas to United States allies (a) In general Section 3(c) of the Natural Gas Act ( 15 U.S.C. 717b(c) ) is amended— (1) by inserting (1) before For purposes ; (2) by striking nation with which there is in effect a free trade agreement requiring national treatment for trade in natural gas and inserting foreign country described in paragraph (2) ; and (3) by adding at the end the following: (2) A foreign country described in this paragraph is— (A) a nation with which there is in effect a free trade agreement requiring national treatment for trade in natural gas; (B) a member country of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization; (C) subject to paragraph (3), Japan; and (D) any other foreign country if the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, determines that exportation of natural gas to that foreign country would promote the national security interests of the United States. (3) The exportation of natural gas to Japan shall be deemed to be consistent with the public interest pursuant to paragraph (1), and applications for such exportation shall be granted without modification or delay under that paragraph, during only such period as the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security, signed at Washington January 19, 1960, and entered into force June 23, 1960 (11 UST 1632; TIAS 4509), between the United States and Japan, remains in effect. . (b) Effective date The amendments made by this section shall apply with respect to applications for the authorization to export natural gas under section 3 of the Natural Gas Act ( 15 U.S.C. 717b ) that are pending on, or filed on or after, the date of the enactment of this Act. 6. Mandatory sanctions with respect to the development of pipelines in the Russian Federation (a) In general The President shall impose five or more of the sanctions described in section 235 of the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act ( 22 U.S.C. 9529 ) with respect to a person if the President determines that the person knowingly, on or after the date of the enactment of this Act, makes an investment described in subsection (b) or sells, leases, or provides to the Government of the Russian Federation, or to any entity owned or controlled by that government, for the construction of Russian energy export pipelines, goods, services, technology, information, or support described in subsection (c)— (1) any of which has a fair market value of $1,000,000 or more; or (2) that, during a 12-month period, have an aggregate fair market value of $5,000,000 or more. (b) Investment described An investment described in this subsection is any contribution of assets, including a loan guarantee or any other transfer of value, that directly and significantly contributes to the enhancement of the ability of the Government of the Russian Federation, or any entity owned or controlled by that government, to construct energy export pipelines. (c) Goods, services, technology, information, or support described Goods, services, technology, information, or support described in this subsection are goods, services, technology, information, or support that could directly and significantly facilitate the maintenance or expansion of the construction, modernization, or repair of energy export pipelines by the Government of the Russian Federation or any entity owned or controlled by that government. (d) Presidential waiver authority and notice to Congress (1) Presidential waiver authority The President may waive the application of sanctions under this section if the President determines that it is in the national security interests of the United States to waive such sanctions. (2) Notice to Congress Not less than 15 days before taking action to waive the application of sanctions under paragraph (1), the President shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a notification of, and written justification for, the action. (e) Exception for importation of goods (1) In general The authority to impose sanctions under subsection (a) shall not include the authority to impose sanctions with respect to the importation of goods. (2) Good defined In this subsection, the term good means any article, natural or manmade substance, material, supply or manufactured product, including inspection and test equipment, and excluding technical data.