II 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. 2434 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES July 20, 2023 Mr. Marshall (for himself and Mr. Luján ) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions A BILL To amend the Public Health Service Act to continue the Presidential Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria, and for other purposes.

1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Presidential Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Act or the PACCARB Act . 2. Combating antimicrobial resistance Section 319E of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 247d–5 ) is amended— (1) in subsection (a)— (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting and activities after Federal programs ; (B) in paragraph (2)— (i) by striking public health constituencies, manufacturers, veterinary and medical professional societies and others and inserting the Advisory Council described in subsection (b) and relevant public and private entities ; and (ii) by inserting , pursuant to paragraph (4), after comprehensive plan ; (C) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follow: (3) Agenda The task force described in paragraph (1) shall consider factors the Secretary considers appropriate, including factors to— (A) slow the emergence of resistant bacteria and prevent the spread of resistant infections; (B) strengthen activities to combat resistance through the detection of zoonotic diseases; (C) advance development and use of rapid and innovative capabilities, including diagnostic tests, for identification and characterization of resistant bacteria; (D) accelerate basic and applied research and development for new antibiotics, antifungals, and other related therapeutics and vaccines; and (E) support international collaboration and capacities for antimicrobial-resistance prevention, detection, and control. ; (D) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (5); (E) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following: (4) Action plan Not later than October 1, 2025, and every 5 years thereafter, the task force described in paragraph (1) shall develop and submit to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives a plan regarding Federal programs and activities to combat antimicrobial resistance, including measurable outcomes, as appropriate, informed by the agenda described in paragraph (3) and input provided by the Advisory Council described in subsection (b) and other relevant stakeholders provided pursuant to paragraph (2). ; (2) by redesignating subsections (b) through (o) as subsections (c) through (p), respectively; (3) by inserting after subsection (a) the following: (b) Advisory council (1) In general The Secretary may continue the Presidential Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria, referred to in this subsection as the Advisory Council . (2) Duties The Advisory Council shall advise and provide information and recommendations to the Secretary, acting through the Task Force established under subsection (a), regarding Federal programs and activities intended to reduce or combat antimicrobial-resistant bacteria or fungi that may present a public health threat and improve capabilities to prevent, diagnose, mitigate, or treat such resistance. Such advice, information, and recommendations may be related to improving Federal efforts related to factors described in subsection (a)(3) and other topics related to antimicrobial resistance, as appropriate. (3) Meetings and coordination (A) Meetings The Advisory Council shall meet not less than biannually and, to the extent practicable, in coordination with meetings of the task force established under subsection (a). (B) Coordination The Advisory Council shall, to the greatest extent practicable, coordinate activities carried out by the Council with the task force established under subsection (a). (4) FACA Chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code, shall apply to the activities and duties of the Advisory Council. ; and (4) in subsection (n), as so redesignated, by striking (f) through (j) and inserting (g) through (k) .