hyperdemocracy/usc-textversion huggingface dataset:
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 414 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 18, 2023 Mr. Graham (for himself, Mr. Blumenthal , Mr. Coons , and Mr. Murphy ) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to RESOLUTION Designating October 8, 2023, as National Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Day .

Whereas hydrogen, which has an atomic mass of 1.008, is the most abundant element in the universe; Whereas the United States is a world leader in the development and deployment of fuel cell and hydrogen technologies; Whereas hydrogen fuel cells played an instrumental role in the United States space program, helping the United States achieve the mission of landing a man on the Moon; Whereas private industry, Federal and State governments, national laboratories, and institutions of higher education continue to improve fuel cell and hydrogen technologies to address the most pressing energy, environmental, and economic issues of the United States; Whereas fuel cells utilizing hydrogen and hydrogen-rich fuels to generate electricity are clean, efficient, safe, and resilient technologies being used for— (1) stationary and backup power generation; and (2) zero-emission transportation for light-duty vehicles, industrial vehicles, delivery vans, buses, trucks, trains, military vehicles, marine applications, and aerial vehicles; Whereas stationary fuel cells are being placed in service for continuous and backup power to provide businesses and other energy consumers with reliable power in the event of grid outages; Whereas stationary fuel cells can help reduce water use, as compared to traditional power generation technologies; Whereas fuel cell electric vehicles that utilize hydrogen can mimic the experience of internal combustion vehicles, including comparable range and refueling times; Whereas hydrogen fuel cell industrial vehicles are deployed at logistical hubs and warehouses across the United States and exported to facilities in Europe and Asia; Whereas hydrogen is a nontoxic gas that can be derived from a variety of domestically available traditional and renewable resources, including solar, wind, biogas, and the abundant supply of natural gas in the United States; Whereas hydrogen and fuel cells can store energy to help enhance the grid and maximize opportunities to deploy renewable energy; Whereas the United States produces and uses approximately 10,000,000 metric tons of hydrogen per year; Whereas engineers and safety code and standard professionals have developed consensus-based protocols for safe delivery, handling, and use of hydrogen; and Whereas the ingenuity of the people of the United States is essential to paving the way for the future use of hydrogen technologies: Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate designates October 8, 2023, as National Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Day .
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 415 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 18, 2023 Mr. Schumer (for himself and Mr. McConnell ) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to RESOLUTION To authorize testimony and representation in United States v. Samsel .

Whereas, in the case of United States v. Samsel , Cr. No. 21-537, pending in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, the prosecution has requested the production of testimony from Daniel Schwager, a former employee of the Office of the Secretary of the Senate; Whereas, pursuant to sections 703(a) and 704(a)(2) of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978, 2 U.S.C. §§ 288b(a) and 288c(a)(2), the Senate may direct its counsel to represent current and former officers and employees of the Senate with respect to any subpoena, order, or request for evidence relating to their official responsibilities; Whereas, by the privileges of the Senate of the United States and Rule XI of the Standing Rules of the Senate, no evidence under the control or in the possession of the Senate may, by the judicial or administrative process, be taken from such control or possession but by permission of the Senate; and Whereas, when it appears that evidence under the control or in the possession of the Senate may promote the administration of justice, the Senate will take such action as will promote the ends of justice consistent with the privileges of the Senate: Now, therefore, be it

That Daniel Schwager, a former employee of the Office of the Secretary of the Senate, is authorized to provide relevant testimony in the case of United States v. Samsel , except concerning matters for which a privilege should be asserted. 2. The Senate Legal Counsel is authorized to represent Mr. Schwager, and any current or former officer or employee of the Secretary’s office, in connection with the production of evidence authorized in section one of this resolution.
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 416 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 18, 2023 Mr. Schumer (for himself and Mr. McConnell ) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to RESOLUTION To authorize testimony and representation in United States v. Sullivan .

Whereas, in the case of United States v. Sullivan , Cr. No. 21-078, pending in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, the prosecution has requested the production of testimony from Daniel Schwager, a former employee of the Office of the Secretary of the Senate; Whereas, pursuant to sections 703(a) and 704(a)(2) of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978, 2 U.S.C. §§ 288b(a) and 288c(a)(2), the Senate may direct its counsel to represent current and former officers and employees of the Senate with respect to any subpoena, order, or request for evidence relating to their official responsibilities; Whereas, by the privileges of the Senate of the United States and Rule XI of the Standing Rules of the Senate, no evidence under the control or in the possession of the Senate may, by the judicial or administrative process, be taken from such control or possession but by permission of the Senate; and Whereas, when it appears that evidence under the control or in the possession of the Senate may promote the administration of justice, the Senate will take such action as will promote the ends of justice consistent with the privileges of the Senate: Now, therefore, be it

That Daniel Schwager, a former employee of the Office of the Secretary of the Senate, is authorized to provide relevant testimony in the case of United States v. Sullivan , except concerning matters for which a privilege should be asserted. 2. The Senate Legal Counsel is authorized to represent Mr. Schwager, and any current or former officer or employee of the Secretary’s office, in connection with the production of evidence authorized in section one of this resolution.
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 420 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 19, 2023 Mr. Schumer (for himself, Mr. McConnell , Ms. Baldwin , Mr. Barrasso , Mr. Bennet , Mrs. Blackburn , Mr. Blumenthal , Mr. Booker , Mr. Boozman , Mr. Braun , Mrs. Britt , Mr. Brown , Mr. Budd, Ms. Butler , Ms. Cantwell , Mrs. Capito , Mr. Cardin , Mr. Carper , Mr. Casey , Mr. Cassidy , Ms. Collins , Mr. Coons , Mr. Cornyn , Ms. Cortez Masto , Mr. Cotton , Mr. Cramer , Mr. Crapo , Mr. Cruz , Mr. Daines , Ms. Duckworth , Mr. Durbin , Ms. Ernst , Mr. Fetterman , Mrs. Fischer , Mrs. Gillibrand , Mr. Graham , Mr. Grassley , Mr. Hagerty , Ms. Hassan , Mr. Hawley , Mr. Heinrich , Mr. Hickenlooper , Ms. Hirono , Mr. Hoeven , Mrs. Hyde-Smith , Mr. Johnson , Mr. Kaine , Mr. Kelly , Mr. Kennedy , Mr. King , Ms. Klobuchar , Mr. Lankford , Mr. Lee , Mr. Luján , Ms. Lummis , Mr. Manchin , Mr. Markey , Mr. Marshall , Mr. Menendez , Mr. Merkley , Mr. Moran , Mr. Mullin , Ms. Murkowski , Mr. Murphy , Mrs. Murray , Mr. Ossoff , Mr. Padilla , Mr. Paul , Mr. Peters , Mr. Reed , Mr. Ricketts , Mr. Risch , Mr. Romney , Ms. Rosen , Mr. Rounds , Mr. Rubio , Mr. Sanders , Mr. Schatz , Mr. Schmitt , Mr. Scott of Florida , Mr. Scott of South Carolina , Mrs. Shaheen , Ms. Sinema , Ms. Smith , Ms. Stabenow , Mr. Sullivan , Mr. Tester , Mr. Thune , Mr. Tillis , Mr. Tuberville , Mr. Van Hollen , Mr. Vance , Mr. Warner , Mr. Warnock , Ms. Warren , Mr. Welch , Mr. Whitehouse , Mr. Wicker , Mr. Wyden , and Mr. Young ) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to RESOLUTION Designating Betty K. Koed as Historian Emerita of the United States Senate.

Whereas Betty K. Koed will retire from the United States Senate after serving with distinction, first as Assistant Historian from 1998 to 2009, then as Associate Historian from 2009 to 2015, and then as Senate Historian from 2015 to 2023, the first woman to hold that position; Whereas Betty K. Koed has dedicated her Senate service to preserving, protecting, and promoting the history of the Senate and its members; Whereas Betty K. Koed has produced or directed production of numerous publications detailing the rich institutional history of the Senate; Whereas Betty K. Koed has been instrumental in preserving, organizing, and making available to scholars the vast archival holdings of the Senate and its members; Whereas Betty K. Koed has assisted in the Senate’s commemoration of events of historical significance and in the development of exhibitions and educational programs on the history of the Senate and the United States Capitol; Whereas Betty K. Koed has upheld the high standards and traditions of the Senate with abiding devotion and has performed her Senate duties in an impartial and professional manner; and Whereas Betty K. Koed has earned the respect, affection, and esteem of the United States Senate: Now, therefore, be it

That, effective October 21, 2023, as a token of the appreciation of the Senate for her long and faithful service, Betty K. Koed is hereby designated as Historian Emerita of the United States Senate.
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 421 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 19, 2023 Mr. Coons (for himself, Mrs. Capito , and Mr. Peters ) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to RESOLUTION Designating the week of October 15 through 21, 2023, as National Chemistry Week .

Whereas chemistry is the science of the basic units of matter and, consequently, plays a role in every aspect of human life; Whereas chemistry has broad applications, including in food science, soil science, maintaining water quality, energy production, sustainability, medicine, and electronics; Whereas the science of chemistry is vital to improving the quality of human life and plays an important role in addressing critical global challenges; Whereas innovations in chemistry continue to spur economic growth, create jobs, and have applications for a wide range of industries; Whereas the practitioners of chemistry are catalysts of positive change in their communities and the world; Whereas National Chemistry Week is part of a broader vision to improve human life through chemistry and to advance the chemistry enterprise; Whereas the purpose of National Chemistry Week is to reach the public with educational messages about chemistry in order to foster greater understanding of and appreciation for the applications and benefits of chemistry; Whereas National Chemistry Week strives to stimulate the interest of young people, including women and underrepresented groups, in enthusiastically studying science, technology, engineering, and mathematics and in pursuing science-related careers that lead to innovations and major scientific breakthroughs; Whereas National Chemistry Week signifies the collaborative nature of science and promotes partnership between scientific societies, academia, industry, and the public; Whereas National Chemistry Week highlights many of the everyday uses of chemistry, including in food, dyes, pigments, plastics, soaps, detergents, health products, and energy technologies; Whereas the theme of the 34th annual National Chemistry Week is The Healing Power of Chemistry ; and Whereas students who participate in National Chemistry Week deserve recognition and support for their efforts: Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate— (1) designates the week beginning on October 15, 2023, as National Chemistry Week ; (2) supports the goals and welcomes the participants of the 34th annual National Chemistry Week; (3) recognizes the need to promote the fields of science, including chemistry, technology, engineering, and mathematics, and to encourage youth, including from underrepresented groups, to pursue careers in these fields; and (4) commends the American Chemical Society and the partners of that society for seeking opportunities to engage with the public and for organizing and convening events and activities surrounding National Chemistry Week each year.
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 422 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 19, 2023 Mr. Wicker (for himself and Mr. Manchin ) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to RESOLUTION Designating August 1, 2023, as Gold Star Children's Day .

Whereas the recognition of Gold Star Families in the United States dates back to World War I, when the families of fallen service members displayed a service flag with a gold star in the window of their homes; Whereas, in 1936, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed into law legislation declaring Gold Star Mother’s Day, a national observance honoring the mothers of fallen service members annually on the last Sunday of September; Whereas, since 2010, the Senate has honored Gold Star Spouses by resolution annually, recognizing the unique sacrifices made by spouses of fallen service members; Whereas thousands of sons and daughters of military families have lost mothers or fathers who served in the Armed Forces and also deserve national recognition for the burden and legacy they carry; and Whereas no date has existed to specifically recognize the children of fallen service members of the United States as part of a national debt of gratitude that the people of the United States owe to the service members who sacrificed all in protecting the freedom of the United States and the people of the United States: Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate— (1) designates August 1, 2023, as Gold Star Children’s Day ; (2) honors the sacrifices and hardships of the children of fallen service members; and (3) encourages the people of the United States to observe Gold Star Children’s Day in support of children of the fallen men and women of the Armed Forces of the United States.
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 423 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 24, 2023 Ms. Ernst (for herself and Mr. Grassley ) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation December 19, 2023 Considered, amended, and agreed to RESOLUTION Recognizing the University of Iowa women’s basketball team’s historic Crossover at Kinnick game and the importance of women's sports.

Whereas, at the Crossover at Kinnick event, the University of Iowa Hawkeyes competed against the DePaul University Blue Devils in a charity basketball game to benefit the University of Iowa Stead Family Children’s Hospital; Whereas the Crossover at Kinnick event set a National Collegiate Athletic Association (referred to in this resolution as the NCAA ) women’s basketball attendance record with 55,646 fans filling University of Iowa’s Kinnick Stadium in Iowa City, Iowa; Whereas the previous attendance record was set at the 2002 national championship game between the University of Connecticut and the University of Oklahoma, attended by 29,619 fans; Whereas the Crossover at Kinnick event was the first ever NCAA women’s basketball game to be played outdoors in a football stadium; Whereas women athletes at the collegiate level are important role models for young athletes, particularly women and girls, by serving as examples of what can be achieved by pursuing one’s dreams through participation in athletics; Whereas participation in sports helps foster confidence, self-discipline, leadership, and teamwork in young girls; Whereas the achievements of the Iowa women’s basketball program are an inspiration for Iowans and women athletes everywhere; and Whereas Iowans and University of Iowa alumni across the country are proud of the history made at the Crossover at Kinnick event: Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate— (1) congratulates the University of Iowa women’s basketball players, coaches, and support staff in setting the NCAA women's basketball attendance record at the Crossover at Kinnick event; (2) recognizes and celebrates the impact of this record-setting event on young women athletes across the country; and (3) respectfully requests that the Secretary of the Senate send 1 copy of this resolution to the following individuals: (A) University of Iowa President Barbara Wilson. (B) University of Iowa Interim Athletic Director Beth Goetz. (C) University of Iowa Women's Basketball Coach Lisa Bluder.
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 423 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 24, 2023 Ms. Ernst (for herself and Mr. Grassley ) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation RESOLUTION Recognizing the University of Iowa women’s basketball team’s historic Crossover at Kinnick game and the importance of women's sports.

Whereas, at the Crossover at Kinnick event, the University of Iowa Hawkeyes competed against the DePaul University Blue Devils in a charity basketball game to benefit the University of Iowa Stead Family Children’s Hospital; Whereas the Crossover at Kinnick event set a National Collegiate Athletic Association (referred to in this resolution as the NCAA ) women’s basketball attendance record with 55,646 fans filling University of Iowa’s Kinnick Stadium in Iowa City, Iowa; Whereas the previous attendance record was set at the 2002 national championship game between the University of Connecticut and the University of Oklahoma, attended by 29,619 fans; Whereas the Crossover at Kinnick event was the first ever NCAA women’s basketball game to be played outdoors in a football stadium; Whereas women athletes at the collegiate level are important role models for young athletes, particularly women and girls, by serving as examples of what can be achieved by pursuing one’s dreams through participation in athletics; Whereas participation in sports helps foster confidence, self-discipline, leadership, and teamwork in young girls; Whereas the achievements of the Iowa women’s basketball program are an inspiration for Iowans and women athletes everywhere; and Whereas Iowans and University of Iowa alumni across the country are proud of the history made at the Crossover at Kinnick event: Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate— (1) congratulates the University of Iowa women’s basketball players, coaches, and support staff in setting the NCAA women's basketball attendance record at the Crossover at Kinnick event; (2) recognizes and celebrates the impact of this record-setting event on young women athletes across the country; and (3) respectfully requests that the Secretary of the Senate send 1 copy of this resolution to the following individuals: (A) Iowa Governor Kim Reynolds. (B) University of Iowa President Barbara Wilson. (C) University of Iowa Interim Athletic Director Beth Goetz. (D) University of Iowa Women’s Basketball Coach Lisa Bluder.
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 427 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 25, 2023 Mr. Cassidy (for himself, Mr. Boozman , Mrs. Capito , Mr. Hickenlooper , Mr. King , Mr. Murphy , and Ms. Warren ) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary November 13, 2023 Committee discharged; considered and agreed to RESOLUTION Calling on Congress, schools, and State and local educational agencies to recognize the significant educational implications of dyslexia that must be addressed, and designating October 2023 as National Dyslexia Awareness Month .

Whereas dyslexia is— (1) defined as an unexpected difficulty in reading for an individual who has the intelligence to be a much better reader; and (2) most commonly caused by a difficulty in phonological processing (the appreciation of the individual sounds of spoken language), which affects the ability of an individual to speak, read, spell, and, often, the ability to learn a second language; Whereas the First Step Act of 2018 ( Public Law 115–391 ; 132 Stat. 5194 et seq.) included a definition of dyslexia as part of the requirement of the Act to screen inmates for dyslexia upon intake in Federal prisons; Whereas the definition of dyslexia in section 3635 of title 18, United States Code, as added by section 101(a) of the First Step Act of 2018, is the first and only definition of dyslexia in a Federal statute; Whereas dyslexia is the most common learning disability and affects 80 to 90 percent of all individuals with a learning disability; Whereas dyslexia is persistent and highly prevalent, affecting as many as 1 out of every 5 individuals; Whereas dyslexia is a paradox, in that an individual with dyslexia may have both— (1) weaknesses in decoding that result in difficulties with accurate or fluent word recognition; and (2) strengths in higher-level cognitive functions, such as reasoning, critical thinking, concept formation, and problem solving; Whereas great progress has been made in understanding dyslexia on a scientific level, including the epidemiological, cognitive, and neurobiological bases of dyslexia; Whereas the achievement gap between typical readers and dyslexic readers occurs as early as first grade; and Whereas early screening for, and early diagnosis of, dyslexia are critical for ensuring that individuals with dyslexia receive focused, evidence-based intervention that leads to fluent reading, the promotion of self-awareness and self-empowerment, and the provision of necessary accommodations that ensure success in school and in life: Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate— (1) calls on Congress, schools, and State and local educational agencies to recognize that dyslexia has significant educational implications that must be addressed; and (2) designates October 2023 as National Dyslexia Awareness Month .
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 427 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 25, 2023 Mr. Cassidy (for himself, Mr. Boozman , Mrs. Capito , Mr. Hickenlooper , Mr. King , Mr. Murphy , and Ms. Warren ) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary RESOLUTION Calling on Congress, schools, and State and local educational agencies to recognize the significant educational implications of dyslexia that must be addressed, and designating October 2023 as National Dyslexia Awareness Month .

Whereas dyslexia is— (1) defined as an unexpected difficulty in reading for an individual who has the intelligence to be a much better reader; and (2) most commonly caused by a difficulty in phonological processing (the appreciation of the individual sounds of spoken language), which affects the ability of an individual to speak, read, spell, and, often, the ability to learn a second language; Whereas the First Step Act of 2018 ( Public Law 115–391 ; 132 Stat. 5194 et seq.) included a definition of dyslexia as part of the requirement of the Act to screen inmates for dyslexia upon intake in Federal prisons; Whereas the definition of dyslexia in section 3635 of title 18, United States Code, as added by section 101(a) of the First Step Act of 2018, is the first and only definition of dyslexia in a Federal statute; Whereas dyslexia is the most common learning disability and affects 80 to 90 percent of all individuals with a learning disability; Whereas dyslexia is persistent and highly prevalent, affecting as many as 1 out of every 5 individuals; Whereas dyslexia is a paradox, in that an individual with dyslexia may have both— (1) weaknesses in decoding that result in difficulties with accurate or fluent word recognition; and (2) strengths in higher-level cognitive functions, such as reasoning, critical thinking, concept formation, and problem solving; Whereas great progress has been made in understanding dyslexia on a scientific level, including the epidemiological, cognitive, and neurobiological bases of dyslexia; Whereas the achievement gap between typical readers and dyslexic readers occurs as early as first grade; and Whereas early screening for, and early diagnosis of, dyslexia are critical for ensuring that individuals with dyslexia receive focused, evidence-based intervention that leads to fluent reading, the promotion of self-awareness and self-empowerment, and the provision of necessary accommodations that ensure success in school and in life: Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate— (1) calls on Congress, schools, and State and local educational agencies to recognize that dyslexia has significant educational implications that must be addressed; and (2) designates October 2023 as National Dyslexia Awareness Month .
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 429 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 25, 2023 Mr. Luján (for himself and Mrs. Blackburn ) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations RESOLUTION Expressing the sense of the Senate in support of the International Atomic Energy Agency’s (IAEA) nuclear security role.

Whereas the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), created in 1957 for the purpose of assisting states in the development and use of nuclear technology for peaceful purposes, plays a critical role in the global nuclear security regime; Whereas the agency’s activities in nuclear security date back to the 1970s, when the agency began providing ad hoc training courses in physical protection; Whereas these responsibilities expanded following the collapse of the former Soviet Union, reports of nuclear smuggling in the late 1990s, and again after the devastating terror attacks on September 11, 2001; Whereas the agency established the Nuclear Security Fund to assist countries in protecting their nuclear and radiological materials and facilities; Whereas the agency’s nuclear security efforts are sustained by its technical expertise, experience, transparency, and confidentiality; Whereas rogue regimes and clandestine organizations continue to exhibit the ambition to acquire nuclear materials that can be used to build crude radiological and nuclear weapons; Whereas the IAEA Office of Nuclear Security relies almost exclusively on voluntary funding, which is inherently unpredictable and inconsistent; and Whereas the 2016 Nuclear Security Summit in Washington, DC, issued an Action Plan on April 1, 2016, citing the agency’s need for reliable and sufficient resources : Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate— (1) maintains that the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) plays an indispensable role in strengthening nuclear security and safety around the globe; (2) reaffirms that the United States has a vital interest in preventing the spread of nuclear weapons and securing nuclear materials; and (3) encourages the United States and other member states of the IAEA to take steps to ensure that the IAEA has the resources needed to successfully carry out its duties, including— (A) supporting the IAEA to continue convening ministerial meetings on nuclear security to promote political commitment; (B) contributing to the implementation of the IAEA’s Nuclear Security Plan through reliable and sufficient resources; and (C) providing appropriate political, technical, and financial support to the Nuclear Security Fund.
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 430 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 25, 2023 Mr. Manchin (for himself, Ms. Collins , Mrs. Capito , and Mr. King ) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to RESOLUTION Designating October 20, 2023, as National Early Childhood Literacy Awareness Day .

Whereas many children from families with low incomes begin school already far behind children from families with higher incomes; Whereas research shows that children from families with low incomes are less likely to have interactions that are critical for language development, including— (1) being read to or spoken to regularly; (2) having access to books; (3) having a literacy-rich environment; and (4) accessing high-quality early childhood education programs; Whereas language development is an important precursor to literacy; Whereas access to high-quality early childhood education programs can support early childhood language development and literacy; Whereas, as early as 3 years of age, the vocabulary of a child can predict the future third-grade reading proficiency of the child; Whereas, during the first 3 years of life, children from families with low-incomes can hear as many as 30,000,000 fewer words than children from more affluent families; Whereas, in 2022, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (referred to in this preamble as NAEP ) reported that— (1) 66 percent of fourth-grade public school students nationally performed below the NAEP proficient level in reading; and (2) 37 percent of fourth-grade public school students nationally performed below the NAEP basic level in reading; and Whereas awareness of early childhood literacy issues must be heightened to encourage greater support to help children achieve reading proficiency: Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate— (1) designates October 20, 2023, as National Early Childhood Literacy Awareness Day ; (2) encourages States, localities, schools, early childhood education programs, and nonprofit organizations to observe the day with appropriate programs and activities, with the goal of increasing public awareness about early childhood literacy issues; (3) recognizes the need to make early childhood literacy a public priority; (4) supports the efforts of businesses, State and local governments, early childhood education programs, nonprofit organizations, educators, and volunteers dedicated to increasing childhood literacy rates; (5) applauds the initiatives of businesses, State and local governments, early childhood education programs, nonprofit organizations, educators, and volunteers that— (A) use time and resources to address early childhood literacy issues, the causes of poor reading scores, and potential solutions to those issues; and (B) work to promote the love of reading among children; and (6) encourages parents, other family members, and caregivers to introduce children to the world of books and other literacy activities in different ways, including by— (A) reading to children; (B) telling stories; (C) teaching letters and words; and (D) visiting libraries.
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 431 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 25, 2023 Ms. Ernst (for herself, Mrs. Shaheen , Mr. Risch , Ms. Hirono , Ms. Collins , Mr. Markey , Mr. Rubio , Ms. Sinema , Mr. Kennedy , Mr. Cardin , Mrs. Hyde-Smith , Ms. Rosen , Mr. Wicker , Mrs. Murray , Mr. Cramer , Mr. Manchin , Mrs. Blackburn , Ms. Cantwell , Mr. Braun , Mr. Kelly , Mr. Sullivan , Mr. Booker , Mr. Hoeven , Ms. Klobuchar , Mrs. Fischer , Mr. Blumenthal , Mrs. Capito , Mr. Wyden , Mr. Daines , Mr. Casey , Mr. Marshall , Ms. Hassan , Mr. Crapo , Mr. Coons , Mr. Barrasso , Ms. Duckworth , Ms. Lummis , Mr. Luján , Mr. Cornyn , Ms. Smith , Mrs. Britt , Ms. Baldwin , Mr. Lankford , Mr. Hickenlooper , Mr. Boozman , Mr. Peters , Mr. Budd , Ms. Cortez Masto , Mr. Young , Mr. Welch , Mr. Scott of Florida , Mr. Whitehouse , Mr. Warnock , Mr. Warner , Mr. Fetterman , and Ms. Butler ) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to RESOLUTION Recognizing the month of October 2023 as National Women's Small Business Month .

Whereas there are more than 12,000,000 women-owned businesses in the United States; Whereas women-owned businesses generate $1,800,000,000,000 in total revenue; Whereas women-owned businesses employ more than 9,230,000 workers; Whereas 38 percent of small businesses are women-owned; Whereas women entrepreneurs continue to face challenges in Federal contracting, mentorship, and access to capital; and Whereas the celebration of National Women’s Small Business Month would honor the efforts of women business owners and women entrepreneurs and recognize the significance of the contributions of these business owners and entrepreneurs to the small business community: Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate— (1) recognizes the month of October 2023 as National Women’s Small Business Month ; (2) honors the vital role of women small business owners and women entrepreneurs in the United States during National Women's Small Business Month ; (3) recognizes the significant contributions of women small business owners and women entrepreneurs to the small business community; (4) supports and encourages young women entrepreneurs to pursue their passions and create more start-up businesses; (5) recognizes the importance of creating policies that promote a business-friendly environment for small business owners that is free of unnecessary and burdensome regulations and red tape; and (6) supports efforts to— (A) encourage consumers to shop locally; and (B) increase awareness of the value of locally-owned small businesses and the impact of women-owned small businesses on the economy of the United States.
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 435 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 26, 2023 Ms. Ernst (for herself, Ms. Duckworth , Mr. Crapo , Ms. Rosen , Mr. Tuberville , Ms. Baldwin , Mr. Daines , Mr. Booker , Mr. Risch , Mr. Blumenthal , Mr. Wicker , Ms. Hirono , Mr. Rubio , Mr. Casey , Mr. Hoeven , Ms. Cortez Masto , Mrs. Fischer , Ms. Klobuchar , Mr. Budd , Mr. Reed , Mr. Cruz , Mr. Ossoff , Mr. Hagerty , Mr. Kelly , Mrs. Blackburn , Ms. Smith , Mr. Ricketts , Mr. Kaine , Ms. Collins , Mr. King , Mrs. Hyde-Smith , Mrs. Murray , Mr. Barrasso , Mr. Hickenlooper , Mr. Kennedy , Mrs. Shaheen , Mr. Tillis , Ms. Hassan , Mr. Moran , Mr. Manchin , Mrs. Britt , Mr. Luján , Mr. Cassidy , Mr. Coons , Mr. Hawley , Ms. Cantwell , Mrs. Capito , Mr. Cardin , Mr. Scott of Florida , Mr. Peters , Mr. Young , Mr. Cramer , Mr. Sullivan , Mr. Cornyn , Mr. Marshall , Mr. Boozman , Mr. Cotton , Mr. Graham , Ms. Lummis , and Mr. Schmitt ) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to RESOLUTION Recognizing the week of October 30 through November 4, 2023, as National Veterans Small Business Week .

Whereas the Armed Forces of the United States train individuals with the skills, discipline, and leadership necessary to establish and operate a successful business; Whereas there are over 1,700,000 veteran-owned small businesses in the United States, employing over 2,900,000 individuals; Whereas veteran-owned small businesses make up nearly 5 percent of all businesses in the United States; Whereas veteran-owned small businesses account for more than $800,000,000,000 in total receipts every year; Whereas there are over 160,000 women veteran-owned small businesses in the United States, employing over 119,000 individuals; Whereas the Small Business Administration hosts events honoring National Veterans Small Business Week from October 30 through November 4, 2023; Whereas the Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship of the Senate celebrates National Veterans Small Business Week during the week of October 30 through November 4, 2023; and Whereas the week of October 30 through November 4, 2023, would be an appropriate time to celebrate National Veterans Small Business Week: Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate— (1) recognizes the week of October 30 through November 4, 2023, as National Veterans Small Business Week ; (2) supports the goals and ideals of National Veterans Small Business Week; (3) recognizes the importance of creating policies that promote a business-friendly environment for small business owners that is free of unnecessary and burdensome regulations and red tape; and (4) expresses appreciation for the continued service to the United States by the veterans of the United States through small business ownership and entrepreneurship.
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 437 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 26, 2023 Mrs. Blackburn (for herself, Ms. Rosen , Mr. Lankford , and Mr. Van Hollen ) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to RESOLUTION Condemning antisemitism at institutions of higher education in the United States and encouraging college and university leaders, administrators, and faculty to speak out against antisemitism.

Whereas, in the aftermath of the terrorist attack on Israel by Hamas on October 7, 2023, there has been a rise in incidents of antisemitism, including hate speech and intimidation, on college campuses and universities in the United States, creating an atmosphere of fear for Jewish students and faculty; Whereas the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance has developed a widely accepted working definition of antisemitism which can serve as a helpful tool for education administrators and faculty to identify antisemitism; Whereas acts of hate, discrimination, and violence based on religion or ethnicity have no place at institutions that exist to further education and understanding between diverse student bodies; and Whereas freedom of speech and expression are foundational principles of institutions of higher education in the United States, but when these principles are used to promote violence, hatred, or discrimination on the basis of religious beliefs, national origin, or ancestry, higher education leaders have the right and an obligation to respond: Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate— (1) strongly condemns any instances of antisemitism occurring at colleges and universities in the United States; (2) encourages higher education leaders, including presidents, deans, and administrators, to publicly condemn speech that incites or celebrates violence against any people based on religious beliefs, national origin, or ancestry; and (3) encourages institutions of higher education to engage with Jewish student organizations and ensure that Jewish students, faculty, and staff can pursue their academic and personal aspirations without fear.
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 438 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 26, 2023 Mr. Ossoff (for himself, Mr. Rubio , Mr. Warnock , and Mr. Scott of Florida ) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to RESOLUTION Congratulating Coco Gauff for her inspiring victory at this year’s US Open Tennis Championships.

Whereas, on September 9, 2023, Coco Gauff won her first Grand Slam title at the US Open; Whereas, on March 13, 2004, Coco Gauff was born in Atlanta, Georgia, and grew up in Delray Beach, Florida, where she still lives today; Whereas, while still living in Atlanta, Coco Gauff began playing tennis at the age of 6; Whereas, on June 9, 2018, Coco Gauff won the girls' singles title at Roland-Garros; Whereas, on March 19, 2019, Coco Gauff made her Women’s Tennis Association (referred to in this preamble as the WTA ) Tour debut at the Miami Open; Whereas, on July 1, 2019, Coco Gauff shocked the tennis world by defeating Venus Williams at The Championships, Wimbledon at the age of 15 years old; Whereas, on October 13, 2019, Coco Gauff won her first WTA singles title at the Upper Austria Ladies Linz; Whereas, on September 9, 2023, Coco Gauff’s US Open victory made her the youngest American to win a Grand Slam since Serena Williams won the US Open in 1999; Whereas, on September 11, 2023, Coco Gauff rose to number 3 in the WTA's world rankings; Whereas, on September 11, 2023, Coco Gauff became the number 1 ranked doubles player in the world alongside her doubles partner, fellow American, Jessica Pegula; Whereas Coco Gauff's talent led her to win her first US Open Tennis Championships women’s singles title; Whereas Coco Gauff has won 6 WTA Tour singles titles and 8 WTA Tour doubles titles; and Whereas Coco Gauff is an inspiration to millions of young girls and boys across the country with her passion for the sport, faith and victories : Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate congratulates Coco Gauff for her inspiring victory at this year's US Open Tennis Championships.
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 439 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 26, 2023 Ms. Smith (for herself, Ms. Collins , Ms. Warren , Mr. Kaine , and Mr. Casey ) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to RESOLUTION Supporting afterschool programs and Lights On Afterschool, a national celebration of afterschool programs held on October 26, 2023.

Whereas millions of children in the United States have parents who work outside the home; Whereas high-quality programs that expand learning opportunities for children, such as afterschool, before-school, summer, and expanded learning opportunities, provide safe, challenging, engaging, and fun learning experiences, including experiences that encourage the study of science, technology, engineering, and math that help children and youth develop social, emotional, physical, cultural, and academic skills; Whereas high-quality afterschool programs and high-quality expanded learning opportunities provide students with hands-on, engaging lessons that are aligned with the school day; Whereas high-quality afterschool programs complement regular and expanded school days and support working families by ensuring that the children of those families are safe and productive during the hours parents are working; Whereas high-quality afterschool programs engage families, schools, and diverse community partners in advancing the well-being of children and youth in the United States; Whereas high-quality afterschool programs that partner with high-quality community-based organizations build stronger communities by integrating schools with the larger community; and Whereas Lights On Afterschool, a national celebration of afterschool, before-school, summer, and expanded learning opportunities programs was held on October 26, 2023, to highlight the critical importance of those high-quality programs to children and the families and communities of those children: Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate supports Lights On Afterschool, a national celebration of afterschool programs held on October 26, 2023.
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 441 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 30, 2023 Mr. Hickenlooper (for himself and Mr. Budd ) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary RESOLUTION Designating October 2023 as National Learning Disabilities Awareness Month .

Whereas in section 602 of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act ( 20 U.S.C. 1401 ), a specific learning disability— (1) is defined as a disorder in 1 or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, which may manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations; (2) includes conditions such as perceptual disabilities, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, and developmental aphasia; and (3) does not include a learning problem that is primarily the result of visual, hearing, or motor disabilities, of intellectual disabilities, of emotional disturbance, or of environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage; Whereas a specific learning disability is the most prevalent disability of students who are served by parts A through D of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act ( 20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq. ), impacting 34 percent of all students who received special education services; Whereas, for academic year 2022, the National Assessment of Educational Progress reports that— (1) more than 95 percent of 4th and 8th grade students with a specific learning disability were not proficient in reading; and (2) more than 93 percent of 4th and 8th grade students with a specific learning disability were not proficient in math; Whereas the math and reading scores reported by the National Assessment of Educational Progress for academic year 2022 indicate that Black and Hispanic students with a specific learning disability experience greater opportunity gaps than White and Asian students; Whereas research shows that students with specific learning disabilities can achieve success commensurate with their peers, if given appropriate instruction and support; Whereas developmentally appropriate universal screening should begin as early as possible to assess which students demonstrate the most pervasive risk factors for specific learning disabilities; and Whereas research rooted in the science of reading establishes an evidence base of effective instructional methods for developing reading skills for students with or at risk for specific learning disabilities: Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate— (1) designates October 2023 as National Learning Disabilities Awareness Month ; and (2) calls on State and local education agencies to continue to meet the needs of students with specific learning disabilities through a free and appropriate public education.
III 118th CONGRESS 1st Session S. RES. 442 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 31, 2023 Mrs. Blackburn (for herself and Mr. Kaine ) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to RESOLUTION Designating October 2023 as National Country Music Month .

Whereas country music, a uniquely American sound, echoes from the backroads of the United States to the streets of Nashville, Tennessee; Whereas Bristol, straddling the Tennessee and Virginia state line, is recognized as the birthplace of country music ; Whereas the Grand Ole Opry, the most famous stage in country music, has been called the home of American music ; Whereas the Ryman Auditorium, the original home of the Grand Ole Opry, has been described as the Mother Church of country music ; Whereas country music reminds every American of the importance of faith, family, freedom, hope, opportunity, and patriotism; Whereas country music has influenced numerous other genres of music; Whereas country music is an incredibly diverse genre, appealing to Americans from all walks of life; Whereas country music has millions of fans all across the United States; Whereas the country music industry contributes billions of dollars in revenue each year to the economy of the United States; Whereas the Country Music Association first celebrated National Country Music Month in 1964; and Whereas President Nixon issued a presidential proclamation in 1970 to acknowledge October as National Country Music Month : Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate— (1) designates October 2023 as National Country Music Month ; (2) honors the contributions of country music to the story and history of the United States; and (3) encourages the American people to observe National Country Music Month with appropriate ceremonies and activities.