II 118th CONGRESS 2d Session S. 5373 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES November 21, 2024 Ms. Warren (for herself, Mr. Sanders , Mr. Van Hollen , and Mr. Padilla ) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources A BILL To establish the National Institutes of Clean Energy.

1. Short title This Act may be cited as the National Institutes of Clean Energy Act of 2024 . 2. National Institutes of Clean Energy (a) Definitions In this section: (1) Advanced energy technology The term advanced energy technology means a technology that— (A) reduces greenhouse gas emissions with high conversion efficiency; (B) minimizes energy, water, and material resource use; (C) was produced by or helps generate a renewable energy source; and (D) minimizes environmental harms to or negative public health impacts on frontline, vulnerable, and disadvantaged communities. (2) Frontline, vulnerable, and disadvantaged community The term frontline, vulnerable, and disadvantaged community means a community— (A) in an area described in section 301(a) of the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 ( 42 U.S.C. 3161(a) ); and (B) in which climate change, pollution, or environmental destruction have exacerbated systemic racial, regional, social, environmental, gender, and economic injustices by disproportionately affecting Black, Brown, and Indigenous peoples, other communities of color, migrant communities, deindustrialized communities, depopulated rural communities, the poor, low-income workers, women, the elderly, the unhoused, people with disabilities, or youth. (3) Institutes The term Institutes means the National Institutes of Clean Energy established under subsection (b). (4) Land-grant college or university The term land-grant college or university means— (A) an institution that is eligible to receive funds under the Act of July 2, 1862 (commonly known as the First Morrill Act ) (12 Stat. 503, chapter 130; 7 U.S.C. 301 et seq. ) or the Act of August 30, 1890 (commonly known as the Second Morrill Act ) (26 Stat. 417, chapter 841; 7 U.S.C. 321 et seq. ), including Tuskegee University; and (B) a 1994 Institution (as defined in section 532 of the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 ( 7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public Law 103–382 )). (5) Minority-serving institution The term minority-serving institution means an institution of higher education described in section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 1067q(a) ). (6) Renewable energy source The term renewable energy source means energy generated from a renewable source, including the following renewable energy sources: (A) Solar, including electricity. (B) Wind. (C) Ocean, including tidal, wave, current, and thermal. (D) Geothermal, including electricity and heat pumps. (E) Hydroelectric generation capacity achieved from increased efficiency or additions of new capacity at an existing hydroelectric project that was placed in service on or after January 1, 1999. (F) Hydrogen derived from a renewable energy source. (G) Thermal energy generated by any of the sources described in subparagraphs (A) through (F). (b) Establishment Not later than January 1, 2028, there shall be established the National Institutes of Clean Energy, which shall be an agency of the Department of Energy. (c) Activities (1) In general The Institutes shall— (A) invest in clean energy science, climate science, innovation, and research and development to reduce emissions and build climate resilience; and (B) support— (i) clean energy research areas, including— (I) demonstration projects for clean energy and climate research and development priorities, including microgrids, energy storage, electric vehicles, and advanced energy technologies in hard-to-decarbonize sectors, such as the aviation and shipping sectors; and (II) clean energy research areas that are underrepresented in existing Federal research and development funding, such as long-duration grid storage; (ii) research and development projects focusing on the impacts of energy production in frontline communities, including communities of color and low-income communities, that have been disproportionately impacted by environmental injustices; and (iii) research and development projects focused on impacts of clean energy and energy production on job loss, job creation, and workforce development, particularly in heavily unionized workforce sectors. (2) Priority In carrying out paragraph (1), the Institutes shall give priority to— (A) the development of technologies that will— (i) minimize environmental harms to or negative public health impacts on frontline, vulnerable, and disadvantaged communities; (ii) improve the public health of frontline, vulnerable, and disadvantaged communities; or (iii) create high-quality jobs with strong labor standards in frontline, vulnerable, and disadvantaged communities; (B) research and development of advanced energy technologies; (C) climate science and innovation and clean energy technology; (D) research and development that will be conducted at— (i) public universities and colleges; (ii) land-grant colleges and universities; (iii) minority-serving institutions, including historically Black colleges and universities; and (iv) consortia comprising 1 or more of the entities described in clauses (i) through (iii); and (E) research and development in geographic areas that have seen the worst job losses between 2016 and 2024, including rural areas and areas impacted by deindustrialization. (d) Authorization of appropriations There is authorized to be appropriated $400,000,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2025 through 2034 to establish and operate the Institutes.