II 117th CONGRESS 1st Session S. 1944 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES May 27, 2021 Mr. Reed (for himself and Mr. Tester ) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs A BILL To improve Vet Centers of the Department of Veterans Affairs, and for other purposes.

1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Vet Center Improvement Act of 2021 . 2. Definitions In this Act: (1) Vet Center The term Vet Center has the meaning given that term in section 1712A(h) of title 38, United States Code. (2) Veterans service organization The term veterans service organization means an organization recognized by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs for the representation of veterans under section 5902 of title 38, United States Code. 3. Productivity expectations for readjustment counselors of Vet Centers (a) Evaluation of productivity expectations Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall evaluate productivity expectations for readjustment counselors of Vet Centers, including by obtaining systematic feedback from counselors on such expectations, including with respect to following: (1) Any potential effects of productivity expectations, whether positive or negative, on client care. (2) Distances readjustment counselors may travel to appointments, especially with respect to serving rural veterans. (3) The possibility that some veterans may not want to use nor benefit from telehealth or group counseling. (4) Availability and access of veteran populations to broadband and telehealth. (5) Any effect of productivity expectations on readjustment counselors, including with respect to recruitment, retention, and welfare. (6) Whether productivity expectations provide incentives or pressure to inaccurately report client visits. (7) Whether directors and readjustment counselors of Vet Centers need additional training or guidance on how productivity expectations are calculated. (8) Such other criteria as the Secretary considers appropriate. (b) Systematic feedback (1) In general The Secretary shall— (A) make every effort to ensure that all readjustment counselors of Vet Centers are given the opportunity to fully provide feedback, positive or negative, on all items under subsection (a); (B) collect and safely store the feedback obtained under subsection (a)— (i) in an electronic database that cannot be altered by any party; (ii) in an anonymized manner, in order to protect the privacy of each respondent; and (iii) in a manner that allows for evaluation by third parties of the feedback, such as audit of the feedback by the Government Accountability Office; and (C) provide the feedback obtained under subsection (a) in an anonymized manner to the working group established under section 5. (2) Government Accountability Office audit Not less frequently than once each year during the five-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall audit the feedback obtained from readjustment counselors of Vet Centers under subsection (a). (c) Implementation of changes Not later than 90 days after the date of the completion of the evaluation required by subsection (a), the Secretary shall implement any needed changes to the productivity expectations described in such subsection in order to ensure— (1) quality of care and access to care for veterans; and (2) the welfare of readjustment counselors. (d) Report to Congress Not later than 180 days after the date of the completion of the evaluation required by subsection (a), the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on— (1) the findings of the evaluation; and (2) any planned or implemented changes described in subsection (c). (e) Plan for reassessment and implementation (1) Plan Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall develop and implement a plan for— (A) reassessing productivity expectations for readjustment counselors of Vet Centers, in consultation with such counselors; and (B) implementing any needed changes to such expectations, as the Secretary determines appropriate. (2) Reassessments Under the plan required by paragraph (1), the Secretary shall conduct a reassessment described in such paragraph not less frequently than once each year. 4. Staffing model for Vet Centers (a) In general Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall develop and implement a staffing model for Vet Centers that incorporates key practices in the design of such staffing model. (b) Elements In developing the staffing model under subsection (a), the Secretary shall— (1) involve key stakeholders, including readjustment counselors, outreach specialists, and directors of Vet Centers; (2) incorporate key work activities and the frequency and time required to conduct such activities; (3) ensure the data used in the model is high quality to provide assurance that staffing estimates are reliable; and (4) incorporate— (A) risk factors, including case complexity; (B) geography; (C) availability, advisability, and willingness of veterans to use telehealth or group counseling; and (D) such other factors as the Secretary considers appropriate. (c) Plan for assessments and updates Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall develop a plan for— (1) assessing and updating the staffing model developed and implemented under subsection (a) not less frequently than once every four years; and (2) implementing any needed changes to such model, as the Secretary determines appropriate. 5. Working group of readjustment counselors, outreach specialists, and directors of Vet Centers (a) In general In conducting the evaluation of productivity expectations under section 3(a) and developing the staffing model for Vet Centers under section 4(a), the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall establish a working group to assess— (1) the efficacy, impact, and composition of performance metrics for such expectations with respect to— (A) quality of care and access to care for veterans; and (B) the welfare of readjustment counselors and other employees of Vet Centers; and (2) key considerations for the development of such staffing model, including with respect to— (A) quality of care and access to care for veterans and other individuals eligible for care through Vet Centers; and (B) recruitment, retention, and welfare of employees of Vet Centers. (b) Membership The working group established under subsection (a) shall be composed of readjustment counselors, outreach specialists, and directors of Vet Centers. (c) Feedback and recommendations The working group established under subsection (a) shall provide to the Secretary— (1) feedback from readjustment counselors, outreach specialists, and directors of Vet Centers; and (2) recommendations on how to improve— (A) quality of care and access to care for veterans; and (B) the welfare of readjustment counselors and other employees of Vet Centers. 6. Improvements of hiring practices at Vet Centers (a) Standardization of position descriptions (1) In general Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall standardize descriptions of position responsibilities at Vet Centers. (2) Reporting requirement In each of the first two annual reports submitted under section 7309(e) of title 38, United States Code, after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall include a description of the actions taken by the Secretary to carry out paragraph (1). (b) Expansion of reporting requirements on readjustment counseling to include actions to reduce staffing vacancies and time to hire Section 7309(e)(2) of title 38, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new subparagraph: (D) A description of actions taken by the Secretary to reduce— (i) vacancies in counselor positions in the Readjustment Counseling Service; and (ii) the time it takes to hire such counselors. . 7. Report by Government Accountability Office on Vet Center infrastructure and future investments (a) In general Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a report on physical infrastructure and future investments with respect to Vet Centers. (b) Elements The report required by subsection (a) shall include the following: (1) An assessment of— (A) the condition of the physical infrastructure of all assets of Vet Centers, whether owned or leased by the Department of Veterans Affairs; and (B) the short-, medium-, and long-term plans of the Department to maintain and upgrade the physical infrastructure of Vet Centers to address the operational needs of Vet Centers as of the date of the submittal of the report and future needs. (2) An assessment of management and strategic planning for the physical infrastructure of Vet Centers, including whether the Department should buy or lease existing or additional locations in areas with stable or growing populations of veterans. (3) An assessment of whether, as of the date of the submittal of the report, Vet Center buildings, mobile Vet Centers, community access points, and similar infrastructure are sufficient to care for veterans or if such infrastructure is negatively affecting care due to limited space for veterans and Vet Center personnel or other factors. (4) An assessment of the areas with the greatest need for investments in— (A) improved physical infrastructure, including upgraded Vet Centers; or (B) additional physical infrastructure for Vet Centers, including new Vet Centers owned or leased by the Department. (5) A description of the authorities and resources that may be required for the Secretary to make such investments. (6) A review of all annual reports submitted under 7309(e) of title 38, United States Code, before the date of the submittal of the report under subsection (a). 8. Pilot program to combat food insecurity among veterans and family members of veterans (a) In general Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall establish a pilot program to award grants to eligible entities to support partnerships that address food insecurity among veterans and family members of veterans who receive services through Vet Centers or other facilities of the Department as determined by the Secretary. (b) Eligible entities For purposes of the pilot program, an eligible entity is— (1) a nonprofit organization; (2) a veterans service organization; (3) a public agency; (4) a community-based organization; or (5) an institution of higher education. (c) Application An eligible entity seeking a grant under the pilot program shall submit to the Secretary an application therefor at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require. (d) Selection The Secretary shall select eligible entities that submit applications under subsection (c) for the award of grants under the pilot program using a competitive process that takes into account the following: (1) Capacity of the applicant entity to serve veterans and family members of veterans. (2) Demonstrated need of the population the applicant entity would serve. (3) Demonstrated need of the applicant entity for assistance from the grant. (4) Such other criteria as the Secretary considers appropriate. (e) Distribution The Secretary shall ensure, to the extent practicable, an equitable geographic distribution of grants awarded under this section. (f) Minimum program requirements Any grant awarded under this section shall be used— (1) to carry out a collaboration between one or more eligible entities and one or more Vet Centers or other facilities of the Department for five years; (2) to increase participation in nutrition counseling programs and provide educational materials and counseling to veterans and family members of veterans to address food insecurity and healthy diets among those individuals; (3) to increase access to and enrollment in Federal assistance programs, including the supplemental nutrition assistance program under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 ( 7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq. ), the special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, and children established by section 17 of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 ( 42 U.S.C. 1786 ), the low-income home energy assistance program established under the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act of 1981 ( 42 U.S.C. 8621 et seq. ), and any other assistance program that the Secretary considers advisable; and (4) to fulfill such other criteria as the Secretary considers appropriate to further the purpose of the grant and serve veterans. (g) Provision of information Each entity that receives a grant under this section shall provide to the Secretary, at least once each year during the duration of the grant term, data on— (1) the number of veterans and family members of veterans screened for, and enrolled in, programs described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of subsection (f); (2) other services provided by the entity to veterans and family members of veterans using funds from the grant; and (3) such other data as the Secretary may require. (h) Report Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the status of the implementation of this section. (i) Government Accountability Office report (1) In general Not later than one year after the date on which the pilot program terminates, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a report evaluating the effectiveness of the activities carried out under this section in reducing food insecurity among veterans and family members of veterans. (2) Elements The report required by paragraph (1) shall include the following: (A) A summary of the activities carried out under this section. (B) An assessment of the effectiveness of the grants awarded under this section, including with respect to eligibility screening contacts, application assistance consultations, and changes in food insecurity among the population served by the grant. (C) Best practices regarding the use of partnerships to improve the effectiveness of public benefit programs to address food insecurity among veterans and family members of veterans. (D) An assessment of the feasibility and advisability of extending the term of the pilot program. (j) Authorization of appropriations (1) In general There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out the pilot program established under subsection (a) $50,000,000 for each fiscal year in which the program is carried out, beginning with the fiscal year in which the program is established. (2) Administrative expenses Of the amounts authorized to be appropriated under paragraph (1), not more than 5 percent may be used for administrative expenses of the Department of Veterans Affairs associated with administering grants under this section. (k) Definitions In this section: (1) Appropriate committees of Congress The term appropriate committees of Congress means— (A) the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives. (2) Facilities of the Department The term facilities of the Department has the meaning given that term in section 1701(3) of title 38, United States Code. (3) Institution of higher education The term institution of higher education has the meaning given that term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 1001 ). (4) Public agency The term public agency means a department, agency, other unit, or instrumentality of Federal, State, Tribal, or local government. (5) State The term State means each State and Territory of the United States, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. (6) Veteran The term veteran means an individual who served in the Armed Forces, including an individual who served in a reserve component of the Armed Forces, and who was discharged or released therefrom, regardless of the conditions of such discharge or release.