II 116th CONGRESS 1st Session S. 2641 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES October 17, 2019 Mr. Risch (for himself, Mr. Menendez , Mr. Rubio , Mr. Jones , Mr. Gardner , and Mr. Barrasso ) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations A BILL To promote United States national security and prevent the resurgence of ISIS, and for other purposes.

1. Short title; table of contents (a) Short title This Act may be cited as the Promoting American National Security and Preventing the Resurgence of ISIS Act of 2019 . (b) Table of contents The table of contents for this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. TITLE I—Promoting Stability in Syria Sec. 101. Appropriate congressional committees defined. Sec. 102. Findings. Sec. 103. Sense of Congress. Sec. 104. Strategy to prevent the resurgence of the Islamic State of Iraq and Al-Sham (ISIS) and its affiliates. Sec. 105. Briefings on Turkish incursion into Northeast Syria. Sec. 106. Humanitarian assistance to the people of Syria. Sec. 107. Report on accountability for violations of international law, including war crimes, and other harm to civilians in Syria during the Turkish incursion. Sec. 108. Restriction on arms sales to Turkey. Sec. 109. Opposition to loans from international financial institutions that benefit the Government of Turkey. Sec. 110. Statement of policy on denouncing targeting of Kurdish minority at the United Nations. Sec. 111. Participation of Turkey in NATO. Sec. 112. Report on net worth of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. TITLE II—Kurdish refugee crisis in Syria Sec. 201. Findings. Sec. 202. United States refugee program priorities. TITLE III—Sanctions Sec. 301. Definitions. Sec. 302. Imposition of sanctions with respect to senior officials of the Government of Turkey. Sec. 303. Imposition of sanctions with respect to foreign persons providing arms to Turkish forces in Syria. Sec. 304. Imposition of sanctions with respect to financial institutions that facilitate transactions for Turkish Armed Forces. Sec. 305. Imposition of CAATSA section 231 sanctions against Turkey. Sec. 306. Imposition of sanctions with respect to support by the Russian Federation for the Assad regime. Sec. 307. Sanctions described. Sec. 308. Implementation; regulations; penalties. TITLE IV—Termination provisions Sec. 401. Appropriate congressional committees defined. Sec. 402. Termination of certain requirements. Sec. 403. Humanitarian waiver. Sec. 404. Sunset. I Promoting Stability in Syria 101. Appropriate congressional committees defined In this title, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives. 102. Findings Congress makes the following findings: (1) The Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) have fought on the frontlines against the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS), in close partnership with the United States and United States allies. (2) While territorial gains have been made, the Department of Defense, as of August 2019, estimates that ISIS likely retains between 14,000 and 18,000 members in Iraq and Syria, including up to 3,000 foreigners. (3) Since 2015, the United States Government has deployed members of the United States Armed Forces to Syria for the purpose of the counter-ISIS campaign, in an advise, assist, and accompany role, working closely with the SDF. (4) The congressionally mandated Syria Study Group in September 2019 found, Although the United States military mission in Syria is often lumped together with the Iraq and Afghanistan missions in the forever war category, the Syria case offers a different, and far less costly, model. A small United States military footprint, supported by United States air power and other high-end capabilities, reinforced by a global coalition of like-minded allies and partners, rallied a local partner force many times its size to liberate territory from a terrorist group. (5) According to the Department of Defense, as of August 2019, the SDF continued to hold about 10,000 ISIS fighters in detention centers in Northeast Syria this quarter. Of these, approximately 2,000 are foreigners from more than 50 countries. The remaining 8,000 are Iraqi and Syrian. (6) In August 2019, the United States Government and the Government of Turkey began implementing a security mechanism to address legitimate Turkish security concerns along the Turkish Syrian border in which United States and Turkey established a Combined Joint Operations Center and the SDF withdrew forces from certain areas. (7) On October 9, 2019, Turkish military units began operations in Syrian territory. (8) On October 13, 2019, the SDF announced a deal with President of Syria Bashar al-Assad’s regime that would allow government forces to enter the Kurdish-controlled areas of Northeast Syria for the first time in years. (9) On October 14, 2019, the governing coalition of the Kurdish self-administered region in Northeast Syria announced that they were finalizing a Memorandum of Understanding with Russia. (10) On October 14, 2019, the European Union unanimously announced that it would suspend weapons exports to Turkey in condemnation of their military action against Syria. 103. Sense of Congress It is the sense of Congress that— (1) the United States and Turkey have been treaty allies since 1952, when Turkey became a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); (2) being a NATO member means that Turkey is treaty bound to safeguard the principles of democracy, individual liberty, and the rule of law, and importantly, should be united with other NATO allies in efforts for collective defense and the preservation of peace and security; (3) Turkey’s military invasion of Northeast Syria is an unacceptable and unnecessary escalation of tensions with the potential to cause a severe humanitarian crisis and undo the collective gains made in the fight against the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) by the United States and the 81 countries and organizations of the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS, including NATO and the European Union (EU); (4) Turkey should immediately cease attacks against the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) and recall its forces back to Turkey; (5) targeted sanctions against Turkey are an appropriate response in order for Turkey to be held accountable for its military offensive in Northeast Syria; (6) Turkey’s military invasion into Northeast Syria is the latest example of the weakening and problematic United States-Turkey bilateral relationship and undermines the security of the United States and its NATO allies, including that of Turkey; (7) the SDF have been critical partners to United States and allied counter-ISIS and broader counterterrorism efforts in Syria, and the United States should continue this partnership with the SDF; (8) the United States Government should utilize diplomatic and military tools to ensure the enduring defeat of ISIS; (9) the United States should stand by critical allies and partners; (10) Russian and Iranian political and military influence in Syria present a threat to United States national security interests; and (11) the United States Government, in concert with the international community, should hold accountable members of the Syrian regime and the Governments of the Russian Federation and Iran for atrocities against the Syrian people. 104. Strategy to prevent the resurgence of the Islamic State of Iraq and Al-Sham (ISIS) and its affiliates (a) Strategy required Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, in consultation with the heads of other appropriate Federal agencies, shall jointly develop and submit to the appropriate congressional committees a strategy to prevent the resurgence of ISIS in Iraq and Syria. (b) Elements of the strategy The strategy required under subsection (a) shall include the following elements: (1) A summary of the United States national security interests in Iraq and Syria and the impact a resurgence of ISIS would have on those interests. (2) A comprehensive assessment of current training and support programs by agency or department, specifically focused on countering ISIS and other terrorist organizations, including non-lethal assistance, training, and organizational capacity for the SDF, the Iraqi Security Forces, the Kurdish Peshmerga, and others to counter gains by ISIS and its affiliates. (3) A detailed description of United States Government efforts to support, develop, and expand local governance structures in areas in Syria previously liberated from ISIS control. (4) An estimate of the number of current, active ISIS members in Iraq and Syria, including an assessment of those being held in detainee camps or prisons. (5) A comprehensive plan to address ISIS detainees currently being held in Syria and Iraq, including— (A) the designation of an existing official within the Department of State to serve as a senior-level coordinator to coordinate, in conjunction with the lead and other relevant agencies, all matters for the United States Government relating to the long-term disposition of ISIS fighter detainees, including all matters in connection with— (i) repatriation, transfer, prosecution, and intelligence gathering; (ii) coordinating a whole-of-government approach with other countries and international organizations, including INTERPOL, to ensure secure chains of custody and locations of ISIS foreign terrorist fighter detainees; (iii) coordinating technical and evidentiary assistance to foreign countries to aid in the successful prosecution of ISIS foreign terrorist fighter detainees; and (iv) all multilateral and international engagements led by the Department of State and other agencies that are related to the current and future handling, detention, and prosecution of ISIS foreign terrorist fighter detainees; and (B) engagement with international partners on legal, tenable mechanisms for repatriating foreign fighters. (6) A description, which may be in classified form, of ISIS senior leadership and infrastructure and efforts to target leadership figures. (7) A comprehensive description of United States activities utilizing social media and other communication technologies strategy to counter ISIS’s propaganda, influence, and ability to recruit fighters domestically and internationally, including with private technology companies, and how such activities are being coordinated across the United States Government. (8) A description of the efforts of the United States Government, including economic sanctions, to deny financial resources, including revenues from natural resources extraction, sale of antiquities, kidnaping, extortion, taxation, smuggling, access to cash storage sites, and access to international financial networks, to ISIS and its affiliates, in conjunction with international partners and financial institutions. (9) A description of United States Government efforts to support credible war crimes prosecutions against ISIS fighters. (10) A plan to ensure the delivery of humanitarian assistance. 105. Briefings on Turkish incursion into Northeast Syria (a) Sense of Congress It is the sense of Congress that— (1) the Russian Federation and Iran continue to exploit a security vacuum in Syria and continue to pose a threat to vital United States national security interests; and (2) continued Turkish military activity inside Syria will negatively impact the national security interest and regional stability of the United States. (b) Briefings required (1) In general Not later than 15 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 15 days thereafter, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, in consultation with the heads of other appropriate Federal agencies, shall jointly brief the appropriate congressional committees on the October 2019 Turkish incursion into Syria, including the impact of the withdrawal of United States troops from Northeast Syria. (2) Elements of the briefing The briefing required under paragraph (1) shall include the following elements: (A) A description of the impact of the incursion on the ability of ISIS to reconstitute a physical caliphate. (B) A description of the impact of the incursion on the Russian Federation's military and political influence in Syria. (C) A description of the impact of the incursion on Iran’s ability to increase its military and political influence in Syria. (D) A comprehensive assessment of the United States Government's activities to counter Iranian and Russian influence in Syria. (E) An outline of planned joint actions by the Department of State and the Department of Defense, in consultation with the heads of other appropriate Federal agencies, regarding any and all stabilization funds or activities for Syria and an explanation of how such funds and activities can contribute to stabilization in the current environment and without the limited United States troop presence in Northeast Syria. (F) The creation and use by the Government of Turkey of safe zones to justify the involuntary or uninformed return of Syrian refugees from Turkey to Syrian territory or to justify the forced displacement of Syrians inside Syria or to prevent Syrians from seeking international protections. (G) The role of the Government of Turkey and Turkish-backed forces in facilitating humanitarian actors, including international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) for cross-border work from Turkey and in ensuring efficient open supply lines for humanitarian assistance and personnel through border crossing points on the Turkey-Syria and Iraq-Syria borders and facilitating safe passage of humanitarian assistance to Syrians inside Syria based on need. (H) The actions of the Government of Turkey and Turkish-backed forces in the operation of all camps for families displaced by conflict as civilian facilities and ensuring that camp residents, in particular women and children, are treated as civilian victims of conflict in accordance with international law and standards. (I) The actions of the Government of Turkey and Turkish-backed forces in taking effective measures to protect civilians and civilian infrastructure, including health facilities, water-pumping stations, and restricting use of explosive weapons in populated areas. 106. Humanitarian assistance to the people of Syria The President is authorized to provide humanitarian assistance pursuant to the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2019 (division F of Public Law 116–6 ) to support the people of Syria, both in Syria and displaced in surrounding countries, in accordance with established international humanitarian principles. 107. Report on accountability for violations of international law, including war crimes, and other harm to civilians in Syria during the Turkish incursion (a) Sense of Congress It is the sense of Congress that— (1) Turkish and pro-Turkish forces should end all practices involving arbitrary arrests, enforced disappearances, torture, arbitrary executions, and other unlawful treatment; and (2) all stakeholders in the Turkish incursion should reveal the fate or the location of all persons who have been subjected to enforced disappearance by such stakeholders. (b) Report (1) In general Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that describes the causes and consequences of civilian harm occurring during the Turkish incursion into Northeast Syria, including violations of the law of armed conflict, and gross violations of human rights as a result of the actions of all parties to the conflict. (2) Elements The report required under paragraph (1) shall include the following elements: (A) A description of civilian harm occurring in the context of the Turkish incursion, including— (i) mass casualty incidents; and (ii) damage to, and destruction of, civilian infrastructure and services, including— (I) hospitals and other medical facilities; (II) electrical grids; (III) water systems; and (IV) other critical infrastructure. (B) A description of violations of the law of armed conflict committed during the Turkish incursion into Northeast Syria by all forces involved in the Turkish-led coalition and all forces fighting on its behalf and by any other combatants in the conflict, including— (i) alleged war crimes; (ii) specific instances of failure by the parties to the conflict to exercise distinction, proportionality, and precaution in the use force in accordance with the law of armed conflict; (iii) arbitrary denials of humanitarian access and the resulting impact on the alleviation of human suffering; (iv) extra-judicial executions and detention-related abuses; and (v) other acts that may constitute violations of the law of armed conflict. (C) Recommendations for establishing accountability mechanisms for the civilian harm, war crimes, other violations of the law of armed conflict, and gross violations of human rights perpetrated by Turkish and pro-Turkish forces Syria, including the potential for prosecuting individuals perpetrating, organizing, directing, or ordering such violations. 108. Restriction on arms sales to Turkey (a) Prohibition on arms transfers to Turkish military units No United States defense articles, services, or technology may be transferred under the Arms Export Control Act ( 22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.) to Turkey if such articles, services, or technology could be used in operations by the Turkish Armed Forces in Syria. (b) Exception The prohibition under subsection (a) does not apply to transfers for ultimate end use by the United States Armed Forces or in military operations approved by NATO. (c) No use of emergency authority The authority of the President to waive statutory congressional review periods under the Arms Export Control Act ( 22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.) in cases in which an emergency exists shall not apply to the transfer of defense articles or services to Turkey. 109. Opposition to loans from international financial institutions that benefit the Government of Turkey (a) In general The President shall direct the United States executive director to each international financial institution to use the voice and vote of the United States to oppose any loan from the international financial institution that would benefit the Government of Turkey. (b) International financial institution defined In this section, the term international financial institution has the meaning given that term in section 1701(c) of the International Financial Institutions Act ( 22 U.S.C. 262r(c) ). 110. Statement of policy on denouncing targeting of Kurdish minority at the United Nations It is the policy of the United States to use the voice and vote of the United States at the United Nations— (1) to denounce the targeting of the Kurdish minority in Northeast Syria; and (2) to in no way support activities of the Government of Turkey targeting the Kurdish community in Syria. 111. Participation of Turkey in NATO (a) Findings Congress makes the following findings: (1) Article 1 of the North Atlantic Treaty, signed at Washington April 4, 1949, states, The Parties undertake, as set forth in the Charter of the United Nations, to settle any international dispute in which they may be involved by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security and justice are not endangered, and to refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force in any manner inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations. (2) Turkey has invaded Northeast Syria with the intention of targeting the Kurdish minority in the country, in a manner inconsistent with article 1 of the North Atlantic Treaty. (b) Department of State report on participation of Turkey in NATO Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that includes the following elements: (1) An assessment of the historical contributions made by Turkey to the NATO alliance since it became a member in 1952. (2) An assessment of the impact of Turkey’s October 2019 incursion into Northeast Syria for the national security of its NATO allies. (3) An assessment of Turkey’s role in the alliance and the future prospects for Turkey to fully embrace and implement all 14 articles of the North Atlantic Treaty. 112. Report on net worth of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the estimated net worth and known sources of income of Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and his family members (including spouse, children, parents, and siblings), including assets, investments, other business interests, and relevant beneficial ownership information. II Kurdish refugee crisis in Syria 201. Findings Congress makes the following findings: (1) According to the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, more than 160,000 Syrian Kurdish civilians are internally displaced and more than 400,000 civilians in the Syrian conflict zone will have significant humanitarian needs in Kurdish-controlled areas of Northeastern Syria as a result of ongoing Turkish operations against Syrian Democratic Forces. (2) Members of the Syrian Democratic Forces have fought on the front lines against the Islamic State, in partnership and with the close support of the United States and its allies. 202. United States refugee program priorities (a) In general The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall designate, as Priority 2 refugees of special humanitarian concern— (1) Syrian Kurds, stateless persons who habitually resided in Syria, and other Syrians who partnered with, or worked for or directly with, the United States Government in Syria; (2) Syrian Kurds, stateless persons who habitually resided in Syria, and other Syrians who were employed in Syria by— (A) a media or nongovernmental organization based in the United States; (B) an organization or entity that has received a grant from, or entered into a cooperative agreement or contract with, the United States Government; or (C) an organization that— (i) was continuously physically present in Northeast Syria between 2011 and the date of the enactment of this Act; and (ii) has partnered with an organization described in subparagraph (A) or (B); (3) the spouses, children, sons, daughters, siblings, and parents of aliens described in paragraph (1) or section 204(b); (4) Syrian Kurds, stateless persons who habitually resided in Syria, and other Syrians who have an immediate relative (as defined in section 201(b)(2)(A)(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1151(b)(2)(A)(i) )) or a family member described in section 203(a) of such Act ( 8 U.S.C. 203(a) ) who is physically present in the United States; (5) Syrian Kurds, stateless persons who habitually resided in Syria, and other Syrians who were or are employed by the United States Government in Syria, for an aggregate period of at least 1 year; and (6) citizens or nationals of Syria or Iraq, or stateless persons who habitually resided in Syria or Iraq, who provided service to United States counter-ISIS efforts for an aggregate period of at least 1 year. (b) Eligibility for admission as a refugee An alien may not be denied the opportunity to apply for admission as a refugee under this section solely because such alien qualifies as an immediate relative of a national of the United States or is eligible for admission to the United States under any other immigrant classification. (c) Membership in certain Syrian organizations An applicant for admission to the United States may not be deemed inadmissible based on membership in, or support provided to, the Syrian Democratic Forces. (d) Exclusion from numerical limitations Aliens provided refugee status under this section shall not be counted against any numerical limitation under section 201, 202, 203, or 207 of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1151 , 1152, 1153, and 1157). (e) Identification of other persecuted groups The Secretary of State, or the designee of the Secretary, is authorized to classify other groups of Syrians, including vulnerable populations, as Priority 2 refugees of special humanitarian concern. (f) Satisfaction of other requirements Aliens granted status under this section as Priority 2 refugees of special humanitarian concern under the refugee resettlement priority system shall be deemed to satisfy the requirements under section 207 of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1157 ) for admission to the United States. III Sanctions 301. Definitions In this title: (1) Admission; admitted; alien The terms admission , admitted , and alien have the meanings given those terms in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1101 ). (2) Appropriate congressional committees The term appropriate congressional committees means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives. (3) Financial institution The term financial institution means a financial institution specified in subparagraph (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G), (H), (I), (J), (M), or (Y) of section 5312(a)(2) of title 31, United States Code. (4) Foreign financial institution The term foreign financial institution has the meaning given that term in regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury. (5) Foreign person The term foreign person means an individual or entity that is not a United States person. (6) Knowingly The term knowingly with respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the result. (7) United states person The term United States person means— (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence to the United States; or (B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States or any jurisdiction within the United States, including a foreign branch of such an entity. 302. Imposition of sanctions with respect to senior officials of the Government of Turkey (a) In general On and after the date that is 15 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, each of the following officials shall be subject to the same sanctions as a person included on the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury: (1) The Minister of National Defense of Turkey. (2) The Chief of the General Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces. (3) The Commander of the 2nd Army of the Turkish Armed Forces. (4) The Minister of Treasury and Finance of Turkey. (b) Sanctions with respect to additional officials (1) List Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 60 days thereafter, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of the following foreign persons: (A) Senior officials of the Ministry of National Defense of Turkey involved in the decision to invade Syria. (B) Senior officials of the Turkish Armed Forces leading attacks against the Syrian Democratic Forces. (C) Officials of the Government of Turkey significantly facilitating Turkey’s military operations in Syria. (D) Officials of the Government of Turkey and members of the Turkish Armed Forces who are responsible for, are complicit in, have directly or indirectly engaged in, or have attempted to engage in, any of the following relating to Turkey’s invasion of Northeast Syria: (i) A violation of the law of armed conflict. (ii) A gross violation of internationally recognized human rights. (2) Imposition of sanctions On and after the date that is 15 days after the submission of the most recent list required by paragraph (1), each foreign person identified on the list shall be subject to the same sanctions as a person included on the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury. 303. Imposition of sanctions with respect to foreign persons providing arms to Turkish forces in Syria (a) Report required Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 60 days thereafter and as new information becomes available, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to the President and the appropriate congressional committees a list of any foreign persons determined to have knowingly provided, on or after such date of enactment, defense articles, services, or technology to Turkey if such articles, services, or technology could be used in operations by the Turkish Armed Forces in Syria. (b) Imposition of sanctions The President shall impose the sanctions described in section 307 with respect to each foreign person identified on the list required by subsection (a). (c) Exception The sanctions imposed pursuant to this section shall not apply to transfers defense articles, services, or technology for ultimate end use by the United States Armed Forces or in military operations approved by NATO. (d) Waiver (1) In general The President may waive, on a case-by-case basis and for a period of not more than 90 days, the imposition of sanctions under this section with respect to a foreign person if the President— (A) determines the waiver is important to the national security interests of the United States; and (B) not later than 30 days after making such a determination, submits to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the determination. (2) Renewal of waivers The President may, on a case-by-case basis, renew a waiver under paragraph (1) for an additional period of not more than 90 days if, not later than 15 days before the waiver expires, the President— (A) determines the renewal of the waiver is important to the national security interests of the United; and (B) submits to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the determination. 304. Imposition of sanctions with respect to financial institutions that facilitate transactions for Turkish Armed Forces (a) Halk bankasi or halkbank Not later than 15 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the following entities shall be subject to the same sanctions as a person included on the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury: (1) Halk Bankasi; (2) Halkbank; or (3) any successor entity to an entity specified in paragraph (1) or (2). (b) Additional financial institutions If the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Treasury, and the Director of National Intelligence, determines that any foreign financial institution (other than a financial institution specified in subsection (a)), has knowingly facilitated transactions for the Turkish Armed Forces or the defense industry in Turkey relating to the military operations of Turkey in Syria, the President shall, not later than 60 days after that determination, impose the sanctions described in section 307 with respect to that financial institution. 305. Imposition of CAATSA section 231 sanctions against Turkey (a) Treatment of purchase of S–400 air and missile defense system as sanctionable transaction For the purposes of section 231 of the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act ( 22 U.S.C. 9525 ), Turkey’s acquisition of the S–400 air and missile defense system from the Russian Federation beginning July 12, 2019, shall be considered to be a significant transaction described in that section. (b) Imposition of sanctions Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall impose 5 or more of the sanctions described in section 235 of the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act ( 22 U.S.C. 9529 ) with respect to the Government of Turkey. 306. Imposition of sanctions with respect to support by the Russian Federation for the Assad regime (a) List required Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 60 days thereafter, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to appropriate congressional committees a list of each Russian person that, on or after such date of enactment, knowingly exports, transfers, or otherwise provides to Syria significant financial, material, or technological support that contributes materially to the ability of the Government of Syria to acquire defense articles, defense services, and related information. (b) Sanctions A Russian person identified on the list required by subsection (a) shall be subject to the same sanctions as a person included on the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury. (c) Waiver (1) In general The President may, on a case-by-case basis and for renewable periods of not to exceed 60 days, waive the application of this section with respect to a Russian person if the President determines and certifies to the appropriate congressional committees that such a waiver is in the vital national security interests of the United States. (2) Certification The certification referenced in paragraph (1) shall include a detailed explanation of the specific factors upon which the determination was made that a waiver is in the vital national security interests of the United States. (3) Briefing Not later than 10 days after the issuance of a waiver under paragraph (1), and every 90 days thereafter while the waiver remains in effect, the President shall brief the appropriate congressional committees on the justification for the waiver. (d) Russian person defined In this section, the term Russian person has the meaning given that term in section 256(c) of the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act ( 22 U.S.C. 9545(c) ). 307. Sanctions described The sanctions described in this section are the following: (1) Asset blocking The President shall exercise all of the powers granted by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (except that the requirements of section 202 of such Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 ) shall not apply) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in property of a foreign person if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or are or come within the possession or control of a United States person. (2) Aliens inadmissible for visas, admission, or parole (A) Visas, admission, or parole An alien is— (i) inadmissible to the United States; (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other documentation to enter the United States; and (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into the United States or to receive any other benefit under the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.). (B) Current visas revoked (i) In general An alien described in subparagraph (A) is subject to revocation of any visa or other entry documentation regardless of when the visa or other entry documentation is or was issued. (ii) Immediate effect A revocation under clause (i) shall— (I) take effect immediately; and (II) automatically cancel any other valid visa or entry documentation that is in the alien’s possession. (C) Exception to comply with united nations headquarters agreement Sanctions under this paragraph shall not apply to the admission of an alien if such admission is necessary to permit the United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United States, or other applicable international obligations of the United States. 308. Implementation; regulations; penalties (a) Implementation The President may exercise all authorities provided to the President under sections 203 and 205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this title. (b) Regulations The President shall issue such regulations, licenses, and orders as are necessary to carry out this title. (c) Penalties A person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of this title or any regulation, license, or order issued to carry out this title shall be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1705 ) to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that section. IV Termination provisions 401. Appropriate congressional committees defined In this title, the term appropriate congressional committees means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives. 402. Termination of certain requirements (a) In general The restriction under section 108, the requirement under section 109, and the sanctions imposed under sections 302 and 303, shall terminate if the President determines and submits to the appropriate congressional committees a finding that— (1) Turkey has halted attacks against the Syrian Democratic Forces, Kurdish and Arab civilians, and other religious and ethnic minority communities in Northeast Syria; (2) Turkish forces not involved in coordinated operations with NATO allies or the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS have withdrawn from Northeast Syria; and (3) Turkey is not hindering counterterrorism operations against ISIS. (b) Financial sanctions Financial sanctions imposed under section 304 shall terminate if the President determines and submits to the appropriate congressional committees the finding described in subsection (a)(1). 403. Humanitarian waiver The President may waive the application of section 302, 303, or 304 for the purpose of providing humanitarian assistance if the President certifies to the appropriate congressional committees that such a waiver is important to address a humanitarian need and consistent with the national security interests of the United States and, not later than 15 days before issuing such a waiver, the President submits to such committees a justification relating to such determination. 404. Sunset This Act shall terminate on the date that is 3 years after the date on which sanctions imposed pursuant to this Act have terminated.