II 115th CONGRESS 2d Session S. 2578 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES March 20, 2018 Mr. Schatz (for himself, Mr. Wyden , Ms. Duckworth , and Mr. Peters ) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs A BILL To amend title 13, United States Code, to require the Secretary of Commerce to provide advanced notice to Congress before changing any questions on the decennial census, and for other purposes.

1. Short title; findings (a) Short title This Act may be cited as the 2020 Census Improving Data and Enhanced Accuracy Act or the 2020 Census IDEA Act . (b) Findings Congress finds the following: (1) The decennial census was embedded in article I of the Constitution of the United States by the founders of the United States to measure the progress of the country and help chart its future. (2) The 2020 decennial census will, for the decade to follow, shape the reapportionment of the House of Representatives and the drawing of thousands of State and local political jurisdictions. (3) Nearly $700,000,000,000 in Federal assistance to State and local communities every year is informed by the results of the decennial census. (4) The President and Congress seek to make the 2020 decennial census the most complete, accurate, and fair decennial census in the history of the United States. (5) The decennial census is the largest peacetime mobilization undertaken by the Federal Government. (6) Any late, untested changes to the operational design of the decennial census will introduce great risk to the success of, the accuracy of, and public cooperation with the decennial census. 2. Limitations and requirements for the decennial census Section 141 of title 13, United States Code, is amended— (1) in subsection (f)— (A) in paragraph (1), by adding and at the end; (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ; and and inserting a period; and (C) by striking paragraph (3); (2) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); (3) by inserting after subsection (f) the following: (g) Limitations and requirements (1) Notice to Congress of operational design, subjects, types of information, and questions In the 2020 decennial census of population and each decennial census thereafter, the Secretary may not— (A) with respect to the census, implement any major operational design that has not been researched, studied, and tested for a period of not less than 3 years before the date on which the applicable census occurs; or (B) include on the questionnaire for the census any subject, type of information, or question that was not submitted to Congress in accordance with subsection (f). (2) Biannual reports (A) Submission to Congress Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this subsection and biannually thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report that— (i) describes each component of the operational plan for the subsequent decennial census of population; and (ii) includes a detailed statement on the status of all research, testing, and operations that are part of the Bureau's comprehensive plan for the decennial census. (B) Internet publication On the date on which the Secretary submits a report under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall publish the report on the public Internet website of the Bureau. (3) GAO analysis Before the date on which a decennial census occurs, the Comptroller General of the United States shall determine and report to Congress on whether the subjects, types of information, and questions to be included in the census have been adequately researched, studied, and tested to the same degree as in previous decennial censuses. (4) Applicability Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to affect— (A) the mid-decade census conducted under subsection (d); or (B) the survey conducted by the Secretary that is commonly referred to as the American Community Survey . ; and (4) in subsection (h), as so redesignated, by inserting Definition .— before As used in .