II 115th CONGRESS 2d Session S. 3196 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES July 11, 2018 Mr. Portman (for himself, Mr. Udall , Mr. Coons , Mr. Whitehouse , and Mr. Burr ) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations A BILL To defend economic livelihoods and threatened animals in the greater Okavango River Basin, and for other purposes.

1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Defending Economic Livelihoods and Threatened Animals Act or the DELTA Act . 2. Definitions In this Act: (1) Administrator The term Administrator means the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development. (2) Appropriate congressional committees The term appropriate congressional committees means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives. (3) Kavango Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area The Kavango Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area , (in this Act referred to as KAZA ) is the world’s largest transboundary conservation area and was established by treaty by the five partner states of Angola, Botswana, Namibia, Zambia, and Zimbabwe for the primary purpose of harmonizing policies, strategies, and practices for managing shared natural resources across international borders and deriving equitable socio-economic benefits through the sustainable use and development of their natural and cultural heritage resources, including wildlife. (4) Secretary The term Secretary means the Secretary of State. 3. Findings Congress makes the following findings: (1) The greater Okavango River Basin, which ranges from the highland plateau of Angola to northeastern Namibia and northern Botswana, is the largest freshwater watershed in southern Africa. (2) The greater Okavango River Basin is home to over 1,000,000 people and is critical to the survival of several species of the world’s most endangered large mammals, including serving as a core habitat for the world’s largest elephant population. (3) Poaching and trafficking of threatened wildlife species in the greater Okavango River Basin and adjacent areas within KAZA have increased in recent years. (4) Governments in the region have taken important steps to coordinate through existing conservation frameworks to combat wildlife trafficking, ensure responsible resource management, support local livelihoods, and protect threatened wildlife species. 4. Sense of congress It is the sense of Congress that it is in the interest of the United States to engage, as appropriate, with the Governments of Angola, Botswana, Namibia, and neighboring countries, and in partnership with donors, regional organizations, nongovernmental organizations, local communities, and the private sector, to advance conservation efforts and promote economic growth and stability in the greater Okavango River Basin and neighboring watersheds and conservation areas. 5. Statement of policy It is the policy of the United States to promote inclusive economic growth through conservation and biodiversity programs that facilitate transboundary cooperation, improve water and natural resource management, and build local capacity to protect and preserve threatened wildlife species in the greater Okavango River Basin and neighboring watersheds and conservation areas within KAZA. 6. Strategy (a) In general The Secretary and the Administrator, in coordination with the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, shall seek, as appropriate, to work with the Governments of Angola, Botswana, Namibia, and neighboring countries, and in partnership with donors, regional organizations, nongovernmental organizations, local communities, and the private sector, to develop a strategy to— (1) create and advance a cooperative framework to promote sustainable natural resource, water, protected area management and wildlife management practices in the greater Okavango River Basin; (2) protect traditional migration routes of elephants and other threatened wildlife species; (3) combat wildlife poaching and trafficking; (4) address human health and development needs of local communities; and (5) catalyze economic growth in such countries and across the broader region. (b) Elements The strategy established pursuant to subsection (a) shall— (1) promote cooperative and sustainable water, natural resource, protected area management, and wildlife management policies and practices within and among the countries of Angola, Botswana, and Namibia, with a particular focus on the greater Okavango River Basin and the critical headwaters located in Angola; (2) protect and restore wildlife habitats and traditional migratory patterns of elephants and other threatened species; (3) combat wildlife poaching and trafficking in Angola, Botswana, Namibia, and adjacent areas within KAZA, including within regional and national parks and reserves, by building the capacity of the governments of such countries, local law enforcement, community leaders, and park rangers to detect, disrupt, and prosecute poachers and traffickers; (4) identify opportunities and mechanisms to leverage regional organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and public-private partnerships to contribute to support the implementation of the strategy; (5) establish monitoring and evaluation mechanisms, including measurable goals, objectives, and benchmarks of success, that are included in grants, contracts, and cooperative agreements to ensure the effective use of United States foreign assistance; and (6) coordinate with and build the capacity of regional conservation frameworks in order to advance regional conservation objectives. 7. United States support (a) In general The Secretary and the Administrator, in coordination with the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, are authorized to prioritize and advance ongoing efforts to— (1) promote inclusive economic growth and development through responsible water and natural resource management, protected area management, and wildlife protection activities in the greater Okavango River Basin and KAZA; (2) provide technical assistance to governments and local communities in Angola, Botswana, and Namibia and neighboring countries to create a policy-enabling environment for such responsible water and natural resource management, protected area management, and wildlife protection activities; and (3) build the capacity of local law enforcement, park rangers, and community leaders to combat wildlife poaching and trafficking. (b) Coordination and integration with regional conservation frameworks The Secretary and the Administrator, in coordination with the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, shall coordinate assistance provided by the Department of State, the United States Agency for International Development, and other relevant Federal agencies with existing regional conservation frameworks in order to ensure regional integration of conservation, wildlife trafficking, and water management initiatives, to prevent duplication of efforts, and to advance regional conservation objectives. (c) Coordination with private sector The Secretary and the Administrator, in coordination with the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, are authorized to work with the private sector and nongovernmental organizations to leverage public and private capital to promote sustainable resource management, combat wildlife poaching and trafficking, and support inclusive economic growth and local livelihoods in the greater Okavango River Basin and KAZA. (d) Monitoring and evaluation The Secretary and the Administrator shall establish monitoring and evaluation mechanisms, including measurable goals, objectives, and benchmarks, to ensure the effective use of United States foreign assistance to achieve the objectives of this section. 8. Report (a) In general Not later than 3 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary and the Administrator, in coordination with the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the implementation of this Act. (b) Matters To be included The report required under subsection (a) shall include a description of the strategy required under section 6, including— (1) the monitoring and evaluation plans and indicators used to measure performance under the strategy; (2) any legislative impediments to meeting the objectives of such strategy; (3) the extent to which the Governments of Angola, Botswana, Namibia, and neighboring countries have demonstrated a commitment and willingness to cooperate to advance efforts described in section 6(b); (4) progress made to date in meeting the objectives of such strategy; (5) efforts to coordinate, deconflict, and streamline conservation programs in order to maximize resource effectiveness; (6) the extent to which the Governments of Angola, Botswana, and Namibia and other governments in the region are investing resources to advance conservation initiatives; and (7) the extent to which other funding sources, including through private sector investment and other investment by the Governments of Angola, Botswana, and Namibia and neighboring countries have been identified to advance conservation initiatives.