Marine Mammal Protection Act Amendments of 2004

Bill: 108-hr-2693
Sponsor: Rep. Gilchrest, Wayne T. [R-MD-1]
Introduced: 2003-07-10 in the House
Policy area: Animals
Subjects: Administrative procedure
Administrative remedies
Alaska
Animal behavior
Animal breeding
Arts, Culture, Religion
Authorization
Bears
Biological research
Canada
Congress
Congressional reporting requirements
Consultants
Crime and Law Enforcement
Cultural relations
Department of Commerce
Department of the Interior
Ecological research
Economics and Public Finance
Ecosystem management
Emergency Management
Endangered species
Environmental Protection
Equipment and supplies
Eskimos
Europe
Executive reorganization
Export controls
Exports
Federal advisory bodies
Federal aid to research
Federal employees
Fines (Penalties)
Fisheries
Fishery management
Fishing
Fishing boats
Foreign Trade and International Finance
Government Operations and Politics
Government contractors
Government paperwork
Government procurement
Government publicity
Government trust funds
Grants-in-aid
Greenland
Handicraft
Hunting
Import restrictions
Imports
Indigenous peoples
Ivory
Law
Liability (Law)
Licenses
Marine Mammal Commission
Marine and coastal resources, fisheries
Marine ecology
Marine mammals
Minorities
Native Americans
Overfishing
Pest control
Pests
Planning
Protection of animals
Rescue work
Research
Research and development
Research grants
Russia
Science, Technology, Communications
Seals (Animals)
Sports and Recreation
Technological innovations
Whales
Whaling
Wildlife conservation
Wildlife management
Wildlife reintroduction

Summary:
action_date: 2003-07-10
text: 
Marine Mammal Protection Act Amendments of 2003 - Amends the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (the Act) to grant limited permission for a marine mammal product to be exported from the United States, including in cases where an Indian, Aleut, or Eskimo residing in Alaska exports the animal as part of a cultural exchange. 
 
Extends through FY 2008 authorizations of appropriations to: (1) the Departments of Commerce and the Interior, for specified marine mammal protection activities; and (2) the Secretaries of such Departments for cooperative agreements in Alaska.
 
Requires take reduction plans to track the number of animals from strategic stocks being incidentally lethally taken or seriously injured each year through recreational fishing (in addition to commercial fishing), and to publish proposals for reducing such incidents within a stock under certain conditions. 
Requires research on the nonlethal removal and control of nuisance pinnipeds, including the development of new technologies to deter such creatures. 
Authorizes appropriations for the Marine Mammal Commission through FY 2008. 
Renews the scrimshaw exemption for the eight-year period beginning October 31, 1999. 
Requires issuance of a permit for importation of polar bear parts (other than internal organs) from bears taken in sport hunts in Canada before February 18, 1997 (the previous date was April 30, 1994). 
Makes it unlawful for anyone under U.S. jurisdiction to release any captive marine mammal unless authorized under the Act. 
Establishes stranding response requirements relating to entanglement. Extends through FY 2008 the authorization of appropriations for a grant program and a fund for stranding or entanglement response. 
 
Requires issuance of a general authorization and implementing regulations allowing the incidental, but not the intentional, taking of marine mammals of a species or population stock in the course of an activity, that will have a negligible impact on such species or stock.
action_date: 2004-04-20
text: 
Marine Mammal Protection Act Amendments of 2004 - (Sec. 4) Amends the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (the Act) to grant limited permission for a marine mammal product to be exported from the United States, including in cases where: (1) the product is legally possessed and exported by a U.S. citizen for noncommercial purposes in conjunction with travel; and (2) an Indian, Aleut, or Eskimo residing in Alaska exports the animal as part of a cultural exchange. 
 
(Sec. 5) Extends through FY 2008 authorizations of appropriations to: (1) the Departments of Commerce and the Interior for specified marine mammal protection activities; and (2) the Secretaries of such Departments (relevant Secretaries) for cooperative agreements in Alaska.
 
(Sec. 6) Applies provisions concerning the incidental taking of marine mammals to all fishing operations (currently, only commercial fishing). Requires take reduction plans to track the number of animals from strategic stocks being incidentally lethally taken or seriously injured each year through recreational fishing (in addition to commercial fishing), and to publish proposals for reducing such incidents within a strategic stock under certain conditions. Requires the plan goal to be to reduce the mortality or serious injury of marine mammals taken incidentally in the course of commercial or recreational fishing within nine (currently, six) months of plan implementation. Adds additional representatives to take reduction teams. Directs the relevant Secretary to reconvene a take reduction team to explain any substantive differences between a take reduction plan proposed by a team and that published by the Secretary. 
(Sec. 7) Requires research on the nonlethal removal and control of nuisance pinnipeds (seals and sea lions), including the development of new technologies to deter such creatures. Requires an annual report from the Secretary of Commerce to specified congressional committees on research results. 
(Sec. 8) Repeals the 11-member minimum required number for the Marine Mammal Commission. Authorizes appropriations for the Commission through FY 2008. 
(Sec. 9) Renews the scrimshaw exemption (allowing the processing and sale of pre-Endangered Species Act ivory) for the eight-year period beginning October 31, 1999. 
(Sec. 10) Requires issuance of a permit for importation of polar bear parts (other than internal organs) from bears taken in sport hunts in Canada before February 18, 1997 (the previous date was April 30, 1994). Directs the Secretary of the Interior to make public semiannually information on the grant or denial of permits authorizing the importation of polar bear trophies. 
(Sec. 11) Makes it unlawful for anyone under U.S. jurisdiction to release any captive marine mammal unless authorized under the Act. 
(Sec. 12) Establishes stranding response requirements relating to entanglement. Extends through FY 2008 the authorization of appropriations for a grant program and a fund for stranding or entanglement response. 
 
(Sec. 13) Redefines &quot;harassment&quot; with respect to a marine mammal as any act that: (1) injures or has the potential to injure in the wild; (2) disturbs or has the potential to disturb in the wild through the disruption of biologically significant factors; or (3) is directed toward a specific individual, group, or stock of mammals in the wild. Declares (1), above, as Level A harassment and (2) or (3) as Level B harassment. 
 
(Sec. 14) Removes references to &quot;small numbers&quot; in connection with the incidental taking of marine mammals as part of animal research. 
(Sec. 16) Makes the Secretary of Agriculture responsible for determining the adequacy of facilities holding captive marine mammals. Prohibits the relevant Secretary from requiring or requesting that any marine mammal remain subject to U.S. jurisdiction when that mammal or its progeny is located in waters or land subject to the jurisdiction of another country. 
(Sec. 17) Directs the Secretary of Commerce (currently, the Secretary of the department in which the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration is operating) to carry out a research and development program to devise fishing methods and gear that reduce the incidental taking of marine mammals. Authorizes such Secretary to establish a grant program for the development of such fishing gear. Limits grants to $20,000. 
(Sec. 18) Authorizes the relevant Secretary to make grants or other financial assistance to Federal or State agencies, public or private institutions, or other persons to undertake research in subjects relevant to the protection and conservation of marine mammals and the ecosystem upon which they depend. 
(Sec. 19) Increases under the Act: (1) personal civil fines and criminal penalties; and (2) vessel penalties.

Legislative actions:
action_date: 2004-04-20
text: Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 268.
action_date: 2004-04-20
text: Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Resources. H. Rept. 108-464.
action_date: 2004-04-20
text: Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Resources. H. Rept. 108-464.
action_date: 2003-11-05
text: Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by Voice Vote.
action_date: 2003-11-05
text: Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held.
action_date: 2003-09-25
text: Forwarded by Subcommittee to Full Committee (Amended) by Voice Vote.
action_date: 2003-09-25
text: Subcommittee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held.
action_date: 2003-07-24
text: Subcommittee Hearings Held.
action_date: 2003-07-11
text: Referred to the Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife and Oceans.
action_date: 2003-07-10
text: Referred to the House Committee on Resources.
action_date: 2003-07-10
text: Introduced in House
action_date: 2003-07-10
text: Introduced in House