RBMK nuclear reactor simulator down load - Page 1
Forum section: electronics / general

author: Beamin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 22, 2020, 01:41:06 am
content: https://www.simgenics.com/At bottom of pageReally cool download where you get to control a RBMK reactor and make it meltdown chernobyl style if you want. Very technical and takes a bit of a learning curve, but you can xenon poison it by going below 700Mwatts as the power graph shows.

author: jmelson
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 23, 2020, 04:36:09 pm
content: Quote from: Beamin on November 22, 2020, 01:41:06 amYeesh! Maybe this is actually a security/export controls violation, as the RBMK 1000 is a plutonium production reactor that also makes electricity and municipal heating on the side. The sooner they get rid of these things, the better for everyone. You don't want to be training people in how to operate them, or MIS-operate them!Jon

author: tom66
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 23, 2020, 09:40:17 pm
content: Direct link if you don't want to supply details:https://www.simgenics.com/downloads/Chernobyl_Installer.zipVery cool! (Or, the opposite, in meltdown...)

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 23, 2020, 11:14:50 pm
content: Quote from: jmelson on November 23, 2020, 04:36:09 pmI find your words strange.I have lived near this reactor almost all my life, and for a while it was visible from my window. This is a complete analog of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. I'm not an expert in nuclear power, but I've never heard of plutonium in our reactor. This is a peaceful atom.

author: tszaboo
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 23, 2020, 11:46:36 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 23, 2020, 11:14:50 pmDont worry friend, it only makes peaceful plutonium, yes?Do you also read RT with the milk every morning?

author: Cerebus
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 24, 2020, 12:49:06 am
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 23, 2020, 11:14:50 pmThe atoms know nothing about abstract concepts like "peace" they just understand physics. Where you have238U and thermal neutrons flying about you're going to end up with239Pu. So, there will be plutonium there, it's an inevitable consequence of operating the reactor.The RMBK reactors are graphite moderated and, notably, use natural (not enriched) Uranium as fuel. The RMBK design was based on the earlier military reactors that were operated explicity to produce plutonium. The Hanford B reactor used to produce the plutonium for the American Fat Man bomb that was dropped on Japan was graphite moderated and fueled with unenriched uranium. So I think we can safely conclude that the RMBK reactors are 'dual use' designs, even if they were only ostensibly operated for power production.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 24, 2020, 12:55:28 am
content: Quote from: NANDBlog on November 23, 2020, 11:46:36 pmYou may be surprised, but in Russia, the operation of nuclear reactors is studied at school.Rosatom organizes excursions for bloggers even to operating reactors and spent fuel storage facilities. I can find these videos for you if you don't find it difficult to read the translation of the subtitles (they are in Russian). This is not a secret and Rosatom encourages people to talk about their work.The nuclear power plant provides powerful lines that power entire regions and heavy industry - a good side effect for producing plutonium, isn't it? Russia has 11 nuclear power plants, a total of 38 operating nuclear reactors - do you think we collect mountains of plutonium from them to destroy the whole World?Of course, Russia has enterprises for the production of weapons-grade plutonium and has nuclear weapons. But our nuclear power plants are designed to produce electricity.And RT is not on the Russian air, very few people watch it in Russia. This is a channel for foreign broadcasting. After all, we learn from Western countries - for a long time, broadcasting went in our direction: Voice of America, Radio liberty, etc. Why shouldn't Russia have its own foreign broadcasting channel to express its position? In the free World, you are free to choose which TV to watch. If you don't like RT, don't watch it.If you find a lie in the RT broadcast, let me know - I will write them a complaint.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 24, 2020, 01:14:05 am
content: Quote from: Cerebus on November 24, 2020, 12:49:06 amGetting weapons-grade plutonium is much more difficult than getting it from a nuclear power plant reactor.There are special companies for this purpose. Whether they use spent fuel from nuclear power plants or not, I do not know. But I know that fuel assemblies are stored for 3 years next to the reactor in the cooling pool after work.

author: Canis Dirus Leidy
author_rank: Regular Contributor
timestamp: November 24, 2020, 03:04:15 am
content: Quote from: jmelson on November 23, 2020, 04:36:09 pmAlthough, according to the initial terms of reference, the RBMK was supposed to be a double purpose reactor, butduring the design this requirement was dropped.

author: Berni
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 24, 2020, 06:20:31 am
content: That is pretty neat looking, tho i would have expected them to update it to there fancy pants sleek dark theme GUI style that they are selling (Tho to be fair this oldschool GUI is a lot more readable)I don't see the problem with this being available on the internet. You can already get plenty of pretty deep information on how nuclear reactors work out there, heck even just on YouTube (And its probably also perfectly advertiser friendly unlike a lot of other topics).As for plutonium, yes pretty much all operating power generating nuclear reactors produce plutonium, some are just more efficient at doing it. But its not like plutonium just drops out the bottom of it, instead the huge pile of fuel rods have to be all processed in a quite involved procedure to extract the plutonium. Getting your hands on all that is not easy.

author: Kleinstein
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 24, 2020, 08:36:28 am
content: The reactor is only one part in the process of producing plutonium. Essentially all reactors that use uranium generate some plutonium, but the difficult part is separating it from the rest. To get weapons grade plutonium one needs the fuel to be in the reactor only for a relatively short time, so that less of heavier plutonium isotopes are generated. The RMBK allows for a relatively easy removal of the fuel and thus can make is practical to use is for plutonium production. Also for non weapons grade material a low burn down rate, as typical for lower enrichment is beneficial. However other reactors can be used for that purpose as well, it is just less economical and more unusual to remove the fuel early.Just the simulation of the basic physics / control has nothing secret, it is more like a way to educate about nuclear energy and complex control systems. Real reactor operation should be quite different in that one has less control an hopefully more security measures in place. For the fun of it, it would not be much different if the simulation would be about a virus or a fish tank.

author: daqq
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 24, 2020, 09:00:49 am
content: If you already have access to a reactor, nuclear fuel, the industry needed to separate plutonium, then I don't think the thing stopping you from making a nuke or something nasty is the lack of a freely downloadable app simulating the rough operation of the most famous and publicly documented reactor in the world.I mean, I can't see a situation where a supervilain/rogue state/whatever acquires all of that and in the end curses his luck on the download being removed.

author: CJay
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 24, 2020, 12:27:22 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 24, 2020, 01:14:05 amHow touchingly naive.Of course spent nuclear fuel from power plants is used, why would you *not* use it if it contains by products that can be refined and used?Whywould you waste that valuable fissile material?

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 24, 2020, 12:45:52 pm
content: Quote from: CJay on November 24, 2020, 12:27:22 pmDue to the fact that the fuel assemblies are in the reactor for a long time, they contain a lot of isotopes, and to get plutonium, as I know from school education, you need to conduct a fairly subtle and short-term reaction.And I'm surprised: do you really all think that in Russia 38 civilian nuclear reactors are only engaged in producing weapons-grade plutonium?

author: wraper
author_rank: Unknown
timestamp: November 24, 2020, 12:55:30 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 24, 2020, 01:14:05 amNuclear reactors is the only place where you get it from. There is no plutonium in nature other than trace amounts. According to Russian wiki, initially RBMK was meant to be dual use (capable of producing weapons-grade plutonium), however during it's design it was changed to single use. It still produces Pu-239 which is used in weapons, however, most of it is turned into higher number Pu isotopes. As I understand, to get Pu-239, you need to extract a relatively fresh nuclear fuel from the reactor.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 24, 2020, 12:59:03 pm
content: Quote from: wraper on November 24, 2020, 12:55:30 pmFor this purpose special reactors are used in the defense industry.

author: wraper
author_rank: Unknown
timestamp: November 24, 2020, 01:02:49 pm
content: Quote from: CJay on November 24, 2020, 12:27:22 pmSpent fuel contains barely any weapons grade plutonium (Pu-239). Other isotopes such as Pu-240, 241 and 242 though technically possible, are not feasible for producing weapons.

author: Kleinstein
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 24, 2020, 01:51:00 pm
content: The plutonium in spend fuel left longer in the reactor still contain quite a lot of Pu239, but also more Pu240,241,.. which make it no longer usably for weapons. So one can separate the plutonium from the fuel, but is would be reactor grade plutonium useful in MOX fuel or in a fast reactor.The point in the RMBK is not so much that it uses a graphite moderator, but that allow easy access to the fuel and thus if wanted to remove some fuel early to produce weapons material. This also applies to the Canadian CANDU reactors, so not a unique feature.The more conventional reactors need to shut down the reactor for quite some time to exchange fuel and thus make it less attractive and near impossible to do it in secret. Essentially any reactor could be used to generate weapons grade material, but the RMBK and CANDU are designs that make it easier and less expensive. Anyway Russia, the US and likely even GB and France should have plenty of weapons grade material, so there is no real need to produce new.

author: CJay
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 24, 2020, 02:21:06 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 24, 2020, 12:45:52 pmI don't recall saying that.I do recall form declassified documents and my school education that reactors that were 'built for energy generation' were often *EDITED* dual purpose or no such thing and were often used for the production of material used for weapons.I'm also old and cynical enough to not 100% trust government declarations.But as I said, you seem touchingly naive, long may your innocence last.

author: LaserSteve
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 25, 2020, 04:54:13 pm
content: Even if you had access to the full size simulator, without some serious training in how to warm up the beast, you would not get far in the actual control room.Warming up too fast, will cause many reactors to level off from poisoning that can take days to recover from. Other issues like Wigner effect in the graphite of an RBMK could cause surprises. There are things like mechanical limits on how many rods you can pull at once, by design.If you read the translation of one of the more candid Russian reports on Chernobyl, much of what would be known physics to a US operator was considered classified need to know by the Russians at the time, partially leading to the disaster. I do not have time to download the sim, but does it require you to pre-warm the coolant by running the pumps before startup? Do you have to insert a start-up source? Do you have to pull the low level reactivity monitor out of the core before throttling up? Not knowing little things like that can halt the sequence easily enough.Pulling the hot reactor fuel without a storage cask or years of cool down in the fuel pool would have you dead in an hour or two, if not in 15 minutes.You would not live long enough to fab even a dirty bomb working close up with even a few grams of hot spent fuel. There is a reason they have it cool down before transporting to a hot cell.Pu production is highly specialized, enough that it is very easy to spot on a IAEA inspection.Having the training software out there is good for education and understanding. No matter what side of the debate your on, having some experience at running a sim could make you more aware of the care, expense, and planning that is required to commission, run, or decommission a reactor. As my state (Ohio) is tied up with the House Bill Six reactor bailout fiasco right now, I can't see how having a bit of education on the issue is a bad thing.This video makes it look easy, but note the Cherenkov glow. That fuel is really, really radioactive, requiring the facilities of a nation-state to handle. You think the cranes you'd need to move the fuel would not be a give away? Reactor crime would not be a one person effort either. You think the RO has access to the the keys to open the containment, and the fuel pool gates and channels?https://youtu.be/DogPLc0IzQMNon-issue.Steve

author: dmills
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 25, 2020, 05:51:31 pm
content: The real tell for a weapons Pu producer is the time a fuel element spends in the reactor.Basically if you leave them in too long and try for a high burnup design you get a mixture of Pu isotopes instead of the pure Pu239 you want for weapons.If the RBMK neutron energy distribution is anything like that of a UK style MAGNOX (Also graphite moderated, but CO2 gas cooled, of about the same vintage), then 6 months was more or less the magic number by my back of an envelope calcs.The issue is that one the Pu240 starts to build up the stuff gets difficult to use in a weapon because the spontaneous fission rate increases so the finely timed neutron pulse to trigger the thing gets buried in the spontaneous neutron emission and it will tend to fizzle.Separating Pu isotopes is of course even more difficult then separating uranium isotopes.Personally I suspect that both designs were really about Pu production, with the power as a nice biproduct.

author: schmitt trigger
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 25, 2020, 06:53:51 pm
content: We all know that the accuracy of the operating details that one can acquire from a simulator, any simulator, is whole dependent on how accurately the higher order effects are modeled.To develop and debug those, takes some serious time and effort. Don’t think they would be available with an amusement-grade simulator.

author: vad
author_rank: Frequent Contributor
timestamp: November 25, 2020, 08:00:34 pm
content: Quote from: dmills on November 25, 2020, 05:51:31 pmThis and powering Russian Woodpecker military radar conveniently located few dozen miles from Chernobyl power plant.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 07:27:13 am
content: Quote from: vad on November 25, 2020, 08:00:34 pmThe radar is not Russian for a long time and has long been turned off and almost destroyed.

author: Berni
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 07:49:22 am
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 07:27:13 amYep, cause they now have much better ways of detecting missiles from the US.The massive radar was still quite an engineering feat at the time and the powers it operated at was insane.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 09:52:57 am
content: Quote from: Berni on November 26, 2020, 07:49:22 amYes, there are modern means. And that radar is now located on the territory of another country, whose government is extremely hostile to Russia.I'm not a defense expert, but as far as I know (may be wrong), we now have a different defense strategy: we do not build an anti - missile defense system-it is not able to protect. But we have missiles that cannot be stopped, and we are announcing this so that no one doubts a retaliatory strike and has no idea of striking - there will be a devastating retaliatory strike for it.

author: vad
author_rank: Frequent Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 10:27:35 am
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 09:52:57 amYou are wrong. Russia built and operates anti-ballistic missile defense system ABM-4 Gorgon.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 11:19:44 am
content: Quote from: vad on November 26, 2020, 10:27:35 amThis system was built a long time ago. It protects only a small part of Russia - Moscow and from very old missiles. There is some new system, I don't know about it, but it won't save the country from an attack either. You probably know this better than I do.Our defense is our missiles.I'm sure there's not an idiot in the World who decides to start a nuclear war because any idiot knows the answer will be devastating.

author: CJay
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 11:24:41 am
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 11:19:44 amGrit your teeth and hope until January next year.

author: Berni
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 11:32:52 am
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 11:19:44 amIt almost happened on both the US and Russia side when the missile warning system made a false alarm.One of the stories from the Russian side says that the last guy who was supposed to push the big red button changed his mind.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 11:43:05 am
content: Quote from: CJay on November 26, 2020, 11:24:41 amWhat will happen next january?Are you referring to mr. Biden? I am sure that he is not a fool who will decide to fight with Russia. This is a smart and reasonable person, as well as the people who brought him to government.Apparently, there will be some contradictions, and they will become more, but it will not come to war, there will be a struggle of interests for resources in the economy. It is possible that there will be some demonstration of forse.In addition, as far as I know, the President of the United States can not personally press the button and launch missiles.And, of course, it is profitable to frighten voters with a threat from Russia. This is a common tool that has been used for a long time.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 11:49:16 am
content: Quote from: Berni on November 26, 2020, 11:32:52 amYes, there was such a story, but a long time ago. Since then, notification systems have become much more advanced.There is a lot of mysticism around that story. I do not exclude that this is fiction. Or grossly exaggerated.No one guy in our system can launch missiles or stop all missiles from launching.

author: CJay
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 12:13:29 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 11:43:05 amHe doesn't 'personally' press the button but he is the ultimate authority and can command the launch, if the command is obeyed or not is a different matter.I'm sure that also applies in Russia and I'm sure America is also used as a threat to frighten Russian citizens.You seem to be expressing an opinion that Russia is a purely altruistic and entirely peaceful nation state, I hope I'm wrong?

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 12:42:16 pm
content: Quote from: CJay on November 26, 2020, 12:13:29 pmIn the USSR, we were strongly frightened by an attack from the United States. We prepared for nuclear war even in school. There is no such thing now. The population is more presented with information about the expansion of NATO military bases. And this is true - Russia is surrounded by these bases. At the same time, you will not find Russian bases near NATO countries. But people are now not as trusting as in the USSR, and few people are concerned about what is happening outside. The population does not perceive this as a real threat of attack, it is some pressure and some probable danger, from which we have protection and there is no particular concern about this.It would be good for you to understand that Russia has a slightly different system. Our President has the maximum power, he is not part of the government, he is the leader. This does not mean that he is the sole manager of everything, but he has the authority to do so.In Russia, the TV channel will not be able to interrupt the President's speech. More precisely, it can, but only once.Historically, Russia did not start wars, did not attack other countries, but ended wars with victories. All military campaigns of the USSR and Russia abroad were at least formally honest-in support of the current legitimate government.We have no desire for war in our nation. We still have a generation that survived the war. We are brought up from childhood that war is the most terrible thing.I understand how strongly you are being served the Russian threat. This is convenient for the government. But isn't the threat of global crooks, financial tycoons, and transnational monopolies stronger? Maybe they have a stronger impact on your personal life, and not me with a balalaika and a bottle of vodka in my hands? Think about stereotypes.Believe me: we don't have the rhetoric of war with anyone. Of course, our country has some interests abroad and there is a demonstration of force. Unfortunately, such is the world. When the Soviet Union collapsed, we became completely open and formed a great friendship in the United States, but at this time there was poverty and devastation inside the country. We didn't like it.

author: vad
author_rank: Frequent Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 12:56:19 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 12:42:16 pmHere is the link to the list of wars that Russia fought.https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_RussiaIf I counted that right, Soviet Russia (1917-1991) fought 44 wars, modern (post Gorbachev‘a and Putin’s Russia) fought/is fighting 12 wars.Lol, the most peaceful country in the world

author: CJay
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 01:01:52 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 12:42:16 pm

author: Cerebus
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 02:46:28 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 12:42:16 pmWow, you really need to read some history books that weren't written by Russian propagandists.Alternatively, I can do you a really sweet deal and sell you some shares in London's Tower Bridge.

author: CJay
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 04:04:14 pm
content: Quote from: Cerebus on November 26, 2020, 02:46:28 pmThere is no evidence that Russians are interested in anything other than magnificent spires and have never manufactured anything in their chemical laboratories other than innovative flavourings for home market confectionery, Cozy Bears and the upmarket version Fancy Bears.I hear the polonium and novichok flavours are only available for export.Seems a shame the Russian window catch industry has so many quality control issues leading to 'unfortunate incidents'too.

author: wraper
author_rank: Unknown
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 05:22:28 pm
content: Quote from: CJay on November 26, 2020, 04:04:14 pmFrankly you're a gullible simpleton if you believe in Russians using polonium to kill somebody. It's literally a crappy poison, which is easy to discover, very hard to produce and is extremely expensive. As if they are so dumb to actually use it as poison.QuoteYeah, super poison which was not able to kill anyone.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 05:37:49 pm
content: Quote from: vad on November 26, 2020, 12:56:19 pmI hope you have read the essence of this list, and not just counted how many lines there are?Do you think the USSR was responsible for the war in 1941-1945, for example? And what is most surprising is that you consider the source in which the Russian war indicated the terrorist act of 1999, when сhechen terrorists seized the hospital and maternity hospital, to be irrefutably correct.I could discuss every point with you, but it is tedious and I have no desire to fight your fears. Besides, it's your right to think as you want. You have no doubts, apparently, you only think your point of view is correct. However, in the modern world there are very developed means of communication. You can easily find randomly selected people in social networks in the places of recent events: Crimea, Ossetia, Abkhazia, Donekts and Luhansk and ask them personally about their attitude to Russia and its actions. Don't believe me, see for yourself.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 05:50:13 pm
content: Guys, you can be afraid and believe in the threat of Russia, but without fanaticism, do not be too nervous. Let this give you alertness and cheerfulness. A good threat that will never happen. In Russia, there is a proverb: that's what the pike is for, so that the carp does not sleep.I have many friends and acquaintances all over the World. I have not seen such concern before. There are different opinions, but I have very, very rarely heard accusations. I'm certainly not going to fight anyone.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 05:59:27 pm
content: Quote from: CJay on November 26, 2020, 04:04:14 pmYou know, in Russia there is a new common expression: highly likely (pronounced in English). Previously, if a person does not have an answer, for question "why" was jokingly answered "because". Now they respond in english highly likely.And as entertainment, I recommend that you look for the BBC series "Secret operations MI6". It aired on Discovery a couple of years ago. There, the British literally brag about how their secret service killed unwanted people in other countries. Just because the UK government didn't like them. By the decision of some people, not the court. And this is not Kremlin propaganda, but the state channel of Great Britain.

author: 2N3055
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 06:01:05 pm
content: My dear friends from both side of Iron curtain which is no more...Berlin wall fell many years ago.EVERY government is is right and they lie most to their own people.Professionals don't leave traces, they make it look like an accident.If someone tries to provoke excuse for war, they dress up as foreign soldiers (Polish for instance), and attack their own border patrol (German for instance). Hence Hitler's occupation of Poland.USSR never attacked UK. NATO was occupying force in West Germany.There are many facts that are not so convenient to any side.Please stop with the politics. It useless, this is not the place, and most of all, you will always be wrong because you will never know most important pieces of information, because it's classified... So your conclusions will be always based on wrong and/or incomplete data, and, mostly, somebody's propaganda. Hence wrong. It's waste of time.All the best to all...

author: CJay
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 06:05:33 pm
content: Quote from: wraper on November 26, 2020, 05:22:28 pmFrankly you're an idiot if you think polonium kills with toxicity and doubly so if you believe the hollywood version of nerve agents that kill instantly on contact.BTW, you might want to google the name Dawn Sturgess.

author: CJay
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 06:06:14 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 05:59:27 pmAbsolutely, what makes you think your government doesn't do exactly the same?Because they told you so?

author: wraper
author_rank: Unknown
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 06:29:51 pm
content: Quote from: CJay on November 26, 2020, 06:05:33 pmI know it's radioactive and leaves it's traces all around. That's why I said it's easy to discover. The worst thing to kill stealthily.QuoteThere are thousands of times cheaper and more effective poisons, which leave way less traces. Say amanita phalloides (death cap) or it's relatives which are available to anyone for free. If you make an extract from it, you will need only a very tiny amount to kill with certainty. And as it has delayed symptoms, by the time you feel anything wrong, given enough dosage, you are already dead.

author: Cerebus
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 06:42:10 pm
content: Quote from: wraper on November 26, 2020, 06:29:51 pmYou're making the fundamental mistake thinking that the intention was NOT to be discovered to have killed a dissident living overseas. If you want to kill someone unattributably and quietly they get stabbed in a "mugging gone wrong" something that unfortunately can happen to anyone in any major city in the world. Poisoning someone, with anything, is a sure way to be discovered. To do it with something only easily available to a nation state, a highly restricted radioisotope, was the whole point.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 06:48:12 pm
content: Quote from: CJay on November 26, 2020, 06:06:14 pmIt doesn't talk about the relationship between spies and agents - they have their own world.Because I don't accept Russian propaganda. I often watch what they say to foreign media. I can see how blatantly they lie because I'm here and I can see it with my own eyes. Not you and not your media, but I was holding the hand of a child of a refugee from Luhansk, who shuddered and began to cry then fireworks in my town, that they think were being shelled. And you are told that the Russians attacked Ukraine. If you had less faith in the dishonest media, you could have made sure of everything yourself by asking people who are in it. There are a lot of videos taken by ordinary people on their phones. There is no propaganda in this, these are harsh facts.The secret service can hide a lot from me, obviously. But sources accusing them from abroad have compromised themselves with lies more than once and are not trustworthy.The same applies to Abkhazia and Ossetia. I was in Abkhazia - a wonderful little country with friendly people - you won't find any military there now, except for the border with Georgia. I was in Crimea, of course, just a year ago. There are Russian troops there, they have been there partially always. No one hides it. Our military went there and didn't let the war start. But for some reason they do not kill or shoot anyone.In Crimea, there are people who have become more difficult now, no one hides it and it's realy bad: some families were torn apart, some business ties were unlinked. But no one there will tell you that they regret what happened - they have peace and do not kill anyone. I can invite you: come to Crimea and talk to the residents. Or, as I wrote earlier, find them in social networks and ask. There are many people in Russia who can speak English.It may be funny to you, but war is not a joke, it is a great grief for people. Let there be crazy governments in their rhetoric, let there be any economic difficulties and so on, but there will be no war.How old are you? Did your ancestors survive the bombing of England in 1941-1945? Can't you imagine how terrible war is?

author: CJay
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 06:49:35 pm
content: Quote from: wraper on November 26, 2020, 06:29:51 pmPolonium kills with alpha emission, it's easily absorbed into the body and pretty much impossible to eradicate, it's a slow, painful, hideous death.Nerve agents are similarly slow and horrendous ways to die, their lethality depends on many factors including dosage and how you were exposed and absorbed them.If you just wanted someone dead then there are far simpler, more effective and less suspicious ways to kill, agreed.If you wanted to send a message though...

author: wraper
author_rank: Unknown
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 06:49:53 pm
content: Quote from: Cerebus on November 26, 2020, 06:42:10 pmYou are making fundamental mistake by assuming intentions of Russians was to shoot their own foot. Otherwise the reasonable assumption is that it was a setup.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 06:50:29 pm
content: Quote from: CJay on November 26, 2020, 06:05:33 pmAsk about the death of the North Korean leader's brother... This moment is on the video and he walks on the Internet.

author: tszaboo
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 07:00:31 pm
content: /mod:sorry, politics getting on my nerves

author: CJay
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 07:08:06 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 06:50:29 pmAre you saying Russia had something to do with that or or just throwing a straw man into the argument?It's absolutely no surprise that other nations have access to poisons or nerve agents.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 07:10:31 pm
content: Quote from: wraper on November 26, 2020, 06:49:53 pmHave you ever watched the news on the BBC, let alone DW? There are serious profi working. If I watch for a couple of weeks, I'll go to Red Square and shout "Russia don't kill the World".I will not go to Wikipedia to find out how many wines were attacked to Russia, but simply say that Russia participated in 38 wars.Frankly, we are already used to it. Let them accuse, let them live as they want with their fears.Let it be a single fear and concern, and everything else will be fine. I agree to be a scarecrow so that people don't have other worries, so that I'm the only problem.

author: wraper
author_rank: Unknown
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 07:11:33 pm
content: Quote from: CJay on November 26, 2020, 07:08:06 pmIt's about Hollywood style assignation with VX nerve agent sprayed on his face.

author: CJay
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 07:15:32 pm
content: Quote from: wraper on November 26, 2020, 07:11:33 pmExcellent, so do we agree, ingestion and dosage of nerve agents increases their lethality?How much time elapsed between the attack and his death?

author: 2N3055
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 07:19:29 pm
content: Quote from: NANDBlog on November 26, 2020, 07:00:31 pmWTF ? Check your facts...Again could you all please stop with this nonsense..Everybody is just bulshiting their own propaganda.Half of stuff said is wrong.Stop with the politics. Please.

author: wraper
author_rank: Unknown
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 07:19:50 pm
content: Quote from: CJay on November 26, 2020, 07:15:32 pmDunno exact time but he died in a way to hospital. So most likely less than an hour.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 07:23:02 pm
content: Quote from: NANDBlog on November 26, 2020, 07:00:31 pmYes, I know some people like Hitler's occupation better...But there was no Russian army in the Netherlands. Perhaps you are confusing the Russian army with the English one? It seemed to be the British sector. Or are you from a country that was in a social camp? I had a girlfriend from Czechoslovakia, we spoke English, although she understood Russian perfectly when it was necessary, she studied in Moscow. She called me an occupier and didn't want to speak my language, but she hugged me tenderly.It was fun. This was my first practice of speaking to a person in English.

author: tszaboo
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 07:26:15 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 07:23:02 pmI wasn't born here.And this is not an invitation, before you think it is.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 07:28:05 pm
content: Quote from: wraper on November 26, 2020, 07:19:50 pmHe lost consciousness in the video a few minutes later, quickly enough. For a while longer, he remains in the room barely alive in partial consciousness. But the poison took effect almost immediately. This is reality, it is on the video.However, there are people who will say that this is a staged shooting at the "Mosfilm" studio...

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 07:35:54 pm
content: Quote from: NANDBlog on November 26, 2020, 07:26:15 pmDo you consider me personally an occupier or a threat?You don't need to invite me, my daughter travels a lot, has been to the Netherlands several times, brought me beautiful cigars, they are very expensive here, in the Netherlands and Germany only 5 Euros.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 07:42:07 pm
content: Quote from: 2N3055 on November 26, 2020, 07:19:29 pmDon't worry, let the guys have their say. They have the right to think as they want and even make mistakes, too.I think they all come from social countries. I even understand their resentment - they did not have freedom of thought (and we too in USSR), their government was subordinate to Moscow. Now this is not the case, but they do not live in their own country...

author: tszaboo
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 07:52:34 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 07:35:54 pmYou personally, no. But take a hint from the Germans. At least they are sorry for what their country did.Anyway, this is way too political, and you dont seem to understand the problem. I'll leave this topic before I get myself banned.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 08:07:51 pm
content: Quote from: NANDBlog on November 26, 2020, 07:52:34 pmYes, from germans about my age, I noticed regret and some guilt. But they are not to blame, no one in Russia you will not find hatred for modern germans or any claims. Moreover, Germany is considered a friendly country. There are differences, but we live peacefully and cooperate a lot. We even feel somewhat sorry for those germans who were fooled by the scoundrel Hitler. We understand this tragedy.By the way, say Hello to the Holland and say that Russia remembers how Holland gave Russia the science of building ships, we love hollsnd flowers and adore Gus Hidding - he somehow improved our infamous football. In Russia, his name was Gus Ivanovich.P.S. I think the moderator here will not immediately ban... It will warn you that it's time to stop.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 08:16:34 pm
content: Quote from: CJay on November 26, 2020, 07:08:06 pmI want to say that the World is more complex than clear conclusions and simple solutions. Russia is a huge country, we definitely have a lot of fools and bad people, just like in other countries. Modern Russia is not much different from other countries.Sometimes I think that politicians of all countries conspire to frighten the population and give each other a reason to do that they are valued as fighters against threats...Ukrainian proverb says: the boyars argue, but the serfs hats fly (I don't know if it will be clear in another culture).

author: vad
author_rank: Frequent Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 08:50:18 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 05:37:49 pmThe war of 1941-45, so called “Great Patriotic War”, is an episode of the Second Word War. The reason why it was called so in Soviet Russia, was to conceal inconvenient truth about Russia’s role in WWII between September 1939 and June 1941. And the truth is: Russia together with Germany conspired the war, entered into pact with Germany (so called Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact), aiming to conquer and divide Europe (secret protocol to the Pact), together with Germany executed the military plans, invading Poland, capturing Baltic states, parts of Romania and attacking Finland, while suppling food and natural resources to its German allies while they were capturing the rest of continental Europe and bombing Britain. Too bad, the honeymoon between Stalin and Hitler did not last long. So yes, the WWII was started by Germany and Russia.The Budyonnovsk hospital hostage crisis that you are referring to happened in 1995, not in 1999. It was the episode of the 1st Chechen War (1994-96).It was the 2nd Chechen War that broke out in 1999. The war conveniently coincided with transition of power from unpopular president Yeltsin to his chosen successor Mr. Putin, who at the time was Prime Minister before serving as the head of KGB (the organization changed its name few times, but in essence it remains to be KGB, so I use its well known alias here). The causa belli for the 2nd war were apartment block bombings thousands miles away from Chechnya. Nobody claimed responsibility for the bombings. In one of the incidents, the bombers were arrested by local police while planting explosives in the basement of a building. The arrested turned out to be KGB officers, who were promptly released before disappearing. The war ended few years later, with many thousands killed, and Chechen capital carpet-bombed, while Mr. Putin is serving his 21st year as the president... So yes, 2nd Chechen War was started by Russia, and formal causa belli for that war was crafted by KGB.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 09:22:41 pm
content: Quote from: vad on November 26, 2020, 08:50:18 pmTell me, please, do you believe that the world trade center was blown up by the USA special services? Some Americans talk about it...The seizure of a hospital, the seizure of a school, the seizure of a theater, the explosion of a train station-are these also KGB agents? Did you know that KGB agents planted explosives in one of the universities and videotaped it to see how the students would react? And then published...Go to Chechnya and ask how the events took place. I don't have the energy to argue with the "new americans". You have left your country, settled your life - why should you lie and write nonsense?The criminal power of Yeltsin, who destroyed the country, shot the Parliament from a tank and made a bloody mess in Chechnya-this is our trouble. But Yeltsin was good and loved in Europe and the United States. Don't you think this is strange?

author: vad
author_rank: Frequent Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 10:04:34 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 09:22:41 pmNo, no, no. Putin is the most loved modern Russian president. Loved in Europe and the US. German chancellor Schroeder loved Putin so much, that he went to work for Putin after retiring from Bundestag (some say that he worked for Putin even before that). G.W. Bush looked into Putin’s eyes and saw his beautiful soul. While Yeltsin was a strange drunk president. Nobody liked him.PS. You are very sloppy with timing of the events. The hospital crisis happened AFTER the 1st war broken out. The Dubrovka theater gassing by KGB and Russian tanks firing live round at school in Beslan happened AFTER the 2nd war started. Same applies to your analysis of the downfall of USSR. Yeltsin came to power after Soviet Empire started disintegrating.PPS. So what we have is a country with stockpiles of warheads and barrels of Novichok from good old Soviet days, and criminals in power. Very “peaceful” country. Only 56 wars in the recent century.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 10:20:03 pm
content: Quote from: vad on November 26, 2020, 10:04:34 pmWhat to do here already... Well, dig a bunker, stockpile the products... I can't do anything to help you.If you are really in the United States, you will naturally pass the spirit of hatred inherited from another country. You will learn to respect the other person after time.

author: Bud
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: November 26, 2020, 10:24:57 pm
content: Dont get political, folks, it is an invite to lock the thread.

author: Beamin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: December 06, 2020, 11:28:03 am
content: Quote from: LaserSteve on November 25, 2020, 04:54:13 pmHere are instructions for turning it on. I still dont understand it fully. Not easy like the student operated reactor at MIT in cambridge Mass.https://youtu.be/xGEfABEkQ7U

author: Beamin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: December 06, 2020, 12:20:16 pm
content: Does anyone here think they could simulate the test that caused the meltdown and record it on youtube?Other then these videos I dont know where you would get the owners manual.

author: Beamin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: December 06, 2020, 04:15:29 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 11:19:44 am

author: Beamin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: December 06, 2020, 04:31:30 pm
content: Quote from: wraper on November 26, 2020, 05:22:28 pmWhat about the Poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko with polonium 210 in a UK hotel that made the place super radio active for months while they tried to clean it up. They put it in his tea and all his hair fell out before he died. They used it to show the world who did it because only a few people in this world have access to nuclear material.

author: Vovk_Z
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: December 06, 2020, 07:52:52 pm
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on November 26, 2020, 12:42:16 pmChechen Wars (it was A First and a Second too), was, I think the most 'peaceful' and have the most 'peaceful' pictures: (a first attachment)Grozny (capital of Chechnya) was totally devastated.And whose Crimea is now?You do know that there is even such a term appeared: 'победобесие' (a 'victory rage') - illustration is at a second attachment.

author: coppercone2
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: December 06, 2020, 08:18:47 pm
content: is there anything weird about the load impedance that a giant radar presents to a reactor powered system vs a conventional load that might require the reactor to run unsafely? like horrific power factor

author: Vovk_Z
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: December 08, 2020, 02:50:02 pm
content: There were only suggestions but any proved fact that it caused any bad power interference.I don't remember any evidence about dangerously large load variations on 26/04/1986.There are several similar stations, and they don't make anything weird onto the power system. Some of them are situated far from power plants.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: December 12, 2020, 02:27:14 am
content: Quote from: Vovk_Z on December 06, 2020, 07:52:52 pmLeave the stupid khokhlosrach for your TV shows...Find on Vkontakte or Odnoklassniki 10, 100, 1000 people in Chechnya and Crimea - ask them.You're just a young fool who doesn't understand what war is.

author: vad
author_rank: Frequent Contributor
timestamp: December 12, 2020, 03:19:00 am
content: Quote from: S. Petrukhin on December 12, 2020, 02:27:14 amChill out dear war expert. We all know what the Stockholm syndrome is. No need to ask hostages, whether they like the hostage takers. Especially, when the hostages are held at gunpoint. And there are well documented cases, where residents of those territories where thrown in jail, murdered or disappeared, for simply expressing discontent with the regime. Especially the social media platforms infested by KGB and local militia agents are suspect.PS. Continue enjoying cheese surrogates made of palm oil. After all, the self-imposed sanctions came in one package with annexation of Crimea.

author: vad
author_rank: Frequent Contributor
timestamp: December 12, 2020, 03:20:21 am
content: ...

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: December 12, 2020, 03:48:36 am
content: Quote from: vad on December 12, 2020, 03:19:00 amI do not know how long you have been in the United Statesand on what basis you draw conclusions about the hostages, but let me believe my eyes. I have been to Crimea and Abkhazia several times, imagine: no one spoke to me at gunpoint. If you visit Crimea, many people will tell you about the problems - they are there and obvious, they do not hide them, but no one regrets what happened and does not want to go back.And recently, russian troops stopped the war in Karabakh. Who do you think the hostages are: Armenians or Azerbaijanis?Yes, also: bears with a bottle of vodka, a balalaika and an AK-74 do not go in Russia: look at hundreds of thousands of web cameras all over Russia.

author: vad
author_rank: Frequent Contributor
timestamp: December 12, 2020, 01:28:11 pm
content: What happened to renowned Soviet education system? Did Putin destroyed that too? When I was a kid, school students could easily tell Abkhazia from Chenen republic. They did not know a thing about economics or civics, but studied Geography and AK-47 handling and sharpshooting skills in middle school.As for evidence - I do not need your eyewitness reports. There is plenty information about human rights violations in Chenya and Ukrainian territories occupied by Russia.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: December 12, 2020, 05:20:14 pm
content: I have already written to you, probably... I sympathize with your feelings. You have the right to your opinion, even if it is blatantly false. Russia is not a paradise, not all people are righteous in it, so you can always find offenses, this is obvious. But you will have to accept the decision of the people in Crimea, Abkhazia and Chechnya, too. And now in Karabakh. Your good knowledge of the Soviet past clearly shows your "American roots" - americans don't have such a stupid scoop..

author: coppercone2
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: December 12, 2020, 06:08:15 pm
content: how does this cheese substitute taste like? i am actually interested in thatis that a shortage substitute product?

author: Cerebus
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: December 12, 2020, 07:07:01 pm
content: Quote from: coppercone2 on December 12, 2020, 06:08:15 pmIf you've eaten a cheap American supermarket frozen pizza you have probably already tasted it, it's a common substitution for actual cheese at the bottom end of the market.Vis:https://www.walmart.com/ip/Totino-s-Bacon-and-Pepperoni-Party-Pizza-10-oz/160641811Ingredients: ... Imitation Mozzarella Cheese (Water, Palm Oil, Rennet Casein, Modified Potato Starch, Vegetable Oil, Potato Starch, Sodium Aluminum Phosphate, Potassium Chloride, Salt, Citric Acid, Potassium Sorbate , Sodium Phosphate, Sodium Citrate, Titanium Dioxide [Artificial Color], Maltodextrin, Magnesium Oxide, Zinc Oxide, Riboflavin, Vitamin A Palmitate, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12),Yes, that terrifying list of ingredients isjustthe imitation cheese.

author: S. Petrukhin
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: December 12, 2020, 07:15:24 pm
content: Quote from: Cerebus on December 12, 2020, 07:07:01 pmDo terminators already go to pizzerias in America? Is this a menu for them?

author: coppercone2
author_rank: Super Contributor
timestamp: December 12, 2020, 07:42:53 pm
content: Quote from: Cerebus on December 12, 2020, 07:07:01 pmWell frozen pizza is known to have some kind of phosphate reacted cheese that freezes and melts well. I was not under the impression its a lower cost product but more like a demand to improve the materials frost resistance. As I understand it, frozen pizza made with conventional cheese had problems with consistency with reheating (something like fat separation was happening so you had extra greasy sauce with leathery cheese). Perhaps this has to do with freezer settings.Maybe I will freeze some mozzarella and see what happens.I know MRE-pizza prototypes had some kind of soy-cheese thing going on, but that should be another ball game from frozen pizza.I think in a nut shell-metal oxides : improves microwaveability of the pizza some how? or decrease UV susceptibility i.e. sunscreen or a thermal conductivity modifier. I know certain foods are optimized for microwave cooking time frames. They might be obsolete as a result of the inverter microwave which has true power level adjustment rather then duty cycle adjustment.. but it does require a brain cell to figure out how to use it. I sure hate the idea of being contaminated a result of stupid people that cannot figure out how to cook or refuse to buy a better appliance (why don't we optimize things for cooking on tire fires while we are at it!)-phosphates : frost resistance/emulsifier strength increase-citric acid : better color (I add this to home made pickles along with ascorbic acid), it supposedly decreases yellowing-potassium chloride : decrease amount of sodium chloride required to make it heart healthier supposedly, may also have something to do with texture, I know people mess with salt levels in home made bread to change how it kneeds and grows I think-vitamin A : antioxidant (like skin cream), increases shelf life-b vitamins not sure, maybe decreases lethargy from eating a meal high in fat and carbs without much protein-oils : modify the frost resistance/behavior, also possibly a good vector to cut cost-dextrin : not sure, maybe a anti-sag. Perhaps protein can be used instead? (may require more cheese to begin with). To me it screams 'cheese bread'. The pizza already has alot of bread, can you not add more bread some how?What I would like to know how much of this has to do with industrial cost savings from increasing shelf life PRIOR to sale to stores (i.e. cheaper manufacture) vs making a good pizza for you. I assume it all makes the expiration date longer. I..e how much bulk ingredients are being stored prior to expiration datesbeing stamped on the final product.I.e. for a jar of pickles, you need 1/10th of a vitamin C tablet roughly, the pills are often 1000mg, you only need about 100mg for a pint of pickles IIRC. So its really not much if you occasionally take vitamins. So if I make 10 jars of pickles the salt is WAY more of a concern then a tablet of vitamin C. (vitamin C, garlic, citric acid and black current leaves).I wonder if its the case that the frozen pizza ends up having a cheese that is cheaper by requirement rather then by design and it happens to be sell able as a cheese substitute as a side note.So the question is can you use more real cheese that is some how better fractioned and mixed together to reduce the use of phosphates, starches and see if inverter microwaves eliminate the need to add refractory oxides to food.Does anyone know what frozen cheese looks like when it is not made under a MBA?