huzaifas-sidhpurwala/RedHat-security-VeX huggingface dataset:
Multiple CVEs published by Talos
CVE: CVE-2023-35955
Component: gtkwave
CVSS v3: 7.7/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Release date: 2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00

Multiple heap-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the fstReaderIterBlocks2 VCDATA parsing functionality of GTKWave 3.3.115. A specially-crafted .fst file can lead to arbitrary code execution. A victim would need to open a malicious file to trigger these vulnerabilities.This vulnerability concerns the decompression function `LZ4_decompress_safe_partial`.

Statement: Red Hat Product Security has determined that this vulnerability does not affect any currently supported Red Hat product. This assessment may evolve based on further analysis and discovery. For more information about this vulnerability and the products it affects, please see the linked references.

Remediation:
CVE: CVE-2023-40506
Component: LG Simple Editor copyContent XML External Entity Processing Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Release date: 2023-08-24T21:12:55.165000+00:00

LG Simple Editor copyContent XML External Entity Processing Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of LG Simple Editor. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.

The specific flaw exists within the implementation of the copyContent command. Due to the improper restriction of XML External Entity (XXE) references, a crafted document specifying a URI causes the XML parser to access the URI and embed the contents back into the XML document for further processing. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to disclose information in the context of SYSTEM.
. Was ZDI-CAN-20005.

Statement: Red Hat Product Security has determined that this vulnerability does not affect any currently supported Red Hat product. This assessment may evolve based on further analysis and discovery. For more information about this vulnerability and the products it affects, please see the linked references.

Remediation:
pcmcia: rsrc_nonstatic: Fix memory leak in nonstatic_release_resource_db()
CVE: CVE-2023-54115
Component: kernel
Severity: None
Release date: 2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

pcmcia: rsrc_nonstatic: Fix memory leak in nonstatic_release_resource_db()

When nonstatic_release_resource_db() frees all resources associated
with an PCMCIA socket, it forgets to free socket_data too, causing
a memory leak observable with kmemleak:

unreferenced object 0xc28d1000 (size 64):
  comm "systemd-udevd", pid 297, jiffies 4294898478 (age 194.484s)
  hex dump (first 32 bytes):
    00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 f0 85 0e c3 00 00 00 00  ................
    00 00 00 00 0c 10 8d c2 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
  backtrace:
    [<ffda4245>] __kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x2d7/0x4a0
    [<7e51f0c8>] kmalloc_trace+0x31/0xa4
    [<d52b4ca0>] nonstatic_init+0x24/0x1a4 [pcmcia_rsrc]
    [<a2f13e08>] pcmcia_register_socket+0x200/0x35c [pcmcia_core]
    [<a728be1b>] yenta_probe+0x4d8/0xa70 [yenta_socket]
    [<c48fac39>] pci_device_probe+0x99/0x194
    [<84b7c690>] really_probe+0x181/0x45c
    [<8060fe6e>] __driver_probe_device+0x75/0x1f4
    [<b9b76f43>] driver_probe_device+0x28/0xac
    [<648b766f>] __driver_attach+0xeb/0x1e4
    [<6e9659eb>] bus_for_each_dev+0x61/0xb4
    [<25a669f3>] driver_attach+0x1e/0x28
    [<d8671d6b>] bus_add_driver+0x102/0x20c
    [<df0d323c>] driver_register+0x5b/0x120
    [<942cd8a4>] __pci_register_driver+0x44/0x4c
    [<e536027e>] __UNIQUE_ID___addressable_cleanup_module188+0x1c/0xfffff000 [iTCO_vendor_support]

Fix this by freeing socket_data too.

Tested on a Acer Travelmate 4002WLMi by manually binding/unbinding
the yenta_cardbus driver (yenta_socket).


Remediation:
thermal: core: prevent potential string overflow
CVE: CVE-2023-52868
Component: kernel
CWE: CWE-120
Severity: Low
CVSS v3: 5.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Release date: 2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

thermal: core: prevent potential string overflow

The dev->id value comes from ida_alloc() so it's a number between zero
and INT_MAX.  If it's too high then these sprintf()s will overflow.


Remediation:
user after free in nr_listen in net/netrom/af_netrom.c
CVE: CVE-2023-32269
Component: kernel
CWE: CWE-416
Severity: Moderate
CVSS v3: 7.4/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Release date: 2023-01-26T06:30:00+00:00

A use-after-free flaw was found in nr_listen in net/netrom/af_netrom.c in the Linux Kernel. The system must have netrom routing configured or an attacker must have the CAP_NET_ADMIN capability for this issue to be exploited.

Statement: No shipped kernel version was seen affected with this problem. These files are not built in our source code.

Remediation:
SMTP smuggling
CVE: CVE-2023-51747
Component: apache-james
CVSS v3: 7.4/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Release date: 2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00

Apache James prior to versions 3.8.1 and 3.7.5 is vulnerable to SMTP smuggling.

A lenient behaviour in line delimiter handling might create a difference of interpretation between the sender and the receiver which can be exploited by an attacker to forge an SMTP envelop, allowing for instance to bypass SPF checks.

The patch implies enforcement of CRLF as a line delimiter as part of the DATA transaction.

We recommend James users to upgrade to non vulnerable versions.

Statement: This vulnerability doesn't affect any supported Red Hat product.

Remediation:
Buffer overflow in log_blackbox.c
CVE: CVE-2023-39976
Component: libqb
CWE: CWE-119
Severity: Moderate
CVSS v3: 8.2/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Release date: 2023-08-08T00:00:00+00:00

log_blackbox.c in libqb before 2.0.8 allows a buffer overflow via long log messages because the header size is not considered.


Remediation:
scsi: qla2xxx: Remove unused nvme_ls_waitq wait queue
CVE: CVE-2023-53280
Component: kernel
CWE: CWE-824
Severity: Moderate
CVSS v3: 6.7/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Release date: 2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

scsi: qla2xxx: Remove unused nvme_ls_waitq wait queue

System crash when qla2x00_start_sp(sp) returns error code EGAIN and wake_up
gets called for uninitialized wait queue sp->nvme_ls_waitq.

    qla2xxx [0000:37:00.1]-2121:5: Returning existing qpair of ffff8ae2c0513400 for idx=0
    qla2xxx [0000:37:00.1]-700e:5: qla2x00_start_sp failed = 11
    BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000000
    PGD 0 P4D 0
    Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI
    Hardware name: HPE ProLiant DL360 Gen10/ProLiant DL360 Gen10, BIOS U32 09/03/2021
    Workqueue: nvme-wq nvme_fc_connect_ctrl_work [nvme_fc]
    RIP: 0010:__wake_up_common+0x4c/0x190
    RSP: 0018:ffff95f3e0cb7cd0 EFLAGS: 00010086
    RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff8b08d3b26328 RCX: 0000000000000000
    RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000000000000003 RDI: ffff8b08d3b26320
    RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffffffffffffe8
    R10: 0000000000000000 R11: ffff95f3e0cb7a60 R12: ffff95f3e0cb7d20
    R13: 0000000000000003 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
    FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8b2fdf6c0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
    CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
    CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 0000002f1e410002 CR4: 00000000007706e0
    DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
    DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
    PKRU: 55555554
    Call Trace:
     __wake_up_common_lock+0x7c/0xc0
     qla_nvme_ls_req+0x355/0x4c0 [qla2xxx]
     ? __nvme_fc_send_ls_req+0x260/0x380 [nvme_fc]
     ? nvme_fc_send_ls_req.constprop.42+0x1a/0x45 [nvme_fc]
     ? nvme_fc_connect_ctrl_work.cold.63+0x1e3/0xa7d [nvme_fc]

Remove unused nvme_ls_waitq wait queue. nvme_ls_waitq logic was removed
previously in the commits tagged Fixed: below.


Remediation:
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:

https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258

The system must be rebooted for this update to take effect.
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:

https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258

The system must be rebooted for this update to take effect.
CVE: CVE-2023-27342
Component: PDF-XChange Editor EMF File Parsing Untrusted Pointer Dereference Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Release date: 2023-03-31T20:31:45.923000+00:00

PDF-XChange Editor EMF File Parsing Untrusted Pointer Dereference Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.

The specific flaw exists within the parsing of EMF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied value prior to dereferencing it as a pointer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18766.

Statement: Red Hat Product Security has determined that this vulnerability does not affect any currently supported Red Hat product. This assessment may evolve based on further analysis and discovery. For more information about this vulnerability and the products it affects, please see the linked references.

Remediation:
CVE: CVE-2023-41194
Component: D-Link DAP-1325 HNAP SetAPLanSettings SubnetMask Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Release date: 2023-09-07T13:36:51.546000+00:00

D-Link DAP-1325 HNAP SetAPLanSettings SubnetMask Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.

The specific flaw exists within the handling of a request parameter provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18814.

Statement: Red Hat Product Security has determined that this vulnerability does not affect any currently supported Red Hat product. This assessment may evolve based on further analysis and discovery. For more information about this vulnerability and the products it affects, please see the linked references.

Remediation:
Bypassing Spectre-BTI User Space Mitigations
CVE: CVE-2023-0045
Component: kernel
CWE: CWE-610
Severity: Low
CVSS v3: 4.7/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Release date: 2023-02-03T00:00:00+00:00

A flaw was found in the Linux kernel. This issue occurs due to a failure mitigating the Spectre-BTI attack (using the kernel API), as IBPB is not issued during the syscall until the next schedule, leaving the system vulnerable.


Remediation:
For user-mode applications, a usleep after the prctl call will force a reschedule and ensure the correct mitigation.
iSCSI dissector crash
CVE: CVE-2023-0415
Component: wireshark
CWE: CWE-476
Severity: Moderate
CVSS v3: 6.4/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Release date: 2023-01-27T00:00:00+00:00

A flaw was found in the iSCSI dissector of Wireshark. This issue occurs when decoding malformed packets from a pcap file or from the network, causing a NULL pointer dereference, resulting in a Denial of Service.


Remediation:
crypto: scomp - fix req-&gt;dst buffer overflow
CVE: CVE-2023-52612
Component: kernel
CWE: CWE-121
Severity: Moderate
CVSS v3: 7.9/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Release date: 2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00

A vulnerability was found in  scomp component Linux Kernel causing a buffer overflow in the req->dst buffer. This occurred because the buffer size was not checked before copying data from scomp_scratch->dst, leading to potential overflow and DoS.

Statement: Red Hat has protection mechanisms in place against buffer overflows, such as FORTIFY_SOURCE, Position Independent Executables or Stack Smashing Protection.

Remediation:
Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options don't meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
Inappropriate implementation in Prompts
CVE: CVE-2023-4905
Component: chromium-browser
CVSS v3: 6.4/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Release date: 2023-09-12T00:00:00+00:00

Inappropriate implementation in Prompts in Google Chrome prior to 117.0.5938.62 allowed a remote attacker to spoof security UI via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)

Statement: Red Hat Product Security has determined that this vulnerability does not affect any currently supported Red Hat product. This assessment may evolve based on further analysis and discovery. For more information about this vulnerability and the products it affects, please see the linked references.

Remediation:
an out-of-bounds write when copying the trailing number
CVE: CVE-2023-26553
Component: ntp
CWE: CWE-787
Severity: Moderate
CVSS v3: 5.6/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
Release date: 2023-04-12T00:00:00+00:00

An out-of-bounds write flaw was found in the ntp package. A remote attacker may trigger this vulnerability by sending malicious data packets to the ntp server. An adversary may be able to attack a client ntpq process, but cannot attack ntpd.


Remediation:
sys_Token Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
CVE: CVE-2023-32140
Component: D-Link DAP-1360 webproc var
Release date: 2023-05-04T22:15:02.754000+00:00

D-Link DAP-1360 webproc var:sys_Token Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1360 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.

The specific flaw exists within the handling requests to the /cgi-bin/webproc endpoint. When parsing the var:sys_Token parameter, the process does not properly validate the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root.
. Was ZDI-CAN-18418.

Statement: Red Hat Product Security has determined that this vulnerability does not affect any currently supported Red Hat product. This assessment may evolve based on further analysis and discovery. For more information about this vulnerability and the products it affects, please see the linked references.

Remediation:
drm/radeon: free iio for atombios when driver shutdown
CVE: CVE-2023-53453
Component: kernel
Severity: Moderate
CVSS v3: 4.4/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Release date: 2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/radeon: free iio for atombios when driver shutdown

Fix below kmemleak when unload radeon driver:

unreferenced object 0xffff9f8608ede200 (size 512):
  comm "systemd-udevd", pid 326, jiffies 4294682822 (age 716.338s)
  hex dump (first 32 bytes):
    00 00 00 00 c4 aa ec aa 14 ab 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
    00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
  backtrace:
    [<0000000062fadebe>] kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x2f1/0x500
    [<00000000b6883cea>] atom_parse+0x117/0x230 [radeon]
    [<00000000158c23fd>] radeon_atombios_init+0xab/0x170 [radeon]
    [<00000000683f672e>] si_init+0x57/0x750 [radeon]
    [<00000000566cc31f>] radeon_device_init+0x559/0x9c0 [radeon]
    [<0000000046efabb3>] radeon_driver_load_kms+0xc1/0x1a0 [radeon]
    [<00000000b5155064>] drm_dev_register+0xdd/0x1d0
    [<0000000045fec835>] radeon_pci_probe+0xbd/0x100 [radeon]
    [<00000000e69ecca3>] pci_device_probe+0xe1/0x160
    [<0000000019484b76>] really_probe.part.0+0xc1/0x2c0
    [<000000003f2649da>] __driver_probe_device+0x96/0x130
    [<00000000231c5bb1>] driver_probe_device+0x24/0xf0
    [<0000000000a42377>] __driver_attach+0x77/0x190
    [<00000000d7574da6>] bus_for_each_dev+0x7f/0xd0
    [<00000000633166d2>] driver_attach+0x1e/0x30
    [<00000000313b05b8>] bus_add_driver+0x12c/0x1e0

iio was allocated in atom_index_iio() called by atom_parse(),
but it doesn't got released when the dirver is shutdown.
Fix this kmemleak by free it in radeon_atombios_fini().


Remediation:
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:

https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258

The system must be rebooted for this update to take effect.
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:

https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258

The system must be rebooted for this update to take effect.
CVE: CVE-2023-37342
Component: Kofax Power PDF PNG File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Release date: 2023-07-13T20:36:03.895000+00:00

Kofax Power PDF PNG File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.

The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PNG files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-20439.

Statement: Red Hat Product Security has determined that this vulnerability does not affect any currently supported Red Hat product. This assessment may evolve based on further analysis and discovery. For more information about this vulnerability and the products it affects, please see the linked references.

Remediation:
LokiStack authorisation is cached too broadly
CVE: CVE-2023-4456
Component: openshift-logging
CWE: CWE-1220
Severity: Moderate
CVSS v3: 5.9/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Release date: 2023-08-21T00:00:00+00:00

A flaw was found in openshift-logging LokiStack. The key used for caching is just the token, which is too broad. This issue allows a user with a token valid for one action to execute other actions as long as the authorization allowing the original action is still cached.


Remediation:
Before applying this update, make sure all previously released errata relevant to your system have been applied.

For details on how to apply this update, refer to:

https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
EDAC/qcom: Do not pass llcc_driv_data as edac_device_ctl_info's pvt_info
CVE: CVE-2023-53003
Component: kernel
CWE: CWE-416
Severity: Important
CVSS v3: 7.9/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Release date: 2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

EDAC/qcom: Do not pass llcc_driv_data as edac_device_ctl_info's pvt_info

The memory for llcc_driv_data is allocated by the LLCC driver. But when
it is passed as the private driver info to the EDAC core, it will get freed
during the qcom_edac driver release. So when the qcom_edac driver gets probed
again, it will try to use the freed data leading to the use-after-free bug.

Hence, do not pass llcc_driv_data as pvt_info but rather reference it
using the platform_data pointer in the qcom_edac driver.


Remediation:
DoS (memory leak) via packet injection or crafted capture file
CVE: CVE-2023-4513
Component: wireshark
CWE: CWE-401
Severity: Moderate
CVSS v3: 6.4/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Release date: 2023-08-24T00:00:00+00:00

A denial of service vulnerability was found in Wireshark due to a memory leak in the Bluetooth SDP dissector. This issue may allow a remote attacker to induce a crash in Wireshark by injecting a malformed packet onto the wire or persuading someone to read a corrupted packet trace file.


Remediation:
out-of-bounds write in extractContigSamplesShifted16bits() in tools/tiffcrop.c
CVE: CVE-2023-0803
Component: libtiff
CWE: CWE-787
Severity: Moderate
CVSS v3: 6.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
Release date: 2023-02-12T00:00:00+00:00

A flaw was found in tiffcrop, a program distributed by the libtiff package. A specially crafted tiff file can lead to an out-of-bounds write in the extractContigSamplesShifted16bits function in tools/tiffcrop.c, resulting in a Denial of Service and limited data modification.


Remediation:
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:

https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258

All running applications linked against libtiff must be restarted for this update to take effect.
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:

https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258

All running applications linked against libtiff must be restarted for this update to take effect.
fs.statfs can retrive stats from files restricted by the Permission Model
CVE: CVE-2023-32005
Component: nodejs
CWE: CWE-1268
Severity: Low
CVSS v3: 6.4/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L
Release date: 2023-08-09T00:00:00+00:00

A vulnerability was found in Node.js, affecting users of the experimental permission model when the --allow-fs-read flag is used with a non-* argument. This flaw arises from an inadequate permission model that fails to restrict file stats through the fs.statfs API. As a result, malicious actors can retrieve stats from files they do not have explicit read access to.

Statement: For this CVE, no Red Hat Products are affected as this CVE only affects Node.js version 20, specifically within the experimental permission model feature of Node.js 20, that we are not shipped.

Remediation:
Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options don't meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
macvlan: add forgotten nla_policy for IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_CUTOFF
CVE: CVE-2023-53516
Component: kernel
CWE: CWE-125
Severity: Moderate
CVSS v3: 5.7/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
Release date: 2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

macvlan: add forgotten nla_policy for IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_CUTOFF

The previous commit 954d1fa1ac93 ("macvlan: Add netlink attribute for
broadcast cutoff") added one additional attribute named
IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_CUTOFF to allow broadcast cutfoff.

However, it forgot to describe the nla_policy at macvlan_policy
(drivers/net/macvlan.c). Hence, this suppose NLA_S32 (4 bytes) integer
can be faked as empty (0 bytes) by a malicious user, which could leads
to OOB in heap just like CVE-2023-3773.

To fix it, this commit just completes the nla_policy description for
IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_CUTOFF. This enforces the length check and avoids the
potential OOB read.

Statement: The patch adds the missing nla_policy entry for IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_CUTOFF, enforcing a 4-byte NLA_S32 and preventing a heap out-of-bounds read.
Impact is mainly information disclosure and possibly a local DoS during malformed netlink processing; there is no clear integrity impact.
For the CVSS the PR:H because crafting the malicious netlink attribute typically requires CAP_NET_ADMIN (creating/modifying macvlan links). In containerized setups where that capability is delegated, effective privileges may be lower.

Remediation: