huutuan/long_squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Question: What Greek's teachings encouraged students to live honorable lives?
Question: What did Niccolo Leoniceno ifuse Corpus Juris with?
Question: Who aggressivly infultrated the university system?
Question: What was the source of educational material in Early Modern age scholarships?
Question: What sources did Early Modern age universities rely on for Protestant curricula?
Question: The concentration on professors to live honorable lives is an example of what form of thought?
Question: Galileo Galilei was a professor of what subject?
Question: Which individual added a humanist view into the Middle Ages?
Question: Discovery and exposition were examples of the focus of what type of university scholar?
Answer: humanist
Question: A concentration on the study of the self resulted in what field of study?
Answer: the humanities
Question: What work did Vesalius push the study of?
Answer: Galen
Question: What spread the use of texts by Galen within universities?
Answer: the printing press
Question: Research was an example of the focus of what type of university scholar?
Question: A concentration on the study of classical texts resulted in what field of study?
Question: What work did students push the study of?
Question: What spread the use of texts by Vesalius within universities?
Question: What manifested in the adaptation and expansion of discovery?
Question: In multiple countries in Europe students can attend a university with what kind if financial burden?
Answer: without tuition fees
Question: Until what year were public universities in nordic nation free of tuition?
Answer: around 2005
Question: What kind of students pay fees in public universities in Denmark?
Answer: foreign students
Question: In terms of Universities in Denmark what is the fee status for citizens of EFA states?
Answer: exempted from tuition fees
Question: What happened to public grants in nordic universities that continued to allow foreign students?
Answer: increased
Question: Until what year were public universities in the UK free of tuition?
Question: What kind of students pay fees in public universities in the UK?
Question: What happened to public grants in nordic universities that continued to allow domestic students?
Question: What three countries moved to put in place tuition fees for domestic students?
Question: What were decreased to offset some of the impact?
Question: Spain refers to a university in what other way?
Answer: uni
Question: The nation of Ghana shortens university to what?
Answer: varsity
Question: Scotland is said to frequently refer to university as what?
Answer: Varsity
Question: In what century was it believed that the UK used the word varsity to refer to a university?
Answer: 19th
Question: In Scotland what word is mainly used instead of university?
Question: Mexico refers to a university in what other way?
Question: The nation of Congo shortens university to what?
Question: In what century was it believed that France used the word varsity to refer to a university?
Question: What has become uncommon in Australia?
Question: What type of institution is a college in Canada?
Answer: non-degree-granting
Question: How many years does a degree-granting university in Canada spend teaching students?
Answer: four
Question: What is McGill University in Canada an example of?
Answer: medical schools
Question: What type of university is St Francis Xavier in Canada?
Answer: undergraduate
Question: A college teaches students for how many years in Macleans?
Question: What type of institution is a college in Macleans?
Question: How many years does a degree-granting university in Macleans spend teaching students?
Question: What is an example of a university geared toward research?
Question: What is an example of a primarily graduate university?
Question: What kind of board does a university commonly have?
Answer: a board of trustees
Question: What are the different departments of a university called?
Answer: schools or faculties
Question: Who controls public universities?
Answer: government-run higher education boards
Question: Besides students, what is the source of funds of private universities?
Answer: business corporations
Question: How many vice presidents do most businesses have?
Question: What kind of board does a business commonly have?
Question: What are the different departments of a business called?
Question: Who controls public businesses?
Question: Besides students, what is the source of funds of public universities?
Question: In nations that accept students from through the world what might the university offer to a student?
Answer: accommodation
Question: Outside of state funded schools, and funds coming from donors, how might a university collect funds?
Answer: fees which students attending the university
Question: How does the financial backing of students around the world differ?
Question: What do other states do for students?
Question: Where do the vast majority of students have funding from their hometown?
Question: Who are students in some countries predominatly funded by?
Question: Where does the funding and organization of students vary?
Question: What is a university formed through a bilateral treaty known as?
Answer: intergovernmental
Question: In terms of intergovernmental universities, what is EUCLID?
Answer: Pôle Universitaire Euclide, Euclid University
Question: What is a mission of EUCLID as it relates to signatory nations?
Answer: sustainable development
Question: What type of school is the European University Institute?
Answer: post-graduate
Question: What type of study does the European University Institute focus on?
Answer: social sciences
Question: What is a university formed through a unilateral treaty known as?
Question: What is a mission of EUCLID as it relates to the United Nations?
Question: What type of school is the EUCLID?
Question: What type of study does the EUCUD focus on?
Question: What offers training in Asian law?
Question: What was a focus of the National University of Ireland during the beginning of Irish Independence?
Answer: Irish language and Irish culture
Question: In what nation did the University Revolution occur?
Answer: Argentina
Question: In what year did Argentina's University Revolution occur?
Answer: 1918
Question: What was the result of the University Revolution in Argentina?
Answer: Reforms
Question: What was a focus of Argentina during the beginning of Irish independence?
Question: In what year did Ireland's University Revolution occur?
Question: What was the result of the University Revolution in Ireland?
Question: What is generally a university created or run by private donors?
Question: Who collected a large amount of information on the Argentina language?
Question: In what year did the Robbins report say that universities should have four objectives to remain balanced?
Answer: 1963
Question: What nation did the 1963 Robbins Report focus on?
Answer: the United Kingdom
Question: What should a university promote, according to the Robbins Report?
Answer: general powers of the mind
Question: Universities should maintain what, according to the Robbins Report?
Answer: research in balance with teaching
Question: The Robbins Report says universities should transmit what?
Answer: a common culture and common standards of citizenship
Question: In what year did the Robbins report say that men and women should have four objectives to remain balanced?
Question: What nation focused on teaching?
Question: What should men and women promote, according to the Robbins Report?
Question: Men and women should maintain what, according to the Robbins Report?
Question: The Robbins report says men and women should transmit what?
Question: Ending with what century did religion play a smaller part in the curriculum of universities?
Answer: 19th
Question: what model of university structure was being used throughout the world at the finish of the 19th century?
Answer: the German university model
Question: What was the focus of universities in the 20th century?
Answer: science
Question: Who was Sir Keith Murray?
Answer: chairman of the University Grants Committee
Question: What university did Sir Samuel Curran contribute to the creation of?
Answer: the University of Strathclyde
Question: Ending with what century did German play a smaller part in the curriculum of universities?
Question: What model of university structure was being used throughout the world at the finish of the 20th century?
Question: What were the focus of grants in the 19th century?
Question: Who formed a university in Germany?
Question: What became less accessible to the masses?
Question: At the end of what period would universities become alike to contemporary universities?
Answer: the end of the early modern period
Question: What type of focus did universities have at the end of the early modern period?
Answer: mechanistic
Question: What replaced theological studies in universities at the completion of the early modern period?
Answer: humanities
Question: The change in universities towards the completion of the early modern period is credited with the formation of what entity?
Answer: the modern state
Question: The study of the humanities at the end of the early modern period replaced the study of the work of what individual?
Answer: Aristotle
Question: At the end of what period would universities become a fixture?
Question: What type of focus did universities have at the end of the modern state?
Question: What replaced theological studies in universities at the completion of the modern state?
Question: The change in universities towards the completion of the modern period is credited with the formation of what entity?
Question: The study of the humanities at the end of the modern state replaced the work of what individual?
Question: What type of education did private benefactors hope to provide to the public?
Answer: free
Question:  Governments created universities to serve as what?
Answer: an alternative to traditional universities
Question: What type of entity created competition with government created universities?
Answer: private benefactors
Question: Scientists and local governments were competing for what?
Question: What type of education did scientists benefactors hope to provide to the public?
Question: Governments created knowledge to serve as what?
Question: Why did local governments establish research?
Question: What could scientists not compete with?
Question: What percentage of scientists from 1450–1650 in the Dictionary of Scientific Biography were taught in a university?
Answer: more than 80%
Question: On the part of universities what was their reaction to giving up the Aristotelian system?
Answer: considerable reluctance
Question: What university was Melancthon from?
Answer: University of Wittenberg
Question: What type of epistemology was adopted for a short period of time in European universities?
Answer: Cartesian
Question: The acceptance of new concepts and sciences by universities brought these ideas what?
Answer: legitimacy and respectability
Question: What percentage of students from 1450-1650 in the Dictionary of Scientific Biography were taught at a university?
Question: What university was Cartesia from?
Question: What type of epistemology was adopted for a short period of time in MIddle Eastern universities?
Question: What type of epistemology served as the foundation of knowledge constructions and  training scholars in universities?
Answer: Aristotelian
Question: The scientific revolution contributed to what, in terms of science?
Answer: autonomy
Question: There was disagreement between universities and scientists over schools focusing on science, and the idea of what?
Answer: a general scholar
Question: A hierarchy of scientific disciplines came out of what?
Answer: the scientific revolution
Question: Where did students after the scientific revolution put science on the scale of importance?
Answer: first
Question: What type of epistemology served as the foundation of knowledge constructions and training students in universities?
Question: What did the scientific scholar contribute to, in terms of science?
Question: What resulted in a hierarchy of scholars?
Question: Where did scholars after the scientific revolution put science on the scale of importance?
Question: What was there an indiscernible impact on?
Question: The study of humanism among those studying math, astronomy and medicine is said to have caused what?
Answer: the scientific revolution
Question: Resisting what caused many scientists to court private benefactors?
Answer: changes in science
Question: Where might a scientist find a friendly private benefactor?
Answer: princely courts
Question: Which historian argues that traditionalism in a university system hindered attempts to form new views on knowledge and nature?
Answer: Richard S. Westfall
Question: The study of humanism among those studying history is said to have caused what?
Question: Resisting what caused many students to court private benefactors?
Question: Where might a student find a friendly private benefactor?
Question: Which historian argues that traditionalism in a university system hindered attempts to form new views on medicine and mathematics?
Question: What may have been a significant factor in driving students away from the university?
Question: What kind of political separation did not exist in Rome? 
Answer: church and state
Question: What was the time span of the Roman Republic?
Answer: 509–27 BC
Question: Which God exemplified just rule for the Romans?
Answer: Jupiter
Question: As a result of what war were many new temples built by victorious generals?
Answer: Punic Wars
Question: What was brought forth by religion in Rome?
Answer: social order
Question: What religious feature did each Roman home have?
Answer: household shrine
Question: What type of celebrations made up the Roman calendar?
Answer: religious observances
Question: What religious group was in charge of Rome's sacred flame?
Answer: Vestals
Question: What group was an influence to Roman culture?
Answer: Greeks
Question: What sort  of practices did the Greeks offer to Rome's culture?
Answer: religious
Question: What myths did the Romans adapt to their needs?
Answer: Greek
Question: What religion influenced augury for the Romans?
Answer: Etruscan
Question: What was the standard practice in Roman religious life?
Answer: public religion
Question: What part of Roman religious practice involved secrecy?
Answer: mysteries
Question: What group viewed the mysteries as suspicious or subversive?
Answer: conservative Romans
Question: What did the mysteries seem to threaten that made the Romans occasionally attempt to ban them?
Answer: morality and unity
Question: What did the Romans tend to do with local religions and deities in conquered areas? 
Answer: absorb
Question: What facet of a foreign people did Rome add to itself to promote order?
Answer: religious heritage
Question: To what areas of the Roman empire did the Romans take their deities?
Answer: remote provinces
Question: What facet of religion was not an issue for Roman?
Answer: tolerance
Question: After the Republic collapsed,  what addition was made to the religions of Rome?
Answer: emperors
Question: For whose well being were public vows made in the empire?
Answer: emperor
Question: What did the Romans use as a means of expanding their rule throughout the empire?
Answer: Imperial cult
Question: As what during the time of the Roman empire  was rejection of the state religion viewed?
Answer: treason
Question: What mythical figure did the Romans consider to be semi-divine?
Answer: Aeneas
Question: Of what did Aeneas establish the central feature?
Answer: Roman religion
Question: Who were the keepers of Aeneas's sacred objects?
Answer: Vestals
Question: What ancient festival was celebrated until the 5th century?
Answer: Lupercalia
Question: To whom did Aeneas set up an alter in Rome?
Answer: Hercules
Question: What mythical characters were involved in the founding of Rome?
Answer: Romulus and Remus
Question: What type of story was the Romulus and Remus tale?
Answer: hero myth
Question: Who was the mother of Romulus and Remus?
Answer: Rhea Silvia
Question: What god was the father of Romulus and Remus?
Answer: Mars
Question: What type of events saved the twins of Roman myth?
Answer: miraculous
Question: What religious festival did Romulus found?
Answer: Consualia
Question: According to myth, what god's temple did Romulus found?
Answer: Jupiter
Question: What did Romulus offer to Jupiter in the first Roman Triumph?
Answer: spoils taken in war
Question: Instead of death, what happened to Romulus?
Answer: deified
Question: To what group of deities did Lucius Tarquinius Priscus  establish a temple?
Answer: Jupiter, Juno and Minerva
Question: Where was the temple to the triad gods established?
Answer: Capitoline
Question: What organization did Servius Tullius found?
Answer: Latin League,
Question: The removal of whom marked the beginning of the Roman Republic?
Answer: Tarquinius Superbus
Question: To the Romans who ruled all aspects of heaven and earth?
Answer: immortal gods
Question: What did the Romans do for those deities that favored Rome? 
Answer: Rome honoured them
Question: What did Rome make the myriad various cults?
Answer: lawful
Question: What was basic facet of Roman religious experience?
Answer: Change
Question: What did Jupiter personify in regards to Rome's highest offices?
Answer: divine authority
Question: What gods did Juno and Minerva replace in Roman religious practice?
Answer: Mars and Quirinus
Question: From where does the practice of linking various gods into grouping come?
Answer: Greek in origin
Question: Of what did the linking of Greek and Roman deities promote a feeling? 
Answer: heritage
Question: What type of religious practices outnumbered the state observances?
Answer: commonplace
Question: To what did the mixture of official and individual religious practices  pertain? 
Answer: lawful Roman
Question: What were the characteristics of state religious observances?
Answer: impressive, costly, and centralised
Question: Who made the choices of personal religious practices in Rome? 
Answer: individual
Question: What type of deities did Roman communities have?
Answer: patron
Question:  What type of day were there more of in Rome?
Answer: sacred days
Question: With what were Roman festivals organized in accordance?
Answer: seasonal
Question: What traditions did the seasonal festivals incorporate?
Answer: local
Question: Instead of the public, what did some religious rites only require?
Answer: particular groups
Question: What type of festivals happened when events warranted them?
Answer: fulfillment of religious vows
Question: What is an example of an event organized religious celebration?
Answer: The triumph
Question: In what aspect of the festival did political figures try to out do each other?
Answer: public display
Question: Under what auspices did public displays  come during the Principate?
Answer: Imperial
Question: Who paid for the most lavish of festival events?
Answer: emperors
Question: What did obscure festivals offer Romans the opportunity to do?
Answer: reinterpretation
Question: What did Augustus wish to do for Roman religion?
Answer: reform
Question: What poet wrote a long poem describing Roman religious holidays?
Answer: Ovid
Question: What was lacking in the presentation of religious events in Rome?
Answer: authoritative calendar
Question: Under whose rule were new Christian festivals added to previous Roman holidays?
Answer: Christian
Question: What religious practice did Rome use to determine ritual?
Answer: augury
Question: What Roman word was used to refer to the scared precinct?
Answer: templum
Question: What common Latin words were used to mean a shrine or building?
Answer: aedes, delubrum, or fanum
Question: What monuments were the some of most visible of Roman culture?
Answer: temples
Question: What did Pliny the Elder think that a sacrifice without prayer was?
Answer: useless
Question: What act alone had power in Roman thought?
Answer: Prayer
Question: What knowledge was of importance in the potency of prayer?
Answer: correct verbal formulas
Question: What was missing in the formulas of prayer in Rome?
Answer: personal expression
Question: When did the sacrifices to the deities of the heavens occur? 
Answer: daylight
Question: What color was the sacrifice mandated to be for heaven deities?
Answer: white
Question: What type of sacrifices were offered to gods with earth connections?
Answer: fertile
Question: What event was held after the sacrifice?
Answer: banquet
Question: Who ate the meat of the sacrifice during the after sacrifice  banquet?
Answer: officials and priests
Question: What type of sacrifice victims were the dark gods offered?
Answer: dark, fertile
Question: How was the sacrifice to the gods below handled?
Answer: burnt offering
Question: What daylight event was not celebrated after the dark sacrifice?
Answer: shared banquet
Question: What feature had importance in sacrifices?
Answer: Color
Question: What kind of intervention could be sought to avoid disasters?
Answer: Divine
Question: What was expected when the divine intervention benefited the patron?
Answer: gratitude
Question: What act was decreed in times of crisis in Rome?
Answer: public rites
Question: What was the point of public procession to the god's temples?
Answer: supplicating the gods
Question: What offering was Jupiter promised during the Second Punic War?
Answer: every animal born
Question: From whom was Rome asking for protection?
Answer: Hannibal
Question: What happened to the sacrifice if the god failed to uphold the agreement?
Answer: withheld
Question: What was the offering for the Emperor in Pompeii?
Answer: bull
Question: How were the exta read in Roman religious practice?
Answer: disciplina Etrusca
Question: What part of the sacrifice were reserved for the gods?
Answer: exta and blood
Question: What part of the sacrifice was shared among humans?
Answer: meat
Question: Into what was the god's portion of the sacrifice placed?
Answer: fire on the altar
Question: What act was repulsive to Romans?
Answer: Human sacrifice
Question: How were sacrifices of humans carried out in Rome?
Answer: buried
Question: Before the invasion of what area was human sacrifice carried out?
Answer: Gaul
Question: When was the invasion of Gaul by Rome?
Answer: 113 BC
Question: During what war was the first gladiator munus held?
Answer: First Punic War
Question: How was the gladiatorial combat described? 
Answer: funeral blood-rite
Question: What was not the ultimate purpose of gladiatorial rites?
Answer: death
Question: In what way was gladiatorial combat considered?
Answer: as an offering
Question: How did later Christians view Gladiatorial combats?
Answer: human sacrifice
Question: Who was the founder of the Roman Republic?
Answer: L. Junius Brutus
Question: What were stand-ins for child sacrifices to Mania?
Answer: woolen dolls
Question: Who was Mania in Roman religion?
Answer: Mother of the Lares
Question: What leader was the first consul of the Roman Republic?
Answer: L. Junius Brutus
Question: What acts were sometimes arranged so as to be sacrifices?
Answer: executions
Question: To whom was human sacrifice usually attributed?
Answer: enemies
Question: What did Rome do about human sacrifice?
Answer: banned it
Question: As what  did the law of 81 BC view human sacrifice?
Answer: murder
Question: What ruler banned human sacrifice empire wide?
Answer: Hadrian
Question: Who was the senior priest of the household in Rome?
Answer: pater familias
Question: Which ancient hero brought the lares cult to Rome?
Answer: Aeneas
Question: From what city did Aeneas bring the lares cult?
Answer: Troy
Question: What was put in the temple of Vesta?
Answer: Palladium
Question: What form of religion was atheism considered to be? 
Answer: Religious neglect
Question: What results did proper religious practices produce?
Answer: harmony and prosperity.
Question: What could deviations from proper religious practices cause?
Answer: divine anger
Question: What did participation in public religious rites show about the individual?
Answer: commitment
Question: Who funded non-official religious cults?
Answer: private individuals
Question: What group benefited from non- official cults? 
Answer: own communities
Question: What group presented the opening ceremonies of the Parentalia festival?
Answer: Vestals
Question: What individuals had the right to regulate all cults?
Answer: censor and pontifices
Question: What was lacking as to the profession of a priest class in Rome?
Answer: separate priestly caste
Question: What authority in a community sponsored religious rites? 
Answer: highest
Question: What type of religious participants were available for consultation?
Answer: Specialists
Question: Which member of a family functioned as priest?
Answer: paterfamilias
Question: What were the earliest priesthoods? 
Answer: flamines
Question: What type of authority did the rex sacrorum lack?
Answer: civil
Question: What group's power increased after the rise of the Roman Republic?
Answer: Republican pontifices
Question: What individual became more powerful during the late Republic?
Answer: pontifex maximus
Question: By the late Republic, what position had become largely symbolic?
Answer: rex sacrorum
Question: What was the term of office for a priest in Rome?
Answer: lifetime
Question: What limited an individual's access to religious offices?
Answer: law
Question: Because of the lack of pay, what was the type of honor in being a priest?
Answer: costly
Question: What did a priesthood in the Imperial cult gain a provencial?
Answer: Roman citizenship
Question: Of what was Vesta the goddess?
Answer: hearth
Question: Of what were the Vestals protectors?
Answer: vital flame
Question: What was the benefit of being a Vestal?
Answer: political influence
Question: To whom did the Vestal answer?
Answer: Pontifex Maximus
Question: What was the punishment for the loss of a Vestal's chastity?
Answer: buried alive
Question: What was a Vestal expected to be to her duties?
Answer: devoted
Question: How were the Vestals' devotion to Rome's security viewed to be ?
Answer: essential
Question: What was the honor granted a Vestal ?
Answer: religious
Question: Where could a householder rekindle the home's flame?
Answer: Vesta's flame
Question: For what state artifacts did the Vestals care?
Answer: Lares and Penates
Question: What was the Vestal festival called?
Answer: Vestalia
Question: To what part of official state sacrifices did the Vestals attend?
Answer: mola salsa
Question: What was the nature of the role of the Vestals in state sacrifices?
Answer: Indirect
Question: What advantage was there in being a Vestal at games?
Answer: seating
Question: For whose cult were the Vestals appointed as priestesses?
Answer: Livia
Question: Until what time did the Vestal retain their social distinctions?
Answer: 4th century
Question: Which emperor disbanded the Vestals?
Answer: Theodosius I
Question: What person marked the religious area ritually?
Answer: augur
Question: What was the original meaning of the templum in Latin?
Answer: sacred space
Question: Who designated the first boundary of Rome?
Answer: Romulus
Question: What did augers seek to understand through observances?
Answer: divine will
Question: What process did haruspicy use to divine the will of the gods?
Answer: examination of entrails
Question: Which of the entrails was especially important to augury?
Answer: liver
Question: To which group can haruspicy to traced?
Answer: Etruscan
Question: What type of private  individual had several generals and politicians used to validate their actions?
Answer: diviners
Question: What type of diviners did the armies use to determine the will of the gods?
Answer: public haruspices
Question: What were considered to be natural transgressions by the Romans?
Answer: Prodigies
Question: What did prodigies show the Romans?
Answer: divine anger
Question: Of what were prodigies predictors?
Answer: conflict and misfortune
Question: What did the expiation of a prodigy impose?
Answer: dedicated rites
Question: What group determined the truth of a prodigy?
Answer: Senate
Question: Of what did the greater prodigies require in sacrifice?
Answer: greater victims
Question: What type of sacrifices were required to expiate the minor prodigies ?
Answer: lesser victims
Question: What is the only proof of religious success over prodigies?
Answer: Rome's victory
Question: Of what did Livy think the prodigies proved about Roman religion?
Answer: widespread failure
Question: From what source does information of Roman thought about the afterlife come?
Answer: educated elite
Question: What type of practices were those affecting the care of the dead?
Answer: archaic
Question: What did the ancient Romans expect after death?
Answer: afterlife
Question: With whom did the  early Romans expect to associate?
Answer: gods
Question: What did later Romans invest in rather than grave offerings?
Answer: monumental endowments
Question: What type of rites varied in accordance with status and religion?
Answer: Funeral and commemorative
Question: What was the grave sacrifice in Cicero's time?
Answer: sow
Question: What class gave only wine and food as a grave offering?
Answer: less well-off
Question: What was the multi day of remembrance for the dead? 
Answer: Parentalia
Question: What goddess was an intermediary  between the dead and the living?
Answer: Ceres
Question: What items were shared among Christian and non- Christians?
Answer: Tombs
Question: What did St Augustine believe that funeral feasts gave an opportunity for?
Answer: alms of food
Question: When was Christian attendance at Parentalia become forbidden by the Christians?
Answer: AD 567
Question: How did the Romans view the corpse of the dead?
Answer: ritual pollution
Question: For what purpose were Roman camps arranged?
Answer: defense and religious ritual
Question: Of what were Roman camps diminutive versions?
Answer: Rome
Question: What was in the center of each Roman camp?
Answer: commander's headquarters
Question: What does the religious rites performed before battle suggest that the camp has become?
Answer: divine templum
Question: What officer headed the religious personnel of a Roman camp?
Answer: senior magistrate-commander
Question: In the Imperial era, what cult did legionnaires follow?
Answer: emperor
Question: Even in other places, of what did the legions keep observance?
Answer: Rome's official festivals
Question: What person was considered to be "Mother of the camp''?
Answer: Empress
Question: What Roman general had a dream of his fate in battle?
Answer: Decius Mus
Question: With what does the devotio link to military ethics?
Answer: Roman gladiator
Question: By dying what did Decius avoid for the battle?
Answer: disastrous consequences
Question: Who wrote a detailed account of the demise of Decius Mus?
Answer: Livy
Question: What general was consul in 249 BC?
Answer: Publius Claudius Pulcher
Question: What type of campaign did Publius fight?
Answer: sea
Question: What was Publius's critical mistake in his sea campaign?
Answer: defiance of the omen
Question: How did Publius fare in his battle?
Answer: defeated
Question: What was the cause of Publius's failures according to Roman feeling?
Answer: impiety
Question: What religious act did women not perform?
Answer: animal sacrifice
Question: What priesthood was reserved solely for women?
Answer: Vestals
Question: What Roman rites excluded men?
Answer: Bona Dea
Question: With what are many deities aligned for women in Rome's religions? 
Answer: motherhood
Question: Doing what type of actions were considered to be wrong in Rome?
Answer: more than was necessary
Question: What was excessive religio equated with in Rome?
Answer: superstition
Question: What was the basis of Roman religion?
Answer: knowledge
Question: What type of knowledge seeking was superstitio considered to be?
Answer: inappropriate
Question: What was the purpose to be discovered by state sanctioned diviners?
Answer: will of the gods
Question: What action was not to be sought by state diviners?
Answer: foretelling the future
Question: What group of people were several times expelled from Rome?
Answer: Astrologers and magicians
Question: What had an astrologer predicted to warrant from Rome by Tiberius?
Answer: death
Question: To what did the term magi originally refer?
Answer: Persian priests
Question: Who wrote a skeptical work outlining magic and its use?
Answer: Pliny the Elder
Question: What was the title of Pliny's work on magic?
Answer: "History of magical arts"
Question: Who was a noted magician who could vanish into thin air?
Answer: Apollonius of Tyana
Question: Who consulted a witch before the battle of Pharsalus?
Answer: Sextus Pompeius
Question: What witch was reputed to be able to stop the rotation of the heavens?
Answer: Erichtho
Question: What natural order was Erichtho accused of undermining?
Answer: order of gods
Question: How was Erichtho portrayed?
Answer: stereotypical witch
Question: From what country did Erichtho come?
Answer: Thessaly
Question: What deities were on the edge of Roman religious community? 
Answer: Chthonic
Question: What did people seeking the aid of magicians avoid?
Answer: public gaze
Question: What could public rites and magic easily become in some circumstances?
Answer: indistinguishable
Question: Where was magic conducted in Rome?
Answer: outside the sacred boundary
Question: What was the term for binding spells in the Roman world?
Answer: defixiones
Question: What did the elite use instead of spells and potions to redress a wrong?
Answer: law and justice
Question: Until what era did spells persist in the empire?
Answer: 7th century AD
Question: What era produced a decline in the use of spells?
Answer: Christian era
Question: Of what class was more than half of Rome's population?
Answer: slave or free non-citizens
Question: What was the lowest class of Roman citizens?
Answer: plebeians
Question: How many adult males were able to vote in Rome?
Answer: Less than a quarter
Question: What organization was Rome's official caretaker?
Answer: the senate
Question: Where was the basic power in Rome to be found?
Answer: patrician elite
Question: What group was excluded from high offices ?
Answer: plebeians
Question: Who did the Senate select to settle a strike by the lower classes?
Answer: Camillus
Question: To whom was a temple dedicated at the settlement of the strike?
Answer: Concordia
Question: What did the patrician electorate keep in spite of a new plebeian nobility? 
Answer: political traditions and religious cults
Question: What cult arrived from southern Italy?
Answer: Dionysus
Question: During what time did the Dionysus cult become popular?
Answer: Punic crisis
Question: To what Roman god was Dionysus similar?
Answer: Bacchus
Question: With loyalty a necessity, what censorship did not need to be enforced?
Answer: divine hierarchy
Question: What appointment was the start of Cesar's political rise?
Answer: pontifex maximus
Question: What did the Augustan settlement signify in Rome's classes?
Answer: cultural shift
Question: What did the claims of officials imply about the nature of the individuals?
Answer: divinely inspired
Question: In what year was Cesar made pontifex maximus?
Answer: 63 BC
Question: How were opportunities limited in the principate for the citizens of Rome?
Answer: by law
Question: At the end of the regal period, what class was kept out of the state political and priesthood arenas?
Answer: plebeian
Question: With whom did Rome have alliances at the end of the regal period?
Answer: neighbours
Question: What goddess became a part of the Capitoline triad?
Answer: Minerva
Question: In what style was the temple to Minerva built?
Answer: Etruscan
Question: What gods were in the Capitoline triad?
Answer: Jupiter, Juno and Minerva
Question: To whom was a new temple dedicated on the Alban Mount?
Answer: Jupiter Latiaris
Question: What cult was formed at the ars maxima in the Forum Boarium ?
Answer: Hercules
Question: For what group was Castor a patron?
Answer: cavalry
Question: From where was Venus brought and lodged on the Capitoline Hill?
Answer: Sicily
Question: What cult appeared from Pessinus in 206 BC?
Answer: Magna Mater
Question: What cult was brought in to Rome after the Great Mother cult?
Answer: Bacchus
Question: In what year did the Senate declare the Bacchus subversive?
Answer: 186 BC
Question: In what year was Diana  brought into the pomerium?
Answer: 179 BC
Question: What god was introduced in Rome in 138 BC?
Answer: Mars
Question: The spread of all things Greek provided what for the interpretation of Rome's religions?
Answer: model
Question: What writer defined the development of the gods?
Answer: Euhemerus
Question: At the end of the Republic, who read the Stoic interpretations of Roman gods and religion?
Answer: literate elite
Question: What factors sustained the beliefs in gods according to Varro?
Answer: devotion and cult.
Question: What theory claims that popular belief was based on fiction?
Answer: Euhemerus' theory
Question: What style of claim did Romans favor as a link to the gods?
Answer: personal claim
Question: What deity did the Julii claim as an ancestor?
Answer: Venus Genetrix
Question: Of what were such claims of deity relations the start?
Answer: Imperial cult
Question: What author further elaborated on the imperial claim of godhood? 
Answer: Vergil
Question: By the end of the Republic, what offices were increasingly joined?
Answer: religious and political
Question: What Roman figure was given wide and lifeime powers?
Answer: Augustus
Question: How many priesthoods was Augustus given?
Answer: unprecedented number
Question: How were Augustus's reforms viewed?
Answer: adaptive, restorative and regulatory
Question: As a return to what did Augustus portray the Vestals in his reforms?
Answer: Roman morality
Question: What were Rome's policies in regards to foreign peoples?
Answer: inclusionist policies
Question: What was Rome's policy towards government?
Answer: Autonomy and concord
Question: What did foreign cults gradually begin to display in similarity to Roman cults? 
Answer: Romanised
Question: What was Rome not demanding of in religion of foreign areas of the empire?
Answer: centralised legal requirement
Question: To whom did Roman soldiers set up alters?
Answer: traditional gods
Question: What style of religious dedication was not uncommon for outer border areas?
Answer: diis deabusque omnibus
Question: What type of household gods and cults did soldiers bring to outer areas?
Answer: domestic
Question: What act  of provincials brought new gods into the military?
Answer: conscription
Question: What did Rome typically award to provincial members of the empire?
Answer: citizenship
Question: What form of government did Cesar seem to be attempting?
Answer: divine monarchy
Question: To what ruler did foreign allies offer a divine cult? 
Answer: Augustus
Question: For what was Augustus's reformed system of government notiable?
Answer: integrated
Question: By the end of Augustus's reign what was an established fact?
Answer: Imperial cult
Question: As first citizen, what must the emperor's mores represent?
Answer: traditional
Question: As a living divus, what was the emperor to Rome?
Answer: father of his country
Question: After his death, how was the emperor's afterlife decided?
Answer: vote in the Senate
Question: What did emperors before Diocletian try to guarantee in religion? 
Answer: traditional cults
Question: What religious buildings were established in Rome in the imperial period?
Answer: synagogues
Question: When did Judea become an allied kingdom to Rome?
Answer: 63 BC
Question: Who recognized the Jewish synagogues as being legitimate in Rome?
Answer: Julius Caesar
Question: In contrast to what religion was Judaism acceptable in Rome?
Answer: Christianity
Question: What group was accused of starting the Great Fire of 64 AD?
Answer: Christians
Question: Who made the accusation that the Christians had started the Great Fire?
Answer: Emperor Nero
Question: What outcome did the accusations against the Christians produce? 
Answer: persecution
Question: What was the persecution of the Christians by Rome?
Answer: official policy
Question: How did early Christians view traditional Roman cultism?
Answer: ungodly practices
Question: Which emperor decreed that all Romans must sacrifice to traditional gods?
Answer: Decius
Question: What religious group was exempt from sacrifices?
Answer: Jews
Question: What oath was a requirement of the emperor's decree?
Answer: Decian oath
Question: What was the Decian decree meant to root out?
Answer: subversives
Question: What happened to the decree after a year?
Answer: edict expired.
Question: What did  Valerian call the Christian religion?
Answer: subversive foreign cult
Question: What Christian events did Valerian outlaw?
Answer: assemblies
Question: To what gods did Valerian tell the Christians to sacrifice?
Answer: Rome's traditional
Question: What did Valerian's second edict call the Christians' presence in the empire?
Answer: threat
Question: What did the Christian church become in the years after Valerian's death?
Answer: stronger
Question: For what reason were Maximillian and Marcellus executed?
Answer: treason
Question: In what year did Diocletian's edict order the destruction of Christian churches and texts?
Answer: 303 AD
Question: In 303 AD what did Christians begin losing?
Answer: legal rights
Question: With what were Christian priests threatened in the second edict?
Answer: imprisonment
Question: To what did the edict of 304 admonish Christians to sacrifice?
Answer: traditional gods
Question: In areas of strict enforcement, what happened to Christians?
Answer: imprisoned or martyred
Question: What were some Christian communities?
Answer: powerful and influential
Question: What were some provincial governors in enforcement of the Roman edicts?
Answer: lenient
Question: When did Galerius revoke the anti-Christian policies?
Answer: 311
Question: With what veneration did most Christians have little trouble?
Answer: "pagan" emperors
Question: To what did the Christian church equate the peace of the emperors?
Answer: peace of God
Question: What pontifax maximus favored the Catholic church? 
Answer: Constantine I
Question: What Christian group did Constantine I disapprove?
Answer: Donatists
Question: What edict defined imperial ideas as being those of toleration?
Answer: edict of Milan
Question: How did Constantine accept Christianity?
Answer: officially
Question: Besides the acceptance of Christianity, what other religious cults were tolerated?
Answer: traditional religions
Question: As what type of ruler did Constantine unite the empire and church?
Answer: absolute head of state
Question: As what was Constantine honored when he died?
Answer: Christian, Imperial, and "divus"
Question: How many bishops attended the First Council?
Answer: 318
Question: From where were the bishops in attendance at the Council few in number?
Answer: Western Empire
Question: What was the Council of Nicaea meant to define?
Answer: Christian orthodoxy
Question: What agreement was reached a the Council of Nicaea ?
Answer: Nicene Creed
Question: What was proclaimed the state religion under Theodosius I?
Answer: Nicene Christianity
Question: What pleas were rejected by the empire?
Answer: religious tolerance
Question: What group was excluded or persecuted by the empire?
Answer: Heretics
Question: What aspects of Roman religion influenced Christian forms?
Answer: ritual
Question: When did Julian become Augustus?
Answer: 361
Question: What did Julian try to restore to the empire?
Answer: non-Christian practices
Question: What building did Julian want to rebuild?
Answer: Jerusalem's temple
Question: After Julian's death, under to what type of religion did the empire return?
Answer: Christian control
Question: What group did Gratian seek the abolish?
Answer: Vestals
Question: Which emperor briefly united the empire again?
Answer: Theodosius I
Question: What flame did Theodosius extinguish to remove the Vestals from power?
Answer: Sacred fire
Question: Of what was Theodosius the last emperor?
Answer: East and West
Question: When was Youtube created?
Answer: February 2005
Question: How much did Google pay for Youtube in 2006?
Answer: US$1.65 billion
Question: Other than video blogging and and educational videos, what content is available on youtube?
Answer: short original videos
Question: How does youtube now operate as a business?
Answer: as one of Google's subsidiaries
Question: What company did the three employees that started YouTube in 2006 used to work for?
Question: Who bought YouTube in 2005 for US$1.65 billion?
Question: Who's subsidiary does Google now operate under?
Question: What other technology does YouTube use besides WebM and H.642/MPEG-4 VAC?
Question: What are the first names of the men that invented youtube?
Answer: Hurley and Chen
Question: Where did Chen live in 2005?
Answer: San Francisco
Question: When did the creators have the idea for youtube?
Answer: the early months of 2005
Question: What was the original stimuli for creating the website?
Answer: difficulty sharing videos
Question: Where did Chen live in 2007?
Question: When did the creators have the idea for Google?
Question: What wasn't the original reason for creating the website?
Question: Who sold YouTube?
Question: When did Chen Hurley develop the idea for YouTube?
Question: What city did Chen Hurley live in?
Question: What did Karim Hurley not attend?
Question: What was the first video to reach a million views?
Answer: a Nike advertisement
Question: How much did Sequoia Capital invest in youtube in November of 2005?
Answer: $3.5 million
Question: What was the official launch date for the youtube website?
Answer: December 15, 2005
Question: As of May 2010 how many total video views had youtube attained?
Answer: 14 billion
Question: What happened in March 2005?
Question: What was the second video to reach a million views?
Question: What hockey star was in the Nike advertisement?
Question: What ad first aired in August 2005?
Question: What happened on December 25, 2005?
Question: What type of public test was offered in May 2006?
Question: What video first reached one million views in July 2005?
Question: What happened on December 15, 2006?
Question: How many videos were being uploaded every day by July 2010?
Question: What company has a market share of 14%?
Question: As of 2014, how many hours of video were being uploaded every  minute?
Answer: 300
Question: How much content on youtube comes from outside the US?
Answer: around three quarters
Question: How many unique visitors a month were tracked as of 2014?
Answer: 800 million
Question: As of June 2015, how many estimated visitors does youtube have in a month?
Answer: 15 billion
Question: Youtube is ranked what on the world's list of most visited sites?
Answer: third
Question: When did YouTube say 400 hours were being uploaded every minute?
Question: How much content on youtube comes from inside the US?
Question: What is ranked second on the world's list of most visited sites?
Question: What is ranked fourth on the world's list of most visited sites?
Question: What has more than 20 billion visitors per month?
Question: How many hours of new video every minute did YouTube say were uploaded in 2015?
Question: How much bandwidth did YouTube consume in 2014?
Question: How many visitors per month did YouTube have as of June 2014?
Question: What is the third most visited website in the world as of June 2014?
Question: What did youtube do on March 31 2010? 
Answer: launched a new design
Question: Who was the Google product manager in 2010?
Answer: Shiva Rajaraman
Question: How many videos was youtube serving per day as of May 2010?
Answer: more than two billion
Question: How many views per day was youtube receiving as of May 2011?
Answer: more than three billion
Question: How many videos per day were streamed as of January 2012?
Answer: four billion
Question: What happened on March 30 2010?
Question: Who was the Google product manager in 2009?
Question:  How many videos was youtube serving per day as of May 2011?
Question:  How many videos per day were streamed as of January 2014?
Question:  How many views per day was youtube receiving as of May 2012?
Question: What did YouTube launch on March 13, 2010?
Question: What did Rajaraman Shiva say about the new design?
Question: How many videos was YouTube serving per day in March 2010?
Question: How many views was YouTube recieving in March 2011?
Question: How many videos were being streamed per day in January 2010?
Question: what was the name of the new app youtube launched?
Answer: YouTube Kids
Question: What platform was launched in Aug of 2015?
Answer: YouTube Gaming