huutuan/long_squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Question: Records indicate how many pounds of deer skins were imported from Charles Town during the height of its deerskin trade?
Question: What trade wasn't the basis of Charles Town's original economy?
Question: What was the average amount of deer skins that Charles Town exported to Europe between 1699 to 1815?
Question: Charleston supported the College of Charles Towne until what year?
Answer: 1970
Question: What year was the Charles Towne Library Society established?
Answer: 1748
Question: When was the College of Charles Towe founded?
Answer: 1770
Question: What is located where the first theatre building in Charles Town once stood?
Answer: Dock Street Theatre
Question: What is the newest college in South Carolina?
Question: Charleston never supported the College of Charles Towne until what year?
Question: What year was the Charles Towne Library Society unestablished?
Question: When was the College of Charles Towe unfounded?
Question: What is located where the last theatre building in Charles Town once stood?
Question: Which general tried to seize Charles Town during the American Revolution?
Answer: General Sir Henry Clinton
Question: When did General Clinton attack South Carolina?
Answer: June 28, 1776
Question: Who was the commander of the American forces defending South Carolina?
Answer: Col. Moultrie
Question: What was the British hoping to inspire by their attack on Charles Town?
Answer: a simultaneous Loyalist uprising
Question: Fort Sullivan was renamed  what after the battle?
Answer: Fort Moultrie
Question: Which general tried to seize Charles Town before the American Revolution?
Question: When did General Clinton attack North Carolina?
Question: Who was the commander of the American forces defending North Carolina?
Question: What was the British hoping to inspire by their defense of Charles Town?
Question: What was the greatest American defeat of the American Revolution?
Answer: Siege of Charles Towne
Question: How many soldiers did General Clinton return with?
Answer: 14,000
Question: In what year did General Clinton return to Charles Towne?
Answer: 1780
Question: Who was the leader of the American forces defending Charles Towne?
Answer: General Benjamin Lincoln
Question: How many soldiers did General Lincoln lead?
Answer: 5,400
Question: What was the worst American defeat of the American Revolution?
Question: How many soldiers didb't General Clinton return with?
Question: In what year didn't General Clinton return to Charles Towne?
Question: Who was the leader of the American forces attacking Charles Towne?
Question: How many soldiers didn't General Lincoln lead?
Question: Charleston was the state capital of South Carolina until what year?
Answer: 1786
Question: In what year was the cotton gin invented?
Answer: 1793
Question: What became South Carolina's major export commodity after 1793?
Answer: cotton
Question: Who made up most of the primary labor force of cotton plantations? 
Answer: Slaves
Question: What city became the state capital of North Carolina?
Question: Charleston was the state capital of North Carolina until what year?
Question: In what year was the cotton gin rejected?
Question: What became South Carolina's major export commodity after 1739?
Question: Who made up little of the primary labor force of cotton plantations?
Question: How many free people of color lived in Charleston in 1860?
Answer: 3,785
Question: What percentage of Charleston's population were free people of color?
Answer: 8%
Question: What percentage of Charleston's black population were free people of color?
Answer: 18%
Question: In what year was the Brown Fellowship Society created?
Answer: 1790
Question: In what year did the Brown Fellowship Society end?
Answer: 1945
Question: How many free people of color lived in Charleston in 1680?
Question: What percentage of Charleston's population were slave people of color?
Question: What percentage of Charleston's black population weren't free people of color?
Question: In what year was the Brown Fellowship Society ended?
Question: In what year did the Brown Fellowship Society start?
Question: When was Vesey's plan for a slave revolt revealed?
Answer: May 1822
Question: How was Vesey executed in 1822?
Answer: hanged
Question: How many slaves were executed with Vesey? 
Answer: five slaves
Question: What revolution made whites fearful of retribution of slaves?
Answer: Haitian Revolution
Question: What wasn't planned by Denmark Vesey?
Question: When wasn't Vesey's plan for a slave revolt revealed?
Question: How was Vesey executed in 1820?
Question: How many slaves were spared with Vesey?
Question: What revolution made blacks fearful of retribution of slaves?
Question: How many African Americans lived in Charleston in 1860?
Answer: 17,000
Question: How many African American lived in Charleston in 1880?
Answer: 27,000
Question: AME Zion Churches were first established in what part of America?
Answer: the North
Question: What  barred product ,along with dogs and guns ,  did the Freemen want after slavery ended?
Answer: liquor
Question: How many African Americans lived in Charleston in 1870?
Question: How many African American lived in Charleston in 1890
Question: Black left which religious denomination is low numbers after slavery?
Question: AME Zion Churches were last established in what part of America?
Question: What barred product ,along with dogs and guns , did the Freemen want after slavery began?
Question: What type of school was the Avery Normal Institute?
Answer: free secondary school
Question: Who attended the Avery Normal Institute?
Answer: Charleston's African American population
Question: What general supported the conversion of a US Arsenal into Porter Military Academy?
Answer: William T. Sherman
Question: Soldiers and boys helped by Porter Military Academy were affected by what?
Answer: war
Question: What association never founded the Avery Normal Institute?
Question: What type of school wasn't the Avery Normal Institute?
Question: Who never attended the Avery Normal Institute?
Question: What general supported the conversion of a UN Arsenal into Porter Military Academy?
Question: oldiers and boys helped by Porter Military Academy weren't affected by what?
Question: What percentage of Charleston's population was black in 1875?
Answer: 57%
Question: What percentage of Charleston County's was black in 1875?
Answer: 73%
Question: In 1876, Charleston's Black Republicans fought against whom?
Answer: white Democrats
Question: The second riot of 1876 happened when?
Answer: the day after the election in November
Question: How many major riots between blacks and whites occurred in Charleston in 1876?
Answer: two
Question: What percentage of Charleston's population was black in 1857?
Question: What percentage of Charleston County's was black in 1857?
Question: In 1867, Charleston's Black Republicans fought against whom?
Question: The second riot of 1867 happened when?
Question: How many major riots between blacks and whites occurred in Charleston in 1867?
Question: What were white Democratic paramilitary groups in Charleston known as?
Answer: the Red Shirts
Question: What granted Freeman were American citizenship?
Answer: federal constitutional amendments.
Question: The Cainhoy Incident occurred on what day?
Answer: October 15
Question: The violent 1876 incident that took place on King's street happened on what day?
Answer: September 6
Question: Who won the 1876 election as a result of voter intimidation?
Answer: Wade Hampton
Question: What weren't white Democratic paramilitary groups in Charleston known as?
Question: What granted Freeman weren't American citizenship?
Question: The Cainboy Incident occurred on what day?
Question: The violent 1867 incident that took place on King's street happened on what day?
Question: Who won the 1867 election as a result of voter intimidation?
Question: What date was the Charleston earthquake of 1886?
Answer: August 31, 1886
Question: How many buildings were damaged by the 1886 earthquake in Charleston?
Answer: 2,000 buildings
Question: What was the cost of the damage of the 1886 earthquake to the city of Charleston?
Answer: $6 million
Question: What was the total value of all of Charleston's city buildings before the earthquake?
Answer: $24 million
Question: What nearly destroyed Charleston in 1868?
Question: What date was the Charleston earthquake of 1868?
Question: How many buildings were damaged by the 1868 earthquake in Charleston?
Question: What was the cost of the damage of the 1868 earthquake to the city of Charleston?
Question: What was the total value of some of Charleston's city buildings before the earthquake?
Question: What year was a new constitution passed that discriminated against blacks were passed?
Answer: 1896
Question: The William Enston Home was built in what year?
Answer: 1889.
Question: Blacks were the majority in South Carolina until what year?
Answer: 1930
Question: A large post office and courthouse was built in what year?
Answer: 1896
Question: Which party dominated North Carolina's state legislature?
Question: What year was a new constitution passed that discriminated against whites were passed?
Question: The William Enston Home was destroyed in what year?
Question: Blacks were the minority in South Carolina until what year?
Question: A small post office and courthouse was built in what year?
Question: On what day were nine people killed in the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church?
Answer: June 17, 2015
Question: What was the name of 21 year old that killed nine church members in Charleston, South Carolina?
Answer: Dylann Roof
Question: Clementa Pinckney served what public office for the state of South Carolina?
Answer: state senator
Question: On what day was the Confederate flag removed from South Carolina State House?
Answer: July 10, 2015
Question: A memorial service for the nine victims was held on which college's campus?
Answer: College of Charleston
Question: On what day were six people killed in the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church?
Question: What was the name of 22 year old that killed nine church members in Charleston, South Carolina?
Question: Clementa Pinckney served what public office for the state of North Carolina?
Question: On what day was the Confederate flag added from South Carolina State House?
Question: A memorial service for the six victims was held on which college's campus?
Question: What year was Spoleto Festival USA founded?
Answer: 1977
Question: What  the profession of Gian Carlo Menotti?
Answer: composer
Question: Spoleto Festival USA is a counterpart to what Italian festival?
Answer: Festival dei Due Mondi
Question: What major award did Gian Carlo Menotti win?
Answer: Pulitzer Prize
Question: What season isn't Spoleto Festival USA held?
Question: What year was Spoleto Festival UK founded?
Question: Spoleto Festival Uk is a counterpart to what Italian festival?
Question: What minor award did Gian Carlo Menotti win?
Question: The Footlight Players  started creating theatrical productions in what year?
Answer: 1931
Question: Where is the  annual Charleston Fashion week held?
Answer: Marion Square
Question: Charleston is known for what type of food?
Answer: seafood
Question: Charleston cuisine is influenced by what two cultures?
Answer: British and French
Question: What is Charleston's newest community theater group?
Question: The Footlight Players stopped creating theatrical productions in what year?
Question: Where is the annual Charleston Fashion month held?
Question: Charleston is unknown for what type of food?
Question: Charleston cuisine is uninfluenced by what two cultures?
Question: "Charleston's Provincialisms" was published in what year?
Answer: 1887
Question: Who was the author of the work entitled, "The Huguenot Element in Charleston's Provincialisms"?
Answer: Sylvester Primer
Question: To which college did Sylvester Primer belong?
Answer: College of Charleston
Question: To which two early cultures are the unique characteristics of Charleston's accent attributed to?
Answer: French Huguenots and Sephardic Jews
Question: What type of journal were Primer's work on Charleston's accent published?
Answer: German journal
Question: "Charleston's Provincialisms" wasn't published in what year?
Question: Who wasn't the author of the work entitled, "The Huguenot Element in Charleston's Provincialisms"?
Question: To which college didn't Sylvester Primer belong?
Question: To which three early cultures are the unique characteristics of Charleston's accent attributed to?
Question: What type of journal were Primer's work on Charleston's accent unpublished?
Question: How many days does the Spoleto Festival USA run each year?
Answer: 17
Question: What kind of festival is Spoleto Festival USA?
Answer: art festival
Question: The Holiday Festival of Lights are held where?
Answer: James Island County Park
Question: About how many performances are there in the Spoleto Festival USA?
Answer: over 100 performances
Question: Who founded the Spoleto Festival USA?
Answer: Gian Carlo Menotti
Question: How many days does the Spoleto Festival UK run each year?
Question: What kind of festival is Spoleto Festival UK?
Question: The Holiday Festival of Lights aren't held where?
Question: About how many performances are there in the Spoleto Festival UK?
Question: Who founded the Spoleto Festival UK?
Question: What decade was the Charleston dance popular nationally?
Answer: 1920s
Question: Who created the song "Charleston Rag"?
Answer: Eubie Blake
Question: Which Charleston community had a large influence on jazz music?
Answer: the Gullah community
Question: Geechee dances are associated with the music of what type of worker?
Answer: dock workers
Question: Who never wrote the "Charleston"?
Question: What decade wasn't the Charleston dance popular nationally?
Question: Who hated the song "Charleston Rag"?
Question: Which Charleston community had a small influence on jazz music?
Question: Geechee dances aren't associated with the music of what type of worker?
Question: What Charleston Reverend established the Jenkins Orphanage?
Answer: Daniel J. Jenkins
Question: What type of donations did the Jerkins Orphanage accept?
Answer: donations of musical instruments
Question: Whose graduates tutored many boys from the Jenkins Orphanage?
Answer: Avery Institute Graduates
Question: What city was Louis Armstrong from?
Answer: New Orleans
Question: What year was the Jenkins Orphanage closed?
Question: What Charleston Reverend closed the Jenkins Orphanage?
Question: What type of donations did the Jerkins Orphanage reject?
Question: Whose graduates tutored many girls from the Jenkins Orphanage?
Question: What city wasn't Louis Armstrong from?
Question: What other president did the Jenkins Orphanage play for other than Taft?
Answer: Theodore Roosevelt
Question: What play did the Jenkins Orphanage band play for on Broadway ?
Answer: Porgy
Question: What was the name of the "folk opera" based on 'Porgy'?
Answer: Porgy and Bess
Question: Where did Gershwin and Heyward write their folk opera?
Answer: Folly Beach outside of Charleston
Question: When did Gershwin and Heyward write their folk opera?
Answer: summer of 1934
Question: What other president didn't the Jenkins Orphanage play for other than Taft?
Question: What play didn't the Jenkins Orphanage band play for on Broadway ?
Question: What wasn't the name of the "folk opera" based on 'Porgy'?
Question: Where did Gershwin and Heyward read their folk opera?
Question: When did Gershwin and Heyward read their folk opera?
Question: How many full time firefighters do Charleston have?
Answer: 300
Question: Who was the Fire Chief until June 2008?
Answer: Russell (Rusty) Thomas
Question: Who became the Fire Chief in November 2008?
Answer: Chief Thomas Carr
Question: How many tower companies does the fire department have?
Answer: two
Question: How many companies aren't there in the City of Charleston Fire Department?
Question: How many part time firefighters do Charleston have?
Question: Who was the Fire Chief until June 2009?
Question: Who became the Fire Chief in November 2009?
Question: How many tower companies doesn't the fire department have?
Question: What is the largest police department of South Carolina?
Answer: The City of Charleston Police Department
Question: How many reserve police officers do the Charleston Police Department have?
Answer: 27
Question: How many civilians serve on the Charleston Police Department?
Answer: 137
Question: Who is the current Chief of the Charleston Police Department?
Answer: Greg Mullen
Question: What year did Reuben Greenberg retire as Chief of Charleston Police Department?
Answer: 2005
Question: What is the smallest police department of South Carolina?
Question: How many reserve police officers don't the Charleston Police Department have?
Question: How many civilians don't serve on the Charleston Police Department?
Question: Who is the former Chief of the Charleston Police Department?
Question: What year did Reuben Greenberg unretire as Chief of Charleston Police Department?
Question: What is the state's first school of medicine?
Answer: Medical University of South Carolina Medical Center
Question: Where is East Cooper Regional Medical Center?
Answer: Mount Pleasant
Question: Where is the Trident Regional Medical Center is located?
Answer: City of North Charleston
Question: Bon Secours-St Francis Xavier Hospital is located at what portion of the city?
Answer: West Ashley portion
Question: What medical district is experiencing growth in biotechnology and medical research field?
Answer: The downtown medical district
Question: What is the state's last school of medicine?
Question: Where is West Cooper Regional Medical Center?
Question: Where isn't the Trident Regional Medical Center located?
Question: Bon Secours-St Francis Xavier Hospital isn't located at what portion of the city?
Question: What medical district is experiencing decline in biotechnology and medical research field?
Question: The Charleston International Airport is located in what city?
Answer: North Charleston
Question: How far is the airport from downtown Charleston?
Answer: 12 miles (20 km)
Question: Charleston Executive Airport is located where?
Answer: the John's Island section of the city of Charleston
Question: What military base is located near the airport?
Answer: Charleston Air Force Base
Question: What airport provides no service to the City to Charleston?
Question: The Charleston International Airport isn't located in what city?
Question: How far is the airport from uptown Charleston?
Question: Charleston Executive Airport isn't located where?
Question: What military base is located nowhere near the airport?
Question: What area in Charleston is considered the 'industrial area'?
Answer: the city's Neck area
Question: What highways is King Street in downtown Charleston?
Answer: U.S. Highway 78
Question: U.S. Highway 78 merges with what street?
Answer: Meeting Street
Question: Interstate 526 begins and ends at what Highway?
Answer: U.S. Highway 17
Question: Interstate 26 begins on what part of Charleston?
Answer: downtown Charleston
Question: What area in Charleston isn't considered the 'industrial area'?
Question: What highways is King Street in uptown Charleston?
Question: U.S. Highway 87 merges with what street?
Question: Interstate 562 begins and ends at what Highway?
Question: Interstate 62 begins on what part of Charleston?
Question: What year did the Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge open?
Answer: 2005
Question: What is linked to downtown Charleston by the bridge?
Answer: Mount Pleasant
Question: What year was the Grace Memorial Bridge built?
Answer: 1929
Question: What year was the Silas N. Pearman Bridge built?
Answer: 1966
Question: The Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge crosses what river?
Answer: Cooper River
Question: What year did the Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge close?
Question: What is linked to uptown Charleston by the bridge?
Question: What year was the Grace Memorial Bridge closed?
Question: What year was the Silas N. Pearman Bridge destroyed?
Question: The Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge never crosses what river?
Question: Some of the oldest private schools in Charleston date back how long?
Answer: 150 years
Question: The Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston oversees what kind of schools?
Answer: K-8 parochial schools
Question: How old are some of Charleston's private school?
Answer: 150 years
Question: Which school is Charleston's diocesan high school?
Answer: Bishop England High School
Question: Which organization oversees several K-8 Parochial Schools?
Answer: The Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston Office of Education
Question: Bishop England High school , Porter-Gaud School and a what other school is among Charleston's most prominent private schools?
Answer: Ashley Hall
Question: Some of the oldest public schools in Charleston date back how long?
Question: The Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston oversees what kind of hospitals?
Question: How old are some of Charleston's public school?
Question: Which school isn't Charleston's diocesan high school?
Question: Which organization oversees several K-9 Parochial Schools?
Question: Where is the Art Institute of Charleston located?
Answer: downtown on North Market Street
Question: What year did the Art institute of Charleston open?
Answer: 2007
Question: What Charleston College offers a degree in Building Arts?
Answer: The American College of the Building Arts
Question: What Technical college have a campus at downtown Charleston?
Answer: Trident Technical College
Question: What is the nation's 12th-oldest university?
Question: Where isn't the Art Institute of Charleston located?
Question: What year did the Art institute of Charleston close?
Question: What Charleston College offers no degree in Building Arts?
Question: What Technical college have a campus at uptown Charleston?
Question: In what country is Spoleto located?
Answer: Italy
Question: Who selected Charleston to host an American version of a festival?
Answer: Gian Carlo Menotti
Question: What is the name of festival held in Spoleto?
Answer: Festival of Two Worlds
Question: What is the profession of Gian Carlo Menotti?
Answer: composer
Question: What is the name of Charleston's brother city?
Question: In what country isn't Spoleto located?
Question: Who selected Charleston not to host an American version of a festival?
Question: What isn't the name of festival held in Spoleto?
Question: What isn't the profession of Gian Carlo Menotti?
Question: What year was the Polaris Missile Facility Atlantic station closed?
Answer: 1996
Question: How many nuclear warheads were stored at the Polaris Missile Facility Atlantic station?
Answer: 2,500 nuclear warheads
Question: How many SSBN "Boomer" squadrons were homeported at the Weapons Station?
Answer: Two
Question: Submarine Squadron 4 is homeported at what type of military base?
Answer: Naval Base
Question: What type of security force guards the 2500 nuclear warheads?
Answer: a U.S. Marine Corps security force company.
Question: What year was the Polaris Missile Facility Atlantic station opened?
Question: How many nuclear warheads weren't stored at the Polaris Missile Facility Atlantic station?
Question: How many SSNB "Boomer" squadrons were homeported at the Weapons Station?
Question: Submarine Squadron 3 is homeported at what type of military base?
Question: What type of security force guards the 2600 nuclear warheads?
Question: What year did South Carolina pass a law allowing them to repeal Federal Law?
Answer: 1832
Question: After South Carolina passed an ordinance of nullification, who was sent to Charleston's forts?
Answer: federal soldiers
Question: After South Carolina passed an ordinance of nullification, who was sent to Charleston Harbor?
Answer: five United States Coast Guard cutters
Question: The federal action of sending soldiers to Charleston in 1832 is known as what?
Answer: the Charleston incident
Question: A compromise law from the state politicans achieved what?
Answer: in Washington to gradually reduce the tariffs
Question: What year did North Carolina pass a law allowing them to repeal Federal Law?
Question: After North Carolina passed an ordinance of nullification, who was sent to Charleston's forts?
Question: After North Carolina passed an ordinance of nullification, who was sent to Charleston Harbor?
Question: The federal action of sending soldiers to Charleston in 1823 is known as what?
Question: A compromise law from the state politicans never achieved what?
Question: Where was  fresh food sold daily in Charleston in 1840?
Answer: the Market Hall and Sheds
Question: What year did the legal importation of slaves end?
Answer: 1808
Question: The region where cotton plantations were developed was known as what?
Answer: Black Belt
Question: In what era did one million slaves get trade throughout the South?
Answer: in the antebellum years
Question: What industry never depended on the port of Charleston?
Question: Where was fresh food sold daily in Charleston in 1804?
Question: What year did the legal importation of slaves start?
Question: The region where cotton plantations weren't developed was known as what?
Question: In what era did two million slaves get trade throughout the South?
Question: What percentage of those elected from 1868 to 1876 were Freemen?
Answer: 26%
Question: Freeman became the leaders of what party in Charleston?
Answer: postwar Republican Party
Question: What else did freed slaves face in postwar Charleston besides discrimination?
Answer: poverty
Question: For what did the Federal forces remain in Charleston?
Answer: city's reconstruction
Question: Which side was defeated in the war before Reconstruction?
Answer: Confederacy
Question: What percentage of those elected from 1868 to 1886 were Freemen?
Question: Freeman never became the leaders of what party in Charleston?
Question: What else did freed slaves face in prewar Charleston besides discrimination?
Question: For what did the Federal forces leave Charleston?
Question: Which side was defeated in the war after Reconstruction?
Question: What was the beginning date of the aerial raids on Great Britain?
Answer: 7 September 1940
Question: How many days did the aerial raids on Great Britain last?
Answer: 267 days
Question: How many times was London attacked?
Answer: 71 times
Question: Who was the UK Prime Minster at the time of the aerial raids?
Answer: Winston Churchill
Question: What city did Winston Churchill bomb in retaliation for the killing of civilians? 
Answer: Berlin
Question: How many nights did the Luftwaffe bomb London?
Answer: 57 consecutive nights
Question: What north sea port was the secondary target for bombers that could not find their primary target?
Answer: Sea port of Hull
Question: How many homes in London were destroyed in London?
Answer: More than one million
Question: How many people were killed in Liverpool?
Answer: nearly 4,000 deaths
Question: Which city centre was destroyed?
Answer: Coventry
Question: What was the name of the Luftwaffe plan to invade Britain?
Answer: Operation Sea Lion
Question: How many people died in the bombing of Hamburg?
Answer: 42,000
Question: What was the date of the bombing of Hamburg?
Answer: July 1943
Question: Who was the leader of the Luftwaffe? 
Answer: Hitler
Question: In the 1920's and 30's to theorist thought wars could be won by air forces what were their names?
Answer: Giulio Douhet and Billy Mitchell
Question: Bombing of civilian's was believed to cause what?
Answer: collapse of civilian will
Question: What kind of populace was believed to be most vulnerable?
Answer: Democracies
Question: What does USAAC stand for?
Answer: United States Army Air Corps
Question: What kind of bombing raids were most favored?
Answer: night
Question: What was the name of the Luftwaffe's bombing raids?
Answer: terror bombing
Question: What year did the terror bombing policy become official?
Answer: 1942
Question: Who said the Luftwaffe General Staff should be taught grand strategy?
Answer: Wever
Question: What is the mentality of potential opponents also known as?
Answer: mirror imaging
Question: What did the Air Academies not focus on?
Answer: independent strategic air offensives
Question: What army does the general staff belong to?
Answer: the Luftwaffe
Question: What year did Wever die?
Answer: 1936
Question: Who took over for Wever after his death?
Answer: Albert Kesselring and Hans-Jürgen Stumpff
Question: What two men were the most important in ground support?
Answer: Hugo Sperrle and Hans Jeschonnek
Question: What long time careers were Sperrle and Jeschonnek involved in?
Answer: German air services
Question: What year was the beginning of enemy bombing first promoted by Hitler?
Answer: 1930s
Question: Who had skepticism towards strategic bombing? 
Answer: Adolf Hitler
Question: Why did Hitler feel bombing wasn't working?
Answer: inability to damage industries
Question: In 1939 Hitler said bombing of Britain would begin when?
Answer: the moment was right
Question: Why did Hitler feel the Luftwaffe was unsuccessful in bombing raids?
Answer: prescribed targets are not hit
Question: What policy did Hitler hope the bombing of Allies would cause? 
Answer: policy of moderation
Question: What kind of prestige was Hitler hoping for?
Answer: political
Question: Why did Hitler use terror bombing against Britain? 
Answer: to produce a stalemate
Question: Who did Hitler have a conflict over running the air force?
Answer: Hermann Göring
Question: What strategy could have worked against the British Empire?
Answer: strangle British sea communications
Question: Who did Goring refuse to work with in 1940 and 1941?
Answer: the Kriegsmarine
Question: What did the Kriegsmarine try to gain control over?
Answer: aircraft
Question: What was the major cause of the separation between the Luftwaffe and the other military structure?
Answer: communications gap
Question: What did Goring do because of his fear of Hitler?
Answer: misrepresent what information
Question: What year did Goring display the Luftwaffe's advanced equipment?
Answer: 1939
Question: In what city did Goring display the advance equipment?
Answer: Rechlin
Question: Who's bombing program did Goring abandon in 1939? 
Answer: Wever
Question: Which two countries declared war on Germany on September 3 1939?
Answer: UK and France
Question: The RAF bombed what Germany coast?
Answer: Wilhelmshaven
Question: What kind of leaflets were dropped?
Answer: propaganda
Question: What were the RAF operations trying to lessen?
Answer: civilian casualties
Question: What year did the Luftwaffe destroy Rotterdam center?
Answer: 1940
Question: Which tactics were the Luftwaffe excepted to use against Britain? 
Answer: air operations
Question: Why did the Luftwaffe bomb the RAF Fighter Command?
Answer: to gain air superiority
Question: What was the name of the Channel the Luftwaffe bomb to try to gain air superiority?
Answer: English
Question: Which Navy was assumed not to be able to operate under German air superiority?
Answer: Royal
Question: Britain's  fabrication  of fighter planes out paced Germany by what margin?
Answer: 2 to 1
Question: How many aircraft did Britain produce in 1940?
Answer: 10,000
Question: What did German crew members face if they were shot down over Britain?
Answer: capture
Question: How big was the crew of a bomber?
Answer: four to five crewmen
Question: What does OKL stand for?
Answer: Oberkommando der Luftwaffe
Question: What month would the weather window begin to decline?
Answer: October
Question: If serious loss had happened to the RAF where might they have pulled out of?
Answer: the north
Question: What is the German name of Operation Sea Lion?
Answer: Unternehmen Seelöwe
Question: Who had exponential larger naval forces?
Answer: British naval forces
Question: The Luftwaffe air fleets were taking what kind of losses?
Answer: punishing
Question: What did the punishing losses to the air fleet cause the Luftwaffe to do?
Answer: change in strategy
Question: What kind of strategy did the Luftwaffe use to give their bombers better protection?
Answer: cover of darkness
Question: What city did Hitler give a speech where he said he would erase British cities?
Answer: Sportspalast
Question: In what year did Hitler give the speech at Sportspalast? 
Answer: 1940
Question: What was the name of the large air raid that took place in daylight hours in Britain?
Answer: Battle of Britain Day
Question: What was the main reason the Luftwaffe was not able to cause extensive damage with their missions?
Answer: bomb-load limitations
Question: What kind of bombers was Germany not able to build?
Answer: four-engined bombers
Question: Poor intelligence and what other problem made it difficult for the Luftwaffe to do extreme damage?
Answer: unclear strategy
Question: What year did the OKL become aware that Britain would be a possible target?
Answer: early 1938
Question: What disagreements did the  Luftwaffe staff center around?
Answer: tactics
Question: What did the disputes between the staff cause to happen to the strategy against Britain?
Answer: failure before it began
Question: Coupled with British quick reactions what cause operational capacity hard to achieve?
Answer: limitations in weapons technology
Question: What was an important fuel in the Second World War?
Answer: coal
Question: What kind of bombs were effective in the beginning but became less so with time?
Answer: delayed-action bombs
Question: What did Britain do that helped make the new strategy less effective? 
Answer: dispersed its production facilities
Question: Who was given permission to restore power and move supplies to keep the war moving?
Answer: Regional commissioners
Question: How many casualties did the British government estimate for every ton of bombs dropped?
Answer: 50
Question: As technology increased what was the amount of bombs that could be dropped in 1937 per day? 
Answer: 644
Question: What committee estimated that 60 days of attacks would result in 600,000 deaths?
Answer: Imperial Defence
Question: How many tons did experts expect Germany to drop in the first 24 hours of the war?
Answer: 3,500
Question: Who was the military theorist in 1939 who said 250,000 deaths and injury could occur in the first week of war in Britian?
Answer: Basil Liddell-Hart
Question: What was the biggest fear aerial attacks would cause besides death and wounded?
Answer: psychological trauma
Question: Psychiatrists believe in 1938  that mental trauma could reach how many millions?
Answer: three to four
Question: Where did 150,000 migrate during the Munich crisis?
Answer: Wales
Question: Who told Parliament that after long periods of attacks people would leave the cities for the country? 
Answer: Winston Churchill
Question: The government planned to evacuate 1.4 million from which city?
Answer: London
Question: What trial took place on August 10 1939?
Answer: a blackout
Question: How long were lights not allowed on after dark?
Answer: almost six years
Question: What was most unpopular affect of the war with civilians ?
Answer: the blackout
Question: Why did the government  and civil service not want to relocate during the war?
Answer: damage civilian morale
Question: What year did the shelter program finish?
Answer: 1940
Question: Why were the shelters soon abandoned in 1940? 
Answer: unsafe
Question: Why were Londoners forced to sleep in shelters?
Answer: attacks by night
Question: What kind of sentiment did the government fear would developed in large group shelters? 
Answer: anti-war
Question: Who did the government see as a leading advocate for building deep shelters?
Answer: the Communist Party's
Question: What was the name of the Pact of August 1939?
Answer: Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
Question: Why did the government refuse to allow the London Underground stations to be used as shelters?
Answer: interfere with commuter and troop travel
Question: Underground officials were ordered to lock the stations during raids but opened how long after the orders?
Answer: by the second week
Question: In 1940 how many people were sleeping in the Underground stations?
Answer: 150,000 a night
Question: Muffling the sound of batter made what easier in the Underground Stations?
Answer: sleep
Question: Why were many killed in Underground Stations?
Answer: direct hits
Question: What was the largest number to use Underground shelters in September  27, 1940?
Answer: 177,000
Question: In 1940 what percentage used the Tube for a sleeping shelter?
Answer: 4%
Question: Where did 60% of populations stay?
Answer: at home
Question: What year did the government start giving out Morrison shelters?
Answer: 1941
Question: Where could the Morrison shelters be used?
Answer: inside homes
Question: What year did the government start to build new deep shelters?
Answer: 1940
Question: How many people were the new shelters going to hold?
Answer: 80,000
Question: What helped cut down time standing in the queue for shelters?
Answer: Tickets
Question: Which two groups help improve life in the shelters?
Answer: British Red Cross and the Salvation Army
Question: What kind of trains provided food in the shelters?
Answer: canteen
Question: With the intense bomb what did not happen as great as prewar predictions expected?
Answer: psychiatric crisis
Question: What witness wrote that these people are staunch to the bone and won't quit?
Answer: American
Question: People called the raids very blitzy like they were talking about what?
Answer: weather
Question: Anne Freud and Edward Glover said London civilians did not suffer from what?
Answer: widespread shell shock
Question: Why did the psychiatric clinics close?
Answer: lack of need
Question: What two things declined during the attacks in Britain?
Answer: suicides and drunkenness
Question: The entire country was being attack and Glover believe it help people to do what?
Answer: accept and deal
Question: How many people attended cricket at Lord's?
Answer: 13,000
Question: What percent of Briton's expected to lose the war?
Answer: 3%
Question: What was Churchill's highest rating? 
Answer: 89%
Question: What were Spitfire Funds used for?
Answer: to build fighters
Question: The Auxiliary Fire Service had how many members in July of 1939?
Answer: 138,000
Question: Who was given the name Blitz Scouts?
Answer: Scout Association
Question: The Royal Army Pay Corps and what other group were in charge of salvage and clean-up?
Answer: Pioneer Corps
Question: What group did Samuel Hoare set up in 1938?
Answer: Women's Voluntary Services for Civil Defence
Question: Who was Home Secretary in 1938?
Answer: Samuel Hoare
Question: How many members did the WVS have at the end of 1941?
Answer: one million
Question: How many gas mask were issued before the war?
Answer: 50 million
Question: Who was the Air Officer Commanding Fighter Command after 1940?
Answer: Hugh Dowding
Question: What credit did Dowding receive?
Answer: defence of British air space
Question: What strategy could the German's have used instead of day raids?
Answer: bombing at night
Question: Why were civic and political leaders worried about Dowdings?
Answer: lack of reaction to the new crisis
Question: Who was reluctant to act quickly when urgent changes need to be made?
Answer: Dowding
Question: Who thought Dowding was stubborn and didn't like to cooperate?
Answer: Air Staff
Question: The Air Ministry was critical of Dowding after which battle?
Answer: Battle of Britain Day
Question: What did the Air Ministry plan to do with his failures?
Answer: attack him and his abilities
Question: Who was summoned to the Air Ministry conference on October 17, 1940?
Answer: Dowding
Question: Lord Beaverbrook and Churchill's support of Dowding was what?
Answer: waning
Question: Neglect of the RAF until 1938 caused what to happen?
Answer: sparse resources to build defences
Question: The Air Ministry and which other group decided to not make night defense a top priority?
Answer: Chamberlain Government
Question: People over the age of 35 reacted to the bombings with what?
Answer: great trepidation
Question: Why had German raids decreased between 1916-1918?
Answer: countermeasures
Question: How many people were killed by bomb drops during the first World War?
Answer: 1,413
Question: How many bombs had been dropped?
Answer: 9,000
Question: What did the RAF put most of their resources into?
Answer: daylight fighter defences
Question: RAF bombers had trouble flying at night, so the British believe the Germans would do what?
Answer: suffer the same problems
Question: Britain believe German bombers would be unable to reach and identify what?
Answer: targets
Question: What did the Air Force believe they could avoid if they carried out effective day missions?
Answer: night missions and their disadvantages
Question: Why was the tactic of bombing German aircraft bases, factories and fuel reserves impractical?
Answer: lacked the technology and equipment
Question: Until 1940 what type of aircraft did the RAF lacked?
Answer: specialist night-fighting
Question: What was wrong with the anti aircraft units?
Answer: poorly equipped and lacking in numbers
Question: What did the Lorenz beam allow aircraft to do?
Answer: land at night or in bad weather
Question: The Germans developed the Lorenz into what system?
Answer: Knickebein
Question: The Knickebein was the same as the Lorenz but used how many beams?
Answer: two Lorenz beams
Question: The Germans flew along one beam until they picked up the second beam the sound telling them when to start doing what?
Answer: dropping their bombs
Question: While Knickebein was used my most German crews who used the X-Gerat system?
Answer: specially trained pathfinder crews
Question: What frequency did the X-Gerat system use?
Answer: 66–77 MHz
Question: What rate per minute did ground transmitters send?
Answer: 180
Question: When the bomber crossed the first beam the bomber-aimer did what?
Answer: start the bombing-clock
Question: What mechanism cause the bombs to be released?
Answer: clock's timing
Question: Who operated the automatic beam system?
Answer: the bomber's autopilot
Question: What kind of checks help to keep the plane on course?
Answer: Direction-finding
Question: The crew could be order to drop the bomb by what?
Answer: a code word
Question: Who issued the code word to the bombers?
Answer: ground controller
Question: In 1940 a German prisoner overheard boasting that the British would never find what system?
Answer: Knickebein
Question: Which RAF technical advisor was the conversation passed onto?
Answer: Dr. R. V. Jones
Question: The Bean Approach Training Development Unit were fitted with what kind of transmitter to search for the Knickebein? 
Answer: 30 MHz receiver
Question: The first jamming operation was carried out using what machines?
Answer: electrocautery machines
Question: What two letter identifier did the signal have?
Answer: Morse
Question: What system used a separate locations for a receiver and a directional aerial?
Answer: Meacon
Question: When a German bomber flew to close to its own beam what happened to the signal?
Answer: stronger on the direction finder
Question: What did they use to lure German bombers away from their targets?
Answer: ruses
Question: What kind of airfields were prepared to stand up to skilled observers? 
Answer: dummy
Question: What was the name given to these dummy airfields?
Answer: Starfish
Question: Two tanks one of oil, one of water fed what kind of fire?
Answer: boiler
Question: What was injected into the fires from time to time to produce a flash?
Answer: water
Question: What did these flashes simulate?
Answer: German C-250 and C-500 Flammbomben
Question: What was the purpose of these fires?
Answer: deceive German bombardiers
Question: The bombing of the Thames Estuary cause how many civilian casualties?
Answer: 1,600
Question: How many were killed in the bombing of the Thames Estuary?
Answer: around 400
Question: How many aircraft did the Luftwaffe lose?
Answer: 41
Question: How many German pilots were killed?
Answer: six
Question: How many Air Fleet 3 attacked that night?
Answer: 247
Question: What was the name of the airfield where heavy raids took place?
Answer: Farnborough
Question: How many Bf 109s were lost?
Answer: 13
Question: FighterCommand lost how many fighters?
Answer: 17
Question: How many pilots did Fighter Command lose?
Answer: six
Question: What caused the delay in the effort?
Answer: weather was poor
Question: On September 15 the Luftwaffe made daylight raids on what target in London?
Answer: Thames Estuary
Question: What two targets were the Luftwaffe trying to destroy?
Answer: docks and rail communications
Question: What was the reason to try and draw the RAF into a battle?
Answer: destroy their fighters in large numbers
Question: What was this air battle called?
Answer: Battle of Britain Day
Question: The Luftwaffe lost what percentage of its bombers sent that day?
Answer: 18
Question: What day did Hitler postponed Operation Sea Lion?
Answer: 17 September
Question: What was the name of the man from the Soviet Union who was doubtful of Operation Sea Lion?
Answer: Joseph Stalin
Question: Who did the Luftwaffe try to lure into battle using its bombers?
Answer: RAF
Question: When did the OKL switch to night raids?
Answer: 7 October
Question: How many people were killed?
Answer: Around 200
Question: Who fired anti-defense rounds?
Answer: General Frederick Alfred Pile
Question: How many rounds of anti-defense were fired?
Answer: 8,326 rounds
Question: How many German bombers were shot down?
Answer: two
Question: How much of the short tons of bombs were dropped during the day?
Answer: 10 percent
Question: What two cities had 500 short tons of bombs dropped on them during the end of October?
Answer: Birmingham and Coventry
Question: Liverpool had how many short tons dropped on it?
Answer: 200
Question: What was targeted with 12 short tons of bombs?
Answer: The Metropolitan-Vickers works in Manchester
Question: Which was targeted more heavily, bomber or fighter command airfields?
Answer: Bomber Command airfields
Question: What was the Luftwaffe's second primary policy?
Answer: to interfere with production in the vast industrial arms factories of the West Midlands
Question: Who was in command of the Luftflotte 2?
Answer: Kesselring
Question: How many sorties a night was Luftflotte 3 doing?
Answer: 250
Question: What did the Fliegerkorps X concentrate on?
Answer: mining operations against shipping
Question: By April of 1941 about how many mines had been dropped?
Answer: 3,984 mines
Question: By mid November of 1940 how many incendiaries were dropped on London?
Answer: 1,000,000
Question: What locations suffered strong diversionary tactics?
Answer: Birmingham, Coventry and Liverpool
Question: In September how many railway hits were there in Great Britain?
Answer: no less than 667
Question: What did the Ministry of Home Security fail to discover?
Answer: the slightest sign of a break in morale
Question: About how many civilians were injured in September and October?
Answer: 20,000
Question: The American observer said what about the damage to London?
Answer: to sum up, was more general and more extensive than I had imagined.
Question: The Battersea Power Station took how many hits in two months?
Answer: one minor hit ("a nick")
Question: How many bridges over the Thames were struck?
Answer: No bridge over the Thames had been hit
Question: What did German pilots use to gain knowledge of an airfield?
Answer: prewar commercial flights.
Question: British night air defenses were effective to what height?
Answer: 12,000 ft (3,700 m)
Question: By July of 1940 how many guns were deployed in Britain?
Answer: only 1,200 heavy and 549 light guns
Question: What was the practical ceiling of the effective heavy guns?
Answer: 25,000 ft (7,600 m)
Question: What type of light gun dealt with aircraft up to 6000 ft.?
Answer: Bofors 40 mm
Question: What is believed to have caused many civilian casualties from anti-aircraft guns?
Answer: falling shell fragments
Question: The British were how far below the establishment of heavy anti-aircraft artillery?
Answer: one-third
Question: Who relied on night fighters?
Answer: Dowding
Question: Who's four squadrons shot down more enemy aircraft than any other type?
Answer: Boulton Paul Defiant
Question: How were AA defenses improved?
Answer: by better use of radar and searchlights
Question: What was considered unreliable?
Answer: Airborne Interception radar
Question: What used most of Fighter Command's resources?
Answer: the Battle of Britain
Question: Gunlaying radar and RAF controls combined to create what system?
Answer: Ground Control-led Interception
Question: How many pilots remained in February 1941?
Answer: 87 pilots
Question: What supported the GL carpet?
Answer: six GCI sets controlling radar-equipped night-fighters
Question: How many number of contacts and combats were there in May?
Answer: 204 and 74