huutuan/long_squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Question: What type of boards end up with limited routing space in through-hole manufacture?
Answer: multi-layer
Question: What force might damage a PCB if large components are surface mounted?
Answer: mechanical stress
Question: What components can be surface mounted to save space?
Answer: small-sized SMD components
Question: A component might not be able to be made any smaller because of its mechanical limitations or what other need?
Answer: power requirements
Question: What will not damage the PCB?
Question: Mechanical signs will damage the what?
Question: What increases the available routing area?
Question: Large-sized SMD components were used when?
Question: When did surface-mount become a commonly used manufacturing process?
Answer: mid-1990s
Question: What did the new components with end tabs replace?
Answer: wire leads
Question: What improvement is possible with surface-mounting that enables higher production and lower labor costs?
Answer: automation
Question: What are SMDs?
Answer: surface mount devices
Question: Is it the chip or the package that influences the price of an SMD more?
Answer: chip
Question: What kind of technology emerged in the 1950s?
Question: What became widely used in the 2090s?
Question: What was redesigned to have small plastic tabs?
Question: What lends itself well to a low degree of automation?
Question: What are more expensive than SMD equivalents?
Question: Along with thickness, what determines the resistance of a trace?
Answer: width
Question: What type of trace is often narrower than a ground trace?
Answer: signal
Question: In a multi-layer board, what metal would a ground plane be mostly made out of?
Answer: copper
Question: What type of circuits use a stripline and microstrip format?
Answer: microwave circuits
Question: What consists of a wide, curved part of copper foil?
Question: What needs to be narrower than signal traces?
Question: For microwave boards, transmission can be laid out how?
Question: What does not remain after etching?
Question: What element of a laminate is designated by the cloth to resin ratio, among other things?
Answer: type designation
Question: What's the name for the measurement of a laminate's change in thickness as its temperature changes?
Answer: Z-axis expansion coefficient
Question: What's the abbreviation for the glass transition temperature of a laminate?
Answer: Tg
Question: What determine's the silver's type designation?
Question: What is not considered an important characteristic?
Question: The Z-axis expansion coagulant is what?
Question: The gain factor is one of the important what?
Question: The shear sector is one of the important what?
Question: What's the common name of polytetrafluoroethylene?
Answer: Teflon
Question: What pre-preg material is designated by "FR-2"?
Answer: phenolic cotton paper
Question: To what type of packaging is thermal expansion particularly critical?
Answer: ball grid array
Question: What material delivers optimum dimensional stability?
Answer: glass fiber
Question: What dielectric is matte glass and polyester?
Answer: FR-6
Question: Thermal closure is an important what?
Question: There is only one dielectric that can be chosen to do what?
Question: FR-A is one of the what?
Question: The ball gasket array (BGA) is an important what?
Question: Along with the non-woven class, what makes up the reinforcement type materials?
Answer: woven
Question: Which is the more expensive reinforcement type?
Answer: non-woven
Question: What type of structure do woven reinforcements have that cause them to have variation in their electrical parameters?
Answer: spatially nonhomogeneous
Question: Which ratio varies because of the structure of woven reinforcements?
Answer: resin/glass
Question: For what kind of applications are non-woven reinforcement materials better than woven ones?
Answer: RF/analog
Question: The reinforcement type defines which two minor classes of materials?
Question: What is less expensive but more suitable for some RF/analog application?
Question: Materials with low or no refinement are called what?
Question: The high diode constant of glass may not be favorable for what?
Question: What's the temperature at which resin softens and expands called?
Answer: glass transition temperature
Question: Along with vias, what makes up the components of a board?
Answer: joints
Question: What will happen to the components when the temperature of resin goes above that of glass transition?
Answer: mechanical overload
Question: When resin stays below Tg, its thermal expansion is similar to that of copper and what other material?
Answer: glass
Question: What do thick boards require to resist plating failure?
Answer: high Tg matrix
Question: The resin in the composite hardens when?
Question: Virtually no volume expansion projects to where?
Question: Thin boards require high what?
Question: Exposition to lower temperatures can cause failure of what?
Question: What will happen to the materials when a board gets wet or is in a humid area?
Answer: Moisture absorption
Question: If materials absorb moisture and then are heated enough to vaporize the water, the board might show delamination or what other type of damage?
Answer: cracking
Question: What percentage absorption do F-4 epoxies have?
Answer: 0.15%
Question: What's the approximate relative dielectric constant of most materials in circuit boards?
Answer: 4
Question: What material has an absorption rate of only 0.01%?
Answer: Teflon
Question: What may also repel water?
Question: Teflon has a high absorption rate of what?
Question: What suffers from low water absorption?
Question: Repelled water can lead to what?
Question: Careful barking of the substrates may be what?
Question: What's the minimum amount of copper a layer in a PCB can have to be considered "heavy copper"?
Answer: three ounces
Question: About how thick would a PCB layer be if it contained three oz. of copper?
Answer: 0.0042 inches
Question: What will a circuit board with heavy copper carry very well?
Answer: current
Question: What would a PCB designer use heavy copper to make their circuit board resist?
Answer: thermal strains
Question: Where does the heat go when it leaves heavy copper-plated vias?
Answer: external heat sinks
Question: The printed circuit board industry defines light copper as what?
Question: PCB designers and fabricators often use light copper when?
Question: What is the standard for determining current-carrying capacity of printed circuit board trees?
Question: IAC 2152 is the standard for what?
Question: What arduous aspect of the process can designers skip in Multiwire?
Answer: routing of wires
Question: What does the machine create by drawing a straight line between two points on the board?
Answer: a connection
Question: Along with quick design times, what problem does Multiwire cut down on?
Answer: crosstalk
Question: What makes Multiwire impractical to use when large quantities of a board are needed?
Answer: cost
Question: In simple language, what are the interconnections in an embedding matrix?
Answer: wires
Question: It was difficult to stack interconnections inside of what?
Question: The machine will draw a wire in a curved line from one location/ to where?
Question: What led to long design times?
Question: What led to increased crosstalk?
Question: What type of construction is best for applications that need to portion space carefully?
Answer: Cordwood
Question: What gets mounted in the middle of two parallel planes in a cordwood construction?
Answer: axial-leaded components
Question: What do insulating cards prevent between interconnection layers?
Answer: shorting
Question: What type of component has to be used in cordwood construction to its detriment?
Answer: nickel-leaded
Question: What force caused the physical damage to components that affected the Apollo program?
Answer: Differential thermal expansion
Question: What does not save significant space?
Question: What was not soldered together?
Question: What was one advantage of this system?
Question: Components located on the exterior are what?
Question: Who was the German inventor who wrote in 1903 about conductors being laminated in layers to a board?
Answer: Albert Hanson
Question: What material did Thomas Edison experiment with by trying to chemically attach conductors to it?
Answer: linen paper
Question: What year did Arthur Berry patent his print-and-etch method?
Answer: 1913
Question: In Max Schoop's method, what was used to create the flame-sprayed pattern on the board?
Answer: a patterned mask
Question: Who obtained a patent in 1927 for his method of electroplating circuit patterns?
Answer: Charles Ducas
Question: development of the methods used in ancient printed circuit boards started when?
Question: Albert Hanson described what in 1913?
Question: Arthur Berry patented what in 1923?
Question: Thomas Edison patented a print-and-etch method in what year?
Question: In Germany Max Schoop obtained a patent to do what?
Question: What was Paul Eisler making when he came up with the printed circuit?
Answer: a radio set
Question: What event prompted the United States to adopt the printed circuit to make proximity fuses?
Answer: World War II
Question: When was the printed circuit released for commercial use in the U.S.?
Answer: 1948
Question: Who was working on the same type of large-scale application of printed circuits as the U.S. in Britain in the mid-1950s?
Answer: Geoffrey Dummer
Question: What process was created by the U.S. Army that led to innovation in consumer electronics?
Answer: Auto-Sembly
Question: The German engineer Paul Eisler invented what?
Question: Paul Eisler invented the printed circuit in Germany in what year?
Question: England began using the technology on a large scale in what year?
Question: In 1958, the USA released the invention for what?
Question: The Auto-Sembly process was developed by England in what year?
Question: What company developed the first electronic circuit that could be mass produced and was durable enough to be fired from a gun?
Answer: Globe Union
Question: What was the plate used for anti-aircraft proximity fuses in World War II made out of?
Answer: ceramic
Question: Who was in charge of the Centralab Division of Globe Union when the PCB used in anti-aircraft fuses was invented?
Answer: Harry W. Rubinstein
Question: What award did Rubinstein win in 1984 for his contributions?
Answer: Cledo Brunetti Award
Question: Where did Harry Rubinstein attend college?
Answer: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Question: During World War I, the development of the anti-aircraft proximity fuse required what?
Question: In 1994, the IEEE awarded whom the Cledo Brunetti Award?
Question: Ms. Harriet W. Rubenstein was the former head of which division?
Question: Mr. Rubenstein was honored in 1994 by which university?
Question: In what year was the Auto-Sembly process created?
Answer: 1949
Question: Although two men developed the Auto-Sembly process, to whom was the patent officially granted?
Answer: U.S. Army
Question: What year was the patent for the Auto-Sembly process granted?
Answer: 1956
Question: Which part of the Auto-Sembly manufacturing process is the most costly?
Answer: drilling holes
Question: Originally, no electronic component had what?
Question: Who developed the Auto-State process in which component leads were inserted into a copper foil?
Question: Soldering could be done manually by passing the board over a ripple, or wave, of molten silver in what?
Question: What is considered not wasteful?
Question: Where are Greek States believed to have been settled ?
Answer: Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea
Question: Which two bodies of water are believed to be central to the establishment of the Greek society ?
Answer: Greek people have always been centered around the Aegean and Ionian seas
Question: When was the emergence of the Greek spoken dialect believed to have started ?
Answer: the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age.
Question: Where have the centers of culture been located for the Grecian world historically ?
Answer: The cultural centers of the Greeks have included Athens, Thessalonica, Alexandria, Smyrna, and Constantinople at various periods.
Question: What other culture did the Greek states share boarders with ?
Answer: these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century
Question: Where have Egyptian colonies been historically established?
Question: What two seas have the Egyptian people always lived close to?
Question: How long has the Egyptian language been spoken?
Question: In what century was the Egyptian empire prominent?
Question: What are two cities associated with the formation of Egyptian culture?
Question: Which two seas have been least central to Greek history?
Question: During which prehistoric age was the Latin language invented?
Question: Which city in modern Turkey was once a minor center of Greek culture?
Question: What tenth century empire had roughly the same extent as ancient Greece's?
Question: Which area of South Africa has hosted Greek communities in the past?
Question:  During which prehistoric age was the Greek language rejected?
Question: Which city in modern Iran was once a major center of Greek culture?
Question: Which area of North Africa has hosted Irish communities in the past?
Question: What twelfth century empire had roughly the same extent as ancient Greece's?
Question: What progression coincided with the the early Greek states that makes it difficult to give credit for the language and differences ? 
Answer: Paleo-Balkan sprachbund that makes it difficult to delineate exact boundaries between individual languages.
Question: What is commonly seen in the Greek language that is not a constant ?
Answer: The characteristically Greek representation of word-initial laryngeals by prothetic vowels
Question: What other language has this same trait ?
Answer: word-initial laryngeals by prothetic vowels is shared, for one, by the Armenian language
Question: What other things do the two languages seem to have in common ?
Answer: phonological and morphological peculiarities of Greek; this has led some linguists to propose a hypothetical closer relationship between Greek and Armenian
Question: How much evidence of the link between the languages is currently available ?
Answer: linguists to propose a hypothetical closer relationship between Greek and Armenian, although evidence remains scant.
Question: What context should the evolution of the Armenian language be viewed within?
Question: What was developed by some linguists that is not a constant?
Question: What other language wasn't used outside of Armenia?
Question: How much evidence is there that Proto-Greek was spoken in Armenia?
Question: What other country could Greeks be found to have settled in?
Question: What progression coincided with the the early Greek states that makes it easy to give credit for the language and differences ?
Question: What is uncommonly seen in the Greek language that is not a constant ?
Question: What other language hasn't this same trait ?
Question: What other things do the two languages not seem to have in common ?
Question: How much evidence of the link between the languages is currently unavailable ?
Question: What progression coincided with the the late Greek states that makes it difficult to give credit for the language and differences ?
Question:  What other language doesn't have this same trait ?
Question:  What other things do the three languages seem to have in common ?
Question: How much evidence of the link between the languages is not currently available ?
Question: What group of people came with others who left the geographical and historical region in southeastern Europe, now a mutual  region between Greece and Albania ?
Answer: the Dorians
Question: When did these groups make the migration ?
Answer: Around 1200 BC
Question: What civilization is the group credited with putting an end to ?
Answer: the Mycenaean civilization,
Question: Is it believed that they truly are responsible in full for the collapse ? 
Answer: it is likely the main attack was made by seafaring raiders (sea peoples)
Question: What areas were being explored by others in  by sea faring vessels and when are they believed to have arrived  ?
Answer: seafaring raiders (sea peoples) who sailed into the eastern Mediterranean around 1180 BC
Question: Where did the Mycenaean's originiate from in 1200 BC?
Question: What civilization did the Mycenaean invastion cause to collapse?
Question: At what time were the Mycenaeans considered raiders that dominated the Mediterranean?
Question: What was the period of time called when the Mycenaeans were considered sea raiders?
Question: What country was most affected by the Mycenaean raids in 800 BC?
Question: What group of people never came with others who left the geographical and historical region in southeastern Europe, now a mutual region between Greece and Albania ?
Question: When didn't these groups make the migration ?
Question: What civilization is the group credited with starting ?
Question: Is it believed that they truly aren't responsible in full for the collapse ?
Question: What areas weren't being explored by others in by sea faring vessels and when are they believed to have arrived ?
Question: What group of people came with others who left the geographical and historical region in southeastern Europe, now a mutual region between England and Albania ?
Question:  When did these groups reject the migration?
Question: What civilization is the group credited with starting?
Question:  Is it believed that they truly aren't responsible in full for the collapse?
Question: What areas were being explored by others in by sea faring vessels and when are they believed to have left?
Question: How did the Greeks look upon their forebears ?
Answer: Greeks of classical antiquity idealized their Mycenaean ancestors
Question: How did they believe their forebears lived ?
Answer: Mycenaean period as a glorious era of heroes, closeness of the gods and material wealth
Question: What literary events were believed to be a fact of truth ?
Answer: The Homeric Epics (i.e. Iliad and Odyssey) were especially and generally accepted as part of the Greek past
Question: Who was the author of these tales ?
Answer: Homer
Question: What were the names of some of the figures for the established religion that are based on ancestral ties ? 
Answer: Zeus, Poseidon and Hades
Question: How did the Mycenaeans view their relationship to the Greeks?
Question: What two epics were written to honor Zeus?
Question: In what century were the Homeric Epics first discovered?
Question: What name is usually associated with the underworld?
Question: What god is the most powerful in the Olympian Panthenon?
Question: How did the Greeks not look upon their forebears ?
Question: How did they believe their forebears died ?
Question: What literary events were believed to be a fact of lies ?
Question: Who wasn't the author of these tales ?
Question: What were the names of some of the figures for the established religion that aren't based on ancestral ties ?
Question: How did the Greeks reject their forebears?
Question:  How did they not believe their forebears lived?
Question:  What literary events were believed to not be a fact of truth?
Question:  Who was the author of these poems?
Question: What were the names of some of the figures for the established religion that aren't based on ancestral ties?
Question: What event is believed to be the ethnic basis of the Greeks society?
Answer: The ethnogenesis of the Greek nation is linked to the development of Pan-Hellenism
Question: When did this event occur ?
Answer: development of Pan-Hellenism in the 8th century BC.
Question: What national sporting event was held during this time period still goes on in celebration today ?
Answer: the foundational event was the Olympic Games in 776 BC,
Question: What was the foundation for spirituality and church ? 
Answer: The works of Homer (i.e. Iliad and Odyssey) and Hesiod (i.e. Theogony)
Question: What famous spiritual guide and God was a devotional temple made to in the 8th century ?
Answer: Oracle of Apollo at Delphi
Question: What event was used to celebrate the birth of Homer in the same year?
Question: What did the city of Delphi cause the development of in 776 BC?
Question: What did the city of Delphi inspire the development of in Greek culture?
Question: In what century was the Odyssey first written in Greek?
Question: In what year was Homer born?
Question: What event isn't believed to be the ethnic basis of the Greeks society?
Question: When didn't this event occur ?
Question: What national sporting event wasn't held during this time period still goes on in celebration today ?
Question: What wasn't the foundation for spirituality and church ?
Question: What famous spiritual guide and God was a devotional temple made to in the 7th century ?
Question: What event is believed to be the ethnic basis of the French society?
Question: When did this event stop?
Question: What national sporting event wasn't held during this time period still goes on in celebration today?
Question: What was the foundation for non-spirituality and non-church?
Question: The time span that is counted as the classical for the Greeks is from eras ?
Answer: classical period of Greek civilization covers a time spanning from the early 5th century BC to the death of Alexander the Great, in 323 BC
Question: Are there some discrepancies among scholars for the distinction of the period ?
Answer: this period into 'Classical', from the end of the Persian wars to the end of the Peloponnesian War, and 'Fourth Century', up to the death of Alexander
Question: What is so well known about this period ?
Answer: It is so named because it set the standards by which Greek civilization would be judged in later eras
Question: What shiny other name is this time also called ?
Answer: The Classical period is also described as the "Golden Age" of Greek civilization
Question: What did the Greeks do that made it possible for the expansion and growth of the opposite of the Eastern Civilization ?
Answer: civilization, and its art, philosophy, architecture and literature would be instrumental in the formation and development of Western culture.
Question: What century marked the formation of Western civilization?
Question: In what was the time period called when Persia was a dominant force in the world?
Question: What year marked the beginning of the Peloponnesian war?
Question: What is well known about the Peloponnesian war?
Question: What culture was influenced by the results of the Peloponnesian war?
Question: The time span that is counted as the non-classical for the Greeks is from eras ?
Question: Are there some discrepancies among students for the distinction of the period ?
Question: What is so unknown about this period ?
Question: What shiny other name is this time not called ?
Question: What did the Greeks do that made it possible for the contraction of the opposite of the Western Civilization ?
Question: The time span that isn't counted as the classical for the Greeks is from eras?
Question: Why aren't there some discrepancies among scholars for the distinction of the period?
Question:  What isn't so well known about this period?
Question:  What dull other name is this time also called?
Question: What Macedonian ruler helped to advance Greek beliefs and ways of life ?
Answer: Alexander
Question: How was this achievement of advancing culture undertaken ?
Answer: provided an important outlet for Greek culture, via the creation of colonies and trade routes along the way
Question: What types of cities did the expansion of the great ruler inspire ?
Answer: Hellenistic cities
Question: Are any relatives of the first people of  the Grecian world still around ?
Answer: there are still communities in Pakistan and Afghanistan, like the Kalash, who claim to be descended from Greek settlers.
Question: Name a city that the Greeks nested in ?
Answer: cities like Alexandria, Antioch and Seleucia.
Question: What Macedonian ruler didn't help to advance Greek beliefs and ways of life?
Question:  How wasn't this achievement of advancing culture undertaken?
Question:  What types of cities didn't the expansion of the great ruler inspire?
Question: Are any relatives of the first people of the Grecian world no longer around?
Question: With the secession away from the smaller communities in the Grecian world, what living situation became of great importance ?
Answer: the Greeks move towards larger cities and a reduction in the importance of the city-state.
Question: The kingdoms of Diadochi was comprised of what ?
Answer: larger cities were parts of the still larger Kingdoms of the Diadochi.
Question: How did the cites remind themselves of their beginnings ?
Answer: Greeks, however, remained aware of their past, chiefly through the study of the works of Homer and the classical authors.
Question: What did the Greeks wants to be imparted to their descendants ?
Answer: the transmission of the Hellenic paideia to the next generation.
Question: What academia was heightened during this time of Hellenism ?
Answer: Greek science, technology and mathematics are generally considered to have reached their peak during the Hellenistic period.
Question: With the secession away from the smaller communities in the Grecian world, what living situation wasn't of great importance?
Question:  The kingdoms of Diadochi wasn't comprised of what?
Question:  How did the cites remind themselves of their end?
Question:  What did the Greeks not want to be imparted to their descendants?
Question:  What academia wasn't heightened during this time of Hellenism?
Question: When did the religions of the past begin to dissipate ?
Answer: decline beginning in the 3rd century BC
Question: What encouraged the change of faith ?
Answer: with the introduction of new religious movements from the East.
Question: What religions form of worship came from the Eastern sects ?
Answer: The cults of deities like Isis and Mithra were introduced into the Greek world.
Question: What group was significant in the expansion of the Christian faith ?
Answer: Hellenized East were instrumental in the spread of early Christianity
Question: What language are the Apostle's namely believed to have spoken ?
Answer: Christianity's early leaders and writers (notably St Paul) were generally Greek-speaking
Question: When did the religions of the past begin to rise?
Question:  What discouraged the change of faith?
Question:  What religions form of worship came from the Western sects?
Question:  What group was significant in the expansion of the Catholic faith?
Question:  What language are the Apostle's namely believed to not have spoken?
Question: What alternative name were the Greeks known by ?
Answer: the Greeks identified as Romaioi ("Romans")
Question: What did the label of  Hellenes come to stand for during the Common Era of Greece ?
Answer: the name ‘Hellenes’ denoted pagans
Question: Did the Roman world consider one ethnocentric lineage to be a great concern ?
Answer: secondary to religious considerations
Question: What imperative value was extolled from the Christian community to the Roman world ?
Answer: Greco-Roman educational system, although it was from Christianity that the culture's essential values were drawn.
Question:  What alternative name weren't the Greeks known by?
Question:  What did the label of Hellenes come to not stand for during the Common Era of Greece?
Question: id the Roman world consider two ethnocentric lineage to be a great concern?
Question: What imperative value was extolled from the Christian community from the Roman world?
Question: When did the Byzantine Kingdom come under the impact of the Greeks. 
Answer: influenced by Greek culture after the 7th century,
Question: Who ruled Rome during this time period ?
Answer: Emperor Heraclius (AD 575 - 641)
Question: What decision did he make that influenced the culture in an attempt to make things more homogeneous ?
Answer: decided to make Greek the empire's official language.
Question: What made the Eastern Empire be known as the Imperium Graecorum ?
Answer: Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne, king of the Franks, as the "Roman Emperor"
Question: Who was favored by those who lived in the west and mainly used another form of well know verbal language ?
Answer: the Latin West started to favour the Franks
Question: When did the Byzantine Kingdom not come under the impact of the Greeks?
Question:  Who didn't rule Rome during this time period?
Question: What decision did he make that influenced the culture in an attempt to make things less homogeneous?
Question:  What made the Eastern Empire be known as the non-Imperium Graecorum?
Question: Who was favored by those who lived in the west and mainly used another form of not well known verbal language?
Question: What caused the resurface of the Grecian monotony in politics ?
Answer: the fall of Constantinople to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade in 1204
Question: When did the nation reestablish itself ?
Answer: empire was revived in 1261
Question: What was the specialty of great Pietho and what is famous for ?
Answer: philosopher Gemistus Pletho, who abandoned Christianity.
Question: What was bolstered by the the final downward spiral of the Empire of Trebizond ?
Answer: interest in the Classical Greek heritage was complemented by a renewed emphasis on Greek Orthodox identity
Question: Which factoring war was on gong in 1828 and shares the of a previous scuttle ? ?
Answer: second Russo-Turkish War
Question: What caused the unsurface of the Grecian monotony in politics?
Question:  When did the nation not reestablish itself?
Question:  What was the specialty of great Pietho and what is it not famous for?
Question: What was bolstered by the the first downward spiral of the Empire of Trebizond?
Question: Which factoring war wasn't ongoing in 1828 and shares the of a previous scuttle?
Question: When did the emperor Constantine  lose rule over in 1453 ?
Answer: Fall of Constantinople on 29 May 1453
Question: What did the populace do in response to the loss ?
Answer: many Greeks sought better employment and education opportunities by leaving for the West
Question: What type of position did Greeks come to hold in the Ottoman Empire ?
Answer: in part to the fact that the central hub of the empire, politically, culturally, and socially, was based on Western Thrace and Greek Macedonia
Question: Who made up the majority of soldiers in the Ottoman Empire ?
Answer: men of Greek origin made up a significant proportion of the Ottoman army, navy
Question: What type of work were must young boys antiquated with in the Ottoman Empire ?
Answer: levied as adolescents (along with especially Albanians and Serbs) into Ottoman service through the devshirme.
Question:  When did the emperor Constantine lose rule over in 1483?
Question:  What did the populace do in response to the win?
Question: What type of position did Greeks come to hold in the non-Ottoman Empire?
Question:  Who made up the majority of soldiers in the non-Ottoman Empire?
Question: What type of work were must young boys non-antiquated with in the Ottoman Empire
Question: How were the population factions of the Ottoman Empire classified ?
Answer: religion was the defining characteristic of national groups
Question: What did it mean to be classified as a Greek by the millet command ?
Answer: was applied by the Ottomans to all members of the Orthodox Church, regardless of their language or ethnic origin.
Question: What moniker did the Greeks grant themselves for distinction ?
Answer: The Greek speakers were the only ethnic group to actually call themselves Romioi
Question: What did the literate segment of Greeks consider to be a part of their ethic lines ?
Answer: those educated, considered their ethnicity (genos) to be Hellenic
Question: Were Christian prized among the Ottomans ?
Answer: second-class status of Christians inherent in the Ottoman millet system
Question: How weren't the population factions of the Ottoman Empire classified
Question:  What did it mean to not be classified as a Greek by the millet command ?
Question:  What moniker did the Greeks grant themselves for distinction?
Question: What did the literate segment of Greeks consider not to be a part of their ethic lines ?
Question: Were Christian prized among the non-Ottomans
Question: What did the Greeks offer to the Ottoman Empire that was a superb benefit ? 
Answer: the Greek tradition of education and commerce
Question: Who held much of the wealth in the Greek society ?
Answer: the wealth of the extensive merchant class
Question: What three cities were imperative for the scholarly and economic exchanges ?
Answer: the three most important centres of Greek learning were situated in Chios, Smyrna and Aivali, all three major centres of Greek commerce
Question: What other area fields were overshadowed by Greek influence ?
Answer: Greek domination of the Christian Orthodox church.
Question: What did the Greeks offer to the Ottoman Empire that wasn't a superb benefit ?
Question:  Who held none of the wealth in the Greek society?
Question: What three cities were not imperative for the scholarly and economic exchanges
Question: What other area fields were not overshadowed by Greek influence?
Question: When was the Greece that we know today officially formed ?
Answer: creation of the Modern Greek state in 1830
Question: When was the original Grecian constitution formed ?
Answer: first Greek constitution of 1822
Question: How did the original  Constitution identify its society members ?
Answer: a Greek was defined as any Christian resident of the Kingdom of Greece
Question: Is this identifying factor for official citizens of Greece still in effect today ?
Answer: clause removed by 1840
Question: What factor was used to expel or include citizens in the  Lausanne Treaty ?
Answer: agreed to use religion as the determinant for ethnic identity for the purposes of population exchange
Question: When was the Greece that we know today unofficially formed?
Question:  When was the original Grecian constitution not formed?
Question:  How did the original Constitution not identify its society members?
Question: Who removed this clause?
Question: What factor was used to expel or include citizens outside of the Lausanne Treaty?
Question: What do Westerners believe it means to belong to the Greek heritage ? 
Answer: Western standards, the term Greeks has traditionally referred to any native speakers of the Greek language, whether Mycenaean, Byzantine or modern Greek.
Question: What do the Grecian Romioi  descendants of the Constantine rule  believe to be true in regards to the status as beneficiaries ?
Answer: considered themselves the political heirs of Rome
Question: What other cultures do the Romioi  clam to be their birthright ?
Answer: deemed themselves the heirs of ancient Greece as well
Question: What is an alternative word used by Greeks to mean those who worship and alternative religion to the mainstreams ?
Answer: Hellene" still meant pagan
Question: What do Easterners believe it means to belong to the Greek heritage
Question: What do the Grecian Romioi descendants of the Constantine rule believe to be false in regards to the status as beneficiaries
Question:  What other cultures do the Romioi clam to not be their birthright
Question: What is an alternative word used by Greeks to mean those who don't worship and alternative religion to the mainstreams
Question: From what era is the Rigas Feraios believed to be a part of ?
Answer: Greek Enlightenment
Question: When was the Greek state of modern times birthed into exsistence ? 
Answer: The modern Greek state was created in 1829,
Question: What did Greeks do that caused  the formation of the new state ?
Answer: the Greeks liberated a part of their historic homelands, Peloponnese, from the Ottoman Empire
Question: What foundation was laid that is the demographics of Modern Greek Enlightenment Era ?
Answer: instrumental in transmitting the ideas of western romantic nationalism and philhellenism, which together with the conception of Hellenism,
Question: From what era is the Rigas Feraios believed to not be a part of?
Question:  When was the Greek state of modern times dead to exsistence?
Question:  What did Greeks do that caused the formation of the old state?
Question: What foundation was laid that is the demographics of Modern Irish Enlightenment Era
Question: What area is given to be the nesting point of a small group of pagans by a infamous philosopher from Greek ?
Answer: Hellenes" (/ˈhɛliːnz/) as a relatively small tribe settled in Thessalic Phthia,
Question: Who is this small group named for ?
Answer: Hellen, the patriarch of Hellenes
Question: From what mystical lineage does this name benefactor ascend from ?
Answer: was son of Pyrrha and Deucalion, who ruled around Phthia, the only survivors after the great deluge.
Question: Is the name more ancient than other group names in the area ?
Answer: The name Hellenes seems to be older and it was probably used by the Greeks with the establishment of the Great Amphictyonic League.
Question: How many orginal founding patrons are there of the Great Amphictyonic League ?
Answer: with twelve founders
Question: What area is given to be the nesting point of a small group of pagans by a very famous philosopher from Greek?
Question:  Who is this small group not named for?
Question:  From what mystical lineage does this name benefactor descend from
Question: How many orginal founding patrons are there of the Great Emphictyonic League
Question: what does the author of the mortal female focused early example hexameter poetry say of the Hellenic protector ?
Answer: Hellen was the son of Deucalion who ruled around Phthia in central Greece.
Question: What caused a name change according to the Chronicles of Parian ?
Answer: the previously called Graikoi were named Hellenes.
Question: Where do modern theorist believe the name of Greek originated from ?
Answer: A modern theory derives the name Greek (Latin Graeci) from Graikos, "inhabitant of Graia/Graea," a town on the coast of Boeotia.
Question: What  is the origins of the term "old woman " ?
Answer: word γραῖα graia "old woman" comes from the PIE root *ǵerh2-/*ǵreh2-, "to grow old" via Proto-Greek *gera-/grau-iu
Question: what does the author of the mortal female focused late example hexameter poetry say of the Hellenic protector?
Question:  What didn't cause a name change according to the Chronicles of Parian
Question: Where do ancient theorist believe the name of Greek originated from
Question:  What is the origins of the term "old man "?
Question: What interchangeable terms did Homer use in his poems for Greeks ?
Answer: Achaeans and Danaans
Question: What is believed to be the derivative of these names ?
Answer: pre-Dorian
Question: What was redefined in the 5th century about the people of these names?
Answer: redefined as contemporary speakers of Aeolic Greek
Question: Where was this origin of this redefinition ?
Answer: spoken mainly in Thessaly, Boeotia and Lesbos
Question: What was the age in 1300 BC named ?
Answer: early Iron age
Question: What interchangeable terms did Homer use in his songs for Greeks?
Question:  What is believed to not be the derivative of these names?
Question: What was redefined in the 4th century about the people of these names?
Question:  What was the age in 1400 BC named?
Question: From where did the basis of the Argos tales originate ?
Answer: Egypt
Question: What did the female descendants of Argos have to accomplish ?
Answer: His daughters Danaides, were forced in Tartarus to carry a jug to fill a bathtub without a bottom
Question: What community did the Denyen live in ?
Answer: Denyen
Question: What country is spoken of in the inscriptions of a country in Northern Africa from 1390-1352 BC ?
Answer: A country Danaja with a city Mukana (propaply: Mycenea) is mentioned in inscriptions from Egypt
Question: In Homer's poems who were the Greeks not at odds with?
Question:  From where did the basis of the Argos tales not originate?
Question:  What did the male descendants of Argos have to accomplish?
Question: What country is spoken of in the inscriptions of a country in Northern Africa from 1390-1352 AD?
Question: What is the easiest connection between the Greeks of old and those of today ?
Answer: most obvious link between modern and ancient Greeks is their language
Question: How log did the age of darkness last for the Greeks ?
Answer: Greek Dark Ages (lasting from the 11th to the 8th century BC)
Question: Who else has a history as long standing as those of the Greeks ?
Answer: continuity of tradition to Chinese alone
Question: When did most of the Eastward sector of the Roman expanse choose to have a rebirth of Greek traditions and appreciations ?
Answer: During the later years of the Eastern Roman Empire
Question: What aspects of the Greek culture have remained steadfast throughout the years ?
Answer: retained their language and alphabet, certain values and cultural traditions, customs, a sense of religious and cultural difference and exclusion
Question: What is the most difficult connection between the Greeks of old and those of today?
Question:  How log did the age of lightness last for the Greeks?
Question:  Who else has a history as long standing as those of the Irish?
Question: When did most of the Westward sector of the Roman expanse choose to have a rebirth of Greek traditions and appreciations?
Question: In the Rupublic of Hellenic who is the ethnic majority and what percentage of the populace do they represent ?
Answer: Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic, where they constitute 93% of the country's population
Question: What's the estimated populace of Greeks on the isle of Cyprus ?
Answer: Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population
Question: Are Greeks in danger of contributing vastly to the problem of population control ?
Answer: Greek populations have not traditionally exhibited high rates of growth
Question: Is the Greek populace on a whole increasing or decreasing in numbers ?
Answer: Greece has shown regular increase since the country's first census in 1828.
Question: Where there any significances that contributed to the increase or decrease in population numbers ?
Answer: influx of 1.5 million Greek refugees after the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey.
Question: In the Republic of Hellenic who is the ethnic majority and what percentage of the populace don't they represent?
Question: What's the estimated populace of Irish on the isle of Cyprus?
Question: How has the population decreased since 1828?
Question: How has the population decreased since 1829?
Question: Which colonial enterprise for land was the Greek Isles a part of 
Answer: British Empire
Question: Who was living on with the Greeks in Cyprus s 1974 ?
Answer: Turkish
Question: Whee these new inhabitants welcomed ?
Answer: Turkish invasion of Cyprus
Question: During the early seventies where did most Cyprus Greeks decide to go ?
Answer: the Middle East
Question: Which colonial enterprise for land was the Greek Isles not a part of?
Question:  Who was living on with the Irish in Cyprus in 1974?
Question: Who invaded Turkey?
Question: During the early eighties where did most Cyprus Greeks decide to go
Question: What other countries boast of a Greek populace ?
Answer: 105,000 (disputed, sources claim higher) people, in Albania. The Greek minority of Turkey
Question: What acts have caused the population of Greeks to be numbered so few in the country who name is reminiscent of a big American holiday?
Answer: 1955 Constantinople Pogrom and other state sponsored violence and discrimination.
Question: How long was there a Greek influence represented in "little" Asia ? 
Answer: the three-thousand-year-old presence of Hellenism in Asia Minor
Question: Are there any Greek who still live in the area around the dark sea in any majority of numbers?
Answer: smaller Greek minorities in the rest of the Balkan countries, the Levant and the Black Sea states,
Question:  What other countries don't boast of a Greek populace?
Question: What year was the Constantine Progom?
Question:  How long was there a Greek influence represented in "little" Africa?
Question: Are there any Greek who still live in the area around the light sea in any majority of numbers?
Question: How many people that are of Greek ascendancy live elsewhere than Greece ?
Answer: total number of Greeks living outside Greece and Cyprus today is a contentious issue
Question: Who provided the contradictory  population numbers for Greeks abroad ?
Answer: World Council of Hellenes Abroad
Question: How many Greeks do they believe would be an accurate number for census numbers ?
Answer: World Council of Hellenes Abroad put the figure at around 7 million worldwide
Question: At what university is this issue of accurate consensus for Greeks living elsewhere being debated an 
Answer: Sorbonne University
Question: Who has presented the contradictory number to the census groups ?
Answer: George Prevelakis of Sorbonne University, the number is closer to just below 5 million
Question: How many people that are of Greek ascendancy live elsewhere than Italy?
Question: Who provided the contradictory population numbers for Irish abroad?
Question: How many Greeks do they believe would be an inaccurate number for census numbers?
Question: Who has presented the contradictory number to the non-census groups ?
Question: What helped to advance the Greek way of life beyond its boarders ?
Answer: the trading and colonizing activities of the Greek tribes and city states spread the Greek culture, religion and language
Question: What other close by countries have been greatly influenced by the Greek way of life ?
Answer: Sicily and southern Italy (also known as Magna Grecia), Spain, the south of France and the Black sea coasts.
Question: How were the rulers of social class picked to be representatives in the now traditionally Arabic speaking part of the world and in Northern Africa ?
Answer: Under Alexander the Great's empire and successor states, Greek and Hellenizing ruling classes were established in the Middle East, India and in Egypt.
Question: What period marked the expansion of Greek thinking and expression ?
Answer: The Hellenistic period
Question:  What helped to advance the Greek way of life inside its boarders?
Question: What other close by countries have been greatly influenced by the French way of life?
Question: How were the rulers of social class picked to be representatives in the now traditionally Arabic speaking part of the world and in Northern America?
Question: What period didn't mark the expansion of Greek thinking and expression?
Question: After freedom was won by the Greeks who was of import to forming the rules  ?
Answer: Greek War of Independence, Greeks of the diaspora were important in establishing the fledgling state
Question: What did they do that contributed to the Greek's success of establishment?
Answer: important in establishing the fledgling state, raising funds and awareness abroad
Question: Who already had contact over a network of countries ready to offer assistance to the Greeks ?
Answer: Greek merchant families already had contacts in other countries
Question: What countries did they settle in ?
Answer: Marseilles in France, Livorno in Italy, Alexandria in Egypt), Russia (Odessa and Saint Petersburg), and Britain (London and Liverpool)
Question: How were these relationships with the other countries most likely established ?
Answer: from where they traded, typically in textiles and grain.
Question: Before freedom was won by the Greeks who was of import to forming the rules?
Question: What did they do that contributed to the French's success of establishment?
Question:  Who already had contact over a network of countries ready to offer assistance to the French?
Question:  What countries did they not settle in?
Question: What is considered the start of the Grecian cultural world ?
Answer: beginning in the Mycenaean civilization
Question: Which devotion of time was heavily influenced by the religious followers of the  Son of God ?
Answer: the Roman and Eastern Roman periods and was profoundly affected by Christianity
Question: In what centennial was the massacre of the Greeks of Ottoman descent ?
Answer: genocide in the 20th century
Question: Was there anything good that could be found from the divergence into exchange ?
Answer: included cultural exchanges and enriched both cultures.
Question: Who was given the merit for the reemergence of the Greek way of life ?
Answer: Diafotismos is credited with revitalizing Greek culture