huutuan/long_squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Question: How were most elevators built before 1939 powered? 
Answer: by elevator operators using a rheostat connected to the motor
Question: A rheostat is the size and shape of what?
Answer: a cake
Question: Where was the rheostat mounted?
Answer: upright or sideways on the cab wall
Question: Where is the elevator motor found?
Answer: at the top of the shaft or beside the bottom of the shaft
Question: Moving the helve forward causes the cab to do what?
Answer: to rise
Question: The more pressure applied to the handle caused what?
Answer: the faster the elevator would move
Question: Why was the handle considered a "dead man switch"?
Answer: if the operator let go of the handle, it would return to its upright position, causing the elevator cab to stop
Question: Eventually safety locks were used to guarantee what?
Answer: that the inner and outer doors were closed before the elevator was allowed to move
Question: What function does a "destination operating panel" feature?
Answer: a passenger registers their floor calls before entering the car
Question: What is one benefit of a "destination operating panel"
Answer: travel time is reduced as the elevator makes fewer stops for individual passengers
Question: What is another benefit of a "destination operating panel"?
Answer: the computer distributes adjacent stops to different cars in the bank
Question: What is the downside to a :destination operating panel"?
Answer: passenger waiting times may be longer as they will not necessarily be allocated the next car to depart
Question: What is one example of a limitation on the system? 
Answer: the system is subject to gaming
Question: What is generally unable to support variations in the number of people for a particular destination?
Answer: The dispatching algorithm
Question: For what reason do people repeatedly push the up/down buttons on a panel?
Answer: people believe this to be an effective way to hurry elevators
Question: Why is this a bad practice?
Answer: this will make the computer think multiple people are waiting and will allocate empty cars to serve this one person
Question: What is one way to implement destination control?
Answer: every user gets an RFID card to identify himself
Question: How does this help the system?
Answer: the system knows every user call and can cancel the first call if the passenger decides to travel to another destination to prevent empty calls
Question: Newer systems know where and how many people are at a location for what reasons?
Answer: either for the purposes of evacuating the building or for security reasons
Question: Generally, up-peak mode takes place during what times of the day?
Answer: most typically in the morning
Question: What are the reasons for up-peak mode early in the day?
Answer: people arrive for work or at the conclusion of a lunch-time period
Question: For what reasons are elevators routed one-by-one?
Answer: when they reach a pre-determined passenger load, or when they have had their doors opened for a certain period of time
Question: Why is a "this car leaving next" sign used?
Answer: to encourage passengers to make maximum use of the available elevator system capacity
Question: How is the special sercice mode enabled?
Answer: by a key switch either inside the elevator itself or on a centralized control panel in the lobby
Question: What is the impact on an elevator set to independant service mode?
Answer: it will no longer respond to hall calls
Question: At what times is Independant service best utilized?
Answer: when transporting large goods or moving groups of people between certain floors
Question: During independant service mode how is a single cab in a hall kept from being used?
Answer: the hall buttons are disabled
Question: Who is authorized to provide inspection and/or maintenance of the elevator?
Answer: qualified elevator mechanics
Question: What is the purpose of the Inspection service? 
Answer: to provide access to the hoistway and car top for inspection and maintenance
Question: What action initiates it's activation?
Answer: a key switch on the car operating panel usually labeled 'Inspection', 'Car Top', 'Access Enable' or 'HWENAB
Question: WWhat's the first thing to happen when the switch is activated?
Answer: the elevator will come to a stop if moving
Question: Once activatated, what is the only way to deactivate it?
Answer: The elevator can now only be moved by the corresponding 'Access' key switches
Question: What initiates Phase one mode?
Answer: a corresponding smoke sensor or heat sensor in the building
Question: What happens when an elevator goes into Phase one mode?
Answer: The elevator will wait an amount of time, then proceed to go into nudging mode to tell everyone the elevator is leaving the floor
Question: Where does the elevator go from there?
Answer: the elevator will go to the fire-recall floor
Question: What happens if the mode is activated on the fire-recall floor?
Answer: the elevator will have an alternate floor to recall to
Question: How is the elevator enabled for service after the incident?
Answer: The only way to return the elevator to normal service is to switch it to bypass after the alarms have reset
Question: How is the Phase-two mode enabled?
Answer: Phase-two mode can only be activated by a key switch located inside the elevator on the centralized control panel
Question: What is the purpose of the Phase-two mode?
Answer: This mode was created for firefighters so that they may rescue people from a burning building
Question: Where is the Phase-two key switch to be found?
Answer: on the COP
Question: What does Phase-two do?
Answer: enables the car to move
Question: What actions must a firefighter take to activate Phase-two mode?
Answer: manually pushes and holds the door close button
Question: Upon arriving at the desinated floor, what does the elevator do?
Answer: it will park with its doors open and the car buttons will be disabled to prevent a passenger from taking control of the elevator
Question: What steps do medical personnel take at that point?
Answer: Medical personnel must then activate the code-blue key switch inside the car, select their floor and close the doors with the door close button
Question: Where then does the elevator go?
Answer: The elevator will then travel non-stop to the selected floor
Question: Once it arrives what does the elevator do
Answer: will remain in code-blue service until switched off in the car
Question: What does the hold feature do?
Answer: allows the elevator to remain at a floor locked out of service until code blue is deactivated
Question: What sequence of events happens when the power shuts off in a traction elevator and the elevators all stop?
Answer: One by one, each car in the group will return to the lobby floor, open its doors and shut down
Question: What do any passengers experience at this point?
Answer: People in the remaining elevators may see an indicator light or hear a voice announcement informing them that the elevator will return to the lobby shortly
Question: After all cars go to the lobby, what is the next step?
Answer: the system will then automatically select one or more cars to be used for normal operations and these cars will return to service
Question: How are the selected cars then readied for passengers? 
Answer: The car(s) selected to run under emergency power can be manually overridden by a key or strip switch in the lobby
Question: What is a safety feature to prevent entrapment?
Answer: when the system detects that it is running low on power, it will bring the running cars to the lobby or nearest floor, open the doors and shut down
Question: How do hydraulic elevators work in emergencies?
Answer: emergency power will lower the elevators to the lowest landing and open the doors to allow passengers to exit
Question: Once the passengers have exited, what happens?
Answer: The doors then close after an adjustable time period and the car remains unusable until reset, usually by cycling the elevator main power switch
Question: For what reason are hydraulic elevators not powered by the standard emergency system?
Answer: due to the high current draw when starting the pump motor
Question: What are current-limiting motor starters referred to as?
Answer: "soft-start" contactors
Question: What types of elevator hold the highest safety record?
Answer: cable-borne elevators
Question: In the late nineties, what was considered the rate of cable-borne elevator problems? 
Answer: eight millionths of one percent (1 in 12 million) of elevator rides
Question: What was the severity of the majority of elevator failures recorded?
Answer: minor things such as the doors failing to open
Question: What is an example of a maintenance-related elevator death?
Answer: technicians leaning too far into the shaft or getting caught between moving parts
Question: Before the Twin Towers attack in 2001 , what was the only reported freefall accident attributed to a modern cable-borne elevator?
Answer: 1945 when a B-25 bomber struck the Empire State Building
Question: Underground electrolytic malfunctions in hydraulic elevators can result in the destruction of what? 
Answer: the cylinder and bulkhead
Question: What Elevator Safety Code change required a second dished bulkhead? 
Answer: 1972 ASME A17.1
Question: Before the code change was enacted what was the only permitted hydraulic cylinder type?
Answer: single-bottom
Question: Once the cylinder is breached, what calamity does the loss of fluid cause?
Answer: uncontrolled down movement of the elevator
Question: What testing does the code require?
Answer: periodic testing of the pressure capability
Question: What type of testing is done to the an area of the cable?
Answer: destructive testing
Question: What is  the first step in destructive testing?
Answer: The ends of the segment are frayed, then set in conical zinc molds
Question: Afterwards, what type of machine is the segment secured in?
Answer: hydraulic stretching machine
Question: What types of information are collected in the process?
Answer: Data about elasticity, load, and other factors is compiled
Question: What capacities are passenger elevators availablee in?
Answer: from 500 to 2,700 kg (1,000–6,000 lb) in 230 kg (500 lb) increments
Question: What types of passenger elevators are installed in structures of up to eight floors?
Answer: hydraulic or electric
Question: Hydraulic elevators can reach speeds up to 1m/s or how many feet per minute?
Answer: 200
Question: Electric elevators can reach speeds up to 3 m/s or how many feet per minute?
Answer: 500
Question: Passenger elevators, used in city transport share similarities to what other ascending and descending vehicles counterbalancing each other?    
Answer: funiculars
Question: What type of public elevator in Yalta, Ukraine, transport passengers from a hill above the Black Sea to a tunnel down on the beach?
Answer: underground public elevator
Question: The elevator located at the Casco Viejo station in the Bilbao Metro is also used for what?
Answer: city transportation
Question: How is that set up?
Answer: ticket barriers are set up in such a way that passengers can pay to reach the elevator from the entrance in the lower city, or vice versa
Question: What type of notice is required to be visible in most freight elevators?
Answer: a written notice in the car that the use by passengers is prohibited
Question: Some freight elevators allow transport of both freight and passengers by using what?
Answer: an inconspicuous riser
Question: How do freight elevators differ from passenger elevators?
Answer: Freight elevators are typically larger and capable of carrying heavier loads than a passenger elevator
Question: What type of elevator is better suited for carrying freight?
Answer: electric elevators
Question: How many hydraulic elevators are there at Radio City Music Hall?
Answer: four
Question: What is an orchestra lift used for?
Answer: to raise an entire orchestra, or an entire cast of performers (including live elephants) up to stage level from below
Question: What is on the background of the image which can be used as a scale to represent the size of the mechanism?
Answer: a barrel
Question: What type of elevators are generally less costly than full commercial elevators?
Answer: residential
Question: What type of doors do commercial elevators use?
Answer: metal sliding
Question: What safety mechanisms are still required, despite lower design costs?
Answer: locks on shaft access doors, fall arrestors, and emergency phones
Question: What type of elevator has a hinged wooden shaft-access door?
Answer: residential
Question: What types of elevators occassionaly do not use a traditional elevator shaft, machine room or hoistway?
Answer: residential
Question: What benefits does this serve?
Answer: allows an elevator to be installed where a traditional elevator may not fit, and simplifies installation
Question: In what year were Machine-room-less elevators first allowed?
Answer: 2007
Question: This decision reflected a revision of what?
Answer: the ASME A17.1
Question: What are small freight elevators used for things such as food, called?
Answer: Dumbwaiters
Question: What rooms are dumbwaiters frequently used in?
Answer: They often connect kitchens to rooms on other floors
Question: What is a safety feature found in passenger elevators they generally do not have?
Answer: various ropes for redundancy
Question: What is the height restriction on dumbwaiters?
Answer: they can be up to 1 meter (3 ft.) tall
Question: What features do they have that mimic passenger elevators?
Answer: calling, door control, floor selection
Question: An inclined plane with a conveyor belt describes what type of elevator?
Answer: Material transport elevators
Question: What do the partians do on the conveyor?
Answer: ensure that the material moves forward
Question: What industries are these types of elevators generally used in?
Answer: industrial and agricultural applications
Question: What are spiral screws used for?
Answer: to elevate grain for storage in large vertical silos
Question: What type of elevators are used for loading loose materials into bulk carriers?
Answer: Belt elevators
Question: The invention of elevators brought with it questions of social etiquette and formalities, generally referred to as what?
Answer: social protocols
Question: The last tsar of Russia, Nicholas ll encountered his first elevator at the Hotel Adloin in what city?
Answer: Berlin
Question: This caused a stir in deciding who should enter first and who should do what?
Answer: press the buttons
Question: Andreas Bernard wrote about the social aspects of the new elevators in what book?
Answer: Lifted: A Cultural History of the Elevator
Question: Modern elevator position or floor indicaters often use what type of bulbs?
Answer: LED
Question: What type of lanterns are used outside elevators as well as inside most cabs?
Answer: direction lanterns
Question: What do floor indicaters often consist of?
Answer: successively illuminated floor indications or LCDs
Question: What generally indicates the arrival of the elevator at a new floor?
Answer: a sound
Question: What is the main function of direction lanterns?
Answer: to help people decide whether or not to get on the elevator
Question: What might change your mind about whether or not to enter an elevator?
Answer: If somebody waiting for the elevator wants to go up, but a car comes first that indicates that it is going down
Question: What type of etching might you see on a direction indicator?
Answer: arrows or shaped like arrows
Question: Some elevators may use the color convention for only what purpose?
Answer: to differentiate between directions
Question: New technologies aim to provide a better elevator experience to passengers who suffer from what?
Answer: claustrophobia, anthropophobia or social anxiety
Question: What Israeli company uses motion sensors to display information on a screen embedded in the wall of the cabs?
Answer: DigiGage
Question: LiftEye uses virtual window technology for what?
Answer: to turn common elevator into panoramic
Question: How does it produce the panoramic effects?
Answer: It creates 3d video panorama using live feed from cameras placed vertically along the facade and synchronizes it with cab movement
Question: Where is the video projected?
Answer: on a wall-sized screens
Question: In what neighboring countries are passenger elevators required to adhere to Standard A17.1?
Answer: most US and Canadian jurisdictions
Question:  What is Standard A17.1?
Answer: Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators
Question: What is the equivilent to the US Standard A17.1 called in Canada?
Answer: CAN/CSA B44 Safety Standard
Question: What are passenger elevators tested with?
Answer: ASME A17.2 Standard
Question: Whose name is on the permit required for operation of an elevator? 
Answer: the building owner
Question: Do all jurisdictions require the permit to be displayed in the elevator?
Answer: some jurisdictions require the permit to be displayed in the elevator cab, other jurisdictions allow for the operating permit to be kept on file elsewhere
Question: Aside from the elevator, where else might a permit be displayed?
Answer: the maintenance office
Question: What type of notice can be displayed in the elevator in lieu of the permit?
Answer: a notice is posted in its place informing riders of where the actual permits are kept.
Question: In 2008, what country had the largest number of elevators?
Answer: Spain
Question: How many elevators had China installed since 1949?
Answer: 610,000
Question: What country boasts the worlds largest market for elevators?
Answer: Italy
Question: How many elevators are in Brazil?
Answer: 300,000
Question: What type of elevators are used in the Taipei 101 office tower?
Answer: Double deck elevators
Question: During what hours is the lower deck turned off?
Answer: low-volume hours
Question: During the low volume hours, what can the upper deck function as?
Answer: a single-level elevator stopping at all adjacent floors
Question: On what floor must restaurant customers clear their reservations?
Answer: at the reception counter on the 2nd floor
Question: What levels make up the "sky lobby"?
Answer: 36 and 60, upper-deck car
Question: How fast do the observation deck elevators travel?
Answer: 1,010 metres per minute (61 km/h) in 16 seconds
Question: This speed holds what record?
Answer: world-record certified speed
Question: What does cabin pressure control do? 
Answer: help passengers adapt smoothly to pressure changes
Question: How fast does the elevator drop down?
Answer: 600 meters per minute
Question: At what floor do the doors open on the way down?
Answer: 52nd
Question: What is the name of the elevator attraction at the Disney World parks across the world?
Answer: The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror
Question: What is the main feature of this attraction?
Answer: a simulated free-fall achieved through the use of a high-speed elevator system
Question: Do ride goers stand or sit?
Answer: passengers are seated and secured in their seats rather than standing
Question: What unique feature does this ride provide guests?
Answer: downward acceleration greater than that of normal gravity
Question: What type of motor is used?
Answer: high-speed drive motor
Question: What type of vehicles are the passenger cabs?
Answer: automated guided vehicles or AGVs
Question: What action do the cabs take before the elevator begins to move?
Answer: move into the vertical motion shaft and lock themselves in
Question: What is special about the doorways of the top floors?
Answer: The doorways of the top few "floors" of the attraction are open to the outdoor environment
Question: What does this allow riders to do at the top?
Answer: look out from the top of the structure
Question: What are the 67th, 69th, and 70th floors of the GE Building at Rockerfeller Center nicknamed?
Answer: "Top of the Rock"
Question: What do these floors serve as?
Answer: observation decks
Question: What type of elevator is featured?
Answer: high-speed glass-top
Question: How long is the short trip?
Answer: about 60 seconds
Question: The special effects include blue light, music playing and what else?
Answer: various animations are also displayed on the ceiling
Question:  The Haunted Mansion at Disneyland in California and the one in Paris, France sharewhat attribute?
Answer: takes place on an elevator
Question: What is the name of area that is really an elevator?
Answer: The "stretching room"
Question: What is included in the elevator's design?
Answer: The elevator has no ceiling and its shaft is decorated to look like walls of a mansion
Question: What is the illusion given by these effects?
Answer: the illusion of the room stretching
Question: How much more dense is Neptune compared to Earth?
Answer: 17 times
Question: What is Neptune named after?
Answer: Roman god of the sea
Question: What does the astronomical sign of Neptune represent?
Answer: god Neptune's trident
Question: How many Earth years does Neptune orbit the sun? 
Answer: 164.8 years
Question: What is the third largest planet by diameter
Question: What is the eighth planet from the earth?
Question: What is neptune the least dense of?
Question: What is neptune 17 times smaller than?
Question: What Greek god was neptune named for?
Question: What planet is Neptune's opposite?
Question:  How much lighter is Neptune compared to Earth?
Question:  What does the astronomical sign of Uranus represent?
Question: Who discovered Neptune? 
Answer: Alexis Bouvard
Question: When was Neptune first observed? 
Answer: 23 September 1846
Question: What is Neptune's largest moon? 
Answer: Triton
Question: What flew by Neptune in 1989? 
Answer: Voyager 2
Question: What is the only planet in the solar system found by empirical observation?
Question: What led Bouvard to deduce Neptune was subject to gravitational perturbation of an unknown planet?
Question: Who discovered Uranus?
Question: Who observed neptune with a telescope in the 18th century?
Question: When did Voyager 1 fligh by neptune?
Question: How was Neptune missed before it was found?
Question:  Who didn't discover Neptune?
Question:  When was Neptune last observed?
Question:  What is Neptune's smallest moon?
Question:  What flew by Neptune in 1988?
Question: What is Neptune's atmosphere primarily composed of? 
Answer: hydrogen and helium
Question: What is the interior of Neptune composed of? 
Answer: ices and rock
Question: What makes Neptune blue? 
Answer: methane
Question: What "ices" makes up Neptune? 
Answer: water, ammonia, and methane
Question: What other 2 gas Giants is Neptune similar to?
Question: What gas besides oxygen makes up the atmosphere of Neptune?
Question: what color does helium make neptune?
Question:  Which planet is compositionally different than Neptune?
Question:  What is Neptune's atmosphere never composed of?
Question:  What is the exterior of Neptune composed of?
Question:  What makes Neptune red?
Question:  What "rain" makes up Neptune?
Question: What weather did Voyager 2 observe on Neptune? 
Answer: Great Dark Spot
Question: What weather feature does Neptune have stronger than any other planet? 
Answer: sustained winds
Question: What were the wind speeds recorded on Neptune? 
Answer: 2,100 kilometres per hour
Question: What is the cloud tops on Neptune temperature? 
Answer: 55 K (−218 °C).
Question: What is Neptune's planet center temperature? 
Answer: 5,400 K (5,100 °C)
Question: What observed a hazy featureless atmosphere on Neptune
Question: When was the Great Red spot discovered on Jupiter
Question: What speed are the winds on Uranus?
Question: What weather feature is weakest on Neptune?
Question: What did Voyager 1 detect around Neptune in 1960
Question: What weather did Voyager 3 observe on Neptune?
Question: What weather feature does Neptune have weaker than any other planet?
Question:  What were the rain speeds recorded on Neptune?
Question:  What is the cloud bottoms on Neptune temperature?
Question:  What is Neptune's planet surface temperature?
Question: What was Neptune mistaken for at first? 
Answer: a fixed star
Question: What happens when Neptune goes retrograde? 
Answer: Earth's orbit takes it past an outer planet
Question: What date was Neptune drawn first? 
Answer: 28 December 1612
Question: Who recently researched the original observation of Neptune? 
Answer: David Jamieson
Question: Who first recorded observations of Neptune in the 16th century?
Question: Who mistook Neptune for Jupiter?
Question: When was Galileo credited with discovering Neptune?
Question: Who proved that the the star Galileo observed was fixed?
Question: What planet did Galileo observe at the end of its retrograde cycle?
Question:  Who wrote about Neptune after observing it with a telescope?
Question: What was Jupiter mistaken for at first?
Question:  What doesn't happen when Neptune goes retrograde?
Question: What date was Neptune talked about first?
Question:  Who first researched the original observation of Neptune?
Question: What year did Alexis Bouvard publish relevant astronomical tables? 
Answer: 1821
Question: What did Alexis Bouvard study? 
Answer: the orbit of Neptune's neighbour Uranus
Question: When did John Couch Adams begin working on the orbit of Uranus? 
Answer: 1843
Question: Who gave John Couch Adams extra data? 
Answer: Sir George Airy
Question: What did the extra data John Couch Adams received produce? 
Answer: several different estimates of a new planet
Question: What did Alexis Bouvard publish in the 18th century?
Question: Who published astronomical tables of Neptunes orbit?
Question: Who gave Sir George  Airy extra data?
Question: What did Sir George Airy produce with the extra data?
Question: What happened in 1831?
Question:  What did Alexis Bouvard teach?
Question: When did John Couch Adams begin working on the orbit of Neptune?
Question:  Who took away John Couch Adams' data?
Question: What happened in February 1855?
Question: What did Henrich d'Arrest seek to find? 
Answer: the displacement characteristic of a planet
Question: When did Galle discover Neptune? 
Answer: 23 September 1846
Question: How many degrees off was Adams' prediction?
Answer: 12°
Question: What was Challis looking for when he saw Neptune the first two times? 
Answer: comet observations
Question: Who urged Le Verrier to search with the observatory refractor?
Question: What did Galle suggest to Heinrich d'Arrest?
Question: Who discovered Nepptune in the 18th century?
Question: What was within 10 degrees of where Le Verrier predicted it would be?
Question: When was Le Verrier born?
Question: When did Le Verrier die?
Question:  What didn't Henrich d'Arrest seek to find?
Question: What was 15 degrees away?
Question: What was Challis looking for when he saw Uranus the first two times?
Question: What two countries argued over credit for the discovery of Neptune? 
Answer: French and the British
Question: Who ultimately deserved credit for the discovery of Neptune? 
Answer: Le Verrier and Adams
Question: Who questioned Adams's claim to co-discovery of Neptune? 
Answer: Dennis Rawlins
Question: Who did not deserve credit to co-discovery of Neptune? 
Answer: Adams
Question: Who predicted Neptune's place and convinced astronomer's to search for it? 
Answer: Le Verrier
Question: What two countries developed friendship after the discovery of Neptune?
Question: Who credited Britian with the discovery of Neptune?
Question: Who questioned the credibility of Adam's claim in the 19th century?
Question: What papers were written in 1998?
Question: Who determinded that Adam's was solely reponsible for the discovery of Neptune?
Question: What three countries argued over credit for the discovery of Neptune?
Question:  Who ultimately lost credit for the discovery of Neptune?
Question:  Who believed Adams's claim to co-discovery of Neptune?
Question:  Who bought the credit to co-discovery of Neptune?
Question: What did the discoverer want to name Neptune first? 
Answer: Le Verrier
Question: What country approved Neptune's first name? 
Answer: France
Question: What first introduced Neptune and Uranus's names? 
Answer: French almanacs
Question: Who did not approve of the first name for Neptune? 
Answer: French Bureau des Longitudes
Question: What name was opposed by the french?
Question: What name did the French Bureau des Longitudes approve?
Question: What did Le Verrier want to name Uranus?
Question: Who refused the right to name Neptune?
Question:  What did the discoverer want to name Uranus first?
Question:  What country disapproved Neptune's first name?
Question:  What first introduced Jupiter and Uranus's names?
Question: What is the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean translations for Neptune? 
Answer: sea king star
Question: What god was Neptune? 
Answer: god of the sea
Question: What is the Mongolian name for Neptune? 
Answer: Dalain Van
Question: What did the Greeks call Neptune? 
Answer: Poseidon
Question: What was the Biblical sea monster that Neptune is named in Hebrew? 
Answer: Rahab
Question: What does the Japanese name Reha mean?
Question: Whaqt book of the Bible does the name Neptune come from?
Question: Who is the Mongolian rain god?
Question: What did ancient greeks call Neptune?
Question: What is the French translation for Neptune?
Question:  What god was Jupiter?
Question: What is the English name for Neptune?
Question: What did the Irish call Neptune?
Question: What was the Biblical land monster that Neptune is named in Hebrew?
Question: What was Neptune before Pluto was discovered? 
Answer: farthest known planet
Question: What period was Pluto closer to the sun than Neptune? 
Answer: between 1979 and 1999
Question: What discovery made astronomer's debate Pluto's status as a planet? 
Answer: the Kuiper belt
Question: What year did the International Astronomical Union define the word planet? 
Answer: 2006
Question: Now that Pluto isn't a planet, what is Neptune known for in our solar system? 
Answer: the outermost known planet
Question: What was the furthest know planet until 1846?
Question: What planet was discovered before neptune?
Question: What body was not considered a planet when it was discovered?
Question: What was Jupiter before Pluto was discovered?
Question:  What period was Jupiter closer to the sun than Neptune?
Question: What discovery made astronomer's debate Neptune's status as a planet?
Question: What year did the International Astronomical Union define the word star?
Question: Now that Pluto isn't a planet, what is Uranus known for in our solar system?
Question: What is Neptune's mass? 
Answer: 1.0243×1026 kg
Question: How much more mass does Neptune have compared to Earth? 
Answer: 17 times
Question: What is Neptune's gravity at 1 bar? 
Answer: 11.15 m/s2
Question: What is Neptune's equatorial radius? 
Answer: 24,764 km
Question: What is Neptune referred to due to it's size and concentration of volatiles? 
Answer: ice giant
Question: What planet is larger than the Gas Giants?
Question: What planet is 17 times smaller than the earth?
Question: What is the equatoral radius of Earth?
Question: What two planets are less volitile than Jupiter and Saturn?
Question: What is Neptune's weight?
Question:  How much less mass does Neptune have compared to Earth?
Question:  What is Neptune's gravity at 41 bar?
Question:  What is Uranus' equatorial radius?
Question: What is Neptune referred to due to it's heat and concentration of volatiles?
Question: What is Neptune's mantle rich in? 
Answer: water, ammonia and methane
Question: What is the hot, dense fluid in Neptune referred to as? 
Answer: icy
Question: What does the fluid in Neptune have a high conductivity of? 
Answer: electrical
Question: How deep does Neptune's water-ammonia ocean go? 
Answer: 7000 km
Question: What rains on Neptune? 
Answer: diamond crystals
Question: Who's mantle is 10 to 15 times greater than Neptunes?
Question: What is the cold dense liqued on Neptune called?
Question: What substance on Neptune inhibits electricity?
Question: What kind of crystal forms 7000 km above the surface of neoptune?
Question: who suggested Neptunes mantle is solid carbon?
Question:  What does Neptune's mantle lack?
Question: What is the cold, dense fluid in Neptune referred to as?
Question: What does the fluid in Uranus have a high conductivity of?
Question:  How deep does Neptune's oxygen ocean go?
Question:  What rises on Neptune?
Question: What is Neptune's atmosphere made of? 
Answer: 80% hydrogen and 19% helium
Question: Where are absorption bands of methane on Neptune? 
Answer: wavelengths above 600 nm
Question: What gives Neptune it's blue hue? 
Answer: absorption of red light by the atmospheric methane
Question: What planet also gets it's color from atmospheric constituent? 
Answer: Uranus
Question: What color is Uranus, compared to Neptune? 
Answer: cyan
Question: What is Neptune's atmosphere never made of?
Question:  Where are absorption bands of oxygen on Neptune?
Question:  What gives Neptune it's red hue?
Question:  What planet doesn't get it's color from atmospheric constituent?
Question:  What color is Jupiter, compared to Neptune?
Question: Which clouds on Neptune are suitable for methane to condense?  
Answer: upper-level
Question: What clouds form between one and five bars on Neptune? 
Answer: ammonia and hydrogen sulfide
Question: On Neptune, what do clouds above five bars consist of? 
Answer: ammonia, ammonium sulfide, hydrogen sulfide and water
Question: What is the temperature on Neptune's clouds that are at 50 bars? 
Answer: 273 K (0 °C)
Question:  What is Neptune's rain competition variants dependent on?
Question:  Which clouds on Neptune are suitable for methane to expand?
Question:  What clouds form between one and six bars on Neptune?
Question:  On Neptune, what do clouds above six bars consist of?
Question: What is the temperature on Neptune's clouds that are at 500 bars?
Question: On Neptune, which clouds cast shadows on the cloud deck below it? 
Answer: High-altitude clouds
Question: What are the widths of the cloud bands on Neptune? 
Answer: 50–150 km
Question: Where are the high altitude bands of clouds on Neptune? 
Answer: 50–110 km above the cloud deck.
Question: Where on Neptune does weather not occur? 
Answer: higher stratosphere or thermosphere
Question: What does Neptune have more of compared to Uranus? 
Answer: volume of ocean
Question: On Uranus, which clouds cast shadows on the cloud deck below it?
Question:  What are the lengths of the cloud bands on Neptune?
Question:  Where are the low altitude bands of clouds on Neptune?
Question:  Where on Neptune does weather always occur?
Question:  What does Neptune have less of compared to Uranus?
Question: What would interact with Neptune's magnetic field to make it warm?
Answer: atmospheric interaction with ions
Question: Where would gravity waves in Neptune's interior dissipate? 
Answer: in the atmosphere
Question: What does Neptune's thermosphere containers traces of? 
Answer: carbon dioxide and water
Question: What is Uranus's temperature in the thermosphere?
Question: What would interact with Neptune's magnetic field to make it cold?
Question: Where would gravity waves in Neptune's interior appear?
Question:  What does Neptune's thermosphere never contain traces of?
Question: What is the rotational axis of Neptune's magnetic field? 
Answer: 47°
Question: Where is Neptune's magnetic field offset from the physical centre? 
Answer: 0.55 radii
Question: What planet besides Neptune has a sideways rotation? 
Answer: Uranus's
Question: What might cause Neptune's extreme orientation? 
Answer: flows in the planets' interiors
Question: What fluids are in Neptune's interior? 
Answer: ammonia, methane and water
Question: What is the rotational axis of Uranus's magnetic field?
Question:  Where is Neptune's magnetic field offset from the outside?
Question:  What planet besides Jupiter has a sideways rotation?
Question:  What definitely doesn't cause Neptune's extreme orientation?
Question:  What fluids aren't in Neptune's interior?
Question: What is Neptune's dipole magnetic moment? 
Answer: 2.2 × 1017 T·m3
Question: What is one of Neptune's non-dipolar component what may exceed the dipole moment in strength? 
Answer: strong quadrupole moment
Question: Which three planets have small quadrupole moments compared to Neptune?
Answer: Earth, Jupiter and Saturn
Question: Besides the geometrical constraints of Neptune's dynamo generator, what is another result of the quadrupole moment?
Answer: the planet's centre
Question: What is the dipole component of the magnetic field at the magnetic equator of neptune?
Answer: 14 microteslas (0.14 G)
Question: What is Jupiter's dipole magnetic moment?
Question: What is one of Neptune's non-dipolar component what may exceed the dipole moment in weakness?
Question:  What is the fourth planet to have small quadrupole moments compared to Neptune?
Question:  What is the dipole component of the magnetic field at the magnetic equator of Uranus?
Question: Besides the geometrical constraints of Neptune's dynamo generator, what is another reason of the quadrupole moment?
Question: What might Neptune's rings consist of?
Answer: ice particles
Question: What might the ice particles of Neptune's rings be coated with?
Answer: silicates or carbon-based material
Question: Where is Adams ring from the center of Neptune?
Answer: 63,000 km
Question: Where is the La Verrier ring from the center of Neptune?
Answer: 53,000 km
Question: What system, like Jupiter, does Neptune have?
Question:  What doesn't Neptune's rings consist of?
Question:  What isn't the ice particles of Neptune's rings coated with?
Question: Where is Johns ring from the center of Neptune?
Question:  Where is the Walter ring from the center of Neptune?
Question: What does Neptune's wind speeds reach? 
Answer: 600 m/s (2,200 km/h; 1,300 mph)
Question: What is the high wind speed on Neptune's cloud tops?
Answer: 400 m/s
Question: Which direction does Neptune's winds move relevant to the plant's rotation?
Answer: opposite
Question: What is the effect called that describes the flow direction on Neptune? 
Answer: skin effect
Question: What calm weather does Neptune have?
Question:  What are the slowest Neptune's wind speeds?
Question:  What is the low wind speed on Neptune's cloud tops?
Question: Which direction does Neptune's rain move relevant to the plant's rotation?
Question: What is the effect called that describes the flow direction on Jupiter?
Question: How much warmer is Neptune's south pole to the rest of it's atmosphere? 
Answer: 10 K
Question: What is the average temperature of Neptune's south pole? 
Answer: 73 K (−200 °C).
Question: Where does methane in the south pole escape to on Neptune? 
Answer: the stratosphere near the pole.
Question: How many earth years is Neptune's south pole exposed to the sun?
Answer: 40
Question: To which pole will Neptune's methane shift to as it moves to the opposite side of the sun?
Answer: north pole
Question: How much colder is Neptune's south pole to the rest of it's atmosphere?
Question:  What is the average temperature of Neptune's north pole?
Question:  Where does methane in the north pole escape to on Neptune?
Question:  How many mars years is Neptune's south pole exposed to the sun?
Question: To which pole will Neptune's methane shift to as it moves to the same side of the sun?
Question: What white cloud group on Neptune is farther south than the dark great spot?
Answer: The Scooter
Question: When was The Scooter on Neptune observed?
Answer: 1989
Question: What type of storm is The Scooter on Neptune? 
Answer: southern cyclonic storm
Question: What detected the storms on Neptune? 
Answer: Voyager 2)
Question: What is the second most intense storm on Neptune? 
Answer: The Small Dark Spot
Question: What dark cloud group on Neptune is farther south than the light great spot?
Question:  When was The Pooter on Neptune observed?
Question:  What type of storm is The Pooter on Neptune?
Question:  What didn't detect the storms on Neptune?
Question:  What is the third most intense storm on Neptune?
Question: What do Neptune's dark spots appear as in the cloud decks? 
Answer: holes
Question: Since Neptune's dark spots persist for several months, what are they thought to be?
Answer: vortex structures
Question: What on Neptune are associated with dark spots that are brighter?
Answer: methane clouds
Question: When Neptune's dark spots migrate too close to the equator, what do they do?
Answer: dissipate
Question: Where are Neptune's light spots thought to occur?
Question:  What do Neptune's light spots appear as in the cloud decks?
Question: Since Neptune's light spots persist for several months, what are they thought to be?
Question:  What on Neptune are associated with light spots that are brighter?
Question: When Neptune's light spots migrate too close to the equator, what do they do?
Question: How much farther is Neptune from the Sun than Uranus?
Answer: 50%
Question: How much percentage of the sun does Neptune get compared to Uranus?
Answer: 40%
Question: How much more energy does Neptune radiate than it receives? 
Answer: 2.61
Question: The current heat flow on Neptune might be explained by what?
Answer: heat left over from Neptune's formation
Question: Why might Uranus have more varied weather than Jupiter?
Question:  How much farther is Neptune from the Moon than Uranus?
Question: How much percentage of the sun does Neptune get compared to Jupiter?
Question: How much more energy does Jupiter radiate than it receives?
Question:  The current cold flow on Neptune might be explained by what?
Question: When did Neptune complete it's first barycentric orbit since it's discovery?
Answer: 11 July 2011
Question: What is the Earth's orbit?
Answer: 365.26-day
Question: Using the heliocentric coordinate system, when did Neptune reach the discovery longitude? 
Answer: 12 July 2011
Question: Why didn't Neptune appear to be in it's exact discover position? 
Answer: Earth was in a different location
Question: When did Neptune complete it's last barycentric orbit since it's discovery?
Question: Using the heliocentric coordinate system, when did Jupiter reach the discovery longitude?
Question: Why did Neptune appear to be in it's exact discover position?
Question: What does the Kuiper belt consist of?
Answer: small icy worlds
Question: Where is the Kuiper belt relative to Neptune?
Answer: 30 AU out to about 55 AU from the Sun
Question: What dominates the Kuiper belt? 
Answer: Neptune's gravity
Question: What did Neptune's gravity do to Kuiper belt? 
Answer: gaps in the Kuiper belt's structure
Question: What is the region behind Jupiter called?
Question:  What does the Kuiper belt not consist of?
Question:  Where is the Kuiper belt relative to Mars?
Question:  What doesn't dominate the Kuiper belt?
Question:  What did Jupiter's gravity do to Kuiper belt?
Question: What is the fraction of the most heavily populated resonance in the Kuiper belt? 
Answer: 2:3 resonance
Question: How many known objects is in the most populated resonance of the Kuiper belt?
Answer: 200
Question: What is the best known, and largest, object in the Kuiper belt?
Answer: Pluto
Question: What is the resonance of Pluto in the Kuiper belt?
Answer: 2:3
Question: Which resonances are less populated in the Kuiper belt?
Answer: 3:4, 3:5, 4:7 and 2:5
Question: What is the fraction of the most heavily populated resonance in the Jupiter belt?
Question: How many unknown objects is in the most populated resonance of the Kuiper belt?
Question:  What is the least known object in the Kuiper belt?
Question:  Which resonances are more populated in the Kuiper belt?
Question:  What is the resonance of Jupiter in the Kuiper belt?
Question: Where did most Neptune trojans form?
Answer: alongside Neptune
Question: What is the only object identified with Neptune's trailing L5 Lagrangian point?
Answer: 2008 LC18
Question: What is Neptune's temporary quasi-satellite named?
Answer: (309239) 2007 RW10
Question: How long has Neptune's quasi-satellite been with Neptune? 
Answer: 12,500 years
Question:  What is the resonance of Jupiter trojans?
Question:  Where did most Jupiter trojans form?
Question: What isn't the object identified with Neptune's trailing L5 Lagrangian point?
Question:  What is Neptune's temporary  real satellite named?
Question:  How long has Neptune's real satellite been with Neptune?
Question: What could have blasted Neptune and Uranus's atmosphere with radiation, aiding in creation? 
Answer: nearby massive OB star
Question: What is too low to account for the formation of Neptune?
Answer: matter density
Question: If Neptune was formed from instabilities within the original protoplanetary disc, what was it not formed by?
Answer: core accretion
Question: What didn't blast Neptune and Uranus's atmosphere with radiation, aiding in creation?
Question:  What is too high to account for the formation of Neptune?
Question:  If Neptune wasn't formed from instabilities within the original protoplanetary disc, what was it formed by?
Question: If Neptune formed closer to the sun, what caused it to migrate to it's current orbit?
Answer: removal of the gaseous protoplanetary disc
Question: What is the most widely accepted explanation of Neptune's formation called?
Answer: the Nice model
Question: What does The Nice model consider effected the migration of Neptune?
Answer: Kuiper belt.
Question: If Jupiter formed closer to the sun, what is the matter density?
Question: If Pluto formed closer to the sun, what caused it to migrate to it's current orbit?
Question: What is the least widely accepted explanation of Neptune's formation called?
Question: What does The Nice model consider effected the migration of Jupiter?
Question: What is Neptune's largest moon?
Answer: Triton
Question: Who discovered Triton? 
Answer: William Lassell
Question: What orbit does Triton have around Neptune? 
Answer: retrograde orbit
Question: What does Triton's orbit suggest about it's relation to Neptune?
Answer: that it was captured
Question: What planet has 13 moons?
Question: What is the smallest moon?
Question: Who failed to discover Triton?
Question:  What orbit does Triton have around Jupiter?
Question:  What does Triton's orbit suggest about it's relation to Jupiter?
Question: What discovered six moons of Neptune in 1989?
Answer: Voyager 2
Question: What is the second most massive Neptunian moon? 
Answer: Proteus
Question: What is notable about the moon Proteus?
Answer: irregularly shaped
Question: Which are Neptune's four innermost moons?
Answer: Naiad, Thalassa, Despina and Galatea
Question: When was Neptune's moon Larissa discovered? 
Answer: 1981
Question: What discovered five moons of Neptune in 1989?
Question:  What is the second least massive Neptunian moon?
Question:  What is not notable about the moon Proteus?
Question: Which are Neptune's four outermost moons?
Question: What was discovered in 1984?
Question: What is Neptune's angular diameter range?
Answer: 2.2 to 2.4 arcseconds
Question: The advent of what telescope made it easier to study Neptune?
Answer: Hubble Space Telescope
Question: When was the first useful observation of Neptune from the ground?
Answer: 1997
Question: What seasons are Neptune currently entering?
Answer: spring and summer
Question: What was discovered around Neptune in 2004 and 2005?
Answer: five new small satellites
Question:  What is Neptune's angular height?
Question:  The advent of what telescope made it easier to study Jupiter?
Question: What happened in 1978?
Question:  What seasons are Uranus currently entering?
Question:  What was discovered around Neptune in 2008 and 2009?
Question: When did a spacecraft get closest to Neptune?
Answer: 25 August 1989
Question: What near Neptune did a spacecraft visit dangerously close?
Answer: Triton
Question: What program aired on PBS about Neptune?
Answer: Neptune All Night
Question:  What is the only spacecraft to never visit Neptune?
Question:  When did a spacecraft refuse to get close to Neptune?
Question:  What near Neptune did a spacecraft land on?
Question:  What program aired on NBC about Neptune?
Question: What aired in 1984?
Question: What about Neptune did NASA propose in 2003 in their "Vision Missions Studies"?
Answer: Neptune Orbiter with Probes
Question: When will Argo be launched?
Answer: 2019
Question: What will Argo visit?
Answer: Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, and a Kuiper belt object
Question: When can we expect Argo to visit Triton?
Answer: 2029
Question:  When is the next set-in-stone mission to Neptune?
Question: What about Uranus did NASA propose in 2003 in their "Vision Missions Studies"?
Question: What will launch in 2027?
Question:  What will Larrgo visit?
Question:  When can we expect Argo to visit Mars?
Question: What is of the factors the capital cost of electrification system depends on?
Answer: maintenance