huutuan/long_squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Question: What was the demonstration of the Singing Revolution trying to fight for?
Answer: independence
Question: How many people created a chain of solidarity that went Estonia and other countries?
Answer: more than two million people
Question: What was the name of the human chain?
Answer: the Baltic Way
Question: What is the length of the border that Estonia shares with Lativa?
Answer: 267 kilometers
Question: What is the length of the border that Estonia shares with Russia?
Answer: 290 kilometers
Question: What document established the border between Russia and Estonia?
Answer: the 1920 Tartu Peace Treaty
Question: What is the average elevation of Estonia?
Answer: 50 metres (164 ft)
Question: What is Estonia's highest mountain point?
Answer: the Suur Munamägi
Question: How tall is the the Suur Munamägi?
Answer: 318 metres (1,043 ft)
Question: What is the similar trait of Estonia's four seasons?
Answer: near-equal length
Question: What is the average temperature of the Baltic Islands?
Answer: 16.3 °C (61.3 °F)
Question: What is the warmest month in Estonia?
Answer: July
Question: What is the county government in Estonia called?
Answer: Maavalitsus
Question: A Maavanem holds what position in Estonia?
Answer: county governor
Question: Who represents the national government on a local level?
Answer: Maavanem
Question: What political structure aids the Prime Minister?
Answer: a multi-party system
Question: The political scene of Estonia is similar to other countries in what continent?
Answer: Northern Europe
Question: Who is Europe's longest serving Prime Minister?
Answer: Andrus Ansip
Question: What position do the citizens of Estonia elect for a four year term?
Answer: The Parliament of Estonia
Question: What year did the Estonians create a constitutional document for their modern political system?
Answer: 1992
Question: How many representatives are in the Estonian parliament?
Answer: 101 members
Question: What can the Estonian parliament do in regards to treaties?
Answer: ratify and denounce international treaties
Question: Who chooses high state officials of Estonia?
Answer: The Riigikogu
Question: Who does the government have to explain their actions to?
Answer: the Riigikogu
Question: What can the Riigikogu monitor for abuse of influence?
Answer: activities of the executive power
Question: Who has to approve the Government of Estonia after it is nominated by the President?
Answer: parliament
Question: How many ministers serve in the government?
Answer: twelve
Question: Who has the ability to assign other ministers?
Answer: The Prime Minister
Question: What is another name for the governing body of ministers?
Answer: the cabinet
Question: What strategy does the cabinet execute?
Answer: domestic and foreign policy
Question: What major responsibility does the cabinet hold?
Answer: everything occurring within the authority of executive power
Question: What year did the first internet vote occur in local Estonia elections?
Answer: 2005
Question: What year did the first internet vote occur in Estonia parliamentary elections?
Answer: 2007
Question: In 2007, how many Estonians used internet voting?
Answer: 30,275
Question: Who holds supreme judicial power in Estonia?
Answer: the Supreme Court or Riigikohus
Question: How many judges are on Estonia's supreme court?
Answer: nineteen
Question: How many years does the Chief justice serve?
Answer: nine
Question: What date did Estonia join the League of Nations?
Answer: 22 September 1921
Question: What date did Estonia join the United Nations?
Answer: 17 September 1991
Question: What date did Estonia join NATO?
Answer: 29 March 2004
Question: What date did Estonia join the European Union?
Answer: 1 May 2004
Question: What type of foreign policy has Estonia sought after getting their independence?
Answer: close co-operation
Question: What were the most important foreign policy priorities?
Answer: accession into NATO and the European Union
Question: What trend has accompanied Estonia's cooperation with Western powers?
Answer: deterioration in relations with Russia
Question: Which Baltic countries have cooperated with Estonia since the early 1990s?
Answer: Latvia and Lithuania
Question: What is the combined group of the interparliamentary Baltic Assembly and the intergovernmental Baltic Council of Ministers?
Answer: The Baltic Council
Question: What is the name of the joint group that Estonia shares with Denmark and 7 other countries?
Answer: Nordic-Baltic Eight
Question: What year did Parliamentary co-operation between the Baltic Assembly and Nordic Council start?
Answer: 1989
Question: What has been a major factor in the restoration of Estonia after winning their independence?
Answer: closer ties with the Nordic countries
Question: When did Toomas Hendrik Ilves deliver his speech?
Answer: December 1999
Question: Who expressed a speech called "Estonia as a Nordic Country"?
Answer: Toomas Hendrik Ilves
Question: What year did the foreign ministry hold an exhibit exploring the Nordic ties of Estonia?
Answer: 2003
Question: What government institution did Estonia continue to show desire in joining?
Answer: the Nordic Council
Question: What percentage of Estonia's foreign trade was held by Russia in 1992?
Answer: 92%
Question: What percentage of Estonia exports are sent to Nordic countries?
Answer: 42%
Question: What name describes the combined body of all Estonia military?
Answer: the Estonian Defence Forces
Question: What is the name of Estonia's Navy?
Answer: Merevägi
Question: What is the name of Estonia's Air Force?
Answer: Õhuvägi
Question: What joint military educational academy does Estonia share with Baltic Countries?
Answer: the Baltic Defence College
Question: Where is the Baltic Defence College located?
Answer: Tartu
Question: When were the Baltic states asked to join NORDEFCO?
Answer: January 2011
Question: Who have been jointly working on protection against cyberwarfare?
Answer: The Ministry of Defence and the Defence Forces
Question: What year was a declaration of e-military introduced?
Answer: 2007
Question: What event in 2007 led to a need for e-military action?
Answer: massive cyberattacks
Question: When was the Computer Emergency Response Team of Estonia established?
Answer: 2006
Question: What was the GDP of Estonia in 2015?
Answer: $28,781
Question: What countries share similar levels of GDP with Estonia?
Answer: Slovak Republic and Lithuania
Question: Where is Estonia ranked in the 2015 Index of Economic Freedom?
Answer: 8th
Question: What percentage of electricity was produced with local oil shale in 2011?
Answer: about 85%
Question: What alternative energy sources account for 9% of energy production?
Answer: wood, peat, and biomass
Question: What percentage of electricity was produced from renewable energy in 2009?
Answer: 6%
Question: What trend led to the decrease of Estonia's GDP?
Answer: global economic recession
Question: Who approved the supplementary negative budget drafted by the Estonian government?
Answer: Riigikogu
Question: What year did Estonia start their economic rise based on strong exports?
Answer: 2010
Question: What year did Estonia establish a flat tax?
Answer: 1994
Question: Who was the source of influence for the flat tax?
Answer: Milton Friedman
Question: What was tax rate imposed on the personal income?
Answer: a uniform rate of 26%
Question: What year did Estonia reclaim their independence?
Answer: 1991
Question: What event played a major part in the decline of the economy during 1999?
Answer: the 1998 Russian financial crisis
Question: When did Estonia unite with the WTO?
Answer: November 1999
Question: What type of energy production as many companies been investing in recent years?
Answer: renewable energy sources
Question: What energy source has been increasing in Estonia?
Answer: wind power
Question: What is total amount of energy production from wind power?
Answer: nearly 60 MW
Question: In what region does Estonia hold one of the highest per capita income levels?
Answer: Eastern
Question: Being close to what commercial area gives Estonia a competitive advantage?
Answer: Scandinavian markets
Question: What is a major trait of the Estonian employed workers?
Answer: highly skilled
Question: What is the largest city in Estonia?
Answer: Tallinn
Question: When did a huge deficit and rising inflation place pressure on Estonia's currency?
Answer: 2007
Question: What area of commerce did Estonia need to expand?
Answer: export-generating industries
Question: How much electricity is imported by Estonia annually?
Answer: 200 million kilowatt hours
Question: How much electricity is exported by Estonia annually?
Answer: 1.562 billion kilowatt hours
Question: How much money did Estonia receive from European Union Structural Funds between 2007 and 2013?
Answer: 53.3 billion kroons (3.4 billion euros)
Question: What year was the start of investments from the European Union Structural Funds?
Answer: 2007
Question: What year was the end of investments from the European Union Structural Funds?
Answer: 2013
Question: What period did the amount of ethnic Estonians drop by 61%?
Answer: Between 1945 and 1989
Question: What trend caused the drop of ethnic Estonians?
Answer: mass immigration of urban industrial workers from Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus
Question: Who ordered large scales of deportations and executions?
Answer: Joseph Stalin
Question: What year did minorities in Estonia make up more than a third of the country?
Answer: 1989
Question: How did Estonians view the demographic change of less ethnic Estonians?
Answer: a national catastrophe
Question: What Russian institutions were removed in the decade following Estonia's reclaim of independence?
Answer: Russian military bases
Question: What percentage of Estonians were ethnic in 2006?
Answer: 69%
Question: What number of Estonia's counties are over 80% ethnic Estonian?
Answer: Thirteen
Question: How many counties are in Estonia?
Answer: 15
Question: Which county in Estonia is the most uniform?
Answer: Hiiumaa
Question: What percentage accounts for the total number people living in Hiiumaa that are ethnic Estonians?
Answer: 98.4%
Question: What number describes the percentage of Russian Estonians?
Answer: 25.6%
Question: In 1925, what rule did Estonia create that was unique in Europe?
Answer: The Estonian Cultural Autonomy law
Question: How many minorities were granted cultural autonomies?
Answer: more than 3,000 people
Question: What groups of minorities could elect a cultural council before the Soviet occupation?
Answer: Germans and Jewish minorities
Question: What document labeled the the description of the citizenship policy of Estonia as "discriminatory"? 
Answer: The 2008 United Nations Human Rights Council report
Question: What percentage of Estonian Russians have though of going back to Russia?
Answer: 5%
Question: What proportion of Estonian Russians see themselves as different from their Russian counterparts?
Answer: more than half
Question: Estonia's constitution declares the division of what parts of society?
Answer: separation of church and state
Question: What individual privacy rights are citizens granted?
Answer: belief and religion
Question: What percentage of Estonians claim no religion?
Answer: 75.7%
Question: Which religious group is the second largest with 150,000 members?
Answer: the Russian Orthodox Church
Question: What religious group do Catholics in Estonia follow?
Answer: Latin Apostolic Administration of Estonia
Question: What proportion of vocabulary did Estonia borrow from Germany?
Answer: nearly one third
Question: What standard language did Estonia adopt during German rule?
Answer: High German
Question: What percentage of the Estonia language includes Low Saxon words?
Answer: about 15 percent
Question: What are the three levels of higher learning in Estonia?
Answer: bachelor's, master's, and doctoral studies
Question: What medical fields have their bachelor's and master's levels combined into one unit?
Answer: basic medical studies, veterinary, pharmacy, dentistry
Question: What do Estonian public universities have more of than higher education institutions?
Answer: autonomy
Question: What is the largest private university in Estonia?
Answer: Estonian Business School
Question: What is the strongest research body that executes fundamental and applied research?
Answer: the National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics
Question: What decade were the first computer centers created in Estonia?
Answer: the late 1950s
Question: What cities were the locations of the first computer centers?
Answer: Tartu and Tallinn
Question: What size and power of government is popular in Estonia?
Answer: limited government, discouraging centralised power and corruption
Question: What is a highly prized fixture of Estonian society?
Answer: free education
Question: What ideal does Estonia hold towards the environment?
Answer: closeness to nature
Question: What institute provides education in art, design, and media?
Answer: The Estonian Academy of Arts
Question: What institute promotes awareness of native culture?
Answer: Viljandi Culture Academy of University of Tartu
Question: What parts of native culture does the Viljandi Culture Academy highlight?
Answer: native construction, native blacksmithing, native textile design
Question: How many Estonian museums existed in 2010?
Answer: 245
Question: What year did the tradition of Laulupidu start?
Answer: 1869
Question: How many people celebrated Laulupidu in 2004?
Answer: about 100,000 people
Question: Where does Laulupidu usually take place?
Answer: the Tallinn Song Festival Grounds
Question: When does Laulupidu occur?
Answer: every five years in July
Question: Who performed the song "Everybody"?
Answer: Tanel Padar and Dave Benton
Question: What year did Estonia host the Eurovision Song Contest?
Answer: 2002
Question: What performer has represented Estonia two different times?
Answer: Maarja-Liis Ilus
Question: What was the first ever Estonian song to hit the popular European charts?
Answer: "Rändajad" by Urban Symphony
Question: What event preceded the domination of Estonia by different European powers?
Answer: the Northern Crusades
Question: Which three nations occupied Estonia up until 1918?
Answer: Germany, Sweden, and Russia
Question: What era contains the oldest records of written Estonia works?
Answer: the 13th century
Question: What document dated in 1241 contains place and family names?
Answer: The Liber Census Daniae
Question: Who was the most famous prose writer in early Estonian history?
Answer: Oskar Luts
Question: What is the name of lyrical novel written by Oskar Luts?
Answer: Kevade
Question: What is the name of the book written by Anton Hansen Tammsaare?
Answer: Truth and Justice
Question: Who wrote a book detailing Estonia's rise from peasants to independence?
Answer: Anton Hansen Tammsaare
Question: When were the preserved hill forts in Estonia built?
Answer: pre-Christian times
Question: What institutional structures still exist from medieval times?
Answer: castles and churches
Question: What factors have influenced Estonian food for most of their history?
Answer: seasons and simple peasant food
Question: What are the most common foods in Estonia?
Answer: black bread, pork, potatoes, and dairy products.
Question: What fresh items do Estonians traditionally enjoy in summer and spring?
Answer: berries, herbs, vegetables
Question: What food gathering behaviors are now seen as hobbies in modern Estonian culture?
Answer: Hunting and fishing
Question: What year did Estonia declare independence from Russia?
Answer: 1918
Question: What event did Estonia compete in as a nation for the first time ever?
Answer: the 1920 Summer Olympics
Question: What year was Estonia annexed by Russia?
Answer: 1940
Question: What city hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics Sailing regatta?
Answer: Tallinn
Question: What year did Estonia's basketball team first compete in the Summer Olympics
Answer: 1936
Question: How many instances has Estonia appeared in the EuroBasket tournament?
Answer: four
Question: Which Estonian football club competes in the EuroCup?
Answer: BC Kalev/Cramo
Question: What is the name of second best basketball club in Estonia?
Answer: Tartu Ülikool/Rock
Question: How many Estonian teams are in the Baltic Basketball League?
Answer: Six
Question: How many of Alaska's residents reside in the Anchorage area?
Answer: Approximately half
Question: What is Alaska's total population according to the 2015 Census?
Answer: 738,432
Question: Which industries are most prevalent in Alaska's economy?
Answer: fishing, natural gas, and oil
Question: Where does Alaska rank in population comparative to other US states?
Answer: 3rd least populous
Question: How does Alaska compare in size to other US states?
Answer: largest state in the United States by area
Question: How many of Alaska's residents die in the Anchorage area?
Question: What is Alaska's total population according to the 2014 Census?
Question: Which industries are least prevalent in Alaska's economy?
Question: Where does Alaska rank in population comparative to other UN states?
Question: How does Alaska compare in size to other UN states?
Question: What is Alaska's capital city?
Answer: Juneau
Question: How many miles are between Alaska and Washington state?
Answer: 500
Question: Which set of islands extend into the Eastern Hemisphere?
Answer: Aleutian Islands
Question: What are the contiguous states always called?
Question: What aren't the contiguous states sometimes called?
Question: What isn't Alaska's capital city?
Question: How many miles are between Alaska and Washington DC?
Question: Which set of islands stop before the Eastern Hemisphere?
Question: Which forest is the largest national forest in the US?
Answer: Tongass National Forest
Question: Which city was Alaska's former capital?
Answer: Sitka
Question: What is the area closest to the continental US called?
Answer: Panhandle or Inside Passage
Question: Where did most settlement occur after the Louisiana Purchase?
Answer: Panhandle or Inside Passage
Question: Which forest is the smallest national forest in the US?
Question: Which forest is the largest national forest in the UN?
Question: Which city was Alaska's current capital?
Question: What is the area farthest to the continental US called?
Question: Where did least settlement occur after the Louisiana Purchase?
Question: Which area contains the Prudhoe Bay Oil Field?
Answer: The North Slope
Question: What is the northernmost city in the US?
Answer: Barrow
Question: What resource is the North Slope known for?
Answer: massive reserves of crude oil
Question: Which area doesn't contain the Prudhoe Bay Oil Field?
Question: Which area contains the Prudhoe Bay Fire Field?
Question: What is the southernmost city in the US?
Question: What is the northernmost city in the UN?
Question: What resource is the South Slope known for?
Question: How much tidal shoreline does Alaska have in miles?
Answer: nearly 34,000 miles
Question: On which island is Mount Shishaldin located?
Answer: Unimak Island
Question: What do geoligists believe is unique about Wrangellia?
Answer: actively undergoing continent building
Question: What is most impressive about Mount Shishaldin in comparison to Mount Fuji?
Answer: most perfect volcanic cone on Earth
Question: How high does Mount Shishaldin rise above sea level?
Answer: 10,000 feet (3,048 m)
Question: How much tidal shoreline doesn't Alaska have in miles?
Question: On which island isn't Mount Shishaldin located?
Question: What do geoligists believe isn't unique about Wrangellia?
Question: What is least impressive about Mount Shishaldin in comparison to Mount Fuji?
Question: How high does Mount Shishaldin rise below sea level?
Question: What types of areas are managed by the federal government as public lands?
Answer: national forests, national parks, and national wildlife refuges
Question: How many acres is the Bureau of Land Management in charge of?
Answer: 87 million
Question: How much of the state is controlled by the Bureau of Land Management?
Answer: 23.8%
Question: What is the world's largest wildlife refuge?
Answer: The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
Question: What percentage of Alaska is maintained by the UN federal government?
Question: What types of areas are managed by the local government as public lands?
Question: How many acres is the Bureau of Asset Management in charge of?
Question: How much of the state is uncontrolled by the Bureau of Land Management?
Question: What is the world's smallest wildlife refuge?
Question: How many acres of its land does the state of Alaska own?
Answer: 101 million acres
Question: How much land is the state of Alaska provided by the Alaska Statehood Act?
Answer: 101 million acres (41 million hectares)
Question: Why aren't homestead and subdivision areas more popular?
Answer: remote and roadless locations
Question: How many acres of its land doesn't the state of Alaska own?
Question: How many acres of its land does the state of Alaska rent?
Question: How much land isn't the state of Alaska provided by the Alaska Statehood Act?
Question: Why aren't homestead and subdivision areas less popular?
Question: Why aren't homestead and subdivision areas more unpopular?
Question: Which group claims it is Alaska's largest private land owner?
Answer: Doyon, Limited
Question: What privelege do private Alaskan corporations have that its public citizens do not?
Answer: hold title (including subsurface title in many cases
Question: Was a law enacted in 1991 allowing corporations to sell land holdings or was it repealed?
Answer: repealed before they could take effect
Question: Which group claims it is Alaska's smallest private land owner?
Question: Which group claims it is Alaska's largest public land owner?
Question: What privelege do public Alaskan corporations have that its public citizens do not?
Question: What privelege do private Alaskan corporations have that its private citizens do not?
Question: Was a law enacted in 1919 allowing corporations to sell land holdings or was it repealed?
Question: How much precipitation does Juno receive each year?
Answer: over 50 in
Question: In what region of Alaska is the daytime temperature above freezing during summer?
Answer: Southeast
Question: Southern Alaska has what two Koppen climate classifications?
Answer: mid-latitude oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfb) in the southern sections and a subarctic oceanic climate (Köppen Cfc) in the northern parts
Question: How much precipitation does Ketchikan receive each year?
Answer: over 150 in (380 cm)
Question: How much precipitation doesn't Juneau receive each year?
Question: How much precipitation does Juneau receive each month?
Question: In what region of Alaska is the nighttime temperature above freezing during summer?
Question: Southern Alaska has what three Koppen climate classifications?
Question: How much precipitation does Ketchikan receive each month?
Question: What two bodies of water influene the climate in Western Alaska?
Answer: Bering Sea and the Gulf of Alaska
Question: Is precipitation varied or uniform in Western Alaska?
Answer: tremendous amount of variety
Question: Which area of Western Alaska is techincally a desert?
Answer: the region around Kotzebue Sound
Question: How much precipitation does the desert area of Western Alaska receive?
Answer: less than 10 in (25 cm) of precipitation annually
Question: What three bodies of water influene the climate in Western Alaska?
Question: What two bodies of water influene the climate in Eastern Alaska?
Question: Is precipitation varied or uniform in Eastern Alaska?
Question: Which area of Eastern Alaska is technically a desert?
Question: How much precipitation does the desert area of Eastern Alaska receive?
Question: Which President allowed Tsimshian settlers to inhabit Annette Island?
Answer: Grover Cleveland
Question: In what year did the Tsimshian people arrive in Alaska?
Answer: 1887
Question: What epidemic resulted in numerous deaths between the 1830s and 1860s?
Answer: smallpox
Question: Which Alaskan indigenous group is now well-known for their art?
Answer: the Haida
Question: Which President disallowed Tsimshian settlers to inhabit Annette Island?
Question: Which President allowed Tsimshian settlers not to inhabit Annette Island?
Question: In what year didn't the Tsimshian people arrive in Alaska?
Question: What epidemic resulted in numerous deaths between the 1830s and 1870s?
Question: Which Alaskan indigenous group is not well-known for their art?
Question: Which indigenous group is controversially known for hunting caribou on protected land?
Answer: The Gwich'in people of the northern Interior region
Question: The Inuplat population inhabit what areas?
Answer: The North Slope and Little Diomede Island
Question: Which Alaskan indigenous group was the fist to be exploited by Russians?
Answer: Aleut
Question: Which indigenous group is controversially unknown for hunting caribou on protected land?
Question: Which indigenous group is controversially known for hunting caribou on unprotected land?
Question: The Inuplat population don't inhabit what areas?
Question: Which Alaskan indigenous group wasn't the first to be exploited by Russians?
Question: Which Alaskan indigenous group was the last to be exploited by Russians?
Question: During what time period do some researchers believe Russians settled in Alaska?
Answer: 17th century
Question: Whose expedidion potentially landed in Alaska during a storm and founded a settlement in 1648?
Answer: Semyon Dezhnyov
Question: Whom did Nikolai Durkin say lived in a village on the Kheuveren River?
Answer: "bearded men" who "pray to the icons"
Question: During which years did Nikolai Durkin visit Alaska?
Answer: 1764–1765
Question: During what time period do all researchers believe Russians settled in Alaska?
Question: During what time period do some researchers believe Russians left Alaska?
Question: Whose expedidion potentially landed in Alaska during a storm and founded a settlement in 1684?
Question: Whom did Nikolai Durkin say died in a village on the Kheuveren River?
Question: During which years didn't Nikolai Durkin visit Alaska?
Question: What event brought thousands of people to Alaska in the 1890s to early 1910s?
Answer: gold rushes
Question: What year was Alaska officially incorporated as a territory?
Answer: 1912
Question: In what year was Alaska's capital officially changed to Juneau?
Answer: 1906
Question: Which industries did European settlers in Alaska begin?
Answer: fishing and logging
Question: From what countries were European settlers in Alaska?
Answer: Norway and Sweden
Question: What event brought thousands of people to Alaska in the 1890s to early 1920s?
Question: What year was Alaska unofficially incorporated as a territory?
Question: In what year was Alaska's capital unofficially changed to Juneau?
Question: Which industries did European settlers in Alaska end?
Question: From what countries were South American settlers in Alaska?
Question: On what day was Alaskan Statehood finally approved by Congress?
Answer: July 7, 1958
Question: On what day was Alaska officially named a state?
Answer: January 3, 1959
Question: What cause did James Wickersham focus on in his early Congressional tenure?
Answer: Statehood for Alaska
Question: In what year did Alaskan Statehood gain momentum following a territorial referendum?
Answer: 1946
Question: From which areas did Alaskan supporters face political challenges?
Answer: mostly in the U.S. Congress but also within Alaska
Question: On what day was Alaskan Statehood finally disapproved by Congress?
Question: On what day was Alaska unofficially named a state?
Question: What cause did James Wickersham focus on in his later Congressional tenure?
Question: In what year did Alaskan Statehood lose momentum following a territorial referendum?
Question: What major event happened in Alaska on March 27, 1964 killing 133 people?
Answer: Good Friday earthquake
Question: Did the earthquake or resulting tsunamis and landslides do the most damage to Alaskan communities?
Answer: resultant tsunamis and landslides
Question: How did the Good Friday earthquake compare to other documented earthquakes in the world?
Answer: second-most-powerful earthquake in the recorded history of the world
Question: How did the Good Friday earthquake compare to the 1989 San Francisco earthquake?
Answer: over one thousand times more powerful
Question: Which factors concerning the Good Friday earthquake do some believe caused a higher survival rate?
Answer: The time of day (5:36 pm), time of year and location of the epicenter
Question: What major event happened in Alaska on March 27, 1946 killing 133 people?
Question: Did the earthquake or resulting tsunamis and landslides do the least damage to Alaskan communities?
Question: How did the Good Friday earthquake compare to other undocumented earthquakes in the world?
Question: How did the Good Friday earthquake compare to the 1998 San Francisco earthquake?
Question: Which factors concerning the Good Friday earthquake do some believe caused a lower survival rate?
Question: At least how many native Alaskan languages exist, according to the Alaska Native Language Center?
Answer: at least 20
Question: What are the two main native Alaskan language families?
Answer: Eskimo–Aleut or Na-Dene
Question: How many of Alaska's native languages are in danger of becoing dormant or extinct languages according to a 2014 study?
Answer: nearly all
Question: A study completed in what year found that nearly all of Alaska's native languages are at risk of becoming extinct?
Answer: 2014
Question: At least how many native Alaskan languages don't exist, according to the Alaska Native Language Center?
Question: What are the three main native Alaskan language families?
Question: How many of Alaska's native languages are in danger of becoming dormant or extinct languages according to a 2015 study?
Question: A study incomplete in what year found that nearly all of Alaska's native languages are at risk of becoming extinct?
Question: A study completed in what year found that nearly all of Alaska's native languages are not at risk of becoming extinct?
Question: According to the Association of Religion Data in 2010, what percentage of Alaskans are members of a relgious congregation?
Answer: 34%
Question: Which religion is most prevalent in Alaska?
Answer: Evangelical Protestants
Question: How does Alaska compare with other states in church membership?
Answer: least religious states of the USA
Question: Which other nearby states are also considered to be less religious than others?
Answer: Washington and Oregon
Question: According to the Association of Religion Data in 2012, what percentage of Alaskans are members of a relgious congregation?
Question: Which religion is least prevalent in Alaska?
Question: How doesn't Alaska compare with other states in church membership?
Question: Which other nearby states are also considered to be more religious than others?
Question: Which other far away states are also considered to be less religious than others?
Question: Which church was established in Kodiak in 1795?
Answer: First Russian Orthodox Church
Question: What was one way in which Russian immigrants integrated into Alaskan society?
Answer: Intermarriage with Alaskan Natives
Question: Alaska has the largest population of what religious lifestyle of any state?
Answer: Quaker population
Question: What religious tradition may be a problem for Alaskan Jews?
Answer: observance of halakha
Question: Which church was established in Kodiak in 1759?
Question: Which church wasn't established in Kodiak in 1795?
Question: What was one way in which Russian immigrants never integrated into Alaskan society?
Question: Alaska has the smallest population of what religious lifestyle of any state?
Question: What religious tradition is never a problem for Alaskan Jews?
Question: What was the per capita personal income in Alaska in 2007?
Answer: $40,042
Question: How does Alaska's per capita personal income rank against other states?
Answer: 15th in the nation
Question: How much of Alaskan state revenue comes from petroleum extraction?
Answer: 80%
Question: Beyond petroleum, what is Alaska's largest export?
Answer: seafood, primarily salmon, cod, Pollock and crab
Question: What was the per capita personal income in Alaska in 2017?
Question: How does Alaska's per capita personal debt rank against other states?
Question: How much of Alaskan state revenue never comes from petroleum extraction?
Question: Beyond petroleum, what is Alaska's largest import?
Question: Beyond petroleum, what is Alaska's smallest export?
Question: In which Alaskan areas are military bases prevalent as an important part of the local economy?
Answer: Fairbanks North Star, Anchorage and Kodiak Island boroughs, as well as Kodiak
Question: What program allows Alaska to keep low taxes?
Answer: Federal subsidies
Question: What are some of Alaska's industrial products?
Answer: crude petroleum, natural gas, coal, gold, precious metals, zinc and other mining, seafood processing, timber and wood products
Question: How, specifically, have tourists helped the local economy in Alaska?
Answer: supporting local lodging
Question: In which Alaskan areas are military bases prevalent as an unimportant part of the local economy?
Question: In which Alaskan areas are civilian bases prevalent as an important part of the local economy?
Question: What program allows Alaska to keep high taxes?
Question: What aren't some of Alaska's industrial products?
Question: How, specifically, have tourists helped the global economy in Alaska?
Question: What other states rank higher than Alaska in crude oil production?
Answer: Texas, North Dakota, and California
Question: How does Alaska rate in comparison with other states in crude oil production?
Answer: fourth
Question: Which area in Alaska is the nation's second highest-yielding oil field?
Answer: Prudhoe Bay
Question: How many barrels of oil does Prudhoe Bay produce per day?
Answer: 400,000
Question: Prudhoe Bay is second place in production to what other oil field in the US?
Answer: North Dakota's Bakken Formation
Question: What other states rank lower than Alaska in crude oil production?
Question: How does Alaska rate in comparison with other states in refined oil production?
Question: Which area in Alaska is the nation's third highest-yielding oil field?
Question: Which area in Alaska is the nation's second lowest-yielding oil field?
Question: How many barrels of oil does Prudhoe Bay produce per week?
Question: How much oil can the Trans-Alaska Pipeline transport per day?
Answer: up to 2.1 million barrels
Question: How much recoverable gas is still undiscovered in Alaska, according to the US Geological Survey?
Answer: 85.4 trillion cubic feet
Question: Alaska's coastline also has potential in which two environmentally friendly energy types?
Answer: wind and geothermal energy
Question: Alaska's large rivers have potential for what environmentally friendly type of energy production?
Answer: hydroelectric
Question: How much oil can't the Trans-Alaska Pipeline transport per day?
Question: How much oil can the Trans-Alaska Pipeline transport per week?
Question: How much unrecoverable gas is still undiscovered in Alaska, according to the US Geological Survey?
Question: Alaska's coastline also has potential in which three environmentally friendly energy types?
Question: Alaska's small rivers have potential for what environmentally friendly type of energy production?
Question: Why were alternative energy sources judged uneconomical in 2001?
Answer: low (less than 50¢/gal) fuel prices, long distances and low population
Question: How much does gas cost in Alaska, in comparison to the national average?
Answer: 30–60¢ higher
Question: What are some reasons why gas prices may vary in Alaska, especially?
Answer: transportation costs, seasonal usage peaks, nearby petroleum development infrastructure
Question: What does Alaska's economy heavily rely on?
Answer: diesel fuel
Question: What purpose does diesel fuel have in Alaska?
Answer: heating, transportation, electric power and light
Question: Why were alternative energy sources judged uneconomical in 2010?
Question: Why were alternative energy sources judged economical in 2001?
Question: How much does gas cost in Alaska, in comparison to the international average?
Question: What are some reasons why gas prices may be stable in Alaska, especially?
Question: What does Alaska's economy not rely on?
Question: What is the Alaska Permanent Fund?
Answer: constitutionally authorized appropriation of oil revenues
Question: In what year was the Alaska Permanent Fund established?
Answer: 1976
Question: Why was the Alaska Permament Fund established?
Answer: to manage a surplus in state petroleum revenues from oil
Question: Who originally proposed the Alaska Permanent Fund?
Answer: Governor Keith Miller
Question: Why did Governor Keith Miller propose the Alaska Permanent Fund before the Prudhoe Bay sale?
Answer: fear that the legislature would spend the entire proceeds of the sale (which amounted to $900 million) at once
Question: What is the Alaska Temporary Fund?
Question: In what year was the Alaska Permanent Fund ended?
Question: Why was the Alaska Permament Fund unestablished?
Question: Who originally hated the Alaska Permanent Fund?
Question: Why did Governor Keith Miller propose the Alaska Permanent Fund after the Prudhoe Bay sale?
Question: Was Alaska's Constitution written to encourage or discourage state funds being used for a particular purpose?
Answer: discourage
Question: Why is the Permanent Fund an exception to the premise of the Alaskan Constitution?
Answer: political climate of distrust existing during the time of its creation
Question: Where is the principal of the Permanent Fund invested?
Answer: outside Alaska
Question: How much was the initial principal of the Permanent Fund?
Answer: $734,000
Question: How high has the principal of the Permanent Fund grown?
Answer: $50 billion
Question: Was Alaska's Constitution written to encourage or discourage state funds being used for an unparticular purpose?
Question: Why is the Permanent Fund not an exception to the premise of the Alaskan Constitution?
Question: Where is the principal of the Permanent Fund not invested?
Question: How much was the final principal of the Permanent Fund?
Question: How high has the principal of the Permanent Fund shrank?
Question: How long must an Alaskan have lived in the state in order to receive a Permanent Fund Dividend?
Answer: minimum of 12 months
Question: What percentage of the Permanent Fund is divided betwen Alaska's eligible residents?
Answer: 5%
Question: When did disembursements from the Permanent Fund begin?
Answer: 1982
Question: How much was the initial disembursement from the Permanent Fund?
Answer: $1,000
Question: How long must an Canadian have lived in the state in order to receive a Permanent Fund Dividend?
Question: What percentage of the Permanent Fund is divided betwen Alaska's ineligible residents?
Question: When did disembursements from the Permanent Fund end?
Question: When didn't disembursements from the Permanent Fund begin?
Question: How much was the final disembursement from the Permanent Fund?
Question: Small farms west of Fairbanks cater to whom?
Answer: restaurants, the hotel and tourist industry, and community-supported agriculture
Question: Which area did Hammond develeop during his second term?
Answer: Delta Junction area
Question: Which crops aren't produced in the Delta-area?
Question: Large farms west of Fairbanks cater to whom?
Question: Small farms east of Fairbanks cater to whom?
Question: Which area didn't Hammond develeop during his second term?
Question: Which area did Hammond develeop during his third term?
Question: What causes food in Alaskan cities to be relatively expensive?
Answer: shipping costs
Question: How high can the cost of transport be in some remote areas?
Answer: 50¢ per pound ($1.10/kg)
Question: Which state in the US is the only to have higher fuel prices than Alaska?
Answer: Hawaii
Question: How much does it cost to transport a gallon of milk in some rural areas of Alaska?
Answer: $3.50
Question: What causes food in Alaskan cities to be relatively inexpensive?
Question: How low can the cost of transport be in some remote areas?
Question: How high can the cost of transport be in some urban areas?
Question: Which state in the US is the only to have lower fuel prices than Alaska?
Question: How much does it cost to transport a gallon of milk in some urban areas of Alaska?
Question: Why is there a debate about moving the capital of Alaska to another town?
Answer: Juneau, is not accessible by road
Question: Which part of Alaska has no road system connecting it to other areas?
Answer: western part
Question: Compared to the rest of the US, does Alaska has many or few road connections?
Answer: few
Question: Why is there a debate about not moving the capital of Alaska to another town?
Question: Which part of Alaska has a road system connecting it to other areas?
Question: Which part of Alaska has a road system connecting it to all other areas?
Question: Compared to the rest of the UN, does Alaska has many or few road connections?
Question: Compared to none of the US, does Alaska has many or few road connections?
Question: To what does "The Railbelt" refer?
Answer: region served by ARR tracks
Question: Which development in 1915 played a key role in developing Alaska?
Answer: Alaska Railroad (ARR)
Question: What year was the Alaska Railroad destroyed?
Question: What year wasn't the Alaska Railroad built?
Question: To what doesn't "The Railbelt" refer?
Question: Which development in 1915 played no role in developing Alaska?
Question: Which development in 1951 played a key role in developing Alaska?
Question: The ARR was one of the last railroads in the US to use what?
Answer: cabooses
Question: When are cabooses still used occasionally?
Answer: some gravel trains
Question: When was the Parks Highway constructed?
Answer: 1970s
Question: The ARR wasn't one of the last railroads in the US to use what?
Question: The ARR was one of the first railroads in the US to use what?
Question: The ARR was one of the last railroads in the UN to use what?
Question: When aren't cabooses still used occasionally?
Question: When was the Parks Highway destroyed?
Question: Which other Ferry group works alongside the Alaska Marine Highway to coordinate travel?
Answer: The Inter-Island Ferry Authority
Question: Which areas does the Alaska Marine Highway serve?
Answer: southeast, the Gulf Coast and the Alaska Peninsula
Question: What isn't the name of Alaska's ferry system?
Question: What is the name of Washington's ferry system?
Question: Which other Ferry group no longer works alongside the Alaska Marine Highway to coordinate travel?
Question: Which other Ferry group works alongside the Alaska Marine Highway to stop travel?
Question: Which areas doesn't the Alaska Marine Highway serve?
Question: Which two cities are served by major airlines?
Answer: Anchorage and, to a lesser extent Fairbanks
Question: What is the most efficient means of transportation into and out of Alaska?
Answer: air travel
Question: How many visitors came to Alaska between 2012-2013?
Answer: almost 2 million
Question: Which three cities are served by major airlines?
Question: Which two cities are unserved by major airlines?
Question: Which two cities are served by minor airlines?
Question: What is the most inefficient means of transportation into and out of Alaska?
Question: How many visitors came to Alaska between 2012-2014?
Question: Which service allows government to subsidise regular air travel in Alaska?
Answer: Essential Air Service program
Question: Which airline offers in-state travel with jet-service?
Answer: Alaska Airlines
Question: What are some Alaskan regional hubs?
Answer: Bethel, Nome, Kotzebue, Dillingham, Kodiak
Question: Which service denies government to subsidise regular air travel in Alaska?
Question: Which service allows government to subsidise irregular air travel in Alaska?
Question: Which airline offers out-of-state travel with jet-service?
Question: What aren't some Alaskan regional hubs?
Question: What are all Alaskan regional hubs?
Question: What are the names of a few regional Alaskan airlines?
Answer: Ravn Alaska, PenAir, and Frontier Flying Service
Question: What model is the most popular aicraft in Alaska?
Answer: Cessna Caravan
Question: How much of the subsidized bulk mail delivery program goes to carriers who offer passenger service?
Answer: 70%
Question: What are the names of all regional Alaskan airlines?
Question: What aren't the names of a few regional Alaskan airlines?
Question: What model is the lest popular aircraft in Alaska?
Question: What model is the most popular seacraft in Alaska?
Question: How much of the subsidized nonbulk mail delivery program goes to carriers who offer passenger service?
Question: Which plane is considered quintessentially Alaskan?
Answer: bush seaplane
Question: Where is the busiest seaplane base in the world?
Answer: Lake Hood
Question: Which state had the most pilots per capita than any other US state?
Answer: Alaska
Question: Lake Hood is located next to what International Airport?
Answer: Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport
Question: Which plane isn't considered quintessentially Alaskan?
Question: Where is the least busiest seaplane base in the world?
Question: Where is the busiest boat base in the world?
Question: Which state had the most pilots per capita than any other UN state?
Question: Lake Hood isn't located next to what International Airport?
Question: Which Alaskan way of transport is more for sport than for transportation?
Answer: dogsled
Question: Which dog-sled race in Alaska is the most famous?
Answer: Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race
Question: What does the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race commemorate in Alaskan history?
Answer: the famous 1925 serum run to Nome
Question: Why were sled-dogs used to deliver medicine to Nome in 1925?
Answer: all other means of transportation had failed
Question: Which dogsled race most accurately follows the route of the 1925 serum run?
Answer: "Serum Run"
Question: Which Alaskan way of transport is less for sport than for transportation?
Question: Which Alaskan way of transport isn't more for sport than for transportation?
Question: Which dog-sled race in Alaska is the least famous?
Question: What doesn't the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race commemorate in Alaskan history?
Question: Why were sled-dogs used to deliver medicine to Nome in 1952?
Question: Which two companies provide internet and data transport to Alaska?
Answer: GCI and Alaska Communications
Question: In what year was a project to connect Asia and rural Alaska announced?
Answer: 2011
Question: How much money did the federal government contribute via stimulus to the connectvitiy between Asia and Alaska?
Answer: $350 million
Question: Which company owns and operates the Alaska United Fiber Optic System?
Answer: GCI
Question: Which three companies provide internet and data transport to Alaska?
Question: In what year was a project to connect Asia and rural Alaska renounced?
Question: In what year was a project to connect Russia and rural Alaska announced?
Question: Which company disowns the Alaska United Fiber Optic System?
Question: How much money did the federal government contribute via stimulus to the non-connectvitiy between Asia and Alaska?
Question: How many states in the US do not have sales tax?
Answer: five
Question: How many US states do not collect an individual income tax?
Answer: seven
Question: Which state has the lowest tax burden of the entire US?
Answer: Alaska
Question: How doesn't Alaska finance its state government operations?
Question: How many states in the UN do not have sales tax?
Question: How many states in the US have sales tax?
Question: How many UN states do not collect an individual income tax?
Question: Which state has the highest tax burden of the entire US?
Question: How many elections have Democrats won in Alaska?
Answer: one
Question: Which candidate was the only Democrat to win Alaska in a landslide election in 1964?
Answer: Lyndon B. Johnson
Question: Which Democratic candidate was the first to win 40% of the vote in Alaska since 1964?
Answer: Barack Obama
Question: Which political party does Alaska generally not support?
Question: Which political party doesn't Alaska generally support?
Question: How many elections have Democrats lost in Alaska?
Question: Which candidate was the only Democrat to win Alaska in a landslide election in 1946?
Question: Which Democratic candidate was the first to win 40% of the vote in Alaska since 1946?
Question: The areas surrounding which university has been historically a Democratic stronghold?
Answer: University of Alaska Fairbanks