huutuan/long_squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Question: What the spandex not soak up?
Question: What are not common sports governments
Question: What have researchers in science labs been making?
Answer: prototypes
Question: What elementary force can some specialized fabrics generate?
Answer: electricity
Question: What can garments made with kevlar resist?
Answer: bullets
Question: Stain-resistant fabrics are coated with chemicals to reduce what?
Answer: absorption of liquids
Question: Why is clothing slow to change?
Question: Scientists are developing what they can serve either a functional purpose for a traditional
Question: Some less practical
Question: Stain resistant fabrics absorb what?
Question: What type of clothing is frequently the product of sweatshops?
Answer: Mass-produced
Question: What is a feature of sweatshops beyond lack of benefits and representation?
Answer: long work hours
Question: Poor conditions found in developing countries may also be found in what type of nations?
Answer: industrialized
Question: What type of immigrant often staff sweatshops?
Answer: undocumented
Question: What workers enjoy good conditions?
Question: What requires varied manual labor?
Question: Here my clothing is often produced in what?
Question: Most examples of what are found in industrial countries?
Question: What transformed most industry by the 1800s?
Question: The abolishing of the MFA made what possible?
Answer: Outsourcing production to low wage countries
Question: What did the MFA put quotas on?
Answer: textiles imports
Question: What is often identified as the reason for less than ideal working conditions for garment workers?
Answer: Globalization
Question: What treaty tries to set standards for worker safety and rights?
Answer: the International Labor Organization
Question: What country has failed to ratify sections 87 and 92 of the ILO?
Answer: India
Question: Abolishing what stopped outsourcing to low-wage countries?
Question: The MFA stop quotas on what?
Question: Wh what is often quoted is contributing to improved working conditions?
Question: What treaty lowered standards for worker safety rights?
Question: India has ratified all sections of what treaty?
Question: Indigenous people in what zones use fur for warmth and protection?
Answer: arctic
Question: Using animal fur as clothing was once considered what?
Answer: uncontroversial
Question: Who considers animal fur to be cruel and unnecessary?
Answer: campaigners
Question: What's the four letter name of an animal liberation group?
Answer: PETA
Question: What has not been used for clothing since prehistoric times?
Question: Indigenous people in the tropics use for for what?
Question: Using what for clothing has always been controversial?
Question: Who consider animal first to be necessary
Question: What type of clothing is believed to look neat, fresh and clean?
Answer: Ironed
Question: What material doesn't easily wrinkle?
Answer: knit
Question: Permanent press materials have been treated with what?
Answer: a coating
Question: What does polytetrafluoroethylene suppress?
Answer: wrinkles
Question: Many what are designed to be ironed?
Question: What material wrinkles easily?
Question: What type of closing encourages wrinkles?
Question: It does not suppress wrinkles?
Question: Doing what creates a rough appearance without ironing?
Question: What can cause contact dermatitis for some people?
Answer: formaldehyde
Question: What government office found high levels of formaldehyde in non-wrinkle clothing in 2008?
Answer: Accountability
Question: How many months of washing did a 1999 study look at?
Answer: 6
Question: How many ppm is a safe limit for direct skin exposure to formaldehyde?
Answer: 75
Question: Non-wrinkle shirts do not contain what?
Question: What does not cause contact dermatitis?
Question: Disclosure agreements exist for what?
Question: It was found that the lowest levels of formaldehyde were found in what?
Question: Seventy-five ppm of formaldehyde is not a safe limit for what?
Question: What could an accomplished tailor or seamstress skillfully render almost invisible?
Answer: tear
Question: Why did it make sense to spend time fixing cloth?
Answer: worth more than labor
Question: What is clothing considered today?
Answer: a consumable item
Question: What type of person is likely to replace zippers and buttons?
Answer: thrifty
Question: What is still considered an art today?
Question: A mediocre tail or seamstress could make it so what?
Question: When cloth was worth less than the labor it made sense to do what?
Question: What is not considered a consumable item today?
Question: What is more expensive than the labor required to repair it?
Question: What American professional baseball team is located on the North side of Chicago, IL?  
Answer: The Chicago Cubs
Question: What league are the Chicago Cubs in?
Answer: the National League
Question: Where do the Chicago Cubs play their home games?
Answer: Wrigley Field
Question: Who currently owns the  Chicago Cubs?
Answer: Joe Ricketts
Question: What year did the Chicago Cubs' name become official? 
Answer: 1903 season
Question: What other team besides the Chicago Cubs is tied for being the oldest currently active U.S. professional sports club?
Answer: Atlanta Braves
Question: What year did the cubs record a Major League record of 116 wins?
Answer: 1906
Question: What is the winning percentage the Cubs posted that still stands today?
Answer: .763
Question: Who was the first team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics?
Answer: The Cubs
Question: How many world series have the Cubs appeared in?
Answer: seven
Question: When the Cubs started playing, who was their owner?
Answer: William Hulbert
Question: Where did the White Stockings play their home games?
Answer: West Side Grounds
Question: What year did the White Stockings capture their third consecutive pennant?
Answer: 1882
Question: While Anson led the Chicago cubs how many National League pennants did they win?
Answer: six
Question: What did the Chicago Cubs become know as by 1890?
Answer: Chicago Colts
Question: Who was the first player in history credited with collecting 3,000 career hits?
Answer: Anson
Question: Who did Spalding sell the Cubs to in 1902?
Answer: Jim Hart
Question: Who nicknamed the franchise the Cubs in 1902?
Answer: Chicago Daily News
Question: Who wrote the poem Baseball's Sad Lexicon?
Answer: Franklin P. Adams
Question: Who holds the longest championship drought in North American professional sports?
Answer: the Cubs
Question: Who obtained a large block of the Cub's shares in 1914?
Answer: Albert Lasker
Question: Who assumed majority ownership of the Cubs franchise by the 1916 season?
Answer: Albert Lasker
Question: Who did Albert Lasker bring in to be his partner of the Chicago Cubs?
Answer: Charles Weeghman
Question: Where did the Cubs move to after leaving the West Side Grounds?
Answer: Weeghman Park
Question: What year did Hack Wilson have one of the most impressive seasons in MLB history?
Answer: 1930
Question: How many games in a row did the Cubs win in a row during 1935?
Answer: 21
Question: What year did the Cubs win the NL pennant?
Answer: 1929
Question: Why were the first three games of the 1945 World Series played in Detroit?
Answer: wartime travel restrictions
Question: Where were the final four games of the 1945 World Series played?
Answer: Wrigley
Question: In what game was the Curse of the Billy Goat allegedly laid upon the Cubs?
Answer: Game 4 of the Series
Question: What was ejected from Wrigley park because of it's bad odor?
Answer: goat
Question: Who had been a key player in the 1945 season?
Answer: Phil Cavarretta
Question: What season was Phil Cavarretta a key player for the Cubs?
Answer: the '45 season
Question: Who was fired during spring training in 1954 after admitting the Cubs were unlikely to finish above fifth place?
Answer: Phil Cavarretta
Question: The Cubs built a substantial lead in what league under management of Leo Durocher?
Answer: National League Eastern Division
Question: When did Ken Hoitzman pitch a no-hitter?
Answer: August 19
Question: Who threw a surprise pickoff attempt to third baseman Ron Santo?
Answer: Dick Selma
Question: During what decade did the Cubs become known as "The Loveable Losers"?
Answer: the 70s
Question: What is often pointed to as the one reason for the Cubs' inconsistent late season play?
Answer: unusually high number of day games
Question: What year did the Cubs experience one of their biggest collapses?
Answer: 1977
Question: Where was GM Dallas Green from?
Answer: Philadelphia
Question: What team had Dallas Green managed in 1980?
Answer: Phillies
Question: Who shored up the 1984 roster with a series of transactions?
Answer: Green
Question: When was Scott Sanderson acquired from Montreal?
Answer: December, 1983
Question: When did LF Gary Matthews and CF Bobby Dernier come from Philadelphia to the Cubs?
Answer: March 26
Question: When did Green make a deal to shore up the starting rotation?
Answer: June 15
Question: Why did Green make a deal to shore up the starting rotation?
Answer: due to injuries to Rick Reuschel (5–5) and Sanderson
Question: Who was the 1979 NL Rookie of the Year pitcher?
Answer: Rick Sutcliffe
Question: Where had Rick Sutcliffe been before moving to the Cubs?
Answer: the Cleveland Indians
Question: What contest shift the Cubs' Fortunes? 
Answer: NBC Saturday Game of the Week
Question: What had the contest between the Cubs and the St. Louis Cardinals been dubbed as?
Answer: The Sandberg Game
Question: How many game-tying home runs did Sandberg get against the Cardinals at the Sandber Game?
Answer: two
Question: The division winners met in what kind of series to advance to the World Series?
Answer: best-of-5 series
Question: Where were the first two games of the 1984 division winners held?
Answer: Wrigley Field
Question: Why did the cubs need to host their home games at an alternative site?
Answer: Wrigley Field did not yet have lights
Question: Where was it rumored that the Cubs could home their home games?
Answer: Comiskey Park
Question: Comiskey Park was the home to what team?
Answer: Chicago White Sox
Question: Who had the home field advantage in 1983?
Answer: Baltimore Orioles
Question: Who easily won the first two games in the NLCS?
Answer: , the Cubs
Question: Where did the Cubs easily win the first two games of the NLCS?
Answer: Wrigley Field
Question: Who did the cubs play against in the first two games of the NLCS?
Answer: San Diego Padres
Question: What year was the first full season with night baseball at Wrigley Field?
Answer: 1989
Question: Who was rookie of the year in 1989?
Answer: Jerome Walton
Question: Who was rookie of the year Runner-Up in 1989?
Answer: Dwight Smith
Question: Who did the Cubs meet in the NLCS during 1989?
Answer: San Francisco Giants
Question: Who was affectionately known as "H-Rod"?
Answer: Henry Rodríguez
Question: How many round-trippers did Rodriguez slug in his first season in Chicago?
Answer: 31
Question: Who put together a good season for the Cubs in 2001?
Answer: Don Baylor
Question: Who was brought in to preach "positive thinking"?
Answer: Mack Newton
Question: Who hit a three run walk off homer off of closer Tom "Flash" Gordon?
Answer: Preston Wilson
Question: When did the Cubs promote assistant general manager and player personnel director Jim Hendry?
Answer: July 5, 2002
Question: What was Jim Hendry promoted to?
Answer: the General Manager position
Question: Who did the Cubs hire in response to Jim Hendry's promotion?
Answer: Dusty Baker
Question: What pitcher led the Cubs in Game 6?
Answer: Mark Prior
Question: Who hit the foul ball that several spectators attempted to catch?
Answer: Luis Castillo
Question: What year did most media outlets pick the Cubs to win the World Series?
Answer: 2004
Question: Who was acquired in a trade with Florida for Hee-seop Choi?
Answer: Derek Lee
Question: Who was the mid-season deal for?
Answer: Nomar Garciaparra
Question: Who did the Cubs trade after leaving the final game early and lieing about it?
Answer: Sammy Sosa
Question: Who was a controversial figure due to a corked-bat incident?
Answer: Sammy Sosa
Question: What popular commentator left during the '04 season?
Answer: Steve Stone
Question: Who verbally attacked Steve Stone?
Answer: Kent Mercker
Question: How many wins did the Cubs finish the NL Central with in 2006?
Answer: 66
Question: Who was signed to a contract at 8 years for $136 million?
Answer: Alfonso Soriano
Question: Who replaced Dusty Baker as the Cubs manager?
Answer: Lou Piniella
Question: What  Chunichi Dragons  start was signed to the Cubs in 2008?
Answer: Kosuke Fukudome
Question: Who was acquired from the Oakland Athletics in early July?
Answer: Rich Harden
Question: Who was named Rookie of the Year in 2008?
Answer: Geovany Soto
Question: Who pitched a no-hitter against the Astros on Spetember 14th?
Answer: Zambrano
Question: When did the Ricketts family acquire a majority interest in the Cubs?
Answer: 2009
Question: Who did Chicago engage in a see-saw battle for first place into August 2009?
Answer: St. Louis
Question: What plagued the Cubs in 2009?
Answer: injuries
Question: Who debuted as the starting shortstop in early May 2010?
Answer: Starlin Castro
Question: When did Starlin Castro debut as the starting shortstop?
Answer: early May (2010)
Question: Who announced on August 22nd they were leaving the Cubs prematurely? 
Answer: Lou Piniella
Question: Why did Lou Piniella leave the cubs prematurely?
Answer: take care of his sick mother
Question: How many games under .500 did the Cubs finish the 2011 season with?
Answer: 20
Question: Who was the new owner of the Cubs?
Answer: Tom Ricketts
Question: Who did the new owner of the Cubs sign from the Boston Red Sox?
Answer: Theo Epstein
Question: How much was the contract given to Theo Epstein worth?
Answer: $18 million
Question: Who did the Cubs trade to the Texas Rangers for Mike Olt, C.J. Edwards, Neil Ramirez, and Justin Grimm?
Answer: Matt Garza
Question: Who did the Cubs send to the New York Yankees for minor leaguer Corey Black?
Answer: Alfonso Soriano
Question: When did Theo Epstein made the decision to fire Dale Sveum?
Answer: September 30, 2013
Question: How many seasons did Dale Sveum spend with the Cubs before getting fired?
Answer: two seasons
Question: When did the Cubs announce that Joe Maddon had signed a five-year contract to be the 54th manager?
Answer: November 2, 2014
Question: Who did the team sign on December 10, 2014 as a free agent?
Answer: Jon Lester
Question: How much was Jon Lester's contract worth?
Answer: $155 million
Question: What was the record the Cubs finished with during the 2015 season?
Answer: 97–65
Question: When were the Cubs and New York Giants involved in a tight pennant race?
Answer: September 23, 1908
Question: Who were the Cubs involved with for a tight pennant race on September 23, 1908?
Answer: New York Giants
Question: Who was the runner on first base?
Answer: Fred Merkle
Question: When was game three of the World Series between the Cubs and the New York Yankees?
Answer: October 1, 1932
Question: Who allegedly hit a home run to the Center?
Answer: Babe Ruth
Question: When did Babe Ruth retire?
Answer: 1935
Question: When did Hack Wilson set a record of 56 home-runs and 190 runs-batted-in?
Answer: 1930
Question: Who Broke Lou Gehrig's MLB record of 176 RBI?
Answer: Hack Wilson
Question: When did Manny Ramirez get his 165 RBI?
Answer: 1999
Question: What was Wilson named by the Baseball Writer's Association of America? 
Answer: "Most Useful" player
Question: When did protesters run into the outfield and try to set fire to the U.S. flag?
Answer: April 25, 1976
Question: What stadium did protesters try to burn the U.S.  flag?
Answer: Dodger Stadium
Question: Who grabbed the flag before protesters could light it on fire?
Answer: Rick Monday
Question: When did Sammy Sosa explode into pursuit of Roger Maris' home run record? 
Answer: 1998
Question: Who was in pursuit of Roger Maris' home run record?
Answer: Sammy Sosa
Question: Sammy Sosa was in pursuit of beating whose home run record?
Answer: Roger Maris
Question: What award did Sammy Sosa win?
Answer: the NL MVP Award
Question: When did the Cubs record their 10,000 regular-season win?
Answer: April 23, 2008
Question: Who did the Cubs record their 10,000 regular-season against?
Answer: Colorado Rockies
Question: When was the beginning of the National League?
Answer: 1876
Question: When did Kerry Wood strike out 20 batters against Houston?
Answer: May 6, 1998
Question: Kerry Wood struck out 20 batters against what team?
Answer: Houston
Question: When was the last time the Chicago Cubs win a World Series championship?
Answer: 1908
Question: When was the last time the Chicago Cubs appeared in the Fall Classic?
Answer: 1945
Question: What is the longest championship drought in all four of the major North American professional sports leagues?
Answer: 107 seasons
Question: The championship drought has led to the Chicago Cubs being know as what?
Answer: The Lovable Losers
Question: Who was the first and only player to hit a pitched ball onto the roof of a five-story building across Waveland Ave?
Answer: Glenallen Hill
Question: When did the first and only player to hit a pitched ball onto the roof of a five-story building across Waveland Ave?
Answer: May 11, 2000
Question: Who barely missed the scoreboard when he launched a home run ball onto Sheffield Avenue?
Answer: Bill Nicholson
Question: When did the Cubs sign a developmental agreement with the Kane County Cougars?
Answer: 2012
Question: The Cubs had a Class A minor league affiliation on two occasions with who?
Answer: Peoria Chiefs
Question: When did the Cubs announce a move of their top class A affiliate from Daytona to Myrtle Beach?
Answer: September 16, 2014
Question: Who began spring training in Hot Springs, Arkansas in 1886?
Answer: Chicago White Stockings
Question: Who is the founder of Spalding Sporting Goods?
Answer: Albert Spalding
Question: Whittington Park, Majestic Park, and Fogel Field were all built where?
Answer: Hot Springs, Arkansas
Question: Where is the Cubs' current spring  training facility located?
Answer: Sloan Park
Question: How many seats are in the Cubs' Sloan Park training facility?
Answer: 15,000
Question: When did Sloan Park open?
Answer: 2014
Question: Where is Blair Field?
Answer: Long Beach, California
Question: Between what years did the club hold spring training in Scottsdale, Arizona?
Answer: (1967–1978)
Question: Who had a majority interest in Cataline island  in 1919?
Answer: William Wrigley Jr
Question: What did Wrigley construct on the island to house the Cubs in Spring training?
Answer: a ballpark
Question: When did the Cubs choose to leave Catalina Island?
Answer: 1951
Question: Where was the former location in Mesa?
Answer: the second HoHoKam Park
Question: How many square feet does Fitch Park provide?
Answer: 25,000 square feet
Question: When was the spring training home of the Oakland Athletics built?
Answer: 1976
Question: Who manned the Cubs radio and TV booth for parts of five decades?
Answer: Jack Brickhouse
Question: What was Jack Brickhouse's trademark call?
Answer: Hey Hey!
Question: What did Jack Brickhouse do when he approached his retirement age?
Answer: he personally recommended his successor
Question: How long was Harry Caray's tenure  with the Cubs?
Answer: 17-year
Question: How did Caray become a well-known Chicago figure?
Answer: by broadcasting White Sox games for a decade
Question: How long had Caray been a St Louis Cardinals icon?
Answer: 25 years
Question: Who did Caray often playfully quarrel with?
Answer: Stone
Question: Why did Caray often playfully quarrel with Stone?
Answer: over Stone's cigar
Question: What does the crowd sing during the 7th inning to honor Caray's memory?
Answer: Take me out to the ballgame
Question: How much did Tribune Company purchase the Cubs for?
Answer: $20,500,000
Question: How long were the Cubs ran under the Wrigley family?
Answer: 6 decades
Question: What was "Baseball's Sad Lexicon" also known as?
Answer: "Tinker to Evers to Chance"
Question: Who wrote "Baseball's Sad Lexicon"?
Answer: Franklin Pierce Adams
Question: What poem did Franklin Pierce Adams write? 
Answer: "Baseball's Sad Lexicon,
Question: What is the official Cubs team mascot's name?
Answer: Clark
Question: When did Clark make his debut?
Answer: January 13, 2014
Question: What did "The Bear-man" wear as an outfit?
Answer: 'polar bear' looking outfit
Question: During what season were "cubbie-bear" mascots outside of Wrigley on game day?
Answer: 2013 season
Question: Who played Billy Cub?
Answer: John Paul Weier
Question: What is another unofficial well-known mascot?
Answer: Ronnie "Woo Woo" Wickers
Question: What is Ronnie known for to Wrigley Field visitors?
Answer: idiosyncratic cheers at baseball games
Question: What did Harry Caray dub Wickers?
Answer: "Leather Lungs
Question: What is the area surrounding the ballpark typically referred to?
Answer: Wrigleyville
Question: What have many apartment buildings  surrounding Wrigley Field built on their rooftops?
Answer: bleachers
Question: When did Tom Ricketts and Crane Kenney unveil plans for a five-year funded renovation of Wrigley Field?
Answer: 2013
Question: How much money has been funded to the renovation of Wrigley Field?
Answer: $575 million
Question: How big is the jumbotron going to be?
Answer: 6,000-square foot
Question: What nickname has been given to the fans who sit in the bleacher section at Wrigley Field?
Answer: Bleacher Bums
Question: Who heads the current group?
Answer: Derek Schaul
Question: What did Bud Light dub the bleacher section?
Answer: the Bud Light Bleachers
Question: What year did a group of Chicago Cubs fans form the Emil Verban Society?
Answer: 1975
Question: Where were the Emil Verban Society founders based in?
Answer: Washington, D.C
Question: Who currently heads the Emil Verban Society?
Answer: Illinois Senator Dick Durbin
Question: What year was the single "Hey Hey! Holy Mackerel! (The Cubs Song)" produced? 
Answer: 1969
Question: What was the name of the album several members of the cubs recorded?
Answer: Cub Power
Question: What did The Cubs Song incorporate?
Answer: the catch-phrases of the respective TV and radio announcers
Question: How many songs are on the Take Me Out to a Cubs Game album?
Answer: 17 songs
Question: When was Harry Caray's final performance of "Take Me Out to the Ball Game"?
Answer: September 21, 1997
Question: What film depicts the Chicago Cubs defeating a baseball team from Miami in the 2015 World Series?
Answer: Back to the Future Part II
Question: What team failed to make it to the playoffs in 2015?
Answer: Miami Marlins
Question: What day were the Cubs swept by the New York Mets in the NLCS?
Answer: October 21
Question: What caused the start of the Korean War?
Answer: North Korea invaded South Korea
Question: What country was divided at the end of World War II?
Answer: Korea
Question: Which country aided South Korea during the war?
Answer: United States
Question: When did the Korean War end?
Answer: 27 July 1953
Question: What part of Korea did the Soviet Union occupy?
Answer: north of the 38th parallel
Question: Who occupied Korea south of the 38th parallel?
Answer: U.S. forces
Question: What United Nation's committee considered the invasion of Korea to be an act of aggression?
Answer: United Nations Security Council
Question: How many countries assisted in the defense of South Korea?
Answer: Twenty-one
Question: At the beginning of the conflict, where were South Korean forces pushed back to?
Answer: Pusan Perimeter
Question: In 1950, what country got involved in the war?
Answer: China
Question: How many times did the control of Seoul change?
Answer: four
Question: On land, where was the last two years of the war fought?
Answer: close to the 38th parallel
Question: What type of combat was seen for the first time in the history of war?
Answer: air-to-air combat
Question: In, China what is the war officially called?
Answer: War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea
Question: What did Macau and Hong Kong call the Korean War?
Answer: Korean Conflict
Question: When is the term 'Chaoxian War' used as a name for the Korean War?
Answer: unofficial contexts
Question: Along with Taiwan, what empire was Korea considered to be apart of?
Answer: Empire of Japan
Question: Who was the colonial Governor-General that mandated cultural assimilation of Korea's people?
Answer: General Jirō Minami
Question: What language were the Korean people forced to learn?
Answer: Japanese
Question: What policy forced Koreans to change their names to Japanese names?
Answer: Sōshi-kaimei policy
Question: In 1939, what caused nearly 2 million Koreans to be forced into the labor force or the army?
Answer: Conscription
Question: How many Japanese forces were in Korea in 1945?
Answer: 300,000
Question: Where were 723,000 Koreans sent to work?
Answer: overseas empire and in metropolitan Japan
Question: Who did Japan collaborate with to help control the citizens of Korea?
Answer: Korean police force
Question: By 1945, what percentage of Koreans made up the Japanese labor force?
Answer: 32%
Question: What army were Korean men conscripted into?
Answer: Imperial Japanese Army
Question: What job were Colonels Dean Rusk and Charles H. Bonesteel III given?
Answer: dividing the Korean Peninsula
Question: What two areas was Korea divided into?
Answer: Soviet and U.S. occupation zones
Question: What order was the division of Korea included in?
Answer: General Order No. 1
Question: Who had to agree to the US's decision to divide Korea at the 38th parallel?
Answer: Stalin
Question: What was a factor in deciding where to divide the occupation zones?
Answer: the capital of Korea
Question: What was General Hodge appointed the head of?
Answer: United States Army Military Government in Korea
Question: What government was not recognized by the U.S. Army Military Government in Korea?
Answer: People's Republic of Korea
Question: Why was the People's Republic of Korea not recognized?
Answer: it was communist
Question: Who did General Hodge restore power to, resulting in protests?
Answer: Japanese colonial administrators
Question: What is the civil disobedience caused by the railroad worker's strike called?
Answer: the Autumn uprising
Question: When was the Daegu Uprising?
Answer: 1946
Question: How many people attacked the Yeongcheon police station?
Answer: 10,000
Question: When did the Pusasn railroad strike begin?
Answer: 23 September 1946
Question: How did the USAMGIK respond to the uprisings?
Answer: declared martial law
Question: What did the Joint Commission's lack of progress cause the US government to do?
Answer: hold an election
Question: Why did the Korean Communists and the Soviets refuse to cooperate in the elections and creation of independent Korea?
Answer: it would not be fair
Question: When was the South Korean general election held?
Answer: 10 May 1948
Question: What problems did the elections face?
Answer: terrorism and sabotage
Question: Who held parliamentary elections on August 25, 1948?
Answer: North Korea
Question: Who was elected president of South Korea on July 20, 1948?
Answer: Syngman Rhee
Question: What year was the Republic of Korea established?
Answer: 1948
Question: Who led the Russian Koran Zone of Occupation?
Answer: Kim Il-sung
Question: What two groups were excluded from the South Korean political process?
Answer: communists and leftists
Question: Who supported the Chinese Communists during the civil war in Manchuria?
Answer: North Korean government
Question: What two groups were fighting in the Chinese Civil War?
Answer: Chinese Communists and the Chinese Nationalists
Question: What did the Chinese Communists want?
Answer: supremacy in Manchuria
Question: What army did North Koreans serve in during the civil war?
Answer: Chinese People's Liberation Army
Question: How much material did the North Koreans give to the Chinese communists?
Answer: 2,000 railway cars worth
Question: When was the People's Republic of China created?
Answer: 1949
Question: What caused a problem within the Korean Communist Party?
Answer: Chinese support
Question: Who led the faction that challenged Kim-Il-sung?
Answer: Pak Il-yu
Question: Who did China pledge to support if a conflict should occur between North and South Korea?
Answer: the North Koreans
Question: What country did China see as a threat to the People's Republic of China?
Answer: Western nations
Question: Where was it believed that that fight against Communism would take place?
Answer: China
Question: To show their strength in the international Communist movement, what did China do?
Answer: promoted Communist revolutions
Question: Who did America support during the Chinese Civil War?
Answer: the Nationalists
Question: When did the Soviets first detonate a nuclear bomb?
Answer: 1949
Question: What treaty did Stalin and China enter into?
Answer: Sino–Soviet Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance Treaty
Question: What country did not prevent a Communist victory in China?
Answer: US
Question: Who was convinced that the US did was no longer interested in Korea?
Answer: Stalin
Question: Where did Stalin engage in an aggressive political strategy?
Answer: Asia
Question: Who had to agree to send reinforcements for Stalin to give permission for the invasion of Korea?
Answer: Mao
Question: Who did the Soviets not want to engage in conflict?
Answer: the Americans
Question: What concern did Mao have about the South Korean invasion?
Answer: the Americans would intervene
Question: Who needed Soviet financial and military aid?
Answer: China
Question: What did Mao's assistance allow North Korea to accelerate?
Answer: preparations for war
Question: Where did the conflict in South Korea begin?
Answer: Ongjin Peninsula
Question: What were the generals sent to North Korea collectively called?
Answer: the Soviet Advisory Group
Question: When did the generals finalize their attack strategy?
Answer: May
Question: Who rejected the peace gesture?
Answer: Rhee
Question: What did Kim Il-Sung do after the peace overture was rejected?
Answer: revised his war plan
Question: Why did Kim's war plan need revising?
Answer: South Korean agents had learned about the plans
Question: When did Kim Il-Sung call for the Haeju conference?
Answer: 1950
Question: What group trained the Republic of Korea army?
Answer: U.S. Korean Military Advisory Group
Question: What general had a lot of confidence in the Republic of Korea's army?
Answer: General William Lynn Roberts
Question: Who wanted to take over North Korea?
Answer: Syngman Rhee
Question: Who was the diplomat that visited Korea?
Answer: John Foster Dulles
Question: Who provoked a conflict by crossing the 38th parallel?
Answer: Korean People's Army
Question: Where did the fighting begin?
Answer: Ongjin peninsula
Question: Who claimed to have taken control of Haeju?
Answer: the South Koreans
Question: Who questioned the claim that South Korean did not provoke the KPA?
Answer: scholars
Question: Who was the Korean People's Army trying to execute?
Answer: Syngman Rhee
Question: Who, along with members of the South Korean government, fled South Korea?
Answer: Rhee
Question: What bridge were refugees attempting to cross when it was blown up by the South Korean Army?
Answer: Han River
Question: How many South Korean National Assemblyman pledged their allegiance to Seoul?
Answer: forty-eight
Question: What did South Korea do to cause members of the South Korean military unit to become trapped near the Han River?
Answer: blew up the highway bridge
Question: What day was the city of Seoul captured?
Answer: 28 June
Question: What country was believed to provide a counterbalance to China's and the Soviet Union's involvement in Korea?
Answer: Japan
Question: Which President decided to intervene after realizing that Japan's security would be affected by the hostility in Korea?
Answer: President Truman
Question: Why was South Korea important to the US?
Answer: US policy toward Japan
Question: What affected America's response to the situation in South Korea?
Answer: US policy toward Japan
Question: What was the Truman administration concerned about that was preventing them from getting involved in the Korean conflict?
Answer: Soviet reaction
Question: What agency approved the use of force in South Korea?
Answer: The UN Security Council
Question: Why did the US not send in ground troops after the United Nations approved the use of force?
Answer: advisers believed the North Koreans could be stopped by air and naval power
Question: Who believed that if the issues in Korea were not dealt with the communist aggression would spread?
Answer: Truman
Question: What resources did the US devote to South Korea after the Security Council approved engaging in an armed conflict?
Answer: air and naval forces
Question: Which permanent member of the UN Security Council boycotted council meetings in protest of Taiwan's seat in the United Nations?
Answer: Soviet Union
Question: What resolution encouraged Security Council Members to send military assistance to the Republic of Korea?
Answer: Resolution 83
Question: Who accused the United States of beginning an armed intervention in South Korea?
Answer: the Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister
Question: What did UN Security Council Resolution 82 accomplish?
Answer: condemned the North Korean invasion of the Republic of Korea
Question: Where did the intelligence information that led to the passage of Resolution 83 come from?
Answer: U.S. Intelligence
Question: What type of vote is required for the Security Council to commit to military action in Korea.
Answer: unanimous vote
Question: How many permanent members did the UN Security Council have?
Answer: five
Question: What charter did the US believe was violated by intervening in the Korean conflict?
Answer: UN Charter Article 32
Question: How many infantry divisions did N. Korea have engaged in the war?
Answer: 10
Question: What was the maximum number of North Korean troops engaged in the war?
Answer: 200,000
Question: How many reserve soldiers did North Korea have?
Answer: 30,000
Question: What type of naval ships did the South and North Koreans have?
Answer: small warships
Question: What was the problem with the ROK Army?
Answer: Army defenders were relatively unprepared and ill-equipped
Question: Who declined the ROK's request for tanks?
Answer: U.S. military
Question: In what country did the US maintain air forces and garrisons?
Answer: Japan
Question: Who reported that South Korea's military was not ready for combat?
Answer: R.E. Appleman
Question: Which Secretary of State did President Truman hold discussions about how the US would respond to the invasion of South Korea?
Answer: Dean Acheson
Question: The North Korean invasion of South Korea was compared to what event?
Answer: Adolf Hitler's aggressions
Question: What did the US not want to see repeated?
Answer: the mistake of appeasement
Question: The US involvement in the Korean War was important to achieving what goal?
Answer: the global containment of communism
Question: What report discussed the United States's goals for containing communism?
Answer: National Security Council Report 68
Question: Why was the US naval blockade not feasible?
Answer: U.S. Navy no longer had the warships
Question: Why was the US not able to provide an adequate response to the Korean invasion?
Answer: defense budget cutbacks
Question: Who was tasked with reorganization and deploying of the US military?
Answer: General Omar Bradley
Question: Who was forced to retreat back to the Pusan Peninsula due to unpreparedness?
Answer: American troops
Question: Who stated that winning the war does not excuse putting US troops into a bad situation?
Answer: Major General Floyd L. Parks
Question: What general provided material to the Republic of Korea and evacuated US nationals?
Answer: General MacArthur
Question: Who disagreed with the idea of unilaterally bombing the North Korean military?
Answer: President Truman
Question: What fleet was sent to the Taiwan Strait?
Answer: US Seventh Fleet
Question: Fearing the provocation of Communist China, what country's request for combat troops did the US deny?
Answer: Republic of China
Question: Who is the Chinese premier that called the actions of the US and the United Nations an act of aggression?
Answer: Zhou Enlai
Question: What battle is considered the US's first significant fight in the Korean War?
Answer: Battle of Osan
Question: Which infantry division was involved in the Battle of Osan?
Answer: 24th Infantry Division
Question: Where was the 24th Division forced to retreat to what location?
Answer: Taejeon
Question: At what Battle did the 24th Infantry Division suffer major losses?
Answer: Battle of Taejon
Question: In what country is the US's Task Force Smith located?
Answer: Japan
Question: How did the KPA hurt the Republic of Korea's intellectual core?
Answer: by killing civil servants and intellectuals
Question: Who was held responsible for the actions of the KPA?
Answer: Kim Il-sung
Question: Where did the Eighth United States and ROK get pushed back to?
Answer: southeast Korea
Question: What body of water provided a natural border to the UN command-controlled Pusan perimeter?
Answer: Nakdong River
Question: How much of Korea was under the control of the United Nations?
Answer: 10%
Question: Why did Zhou Enlai want a commitment the Soviet Union to commit to supporting the Chinese troops?
Answer: To counter a possible U.S. deployment
Question: Where did North Korea predict that MacArthur would enter Korea?
Answer: Incheon
Question: Who helped North Korea prepare for war by surveying the country?
Answer: Chai Chengwen
Question: Where did the Chinese military deploy troops in preparation for the arrival of US troops?
Answer: the Korean border
Question: Even though it was predicted that the Korean War would end in August, who was less than optimistic about the prediction?
Answer: Chinese leaders
Question: Which army was trying to capture Teague and the Naktong Bulge?
Answer: KPA
Question: What did the US Air Force's daytime attacks cause the KPA to do?
Answer: to hide in tunnels by day and move only at night
Question: Why did the Soviet Union complain about the action of the US to the UN Security Council?
Answer: aircraft mistakenly attacked facilities in Chinese territory
Question: Along with India, what other nation was to determine the how much the US would have to compensate China?
Answer: Sweden
Question: Why did India and Sweden never determine how much the US would compensate China?
Answer: the Soviets vetoed the US proposal
Question: What is Korea's largest port?
Answer: the port of Pusan
Question: Besides the United States, what other country sent military personnel to Korea?
Answer: Japan
Question: Who had the fewest number of troops in Korea?
Answer: KPA
Question: Who was able to counterattack and move the KPA away from the Pusan Perimeter?
Answer: UN forces
Question: Why did General MacArthur suggest an amphibious landing at Inchon?
Answer: To relieve the Pusan Perimeter
Question: Who did General MacArthur ask to plan the amphibious attack?
Answer: Major General Hobart R. Gay
Question: Where did the 1st Infantry deploy from?
Answer: Yokohama, Japan
Question: Why were KPA forces unable to adequately defend themselves against UN forces?
Answer: the KPA were undermanned and poorly supplied
Question: What Corps included 40,000 men from the 1st Marine Division?
Answer: The X Corps
Question: Who coordinated the efforts of the ROK Army, Marine Corps and the US Army to stage a successful battle?
Answer: General Edward Almond
Question: Whose nickname was 'Task Force Lynch'?
Answer: Lieutenant Colonel James H. Lynch
Question: What was the 106 mile push through enemy territory called?
Answer: the "Pusan Perimeter Breakout"
Question: Who was defeated near Seoul, Korea?
Answer: the KPA
Question: Who was sent to Korea to act as an advisor to Kim Il-Sung?
Answer: General H. M. Zakharov
Question: Why did Kim Il-Sung redeploy his military troops?
Answer: to defend Seoul
Question: Who was not being briefed on the operational plans or the number of troops in combat?
Answer: Chinese commanders
Question: When was it advised for North Koreans to attempt to defeat the opposing forces at Inchon?
Answer: if they had reserves of at least 100,000 men
Question: How many troops made it back to the KPA lines after retreating?
Answer: 25,000 to 30,000
Question: Who was held responsible for the defeat of North Korean troops?
Answer: Soviet military advisers
Question: Who reclaimed the Seoul?
Answer: South Korean forces.
Question: What city was left vulnerable by North Korea's quick retreat?
Answer: Pyongyang
Question: What memorandum stated the circumstances for engaging in conflict above the 38th parallel?
Answer: National Security Council Memorandum 81/1
Question: Who controlled the newly restored government of the Republic of Korea?
Answer: Syngman Rhee
Question: Who sent a message to MacArthur giving him the authority to proceed past the 38th parallel?
Answer: Defense Secretary George Marshall
Question: Who executed people who were believed to be loyal to North Korea?
Answer: ROK police
Question: What year did the executions stop?
Answer: 1951
Question: Who vowed to intervene if the US was to engage in conflict North of the 38th parallel?
Answer: China
Question: The tactics Zhou Enlai advised the North Koreans to use during their withdrawal was the same the Chinese used to escape event?
Answer: Chiang Kai-shek's Encirclement Campaigns
Question: Who believes that the North Koreans only appeared to fail to effective execute their withdrawal plan?
Answer: Bruce Cumings
Question: What may have been North Korea's goal in the way they rapidly withdrew from South Korea?
Answer: launch guerrilla raids
Question: Who's control did the Chinese Communists escape in the 1930's?
Answer: Chiang Kai-shek
Question: Who issued a statement calling for North Korea's unconditional surrender?
Answer: MacArthur
Question: Who authorized giving troops the ability to follow the North Korean forces north?
Answer: the UN
Question: How did the 187 Airborne Regimental Combat Team prevent North Korean leaders from fleeing?
Answer: cut the road north going to China
Question: How many North Korean prisoners of war were held by UN forces?
Answer: 135,000
Question: What did President Truman do to prevent hostilities between the People's Republic of China and Taiwan?
Answer: dispatched the United States Seventh Fleet to the Taiwan Strait
Question: What year did China decide to enter the war?
Answer: 1950
Question: What provoked China to join the war?
Answer: American aggression in the guise of the UN
Question: Where did Mao Zedong declare that he would intervene in the Korean conflict?
Answer: the Politburo
Question: What was discussed at the emergency talks held by Chinese leaders?
Answer: whether to send Chinese troops into Korea
Question: Who was a proponent for intervening in Korea?
Answer: Mao
Question: Who was Lin Biao replaced with when he declined to lead the Chinese troops in Korea?
Answer: Peng Dehuai
Question: Who convinced the Chinese leaders who were against entering the war that it was a good idea?
Answer: Peng
Question: What did Mao Zedong's reinvented PLA North East Frontier Force become?
Answer: People's Volunteer Army
Question: Where did Zhou travel with a Chinese delegation to convince Stalin to support China?
Answer: the Black Sea
Question: How long did the Soviet air force need to prepare to assist
Answer: two or three months
Question: Where did Stalin say he would allow the Soviet air force to operate for a limited amount of time?
Answer: Chinese airspace
Question: When did Stalin agree to send China any type of support?
Answer: March 1951
Question: Where did the fighting take place that rendered Soviet air support useless to the Chinese?
Answer: the south side of the Yalu
Question: What made seeing the PVA units difficult during the day?
Answer: their march and bivouac discipline
Question: What were PVA troops told to do when planes flew by?
Answer: remain motionless
Question: How many days did it take PVA forces to march 286 miles?
Answer: 19
Question: What were PVA officers supposed to do if troops disobeyed the security protocol?
Answer: shoot security violators
Question: When would PVA forces march to minimize the chances of being seen?
Answer: 19:00–03:00
Question: Who did not capture the city of Namchonjam?
Answer: KPA
Question: What was the capital city in the North?
Answer: Pyongyang
Question: Where did Kim Il-Sung temporarily move the capital?
Answer: Sinuiju
Question: What caused the North Koreans to move their capital for the second time?
Answer: UNC forces approached
Question: When was Pyongyang captured?
Answer: October 1950
Question: Where did President Truman and General MacArthur meet on October 15, 1950?
Answer: Wake Island
Question: Who refused to meet on continental United States?
Answer: General MacArthur
Question: What was President Truman told at this meeting?
Answer: little risk of Chinese intervention in Korea
Question: Who was not concerned about the idea of Chinese troops moving south into Korea?
Answer: General MacArthur
Question: What was believed would happen if the Chinese entered the conflict?
Answer: the greatest slaughter
Question: Who did the First Phase offensive motivated to send more troops and resources to Korea?
Answer: Soviet Union
Question: When did the Chinese and US military have their first confrontation in Korea?
Answer: 1 November 1950
Question: Where did UN forces retreat to when the PVA executed their sneak attack?
Answer: Ch'ongch'on River
Question: What is unusual about the PVA's successful, surprise attack?
Answer: Chinese unexpectedly disappeared into mountain hideouts
Question: Whose retreat during the Korean war was the longest in the history of the US Army?
Answer: U.S. Eighth Army's
Question: Whose actions helped the Eighth Army be able to retreat?
Answer: Turkish Brigade
Question: How many casualties did the 1st Marines face at the Battle of Chosin Reservoir?
Answer: 12,000–15,000
Question: What tactics of the PVA were US and ROK troops not prepared to handle?
Answer: PVA 9th Army Group's three-pronged encirclement tactics
Question: Who did the PVA 13th Army Group force out of northwest Korea?
Answer: the U.S. Eighth Army
Question: Whose death was not a direct casualty of the war?
Answer: General Walton Walker
Question: Why did the X Corps leave Hungnam?
Answer: to reinforce the badly depleted U.S. Eighth Army
Question: What effect did the death of General Walton Walker have on the troops?
Answer: UN morale hit rock bottom
Question: What was the name of the ship responsible for undertaking the largest rescue operation by a single ship?
Answer: SS Meredith Victory
Question: What did the Presidential Proclamation No. 2914, 3 1950 do?
Answer: declared a national emergency
Question: What year was the Presidential Proclamation lifted?
Answer: 1978
Question: Who was stripped of their commanding rights by China?
Answer: Kim Il-sung
Question: What country was condemned for their participation in the conflict in Korea?
Answer: China
Question: What is the Third Phase Offensive also known as?
Answer: Chinese New Year's Offensive
Question: Why goals were accomplished the the KPA and PVA's use gongs during these attacks?
Answer: facilitating tactical communication and mentally disorienting the enemy
Question: How did some UN troops react to the use of noise?
Answer: some soldiers panicked, abandoning their weapons and retreating to the south
Question: What did the PVA and KPA gain by using the tactics during the Third Phase Offensive
Answer: Seoul
Question: Who was commanding the U.S. Eight Army at the time of the Third Phase Offensive?
Answer: Lieutenant-General Matthew Ridgway
Question: Why was the PVA unable to advance beyond Seoul?
Answer: The PVA had outrun its logistics capability
Question: What caused General Ridgway to initiate Operation Roundup?
Answer: PVA had abandoned their battle lines
Question: What facilitated the success of Operation Roundup?
Answer: UN Command's air superiority
Question: What city was recaptured as a result of the Ridgway's operation?
Answer: Wonju
Question: How was the PVA transporting supplies at one point?
Answer: on foot and bicycle
Question: What to be achieved by the Sancheong-Hamyang and Geochang massacres in South Korea?
Answer: destroy the guerrillas and their sympathizer citizens in Southern Korea
Question: Who's attack resulted in victory at Hoengseong?
Answer: the PVA
Question: What is considered to be the the Korean War's equivalent to Gettysburg?
Answer: the Fourth Phase Offensive
Question: What did the French Battalion's efforts do to the PVA forces?
Answer: broke the attack's momentum
Question: How many PVA soldiers fought in this battle and lost?
Answer: more than 25,000