huutuan/long_squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Question: When Mary provided special counsel for Jesus, what name was she given?
Question: In which year was the Immaculate Conception dogmatized?
Answer: 1854
Question: Which pope was responsible for the dogmatization of the Immaculate Conception?
Answer: Pope Pius IX
Question: What does Theotokos mean?
Answer: Mother of God
Question: Where did Martin Luther preach a sermon on Marian devotion a month before his death?
Answer: Wittenberg
Question: For how many years were the Roman Catholic opponents adhering to the Marian decrees?
Question: What year did Martin Luther preach at Wittenberg?
Question: In what year did Martin Luther stop celebrating Marian feasts?
Question: With whom did Martin Luther argue about the veneration of Mary?
Question: Who criticized Luther for revering Mary and for blurring the line?
Question: On what date does the Catholic Church celebrate the Feast of the Assumption?
Answer: August 15
Question: What do Eastern Catholics call the Feast of the Assumption?
Answer: Dormition of the Theotokos
Question: On what date of the Julian calendar do Eastern Catholics celebrate the Domition of the Theotokos?
Answer: August 28
Question: How many Great Feasts does the Eastern Orthodox Church celebrate?
Answer: 12
Question: Do Protestants celebrate Marian feasts or not?
Answer: do not
Question: What is the name of the first Feast attended by Mary?
Question: When did Mary attend the Feast of Assumption?
Question: When did Mary attend the Dormition of the Theotokos?
Question: When Mary finished attending all of the Feasts, what were the Feasts referred to as?
Question: Who did Mary not get to go to Feast with?
Question: What rock was used as the source of blue pigment in paints in Medieval and Renaissance Europe?
Answer: lapis lazuli
Question: From which country was lapis lazuli imported?
Answer: Afghanistan
Question: Lapis lazuli was thought to be more valuable than which precious metal?
Answer: gold
Question: Which ancient empire is thought to have started the tradition of portraying Mary in paintings using the color blue?
Answer: Byzantine Empire
Question: What color does Mary like to paint with?
Question: What year did Mary visit the Byzantine Empire?
Question: What is the name of Mary's favorite stone?
Question: What country were the travelers from that brought Mary the lapis lazuli?
Question: What did Mary use to trade for the lapis lazuli?
Question: According to Nontrinitarian belief, what is Mary's relationship to Jesus?
Answer: biological mother
Question: Which Nontrinitarian theologian says that God cannot approach eveil spirits to redeem them?
Answer: Emanuel Swedenborg
Question: Unittarians, Christadelphians and Jehovah's Witnesses are examples of what kind of church?
Answer: Nontrinitarians
Question: "Mother of God" is an example of what kind of title?
Answer: Marian
Question: Why type of churches did Emanuel Swedenborg visit?
Question: Who did Mary recognize herself as?
Question: Which Nontrinitarian churches once acknowledged Mary as "Mother of God"?
Question: Whom did Mary give access to the evil heredity of the human race?
Question: By what name is Mary referred to in the Qur'an?
Answer: Maryam
Question: Which Sura in the Qur'an describes the visitation of an angel upon Zakariya?
Answer: 19
Question: In how many places does the Qur'an give detailed accounts of Mary?
Answer: two
Question: Which Gospel provides an identical account of the Virgin Birth as Sura 19 in the Qur'an? 
Answer: Luke
Question: Who was visited by an angel in Sura 19 of the Qur'an?
Answer: Zakariya
Question: Who wrote the detailed narrative accounts of Maryam?
Question: Who wrote the account given in Sura 19?
Question: How many accounts in the are written in the Qur'an about Mary?
Question: Who told Jesus that Mary would be the mother of Jesus?
Question: How many Gospel narratives are about Mary?
Question: What term is used to describe the belief that Mary remained a virgin for her entire life?
Answer: Ever-Virgin
Question: Which Latin father described the belief that Jesus' siblings were his cousins?
Answer: Jerome
Question: Which churches teach that Jesus' brothers and sister were step-siblings from a previous marriage of Joseph the Betrothed?
Answer: Orthodox Churches
Question: What document teaches that Jesus' brothers and sisters were older children of Joseph from a previous marriage?
Answer: Protoevangelium of James
Question: Which doctrine describes the belief that Mary remained a virgin, even though she gave birth to Jesus?
Answer: The Perpetual Virginity of Mary
Question: What is the name of the Latin father who is considered Jesus' cousin?
Question: What doctrine asserts Mary's real and perpetual virginity before the act of giving birth to Jesus?
Question: What is the term used for Mary before giving birth to Jesus?
Question: Who wrote the Protoevangelium of James?
Question: In Orthodox tradition, what comes next in precdence after The Theotokos in the order of the saints?
Answer: Angels
Question: What are hymns to the Theotokos called in Orthodox tradition?
Answer: The Theotokia
Question: In the liturgical sequences of the Eastern Church, who is placed next in prominence after Christ?
Answer: the Theotokos
Question: What is Mary proclaimed to be in the Orthodox tradition?
Answer: "Lady of the Angels"
Question: What do the Orthodox believe Mary remained to be before and after she gave birth to Christ?
Answer: a virgin
Question: Who did Mary proclaim that she was?
Question: What church did Mary give The Theotokia to?
Question: Who does the Virgin Mary say that she takes precedence over?
Question: What services did Mary perform in the Eastern Church?
Question: What is the mother church of the Angican Communion?
Answer: the Church of England
Question: Which church in the United States is associated with the Angican Communion?
Answer: the Episcopal Church
Question: What practice differentiates the Angican Communon from Protestant churches at large?
Answer: veneration of Mary
Question: What branch of Christianity does the Angican Communion fall under?
Answer: Protestant
Question: Who founded the universal authority within the mother church (the Church of England)?
Question: Which church in the United States did Mary give universal authority to?
Question: How many churches formed the Marian doctrines?
Question: Which church is both "catholic" and "Reformed", but also Protestant?
Question: For what practice did the first Protestants criticize the Roman Catholics?
Answer: venerating Mary
Question: In which century did the Council of Trent occur?
Answer: 16th
Question: Which Protestant churches still honor Mary?
Answer: Anglicans and Lutherans
Question: During which historical era did Protestant interest in Mary almost disappear?
Answer: Age of the Enlightenment
Question: Marian veneration became associated with which Christians after the Council of Trent?
Answer: Catholics
Question: In what century did Martin Luther honor Mary as the Mother of God?
Question: In which century was the Council of Trent ended?
Question: Which Protestant churches began honoring Mary before the 16th century?
Question: During what Age did Calvin and Huldrych Zwingli form the Council of Trent?
Question: Which doctrine about Mary do Methodists reject?
Answer: the Immaculate Conception
Question: Who was the founder of the Methodist movement?
Answer: John Wesley
Question: What are the sources of beliefs about Mary held by Methodists?
Answer: Scripture and the ecumenical Creeds
Question: The Methodist movement began in which church?
Answer: the Church of England
Question: Which Marian doctrine did John Wesley uphold in founding Methodism?
Answer: the perpetual virginity of Mary
Question: What group founded the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception?
Question: What country was the church in that John Wesley departed from?
Question: Who wrote the the doctrine of the Assumption of Mary?
Question: The Methodist movement ended in which church?
Question: Which prophet cared for Mary?
Answer: Zakariya
Question: What is understood to be the Holy of Holies in Islam?
Answer: Al-Mihrab
Question: Where did Mary reside in her chilhood?
Answer: the Temple
Question: What did God provide for Mary?
Answer: heavenly "provisions"
Question: Who did Mary reside in the Temple with?
Question:  Who gave Mary unique access to Al-Mihrab?
Question: Who provided Zakariya with heavenly "provisions"?
Question: Who dedicated Mary to Allah while she still in her mother's womb?
Question: Where did Mary's mother reside?
Question: Who suggested that Jesus was the son of a Roman soldier?
Answer: Celsus
Question: What was the name of the Roman soldier said by Celsus to be the father of Jesus?
Answer: Panthera
Question: Origen was a Church Father in which Egyptian city?
Answer: Alexandria
Question: In which century did Celsus suggest that Jesus' father was a Roman soldier?
Answer: 2nd
Question: For what purpose did detractors use the idea of Mary's virginity and the virgin conception of Jesus?
Answer: to challenge the divinity of Jesus
Question: Who suggested that Panthera was the illegitimate son Jesus?
Question: What century did Panthera become a Roman Soldier?
Question: In what Egyptian city did Origen visit his Church Father?
Question: In what Egyptian city did Jesus find the Roman soldier?
Question: Who was Celsus an illegitimate son of?
Question: What is the literal meaning of Theotokos?
Answer: Giver of birth to God
Question: Which branch of Christianity gives a diminished role to Mary?
Answer: Protestants
Question: What is Mary called in Islam?
Answer: Maryam
Question: What is the basis for Mary's diminished role in Protestantism?
Answer: brevity of biblical references
Question: Which two Protestant churches, along with the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches, believe that Mary is the Mother of God?
Answer: Anglican, and Lutheran
Question: Which other religion gives sainthood to Mary?
Question: Which church first considered Mary a saint?
Question: What other religious text do Protestants read?
Question: What other belief do believers of Islam believe?
Question: Which angel announced to Mary that she was to be the mother of the Messiah?
Answer: Gabriel
Question: What did Joseph plan to do when told of Mary's coneption in a dream?
Answer: divorce her
Question: Where did Mary live when she was visited by the angel Gabriel?
Answer: in Nazareth in Galilee
Question: In his dream, who told Joseph about Mary's conception?
Answer: an angel of the Lord
Question: What is the last stage of Jewish marriage?
Question: What angel did Joseph meet before he had the dream?
Question: Where was Joseph born?
Question: Where did Joseph live when he was visited by the angel Gabriel?
Question: Where was Joseph conceived?
Question: Until which century was the Virgin birth of Jesus held almost universally among Christians?
Answer: 19th
Question: What Hebrew word is used to describe Mary in Isaiah 7:14?
Answer: alma
Question: Which verse in Luke states that Mary had "no relations with man" before Jesus' birth?
Answer: 1:34
Question: Along with the Nicene Creed, which other Christian creed asserts the Virgin birth of Jesus?
Answer: the Apostles' Creed
Question: What century was the Apostles' Creed written in?
Question: When Isaiah spoke to Mary he called her by what Hebrew word?
Question: In what century did Mary fulfill the prophecy?
Question: Which creed was written by Isaiah?
Question: What is the Latin word from which Mary's title of Blessed is derived?
Answer: beatus
Question: How many Catholic dogmas are there regarding Mary?
Answer: four
Question: Along with Mother of God, Immaculate Conception and Assumption of Mary, what is the other Catholic dogma related to Mary?
Answer: Perpetual virginity of Mary
Question: What title did Mary give to the Catholic Church?
Question: Since Mary states that she is not divine, what teachings carry on her statements?
Question: Where does Mary send prayers to?
Question: How many Latin dogmas are there regarding Mary?
Question: What state was Mary in before giving birth to Jesus?
Question: How many of the Orthodox Great Feasts dedicated to Mary?
Answer: Five
Question: What is name of the Orthodox hymn devoted to Mary?
Answer: the Akathist Hymn
Question: Which event on the Orthodox calendar is related to Mary and icon veneration?
Answer: Sunday of Orthodoxy
Question: Who wrote the Akathist Hymn?
Question: How many of the of the twelve Great Feasts in Orthodoxy did Mary attend?
Question: On what day does the Mother of God allow icon veneration?
Question: How many Orthodox feasts are connected with the miraculous icons of the Theotokos?
Question: What does Mary also call Akathists?
Question: What is the name given to the Annunciation in the 1662 Book of Common Prayer?
Answer: Annunciation of our Lady
Question: On what date do most Anglicans celebrate the Visitation of the Blessed Virgin?
Answer: 31 May
Question: What is another name for the feast of the Presentation of Christ in the Temple in the Anglican Communion?
Answer: the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary
Question: On what date is the Presentation of Christ in the Temple celebrated by Anglicans?
Answer: February 2
Question: On what day was the Annunciation tradtionally celebrated in England until the 18th century?
Answer: New Year's Day
Question: When did Mary attain the special position within God's purpose of salvation as "God-bearer"?
Question: When was Jesus born of the Virgin Mary?
Question: On what day is the Presentation of Christ in the Temple?
Question: What year was the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary?
Question: Who brought Book of Common Prayer to England?
Question: Which theologian described Mariology as "the heresy of the Catholic Church?"
Answer: Karl Barth
Question: Protestants hold that Mary had what relationship to Jesus?
Answer: mother
Question: Protestants reject what practices in relation to the Saints?
Answer: veneration and invocation
Question: Protestants describe Mary as devoted to whom?
Answer: God
Question: How many pieces of Marian music did theologian Karl Barth write?
Question: How many of the Saints reject the Protestants?
Question: Mary stated that she was the mother of Jesus, but also referred to herself as?
Question: What feasts did Karl Barth attend?
Question: Who took the very first Marian Pilgrimage?
Question: Who do Christians believe is prophesized in Isaiah 7:14?
Answer: Virgin Mary
Question: What is the meaning of the Greek word "heos?"
Answer: until
Question: Which verse in Matthew is believed to refer to Isaiah's prohecy of the Virgin Mary?
Answer: 1:23
Question: Which Gospel writer provided a version of the virgin birth that was different than Matthew's?
Answer: Luke
Question: What is the English tranlation of the Greek word "parthenos?"
Answer: virgin
Question: Who knew Mary before she brought forth her first born son?
Question: Where did Philip first meet Joseph?
Question: Where did Matthew and Luke gather with the disbelieving Jews?
Question: What Biblical scholar currently believes that Mary was a perpetual virgin?
Question: What language does Biblical scholar Bart Ehrmam primarily speak?
Question: Who did Jesus say were his "brother, and sister, and mother?"
Answer: Whoever does the will of God
Question: According to Jesus, who is "without honor except in his own town?"
Answer: A prophet
Question: What do some Biblical scholars claim that Jesus' family did with his message during his ministry?
Answer: rejected
Question: Who had a conflict with Jesus and his family?
Question: Who did Jesus send a message to while he was standing outside?
Question: Who embraced his family according to the New Testament?
Question: What was Mary reading when she was standing outside?
Question: What is the term used for veneration of Mary in Roman Catholic theology?
Answer: hyperdulia
Question: In what year was the hierarchy of latria, hyperdulia and dulia established?
Answer: 787
Question: Who is venerated in the Roman Catholic practice of dulia?
Answer: other saints and angels
Question: Which theologian wrote that Mary is considered to be "superior to all created beings," but is not to be the object of worhip?
Answer: Sergei Bulgakov
Question: What is the Roman Catholic term used to denote the worship of God?
Answer: latria
Question: When did the the Second Council of Nicaea begin?
Question: When did the the Second Council of Nicaea end?
Question: What is the Ortodox term used to denote the worship of God?
Question: What is the Ortodox term reserved for Marian veneration?
Question: In what year did Sergei Bulgakov attend the Second Council of Nicaea?
Question: In what year did the Third Ecumenical Council occur in Ephesus?
Answer: 431
Question: Whose teachings were addressed at the Third Ecumenical Council?
Answer: Nestorius
Question: What does the phrase "Mater Dei" mean?
Answer: Mother of God
Question: What are the two Latin equivalents of the Greek term "Theokotos?"
Answer: "Deipara" and "Dei genetrix"
Question: What is the literal translation of Theokotos?
Answer: Godbearer
Question: In what year did Mary attend the Third Ecumenical Council?
Question: What is the name of the Council where Mary meet Nestorius?
Question: What language was spoken by Nestorius?
Question: What language was spoken by the Church Fathers?
Question: When did Mary meet the Church Fathers?
Question: On what date is the feast of the Immaculate Conception in the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church?
Answer: December 8
Question: Which pope proclaimed the Immaculate Conception of Mary?
Answer: Pope Pius IX
Question: In what year did Pope Pius IX make his Ex Cathedra proclamation of the Immaculate Conception of Mary?
Answer: 1854
Question: According to the doctrine of Immaculate Conception, where was Mary when she first become filled with grace?
Answer: in her mother's womb
Question: What is the Greek term that means the same thing as "original sin?"
Answer: ancestral sin
Question: On what day did Mary attend The Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church liturgical feast?
Question: When did Pope Pius IX become a Roman Catholic?
Question: What language, besides Latin, did Pope Pius IX speak?
Question: In what year did Orthodox Christians reject the Ex Cathedra?
Question: What book is considered to be the source of many Orthodox beliefs regarding Mary?
Answer: The Protoevangelium of James
Question: At what age was Mary consecrated?
Answer: three
Question: Which priest officiated at Mary's consecration?
Answer: Zachariah
Question: While Mary lived in the temple, who was said to have fed her?
Answer: an angel
Question: Who blessed The High Priest Zachariah?
Question: On what step of the altar did Mary place herself on?
Question: For how many years did Mary feed angels?
Question: Who wrote The Protoevangelium of James?
Question: How old was Mary when she traveled to Israel?
Question: According to Shabbir Akhtar, what role does Islam believe Jesus to hold?
Answer: a Messenger of God
Question: Who does the Islamic religion hold to be the One, Unique God?
Answer: Allah
Question: What term is used to refer to Christains by author Shabbir Akhtar?
Answer: People of the Book
Question: Who were the only children that could touch Satan?
Question: When did God remove the veil imposed between them (Mary and Jesus) and Satan?
Question: Who wrote that Allah is not above having a son?
Question: Who wrote the Catholic perspective on Mary's Immaculate Conception?
Question: Where in Jewish literature is the story about Panthera found?
Answer: the Toledot Yeshu
Question: According to the Blackwell Companion to Jesus, for what purpose was the Toledot Yeshu written?
Answer: warding off conversions to Christianity
Question: What is the meaning of the term "parthenos?"
Answer: virgin
Question: During what historical period was the Toledot Yeshu written?
Answer: medieval
Question: What event does Raymond E. Brown believe the Toledot Yeshu describes?
Answer: the birth of Jesus
Question: Who wrote the medieval document the Toledot Yeshu?
Question: Who wrote the story of Panthera?
Question: What affects how Jesus views his mother?
Question: In what century was The Blackwell Companion written?
Question: Who wrote The Blackwell Companion?
Question: How old was Mary when she met Joseph?
Question: Where did Mary first meet Joseph?
Question: How old was Mary when she conceived?
Question: Where was Mary born?
Question: What language did Mary speak?
Question: Where did Mary first meet the angel Gabriel?
Question: Where did Elizabeth first meet Zechariah?
Question: What language did Elizabeth speak?
Question: What did the angel Gabriel tell Elizabeth whom Mary was?
Question: Who did Jesus paint icons and carve statues of?
Question: Who wrote poems and songs for Mary?
Question: Which church first wrote the Mariological themes?
Question: Who do the saints compose poems and songs about?
Question: What airport serves Melbourne?
Answer: Melbourne Airport (also called Tullamarine Airport)
Question: What is the main metropolitan train terminus called in Melbourne?
Answer: Flinders Street Station
Question: What is the main regional train and coach terminus in Melbourne?
Answer: Southern Cross Station
Question: What city is known to be home to Australia's most extensive freeway network?
Answer: Melbourne
Question: What country has the world's largest urban tram network?
Answer: Australia
Question: What passenger airport serves Melbourne?
Answer: Melbourne Airport (also called Tullamarine Airport)
Question: What is the busiest seaport in Melbourne?
Answer: Port of Melbourne
Question: What is the name of the main metropolitan train terminus called in Melbourne?
Answer: Flinders Street Station
Question: What is the name of the coach terminus in Melbourne?
Answer: Southern Cross Station
Question: Who has the most extensive freeway network?
Answer: Australia
Question: What is another name for Melborne Airport?
Answer: Tullamarine Airport
Question: Which airport is the second busiest in Australia?
Answer: Melbourne Airport (also called Tullamarine Airport)
Question: Which port in Melborne is the busiest seaport for containerised and general cargo?
Answer: Port of Melbourne
Question: What is Melborne's main metropolitan train terminus?
Answer: Flinders Street Station
Question: Where is the world's largest urban tram network located?
Answer: Melbourne
Question: Between what year's did Victorian aboriginal groups dispossessed?
Answer: Between 1836 and 1842
Question: In 1844 how many Aborigines resident in squalid camps in Melbourne?
Answer: 675
Question: Who appointed five Aboriginal Protectors for the Aborigines of Victoria in 1839?
Answer: The British Colonial Office
Question: Who were the people that were power political and economic force in Victoria in 1845?
Answer: 240 wealthy Europeans
Question: How many Aborigines were said to be resident in squalid camps in Melbourne in January 1844?
Answer: 675
Question: How many Aboriginal Protectors for the Aborigines of Victoria were appointed in 1839?
Answer: five
Question: By what year did fewer than 240 wealthy Europeans hold all the pastoral licenses?
Answer: 1845
Question: During what years were Victorian Aboriginal groups largely displaced from their land?
Answer: Between 1836 and 1842
Question: How did Melbourne grow as major port for exporting the agricultural products?
Answer: gold mining
Question: What was protected by high tarriffs?
Answer: wool
Question: In 1863, why was Aboriginal population declining?
Answer: diseases, particularly smallpox, frontier violence and dispossession from their lands.
Question: By what year was the gold rush largely over?
Answer: 1860
Question: What was one of the major agricultural products of Victoria around 1860?
Answer: wool
Question: What were some of the reasons the Aboriginal population continued to recline?
Answer: introduced diseases, particularly smallpox, frontier violence and dispossession from their lands
Question: Which disease in particular caused the Aboriginal population to continue a decline?
Answer: smallpox
Question: The Aboriginal population declined by what estimated percentage by 1863?
Answer: 80%
Question: What is the second most populas city in Australia?
Answer: Oceania
Question: Where is the Metropolis?
Answer: large natural bay of Port Phillip
Question: What is the population of Melbourne?
Answer: 4,347,955 as of 2013
Question: What are inhabitants of Melbourne called?
Answer: Melburnians
Question: Which city is the capital of Victoria?
Answer: Melbourne
Question: Which city is the most populous city in Victoria?
Answer: Melbourne
Question: Melbourne consists of how many municipalities?
Answer: 31
Question: What was Melbourne's population in 2013?
Answer: 4,347,955
Question: What are the inhabitants of Melbourne called?
Answer: Melburnians
Question: What went into liquidation in Melbourne around the 1890's?
Answer: 16 small "land banks" and building societies collapsed, and 133 limited companies
Question: When did new construction start in Melbourne?
Answer: late 1890s
Question: When did Australia have a banking crisis?
Answer: 1893.
Question: During what decade did Melbourne suffer a sever economic depression?
Answer: early 1890s
Question: How many "land banks" and building societies collapsed during the 1890s depression in Melbourne?
Answer: 16
Question: How many limited companies went into liquidation during the 1890s depression in Melbourne?
Answer: 133
Question: The Melbourne financial crisis was a contributing factor to what banking crisis in 1893?
Answer: Australian
Question: When did new construction start to reimerge after the early 1890s depression in Melbourne?
Answer: late 1890s
Question: What term is given to the slums established on the souther banks of the Yarra?
Answer: tent city
Question: In what year was Melbourne Chinatown founded?
Answer: 1851
Question: Which ethninticities contributed an influx of interstate and overseas migrants to Melbourne?
Answer: Irish, German and Chinese
Question: Which community is the longest continuous Chinese settlement in the Western World?
Answer: Melbourne Chinatown
Question: During the second half of what century did the Burke and Wills expedition give an indication of immigration flows?
Answer: second half of the nineteenth century
Question: When was the first electric light installed in the Eastern Market?
Answer: 1881
Question: In what year was the first line of the Melbourne cable tramway system built?
Answer: 1885
Question: In what building was the Melbourne Internation Exhibition of 1880 held?
Answer: Exhibition Building
Question: What weather phrase has become part of local popular culture in Melbourne and concerns the city's rapid change in weather?
Answer: four seasons in one day
Question: What is the lowest temperature on Melbourne's record?
Answer: −2.8 °C (27.0 °F)
Question: On what date did the lowest temperature in Melbourne's records occur?
Answer: 21 July 1869
Question: What is Melbourne's highest temperature recorded?
Answer: 46.4 °C (115.5 °F)
Question: On what date was Melbourne's highest temperature recorded?
Answer: 7 February 2009
Question: What is the tallest tower in Australia?
Answer: Eureka Tower
Question: Which tower is Melbourne's second tallest?
Answer: The Rialto
Question: Is the observation deck in The Rialto currently opened or closed?
Answer: closed
Question: On which of Melbourne's banks is the Eureka Tower located?
Answer: Southbank
Question: What building is the tallest building in the old CBD?
Answer: The Rialto tower
Question: In what areas has major inner-city urban renewal occurred?
Answer: Southbank, Port Melbourne, Melbourne Docklands and more recently, South Wharf
Question: Melbourne has sustained the highest population increase and economic growth rate in any Australian city according to what organization?
Answer: Australian Bureau of Statistics
Question: How many years did Melbourne sustain the highest population increase and economic growth?
Answer: three
Question: What is generating high demand for housing in Melbourne?
Answer: high population growth
Question: Which of Melbourne's suburbs have seen significant brownfields redevelopment in recent years?
Answer: middle and outer-ring
Question: What types of surburban development did Melbourne policies promote?
Answer: medium-density and high-density
Question: Who was Melbourne named by?
Answer: the Governor of New South Wales, Sir Richard Bourke
Question: Who was Melbourne named in honor of?
Answer: the British Prime Minister of the day, William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne
Question: What year was Melbourne officially declared a city?
Answer: 1847
Question: What year did Melbourne cease in serving as the nations interim seat of government?
Answer: 1927
Question: Melbourne became the capital of what colony in 1851?
Answer: Victoria
Question: In what year did Melbourne set a target to reduce carbon emissions to net zero?
Answer: 2002
Question: By what year did Melbourne state it wished to be completely carbon neutral?
Answer: 2020
Question: Which city notably opted not to become carbon neutral in 2009?
Answer: City of Glen Eira
Question: Does Melbourne have one of the largest or smallest carbon footprints in the world?
Answer: largest
Question: Who is responsible for regulating pollution in Melbourne?
Answer: EPA Victoria and several local councils
Question: Who designed the Rialto Building in 1889? 
Answer: William Pitt
Question: Who designed the Winfield Building in 1890?
Answer: Charles D'Ebro and Richard Speight
Question: Which building was listed as the 13th tallest residential building in the world in January 2014?
Answer: Eureka Tower
Question: In what year was the Eureka Tower completed?
Answer: 2006
Question: How does Melbourne's skyline rank in terms of other skylines in Australia?
Answer: second largest
Question: Current central and northern Melbourne was explored by whom?
Answer: John Batman
Question: How many acres did John Batman claim to purchase?
Answer: 600,000
Question: How many elders did John Batman claim to have negotiated with?
Answer: eight
Question: On what date did Batman reach Melbourne?
Answer: 2 September 1835
Question: Which year marked the start of the private automobile's popularity increase?
Answer: 1945
Question: Do the Docklands, St. Kilda Road, and Southbank areas feature high-density or low-density forms?
Answer: high-density
Question: Is much of Melbourne's metropolitan area characterized as low-density sprawl or high-density sprawl?
Answer: low density
Question: When Victoria was established as a seperate colony, the need for what followed?
Answer: public buildings
Question: During what two decades were the Parliament House, Treasury Building, Victoria Barracks, State Library, and General Post Office commenced?
Answer: 1850s and 1860s
Question: Melbourne's weath was due in part to what event?
Answer: gold rush
Question: What type of work are The Mystery of a Hansom Cab, Monkey Grip, and The Slap?
Answer: novels
Question: What do the novels The Mystery of a Hansom Cab, Monkey Grip, and The Slap have in common?
Answer: set in Melbourne
Question: Where are Peter Carey, Germaine Greer, and Thomas Browne from?
Answer: Melbourne
Question: What occupation to Peter Carey, Germaine Greer, and Thomas Browne hold?
Answer: writers and poets
Question: Which phrase was coined by George Augustus Henry Sala during a visit to Melbourne in 1885?
Answer: Marvellous Melbourne
Question: In what year did the land boom reach its peak of development?
Answer: 1888
Question: In what year was a hydraulic facility established?
Answer: 1887
Question: In what year was the APA Building completed?
Answer: 1889
Question: What did Melbourne's hydraulic facilities help create that spurred high-rise developments?
Answer: elevators
Question: Melbourne is the world's most liveable city according to whom?
Answer: Economist Intelligence Unit
Question: For how many years has Melbourne been considered the world's most liveable city?
Answer: fifth year in a row
Question: Which city is referred to as Australia's cultural capital?
Answer: Melbourne
Question: What is one example of Australian contemporary dance?
Answer: Melbourne Shuffle
Question: How many of the top twenty high school sin Australia are located in Mebourne according to the Better Education ranking?
Answer: six
Question: According to the Toyal Melbourne Institute of Technology, how did Melborne rank as a top university city in 2008?
Answer: fourth
Question: How many public universities are located in Melbourne?
Answer: seven
Question: Is the University of Melbourne a public or private institution?
Answer: public
Question: Has there been a recent increase or decrease in international students studying in Melbourne?
Answer: rapid increase
Question: Which was the first new indoor mall in Melbourne?
Answer: Chadstone Shopping Centre
Question: What happened to many of the larger suburban mansions from the boom era?
Answer: demolished or subdivided
Question: Which two areas saw a significant renewal after the post-war period and significantly modernised the city?
Answer: CBD and St Kilda Road
Question: In what year was Melbourne the host city for the first Olympic Games held in the southern hemisphere?
Answer: 1956
Question: Previous to Melbourne, where were all Olympic games held?
Answer: Europe and the United States
Question: In what three years was Melbourne proclaimed the "World's Ultimate Sports City"?
Answer: 2006, 2008 and 2010
Question: Where did the National Sports Museum reopen in 2008?
Answer: Olympic Stand
Question: Which city is so far the southernmost city to host the Olympic Games?
Answer: Melbourne
Question: What was the first plan for the city in 1837 called?
Answer: the Hoddle Grid
Question: On what date did the official general post office open?
Answer: 13 April 1837
Question: What was the settlement originally named?
Answer: Batmania
Question: Was Melbourne more or less affected by the Late-2000s financial crisis in comparison to other Australian cities?
Answer: less affected
Question: Which market in Melbourne remained strong during the Late-2000s financial crisis and resulted in historically high property prices and rent increases?
Answer: property market
Question: After Melbourne, which were the next two fastest growing Australian cities in 2009?
Answer: Brisbane and Perth
Question: What is the name given to Melbourne's population strategy that was revised in 2008? 
Answer: Melbourne @ Five Million strategy
Question: Which two of the big four banks are headquartered in Melbourne?
Answer: NAB and ANZ
Question: Which city is Australia's second-largest industrial centre?
Answer: Melbourne
Question: Which south-eastern suburb is home to Nintendo's Australian headquarters?
Answer: Scoresby
Question: Melbourne is home to a research and development hub for which auto manufacturer?
Answer: Ford Australia
Question: In what two decades was the layout of Melbourne's inner suburbs established?
Answer: 1850s and 1860s
Question: In what year did the Melbourne Cricket Club secure possession of its now famous ground, the MCG?
Answer: 1855
Question: Around what year did Yarra rowing clubs and "regattas" become popular?
Answer: 1859
Question: In what year was the Melbourne Cup first run?
Answer: 1861
Question: What was the first public monumnet acquired in Melbourne in 1864?
Answer: the Burke and Wills statue
Question: What percentage of Melburnians speak only English at home?
Answer: 68.1%
Question: What is the second-most-common language in Melborne?
Answer: Chinese
Question: The Melbourne statistical division population has grown by how many people each year since 2005?
Answer: 70,000
Question: What factors make Melbourne more attractie than Sydney for overseas immigrants?
Answer: more affordable housing and cost of living
Question: Which type of weather fronts are responsible for severe weather such as gales, thunderstorms, hail, and heavy rain in Melbourne?
Answer: cold fronts
Question: What is Melbourne's Koppen climate classification?
Answer: Cfb
Question: Is Melbourne known for changeable or steady weather patterns?
Answer: changeable
Question: What is one cause for Melbourne's fluctuating weather patterns?
Answer: Melbourne's location situated on the boundary of the very hot inland areas and the cool southern ocean
Question: Which government project aimed to deepen Melbourne ports by dredging?
Answer: the Port Phillip Channel Deepening Project
Question: Why was the Port Phillip Channel Deppening Project subject to controversy and strict regulations?
Answer: fears that beaches and marine wildlife could be affected
Question: Up to how many cigarette butts enter the storm water runoff every day in Melbourne?
Answer: 350,000
Question: What initiative was launched in Melbourne in February 2010 as an effort to transition human society towards sustainability?
Answer: The Transition Decade
Question: What causes increased pollution and levels of bacteria such as E. coli to rise in the Yarra River and its tributaries?
Answer: septic systems, as well as litter
Question: Investment in what greatly accelerated the outward suburban sprawn and declining inner city population?
Answer: freeway and highway developments
Question: Which government sought to rapidly accelerate the modernisation of Melbourne?
Answer: Bolte
Question: The widening of what street helped to change the face of Melbourne into a car-dominated environment?
Answer: Hoddle Street
Question: Did the 1969 Melbourne Transportation Plan change Melbourne into a more car-dominated or tram-dominated environment?
Answer: car-dominated
Question: Did the rapid rise of motor vehicle ownership and highway developments lead to an increasing or declining inner city population?
Answer: declining
Question: Which rail station is Melbourne's busiest?
Answer: Flinders Street Station
Question: Which Melbourne rail station was the world's busiest passenger station in 1926?
Answer: Flinders Street Station
Question: During which financial year did the Melbourne rail network record its highest volume of passenger trips?
Answer: 2013–2014
Question: How often does the XPT to Sydney depart?
Answer: twice a day
Question: Which university maintains two major campuses in Melbourne and Geelong and is the third largest university in Victoria?
Answer: Deakin University
Question: What is the role of the DEECD?
Answer: 'provide policy and planning advice for the delivery of education
Question: Who oversees education in Melbourne?
Answer: Victorian Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (DEECD)
Question: Which Australian state was once known as the garden state?
Answer: Victoria
Question: Why is urban Melbourne divided into hundreds of suburbs?
Answer: addressing and postal purposes
Question: What is the range of Melbourne's dewpoint temperatures in the summer?
Answer: 9.5 °C (49.1 °F) to 11.7 °C (53.1 °F)
Question: Which suburbs usually are affected by relatively narrow streams of heavy showers?
Answer: eastern suburbs
Question: Is Port Phillip generally warmer or colder than the surrounding oceans and/or the land mass?
Answer: warmer
Question: Which act sets functions for Melbourne such as urban planning and waste management?
Answer: Local Government Act 1989
Question: From where does the Victorian state government operate?
Answer: Parliament House in Spring Street
Question: Contrary to other countires, are public transport, traffic control, policing, and education the responsibility of local or state government?
Answer: state government
Question: What are the dimensions of the Hoddle Grid?
Answer: 1 by 1⁄2 mile (1.61 by 0.80 km)
Question: Which edge of the Hoddle Grid fronts onto the Yarra River?
Answer: southern
Question: What is the name of a popular arcade located within the Hoddle Grid?
Answer: Royal Arcade
Question: Which railway station was the busiest in the world in the mid-1920s?
Answer: Flinders Street Station
Question: In what year was construction on the Flinders Street Station completed?
Answer: 1909
Question: On which street is the A.C. Goode House located?
Answer: Collins Street
Question: Who designed the A.C. Goode House?
Answer: Wright, Reed & Beaver
Question: What style of architecture is the A.C. Goode House?
Answer: Neo Gothic
Question: When was the first official Test cricket match played at the Melbourne Cricket Ground?
Answer: March 1877
Question: Where is the Australian Football League headquartered?
Answer: Docklands Stadium
Question: How many of the Australian Football League's teams are based in the Melbourne metropolitan area?
Answer: Nine
Question: Up to how many AFL matches are played each week in Melbourne?
Answer: five
Question: Which port is Australia's largest container and general cargo port?
Answer: The Port of Melbourne
Question: How far upstream to water taxis run along the Yarra River?
Answer: South Yarra
Question: How many shipping containers did the Port of Melbourne handle during a 12-month period in 2007, making it one of the top five ports in the Southern Hemisphere?
Answer: two million
Question: Which is Australia's busiest port?
Answer: The Port of Melbourne
Question: Where is Station Pier located?
Answer: Port Phillip Bay
Question: How many people are employed by the ICT industry in Melbourne?
Answer: 60,000
Question: What percentage of Australia's ICT workforce is imployed in Melbourne's ICT industry?
Answer: one third
Question: In 2008, Melbourne overtook what city with the amount of money that domestic tourists spent in the city?
Answer: Sydney
Question: How many international visitors did Melbourne have in 2004?
Answer: 1.88 million
Question: Domestic visitors spend about how much money in the city of Melbourne annually?
Answer: $15.8 billion
Question: Melbourne's population could overtake that of Sydney by 2037 or 2039 primarily due to what factor?
Answer: larger levels of internal migration losses assumed for Sydney
Question: According to the first scenario projected by the ABS, how soon could Melbourne overtake Sydney's population level?
Answer: 2037 or 2039
Question: In how many scenarios will Sydney remain higher than Melbourne in population beyond 2056?
Answer: two
Question: In what year did the Pavilion open?
Answer: 1841
Question: The Princess Theatre, Regent Theatre, and Forum Theatre are members of which of Melbourne's theater districts?
Answer: East End Theatre District
Question: Where are the Melbourne Recital Centre and Southbank Theatre located?
Answer: Southbank
Question: From what year does the Sidney Myer Music Bowl date?
Answer: 1955
Question: How many free-to-air television stations service Greater Melbourne and Geelong?
Answer: Six
Question: From where is C31 broadcast?
Answer: transmitters at Mount Dandenong and South Yarra
Question: What type of companies are Broadsheet and ThreeThousand?
Answer: Hybrid digital/print media
Question: What are Melbourne's two ice hockey teams named?
Answer: Melbourne Ice and Melbourne Mustangs
Question: In which river was the annual Race to Prince's Bridge held?
Answer: Yarra
Question: Where does the soccer club Melbourne Victory play home games?
Answer: Etihad Stadium
Question: Which basketball club in Melbourne plays in the NBL?
Answer: Melbourne United
Question: How many private vehicles travel Melbourne's 13,870 miles of road?
Answer: 3.6 million
Question: Which freeway spans the large Bolte Bridge?
Answer: CityLink
Question: Which freeway links Melbourne and Sydney?
Answer: Hume Freeway
Question: What have Postcode 3000 and Melbourne 2030 aimed to do?
Answer: curtail urban sprawl
Question: How many people did Carlton have per km2 between 2012 and 2013?
Answer: 9,000
Question: How many people did Fitzroy have per km2 between 2012 and 2013?
Answer: 7,900
Question: According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics as of June 2013, inner city Melbourne had a population density of how many people per km2?
Answer: 12,400
Question: Where are Dancing with the Stars, MasterChef, and The Block filmed?
Answer: in and around Melbourne
Question: Neighbours, Kath & Kim, Winners and Losers, Offspring, and Underbelly are examples of what kind of media produced in Melbourne?
Answer: Television shows
Question: Which national news-based programs are based in Melbourne?
Answer: The Project, Insiders and ABC News Breakfast
Question: Which city is known as the game show capital of Australia?
Answer: Melbourne
Question: Which airport is the city's main international and domestic gateway?
Answer: Melbourne Airport
Question: Which airport is the second busiest in all of Australia?
Answer: Melbourne Airport
Question: What are the only forms of public transport to and from the city's main airports?
Answer: Buses and taxis
Question: Which rail station was the world's busiest passenger station in 1927?
Answer: Flinders Street Station
Question: In the 1940s, what percentage of travellers used public transport?
Answer: 25%
Question: In 2003, what percentage of travellers used public transport?
Answer: 7.6%
Question: In what year was the public transport system privatised?
Answer: 1999
Question: What was the target percentage of public transport mode share that was set by the state government in 2006?
Answer: 20%
Question: Who owns Melbourne Water?
Answer: the Victorian Government
Question: Which is Melbourne's largest dam?
Answer: Thomson River Dam
Question: Where is the Thomson River Dam located?
Answer: Victorian Alps
Question: How much of Melbourne's water capacity is the Thomson River Dam capable of holding?
Answer: 60%
Question: Melbourne experienced rapid growth after 1851 due to the discovery of what?
Answer: gold
Question: Melbourne and which other regional cities became the wealthiest cities in the world during the Gold Rush era?
Answer: Ballarat and Geelong
Question: How much did Melbourne's population increase within months of the gold rush?
Answer: three-quarters, from 25,000 to 40,000 inhabitants
Question: By what year had Melbourne overtaken Sydney as Australia's most populous city?
Answer: 1865
Question: On what date was the first federal parliament convened?
Answer: 9 May 1901
Question: Where was the first federal parliament convened in 1901?
Answer: Royal Exhibition Building
Question: The Governor-General of Australia resided at the Government House in Melbourne until what year?
Answer: 1930
Question: Where was the federal parliament moved after 1927?
Answer: Canberra
Question: During which years did Melbourne experience an economic downturn?
Answer: 1989 to 1992
Question: Which city is the center of Australia's "rust belt"?
Answer: Melbourne
Question: The Australian Grand Prix moved to Melbourne from where?
Answer: Adelaide
Question: Which government in 1992 began a campaign to revive the economy?
Answer: Kennett
Question: Which body of water and township of the same name marks the border between Melbourne and Geelong?
Answer: Little River
Question: Little River marks the boundary between Melbourne and which city?
Answer: Geelong
Question: Little River marks the boundary between Geelong and which other city?
Answer: Melbourne
Question: Has Melbourne's air quality improved or declined since the 1980s?
Answer: improved significantly
Question: What factors deplete Melbourne water supplies?
Answer: Drought in Victoria, low rainfalls and high temperatures
Question: Which government announced a $3.1 billion Wonthaggi desalination plant in June 2007?
Answer: Bracks Government
Question: How many litres of water will the Wonthaggi desalination plant be capbale of treating per year?
Answer: 150 billion litres
Question: Which factors make Melbourne one of the moust vibrant destinations in Australia?
Answer: The climate, waterfront location and nightlife
Question: For how many years in a row has Melbourne held the top position in a survey of the world's most liveable cities?
Answer: five
Question: What is Australia's largest free community festival?
Answer: Moomba
Question: How many international overnight visitors came to Melbourne during the year ending March 2014?
Answer: just under two million
Question: How many domestic overnight visitors came to Melbourne during the year ending March 2014?
Answer: 57.7 million
Question: In what city was the world's first feature film shot in 1906?
Answer: Melbourne
Question: Why were films banned by Victorian politicans in 1912?
Answer: perceived promotion of crime
Question: What year were bushranger films banned by Victorian politicians?
Answer: 1912
Question: In what "lull" year was On the Beach filmed?
Answer: 1959
Question: What are the most common type of housing outside inner city Melbourne?
Answer: Free standing dwellings with relatively large gardens
Question: Is residential architecture in Melbourne defined by a single architectural style or an eclectic mix of buildings?
Answer: single architectural style
Question: Are townhouses, condominiums, and apartment buildings found more prevalent in the metropolitan area or outside the city?
Answer: metropolitan area (particularly in areas of urban sprawl)