huutuan/long_squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Question: Israel is ranked 1st in the world in what?
Answer: expenditure on Research and Development
Question: What companies built their first overseas research and development centers in Israel?
Answer: Intel and Microsoft
Question: When did United States begin to provide foreign aid to Israel?
Answer: 1970s
Question: What was Israel's debt surplus in December 2015?
Answer: US$118 billion
Question: Friday is considered what?
Answer: short day
Question: Several proposals have been raised to do what?
Answer: make Sunday a non-working day
Question: How many Nobel Prize-winning scientists has Israel produced?
Answer: six
Question: Israel leads the world in what research papers per capita?
Answer: stem-cell research
Question: How much is Israel's water technology industry worth?
Answer: $2 billion a year
Question: What's the largest desalination plant in the world?
Answer: The Ashkelon seawater reverse osmosis
Question: How much drinking water is produced by Israel's desalination programs?
Answer: 35%
Question: How many homes in Israel use solar energy for hot water?
Answer: Over 90%
Question: How much electricity does the country save per year?
Answer: 8%
Question: When did Better Place shut down?
Answer: 2013
Question: Futron's Space Competitiveness Index ranked Israel what in 2012?
Answer: ninth in the world
Question: When did Israel launch it's first satellite?
Answer: 1988
Question: How many buses have scheduled routes in Israel?
Answer: 5,715
Question: How much cargo do railways transport per year?
Answer: 6.8 million tons
Question: What is the country's main hub for international air travel?
Answer: Ben Gurion International Airport
Question: What is the country's oldest and largest port?
Answer: Haifa Port
Question: How many international airports are in Israel?
Answer: two
Question: How many tourists visited Israel in 2013?
Answer: 3.54 million
Question: What is the most popular tourist attraction in Israel?
Answer: Western Wall
Question: Life revolves around what in Israel?
Answer: Hebrew calendar
Question: Work and school holidays are determined by what?
Answer: Jewish holidays
Question: When is the Hebrew Book Week held?
Answer: June
Question: What is Israel's top literary reward?
Answer: the Sapir Prize
Question: Shmuel Yosef Agnon shared the Nobel Prize with who in 1966?
Answer: Nelly Sachs
Question: What Israel-Arab satirist is internationally known?
Answer: Sayed Kashua
Question: Who wrote the novel The Secret Life of Saeed the Pessoptimist?
Answer: Emile Habibi
Question: What Israeli orchestra has been in operation for more than seventy years?
Answer: Israel Philharmonic Orchestra
Question: What three internationally acclaimed musicians were born in Israel?
Answer: Itzhak Perlman, Pinchas Zukerman and Ofra Haza
Question: Who hosts its own international music festival every summer?
Answer: Eilat
Question: What the nation's canonical folk songs known as?
Answer: Songs of the Land of Israel
Question: What became a symbol of the Zionist reconstruction?
Answer: Hora circle dance
Question: What's a flourishing field in Israel?
Answer: Modern dance
Question: What internationally acclaimed violin virtuoso is from Israel?
Answer: Taiseer Elias
Question: Who was awarded first prize in the all-Arab oud contest in Egypt in 2003?
Answer: Darwish Darwish
Question: Who is the head of the advanced degree program in Arabic music?
Answer: Taiseer Elias
Question: What is one of Israel's most important culturural institutions?
Answer: The Israel Museum in Jerusalem
Question: What is an interactive museum on the campus of Tel Aviv University?
Answer: Beth Hatefutsoth
Question: What is the largest art museum in the north of the country?
Answer: Mishkan Le'Omanut on Kibbutz Ein Harod Meuhad
Question: Kosher restaurants make up what percent of total restaurants?
Answer: 25%
Question: What is pork often called in Israel?
Answer: white meat
Question: What styles of cooking has Israeli cuisine adopted?
Answer: Mizrahi, Sephardic, and Ashkenazi
Question: What common ingredients are in Israeli cuisine?
Answer: falafel, hummus, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar
Question: Schnitzel, pizza, hamburgers, French fries, rice and salad are also very common where?
Answer: Israel
Question: What is the country's premier football league?
Answer: Israeli Premier League
Question: What is the premier basketball league?
Answer: Israeli Basketball Super League
Question: When did the Israel national football team qualify to the FIFA World Cup?
Answer: 1970
Question: What were the last Asian Games that Israel participated in?
Answer: 1974 Asian Games
Question: What city has become a national chess center?
Answer: Beersheba
Question: Who won the Chess Cup in 2009?
Answer: Boris Gelfand
Question: What period saw the rise of New Comedy?
Answer: Hellenistic
Question: When was the Battle of Actium?
Answer: 31 BC
Question: When did Alexander the Great die?
Answer: 323 BC
Question: What period saw the rise of the Septuagint?
Answer: Hellenistic
Question: dd
Answer: Buddhism
Question: d
Answer: the Gre
Question: Where is the Ptolemaic Kingdom?
Answer: north-east Africa
Question: Where is the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom?
Answer: South Asia
Question: Where is the Indo-Greek Kingdom?
Answer: South Asia
Question: Where is the Kingdom of Pergamon?
Answer: south-west Asia
Question: When was the final defeat of the Ptolemaic Kingdom?
Answer: 31 BC
Question: Who was the Roman emporer?
Answer: Constantine the Great
Question: When did the capital of the Roman Empire move to Constantinople?
Answer: 330 AD
Question: What term defines the influence of Greek culture?
Answer: Hellenistic
Question: Where did the Roman Empire move to in 330 AD?
Answer: Constantinople
Question: Who wrote Geschichte des Hellenismus?
Answer: J. G. Droysen
Question: What does Geschichte des Hellenismus mean?
Answer: History of Hellenism
Question: Who wrote Culture and Anarchy?
Answer: Matthew Arnold
Question: What century did Hellenistic become a concept?
Answer: 19th
Question: In Culture and Anarchy, Hebraism is contrasted with what?
Answer: Hellenism
Question: How often did Greek population and natives mix?
Answer: not always
Question: What term implies that Greek populations were a majority in the regions they settled?
Answer: Hellenistic
Question: What is the earliest, most credible source of the Hellenistic period?
Answer: Polybius
Question: Where was Polybius from?
Answer: Megalopolis
Question: Where was Polybius forced to go as hostage?
Answer: Rome
Question: What years do Polybius books cover?
Answer: 220 to 167 BCE
Question: What League was Polybius a statesman?
Answer: Achaean
Question: When did Diodorus Siculus write Bibliotheca historica?
Answer: 60 and 30 BCE
Question: What battle marks the end of Diodorus Siculus' work?
Answer: battle of Ipsus
Question: Who wrote Parallel Lives?
Answer: Plutarch
Question: Where was Apprian from?
Answer: Alexandria
Question: Which writer outlined the history of important Hellenistic figures?
Answer: Plutarch
Question: When was the Peloponnesian War?
Answer: 431–404 BC
Question: What hegemoney replaced Sparta after the Battle of Leuctra?
Answer: Theban
Question: When was the Battle of Leuctra?
Answer: 371 BC
Question: When was the Battle of Mantinea?
Answer: 362 BC
Question: Which king lend the rise of Macedon?
Answer: Philip II
Question: When did King Philip the II annex Thessaly and Magnesia?
Answer: 352 BC
Question: Who annexed Thessaly and Magnesia?
Answer: Philip II
Question: When was the Battle of Chaeronea?
Answer: 338 BC
Question: Who formed the League of Corinth?
Answer: Philip
Question: Who was Philip II planning a campaign against when he was assasinated?
Answer: Achaemenid Empire of Persia
Question: Who was the leading calvary commander?
Answer: Perdiccas
Question: Who order the death of Meleager?
Answer: Perdiccas
Question: What city was partitioned to the generals who supported Perdiccas?
Answer: Babylon
Question: Who documented that Perdiccas' was under suspicion? 
Answer: Arrian
Question: Who was Alexander's sister?
Answer: Cleopatra
Question: Who was the leader in Asia Minor?
Answer: Antigonus I Monophthalmus
Question: Along with Antipater and Craterus, Antigonus I Monophthalmus invaded which region?
Answer: Anatolia
Question: Peithon, Seleucus, and Antigenes murdered whom?
Answer: Perdiccas
Question: Who did Antipater declar as his successor?
Answer: Polyperchon
Question: When did Cassander invade Macedonia?
Answer: 317
Question: Who ordered Eumenes' execution?
Answer: Antigonus
Question: Who sentenced Olympias to death?
Answer: Cassander
Question: How many talents did Diadochi steal from Ectabana, Persepolis and Susa?
Answer: 25,000
Question: Who defeated Demetrius Poliorcetes?
Answer: Ptolemy
Question: When was the Battle of Gaza?
Answer: 312 BC
Question: Who ordered the death of King Alexander IV?
Answer: Cassander
Question: What year did the Argead Dynasty end?
Answer: 310
Question: Which son did Antigonus send to regain control of Greece?
Answer: Demetrius
Question: When did Demetrius take control of Athens?
Answer: 307
Question: Who bestowed the title of king to Demetrius Poliorcetes?
Answer: Antigonus
Question: What battle did Demetrius Poliorcetes defeat the fleet of Ptolemy?
Answer: Battle of Salamis
Question: What region was fought over in the Battle of Salamis?
Answer: Cyprus
Question: Who saved Lysimachus in Phrygia?
Answer: Seleucus
Question: Who lost in the Battle of Ipsus?
Answer: Antigonus
Question: When was the Battle of Ipsus?
Answer: 301 BCE
Question: After Antigonus was killed, what region did Seleucus take over?
Answer: Cilicia
Question: After Antigonus was killed, what region did Ptolemy take over?
Answer: Cyprus
Question: When did Demetrius seize the Macedonian throne?
Answer: 294
Question: Who captured Demetrius?
Answer: Seleucus
Question: What year was Seleucus killed?
Answer: 281 BCE
Question: At what battle was Seleucus killed ?
Answer: Battle of Corupedium
Question: What was the capital of Seleucid Syria?
Answer: Antioch
Question: Alexander and Antioch were centers of what culture?
Answer: Hellenistic
Question: What leaders conquests widened the horizons of the Greek world?
Answer: Alexander
Question: What particular demographic emigrated to the new Greek empires?
Answer: young and ambitious
Question: When did Demetrius Poliorcetes capture Athens?
Answer: 307
Question: Who was Demetrius Poliorcetes' father?
Answer: Antigonus
Question: Athens allied with what region to eliminate Macedonian rule?
Answer: Ptolemaic Egypt
Question: When was the Chremonidean War?
Answer: 267-61
Question: What years did Cleomenes III rule?
Answer: 235–222 BCE
Question: In 222 BCE, Sparta lost what Battle?
Answer: Battle of Sellasia
Question: Who was defeated at the Battle of Sellasia?
Answer: Sparta
Question: What was Sparta's afilliation in the Peloponnese?
Answer: independent
Question: When was the Achaean League formed?
Answer: 280 BCE
Question: Byzantium, Chalcedon, Heraclea Pontica and Tium formed what league?
Answer: Northern League
Question: What system delegates military and foreign affairs to the central government and local affairs to the city states?
Answer: sympoliteia
Question: What league freed Corinth?
Answer: Achean
Question: What did Rhodians build to commemorate their victory over Demetrius Poliorcetes?
Answer: Colossus of Rhodes
Question: What period did Rhodes prosper?
Answer: Hellenistic
Question: What military force helped Rhodes maintain their independence?
Answer: navy
Question: What years were Rhodes under attack by Demetrius Poliorcetes?
Answer: 304-305 BCE
Question: What war did Antigonus II fight Athenians?
Answer: Chremonidean War
Question: What mines decreased in production under the Antigonids?
Answer: Pangaeum
Question: How large was the Macedonian army under the Antigonids?
Answer: 25,000 men
Question: Who taught Antigonus II?
Answer: Zeno of Citium
Question: Who did Antigonus II defend against?
Answer: Epirus
Question: Who took control when Doson died?
Answer: Philip V
Question: Which ruler had the last, best chance of uniting Greece?
Answer: Philip V
Question: What was Philip V known as?
Answer: the darling of Hellas
Question: When was the Peace of Naupactus?
Answer: 217 BC
Question: When did Philip form and alliance with Hannibal of Carthage?
Answer: 215 BC
Question: When did the First Macedonian War begin?
Answer: 212 BC
Question: When did the First Macedonian War end?
Answer: 205 BC
Question: How did the First Macedonian War end?
Answer: inconclusively
Question: Who defeated Philip?
Answer: Titus Quinctius Flamininus
Question: What years did Queen Teutra reign?
Answer: 231 BC to 227 BCE
Question: From where did Illyrians import there weapons and armor?
Answer: Ancient Greeks
Question: What type or ornamentation was featured on the Illyrians shilds and war belts?
Answer: Ancient Macedon
Question: What tribes inhabited the Balkan Coast?
Answer: Illyrian
Question: What tribe covered most of the republic of Macedonia?
Answer: Agrianes
Question: What region was the center of the Odrysian Kingdom?
Answer: Thrace
Question: Who used Thracians and Agrianes as light cavalry?
Answer: Alexander
Question: What fraction of Alexander's army was made up of Thracians and Agrianes?
Answer: one fifth
Question: What language was spoken by the Odrysians?
Answer: Greek
Question: Which kings wre among the first to be Hellenized?
Answer: Thracian
Question: Southern Italy and south-eastern Sicily were colonized by the Greeks in what century?
Answer: 8th
Question: Who was the leading figure in Sicily during the Hellenistic period?
Answer: Agathocles of Syracuse
Question: In 310 Agathocles invaded Tunisia and defeated what army?
Answer: Carthaginian
Question: In defense of Tarentum, when did Agathocles attack Italy?
Answer: 300 BCE
Question: How many inhabitants were in Massalia?
Answer: 6,000
Question: Who controlled Nice and Agde?
Answer: Massalia
Question: Massalia was the center of education according to whom?
Answer: Strabo
Question: When did Massalia side with Pompey?
Answer: 49 BCE
Question: Who ran the Hellenistic states of Asia and Egypt?
Answer: Greco-Macedonian administrators and governors
Question: Where did Hellenistic monarchs put most of the tax revenues?
Answer: military and paramilitary forces
Question: Who handed out gifts in the promotion of Greek culture and religion?
Answer: the monarch
Question: What type of estates did Hellenistic monarchs run their kingdoms?
Answer: royal estates
Question: Who were the small core in the Hellenistic states of Asia and Egypt?
Answer: Greco-Macedonian settlers
Question: When did Alexander die and Ptolemy assume his position?
Answer: 323 BC
Question: When did Ptolemy declare himself King Ptolemy I?
Answer: 305 BC
Question: What nickname did Rhodians give Ptolemy?
Answer: Soter
Question: Where did Ptolemy settle his most of his veterans?
Answer: Faiyum
Question: Whose tradition did Ptolemy take on as leader of Egypt?
Answer: Egyptian Pharaohs
Question: What god did Ptolemy I create?
Answer: Serapis
Question: Cyprus and Cyrene were run by whom?
Answer: strategoi
Question: By using a central government that taxes heavily, Ptolemy ran his country akin to which bureaucracy?
Answer: Ancient Egyptian
Question: Apis and Osiris combined to make which god?
Answer: Serapis
Question: The Syrian was were fought between Ptolemy II and whom?
Answer: the Seleucids
Question: What region was fought for during the Syrian wars?
Answer: Coele-Syria
Question: Who won the great battle of Raphia?
Answer: Ptolemy IV
Question: When was the great battle of Raphia?
Answer: 217 BCE
Question: Who did Ptolemy IV defeat in the great battle of Raphia?
Answer: Seleucids
Question: Till what year did Ptolemy's family rule Egypt?
Answer: 30 BC
Question: All the male rulers of Egypt took what name during the Ptolemy dynasty?
Answer: Ptolemy
Question: Cleopatra, Arsinoe or Berenice were common names for whom?
Answer: Ptolemaic queens
Question: Who was the last and most famous queen of the Ptolemy dynasty?
Answer: Cleopatra VII
Question: How did Cleoptra die?
Answer: suicide
Question: After Alexander's empire was split, what region did Seleucus I Nicator receive?
Answer: Babylonia
Question: Pergamum was led by whom when they defeated a Seleucid army?
Answer: Eumenes I
Question: Who defied his father Seleucus I, and set up a religous cult?
Answer: Antiochus I
Question: What was the name of Seleucus II brother, whom he fought in civil war?
Answer: Antiochus Hierax
Question: Who ultimately defeated Seleucid Anatolia?
Answer: Attalus I
Question: The Seleucid Empire was mostly dominated by whom?
Answer: Greco-Macedonian political elite
Question: What are Seleucid garrisons called?
Answer: choria
Question: What are Seleucid military colonies called?
Answer: katoikiai
Question: Who defeated Antiochus III at Raphia?
Answer: Ptolemy IV
Question: What year did Ptolemy IV die?
Answer: 204
Question: Which officer took control of Pergamum in 282 BC?
Answer: Philetaerus
Question: Who did Philetaerus declare himself loyal to?
Answer: Seleucus I
Question: Attalus I was a strong ally of Rome and which ruler?
Answer: Philip V of Macedon
Question: Where was the library of Pergamum located?
Answer: Pergamon
Question: What depicts the Gigantomachy on the acropolis of the city?
Answer: Pergamum Altar
Question: Where did the Celts who settled in Galatia pass through?
Answer: Thrace
Question: What battle did the Celts lose to Seleucus I?
Answer: battle of the Elephants
Question: What famous statue signified the victory of the Greeks over a worthy enemy?
Answer: Dying Gaul
Question: What century did the Galatians become allies of Antiochus the Great?
Answer: 2nd century BC
Question: Who sent Gnaeus Manlius Vulso on an expedition against the Galatians?
Answer: Rome
Question: Who were a Thracian people living in northwest Anatolia?
Answer: The Bithynians
Question: King Bas defeated which general of Alexander?
Answer: Calas
Question: Who assumed the title of king from Bas?
Answer: Zipoetes I
Question: When did Zipoetes I assume the role of king?
Answer: 297 BCE
Question: Who founded Nicomedia?
Answer: Nicomedes I
Question: When did Stratonice marry Ariarathes III?
Answer: 255 B.C.
Question: Who was Stratonice's father?
Answer: Antiochus II
Question: Cappadocia began it's realtionship with Rome under whom?
Answer: Ariarathes IV
Question: What year was Ariarathes V defeated?
Answer: 130 BCE
Question: What kingdom was Hellenistic and on the southern coast of the Black Sea?
Answer: Pontus
Question: Who founded the Kingdom of Pontus?
Answer: Mithridates I
Question: When was the Kingdom of Pontus founded?
Answer: 291 BC
Question: When was the Kingdom of Pontus taken over by the Roman Republic?
Answer: 63 BC
Question: What was the official language of the Kingdom of Pontus during the reign of Mithridates VI Eupator?
Answer: Greek
Question: Who ruled when the Kingdom of Pontus' was at it's biggest?
Answer: Mithridates VI
Question: Who called themselves King Mithridates Eupator Dionysus?
Answer: Mithridates VI
Question: What hairstyle did Mithridates IV copy from Alexander?
Answer: anastole
Question: Who did the Macedoniankings claim Mithridates IV descended from?
Answer: Herakles
Question: Pontus was defeated in what wars?
Answer: Mithridatic
Question: Orontid Armenia was given to Alexander the Great after he took control of what area?
Answer: Persia
Question: Who did Alexander apoint to govern Armenia?
Answer: Mithranes
Question: Armenia became a vassal state of what Empire?
Answer: Seleucid
Question: What year did Armenia split into Greater Armenia and Armenia Sophene?
Answer: 212 BC
Question: Who attacked Armenia when they became too distant from Seleucid rule?
Answer: Antiochus III the Great
Question: When did the Seleucid defeat the Battle of Magnesia?
Answer: 190 BC
Question: Who was the first king of Artaxiad dynasty of Armenia?
Answer: Artaxias
Question: Artaxian coins called some Armenian kings what?
Answer: Philhellenes
Question: What years did Tigranes the Great reign?
Answer: 95–55 BC
Question: Which Tigranes successor composed Greek tragedies?
Answer: Artavasdes II
Question: When did Andragoras' reign end?
Answer: 238 BCE
Question: Who killed Andragoras?
Answer: Arsaces
Question: What tribe was Arsaces the leader of?
Answer: Parni
Question: When did Antiochus III regain territory from Arsaces II?
Answer: 209 BC
Question: The Seleucids invaded Mesopotamia under whose guidance?
Answer: Antiochus VII Sidetes
Question: Who was Antiochus VII Sidetes killed by which army?
Answer: Parthian
Question: What years were the Roman–Parthian Wars?
Answer: 66 BC – 217 AD
Question: What was the currency in the Parthian Empire?
Answer: Greek drachmas
Question: The Parthian Empire worshipped Greek Gods and what other cultures deities?
Answer: Iranian
Question: What Arab State lied between the Sinai Peninsula and the Arabian Peninsula?
Answer: Nabatean Kingdom
Question: What was the capital of the Nabatean Kingdom?
Answer: Petra
Question: Who allied with the Nabatean Kingdom to fight against the Seleucids?
Answer: Hasmoneans
Question: Under whose reign did Nabatean culture begin to show Greek influence?
Answer: Aretas III Philhellene
Question: What century did Aretas III Philhellene reign?
Answer: 1st
Question: What are was in between the Seleucid Empire and Ptolemaic Egypt during Hellenistic times?
Answer: Judea
Question: Judea was ruled by whom during the Hellenistic period?
Answer: High Priest of Israel
Question: What religion rose in Judea durring the Hellenistic period?
Answer: Judaism
Question: Hellenistic Judaism was developed in Alexandria and what other region?
Answer: Antioch
Question: Judea was brought into the Seleucid empire by which leader?
Answer: Antiochus III
Question: When did Jerusalem fall to Antiochus III?
Answer: 198
Question: What victorious uprising is celebrated in the Jewish festival Hanukkah?
Answer: Maccabean Revolt of Judas Maccabeus
Question: What years were the Maccabean Revolt of Judas Maccabeus?
Answer: 174–135 BCE
Question: What independent kingdom was formed out of the Maccabean Revolt of Judas Maccabeus?
Answer: Hasmonaean Dynasty
Question: What years did the Hasmonaean Dynasty exist?
Answer: 165 BCE to 63 BCE
Question: Who was the last Hasmonean ruler?
Answer: Antigonus II Mattathias
Question: Who was Antigonus II Mattathias captured by?
Answer: Herod
Question: When was Antigonus II Mattathias executed?
Answer: 37 BCE
Question: Bactria was led by what king from 255-246 BCE?
Answer: Diodotus
Question: When was Diodotus II overthrown?
Answer: 230 BC
Question: What leader overthrew Diodotus II?
Answer: Euthydemus
Question: The Greco-Bactrian kingdom was invaded by what Seleucid leader?
Answer: Antiochus III
Question: Antiochus III married his daughter off to whose son?
Answer: Euthydemus
Question: Who stated that the Greco-Bactrians had connections through the silk road?
Answer: Strabo
Question: When did Demetrius, son of Euthydemus invade north-western India?
Answer: 180 BC
Question: Whose death signifies the beginning of confusing documentation of Greco-Bactrian history?
Answer: Demetrius
Question: Who was the last Greek to clearly rule Bactria?
Answer: Heliocles
Question: Who was the first Indo-Greek king who did not rule from Bactria?
Answer: Apollodotus I
Question: Who succeeded or ruled alongside Apollodotus I?
Answer: Antimachus II
Question: Who succeeded Antimachus II?
Answer: Menander I
Question: What religion did Menander I convert to?
Answer: Buddhism
Question: What was Menander I refered to by in Buddhist texts?
Answer: Milinda
Question: What kingdom forced the Indo-Greek kingdom to the east?
Answer: Indo-Scythian
Question: Around 70 BC, Arachosia and what other region where taken over by tribal invasion?
Answer: Paropamisadae
Question: I couldn't could up with another question. But i need to fill this space because I can't submit the hit. 
Answer: in
Question: What does "sarvajnaa yavanaa" mean?
Answer: the all-knowing Yavanas
Question: Who said "The Yavanas, O king, are all-knowing; the Suras are particularly so."?
Answer: The Mahabharata
Question: Who wrote the Brihat-Samhita?
Answer: Varahamihira
Question: Who said "The mlecchas are wedded to the creations of their own fancy."
Answer: The Mahabharata
Question: Who said "The Greeks, though impure, must be honored since they were trained in sciences and therein, excelled others...."
Answer: Varahamihira
Question: What period was Hellenistic culture at it's height?
Answer: Hellenistic
Question: Even though some regions were not ruled by Greeks, they still were influenced by which culture?
Answer: Hellenistic
Question: Hellenism or Philhellenism reached the frontiers of what kingdom?
Answer: Hellenistic
Question: Before Hellenestic influence, Greek colonies were on the shores of the Taman and what other peninsula?
Answer: Crimean
Question: What kingdom under the Spartocid dynasty consisted of Maeotians, Thracians, Crimean Scythians and Cimmerians?
Answer: Bosporan
Question: Which Scythian people with the Bosporans have strong trade contacts with?
Answer: Pontic-Caspian steppe
Question: From whom did the Scythians of Central Asia discover Hellenistic culture?
Answer: Greeks of Bactria
Question: Hellenized Scythians were known as?
Answer: young Scythians
Question: Where was the central point of pearl trading?
Answer: Bahrain
Question: Which of Alexanders commanders were the first to visit Bahrain?
Answer: Nearchus
Question: Alexander planned to colonized the eastern bank of the Persian Gulf with what ethnicity of colonist?
Answer: Greek
Question: Tylos worshipped Zeus in the form of what Arabian sun-god?
Answer: Shams
Question: What Hellenistic practices heavily influenced Carthaginian culture?
Answer: military
Question: Who reformed the military in Carthage in 550 BCE?
Answer: Mago I of Carthage
Question: What Greek style was the core of Carthage's military?
Answer: phalanx
Question: What Spartan mercenary helped reform Carthage's military?
Answer: Xanthippus of Carthage
Question: Greek cities were absorbed by what republic?
Answer: Roman
Question: Rome fought against the Carthaginians in what war?
Answer: First Punic War
Question: Sicily was won by whom in the First Punic war?
Answer: Romans
Question: Illyrian pirates caused two wars in the Balkans with what Empire?
Answer: Roman
Question: What king of Macedon aided the pirate Demetrius of Pharos?
Answer: Philip V
Question: Hannibal defeated whom at the Battle of Cannae?
Answer: the Romans
Question: When was the Battle of Cannae?
Answer: 216 BC
Question: In what war was the Battle of Cannae?
Answer: Second Punic War
Question: In what region did the Romans aim to re-bolster the influence after the Second Punic war?
Answer: the Balkans
Question: Whose refusal to end wars with Attalid Pergamum and Rhodes led to the Second Macedonian War?
Answer: Philip
Question: What year did the Second Macedonian War begin?
Answer: 200 BC
Question: What battle signaled the end to the Second Macedonian War?
Answer: Battle of Cynoscephalae
Question: What empire won the Second Macedonian War?
Answer: Roman
Question: Antiochus III allied with what king in 203 BC?
Answer: Philip V
Question: Who defeated Ptolemy?
Answer: Antiochus
Question: In what war was Ptolemy defeated?
Answer: Fifth Syrian War
Question: What war bgean when Antiochus III invaded Greece?
Answer: Roman-Syrian War
Question: What years did the Roman-Syrian war take place?
Answer: 192–188 BC
Question: What was the name of Philip V's son who wanted to bring back Greek independence?
Answer: Perseus
Question: Perseus fought the Romans in what war?
Answer: Third Macedonian War
Question: When was Macedonia annexed by the Romans?
Answer: 146 BC
Question: Which Roman consul defeated the Greeks at Corinth?
Answer: Lucius Mummius
Question: When did the Greek peninsula become a Roman protectorate?
Answer: 146 BC
Question: Who was the final king of the Attalid dynasty?
Answer: Attalus III
Question: When did Attalus III die?
Answer: 133 BC
Question: Who willed Pergamum to the Roman Republic?
Answer: Attalus III
Question: In what year was the final Greek resistance?
Answer: 88 BC
Question: Who led the final Greek resistance?
Answer: Mithridates of Pontus
Question: Who tried to invade Egypt in the famous line-in-the-sand incident?
Answer: Antiochus IV Epiphanes
Question: Which Roman proconsul ablished the Seleucid rump state?
Answer: Pompey the Great
Question: Who was the last Ptolemaic monarch?
Answer: Cleopatra VII
Question: At what battle was Mark Anthony defeated?
Answer: Battle of Actium
Question: What region did Augustus take on as his personal fiefdom?
Answer: Egypt
Question: Who is most responsible for the preservation of Hellenistic culture?
Answer: Hellenistic Greeks
Question: What museum and ilbrary was the center of Hellenistic culture conservation?
Answer: Alexandria
Question: Where did most of the great literary figures of the Hellenistic period study?
Answer: Alexandria
Question: What library was estimated to have 700,000 volumes?
Answer: Library of Alexandria
Question: Which city became a major center of book production?
Answer: Pergamon
Question: What island has a famous finishing school for diplomacy and politics?
Answer: Rhodes
Question: What replaced Babylon as the metropolis of the lower Tigris?
Answer: Seleucia
Question: Philip II and Alexander's court army spoke a version of what language?
Answer: Attic Greek
Question: Attic Greek developed into what lingua franca?
Answer: Koine
Question: Ai-Khanoum was situated on what kind of routes?
Answer: trade
Question: The practice of identifying local gods with Greek deities is called what?
Answer: Interpretatio graeca
Question: Who wrote the story of Crassus?
Answer: Plutarch
Question: Crassus' head is used a prop in what performance?
Answer: The Bacchae
Question: A 35 row theater at the edge of Bactria was found in what region?
Answer: Ai-Khanoum
Question: Who led Hellenization practices by founding new Greek cities and colonies?
Answer: Alexander
Question: Susa weddings were an example of how Alexander mixed Greek culture with what other culture?
Answer: Persian
Question: Who bitterly resented Alexander's pragmatic approach of selecting his military?
Answer: the Macedonians
Question: Alexander suffered from what mental disorder?
Answer: megalomania
Question: Native populations in the Hellenistic world were discriminated by what peoples?
Answer: Greek
Question: Hellinistic Gymnasiums could only be used by whom?
Answer: Greeks
Question: What are the areas of concentration from where Greek culture eminates?
Answer: highly localized
Question: What percent of the Seleucid empire were comprised of native elites?
Answer: 2.5
Question: Egyptianized Greeks in the Ptolemaic kingdom started to exist by which century?
Answer: 2nd
Question: Greeks adopted what from local cultures?
Answer: customs
Question: A colonist far from the Mediterranean and low in social rank would be more likely to do what?
Answer: adopt local ways
Question: Greco-Macedonian elites remained commited to what culture?
Answer: Greek
Question: Who did Greeks look down upon?
Answer: non-Greeks
Question: Who was the first Ptolemaic ruler to learn the Egyptian language?
Answer: Cleopatra VII
Question: Zeus was paired with which local god?
Answer: Ammon
Question: Aphrodite was paired with which local god?
Answer: Hagne
Question: Isis was paired with what local god?
Answer: Demeter
Question: What practice did the Ptolemies adopt in which they dubbed themselves god-kings?
Answer: Pharaonic
Question: What theism is practice of putting your self on the level of gods?
Answer: isotheism
Question: A long lived cult in Erythrae worshiped which dead leader?
Answer: Alexander
Question: Where was Alexander's tomb located?
Answer: Alexandria
Question: The Hellinistic age marked the rise in what type of religion?
Answer: traditional
Question: Who declared the centrality of humanity and agnosticism?
Answer: Sophists
Question: What is the view "that the gods were simply ancient kings and heroes" called?
Answer: Euhemerism
Question: Who thought that gods were distant and uninterested?
Answer: Epicurus
Question: Rulers brought the concept of divinity to where?
Answer: down to earth
Question: How would people ward off misfortune in Hellenistic times?
Answer: charms
Question: What is the complex system based on the sun, moon, and planets movements that determine your personality?
Answer: astrology
Question: Astrology was associated with which cult?
Answer: Tyche
Question: What does Tyche mean?
Answer: luck
Question: What was the trajectory of Astrology during Hellenistic times?
Answer: grew
Question: Menander is one of the few remaining pieces of what time of liteary work?
Answer: New Comedy
Question: What is the only play that remains in it's entirety from the New Comedy era?
Answer: Dyskolos
Question: What is the name of the collection that holds fragments of works from 150 authors?
Answer: The Supplementum Hellenisticum
Question: What two years are debated as the date in which Menander was born?
Answer: 342/1 BCE
Question: Who wrote hymns equating Ptolemy II to Zeus and Apollo?
Answer: Callimachus
Question: Who said "Big book, big evil"?
Answer: Callimachus
Question: What was the name of Callimachus' catalog at the library of Alexandria?
Answer: Pinakes
Question: Who wrote Argonautica?
Answer: Apollonius of Rhodes
Question: What does ataraxia mean?
Answer: un-disturbedness
Question: What does autarky mean?
Answer: self-sufficiency
Question: What does apatheia mean?
Answer: freedom from suffering
Question: Who said social norms and material possesions were unnatural and useless?
Answer: Diogenes of Sinope
Question: Which group embraced hedonism?
Answer: Cyrenaics
Question: Who founded Stoicism?
Answer: Zeno of Citium
Question: Who rejected Academic Skepticism in favor of Neoplatonism?
Answer: Antiochus of Ascalon
Question: The Royal patrons of Alexander's successors supported what type of science?
Answer: Hellenistic
Question: What city was especially important to Hellinistic science?
Answer: Alexandria
Question: What century did Alexandria become scientific research hub?
Answer: 3rd
Question: When was Euclid born?
Answer: 325
Question: Who worked on the five Platonic solids?
Answer: Euclid
Question: Who measured the circumference of the Earth?
Answer: Eratosthenes
Question: Who was the Father of Geomtery?
Answer: Eratosthenes
Question: Hipparchus measured the precession of what?
Answer: Earth
Question: Who stated that Hipparchus created the first systematic star map?
Answer: Pliny
Question: Hipparchus' star may be depicted in a statue called what?
Answer: Farnese Atlas
Question: Whch astronomer developed a heliocentric system?
Answer: Aristarchos of Samos
Question: What is the name of the 37 gear computer which noted the motions of the Sun and Moon?
Answer: Antikythera mechanism
Question: Until what century were similar devices like the Antikythera mechanism found?
Answer: 10th
Question: What Persian scholar noted the 10th century calculator similar to the Antikythera mechanism?
Answer: Al-Biruni
Question: What range of years is the Antikythera mechanism thought to have been created?
Answer: 150–100 BC
Question: Who theorized that blood traveled through the veins?
Answer: Praxagoras of Kos
Question: Who was the first to finalize his conclusions with dissections of cadevers?
Answer: Herophilos
Question: Which school of medicine was based on strict observation?
Answer: Empiric
Question: Who was the first to provide accurate descriptions of the nervous system?
Answer: Herophilos
Question: Philip II used a dense military formation called what?
Answer: Macedonian Phalanx
Question: Were Hellenistic armies smaller or larger than traditional Greek armies?
Answer: larger
Question: The Thorakitai used what type of oval shield?
Answer: Thureos
Question: From whom did Seleucus receive war elephants?
Answer: Mauryan empire
Question: What kind of elephant did the Ptolemies use?
Answer: African elephant
Question: What was the largest ship constructed in Antiquity?
Answer: Ptolemaic Tessarakonteres
Question: Who invented the Polybolos?
Answer: Dionysios of Alexandria
Question: What type of weapon is the Polybolos?
Answer: ballista
Question: Who heavy was the Helepolis siege tower?
Answer: 160 ton
Question: How long was Demetrius Poliorcetes siege of Rhodes?
Answer: 12-month
Question: Character is called what in Hellenistic art?
Answer: ethos
Question: Who is the artist that drew grapes so lifelike, birds flew up and pecked at them?
Answer: Zeuxis
Question: The ideals of Hellenistic art are sensuality and what?
Answer: passion
Question: What painting epitomized the female nude?
Answer: Aphrodite of Cnidos of Praxiteles
Question: Which barbarians were depicted in heroic form?
Answer: Galatians
Question: All of the diadochi painted themselves to look like what leader?
Answer: Alexander the Great
Question: Venus de Milo belongs to which period?
Answer: Hellenistic
Question: Were Greek temples built in the Hellenistic period larger or smaller than classical temples?
Answer: larger
Question: Who rebuilt the Apollo at Didyma in 300 BCE?
Answer: Seleucus
Question: What is a Greek royal palace called?
Answer: basileion
Question: What is the first example of Hellenistic period royal palace?
Answer: villa of Cassander at Vergina
Question: The discovery of what tombs raised the profile of Hellenistic art?
Answer: Vergina
Question: Hellenistic art is describe as decadent mainly due to it following which style  period?
Answer: Golden Age of Classical Athens
Question: What century do the terms Baroque and Rococo come from?
Answer: 18th
Question: What century of scholars considered the Hellenistic period a decline in culture from classic Greece?
Answer: 19th
Question: How did 19th century scholars view the Hellenistic period?
Answer: a mirror
Question: The viewpoint that the Hellenistic period represented a decline in culture was proven to be meaningless and what?
Answer: unfair
Question: Who focused on the issue of racial and cultural confrontation?
Answer: William Woodthorpe Tarn
Question: Which organization did Michael Rostovtzeff flee from?
Answer: Russian Revolution
Question: Who studied the problem mutual understanding between races in conquered areas?
Answer: Arnaldo Momigliano
Question: Frank William Walbank mainly focused on which relations in his depictions of Hellinistic culture?
Answer: class
Question: Whish Hellinistic historian focused primarely on the economic system?
Answer: C. Préaux
Question: What is the largest private foundation in the world?
Answer: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (or the Gates Foundation, abbreviated as BMGF) is the largest private foundation in the world
Question: Where is the Bill and Melinda gates foundation based? 
Answer: The foundation, based in Seattle, Washington
Question: What is the largest private foundation in America?
Question: Where is the Susan-Desmond Hellmann foundation based?
Question: What are the names of the trustees for the foundation based in America?
Question: What are the primary goals of the foundation in Seattle?
Question: What does the principal officer Melinda Gates control?
Question: What was warren Buffett's estimated net worth in 2008 
Answer: Warren Buffett (then the world's richest person, estimated worth of US$62 billion as of April 16, 2008)
Question: How many shares of berkshire hathway was pledged as a donation 
Answer: pledged to give the foundation approximately 10 million Berkshire Hathaway Class B shares
Question: In 2013 Buffett announced another donation to the foundation for how much 
Answer: In July 2013, Buffet announced another donation of his company's Class B, this time in the amount worth $2 billion
Question: What was Warren Buffet's net worth in 2013?
Question: How many shares did Bill Gates pledge to donate?
Question: What did Melinda Gates set so the contributions work as a matching contribution?
Question: What must Bill and Melinda earmark shares to qualify for?
Question: In 2013 Buffet donated what amount to Class B?
Question: What did the foundation announce in November 2014
Answer: In November 2014, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation announced that they are adopting an open access (OA) policy for publications and data
Question: What does the OA policy for publications and data do ?
Answer: open access (OA) policy for publications and data, "to enable the unrestricted access and reuse of all peer-reviewed published research funded by the foundation
Question: What does the OA policy cover ?
Answer: As of January 1, 2015 their Open Access policy is effective for all new agreements.
Question: In what year did Bill and Melinda Gates adopt open access policy for capacity building and knowledge sharing?
Question: What does the new agreement policy cover?
Question: What does the OA policy for data sets do?
Question: What is the most applauded among similar policies?
Question: When is the publication and data policy effective for new agreements?
Question: What two entities was the foundation divided into 
Answer: trustees divided the organization into two entities: the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (foundation) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Trust
Question: What does the foundation entity focus on
Answer: The foundation section, based in Seattle, US, "focuses on improving health and alleviating extreme poverty
Question: What does the Trust entity focus on 
Answer: The trust section manages "the investment assets and transfer proceeds to the foundation as necessary to achieve the foundation's charitable goals
Question: What is held in the trust entity 
Answer: it holds the assets of Bill and Melinda Gates, who are the sole trustees, and receives contributions from Buffett
Question: What two sections was the trust divided into?
Question: What is the trust based in Seattle have as its focus?
Question: What does the trust do with Warren Buffett's assets?
Question: What did Warren Buffett divide the foundation into?
Question: How does the foundation manage investment assets and achieve charitable goals?
Question: What is the goal of the Trust investments 
Answer: exclusive goal of maximizing the return on investment
Question: What are some of the negatives of the investments 
Answer: its investments include companies that have been criticized for worsening poverty in the same developing countries
Question: What type of company's are  critiscized
Answer: These include companies that pollute heavily and pharmaceutical companies that do not sell into the developing world
Question: As a result of the critics what did the company announce 
Answer: the foundation announced in 2007 a review of its investments to assess social responsibility. It subsequently cancelled the review
Question: What is the exclusive goal of the developing world trust?
Question: What does the company invest?
Question: When did the company decide to review its lack of sales in the developing world?
Question: What policy did the company cancel after 2007?
Question: What did the foundation announce in March 2006 
Answer: n March 2006, the foundation announced a US$5 million grant for the International Justice Mission (IJM)
Question: What is the International Justice Mission
Answer: a human rights organization based in Washington, D.C., US to work in the area of sex trafficking.
Question: What would the grant allow the IJM to do 
Answer: the grant would allow the IJM to "create a replicable model for combating sex trafficking and slavery
Question: What did the office that ijm opened do specifically 
Answer: conducting undercover investigations, training law enforcement, rescuing victims, ensuring appropriate aftercare, and seeking perpetrator accountability".
Question: How much was the grant for the IJM for working in the area of training law enforcement?
Question: What is the name of the undercover investigation organization based in Washington DC?
Question: What will the foundation office use the grant for?
Question: What does the area of the foundation organization have high rates of?
Question: Where is the IJM as a law enforcement organization based?
Question: What was the name of the project founded by the IJM 
Answer: The IJM used the grant money to found "Project Lantern
Question: Where did project lantern open an office 
Answer: "Project Lantern" and established an office in the Philippines city of Cebu.
Question: What did project lantern announce in 2010
Answer: IJM stated that Project Lantern had led to "an increase in law enforcement activity in sex trafficking cases
Question: What services were also increased by project lantern
Answer: increase in services – like shelter, counseling and career training – provided to trafficking survivors"
Question: What was project Lantern exploring 
Answer: the IJM was exploring opportunities to replicate the model in other regions.
Question: What was the name of the project founded in the Philippines?
Question: What kinds of service increases has the project IJM led to?
Question: What did Project Lantern want to replicate?
Question: What was the IJM committed to resolving as a result of Project Lantern?
Question: What city was chosen by trafficking survivors to found Project Lantern?
Question: What was the WSH program launched in 2005
Answer: The Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WSH) program of the Gates Foundation was launched in mid-2005
Question: When did the WSH become a full fledeged program
Answer: and became a full-fledged program under the Global Development Division in early 2010
Question: What efforts have the WSH taken 
Answer: since 2005 undertaken a wide range of efforts in the WASH sector involving research, experimentation, reflection, advocacy, and field implementation
Question: What did the foundation decide in 2009 
Answer: In 2009, the Foundation decided to refocus its WASH effort mainly on sustainable sanitation services for the poor, using non-piped sanitation services
Question: WHy did the foundation make the switch 
Answer: This was because the sanitation sector was generally receiving less attention from other donors and from governments
Question: What year was the Global Development Division program launched?
Question: What efforts has the Global Development Division taken in the WASH sector?
Question: How did the WASH believe it could make a difference in sanitation?
Question: Why is the Global Development Division focused on sanitation for the poor?
Question: In 2005 what did the foundation focus its WASH effort on?
Question: What did the foundation announce in 2011
Answer: In mid 2011, the Foundation announced in its new "Water, Sanitation, Hygiene Strategy Overview"
Question: What is the purpose of the new overview
Answer: funding now focuses primarily on sanitation, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, because access to improved sanitation is lowest in those regions
Question: What has been the focus since 2011
Answer: Their grant-making focus has been since 2011 on sanitation science and technology ("transformative technologies")
Question: What models have been delivered
Answer: delivery models at scale, urban sanitation markets, building demand for sanitation, measurement and evaluation as well as policy, advocacy and communications
Question: What did the transformative technologies announce in 2011?
Question: What is the purpose of funding the new technology?
Question: What advocacy policies have been delivered?
Question: Where is communication lowest in the region?
Question: What year has the grant making focus been on funding?
Question: What is need in the developing world 
Answer: Improved sanitation in the developing world is a global need
Question: What does data collected by unicef and Who show
Answer: Improved sanitation in the developing world is a global need, but a neglected priority as shown by the data collected
Question: How many people have no sanatation facilities
Answer: About one billion people have no sanitation facility whatsoever and continue to defecate in gutters, behind bushes or in open water bodies
Question: What country is the worst violator
Answer: India is the country with the highest number of people practicing open defecation: around 600 million people
Question: India is host to what activity
Answer: "Reinvent the Toilet Fair" in Delhi, India in March 2014.
Question: What is needed for the WHO?
Question: What country has been the focus of the foundation's monitoring activities?
Question: What program monitors progress toward improved sanitation?
Question: How many people are monitored under the JMP?
Question: What fair took place that was hosted by the WHO?
Question: When was reinvent the toilet launched 
Answer: In 2011, the foundation launched a program called "Reinvent the Toilet Challenge
Question: What is the aim of reinvent the toilet 
Answer: to promote the development of innovations in toilet design to benefit the 2.5 billion people that do not have access to safe and effective sanitation