huutuan/long_squad_v2 huggingface dataset:
Question: What you add to move from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar?
Question: What is the difference in time between the calendars?
Answer: 10 minutes 48 seconds
Question: With what other difference did the Gregorian calendar concern itself?
Answer: accumulated difference
Question: When was the vernal equinox at the end of the third century?
Answer: 20 March or 21 March
Question: In order to account for the full moon coming after the equinox, when was the equinox set?
Answer: 22 March
Question: How did the Gregorian calendar set these same of the full moon not preceding Easterconditions?
Answer: removing ten days
Question: What changed the length of the calendar year from 365.2425 days to 365.25 days?
Question: What was reduced by forty-eight minutes and ten seconds?
Question: What was devised during the 300s
Question: What was not to follow the equinox?
Question: What was March 22 the latest date for?
Question: When did the Council of Trent agree to the corrected calendar?
Answer: 1563
Question: To what time did the Council require the date of the vernal equinox to be set?
Answer: 325
Question: What did mathematicians of the time want to use to set the date of Easter?
Answer: motions of the sun and moon
Question: What method was used instead of computations of the sun and moon?
Answer: tabular method
Question: Whose modified proposal was adopted?
Answer: Aloysius Lilius
Question: What plan to the Council of Trent approve in the fifteenth century?
Question: What did the first Council of Nicaea require to be restored to the one set in 325?
Question: What did the first Council of Nicaea require alterations for?
Question: What was sent to mathematicians in the fifteenth century?
Question: What was adopted from the proposal of Moleto
Question: When were the rights to publish the calendar granted?
Answer: 3 April 1582
Question: Who awarded the rights to publish the calendar?
Answer: the pope
Question: What problem caused the papal brief granting the right to publish to be withdrawn?
Answer: demand for copies
Question: When were the rights to print the calendar withdrawn?
Answer: 20 September 1582
Question: Where were the first calendars printed?
Answer: Rome
Question: Who decreed the reform during the fifteenth century?
Question: What was Luigi Lilio given exclusive rights to?
Question: Why was a new brief granted in September 2015 eighty-two?September
Question: What event started the consular year?
Answer: consuls first entered office
Question: What was the date of the consular year before 222 BC?
Answer: 1 May
Question: What was the date of the start of the consular year from 222 BC?
Answer: 15 March
Question: When did Rome begin to use the Julian calendar?
Answer: 45 BC
Question: What was used as the year in the early Roman church?
Question: What calendar came into use in 153 BC?
Question: During what period did a year used for dates not change?
Question: What was marked by the date the Emperor took office?
Question: What other system of calculations are inherent in the Gregorian calendar?
Answer: system of weeks
Question: Why is calculating the days of the Gregorian calendar not simple?
Answer: irregularities
Question: After each country adopted the calendar how did the weekly cycle continue?
Answer: uninterrupted
Question: What was the date of adoption for the calendar?
Answer: Friday, 15 October 1582
Question: What was the previous day's date by the Julian calendar?
Answer: Thursday, 4 October 1582
Question: What is simple to do using the Gregorian system?
Question: What makes Calgary the days of the week symbol in the Gregorian system?
Question: What was interrupted when the Gregorian calendar was adopted in each country?
Question: What ended on Friday, October 5 1582?
Question: Who thought that the seasonal drift in the date of Easter unacceptable?
Answer: Roman Catholic Church
Question: What even is tired to the date for Easter?
Answer: spring equinox
Question: What did the Church of Alexandria use to calculate the date of Easter?
Answer: Metonic cycle
Question: Where did the Church of Alexandria place the vernal equinox?
Answer: 21 March
Question: Until 342 when did the Church of Rome think the vernal equinox fell?
Answer: 25 March
Question: Who found the drifting and the date of the spring equinox unacceptable?
Question: What did the church of Rome use the metonic cycle to determine?
Question: What did the church of Alexandria place on March 25?
Question: What did the Church of Rome place on 21 March
Question: Who was the architect of the Gregorian calendar?
Answer: Christopher Clavius
Question: What did the architects of the calendar notice about the astronomical tables?
Answer: discrepancies
Question: Whose solution to the discrepancies of the tables would have been agreeable to astronomers?
Answer: Petrus Pitatus
Question: When did Pitatus offer his solution to the leap year problem?
Answer: 1560
Question: What is the theory about leap year called?
Answer: Gregorian leap year rule
Question: What provided the sons mean latitude?
Question: Who noticed that the tables agreed on the time the sun passed the vernal equinox?
Question: Who suggested ninety-seven leap years in 400 years during the fifteenth century
Question: Who solution to discrepancies in the tables was not agreeable to astronomers?
Question: What calendar did Pitatus create?
Question: What designation was added to British dates to differentiate them from countries not using the new calendar? 
Answer: "Old Style" (OS) and "New Style"
Question: When was the Calendar act enacted?
Answer: 1750
Question: With what did the Calendar Act align the British calendar?
Answer: Gregorian calendar
Question: What did the use of Old Style and New Style cause?
Answer: confusion
Question: What law did the British make to cause the use of the Gregorian calendar?
Answer: Calendar Act of 1750
Question: Why are old-style new style not using the British Empire?
Question: What did the calendar after 1752 to clarify the meaning of old-style new style?
Question: What did the calendar act aligned with the British calendar?
Question: What this OS indicate January 1 is?
Question: How many days must be skipped to align the calendar with mean solar days in a year?
Answer: three Julian leap days
Question: What is the approximate error for every 3,300 years?
Answer: one day
Question: What is the error rate of the vernal equinox per every 7,700 years?
Answer: 1 day
Question: What was the error rate in the Julian calendar?
Answer: 1 day in 128 years
Question: How does Julian calendar improve the approximations made by the Gregorian calendar?
Question: How many years does it take for the Julian approximation to have an error of one day?
Question: In the Julia system what is the error rate for the vernal equinox first 7700 years?
Question: The Julian system skips three leap days and how many years?
Question: What Microsoft executive was in charge of 360 development?
Answer: J Allard
Question: What manufacturer was enlisted to design the 360's graphics processor?
Answer: ATI
Question: Where did Peter Moor work before being recruited to help on the 360?
Answer: Sega of America
Question: Original 360 Alpha dev kits used what existing system's hardware?
Answer: Apple's Power Mac G5
Question: What CPU did the 360 use?
Answer: IBM's Xenon processor
Question: Where is the Microsoft headquarters?
Question: Who replaced Peter Moore as the president of Sega?
Question: What were the names of the IBM employees that hid their work?
Question: How many ATI developers worked on the graphic processing unit?
Question: What Apple hardware did Alpha kits use after the launch of the Xbox 360?
Question: The Xbox 360 Pro included what size hard drive storage?
Answer: 20 GB
Question: What was the official name of the lower-priced 360 SKU at launch?
Answer: Xbox 360 Core
Question: The Xbox 360 Elite eventually launched at what price point?
Answer: US$479
Question: The 360 Pro's original storage was replaced by a hard drive of what size in 2008?
Answer: 60 GB
Question: What did Microsoft name the SKU that replaced the 360 Core?
Answer: Xbox 360 Arcade
Question: What was the Xbox 360 Core package unofficially known as?
Question: What was the Media Remote priced at in USD?
Question: How much was the Xbox 360 Arcade?
Question: When was the Core package launched?
Question: What replaced the Arcade package?
Question: How many titles did the 360 have at launch in North America?
Answer: 14 games
Question: What title was the console's best seller in 2005?
Answer: Call of Duty 2
Question: How many copies did Halo 3 sell?
Answer: 8 million copies
Question: Halo 3 was released in what year?
Answer: 2007
Question: Other than Call of Duty 2, how many games sold at least 1 million copies the first year of the 360?
Answer: Five
Question: What game was released in North America but not Europe?
Question: What year was Saints Row the best-selling game?
Question: How many copies did Ghost REcon Advanced Warfighter sell in 2007?
Question: When did Gears of War overtake Halo 3?
Question: How many games sold over one million copies in 2007?
Question: What 3 video formats did the 360 support natively at launch?
Answer: Windows Media Video (WMV) format (including high-definition and PlaysForSure videos), as well as H.264 and MPEG-4
Question: Support for what video format was added in 2007?
Answer: MPEG-4 ASP
Question: How are music player controls accessed by 360 users?
Answer: the Xbox 360 Guide button
Question: What is one feature of 360 photo slide shows?
Answer: transition effects
Question: What did the 2007 update remove support for?
Question: When was the visual synthesizer added?
Question: Which type of WMV videos do not work on the Xbox 360?
Question: How do gamers play videos while playing games?
Question: What was the name of the non-subscription Xbox online gaming service?
Answer: Xbox Live Silver
Question: What was the "color" name given to the premium version of Xbox Live?
Answer: Gold
Question: What key feature is not supported by the free version of Live?
Answer: multiplayer gaming
Question: Which popular gaming titles have their own online service outside Xbox Live?
Answer: EA Sports games
Question: Voice support came online with what feature addition?
Answer: Xbox Live Vision
Question: What was Xbox Live Free renamed as?
Question: What color is associated with Xbox Live Arcade?
Question: How long was voice support down after its launch?
Question: What is an example of a game that does not support multiplayer online?
Question: What game with its own subscription service cannot be played using Live Free?
Question: What is the name of the feature that allows users to download games from Live?
Answer: Xbox Live Arcade
Question: What can people owning both a PC and 360 do?
Answer: stream media
Question: What is the name of the 360's motion sensing camera peripheral?
Answer: the Kinect
Question: The 360's multimedia capabilities transformed it from a game console to what?
Answer: a hub for living-room computing entertainment
Question: What was the name of the orginal Xbox's streaming service?
Question: What service only offered subscription services?
Question: What do PCs use to stream media?
Question: What is the name of the additional hard drive storage?
Question: What is the name of the feature that allows Live users to play game demos?
Question: What was the software attach rate in the US for the 360 by March of 2008?
Answer: 7.5 games per console in the US
Question: What are two prominent 360 exclusive franchises?
Answer: the Halo franchise and Gears of War
Question: Why were early multi-platform games considered superior on the 360?
Answer: the difficulties of programming for the PS3
Question: The 360 earned 38 nominations and 12 wins from what organization in 2007?
Answer: Game Critics Awards
Question: Microsoft hoped to have how many titles available for the 360 by the end of 2008?
Answer: over 1,000
Question: How many games were available for the Xbox in 2007?
Question: How many nominations did the PS3 receive?
Question: How many awards did the Wii win?
Question: How many games did the average person in Europe have for the PS3?
Question: What PS3 exclusives launched in 2006 that the the Xbox 360 did not have access to?
Question: What hardware defect code plagued the 360?
Answer: "General Hardware Failure" error
Question: What is the flashing indicator of a general hardware error known as?
Answer: Red Ring of Death
Question: How did Microsoft react to general hardware error problems?
Answer: Microsoft extended the Xbox 360's manufacturer's warranty to three years
Question: What other error code was eventually covered by this warranty extension?
Answer: E74 error code
Question: Where did users see the flashing light error codes display on their 360s?
Answer: the ring around the power button
Question: How was the E74 error recognized?
Question: How many quadrants lit up with the E74 error?
Question: What is another name for the E74 error?
Question: By how many years was the warranty extended in 2009?
Question: When was the General Hardware Failure first discovered?
Question: What online source called the 360 the 6th greatest console of all time in 2009?
Answer: IGN
Question: TechRadar honored the 360 by calling it what?
Answer: most influential
Question: What 360 peripheral was the fastest selling consumer electronic device in history?
Answer: Kinect
Question: According to PC Magazine, the 360 created the prototype for what?
Answer: online gaming
Question: What magazine ranked the 360 as the second best console of the 1993-2013 period?
Answer: Edge
Question: Who declared Kinect as the most influential console?
Question: Who ranked the PS3 as the second best console between 1993-2013?
Question: What did IGN compare Halo to?
Question: Who claimed the importance of the Xbox 360 was its exclusives?
Question: How many consoles did Edge compare?
Question: Why was the 360 considered a market success for Microsoft?
Answer: it strengthened Microsoft as a major force in the console market
Question: What problem hurt Nintendo's Wii console?
Answer: collapse of third-party software support in its later years
Question: The Playstation 3 originally struggled for market share for what reasons?
Answer: due to being too expensive and initially lacking quality titles
Question: What is the successor to the 360 called?
Answer: Xbox One
Question: Which console sold the most units in the seventh generation era?
Answer: Nintendo Wii
Question: What was the best selling console of the sixth gen?
Question: What feature of the Xbox 360 collapsed?
Question: When did the PlayStation 3 debut?
Question: What features caused Wii U to struggle?
Question: What PlayStation put pressure on the Xbox One?
Question: What was the original user interface for the 360 called?
Answer: Xbox 360 Dashboard
Question: Who designed this user interface?
Answer: AKQA and Audiobrain
Question: The simple dashboard could be accessed by pressing what controller button?
Answer: the Xbox Guide button on the gamepad
Question: How many tabs were on the 360 dashboard interface?
Answer: five
Question: The tabs on the user interface were called what?
Answer: Blades
Question: How many blades did the simplified version on the guide have?
Question: Who designed Xbox Live messaging?
Question: What were the five Blades on the main dashboard?
Question: What was the stylized name for the gamercard called?
Question: What could not be launched if the console had a disc in it?
Question: What was a classic title originally offered by the Xbox Live Arcade?
Answer: Ms. Pac-Man
Question: What was a new, original title originally available from Arcade?
Answer: Assault Heroes
Question: What date did the Xbox Live Arcade launch on?
Answer: November 3, 2004
Question: When was Arcade Live relaunched with 360 support?
Answer: November 22, 2005
Question: What is the name of the online virtual arcade that launched in 2010?
Answer: Game Room
Question: How much did the game Zuma cost?
Question: What Playstation game was included in 2010?
Question: What games were released as part of the Game Room?
Question: How much was Castlevania: Symphony sold for?
Question: When was Xbox Live Arcade decommissioned?
Question: At what conventions did Microsoft announce IPTV support through the 360?
Answer: Consumer Electronics Shows
Question: Which Microsoft executive announced IPTV as "soon" in 2007?
Answer: Bill Gates
Question: Who was Microsoft's president of Entertainment & Devices in 2008?
Answer: Robbie Bach
Question: What UK company did Microsoft partner with to bring IPTV to the 360?
Answer: BT
Question: What Microsoft executive announced the launch of version 2.0 of Mediaroom?
Answer: Steve Ballmer
Question: Who was the president of Microsoft in 2009?
Question: Who is the CEO of BT?
Question: Where is the Entertainment & Devices branch located?
Question: When were the DVR features made available?
Question: When did IPTV launch beyond its initial beta testers?
Question: What XBox Live service allows users to buy games and downloadable content?
Answer: Xbox Live Marketplace
Question: Which levels of Xbox Live membership may access the Marketplace?
Answer: Free and Gold members
Question: What hardware is required to use the Marketplace?
Answer: A hard drive or memory unit
Question: What virtual currency is used to make Marketplace purchases?
Answer: Microsoft Points
Question: Prepaid cards for Microsoft Points are available in what denominations?
Answer: 1,600 and 4,000
Question: The Marketplace is only available to which level of Xbox Live?
Question: How are hard drives or memory units purchased?
Question: What is the average price of a game?
Question: What percentage of users use prepaid cards?
Question: Microsoft points can be used to buy what for the dashboard?
Question: What was the initial launch window of the 360 console?
Answer: 2005–2006
Question: What was one adverse condition that characterized early versions of the console?
Answer: high failure rate
Question: What were the designations of the two redesigned 360 models and when did they come out?
Answer: Xbox 360 S in 2010, and the Xbox 360 E in 2013
Question: As of June 2014, how many 360s across all SKUs have been sold worldwide?
Answer: 84 million
Question: When did the Xbox One launch?
Answer: November 22, 2013
Question: When did the new extension of the warranty expire?
Question: How many Xboxes were sold from 2005-2006?
Question: What company ranked the Xbox One as the most influential console of its generation?
Question: What historical honor does the Xbox One hold?
Question: What were the names of the redesigned models of the Xbox One?
Question: What sales figure was the 360 the first console of its generation to surpass?
Answer: 10 million
Question: When did the 360 surrender its lead in total sales?
Answer: June 2008
Question: What console eventually passed the 360 in total sales?
Answer: the Wii
Question: During what 32-month later period was the 360 the best selling console?
Answer: January 2011 and October 2013
Question: When did the Xbox achieve 10 million units sold?
Answer: May 2008
Question: How many consoles did Wii sell in 2008?
Question: For how many months was the Wii the best-selling console?
Question: Who announced the Wii in 2008?
Question: How many units did the Xbox 360 sell in Canada in 2013?
Question: What gaming console passed the Wii in 2008?
Question: Besides online gaming and media distribution, what other feature made the 360 influential, according to TechRadar?
Answer: game achievement feature
Question: How many years after initial launch of the console was Kinect released?
Answer: Five years
Question: Besides it's features, what did Kinect do for the 360 in terms of sales?
Answer: extended the life of the console
Question: What is Kinect?
Answer: motion capture camera
Question: When was the Xbox 360 deemed the most influential gaming system?
Question: What console was the fastest selling in history?
Question: Who considered the Kinect the most influential electronic device?
Question: What did Xbox 360 deemphasize?
Question: The Xbox brand turned away from multimedia to what?
Question: How did Microsoft describe Kinect?
Answer: a "controller-free gaming and entertainment experience"
Question: When was Kinect first announced?
Answer: June 1, 2009
Question: At what event was Kinect announced?
Answer: Electronic Entertainment Expo
Question: What was the secret code name for Kinect while in development?
Answer: Project Natal
Question: How can users utilize the Kinect to interact with their 360 consoles?
Answer: by using gestures, spoken commands and presented objects and images
Question: What was the codename for Project Natal?
Question: What is Robbie Bach's position?
Question: Whose speech first introduced the Kinect?
Question: What prevents older models from working with the Kinect?
Question: Where was the CES 2010 keynote speech?
Question: How did Microsoft modify the architecture of the 360 to reduce failure rates?
Answer: a reduction in the number, size, and placement of components
Question: What was the root cause of hardware failures with the 360?
Answer: heat
Question: When the newer 360 S models have their power buttons flash red, it means?
Answer: system overheating
Question: How does the 360 S then react to an overheating situation?
Answer: imminent system shutdown until the system has cooled
Question: How did Microsoft attempt to deal with potential heat-related expansion with GPU and CPU components?
Answer: dabs of epoxy on the corners and edges
Question: The second what was removed because of heating issues?
Question: Which two quadrants light up on the Xbox 360 S to indicate overheating?
Question: The third and first quadrant turn what two colors?
Question: Where was extra epoxy placed on the models before the S?
Question: What warranty does the 360 S include?
Question: What was the name of the 360's video store service?
Answer: Xbox Video Marketplace
Question: When was this video service launched?
Answer: November 22, 2006
Question: When do movies rented through this marketplace expire?
Answer: 14 days after download or at the end of the first 24 hours after the movie has begun playing
Question: What resolution are videos sold through this service?
Answer: 720p
Question: What sound standard is supported for the marketplace videos?
Answer: 5.1 surround audio
Question: When was Video Marketplace released outside of the US?
Question: After how many days do TV shows expire?
Question: How long do users have to stream a film?
Question: How many consoles can movies be transferred to?
Question: What is the bitrate for the streamed short clips?
Question: How many original Xboxes were sold in Japan between 2002 and 2005?
Answer: 2 million units
Question: Between 2005 and 2011, how many 360 consoles were sold in Japan?
Answer: 1.5 million units
Question: What two console manufacturers dominate the Japanese market?
Answer: Sony and Nintendo
Question: Lackluster sales caused Japanese retailers to take what action with the 360?
Answer: scaling down and in some cases discontinuing sales
Question: Where did the Xbox sell exceptionally well?
Question: How many of the original Xbox sell between 2005 and 2011?
Question: How many units did Sony sell in 202 through 2005?
Question: What console, released in 2005, did Sony create?
Question: When did Edge report Sony sales were falling?
Question: By what other name is the 360 S model known?
Answer: "Slim"
Question: Which SKUs did the 360 S replace?
Answer: the original "Elite" and "Arcade" models
Question: What component of the 360 S prevents overheating issues prevalent in prior versions?
Answer: a redesigned motherboard
Question: What video input format is not supported by the 360 E?
Answer: S/PDIF
Question: What was the appearance of the Arcade model?
Question: What kind of case did the Elite have?
Question: How many USB ports did the S model have?
Question: Which video format does S not support?
Question: What was the color of the S model case?
Question: What was the name of the Japanese developer that strongly supported the 360?
Answer: Mistwalker
Question: What was Mistwalker's first title for the 360?
Answer: Blue Dragon
Question: Blue Dragon surpassed this sales figure in Japan?
Answer: 200,000 units
Question: What was Mistwalker's second 360 title to be released?
Answer: Lost Odyssey
Question: Which developer created Chromehounds?
Question: How many game pre-orders did the console have in its first year?
Question: How many copies of the Phantasy Star Universe sold?
Question: How many of the original six games available in Japan surpassed 200,000?
Question: When was Mistwalker's second game released?
Question: What PC operating system is required to stream content to a 360?
Answer: Windows XP with Service pack 2 or higher
Question: What modified AV protocol does the 360 utilize?
Answer: UPnP
Question: What codecs are supported for 360 streaming from uShare?
Answer: MPEG-2, MPEG-4, WMV
Question: What video formats are supported for UPnP streaming?
Answer: WMV, MOV, TS
Question: A Service pack 2 or higher prevents what?
Question: What type of server does a Windows XP have?
Question: What is MythTV part of?
Question: Which formats does UPnP not support?
Question: The service pack number needs to be lower than what to work with Xbox 360?
Question: What extra features do Xbox Live Gold members get?
Answer: integrated online game playing capabilities outside of third-party subscriptions
Question: What information does Microsoft allow users to retain when transitioning Live subscriptions?
Answer: profile information, friends list, and games history
Question: What does a user need to do to transfer a Live account to the new system?
Answer: users need to link a Windows Live ID to their gamertag on Xbox.com
Question: What is the annual cost of a Live Gold membership in USD?
Answer: $59.99
Question: How many users are subscribed to Xbox Live?
Answer: 30 million
Question: What do users provide to get a Windows Live ID?
Question: How many users does the free version of Xbox live have?
Question: What does the Free version have that Gold does not?
Question: What did Microsoft force previous subscribers to change?
Question: how much does a Windows Live ID cost in USD?
Question: Where and when was the Zune HD marketplace announced?
Answer: E3 2009
Question: The Zune video marketplace was merged with what Live feature?
Answer: Xbox Live Video Store
Question: What was the new name of this Live video store?
Answer: Zune Marketplace
Question: How many countries were slated for the Zune Marketplace launch?
Answer: 7
Question: How many countries was E3 held in?
Question: What month was E3?
Question: The Xbox Live Video Store is the merger of what two marketplaces?
Question: Merging the Zune and Xbox Live stores affected the release of what product?
Question: When was the Zune HD set to be decommissioned?
Question: What was the most important North American conflict between France and Britain called?
Answer: Queen Anne's War
Question: What French colony did Great Britain conquer in Queen Anne's War?
Answer: Acadia
Question: When was the final French and Indian War fought?
Answer: 1754–63
Question: What future American founding father fought in the French and Indian War?
Answer: George Washington
Question: When did wars between China and France in North America start?
Question: What was the most important South American conflict between France and Britain called?
Question: What French colony did Great Britain conquer outside of Queen Anne's War?
Question:  When was the first French and Indian War fought?
Question: What future Canadian founding father fought in the French and Indian War?
Question: What was the biggest war the US got involved with in the early 19th century?
Answer: the War of 1812
Question: What conflict caused Britain to blockade trade?
Answer: a major war with Napoleon's France
Question: What uprising did Britain support in North America?
Answer: Indian insurrection
Question: What country was the first the US ever declared war upon?
Answer: the United Kingdom
Question: What was the initial US strategy in the War of 1812?
Answer: invading British Canada, hoping to use captured territory as a bargaining chip
Question: What was the smallest war the US got involved with in the early 19th century?
Question:  What conflict caused France to blockade trade?
Question:  What uprising did France support in North America?
Question:  What country was the first the UK ever declared war upon?
Question:  What was the initial Canadian strategy in the War of 1812?
Question: Who was the Secretary of War who modernized the US military at the beginning of the 20th century?
Answer: Elihu Root
Question: Which military academy did Root help grow?
Answer: West Point
Question: What military advisement committee was established by Root?
Answer: General Staff
Question: What officer rotation doctrine was developed under Root's guidance?
Answer: the principle of rotating officers from staff to line
Question: What then-US protectorate did Root write a government charter for?
Answer: the Philippines
Question: Who was the Secretary of War who modernized the UK military at the beginning of the 20th century?
Question:  Which military academy did Poot help grow?
Question:  What military advisement committee was established by Poot?
Question: What officer rotation doctrine was undeveloped under Root's guidance?
Question: What then-UK protectorate did Root write a government charter for?
Question: When did World War I commence?
Answer: August 1914
Question: What German war policy precipitated US involvement in WWI?
Answer: submarine attacks
Question: What year did the US enter World War I?
Answer: 1917
Question: The United States built its army prior to joining the war in what way?
Answer: peacetime draft
Question: When World War I started, what was the official UK position?
Question:  When did World War II commence?
Question:  What German war policy precipitated US involvement in WWII?
Question:  What year did the US enter World War II?
Question:  The UK built its army prior to joining the war in what way?
Question: Communists were defeated in what country in 1972?
Answer: Indonesia
Question: What term did critics of the Vietnam War use to describe it?
Answer: a "quagmire"
Question: When did the draft end?
Answer: 1973
Question: Which president ended the draft?
Answer: 1973
Question:  The Vietnam War was an element of what UK diplomatic policy?
Question:  Communists were defeated in what country in 1977?
Question:  What term did critics of the Chinese War use to describe it?
Question:  When did the draft begin?
Question:  Which president began the draft?
Question: What precipitated the Persian Gulf War?
Answer: the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait
Question: When did this precipitating event take place?
Answer: August 1990
Question: When did hostilities in the Persian Gulf War begin?
Answer: January 1991
Question: How many US veterans of the Persian Gulf War have been classed as permanently disabled?
Answer: 180,000
Question: How many nations were against Iraq in the UK-led coalition?
Question:  What precipitated the American Gulf War?
Question:  When did this precipitating event end?
Question:  When did hostilities in the Chinese Gulf War begin?
Question:  How many US veterans of the Chinese Gulf War have been classed as permanently disabled?
Question: What was the name of the Somalian warlord who directed massacres of peacekeeping troops?
Answer: Mohamed Farrah Aidid
Question: In what Somalian city did American troops become trapped?
Answer: Mogadishu
Question: How many US soldiers were killed in the battle of Mogadishu?
Answer: Eighteen
Question: What is the title of the book and movie about the Mogadishu uprising?
Answer: Black Hawk Down
Question: In what African country did UK troops participate in peacekeeping operations?
Question: What was the name of the Korean warlord who directed massacres of peacekeeping troops?
Question:  In what Somalian city did African troops become trapped?
Question:  How many UK soldiers were killed in the battle of Mogadishu?
Question: What is the title of the song about the Mogadishu uprising?
Question: When did the US send troops to the Philippines to battle terrorists?
Answer: January 2002
Question: Terrorists in the Philippines were linked to what larger terrorist organization?
Answer: al-Qaida
Question: Where did anti-terrorist fighting take place?
Answer: the Sulu Archipelago
Question: How many troops did the US initially send to the Philippines?
Answer: 1,200
Question: What was the name of the Philippine terrorist group the US was sent to help combat? 
Answer: Abu Sayyaf
Question: When did the UK send troops to the Philippines to battle terrorists?
Question: Terrorists in the Koreas were linked to what larger terrorist organization?
Question:  Where did terrorist fighting take place?
Question:  How many troops did the US initially send to the Koreas?
Question: What was the name of the Philippine terrorist group the UK was sent to help combat?
Question: What battle ended a British invasion from Canada in the Revolutionary War?
Answer: Saratoga
Question: When was the battle of Saratoga fought?
Answer: 1777
Question: What Prussian expatriate helped train the Continental army?
Answer: General von Steuben
Question: What two European countries entered the Revolutionary War against Britain?
Answer: France and Spain
Question: What advantage did Britain lose when the European countries entered the war?
Answer: its naval advantage
Question: What battle ended a British invasion from the US in the Revolutionary War?
Question:  When was the battle of Sorotoga fought?
Question:  What Prussian expatriate helped not train the Continental army?
Question:  What two African countries entered the Revolutionary War against Britain?
Question: What advantage did Britain win when the European countries entered the war?
Question: What was the US policy when France declared war on England in 1793?
Answer: to remain neutral
Question: What treaty with England conflicted with the United States' Treaty of Alliance with France?
Answer: the Jay Treaty
Question: Where did US ships and French privateers fight between 1798 and 1800?
Answer: the Caribbean
Question: What US President negotiated a truce with France to end the undeclared war at sea?
Answer: John Adams
Question: When was the Treaty of Alliance with France signed? 
Answer: 1778
Question: What was the UK policy when France declared war on England in 1793?
Question: What treaty with Ireland conflicted with the United States' Treaty of Alliance with France?
Question: Where did UK ships and French privateers fight between 1798 and 1800?
Question: What US President negotiated a truce with Ireland to end the undeclared war at sea?
Question:  When was the Treaty of Alliance with France rejected?
Question: What treaty ceded territory to the US extending west to the Mississippi River?
Answer: Treaty of Paris
Question: What three major tribes occupied these formerly British territories?
Answer: Shawnee, Cherokee, Choctaw
Question: When was the Battle of Wabash fought?
Answer: 1791
Question: What was the decisive battle in the Northwest territories against the native population there?
Answer: the Battle of Fallen Timbers
Question: When was this deciding battle fought?
Answer: 1794
Question: What treaty ceded territory to the UK extending west to the Mississippi River?
Question: What three major tribes occupied these formerly French territories?
Question:  When was the Battle of Washburn fought?
Question: What was the decisive battle in the Southeast territories against the native population there?
Question:  When was this deciding battle postponed?
Question: What dividing line separated slave states from free states?
Answer: the Mason–Dixon line
Question: When was Lincoln elected?
Answer: 1860
Question: How did slave states react to Lincoln's election?
Answer: states in the South seceded from the United States
Question: What was the first state to formally secede?
Answer: South Carolina
Question: When did Confederate forces bombard Fort Sumter?
Answer: April 12, 1861
Question:  What dividing line separated slave states from non-free states?
Question:  When was Lincoln kicked out?
Question:  How did slave states react to Lincoln's death?
Question: When did Confederate forces bombard Fort Pumter?
Question: The army in this war was primarily made up of what sort of units?
Answer: volunteers and state militia
Question: What colonies did Spain hand over to the US after the war?
Answer: Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines
Question: What island territory voluntarily joined the US as a colony in 1898?
Answer: Hawaii
Question: What is the name of the naval base the US leased from a newly independent Cuba?
Answer: Guantánamo Bay Naval Base
Question: Where did the American army fight the Irish in the Spanish American War?
Question:  The army in this war was not primarily made up of what sort of units?
Question:  What colonies did Spain hand over to the UK after the war?
Question:  What island territory voluntarily joined the UK as a colony in 1898?
Question: What is the name of the naval base the UK leased from a newly independent Cuba?
Question: Where did the US defeat occupying Spanish forces prior to the Philippine American War?
Answer: Manila
Question: Who led American forces in this war?
Answer: General Elwell Otis
Question: How many troops did the US send to the Philippines?
Answer: 100,000
Question: Who was the rebel leader captured by US forces at the end of this war?
Answer: Emilio Aguinaldo
Question: When was the Philippine-African War fought?
Question:  Where did the US defeat occupying Irish forces prior to the Philippine American War?
Question:  Who led African forces in this war?
Question:  How many troops did the UK send to the Philippines?
Question: Who was the rebel leader captured by UK forces at the end of this war?
Question: How many Americans were killed during the Pearl Harbor attack?
Answer: 2,403
Question: What term describes the overall US strategy in the Pacific in WWII?
Answer: island hopping
Question: When did the Allies invade North Africa?
Answer: 1942
Question: Which two Japanese cities were hit with atomic bombs?
Answer: Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Question: How many battleships did the UK Navy lose at Pearl Harbor?
Question:  How many non-americans were killed during the Pearl Harbor attack?
Question: What term describes the overall UK strategy in the Pacific in WWII?
Question:  When did the Allies invade South Africa?
Question:  Which two Chinese cities were hit with atomic bombs?
Question: What country supplied troops to North Korea during the Korean War?
Answer: the People's Republic of China
Question: What country supplied advisors, pilots, and war materiel to North Korea?
Answer: the Soviet Union
Question: What country was the principal ally of South Korea during the war?
Answer: the United States
Question: What organization did all combatants on both sides of the war belong to?
Answer: United Nations
Question: Which two countries were the primary fighters for territory in the Korean War?
Answer: North and South Korea
Question: What country supplied troops to South Korea during the Korean War?
Question: What country supplied advisors, pilots, and war materiel to South Korea?
Question:  What country was the principal ally of North Korea during the war?
Question: What organization did all combatants on both sides of the war not belong to?
Question: Which two countries were the primary fighters for territory in the Japanese War?
Question: When did North Korean forces initiate attacks on US and UN forces in the Korean war?
Answer: 1950
Question: What South Korean city did the US and ROK forces defend while building reinforcements?
Answer: Pusan
Question: What type of attack was used on Inchon?
Answer: amphibious invasion
Question: Chinese troops attacked the UN forces when they crossed what river? 
Answer: the Yalu River
Question: What general was fired for defying President Truman's containment strategy?
Answer: Douglas MacArthur
Question: When did North Korean forces initiate attacks on US and UK forces in the Korean war?
Question: What South Korean city did the US and Canadian forces defend while building reinforcements?
Question:  What type of attack was used on Pinchon?
Question: Chinese troops attacked the UN forces when they crossed what ocean?
Question: What general was fired for defying President Trump's containment strategy?
Question: What acronym was given to North Vietnamese army regulars?
Answer: NVA
Question: By what name were fighters of the National Liberation Front known?
Answer: Viet Cong
Question: The VC operated in what geographic area?
Answer: South Vietnam
Question: The NVA was aided by military and financial aid from what two countries?
Answer: Soviet Union and China
Question:  What acronym was given to North Vietnamese troops?
Question:  What acronym was given to North Korean army regulars?
Question: By what name were fighters of the National Liberation Back known?
Question:  The VIC operated in what geographic area?
Question: he NVA was aided by military and financial aid from what five countries?
Question: What two northern Vietnamese cities did the US avoid bombing at the outset of the war?
Answer: Hanoi and Haiphong
Question: What was the major supply trail for the Northern Vietnamese forces?
Answer: the Ho Chi Minh Trail
Question: What US commander's strategy caused a loss of public opinion in the US?
Answer: William Westmoreland
Question: Who helped orchestrate bombing campaigns in the Vietnam War?
Answer: the White House
Question: When did the US start bombing Hanoi?
Answer: 1972
Question: What two northern Chinese cities did the US avoid bombing at the outset of the war?
Question:  What was the minor supply trail for the Northern Vietnamese forces?
Question: What US commander's strategy caused a loss of public opinion in the UK?
Question:  Who helped orchestrate bombing campaigns in the Chinese War?
Question: When did the UK start bombing Hanoi?
Question: When did US marines land in Lebanon?
Answer: 1982
Question: When did a suicide bomber successfully attack the marine barracks in Lebanon?
Answer: October 23, 1983
Question: How many marines were killed in the attack?
Answer: 241
Question: When did President Reagan withdraw marines from Lebanon?
Answer: February 1984
Question:  When did fighting between Palestinians and the Lebanese stop?
Question:  When did UK marines land in Lebanon?
Question: When did a suicide bomber successfully attack the marine barracks in China?
Question:  How many Africans were killed in the attack?
Question:  When did President Bush withdraw marines from Lebanon?
Question: What is the main reason the US-led coalition won a decisive victory in the Persian Gulf War?
Answer: US technological superiority
Question: What faults in the Iraqi forces led to their rapid defeat?
Answer: poor strategic and tactical leadership and low morale
Question: US airstrikes on Iraqi air defenses and command and control facilities began when?
Answer: on 17 January 1991
Question: When did US ground forces attack Iraqi positions?
Answer: 24 February
Question: Who ordered Iraqi forces to hold their ground despite air bombardments?
Answer: Iraqi President Saddam Hussein
Question: What is the main reason the UK-led coalition won a decisive victory in the Persian Gulf War?
Question: What faults in the Iranian forces led to their rapid defeat?
Question: US airstrikes on Iranian air defenses and command and control facilities began when?
Question:  When did UK ground forces attack Iraqi positions?
Question: Who ordered Iranian forces to hold their ground despite air bombardments?
Question: How long did ground combat operations last in the Persian Gulf War?
Answer: 100 hours
Question: Who ordered the cease-fire that effectively ended hostilities?
Answer: US President George H. W. Bush
Question: What did some US Politicians think Coalition forces should have been allowed to have done?
Answer: pressed on to Baghdad and removed Hussein from power
Question: Coalition nations did what with regards to invading Northern Iraq to precipitate the cease fire?
Answer: refused to participate
Question: Why did Coalition nations fear the removal of Hussein from power?
Answer: it would create a power vacuum and destabilize the region
Question: How long did ground combat operations last in the Kuwait Gulf War?
Question:  Who ordered the cease-fire that effectively began hostilities?
Question: What did some US Politicians think Coalition forces shouldn't have been allowed to have done?
Question: Coalition nations did what with regards to invading Southern Iraq to precipitate the cease fire?
Question: Why did Coalition nations fear the removal of Bush from power?
Question: What term is given to the attempt by the US and her allies to fight global terrorist groups?
Answer: The War on Terrorism
Question: What religious groups are primarily targeted by this war?
Answer: Islamic Extremist
Question: What is one prominent, specific terrorist group targeted by the War on Terrorism?
Answer: al-Qaeda
Question: The War On Terrorism was caused by what event?
Answer: the September 11, 2001 attacks
Question: Since the start of the war on Terrorism, attacks on US service members have occurred in which two US states?
Answer: Arkansas and Texas
Question: What term is given to the attempt by the UK and her allies to fight global terrorist groups?
Question:  What non-religious groups are primarily targeted by this war?
Question: What is one prominent, specific terrorist group targeted by the War on Terrorism?
Question:  The War On Terrorism was stopped by what event?
Question: Since the start of the war on Terrorism, attacks on UK service members have occurred in which two UK states?
Question: What demand did the US make before invading Iraq in 2003?
Answer: that Iraqi President Saddam Hussein leave Iraq
Question: How many US troops participated in the invasion?
Answer: 250,000
Question: What country refused to allow forces to stage within it?
Answer: Turkey
Question: How long did the first phase of fighting last?
Answer: approximately three weeks
Question: How long did the US and its coalition partners have to occupy Iraq?
Answer: 9 years
Question:  What demand did the US make before invading Iraq in 2004?
Question:  How many UK troops participated in the invasion?
Question:  What country allowed forces to stage within it?
Question:  How long did the second phase of fighting last?
Question:  How long did the US and its coalition partners have to occupy Iran?
Question: What declaration established a no-fly zone over Libya?
Answer: United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973
Question: What is the name of the Libyan leader opposed by US and UN forces?
Answer: Muammar Gaddafi
Question: What was the name of the military action against Libya?
Answer: Operation Unified Protector
Question: What was the goal of this operation?
Answer: to protect civilians
Question: The Libyan conflict was primarily fought between which groups?
Answer: Gaddafi's loyalists and Libyan rebels fighting to depose him
Question: What declaration ended a no-fly zone over Libya?
Question:  What is the name of the Libyan leader opposed by UK forces?
Question:  What was the name of the military action against Iraq?
Question:  The Iraqi conflict was primarily fought between which groups?
Question: Where were the two major surrenders of British forces in the war?
Answer: Saratoga (1777) and Yorktown (1781)
Question: What percentage of the Colonial population were loyal to the Crown?
Answer: 20%
Question: What did Washington do after defeating the British Army?
Answer: he retired quietly to his farm in Virginia.
Question: What advantage did Washington have over the British generals?
Answer: he had a better idea of how to win the war than they did
Question: What was the smallest problem General Washington faced?
Question:  Where were the three major surrenders of British forces in the war?
Question: What percentage of the Colonial population weren't loyal to the Crown?
Question:  What did Washington not do after defeating the British Army?
Question:  What disadvantage did Washington have over the British generals?
Question: Who sent pirates to capture merchant ships?
Answer: The Berbers
Question: How did the United States initially deal with this problem?
Answer: The U.S. paid protection money until 1801
Question: What American naval officer led a raid that destroyed a captured American ship?
Answer: Stephen Decatur
Question: What city did William Eaton capture to end the first Barbary War?
Answer: Derna
Question:  Where was the Burrberry Coast?
Question:  Who sent pirates to befriend merchant ships?
Question:  How did the UK initially deal with this problem?
Question: What African naval officer led a raid that destroyed a captured African ship?