Château de Vincennes Porte Maillot
What was the terminus of Paris Métro Line 1 from Mar 1934 to Apr 1937?
Paris Métro Line 1 Paris Métro Line 1 ( French : Ligne 1 du métro de Paris ) is one of the sixteen lines of the Paris Métro . It connects La Défense–Grande Arche in the northwest and Château de Vincennes in the southeast . With a length of , it constitutes an important east–west transportation route within the City of Paris . Excluding RER ( ) commuter lines , it is the most utilised line on the network with 181.2 million travellers in 2017 or 496,000 people per day on average . The line was the networks first to open , with its inaugural section entering service in 1900 . It is also the networks first line to be converted from manually driven operation to fully automated operation . Conversion , which commenced in 2007 and was completed in 2011 , included new rolling stock ( MP 05 ) and laying of platform edge doors in all stations . The first eight MP 05 trains ( 501 through 508 ) went into passenger service on 3 November 2011 , allowing the accelerated transfer of the existing MP 89 CC stock to Line 4 ; however , as of 2019 , Line 4 is also being converted to automated operations . The conversion allowed Line 1 to operate as the systems second fully automated line , after Line 14 . A transition to fully automated services was done without major interruption to passenger traffic . The new MP 05 rolling stock was able to operate efficiently alongside the manually-driven MP 89 CC rolling stock until there were enough MP 05 to no longer facilitate the need of the MP 89 . Full automation was achieved for evening services in May 2012 , with an increase to weekend services by August 2012 . As of 15 December 2012 , Line 1 is fully automated . The remaining five MP 89 CC trains remained stored on Line 1 near the Fontenay workshops until a new garage for Line 4 was opened south of the new Mairie de Montrouge station in February 2013 . History . The Parisian metropolitan network has its origins in several decades of debate , more or less bizarre projects and tug of war between the State ( which was favourable to the interconnection of large rail networks with large undergrounds ) and the City Hall of Paris ( which wanted a small-scale network , serving only the inner city with very close stations , effectively prohibiting access to the equipment of the large railway companies ) . The deterioration of traffic conditions in Paris , the example of foreign capitals and the approach of the 1900 Universal Exhibition convinced the authorities to start construction of the metro . The solution proposed by the Mayor of Paris is finally adopted ; the State conceded the design and construction of the work to the City of Paris . After the adoption by the municipal council on 20 April 1896 of the network project of Fulgence Bienvenüe and Edmond Huet , the metropolitan railway was declared a public utility by a law that became effective 30 March 1898 . In November 1898 , the City of Paris decided to undertake preliminary work of the metro network with the construction of the first line of the Parisian subway system . Work lasted twenty months under the leadership of engineer Fulgence Bienvenüe and was financed by the municipality of Paris . The line was divided into eight parts distributed between several companies . On 19 July 1900 , the line was opened between Porte Maillot and Porte de Vincennes to connect the various sites of the World Fair . Only eight stations were finalised and opened with the inauguration ; ten more were gradually opened between 6 August and 1 September 1900 . The line followed the east–west monument axis in Paris . These eighteen stations were entirely built under the control of engineer Fulgence Bienvenüe , the majority of them 75 metres long and 4.10 metres wide . In March 1934 , the first extension into the suburbs brought service to Château of Vincennes towards the east . Chronology . - 20 April 1896 : the Paris City Council adopts the Fulgence Bienvenüe network project . - 30 March 1898 : declaration of public utility of the first six lines of the metropolitan railway . - 4 October 1898 : launch of works of Line 1 . - 19 July 1900 : Inauguration of Line 1 between Porte de Vincennes and Porte Maillot . Only 8 of the 18 planned stations were opened . - 6 August and 1 September 1900 : The other 10 stations of the line opened . - 24 March 1934 : The line was extended to the east from Porte de Vincennes to the castle of Vincennes . - 15 November 1936 : Porte Maillot station was rebuilt in order to allow a further extension of the line to the west . - 29 April 1937 : The line was extended to the west from Porte Maillot to Pont de Neuilly . - 1963 : The rails were converted in order to accommodate rubber-tyred trains ( the MP 59 ) . At the same time , stations were enlarged in order to accommodate 6-car trains instead of 5-car trains . - 1 April 1992 : The line was extended again to the west from Pont de Neuilly to La Défense business district . - 1997 : MP 89 CC rolling stock was introduced , replacing the older MP 59 stock . - 2007 : Automation project commenced . - 3 November 2011 : Cascading of MP 89CC to MP 05 stock began , as the automation project ( construction ) was completed . - May 2012 : Full automation is achieved for evening services . - July 2012 : Full automation is achieved for weekend services . - 15 December 2012 : Full automation reaches 100% status , allowing the MP 89CC to no longer be needed on Line 1 . Rolling stock . Line 1 has had five different types of rolling stock throughout the years : - M1 ( Westinghouse ) : 1900–1921 - Sprague-Thomson : 1913–1964 - MP 59 : 1963–1998 - MP 89CC : 1997–2012 - MP 05 : 2011–present Automation . After successfully opening Line 14 as a fully automated line , the RATP began to explore the possibility of automating existing lines on the system . The agency first focused on Line 1 , since it is the busiest of all of the Paris subway lines , and also the line most frequented by tourists . Automation not only allowed Paris to remain as a model for technological innovations in the railway industry but also increases the number of lines in normal service when RATP workers are striking ( MP 05 rolling stock ) . This was shown when the transport union engaged in industrial action in September 2019 without affecting service on Line 1 . Work began in 2007 and was largely carried out without interrupting passenger traffic . Preliminary work involved electrical and signaling upgrades throughout the entire line . Work also commenced on converting the original Porte Maillot station ( also known as Espace Maillot ) into a light maintenance facility for the MP 05 rolling stock . In 2009 , work commenced on installing platform screen doors ; with Bérault and Porte Maillot being the first stations to be equipped . Due to its curved platform , Bastille ( in 2011 ) was among the last stations to be equipped . During this time , individual stations were intermittently closed to allow platforms to be leveled with the height of the train floors ( from ) . Although most of the stations remain the same as they were prior to automation ( with the exception of the platform screen doors ) , many stations like St . Paul , received brand new signage . Franklin D . Roosevelt received a complete overhaul from its post World War II facade to a more contemporary & modern look . On 3 November 2011 , the first eight trains of the new MP 05 rolling stock were put into service on Line 1 . These trains ran alongside the MP 89 CC rolling stock until enough automated stock was available for passenger service . This cascading was achieved thanks to the SAET ( ) system , which is the first version of Siemens Transportation Systems Trainguard MT CBTC . The arrival of the new stock allowed the RATP to accelerate transfer of the MP 89 from Line 1 to Line 4 at a rate of about 2 to 3 trains per month between November 2011 and November 2012 . That rate increased to 4 trains per month during November and December 2012 . Major milestones were reached in May and July 2012 as full automation reached sufficient levels by which the MP 89 were no longer needed during late evenings and weekends respectively . For the Nuit Blanche during October 2012 , Line 1 also operated in full automation . The final milestone was reached on 15 December 2012 , as full automation of Line 1 approached 100% , allowing the remaining MP 89 trains to be pulled from regular service on 21 December 2012 . Due to insufficient storage space on Line 4 , the remaining 6 to 7 MP 89 trains remained stored on the Line 1 tracks near Fontenay until a new garage in the Montrouge area opened . That opening was tentatively set for February/March 2013 and will coincide with the opening of the new Mairie de Montrouge station opening on Line 4 . Future . A western extension of Line 1 from La Défense station to the center of Nanterre is being considered . Another proposal being investigated would have a new station constructed at Fontenay – Rigollots , just before the line climbs to the surface to enter Fontenay shops , and then continue eastward to Val de Fontenay to connect with RER lines A and E . Map and stations . This line has 25 stations . Renamed stations . - The Louvre station renamings were made after the entrance to the museum was moved following construction of the Louvre Pyramid . Tourism . Line 1 passes near several places of interest : - La Défense high-rise business district , where the most prominent landmark is the Grande Arche . The newly opened U Arena , future home of rugbys Racing 92 , is nearby . - The Arc de Triomphe at Charles de Gaulle-Étoile . A 289 step staircase is open to the public and leads to the top of the Arch . There is also a museum on the top floor . - LAvenue des Champs-Élysées . - The Place de la Concorde dominated by the Obelisk , Tuileries garden and Louvre museum . - The Louvre station has copies of works of art from the museum and has historical information . The stations benches are made of glass and the Western portal has Roman-inspired arches along the platform edge . - The Hôtel de Ville ( Paris City Hall ) and the Marais district . - Bastille and the nearby Opera . - Gare de Lyon train station . - The Place de la Nation . - The Bois de Vincennes ( Vincennes Wood ) and Paris Zoological Park ( Vincennes Zoo ) . - The Château de Vincennes . A medieval castle to the east of Paris . External links . - RATP official website - RATP english speaking website - Interactive Map of the RER ( from RATPs website ) - Interactive Map of the Paris métro ( from RATPs website ) - Metro-Pole website , dedicated to Paris public transports ( unofficial )