Viktor Klyushnikov
Who was the editor of Niva (magazine) from 1887 to 1892?
Niva ( magazine ) Niva ( ) ( Grainfield ) was the most popular magazine of late-nineteenth-century Russia ; it lasted from 1870 to 1918 , and defined itself on its masthead as an illustrated weekly journal of literature , politics and modern life . Niva was the first of the thin magazines , illustrated weeklies that contrasted with the more serious and ideologically focused monthly thick journals intended for the educated reader . History . It was founded by A . F . Marx , a German immigrant who saw that Russia lacked moderately priced magazines of general interest . He intended Niva to be a politically neutral family magazine , but the periodical soon outgrew its original purpose and became an ambitious vehicle for the dissemination of good literature in the provinces . It was read by an audience that extended from primary schoolteachers , rural parish priests , and the urban middle class to the gentry . One of its most popular features was the bonus premiums offered as an inducement to subscribe ; at first these consisted of large colored prints of art in traditional style by artists such as Konstantin Makovsky . Later science and literature supplements were added , as well as a childrens section ; by the end of the century , the most important premium was the collected works of Russian classical authors : By 1912 Niva subscribers had received much of the best in Russian literature , including the works of Gogol , Lermontov , Goncharov , Dostoevsky , Turgenev , Leskov , Chekhov , and others . In his autobiography , Maxim Gorky says that his employers in the early 1880s subscribed to Niva for the cut-out patterns and the prize offers ; but they never read it ; he himself , however , was enthralled by the volumes he pulled out from under their bed and read at night : [ T ] he pictures and their captions.. . placed in my ken a world which widened every day , a world splendid like the cities of romance . They brought me views of lofty peaks and lovely beaches . Life unfolded its marvels ; earth became more enchanting , studded with towns and laden with treasures . Niva was very successful ; starting with 9,000 readers in its first year , by the early twentieth century it had a circulation of over 200,000 . Its editorial office was at 22 Malaya Morskaya Street . It was a large publication , almost the size of a tabloid newspaper ; in 1900 a typical issue had 24 pages . Most of the text consisted of serialized fiction by respected writers ; there were also short news and sports reports , ethnographic essays , and notes on science and technology , as well as information on all aspects of city life . Its editors included Viktor Klyushnikov ( 1870 to 1892 , with interruptions ) , Dmitry Stakheev ( 1875—1877 ) , Fedor Berg ( 1878—1887 ) , Mikhail Volkonsky ( 1892—1894 ) , Alexei Tikhonov-Lugovoi ( 1895—1897 ) , Rostislav Sementkovsky ( 1897—1904 ) , and Valerian Ivchenko-Svetlov ( 1910—1916 ) . Among its contributors over the years were A . K . Tolstoy , Fyodor Tyutchev , Leo Tolstoy ( his Resurrection was first serialized in Niva ) , Nikolai Leskov , Grigory Danilevsky , Afanasy Fet , Anton Chekhov , Maxim Gorky , Vladimir Solovyov , Alexander Blok , Sergei Yesenin , Korney Chukovsky , Ivan Bunin , Osip Mandelstam , Anna Akhmatova , Nikolay Gumilyov , Valery Bryusov , Dmitry Merezhkovsky , Georgy Ivanov , Konstantin Balmont , Mikhail Kuzmin , Fyodor Sologub , Teffi , Alexander Grin , and Ilya Ehrenburg , among many others . After Marxs death in 1904 , Niva was published by the A . F . Marx Publishing and Printing Company , which was bought by the literary entrepreneur Ivan Sytin in 1916 . It continued to be popular after the October Revolution , especially in the provinces ( in the capitals it was the object of frequent jokes by the sophisticated ) , but was closed by the Bolsheviks in September 1918 . Further reading . - Zhabreva Anna Ernestovna . ( 2006 ) History of Russian Costume from ancient times to the end of the eighteenth century in the magazine Niva ( История русского костюма с древних времен до конца XVIII века на страницах журнала Нива ) at Runivers.ru Sources . - Saint Petersburg Encyclopedia entry - Jeffrey Brooks , When Russia Learned to Read : Literacy and Popular Literature , 1861-1917 , Northwestern University Press , 2003 ( ) .