titular Archbishop auxiliary bishop
Which position did Bolesław Kominek hold from Apr 1951 to Mar 1962?
Bolesław Kominek Bolesław Kominek ( 23 December 1903 – 10 March 1974 ) was a Polish Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church . He served as Archbishop of Wrocław from 1972 until his death , and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1973 . Biography . Bolesław Kominek was born in Radlin II , German Empire to Franciszek , a miner , and Kataryna ( née Kozielskich ) Kominek . Studying at the gymnasium of Rybnik , and at the Catholic University of Kraków , he received the subdiaconate in 1926 from Cardinal August Hlond , S.D.B. , and the diaconate in 1926 from Bishop Arkadiusz Lisiecki . He was ordained to the priesthood by the same Bishop Lisiecki on 11 September 1927 in Katowice ( Autonomous Silesian Voivodeship , Poland ) , and then furthered his studies at the Catholic Institute of Paris and did pastoral work among the Polish immigrants in Paris until 1930 . Kominek did pastoral work in the Diocese of Katowice from 1930 to 1939 , and with Polish fugitives during World War II until 1945 , serving in Lublin , Katowice , and Upper Silesia . With the unilateral shifting westward of the border between Poland and Germany , most of the archdiocese of Wrocław/Breslau was now within Poland , but smaller parts were in East Germany and Czechoslovakia . Until the matter was eased by a treaty between West Germany , claiming succession of pre-1945 Germany , and the Peoples Republic of Poland , the Holy See could not endorse the alteration of the border by reorganizing the identities and boundaries of dioceses untried . It continued therefore to recognize as vicar capitular of the archdiocese Father ( 1878–1963 ) , a Polish-speaking German priest who had been elected after the death of Cardinal Adolf Bertram on 6 July 1945 . Cardinal Hlond , on the basis of special faculties granted to him but that in reality did not apply to the former German territories , required Piontek to resign from his position of vicar general of the territory east of the new border . On 28 February 1946 Pope Pius XII granted Piontek , when still residing in Wrocław , the rights of a residing bishop . Piontek was expelled from Poland to the British zone of occupation on 9 July , however , he could return to the archdiocese in March 1947 , then taking office at the new ordinariate in East German Görlitz , built up since September 1945 . On 15 August 1945 Hlond appointed administrators for the three sections into which he divided the Polish archdiocesan territory with effect of 1 September . Kominek was the administrator whom he appointed for the area of Opole , an appointment that was not recognized by the Holy See . Komineks ministry there was , in any case , interrupted on 26 January 1951 by the Polish Communist regime . Soon after , on 26 April 1951 , Pope Pius XII appointed Kominek titular bishop of Sophene and Pastoral Representative with residence in Wrocław . However , the Communist regime forbade him taking up residence there and from being consecrated . Nevertheless , Kominek was secretly consecrated as bishop on 10 October 1954 at the hands of Bishop Franciszek Barda , with Bishops Franciszek Jop and Wojciech Tomaka serving as co-consecrators . The consecration was kept secret until 1956 , when he could finally move to Wrocław and was appointed on 1 December titular Bishop of Vaga . On 19 March 1962 he was raised in rank by being named titular Archbishop of Euchaitae and on 25 May 1962 was appointed apostolic administrator ad nutum Sanctae Sedis . On 28 September 1958 , he and Bishop Jop were co-consecrators at the episcopal consecration by Archbishop Eugeniusz Baziak of Karol Wojtyla , the future Pope John Paul II , as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Krakow . Between 1962 and 1965 , he attended sessions of the Second Vatican Council . It was there on 18 November 1965 , during the end of deliberations , that the Message of Polish Bishops to their German brothers was delivered . This Message of Reconciliation was initiated by Archbishop Kominek and he was one of its foremost co-authors , along with Karol Wojtyla and others . This outreach angered the Communist hierarchy in Poland who claimed that among other things it interfered with the foreign policy of the state . It provoked verbal attacks on the Church by First Secretary Gomułka . Throughout the country the communist authorities unleashed a propaganda campaign against the episcopate and personally against Stefan Wyszyński , the Primate of Poland . Church historians , such as Józef Pater , recognized the contribution of Cardinal Kominek to the normalization of diplomatic relations between Poland and Germany , which was finalized in the 1970 Warsaw Agreement which enabled stabilization of church organization in the western and northern reaches of Poland . In June 1966 , Życie Warszawy called for the replacement of Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński by Kominek . Kominek responded by stating , On questions of the existence of the Church , we [ the hierarchy ] are always together . On 28 June 1972 in response to the Warsaw Agreement , Pope Paul VI appointed Kominek the second Archbishop of Wrocław . In the consistory of 5 March 1973 , he made him Cardinal Priest of Santa Croce in Via Flaminia . One year later , Cardinal Kominek died in Wrocław , at the age of 70 . He is buried at the Wrocław Cathedral . In 2005 a statue was erected to him in Wrocław . It is located on Piaskowa Island near the Tumski Bridge , at the entrance to Ostrów Tumski . External links . - Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Catholic-Hierarchy - Spherical Panorama on Tube360