London , England
What was the residence of Pat Sullivan (film producer) between Mar 1909 and Apr 1909?
Pat Sullivan ( film producer ) Patrick Peter Pat Sullivan ( 22 February 1885 – 15 February 1933 ) was an Australian-American cartoonist , pioneer animator , and film producer best known for producing the first Felix the Cat silent cartoons . Early life . Sullivan was born in Paddington , New South Wales , the second son of Patrick Sullivan , an immigrant from Ireland and his Sydney-born wife Margaret , née Hayes . Around 1909 , Sullivan left Australia and spent a few months in London , England , before moving to the United States around 1910 . He worked as assistant to newspaper cartoonist William Marriner and drew four strips of his own . When Marriner died in 1914 , Sullivan joined the new animated cartoon studio set up by Raoul Barré . In 1915 , Sullivan was fired by Barre for general incompetence . In 1916 , William Randolph Hearst , the newspaper magnate , set up a studio to produce animated cartoons based on his papers strips and hired Barres best animators . Sullivan decided to start his own studio and made a series called Sammy Johnsin based on a Marriner strip on which he had worked . This was followed by a series of shorts starring The Tramp . As Mickey Mouse was gaining popularity among theatre audiences through sound cartoons by late 1928 , Sullivan , after years of refusing to convert Felix to sound , finally agreed to use sound in Felixs cartoons . Unfortunately , Sullivan did not carefully prepare this process and put sound in cartoons that the studio had already completed . By 1930 , Felix had faded from the screen . Sullivan relented in 1933 , and announced that Felix would return in sound , but died that year before production began . By the early 1930s , Sullivans alcoholism had completely consumed him . According to artist George Cannata , Sulivan would often fire employees in a drunken haze , not remembering the next day , when they would return to work as if nothing had happened . According to Shamus Culhane , Sullivan artist Al Eugster recalled that Sullivan was [ t ] he most consistent man in the business—consistent in that he was never sober . According to Otto Messmer , Sullivan drank all day long and was never in a sound enough state of mind to contribute creatively to the cartoons he produced . In later years , much of Sullivans staff was interviewed and claimed Messmer deserved all credit for the Felix characters creation and development , arguing that Sullivan was too sick to contribute or even really run the studio . Death . Sullivan died on 15 February 1933 in New York City at age 47 from health problems brought on by alcoholism and pneumonia . ( At the time , newspapers attributed his death to only pneumonia. ) He is buried in Cathedral Cemetery in Scranton , Pennsylvania . Character creations . - Felix the Cat ( disputed ) - Great Idea Jerry - Old Pop Perkins - Johnny Boston Beans - Obliging Oliver Controversies . Rape conviction . In 1917 , Sullivan was convicted of rape in the second degree of a 14-year-old girl . He spent 9 months and 3 days in prison , during which time his studio went on hiatus . Racism . Sullivan reportedly carried a strong bias against African Americans . According to Rudy Zamora , when he and Eddie Salter tested for positions at the Sullivan studio , they were bested by a young African American boy . Zamora recalled that animator Dana Parker took the black boy [ aside ] and told him that they’ll call him when they needed him , [ as they were ] not hiring anyone that day . But they kept Eddie and I . That was lousy . Then they would have hired this black guy and myself . Ed was third . When Zamora complained about this to Parker , he was told , The old man ( Sullivan ) didn’t want any black guys . Involvement in the creation of Felix the Cat . It is a matter of some dispute whether Felix was created by Sullivan or his top animator Otto Messmer . Some animation historians accepted Messmers claim , as he was the principal animator on the Felix series . However , Sullivan was drawing cartoons for Paramount Magazine by 1919 and later when he signed a contract as an animator with Paramount Studios in March 1920 , one of the subjects specified in his curriculum vitae was a black cat named Felix who had first appeared in Paramount Magazine as a character named Master Tom in a cartoon series named Feline Follies , tending to support Sullivans claim definitively . Firsthand accounts were recorded in print , notably a recollection from 1953 by Australian writer Hugh McCrae , who was sharing an apartment with Pat Sullivan just before Felix was created . It comes properly as a postscript that in New York McCrae shared a flat with Pat Sullivan , the famed creator of Felix , the Cat . When a film about Felix was being planned , Sullivan suggested that McCrae should do the drawings while he ( Sullivan ) supplied the ideas . McCrae refused and has regretted it ever since . Australian cartoonists find the Messmer claim not credible . Messmer came forward decades after Pat Sullivans death , claimed Felix was his creation and placed the place of creation of the lucrative character in his own house , away from his bosss office . He excluded Pat Sullivan completely , and yet the lettering throughout the creation matches Pat Sullivans hand . It is also telling that a cartoon kitten says MUM in Feline Follies , with the Australian/British spelling , rather than MOM , the American spelling ; Messmer is less likely to have written that . External links . - http://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/a-chat-with-rudy-zamora/ - Pat Sullivan biography on Lambiek