Manuela Palermi
Who was the head of Party of Italian Communists from Sep 2013 to Nov 2014?
Party of Italian Communists The Party of Italian Communists ( , PdCI ) was a communist party in Italy founded in October 1998 as a split from the Communist Refoundation Party ( PRC ) led by Armando Cossutta , the founder and early leader of the PRC . In December 2014 , the party was transformed into Communist Party of Italy ( PCdI ) , which would later evolve into the re-edition of the Italian Communist Party ( PCI ) . History . Foundation and early years . In October 1998 , the PRC was divided between those who wanted to stop supporting Romano Prodis first government , led by PRC secretary Fausto Bertinotti ; and those who wanted to continue the alliance , led by PRC president Cossutta . The central committee endorsed Bertinottis line , but Cossutta and his followers decided to support Prodi whatsoever . The votes of cossuttiani were not enough and the government lost a confidence vote in Parliament . The dissidents , who controlled the majority of deputies and senators , split and formed a rival communist outfit , the PdCI , which immediately joined the first cabinet led by Massimo DAlema , leader of the Democrats of the Left and first post-communist to hold the job of Prime Minister of Italy . Under DAlema , PdCIs Oliviero Diliberto served as Minister of Justice . Despite the split of most of PRCs parliamentary representation , the PRC remained more popular than the PdCI with voters , both in the 1999 European Parliament election ( 4.3% to 2.0% ) and the 2001 general election ( 5.0% to 1.7% ) . Leadership of Diliberto . Diliberto , who had been elected secretary in 2000 , led the PdCI to continue its participation in the centre-left coalition ( known at the time as The Olive Tree ) at the 2001 general election , which registered a victory by Silvio Berlusconis centre-right House of Freedoms coalition . The PdCI obtained 1.7% of the vote and a handful of deputies and senators . In the 2006 general election , the party was a member of the winning The Union coalition and won 2.4% of the vote and 16 deputies while the Together with the Union electoral list consisting of the PdCI , the Federation of the Greens and United Consumers won 11 senators . Subsequently , the PdCI entered Prodis second government , which would last until January 2008 . In the meantime , Diliberto had become the undisputed leader of the party and since 2005 clashes between him and Cossutta became frequent . In 2006 , the latter resigned from president and was replaced by Antonino Cuffaro . In 2007 , Cossutta left the party altogether . For the 2008 general election , the PdCI formed a joint list named Rainbow Left ( SA ) along with the PRC , the Greens and Democratic Left under Bertinottis leadership . SA obtained a mere 3.1% ( compared to 10.2% won by the constituent parties individually two years before ) and no seats . In 2008 , Diliberto was re-elected secretary and proposed to the PRC a re-unification of the two parties through a communist constituent assembly . Out of Parliament . In the run-up of the 2009 European Parliament election , the PdCI formed along with the PRC and minor groups the Anticapitalist and Communist List . The list got 3.4% of the vote and no MEPs . In April 2009 , the list was transformed into the Federation of the Left , which would be disbanded by the end of 2012 and officially dissolved in 2015 . In the 2013 general election , the PdCI ran within Civil Revolution along with the PRC , the Greens , Italy of Values and minor groups , gaining 2.2% of the vote and no seats . The PdCI did not contest the 2014 European Parliament election , withdrawing its early support for The Other Europe electoral list . Before and after the 2009 European election , the PdCI lost its right- and left-wings , respectively . In February , Unite the Left , led by Katia Bellillo ( a former minister ) and Umberto Guidoni ( an incumbent MEP ) , left the party in order to participate in the election with the Left and Freedom list and would eventually merge into Left Ecology Freedom . In June , Marco Rizzo ( the other incumbent MEP and former Dilibertos number two ) was expelled and would later form the hard-line Communist Party . In July 2013 , Diliberto stepped down from secretary after thirteen years and was replaced by Cesare Procaccini , a 65-year-old former metalworker from Marche . Communist Party of Italy . In December 2014 , the PdCI was transformed into Communist Party of Italy , taking the name of the late Communist Party of Italy . Leadership . - Secretary : Armando Cossutta ( 1998–2000 ) , Oliviero Diliberto ( 2000–2013 ) , Cesare Procaccini ( 2013–2014 ) - Coordinator : Marco Rizzo ( 1998–2009 ) , Orazio Licandro ( 2009–2013 ) , Alessandro Pignatiello ( 2013–2014 ) - President : Armando Cossutta ( 2000–2006 ) , Antonino Cuffaro ( 2007–2013 ) , Manuela Palermi ( 2013–2014 ) - Honorary President : Antonino Cuffaro ( 2013–2014 ) - Party Leader in the Chamber of Deputies : Oliviero Diliberto ( 1998 ) , Tullio Grimaldi ( 1998–2001 ) , Marco Rizzo ( 2001–2004 ) , Pino Sgobio ( 2004–2008 ) - Party Leader in the Senate : Luigi Marino ( 1998–2006 ) , Manuela Palermi ( leader of the PdCI-Greens group , 2006–2008 ) - Party Leader in the European Parliament : Lucio Manisco ( 1998–2004 ) , Marco Rizzo ( 2004–2009 ) External links . - Official website