Council of Five Hundred
Claude-Emmanuel de Pastoret became a member of what organization or association in 1795?
Claude-Emmanuel de Pastoret Claude-Emmanuel Joseph Pierre , Marquess of Pastoret ( 24 December 1755 , in Marseille – 28 September 1840 , in Paris ) was a French lawyer , author and politician . Biography . Pastoret was elected member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres on the strength of his Zoroastre , Confucius et Mahomet comparés comme sectaires , legislateurs et moralistes . He was Venerable Master of Les Neuf Sœurs ( A Parisian Freemason chapter ) from 1788 till 1789 . In 1790 Claude-Emannuel Pastoret , then president of the Parisian electoral body to the National Assembly , was offered the offices of Minister of Interior and Minister of Justice by the desperate King Louis XVI . He declined the honours and was elected procureur géneral syndic du département de la Seine . It was in that capacity that he was responsible for the transformation of the église Sainte-Génevieve into a temple for the remains of great citizens of the new state were to be honoured : the Panthéon , Paris . In the National Assembly ( French Revolution ) , he pleaded for the abolition of slavery and the secularisation of the civil state , but he was not a deputy . Elected to the Legislative Assembly by the electors of Paris ( September 1791 ) , he was honoured as the first deputy to be elected President ( 3–17 October 1791 ) . It was common for intellectuals to be elected to public office , and he joined such noteworthies as Condorcet . He most frequently allied himself with the constitutionalist faction and was highly respected by the opponent Girondist faction . He would undertake a variety of projects during the course of the Assembly , including requesting repressive measures against émigrés , the abolition of the New Year address to the Crown and the deletion of the purely honorific designations ( and a more egalitarian form of social address ) . He voted for the abolition of the University of Paris and made a long speech to propose to raise a statue of liberty on the ruins of the Bastille . However , he realised , as time went by , that the reforms that he had been the first to demand increasingly threatened the royal authority he was trying to protect . Several times , he went up to the rostrum to separate the cause of Louis XVI from that of the advisors to the Crown , and he denounced the Protests of 20 June 1792 . After the fall of the French Monarchy ( 10 August 1792 ) , to secure his own safety , he fled to Provence and then into the Savoy region , from where he returned only after the fall of Robespierre ( 9 Thermidor II , or 27 July 1794 ) . Elected by Var to the Council of Five Hundred and called , a few days later ( 6 December 1795 ) , at the Institute , he took his place in the Council among the moderates when he spoke in favor of the freedom of the press , the fugitive priests and parents of émigrés . He also defended royalists and asked that for the remains of Montesquieu to be transferred to the Panthéon , proposed the closure of the popular societies and accused the Directors Barras , Rewbell and La Révellière of fomenting unrest and attracting the hatred of the people on the assembly . In 1795 , he managed to cancel the condemnation to death in-absentia on his friend , the comte de Vaublanc , ( who would be the ultra-royalist Minister of the Interior in 1816 ) , because of his involvement in the royalist insurrection of 13 Vendémiaire IV ( 5 October 1795 ) . In the end , they both fell from grace and were forced to flee into exile together after a sentence of exile was passed against them following the coup détat of 18 Fructidor V 4 September 1797 ) . Under Napoleons First French Empire , he worked on a university career . Under Louis XVIII , he was awarded a French peerage for his extensive work on the Constitutional Charter . In 1830 , he refused to vow loyalty to Louis-Philippe and was deprived of all his functions . His written works include a Traité des lois pénales and an impressive Histoire de la législation ( 11 vol. ) . References . Daniel Ligou ed , Dictionnaire de la Franc-maçonnerie ( Paris : Presses universitaires de France , 1987 )