University of Chicago
What was the name of the employer Deirdre McCloskey work for from 1968 to 2000?
Deirdre McCloskey Deirdre Nansen McCloskey ( born Donald N . McCloskey;September 11 , 1942 in Ann Arbor , Michigan ) is the Distinguished Professor of Economics , History , English , and Communication at the University of Illinois at Chicago ( UIC ) . She is also adjunct professor of Philosophy and Classics there , and for five years was a visiting Professor of philosophy at Erasmus University , Rotterdam . Since October 2007 she has received six honorary doctorates . In 2013 , she received the Julian L . Simon Memorial Award from the Competitive Enterprise Institute for her work examining factors in history that led to advancement in human achievement and prosperity . Her main research interests include the origins of the modern world , the misuse of statistical significance in economics and other sciences , and the study of capitalism , among many others . Career . McCloskey earned her undergraduate and graduate degrees in Economics at Harvard University . Her dissertation , supervised by Alexander Gerschenkron , on British iron and steel won in 1973 the David A . Wells Prize . In 1968 , McCloskey became an assistant professor of economics at the University of Chicago , where she stayed for 12 years , gaining tenure as an associate professor in economics in 1975 , and an associate professorship in history in 1979 . Her work at Chicago , under her birth name Donald McCloskey , is marked by her contribution to the cliometric revolution in economic history , and teaching generations of leading economists Chicago Price Theory , a course which culminated in her book The Applied Theory of Price . In 1979 , at the suggestion of Wayne Booth in English at Chicago , she turned to the study of rhetoric in economics . Later at the University of Iowa , McCloskey , the John Murray Professor of Economics and of History ( 1980–1999 ) , published The Rhetoric of Economics ( 1985 ) and co-founded with John S . Nelson , Allan Megill , and others an institution and graduate program , the Project on Rhetoric of Inquiry . McCloskey has authored 16 books and nearly 400 articles in her many fields . Her major contributions have been to the economic history of Britain ( 19th-century trade , modern history , and medieval agriculture ) , the quantification of historical inquiry ( Cliometrics ) , the rhetoric of economics , the rhetoric of the human sciences , economic methodology , virtue ethics , feminist economics , heterodox economics , the role of mathematics in economic analysis , and the use ( and misuse ) of significance testing in economics , and , in her trilogy The Bourgeois Era , and the origins of the Industrial Revolution . Bourgeois era . Her book The Bourgeois Virtues : Ethics for an Age of Commerce was the first of a planned series of books about the world since the Industrial Revolution—the Bourgeois Era—and was published in 2006 . McCloskey argued that the bourgeoisie , contrary to its self-advertised faith in prudence only , believes in all seven virtues . The second , Bourgeois Dignity : Why Economics Cant Explain the Modern World , was published in 2010 , and argued that the unprecedented increase in human welfare of the 19th and 20th centuries , from $3 per capita per day to over $100 per day , issued not from capitalist accumulation but from innovation . The third , Bourgeois Equality : How Ideas , Not Capital or Institutions , Enriched the World , appeared in 2016 . McCloskey expanded her argument , coining the term Great Enrichment to describe the unprecedented gains in human welfare of the 19th and 20th centuries . She reiterated her argument that the enrichment came from innovation and not from accumulation as argued by many including Thomas Piketty . Personal life . McCloskey is the eldest child of Robert McCloskey , a professor of government at Harvard University , and the former Helen Stueland , a poet . McCloskey was born Donald McCloskey and lived as a man until the age of 53 . Married for thirty years , and the parent of two children , she made the decision to transition from male to female in 1995 , writing about her experience in a New York Times Notable Book of the Year , Crossing : A Memoir ( 1999 , University of Chicago Press ) . It is an account of her growing recognition of her female identity , and her transition—both surgical and social—into a woman ( including her reluctant divorce from her wife ) . The book describes how in her teenage years , McCloskey would commit gender burglaries of neighbors homes , dressing up in the crinoline dresses favored by young women of that era , in addition to shoes , garter belts and all the equipment of a 1950s girl . The memoir then goes on to describe her new life , following sex-reassignment surgery , in her career as a female academic economist and scholar of femininity . McCloskey has advocated on behalf of the rights of persons and organizations in the LGBT community . She was a vocal critic of J . Michael Baileys 2003 book The Man Who Would Be Queen , which popularized the theory of autogynephilia as a motivation for sex reassignment , by the sexologist Ray Blanchard . McCloskey has described herself as a literary , quantitative , postmodern , free-market , progressive Episcopalian , Midwestern woman from Boston who was once a man . Not conservative ! Im a Christian Classical Liberal . In 2008 , McCloskey was awarded an honorary doctorate by NUI Galway . Publications . - Why liberalism works : how true liberal values produce a freer , more equal , prosperous world for all ( 2019 ) , Yale University Press . - Bourgeois Equality : How Ideas , Not Capital or Institutions , Enriched the World ( April 2016 ) , University of Chicago Press . - Bourgeois Dignity : Why Economics Cant Explain the Modern World ( November 2010 ) , University of Chicago Press . - The Cult of Statistical Significance : How the Standard Error Costs Us Jobs , Justice , and Lives ( January 2008 ) , University of Michigan Press ( with Stephen T . Ziliak ) . - The Bourgeois Virtues : Ethics for an Age of Commerce ( June 2006 ) , University of Chicago Press . - The Economic Conversation ( 2008 ) ( with Arjo Klamer and Stephen Ziliak ) - The Secret Sins of Economics ( August 2002 ) , University of Chicago Press . - Crossing : A Memoir ( September 1999 ) . New edition University of Chicago Press , 2000 , - Measurement and Meaning in Economics : The Essential Deirdre McCloskey ( 1999 ) ( edited by Stephen Ziliak ) - The Vices of Economists , the Virtues of the Bourgeoisie ( 1996 ) - Knowledge and Persuasion in Economics ( 1994 ) , Cambridge University Press . - Second Thoughts : Myths and Morals of U.S . Economic History ( 1993 ) ( edited ) - A Bibliography of Historical Economics to 1980 ( 1990 ) - If Youre So Smart : The Narrative of Economic Expertise ( 1990 ) - The Consequences of Economic Rhetoric ( 1988 ) - The Writing of Economics ( 1987 ) reprinted as Economical Writing ( 2000 ) - Econometric History ( 1987 ) - The Rhetoric of the Human Sciences : Language and Argument in Scholarship and Public Affairs ( 1987 ) - The Rhetoric of Economics ( 1985 & 1998 ) - The Applied Theory of Price ( 1982 & 1985 ) - Enterprise and Trade in Victorian Britain : Essays in Historical Economics ( 1981 ) - Economic Maturity and Entrepreneurial Decline : British Iron & Steel , 1870–1913 ( 1973 ) - Essays on a Mature Economy : Britain after 1840 ( 1971 ) Articles . - Pdf . - Pdf .