Amsterdam
What was the working location for Alexander Keirincx from 1641 to 1652?
Alexander Keirincx Alexander Keirincx ( Antwerp , 23 January 1600 – Amsterdam , 1652 ) was a Flemish landscape painter who is known for his wooded landscapes with figures as well as his portraits of English castles and country houses . After training in his native Antwerp , he worked in Utrecht and ultimately to Amsterdam in the Dutch Republic . During a period of sojourn in England in the late 1630s he worked on commissions for the English king . He was a regular collaborator of Cornelis van Poelenburch . Life . Alexander Keirincx was born in Antwerp on 23 January 1600 as the son of Matthijs Keirincx and Anna Mason . He became a master in the Antwerp guild of St . Luke in the guild year 1618–1619 . While it is not recorded who his master was , it has been suggested that it was the leading Antwerp landscape painter Abraham Govaerts . He married Clara Mattheusen on 18 June 1622 . In the guild year 1623-1624 Artus Verhoeven was registered as his pupil . It is possible he visited England in 1625 as three drawings with a pen and washed showing a view of parliament house in London and the Westminster and dated 1625 were recorded in the 18th century . He is for the last time mentioned in Antwerp in 1626 . He is recorded in Amsterdam in 1629 . He was residing in Utrecht in 1632 and may have stayed there until 1637 . It is also possible that he returned to Amsterdam in 1632 where he would have stayed until 1636 . In August 1637 he is recorded in London where he resided until 1641 . He was in the service of King Charles I for whom he painted a series of ten or more paintings of royal castles and places in England and Scotland . He spent time working in Yorkshire and Scotland in 1639 . His time in London overlapped with the residence in England of Utrecht painter Cornelis van Poelenburgh who Keirincx knew from Utrecht . The two artists regularly collaborated with each other . He had returned to Amsterdam in 1641 and obtained citizenship of that city on 30 January 1652 . He died in Amsterdam not long before 7 October 1652 . Work . Keirincx was a specialist landscape painter who is known for his wooded landscapes with figures and portrayals of English castles and country houses . His career and contributions to art history and especially to the development of painting in Britain have long been obscured by mistaken identity , lack of documentation and variant name spellings . In particular , he has erroneously been identified with the English painter Jacob or Johann Carings or Cierings ( c . 1590-1646 ) . Like his presumed master Abraham Govaerts Keirincx initially specialized in small cabinet-sized forest landscapes in the manner of Jan Brueghel the Elder and Gillis van Coninxloo . Also like Govaerts , Keirincxs early works typically show history , mythological or biblical subjects within a Mannerist three-color , schematic landscape bracketed by repoussoir trees . However , during the 1620s and 1630s his landscapes become increasingly naturalistic , influenced by Dutch tonalism in the manner of Pieter de Molyn , Jan van Goyen and others . A key event in Keirincxs career was his sojourn in England during which he received a commission of King Charles I of ten landscape paintings . These depicted mainly views of the kings castles and houses in Northern England and Scotland produced between May 1639 and mid-1640 . Charles commission was likely politically motivated , originally intended to celebrate his campaign and victory over the Scots during the first of the Bishops Wars and when that didnt materialize , a face-saving measure upon the return of his properties by the Scots . One example , Distant View of York at Tate Britain , shows an important site in the campaign of the First Bishops War . The importance of this series and its impact on later painting in Britain is hard to overstate , as Keirincx combined the aesthetic landscape tradition with that of the taste for detailed , topographical views , firmly grounded in Caroline court culture . His are the first house portraits which became a well-established trend in painting in Britain by the later 17th century as practiced for example by Jan Siberechts and Jan Griffier the Elder . Seventeenth-century artistic practice often relied on collaborations between specialist painters . Keirincx was the most frequent collaborator of the Dutch painter Cornelis van Poelenburgh . While the two artists lived near each other in Utrecht during the period between 1632 and 1636 and in London from 1637 to 1641 , their collaboration was not limited to those years . In their collaborations Keirincx usually painted the landscape to which Poelenburgh added the figures . However , in one instance it was Poelenburgh who painted the landscape and figures to which Keirincx added a tree . Fifteen paintings have survived on which they have collaborated , but the artists likely collaborated on more works . Two of the collaborations are signed by both artists , one by Van Poelenburgh only , and most of the others by Keirincx alone . The paintings signed by both artists are the Arcadian landscape with dancing figures ( 1633 , Kunsthalle Bremen ) and the ( 1629 , Musée Fabre ) . Infrared reflectography revealed that in the Forest landscape with figures , van Poelenburgh made some adjustments to the landscape painted first by Keirincx , likely to integrate his figures better into the landscape .