Russia
Which country did Tragheim belong to between May 1991 and Aug 1991?
Tragheim Tragheim was a quarter of northern Königsberg , Germany . Its territory is now part of Kaliningrad , Russia . History . Tragheim was first documented in 1299 , but probably already existed as an Old Prussian farming village in 1255 when the Teutonic Knights conquered Sambia during the Prussian Crusade . The German name Tragheim was derived from the Prussian Trakkeim , meaning a village in a forest clearing ( similar to Trakehnen ) . Germans were a minority in the village along the Schlossteich and the Oberteich during the Middle Ages ; by 1535 Prussian Lithuanians were also documented in Tragheim . Tragheim became a Freiheit suburb under the control of Königsberg Castle , receiving its own court in 1528 and its own seal in 1577 . Its coat of arms depicted a brown deers head between two green fir trees on a blue field . While Tragheim had been excluded from medieval Königsbergs walls , the village was included within the greater Baroque fortifications constructed during the 1620s . Neighboring quarters were the Lustgarten and Burgfreiheit to the south , Steindamm to the west , the city walls to the north , the Oberteich to the northeast , and the Schlossteich to the east . Farther to the north beyond the walls was the village of Tragheimsdorf and the heath known as the Tragheimer Palve . Altstadt , Löbenicht , Kneiphof , and their respective suburbs were merged to form the united city of Königsberg in 1724 . However , Königsberg Castle and its suburbs , including Tragheim , were included within the new city limits but remained under royal , not municipal , control . Tragheim was merged into the city during the Städteordnung of Stein on 19 November 1808 during the era of Prussian reforms . By 1890 the area from Neurossgartens Wagnerstraße through Steindamm to Tragheimer Pulverstraße was the most densely settled part of the city . During the late 19th and early 20th centuries , however , many of Königsbergs affluent citizens moved from Tragheim to the new suburbs of Amalienau and Maraunenhof . In the same era Tragheim also had Königsbergs lowest birth rate . Tragheim Gate in the city walls was dismantled in 1911 to increase traffic and development in northern Königsberg . Tragheim was heavily damaged by the 1944 Bombing of Königsberg and 1945 Battle of Königsberg . Locations . As Tragheim grew , it was divided into western Vordertragheim ( nearer Tragheim ) , central Mitteltragheim ( middle Tragheim ) , and eastern Hintertragheim ( further Tragheim ) . The main thoroughfare in Vordertragheim was Tragheimer Kirchenstraße , which was named after the Lutheran Tragheim Church . The street ran from Junkerstraße to Wrangelstraße , parallel to Steindamm . Mitteltragheims main road , also called Mitteltragheim , ran from Burgstraße to Wallring . In 1897 the Baugewerkschule ( building trades school ) moved from Synagogenstraßse in Vorstadt to Schönstraße in central Tragheim . From 1860 to 1872 theater director Arthur Woltersdorffs Wilhelmstheater was located in Mitteltragheim . Acquired by the government in 1872 , it was converted into the Regierungs-Präsidium , the administrative seat for Regierungsbezirk Königsberg , in 1880 . By 1914 the Ostpreußische Zeitung , a conservative newspaper , was published from Tragheimer Pulverstraße in central Tragheim . Hintertragheims eponymous main road ran from Theaterplatz to Wrangelstraße . Hintertragheim with its sidestreets was nicknamed the Geheimratsviertel ( privy council quarter ) because of the many court officials who lived there . Numerous prominent professors also lived in Hintertragheim . Königsbergs Masonic Lodges were located in Hintertragheim near the Schlossteich and included Zum Todtenkopfe und Phoenix , the Dreikronenloge , and the Johannisloge Immanuel . A mathematical physics cabinet was located in the private residence of Franz Ernst Neumann in Hintertragheim . A Baptist chapel was constructed in Hintertragheim in 1870 , while the Wilhelmsgymnasium moved from Altroßgärter Predigerstraße in Rossgarten to Hintertragheim in 1879 . The street Nachtigallensteig in northern Hintertragheim was named after the large numbers of nightingales which lived in the vicinity and frequented the Studentenfließ , a stream which flowed into the Oberteich . In 1698 Elector Frederick III imposed a fine of 100 Gulden for shooting or caging a nightingale . While the street was long known as Nachtigallensteig , the idyllic name was only made official in 1884 . The University of Königsberg moved from its original campus in Kneiphof to Paradeplatz between Tragheim and Burgfreiheit in 1861 . Several of the universitys buildings were also located in Tragheim . The royal and university library moved to the Braxein-Tettau-Henschesches Palais in 1901 . A physics institute and an agriculture academy were located in northwestern Tragheim . The Baugewerkschule was situated on Schönstraße . By the late 19th century , Wrangel-Straße in northern Tragheim contained the Protestant cemetery of Tragheim Church , a Jewish cemetery , the cuirassier barracks , and horse stables . The Bismarck-Oberlyzeum moved into the former barracks in 1931 . Built in the early 20th century on the northern side of Wallring was the Haus der Technik , the Christuskirche , and the Kunsthalle , while the Hindenburg-Oberrealschule was on the southern side . The Ostmesse trade fair was located just north of Tragheim . In 1906 military engineers dismantled part of the city walls in northern Tragheim just south of the Wrangel Tower ( Wrangelturm , named after Friedrich Graf von Wrangel ) near the Oberteich . In order to comply with Jewish law , the citys Adass Isroel congregation requested the installation of an eruv to enclose the community . A wire known as the Judendraht was thus installed over the gap in the wall , symbolically completing the eruv . References . - Karl , G . ( 1924 ) . Geschichtliches Straßenverzeichnis der Stadt Königsberg in Preußen . Einleitung und Ergänzungen bis 1941 von Peter Wörster . Königsberg Pr. : Verlag der Königsberger Allgemeinen Zeitung und Verlagsdruckerei . pp . 176 . Reprinted by Verein für Familienforschung in Ost- und Westpreußen e.V . Nr . 4 . Hamburg , 1992 .