What organization did Hjalmar Hammarskjöld join in 1913?
Hjalmar Hammarskjöld Knut Hjalmar Leonard Hammarskjöld ( ; 4 February 1862 – 12 October 1953 ) was a Swedish politician , scholar , cabinet minister , Member of Parliament from 1923 to 1938 ( first chamber ) , and Prime Minister of Sweden from 1914 to 1917 . In 1890 , he married Agnes Maria Carolina Almquist ( Stockholm , 15 January 1866 – Stockholm , 21 January 1940 ) . The couple had four sons : , Åke , Sten and Dag . Life and work . The son of Knut Vilhelm Hammarskjöld , a noble , lieutenant and landowner ( descendant in female line of a bastard daughter of Eric XIV of Sweden ) , and wife Maria Lovisa Cecilia Vilhelmina Cöster , Hjalmar Hammarskjöld was born into the Hammarskjöld family in Tuna , Vimmerby , Kalmar County . He was a versatile legal expert and prominent as both a scholar and as a legislator . In 1891 he became a professor in Uppsala University and had a great influence on Swedish and Nordic civil law . He laid the foundation for his reputation as a great expert in international law at the same time through diligent work in international meetings , and became a member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration in 1904 at The Hague . As Minister of Justice from 1901 to 1902 in Fredrik von Otters government he made an ambitious but unsuccessful attempt to resolve the problems concerning the right to vote , and was , on his resignation , appointed president of the Göta court of appeal . In connection with the dissolution of the union between Sweden and Norway , he was minister of ecclesiastical affairs in Christian Lundebergs coalition government and negotiator in Karlstad . In 1905 he was appointed to be the Swedish ambassador to Copenhagen . He returned in 1907 to Uppsala as county governor of Uppsala , but often took leave of absence for various other assignments . After the peasant armament support march ( Swedish : bondetåget ) and the resignation of the liberal government , he became head of a non-parliamentarian government in 1914 , tasked with solving defense issues . His courtyard government ( Swedish : borggårdsregering ) was politically independent , but loyal to the king and rather conservative . It was created on an initiative from Arvid Lindman , the leader of the right-wing party in the second chamber , who did not want the king to appoint a cabinet under the leader of the right-wing party in the first chamber , Ernst Trygger . After the outbreak of the First World War that same year , a truce was established between the parties and the defense problem was solved to the satisfaction of the military . Hammarskjöld was principled and inflexible in his interpretations of civil law during the height of the war . It was during this time that the term Hunger shield ( Swedish : Hungerskjöld ) was coined , because his intractability impeded efforts to get necessary food exports into Sweden . He was seen as too friendly towards Germany when he rejected the proposal for a common trade agreement with Great Britain that Marcus Wallenberg , brother of the foreign minister Knut Wallenberg , had brought home from London in 1917 . The split between the PM and the Foreign Minister became apparent and the leaders of the right-wing in the parliament revoked their support for the prime minister , who was forced to submit his resignation . Hammarskjöld had a dominant nature and was perceived by his opponents as authoritarian and strong-willed , but claims that he favoured Germany lack documented support . He had many prestigious assignments , for example chairman of the Nobel Foundation 1929–47 and member of parliament ( independent conservative ) . He was voted into the Swedish Academy in 1918 to the same chair as Prime Minister Louis De Geer had occupied , number 17 . Hammarskjölds son , Dag , inherited the chair , as well as the position , after his death . Hammarskjölds investigations were a major contributing factor to the decision to establish the Supreme Administrative Court of Sweden . Hjalmar Hammarskjöld died on 12 October 1953 in Stockholm , just over 6 months after his youngest son became the 2nd Secretary General of the United Nations . Literature . - T . Gihl , The history of Swedish foreign policy 4 ( 1951 ) - D . Hammarskjöld , Hjalmar Hammarskjöld : entry speech in the Swedish Academy ( 1954 ) - W . Carlgren , The minister Hammarskjöld ( 1967 ) - S.A . Söderpalm , The big company owners and the democratic breakthrough ( 1969 )