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What was the occupation of Clarence J. Brown from 1916 to 1917?
Clarence J . Brown Clarence John Brown Sr . ( July 14 , 1893 – August 23 , 1965 ) was an American newspaper publisher and politician ; he represented Ohio as a Republican in the United States House of Representatives from 1939 until his death in Bethesda , Maryland in 1965 . Long representing conservative views , near the end of his life , he helped gain passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and voted for its passage , which provided enforcement of the right to vote for all citizens , while also voting in favor of the Civil Rights Acts of 1957 , 1960 , and 1964 . As president of Brown Publishing Company from 1920 , he created a huge media company that lasted for 90 years . In 1918 , at age 25 , Brown was elected as the 36th Lieutenant Governor of Ohio , the youngest man to gain that post . Life and career . Brown was born in Blanchester , Clinton County , Ohio or West Union , Clermont County , Ohio , the son of Owen and Ellen Barerre ( McCoppin ) Brown . His middle name was J and did not stand for anything . He attended the Blanchester public schools , and then attended law school at Washington and Lee University , in Lexington , Virginia , from 1913 to 1915 . On his twenty-first birthday , Brown married Ethel McKinney . He worked as state statistician in 1915 and 1916 in the Ohio Secretary of States office . Brown began newspaper work in Blanchester in 1917 , where he published several country newspapers . He became president of the Brown Publishing Company in Blanchester , and also owned and operated several large farms in the Blanchester area . He directed Brown Publishing for the rest of his life . Political career . In 1918 , at 25 , Brown was elected as the 36th Lieutenant Governor of Ohio , serving from 1919 to 1923 ; he was the youngest man ever to hold the office . In 1926 , he was elected Ohio Secretary of State and served from 1927 to 1933 . In 1921 , at the height of the Ku Klux Klans power in Ohio , Brown supported federal civil rights legislation to stop the lynching of African-Americans . In 1938 , prior to his first election as Representative , he was one of only 67 ( of 870 ) candidates for Representative along with only 8 ( out of 96 ) sitting Senators to pledge support to the NAACP for federal anti-lynching legislation , the legislative precursor to modern civil rights legislation . In 1940 , during debate of the anti-lynching bill he stated : In 1947 , during floor debate involving Adam Clayton Powell , Jr . ( D-NY ) and John E . Rankin ( D-MS ) , Brown forced a rule change from then Speaker Joseph W . Martin , Jr . ( R-MA ) to disallow racially offensive language from being used on the House floor . Brown twice ran for governor of Ohio : in 1932 , he lost the primary ; in 1934 , he won the Republican nomination but lost the general election . Brown was a delegate to the Republican National Conventions in 1936 , 1940 , 1944 and 1948 and a member of the Republican National Committee beginning in 1944 . Brown was elected in 1938 as a Republican to the Seventy-sixth and to the thirteen succeeding Congresses , serving from January 3 , 1939 until his death in 1965 . While in Congress , he was chairman of the Select Committee on Newsprint in the Eightieth Congress ; he was a personal friend of Democrat Speaker of the House Sam Rayburn of Texas . In the 1930s and 1940s , Brown staunchly opposed President Franklin D . Roosevelts New Deal policies to expand the federal bureaucracy . He also opposed expanding US foreign military entanglements , until the attack on Pearl Harbor . Following World War II , Brown warned against the continuation and expansion of foreign aid programs that were meant to be temporary . When Harry Truman became president , Brown opposed his Fair Deal , as corrupt cronyism through the expansion of federal bureaucracy . Brown cosponsored legislation to create the Hoover Commission to study and reform the federal government and served on the commission , formally the Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of Government . By the 1950s , Brown was the ranking minority member of the important Rules Committee in Congress . In the 1960s , he worked with its chairman , Democrat Howard W . Smith of Virginia , to block expansive federal legislation sought by presidents John F . Kennedy and Lyndon B . Johnson . Smith was a senior member of the Southern Block , established by white Democrats at the turn of the 20th century , when the former Confederate states disfranchised blacks . However , near the end of his life , Brown convinced the segregationist Smith to allow landmark civil rights legislation to reach the house floor for a vote . He checked out of the hospital to help shepherd the Voting Rights Act of 1965 through Smiths Rules Committee , and he contributed to the achievements of the Civil Rights Movement . Brown died from uremic poisoning due to kidney failure at Bethesda Naval Hospital , Bethesda , Maryland on August 23 , 1965 . He was buried in the I.O.O.F . Cemetery , Blanchester , Ohio . Brown was a member of the Masons , K . of P. , I.O.O.F. , Moose , and M.W.A . Brown and his wife Ethel had three children — Betty , Dorothy and Clarence J . Bud Brown Jr. . His son , Clarence J . Bud Brown Jr. , won the special election in 1965 to fill his fathers seat in Congress . His grandson is Clancy Brown , an actor . He is not related to the film director of the same name .