Ewa Spychalska
Who directed or managed All-Poland Alliance of Trade Unions from 1991 to 1996?
All-Poland Alliance of Trade Unions The All-Poland Alliance of Trade Unions ( , OPZZ ) is a national trade union center founded in 1984 . History . Following the decisions of the Polish government declaring the Solidarity trade union illegal , the OPZZ was created on 24 November 1984 according to the 1982 trade union act which made trade union pluralism illegal . The OPZZ inherited all of Solidaritys property , and also that of the former Association of Trade Unions . It was part of the pro-government Patriotic Movement for National Revival ( Patriotyczny Ruch Odrodzenia Narodowego - PRON ) . In 1985 it joined the World Federation of Trade Unions ( WFTU ) . Until 1990 the OPZZ was tied closely to the Polish United Workers Party ( PZPR ) . Following the end of communist rule in Poland the federation aligned with various post-communist and social-democratic parties ( e.g . Democratic Left Alliance , SLD ) . In 2006 the OPZZ affiliated to the European Trade Union Confederation and the International Trade Union Confederation . In the summer of 2006 , Roman Giertych , the Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland and a stalwart of the ultra-right-wing and chauvinistic League of Polish Families , voiced his support for the confiscation of OPZZ property and the dissolution of the organization , branding it a mouthpiece of the Social-Democratic Union ( SLD ) and the heir of the Communist PZPR . Activities . The mission of OPZZ is stated as the defence of social and workers right of the trade unions . OPZZ has strongly supported the demands of state owned industry sector . The OPZZ is governed by Congress ( Kongres ) , Council ( Rada ) and Presidium ( Prezydium ) . OPZZ associates 90 nationwide trade union organisations ( uniform trade unions and federations ) grouped in 12 branches : 1 . Raw materials and power industry 2 . Manufacturing 3 . Education , science and culture 4 . Health care and social insurance 5 . Agriculture and food economy 6 . Construction , forestry , wood industry , environment protection and water economy 7 . Municipal economy 8 . Co-operatives 9 . Trade and services 10 . Transport and maritime economy 11 . Railways 12 . Communication OPZZ also has its internal territorial structures , with territorial range corresponding to the administrative division of the country . These are voivodship ( regional ) councils ( 16 ) and powiat ( district ) councils ( 240 ) . In 2013 , the OPZZ was estimated to have 500,000 members . Presidents of OPZZ . - Alfred Miodowicz ( until December 1991 ) - Ewa Spychalska ( 1991-1996 ) - Józef Wiaderny ( 1996-2002 ) - Maciej Manicki ( 2002-2004 ) - Jan Guz ( 2004–2019 )