National Radical Party
Which political party did Endre Bajcsy-Zsilinszky belong to from 1930 to 1938?
Endre Bajcsy-Zsilinszky Endre Kálmán Bajcsy-Zsilinszky ( Szarvas , June 6 , 1886 – Sopronkőhida , December 24 , 1944 ) , was an influential Hungarian politician and an important voice in the struggle against German expansion and military policy . Family history . The Zsilinszky name first appeared in 1720 , in the registry of the Evangelical church ( Lutheran Church ) of Békéscsaba , where his great grandfather , Mihály Zsilinszky , a well off peasant farmer and an elected judge of Slovak origin , lived . Endres grandfather ( born in 1838 ) , and his father Dr . Endre Zsilinszky , were also born in Békéscsaba . In 1883 , his father married Mária Bajcsy , the stepdaughter of János Vilim , a lawyer related to the Zsilinszky family . The young couple initially resided in Szarvas and the marriage produced four children ; Endre , Gábor , Margit and Erzsébet and on June 6 , 1886 he was christened Endre Kálmán in the local Lutheran Church . Youth and Education . Endre was a year old when his family moved from Szarvas to Békéscsaba , and he studied at the Gyula Andrássy High School , where , by academic excellence he rose above his peers . He regularly participated in the schools activities and chaired its self-improvement club . His prize winning compositions drew attention , and revealed his grasp of the social issues of the day . He excelled in each subject ( Hungarian , Latin , Greek , German ) , and graduated with honours . This gained him a scholarship grant from the Lutheran Church diocese of Bánya . After high school graduation in 1904 , he continued his university education at the Faculty of Law of the Franz Joseph University in Kolozsvár ( Cluj-Napoca ) . His multifaceted abilities exhibited themselves in his first year of university . He read a lot of Széchenyis works , and in addition to his law studies , he also signed up to study history of philosophy . His second year in school brought him a lot of exciting experiences and intellectual enrichment . He ended up spending two semesters at the universities of Leipzig and Heidelberg . During his sojourn in Germany , his interests increasingly focused on the world of politics . The developing political situation in Germany increased his incentive to study with greater diligence . And yet , in spite of his commitment to his studies , there was time for self-improvement . During his stay in Heidelberg , he developed numerous friendships and social contacts , which required him to extensively socialize . On April 24 , 1908 he completed his political science studies , and on December 5 , he received his doctorate in law . In the autumn of 1909 he enlisted in the 1st Imperial and Royal Hussars in Vienna as a volunteer , and in September 1910 , he received his reserve officers commission . At this time , through a conflict by his Békéscsaba family , András L . Áchim , one of the founders of the Hungarian Peasants party , was shot to death by Endres brother , Gábor Zsilinszky . Career . Following these events , from October 1910 on , he worked as a junior law clerk , established friendships , and improved his social life . He lectured in political citizens circles and contributed articles to the Womens circle . In February 1912 , he entered public life and found employment as the apprentice steward of Alsókubin in the comitatus ( county ) of Árva . At first , he worked without remuneration , then received a minimal annual salary of between and kronen . World War I . Immediately after the outbreak of World War I , Bajcsy-Zsilinszky volunteered for front-line duty and his unit , part of the II . Mounted ( Hussar ) Division , was deployed to the Serbian front . Afterwards he was deployed to the Italian front , and at the beginning of June 1916 , as part of the 2nd Imperial and Royal Mounted Hussars Marksmen Division , he was deployed on the Eastern front . In September of the same year he was wounded , and spent a slow and lingering period of recuperation at the military hospital . At the beginning of 1917 , he requested and was granted permission to return to the front . In 1918 , he participated in the founding of the Hungarian National Defense Association ( Magyar Országos Véderő Egylet ) ( MOVE ) , for which , later , he was forced to emigrate to Vienna . Between World Wars . After his return to Hungary , he settled in Szeged . His support was welcomed by the nationalists , and the populist political party of Gyula Gömbös . Under his editorial guidance , among others , the Voice ( Szózat ) , a newspaper with nationalist and racist themes , was published . Elected to the Parliament as a representative of the Unity Party in 1922 . In 1923 he defected , with Gyula Gömbös , to form the Hungarian National Independence Party , better known as the Guardians of Race Party ( Fajvédő Párt ) . Voice ( Szózat ) became the partys official organ . In 1925 he was honoured with the commission of Valiant knight ( Vitéz ) . In 1926 , he became the editor-in-chief of the Hungarians ( Magyarság ) , and in 1928 he became the editor-in-chief of the Forward guard ( Előörs ) newspaper , which also marked the gradual distancing from the political camp of Gyula Gömbös . In 1930 , he founded the National Radical Party ( Nemzeti Radikális Párt ) and in 1932 , he became the editor-in-chief of the anti-Nazi daily Freedom ( Szabadság ) . His political stature grew in 1935 when his party and political allies were elected to the Hungarian Parliament . In the same year , he resigned his Vitéz commission . World War II . After the outbreak of World War II , he became the editor-in-chief of the weekly paper Independent Hungary ( Független Magyarország ) in which he espoused the necessity of blocking German expansion ( Living space ( Lebensraum ) ) , through the united efforts of the small states bordering along the Danube . From 1941 , he was the editor of the anti-Nazi paper The Free Word ( Szabad Szó ) , and in the same year , he was one of the major organizers of the March 15 anti-Nazi protests . On March 19 , 1944 , Bajcsy-Zsilinszky , at his residence , fought with a weapon to prevent arrest by the Gestapo . He was wounded in the brief gun battle , arrested , and hauled away . On October 11 of the same year , his release was demanded and obtained by the Hungarian government . But , in November , he was again arrested and incarcerated in the Sopronköhida prison , where he was executed by hanging on December 23 . On May 27 , 1945 , he was reburied in Tarpa with honours . In Memoriam . Due to his anti-Nazi stance , he was honoured by the government of the post-war Hungarian Peoples Republic , and his nationalist and anti-Nazi theories still have adherents . Streets named after him in Baja , Balassagyarmat , Balatonalmádi , Budapest , Debrecen , Győr , Eger , Esztergom , Kaposvár , Kecskemét , Kiskunfélegyháza , Kiskőrös , Környe , Kőszeg , Miskolc , Pécs , Szentes , Tokaj and in the inner city of Tatabánya . Also , the city of Novi Sad ( Serbia ) named a street after him in gratitude for raising his voice in Hungarian parliament against the mass killing of Vojvodina Serbs , Jews , and Roma by Hungarian soldiers and gendarmes in 1942 . A station on the M1 line ( yellow , or Millennium line ) of the Budapest Metro is also named after him . Works . - A Singular Path : The Hungarian peasant farmer ( Egyetlen út : A Magyar Paraszt ) - National Rebirth and the Press ( Nemzeti újjászületés és sajtó ) - New Years Open Letter to the Electorate of the Derecske Electoral District ( Újévi nyílt levele a derecskei választókerület polgáraihoz ) - National Radicalism ( Nemzeti radikalizmus ) - German World in Hungary ( Német világ Magyarországon ) - King Matthias ( Mátyás király ) - Our Place and Fate in Europe ( Helyünk és sorsunk Európában ) - Transylvania : Past and Future ( Erdély , a Mult és a Jövö ) Sources . - Károly Vigh : Endre Bajcsy-Zsilinszky ( 1886–1944 ) - A Man With A Mission . Published by ( Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó , Budapest , 1992 ) . ( Vigh Károly : Bajcsy-Zsilinszky Endre ( 1886–1944 ) / A küldetéses ember ( Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó , Budapest , 1992 ) ) - Halász , Iván : Tzv . lojálni Slováci v dualistickom Uhorsku ( dobrí Slováci , úradní Tóthi , uhorskí vlastenci , maďaróni a tí druhí... ) In : Regionálna a národná identita v maďarskej a slovenskej histórii 18 . - 20 . storočia = Regionális és nemzeti identitásformák a 18 - 20 . századi magyar és a szlovák történelemben . [ Eds. ] : Šutaj , Štefan - Szarka , László . Prešov , Universum 2007 , s . 91-102 . Rés . maď . s . 102-103 Az ún . lojális szlovákok a dualizmuskori Magyarországon ( jó szlovákok , hivatalos tórok , magyarországi hazafiak , maďarónok és a többiek... ) ; angl . s . 103 So-called loyal Slovak in Hungary during the Dual Monarchy ( Good Slovaks , Official Tots , Hungarian patriots , Magyarized Slovaks , and others... ) External links . - His statue in Elizabeth park in Budapest - Biographical Encyclopedia of Hungary