Who did Manuel Rosenthal work for from 1974 to 1975?
Manuel Rosenthal Manuel Rosenthal ( 18 June 1904 – 5 June 2003 ) was a French composer and conductor who held leading positions with musical organizations in France and America . He was friends with many contemporary composers , and despite a considerable list of compositions is mostly remembered for having orchestrated the popular ballet score Gaîté Parisienne from piano scores of Offenbach operettas , and for his recordings as a conductor . Early life and career . Rosenthal was born in Paris to Anna Devorsosky , of Russian-Jewish descent , and a French father he never met . His surname was taken from his stepfather , Bernard Rosenthal . He started his musical studies on violin at age 6 , which he played in cafés and cinemas after his stepfathers death in 1918 to support his mother and sisters . In 1920 , he entered the Conservatoire in Paris but eventually left it after failing to win an expected first prize . In addition to continuing his violin studies with Alterman and Jules Boucherit and playing in theatre and cinema bands , he also studied composition . Around this time he met Léo Sir , inventor of string instruments known as the dixtuor , and was persuaded to play the sursoprano ( a 4th higher than the violin ) and find composers to write for this new medium . Through this Rosenthal met eminent young Parisian composers of whom Darius Milhaud and Arthur Honegger were the most distinguished , and also contributed his own music to a recital in Paris in October 1921 . His Sonatine for two violins and piano , composed for a sight-reading examination , was acclaimed after its performance at the 99th concert of the Société musicale indépendante in Paris at the end of October 1924 , attended by both Nadia Boulanger and Alexis Roland-Manuel . After a stint in the military he became Maurice Ravels third and final student , seeing him once or twice a month while also having lessons in counterpoint and fugue from Jean Huré . while continuing to play violin in the Moulin Rouge and Casino de Paris café orchestras . Ravels encouragement ultimately led to his winning the Prix Blumenthal ( worth 20,000 francs ) in 1928 . Ravel lobbied the directors of the Opéra-Comique to get Rosenthals one-act opera Rayon des soieries performed there in June 1930 . He also arranged for Rosenthals conducting debut , at a concert composed of Rosenthals own music in 1928 . Conducting career . His conducting career began in earnest in 1934 , when he became percussionist and assistant conductor of the Orchestre National de France , to Désiré-Émile Inghelbrecht . In 1936 , Georges Mandel invited him to conduct the Orchestre de Radio PTT . As his fame as a conductor grew , he was attacked in Action Française in 1937 by Lucien Rebatet , who demanded his expulsion from his radio conductorship . In the same year Serge Koussevitzky , in Paris during the Exposition , invited Rosenthal to become assistant conductor of the Boston Symphony under him – an offer reiterated after a Salle Pleyel concert on the eve of war in 1939 . After Ravels death in 1937 , and following the success of Gaîté Parisienne , he became a close colleague of great Russian émigré composer Igor Stravinsky . Rosenthals musical career was interrupted by World War II when , as a corporal in the 300th infantry regiment stationed in 1939 in Alsace near the Rhine , he was taken prisoner by the Germans in May 1940 . Still musically active even as a POW , he not only organized concerts in the camp he was interned in but even composed an operetta based on a play by Georges Courteline . Included in a POW exchange , he was sent back to the occupied zone , arrived back in Paris in March 1941 and escaped to Marseille in the Zone libre ( free zone ) with the help of Roland-Manuel . But he was arrested in Besançon in September 1941 while trying to see his son and sentenced to six months forced labor . With the assistance of a German officer , however , he got the necessary papers to escape back to Marseille . Later in 1942 , he returned to Paris and courageously joined the Resistance , working with eminent musical colleagues Désormière , Durey , Delvincourt , Charles Munch and others . Upon the liberation in 1944 , he returned to the Orchestre National de France to become their principal conductor , a post he held until 1947 . The first concert consisted of works from each of the Allied countries , including the Hymne à la Justice by Magnard . He made sure a wide range of contemporary music was played , and the first season included a complete Stravinsky cycle . In his final year with the orchestra , he brought it to England to join Sir Thomas Beecham and the Royal Philharmonic in a concert organized by Jack Hylton that filled the Harringay Arena with 13,500 listeners . In early 1946 , Rosenthals first conductorship in the USA was with the St . Louis Symphony Orchestra . Having accepted the post of composer-in-residence at the College of Puget Sound , he was invited to become music director of the Seattle Symphony , which he conducted from 1948–1951 while undertaking guest engagements in San Francisco and Buenos Aires . He then went to Algiers to conduct there and in Tunis during the winter of 1952-53 . He was music director of the Orchestre Symphonique de Liège from 1964-1967 , and professor of conducting at the Paris Conservatoire from 1962 to 1974 , where he established a more demanding schedule for his students , who included Yan Pascal Tortelier , Eliahu Inbal , Jacques Mercier , Marc Soustrot and Jean-Claude Casadesus . He conducted some of the first modern performances of Jean-Philippe Rameaus Zoroastre , at the Grand Théâtre de Bordeaux and the Opéra-Comique in 1964 . The BBC in Manchester invited him to conduct an opera of his choice in 1973 , which turned out to be Emmanuel Chabriers Le roi malgré lui , for which he chose a French cast . In February 1981 , Rosenthal made his debut at the Metropolitan Opera New York in a mixed-bill of 20th century French stage works , returning in 1983 for Francis Poulencs 1957 operatic masterpiece Dialogues des carmélites and for further appearances in 1986-87 . He returned to Seattle in 1986 to conduct Richard Wagners Ring cycle at the Seattle Opera . He conducted the first performance of Claude Debussys radical 1902 operatic masterpiece Pelléas et Mélisande in Russia , in Moscow in 1988 , and later that year premiered the same work in Caracas , Venezuela . In 1992 , he conducted a production of Padmâvatî by Albert Roussel at the Opera Bastille . Composer . Rosenthal composed prolifically in many classical genres , including operas , operettas , ballets , 13 works for orchestra , choral works both with orchestra and a cappella , works for solo voice and orchestra , chamber music , and music for voice and piano as well as for solo piano . The wide variety of his work , in terms of both genre and tone , reflects his refusal to accept the stylistic compartmentalization prevalent in Paris in the 1920s . His reputation as a composer was sealed in France with Jeanne dArc , first performed in 1936 , although this was followed by a production of the light-hearted one-act operetta La Poule Noire of 1937 . His best-known compositional work was not his own , the 1938 ballet Gaîté Parisienne orchestrated from operetta selections by Jacques Offenbach ( copied manually by assistants who chose them from piano scores they speed-read in the Harvard University music library , the most complete repository of Offenbach scores known at that time ) . The commission by Léonide Massine was originally entrusted to Roger Désormière , but for lack of time Désormière asked his friend Rosenthal to take over the project . Rosenthal was initially reluctant , but fulfilled the commission . Massine rejected the score but , after arbitration by Igor Stravinsky , finally accepted the work and choreographed the ballet , which turned out to be a major success . He also orchestrated works by Federico Mompou and Ravel . He was a fluent composer of choral and sacred works , such as La Pietà dAvignon ( 1943 ) , Trois pièces liturgiques ( 1944 ) and Missa Deo gratias ( 1953 ) . Parts of his Saint François dAssise may have influenced Olivier Messiaen , who wrote an extensive opera on the same subject . In 1965 his serious opera Hop , Signor ! was a disappointment in Toulouse and at the Opéra-Comique . Works . Stage works . - Rayon des soieries , 1923-1926 , opéra bouffe in one act - Un baiser pour rien ou La folle du logis , 1928-1929 , ballet in one act - Les Bootleggers , 1932 , comédie musicale in one act - La Poule noire , 1933-1937 , comédie musicale in one act - Gaîté Parisienne , 1938 , ballet in one act d’après Offenbach - Que le diable lemporte , 1948 , ballet in one act - Les femmes au tombeau , 1956 , drame lyrique in one act - Hop , Signor ! 1957-1961 , drame lyrique in three acts Orchestral . - Sérénade , 1927 - Jeanne dArc , 1934–36 - Les petits métiers , 1933 ( Le Maréchal ferrant , L’Herboriste , Le Montreur de Marionnettes , Le Veilleur de Nuit , Le Facteur Déodat , Le Barbier , La Marchande d’Oublies , Le Rémouleur , La Nounou , Le petit Télégraphiste ) - Musique de table , 1941 ( Entrée de Convives , Salade russe , Matelote d’Anguilles , Quenelles lyonnaises , Filet de Bœuf , Jardinière de Légumes , Cuissot de Chevreuil , Salade de Saison , Fromage de Montagne , Bombe glacée , Corbeille de fruits , Café , Liqueurs , Cigares , Conversations d’après diner ) - Noce Villageoise , 1941 - Symphonies de Noël , 1947 - Magic Manhattan , 1948 - Symphony in C , 1949 - Offenbachiana , 1953 - Rondes Françaises , 1955 Vocal , choral . - Saint François dAssise , 1936–39 - Trois burlesques , 1941 - La pietà d’Avignon , 1943 - Cantate pour le temps de la Nativité , 1943–44 - Deux sonnets de Jean Cassou , 1944 - A choeur vaillant , 1952–53 - Missa Deo Gratias , 1953 - Trois pièces liturgiques , 1958 Instrumental . - Sonatine for two violins and piano , 1922 - Saxophone-Marmelade , 1929 - Les Soirées du Petit Juas , string quartet , 1942 - Aesopi Convivium ( violin , piano , orchestra ) , 1947-1948 Selected recordings . - Debussy : Orchestral works - Prélude à laprès-midi dun faune , Images pour orchestre , Jeux , Nocturnes , La Mer ; Orchestra of the Opéra de Paris , conducted by Manuel Rosenthal . VEGA - Ravel : Daphnis et Chloé , Rapsodie espagnole , Alborada del gracioso , Valses nobles et sentimentales ; Orchestra of the Opéra de Paris , conducted by Manuel Rosenthal . VEGA - Ravel : Lheure espagnole - Géori Boué ( Concepcion ) , Roger Bourdin ( Ramiro ) , Orchestre National de France , conductor : Manuel Rosenthal . Paris 28 December 1944 . IMV 027 . - Ibert : Concertino da camera for alto saxophone and eleven instruments , Debussy : Rapsodie , Loeffler : Poeme paien dapres Virgile - Marcel Mule , Orchestre Philharmonique de Paris , conductor Manuel Rosenthal . Paris , 1952 , 2-EMI 85240 . - Glazounov : Suite from Raymonda - Orchestre Philharmonique de Paris , conductor Manuel Rosenthal . Paris , 1952 , 2-EMI 85240 . - Scriabin : The Poem of Ecstasy - Orchestre Philharmonique de Paris , conductor Manuel Rosenthal . Paris , 1952 , 2-EMI 85240 . - Sauguet : Les caprices de Marianne - Andrée Esposito ( Marianne ) , Michel Sénéchal ( Coelio ) , Camille Maurane ( Octave ) , Orchestre Radio-Lyrique , conductor : Manuel Rosenthal . Paris , 27–28 May 1959 . SOCD 98/99 - Bizet : Les pêcheurs de perles - Jeanine Micheau ( Leila ) , Alain Vanzo ( Nadir ) , Gabriel Bacquier ( Zurga ) , Lucien Lovano ( Nourabad ) , Chœur de la RTF , Orchestre Radio-Lyrique , conductor : Manuel Rosenthal . Paris , 25 June 1959 . GALA GL 100.504 - Messiaen : Chronochromie - Orchestre National de France , conductor Manuel Rosenthal . Ades 14122 . - Lalo : Symphonie espagnole , Camille Saint-Saëns , violin concerto n°3 . Arthur Grumiaux ( violin ) , Orchestre des Concerts Lamoureux , conductor : Manuel Rosenthal . Eloquence 462 579-2 ( 1963 ) . - Satie : Parade , Trois Petite Pieces Montées , Socrate , En habit de cheval . French National Radio & Television Orchestra , Manuel Rosenthal . 1968 . Everest - EVERCD014 - Offenbach : Pomme dapi , M . Choufleuri restera chez lui le . . . , Mesdames de la Halle - Mady Mesplé , Jean-Philippe Lafont , Léonard Pezzino , Charles Burles , Michel Trempont , Michel Hamel ; Orchestre Philharmonique de Monte-Carlo , Ensemble Choral Jean Laforge , Conductor : Manuel Rosenthal . Monte Carlo 21–29 September 1982 . EMI 3952972 . - Puccini : Tosca - Jane Rhodes , Albert Lance , Gabriel Bacquier ; Orchestra of the Opéra de Paris , conducted by Manuel Rosenthal . VEGA - VAL 18 - Offenbach : La belle Hélène - Jane Rhodes , Bernard Plantey , Jean Giraudeau , Michel Hamel , Jacques Doucet , Bernard Demigny , Andrine Forli ; Orchestra and Chorus of the Opéra-Comique , Paris , conducted by Manuel Rosenthal . Philips GL5664 Personal life . Rosenthal was married twice . His first marriage was to a chorus girl , Mlle . Troussier , in 1927 . He had begun a relationship with soprano Claudine Verneuil while still married to his first wife , but during his tenure in Seattle presented Claudine as his wife even though he had not divorced Troussier . His failure to declare Verneuils true status led to his detention for six weeks on Ellis Island on the way back to Seattle in October 1951 , and his Seattle contract was terminated after the discovery of his first marriage . In 1952 , he finally obtained a divorce and married Verneuil . He had two sons , Alain born in 1933 and Clément in 1956 . He was made a Chevalier of the Légion dhonneur in 1961 and a Commandeur in 1991 . A convert to Roman Catholicism , in 1999 he published a small book , Crescendo vers Dieu , in which he examined the religious beliefs that were woven into his life story . He died in Paris , just short of his 99th birthday . External links . - On-line biography - Radio France biography - Manuel Rosenthal interview by Bruce Duffie , September 9 , 1985 - Manuel Rosenthal on data.bnf.f