First Session, Thirty-eighth Parliament,
53-54 Elizabeth II, 2004-2005
STATUTES OF CANADA 2005CHAPTER 43
An Act to amend the Criminal Code (trafficking in persons)
ASSENTED TO
25th NOVEMBER, 2005
BILL C-49
SUMMARY
This enactment amends the Criminal Code to
(a) create an offence of trafficking in persons that prohibits a person from engaging in specified acts for the purpose of exploiting or facilitating the exploitation of another person;
(b) create an offence that prohibits a person from receiving a financial or other material benefit that they know results from the commission of the offence of trafficking in persons;
(c) create an offence that prohibits concealing, removing, withholding or destroying travel documents or documents that establish or purport to establish another person’s identity or immigration status for the purpose of committing or facilitating the offence of trafficking in persons; and
(d) establish that a person exploits another person if they cause them to provide, or offer to provide, labour or a service by engaging in conduct that could reasonably be expected to cause the other person to believe that their safety or that of someone known to them would be threatened if they failed to do so or if, by means of deception or the use or threat of force or of any other form of coercion, they cause the other person to have an organ or tissue removed.
Also available on the Parliament of Canada Web Site at the following address:http://www.parl.gc.ca
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53-54 ELIZABETH II
——————
CHAPTER 43
An Act to amend the Criminal Code (trafficking in persons)
[Assented to 25th November, 2005]
Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Commons of Canada, enacts as follows:
R.S., c. C-46
CRIMINAL CODE
1. Paragraph (a) of the definition “offence” in section 183 of the Criminal Code is amended by adding the following after subparagraph (xlvii):
(xlvii.1) section 279.01 (trafficking in persons),
(xlvii.2) section 279.02 (material benefit),
(xlvii.3) section 279.03 (withholding or destroying documents),
R.S., c. 27 (1st Supp.), s. 39(1)
2. The heading before section 279 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Kidnapping, Trafficking in Persons, Hostage Taking and Abduction
3. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 279:
Trafficking in persons
279.01 (1) Every person who recruits, transports, transfers, receives, holds, conceals or harbours a person, or exercises control, direction or influence over the movements of a person, for the purpose of exploiting them or facilitating their exploitation is guilty of an indictable offence and liable
(a) to imprisonment for life if they kidnap, commit an aggravated assault or aggravated sexual assault against, or cause death to, the victim during the commission of the offence; or
(b) to imprisonment for a term of not more than fourteen years in any other case.
Consent
(2) No consent to the activity that forms the subject-matter of a charge under subsection (1) is valid.
Material benefit
279.02 Every person who receives a financial or other material benefit, knowing that it results from the commission of an offence under subsection 279.01(1), is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than ten years.
Withholding or destroying documents
279.03 Every person who, for the purpose of committing or facilitating an offence under subsection 279.01(1), conceals, removes, withholds or destroys any travel document that belongs to another person or any document that establishes or purports to establish another person’s identity or immigration status is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years, whether or not the document is of Canadian origin or is authentic.
Exploitation
279.04 For the purposes of sections 279.01 to 279.03, a person exploits another person if they
(a) cause them to provide, or offer to provide, labour or a service by engaging in conduct that, in all the circumstances, could reasonably be expected to cause the other person to believe that their safety or the safety of a person known to them would be threatened if they failed to provide, or offer to provide, the labour or service; or
(b) cause them, by means of deception or the use or threat of force or of any other form of coercion, to have an organ or tissue removed.
1999, c. 25, s. 2(1)
4. (1) Subsection 486(1.1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Protection of witnesses under 18
(1.1) For the purposes of subsections (1) and (2.3) and for greater certainty, the proper administration of justice includes ensuring that the interests of witnesses under the age of eighteen years are safeguarded in proceedings in which the accused is charged with a sexual offence, an offence against any of sections 271 to 273 and 279.01 to 279.03 or an offence in which violence against the person is alleged to have been used, threatened or attempted.
2002, c. 13, s. 20
(2) Subsection 486(2.1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Testimony outside court room
(2.1) Despite section 650, if an accused is charged with an offence under section 151, 152, 153, 153.1, 155 or 159, subsection 160(2) or (3) or section 163.1, 170, 171, 172, 173, 210, 211, 212, 213, 266, 267, 268, 271, 272, 273, 279.01, 279.02 or 279.03 and the complainant or any witness, at the time of the trial or preliminary inquiry, is under the age of eighteen years or is able to communicate evidence but may have difficulty doing so by reason of a mental or physical disability, the presiding judge or justice, as the case may be, may order that the complainant or witness testify outside the court room or behind a screen or other device that would allow the complainant or witness not to see the accused, if the judge or justice is of the opinion that the exclusion is necessary to obtain a full and candid account of the acts complained of from the complainant or witness.
1999, c. 25, s. 2(2)
(3) Subparagraph 486(3)(a)(i) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(i) an offence under section 151, 152, 153, 153.1, 155, 159, 160, 170, 171, 172, 173, 210, 211, 212, 213, 271, 272, 273, 279.01, 279.02, 279.03, 346 or 347,
5. Paragraph (a) of the definition “primary designated offence” in section 487.04 of the Act is amended by adding the following after subparagraph (xvi):
(xvi.1) section 279.01 (trafficking in persons),
6. Paragraph (b) of the definition “designated offence” in subsection 490.011(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following after subparagraph (vii):
(vii.1) section 279.01 (trafficking in persons),
1995, c. 22, s. 6
7. Paragraph 738(1)(b) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(b) in the case of bodily or psychological harm to any person as a result of the commission of the offence or the arrest or attempted arrest of the offender, by paying to the person an amount not exceeding all pecuniary damages incurred as a result of the harm, including loss of income or support, if the amount is readily ascertainable; and
COORDINATING AMENDMENTS
Bill C-2
8. (1) Subsections (2) and (3) apply if Bill C-2, introduced in the 1st Session of the 38th Parliament and entitled An Act to amend the Criminal Code (protection of children and other vulnerable persons) and the Canada Evidence Act (the “other Act”), receives royal assent.
(2) If section 15 of the other Act comes into force before section 3 of this Act, then,
(a) section 4 of this Act is repealed; and
(b) on the coming into force of section 3 of this Act,
(i) subsection 486(3) of the Criminal Code is replaced by the following:
Reasons to be stated
(3) If an accused is charged with an offence under section 151, 152, 153, 153.1, 155 or 159, subsection 160(2) or (3) or section 163.1, 171, 172, 172.1, 173, 212, 271, 272, 273, 279.01, 279.02 or 279.03 and the prosecutor or the accused applies for an order under subsection (1), the judge or justice shall, if no such order is made, state, by reference to the circumstances of the case, the reason for not making an order.
(ii) subparagraph 486.4(1)(a)(i) of the Criminal Code is replaced by the following:
(i) an offence under section 151, 152, 153, 153.1, 155, 159, 160, 162, 163.1, 170, 171, 172, 172.1, 173, 210, 211, 212, 213, 271, 272, 273, 279.01, 279.02, 279.03, 346 or 347,
(3) If section 3 of this Act comes into force before section 15 of the other Act, then, on the coming into force of that section 3,
(a) subsection 486(3) of the Criminal Code, as enacted by section 15 of the other Act, is replaced by the following:
Reasons to be stated
(3) If an accused is charged with an offence under section 151, 152, 153, 153.1, 155 or 159, subsection 160(2) or (3) or section 163.1, 171, 172, 172.1, 173, 212, 271, 272, 273, 279.01, 279.02 or 279.03 and the prosecutor or the accused applies for an order under subsection (1), the judge or justice shall, if no such order is made, state, by reference to the circumstances of the case, the reason for not making an order.
(b) subparagraph 486.4(1)(a)(i) of the Criminal Code, as enacted by section 15 of the other Act, is replaced by the following:
(i) an offence under section 151, 152, 153, 153.1, 155, 159, 160, 162, 163.1, 170, 171, 172, 172.1, 173, 210, 211, 212, 213, 271, 272, 273, 279.01, 279.02, 279.03, 346 or 347,
2005, c. 25
9. (1) If subsection 1(4) of An Act to amend the Criminal Code, the DNA Identification Act and the National Defence Act (the “other Act”), chapter 25 of the Statutes of Canada, 2005, comes into force before this Act receives royal assent, section 5 of this Act is replaced by the following:
5. Paragraph (a) of the definition “primary designated offence” in section 487.04 of the Act is amended by adding the following after subparagraph (vii):
(vii.1) section 279.01 (trafficking in persons),
(2) If this Act receives royal assent before the coming into force of subsection 1(4) of the other Act, then on the coming into force of that subsection, paragraph (a) of the definition “primary designated offence” in section 487.04 of the Criminal Code is amended by adding the following after subparagraph (vii):
(vii.1) section 279.01 (trafficking in persons),
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