Second Session, Forty-first Parliament,
62-63-64 Elizabeth II, 2013-2014-2015
STATUTES OF CANADA 2015CHAPTER 2
An Act to amend certain Acts relating to agriculture and agri-food
ASSENTED TO
25th FEBRUARY, 2015
BILL C-18
RECOMMENDATION
His Excellency the Governor General recommends to the House of Commons the appropriation of public revenue under the circumstances, in the manner and for the purposes set out in a measure entitled “An Act to amend certain Acts relating to agriculture and agri-food”.
SUMMARY
This enactment amends several Acts in order to implement various measures relating to agriculture.
It amends the Plant Breeders’ Rights Act to amend certain aspects of the plant breeders’ rights granted under that Act, including the duration and scope of those rights and conditions for the protection of those rights. It also provides for exceptions to the application of those rights.
It amends the Feeds Act, the Fertilizers Act, the Seeds Act, the Health of Animals Act and the Plant Protection Act to, among other things,
(a) authorize inspectors to order that certain unlawful imports be removed from Canada or destroyed;
(b) authorize the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food to take into account information available from a review conducted by the government of a foreign state when he or she considers certain applications;
(c) authorize the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food to issue certificates setting out any information that he or she considers necessary to facilitate certain exports; and
(d) require that a registration or a licence be obtained for conducting certain activities in respect of certain feeds, fertilizers or supplements that have been imported for sale or that are to be exported or to be sent or conveyed from one province to another.
It also amends the Agriculture and Agri-Food Administrative Monetary Penalties Act to, among other things, increase the maximum limits of penalties that may be imposed for certain violations.
It amends the Agricultural Marketing Programs Act to modernize the requirements of the advance payments program, improve its accessibility and enhance its administration and delivery.
Finally, it amends the Farm Debt Mediation Act to clarify the farm debt mediation process and to facilitate the participation of the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food in the mediation process when that Minister is a guarantor of a farmer’s debt.
Available on the Parliament of Canada Web Site at the following address:http://www.parl.gc.ca
TABLE OF PROVISIONSAN ACT TO AMEND CERTAIN ACTS RELATING TO AGRICULTURE AND AGRI-FOODSHORT TITLE
1.       Agricultural Growth ActPLANT BREEDERS’ RIGHTS ACT
2–51.       FEEDS ACT
52–61.       FERTILIZERS ACT
62–72.       SEEDS ACT
73–83.       HEALTH OF ANIMALS ACT
84–98.       PLANT PROTECTION ACT
99–112.       AGRICULTURE AND AGRI-FOOD ADMINISTRATIVE MONETARY PENALTIES ACT
113–119.       AGRICULTURAL MARKETING PROGRAMS ACT
120–140.       FARM DEBT MEDIATION ACT
141–152.       TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS — AGRICULTURAL MARKETING PROGRAMS ACT
153.       COMING INTO FORCE
154.       
62-63-64 ELIZABETH II
——————
CHAPTER 2
An Act to amend certain Acts relating to agriculture and agri-food
[Assented to 25th February, 2015]
Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Commons of Canada, enacts as follows:
SHORT TITLE
Short title
1. This Act may be cited as the Agricultural Growth Act.
1990, c. 20
PLANT BREEDERS’ RIGHTS ACT
2. (1) The definition “protective direction” in subsection 2(1) of the Plant Breeders’ Rights Act is repealed.
(2) The definitions “agreement country”, “breeder”, “category”, “country of the Union”, “infringement”, “new variety”, “plant breeder’s rights” and “plant variety” in subsection 2(1) of the Act are replaced by the following:
“agreement country”« pays signataire »
“agreement country” means any of the following entities that is designated by the regulations as an agreement country with a view to the fulfilment of an agreement concerning the rights of plant breeders made between Canada and that entity:
(a) a country,
(b) a colony, protectorate or territory subject to the authority of another country or under its suzerainty,
(c) a territory over which another country exercises a mandate or trusteeship;
“breeder”« obtenteur »
“breeder”, in respect of a plant variety, means 
(a) any person who originates or who discovers and develops the plant variety, or
(b) any person in respect of whom an officer, servant or employee, while acting within the scope of his or her duties as the officer, servant or employee of that person, originates or discovers and develops the plant variety;
“category”« catégorie »
“category” means, in relation to a plant, a species, a grouping of species or any class within a species;
“country of the Union”« État de l’Union »
“country of the Union” means any country or other entity that is a party to the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants of December 2, 1961, as amended from time to time, or any WTO Member as defined in subsection 2(1) of the World Trade Organization Agreement Implementation Act;
“infringement”« violation »
“infringement”, in relation to plant breeder’s rights, means the doing, without authority under this Act, of anything that the holder of those rights has the right to do under any of sections 5 to 5.2;
“new variety”« obtention végétale »
“new variety” means a plant variety that is described in subsection 4(3);
“plant breeder’s rights”« certificat d’obtention »
“plant breeder’s rights”, in relation to a plant variety, means the rights that are granted under section 27;
“plant variety”« variété végétale »
“plant variety” means any plant grouping within a single botanical taxon of the lowest known rank that, whether or not the conditions for the grant of plant breeder’s rights are fully met, is capable of being
(a) defined by the expression of the characteristics resulting from a given genotype or combination of genotypes,
(b) distinguished from any other plant grouping by the expression of at least one of those characteristics, and
(c) considered as a unit with regard to its suitability for being reproduced unchanged;
(3) Subsection 2(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:
“document”« document »
“document” means anything on which information that is capable of being understood by a person, or read by a computer or other device, is recorded or marked;
“filing date”« date de dépôt »
“filing date” means, in respect of an application, the date specified in the notice given under subsection 10(2);
“person”« personne »
“person” has the same meaning as in section 2 of the Criminal Code;
(4) Subsection 2(2) of the Act is repealed.
3. Section 4 of the Act and the heading before it are replaced by the following:
CONDITIONS FOR PROTECTION
Eligible plant varieties
4. (1) Plant breeder’s rights may not be granted except in respect of a plant variety that belongs to a prescribed category and meets all of the conditions set out in subsection (2).
Conditions
(2) Plant breeder’s rights may be granted in respect of a plant variety if it
(a) is a new variety;
(b) is, by reason of one or more identifiable characteristics, clearly distinguishable from all varieties whose existence is a matter of common knowledge at the filing date of the application for the grant of plant breeder’s rights respecting that plant variety;
(c) is stable in its essential characteristics in that after repeated propagation or, if the applicant has defined a particular cycle of propagation, at the end of each cycle it remains true to its description; and
(d) is, having regard to the particular features of its sexual reproduction or vegetative propagation, a sufficiently homogeneous variety.
New variety
(3) A plant variety is a new variety if the propagating or harvested material of that variety has not been sold by, or with the concurrence of, the breeder of that variety or the breeder’s legal representative
(a) in Canada, before
(i) the prescribed period preceding the filing date of the application for the grant of plant breeder’s rights, in the case of a variety belonging to a recently prescribed category, and
(ii) the period of one year before the filing date of the application for the grant of plant breeder’s rights, in the case of any other variety; and
(b) outside Canada, before
(i) the period of six years before the filing date of the application for the grant of plant breeder’s rights, in the case of a tree or vine, and
(ii) the period of four years before the filing date of the application for the grant of plant breeder’s rights, in any other case.
Definition of “sufficiently homogeneous variety”
(4) For the purposes of paragraph (2)(d), “sufficiently homogeneous variety” means a variety for which, in the event of its sexual reproduction or vegetative propagation in substantial quantity, any variations in characteristics of the plants so reproduced or propagated are predictable, capable of being described and commercially acceptable.
Regulations
(5) The Governor in Council may make regulations prescribing classes of sales that are not to be considered sales for the purposes of subsection (3).
4. The heading before section 5 of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
DROITS PROTÉGÉS
5. Sections 5 and 6 of the Act are replaced by the following:
Nature of plant breeder’s rights
5. (1) Subject to the other provisions of this Act and the regulations, the holder of the plant breeder’s rights respecting a plant variety has the exclusive right
(a) to produce and reproduce propagating material of the variety;
(b) to condition propagating material of the variety for the purposes of propagating the variety;
(c) to sell propagating material of the variety;
(d) to export or import propagating material of the variety;
(e) to make repeated use of propagating material of the variety to produce commercially another plant variety if the repetition is necessary for that purpose;
(f) in the case of a variety to which ornamental plants belong, if those plants are normally marketed for purposes other than propagation, to use any such plants or parts of those plants as propagating material for the production of ornamental plants or cut flowers;
(g) to stock propagating material of the variety for the purpose of doing any act described in any of paragraphs (a) to (f); and
(h) to authorize, conditionally or unconditionally, the doing of any act described in any of paragraphs (a) to (g).
Royalty
(2) Without prejudice to any rights or privileges of the Crown, an authorization conferred under paragraph 1(h) may be subject to a condition to pay royalty to the holder of the plant breeder’s rights whether or not the holder is Her Majesty in right of Canada or a province.
Rights respecting harvested materials
5.1 Subject to the other provisions of this Act and the regulations, the holder of the plant breeder’s rights respecting a plant variety has the exclusive right to do any act described in any of paragraphs 5(1)(a) to (h) in respect of any harvested material, including whole plants or parts of plants, that is obtained through the unauthorized use of propagating material of the plant variety, unless the holder had reasonable opportunity to exercise his or her rights under section 5 in relation to that propagating material and failed to do so before claiming rights under this section.
Rights respecting certain other varieties
5.2 (1) Subject to the other provisions of this Act and the regulations, the holder of the plant breeder’s rights respecting a plant variety has the exclusive right to do any act described in any of paragraphs 5(1)(a) to (h) in respect of
(a) any other plant variety that is essentially derived from the plant variety if the plant variety is not itself essentially derived from another plant variety;
(b) any other plant variety that is not clearly distinguishable from the plant variety; and
(c) any other plant variety whose production requires the repeated use of the plant variety.
Meaning of essentially derived
(2) For the purpose of paragraph (1)(a), a plant variety is essentially derived from another plant variety (in this subsection referred to as the ‘‘initial variety’’) if
(a) it is predominantly derived from the initial variety or from a plant variety that is itself predominantly derived from the initial variety and it retains the essential characteristics that result from the genotype or combination of genotypes of the initial variety;
(b) it is clearly distinguishable from the initial variety; and
(c) it conforms to the initial variety in the expression of the essential characteristics that result from the genotype or combination of genotypes of the initial variety, except for the differences that result from its derivation from the initial variety.
Non-application of rights
5.3 (1) The rights referred to in sections 5 to 5.2 do not apply to any act done
(a) privately and for non-commercial purposes;
(b) for experimental purposes; or
(c) for the purpose of breeding other plant varieties.
Farmers’ privilege
(2) The rights referred to in paragraphs 5(1)(a) and (b) and — for the purposes of exercising those rights and the right to store — the right referred to in paragraph 5(1)(g) do not apply to harvested material of the plant variety that is grown by a farmer on the farmer’s holdings and used by the farmer on those holdings for the sole purpose of propagation of the plant variety.
Non-application of rights
5.4 (1) The rights referred to in sections 5 to 5.2 do not apply to any act done in relation to material of a plant variety after the material has been sold in Canada by the holder or with the holder’s consent, unless that act involves
(a) the further propagation of the plant variety; or
(b) the export of material of the plant variety to a country that does not protect varieties of the plant genus or species to which the exported plant variety belongs if the exported material is not intended for consumption.
Definition of “material”
(2) For the purpose of subsection (1), “material” means propagating material and harvested material, including whole plants and parts of plants.
Term of plant breeder’s rights
6. (1) The term of the grant of plant breeder’s rights, subject to earlier termination under this Act, shall be a period of 25 years in the case of a tree, a vine or any category specified by the regulations and 20 years in any other case. The period begins on the day on which the certificate of plant breeder’s rights is issued.
Payment of annual fee
(2) A holder of plant breeder’s rights shall, during the term of the grant of those rights, pay to the Commissioner, within the prescribed time, the prescribed annual fee.
6. Sections 7 and 8 of the Act are replaced by the following:
Application for plant breeder’s rights
7. (1) A breeder or the breeder’s legal representative may make an application to the Commissioner for the grant of plant breeder’s rights respecting a plant variety if, in the case of an individual, the breeder or legal representative is a citizen of, or is resident in, Canada, a country of the Union or an agreement country or, in the case of a person that is not an individual, the breeder or legal representative has an establishment in Canada, a country of the Union or an agreement country.
If two or more breeders
(2) If a plant variety is bred by two or more breeders otherwise than independently of each other, the persons entitled to make an application for the grant of plant breeder’s rights respecting that variety may make an application jointly and, if any of those persons refuses to do so or information regarding their whereabouts cannot be obtained through diligent inquiry, the remainder of those persons may make an application for that grant.
7. Sections 9 to 11 of the Act are replaced by the following:
How application to be made
9. (1) An application for the grant of plant breeder’s rights must
(a) include the prescribed information and be made in the prescribed manner;
(b) be accompanied by the prescribed fee;
(c) be supported by the prescribed documents and any other prescribed material; and
(d) in the case where the applicant wishes to request that those rights be exempted from compulsory licensing under subsection 32(1), include the request and his or her reasons for it.
Agent required for non-resident applicant
(2) An applicant that, in the case of an individual, is not resident in Canada and, in the case of a person that is not an individual, does not have an establishment in Canada shall submit the application through an agent resident in Canada.
Filing date of application
10. (1) Subject to subsection 11(1), the filing date of an application for the grant of plant breeder’s rights is the date on which the Commissioner has received, in respect of the application, all of the information, fees, documents and other materials that are required by subsection 9(1).
Notice of filing date
(2) The Commissioner shall send to the applicant a notice specifying the filing date.
Priority when breeders breed independently
10.1 In the case of two or more applications respecting a plant variety whose breeders bred it independently of each other, priority shall be given to the application with the earliest filing date. If the filing dates of the applications are the same, priority shall be given to the application pertaining to the breeder that was first in a position to apply for the plant breeder’s rights respecting the variety or that would have been first in the position to do so if the provisions under this Act for so doing had always been in force.
Priority when preceding application in country of Union or agreement country
11. (1) If an application made under section 7 is preceded by another application made in a country of the Union or an agreement country for protection in respect of the same plant variety and the same breeder, the filing date of the application made under section 7 is deemed to be the date on which the preceding application was made in that country of the Union or agreement country and, consequently, the applicant is entitled to priority in Canada despite any intervening use, publication or application respecting the variety if
(a) the application is made in the prescribed form within 12 months after the date on which the preceding application was made in that country of the Union or agreement country; and
(b) the application is accompanied by a claim respecting the priority and by the prescribed fee.
Confirmation of claim to priority
(2) A claim respecting priority based on a preceding application made in a country of the Union or an agreement country shall not be allowed unless, within three months after the date that would be the filing date of the application if there were no claim respecting priority, the claim is confirmed by filing with the Commissioner a copy, certified as correct by the appropriate authority in that country of the Union or agreement country and accompanied by an English or French translation of the certified copy, if made in any other language, of each document that constituted the preceding application.
Supporting evidence
(3) An applicant that is given priority shall provide, within a period of three years after the date on which the preceding application was made in the country of the Union or agreement country, evidence that the applicant has begun the tests and trials with the plant variety referred to in subsection 23(2).
Two or more preceding applications
(4) If an application made under section 7 is preceded by two or more applications made in different countries of the Union or agreement countries for protection in respect of the same plant variety and the same breeder, only the first of those preceding applications is to be taken into account for the purposes of subsection (1).
8. Subsection 12(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Priority conditional on residence, etc.
12. (1) No claim referred to in paragraph 11(1)(b) shall be based on any preceding application unless it was made by a person who, at the time of the application, was entitled to make an application under subsection 7(1).
9. The heading before section 14 of the Act is replaced by the following:
DENOMINATIONS
10. (1) Subsection 14(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Designation of denominations
14. (1) A plant variety in respect of which an application for the grant of plant breeder’s rights is made shall be designated by means of a denomination proposed by the applicant and approved by the Commissioner.
(2) Subsection 14(4) of the Act is replaced by the following:
International uniformity of denomination
(4) A denomination that the Commissioner approves for any plant variety in respect of which protection has been granted by, or an application for protection has been submitted to, the appropriate authority in a country of the Union or an agreement country must, subject to subsections (2), (3) and (5), be the same as the denomination with reference to which that protection has been granted or that application submitted.
11. Section 15 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Approved denomination to be used exclusively
15. After the grant of plant breeder’s rights respecting any plant variety, and even after the expiry of the term of the grant of those rights, every person who is designating the variety for the purposes of the sale of propagating material of the variety shall use the denomination approved by the Commissioner.
12. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 16:
Direction to change denomination
16.1 If, after the grant of plant breeder’s rights respecting any plant variety, the Commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that the use of the denomination is unsuitable or that the prior rights of another person are prejudiced by its use, the Commissioner may direct the holder to change the denomination, subject to the Commissioner’s approval of the new denomination.
13. Subsection 17(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Rejection of application
17. (1) The Commissioner may reject an application for the grant of plant breeder’s rights if the application is not consistent with any provision of this Act or the regulations, including if the plant variety in respect of which the application is made is not a new variety or if the applicant is not entitled to apply under section 7.
14. Sections 18 to 21 of the Act are replaced by the following:
Amendment of application
18. An applicant may, within the period prescribed for so doing, or with leave given by the Commissioner at the applicant’s request after the expiry of that period, add to or alter the denomination proposed by that applicant under section 14 or the description of the plant variety for the purposes of the application.
PROVISIONAL PROTECTION
Applicant’s rights
19. (1) Subject to subsection (2), an applicant for the grant of plant breeder’s rights in respect of a plant variety has, as of the filing date of the application, the same rights in respect of the variety that he or she would have under sections 5 to 5.2 if plant breeder’s rights were to be granted.
When rights in effect
(2) If the applicant is granted plant breeder’s rights, the applicant is, in respect of the period beginning on the filing date and ending on the date on which the plant breeder’s rights are granted, entitled to equitable remuneration from any person who, having been notified in writing by the applicant that the application for those rights has been filed under this Act, carried out acts that require the authorization of the applicant.
Rights extinguished
20. (1) The rights granted under section 19 cease if the application is withdrawn by the applicant, is rejected or refused or is deemed to have been abandoned under section 26.
Reinstatement of application
(2) Despite subsection (1), if an application that is deemed to have been abandoned is subsequently reinstated, the rights granted under section 19 are deemed never to have ceased.
Filing date — claim respecting priority
21. For the purposes of sections 19 and 20, with respect to an applicant that has made a claim respecting priority under section 11, the filing date is the date that would be the filing date of the application if there were no claim respecting priority.
1995, c. 1, s. 52
15. (1) Subsection 22(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Making objection to application
22. (1) A person who considers that an application in respect of which particulars have been published under section 70 ought to be refused on any ground that constitutes a basis for rejection under section 17 or that a request in the application for an exemption from compulsory licensing ought to be refused, may, on payment of the prescribed fee, file with the Commissioner, within the prescribed period beginning on the date of publication, an objection specifying that person’s reasons. The prescribed fees are not required in the case of an objection made for the purpose of this subsection under the authority of the Minister of Industry after notice under subsection 70(2).
(2) Subsection 22(2) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Copie de l’opposition
(2) Dans les meilleurs délais après le dépôt d’une opposition autre que celle qu’il rejette au titre du paragraphe (3), le directeur adresse à la personne ayant déposé la demande de certificat d’obtention en cause copie de l’opposition.
(3) Subsection 22(4) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Representations by objector and applicant
(4) If the objection is not rejected in accordance with subsection (3), the Commissioner shall give the person making the objection and the person in respect of whose application the objection is filed a reasonable opportunity to make representations with respect to the objection and shall take those representations into account before making the decision to refuse the application or to grant plant breeder’s rights with or without an exemption from compulsory licensing.
16. (1) Subsection 23(2) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Tests and trials
(2) For the purpose of determining if the plant variety to which the application relates meets the requirements set out in section 4, the Commissioner shall require the performance of any tests and trials with the plant variety, under any conditions, as the Commissioner considers necessary.
(2) The portion of subsection 23(3) of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Fee and materials
(3) The person on whose part material is submitted for consideration under subsection (1) shall, without prejudice to the requirements of subsection 9(1) and at the time and place that the Commissioner directs,
(3) Paragraph 23(3)(a) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
a) acquitter les droits réglementaires pour l’examen de sa demande;
(4) Subsection 23(3) of the Act is amended by striking out “and” at the end of paragraph (a) and by replacing paragraph (b) with the following:
(b) provide any of the following that the Commissioner considers necessary for the purposes of carrying out or evaluating the results of tests and trials with the plant variety in question:
(i) propagating materials,
(ii) information, whether by way of photographs, drawings, documentation or otherwise, respecting the plant variety, and
(iii) specimens of the plant variety or of parts of it; and
(c) provide any prescribed information, documents or materials.
17. Subsection 24(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Acceptance of foreign results
24. (1) If the Commissioner obtains from an appropriate authority in any country of the Union or agreement country the official results of tests and trials referred to in subsection 23(2) and the Commissioner considers them to be acceptable, the Commissioner may rely on those results. The person on whose part material is submitted for consideration under subsection 23(1) shall pay the costs incurred in obtaining those results.
18. Section 26 of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Désistement
26. (1) S’il omet de donner suite, dans le délai réglementaire, à l’avis que lui adresse le directeur après toute mesure prise par ses services au sujet de la demande de certificat d’obtention, le requérant est réputé s’être désisté, notamment s’il y a eu de sa part inobservation du paragraphe 23(3) ou non-paiement des droits prévus au paragraphe 27(3).
Réactivation de la demande
(2) Le requérant réputé s’être désisté peut réactiver sa demande, selon le cas :
a) sur paiement des droits et pendant le délai réglementaires;
b) sur requête présentée au directeur dans le délai ultérieur prévu par règlement et sur paiement des droits réglementaires, s’il convainc par ailleurs celui-ci qu’il n’était vraiment pas en mesure de donner suite à sa demande.
19. (1) Subsections 27(1) to (3) of the Act are replaced by the following:
Decision of Commissioner
27. (1) If the Commissioner approves a denomination proposed by an applicant under section 14 and, after consideration of the application in accordance with subsection 23(1) and evaluation of the results of any tests and trials carried out with the plant variety to which the application relates, the Commissioner is satisfied that the plant variety meets the requirements set out in section 4 and that the application otherwise conforms to this Act, the Commissioner shall grant plant breeder’s rights in accordance with subsection (3).
Refusal
(2) If the Commissioner is not satisfied as described in subsection (1), the Commissioner shall refuse the application.
Request for exemption
(2.1) In the case where the applicant for plant breeder’s rights has requested that those rights be exempted from compulsory licensing under subsection 32(1), the Commissioner may, at the time of the grant of those rights, approve that request if the Commissioner is satisfied with the reasons given by the applicant for that request.
Rights granted by issuance of certificate
(3) The Commissioner shall, on payment of the prescribed fee,
(a) enter in the register the particulars required by section 63 in relation to the plant variety in respect of which the plant breeder’s rights are to be granted; and
(b) make the grant by issuing a certificate of plant breeder’s rights in respect of the plant variety to the applicant.
(2) Subsection 27(5) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Destroyed or lost certificates
(5) If a certificate of plant breeder’s rights issued under paragraph (3)(b) is destroyed or lost, a certified copy may be issued in lieu of that certificate on payment of the prescribed fee.
20. Sections 28 and 29 of the Act are replaced by the following:
Grant to joint applicants
28. If the Commissioner grants plant breed- er’s rights to joint applicants as described in subsection 7(2), the grant shall be in the names of all those joint applicants.
21. Paragraph 30(1)(a) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(a) ensure that he or she is in a position, throughout the period of his or her registration as the holder, to furnish the Commissioner, on request, with propagating material of that variety that is capable of reproducing that variety so that its identifiable characteristics correspond with those taken into account for the purpose of granting those rights; and
22. (1) Subsection 32(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Grant of compulsory licences
32. (1) Subject to subsections (2) to (6) and the regulations and if the Commissioner considers that it is appropriate to do so, the Commissioner may, on application by any person, authorize the doing of any act described in any of paragraphs 5(1)(a) to (g) by granting the person a compulsory licence.
(2) Subsections 32(4) and (5) of the French version of the Act are replaced by the following:
Modification et révocation de la licence
(4) Le directeur peut modifier ou révoquer la licence obligatoire à la suite des observations que lui présente toute personne intéressée.
Observation : cas de préjudice
(5) Avant d’accepter ou de rejeter une demande de licence obligatoire, d’en fixer les modalités, ou encore de la modifier ou de la révoquer, le directeur doit accorder aux personnes intéressées qui subiront un préjudice de ce fait la possibilité de présenter leurs observations conformément à l’avis qu’il estime utile de leur donner.
23. Section 34 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Annulment of grant
34. The Commissioner may, before the end of the term fixed by subsection 6(1) for a grant of plant breeder’s rights, annul the grant if the Commissioner is satisfied that, at the time of the grant of those rights, the requirements set out in section 4 or the conditions set out in subsection 7(1) were not fulfilled or the holder was otherwise not entitled under this Act to the grant.
24. (1) Paragraph 35(1)(c) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(c) their holder has failed to comply with a direction under section 16.1 to change the denomination of the plant variety to which the rights relate;
(2) Paragraph 35(1)(d) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
d) n’a pas acquitté, dans le délai réglementaire, les droits prévus au paragraphe 6(2);
(3) Paragraph 35(1)(e) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(e) the plant variety which is the subject of those rights no longer meets the conditions described in paragraph 4(2)(c) or (d).
(4) Subsection 35(2) of the Act is repealed.
25. Section 36 of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Avis d’intention
36. (1) Le directeur donne au titulaire du certificat d’obtention, ainsi qu’à tout attributaire d’une licence obligatoire ou à toute personne qui lui semble suffisamment intéressée par ailleurs, un avis motivé de son intention d’annuler la délivrance du certificat ou de le révoquer.
Opposition
(2) Toute personne intéressée peut faire opposition auprès du directeur dans le délai réglementaire commençant à la date de l’avis prévu au paragraphe (1) ou dans le délai supplémentaire qu’il accorde.
Examen des observations
(3) Le directeur tient compte des observations qui lui sont présentées par les personnes intéressées avant d’annuler ou de révoquer le certificat d’obtention.
Droit de se faire entendre
(4) Par l’avis qu’il juge indiqué, le directeur donne aux personnes intéressées au titre des paragraphes (2) ou (3) la possibilité de faire opposition ou de lui présenter leurs observations, les dispositions du paragraphe (1) continuant toutefois à s’appliquer.
26. Subsection 38(2) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Paiement des droits
(2) Le titulaire demeure responsable du paiement des droits afférents à son certificat d’obtention pour la période allant jusqu’à la renonciation.
27. Subsection 39(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
No residency or establishment
39. (1) If a holder of plant breeder’s rights, in the case of an individual, is not resident in Canada or, in the case of a person that is not an individual, does not have an establishment in Canada, the holder shall have an agent in respect of those rights who is resident in Canada.
28. (1) Subsection 41(1) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Violation des droits
41. (1) Toute personne qui porte atteinte aux droits du titulaire d’un certificat d’obtention est responsable, envers lui et tout ayant droit, du préjudice subi par lui ou cet ayant droit; sauf entente contraire, le titulaire est partie à toute action visant le recouvrement des dommages.
(2) Paragraph 41(2)(a) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
a) restreindre toute utilisation, production ou vente de la variété végétale en cause et fixer la peine en cas de contravention;
29. (1) Subsection 43(2) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Compétence de la Cour fédérale : registre
(2) Sous réserve de l’article 44, la Cour fédérale a compétence exclusive en première instance, sur demande du directeur ou de toute personne intéressée, pour ordonner la suppression au registre, ou la modification, de toute inscription non conforme aux exigences de l’article 63.
(2) The portion of subsection 43(3) of the French version of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Annulation par la Cour fédérale
(3) Sous réserve de l’article 44, la Cour fédérale peut, sur demande du procureur général du Canada ou de toute personne intéressée, annuler un certificat d’obtention dans les cas suivants :
(3) Paragraphs 43(3)(a) to (c) of the Act are replaced by the following:
(a) a condition specified in paragraph 4(2)(a) or (b) was not fulfilled; or
(b) the holder has not complied with paragraph 30(1)(a).
(4) Subsection 43(4) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Déclaration
(4) Toute personne qui a des motifs valables de croire que le titulaire alléguera en l’occurrence une violation de ses droits peut, sous réserve du paragraphe (5), demander à la Cour fédérale de statuer par déclaration sur la question de savoir si la mesure qu’il a prise ou entend prendre constitue effectivement une violation.
30. The portion of subsection 45(1) of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Holder required to take proceedings
45. (1) A person who has been granted, in respect of plant breeder’s rights, an authorization described in paragraph 5(1)(h) or a compulsory licence under subsection 32(1) may, subject to any agreement between that person and the holder of the rights,
31. Paragraphs 46(a) to (c) of the Act are replaced by the following:
(a) that a condition specified in paragraph 4(2)(a) or (b) was not fulfilled; or
(b) that the holder has not complied with paragraph 30(1)(a).
32. Section 47 of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Recevabilité des certificats étrangers
47. Le document relatif à l’octroi de la protection d’une variété végétale paraissant délivré par l’autorité compétente d’un État de l’Union ou d’un pays signataire et paraissant signé par cette autorité ou en son nom, ainsi que toute copie certifiée conforme, est admissible en preuve devant le tribunal saisi du litige sur les droits de l’obtenteur sans qu’il soit nécessaire de prouver l’authenticité de la signature qui y est apposée ou la qualité officielle du signataire.
2002, c. 8, s. 158
33. Subsection 49(1) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Dépôt au Bureau d’un jugement d’annulation
49. (1) Le certificat d’une décision de la Cour fédérale, de la Cour d’appel fédérale ou de la Cour suprême du Canada annulant un certificat d’obtention est, à la demande de toute personne qui en fait la production pour dépôt au Bureau, consigné au regard du certificat d’obtention.
34. (1) Paragraph 50(1)(b) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(b) determining whether or not annulment of the grant of plant breeder’s rights is required by section 13;
(2) Paragraph 50(1)(d) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
d) la modification d’une telle licence, notamment le prolongement de sa durée, sa révocation ou son assujettissement à des restrictions;
35. Subsection 51(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Transmission of documents to Federal Court
51. (1) If any proceedings have been instituted in the Federal Court under this Act, the Commissioner shall, at the request of any party to the proceedings and on payment of the prescribed fee, transmit to the Court all records and documents on file in the Plant Breeders’ Rights Office that relate to the matters in question in the proceedings.
36. Section 52 of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Production des jugements
52. Le greffe de la Cour fédérale transmet au directeur une copie certifiée de tout jugement ou ordonnance rendu par cette cour ou par la Cour suprême du Canada relativement à une variété végétale faisant l’objet d’un certificat d’obtention ou d’une demande d’un tel certificat.
37. (1) The portion of subsection 53(1) of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Secrecy
53. (1) Every person commits an offence who knowingly discloses any information with regard to any variety in respect of which an application for plant breeder’s rights is made or with regard to the business affairs of the applicant that was acquired by that person in performing any functions under this Act except if the information is disclosed
(2) The portion of subsection 53(2) of the French version of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Infractions : dénomination et vente
(2) Commet une infraction la personne qui, sciemment :
(3) Paragraph 53(2)(a) of the English version of the Act is replaced by the following:
(a) knowingly contravenes section 15;
(4) The portion of paragraph 53(2)(b) of the English version of the Act before subparagraph (i) is replaced by the following:
(b) for the purpose of selling any propagating material, knowingly designates the material by reference to
(5) Paragraph 53(2)(c) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(c) knowingly, for the purpose of selling any propagating material, represents falsely that the material is propagating material of, or is derived from, a plant variety in respect of which plant breeder’s rights are held or have been applied for.
(6) The portion of subsection 53(3) of the French version of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Infractions : faux
(3) Commet une infraction la personne qui, sciemment, dans le cadre de l’application de la présente loi :
1997, c. 6, s. 76(1)
(7) Subsections 53(7) and (8) of the Act are replaced by the following:
Limitation period
(7) A prosecution for a summary conviction offence under this Act may be instituted at any time within two years after the day on which the subject matter of the prosecution becomes known to the Commissioner.
Commissioner’s certificate
(8) A document purporting to have been issued by the Commissioner, certifying the day on which the subject matter of any prosecution became known to him or her, is admissible in evidence without proof of the signature or official character of the person appearing to have signed the document and is evidence of the matters asserted in it.
38. Section 54 of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Certificat de l’examinateur
54. Le certificat paraissant signé par l’agent nommé ou désigné comme examinateur en chef du Bureau, où il est déclaré que celui-ci a étudié telle substance ou tel produit et où sont donnés ses résultats, est admissible en preuve dans les poursuites engagées pour infraction à la présente loi sans qu’il soit nécessaire de prouver l’authenticité de la signature qui y est apposée ou la qualité officielle du signataire; sauf preuve contraire, le certificat fait foi de son contenu.
1997, c. 6, s. 78
39. Subsection 56(4) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Functions of Commissioner
(4) The Commissioner shall receive all applications, fees, documents and materials submitted for plant breeders’ rights, shall do all things necessary for the granting of plant breeders’ rights and for the exercise of all other powers conferred, and the discharge of all other duties imposed, on the Commissioner under this Act and shall have the charge and custody of the register and any other documents or materials belonging to the Plant Breeders’ Rights Office.
40. Subsection 60(1) of the English version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Seal of office
60. (1) The Commissioner shall cause a seal to be made for the purposes of this Act and each certificate of plant breeder’s rights issued under paragraph 27(3)(b) to be sealed with that seal. The Commissioner may also cause any other instrument or copy of any document issuing from the Plant Breeders’ Rights Office to be sealed with that seal.
41. (1) The portion of section 63 of the Act before paragraph (c) is replaced by the following:
Register
63. The Commissioner shall keep a register of plant breeders’ rights and, subject to the payment of any fee required under this Act to be paid in the case of any entry in the register, the Commissioner shall enter in it
(a) in relation to each plant variety that is the subject of those rights, the prescribed category to which it belongs;
(b) the denomination of the variety, and any change to that denomination;
(2) Paragraph 63(h) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(h) the prescribed particulars of each application for the grant of plant breeder’s rights and of any abandonment or withdrawal of the application; and
42. Subsection 64(2) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Extraits certifiés conformes
(2) Les documents paraissant constituer des extraits du registre et être certifiés conformes par le directeur font foi de leur contenu sans autre preuve.
43. Section 65 of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Certificat du directeur
65. Fait foi de son contenu le certificat paraissant établi par le directeur pour constater qu’une inscription au registre a été faite ou non ou qu’une mesure autorisée par la présente loi a été prise ou non.
44. Paragraph 66(1)(a) of the English version of the Act is replaced by the following:
(a) the correction of any clerical error or error in translation appearing in a certificate of plant breeder’s rights issued under paragraph 27(3)(b), in an application for plant breeder’s rights, in any document filed for the purposes of such an application or in the register or index;
45. (1) Subsection 67(2) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Public accessibility
(2) The Commissioner shall make the following accessible to the public on the Internet and, if the Commissioner considers it appropriate, by any other means:
(a) the register;
(b) the index; and
(c) any documents referred to in subsection (1) that are prescribed and any other documents that should, in the Commissioner’s opinion, be made accessible to the public.
(2) Subsection 67(4) of the Act is repealed.
46. Paragraph 68(1)(b) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
b) par courrier recommandé à l’adresse donnée par la personne en cause ou, en l’absence de cette indication, à son adresse habituelle ou à sa dernière adresse connue au Canada;
47. (1) Paragraphs 70(1)(c) and (d) of the Act are repealed.
(2) Paragraph 70(3)(b) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(b) a notice of every annulment under section 34 or revocation under section 35.
48. Subsection 72(2) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Preuve de la connaissance
(2) Il est entendu que, pour l’appréciation visée au paragraphe (1), la connaissance des éléments en cause par la personne intéressée peut être établie par tout moyen de droit.
49. Subsection 73(2) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Composition
(2) Le comité est composé de membres que le ministre choisit parmi les représentants des groupes ou organismes d’obtenteurs, de marchands ou producteurs de semence, d’agriculteurs, des horticulteurs et de toute autre personne intéressée qu’il estime indiquée.
50. (1) Paragraph 75(1)(a) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(a) fixing the fees that a person may be required to pay in respect of any services provided by the Commissioner or by any person authorized by the Commissioner and providing for the time and manner in which the fees are to be paid and the circumstances in which the fees may be refunded in whole or in part;
(2) Paragraphs 75(1)(c) and (d) of the Act are replaced by the following:
(c) defining the meanings of the words and expressions “commercially acceptable”, “description”, “designation”, “identifiable characteristics”, “reasonably priced”, “recently prescribed category”, “representations”, “tree”, “vine” and “widely distributed” for the purposes of this Act;
(c.1) prescribing, for the purposes of paragraph 5(1)(b), any acts that are to be considered as the conditioning of propagating material;
(c.2) specifying categories for the purposes of subsection 6(1);
(d) respecting the publication in the Trade Marks Journal of information relating to proposals, approvals and changes of denominations;
(3) Paragraph 75(1)(f) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(f) designating any entity as an agreement country for the purposes of any of the provisions of this Act or the regulations, with a view to the fulfilment of an agreement concerning the rights of plant breeders made between Canada and that entity, and, despite anything in this Act, qualifying or restricting any rights or other benefits under this Act;
(4) Paragraphs 75(1)(k) and (l) of the Act are replaced by the following:
(k) respecting the granting of plant breeder’s rights with an exemption, under subsection 27(2.1), from compulsory licensing, including the circumstances in which the exemption may be given or revoked by the Commissioner, the terms and conditions on which the exemption may be given and the factors that are to be taken into account before the exemption is revoked;
(l) prescribing
(i) the information to be entered in, and the forms of, the register, the index, applications for plant breeders’ rights and any other record, instrument or document to be kept, made or used for the purposes of this Act, and
(ii) the means, factors or criteria for determining whether the existence of a plant variety is a matter of common knowledge for the purposes of paragraph 4(2)(b) or section 62;
(l.1) respecting any classes of farmers or plant varieties to which subsection 5.3(2) is not to apply;
(l.2) respecting the use of harvested material under subsection 5.3(2), including any circumstances in which that use is restricted or prohibited and any conditions to which that use is subject;
(5) Subsection 75(2) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Publication préalable des règlements
(2) Sous réserve du paragraphe (3), les projets de règlement sont publiés dans la Gazette du Canada, les personnes intéressées se voyant accorder la possibilité de présenter leurs observations à cet égard.
51. The heading before section 79 and sections 79 to 81 of the Act are replaced by the following:
TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS
Plant breeders’ rights — previously granted
79. This Act, as it reads on or after the day on which this section comes into force, does not apply with respect to plant breeders’ rights granted before that day, but this Act, as it read immediately before that day, continues to apply with respect to those rights.
Existing applications
80. An application for the grant of plant breeder’s rights that was made before the day on which this section comes into force and that was not disposed of before that day is to be dealt with and disposed of in accordance with this Act. However, if plant breeder’s rights are granted to the applicant, sections 19 to 21, as they read immediately before the day on which this section comes into force, continue to apply with respect to those rights.
Existing proceedings
81. A proceeding commenced under this Act before the day on which this section comes into force that, on that day, is pending before a court and in respect of which no decision has been made shall be dealt with and disposed of in accordance with this Act as it read immediately before that day.
R.S., c. F-9
FEEDS ACT
52. The long title of the Feeds Act is replaced by the following:
An Act respecting feeds
53. (1) The definitions “livestock” and “sell” in section 2 of the Act are replaced by the following:
“livestock”« animaux de ferme »
“livestock” means any animals designated by regulation as livestock for the purposes of this Act;
“sell”« vente »
“sell” includes agree to sell, offer for sale, expose for sale or have in possession for sale or distribute to one or more persons;
(2) Section 2 of the Act is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:
“conveyance”« véhicule »
“conveyance” means a vessel, aircraft, train, motor vehicle, trailer or other means of transportation, including a cargo container;
“document”« document »
“document” means anything on which information that is capable of being understood by a person, or read by a computer or other device, is recorded or marked;
“environment”« environnement »
“environment” means the components of the Earth and includes
(a) air, land and water,
(b) all layers of the atmosphere,
(c) all organic and inorganic matter and living organisms, and
(d) the interacting natural systems that include components referred to in paragraphs (a) to (c);
“establishment”« établissement »
“establishment” means any place, including a conveyance, where a feed is manufactured, stored, packaged or labelled;
“inspection mark”« sceau d’inspection »
“inspection mark” means a prescribed mark, stamp, seal, product legend, word or design or any combination of those things;
“item to which this Act applies”« chose visée par la présente loi »
“item to which this Act applies” means
(a) a feed,
(b) anything used in an activity regulated under this Act, and
(c) a document that is related to a feed or to any activity regulated under this Act;
54. (1) Paragraph 3(1)(a) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(a) has, in accordance with the regulations, been approved by the Minister or registered;
(2) Paragraph 3(1)(c) of the English version of the Act is replaced by the following:
(c) is packaged and labelled in accordance with the regulations.
(3) Subsection 3(3) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Feed presenting risk of harm
(3) No person shall manufacture, sell, import or export in contravention of the regulations any feed that presents a risk of harm to human or animal health or the environment.
55. Section 4 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Prescribed activity with licence or registration
3.1 No person shall conduct a prescribed activity in respect of a prescribed feed that has been imported for sale — or that is to be exported or to be sent or conveyed from one province to another — unless the person is authorized to do so by a registration made under subsection 5.2(1), by a licence issued under that subsection or by both such a registration and licence, as provided for in the regulations.
Prescribed activity in registered establishment
3.2 No person shall conduct a prescribed activity in respect of a prescribed feed that has been imported for sale — or that is to be exported or to be sent or conveyed from one province to another — unless the activity is conducted in an establishment registered under subsection 5.3(1) in accordance with the regulations.
Use of inspection mark
3.3 (1) Unless authorized by the regulations, no person shall
(a) apply or use an inspection mark; or
(b) advertise or sell anything if the thing has an inspection mark on it or an inspection mark is used in connection with the thing.
Use of similar mark
(2) No person shall
(a) apply or use a thing that so resembles an inspection mark that it is likely to be mistaken for it; or
(b) advertise or sell anything that has on it a thing referred to in paragraph (a) or that has a thing referred to in that paragraph used in connection with it.
Presumption
(3) A person found in possession of anything referred to in paragraph (1)(b) or (2)(b) is considered, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, to be in possession of it for the purpose of advertising or selling.
Recall order — Canadian Food Inspection Agency Act
3.4 No person shall sell a feed that is the subject of a recall order referred to in subsection 19(1) of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency Act.
Exemption
4. This Act does not apply in respect of a feed that is manufactured by a livestock producer if it is not sold and has not had incorporated into it any drug or other substance that presents a risk of harm to human or animal health or the environment.
56. (1) Paragraph 5(a) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(a) respecting applications for registration or for approval of feeds and the information to be furnished with the applications;
(2) Paragraphs 5(c) and (d) of the Act are replaced by the following:
(b.1) respecting the approval of feeds;
(c) respecting the duration and cancellation of the registration or approval of feeds;
(c.1) respecting the manufacturing, sale, importation or exportation of any feed that presents a risk of harm to human or animal health or the environment;
(c.2) respecting the sending or conveying from one province to another or the importation or exportation of any feed;
(c.3) respecting the manufacturing or sale of any feed that is to be exported or to be sent or conveyed from one province to another;
(c.4) respecting the sale of any feed that has been imported;
(d) exempting, with or without conditions, any item to which this Act applies, or a person or activity in respect of a feed, from the application of this Act or the regulations or a provision of this Act or the regulations;
(3) Section 5 of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (e):
(e.1) prescribing standards for the manufacturing or the safety of feeds;
(e.2) prescribing inspection marks in respect of any feeds and regulating their application or use;
(4) Section 5 of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (g):
(g.1) requiring persons to take or keep samples of any feed, or its package or label, and to provide the Minister or an inspector with, or with access to, those samples, and respecting the manner in which those samples are to be taken or kept and the manner in which they are to be provided or access to them is to be provided;
(5) Section 5 of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (h):
(h.1) respecting
(i) the registration of persons or the issuing of licences to persons under section 5.2 or the registration of establishments under section 5.3,
(ii) the suspension, cancellation and renewal of those licences and registrations, and
(iii) the amendment of those licences and registrations or of any of the conditions to which they are subject by reason of subsection 5.2(3) or 5.3(4);
(h.2) respecting quality management programs, quality control programs, safety programs, preventive control plans or any other similar programs or plans to be implemented by persons who conduct any activity regulated under this Act;
(6) Paragraph 5(i) of the English version of the Act is replaced by the following:
(i) designating specific animals, including birds, as livestock for the purposes of this Act;
(7) Section 5 of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (k):
(k.1) respecting the evaluation of a feed, including regulations respecting
(i) the provision of samples of the feed,
(ii) the provision of information in respect of the feed, including information that
(A) permits the feed to be distinguished from other feeds, and
(B) is required for evaluating the potential impact of the feed on, and the risk of harm posed by the feed to, human and animal health and the environment, and
(iii) the evaluation of the potential impact of the feed on, and the risk of harm posed by the feed to, human and animal health and the environment;
(k.2) requiring persons to prepare, keep or maintain documents and to provide the Minister or an inspector with, or with access to, those documents, and respecting
(i) the information in those documents,
(ii) the manner in which they are to be prepared, kept or maintained,
(iii) the place where they are to be kept or maintained, and
(iv) the manner in which they are to be provided or access to them is to be provided;
(k.3) respecting the issuance of certificates or other documents for the purpose of section 5.5;
(8) Section 5 of the Act is renumbered as subsection 5(1) and is amended by adding the following:
Paragraphs (1)(c.1) and (c.2)
(2) Regulations made under paragraph (1)(c.1) or (c.2) may, among other things, establish preclearance or in-transit requirements for any imported feed or anything imported with it.
Paragraph (1)(k.2)
(3) Regulations made under paragraph (1)(k.2) may, among other things, require persons who conduct any activity regulated under this Act and who become aware that a feed presents a risk of harm to human or animal health or the environment or does not meet the requirements of the regulations to provide written notice to that effect to the Minister or an inspector.
57. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 5:
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
Incorporation by reference
5.1 (1) A regulation made under subsection 5(1) may incorporate by reference any document, regardless of its source, either as it exists on a particular date or as it is amended from time to time.
Accessibility
(2) The Minister must ensure that any document that is incorporated by reference in a regulation made under subsection 5(1), including any amendments to the document, is accessible.
Defence
(3) A person is not liable to be found guilty of an offence or subjected to an administrative sanction for any contravention in respect of which a document that is incorporated by reference in a regulation made under subsection 5(1) is relevant unless, at the time of the alleged contravention, the document was accessible as required by subsection (2) or it was otherwise accessible to the person.
No registration or publication
(4) For greater certainty, a document that is incorporated by reference in a regulation made under subsection 5(1) is not required to be transmitted for registration or published in the Canada Gazette by reason only that it is incorporated by reference.
REGISTRATIONS AND LICENCES
Persons
5.2 (1) The Minister may, on application, register a person, or issue a licence to a person, authorizing them to conduct a prescribed activity in respect of a prescribed feed that has been imported for sale — or that is to be exported or to be sent or conveyed from one province to another — or both register a person and issue them a licence.
Conditions — regulations
(2) The registration and the licence are subject to the prescribed conditions.
Conditions — Minister
(3) The Minister may make a registration or licence subject to any additional conditions that he or she considers appropriate.
Obligation to comply
(4) The holder of the registration or licence must comply with all the conditions to which the registration or licence is subject.
No transfer
(5) The registration or licence is not transferable.
Establishments
5.3 (1) The Minister may, on application, register an establishment as one where a prescribed activity may be conducted in respect of a prescribed feed that has been imported for sale or that is to be exported or to be sent or conveyed from one province to another.
Holder
(2) The applicant in respect of an establishment is the holder of the registration.
Conditions — regulations
(3) The registration is subject to the prescribed conditions.
Conditions — Minister
(4) The Minister may make a registration subject to any additional conditions that he or she considers appropriate.
Obligation to comply
(5) The holder of the registration must comply with all the conditions to which the registration is subject.
No transfer
(6) The registration is not transferable.
Amendment, suspension, cancellation and renewal
5.4 Subject to the regulations, the Minister may amend, suspend, cancel or renew a registration made under subsection 5.2(1) or 5.3(1) or a licence issued under subsection 5.2(1).
GENERAL
Export certificates
5.5 The Minister may issue any certificate or other document setting out any information that he or she considers necessary to facilitate the export of any feed.
Disposition of samples
5.6 A sample taken by an inspector, or provided to the Minister or an inspector, under this Act may be disposed of in any manner that the Minister considers appropriate.
Inspection marks
5.7 Every inspection mark is a trade-mark and the exclusive property in the trade-mark and, subject to this Act, the right to its use are vested in Her Majesty in right of Canada.
Consideration of information
5.8 In considering an application made under the regulations in relation to a feed, the Minister may consider information that is available from a review or evaluation of a feed conducted by the government of a foreign state or of a subdivision of a foreign state or by an international organization, or association, of states.
R.S., c. 31 (1st Supp.), s. 8(1)
58. (1) The portion of subsection 7(1) of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Powers of inspectors
7. (1) Subject to subsection (1.1), an inspector may, for a purpose related to verifying compliance or preventing non-compliance with this Act,
(2) Subsection 7(1) of the Act is amended by striking out “and” at the end of paragraph (c), by adding “and’’ at the end of paragraph (d) and by adding the following after paragraph (d):
(e) remove anything from that place for the purpose of examination, conducting tests or taking samples.
(3) Section 7 of the Act is amended by adding the following after subsection (2):
Provision of documents, information or samples
(3) An inspector may, for a purpose related to verifying compliance or preventing non-compliance with this Act, order a person to provide, on the date, at the time and place and in the manner specified by the inspector, any document, information or sample specified by the inspector.
59. Subsection 9(2) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Release of seized article
(2) If an inspector is satisfied that the provisions of this Act and the regulations that apply with respect to an article seized under this Act have been complied with, the article must be released.
60. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 9:
Removal or destruction of unlawful imports
9.1 (1) An inspector who has reasonable grounds to believe that an imported feed does not meet the requirements of the regulations or was imported in contravention of a provision of this Act or the regulations may, by notice, whether the feed is seized or not, order its owner or importer or the person having possession, care or control of it to remove it from Canada or, if removal is not possible, to destroy it.
Notice
(2) The notice must either be delivered personally to the owner or importer of the feed or to the person having possession, care or control of it or be sent by registered mail to the owner’s, importer’s or person’s address in Canada.
Forfeiture
(3) If the feed is not removed from Canada or destroyed within the period specified in the notice — or, if no period was specified, within 90 days after the day on which the notice was delivered or sent — it is, despite subsection 9(2), forfeited to Her Majesty in right of Canada and may be disposed of as the Minister may direct.
Suspension of application of subsection (3)
(4) An inspector may, for a period that he or she specifies, suspend the application of subsection (3) if he or she is satisfied that
(a) harm to human or animal health or the environment is unlikely to result;
(b) the feed will not be sold within that period;
(c) the measures that should have been taken for the feed not to have been imported in contravention of a provision of this Act or the regulations will be taken within that period; and
(d) if the feed does not meet the requirements of the regulations, it will be brought into compliance with the regulations within that period.
Cancellation
(5) An inspector may cancel the notice if he or she is satisfied that
(a) harm to human or animal health or the environment is unlikely to result;
(b) the feed has not been sold within the period referred to in subsection (6);
(c) the measures referred to in paragraph (4)(c) were taken within that period; and
(d) if the feed did not meet the requirements of the regulations when it was imported, it was brought into compliance with the regulations within that period.
Period
(6) The period for the purposes of subsection (5) is
(a) if the application of subsection (3) was suspended under subsection (4), the period of the suspension; and
(b) if the application of subsection (3) was not suspended, the period specified in the notice or, if no period was specified, the period that ends 90 days after the day on which the notice was delivered or sent.
Non-application of Statutory Instruments Act
(7) The Statutory Instruments Act does not apply in respect of the notice.
ANALYSIS
Analysis and examination
9.2 An inspector may submit to an analyst, for analysis or examination,
(a) any sample taken by an inspector, or provided to the Minister or an inspector, under this Act; or
(b) anything removed under paragraph 7(1)(e), any article seized under subsection 9(1) or any sample of that thing or article.
LIMITATION ON LIABILITY
Her Majesty not liable
9.3 If a person must, under this Act, do anything or permit an inspector to do anything, Her Majesty in right of Canada is not liable
(a) for any costs, loss or damage resulting from the compliance; or
(b) to pay any fee, including any rent or charge, for what is done or permitted to be done.
No liability
9.4 No person who exercises powers or performs duties or functions under this Act is liable in respect of anything done or omitted to be done in good faith in the exercise of those powers or the performance of those duties or functions.
1995, c. 40, s. 48
61. (1) The portion of subsection 10(1) of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Offences
10. (1) Every person who contravenes any provision of this Act or the regulations or fails to do anything that the person is ordered to do by an inspector under this Act is guilty of
1997, c. 6, s. 47(1)
(2) Subsections 10(2) to (5) of the Act are replaced by the following:
Parties to offence
(2) If a person other than an individual commits an offence under subsection (1), any of the person’s directors, officers or agents or mandataries who directs, authorizes, assents to or acquiesces or participates in the commission of the offence is a party to the offence and is liable on conviction to the punishment provided for by this Act, even if the person is not prosecuted for the offence.
Proof of offence
(3) In a prosecution for an offence under this Act, it is sufficient proof of the offence to establish that it was committed by an employee or an agent or mandatary of the accused, even if the employee or the agent or mandatary is not identified or prosecuted for the offence, unless the accused establishes that the offence was committed without the knowledge or consent of the accused and that the accused exercised all due diligence to prevent its commission.
Limitation period
(4) Summary conviction proceedings for an offence under this Act may be instituted no later than two years after the day on which the subject matter of the proceedings arises.
R.S., c. F-10
FERTILIZERS ACT
62. The long title of the Fertilizers Act is replaced by the following:
An Act respecting fertilizers and supplements
63. Section 2 of the Act is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:
“conveyance”« véhicule »
“conveyance” means a vessel, aircraft, train, motor vehicle, trailer or other means of transportation, including a cargo container;
“document”« document »
“document” means anything on which information that is capable of being understood by a person, or read by a computer or other device, is recorded or marked;
“environment”« environnement »
“environment” means the components of the Earth and includes 
(a) air, land and water,
(b) all layers of the atmosphere,
(c) all organic and inorganic matter and living organisms, and
(d) the interacting natural systems that include components referred to in paragraphs (a) to (c);
“establishment”« établissement »
“establishment” means any place, including a conveyance, where a fertilizer or supplement is manufactured, stored, packaged or labelled;
“item to which this Act applies”« chose visée par la présente loi »
“item to which this Act applies” means
(a) a fertilizer or supplement,
(b) anything used in an activity regulated under this Act, and
(c) a document that is related to a fertilizer or supplement or to any activity regulated under this Act;
64. (1) Paragraph 3(a) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(a) has, in accordance with the regulations, been approved by the Minister or registered;
(2) Paragraph 3(c) of the English version of the Act is replaced by the following:
(c) is packaged and labelled in accordance with the regulations.
65. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 3:
Fertilizers and supplements presenting risk of harm
3.1 No person shall manufacture, sell, import or export in contravention of the regulations any fertilizer or supplement that presents a risk of harm to human, animal or plant health or the environment.
Prescribed activity with licence or registration
3.2 No person shall conduct a prescribed activity in respect of a prescribed fertilizer or supplement that has been imported for sale — or that is to be exported or to be sent or conveyed from one province to another — unless the person is authorized to do so by a registration made under subsection 5.2(1), by a licence issued under that subsection or by both such a registration and licence, as provided for in the regulations.
Prescribed activity in registered establishment
3.3 No person shall conduct a prescribed activity in respect of a prescribed fertilizer or supplement that has been imported for sale — or that is to be exported or to be sent or conveyed from one province to another — unless the activity is conducted in an establishment registered under subsection 5.3(1) in accordance with the regulations.
Recall order — Canadian Food Inspection Agency Act
3.4 No person shall sell a fertilizer or supplement that is the subject of a recall order referred to in subsection 19(1) of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency Act.
66. (1) Paragraph 5(1)(a) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(a) respecting applications for registration or for approval of fertilizers or supplements and the information to be furnished with the applications;
(2) Paragraphs 5(1)(c) and (d) of the Act are replaced by the following:
(b.1) respecting the approval of fertilizers and supplements;
(c) respecting the duration and cancellation of the registration or approval of fertilizers and supplements;
(c.1) respecting the manufacturing, sale, importation or exportation of any fertilizer or supplement that presents a risk of harm to human, animal or plant health or the environment;
(c.2) respecting the sending or conveying from one province to another or the importation or exportation of any fertilizer or supplement;
(c.3) respecting the manufacturing or sale of any fertilizer or supplement that is to be exported or to be sent or conveyed from one province to another;
(c.4) respecting the sale of any fertilizer or supplement that has been imported;
(d) exempting, with or without conditions, any item to which this Act applies, or a person or activity in respect of a fertilizer or supplement, from the application of this Act or the regulations or a provision of this Act or the regulations;
(3) Subsection 5(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (f):
(f.1) respecting the evaluation of a fertilizer or supplement, including regulations respecting
(i) the provision of samples of the fertilizer or supplement,
(ii) the provision of information in respect of the fertilizer or supplement, including information that
(A) permits the fertilizer or supplement to be distinguished from other fertilizers or supplements, and
(B) is required for evaluating the potential impact of the fertilizer or supplement on, and the risk of harm posed by the fertilizer or supplement to, human, animal or plant health or the environment, and
(iii) the evaluation of the potential impact of the fertilizer or supplement on, and the risk of harm posed by the fertilizer or supplement to, human, animal or plant health or the environment;
(4) Subsection 5(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (g):
(g.1) requiring persons to take or keep samples of any fertilizer or supplement, or its package or label, and to provide the Minister or an inspector with, or with access to, those samples, and respecting the manner in which those samples are to be taken or kept and the manner in which they are to be provided or access to them is to be provided;
(5) Subsection 5(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (h):
(h.1) respecting
(i) the registration of persons or the issuing of licences to persons under section 5.2 or the registration of establishments under section 5.3,
(ii) the suspension, cancellation and renewal of those licences and registrations, and
(iii) the amendment of those licences and registrations or of any of the conditions to which they are subject by reason of subsection 5.2(3) or 5.3(4);
(h.2) respecting quality management programs, quality control programs, safety programs, preventive control plans or any other similar programs or plans to be implemented by persons who conduct any activity regulated under this Act;
(6) Subsection 5(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (j):
(j.1) requiring persons to prepare, keep or maintain documents and to provide the Minister or an inspector with, or with access to, those documents, and respecting
(i) the information in those documents,
(ii) the manner in which they are to be prepared, kept or maintained,
(iii) the place where they are to be kept or maintained, and
(iv) the manner in which they are to be provided or access to them is to be provided;
(j.2) respecting the issuance of certificates or other documents for the purpose of section 5.5;
(7) Section 5 of the Act is amended by adding the following after subsection (1):
Paragraphs (1)(c.1) and (c.2)
(1.1) Regulations made under paragraph (1)(c.1) or (c.2) may, among other things, establish preclearance or in-transit requirements for any imported fertilizer or supplement or anything imported with it.
Paragraph (1)(j.1)
(1.2) Regulations made under paragraph (1)(j.1) may, among other things, require persons who conduct any activity regulated under this Act and who become aware that a fertilizer or supplement presents a risk of harm to human, animal or plant health or the environment or does not meet the requirements of the regulations to provide written notice to that effect to the Minister or an inspector.
67. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 5:
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
Incorporation by reference
5.1 (1) A regulation made under subsection 5(1) may incorporate by reference any document, regardless of its source, either as it exists on a particular date or as it is amended from time to time.
Accessibility
(2) The Minister must ensure that any document that is incorporated by reference in a regulation made under subsection 5(1), including any amendments to the document, is accessible.
Defence
(3) A person is not liable to be found guilty of an offence or subjected to an administrative sanction for any contravention in respect of which a document that is incorporated by reference in a regulation made under subsection 5(1) is relevant unless, at the time of the alleged contravention, the document was accessible as required by subsection (2) or it was otherwise accessible to the person.
No registration or publication
(4) For greater certainty, a document that is incorporated by reference in a regulation made under subsection 5(1) is not required to be transmitted for registration or published in the Canada Gazette by reason only that it is incorporated by reference.
REGISTRATIONS AND LICENCES
Persons
5.2 (1) The Minister may, on application, register a person, or issue a licence to a person, authorizing them to conduct a prescribed activity in respect of a prescribed fertilizer or supplement that has been imported for sale — or that is to be exported or to be sent or conveyed from one province to another — or both register a person and issue them a licence.
Conditions — regulations
(2) The registration and the licence are subject to the prescribed conditions.
Conditions — Minister
(3) The Minister may make a registration or licence subject to any additional conditions that he or she considers appropriate.
Obligation to comply
(4) The holder of the registration or licence must comply with all the conditions to which the registration or licence is subject.
No transfer
(5) The registration or licence is not transferable.
Establishments
5.3 (1) The Minister may, on application, register an establishment as one where a prescribed activity may be conducted in respect of a prescribed fertilizer or supplement that has been imported for sale or that is to be exported or to be sent or conveyed from one province to another.
Holder
(2) The applicant in respect of an establishment is the holder of the registration.
Conditions — regulations
(3) The registration is subject to the prescribed conditions.
Conditions — Minister
(4) The Minister may make a registration subject to any additional conditions that he or she considers appropriate.
Obligation to comply
(5) The holder of the registration must comply with all the conditions to which the registration is subject.
No transfer
(6) The registration is not transferable.
Amendment, suspension, cancellation and renewal
5.4 Subject to the regulations, the Minister may amend, suspend, cancel or renew a registration made under subsection 5.2(1) or 5.3(1) or a licence issued under subsection 5.2(1).
GENERAL
Export certificates
5.5 The Minister may issue any certificate or other document setting out any information that he or she considers necessary to facilitate the export of any fertilizer or supplement.
Disposition of samples
5.6 A sample taken by an inspector, or provided to the Minister or an inspector, under this Act may be disposed of in any manner that the Minister considers appropriate.
Consideration of information
5.7 In considering an application made under the regulations in relation to a fertilizer or supplement, the Minister may consider information that is available from a review or evaluation of a fertilizer or supplement conducted by the government of a foreign state or of a subdivision of a foreign state or by an international organization, or association, of states.
R.S., c. 31 (1st Supp.), s. 9(1)
68. (1) The portion of subsection 7(1) of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Powers of inspectors
7. (1) Subject to subsection (1.1), an inspector may, for a purpose related to verifying compliance or preventing non-compliance with this Act,
(2) Subsection 7(1) of the Act is amended by striking out “and” at the end of paragraph (b), by adding “and” at the end of paragraph (c) and by adding the following after paragraph (c):
(d) remove anything from that place for the purpose of examination, conducting tests or taking samples.
(3) Section 7 of the Act is amended by adding the following after subsection (2):
Provision of documents, information or samples
(3) An inspector may, for a purpose related to verifying compliance or preventing non-compliance with this Act, order a person to provide, on the date, at the time and place and in the manner specified by the inspector, any document, information or sample specified by the inspector.
69. Subsection 9(2) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Release of seized article
(2) If an inspector is satisfied that the provisions of this Act and the regulations that apply with respect to an article seized under this Act have been complied with, the article must be released.
70. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 9:
Removal or destruction of unlawful imports
9.1 (1) An inspector who has reasonable grounds to believe that an imported fertilizer or supplement does not meet the requirements of the regulations or was imported in contravention of a provision of this Act or the regulations may, by notice, whether the fertilizer or supplement is seized or not, order its owner or importer or the person having possession, care or control of it to remove it from Canada or, if removal is not possible, to destroy it.
Notice
(2) The notice must either be delivered personally to the owner or importer of the fertilizer or supplement or to the person having possession, care or control of it or be sent by registered mail to the owner’s, importer’s or person’s address in Canada.
Forfeiture
(3) If the fertilizer or supplement is not removed from Canada or destroyed within the period specified in the notice — or, if no period was specified, within 90 days after the day on which the notice was delivered or sent — it is, despite subsection 9(2), forfeited to Her Majesty in right of Canada and may be disposed of as the Minister may direct.
Suspension of application of subsection (3)
(4) An inspector may, for a period that he or she specifies, suspend the application of subsection (3) if he or she is satisfied that
(a) harm to human, animal or plant health or the environment is unlikely to result;
(b) the fertilizer or supplement will not be sold within that period;
(c) the measures that should have been taken for the fertilizer or supplement not to have been imported in contravention of a provision of this Act or the regulations will be taken within that period; and
(d) if the fertilizer or supplement does not meet the requirements of the regulations, it will be brought into compliance with the regulations within that period.
Cancellation
(5) An inspector may cancel the notice if he or she is satisfied that
(a) harm to human, animal or plant health or the environment is unlikely to result;
(b) the fertilizer or supplement has not been sold within the period referred to in subsection (6);
(c) the measures referred to in paragraph (4)(c) were taken within that period; and
(d) if the fertilizer or supplement did not meet the requirements of the regulations when it was imported, it was brought into compliance with the regulations within that period.
Period
(6) The period for the purposes of subsection (5) is
(a) if the application of subsection (3) was suspended under subsection (4), the period of the suspension; and
(b) if the application of subsection (3) was not suspended, the period specified in the notice or, if no period was specified, the period that ends 90 days after the day on which the notice was delivered or sent.
Non-application of Statutory Instruments Act
(7) The Statutory Instruments Act does not apply in respect of the notice.
ANALYSIS
Analysis and examination
9.2 An inspector may submit to an analyst, for analysis or examination,
(a) any sample taken by an inspector, or provided to the Minister or an inspector, under this Act; or
(b) anything removed under paragraph 7(1)(d), any article seized under subsection 9(1) or any sample of that thing or article.
LIMITATION ON LIABILITY
Her Majesty not liable
9.3 If a person must, under this Act, do anything or permit an inspector to do anything, Her Majesty in right of Canada is not liable
(a) for any costs, loss or damage resulting from the compliance; or
(b) to pay any fee, including any rent or charge, for what is done or permitted to be done.
No liability
9.4 No person who exercises powers or performs duties or functions under this Act is liable in respect of anything done or omitted to be done in good faith in the exercise of those powers or the performance of those duties or functions.
1995, c. 40, s. 52
71. The portion of section 10 of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Offences
10. Every person who contravenes any provision of this Act or the regulations or fails to do anything that the person is ordered to do by an inspector under this Act is guilty of
1997, c. 6, s. 50(1)
72. Sections 10.1 and 11 of the Act are replaced by the following:
Parties to offence
10.1 If a person other than an individual commits an offence under section 10, any of the person’s directors, officers or agents or mandataries who directs, authorizes, assents to or acquiesces or participates in the commission of the offence is a party to the offence and is liable on conviction to the punishment provided for by this Act, even if the person is not prosecuted for the offence.
Proof of offence
11. In a prosecution for an offence under this Act, it is sufficient proof of the offence to establish that it was committed by an employee or an agent or mandatary of the accused, even if the employee or the agent or mandatary is not identified or prosecuted for the offence, unless the accused establishes that the offence was committed without the knowledge or consent of the accused and that the accused exercised all due diligence to prevent its commission.
Limitation period
11.1 Summary conviction proceedings for an offence under this Act may be instituted no later than two years after the day on which the subject matter of the proceedings arises.
R.S., c. S-8
SEEDS ACT
R.S., c. 49 (1st Supp.), s. 1
73. The long title of the Seeds Act is replaced by the following:
An Act respecting seeds
R.S., c. 49 (1st Supp.), s. 2(3)
74. (1) The definition “grade” in section 2 of the Act is replaced by the following:
“grade”« catégorie »
“grade”, in respect of seed, includes any class of seed;
(2) Section 2 of the Act is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:
“document”« document »
“document” means anything on which information that is capable of being understood by a person, or read by a computer or other device, is recorded or marked;
“environment”« environnement »
“environment” means the components of the Earth and includes 
(a) air, land and water,
(b) all layers of the atmosphere,
(c) all organic and inorganic matter and living organisms, and
(d) the interacting natural systems that include components referred to in paragraphs (a) to (c);
“item to which this Act applies”« chose visée par la présente loi »
“item to which this Act applies” means
(a) seed,
(b) anything used in an activity regulated under this Act, and
(c) a document that is related to seed or to any activity regulated under this Act;
75. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 3:
Seed presenting risk of harm
3.1 No person shall sell, import or export in contravention of the regulations any seed that presents a risk of harm to human, animal or plant health or the environment.
Recall order — Canadian Food Inspection Agency Act
3.2 No person shall sell seed that is the subject of a recall order referred to in subsection 19(1) of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency Act.
R.S., c. 49, (1st Supp.), s. 4(1)
76. (1) Paragraph 4(1)(a.1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(a.1) providing, with respect to grades requiring varietal purity, for the determination of varietal purity of seed crops and, in particular, for any such determination to be made by the Canadian Seed Growers’ Association and any standards established by that Association to be used;
(a.2) respecting the sale, importation or exportation of any seed that presents a risk of harm to human, animal or plant health or the environment;
(a.3) respecting the sending or conveying from one province to another or the importation or exportation of any seed;
(a.4) respecting the sale of any seed that has been imported or is to be exported or to be sent or conveyed from one province to another;
(2) Paragraph 4(1)(f) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(f) exempting, with or without conditions, any item to which this Act applies, or a person or activity in respect of seed, from the application of this Act or the regulations or a provision of this Act or the regulations;
(3) Subsection 4(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (g):
(g.1) requiring persons to take or keep samples of any seed, or its package or label, and to provide the Minister or an inspector with, or with access to, those samples, and respecting the manner in which those samples are to be taken or kept and the manner in which they are to be provided or access to them is to be provided;
2012, c. 19, s. 473(2)
(4) Paragraph 4(1)(j.1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(j.1) requiring persons to prepare, keep or maintain documents and to provide the Minister or an inspector with, or with access to, those documents, and respecting
(i) the information in those documents,
(ii) the manner in which they are to be prepared, kept or maintained,
(iii) the place where they are to be kept or maintained, and
(iv) the manner in which they are to be provided or access to them is to be provided;
(j.2) respecting the issuance of certificates or other documents for the purpose of section 4.11;
(j.3) respecting quality management programs, quality control programs, safety programs, preventive control plans or any other similar programs or plans to be implemented by persons who conduct any activity regulated under this Act;
R.S., c. 49 (1st Supp.), s. 4(4)
(5) Subsection 4(2) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Weed seeds
(2) The Minister may, by order, specify the kinds of plants whose seeds are, for the purposes of this Act, weed seeds.
Paragraphs (1)(a.2) and (a.3)
(3) Regulations made under paragraph (1)(a.2) or (a.3) may, among other things, establish preclearance or in-transit requirements for any imported seed or anything imported with it.
Paragraph (1)(j.1)
(4) Regulations made under paragraph (1)(j.1) may, among other things, require persons who conduct any activity regulated under this Act and who become aware that seed presents a risk of harm to human, animal or plant health or the environment or does not meet the requirements of the regulations to provide written notice to that effect to the Minister or an inspector.
77. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 4:
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
Incorporation by reference
4.1 (1) A regulation made under subsection 4(1) may incorporate by reference any document, regardless of its source, either as it exists on a particular date or as it is amended from time to time.
Accessibility
(2) The Minister must ensure that any document that is incorporated by reference in a regulation made under subsection 4(1), including any amendments to the document, is accessible.
Defence
(3) A person is not liable to be found guilty of an offence or subjected to an administrative sanction for any contravention in respect of which a document that is incorporated by reference in a regulation made under subsection 4(1) is relevant unless, at the time of the alleged contravention, the document was accessible as required by subsection (2) or it was otherwise accessible to the person.
No registration or publication
(4) For greater certainty, a document that is incorporated by reference in a regulation made under subsection 4(1) is not required to be transmitted for registration or published in the Canada Gazette by reason only that it is incorporated by reference.
GENERAL
Export certificates
4.11 The Minister may issue any certificate or other document setting out any information that he or she considers necessary to facilitate the export of any seed.
Disposition of samples
4.12 A sample taken by an inspector, or provided to the Minister or an inspector, under this Act may be disposed of in any manner that the Minister considers appropriate.
Consideration of information
4.13 In considering an application made under the regulations in relation to seed, the Minister may consider information that is available from a review or evaluation of seed conducted by the government of a foreign state or of a subdivision of a foreign state or by an international organization, or association, of states.
1997, c. 6, s. 88
78. Subsection 5(1) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Désignations
5. (1) Le président de l’Agence canadienne d’inspection des aliments peut, en vertu de l’article 13 de la Loi sur l’Agence canadienne d’inspection des aliments, désigner des inspecteurs et analystes pour l’application de la présente loi.
R.S., c. 31 (1st Supp.), s. 21(1)
79. (1) The portion of subsection 6(1) of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Powers of inspectors
6. (1) Subject to subsection (1.1), an inspector may, for a purpose related to verifying compliance or preventing non-compliance with this Act,
(2) Subsection 6(1) of the Act is amended by striking out “and” at the end of paragraph (c), by adding “and” at the end of paragraph (d) and by adding the following after paragraph (d):
(e) remove anything from that place for the purpose of examination, conducting tests or taking samples.
(3) Section 6 of the Act is amended by adding the following after subsection (2):
Provision of documents, information or samples
(3) An inspector may, for a purpose related to verifying compliance or preventing non-compliance with this Act, order a person to provide, on the date, at the time and place and in the manner specified by the inspector, any document, information or sample specified by the inspector.
80. Subsection 8(2) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Release of seized seed or package
(2) If an inspector is satisfied that the provisions of this Act and the regulations that apply with respect to any seed or package seized under this Act have been complied with, the seed or package must be released.
81. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 8:
Removal or destruction of unlawful imports
8.1 (1) An inspector who has reasonable grounds to believe that imported seed does not meet the requirements of the regulations or was imported in contravention of a provision of this Act or the regulations may, by notice, whether the seed is seized or not, order its owner or importer or the person having possession, care or control of it to remove it from Canada or, if removal is not possible, to destroy it.
Notice
(2) The notice must either be delivered personally to the owner or importer of the seed or to the person having possession, care or control of it or be sent by registered mail to the owner’s, importer’s or person’s address in Canada.
Forfeiture
(3) If the seed is not removed from Canada or destroyed within the period specified in the notice — or, if no period was specified, within 90 days after the day on which the notice was delivered or sent — it is, despite subsection 8(2), forfeited to Her Majesty in right of Canada and may be disposed of as the Minister may direct.
Suspension of application of subsection (3)
(4) An inspector may, for a period that he or she specifies, suspend the application of subsection (3) if he or she is satisfied that
(a) harm to human, animal or plant health or the environment is unlikely to result;
(b) the seed will not be sold within that period;
(c) the measures that should have been taken for the seed not to have been imported in contravention of a provision of this Act or the regulations will be taken within that period; and
(d) if the seed does not meet the requirements of the regulations, it will be brought into compliance with the regulations within that period.
Cancellation
(5) An inspector may cancel the notice if he or she is satisfied that
(a) harm to human, animal or plant health or the environment is unlikely to result;
(b) the seed has not been sold within the period referred to in subsection (6);
(c) the measures referred to in paragraph (4)(c) were taken within that period; and
(d) if the seed did not meet the requirements of the regulations when it was imported, it was brought into compliance with the regulations within that period.
Period
(6) The period for the purposes of subsection (5) is
(a) if the application of subsection (3) was suspended under subsection (4), the period of the suspension; and
(b) if the application of subsection (3) was not suspended, the period specified in the notice or, if no period was specified, the period that ends 90 days after the day on which the notice was delivered or sent.
Non-application of Statutory Instruments Act
(7) The Statutory Instruments Act does not apply in respect of the notice.
ANALYSIS
Analysis and examination
8.2 An inspector may submit to an analyst, for analysis or examination,
(a) any sample taken by an inspector, or provided to the Minister or an inspector, under this Act; or
(b) anything removed under paragraph 6(1)(e), any seed or package seized under subsection 8(1) or any sample of that thing, seed or package.
LIMITATION ON LIABILITY
Her Majesty not liable
8.3 If a person must, under this Act, do anything or permit an inspector to do anything, Her Majesty in right of Canada is not liable
(a) for any costs, loss or damage resulting from the compliance; or
(b) to pay any fee, including any rent or charge, for what is done or permitted to be done.
No liability
8.4 No person who exercises powers or performs duties or functions under this Act is liable in respect of anything done or omitted to be done in good faith in the exercise of those powers or the performance of those duties or functions.
1995, c. 40, s. 88
82. (1) The portion of subsection 9(1) of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Offences
9. (1) Every person who contravenes any provision of this Act or the regulations or fails to do anything that the person is ordered to do by an inspector under this Act is guilty of
R.S., c. 49 (1st Supp.), s. 5; 1995, c. 40, s. 88
(2) Subsections 9(2) to (5) of the Act are replaced by the following:
Parties to offence
(2) If a person other than an individual commits an offence under subsection (1), any of the person’s directors, officers or agents or mandataries who directs, authorizes, assents to or acquiesces or participates in the commission of the offence is a party to the offence and is liable on conviction to the punishment provided for by this Act, even if the person is not prosecuted for the offence.
Proof of offence
(3) In a prosecution for an offence under this Act, it is sufficient proof of the offence to establish that it was committed by an employee or an agent or mandatary of the accused, even if the employee or the agent or mandatary is not identified or prosecuted for the offence, unless the accused establishes that the offence was committed without the knowledge or consent of the accused and that the accused exercised all due diligence to prevent its commission.
1997, c. 6, s. 89(1)
83. Section 10 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Limitation period
10. Summary conviction proceedings for an offence under this Act may be instituted no later than three years after the day on which the subject matter of the proceedings arises.
1990, c. 21
HEALTH OF ANIMALS ACT
84. (1) The definition “produit vétérinaire biologique” in subsection 2(1) of the French version of the Health of Animals Act is repealed.
(2) The definition “veterinary biologic” in subsection 2(1) of the English version of the Act is replaced by the following:
“veterinary biologic”« produit biologique vétérinaire »
“veterinary biologic” means a thing that is manufactured, sold or represented for use in restoring, correcting or modifying organic functions in animals or for use in the diagnosis, treatment, mitigation or prevention of a disease, disorder or abnormal physical state — or its symptoms — in animals and that is 
(a) a helminth, protozoa or micro-organism,
(b) a substance or mixture of substances derived from animals, helminths, protozoa, micro-organisms or plants, or
(c) a substance of synthetic origin;
(3) Subsection 2(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:
“document”« document »
“document” means anything on which information that is capable of being understood by a person, or read by a computer or other device, is recorded or marked;
(4) Subsection 2(1) of the French version of the Act is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:
« produit biologique vétérinaire »“veterinary biologic”
« produit biologique vétérinaire » Helminthe, protozoaire ou micro-organisme, substance ou mélange de substances tirées de ceux-ci, d’animaux ou de plantes ou substance d’origine synthétique fabriqués, vendus ou proposés pour utilisation dans le rétablissement, la correction ou la modification des fonctions organiques des animaux ou dans le diagnostic, le traitement, l’atténuation ou la prévention d’une maladie, d’un trouble ou d’un état physique anormal des animaux, ou de leurs symptômes.
85. Section 6 of the Act is repealed.
86. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 11:
Recall order — Canadian Food Inspection Agency Act
11.1 No person shall sell an animal or thing regulated under this Act that is the subject of a recall order referred to in subsection 19(1) of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency Act.
87. Section 12 of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Dépôt de cadavres dans l’eau
12. Il est interdit à toute personne de jeter ou déposer dans l’eau tout ou partie du cadavre d’un animal dont elle sait qu’il était contaminé par une maladie ou une substance toxique au moment de sa mort ou qu’il y avait été exposé avant celle-ci, ou qui a été abattu pour cette raison ou parce qu’on le soupçonnait d’avoir été ainsi contaminé ou exposé.
88. Subsection 16(1) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Présentation pour inspection
16. (1) La personne qui importe des animaux, des produits ou sous-produits de ceux-ci, des aliments pour animaux ou des produits biologiques vétérinaires, ainsi que toute autre chose soit se rapportant aux animaux, soit contaminée par une maladie ou une substance toxique, les présente, au plus tard à l’importation, à un inspecteur, à un agent d’exécution ou à un agent des douanes qui peut les examiner lui-même ou les retenir jusqu’à ce que l’inspecteur ou l’agent d’exécution s’en charge.
89. Sections 17 and 18 of the Act are replaced by the following:
Forfeiture of imports
17. Subject to section 18, if the Minister determines that an animal or thing has been imported — or an attempt has been made to import an animal or thing — in contravention of this Act or the regulations or that a requirement imposed by or under the regulations in respect of an imported animal or thing has not been met, it is forfeited to Her Majesty in right of Canada and may be disposed of as the Minister may direct.
Removal or destruction of unlawful imports
18. (1) An inspector or officer who has reasonable grounds to believe that an imported animal or thing has been imported in contravention of this Act or the regulations, is or could be affected or contaminated by a disease or toxic substance or is a vector or that a requirement imposed by or under the regulations in respect of an imported animal or thing has not been met may, by notice, whether the animal or thing is seized or not, order its owner or importer or the person having possession, care or control of it to remove it from Canada or, if removal is not possible, to dispose of it.
Notice
(2) The notice must either be delivered personally to the owner or importer of the animal or thing or to the person having possession, care or control of it or be sent by registered mail to the owner’s, importer’s or person’s address in Canada.
Forfeiture
(3) If the animal or thing is not removed from Canada, or disposed of, within the period specified in the notice — or, if no period was specified, within 90 days after the day on which the notice was delivered or sent — it is, despite subsection 45(1), forfeited to Her Majesty in right of Canada and may be disposed of as the Minister may direct.
Suspension of application of subsection (3)
(4) An inspector or officer may, for a period that he or she specifies, suspend the application of subsection (3) if he or she is satisfied that
(a) harm to human or animal health or, in the case of a veterinary biologic, to the environment is unlikely to result;
(b) the animal or thing will not be sold within that period;
(c) the measures that should have been taken for the animal or thing not to have been imported in contravention of a provision of this Act or the regulations will be taken within that period; and
(d) if the animal or thing does not meet the requirements of the regulations, it will be brought into compliance with the regulations within that period.
Cancellation
(5) An inspector or officer may cancel the notice if he or she is satisfied that
(a) harm to human or animal health or, in the case of a veterinary biologic, to the environment is unlikely to result;
(b) the animal or thing has not been sold within the period referred to in subsection (6);
(c) the measures referred to in paragraph (4)(c) were taken within that period; and
(d) if the animal or thing did not meet the requirements of the regulations when it was imported, it was brought into compliance with the regulations within that period.
Period
(6) The period for the purposes of subsection (5) is
(a) if the application of subsection (3) was suspended under subsection (4), the period of the suspension; and
(b) if the application of subsection (3) was not suspended, the period specified in the notice or, if no period was specified, the period that ends 90 days after the day on which the notice was delivered or sent.
Non-forfeiture
(7) Section 17 does not apply to the animal or thing that is required to be removed from Canada.
90. Section 36 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Provision of documents, information or samples
36. (1) An inspector or officer may, for the purpose of detecting diseases or toxic substances or for a purpose related to verifying compliance or preventing non-compliance with this Act, order a person to provide, on the date, at the time and place and in the manner specified by the inspector or officer, any document, information or sample specified by the inspector or officer.
Duty to provide document, information or sample
(2) A person who is ordered by an inspector or officer to provide a document, information or a sample has a duty to do so on the specified date, at the specified time and place and in the specified manner.
91. The portion of subsection 38(1) of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Inspection
38. (1) For the purpose of detecting diseases or toxic substances or for a purpose related to verifying compliance or preventing non-compliance with this Act, an inspector or officer may
92. (1) Subsection 45(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Release of seized animal or thing
45. (1) If an inspector or officer is satisfied that the provisions of this Act and the regulations that apply with respect to an animal or thing seized under this Act have been complied with, the animal or thing must be released.
1995, c. 40, s. 57
(2) Subsection 45(2) of the English version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Application for return
(2) If proceedings are instituted in relation to an animal or thing seized under this Act and it has not been disposed of or forfeited under this Act, the owner of the animal or thing or the person having the possession, care or control of it at the time of its seizure may apply for an order that it be returned. The application may be made, in the case of a violation, to the Tribunal or, in the case of an offence, to the court before which the proceedings are being held.
1995, c. 40, s. 59(1)
93. Subsection 47(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Disposal of forfeited animals and things
47. (1) If the Tribunal or the court, as the case may be, orders the forfeiture of an animal or thing under subsection 46(1), the animal or thing shall be disposed of as the Minister may direct.
94. Section 50 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Her Majesty not liable
50. If a person must, under this Act, do anything or permit an inspector or officer to do anything, Her Majesty in right of Canada is not liable
(a) for any costs, loss or damage resulting from the compliance; or
(b) to pay any fee, including any rent or charge, for what is done or permitted to be done.
No liability
50.1 No person who exercises powers or performs duties or functions under this Act is liable in respect of anything done or omitted to be done in good faith in the exercise of those powers or the performance of those duties or functions.
95. (1) Paragraph 64(1)(a) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
a) régir ou interdire l’importation, l’exportation et la possession d’animaux ou de choses, afin d’empêcher l’introduction de vecteurs, de maladies ou de substances toxiques soit au Canada, soit dans tout autre pays en provenance du Canada;
(2) Subsection 64(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (o):
(o.1) exempting, with or without conditions, any animal or thing, or a person or activity in respect of an animal or thing, from the application of this Act or the regulations or a provision of this Act or the regulations;
(3) Paragraph 64(1)(s) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(s) prohibiting or regulating the importation, exportation, preparation, manufacturing, preserving, packaging, labelling, storing, testing, transportation, sale, conditions of sale, advertising for sale, use and disposal of veterinary biologics and regulating their purity, potency, efficacy and safety;
(s.1) respecting quality management programs, quality control programs, safety programs, preventive control plans or any other similar programs or plans to be implemented by persons who conduct any activity regulated under this Act;
(4) Paragraph 64(1)(v) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(v) regulating the importation, exportation, preparation, manufacturing, preserving, packaging, labelling, storing, distribution, sale, conditions of sale and advertising for sale of products of animal deadyards, rendering plants and animal food factories;
(5) Subsection 64(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (w):
(w.1) requiring persons to take or keep samples from any animal or thing and to provide the Minister or an inspector or officer with, or with access to, those samples, and respecting the manner in which those samples are to be taken or kept and the manner in which they are to be provided or access to them is to be provided;
(6) Paragraph 64(1)(z.3) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(z.3) requiring persons to prepare, keep or maintain documents and to provide the Minister or an inspector or officer with, or with access to, those documents, and respecting
(i) the information in those documents,
(ii) the manner in which they are to be prepared, kept or maintained,
(iii) the place where they are to be kept or maintained, and
(iv) the manner in which they are to be provided or access to them is to be provided;
(7) Section 64 of the Act is amended by adding the following after subsection (1):
Paragraph (1)(a) — designation of disease
(1.1) Regulations made under paragraph (1)(a) may, among other things, authorize the Minister to designate, by notice, diseases for the purposes of those regulations.
Non-application of Statutory Instruments Act
(1.2) The Statutory Instruments Act does not apply in respect of a notice given by the Minister under a regulation made under paragraph (1)(a).
Paragraph (1)(a) — importation of animals or things
(1.3) Regulations made under paragraph (1)(a) that regulate the importation of animals or things may regulate those animals or things after their importation.
Paragraph (1)(z.3)
(1.4) Regulations made under paragraph (1)(z.3) may, among other things, require persons who conduct any activity regulated under this Act and who become aware that an animal by-product, an animal food, an animal product, a product of a rendering plant or a veterinary biologic presents a risk of harm to human or animal health or the environment or does not meet the requirements of the regulations to provide written notice to that effect to the Minister or an inspector or officer.
96. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 64:
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
Incorporation by reference
64.1 (1) A regulation made under section 64 may incorporate by reference any document, regardless of its source, either as it exists on a particular date or as it is amended from time to time.
Accessibility
(2) The Minister must ensure that any document that is incorporated by reference in a regulation made under section 64, including any amendments to the document, is accessible.
Defence
(3) A person is not liable to be found guilty of an offence or subjected to an administrative sanction for any contravention in respect of which a document that is incorporated by reference in a regulation made under section 64 is relevant unless, at the time of the alleged contravention, the document was accessible as required by subsection (2) or it was otherwise accessible to the person.
No registration or publication
(4) For greater certainty, a document that is incorporated by reference in a regulation made under section 64 is not required to be transmitted for registration or published in the Canada Gazette by reason only that it is incorporated by reference.
GENERAL
Consideration of information
64.2 In considering an application made under the regulations in relation to an animal or thing, the Minister may consider information that is available from a review or evaluation of an animal or thing conducted by the government of a foreign state or of a subdivision of a foreign state or by an international organization, or association, of states.
Non-application of Statutory Instruments Act
64.3 The Statutory Instruments Act does not apply in respect of a notice referred to in section 66.
97. Section 68 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Limitation period
68. Summary conviction proceedings for an offence under this Act may be instituted no later than two years after the day on which the subject matter of the proceedings arises.
98. Sections 71 and 72 of the Act are replaced by the following:
Parties to offence
71. If a person other than an individual commits an offence under this Act, any of the person’s directors, officers or agents or mandataries who directs, authorizes, assents to or acquiesces or participates in the commission of the offence is a party to the offence and is liable on conviction to the punishment provided for by this Act, even if the person is not prosecuted for the offence.
Proof of offence
72. In a prosecution for an offence under this Act, it is sufficient proof of the offence to establish that it was committed by an employee or an agent or mandatary of the accused, even if the employee or the agent or mandatary is not identified or prosecuted for the offence, unless the accused establishes that the offence was committed without the knowledge or consent of the accused and that the accused exercised all due diligence to prevent its commission.
1990, c. 22
PLANT PROTECTION ACT
1995, c. 40, s. 75
99. (1) The definitions “pest” and “violation” in section 3 of the Plant Protection Act are replaced by the following:
“pest”« parasite »
“pest” means any thing that is injurious or potentially injurious, whether directly or indi- rectly, to plants or to products or by-products of plants;
“violation”« violation »
“violation” means any of the following that may be proceeded with in accordance with the Agriculture and Agri-Food Administrative Monetary Penalties Act:
(a) any contravention of any provision of this Act or of a regulation made under this Act,
(b) any contravention of any order made by the Minister under this Act, and
(c) any refusal or neglect to perform any duty imposed by or under this Act.
(2) Section 3 of the Act is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:
“document”« document »
“document” means anything on which information that is capable of being understood by a person, or read by a computer or other device, is recorded or marked;
100. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 6:
Recall order — Canadian Food Inspection Agency Act
6.1 No person shall sell a thing regulated under this Act that is the subject of a recall order referred to in subsection 19(1) of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency Act.
101. Sections 7 and 8 of the Act are replaced by the following:
Prohibition
7. No person shall import or admit into Canada or export from Canada any thing that is a pest, that is or could be infested with a pest or that constitutes or could constitute a biological obstacle to the control of a pest, unless
(a) the person has produced to an inspector all permits, certificates and other documentation required by the regulations;
(b) the thing is or has been presented to an inspector — if required by the regulations or an inspector — in the manner and under the conditions specified by the inspector and at a place designated by the regulations or an inspector; and
(c) the thing is imported or exported in accordance with any other requirements of the regulations.
Removal or destruction of unlawful imports
8. (1) An inspector who has reasonable grounds to believe that an imported thing has been imported in contravention of a provision of this Act or the regulations, is a pest, is or could be infested with a pest or constitutes or could constitute a biological obstacle to the control of a pest or that a requirement imposed by or under the regulations in respect of an imported thing has not been met may, by notice, whether the thing is seized or not, order its owner or importer or the person having possession, care or control of it to remove it from Canada or, if removal is not possible, to destroy it.
Notice
(2) The notice must either be delivered personally to the owner or importer of the thing or to the person having possession, care or control of it or be sent by registered mail to the owner’s, importer’s or person’s address in Canada.
Forfeiture
(3) If the thing is not removed from Canada, or destroyed, within the period specified in the notice — or, if no period was specified, within 90 days after the day on which the notice was delivered or sent — it is, despite subsection 32(1), forfeited to Her Majesty in right of Canada and may be disposed of as the Minister may direct.
Suspension of application of subsection (3)
(4) An inspector may, for a period that he or she specifies, suspend the application of subsection (3) if he or she is satisfied that
(a) harm to human, animal or plant health or the environment is unlikely to result;
(b) the thing will not be sold within that period;
(c) the measures that should have been taken for the thing not to have been imported in contravention of a provision of this Act or the regulations will be taken within that period; and
(d) if the thing does not meet the requirements of the regulations, it will be brought into compliance with the regulations within that period.
Cancellation
(5) An inspector may cancel the notice if he or she is satisfied that
(a) harm to human, animal or plant health or the environment is unlikely to result;
(b) the thing has not been sold within the period referred to in subsection (6);
(c) the measures referred to in paragraph (4)(c) were taken within that period; and
(d) if the thing did not meet the requirements of the regulations when it was imported, it was brought into compliance with the regulations within that period.
Period
(6) The period for the purposes of subsection (5) is
(a) if the application of subsection (3) was suspended under subsection (4), the period of the suspension; and
(b) if the application of subsection (3) was not suspended, the period specified in the notice or, if no period was specified, the period that ends 90 days after the day on which the notice was delivered or sent.
102. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 23:
Provision of documents, information or samples
23.1 (1) An inspector may, for the purpose of detecting pests or for a purpose related to verifying compliance or preventing non-compliance with this Act, order a person to provide, on the date, at the time and place and in the manner specified by the inspector, any document, information or sample specified by the inspector.
Duty to provide document, information or sample
(2) A person who is ordered by an inspector to provide a document, information or a sample has a duty to do so on the specified date, at the specified time and place and in the specified manner.
103. (1) The portion of subsection 25(1) of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Inspection
25. (1) For the purpose of detecting pests or for a purpose related to verifying compliance or preventing non-compliance with this Act, an inspector may
(2) Paragraph 25(2)(b) of the English version of the Act is replaced by the following:
(b) reproduce any document or cause it to be reproduced from the data in the form of a printout or other intelligible output and take the printout or other output for examination or copying; and
104. (1) Subsection 32(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Release of seized thing
32. (1) If an inspector is satisfied that the provisions of this Act and the regulations that apply with respect to a thing seized under this Act have been complied with, the thing must be released.
1995, c. 40, s. 78
(2) Subsection 32(2) of the English version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Application for return
(2) If proceedings are instituted in relation to a thing seized under this Act and it has not been disposed of or forfeited under this Act, the owner of the thing or the person having the possession, care or control of it at the time of its seizure may apply for an order that it be returned. The application may be made, in the case of a violation, to the Tribunal or, in the case of an offence, to the court before which the proceedings are being held.
1995, c. 40, s. 80(1)
105. Subsection 34(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Disposal of forfeited things
34. (1) If the Tribunal or the court, as the case may be, orders the forfeiture of a thing under subsection 33(1), the thing shall be disposed of as the Minister may direct.
106. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 36:
PROHIBITIONS RESPECTING DOCUMENTS
Altering, destroying or falsifying required documents
36.1 (1) No person shall alter, destroy or falsify a document that they are required under this Act to keep, maintain or provide.
Altering, possessing, etc., official documents
(2) No person shall
(a) alter a document issued or made — or in any manner given — under this Act;
(b) have in their possession or use a document issued or made — or in any manner given — under this Act that has been altered; or
(c) use any document issued or made — or in any manner given — under this Act for a purpose or in respect of a thing, other than the purpose or thing for which the document was issued, made or given.
Possessing or using documents that resemble official documents
36.2 No person shall have in their possession or use any document that has not been issued or made — or in any manner given — under this Act if it so closely resembles a document that has been so issued, made or given that it is likely to be mistaken for it.
PROHIBITIONS RESPECTING MARKING AND IDENTIFICATION
Altering, destroying or falsifying mark, label, tag or seal
36.3 (1) No person shall alter, destroy or falsify a mark, label, tag or seal required under this Act.
Possessing or using mark, label, tag or seal
(2) No person shall
(a) have in their possession or use a mark, label, tag or seal required under this Act that has been altered or falsified; or
(b) use a mark, label, tag or seal required under this Act for a purpose or in respect of a thing, other than a purpose or a thing provided for in the regulations.
Possessing or using misleading mark, label, tag, seal or device
36.4 No person shall have in their possession or use
(a) any mark, label, tag or seal that so closely resembles one required under this Act that it is likely to be mistaken for it; or
(b) any device that is designed or adapted to create a mark that so closely resembles a mark required under this Act that it is likely to be mistaken for it.
107. Section 38 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Her Majesty not liable
38. If a person must, under this Act, do anything or permit an inspector to do anything, Her Majesty in right of Canada is not liable
(a) for any costs, loss or damage resulting from the compliance; or
(b) to pay any fee, including any rent or charge, for what is done or permitted to be done.
No liability
38.1 No person who exercises powers or performs duties or functions under this Act is liable in respect of anything done or omitted to be done in good faith in the exercise of those powers or the performance of those duties or functions.
108. (1) Paragraph 47(a) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(a) prohibiting or regulating the carrying out of any activity in respect of pests and of other things that are or could be infested with pests or that constitute or could constitute biological obstacles to the control of pests, including their importation and admission into Canada, their exportation from Canada and their movement within Canada;
(a.1) for the purposes of paragraph 7(b),
(i) respecting the circumstances in which a thing must be presented to an inspector, and
(ii) imposing conditions on an inspector’s authority to require that a thing be presented;
(2) Section 47 of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (b):
(b.1) respecting authorizations provided for in section 47.2, including the conditions to which they may be subject and their amendment, suspension or revocation;
(3) Paragraph 47(r) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(r) requiring documents to be furnished by inspectors;
(r.1) requiring persons to prepare, keep or maintain documents and to provide the Minister or an inspector with, or with access to, those documents, and respecting
(i) the information in those documents,
(ii) the manner in which they are to be prepared, kept or maintained,
(iii) the place where they are to be kept or maintained, and
(iv) the manner in which they are to be provided or access to them is to be provided;
(r.2) requiring persons to take or keep samples of any thing and to provide the Minister or an inspector with, or with access to, those samples, and respecting the manner in which those samples are to be taken or kept and the manner in which they are to be provided or access to them is to be provided;
(4) Section 47 of the Act is amended by adding “and’’ at the end of paragraph (s) and by adding the following after that paragraph:
(t) exempting, with or without conditions, any thing, or a person or activity in respect of a thing, from the application of this Act or the regulations or a provision of this Act or the regulations.
(5) Section 47 of the Act is renumbered as subsection 47(1) and is amended by adding the following:
Paragraph (1)(a) — importation
(2) Regulations made under paragraph (1)(a) may, among other things, establish preclearance or in-transit requirements for any imported thing or anything imported with it.
Paragraph (1)(a) — prohibiting or restricting activities
(3) Regulations made under paragraph (1)(a) may, among other things, authorize the Minister or an inspector to prohibit or restrict the carrying out of any activity in respect of a thing if the Minister or inspector has reasonable grounds to believe that the thing is a pest, is infested with a pest or constitutes a biological obstacle to the control of a pest, and prescribe conditions for the exercise of the authority.
Paragraph (1)(i)
(4) Regulations made under paragraph (1)(i) may, among other things, authorize the Minister or an inspector to prohibit or restrict the use of a place or a thing if the Minister or inspector has reasonable grounds to believe that the place is infested with a pest or that the thing is a pest, is infested with a pest or constitutes a biological obstacle to the control of a pest, and prescribe conditions for the exercise of the authority.
Paragraph (1)(r.1)
(5) Regulations made under paragraph (1)(r.1) may, among other things, require persons who conduct any activity regulated under this Act and who become aware that a thing that is a pest, that is or could be infested with a pest or that constitutes or could constitute a biological obstacle to the control of a pest presents a risk of harm to human, animal or plant health or the environment or does not meet the requirements of the regulations to provide written notice to that effect to the Minister or an inspector.
109. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 47:
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
Incorporation by reference
47.1 (1) A regulation made under subsection 47(1) may incorporate by reference any document, regardless of its source, either as it exists on a particular date or as it is amended from time to time.
Accessibility
(2) The Minister must ensure that any document that is incorporated by reference in a regulation made under subsection 47(1), including any amendments to the document, is accessible.
Defence
(3) A person is not liable to be found guilty of an offence or subjected to an administrative sanction for any contravention in respect of which a document that is incorporated by reference in a regulation made under subsection 47(1) is relevant unless, at the time of the alleged contravention, the document was accessible as required by subsection (2) or it was otherwise accessible to the person.
No registration or publication
(4) For greater certainty, a document that is incorporated by reference in a regulation made under subsection 47(1) is not required to be transmitted for registration or published in the Canada Gazette by reason only that it is incorporated by reference.
AUTHORIZATIONS
Authorizations
47.2 (1) The President of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency may, subject to the regulations, authorize any person to perform any activity that he or she specifies, subject to any conditions that he or she considers appropriate, if the activity is related to ensuring that a thing is not a pest, is not or could not be infested with a pest or does not or could not constitute a biological obstacle to the control of a pest.
Not transferable
(2) The authorization is not transferable.
Amendment, suspension and revocation
(3) The President may, subject to the regulations, amend, suspend or revoke the authorization.
GENERAL
Non-application of Statutory Instruments Act
47.3 The Statutory Instruments Act does not apply in respect of a notice referred to in section 49.
110. The portion of subsection 48(1) of the French version of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Infraction
48. (1) Quiconque contrevient aux dispositions de la présente loi — à l’exception de l’article 9 — ou des règlements ou refuse ou néglige d’accomplir une obligation imposée sous le régime de la présente loi commet une infraction et encourt, sur déclaration de cul­pabilité :
111. Section 51 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Limitation period or prescription
51. Summary conviction proceedings for an offence under this Act may be instituted no later than two years after the day on which the subject matter of the proceedings arises.
112. Sections 54 and 55 of the Act are replaced by the following:
Parties to offence
54. If a person other than an individual commits an offence under this Act, any of the person’s directors, officers or agents or mandataries who directs, authorizes, assents to or acquiesces or participates in the commission of the offence is a party to the offence and is liable on conviction to the punishment provided for by this Act, even if the person is not prosecuted for the offence.
Proof of offence
55. In a prosecution for an offence under this Act, it is sufficient proof of the offence to establish that it was committed by an employee or an agent or mandatary of the accused, even if the employee or the agent or mandatary is not identified or prosecuted for the offence, unless the accused establishes that the offence was committed without the knowledge or consent of the accused and that the accused exercised all due diligence to prevent its commission.
1995, c. 40
AGRICULTURE AND AGRI-FOOD ADMINISTRATIVE MONETARY PENALTIES ACT
2002, c. 28, s. 82
113. The definition “Minister” in section 2 of the Agriculture and Agri-Food Administrative Monetary Penalties Act is replaced by the following:
“Minister”« ministre »
“Minister” means the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food, except that 
(a) it means the Minister of Health in relation to a violation involving a contravention of
(i) the Pest Control Products Act, or
(ii) a provision relating to food safety of an agri-food Act or of a regulation made under such an Act, and
(b) it means the Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness in relation to a notice of violation issued in respect of the contravention of program legislation referred to in subsection 11(5) of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency Act;
114. (1) Subsection 4(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (b):
(b.1) establishing, in respect of each violation, a short-form description to be used in notices of violation;
(2) Paragraph 4(2)(b) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(b) in any other case, $5,000 for a minor violation, $15,000 for a serious violation and $25,000 for a very serious violation.
115. Section 6 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Power of Minister — notices of violation
6. The Minister may designate persons, or classes of persons, who are authorized to issue notices of violation.
116. The portion of subsection 7(2) of the English version of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Issuance of notice of violation
(2) If a person designated under section 6 has reasonable grounds to believe that a person has committed a violation, the designated person may issue, and shall cause to be served on the person, a notice of violation that names the person, identifies the violation and
117. Subsection 11(3) of the English version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Deeming
(3) If a person does not, in the prescribed time and manner, either pay the amount referred to in paragraph (1)(a) or request a review under paragraph (1)(b), the person is deemed to have committed the violation identified in the notice of violation.
118. Subsection 15(2) of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Prescription
(2) Le recouvrement de la créance se prescrit par cinq ans à compter de la date à laquelle elle est devenue exigible.
119. Section 26 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Limitation period
26. No proceedings in respect of a violation may be commenced later than
(a) six months after the day on which the subject matter of the proceedings arises, in the case of a minor violation; or
(b) two years after the day on which the subject matter of the proceedings arises, in the case of a serious violation or a very serious violation.
1997, c. 20
AGRICULTURAL MARKETING PROGRAMS ACT
2011, c. 25, s. 16(2)
120. (1) Paragraph (b) of the definition “administrator” in subsection 2(1) of the Agricultural Marketing Programs Act is replaced by the following:
(b) an organization, other than a lender, that the Minister, taking into account any criteria prescribed by regulation, determines to be an organization that represents producers who produce, in an area, a significant portion of an agricultural product to which Part I applies; or
2006, c. 3, s. 1(3)
(2) Paragraph (b) of the definition “producer” in subsection 2(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(b) a corporation that is controlled by one or more of the persons or entities referred to in paragraphs (a), (c) and (d);
2006, c. 3, s. 1(3)
(3) The portion of the definition “produc- er” in subsection 2(1) of the Act after para- graph (d) is repealed.
(4) Subsection 2(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:
“program year”« année de programme »
“program year”, in respect of an advance, means the period that is specified in the advance guarantee agreement and the repayment agreement that relates to the advance.
(5) Section 2 of the Act is amended by adding the following after subsection (1):
Interpretation
(2) For the purpose of paragraph (b) of the definition “producer” in subsection (1), a corporation is controlled by a person or entity if the corporation is controlled in any manner that results in control in fact, whether directly through the ownership of voting shares or indirectly through a trustee or other person who administers the property of another, a legal representative, an agent or mandatary or other intermediary acting as nominee or otherwise, a trust, a contract, the ownership of a corporation or otherwise.
2000, c. 12, s. 2
121. Subsections 3(2) and (3) of the Act are replaced by the following:
Presumption
(2) In the absence of proof to the contrary, a producer is presumed to be related to another producer in any of the following circumstances:
(a) the producer controls, directly or indi- rectly in any manner, the other producer;
(b) the producer is controlled, directly or indirectly in any manner, by the same person or group of persons as the other producer;
(c) the producer carries on a farming operation in partnership with the other producer;
(d) the producer shares any management services, administrative services, equipment, facilities or overhead expenses of a farming operation with the other producer, but is not in partnership with that other producer;
(e) any other circumstances set out in the regulations.
Definition of “group of persons”
(3) For the purposes of subsection (2), “group of persons” means a producer that is a partnership, cooperative or other association of persons.
122. The heading of Part I of the French version of the Act is replaced by the following:
PROGRAMME DE PAIEMENTS ANTICIPÉS
2006, c. 3, s. 2
123. Subsections 4.1(2) and (3) of the Act are replaced by the following:
Breeding animals
(2) Subject to any regulations made under paragraph (3)(b), animals that are or were used as breeding animals are not agricultural prod- ucts that are subject to this Part.
Regulations
(3) The Governor in Council may make regulations
(a) designating any agricultural product as being subject to this Part; and
(b) designating any breeding animals or classes of breeding animals as being subject to this Part and respecting any conditions related to that designation.
2006, c. 3, s. 3(3)
124. (1) The portion of paragraph 5(3)(e) of the Act before subparagraph (iii) is replaced by the following:
(e) to take steps, in accordance with the advance guarantee agreement, to ensure that, before an advance is made
(i) in the case of an agricultural product that is storable,
(A) it is of marketable quality and stored so as to remain of marketable quality until disposed of in accordance with the repayment agreement, or
(B) if it is in the course of being produced or is not yet produced, either the amount of the advance is covered by a program listed in the schedule and the amounts that may be received under that program are assignable or the amount of the advance is covered by the security referred to in section 12,
(ii) in the case of an agricultural product that is not storable,
(A) it is of marketable quality and maintained so as to remain of marketable quality until disposed of in accord- ance with the repayment agreement and either the amount of the advance is covered by a program listed in the schedule and the amounts that may be received under that program are assignable or the amount of the advance is covered by the security referred to in section 12, or
(B) if it is in the course of being produced or is not yet produced, either the amount of the advance is covered by a program listed in the schedule and the amounts that may be received under that program are assignable or the amount of the advance is covered by the security referred to in section 12, and
(2) Paragraph 5(3)(g) of the Act is repealed.
(3) Paragraph 5(3)(h) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(h) to pay to the Minister any additional interest resulting from its failure to make payments required by paragraph (f);
(4) Paragraph 5(3)(i) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(h.1) after the administrator receives the payment of interest referred to in subparagraph 10(2)(a)(v), to pay to the Minister, within the period specified in the advance guarantee agreement, any interest paid by the Minister under subsection 9(1) on the amount of an advance that is repaid by a producer to the administrator without proof that the agricultural product has been sold;
(i) to pay to the Minister, within the period specified in the advance guarantee agreement, the amount repaid to the administrator under a repayment agreement by a defaulting producer if the Minister has previously made a payment for the producer under subsection 23(1) or (1.1); and
(j) to assign, on the Minister’s request and within any period that the Minister specifies, its rights and obligations under the advance guarantee agreement to any entity that the Minister specifies, if the administrator has not met all of its obligations under the agreement and the Minister has sent a notice to the administrator stating that the administrator has had, in the Minister’s opinion, adequate opportunity to meet the obligations, and requesting the administrator to meet them.
2008, c. 7, s. 2(2)
(5) Subsection 5(3.01) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Specific terms and conditions
(3.01) An advance guarantee agreement may include any of the following terms and conditions governing advances and their repayment:
(a) the administrator must agree to make advances to producers solely in the areas specified in the agreement;
(b) the administrator must agree to make advances to producers solely in relation to the agricultural product specified in the agreement;
(c) the producer must agree to inform the administrator of the producer’s participation in any program listed in the schedule; and
(d) the producer must agree to assign, if in default, any amounts payable to the producer under a program listed in the schedule to
(i) the administrator, to the extent of the producer’s liability under section 22, and
(ii) the Minister, to the extent of the producer’s liability under section 23.
Designation by Minister
(3.02) The Minister may designate, in the advance guarantee agreement with the administrator, agricultural products or classes of agricultural products with respect to which an amount of an advance may be repaid, without proof that the agricultural product has been sold, before the expiry of the production period for which the advance was made.
2006, c. 3, s. 3(4)
(6) Subsection 5(3.1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Exception
(3.1) The terms described in paragraphs (3)(c) and (f) — and in paragraph (3)(h) in relation to payments required by paragraph (3)(f) — are not required if the Minister and an administrator are the only parties to the agreement.
(7) Subsection 5(4) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Recovery of costs
(4) The administrator may, subject to any terms and conditions of the advance guarantee agreement, charge fees to producers for the purpose of recovering any costs under this Part, including costs related to the recovery of outstanding amounts from producers who are in default under a repayment agreement and costs of receiving and dealing with applications for advances, administering advances and any other administrative services.
2006, c. 3, s. 3(5)
(8) Subsection 5(6) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Amounts withheld from advance
(6) The administrator may, with the Minister’s approval, withhold amounts from an advance made to a producer for a purpose authorized under the advance guarantee agreement.
2008, c. 7, s. 3
125. Subsection 5.1(2) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Provisions do not apply
(2) Paragraph 5(3)(i), section 23 and, unless the agreement specifies otherwise, the following provisions do not apply to an advance guarantee agreement that the Minister enters into without making the guarantee referred to in paragraph 5(1)(a):
(a) paragraphs 5(3)(c), (e), (f) and (h);
(b) paragraphs 10(1)(g) and (h); 
(c) paragraphs 10(2)(b) and (c); and
(d) paragraph 19(1)(c).
2008, c. 7, s. 4
126. (1) Paragraphs 7(4)(a) to (e) of the Act are replaced by the following:
(a) paragraph 5(3)(e);
(b) subsection 5(3.01);
(c) paragraphs 10(1)(g) and (h);
(d) paragraphs 10(2)(b) to (c); and
(e) paragraph 19(1)(c) and subsection 19(3).
2008, c. 7, s. 4
(2) Subsection 7(5) of the Act is repealed.
2006, c. 3, s. 5
127. (1) Subsection 9(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Payment of interest
9. (1) The Minister must, in relation to each producer, pay to the lender specified in an advance guarantee agreement — or, if the agreement was made only with an administrator, to the administrator — the interest accruing on the amounts borrowed by the administrator to pay the first $100,000 — or the amount fixed by regulation — of the total of the following amounts:
(a) the amounts of advances received by the producer during the program year for all of their agricultural products, including amounts under any other advance guarantee agreements, and
(b) the amounts of advances that are received by or attributed to all related producers during the program year for all of their agricultural products, including amounts under any other advance guarantee agreements, and that are attributable to the producer under subsection (2).
(2) Subsection 9(2) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Attribution
(2) If a producer is related to another producer, the amounts received by, or attributed to, the other producer are attributable to the producer in accordance with the percentage or method of calculation set out in the regulations.
2006, c. 3, s. 6(1)
128. (1) The portion of subsection 10(1) of the Act before paragraph (e) is replaced by the following:
Eligibility requirements for producers
10. (1) For a producer to be eligible for a guaranteed advance during a program year,
(a) the Minister must determine, taking into account any criteria prescribed by regulation, that the producer continuously owns the agricultural product, is responsible for marketing it and either is or was producing it;
(b) if the producer is an individual, the producer must have attained the age of majority in the province where the producer’s farming operation is carried on;
(c) if the producer is a corporation with only one shareholder,
(i) the individual who makes the application for an advance on the producer’s behalf must have attained the age of majority in the province where the produc- er’s farming operation is carried on, and
(ii) the shareholder must agree in writing to be personally liable — or a guarantor prescribed by the regulations must agree in writing to be liable — to the administrator for any of the producer’s liability under section 22 and to provide any security for the repayment of the advance that the administrator requires;
(d) if the producer is a corporation with two or more shareholders, a partnership, a cooperative or another association of persons,
(i) the individual who makes the application for an advance on behalf of the corporation, partnership, cooperative or association must have attained the age of majority in the province where the produc- er’s farming operation is carried on, and
(ii) each of the shareholders, partners or members, as the case may be, must agree in writing to be jointly and severally, or solidarily, liable — or a guarantor prescribed by the regulations must agree in writing to be liable — to the administrator for the producer’s liability under section 22 and to provide any security for the repayment of the advance that the administrator requires;
2008, c. 7, s. 5(1)
(2) Paragraph 10(1)(f.1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(f.1) the producer must demonstrate to the administrator that they are capable of meeting their obligations under the repayment agreement and that they are meeting all of their obligations under any other repayment agreement;
2006, c. 3, s. 6(1); 2008, c. 7, s. 5(2)
(3) Paragraph 10(1)(h) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(h) the producer must demonstrate that
(i) in the case of an agricultural product that is storable,
(A) it is of marketable quality and stored so as to remain of marketable quality until disposed of in accordance with the repayment agreement, or
(B) if it is in the course of being produced or is not yet produced, either the amount of the advance is covered by a program listed in the schedule and the amounts that may be received under that program are assignable or the amount of the advance is covered by the security referred to in section 12,
(ii) in the case of an agricultural product that is not storable,
(A) it is of marketable quality and maintained so as to remain of marketable quality until disposed of in accord- ance with the repayment agreement and either the amount of the advance is covered by a program listed in the schedule and the amounts that may be received under that program are assignable or the amount of the advance is covered by the security referred to in section 12, or
(B) if it is in the course of being produced or is not yet produced, either the amount of the advance is covered by a program listed in the schedule and the amounts that may be received under that program are assignable or the amount of the advance is covered by the security referred to in section 12, and
(iii) despite subparagraphs (i) and (ii), in the case of an agricultural product that is livestock, it is of marketable quality and maintained so as to remain of marketable quality until disposed of in accordance with the repayment agreement; and
1999, c. 26, s. 45; 2006, c. 3, s. 6(2)(E)
(4) Subsection 10(1.1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Sharing security
(1.1) For the purpose of paragraph (1)(g), the producer’s eligibility is not affected by the administrator sharing the security referred to in section 12 with another creditor in accordance with the terms and conditions specified in the advance guarantee agreement.
2006, c. 3, s. 6(3)
(5) Subparagraphs 10(2)(a)(v) and (vi) of the Act are replaced by the following:
(v) if the producer repays to the administrator an amount of the advance without proof that the agricultural product has been sold and that amount is greater than the amount prescribed by the regulations, by paying to the administrator, in accordance with the terms and conditions specified in the repayment agreement, the amount of interest owed under that agreement on the difference obtained by subtracting that prescribed amount from that repaid amount,
(vi) by any other means prescribed by the regulations, or
(vii) by paying the administrator using a combination of the means described in subparagraphs (i) to (vi);
(6) Subsection 10(2) of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (a):
(a.1) if the repayment agreement is in respect of an agricultural product designated by the Minister in the advance guarantee agreement, or an agricultural product in a class of agricultural products that is so designated, to repay the amount of the advance with respect to that agricultural product, with or without proof that it has been sold, before the expiry of the production period for which the advance was made;
2006, c. 3, s. 6(3); 2008, c. 7, s. 5(5)
(7) Paragraph 10(2)(b) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(b) to ensure that
(i) in the case of an agricultural product that is storable,
(A) it is of marketable quality and will be stored so as to remain of marketable quality until disposed of in accordance with the repayment agreement, or
(B) if it is in the course of being produced or is not yet produced, either the amount of the advance is covered by a program listed in the schedule and the amounts that may be received under that program are assignable or the amount of the advance is covered by the security referred to in section 12,
(ii) in the case of an agricultural product that is not storable,
(A) it is of marketable quality and will be maintained so as to remain of marketable quality until disposed of in accordance with the repayment agreement and either the amount of the advance is covered by a program listed in the schedule and the amounts that may be received under that program are assignable or the amount of the advance is covered by the security referred to in section 12, or
(B) if it is in the course of being produced or is not yet produced, either the amount of the advance is covered by a program listed in the schedule and the amounts that may be received under that program are assignable or the amount of the advance is covered by the security referred to in section 12, and
(iii) despite subparagraphs (i) and (ii), in the case of an agricultural product that is livestock, it is of marketable quality and will be maintained so as to remain of marketable quality until disposed of in accordance with the repayment agreement;
(8) Section 10 of the Act is amended by adding the following after subsection (2):
Waiver
(2.1) The administrator may, with the Minister’s approval and subject to any conditions specified by the Minister, waive those requirements of a repayment agreement that are referred to in paragraph 2(a) in order to permit a producer to repay an advance under the agreement if the administrator is satisfied that the agricultural product in respect of which the advance has been made has not been disposed of by the producer.
2006, c. 3, s. 7
129. Section 11 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Unmarketable agricultural product
11. Subject to section 22, if an agricultural product for which a guaranteed advance is made ceases, in whole or in part, to be in marketable condition, through no fault of the producer, the producer becomes liable to repay to the administrator that made the advance, within the period specified in the advance guarantee agreement, the portion of the guaranteed advance that is attributable to the unmarketable portion of the agricultural product, together with the interest — other than the interest paid by the Minister under subsection 9(1) — accruing on that portion calculated from the date of the advance.
2006, c. 3, s. 7
130. Section 12 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Security
12. An administrator that makes a guaranteed advance for an agricultural product to a producer in a program year shall take the security required by regulations made under paragraph 40(1)(f.2) for the amount of the producer’s liability under sections 22 and 23.
131. The Act is amended by adding the following after section 12:
Security that includes animal — special case
13. If the security referred to in section 12 includes an agricultural product that is an animal raised in a particular area, the value of that agricultural product is considered to be 50%, or the percentage fixed by regulation, of the average price that in the Minister’s opinion will be payable to producers of that agricultural product in that area.
2006, c. 3, s. 10
132. (1) Paragraph 19(1)(b) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(b) the rate per production unit that is specified by the Minister for the agricultural product for the production period for which the advance is made, or for a specified portion of the production period for which the advance is made.
(2) Subsection 19(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (b):
by
(c) the rate obtained by subtracting the administrator’s percentage, as determined under the regulations, from 100%.
(3) Section 19 of the Act is amended by adding the following after subsection (1):
Administrator’s percentage
(1.1) The administrator’s percentage mentioned in paragraph (1)(c), as determined under the regulations, must not exceed 10%. If the regulations establish a method of calculating that percentage, when the calculation results in a percentage that is less than 3%, that percentage is deemed to be 3% and when the calculation results in a percentage that is greater than 10%, that percentage is deemed to be 10%.
2006, c. 3, s. 10
(4) Subsection 19(3) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Exception
(3) If, because of paragraph 10(1)(h), the amount of the advance must be covered by a program listed in the schedule or the security referred to in section 12, the maximum amount of an advance eligible for a guarantee under this Part is
(a) in the case when the advance is covered by such a program, the lesser of the amount calculated under subsection (1) and the percentage, specified in the advance guarantee agreement, of the maximum amount that the producer could receive under that program; or
(b) in the case when the advance is covered by such a security, the lesser of the amount calculated under subsection (1) and the amount of the value of that security.
2006, c. 3, s. 11
133. (1) The portion of subsection 20(1) of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Annual maximum guarantee for each producer
20. (1) Subject to subsection (1.1), the maximum amount of advances in any program year that are eligible for a guarantee under this Act is
(2) Subsection 20(2) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Attribution
(2) If a producer is related to another producer, the amounts of advances received by, or attributed to, the other producer are attributable to the producer in accordance with the percentage or method of calculation set out in the regulations.
134. (1) Paragraph 21(1)(a) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(a) has not met all of their obligations under the agreement within 21 days after the day on which the administrator mails or delivers a notice to the producer stating that the producer has had, in the administrator’s opinion, adequate opportunity to meet the obligations, and requesting the producer to meet them;
(2) Subsection 21(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (c):
(c.1) becomes the subject of proceedings under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act and has not met all of their obligations under the agreement;
(c.2) has made an application under section 5 of the Farm Debt Mediation Act and has not met all of their obligations under the agreement;
(3) Subsection 21(1) of the Act is amended by striking out “or” at the end of paragraph (d) and by adding the following after that paragraph:
(d.1) is, in the administrator’s opinion, at fault for causing or contributing to a decrease in the value of the security taken by the administrator under section 12 and, as a result, in the administrator’s opinion, the value of the security is less than the value of the outstanding amount of the advance; or
(4) Subsection 21(2) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Stay of default
(2) Subject to any regulations, if a default is impending, the Minister may, at the administrator’s request, order the default to be stayed for a specified period on any terms and conditions that the Minister may establish.
Liability of producer
(2.1) A producer in respect of whom a stay of default is ordered is liable to the administrator for the costs incurred by the administrator in relation to the stay of default, other than the costs that the administrator has recovered by means of a fee charged to the producer under subsection 5(4).
(5) Subsection 21(4) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Ineligibility period
(4) An advance guarantee agreement may provide that a producer continues to be ineligible for a guaranteed advance from the administrator for any period specified in the agreement, even though the producer has ceased to be in default.
135. (1) The portion of section 22 of the French version of the Act before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Obligations du producteur défaillant envers l’agent d’exécution
22. Le producteur défaillant relativement à l’accord de remboursement est redevable à l’agent d’exécution de ce qui suit :
(2) Section 22 of the Act is amended by striking out “and” at the end of paragraph (b) and by replacing paragraph (c) with the following:
(c) the costs, including legal costs, incurred by the administrator to recover the outstanding amounts and interest, if those costs are approved by the Minister, other than the costs that the administrator has recovered by means of a fee charged to the producer under subsection 5(4); and
(d) any other outstanding amounts under the repayment agreement.
1999, c. 26, s. 46
136. (1) Subsections 23(1) and (2) of the Act are replaced by the following:
Payments to be made by Minister
23. (1) If the producer is in default under the repayment agreement and the Minister receives a request for payment from the administrator or lender to whom the guarantee is made, the Minister must, in accordance with the advance guarantee agreement and subject to any regulations made under paragraph 40(1)(g) or (g.1), pay to the lender or the administrator, as the case may be, an amount equal to the amounts referred to in paragraphs 22(a) and (c) and the interest, other than the interest paid by the Minister under subsection 9(1), at the rate specified in the advance guarantee agreement on the outstanding amount of the advance, calculated from the date of the advance.
Payments may be made by Minister
(1.1) The Minister may, subject to any regulations made under paragraph 40(1)(g) or (g.1), pay to the lender or the administrator, as specified in the advance guarantee agreement, an amount equal to the amounts referred to in paragraphs 22(a) and (c) and the interest, other than the interest paid by the Minister under subsection 9(1), at the rate specified in the advance guarantee agreement on the outstanding amount of the advance, calculated from the date of the advance, if
(a) the producer is in default under the repayment agreement and has made an application under section 5 of the Farm Debt Mediation Act; or
(b) the producer has been in default under the repayment agreement for the period specified in the advance guarantee agreement.
Subrogation
(2) The Minister is, to the extent of any payment under subsection (1) or (1.1), subrogated to the administrator’s rights against the producer in default and against persons who are liable under paragraphs 10(1)(c) and (d) and may maintain an action, in the name of the administrator or in the name of the Crown, against that producer and those persons.
2008, c. 7, s. 6
(2) Subsections 23(4) and (5) of the Act are replaced by the following:
Limitation or prescription period
(4) Subject to the other provisions of this section, no action or proceedings may be taken by the Minister to recover any amounts, interest and costs owing after the six year period that begins on the day on which the Minister is subrogated to the administrator’s rights.
Deduction, set-off or compensation
(5) The amounts, interest and costs owing may be recovered at any time by way of deduction from, set-off against or, in Quebec, compensation against any sum of money that may be due or payable by Her Majesty in right of Canada to the person or their estate or succession.
Acknowledgment of liability
(6) If a person acknowledges liability for the amounts, interest and costs owing, whether before or after the end of the limitation or prescription period, the time during which the limitation or prescription period has run before the acknowledgment of liability does not count in the calculation of the limitation or prescription period and an action or proceedings to recover the amounts, interest and costs may be taken within six years after the day of the acknowledgment of liability.
Types of acknowledgment
(7) An acknowledgement of liability means
(a) a written promise to pay the amounts, interest and costs owing, signed by the person or his or her agent or other representative;
(b) a written acknowledgment of the amounts, interest and costs owing, signed by the person or his or her agent or other representative, whether or not a promise to pay can be implied from it and whether or not it contains a refusal to pay;
(c) a payment, even in part, by the person or his or her agent or other representative of any of the amounts, interests and costs owing; 
(d) any acknowledgment of the amounts, interest and costs owing made by the person, his or her agent or other representative or the trustee or administrator in the course of proceedings under the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act, the Farm Debt Mediation Act or any other legislation dealing with the payment of debts; or
(e) the person’s performance of an obligation under the repayment agreement referred to in subsection (1). 
Period excluded
(8) Any period in which it is prohibited to commence or continue an action or proceedings against the person to recover the amounts, interest and costs owing does not count in the calculation of a limitation or prescription period under this section.
Enforcement proceedings
(9) This section does not apply in respect of an action or proceedings relating to the execution, renewal or enforcement of a judgment.
2006, c. 3, s. 15
137. Subsections 34(3) and (4) of the Act are repealed.
138. (1) Subsection 40(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (a.1):
(a.2) defining the meanings of the words and expressions “control” and “controlled by” for the purposes of paragraphs 3(2)(a) and (b);
(a.3) prescribing, for the purposes of paragraph 3(2)(e), circumstances in which pro- ducers are presumed to be related;
2006, c. 3, s. 16(1)
(2) The portion of paragraph 40(1)(b) of the Act before subparagraph (i) is replaced by the following:
(b) for the purpose of subsection 4.1(1) and any regulations made under subsection 4.1(3), prescribing criteria for
2006, c. 3, s. 16(1); 2008, c. 7, s. 7(2)
(3) Paragraphs 40(1)(c) to (e) of the Act are replaced by the following:
(c) fixing an amount for the purposes of each of subsection 5(5), paragraphs 7(3)(a) and (b), subsection 9(1), paragraph 20(1)(b) and subsection 20(1.1), which amount may, for the purposes of subsection 9(1), paragraph 20(1)(b) or subsection 20(1.1), differ with regard to classes of producers;
(d) prescribing criteria for the purposes of paragraph 7(1)(b);
(e) fixing a percentage for the purposes of each of paragraphs 7(3)(a) and (b), section 13 and subsection 19(2);
(e.01) for the purposes of subsections 9(2) and 20(2), fixing the percentage or percent- ages of the amounts received by, or attributed to, related producers that are to be attributable to a producer, which percentage or percent­ages may differ depending on the type of producer or related producer;
(e.02) for the purposes of subsections 9(2) and 20(2), respecting the method of calculating the amounts received by, or attributed to, related producers that are to be attributable to a producer, which method of calculation may differ depending on the type of producer or related producer;
(4) Subsection 40(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (e.1):
(e.11) respecting, for the purposes of subparagraphs 10(1)(c)(ii) and (d)(ii), guarantors or classes of guarantors and the security or classes of security that must be provided by guarantors;
(5) Subsection 40(1) of the Act is amended by adding the following after paragraph (f):
(f.01) prescribing, for the purposes of subparagraph 10(2)(a)(vi), any means that may be used to repay an advance and the terms and conditions respecting those repayments;
2006, c. 3, s. 16(1)
(6) Paragraph 40(1)(f.2) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(f.2) respecting the security or classes of security that administrators are required to take for the purposes of section 12;
(f.3) determining, for the purposes of paragraph 19(1)(c), the administrator’s percentage or establishing a method of calculating it, which percentage may differ among administrators depending on their experience and past performance;
(f.4) respecting stays of default under subsection 21(2);
(7) Subsection 40(1) of the Act is amended by striking out “and” at the end of paragraph (h.1) and by adding the following after that paragraph:
(h.2) prescribing anything that is to be prescribed under this Act; and
2008, c. 7, s. 7(4)
(8) Subsection 40(2) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Recommendation
(2) Regulations made under paragraph (1)(c) or (e) may be made only on the Minister’s recommendation with the concurrence of the Minister of Finance.
2006, c. 3, s. 17
139. Subsection 42(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Five-year review
42. (1) Every five years after the coming into force of this subsection, the Minister must review the provisions and operation of this Act in consultation with the Minister of Finance.
2006, c. 3, s. 20
140. The schedule to the Act is amended by replacing the references after the heading “SCHEDULE” with the following:
(Sections 5, 10, 19 and 33.1)
1997, c. 21
FARM DEBT MEDIATION ACT
141. (1) The definition “farmer” in section 2 of the English version of the Farm Debt Mediation Act is replaced by the following:
“farmer”« agriculteur »
“farmer” means any person, cooperative, partnership or other association of persons that is engaged in farming for commercial purposes and that meets any prescribed criteria.
(2) Paragraph (b) of the definition “secured creditor” in section 2 of the Act is replaced by the following:
(b) any person, cooperative, partnership or other association of persons
(i) with which a farmer has entered into an agreement for sale, a lease with an option to purchase or a conditional sales contract relating to any property used or possessed by the farmer, or
(ii) to which such an agreement or contract has been assigned; and
142. Paragraphs 7(1)(a) and (b) of the Act are replaced by the following:
(a) give notice of the application to
(i) each creditor listed in the application, in the case of an application made under paragraph 5(1)(a),
(ii) each secured creditor listed in the application, in the case of an application made under paragraph 5(1)(b), and
(iii) the Minister, if the Minister is the guarantor of a farmer’s debt that is owed to a creditor or secured creditor listed in the application;
(b) in the case of an application made under paragraph 5(1)(a), issue a stay of proceedings for a period of 30 days, beginning at the time when the stay is issued, against the farmer by all of the farmer’s creditors and give notice of the stay to each creditor listed in the application; and
143. Paragraphs 9(2)(b) and (c) of the Act are replaced by the following:
(b) may, in the case of an application made under paragraph 5(1)(b), include a recommendation that one or more creditors who are not secured creditors, and the Minister, if the Minister is the guarantor of a farmer’s debt that is owed to one of those creditors, participate in the mediation; and
(c) may include the preparation of recovery plans for the purpose of reaching financial arrangements with creditors and the Minister.
144. (1) Paragraphs 10(1)(b) and (c) of the Act are replaced by the following:
(b) inform
(i) in the case of an application made under paragraph 5(1)(a), the farmer, all of the creditors listed in the application and the Minister, if the Minister was given notice of the application by the administrator under subparagraph 7(1)(a)(iii), of the mediator’s appointment, or
(ii) in the case of an application made under paragraph 5(1)(b), the farmer, all of the secured creditors listed in the appli- cation, all of the creditors mentioned in a recommendation under paragraph 9(2)(b) and the Minister, if the Minister was given notice of the application by the administrator under subparagraph 7(1)(a)(iii) or is mentioned in the recommendation, of the mediator’s appointment; and
(c) provide a copy of the report mentioned in subsection 9(4) to the mediator and to the persons and entities that will be participating in the mediation.
(2) Subsection 10(2) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Duties of mediator
(2) In accordance with the regulations, the mediator shall examine the report mentioned in subsection 9(4) and meet with the persons and entities referred to in subparagraph (1)(b)(i) or (ii) for the purpose of assisting them to reach a mutually acceptable arrangement, but shall not provide advice to the farmer or a creditor.
145. Subsection 13(3) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Notice to creditors
(3) The administrator shall give notice of any extension granted under subsection (1) or (2) to the farmer and to each creditor listed in the farmer’s application.
146. Subsection 14(3) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Notice of termination
(3) If the administrator directs that a stay of proceedings be terminated under subsection (1) or (2), the administrator shall inform the farmer, all of the creditors listed in the application and the Minister, if the Minister was given notice of the application by the administrator under subparagraph 7(1)(a)(iii).
147. Section 19 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Arrangement
19. If a farmer enters into an arrangement with a creditor, or with the Minister, as a result of the mediation, the administrator shall see to its signing by the parties.
148. Subsection 21(2) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Time of notice
(2) The notice must be given to the farmer and to an administrator, in the form established by the Minister and in accordance with the regulations, at least 15 business days before the doing of any act described in paragraph (1)(a) or (b).
149. (1) Subsections 24(1) and (2) of the Act are replaced by the following:
Communication of information
(1) Except as authorized by subsection (2), no person shall knowingly communicate or knowingly allow to be communicated to any person any information that is obtained under this Act from a farmer, from a farmer’s creditor or from the Minister or knowingly allow any person to inspect or have access to that information.
Exception
(2) A person engaged in the administration of this Act, or a mediator or expert referred to in subsection 4(4), may communicate or allow to be communicated, or allow inspection of or access to, the information referred to in subsection (1) to or by any other person engaged in the administration of this Act or any person otherwise legally entitled to the information.
(2) Subsection 24(3) of the English version of the Act is replaced by the following:
Protection of witness
(3) A person engaged in the administration of this Act, or a mediator or expert referred to in subsection 4(4), is not compellable to answer questions concerning the information, or to produce records or other documents containing the information, as evidence in any proceedings not directly concerned with the enforcement or interpretation of this Act or the regulations.
150. Section 25 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Personal liability
25. A person engaged in the administration of this Act, or a mediator or expert referred to in subsection 4(4), is not personally liable for anything done or omitted to be done in good faith in the performance of their duties under this Act.
151. Paragraph 26(2)(b) of the English version of the Act is replaced by the following:
(b) providing information or notices required by this Act.
152. Subsection 28(1) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Review of Act
28. (1) Every five years after the coming into force of this subsection, the Minister shall undertake a review of the operation of this Act and may for that purpose consult with representatives of any organizations that the Minister considers appropriate.
TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS — AGRICULTURAL MARKETING PROGRAMS ACT
Definitions
153. (1) The following definitions apply in this section.
“new Act”« nouvelle loi »
“new Act” means the Agricultural Marketing Programs Act as it reads on the day on which this section comes into force.
“old Act”« ancienne loi »
“old Act” means the Agricultural Marketing Programs Act as it read immediately before the day on which this section comes into force.
Old Act continues to apply
(2) The old Act continues to apply on and after the day on which this section comes into force with respect to advance guarantee agreements and repayment agreements entered into under the old Act that are still in existence on that day.
Unpaid amounts — old Act
(3) Amounts remaining unpaid in respect of advances made under advance guarantee agreements entered into under the old Act that are still in existence on the day on which this section comes into force are to be taken into account for the purposes of applying the new Act.
Unpaid amounts — spring credit advances
(4) Amounts remaining unpaid in respect of advances made under agreements entered into under the Spring Credit Advance Program or the Enhanced Spring Credit Advance Program that are still in existence on the day on which this section comes into force are to be taken into account for the purposes of applying the new Act.
Default — spring credit advances
(5) A default under a repayment agreement entered into under the Spring Credit Advance Program or the Enhanced Spring Credit Advance Program is deemed to be a default under a repayment agreement entered into under the new Act.
COMING INTO FORCE
Plant Breeders’ Rights Act
154. (1) Sections 2 to 51 come into force on a day to be fixed by order of the Governor in Council.
Feeds Act
(2) Section 52, subsections 53(1) and (2) and 54(1) to (3), section 55, subsections 56(1) to (8), section 57, subsections 58(1) to (3), sections 59 and 60 and subsections 61(1) and (2) come into force on a day or days to be fixed by order of the Governor in Council.
Fertilizers Act
(3) Sections 62 and 63, subsections 64(1) and (2), section 65, subsections 66(1) to (7), section 67, subsections 68(1) to (3) and sections 69 to 72 come into force on a day or days to be fixed by order of the Governor in Council.
Seeds Act
(4) Section 73, subsections 74(1) and (2), section 75, subsections 76(1) to (5), sections 77 and 78, subsections 79(1) to (3), sections 80 and 81, subsections 82(1) and (2) and section 83 come into force on a day or days to be fixed by order of the Governor in Council.
Health of Animals Act
(5) Subsections 84(1) to (4), sections 85 to 91, subsections 92(1) and (2), sections 93 and 94, subsections 95(1) to (7) and sections 96 to 98 come into force on a day or days to be fixed by order of the Governor in Council.
Plant Protection Act
(6) Subsections 99(1) and (2), sections 100 to 102, subsections 103(1) and (2) and 104(1) and (2), sections 105 to 107, subsections 108(1) to (5) and sections 109 to 112 come into force on a day or days to be fixed by order of the Governor in Council.
Agriculture and Agri-Food Administrative Monetary Penalties Act
(7) Section 113, subsections 114(1) and (2) and sections 115 to 119 come into force on a day or days to be fixed by order of the Governor in Council.
Agricultural Marketing Programs Act
(8) Subsections 120(1) to (5), sections 121 to 123, subsections 124(1) to (8), section 125, subsections 126(1) and (2), 127(1) and (2) and 128(1) to (8), sections 129 to 131, subsections 132(1) to (4), 133(1) and (2), 134(1) to (5) and 135(1) and (2), sections 136 and 137, subsections 138(1) to (8) and sections 139, 140 and 153 come into force on a day or days to be fixed by order of the Governor in Council.
Farm Debt Mediation Act
(9) Subsections 141(1) and (2), sections 142 and 143, subsections 144(1) and (2), sections 145 to 148, subsections 149(1) and (2) and sections 150 to 152 come into force on a day or days to be fixed by order of the Governor in Council.
Published under authority of the Speaker of the House of Commons