C-414
First Session, Forty-first Parliament,
60-61 Elizabeth II, 2011-2012
HOUSE OF COMMONS OF CANADA
BILL C-414
An Act to amend the Criminal Code (cruelty to animals)
first reading, April 3, 2012
Mr. Comartin
411347
SUMMARY
This enactment amends the Criminal Code by expanding the scope of animal cruelty offences.
Also available on the Parliament of Canada Web Site at the following address:http://www.parl.gc.ca
1st Session, 41st Parliament,
60-61 Elizabeth II, 2011-2012
house of commons of canada
BILL C-414
An Act to amend the Criminal Code (cruelty to animals)
R.S., c. C-46
Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Commons of Canada, enacts as follows:
1. The Criminal Code is amended by adding the following after section 182:
PART V.1
CRUELTY TO ANIMALS
Definitions
182.1 The following definitions apply in this Part. 
“animal”« animal »
“animal” means a vertebrate, other than a human being. 
“law enforcement animal”« animal d'assistance policière »
“law enforcement animal” means a dog, a horse or any other animal used by a peace officer or public officer in the execution of their duties. 
Killing or harming animals
182.2 (1) Every one commits an offence who, wilfully or recklessly,
(a) causes or, being the owner, permits to be caused unnecessary pain, suffering or injury to an animal;
(b) kills an animal or, being the owner, permits an animal to be killed, brutally or viciously, regardless of whether the animal dies immediately;
(c) kills an animal without lawful excuse;
(d) without lawful excuse, poisons an animal, places poison in such a position that it may easily be consumed by an animal, administers an injurious drug or substance to an animal or, being the owner, permits anyone to do any of those things;
(e) in any manner encourages, promotes, arranges, assists at or receives money for the fighting or baiting of animals, including training an animal to fight another animal;
(f) makes, maintains, keeps or allows to be made, maintained or kept a cockpit or any other arena for the fighting of animals on premises that he or she owns or occupies;
(g) promotes, arranges, conducts, assists in, receives money for or takes part in any meeting, competition, exhibition, pastime, practice, display or event at or in the course of which captive animals are liberated by hand, trap, contrivance or any other means for the purpose of being shot at the moment they are liberated; or
(h) being the owner, occupier or person in charge of any premises, permits the premises or any part of the premises to be used in the course of an activity referred to in paragraph (e) or (g).
Punishment
(2) Every one who commits an offence under subsection (1) is guilty of
(a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years; or
(b) an offence punishable on summary conviction and liable to a fine not exceeding ten thousand dollars or imprisonment for a term of not more than eighteen months or to both.
Failing to provide adequate care
182.3 (1) Every one commits an offence who
(a) negligently causes unnecessary pain, suffering or injury to an animal;
(b) being the owner, or the person having the custody or control of an animal, wilfully or recklessly abandons it or negligently fails to provide suitable and adequate food, water, air, shelter and care for it; or
(c) negligently injures an animal while it is being conveyed.
Definition of “negligently”
(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), “negligently” means departing markedly from the standard of care that a reasonable person would use.
Punishment
(3) Every one who commits an offence under subsection (1) is guilty of
(a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than two years; or
(b) an offence punishable on summary conviction and liable to a fine not exceeding five thousand dollars or imprisonment for a term of not more than six months or to both.
Offence against a law enforcement animal
182.4 Without limiting the generality of section 718.2, if a court imposes a sentence for an offence committed under subsection 182.2(2) or 182.3(3) against a law enforcement animal that is being used by a peace officer or public officer engaged in the execution of their duties at the time of the commission of the offence, those circumstances shall be deemed to be aggravating circumstances relating to the offence that the court shall consider under paragraph 718.2(a). 
Order of prohibition or restitution
182.5 (1) The court may, in addition to any other sentence that it may impose under subsection 182.2(2) or 182.3(3),
(a) make an order prohibiting the offender from owning, having the custody or control of or residing in the same premises as an animal for any period that the court considers appropriate, and in the case of a second or subsequent offence under either of those subsections, for a minimum of five years; and
(b) on application of the Attorney General or on its own motion, order that the offender pay to a person or an organization that has taken care of an animal as a result of the commission of the offence the reasonable costs that the person or organization incurred in respect of the animal, if the costs are readily ascertainable.
Breach of order
(2) Every one who contravenes an order made under paragraph (1)(a) is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction.
Application
(3) Sections 740 to 741.2 apply, with any modifications that the circumstances require, to orders made under paragraph (1)(b).
Common law defences
182.6 For greater certainty, the defences set out in subsection 429(2) apply, to the extent that they are relevant, in respect of proceedings for an offence under this Part.
Aboriginal rights
182.7 For greater certainty, nothing in this Part shall be construed so as to abrogate or derogate from the protection provided for existing aboriginal or treaty rights of the aboriginal peoples of Canada by the recognition and affirmation of those rights in section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982.
2. Subsection 429(2) of the Act is replaced by the following:
Colour of right
(2) No person shall be convicted of an offence under sections 430 to 443 where the person proves that he or she acted with legal justification or excuse and with colour of right.
3. The heading before section 444 and sections 444 to 447.1 of the Act are repealed.
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