C-407
Second Session, Fortieth Parliament,
57-58 Elizabeth II, 2009
HOUSE OF COMMONS OF CANADA
BILL C-407
An Act to eliminate racial and religious profiling
first reading, June 4, 2009
Mr. Siksay
402055
SUMMARY
The purpose of this enactment is to prevent individuals from being stopped or otherwise investigated by enforcement officers wholly or partly on the basis of the individual’s race, colour, ethnicity, ancestry, religion or place of origin.
The enactment prohibits the practice of racial and religious profiling. It also requires enforcement agencies to establish policies and procedures to eliminate racial and religious profiling, including the collection of data sufficient to determine whether enforcement officers have engaged in racial or religious profiling.
The enactment requires the Minister responsible for an enforcement agency to submit to Parliament each year a report of the agency on racial and religious profiling.
Also available on the Parliament of Canada Web Site at the following address:http://www.parl.gc.ca
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2nd Session, 40th Parliament,
57-58 Elizabeth II, 2009
house of commons of canada
BILL C-407
An Act to eliminate racial and religious profiling
Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Commons of Canada, enacts as follows:
SHORT TITLE
Short title
1. This Act may be cited as the Elimination of Racial and Religious Profiling Act.
INTERPRETATION
Definitions
2. The definitions in this section apply in this Act.
“enforcement agency”« autorité responsable »
“enforcement agency” means any department or agency that employs enforcement officers.
“enforcement officer”« agent de l’autorité »
“enforcement officer” means
(a) a member of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police;
(b) an officer or a person having the powers of a customs or excise officer when performing any duty in the administration of the Customs Act or the Excise Act;
(c) a person designated as an officer under the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act when performing any duties or functions under that Act;
(d) a person designated to conduct screenings under section 4.84 of the Aeronautics Act when performing any duties or functions under that Act; and
(e) a member of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS).
“Minister”« ministre »
“Minister”, in respect of an enforcement agency, means the Minister responsible for the enforcement agency.
“racial or religious profiling” or“racial and religious profiling”« profilage racial ou religieux »
“racial or religious profiling” or “racial and religious profiling” means any action undertaken for reasons of safety, security or public protection that relies on stereotypes including but not limited to stereotypes about race, colour, ethnicity, ancestry, religion or place of origin, or a combination of these, rather than on reasonable suspicion, to single out an individual for greater scrutiny or different treatment.
ENFORCEMENT OFFICER OR AGENCY
Prohibition
3. (1) An enforcement officer or enforcement agency must not engage in racial or religious profiling.
Precision
(2) Reliance on criteria such as race, colour, ethnicity, ancestry, religion or place of origin is not considered to be racial or religious profiling if it is used by an enforcement officer in combination with other identifying factors to search for and apprehend a specific suspect whose description includes one or more of these criteria.
Enforcement
4. (1) The Federal Court has jurisdiction to hear and determine all cases in which a claim for relief is made or a remedy is sought under this Act.
Proof of violation
(2) Proof that the routine investigatory activities of an enforcement officer have had a disparate impact on racial, religious or ethnic minorities is, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, proof that the officer has engaged in racial or religious profiling.
Policies and procedures
5. (1) An enforcement agency must maintain policies and procedures that are designed to address racism and to eliminate racial and religious profiling.
Content
(2) The policies and procedures must include
(a) a prohibition on racial or religious profiling;
(b) provision for the collection of sufficient data on routine investigatory activities to determine if any enforcement officer has engaged in racial or religious profiling;
(c) procedures for receiving, investigating and responding to complaints alleging racial or religious profiling;
(d) procedures for disciplining enforcement officers who have engaged in racial or religious profiling;
(e) an analysis of the issue of racism; and
(f) any other measures that the Minister considers necessary to eliminate racial and religious profiling.
Standards for collection of data
(3) The policies and procedures on the collection of data must be at least as stringent as any applicable standards established by regulation.
Submission of data to Minister
(4) The enforcement agency must submit the data collected to the Minister.
Assessment of data
(5) At least once every year the Minister must assess the data collected against any standards established for this purpose by regulation, in order to monitor the effectiveness of the policies and procedures in eliminating racial and religious profiling.
REPORT TO PARLIAMENT
Report to Parliament
6. (1) Within two years after the coming into force of this Act and every year after that, every enforcement agency must prepare and submit to the Minister a report on racial and religious profiling, and the Minister must cause the report to be laid before each House of Parliament on any of the first 10 days on which that House is sitting after the Minister receives it.
Contents
(2) The report must include
(a) a summary of the data collected under paragraph 5(2)(b);
(b) the status of the enforcement agency’s policies and procedures; and
(c) a description of any other policies and procedures that the Minister believes would facilitate the elimination of racial and religious profiling.
DATA
Release of data
7. The data collected under paragraph 5(2)(b) must be made available to the public.
REGULATIONS
Regulations
8. The Governor in Council may make regulations
(a) defining “routine investigatory activities” for the purposes of this Act;
(b) establishing standards for the collection of data referred to in paragraph 5(2)(b), including standards against which data that is collected may be assessed; and
(c) respecting any other matter that the Governor in Council considers necessary for carrying out the purposes and provisions of this Act.
Published under authority of the Speaker of the House of CommonsAvailable from:Publishing and Depository ServicesPublic Works and Government Services Canada