C-19
Second Session, Fortieth Parliament,
57-58 Elizabeth II, 2009
HOUSE OF COMMONS OF CANADA
BILL C-19
An Act to amend the Criminal Code (investigative hearing and recognizance with conditions)
first reading, March 12, 2009
MINISTER OF JUSTICE
90416
SUMMARY
This enactment replaces sections 83.28 to 83.3 of the Criminal Code to provide for an investigative hearing to gather information for the purposes of an investigation of a terrorism offence and to provide for the imposition of a recognizance with conditions on a person to prevent them from carrying out a terrorist activity. It also provides for those sections to cease to have effect or for the possible extension of their operation.
Also available on the Parliament of Canada Web Site at the following address:http://www.parl.gc.ca
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2nd Session, 40th Parliament,
57-58 Elizabeth II, 2009
house of commons of canada
BILL C-19
An Act to amend the Criminal Code (investigative hearing and recognizance with conditions)
R.S., c. C-46
Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Commons of Canada, enacts as follows:
2001, c. 41, s. 4
1. The heading before section 83.28 and sections 83.28 to 83.3 of the Criminal Code are replaced by the following:
Explanatory NotesCriminal Code
Clause 1: Existing text of the heading and sections 83.28 to 83.3 (which ceased to have effect on March 1, 2007):
Investigative Hearing
83.28 (1) In this section and section 83.29, “judge” means a provincial court judge or a judge of a superior court of criminal jurisdiction.
(2) Subject to subsection (3), a peace officer may, for the purposes of an investigation of a terrorism offence, apply ex parte to a judge for an order for the gathering of information.
(3) A peace officer may make an application under subsection (2) only if the prior consent of the Attorney General was obtained.
(4) A judge to whom an application is made under subsection (2) may make an order for the gathering of information if the judge is satisfied that the consent of the Attorney General was obtained as required by subsection (3) and
(a) that there are reasonable grounds to believe that
(i) a terrorism offence has been committed, and
(ii) information concerning the offence, or information that may reveal the whereabouts of a person suspected by the peace officer of having committed the offence, is likely to be obtained as a result of the order; or
(b) that
(i) there are reasonable grounds to believe that a terrorism offence will be committed,
(ii) there are reasonable grounds to believe that a person has direct and material information that relates to a terrorism offence referred to in subparagraph (i), or that may reveal the whereabouts of an individual who the peace officer suspects may commit a terrorism offence referred to in that subparagraph, and
(iii) reasonable attempts have been made to obtain the information referred to in subparagraph (ii) from the person referred to in that subparagraph.
(5) An order made under subsection (4) may
(a) order the examination, on oath or not, of a person named in the order;
(b) order the person to attend at the place fixed by the judge, or by the judge designated under paragraph (d), as the case may be, for the examination and to remain in attendance until excused by the presiding judge;
(c) order the person to bring to the examination any thing in their possession or control, and produce it to the presiding judge;
(d) designate another judge as the judge before whom the examination is to take place; and
(e) include any other terms or conditions that the judge considers desirable, including terms or conditions for the protection of the interests of the person named in the order and of third parties or for the protection of any ongoing investigation.
(6) An order made under subsection (4) may be executed anywhere in Canada.
(7) The judge who made the order under subsection (4), or another judge of the same court, may vary its terms and conditions.
(8) A person named in an order made under subsection (4) shall answer questions put to the person by the Attorney General or the Attorney General’s agent, and shall produce to the presiding judge things that the person was ordered to bring, but may refuse if answering a question or producing a thing would disclose information that is protected by any law relating to non-disclosure of information or to privilege.
(9) The presiding judge shall rule on any objection or other issue relating to a refusal to answer a question or to produce a thing.
(10) No person shall be excused from answering a question or producing a thing under subsection (8) on the ground that the answer or thing may tend to incriminate the person or subject the person to any proceeding or penalty, but
(a) no answer given or thing produced under subsection (8) shall be used or received against the person in any criminal proceedings against that person, other than a prosecution under section 132 or 136; and
(b) no evidence derived from the evidence obtained from the person shall be used or received against the person in any criminal proceedings against that person, other than a prosecution under section 132 or 136.
(11) A person has the right to retain and instruct counsel at any stage of the proceedings.
(12) The presiding judge, if satisfied that any thing produced during the course of the examination will likely be relevant to the investigation of any terrorism offence, shall order that the thing be given into the custody of the peace officer or someone acting on the peace officer’s behalf.
83.29 (1) The judge who made the order under subsection 83.28(4), or another judge of the same court, may issue a warrant for the arrest of the person named in the order if the judge is satisfied, on an information in writing and under oath, that the person
(a) is evading service of the order;
(b) is about to abscond; or
(c) did not attend the examination, or did not remain in attendance, as required by the order.
(2) A warrant issued under subsection (1) may be executed at any place in Canada by any peace officer having jurisdiction in that place.
(3) A peace officer who arrests a person in the execution of a warrant issued under subsection (1) shall, without delay, bring the person, or cause the person to be brought, before the judge who issued the warrant or another judge of the same court. The judge in question may, to ensure compliance with the order, order that the person be detained in custody or released on recognizance, with or without sureties.
Recognizance with Conditions
83.3 (1) The consent of the Attorney General is required before a peace officer may lay an information under subsection (2).
(2) Subject to subsection (1), a peace officer may lay an information before a provincial court judge if the peace officer
(a) believes on reasonable grounds that a terrorist activity will be carried out; and
(b) suspects on reasonable grounds that the imposition of a recognizance with conditions on a person, or the arrest of a person, is necessary to prevent the carrying out of the terrorist activity.
(3) A provincial court judge who receives an information under subsection (2) may cause the person to appear before the provincial court judge.
(4) Notwithstanding subsections (2) and (3), if
(a) either
(i) the grounds for laying an information referred to in paragraphs (2)(a) and (b) exist but, by reason of exigent circumstances, it would be impracticable to lay an information under subsection (2), or
(ii) an information has been laid under subsection (2) and a summons has been issued, and
(b) the peace officer suspects on reasonable grounds that the detention of the person in custody is necessary in order to prevent a terrorist activity,
the peace officer may arrest the person without warrant and cause the person to be detained in custody, to be taken before a provincial court judge in accordance with subsection (6).
(5) If a peace officer arrests a person without warrant in the circumstance described in subparagraph (4)(a)(i), the peace officer shall, within the time prescribed by paragraph (6)(a) or (b),
(a) lay an information in accordance with subsection (2); or
(b) release the person.
(6) A person detained in custody shall be taken before a provincial court judge in accordance with the following rules:
(a) if a provincial court judge is available within a period of twenty-four hours after the person has been arrested, the person shall be taken before a provincial court judge without unreasonable delay and in any event within that period, and
(b) if a provincial court judge is not available within a period of twenty-four hours after the person has been arrested, the person shall be taken before a provincial court judge as soon as possible,
unless, at any time before the expiry of the time prescribed in paragraph (a) or (b) for taking the person before a provincial court judge, the peace officer, or an officer in charge within the meaning of Part XV, is satisfied that the person should be released from custody unconditionally, and so releases the person.
(7) When a person is taken before a provincial court judge under subsection (6),
(a) if an information has not been laid under subsection (2), the judge shall order that the person be released; or
(b) if an information has been laid under subsection (2),
(i) the judge shall order that the person be released unless the peace officer who laid the information shows cause why the detention of the person in custody is justified on one or more of the following grounds:
(A) the detention is necessary to ensure the person’s appearance before a provincial court judge in order to be dealt with in accordance with subsection (8),
(B) the detention is necessary for the protection or safety of the public, including any witness, having regard to all the circumstances including
(I) the likelihood that, if the person is released from custody, a terrorist activity will be carried out, and
(II) any substantial likelihood that the person will, if released from custody, interfere with the administration of justice, and
(C) any other just cause and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, that the detention is necessary in order to maintain confidence in the administration of justice, having regard to all the circumstances, including the apparent strength of the peace officer’s grounds under subsection (2), and the gravity of any terrorist activity that may be carried out, and
(ii) the judge may adjourn the matter for a hearing under subsection (8) but, if the person is not released under subparagraph (i), the adjournment may not exceed forty-eight hours.
(8) The provincial court judge before whom the person appears pursuant to subsection (3)
(a) may, if satisfied by the evidence adduced that the peace officer has reasonable grounds for the suspicion, order that the person enter into a recognizance to keep the peace and be of good behaviour for any period that does not exceed twelve months and to comply with any other reasonable conditions prescribed in the recognizance, including the conditions set out in subsection (10), that the provincial court judge considers desirable for preventing the carrying out of a terrorist activity; and
(b) if the person was not released under subparagraph (7)(b)(i), shall order that the person be released, subject to the recognizance, if any, ordered under paragraph (a).
(9) The provincial court judge may commit the person to prison for a term not exceeding twelve months if the person fails or refuses to enter into the recognizance.
(10) Before making an order under paragraph (8)(a), the provincial court judge shall consider whether it is desirable, in the interests of the safety of the person or of any other person, to include as a condition of the recognizance that the person be prohibited from possessing any firearm, cross-bow, prohibited weapon, restricted weapon, prohibited device, ammunition, prohibited ammunition or explosive substance, or all of those things, for any period specified in the recognizance, and where the provincial court judge decides that it is so desirable, the provincial court judge shall add such a condition to the recognizance.
(11) If the provincial court judge adds a condition described in subsection (10) to a recognizance, the provincial court judge shall specify in the recognizance the manner and method by which
(a) the things referred to in that subsection that are in the possession of the person shall be surrendered, disposed of, detained, stored or dealt with; and
(b) the authorizations, licences and registration certificates held by the person shall be surrendered.
(12) If the provincial court judge does not add a condition described in subsection (10) to a recognizance, the provincial court judge shall include in the record a statement of the reasons for not adding the condition.
(13) The provincial court judge may, on application of the peace officer, the Attorney General or the person, vary the conditions fixed in the recognizance.
(14) Subsections 810(4) and (5) apply, with any modifications that the circumstances require, to proceedings under this section.
Notes explicativesCode criminel
Article 1 : Texte de l’intertitre et des articles 83.28 à 83.3 (lesquels ont cessé d’avoir effet le 1er mars 2007) :
Investigation
83.28 (1) Au présent article et à l’article 83.29, « juge » s’entend d’un juge de la cour provinciale ou d’un juge d’une cour supérieure de juridiction criminelle.
(2) Sous réserve du paragraphe (3), l’agent de la paix peut, pour la conduite d’une enquête relative à une infraction de terrorisme, demander à un juge, en l’absence de toute autre partie, de rendre une ordonnance autorisant la recherche de renseignements.
(3) L’agent de la paix ne peut présenter la demande que s’il a obtenu le consentement préalable du procureur général.
(4) Saisi de la demande, le juge peut rendre l’ordonnance s’il est convaincu que le consentement du procureur général a été obtenu en conformité avec le paragraphe (3) et :
a) ou bien il existe des motifs raisonnables de croire, à la fois :
(i) qu’une infraction de terrorisme a été commise,
(ii) que des renseignements relatifs à l’infraction ou susceptibles de révéler le lieu où se trouve un individu que l’agent de la paix soupçonne de l’avoir commise sont susceptibles d’être obtenus en vertu de l’ordonnance;
b) ou bien sont réunis les éléments suivants :
(i) il existe des motifs raisonnables de croire qu’une infraction de terrorisme sera commise,
(ii) il existe des motifs raisonnables de croire qu’une personne a des renseignements directs et pertinents relatifs à une infraction de terrorisme visée au sous-alinéa (i) ou de nature à révéler le lieu où se trouve l’individu que l’agent de la paix soupçonne d’être susceptible de commettre une telle infraction de terrorisme,
(iii) des efforts raisonnables ont été déployés pour obtenir les renseignements visés au sous-alinéa (ii) de la personne qui y est visée.
(5) L’ordonnance peut contenir les dispositions suivantes :
a) l’ordre de procéder à l’interrogatoire, sous serment ou non, d’une personne désignée;
b) l’ordre à cette personne de se présenter au lieu que le juge ou le juge désigné au titre de l’alinéa d) fixe pour l’interrogatoire et de demeurer présente jusqu’à ce qu’elle soit libérée par le juge qui préside;
c) l’ordre à cette personne d’apporter avec elle toute chose qu’elle a en sa possession ou à sa disposition afin de la remettre au juge qui préside;
d) la désignation d’un autre juge pour présider l’interrogatoire;
e) les modalités que le juge estime indiquées, notamment quant à la protection des droits de la personne que l’ordonnance vise ou de ceux des tiers, ou quant à la protection de toute investigation en cours.
(6) L’ordonnance peut être exécutée en tout lieu au Canada.
(7) Le juge qui a rendu l’ordonnance ou un autre juge du même tribunal peut modifier les conditions de celle-ci.
(8) La personne visée par l’ordonnance répond aux questions qui lui sont posées par le procureur général ou son représentant, et remet au juge qui préside les choses exigées par l’ordonnance, mais peut refuser de le faire dans la mesure où la réponse aux questions ou la remise de choses révélerait des renseignements protégés par le droit applicable en matière de divulgation ou de privilèges.
(9) Le juge qui préside statue sur toute objection ou question concernant le refus de répondre à une question ou de lui remettre une chose.
(10) Nul n’est dispensé de répondre aux questions ou de produire une chose aux termes du paragraphe (8) pour la raison que la réponse ou la chose remise peut tendre à l’incriminer ou à l’exposer à quelque procédure ou pénalité, mais :
a) la réponse donnée ou la chose remise aux termes du paragraphe (8) ne peut être utilisée ou admise contre lui dans le cadre de poursuites criminelles, sauf en ce qui concerne les poursuites prévues aux articles 132 ou 136;
b) aucune preuve provenant de la preuve obtenue de la personne ne peut être utilisée ou admise contre elle dans le cadre de poursuites criminelles, sauf en ce qui concerne les poursuites prévues aux articles 132 ou 136.
(11) Toute personne a le droit d’engager un avocat et de lui donner des instructions en tout état de cause.
(12) Si le juge qui préside est convaincu qu’une chose remise pendant l’interrogatoire est susceptible d’être utile à l’enquête relative à une infraction de terrorisme, il peut ordonner que cette chose soit confiée à la garde de l’agent de la paix ou à une personne qui agit pour son compte.
83.29 (1) Le juge qui a rendu l’ordonnance au titre du paragraphe 83.28(4) ou un autre juge du même tribunal peut délivrer un mandat autorisant l’arrestation de la personne visée par l’ordonnance à la suite d’une dénonciation écrite faite sous serment, s’il est convaincu :
a) soit qu’elle se soustrait à la signification de l’ordonnance;
b) soit qu’elle est sur le point de s’esquiver;
c) soit qu’elle ne s’est pas présentée ou n’est pas demeurée présente en conformité avec l’ordonnance.
(2) Le mandat d’arrestation peut être exécuté en tout lieu au Canada par tout agent de la paix qui a compétence en ce lieu.
(3) L’agent de la paix qui arrête une personne en exécution du mandat la conduit ou la fait conduire immédiatement devant le juge qui a délivré le mandat ou un autre juge du même tribunal; le juge peut alors, afin de faciliter l’exécution de l’ordonnance, ordonner que cette personne soit mise sous garde ou libérée sur engagement, avec ou sans caution.
Engagement assorti de conditions
83.3 (1) Le dépôt d’une dénonciation au titre du paragraphe (2) est subordonné au consentement préalable du procureur général.
(2) Sous réserve du paragraphe (1), l’agent de la paix peut déposer une dénonciation devant un juge de la cour provinciale si, à la fois :
a) il a des motifs raisonnables de croire qu’une activité terroriste sera mise à exécution;
b) il a des motifs raisonnables de soupçonner que l’imposition, à une personne, d’un engagement assorti de conditions ou son arrestation est nécessaire pour éviter la mise à exécution de l’activité terroriste.
(3) Le juge qui reçoit la dénonciation peut faire comparaître la personne devant lui.
(4) Par dérogation aux paragraphes (2) et (3), l’agent de la paix, s’il a des motifs raisonnables de soupçonner que la mise sous garde de la personne est nécessaire afin de l’empêcher de mettre à exécution une activité terroriste, peut, sans mandat, arrêter la personne et la faire mettre sous garde en vue de la conduire devant un juge de la cour provinciale en conformité avec le paragraphe (6) dans l’un ou l’autre des cas suivants :
a) l’urgence de la situation rend difficilement réalisable le dépôt d’une dénonciation au titre du paragraphe (2) et les motifs visés aux alinéas (2)a) et b) sont réunis;
b) une dénonciation a été déposée au titre du paragraphe (2) et une sommation décernée.
(5) Si, dans le cas visé à l’alinéa (4)a), l’agent de la paix arrête une personne sans mandat, il dépose une dénonciation au titre du paragraphe (2) au plus tard dans le délai prévu aux alinéas (6)a) ou b), ou met la personne en liberté.
(6) La personne mise sous garde est conduite devant un juge de la cour provinciale selon les règles ci-après, à moins que, à un moment quelconque avant l’expiration du délai prévu aux alinéas a) ou b), l’agent de la paix ou le fonctionnaire responsable, au sens de la partie XV, étant convaincu qu’elle devrait être mise en liberté inconditionnellement, ne la mette ainsi en liberté :
a) si un juge de la cour provinciale est disponible dans un délai de vingt-quatre heures après l’arrestation, elle est conduite devant un juge de ce tribunal sans retard injustifié et, à tout le moins, dans ce délai;
b) si un juge de la cour provinciale n’est pas disponible dans un délai de vingt-quatre heures après l’arrestation, elle est conduite devant un juge de ce tribunal le plus tôt possible.
(7) Dans le cas où la personne est conduite devant le juge au titre du paragraphe (6) :
a) si aucune dénonciation n’a été déposée au titre du paragraphe (2), le juge ordonne qu’elle soit mise en liberté;
b) si une dénonciation a été déposée au titre du paragraphe (2) :
(i) le juge ordonne que la personne soit mise en liberté, sauf si l’agent de la paix qui a déposé la dénonciation fait valoir que sa mise sous garde est justifiée pour un des motifs suivants :
(A) sa détention est nécessaire pour assurer sa comparution devant un juge de la cour provinciale conformément au paragraphe (8),
(B) sa détention est nécessaire pour la protection ou la sécurité du public, notamment celle d’un témoin, eu égard aux circonstances, y compris :
(I) la probabilité que, si la personne est mise en liberté, une activité terroriste sera mise à exécution,
(II) toute probabilité marquée que la personne, si elle est mise en liberté, nuira à l’administration de la justice,
(C) il est démontré une autre juste cause et, sans préjudice de ce qui précède, que sa détention est nécessaire pour ne pas miner la confiance du public envers l’administration de la justice, compte tenu de toutes les circonstances, notamment le fait que les motifs de l’agent de la paix au titre du paragraphe (2) paraissent fondés, et la gravité de toute activité terroriste qui peut être mise à exécution,
(ii) le juge peut ajourner la comparution prévue au paragraphe (8) mais, si la personne n’est pas mise en liberté, l’ajournement ne peut excéder quarante-huit heures.
(8) Le juge devant lequel la personne comparaît au titre du paragraphe (3) :
a) peut, s’il est convaincu par la preuve apportée que les soupçons de l’agent de la paix sont fondés sur des motifs raisonnables, ordonner que la personne contracte l’engagement de ne pas troubler l’ordre public et d’observer une bonne conduite pour une période maximale de douze mois, ainsi que de se conformer aux autres conditions raisonnables énoncées dans l’engagement, y compris celle visée au paragraphe (10), que le juge estime souhaitables pour prévenir la mise à exécution d’une activité terroriste;
b) si la personne n’a pas été mise en liberté au titre du sous-alinéa (7)b)(i), ordonne qu’elle soit mise en liberté, sous réserve, le cas échéant, de l’engagement imposé conformément à l’alinéa a).
(9) Le juge peut infliger à la personne qui omet ou refuse de contracter l’engagement une peine de prison maximale de douze mois.
(10) Le juge qui, en vertu de l’alinéa (8)a), rend une ordonnance doit, s’il estime qu’il est souhaitable pour la sécurité de la personne, ou pour celle d’autrui, de lui interdire d’avoir en sa possession une arme à feu, une arbalète, une arme prohibée, une arme à autorisation restreinte, un dispositif prohibé, des munitions, des munitions prohibées ou des substances explosives, ordonner que la personne contracte l’engagement de n’avoir aucun des objets visés en sa possession pour la période indiquée dans l’engagement.
(11) Le cas échéant, l’ordonnance prévoit la façon de remettre, de détenir ou d’entreposer les objets visés au paragraphe (10) qui sont en la possession de la personne, ou d’en disposer, et de remettre les autorisations, permis et certificats d’enregistrement dont la personne est titulaire.
(12) Le juge, s’il n’assortit pas l’ordonnance d’une condition prévue au paragraphe (10), est tenu de donner ses motifs, qui sont consignés au dossier de l’instance.
(13) Le juge peut, sur demande de l’agent de la paix, du procureur général ou de la personne, modifier les conditions fixées dans l’engagement.
(14) Les paragraphes 810(4) et (5) s’appliquent, avec les adaptations nécessaires, aux procédures engagées en vertu du présent article.
Investigative Hearing
Definition of “judge”
83.28 (1) In this section and section 83.29, “judge” means a provincial court judge or a judge of a superior court of criminal jurisdiction.
Order for gathering information
(2) Subject to subsection (3), a peace officer may, for the purposes of an investigation of a terrorism offence, apply ex parte to a judge for an order for the gathering of information.
Attorney General’s consent
(3) A peace officer may make an application under subsection (2) only if the Attorney General’s prior consent was obtained.
Making of order
(4) The judge to whom the application is made may make an order for the gathering of information if they are satisfied that the Attorney General’s consent was obtained as required by subsection (3), and
(a) that there are reasonable grounds to believe that
(i) a terrorism offence has been committed,
(ii) information concerning the offence, or information that may reveal the whereabouts of a person suspected by the peace officer of having committed the offence, is likely to be obtained as a result of the order, and
(iii) reasonable attempts have been made to obtain the information referred to in subparagraph (ii) by other means; or
(b) that
(i) there are reasonable grounds to believe that a terrorism offence will be committed,
(ii) there are reasonable grounds to believe that a person has direct and material information that relates to the offence referred to in subparagraph (i), or that may reveal the whereabouts of an individ- ual who the peace officer suspects may commit the offence referred to in that subparagraph, and
(iii) reasonable attempts have been made to obtain the information referred to in subparagraph (ii) by other means.
Contents of order
(5) An order made under subsection (4) shall order the examination, on oath or not, of the person named in the order and require the person to attend at the place fixed by the judge, or by the judge designated under paragraph (b), as the case may be, for the examination and to remain in attendance until excused by the presiding judge, and may
(a) order the person to bring to the examination any thing in their possession or control, and produce it to the presiding judge;
(b) designate another judge as the judge before whom the examination is to take place; and
(c) include any other terms or conditions that the judge considers desirable, including terms or conditions for the protection of the interests of the person named in the order and of third parties or for the protection of any ongoing investigation.
Execution of order
(6) The order may be executed anywhere in Canada.
Variation of order
(7) The judge who made the order, or another judge of the same court, may vary its terms and conditions.
Obligation to answer questions and produce things
(8) A person named in an order made under subsection (4) shall answer questions put to them by the Attorney General or the Attorney General’s agent, and shall produce to the presiding judge things that the person was ordered to bring, but may refuse if answering a question or producing a thing would disclose information that is protected by any law relating to privilege or to disclosure of information.
Judge to rule
(9) The presiding judge shall rule on any objection or other issue relating to a refusal to answer a question or to produce a thing.
No person excused from complying with subsection (8)
(10) No person shall be excused from answering a question or producing a thing under subsection (8) on the ground that the answer or thing may tend to incriminate them or subject them to any proceeding or penalty, but
(a) no answer given or thing produced under subsection (8) shall be used or received against the person in any criminal proceedings against them, other than a prosecution under section 132 or 136; and
(b) no evidence derived from the evidence obtained from the person shall be used or received against the person in any criminal proceedings against them, other than a prosecution under section 132 or 136.
Right to counsel
(11) A person has the right to retain and instruct counsel at any stage of the proceedings.
Order for custody of thing
(12) The presiding judge, if satisfied that any thing produced during the course of the examination will likely be relevant to the investigation of any terrorism offence, may order that the thing be given into the custody of the peace officer or someone acting on the peace officer’s behalf.
Arrest warrant
83.29 (1) The judge who made the order under subsection 83.28(4), or another judge of the same court, may issue a warrant for the arrest of the person named in the order if the judge is satisfied, on an information in writing and under oath, that the person
(a) is evading service of the order;
(b) is about to abscond; or
(c) did not attend the examination, or did not remain in attendance, as required by the order.
Execution of warrant
(2) The warrant may be executed at any place in Canada by any peace officer having jurisdiction in that place.
Person to be brought before judge
(3) A peace officer who arrests a person in the execution of the warrant shall, without delay, bring the person, or cause them to be brought, before the judge who issued the warrant or another judge of the same court. The judge in question may, to ensure compliance with the order, order that the person be detained in custody or released on recognizance, with or without sureties.
Application of section 707
(4) Section 707 applies, with any necessary modifications, to persons detained in custody under this section.
Recognizance with Conditions
Attorney General’s consent
83.3 (1) The Attorney General’s consent is required before a peace officer may lay an information under subsection (2).
Terrorist activity
(2) Subject to subsection (1), a peace officer may lay an information before a provincial court judge if the peace officer
(a) believes on reasonable grounds that a terrorist activity will be carried out; and
(b) suspects on reasonable grounds that the imposition of a recognizance with conditions on a person, or the arrest of a person, is necessary to prevent the carrying out of the terrorist activity.
Appearance
(3) The judge who receives the information may cause the person to appear before any provincial court judge.
Arrest without warrant
(4) Despite subsections (2) and (3), a peace officer may arrest a person without a warrant and cause the person to be detained in custody, in order to bring them before a provincial court judge in accordance with subsection (6), if
(a) either
(i) the grounds for laying an information referred to in paragraphs (2)(a) and (b) exist but, by reason of exigent circumstances, it would be impracticable to lay an information under subsection (2), or
(ii) an information has been laid under subsection (2) and a summons has been issued; and
(b) the peace officer suspects on reasonable grounds that the detention of the person in custody is necessary in order to prevent a terrorist activity.
Duty of peace officer
(5) If a peace officer arrests a person without a warrant in the circumstance described in subparagraph (4)(a)(i), the peace officer shall, within the time prescribed by paragraph (6)(a) or (b),
(a) lay an information in accordance with subsection (2); or
(b) release the person.
When person to be taken before judge
(6) Unless a peace officer, or an officer in charge as defined in Part XVI, is satisfied that a person should be released from custody unconditionally before their appearance before a provincial court judge in accordance with the rules in paragraph (a) or (b), and so releases the person, the person detained in custody shall be taken before a provincial court judge in accordance with the following rules:
(a) if a provincial court judge is available within 24 hours after the person has been arrested, the person shall be taken before a provincial court judge without unreasonable delay and in any event within that period; and
(b) if a provincial court judge is not available within 24 hours after the person has been arrested, the person shall be taken before a provincial court judge as soon as feasible.
How person dealt with
(7) When a person is taken before a provincial court judge under subsection (6),
(a) if an information has not been laid under subsection (2), the judge shall order that the person be released; or
(b) if an information has been laid under subsection (2),
(i) the judge shall order that the person be released unless the peace officer who laid the information shows cause why the person’s detention in custody is justified on one or more of the following grounds:
(A) the detention is necessary to ensure the person’s appearance before a provincial court judge in order to be dealt with in accordance with subsection (8),
(B) the detention is necessary for the protection or safety of the public, including any witness, having regard to all the circumstances including
(I) the likelihood that, if the person is released from custody, a terrorist activity will be carried out, and
(II) any substantial likelihood that the person will, if released from custody, interfere with the administration of justice, and
(C) the detention is necessary to maintain confidence in the administration of justice, having regard to all the circumstances, including the apparent strength of the peace officer’s grounds under subsection (2), and the gravity of any terrorist activity that may be carried out, and
(ii) the judge may adjourn the matter for a hearing under subsection (8) but, if the person is not released under subparagraph (i), the adjournment may not exceed 48 hours.
Hearing before judge
(8) The judge before whom the person appears in accordance with subsection (3)
(a) may, if satisfied by the evidence adduced that the peace officer has reasonable grounds for the suspicion, order that the person enter into a recognizance to keep the peace and be of good behaviour for any period that does not exceed 12 months and to comply with any other reasonable conditions prescribed in the recognizance, including the condition set out in subsection (10), that the judge considers desirable for preventing the carrying out of a terrorist activity; and
(b) if the person was not released under subparagraph (7)(b)(i), shall order that the person be released, subject to the recognizance, if any, ordered under paragraph (a).
Refusal to enter into recognizance
(9) The judge may commit the person to prison for a term not exceeding 12 months if the person fails or refuses to enter into the recognizance.
Conditions — firearms
(10) Before making an order under paragraph (8)(a), the judge shall consider whether it is desirable, in the interests of the safety of the person or of any other person, to include as a condition of the recognizance that the person be prohibited from possessing any firearm, cross-bow, prohibited weapon, restricted weapon, prohibited device, ammunition, prohibited ammunition or explosive substance, or all of those things, for any period specified in the recognizance, and if the judge decides that it is so desirable, they shall add the condition to the recognizance.
Surrender, etc.
(11) If the judge adds the condition described in subsection (10) to a recognizance, they shall specify in it the manner and method by which
(a) the things referred to in that subsection that are in the person’s possession shall be surrendered, disposed of, detained, stored or dealt with; and
(b) the authorizations, licences and registration certificates that are held by the person shall be surrendered.
Reasons
(12) If the judge does not add the condition to a recognizance, they shall include in the record a statement of the reasons for not adding it.
Variance of conditions
(13) The judge may, on application of the peace officer, the Attorney General or the person, vary the conditions fixed in the recognizance.
Other provisions to apply
(14) Subsections 810(4) and (5) apply, with any necessary modifications, to proceedings under this section.
2. (1) Section 83.31 of the Act is amended by adding the following after subsection (1):
Clause 2: (1) and (2) New.
Article 2 : (1) et (2) Nouveau.
Attorney General’s opinion
(1.1) The Attorney General of Canada shall include in the annual report under subsection (1) his or her opinion, supported by reasons, on whether the operation of sections 83.28 and 83.29 should be extended.
(2) Section 83.31 of the Act is amended by adding the following after subsection (3):
Opinions
(3.1) The Attorney General of Canada and the Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness shall include in their annual reports under subsections (2) and (3), respectively, their opinion, supported by reasons, on whether the operation of section 83.3 should be extended.
2001, c. 41, s. 4
3. (1) Subsections 83.32(1) and (2) of the Act are replaced by the following:
Clause 3: (1) Existing text of subsections 83.32(1) and (2):
83.32 (1) Sections 83.28, 83.29 and 83.3 cease to apply at the end of the fifteenth sitting day of Parliament after December 31, 2006 unless, before the end of that day, the application of those sections is extended by a resolution — the text of which is established under subsection (2) — passed by both Houses of Parliament in accordance with the rules set out in subsection (3).
(2) The Governor General in Council may, by order, establish the text of a resolution providing for the extension of the application of sections 83.28, 83.29 and 83.3 and specifying the period of the extension, which may not exceed five years from the first day on which the resolution has been passed by both Houses of Parliament.
Article 3 : (1) Texte des paragraphes 83.32(1) et (2) :
83.32 (1) Les articles 83.28, 83.29 et 83.3 cessent de s’appliquer à la fin du quinzième jour de séance postérieur au 31 décembre 2006, sauf si, avant la fin de ce jour, ces articles sont prorogés par résolution — dont le texte est établi au titre du paragraphe (2) — adoptée par les deux chambres du Parlement conformément aux règles prévues au paragraphe (3).
(2) Le gouverneur en conseil peut, par décret, établir le texte de la résolution prévoyant la prorogation des articles 83.28, 83.29 et 83.3 et précisant la durée de la prorogation, à concurrence d’un maximum de cinq ans à compter de la date à laquelle la deuxième chambre a adopté la résolution.
Sunset provision
83.32 (1) Sections 83.28, 83.29 and 83.3 cease to have effect at the end of the 15th sitting day of Parliament after the fifth anniversary of the coming into force of this subsection unless, before the end of that day, the operation of those sections is extended by resolution — whose text is established under subsection (2) — passed by both Houses of Parliament in accordance with the rules set out in subsection (3).
Review
(1.1) A comprehensive review of sections 83.28, 83.29 and 83.3 and their operation shall be undertaken by any committee of the Senate, of the House of Commons or of both Houses of Parliament that may be designated or established by the Senate or the House of Commons, or by both Houses of Parliament, as the case may be, for that purpose.
Report
(1.2) The committee referred to in subsection (1.1) shall, within a year after a review is undertaken under that subsection or within any further time that may be authorized by the Senate, the House of Commons or both Houses of Parliament, as the case may be, submit a report on the review to Parliament, including its recommendation with respect to extending the operation of section 83.28, 83.29 or 83.3.
Order in council
(2) The Governor in Council may, by order, establish the text of a resolution that provides for the extension of the operation of section 83.28, 83.29 or 83.3 and that specifies the period of the extension, which may not exceed five years from the first day on which the resolution has been passed by both Houses of Parliament.
2001, c. 41, s. 4
(2) Subsection 83.32(4) of the Act is replaced by the following:
(2) Existing text of subsection 83.32(4):
(4) The application of sections 83.28, 83.29 and 83.3 may be further extended in accordance with the procedure set out in this section, with the words “December 31, 2006” in subsection (1) read as “the expiration of the most recent extension under this section”.
(2) Texte du paragraphe 83.32(4) :
(4) L’application des articles 83.28, 83.29 et 83.3 peut être prorogée par la suite en conformité avec le présent article, la mention « au 31 décembre 2006 », au paragraphe (1), étant alors remplacée par « à la dernière prorogation adoptée conformément au présent article ».
Subsequent extensions
(4) The operation of section 83.28, 83.29 or 83.3 may be further extended in accordance with the procedure set out in this section, but the reference to “the fifth anniversary of the coming into force of this subsection” in subsection (1) is to be read as a reference to “the expiry of the most recent extension under this section”.
2001, c. 41, s. 4
4. Section 83.33 of the Act is replaced by the following:
Clause 4: Existing text of section 83.33:
83.33 (1) In the event that sections 83.28 and 83.29 cease to apply pursuant to section 83.32, proceedings commenced under those sections shall be completed if the hearing before the judge of the application made under subsection 83.28(2) began before those sections ceased to apply.
(2) In the event that section 83.3 ceases to apply pursuant to section 83.32, a person detained in custody under section 83.3 shall be released when that section ceases to apply, except that subsections 83.3(7) to (14) continue to apply to a person who was taken before a judge under subsection 83.3(6) before section 83.3 ceased to apply.
Article 4 : Texte de l’article 83.33 :
83.33 (1) Dans le cas où, conformément à l’article 83.32, les articles 83.28 et 83.29 cessent de s’appliquer, les procédures engagées au titre de ces articles sont menées à terme si l’audition de la demande présentée au titre du paragraphe 83.28(2) a commencé avant la cessation d’effet de ces articles.
(2) Dans le cas où, conformément à l’article 83.32, l’article 83.3 cesse de s’appliquer, la personne mise sous garde au titre de cet article est mise en liberté à la date de cessation d’effet de cet article, sauf que les paragraphes 83.3(7) à (14) continuent de s’appliquer à la personne qui a été conduite devant le juge au titre du paragraphe 83.3(6) avant cette date.
Transitional provision — sections 83.28 and 83.29
83.33 (1) In the event that sections 83.28 and 83.29 cease to have effect in accordance with section 83.32, proceedings commenced under those sections shall be completed if the hearing before the judge of the application made under subsection 83.28(2) began before those sections ceased to have effect.
Transitional provision — section 83.3
(2) In the event that section 83.3 ceases to have effect in accordance with section 83.32, a person detained in custody under section 83.3 shall be released when that section ceases to have effect, except that subsections 83.3(7) to (14) continue to apply to a person who was taken before a judge under subsection 83.3(6) before section 83.3 ceased to have effect.
Coming into force
5. This Act comes into force on a day to be fixed by order of the Governor in Council.
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