huashen218/convxai-cia-dataset huggingface dataset:
Title: Morphic: Auto-Personalization on a Global Scale
Authors: family: Vanderheiden
given: Gregg; family: Lazar
given: Jonathan; family: Jordan
given: J. Bern; family: Ding
given: Yao; family: Wood
given: Rachel E.
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Users frequently have trouble finding and changing technology settings, even when adjusting those settings to personalize their technology devices may significantly improve their user experience. This paper describes the Morphic project, a cloud-based auto-personalization tool. Primarily designed for improving accessibility, the auto-personalization in Morphic may also help a broader audience. This paper describes: 1) the technical infrastructure needed to support cloud-based auto-personalization, 2) the interaction design approaches necessary to support users during the personalization of their settings, and 3) which settings and modifications have been most frequently used. This paper presents the evolution of the Morphic project, the building of the infrastructure, the formative evaluation of various interaction design approaches (NFC cards, physical keypads, on-screen buttons, and menus), and implications for researchers and developers. It also includes preliminary findings from six technology probes.
Title: Clinical Documentation as End-User Programming
Authors: family: Rule
given: Adam; family: Goldstein
given: Isaac H.; family: Chiang
given: Michael F.; family: Hribar
given: Michelle R.
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: As healthcare providers have transitioned from paper to electronic health records they have gained access to increasingly sophisticated documentation aids such as custom note templates. However, little is known about how providers use these aids. To address this gap, we examine how 48 ophthalmologists and their staff create and use content-importing phrases — a customizable and composable form of note template — to document office visits across two years. In this case study, we find 1) content-importing phrases were used to document the vast majority of visits (95%), 2) most content imported by these phrases was structured data imported by data-links rather than boilerplate text, and 3) providers primarily used phrases they had created while staff largely used phrases created by other people. We conclude by discussing how framing clinical documentation as end-user programming can inform the design of electronic health records and other documentation systems mixing data and narrative text.
Title: Meeting Designers Where They Are: Using Industry Events as a Research Venue for HCI and Design Methods Development
Authors: family: Lockton
given: Dan; family: Lallemand
given: Carine
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: There is much work in the CHI community about the 'industry-academia divide', and how to bridge it. One key crossover between HCI/UX scientists and practitioners is the development and use of tools and methods-boundary objects between academia and practice. Among other forms of collaboration, there is an underdeveloped opportunity for academics to make use of industry events (conferences, meetups, design jams) as a research venue in the context of tool and method development. This paper describes three cases from work in academia-industry engagement over the last decade, in which workshops or experiments have been run at industry events as a way of trialling and developing tools directly with practitioners. We discuss advantages of this approach and extract key insights and practical implications, highlighting how the CHI community might use this method more widely, gathering relevant research outcomes while contributing to knowledge exchange between academia and practice.
Title: 2Across: A Comparison of Audio-Tactile and Screen-Reader based Representations of a Crossword Puzzle
Authors: family: Rao
given: Hrishikesh V.; family: O'Modhrain
given: Sile
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Crosswords are a popular recreational game that relies on the spatial relationship between words. As a player answers clues, they begin to organize words to form an intersecting grid. A good non-visual representation should convey the interrelation of words and support the user in building a practical spatial image of the crossword grid. This paper looks at two approaches to representing a crossword puzzle for visually impaired users: a screen reader based crossword, and an audio-tactile crossword puzzle. We evaluate the designs in a study with 10 visually impaired participants. The audio-tactile representation was found to support the practical use of the crossword's spatial structure while the screen reader based puzzle leveraged participant's prior experience in navigating websites. The paper discusses critical aspects of our study and presents a perspective on the use of multimodal interfaces for such spatial applications.
Title: Utilizing Participant Voice in Volunteer Training
Authors: family: Varghese
given: Delvin; family: Rainey
given: Jay; family: Montague
given: Kyle; family: Bartindale
given: Tom; family: Olivier
given: Patrick; family: Baillie Smith
given: Matt
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Delivering training to volunteers is a huge challenge for non-governmental organisations (NGOs). Traditional classroom-based approaches that dominate training are problematic due to the limited participation they offer to trainees. Peer-led approaches however, have shown promise in helping NGOs utilise trainee experiences within training. Although technologies are playing an increasing role in training, their benefits are not well understood. We describe our experience of designing peer-led training for community volunteers in rural India. Working alongside an NGO involved in community regeneration and social action, we collaboratively delivered a ten-day training workshop, deploying audio technologies to engage the participants in sharing lived experiences. We draw on reflections from trainers and trainees on how utilising participant voice can enhance training. We highlight opportunities around the usage of audio technologies for engaging with participant voice, including the ability to reclaim trainee agency within training and to work within cultural barriers.
Title: A Conversation Analysis of Non-Progress and Coping Strategies with a Banking Task-Oriented Chatbot
Authors: family: Li
given: Chi-Hsun; family: Yeh
given: Su-Fang; family: Chang
given: Tang-Jie; family: Tsai
given: Meng-Hsuan; family: Chen
given: Ken; family: Chang
given: Yung-Ju
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Task-oriented chatbots are becoming popular alternatives for fulfilling users' needs, but few studies have investigated how users cope with conversational 'non-progress' (NP) in their daily lives. Accordingly, we analyzed a three-month conversation log between 1,685 users and a task-oriented banking chatbot. In this data, we observed 12 types of conversational NP; five types of content that was unexpected and challenging for the chatbot to recognize; and 10 types of coping strategies. Moreover, we identified specific relationships between NP types and strategies, as well as signs that users were about to abandon the chatbot, including 1) three consecutive incidences of NP, 2) consecutive use of message reformulation or switching subjects, and 3) using message reformulation as the final strategy. Based on these findings, we provide design recommendations for task-oriented chatbots, aimed at reducing NP, guiding users through such NP, and improving user experiences to reduce the cessation of chatbot use.
Title: Introducing the Gamer Information-Control Framework: Enabling Access to Digital Games for People with Visual Impairment
Authors: family: Andrade
given: Ronny; family: Rogerson
given: Melissa J.; family: Waycott
given: Jenny; family: Baker
given: Steven; family: Vetere
given: Frank
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: In this paper, we present a foundation for understanding the elements that enable people with visual impairment to engage with digital games. This is defined by the gamer's relation- ships with information and with elements of control provided by the game, and is mediated through in-game metaphors and affordances when gamers interact as users or creators. This work complements previous research exploring the points of view of gamers with visual impairment by focusing on the games they play and prioritising the relationships between the key enablers of access to digital games. Using the framework to examine existing and missing components will enable de- signers to consider broader aspects of accessibility in game design.
Title: MirrorPad: Mirror on Touchpad for Direct Pen Interaction in the Laptop Environment
Authors: family: Lee
given: Sangyoon; family: Lim
given: Youn-kyung; family: Lee
given: Geehyuk
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: There are needs for pen interaction on a laptop, and the market sees many pen-enabled laptop products. Many of these laptops can be transformed into tablets, when pen interaction is needed. In a real situation, however, a workflow often requires both keyboard and pen interactions, and such a convertible feature may not be effective. In this study, we introduce MirrorPad, a novel interface device contained in a laptop for direct pen interaction. It is both a normal touchpad and a viewport for pen interaction with a mirrored region on the screen. We report findings and decisions obtained from the design iterations that we conducted with users to refine MirrorPad toward the final design. In the user study, MirrorPad showed the same performance as that of the laptop configuration during keyboard interaction and a performance similar to that of the tablet configuration during pen interaction. The user study results confirmed that MirrorPad effectively supports a workflow, which requires interspersed keyboard and pen interactions, thereby achieving its initial goal.
Title: Effects of Credibility Indicators on Social Media News Sharing Intent
Authors: family: Yaqub
given: Waheeb; family: Kakhidze
given: Otari; family: Brockman
given: Morgan L.; family: Memon
given: Nasir; family: Patil
given: Sameer
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: In recent years, social media services have been leveraged to spread fake news stories. Helping people spot fake stories by marking them with credibility indicators could dissuade them from sharing such stories, thus reducing their amplification. We carried out an online study (N = 1,512) to explore the impact of four types of credibility indicators on people's intent to share news headlines with their friends on social media. We confirmed that credibility indicators can indeed decrease the propensity to share fake news. However, the impact of the indicators varied, with fact checking services being the most effective. We further found notable differences in responses to the indicators based on demographic and personal characteristics and social media usage frequency. Our findings have important implications for curbing the spread of misinformation via social media platforms.
Title: Too Much Information: Questioning Security in a Post-Digital Society
Authors: family: Coles-Kemp
given: Lizzie; family: Jensen
given: Rikke Bjerg; family: Heath
given: Claude P. R.
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Whilst user- and people-centered design are accepted routes for digital services, they are less commonly used in the design of technologies that control access to data and the security of information. The ubiquity of both technology and programmes such as "digital by default" as well as the weaving of digital systems into the everyday fabric of society, create an environment in which people and technology become enmeshed. Such an environment might be termed "post-digital" and its security is dependent on a people-centered approach to its design. In this paper we present a study that uses critical design techniques coupled with critical security analysis to examine how security might be approached in a post-digital context. We call for a paradigm shift towards a people-centered security practice and using a case study then make practical recommendations as to how this shift might be achieved.
Title: PIP Kit: An Exploratory Investigation into using Lifelogging to support Disability Benefit Claimants
Authors: family: Watson
given: Colin; family: Kirkham
given: Reuben; family: Kharrufa
given: Ahmed
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Disability assessment processes are complex and stressful, with claimants finding it challenging to prepare an effective account of their disabilities to support their claim. This project focuses on a disability benefit called Personal Independence Payment (PIP), which is received by millions of people with disabilities in the UK. We present a multi-stage exploratory investigation into how lifelogging could help address the challenges claimants have in accessing disability benefits. In the first study, benefit advisors participated in interviews and workshops to inform the design of PIP Kit, a highly customisable prototype elicitation diary to help disability claimants articulate their experiences. In the second study, PIP Kit was trialled by benefit claimants whilst making their actual PIP claims. We found that PIP Kit helped empower claimants in understanding the claim process and assisted in building arguments for their claims. We also have identified clear principles for supporting disability benefit claimants with technological interventions.
Title: Officers Never Type: Examining the Persistence of Paper in e-Governance
Authors: family: Marathe
given: Megh; family: Chandra
given: Priyank
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: The Global South has seen a proliferation of e-governance initiatives aimed at digitizing governmental service delivery. However, paper continues to remain the primary medium of bureaucracy. During ethnographic fieldwork at the CM Helpline, a state-wide e-governance initiative in central India, we observed that even tech-savvy bureaucrats who fully supported both the initiative and its paper-to-electronic transition ensured that paper continues to persist in abundance. Drawing upon scholarship from HCI, anthropology, and science & technology studies, we theorize this contradiction to uncover the circulations of power between people, paper, and electronic systems. We suggest that designers should recognize that new systems often disempower existing actors. The process of transition should integrate new systems into the existing ecosystem and plan for the graceful retirement of older technologies. In addition to machine errors, systems should be resilient to human errors. Finally, new systems should attend to sociocultural and historical specificities.
Title: Swap: A Replacement-based Text Revision Technique for Mobile Devices
Authors: family: Li
given: Yang; family: Sarcar
given: Sayan; family: Kim
given: Sunjun; family: Ren
given: Xiangshi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Text revision is an important task to ensure the accuracy of text content. Revising text on mobile devices is cumbersome and time-consuming due to the imprecise caret control and the repetitive use of the backspace. We present Swap, a novel replacement-based technique to facilitate text revision on mobile devices. We conducted two user studies to validate the feasibility and the effectiveness of Swap compared to traditional text revision techniques. Results showed that Swap reduced efforts in caret control and repetitive backspace pressing during the text revision process. Most participants preferred to use the replacement-based technique rather than backspace and caret. They also commented that the new technique is easy to learn, and it makes text revision rapid and intuitive.
Title: ArguLens: Anatomy of Community Opinions On Usability Issues Using Argumentation Models
Authors: family: Wang
given: Wenting; family: Arya
given: Deeksha; family: Novielli
given: Nicole; family: Cheng
given: Jinghui; family: Guo
given: Jin L.C.
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: In open-source software (OSS), the design of usability is often influenced by the discussions among community members on platforms such as issue tracking systems (ITSs). However, digesting the rich information embedded in issue discussions can be a major challenge due to the vast number and diversity of the comments. We propose and evaluate ArguLens, a conceptual framework and automated technique leveraging an argumentation model to support effective understanding and consolidation of community opinions in ITSs. Through content analysis, we anatomized highly discussed usability issues from a large, active OSS project, into their argumentation components and standpoints. We then experimented with supervised machine learning techniques for automated argument extraction. Finally, through a study with experienced ITS users, we show that the information provided by ArguLens supported the digestion of usability-related opinions and facilitated the review of lengthy issues. ArguLens provides the direction of designing valuable tools for high-level reasoning and effective discussion about usability.
Title: Interpreting Interpretability: Understanding Data Scientists' Use of Interpretability Tools for Machine Learning
Authors: family: Kaur
given: Harmanpreet; family: Nori
given: Harsha; family: Jenkins
given: Samuel; family: Caruana
given: Rich; family: Wallach
given: Hanna; family: Wortman Vaughan
given: Jennifer
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Machine learning (ML) models are now routinely deployed in domains ranging from criminal justice to healthcare. With this newfound ubiquity, ML has moved beyond academia and grown into an engineering discipline. To that end, interpretability tools have been designed to help data scientists and machine learning practitioners better understand how ML models work. However, there has been little evaluation of the extent to which these tools achieve this goal. We study data scientists' use of two existing interpretability tools, the InterpretML implementation of GAMs and the SHAP Python package. We conduct a contextual inquiry (N=11) and a survey (N=197) of data scientists to observe how they use interpretability tools to uncover common issues that arise when building and evaluating ML models. Our results indicate that data scientists over-trust and misuse interpretability tools. Furthermore, few of our participants were able to accurately describe the visualizations output by these tools. We highlight qualitative themes for data scientists' mental models of interpretability tools. We conclude with implications for researchers and tool designers, and contextualize our findings in the social science literature.
Title: Rapid Iron-On User Interfaces: Hands-on Fabrication of Interactive Textile Prototypes
Authors: family: Klamka
given: Konstantin; family: Dachselt
given: Raimund; family: Steimle
given: Jürgen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Rapid prototyping of interactive textiles is still challenging, since manual skills, several processing steps, and expert knowledge are involved. We present Rapid Iron-On User Interfaces, a novel fabrication approach for empowering designers and makers to enhance fabrics with interactive functionalities. It builds on heat-activated adhesive materials consisting of smart textiles and printed electronics, which can be flexibly ironed onto the fabric to create custom interface functionality. To support rapid fabrication in a sketching-like fashion, we developed a handheld dispenser tool for directly applying continuous functional tapes of desired length as well as discrete patches. We introduce versatile compositions techniques that allow for creating complex circuits, utilizing commodity textile accessories and sketching custom-shaped I/O modules. We further contribute a comprehensive library of components for input, output, wiring and computing. Three example applications, results from technical experiments and expert reviews demonstrate the functionality, versatility and potential of this approach.
Title: A Palette of Deepened Emotions: Exploring Emotional Challenge in Virtual Reality Games
Authors: family: Peng
given: Xiaolan; family: Huang
given: Jin; family: Denisova
given: Alena; family: Chen
given: Hui; family: Tian
given: Feng; family: Wang
given: Hongan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Recent work introduced the notion of 'emotional challenge' promising for understanding more unique and diverse player experiences (PX). Although emotional challenge has immediately attracted HCI researchers' attention, the concept has not been experimentally explored, especially in virtual reality (VR), one of the latest gaming environments. We conducted two experiments to investigate how emotional challenge affects PX when separately from or jointly with conventional challenge in VR and PC conditions. We found that relatively exclusive emotional challenge induced a wider range of different emotions in both conditions, while the adding of emotional challenge broadened emotional responses only in VR. In both experiments, VR significantly enhanced the measured PX of emotional responses, appreciation, immersion and presence. Our findings indicate that VR may be an ideal medium to present emotional challenge and also extend the understanding of emotional (and conventional) challenge in video games.
Title: Truncating the Y-Axis: Threat or Menace?
Authors: family: Correll
given: Michael; family: Bertini
given: Enrico; family: Franconeri
given: Steven
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Bar charts with y-axes that don't begin at zero can visually exaggerate effect sizes. However, advice for whether or not to truncate the y-axis can be equivocal for other visualization types. In this paper we present examples of visualizations where this y-axis truncation can be beneficial as well as harmful, depending on the communicative and analytic intent. We also present the results of a series of crowd-sourced experiments in which we examine how y-axis truncation impacts subjective effect size across visualization types, and we explore alternative designs that more directly alert viewers to this truncation. We find that the subjective impact of axis truncation is persistent across visualizations designs, even for designs with explicit visual cues that indicate truncation has taken place. We suggest that designers consider the scale of the meaningful effect sizes and variation they intend to communicate, regardless of the visual encoding.