huashen218/convxai-cia-dataset huggingface dataset:
Title: Beyond Team Makeup: Diversity in Teams Predicts Valued Outcomes in Computer-Mediated Collaborations
Authors: family: Stewart
given: Angela E.B.; family: Amon
given: Mary Jean; family: Duran
given: Nicholas D.; family: D'Mello
given: Sidney K.
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: In an increasingly globalized and service-oriented economy, people need to engage in computer-mediated collaborative problem solving (CPS) with diverse teams. However, teams routinely fail to live up to expectations, showcasing the need for technologies that help develop effective collaboration skills. We take a step in this direction by investigating how different dimensions of team diversity (demographic, personality, attitudes towards teamwork, prior domain experience) predict objective (e.g. effective solutions) and subjective (e.g. positive perceptions) collaborative outcomes. We collected data from 96 triads who engaged in a 30-minute CPS task via videoconferencing. We found that demographic diversity and differing attitudes towards teamwork predicted impressions of positive engagement, while personality diversity predicted learning outcomes. Importantly, these relationships were maintained after accounting for team makeup. None of the diversity measures predicted task performance. We discuss how our findings can be incorporated into technologies that aim to help diverse teams develop CPS skills.
Title: Defining Haptic Experience: Foundations for Understanding, Communicating, and Evaluating HX
Authors: family: Kim
given: Erin; family: Schneider
given: Oliver
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Haptic technology is maturing, with expectations and evidence that it will contribute to user experience (UX). However, we have very little understanding about how haptic technology can influence people's experience. Researchers and designers need a way to understand, communicate, and evaluate haptic technology's effect on UX. From a literature review and two studies - one with haptics novices, the other with expert hapticians - we developed a theoretical model of the factors that constitute a good haptic experience (HX). We define HX and propose its constituent factors: design parameters of Timeliness, Density, Intensity, and Timbre; the cross-cutting concern of Personalization; usability requirements of Utility, Causality, Consistency, and Saliency; and experiential factors of Harmony, Expressivity, Autotelics, Immersion, and Realism as guiding constructs important for haptic experience. This model will help guide design and research of haptic systems, inform language around haptics, and provide the basis for evaluative instruments, such as checklists, heuristics, or questionnaires.
Title: MaraVis: Representation and Coordinated Intervention of Medical Encounters in Urban Marathon
Authors: family: Li
given: Quan; family: Lin
given: Huanbin; family: Wei
given: Xiguang; family: Huang
given: Yangkun; family: Fan
given: Lixin; family: Du
given: Jian; family: Ma
given: Xiaojuan; family: Chen
given: Tianjian
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: There is an increased use of Internet-of-Things and wearable sensing devices in the urban marathon to ensure effective response to unforeseen medical needs. However, the massive amount of real-time, heterogeneous movement and psychological data of runners impose great challenges on prompt medical incident analysis and intervention. Conventional approaches compile such data into one dashboard visualization to facilitate rapid data absorption but fail to support joint decision-making and operations in medical encounters. In this paper, we present MaraVis, a real-time urban marathon visualization and coordinated intervention system. It first visually summarizes real-time marathon data to facilitate the detection and exploration of possible anomalous events. Then, it calculates an optimal camera route with an arrangement of shots to guide offline effort to catch these events in time with a smooth view transition. We conduct a within-subjects study with two baseline systems to assess the efficacy of MaraVis.
Title: Emotional Footprints of Email Interruptions
Authors: family: Blank
given: Christopher; family: Zaman
given: Shaila; family: Wesley
given: Amanveer; family: Tsiamyrtzis
given: Panagiotis; family: Da Cunha Silva
given: Dennis R.; family: Gutierrez-Osuna
given: Ricardo; family: Mark
given: Gloria; family: Pavlidis
given: Ioannis
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Working in an environment with constant interruptions is known to affect stress, but how do interruptions affect emotional expression? Emotional expression can have significant impact on interactions among coworkers. We analyzed the video of 26 participants who performed an essay task in a laboratory while receiving either continual email interruptions or receiving a single batch of email. Facial videos of the participants were run through a convolutional neural network to determine the emotional mix via decoding of facial expressions. Using a novel co-occurrence matrix analysis, we showed that with batched email, a neutral emotional state is dominant with sadness being a distant second, and with continual interruptions, this pattern is reversed, and sadness is mixed with fear. We discuss the implications of these results for how interruptions can impact employees' well-being and organizational climate.
Title: Nationality and Gender Biases in Multicultural Online Learning Environments: The Effects of Anonymity
Authors: family: Morales-Martinez
given: Gabriela; family: Latreille
given: Paul; family: Denny
given: Paul
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Online learning environments eliminate geographical barriers and enable new forms of collaboration between students at large scale. Self-presentation within such environments affects how students interact with learning content and with each other. We explore how anonymity/identifiability in user profile design impacts student interactions in a large multicultural classroom across two geographical locations. After triangulating 150,000 online interactions with questionnaires and focus groups, we provide three major findings. First, being identifiable had a significant impact on how students accessed and rated content created by their peers. Second, when identifiable, cultural differences became more prominent, leading some students to avoid content created by classmates of certain nationalities. Finally, when students interacted with their real identities, there were significant and negative gender effects which were absent when students were anonymous. These findings contribute to our understanding of social dynamics within multicultural learning environments, and raise practical implications for tool design.
Title: Designing for Employee Voice
Authors: family: Abdulgalimov
given: Dinislam; family: Kirkham
given: Reuben; family: Nicholson
given: James; family: Vlachokyriakos
given: Vasilis; family: Briggs
given: Pam; family: Olivier
given: Patrick
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Employee voice and workplace democracy have a positive impact on employee wellbeing and the performance of organizations. In this paper, we conducted interviews with employees to identify facilitators and inhibitors for voice within the workplace and a corresponding set of appropriate qualities: Civility, Validity, Safety and Egalitarianism. We then operationalised these qualities as a set of design goals - Assured Anonymity, Constructive Moderation, Adequate Slowness and Controlled Access - in the design and development of a secure anonymous employee voice system. Our novel take on the Enterprise Social Network aims to foster good citizenship whilst also promoting frank yet constructive discussion. We reflect on a two-week deployment of our system, the diverse range of candid discussions that emerged around important workplace issues and the potential for change within the host organization. We conclude by reflecting on the ways in which our approach shaped discourse and supported the creation of a trusted environment for employee voice.
Title: Supporting Software Developers' Focused Work on Window-Based Desktops
Authors: family: Pilzer
given: Jan; family: Rosenast
given: Raphael; family: Meyer
given: André N.; family: Huang
given: Elaine M.; family: Fritz
given: Thomas
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Software developers, like other information workers, continuously switch tasks and applications to complete their work on their computer. Given the high fragmentation and complexity of their work, staying focused on the relevant pieces of information can become quite challenging in today's window-based environments, especially with the ever increasing monitor screen-size. To support developers in staying focused, we conducted a formative study with 18 professionals in which we examined their computer based and eye-gaze interaction with the window environment and devised a relevance model of open windows. Based on the results, we developed a prototype to dim irrelevant windows and reduce distractions, and evaluated it in a user study. Our results indicate that our model was able to predict relevant open windows with high accuracy and participants felt that integrating visual prominence into the desktop environment reduces clutter and distraction, which results in reduced window switching and an increase in focus.
Title: MoveVR: Enabling Multiform Force Feedback in Virtual Reality using Household Cleaning Robot
Authors: family: Wang
given: Yuntao; family: Chen
given: Zichao (Tyson); family: Li
given: Hanchuan; family: Cao
given: Zhengyi; family: Luo
given: Huiyi; family: Zhang
given: Tengxiang; family: Ou
given: Ke; family: Raiti
given: John; family: Yu
given: Chun; family: Patel
given: Shwetak; family: Shi
given: Yuanchun
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Haptic feedback can significantly enhance the realism and immersiveness of virtual reality (VR) systems. In this paper, we propose MoveVR, a technique that enables realistic, multiform force feedback in VR leveraging commonplace cleaning robots. MoveVR can generate tension, resistance, impact and material rigidity force feedback with multiple levels of force intensity and directions. This is achieved by changing the robot's moving speed, rotation, position as well as the carried proxies. We demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of MoveVR through interactive VR gaming. In our quantitative and qualitative evaluation studies, participants found that MoveVR provides more realistic and enjoyable user experience when compared to commercially available haptic solutions such as vibrotactile haptic systems.
Title: Between Scripts and Applications: Computational Media for the Frontier of Nanoscience
Authors: family: Nouwens
given: Midas; family: Borowski
given: Marcel; family: Fog
given: Bjarke; family: Klokmose
given: Clemens Nylandsted
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: The popularity of computational notebooks heralds a return of software as computational media rather than turn-key applications. We believe this software model has potential beyond supporting just the computationally literate. We studied a biomolecular nano-design lab that works on a current frontier of science - RNA origami - whose researchers depend on computational tools to do their work, yet are not trained as programmers. Using a participatory design process, we developed a computational labbook to concretise what computational media could look like, using the principles of computability, malleability, shareability, and distributability suggested by previous work. We used this prototype to co-reflect with the nanoscientists about how it could transform their practice. We report on the computational culture specific to this research area; the scientists' struggles managing their computational environments; and their subsequent disempowerment yet dependence. Lastly, we discuss the generative potential and limitations of the four design principles for the future of computational media.
Title: Brainsourcing: Crowdsourcing Recognition Tasks via Collaborative Brain-Computer Interfacing
Authors: family: Davis
given: Keith M.; family: Kangassalo
given: Lauri; family: Spapé
given: Michiel; family: Ruotsalo
given: Tuukka
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: This paper introduces brainsourcing: utilizing brain responses of a group of human contributors each performing a recognition task to determine classes of stimuli. We investigate to what extent it is possible to infer reliable class labels using data collected utilizing electroencephalography (EEG) from participants given a set of common stimuli. An experiment (N=30) measuring EEG responses to visual features of faces (gender, hair color, age, smile) revealed an improved F1 score of 0.94 for a crowd of twelve participants compared to an F1 score of 0.67 derived from individual participants and a random chance of 0.50. Our results demonstrate the methodological and pragmatic feasibility of brainsourcing in labeling tasks and opens avenues for more general applications using brain-computer interfacing in a crowdsourced setting.
Title: Mixed Reality Light Fields for Interactive Remote Assistance
Authors: family: Mohr
given: Peter; family: Mori
given: Shohei; family: Langlotz
given: Tobias; family: Thomas
given: Bruce H.; family: Schmalstieg
given: Dieter; family: Kalkofen
given: Denis
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Remote assistance represents an important use case for mixed reality. With the rise of handheld and wearable devices, remote assistance has become practical in the wild. However, spontaneous provisioning of remote assistance requires an easy, fast and robust approach for capturing and sharing of unprepared environments. In this work, we make a case for utilizing interactive light fields for remote assistance. We demonstrate the advantages of object representation using light fields over conventional geometric reconstruction. Moreover, we introduce an interaction method for quickly annotating light fields in 3D space without requiring surface geometry to anchor annotations. We present results from a user study demonstrating the effectiveness of our interaction techniques, and we provide feedback on the usability of our overall system.
Title: Collaborative Technologies for Children with Special Needs: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: family: Baykal
given: Gökçe Elif; family: Van Mechelen
given: Maarten; family: Eriksson
given: Eva
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: This paper presents a systematic literature review on collaborative technologies for children with special needs in ACM Digital Library. The aim of the review is to (1) reveal the current state of the art, (2) identify the types of technologies and contexts of use, the demographics and special needs of the target group, and the methodological approaches and theoretical groundings, and (3) define a future research agenda. The results of the systematic literature review show that collaborative technologies for children with special needs are increasingly gaining attention, mostly involve tangible and/or embodied interaction, and are often developed for use in the classroom. The target group that is most represented are boys between 6 to 12 years with Autism Spectrum Disorder. The results further show a wide range of evaluation criteria for measuring collaboration, an interchanging use of theoretical concepts and a lack of definitions for the concept collaboration, and a need for more demographically diverse studies.
Title: Miniature Haptics: Experiencing Haptic Feedback through Hand-based and Embodied Avatars
Authors: family: Wang
given: Bo-Xiang; family: Wang
given: Yu-Wei; family: Chen
given: Yen-Kai; family: Tseng
given: Chun-Miao; family: Hsu
given: Min-Chien; family: Hsieh
given: Cheng An; family: Lee
given: Hsin-Ying; family: Chen
given: Mike Y.
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: We present Miniature Haptics, a new approach to providing realistic haptic experiences by applying miniaturized haptic feedback to hand-based, embodied avatars. By shrinking haptics to a much smaller scale, Miniature Haptics enables the exploration of new haptic experiences that are not practical to create at the full, human-body scale. Using Finger Walking in Place (FWIP) as an example avatar embodiment and control method, we first explored the feasibility of Miniature Haptics then conducted a human factors study to understand how people map their full-body skeletal model to their hands. To understand the user experience of Miniature Haptic, we developed a miniature football haptic display, and results from our user study show that Miniature Haptics significantly improved the realism and enjoyment of the experience and is preferred by users (p < 0.05). In addition, we present two miniature motion platforms supporting the haptic experiences of: 1) rapidly changing ground height for platform jumping games such as Super Mario Bros and 2) changing terrain slope. Overall, Miniature Haptics makes it possible to explore novel haptic experiences that have not been practical before.
Title: Digital Juries: A Civics-Oriented Approach to Platform Governance
Authors: family: Fan
given: Jenny; family: Zhang
given: Amy X.
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: As concerns have grown regarding harmful content spread on social media, platform mechanisms for content moderation have become increasingly significant. However, many existing platform governance structures lack formal processes for democratic participation by users of the platform. Drawing inspiration from constitutional jury trials in many legal systems, this paper proposes digital juries as a civics-oriented approach for adjudicating content moderation cases. Building on existing theoretical models of jury decision-making, we outline a 5-stage model characterizing the space of design considerations in a digital jury process. We implement two examples of jury designs involving blind-voting and deliberation. From users who participate in our jury implementations, we gather informed judgments of the democratic legitimacy of a jury process for content moderation. We find that digital juries are perceived as more procedurally just than existing common platform moderation practices, but also find disagreement over whether jury decisions should be enforced or used as recommendations.
Title: Patriarchy, Maternal Health and Spiritual Healing: Designing Maternal Health Interventions in Pakistan
Authors: family: Mustafa
given: Maryam; family: Batool
given: Amna; family: Fatima
given: Beenish; family: Nawaz
given: Fareeda; family: Toyama
given: Kentaro; family: Raza
given: Agha Ali
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: We examine the opportunities and challenges in designing for maternal health in low-income, low-resource communities in patriarchal and religious contexts. Pakistan faces a crisis in maternal health with a maternal mortality ratio of 178 deaths per 100,000 live births, as compared to the developed-country average of just 12 deaths per 100,000. Through a 6-month long qualitative, empirical study we examine the prevalent beliefs and practices around maternal health in Pakistan, the access women have to health-care, the existing religious practices that influence them and the agency they exert in their own health-care decision making. We reveal the rampant misinformation among mothers and health workers, house-hold power dynamics that impact maternal health and the deep link between maternal health and religious beliefs. We also show how current maternal health care interventions fit poorly into this context and discuss alternate design recommendations for meeting the maternal health needs of these women.
Title: BrailleBlocks: Computational Braille Toys for Collaborative Learning
Authors: family: Gadiraju
given: Vinitha; family: Muehlbradt
given: Annika; family: Kane
given: Shaun K.
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Braille literacy has fallen in recent years, and many blind children now grow up without learning Braille. However, learning Braille can increase employment chances and improve literacy skills. We introduce BrailleBlocks, a system to help visually impaired children learn and practice Braille alongside a sighted parent. BrailleBlocks comprises a set of tangible blocks and pegs, each block representing a Braille cell, and an associated application with games. The system automatically tracks and recognizes the blocks so that parents can follow along even if they cannot read Braille. We conducted a user study to test BrailleBlocks with five families, with five parents and six visually impaired children. The contributions of this work are a novel approach to Braille education toys, observations of how visually impaired children and sighted parents used this system together, their insights on current issues with Braille educational tools, and actionable feedback for future Braille-based learning tools.
Title: Investigating the Necessity of Delay in Marking Menu Invocation
Authors: family: Henderson
given: Jay; family: Malacria
given: Sylvain; family: Nancel
given: Mathieu; family: Lank
given: Edward
Venue: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Abstract: Delayed display of menu items is a core design component of marking menus, arguably to prevent visual distraction and foster the use of mark mode. We investigate these assumptions, by contrasting the original marking menu design with immediately-displayed marking menus. In three controlled experiments, we fail to reveal obvious and systematic performance or usability advantages to using delay and mark mode. Only in very constrained settings – after significant training and only two items to learn – did traditional marking menus show a time improvement of about 260~ms. Otherwise, we found an overall decrease in performance with delay, whether participants exhibited practiced or unpracticed behaviour. Our final study failed to demonstrate that an immediately-displayed menu interface is more visually disrupting than a delayed menu. These findings inform the costs and benefits of incorporating delay in marking menus, and motivate guidelines for situations in which its use is desirable.