huashen218/convxai-cia-dataset huggingface dataset:
Title: What Can Gestures Tell? Detecting Motor Impairment in Early Parkinson's from Common Touch Gestural Interactions
Authors: family: Tian
given: Feng; family: Fan
given: Xiangmin; family: Fan
given: Junjun; family: Zhu
given: Yicheng; family: Gao
given: Jing; family: Wang
given: Dakuo; family: Bi
given: Xiaojun; family: Wang
given: Hongan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: parkinson's disease (pd), passive monitoring, touch gestures

Abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurological disorder causing progressive disability that severely affects patients' quality of life. Although early interventions can provide significant benefits, PD diagnosis is often delayed due to both the mildness of early signs and the high requirements imposed by traditional screening and diagnosis methods. In this paper, we explore the feasibility and accuracy of detecting motor impairment in early PD via sensing and analyzing users' common touch gestural interactions on smartphones. We investigate four types of common gestures, including flick, drag, pinch, and handwriting gestures, and propose a set of features to capture PD motor signs. Through a 102-subject (35 early PD subjects and 67 age-matched controls) study, our approach achieved an AUC of 0.95 and 0.89/0.88 sensitivity/specificity in discriminating early PD subjects from healthy controls. Our work constitutes an important step towards unobtrusive, implicit, and convenient early PD detection from routine smartphone interactions.
Title: Understanding the Boundaries between Policymaking and HCI
Authors: family: Spaa
given: Anne; family: Durrant
given: Abigail; family: Elsden
given: Chris; family: Vines
given: John
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: public policy, qualitative studies, research impact, think tanks

Abstract: There is a growing body of literature in HCI examining the intersection between policymaking and technology research. However, what it means to engage in policymaking in our field, or the ways in which evidence from HCI studies is translated into policy, is not well understood. We report on interviews with 11 participants working at the intersection of technology research and policymaking. Analysis of this data highlights how evidence is understood and made sense of in policymaking processes, what forms of evidence are privileged over others, and the work that researchers engage in to meaningfully communicate their work to policymaking audiences. We discuss how our findings pose challenges for certain traditions of research in HCI, yet also open up new policy opportunities for those engaging in more speculative research practices. We conclude by discussing three ways forward that the HCI community can explore to increase engagement with policymaking contexts.
Title: Comparing Data from Chatbot and Web Surveys: Effects of Platform and Conversational Style on Survey Response Quality
Authors: family: Kim
given: Soomin; family: Lee
given: Joonhwan; family: Gweon
given: Gahgene
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: conversational interface, survey interface, conversational agent, human ai interaction, user experience design, chatbot

Abstract: This study aims to explore the feasibility of a text-based virtual agent as a new survey method to overcome the web survey's common response quality problems, which are caused by respondents' inattention. To this end, we conducted a 2 (platform: web vs. chatbot) × 2 (conversational style: formal vs. casual) experiment. We used satisficing theory to compare the responses' data quality. We found that the participants in the chatbot survey, as compared to those in the web survey, were more likely to produce differentiated responses and were less likely to satisfice; the chatbot survey thus resulted in higher-quality data. Moreover, when a casual conversational style is used, the participants were less likely to satisfice-although such effects were only found in the chatbot condition. These results imply that conversational interactivity occurs when a chat interface is accompanied by messages with effective tone. Based on an analysis of the qualitative responses, we also showed that a chatbot could perform part of a human interviewer's role by applying effective communication strategies.
Title: Direct Finger Manipulation of 3D Object Image with Ultrasound Haptic Feedback
Authors: family: Matsubayashi
given: Atsushi; family: Makino
given: Yasutoshi; family: Shinoda
given: Hiroyuki
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: virtual/augmented reality, touch/haptic/pointing/gesture

Abstract: In this study, we prototype and examine a system that allows a user to manipulate a 3D virtual object with multiple fingers without wearing any device. An autostereoscopic display produces a 3D image and a depth sensor measures the movement of the fingers. When a user touches a virtual object, haptic feedback is provided by ultrasound phased arrays. By estimating the cross section of the finger in contact with the virtual object and by creating a force pattern around it, it is possible for the user to recognize the position of the surface relative to the finger. To evaluate our system, we conducted two experiments to show that the proposed feedback method is effective in recognizing the object surface and thereby enables the user to grasp the object quickly without seeing it.
Title: ExerCube vs. Personal Trainer: Evaluating a Holistic, Immersive, and Adaptive Fitness Game Setup
Authors: family: Martin-Niedecken
given: Anna Lisa; family: Rogers
given: Katja; family: Turmo Vidal
given: Laia; family: Mekler
given: Elisa D.; family: Márquez Segura
given: Elena
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: flow, exertion game, fitness game, adaptivity, exercube

Abstract: Today's spectrum of playful fitness solutions features systems that are clearly game-first or fitness-first in design; hardly any sufficiently incorporate both areas. Consequently, existing applications and evaluations often lack in focus on attractiveness and effectiveness, which should be addressed on the levels of body, controller, and game scenario following a holistic design approach. To contribute to this topic and as a proof-of-concept, we designed the ExerCube, an adaptive fitness game setup. We evaluated participants' multi-sensory and bodily experiences with a non-adaptive and an adaptive ExerCube version and compared them with personal training to reveal insights to inform the next iteration of the ExerCube. Regarding flow, enjoyment and motivation, the ExerCube is on par with personal training. Results further reveal differences in perception of exertion, types and quality of movement, social factors, feedback, and audio experiences. Finally, we derive considerations for future research and development directions in holistic fitness game setups.
Title: Tough Times at Transitional Homeless Shelters: Considering the Impact of Financial Insecurity on Digital Security and Privacy
Authors: family: Sleeper
given: Manya; family: Matthews
given: Tara; family: O'Leary
given: Kathleen; family: Turner
given: Anna; family: Woelfer
given: Jill Palzkill; family: Shelton
given: Martin; family: Oplinger
given: Andrew; family: Schou
given: Andreas; family: Consolvo
given: Sunny
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: user study, privacy, financial insecurity, security, optimistic user vision, qualitative study, homelessness

Abstract: Addressing digital security and privacy issues can be particularly difficult for users who face challenging circumstances. We performed semi-structured interviews with residents and staff at 4 transitional homeless shelters in the U.S. San Francisco Bay Area (n=15 residents, 3 staff) to explore their digital security and privacy challenges. Based on these interviews, we outline four tough times themes --- challenges experienced by our financially insecure participants that impacted their digital security and privacy --- which included: (1) limited financial resources, (2) limited access to reliable devices and Internet, (3) untrusted relationships, and (4) ongoing stress. We provide examples of how each theme impacts digital security and privacy practices and needs. We then use these themes to provide a framework outlining opportunities for technology creators to better support users facing security and privacy challenges related to financial insecurity.
Title: The Effect of Audiences on the User Experience with Conversational Interfaces in Physical Spaces
Authors: family: Candello
given: Heloisa; family: Pinhanez
given: Claudio; family: Pichiliani
given: Mauro; family: Cavalin
given: Paulo; family: Figueiredo
given: Flavio; family: Vasconcelos
given: Marisa; family: Do Carmo
given: Haylla
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: chatbot design, audience effects, conversational interfaces

Abstract: How does the presence of an audience influence the social interaction with a conversational system in a physical space? To answer this question, we analyzed data from an art exhibit where visitors interacted in natural language with three chatbots representing characters from a book. We performed two studies to explore the influence of audiences. In Study 1, we did fieldwork cross-analyzing the reported perception of the social interaction, the audience conditions (visitor is alone, visitor is observed by acquaintances and/or strangers), and control variables such as the visitor's familiarity with the book and gender. In Study 2, we analyzed over 5,000 conversation logs and video recordings, identifying dialogue patterns and how they correlated with the audience conditions. Some significant effects were found, suggesting that conversational systems in physical spaces should be designed based on whether other people observe the user or not.
Title: Unobtrusively Enhancing Reflection-in-Action of Teachers through Spatially Distributed Ambient Information
Authors: family: An
given: Pengcheng; family: Bakker
given: Saskia; family: Ordanovski
given: Sara; family: Taconis
given: Ruurd; family: Paffen
given: Chris L.E.; family: Eggen
given: Berry
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: distributed cognition, periphery of attention, teacher, ambient information system, reflective practitioner, reflection-in-action

Abstract: Reflecting on their performance during classroom-teaching is an important competence for teachers. Such reflection-in-action (RiA) enables them to optimize teaching on the spot. But RiA is also challenging, demanding extra thinking in teachers' already intensive routines. Little is known on how HCI systems can facilitate teachers' RiA during classroom-teaching. To fill in this gap, we evaluate ClassBeacons, a system that uses spatially distributed lamps to depict teachers' ongoing performance on how they have divided their time and attention over students in the classroom. Empirical qualitative data from eleven teachers in 22 class periods show that this ambient information facilitated teachers' RiA without burdening teaching in progress. Based on our theoretical grounding and field evaluation, we contribute empirical knowledge about how an HCI system enhanced teachers' process of RiA as well as a set of design principles for unobtrusively supporting RiA.
Title: Towards Effective Foraging by Data Scientists to Find Past Analysis Choices
Authors: family: Kery
given: Mary Beth; family: John
given: Bonnie E.; family: O'Flaherty
given: Patrick; family: Horvath
given: Amber; family: Myers
given: Brad A.
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: end-user programmers (eup), exploratory programming, end-user software engineering (euse), data science, literate programming

Abstract: Data scientists are responsible for the analysis decisions they make, but it is hard for them to track the process by which they achieved a result. Even when data scientists keep logs, it is onerous to make sense of the resulting large number of history records full of overlapping variants of code, output, plots, etc. We developed algorithmic and visualization techniques for notebook code environments to help data scientists forage for information in their history. To test these interventions, we conducted a think-aloud evaluation with 15 data scientists, where participants were asked to find specific information from the history of another person's data science project. The participants succeed on a median of 80% of the tasks they performed. The quantitative results suggest promising aspects of our design, while qualitative results motivated a number of design improvements. The resulting system, called Verdant, is released as an open-source extension for JupyterLab.
Title: I Don't Even Have to Bother Them! Using Social Media to Automate the Authentication Ceremony in Secure Messaging
Authors: family: Vaziripour
given: Elham; family: Howard
given: Devon; family: Tyler
given: Jake; family: O'Neill
given: Mark; family: Wu
given: Justin; family: Seamons
given: Kent; family: Zappala
given: Daniel
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: authentication ceremony, secure messaging applications, social authentication

Abstract: The privacy guaranteed by secure messaging applications relies on users completing an authentication ceremony to verify they are using the proper encryption keys. We examine the feasibility of social authentication, which partially automates the ceremony using social media accounts. We implemented social authentication in Signal and conducted a within-subject user study with 42 participants to compare this with existing methods. To generalize our results, we conducted a Mechanical Turk survey involving 421 respondents. Our results show that users found social authentication to be convenient and fast. They particularly liked verifying keys asynchronously, and viewing social media profiles naturally coincided with how participants thought of verification. However, some participants reacted negatively to integrating social media with Signal, primarily because they distrust social media services. Overall, automating the authentication ceremony and distributing trust with additional service providers is promising, but this infrastructure needs to be more trusted than social media companies.
Title: Exploring Sound Awareness in the Home for People who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing
Authors: family: Jain
given: Dhruv; family: Lin
given: Angela; family: Guttman
given: Rose; family: Amalachandran
given: Marcus; family: Zeng
given: Aileen; family: Findlater
given: Leah; family: Froehlich
given: Jon
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: sound awareness, smart home, deaf and hard of hearing

Abstract: The home is filled with a rich diversity of sounds from mundane beeps and whirs to dog barks and children's shouts. In this paper, we examine how deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) people think about and relate to sounds in the home, solicit feedback and reactions to initial domestic sound awareness systems, and explore potential concerns. We present findings from two qualitative studies: in Study 1, 12 DHH participants discussed their perceptions of and experiences with sound in the home and provided feedback on initial sound awareness mockups. Informed by Study 1, we designed three tablet-based sound awareness prototypes, which we evaluated with 10 DHH participants using a Wizard-of-Oz approach. Together, our findings suggest a general interest in smarthome-based sound awareness systems particularly for displaying contextually aware, personalized and glanceable visualizations but key concerns arose related to privacy, activity tracking, cognitive overload, and trust.
Title: Implicit Communication of Actionable Information in Human-AI teams
Authors: family: Liang
given: Claire; family: Proft
given: Julia; family: Andersen
given: Erik; family: Knepper
given: Ross A.
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: collaboration, empirical study that tells us about people, games/play

Abstract: Humans expect their collaborators to look beyond the explicit interpretation of their words. Implicature is a common form of implicit communication that arises in natural language discourse when an utterance leverages context to imply information beyond what the words literally convey. Whereas computational methods have been proposed for interpreting and using different forms of implicature, its role in human and artificial agent collaboration has not yet been explored in a concrete domain. The results of this paper provide insights to how artificial agents should be structured to facilitate natural and efficient communication of actionable information with humans. We investigated implicature by implementing two strategies for playing Hanabi, a cooperative card game that relies heavily on communication of actionable implicit information to achieve a shared goal. In a user study with 904 completed games and 246 completed surveys, human players randomly paired with an implicature AI are 71% more likely to think their partner is human than players paired with a non-implicature AI. These teams demonstrated game performance similar to other state of the art approaches.
Title: StreetWise: Smart Speakers vs Human Help in Public Slum Settings
Authors: family: Pearson
given: Jennifer; family: Robinson
given: Simon; family: Reitmaier
given: Thomas; family: Jones
given: Matt; family: Ahire
given: Shashank; family: Joshi
given: Anirudha; family: Sahoo
given: Deepak; family: Maravi
given: Nimish; family: Bhikne
given: Bhakti
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: speech appliances, public space interaction, emergent users

Abstract: This paper explores the use of conversational speech question and answer systems in the challenging context of public spaces in slums. A major part of this work is a comparison of the source and speed of the given responses; that is, either machine-powered and instant or human-powered and delayed. We examine these dimensions via a two-stage, multi-sited deployment. We report on a pilot deployment that helped refine the system, and a second deployment involving the installation of nine of each type of system within a large Mumbai slum for a 40-day period, resulting in over 12,000 queries. We present the findings from a detailed analysis and comparison of the two question-answer corpora; discuss how these insights might help improve machine-powered smart speakers; and, highlight the potential benefits of multi-sited public speech installations within slum environments.
Title: Ways of Knowing When Research Subjects Care
Authors: family: Howard
given: Dorothy; family: Irani
given: Lilly
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: care, qualitative methods, feminism, online communities, ethics, gender

Abstract: This paper investigates a hidden dimension of research with real world stakes: research subjects who care -- sometimes deeply -- about the topic of the research in which they participate. They manifest this care, we show, by managing how they are represented in the research process, by exercising politics in shaping knowledge production, and sometimes in experiencing trauma in the process. We draw first-hand reflections on participation in diversity research on Wikipedia, transforming participants from objects of study to active negotiators of research process. We depict how care, vulnerability, harm, and emotions shape ethnographic and qualitative data. We argue that, especially in reflexive cultures, research subjects are active agents with agendas, accountabilities, and political projects of their own. We propose ethics of care and collaboration to open up new possibilities for knowledge production and socio-technical intervention in HCI.
Title: Design and Evaluation of Service Robot's Proactivity in Decision-Making Support Process
Authors: family: Peng
given: Zhenhui; family: Kwon
given: Yunhwan; family: Lu
given: Jiaan; family: Wu
given: Ziming; family: Ma
given: Xiaojuan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: proactivity, human-robot interaction, robot manner, decision-making support

Abstract: As service robots are envisioned to provide decision-making support (DMS) in public places, it is becoming essential to design the robot's manner of offering assistance. For example, robot shop assistants that proactively or reactively give product recommendations may impact customers' shopping experience. In this paper, we propose an anticipation-autonomy policy framework that models three levels of proactivity (high, medium and low) of service robots in DMS contexts. We conduct a within-subject experiment with 36 participants to evaluate the effects of DMS robot's proactivity on user perceptions and interaction behaviors. Results show that a highly proactive robot is deemed inappropriate though people can get rich information from it. A robot with medium proactivity helps reduce the decision space while maintaining users' sense of engagement. The least proactive robot grants users more control but may not realize its full capability. We conclude the paper with design considerations for service robot's manner.
Title: Empowerment on the Margins: The Online Experiences of Community Health Workers
Authors: family: Ismail
given: Azra; family: Kumar
given: Neha
Venue: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: qualitative, ictd, india, hci4d, internet, healthcare

Abstract: Research in Human-Computer Interaction for Development (HCI4D) routinely relies on and engages with the increasing penetration of smartphones and the internet. We examine the mobile, internet, and social media practices of women community health workers, for whom internet access has newly become possible. These workers are uniquely positioned at the intersections of various communities of practice---their familial units, workplaces, networks of health workers, larger communities, and the online world. However, they remain at the margins of each, on account of difference in gender, class, literacies, professional expertise, and more. Our findings unpack the legitimate peripheral participation of these workers; examining how they appropriate smartphones and the internet to move away from the peripheries to fully participate in these communities. We discuss how their activities are motivated by moves towards empowerment, digitization, and improved healthcare provision. We consider how future work might support, leverage, and extend their efforts.