huashen218/convxai-cia-dataset huggingface dataset:
Title: Change Blindness in Proximity-Aware Mobile Interfaces
Authors: family: Brock
given: Michael; family: Quigley
given: Aaron; family: Kristensson
given: Per Ola
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: interface design, change blindness, proximity interaction, proxemics, proximity aware interfaces

Abstract: Interface designs on both small and large displays can encourage people to alter their physical distance to the display. Mobile devices support this form of interaction naturally, as the user can move the device closer or further away as needed. The current generation of mobile devices can employ computer vision, depth sensing and other inference methods to determine the distance between the user and the display. Once this distance is known, a system can adapt the rendering of display content accordingly and enable proximity-aware mobile interfaces. The dominant method of exploiting proximity-aware interfaces is to remove or superimpose visual information. In this paper, we investigate change blindness in such interfaces. We present the results of two experiments. In our first experiment we show that a proximity-aware mobile interface results in significantly more change blindness errors than a non-moving interface. The absolute difference in error rates was 13.7%. In our second experiment we show that within a proximity-aware mobile interface, gradual changes induce significantly more change blindness errors than instant changes---confirming expected change blindness behavior. Based on our results we discuss the implications of either exploiting change blindness effects or mitigating them when designing mobile proximity-aware interfaces.
Title: Rethinking Thinking Aloud: A Comparison of Three Think-Aloud Protocols
Authors: family: Alhadreti
given: Obead; family: Mayhew
given: Pam
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: usability testing, user experiences, user studies, think-aloud protocols, human-computer interaction

Abstract: This paper presents the results of a study that compared three think-aloud methods: concurrent think-aloud, retrospective think-aloud, and a hybrid method. The three methods were compared through an evaluation of a library website, which involved four points of comparison: task performance, participants' experiences, usability problems discovered, and the cost of employing the methods. The results revealed that the concurrent method outperformed both the retrospective and the hybrid methods in facilitating successful usability testing. It detected higher numbers of usability problems than the retrospective method, and produced output comparable to that of the hybrid method. The method received average to positive ratings from its users, and no reactivity was observed. Lastly, this method required much less time on the evaluator's part than did the other two methods, which involved double the testing and analysis time.
Title: Reading on Smart Glasses: The Effect of Text Position, Presentation Type and Walking
Authors: family: Rzayev
given: Rufat; family: Woźniak
given: Paweł W.; family: Dingler
given: Tilman; family: Henze
given: Niels
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: reading, hololens, reading on the go, smart glasses, rsvp

Abstract: Smart glasses are increasingly being used in professional contexts. Having key applications such as short messaging and newsreader, they enable continuous access to textual information. In particular, smart glasses allow reading while performing other activities as they do not occlude the user's world view. For efficient reading, it is necessary to understand how a text should be presented on them. We, therefore, conducted a study with 24 participants using a Microsoft HoloLens to investigate how to display text on smart glasses while walking and sitting. We compared text presentation in the top-right, center, and bottom-center positions with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) and line-by-line scrolling. We found that text displayed in the top-right of smart glasses increases subjective workload and reduces comprehension. RSVP yields higher comprehension while sitting. Conversely, reading with scrolling yields higher comprehension while walking. Insights from our study inform the design of reading interfaces for smart glasses.
Title: Mini-Me: An Adaptive Avatar for Mixed Reality Remote Collaboration
Authors: family: Piumsomboon
given: Thammathip; family: Lee
given: Gun A.; family: Hart
given: Jonathon D.; family: Ens
given: Barrett; family: Lindeman
given: Robert W.; family: Thomas
given: Bruce H.; family: Billinghurst
given: Mark
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: gesture, remote collaboration, avatar, remote embodiment, mixed reality, awareness, virtual reality, redirected, gaze, augmented reality

Abstract: We present Mini-Me, an adaptive avatar for enhancing Mixed Reality (MR) remote collaboration between a local Augmented Reality (AR) user and a remote Virtual Reality (VR) user. The Mini-Me avatar represents the VR user's gaze direction and body gestures while it transforms in size and orientation to stay within the AR user's field of view. A user study was conducted to evaluate Mini-Me in two collaborative scenarios: an asymmetric remote expert in VR assisting a local worker in AR, and a symmetric collaboration in urban planning. We found that the presence of the Mini-Me significantly improved Social Presence and the overall experience of MR collaboration.
Title: Viewer Experience of Obscuring Scene Elements in Photos to Enhance Privacy
Authors: family: Hasan
given: Rakibul; family: Hassan
given: Eman; family: Li
given: Yifang; family: Caine
given: Kelly; family: Crandall
given: David J.; family: Hoyle
given: Roberto; family: Kapadia
given: Apu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: image obfuscation, image filtering, privacy

Abstract: With the rise of digital photography and social networking, people are sharing personal photos online at an unprecedented rate. In addition to their main subject matter, photographs often capture various incidental information that could harm people's privacy. While blurring and other image filters may help obscure private content, they also often affect the utility and aesthetics of the photos, which is important since images shared in social media are mainly for human consumption. Existing studies of privacy-enhancing image filters either primarily focus on obscuring faces, or do not systematically study how filters affect image utility. To understand the trade-offs when obscuring various sensitive aspects of images, we study eleven filters applied to obfuscate twenty different objects and attributes, and evaluate how effectively they protect privacy and preserve image quality for human viewers.
Title: Navigating the Job Search as a Low-Resourced Job Seeker
Authors: family: Wheeler
given: Earnest; family: Dillahunt
given: Tawanna R.
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: design, information seeking, underserved job seekers, digital divide, employment

Abstract: The Internet is providing increasing access to information about employment opportunities, but not everyone can leverage it effectively. Research suggests that job seekers with limited access to Internet technologies are being left behind, while those with limited social resources are expected to rely on the Internet even more. In this work, we conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with 11 low-resourced job seekers in a metropolitan area in the Midwestern USA to understand how social and digital resources support their efforts to find work. We find that online resources support job seekers in finding relevant jobs via search, but do not help them identify opportunities to improve their job search process or increase their chances of securing employment. We recommend that systems aiming to support low-resourced job seekers design for deeper engagement with their users across the job search process, to help users recognize ways to improve on their existing practices.
Title: The Value of Empty Space for Design
Authors: family: Cheon
given: EunJeong; family: Su
given: Norman Makoto
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: sub.c.ulture, place, empty space, value-sensitive design, space, minimalists, alternative lifestyle

Abstract: We present a study on a group of people who, upon adopting a new lifestyle movement, have discovered and constructed alternative aspects of space. Drawing on 23 interviews with minimalists and participant observations of their Meetup meetings, we highlight the central role of empty space in their lives at home. Our findings show how empty space for minimalists emerge as a new, hitherto unknown space in the home and the ways minimalists seek to create, maintain, and stay sensitive to these empty spaces. Empty spaces for minimalists signify their achievements, exudes aesthetic appeal, and provide a sanctuary away from city life. We propose new opportunities for design based on our findings of empty space. We suggest that design should consider supporting the practices and values that revolve around the absence of artifacts.
Title: Disorder or Driver? The Effects of Nomophobia on Work-Related Outcomes in Organizations
Authors: family: Wang
given: Guan; family: Suh
given: Ayoung
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: nomophobia, job productivity, jd-r model, work interruption, smartphone use

Abstract: Nomophobia, which refers to discomfort or anxiety caused by being unable to use one's smartphone, has become prevalent among smartphone users. However, the influence of nomophobia on employees' work-related outcomes remains unclear. Drawing on the job demands-resources theory, this study develops a model that explores the interplay between employees' nomophobia, work engagement, emotional exhaustion, work interruption, and job productivity. The proposed model was tested using data collected from 187 employees in one organization. The results demonstrate that some employees with high levels of nomophobia feel more engaged with their work and more productive, yet others tend to be emotionally exhausted and feel they are less productive. By illuminating the dual effects of nomophobia on employees' work-related outcomes, this study extends our understanding of how smartphone use positively and negatively affects employees in the workplace. The notion of nomophobia in the workplace is discussed, along with new directions for research.
Title: My Telepresence, My Culture? An Intercultural Investigation of Telepresence Robot Operators' Interpersonal Distance Behaviors
Authors: family: Shen
given: Solace; family: Tennent
given: Hamish; family: Claure
given: Houston; family: Jung
given: Malte
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: cross-cultural, telepresence robots, robotic telepresence systems, human-robot interaction, interpersonal distance, robot-mediated communication, proxemics

Abstract: Interpersonal distance behaviors can vary significantly across countries and impact human social interaction. Do these cross-cultural differences play out when one of the interaction partners participates through a teleoperated robot? Emerging research shows that when being approached by a robot, people tend to hold similar cultural preferences as they would for an approaching human. However, no work yet has investigated this question from a robot teleoperator's perspective. Toward answering this, we conducted an online study (N = 774) using a novel simulation paradigm across two countries (U.S. and India). Results show that in the role of a telepresence robot operator, participants exhibited cross-cultural differences in interpersonal distance behavior in line with human-human proxemic research, indicating that culture-specific distance behavior can manifest in the way a robot operator controls a robot. We discuss implications for designers who seek to automate path planning and navigation for teleoperated robots.
Title: Privacy Lies: Understanding How, When, and Why People Lie to Protect Their Privacy in Multiple Online Contexts
Authors: family: Sannon
given: Shruti; family: Bazarova
given: Natalya N.; family: Cosley
given: Dan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: privacy, privacy-protective behaviors, computer-mediated communication, deception

Abstract: In this paper, we study online privacy lies: lies primarily aimed at protecting privacy. Going beyond privacy lenses that focus on privacy concerns or cost/benefit analyses, we explore how contextual factors, motivations, and individual-level characteristics affect lying behavior through a 356-person survey. We find that statistical models to predict privacy lies that include attitudes about lying, use of other privacy-protective behaviors (PPBs), and perceived control over information improve on models based solely on self-expressed privacy concerns. Based on a thematic analysis of open-ended responses, we find that the decision to tell privacy lies stems from a range of concerns, serves multiple privacy goals, and is influenced by the context of the interaction and attitudes about the morality and necessity of lying. Together, our results point to the need for conceptualizations of privacy lies-and PPBs more broadly-that account for multiple goals, perceived control over data, contextual factors, and attitudes about PPBs.
Title: "We Are the Product": Public Reactions to Online Data Sharing and Privacy Controversies in the Media
Authors: family: Fiesler
given: Casey; family: Hallinan
given: Blake
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: non-use, online platforms, social media, data sharing, journalism, online comments, data, ethics, policy, privacy, terms of service

Abstract: As online platforms increasingly collect large amounts of data about their users, there has been growing public concern about privacy around issues such as data sharing. Controversies around practices perceived as surprising or even unethical often highlight patterns of privacy attitudes when they spark conversation in the media. This paper examines public reaction "in the wild" to two data sharing controversies that were the focus of media attention-regarding the social media and communication services Facebook and WhatsApp, as well as the email service unroll.me. These controversies instigated discussion of data privacy and ethics, accessibility of website policies, notions of responsibility for privacy, cost-benefit analyses, and strategies for privacy management such as non-use. An analysis of reactions and interactions captured by comments on news articles not only reveals information about pervasive privacy attitudes, but also suggests communication and design strategies that could benefit both platforms and users.
Title: FaceDisplay: Towards Asymmetric Multi-User Interaction for Nomadic Virtual Reality
Authors: family: Gugenheimer
given: Jan; family: Stemasov
given: Evgeny; family: Sareen
given: Harpreet; family: Rukzio
given: Enrico
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: asymmetric virtual reality, co-located multiplayer, nomadic virtual reality, multi-user virtual reality

Abstract: Mobile VR HMDs enable scenarios where they are being used in public, excluding all the people in the surrounding (Non-HMD Users) and reducing them to be sole bystanders. We present FaceDisplay, a modified VR HMD consisting of three touch sensitive displays and a depth camera attached to its back. People in the surrounding can perceive the virtual world through the displays and interact with the HMD user via touch or gestures. To further explore the design space of FaceDisplay, we implemented three applications (FruitSlicer, SpaceFace and Conductor) each presenting different sets of aspects of the asymmetric co-located interaction (e.g. gestures vs touch). We conducted an exploratory user study (n=16), observing pairs of people experiencing two of the applications and showing a high level of enjoyment and social interaction with and without an HMD. Based on the findings we derive design considerations for asymmetric co-located VR applications and argue that VR HMDs are currently designed having only the HMD user in mind but should also include Non-HMD Users.
Title: Interactive Guidance Techniques for Improving Creative Feedback
Authors: family: Ngoon
given: Tricia J.; family: Fraser
given: C. Ailie; family: Weingarten
given: Ariel S.; family: Dontcheva
given: Mira; family: Klemmer
given: Scott
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: feedback, educational technology, critique, creativity

Abstract: Good feedback is critical to creativity and learning, yet rare. Many people do not know how to actually provide effective feedback. There is increasing demand for quality feedback -- and thus feedback givers -- in learning and professional settings. This paper contributes empirical evidence that two interactive techniques -- reusable suggestions and adaptive guidance -- can improve feedback on creative work. We present these techniques embodied in the CritiqueKit system to help reviewers give specific, actionable, and justified feedback. Two real-world deployment studies and two controlled experiments with CritiqueKit found that adaptively-presented suggestions improve the quality of feedback from novice reviewers. Reviewers also reported that suggestions and guidance helped them describe their thoughts and reminded them to provide effective feedback.
Title: Environmental Factors in Indoor Navigation Based on Real-World Trajectories of Blind Users
Authors: family: Kacorri
given: Hernisa; family: Ohn-Bar
given: Eshed; family: Kitani
given: Kris M.; family: Asakawa
given: Chieko
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: blind, indoor navigation, accessibility, turn-by-turn navigation, trajectory

Abstract: Indoor localization technologies can enhance quality of life for blind people by enabling them to independently explore and navigate indoor environments. Researchers typically evaluate their systems in terms of localization accuracy and user behavior along planned routes. We propose two measures of path-following behavior: deviation from optimal route and trajectory variability. Through regression analysis of real-world trajectories from blind users, we identify relationships between a) these measures and b) elements of the environment, route characteristics, localization error, and instructional cues that users receive. Our results provide insights into path-following behavior for turn-by-turn indoor navigation and have implications for the design of future interactions. Moreover, our findings highlight the importance of reporting these environmental factors and route properties in similar studies. We present automated and scalable methods for their calculation and to encourage their reporting for better interpretation and comparison of results across future studies.
Title: BSpeak: An Accessible Voice-based Crowdsourcing Marketplace for Low-Income Blind People
Authors: family: Vashistha
given: Aditya; family: Sethi
given: Pooja; family: Anderson
given: Richard
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: voice, crowdsourcing, hci4d, accessibility, india

Abstract: BSpeak is an accessible crowdsourcing marketplace that enables blind people in developing regions to earn money by transcribing audio files through speech. We examine accessibility and usability barriers that 15 first-time users, who are low-income and blind, experienced while completing transcription tasks on BSpeak and Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Our mixed-methods analysis revealed severe accessibility barriers in MTurk due to the absence of landmarks, unlabeled UI elements, and improper use of HTML headings. Compared to MTurk, participants found BSpeak significantly more accessible and usable, and completed tasks with higher accuracy in lesser time due to its voice-based implementation. In a two-week field deployment of BSpeak in India, 24 low-income blind users earned rupee 7,310 by completing over 16,000 transcription tasks to yield transcriptions with 87% accuracy. Through our analysis of BSpeak's strengths and weaknesses, we provide recommendations for designing crowdsourcing marketplaces for low-income blind people in resource-constrained settings.
Title: Understanding Chatbot-mediated Task Management
Authors: family: Toxtli
given: Carlos; family: Monroy-Hernández
given: Andrés; family: Cranshaw
given: Justin
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: bot, mediated communication, chatbot, task management

Abstract: Effective task management is essential to successful team collaboration. While the past decade has seen considerable innovation in systems that track and manage group tasks, these innovations have typically been outside of the principal communication channels: email, instant messenger, and group chat. Teams formulate, discuss, refine, assign, and track the progress of their collaborative tasks over electronic communication channels, yet they must leave these channels to update their task-tracking tools, creating a source of friction and inefficiency. To address this problem, we explore how bots might be used to mediate task management for individuals and teams. We deploy a prototype bot to eight different teams of information workers to help them create, assign, and keep track of tasks, all within their main communication channel. We derived seven insights for the design of future bots for coordinating work.
Title: Rich Representations of Visual Content for Screen Reader Users
Authors: family: Morris
given: Meredith Ringel; family: Johnson
given: Jazette; family: Bennett
given: Cynthia L.; family: Cutrell
given: Edward
Venue: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: visual impairment, blindness, accessibility, captions, alt text, screen readers, alternative text

Abstract: Alt text (short for "alternative text") is descriptive text associated with an image in HTML and other document formats. Screen reader technologies speak the alt text aloud to people who are visually impaired. Introduced with HTML 2.0 in 1995, the alt attribute has not evolved despite significant changes in technology over the past two decades. In light of the expanding volume, purpose, and importance of digital imagery, we reflect on how alt text could be supplemented to offer a richer experience of visual content to screen reader users. Our contributions include articulating the design space of representations of visual content for screen reader users, prototypes illustrating several points within this design space, and evaluations of several of these new image representations with people who are blind. We close by discussing the implications of our taxonomy, prototypes, and user study findings.