huashen218/convxai-cia-dataset huggingface dataset:
Title: From Reflection to Action: Combining Machine Learning with Expert Knowledge for Nutrition Goal Recommendations
Authors: family: G. Mitchell
given: Elliot; family: M. Heitkemper
given: Elizabeth; family: Burgermaster
given: Marissa; family: E. Levine
given: Matthew; family: Miao
given: Yishen; family: L. Hwang
given: Maria; family: M. Desai
given: Pooja; family: Cassells
given: Andrea; family: N. Tobin
given: Jonathan; family: G. Tabak
given: Esteban; family: J. Albers
given: David; family: M. Smaldone
given: Arlene; family: Mamykina
given: Lena
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: Diabetes self-management, Personal Informatics, Machine learning, Goal setting

Abstract: Self-tracking can help personalize self-management interventions for chronic conditions like type 2 diabetes (T2D), but reflecting on personal data requires motivation and literacy. Machine learning (ML) methods can identify patterns, but a key challenge is making actionable suggestions based on personal health data. We introduce GlucoGoalie, which combines ML with an expert system to translate ML output into personalized nutrition goal suggestions for individuals with T2D. In a controlled experiment, participants with T2D found that goal suggestions were understandable and actionable. A 4-week in-the-wild deployment study showed that receiving goal suggestions augmented participants’ self-discovery, choosing goals highlighted the multifaceted nature of personal preferences, and the experience of following goals demonstrated the importance of feedback and context. However, we identified tensions between abstract goals and concrete eating experiences and found static text too ambiguous for complex concepts. We discuss implications for ML-based interventions and the need for systems that offer more interactivity, feedback, and negotiation.
Title: The Medical Authority of AI: A Study of AI-enabled Consumer-Facing Health Technology
Authors: family: You
given: Yue; family: Kou
given: Yubo; family: Ding
given: Xianghua(Sharon); family: Gui
given: Xinning
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: Symptom checkers, Medical authority, Artificial intelligence, Consumer-facing health technology

Abstract: Recently, consumer-facing health technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based symptom checkers (AISCs) have sprung up in everyday healthcare practice. AISCs solicit symptom information from users and provide medical suggestions and possible diagnoses, a responsibility that people usually entrust with real-person authorities such as physicians and expert patients. Thus, the advent of AISCs begs a question of whether and how they transform the notion of medical authority in people's everyday healthcare practice. To answer this question, we conducted an interview study with thirty AISC users. We found that users assess the medical authority of AISCs using various factors including AISCs’ automated decisions and interaction design patterns, associations with established medical authorities like hospitals, and comparisons with other health technologies. We reveal how AISCs are used in healthcare delivery, discuss how AI transforms conventional understandings of medical authority, and derive implications for designing AI-enabled health technology.
Title: Avoiding Reactions Outside the Home: Challenges, Strategies, and Opportunities to Enhance Dining Out Experiences of People with Food Hypersensitivities
Authors: family: Nunes
given: Francisco; family: Almeida
given: João; family: Chung
given: Chia-Fang; family: Verdezoto
given: Nervo
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: health, food allergies, Food hypersensitivities, avoiding reactions, self-care, qualitative research, dining out, food intolerance

Abstract: People with food hypersensitivities experience adverse reactions when eating certain foods and thus need to adapt their diet. When dining out, the challenge is greater as people entrust the care of their allergy, intolerance, or celiac disease, in the hands of staff who might not have enough knowledge to appropriately care for them. This interview study explored how people with food hypersensitivities avoid reactions while eating out, to inspire future digital technology design. Our findings show the social and emotional impact of food hypersensitivities and how people practically cope by investigating restaurants’ safety precautions, correcting orders, or even educating restaurants’ staff. We discuss our findings against the experiences of other people living with chronic conditions and offer design opportunities for digital technologies to enhance dining out experiences of people with food hypersensitivities.
Title: Assessing MyData Scenarios: Ethics, Concerns, and the Promise
Authors: family: Alorwu
given: Andy; family: Kheirinejad
given: Saba; family: van Berkel
given: Niels; family: Kinnula
given: Marianne; family: Ferreira
given: Denzil; family: Visuri
given: Aku; family: Hosio
given: Simo
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: Ethics, Healthcare, Privacy, Crowdsourcing, MyData

Abstract: Public controversies around the unethical use of personal data are increasing, spotlighting data ethics as an increasingly important field of study. MyData is a related emerging vision that emphasizes individuals’ control of their personal data. In this paper, we investigate people’s perceptions of various data management scenarios by measuring the perceived ethicality and level of felt concern concerning the scenarios. We deployed a set of 96 unique scenarios to an online crowdsourcing platform for assessment and invited a representative sample of the participants to a second-stage questionnaire about the MyData vision and its potential in the field of healthcare. Our results provide a timely investigation into how topical data-related practices affect the perceived ethicality and the felt concern. The questionnaire analysis reveals great potential in the MyData vision. Through the combined quantitative and qualitative results, we contribute to the field of data ethics.
Title: “They don’t always think about that”: Translational Needs in the Design of Personal Health Informatics Applications
Authors: family: Kirchner
given: Susanne; family: Schroeder
given: Jessica; family: Fogarty
given: James; family: Munson
given: Sean A.
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: Personal Health Informatics, Health Design, Translational Research

Abstract: Personal health informatics continues to grow in both research and practice, revealing many challenges of designing applications that address people’s needs in their health, everyday lives, and collaborations with clinicians. Research suggests strategies to address such challenges, but has struggled to translate these strategies into design practice. This study examines translation of insights from personal health informatics research into resources to support designers. Informed by a review of relevant literature, we present our development of a prototype set of design cards intended to support designers in re-thinking potential assumptions about personal health informatics. We examined our design cards in semi-structured interviews, first with 12 student designers and then with 12 health-focused professional designers and researchers. Our results and discussion reveal tensions and barriers designers encounter, the potential for translational resources to inform the design of health-related technologies, and a need to support designers in addressing challenges of knowledge, advocacy, and evidence in designing for health.
Title: Understanding the Role of Technology to Support Breastfeeding
Authors: family: Tang
given: Kymeng; family: Gerling
given: Kathrin; family: Geurts
given: Luc; family: Spiel
given: Katta
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: Integrated Behavioral Model, Breastfeeding

Abstract: Breastfeeding brings benefits for newborns and parents, but can be a challenging process. In this paper, we leverage a mixed-methods approach that builds on the Integrated Behavioural Model (IBM) to explore parents’ perspectives toward breastfeeding along with their lived experiences, and examine the role of technology in this setting. Results of twelve semi-structured interviews and 175 online survey responses suggest generally positive attitudes toward breastfeeding and good theoretical knowledge. This is combined with a complex lived experience of breastfeeding where main challenges are situated in practical, emotional, and environmental/societal aspects, which are currently not sufficiently recognised by technology that seeks to support breastfeeding. Building upon our findings, we present points for reflection for the design of technology to support breastfeeding, focusing on the importance of drawing from the lived experience of parents, and ensuring that technology not only casts breastfeeding as an individual but also as a collective effort.
Title: Heterogeneous Stroke: Using Unique Vibration Cues to Improve the Wrist-Worn Spatiotemporal Tactile Display
Authors: family: Kim
given: Taejun; family: Shim
given: Youngbo Aram; family: Lee
given: Geehyuk
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: Spatiotemporal Tactile Pattern, Wearable Tactile Display, Wrist-Worn Tactile Display

Abstract: Beyond a simple notification of incoming calls or messages, more complex information such as alphabets and digits can be delivered through spatiotemporal tactile patterns (STPs) on a wrist-worn tactile display (WTD) with multiple tactors. However, owing to the limited skin area and spatial acuity of the wrist, frequent confusions occur between closely located tactors, resulting in a low recognition accuracy. Furthermore, the accuracies reported in previous studies have mostly been measured for a specific posture and could further decrease with free arm postures in real life. Herein, we present Heterogeneous Stroke, a design concept for improving the recognition accuracy of STPs on a WTD. By assigning unique vibrotactile stimuli to each tactor, the confusion between tactors can be reduced. Through our implementation of Heterogeneous Stroke, the alphanumeric characters could be delivered with high accuracy (93.8% for 26 alphabets and 92.4% for 10 digits) across different arm postures.
Title: MagnetIO: Passive yet Interactive Soft Haptic Patches Anywhere
Authors: family: Mazursky
given: Alex; family: Teng
given: Shan-Yuan; family: Nith
given: Romain; family: Lopes
given: Pedro
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: fabrication, ubiquitous haptics, soft magnets

Abstract: We propose a new type of haptic actuator, which we call MagnetIO, that is comprised of two parts: one battery-powered voice-coil worn on the user's fingernail and any number of interactive soft patches that can be attached onto any surface (everyday objects, user's body, appliances, etc.). When the user's finger wearing our voice-coil contacts any of the interactive patches it detects its magnetic signature via magnetometer and vibrates the patch, adding haptic feedback to otherwise input-only interactions. To allow these passive patches to vibrate, we make them from silicone with regions doped with polarized neodymium powder, resulting in soft and stretchable magnets. This stretchable form-factor allows them to be wrapped to the user's body or everyday objects of various shapes. We demonstrate how these add haptic output to many situations, such as adding haptic buttons to the walls of one's home. In our technical evaluation, we demonstrate that our interactive patches can be excited across a wide range of frequencies (0-500 Hz) and can be tuned to resonate at specific frequencies based on the patch's geometry. Furthermore, we demonstrate that MagnetIO's vibration intensity is as powerful as a typical linear resonant actuator (LRA); yet, unlike these rigid actuators, our passive patches operate as springs with multiple modes of vibration, which enables a wider band around its resonant frequency than an equivalent LRA.
Title: ThermoCaress: A Wearable Haptic Device with Illusory Moving Thermal Stimulation
Authors: family: Liu
given: Yuhu; family: Nishikawa
given: Satoshi; family: Seong
given: Young ah; family: Niiyama
given: Ryuma; family: Kuniyoshi
given: Yasuo
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: Soft wearable device, Pneumatic actuation, Thermal stroking, Haptics, Thermal referral

Abstract: We propose ThermoCaress, a haptic device to create a stroking sensation on the forearm using pressure force and present thermal feedback simultaneously. In our method, based on the phenomenon of thermal referral, by overlapping a stroke of pressure force, users feel as if the thermal stimulation moves although the position of temperature source is static. We designed the device to be compact and soft, using microblowers and inflatable pouches for presenting pressure force and water for presenting thermal feedback. Our user study showed that the device succeeded in generating thermal referrals and creating a moving thermal illusion. The results also suggested that cold temperature enhance the pleasantness of stroking. Our findings contribute to expanding the potential of thermal haptic devices.
Title: “Grip-that-there”: An Investigation of Explicit and Implicit Task Allocation Techniques for Human-Robot Collaboration
Authors: family: Mahadevan
given: Karthik; family: Sousa
given: Mauricio; family: Tang
given: Anthony; family: Grossman
given: Tovi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: human-robot collaboration, Human-robot task allocation

Abstract: In ad-hoc human-robot collaboration (HRC), humans and robots work on a task without pre-planning the robot's actions prior to execution; instead, task allocation occurs in real-time. However, prior research has largely focused on task allocations that are pre-planned - there has not been a comprehensive exploration or evaluation of techniques where task allocation is adjusted in real-time. Inspired by HCI research on territoriality and proxemics, we propose a design space of novel task allocation techniques including both explicit techniques, where the user maintains agency, and implicit techniques, where the efficiency of automation can be leveraged. The techniques were implemented and evaluated using a tabletop HRC simulation in VR. A 16-participant study, which presented variations of a collaborative block stacking task, showed that implicit techniques enable efficient task completion and task parallelization, and should be augmented with explicit mechanisms to provide users with fine-grained control.
Title: Increasing Electrical Muscle Stimulation's Dexterity by means of Back of the Hand Actuation
Authors: family: Takahashi
given: Akifumi; family: Brooks
given: Jas; family: Kajimoto
given: Hiroyuki; family: Lopes
given: Pedro
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: dexterity, EMS, haptic actuation, Electrical muscle stimulation

Abstract: We propose a technique that allows an unprecedented level of dexterity in electrical muscle stimulation (EMS), i.e., it allows interactive EMS-based devices to flex the user's fingers independently of each other. EMS is a promising technique for force feedback because of its small form factor when compared to mechanical actuators. However, the current EMS approach to flexing the user's fingers (i.e., attaching electrodes to the base of the forearm, where finger muscles anchor) is limited by its inability to flex a target finger's metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint independently of the other fingers. In other words, current EMS devices cannot flex one finger alone, they always induce unwanted actuation to adjacent fingers. To tackle the lack of dexterity, we propose and validate a new electrode layout that places the electrodes on the back of the hand, where they stimulate the interossei/lumbricals muscles in the palm, which have never received attention with regards to EMS. In our user study, we found that our technique offers four key benefits when compared to existing EMS electrode layouts: our technique (1) flexes all four fingers around the MCP joint more independently; (2) has less unwanted flexion of other joints (such as the proximal interphalangeal joint); (3) is more robust to wrist rotations; and (4) reduces calibration time. Therefore, our EMS technique enables applications for interactive EMS systems that require a level of flexion dexterity not available until now. We demonstrate the improved dexterity with four example applications: three musical instrumental tutorials (piano, drum, and guitar) and a VR application that renders force feedback in individual fingers while manipulating a yo-yo.
Title: Ungrounded Vari-Dimensional Tactile Fingertip Feedback for Virtual Object Interaction
Authors: family: Young
given: Eric M.; family: Kuchenbecker
given: Katherine J.
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: tactile feedback, six-degree-of-freedom, haptic exploration, wearable, fingertip

Abstract: Compared to grounded force feedback, providing tactile feedback via a wearable device can free the user and broaden the potential applications of simulated physical interactions. However, neither the limitations nor the full potential of tactile-only feedback have been precisely examined. Here we investigate how the dimensionality of cutaneous fingertip feedback affects user movements and virtual object recognition. We combine a recently invented 6-DOF fingertip device with motion tracking, a head-mounted display, and novel contact-rendering algorithms to enable a user to tactilely explore immersive virtual environments. We evaluate rudimentary 1-DOF, moderate 3-DOF, and complex 6-DOF tactile feedback during shape discrimination and mass discrimination, also comparing to interactions with real objects. Results from 20 naive study participants show that higher-dimensional tactile feedback may indeed allow completion of a wider range of virtual tasks, but that feedback dimensionality surprisingly does not greatly affect the exploratory techniques employed by the user.
Title: GuideCopter - A Precise Drone-Based Haptic Guidance Interface for Blind or Visually Impaired People
Authors: family: Huppert
given: Felix; family: Hoelzl
given: Gerold; family: Kranz
given: Matthias
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: visually challenged people, tracking, localization, haptic interface, guidance

Abstract: Drone assisted navigation aids for supporting walking activities of visually impaired have been established in related work but fine-point object grasping tasks and the object localization in unknown environments still presents an open and complex challenge. We present a drone-based interface that provides fine-grain haptic feedback and thus physically guides them in hand-object localization tasks in unknown surroundings. Our research is built around community groups of blind or visually impaired (BVI) people, which provide in-depth insights during the development process and serve later as study participants. A pilot study infers users’ sensibility to applied guiding stimuli forces and the different human-drone tether interfacing possibilities. In a comparative follow-up study, we show that our drone-based approach achieves greater accuracy compared to a current audio-based hand guiding system and delivers overall a more intuitive and relatable fine-point guiding experience.
Title: Squish This: Force Input on Soft Surfacesfor Visual Targeting Tasks
Authors: family: Fruchard
given: Bruno; family: Strohmeier
given: Paul; family: Bennewitz
given: Roland; family: Steimle
given: Jürgen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: Pressure Input, Force Input, User Study, Soft Surfaces

Abstract: Today’s typical input device is flat, rigid and made of glass. However, advances in sensing technology and interaction design suggest thinking about input on other surface, including soft materials. While touching rigid and soft materials might feel similar, they clearly feel different when pressure is applied to them. Yet, to date, studies only investigated force input on rigid surfaces. We present a first systematic evaluation of the effects of compliance on force input. Results of a visual targeting task for three levels of softness indicate that high force levels appear more demanding for soft surfaces, but that performance is otherwise similar. Performance remained very high (∼ 5% for 20 force levels) regardless of the compliance, suggesting force input was underestimated so far. We infer implications for the design of force input on soft surfaces and conclude that interaction models used on rigid surfaces might be used on soft surfaces.
Title: Visuo-haptic Illusions for Linear Translation and Stretching using Physical Proxies in Virtual Reality
Authors: family: Feick
given: Martin; family: Kleer
given: Niko; family: Zenner
given: André; family: Tang
given: Anthony; family: Krüger
given: Antonio
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: Virtual Reality, Visuo-haptic Illusions, Tangible Interfaces, Proxy Objects, Haptics

Abstract: Providing haptic feedback when manipulating virtual objects is an essential part of immersive virtual reality experiences; however, it is challenging to replicate all of an object's properties and characteristics. We propose the use of visuo-haptic illusions alongside physical proxies to enhance the scope of proxy-based interactions with virtual objects. In this work, we focus on two manipulation techniques, linear translation and stretching across different distances, and investigate how much discrepancy between the physical proxy and the virtual object may be introduced without participants noticing. In a study with 24 participants, we found that manipulation technique and travel distance significantly affect the detection thresholds, and that visuo-haptic illusions impact performance and accuracy. We show that this technique can be used to enable functional proxy objects that act as stand-ins for multiple virtual objects, illustrating the technique through a showcase VR-DJ application.
Title: Soma-noti: Delivering Notifications Through Under-clothing Wearables
Authors: family: Bhatia
given: Arpit; family: Kundu
given: Dhruv; family: Agarwal
given: Suyash; family: Kairon
given: Varnika; family: Parnami
given: Aman
Venue: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Keywords: wearable output, badge, Notifications

Abstract: Different form factors of wearable technology provide unique opportunities for output based on how they are connected to the human body. In this work, we investigate the idea of delivering notifications through devices worn on the underside of a user’s clothing. A wearable worn in such a manner is in direct contact with the user’s skin. We leverage this proximity to test the performance of 10 on-skin sensations (Press, Poke, Pinch, Heat, Cool, Blow, Suck, Vibrate, Moisture and Brush) as methods of notification delivery. We developed prototypes for each stimulus and conducted a user study to evaluate them across 6 locations commonly covered by upper body clothing. Results indicate significant differences in reaction time, error rates and comfort which may influence the design of future under-clothing wearables.