instruction
stringclasses 2
values | input
stringlengths 2
13.6k
| output
stringlengths 2
13.6k
|
|---|---|---|
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 小拐超低渗裂缝性油藏注水开发数值模拟研究 | NUMERICAL SIMULATION STUDY OF WATER INJECTION DEVELOPMENT IN AN EXTREME-LOW-PERMEABILITY FRACTURED RESERVOIR, XIAOGUAI OILFIELD |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | NUMERICAL SIMULATION STUDY OF WATER INJECTION DEVELOPMENT IN AN EXTREME-LOW-PERMEABILITY FRACTURED RESERVOIR, XIAOGUAI OILFIELD | 小拐超低渗裂缝性油藏注水开发数值模拟研究 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 分子蒸馏过程的计算流体力学模拟 | Simulation of computational fluid dynamics for molecular distillation process |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Simulation of computational fluid dynamics for molecular distillation process | 分子蒸馏过程的计算流体力学模拟 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | La1-xCaxMnO3稀土氧化物多晶材料的制备与性能 | PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF La1-xCaxMnO3 POLYCRYSTAL TARGET BY CO-PRECIPITATION |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF La1-xCaxMnO3 POLYCRYSTAL TARGET BY CO-PRECIPITATION | La1-xCaxMnO3稀土氧化物多晶材料的制备与性能 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 薄层CT平扫对主动脉夹层诊断的价值 | The value of non-enhanced thin-slice CT in diagnosis of aortic dissection |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | The value of non-enhanced thin-slice CT in diagnosis of aortic dissection | 薄层CT平扫对主动脉夹层诊断的价值 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 汉语儿童英语阅读障碍者大脑两半球功能特征的变化 | A Study on Characteristics of Cerebral Hemispheres in Chinese Children with English Reading Disorder |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | A Study on Characteristics of Cerebral Hemispheres in Chinese Children with English Reading Disorder | 汉语儿童英语阅读障碍者大脑两半球功能特征的变化 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 设计思维中的沿袭与开放 | THE TRADITION AND OPENING IN DESIGN THINKING |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | THE TRADITION AND OPENING IN DESIGN THINKING | 设计思维中的沿袭与开放 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 一种基于数字空间的空间站任务飞控事件规划方法。针对空间站任务飞控事件规划问题,结合资源约束、飞控事件需求数据维度高、事件间互相影响等特点,提出一种基于数字空间的飞控事件规划方法,将飞控事件规划问题转化为数字模型构建、数值计算及飞控事件时序设计问题.结合空间站应用实例,给出了飞控事件规划流程和规划结果分析,验证了方法的有效性,为空间站任务飞控事件规划问题提供了新思路. | A Digital Space Based Flight Control Event Planning Method for Space Station Missions. A digital space based flight control event planning method is proposed to address the flight control event planning issue for space station missions,taking into account the high data dimensionality of resource constraints,flight control event requirements,and the mutual influence between the events.The method transforms the flight control event planning problem into the problems of digital model construction,numerical calculation,and flight control event timing design.Based on an application example,a flight control event planning process is provided,and the planning results are analyzed,which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.This study provides a new approach for the planning of flight control events for space station missions. |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | A Digital Space Based Flight Control Event Planning Method for Space Station Missions. A digital space based flight control event planning method is proposed to address the flight control event planning issue for space station missions,taking into account the high data dimensionality of resource constraints,flight control event requirements,and the mutual influence between the events.The method transforms the flight control event planning problem into the problems of digital model construction,numerical calculation,and flight control event timing design.Based on an application example,a flight control event planning process is provided,and the planning results are analyzed,which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.This study provides a new approach for the planning of flight control events for space station missions. | 一种基于数字空间的空间站任务飞控事件规划方法。针对空间站任务飞控事件规划问题,结合资源约束、飞控事件需求数据维度高、事件间互相影响等特点,提出一种基于数字空间的飞控事件规划方法,将飞控事件规划问题转化为数字模型构建、数值计算及飞控事件时序设计问题.结合空间站应用实例,给出了飞控事件规划流程和规划结果分析,验证了方法的有效性,为空间站任务飞控事件规划问题提供了新思路. |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 羌族纪实影像:梳理与价值勾连 | Qiang Documentary Films:Carding and Finding the Relevant Value |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Qiang Documentary Films:Carding and Finding the Relevant Value | 羌族纪实影像:梳理与价值勾连 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 论中国航空工业企业实施先进生产模式的取向 | On the Way of Implementing Advanced Production Modes in China's Aeronautical Industrial Enterprises |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | On the Way of Implementing Advanced Production Modes in China's Aeronautical Industrial Enterprises | 论中国航空工业企业实施先进生产模式的取向 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 百令胶囊对大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。目的：观察百令胶囊对大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法：采用夹闭大鼠双侧肾动脉45min后再灌注45min的方法，建立大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤的动物模型。测定血清内源性超氧化物歧化酶（SOD ）、丙二醛（MDA）、血清肌酐（Cr）和尿素氮（BUN），并以此评价百令胶囊对大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤的影响。结果：百令胶囊组MDA值显著降低（P ＜0．05），血清SOD含量升高，血清肌酐及尿素氮含量较模型组明显降低，两组比较有显著性差异（P ＜0．05）。结论：百令胶囊可以减轻肾小管细胞的损伤，对急性肾缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用，其作用机制可能为清除自由基抑制脂质过氧化而改善肾功能。 | Bailing capsule on rats with acute renal ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. Objective :To observe the protective effect of Bailing capsule on rats with acute renal ischemia reperfusion injury .Methods :The method of clipping in rats with bilateral renal artery and 45min reperfusion 45min , the establishment of animal models of acute renal ischemia-reperfusion injury .Determination of serum endogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD) ,malondialdehyde (MDA) ,serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) ,and take assessment of Bailing capsule in rats with acute renal ischemia reperfusion injury impact .Results :Bailing cap-sule group MDA values were significantly lower (P<0 .05) ,elevated serum SOD levels ,serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen content significantly lower than in model group ,the two groups difference was statistically significant (P <0 .05) .Conclusion:Bailing capsule can reduce the renal tubular cell injury ,acute renal ischemia reperfusion in-jury has a protective effect ,and its mechanism for free radical scavenging inhibition of lipid peroxidation and improve renal function . |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Bailing capsule on rats with acute renal ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. Objective :To observe the protective effect of Bailing capsule on rats with acute renal ischemia reperfusion injury .Methods :The method of clipping in rats with bilateral renal artery and 45min reperfusion 45min , the establishment of animal models of acute renal ischemia-reperfusion injury .Determination of serum endogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD) ,malondialdehyde (MDA) ,serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) ,and take assessment of Bailing capsule in rats with acute renal ischemia reperfusion injury impact .Results :Bailing cap-sule group MDA values were significantly lower (P<0 .05) ,elevated serum SOD levels ,serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen content significantly lower than in model group ,the two groups difference was statistically significant (P <0 .05) .Conclusion:Bailing capsule can reduce the renal tubular cell injury ,acute renal ischemia reperfusion in-jury has a protective effect ,and its mechanism for free radical scavenging inhibition of lipid peroxidation and improve renal function . | 百令胶囊对大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。目的：观察百令胶囊对大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法：采用夹闭大鼠双侧肾动脉45min后再灌注45min的方法，建立大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤的动物模型。测定血清内源性超氧化物歧化酶（SOD ）、丙二醛（MDA）、血清肌酐（Cr）和尿素氮（BUN），并以此评价百令胶囊对大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤的影响。结果：百令胶囊组MDA值显著降低（P ＜0．05），血清SOD含量升高，血清肌酐及尿素氮含量较模型组明显降低，两组比较有显著性差异（P ＜0．05）。结论：百令胶囊可以减轻肾小管细胞的损伤，对急性肾缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用，其作用机制可能为清除自由基抑制脂质过氧化而改善肾功能。 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 成人急性白血病患者外周血T细胞亚群、NK细胞动态监测 | Dynamic monitoring of T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells in peripheral blood among adult AL patients |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Dynamic monitoring of T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells in peripheral blood among adult AL patients | 成人急性白血病患者外周血T细胞亚群、NK细胞动态监测 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 弗雷格真理论研究 | A research into Frege's theory of truth |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | A research into Frege's theory of truth | 弗雷格真理论研究 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 基于ARM和freeRTOS的围棋机器人控制器设计 | Design of Go robot controller based on ARM and freeRTOS |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Design of Go robot controller based on ARM and freeRTOS | 基于ARM和freeRTOS的围棋机器人控制器设计 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 中心性渗出性脉络膜视网膜病变的光学相干断层扫描图像特征分析 | Optical coherence tomography on central exudative chorioretinopathy |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Optical coherence tomography on central exudative chorioretinopathy | 中心性渗出性脉络膜视网膜病变的光学相干断层扫描图像特征分析 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | FTY720与ICAM-1单抗对小鼠-大鼠异种心脏移植抗排斥的作用 | Effect of mono and combination therapy with FTY720 and ICAM-1 mAb for mouse-to-rat cardiac xenotransplantation |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Effect of mono and combination therapy with FTY720 and ICAM-1 mAb for mouse-to-rat cardiac xenotransplantation | FTY720与ICAM-1单抗对小鼠-大鼠异种心脏移植抗排斥的作用 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 矿山工程结算信息系统的开发实践 | The development of project's outlay computation information system for mine |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | The development of project's outlay computation information system for mine | 矿山工程结算信息系统的开发实践 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 基于模型参考自适应的SPMSM参数在线辨识策略 | Online Parameter Identification of SPMSM Based on Model Reference Adaptive |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Online Parameter Identification of SPMSM Based on Model Reference Adaptive | 基于模型参考自适应的SPMSM参数在线辨识策略 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 小麦田间测产和实际产量转换系数实证研究 | Empirical Study on Conversion Factors between Yield Monitoring and Actual Yield of Winter Wheat |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Empirical Study on Conversion Factors between Yield Monitoring and Actual Yield of Winter Wheat | 小麦田间测产和实际产量转换系数实证研究 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 农药生物传感器所用酶的比较研究 | Study on Esterase Used in Biosensor for Pesticide Residue Assay |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Study on Esterase Used in Biosensor for Pesticide Residue Assay | 农药生物传感器所用酶的比较研究 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 基于 RFID 的电力仪器设备管理平台关键技术研究。针对电力企业中生产试验仪器、计量设备和工具器具等固定资产使用地点分散、使用状态难以跟踪、管理难度大的特点，采用射频识别技术构建电力仪器设备管理平台。通过分析电力仪器设备管理流程，研究兼顾动态和固定信息的资产编码方法和基于三层架构的数据同步机制，实现电力仪器设备从登记、入库、检定、调拨、维修到报废的全过程管理。该平台可实现资产变动信息与实物信息的实时一致，能够为电力企业资产合理调配提供了准确的参考数据，提高设备使用率，减少设备的闲置和浪费。 | Research on key technology of electric power instrument and equipments management platform based on radio frequency identification. Aimed at characteristics of scattered locations, status tracking and management difficulty for the test instrument , measuring equipments and other tools in the power enterprise , the electric power instrument and equipment management platform is established by using the radio frequency identification technology .Through the management flow analysis of the electric power instrument and equipment, and the dynamic and fixed asset coding method and three layer architecture based data synchronization mechanism are studied.The whole process management of electric power instruments and equipments can be realized including registration, verification, storage, calibration, transfer, maintenance and scrap by the platform.Also the uniformity and real-time changes between system and real instrument can be achieved, as well as the accurate data for electric power enterprise asset allocation can be obtained which can improve equipment utilization and reduce waste . |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Research on key technology of electric power instrument and equipments management platform based on radio frequency identification. Aimed at characteristics of scattered locations, status tracking and management difficulty for the test instrument , measuring equipments and other tools in the power enterprise , the electric power instrument and equipment management platform is established by using the radio frequency identification technology .Through the management flow analysis of the electric power instrument and equipment, and the dynamic and fixed asset coding method and three layer architecture based data synchronization mechanism are studied.The whole process management of electric power instruments and equipments can be realized including registration, verification, storage, calibration, transfer, maintenance and scrap by the platform.Also the uniformity and real-time changes between system and real instrument can be achieved, as well as the accurate data for electric power enterprise asset allocation can be obtained which can improve equipment utilization and reduce waste . | 基于 RFID 的电力仪器设备管理平台关键技术研究。针对电力企业中生产试验仪器、计量设备和工具器具等固定资产使用地点分散、使用状态难以跟踪、管理难度大的特点，采用射频识别技术构建电力仪器设备管理平台。通过分析电力仪器设备管理流程，研究兼顾动态和固定信息的资产编码方法和基于三层架构的数据同步机制，实现电力仪器设备从登记、入库、检定、调拨、维修到报废的全过程管理。该平台可实现资产变动信息与实物信息的实时一致，能够为电力企业资产合理调配提供了准确的参考数据，提高设备使用率，减少设备的闲置和浪费。 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 天人共缘起，宇宙无主宰--原始佛教缘起学说解读。佛陀以“四谛八正道”、“五蕴十二因缘”为核心，创立了“脱苦了生”的佛教，其核心思想是“缘起性空”论。缘起学说可以从人类的生成论与宇宙社会的的生成论两方面进行解释。原始佛教讲人类的缘起，主要立足于十二缘起学说。十二因缘果因相扣，逆顺攀援，在正智观下都归结为空。故十二因缘的佛法深义，其实是人的思想行为的自我因果关系对行为制造者的自我缠缚。为了进一步驳斥婆悉吒的种姓优劣神定的谬论，佛陀还用万法缘起而非神造的唯物论系统地讲述了宇宙万有和人类及人类家庭、私有制、社会、国家制度形成的历史过程。总而言之，佛陀以缘起学说阐述人类与宇宙的生成，有着浓重的唯物主义倾向。 | An Interpretation of Origin Theories of Primitive Buddhism. Budda estabiished Buddahism for peopie to pass iifetime fuii of sufferings,focusing on"Aryastangika-ar-ga and Cattāri-ariya-saccāni"and"skanaha and dvadasˊānga-pratitya-samutpāda",based mainiy on the theory of"dependent-arising and emptiness". The theory of dependent-arising can be interpreted in both in human genera-tion theory and universe society generation theory. The expianation of human origins in primitive Buddahism is mainiy based on the theory of dvadasˊānga-pratitya-samutpāda,which can be reduced to emptiness. As a matter of fact, the profound teaching of dvada sˊānga-pratitya-samutpāda is of cause-resuit reiationship of human thoughts and behaviors forming a seif -constraint for the subject. Budda aiao systematicaiiy expiained the historicai formation process of the universe and human beings and human famiiies,private ownership,society,state system etc. |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | An Interpretation of Origin Theories of Primitive Buddhism. Budda estabiished Buddahism for peopie to pass iifetime fuii of sufferings,focusing on"Aryastangika-ar-ga and Cattāri-ariya-saccāni"and"skanaha and dvadasˊānga-pratitya-samutpāda",based mainiy on the theory of"dependent-arising and emptiness". The theory of dependent-arising can be interpreted in both in human genera-tion theory and universe society generation theory. The expianation of human origins in primitive Buddahism is mainiy based on the theory of dvadasˊānga-pratitya-samutpāda,which can be reduced to emptiness. As a matter of fact, the profound teaching of dvada sˊānga-pratitya-samutpāda is of cause-resuit reiationship of human thoughts and behaviors forming a seif -constraint for the subject. Budda aiao systematicaiiy expiained the historicai formation process of the universe and human beings and human famiiies,private ownership,society,state system etc. | 天人共缘起，宇宙无主宰--原始佛教缘起学说解读。佛陀以“四谛八正道”、“五蕴十二因缘”为核心，创立了“脱苦了生”的佛教，其核心思想是“缘起性空”论。缘起学说可以从人类的生成论与宇宙社会的的生成论两方面进行解释。原始佛教讲人类的缘起，主要立足于十二缘起学说。十二因缘果因相扣，逆顺攀援，在正智观下都归结为空。故十二因缘的佛法深义，其实是人的思想行为的自我因果关系对行为制造者的自我缠缚。为了进一步驳斥婆悉吒的种姓优劣神定的谬论，佛陀还用万法缘起而非神造的唯物论系统地讲述了宇宙万有和人类及人类家庭、私有制、社会、国家制度形成的历史过程。总而言之，佛陀以缘起学说阐述人类与宇宙的生成，有着浓重的唯物主义倾向。 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 郯庐断裂带宿迁段F5断裂浅层地震勘探新证据 | NEW EVIDENCES OF THE HOLOCENE FAULT IN SUQIAN SEGMENT OF THE TANLU FAULT ZONE DISCOVERED BY SHALLOW SEISMIC EXPLORATION METHOD |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | NEW EVIDENCES OF THE HOLOCENE FAULT IN SUQIAN SEGMENT OF THE TANLU FAULT ZONE DISCOVERED BY SHALLOW SEISMIC EXPLORATION METHOD | 郯庐断裂带宿迁段F5断裂浅层地震勘探新证据 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 某型滑油冷却风扇振动特性分析。为避免工作状态下风扇转子由于自身工作转速及相关的激振频率引起的共振现象,通过试验模态分析及数值模态分析结合的方法对转子振动特性进行分析,并与改进前的转子进行对比.结果表明,以静子尾流产生的激振力对应的共振转速与转子的工作转速相接近,改进后的转子各阶固有频率提升但共振裕度减小,因此在风扇使用过程中应保证其完整性,从而避免疲劳断裂等安全隐患. | Vibration Characteristics Analysis of a Lube Cooling Fan. In order to avoid the resonance caused by the working speed of the rotor and the relevant excitation frequency,the vibration characteristics of the rotor of a fan are analyzed experimentally and numerically.The result of the analysis after the improvement of the rotor is compared with that of the original rotor.It is shown that the working speed of the rotor is close to the resonant speed corresponding to the excitation force induced by the stator's tail zone flow. The natural frequency of each order increases but its resonance margin decreases compared with the original rotor.Thus,to avoid the security risks,such as fatigue fracture,the integrity of the fan should be ensured during its operation. |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Vibration Characteristics Analysis of a Lube Cooling Fan. In order to avoid the resonance caused by the working speed of the rotor and the relevant excitation frequency,the vibration characteristics of the rotor of a fan are analyzed experimentally and numerically.The result of the analysis after the improvement of the rotor is compared with that of the original rotor.It is shown that the working speed of the rotor is close to the resonant speed corresponding to the excitation force induced by the stator's tail zone flow. The natural frequency of each order increases but its resonance margin decreases compared with the original rotor.Thus,to avoid the security risks,such as fatigue fracture,the integrity of the fan should be ensured during its operation. | 某型滑油冷却风扇振动特性分析。为避免工作状态下风扇转子由于自身工作转速及相关的激振频率引起的共振现象,通过试验模态分析及数值模态分析结合的方法对转子振动特性进行分析,并与改进前的转子进行对比.结果表明,以静子尾流产生的激振力对应的共振转速与转子的工作转速相接近,改进后的转子各阶固有频率提升但共振裕度减小,因此在风扇使用过程中应保证其完整性,从而避免疲劳断裂等安全隐患. |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 新型矿用智能水压传感器的设计 | Design of a Novel Mine-used Intelligent Water-pressure Sensor |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Design of a Novel Mine-used Intelligent Water-pressure Sensor | 新型矿用智能水压传感器的设计 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 41Ca的AMS测量方法及在生物医学领域的应用。钙(Ca)的长寿命放射性核素41Ca是理想且安全的生物示踪剂,在生物医学领域具有重要价值,但其发展一直受制于测量技术.传统衰变计数法测量效率极低、样品需求量高且耗费时间长,无法有效开展41Ca分析;普通质谱方法很难剔除同量异位素41K和分子碎片的干扰,难以获得理想的探测限.而加速器质谱法(AMS)测定41Ca具有样品用量小(mg量级)、测量时间短(约1 h)、检测灵敏度高(41Ca/40Ca丰度灵敏度最低可至10-15)等优点,是目前分析41Ca最常用的方法.AMS测量的关键是如何有效剔除或分离同量异位素41K.本研究从样品形式的选择和仪器技术两方面综述了41Ca的AMS测量方法发展进程.一方面,使用CaH2或CaF2作为主要样品形式目前可以有效抑制41K的干扰.CaF2制备流程更简单,存储更方便,束流引出阶段对同量异位素41K的抑制在4个量级左右,满足添加41Ca为示踪剂的生物医学样品的分析要求.另一方面,随着AMS逐渐小型化,41Ca-AMS测量技术也在不断改进.对比不同能量下AMS分析41Ca的特点、优势和局限性,其中:高能量大型(≥ 5 MV)AMS对41K有足够的辨别能力,测量灵敏度一般在10-14～10-15,但由于成本和仪器运行专业性过高的要求,使其应用不够广泛;低能量小型(≤3 MV)AMS应用最为广泛,虽然只能将41Ca和41K部分分离,但可以通过dE/dx、ΔTOF和ISA等方法对41Ca实现直接测量,测量灵敏度在10-12～10-13或有望更低;而更低能量的紧凑型(≤ 1 MV)AMS无法在低能量情况下将41Ca和41K分离,只能通过39K校正的间接方法实现对41Ca的测量,测量灵敏度一般为10-11～10-12之间.在此基础上,本研究介绍了基于41Ca-AMS分析技术在生物医学领域中的应用.41Ca示踪技术是目前探究生物体骨钙代谢的重要手段,在评估人类骨骼健康、监测骨重塑动态和建立人类钙平衡的线性动力学模型等方面具有潜力.41Ca-AMS示踪技术可以用于临床医学中相关疾病的早期诊断和预后监测;评估失重对股骨摄取外源钙能力的影响以及骨量下降和骨钙代谢紊乱的机理,从而提出针对性的预防和治疗措施;41Ca标记体内钙库,可以更精准的测量钙吸收率,为临床上补钙剂量的确定提供理论指导;还可以通过探究细胞内钙离子动力学从而研究相关疾病的机理.此外,41Ca-AMS技术还可以对植物体进行示踪研究,有望为农作物的科学补钙和破译植物-土壤系统界面化学相互作用过程提供帮助.可见,41Ca在生物医学领域研究中具有广泛的应用,且由于其极低的放射性,在涉及人体的研究中其安全性有着不可替代的优势,而近年随着国内41Ca-AMS分析技术的发展,有望为我国深入开展相关前沿研究提供技术支撑. | Research Progress of AMS Measurement of 41Ca and Its Biomedical Applications. 41Ca,a long-lived radioactive isotope of calcium(Ca),is considered as an ideal biological tracer,and has been widely used in the biomedical field.But its develop-ment has been limited by measurement techniques.The traditional decay counting meas-urement techniques cannot be used for 41Ca analysis due to its low measurement efficien-cy,high sample requirement and long time consuming.It is also difficult to eliminate interferences from the stable 41K isobar and molecular species so as to obtain the ideal detection limit for conventional mass spectrometric measurements.However,accelera-tor mass spectrometry(AMS)is the most commonly analysis method for 41 Ca,which has the advantages of smaller sample size(mg magnitude),shorter measurement time(～1 h)and higher detection sensitivity(41Ca/40Ca abundance sensitivity can be 10-15).The key of 41Ca AMS measurement is how to eliminate or separate the isobar 41K.In this paper,the development of AMS measurement methods for 41Ca was reviewed from the selection of sample form and instrument technology.On the one hand,the use of either CaH2 or CaF2 can effectively inhibit the interferences from the stable 41K isobar.In contrast,the preparation process of CaF2 is simpler and more convenient to store.In the beam extraction stage,the suppression of the isobar 41K is about 4 orders of magni-tude,which satisfies the measurement requirements of biological samples with 41Ca as tracer.On the other hand,41Ca-AMS measurement technology has improved as AMS has been miniaturized.We compared the characteristics,advantages and limitations of different energy AMS for 41Ca analysis.The large(≥ 5 MV)AMS has sufficient ability to discriminate 41K,and the measurement sensitivity is generally 10-14 to 10-15.But it is not widely used due to the high cost and professional requirements of instrument opera-tion.For the small(≤3 MV)AMS that are the most widely used,the dE/dx,ΔTOF and ISA method can be used to partially separate 41Ca from 41K.The measurement sensitivity is on the order of 10-12 to 10-13 and is expected to be lower.The compact AMS with lower energy(≤ 1 MV)cannot separate 41Ca and 41K at low energy.But it can analyse 41Ca indirectly by measure 39K to correct for the 41K background,and the measurement sensitivity is generally 10-11 to 10-12.On this basis,the application of 41Ca-AMS analysis technology in the biomedicine field was introduced.41Ca-AMS analy-sis technology is an important means to investigate the bone metabolism in organisms.It has certain potential in evaluating human bone health,monitoring bone remodeling dynamics,and establishing linear dynamic models of human calcium balance.41Ca-AMS tracer technology can be used for early diagnosis and prognostic monitoring of related diseases in clinical medicine.This technique can also evaluate the effect of weightless-ness on the ability of femur to take up exogenous calcium and the mechanism of bone mass loss and bone calcium metabolism disorder,so as to propose targeted preventive and therapeutic measures.By using 41Ca to label the calcium reservoir in vivo,the calci-um absorption rate can be measured more accurately,which provides theoretical guid-ance for the determination of clinical calcium supplement dose.The intracellular dynam-ics of calcium ions can also be investigated by 41Ca-AMS tracer technology to study the mechanism of related diseases.In addition,41Ca-AMS technology can also conduct trac-er studies on plants,which is expected to provide help for scientific calcium supplemen-tation of crops and deciphering the chemical interaction process at the interface of plant-soil system.Thus,41Ca has been widely used in the biomedical field,and it is irreplace-able because of its security in the study of the human body.In recent years,with the development of domestic 41Ca-AMS analysis technology,it is expected to provide techni-cal support for the further development of related frontier research in the future. |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Research Progress of AMS Measurement of 41Ca and Its Biomedical Applications. 41Ca,a long-lived radioactive isotope of calcium(Ca),is considered as an ideal biological tracer,and has been widely used in the biomedical field.But its develop-ment has been limited by measurement techniques.The traditional decay counting meas-urement techniques cannot be used for 41Ca analysis due to its low measurement efficien-cy,high sample requirement and long time consuming.It is also difficult to eliminate interferences from the stable 41K isobar and molecular species so as to obtain the ideal detection limit for conventional mass spectrometric measurements.However,accelera-tor mass spectrometry(AMS)is the most commonly analysis method for 41 Ca,which has the advantages of smaller sample size(mg magnitude),shorter measurement time(～1 h)and higher detection sensitivity(41Ca/40Ca abundance sensitivity can be 10-15).The key of 41Ca AMS measurement is how to eliminate or separate the isobar 41K.In this paper,the development of AMS measurement methods for 41Ca was reviewed from the selection of sample form and instrument technology.On the one hand,the use of either CaH2 or CaF2 can effectively inhibit the interferences from the stable 41K isobar.In contrast,the preparation process of CaF2 is simpler and more convenient to store.In the beam extraction stage,the suppression of the isobar 41K is about 4 orders of magni-tude,which satisfies the measurement requirements of biological samples with 41Ca as tracer.On the other hand,41Ca-AMS measurement technology has improved as AMS has been miniaturized.We compared the characteristics,advantages and limitations of different energy AMS for 41Ca analysis.The large(≥ 5 MV)AMS has sufficient ability to discriminate 41K,and the measurement sensitivity is generally 10-14 to 10-15.But it is not widely used due to the high cost and professional requirements of instrument opera-tion.For the small(≤3 MV)AMS that are the most widely used,the dE/dx,ΔTOF and ISA method can be used to partially separate 41Ca from 41K.The measurement sensitivity is on the order of 10-12 to 10-13 and is expected to be lower.The compact AMS with lower energy(≤ 1 MV)cannot separate 41Ca and 41K at low energy.But it can analyse 41Ca indirectly by measure 39K to correct for the 41K background,and the measurement sensitivity is generally 10-11 to 10-12.On this basis,the application of 41Ca-AMS analysis technology in the biomedicine field was introduced.41Ca-AMS analy-sis technology is an important means to investigate the bone metabolism in organisms.It has certain potential in evaluating human bone health,monitoring bone remodeling dynamics,and establishing linear dynamic models of human calcium balance.41Ca-AMS tracer technology can be used for early diagnosis and prognostic monitoring of related diseases in clinical medicine.This technique can also evaluate the effect of weightless-ness on the ability of femur to take up exogenous calcium and the mechanism of bone mass loss and bone calcium metabolism disorder,so as to propose targeted preventive and therapeutic measures.By using 41Ca to label the calcium reservoir in vivo,the calci-um absorption rate can be measured more accurately,which provides theoretical guid-ance for the determination of clinical calcium supplement dose.The intracellular dynam-ics of calcium ions can also be investigated by 41Ca-AMS tracer technology to study the mechanism of related diseases.In addition,41Ca-AMS technology can also conduct trac-er studies on plants,which is expected to provide help for scientific calcium supplemen-tation of crops and deciphering the chemical interaction process at the interface of plant-soil system.Thus,41Ca has been widely used in the biomedical field,and it is irreplace-able because of its security in the study of the human body.In recent years,with the development of domestic 41Ca-AMS analysis technology,it is expected to provide techni-cal support for the further development of related frontier research in the future. | 41Ca的AMS测量方法及在生物医学领域的应用。钙(Ca)的长寿命放射性核素41Ca是理想且安全的生物示踪剂,在生物医学领域具有重要价值,但其发展一直受制于测量技术.传统衰变计数法测量效率极低、样品需求量高且耗费时间长,无法有效开展41Ca分析;普通质谱方法很难剔除同量异位素41K和分子碎片的干扰,难以获得理想的探测限.而加速器质谱法(AMS)测定41Ca具有样品用量小(mg量级)、测量时间短(约1 h)、检测灵敏度高(41Ca/40Ca丰度灵敏度最低可至10-15)等优点,是目前分析41Ca最常用的方法.AMS测量的关键是如何有效剔除或分离同量异位素41K.本研究从样品形式的选择和仪器技术两方面综述了41Ca的AMS测量方法发展进程.一方面,使用CaH2或CaF2作为主要样品形式目前可以有效抑制41K的干扰.CaF2制备流程更简单,存储更方便,束流引出阶段对同量异位素41K的抑制在4个量级左右,满足添加41Ca为示踪剂的生物医学样品的分析要求.另一方面,随着AMS逐渐小型化,41Ca-AMS测量技术也在不断改进.对比不同能量下AMS分析41Ca的特点、优势和局限性,其中:高能量大型(≥ 5 MV)AMS对41K有足够的辨别能力,测量灵敏度一般在10-14～10-15,但由于成本和仪器运行专业性过高的要求,使其应用不够广泛;低能量小型(≤3 MV)AMS应用最为广泛,虽然只能将41Ca和41K部分分离,但可以通过dE/dx、ΔTOF和ISA等方法对41Ca实现直接测量,测量灵敏度在10-12～10-13或有望更低;而更低能量的紧凑型(≤ 1 MV)AMS无法在低能量情况下将41Ca和41K分离,只能通过39K校正的间接方法实现对41Ca的测量,测量灵敏度一般为10-11～10-12之间.在此基础上,本研究介绍了基于41Ca-AMS分析技术在生物医学领域中的应用.41Ca示踪技术是目前探究生物体骨钙代谢的重要手段,在评估人类骨骼健康、监测骨重塑动态和建立人类钙平衡的线性动力学模型等方面具有潜力.41Ca-AMS示踪技术可以用于临床医学中相关疾病的早期诊断和预后监测;评估失重对股骨摄取外源钙能力的影响以及骨量下降和骨钙代谢紊乱的机理,从而提出针对性的预防和治疗措施;41Ca标记体内钙库,可以更精准的测量钙吸收率,为临床上补钙剂量的确定提供理论指导;还可以通过探究细胞内钙离子动力学从而研究相关疾病的机理.此外,41Ca-AMS技术还可以对植物体进行示踪研究,有望为农作物的科学补钙和破译植物-土壤系统界面化学相互作用过程提供帮助.可见,41Ca在生物医学领域研究中具有广泛的应用,且由于其极低的放射性,在涉及人体的研究中其安全性有着不可替代的优势,而近年随着国内41Ca-AMS分析技术的发展,有望为我国深入开展相关前沿研究提供技术支撑. |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 话语权视域下的马克思主义话语体系构建:价值 、挑战与路径 | Construction of Marxist Discourse System from the Perspective of Discourse Right :Value ,Challenge and Path |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Construction of Marxist Discourse System from the Perspective of Discourse Right :Value ,Challenge and Path | 话语权视域下的马克思主义话语体系构建:价值 、挑战与路径 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 漏磁法无损检测中铁磁材料内部磁场分布的研究。铁磁材料内部磁场分布的计算是漏磁法无损检测的基本问题之一。首先利用磁荷理论计算漏磁通无损检测中常用的U形永磁体的磁场分布，利用尝试函数的方法建立了非均匀磁化条件下磁导率μ-H关系的数学模型，并与实验结果进行了比较，理论与实验结果符合得非常好，最后给出了材料内部的磁场分布的数学表达式。 | A RESEARCH ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF MAGNETIC FIELDIN FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS FOR MAGNETIC LEAKAGE FLUX NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING. The calculation of the magnetic field distribution in ferromagnetic materials is one of the fundamental problems in magnetic leakage flux NDT. Firstly, the distribution of magnetic field of U-shaped magnet was calculated with magnetic charge method; Secondly, with method of trial function, the dependence of μ on H was built and compared with experimental results. It was showed that the function of μ-H could properly describe the dependence of μ on H; Finally, the function of the magnetic field distribution in ferromagnetic materials was given. |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | A RESEARCH ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF MAGNETIC FIELDIN FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS FOR MAGNETIC LEAKAGE FLUX NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING. The calculation of the magnetic field distribution in ferromagnetic materials is one of the fundamental problems in magnetic leakage flux NDT. Firstly, the distribution of magnetic field of U-shaped magnet was calculated with magnetic charge method; Secondly, with method of trial function, the dependence of μ on H was built and compared with experimental results. It was showed that the function of μ-H could properly describe the dependence of μ on H; Finally, the function of the magnetic field distribution in ferromagnetic materials was given. | 漏磁法无损检测中铁磁材料内部磁场分布的研究。铁磁材料内部磁场分布的计算是漏磁法无损检测的基本问题之一。首先利用磁荷理论计算漏磁通无损检测中常用的U形永磁体的磁场分布，利用尝试函数的方法建立了非均匀磁化条件下磁导率μ-H关系的数学模型，并与实验结果进行了比较，理论与实验结果符合得非常好，最后给出了材料内部的磁场分布的数学表达式。 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂改善代谢综合征机制的研究进展 | Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in the treatment of metabolic syndrome |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in the treatment of metabolic syndrome | 钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂改善代谢综合征机制的研究进展 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 中国应对经济全球化的关键在于培育优势产业 | The Key to Face Global Economics Lies in Cultivating Superior Industries in China |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | The Key to Face Global Economics Lies in Cultivating Superior Industries in China | 中国应对经济全球化的关键在于培育优势产业 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 脑胶质瘤太赫兹全息成像探索 | Study on terahertz holographic imaging of brain glioma |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Study on terahertz holographic imaging of brain glioma | 脑胶质瘤太赫兹全息成像探索 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 基于前导肽和成熟区共进化提高米黑霉脂肪酶热稳定性研究 | Enhancing the thermostability of Rhizomucor miehei lipase through coevolution of the propeptide and the mature region |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Enhancing the thermostability of Rhizomucor miehei lipase through coevolution of the propeptide and the mature region | 基于前导肽和成熟区共进化提高米黑霉脂肪酶热稳定性研究 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 考虑SSI效应的核反应堆及地表地震反应 | Seismic responses of a reactor structure and its adjacent ground surface considering the soil-structure interaction effect |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Seismic responses of a reactor structure and its adjacent ground surface considering the soil-structure interaction effect | 考虑SSI效应的核反应堆及地表地震反应 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 电缆调制-解调器的技术进展 | Technology Development of Cable Modem |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Technology Development of Cable Modem | 电缆调制-解调器的技术进展 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 长江三角洲典型城市农田土壤重金属累积特征与来源 | Accumulation and Sources of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soil in a City Typical of the Yangtze River Delta, China |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Accumulation and Sources of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soil in a City Typical of the Yangtze River Delta, China | 长江三角洲典型城市农田土壤重金属累积特征与来源 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 多氯代二苯并呋喃的结构信息连接性指数与其在不同色谱柱上的气相色谱保留行为的关系 | Relationship Study Between the Retention Behavior on DiverseGas Chromatographic Stationary Phases and MolecularStructure Information Connectivity Indices of PCDFs |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Relationship Study Between the Retention Behavior on DiverseGas Chromatographic Stationary Phases and MolecularStructure Information Connectivity Indices of PCDFs | 多氯代二苯并呋喃的结构信息连接性指数与其在不同色谱柱上的气相色谱保留行为的关系 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 正交试验确定汽车安全气囊用气体发生剂配方的研究 | Cross-link Test for the Appropriate Composition of Gas Generating Agent for Automobile Safety Airbag |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Cross-link Test for the Appropriate Composition of Gas Generating Agent for Automobile Safety Airbag | 正交试验确定汽车安全气囊用气体发生剂配方的研究 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 抱头试验在神经根型颈椎病中的鉴别诊断价值 | Differential diagnosis value of head holding test in the cervical spondylotic radiculopathy |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Differential diagnosis value of head holding test in the cervical spondylotic radiculopathy | 抱头试验在神经根型颈椎病中的鉴别诊断价值 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 组织内部不公正对待与受害者情绪失调:一项周日志研究 | The Effects of Mistreatments within Organization on victims' Emotional Dissonance: A Weekly Diary Study |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | The Effects of Mistreatments within Organization on victims' Emotional Dissonance: A Weekly Diary Study | 组织内部不公正对待与受害者情绪失调:一项周日志研究 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 从《旧唐书》看史书语料在汉语史研究中的特点和价值 | The Characteristic and Value of Language Material of Historical Records in the Study of Chinese Language History for Example of Jiutangshu |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | The Characteristic and Value of Language Material of Historical Records in the Study of Chinese Language History for Example of Jiutangshu | 从《旧唐书》看史书语料在汉语史研究中的特点和价值 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 离子液体作为聚乙二醇(PEG)添加剂的摩擦学性能 | Tribological Properties of Ionic Liquid as Additives in Polyethylene Glycol |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Tribological Properties of Ionic Liquid as Additives in Polyethylene Glycol | 离子液体作为聚乙二醇(PEG)添加剂的摩擦学性能 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 明代湖南科举述评 | The Survey of the Imperial Examination in Hunan Province of Ming Dynasty |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | The Survey of the Imperial Examination in Hunan Province of Ming Dynasty | 明代湖南科举述评 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 影响重型颅脑损伤死亡率的相关因素分析(附207例报告) | Analysis of factors influencing the mortality of severe traumatic brain injured patients (report of 207 cases) |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Analysis of factors influencing the mortality of severe traumatic brain injured patients (report of 207 cases) | 影响重型颅脑损伤死亡率的相关因素分析(附207例报告) |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 油菜秸秆翻埋还田对水稻前期农艺性状及叶片几种酶活性的影响 | Effects of Oilseed Residue Incorporation on Rice Agronomic Traits and Several Enzyme Activities |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Effects of Oilseed Residue Incorporation on Rice Agronomic Traits and Several Enzyme Activities | 油菜秸秆翻埋还田对水稻前期农艺性状及叶片几种酶活性的影响 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 法团主义视角下政府与武术团体的关系——基于对G市武术协会及其分支机构的考察。运用访谈和文本分析等研究方法对G市武术协会进行案例分析,结果表明:G市武术协会在武术团体管理实践中,顺延了政府与社会组织的关系逻辑,将单项拳种研究会发展成自身的分支机构,运用一系列的行政手段增强了单项拳种研究会的运作能力以及提升其在体制内的参与地位,促进了民间武术的良好发展.由此,在G市武术领域形成了国家和社会法团主义相结合的实践模式.这种实践模式有效保障了民间武术资源的良好传承与发展. | The relationship between the government and Wushu groups from the perspective of corporatism——Based on the investigation of G City Wushu Association and its branches. By applying such research methods as interview and text analysis, the authors carried out a case analysis on G City Wushu Association. The result indicated that in Wushu group management, G City Wushu Association extended the logic of relationship between the government and social organizations, developed single event boxing research societies (hereinafter referred to as "boxing societies") into its own branches, and by applying s series of administrative means, enhanced the boxing societies' operating ability, promoted their participation status inside the system, and boosted the benign development of folk Wushu. Hence, a mode of practice that combines the state with social corporatism has been formed in the Wushu area in G city. Such a mode of practice effectively ensures the be-nign inheritance and development of folk Wushu resources. |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | The relationship between the government and Wushu groups from the perspective of corporatism——Based on the investigation of G City Wushu Association and its branches. By applying such research methods as interview and text analysis, the authors carried out a case analysis on G City Wushu Association. The result indicated that in Wushu group management, G City Wushu Association extended the logic of relationship between the government and social organizations, developed single event boxing research societies (hereinafter referred to as "boxing societies") into its own branches, and by applying s series of administrative means, enhanced the boxing societies' operating ability, promoted their participation status inside the system, and boosted the benign development of folk Wushu. Hence, a mode of practice that combines the state with social corporatism has been formed in the Wushu area in G city. Such a mode of practice effectively ensures the be-nign inheritance and development of folk Wushu resources. | 法团主义视角下政府与武术团体的关系——基于对G市武术协会及其分支机构的考察。运用访谈和文本分析等研究方法对G市武术协会进行案例分析,结果表明:G市武术协会在武术团体管理实践中,顺延了政府与社会组织的关系逻辑,将单项拳种研究会发展成自身的分支机构,运用一系列的行政手段增强了单项拳种研究会的运作能力以及提升其在体制内的参与地位,促进了民间武术的良好发展.由此,在G市武术领域形成了国家和社会法团主义相结合的实践模式.这种实践模式有效保障了民间武术资源的良好传承与发展. |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 扬州市新农村建设中水土保持存在的问题及对策 | Problems and Countermeasures for Soil and Water Conservation in Building New Socialist Countryside of Yangzhou City |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Problems and Countermeasures for Soil and Water Conservation in Building New Socialist Countryside of Yangzhou City | 扬州市新农村建设中水土保持存在的问题及对策 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 微波辅助法大规模提取藤茶中的二氢杨梅素 | Extraction Dihydromyriceti of Ampelopsis on a large Scale by Microwave Assisted Extraction |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Extraction Dihydromyriceti of Ampelopsis on a large Scale by Microwave Assisted Extraction | 微波辅助法大规模提取藤茶中的二氢杨梅素 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 超声技术评价川崎病血管内皮功能的方法学探讨 | Ultrasounic evaluation of vascular endothelium function in patients with kawasaki disease |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Ultrasounic evaluation of vascular endothelium function in patients with kawasaki disease | 超声技术评价川崎病血管内皮功能的方法学探讨 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | N-乙酰基转移酶2及谷胱甘肽S转移酶M1基因多态性与抗结核药物性肝损伤的关系研究 | The relationship between genetic polymorphism of NAT2, GSTM1, and antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | The relationship between genetic polymorphism of NAT2, GSTM1, and antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury | N-乙酰基转移酶2及谷胱甘肽S转移酶M1基因多态性与抗结核药物性肝损伤的关系研究 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 自发性高血压大鼠血管平滑肌及心肌内成纤维细胞生长特性的研究 | Study on growth Characteristics of Aortic Smooth Muscle Cell and Cardiac Fibroblast in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Study on growth Characteristics of Aortic Smooth Muscle Cell and Cardiac Fibroblast in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats | 自发性高血压大鼠血管平滑肌及心肌内成纤维细胞生长特性的研究 |
Please translate the following sentences from Chinese to English. | 小宗粮食加工(十)--大麦制备麦芽 | Processing Technology for Non-Staple Cereals(10) |
Please translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. | Processing Technology for Non-Staple Cereals(10) | 小宗粮食加工(十)--大麦制备麦芽 |