満州語

このページはただいま翻訳中で、加筆が必要です。
(The primary author: Your courses, which are not cancelled, are under the category of "Course A".)
このサイトは、満州語を学びたい方のために設置したサイトであり、お互いに独立したコースが2つあります。「コースA」は、より専門的であり、系統的な基礎知識が載っていますが、初心者や基礎知識が弱い方にとっては少し解りにくいかもしれません。そして未完成の「コースB」は初心者のためのチュートリアルで、言語学習に向いており、更に多様な内容を提供することによって、学習者の言語能力の上達を目指しています。
他言語を参照するならこちら:
如果你想阅读本站的中文版请点这里
Click here for English version
満州語は満州・ツングース諸語に属する言語で、かつては清朝の公用語でした。今日に至っては、ほとんどの満州族は中国語を話すものの、およそ60人未満の母語話者がいます。満州語の母語話者は主に中国黒竜江省のチチハル市からおよそ40km離れた三家子村(ᡳᠯᠠᠨᠪᠣᠣ, ilan boo)に分布しています。中国東北部における満州語はほとんど話されていませんが、新疆ウイグル自治区イリ・カザフ自治州チャプチャルシベ自治県(ᠴᠠᠪᠴᠠᠯ, cabcal)にはいまだに30,000余りのシベ語話者が住んでおり、こちらは満州語と相互意思疎通可能で、言語としては異なりますが、当該言語の方言ともみなされています。 Manchu is a Manchu-Tungusic language spoken in Manchuria; it used to be the language of the Manchus, and the official language of the Qing dynasty. Nowadays most Manchus speak Chinese and there are far fewer than 60 native speakers of Manchu out of a total of more than 10 million ethnic Manchus. Most of these native speakers now live in Ilan Boo (Sanjiazi in Mandarin Chinese; 三家子) which is a small village about 40km north of Qiqihar (齐齐哈尔) in Heilongjiang province. Although the spoken language is nearly extinct in Manchuria, the Manchu language lives on in the form of one of its dialects Sibe, which still has 30,000 speakers most of which live in Cabcal Sibe Autonomous County (察布查尔锡伯自治县) near Ili (伊犁) in Xinjiang province, Western China. 満州語は満州・ツングース諸語に属する言語であり、グスターフ・ラムステッドなどの言語学者によって、モンゴル諸語、チュルク諸語と並んでアルタイ諸言語に属すると考えられています。満州語は母音調和を持ち、語順は日本語と同じくSOV語順(主語-目的語-述語)です。日本語話者にとって満州語を習得するのはあまり難しくはありませんが、なぜ満州語という危機に瀕する言語を学ぼうとしたことを考られたことはなさいませんでしょうか。
などなど。
Manchu is a member of the Manchu-Tungusic language family which is believed by some scholars to be a branch of the Altaic language family (along with Mongolic and Turkic). Manchu is an agglutinative language that features both vowel harmony and a Subject-Object-Verb sentence structure. Although it is not particularly hard to learn (especially in comparison to Chinese) many would wonder why you would bother learning a language that is spoken by so few people and whose future does not look that promising. Some reasons could include:
この本にはレッスンが合計24回含まれており、三つの部分に分けられます、
Section 1: Introduction to Manchu grammar and the Manchu script
This section includes 12 lessons, each of which includes a short text or dialogue followed by a vocabulary list and then an introduction to a particular grammatical feature of the language.
Note:
Section 2: Readings in the Manchu Language
This section includes 12 readings in the Manchu Language. Each reading includes a vocabulary list, as well as a translation and explanation of the text.
Section 3: Other information on the Manchu Language
This section includes a vocabulary list, further vocabulary as well as some general information on Tungusic languages and a brief introduction to the Jurchen language and script.
At the bottom of the page there is also a link to the Online Library of Manchu Language Texts which is currently part of this Wikibook. The library is in development.
Course B (in development) is a new textbook for Manchu language, which aims to avoid the obstacle of learning when facing a boring list of lots of grammar rules or language materials translated to another language which is difficult for beginners. This course has applied the theories of foreign language acquisition. The author hopes this course can enables you to learn Manchu quickly and well.
Lesson 1
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Lesson 7
Lesson 8
Lesson 9
Lesson 10
(in develop)
Lesson 1
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Manchu-language Wikipedia(test)

The Online Library of Manchu Language Texts aims to provide a one stop collection of Manchu texts that are no longer subject to copyright laws. All texts use the Mollendorff transliteration method, which will mean that any user that wants to download the text can just cut and paste the content straight from the page. As this is a wiki users will be able to make corrections and monitor changes in the texts to ensure accuracy. To visit the online library Click Here!
Now the library has been moved to Wikisource, テンプレート:Wikisourcelang