college station on an otherwise unremarkable evening last saturday (aug 31) in chile the first official image in the dark energy survey (des) was recorded by the worlds most powerful digital camera marking the beginning of a new era of discoveries about dark energy and other mysteries of the universe for hundreds of nights saturdays and otherwise during the next five years an international team of physicists and astronomers featuring scientists from texas a&m university will use this remarkable machine for which texas a&m astronomer darren depoy served as the project scientist to try to answer some of the most fundamental questions about the cosmos one of the first official images in the us department of energy-funded dark energy survey a zoomed-in look at the barred spiral galaxy ngc 1365 in the fornax cluster of galaxies about 60 million light-years from earth(credit: dark energy survey collaboration) another dark energy camera image this time of the ngc 1398 galaxy which lives in the fornax cluster roughly 65 million light years from earth it is 135 000 light years in diameter just slightly larger than our own milky way galaxy and contains more than a hundred million stars (credit: dark energy survey) harnessing the extraordinary power of the dark energy camera a 570-megapixel digital device built at fermilab and mounted on the 4-meter victor m blanco telescope at the national science foundations cerro tololo inter-american observatory in chiles andes mountains scientists will systematically map one-eighth of the sky (5 000 square degrees) in unprecedented detail as the main tool of the survey the camera features 5 precisely shaped lenses the largest nearly a yard across that together provide sharp images over its entire field of view [to see the dark energy cameras resolution capabilities check out decam interactive] with the start of the survey the work of more than 200 collaborators is coming to fruition said des director josh frieman of the us department of energys fermi national accelerator laboratory its an exciting time in cosmology when we can use observations of the distant universe to tell us about the fundamental nature of matter energy space and time saturdays start marked the culmination of 10 years of planning building and testing by scientists from 25 institutions in six countries the surveys goal is to find out why the expansion of the universe is speeding up instead of slowing down due to gravity and to probe the mystery of dark energy the force believed to be causing that acceleration the start of the survey is a great thing to see after almost a decade of work on the instrument telescope software and plans said depoy a member of texas a&ms george p and cynthia woods mitchell institute for fundamental physics and astronomy and holder of the rachal-mitchell-heep endowed professorship in the department of physics and astronomy texas a&m is an institutional member of des and will have full access to the data as it rolls in a fact that already is having a positive impact on phd dissertation research and our reputation as an excellent program of course the parts of the instrumentation that texas a&m designed and built are working flawlessly a tribute to our lab and the students and staff who do the work the dark energy camera known as decam and revered as the most powerful survey instrument of its kind is able to see light from more than 100 000 galaxies up to 8 billion light years away in each snapshot a key sub-component of the camera a spectrophotometric calibration system known as decal that will allow the camera to obtain very high precision brightness measurements of the objects it sees in the sky was built within texas a&ms charles r 62 and judith g munnerlyn astronomical laboratory under the direction of depoy and senior research scientist jennifer l marshall we expect decam will have a long and productive life on the telescope depoy said the combination represents a new capability available to the entire astronomical community one that can produce unprecedented science were excited that texas a&m astronomy is part of such a groundbreaking project ctio director nicole van der bliek described saturdays start-up as an important milestone the dark energy camera in conjunction with the blanco telescope here at ctio will greatly increase our understanding of the forces that control the expansion of our universe she added during the next five years the survey will obtain color images of 300 million galaxies and 100 000 galaxy clusters and will discover 4 000 new supernovae many of which were formed when the universe was half its current size the data collected will be processed at the national center for supercomputing applications (ncsa) at the university of illinois in urbana and then delivered to collaboration scientists and the public the dark energy survey will be one of the most important surveys in the next 10 years not just because of the targeted science but because so many astronomers will be able to take their own data and do their research said nicholas b suntzeff university distinguished professor of physics and astronomy at texas a&m and director of the universitys astronomy program this is the most carefully designed project i have ever been involved in and the science from the dark energy survey will be spectacular suntzeff who holds the mitchell-heep-munnerlyn chair in observational astronomy within texas a&ms mitchell institute and helped to discover dark energy using the blanco telescope sees positive progress in chile for the overall astronomy profession well beyond the des project which he says offers tangible testimony to the power of public observatories and related worldwide collaboration in science so many people from so many places collaborated to bring this instrument to the blanco telescope suntzeff said at a time when ground-based optical and infrared astronomy is retreating from publicly available telescopes to facilities available to only a few institutions the design and funding of this telescope continues to goes in the other direction it is an instrument available to all users and more time will be granted to general users than has been given to the project itself the survey will use four methods to probe dark energy counting galaxy clusters measuring supernovae studying the bending of light and using sound waves to create a large-scale map of expansion over time combining these for the first time ever in a single experiment while the surveys observations will not be able to see dark energy directly project officials believe that by studying the expansion of the universe and the growth of large-scale structure over time the survey will give scientists the most precise measurements to date of the properties of dark energy the dark energy survey is supported by funding from the us department of energy office of science; the national science foundation; funding agencies in the united kingdom spain brazil germany and switzerland; and the participating institutions more information about the dark energy survey including the list of participating institutions is available at the project website at wwwdarkenergysurveyorg additional information and quotes about the project can be found in the official press release which features additional photographs and illustrations for more information about the instrument and telescope go to cerro tololo inter-american observatory to learn more about texas a&m astronomy the dark energy camera the large synoptic survey telescope and other major international projects involving texas a&m astronomers visit astronomy research page # # # # # # # # # # about research at texas a&m university: as one of the worlds leading research institutions texas a&m is in the vanguard in making significant contributions to the storehouse of knowledge including that of science and technology research conducted at texas a&m represents annual expenditures of more than $776 million that research creates new knowledge that provides basic fundamental and applied contributions resulting in many cases in economic benefits to the state nation and world to learn more visit http://vprtamuedu about fermilab: fermilab americas premier national laboratory for particle physics research is a department of energy national laboratory operated under contract by the fermi research alliance llc the doe office of science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in united states news release courtesy of fermilab the national optical astronomy observatory (noao) and the national center for supercomputing applications on behalf of the dark energy survey collaboration noao is operated by the association of universities for research in astronomy (aura) inc under cooperative agreement with the national science foundation watch an overview of the dark energy survey project featuring the scientists who are involved courtesy of fermilab on you tube: -atm- texas a&m contacts: shana k hutchins (979) 862-1237 or shutchins@sciencetamuedu or dr darren depoy (979) 862-2082 or depoy@physicstamuedu des media contact: andre salles fermilab office of communication (630) 840-3351 or media@fnalgov the post dark energy survey begins five-year mission to map southern sky appeared first on texas a&m college of science