college station picture if you will the ultimate universal home movie if not parental keepsake and life story: our milky way galaxy starting out as but a wee collection of young stars some 12 billion years ago continuously feeding on the gas of smaller nearby galaxies and undergoing a huge burst of star births to grow increasingly more massive only to later fade out into the rather tame large spiral galaxy weve come to inhabit today despite many 21st century advances from technology to social media apps such a movie cannot be made however thanks to one of the most comprehensive multi-observatory galaxy surveys to date led by texas a&m universitys casey papovich astronomers have come up with the next best thing the evolution of the milky way in pictures pieced together using data from nasa and european space agency space telescopes and ground-based telescopes as well as thousands of snapshots of galaxies similar in mass to the milky way as we look at distant galaxies we see how they looked when their light left for earth said papovich lead author on the international teams science paper which is published today in the april 10 issue of the astrophysical journal because the galaxies are billions of light-years distant we can see how they looked billions of years in the past papovich along with texas a&m postdoctoral researchers vithal tilvi and ryan quadri and roughly two dozen astronomers around the world spent a year studying carefully selected distant galaxies similar in mass to the progenitor of our own milky way that were found in two deep-sky program surveys of the universe the cosmic assembly near-infrared deep extragalactic legacy survey (candels) and the fourstar galaxy evolution survey (zfourge) first the group looked at the more than 24 000 galaxies included in the combined catalog to identify representative galaxies that evolved as our milky way did then they made a sequence of how those galaxies grew over time to represent how our own galaxy would have evolved in effect creating a movie of the milky ways life from youth to middle age an animated version of the milky way galaxys life story this composite of hubble space telescope images illustrates the evolution of milky way-like galaxies as detailed in the most comprehensive multi-observatory galaxy survey to date led by texas a&m university astronomer casey papovich the six chronological images (beginning at far right) reveal that these galaxies each similar in mass to our milky way grow larger and rounder over time as their stellar population ages their colors change from blue to yellow to red as their collection of stars burns out in order of brightness the images were taken between 2010 and 2012 with hubbles wide field camera 3 and advanced camera for surveys as part of the cosmic assembly near-infrared deep extragalactic legacy survey (candels) (credit: nasa esa c papovich / texas a&m university h ferguson / stsci s faber / university of california santa cruz and i labbe / leiden university) most stars today exist in galaxies like the milky way so by studying how galaxies like our own formed weve come to understand the most typical locations of stars in the universe said papovich an associate professor in the department of physics and astronomy and a member of the george p and cynthia woods mitchell institute for fundamental physics and astronomy since 2008 we now have the best picture of how galaxies like our own formed their stars papovich says the teams data clearly illustrates that the milky way experienced its most rapid phase of growth between 92 and 10 billion years ago churning out new stars at a spectacular rate that was about 30 times what it is today one per year compared to about 30 each year 95 billion years ago not surprisingly it also reveals a strong correlation between star formation and growth in galaxy size suggesting that the milky way itself is responsible for its own star-generating and therefore staying power when we calculate the star-formation rate of a milky way-like galaxy in the past and add up all the stars it would have produced we find the mass growth we expected papovich said we also know that most of these stars formed inside the milky way rather than in other smaller galaxies that later merged with our own the whole picture hangs together papovich notes that the sun is among those more recently formed stars born roughly 5 billion years ago at a point when star formation within the milky way had slowed to a comparatively cosmic crawl that continues today the suns somewhat fashionably late appearance actually may have been fortuitous fostering the growth of the planets within our solar system the teams multi-wavelength study supported by funding from both nasa and the national science foundation spans ultraviolet to far-infrared light combining observations from nasas hubble and spitzer space telescopes the european space agencys herschel space observatory and ground-based telescopes including the magellan baade telescope at the las campanas observatory in chile the hubble images from the candels survey also provided structural information about galaxy sizes and how they evolved far-infrared light observations from spitzer and herschel helped the astronomers trace the star-formation rate the international zfourge collaboration is composed of several universities including leiden university in holland swinburne and macquarie in australia carnegie observatories in pasadena calif and texas a&m which currently hosts the surveys website and data for additional information on papovich and his research visit drcasey papovich to learn more about texas a&m astronomy go to astronomy research group click here to see the official release and additional information from hubbles news center # # # # # # # # # # about research at texas a&m university: as one of the worlds leading research institutions texas a&m is at the forefront in making significant contributions to the storehouse of knowledge including that of science and technology research conducted at texas a&m represented annual expenditures of more than $820 million in fy 2013 ranking texas a&m in the top 20 of the national science foundations most recent survey of research and development expenditures among us colleges and universities recently reported fy 2014 research expenditures exceed $854 million that research creates new knowledge that provides basic fundamental and applied contributions resulting in many cases in economic benefits to the state nation and world to learn more visit http://researchtamuedu -atm- contact: shana k hutchins (979) 862-1237 or shutchins@sciencetamuedu or dr casey papovich (979) 862-2704 or papovich@physicstamuedu the post texas a&m-led astronomy research details unprecedented life story of milky way galaxy evolution appeared first on college of science